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Revision 2.2
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
............................................................... 1
2 Unpacking
................................................................. 4
3 Encoder Box Controls and Connectors
FRONT PANEL CONTROLS AND INDICATORS ......................................................... 5
Mains Power with Power On/Off Switch ............................................................. 7
4 Example: Production Setups
.................................. 9
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5 DTS Record Panel Software
.................................. 13
6 E175-01 DVD Timecode Controller
7 CAD-4 Professional Decoder
................................. 19
Appendix A
.................................................................... 20
DTS Bitstream Time code Embedding Specification .......................................... 20
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Table 4 Values of data_type_dependent When data_type = 1 ....................................... 23
Figure 1. Encoding audio with time code.
....................................................................... 24
Figure 2. Time stamps and DTS frames in the IEC958 data stream.
.............................. 26
Appendix B
.................................................................... 27
DTS Encoding System User Information
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1 Introduction
1.1
OVERVIEW
This manual describes the configuration and operation of the DTS Professional Audio
Equipment, which includes the CAE-4 Professional Encoder, the CAD-4 Decoder, and the
E175-01 DVD Timecode Controller. This is the reference equipment to create DTS bitstreams from 5.1 source material for DVD-Video and CD.
The manual explains the general requirements for encoding. It also outlines specific production scenarios. The scenarios serve as examples for configuring production environments.
Operating software is included in this package (on CD-ROM), and it runs on Windows 95, 98,
2000 or NT systems. Use of the DTS Record Panel is described in Section 5 of the manual. At the end of each project, always comply with standard industry practice for Quality Control (QC).
It is strongly recommended that QC always include critical listening of encoded material to verify acceptability of content for end users.
A software playback panel will be available in the upcoming months. Until then it may be necessary to use a third party program (ie; Sound Forge) for play back of DTS files directly from your computer. A typical application is illustrated in Figure 6.
The E175-01 DVD Timecode Controller is described in Section 6 of this manual. It is used to sync picture content with audio content for DVD-Video applications, enabling users to select an encoding project start and end time.
Minimum Computer Requirements to operate the DTS Record Panel software:
1. Windows 95, 98, 2000 or NT
2. A PC with a minimum of 64 Mbytes of memory, a separate system drive and a data drive with 4Gbytes (content dependent) free on hard drive.
3. Your will need to turn off background programs running (ie; screen savers, virus scan – off, etc). This will insure a successful DTS encode bitstream capture into the computer.
4. It is suggested that in AGP video card be used where possible.
Sound Cards tested and verified for use with DTS Pro Audio Equipment:
1. SEK'D-PRODIF 96 Pro
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1.2
REGULATORY NOTICES
1.2.1
Emi Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Canadian Department of Communications compliance statement:
This equipment does not exceed Class A limits per radio noise emissions for digital apparatus set in the Radio Interference Regulation of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Operation in a residential area may cause unacceptable interference to radio and TV reception, requiring the owner or operator to take whatever steps are necessary to correct the interference.
Avis de conformite aux normes du ministere des Communications du Canada:
Cet equipment ne depasse pas les limites de Classe A D'emission de bruits radioelectriques pour les appareils numeriques telles que perscrites par le Reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique etabli par le ministere des Communications du Canada. L'exploitation faite en milieu residentiel peut entrainer le brouillage des receptions radio et television, ce qui olbigerait le proprietaire ou l'operateur a prendre les dispositions necessaires pour en eliminer les causes.
1.2.2
Patents
The DTS system has been granted the following patents:
US Pat. Nos. 5,451,942, 5,956,674, 5,974,380, 5,978,762 and other worldwide patents issued and pending. "DTS" and "DTS Digital Surround" are registered trademarks of Digital Theater
Systems, Inc., Copyright 2000 Digital Theater Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
1.3
RETURNS
If any of the items on your packing list cannot be found, contact DTS with the P/N and description of the missing item(s). Refer to information below before sending any product back to DTS.
For warranty repair, exchange or getting replacement parts, please call your local DTS office or dealer.
A DTS Return Authorization (“RA”) number is required before sending any item back to the factory. At the time of the call, DTS will require that you provide the serial number of any unit(s) for return before warranty replacement units will be sent. All return packaging should be clearly marked with the Return Authorization number on the outside of the package.
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Please send all returns to:
North America
Digital Theater Systems, Inc.
5171 Clareton Drive
Agoura Hills, California 91301-4523 USA
Telephone: (818) 706-3525 or toll free in USA: 800-959-4109
Customer Service Fax: (818) 879-2746
Europe
DTS SA
Unit 5, Ruscombe Lane
Tavistock Industrial Estate
Twyford, Berkshire RG10-9NJ
UK
Telephone: 44-1189-349199
Fax: 44-1189-349198
1.4
WARRANTY INFORMATION
Equipment manufactured by DTS, Inc. is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for one year from date of purchase. There are no other expressed or implied warranties.
DTS, Inc. obligation is restricted to repair and/or replacement of defective parts. Under no circumstances will DTS, Inc. be liable for any other damage, either direct or consequential.
All requests for repairs or information should include the unit serial number to ensure rapid service.
DTS OFFICES AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT
North America (corporate headquarters)
Telephone: (818) 706-3525
Fax: (818) 706-1868
DTS engineers are available to assist you. If you have an emergency after business hours, please leave a message on the answering service and we will return your call as soon as possible.
Europe (UK)
Telephone: 44-1189-349199
Fax: 44-1189-349198
INTERNET users may email DTS at the following address: [email protected]
DTS Web Site: www.dtsonline.com
Future updates/new releases of the DTS Record Panel will be provided via the website.
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2 Unpacking
2.1
UNPACKING
The packaging is designed for typical shipping and handling. Upon receipt of shipment, check for signs of damage before opening and report all damage to the carrier. All shipments made from DTS are the customer's responsibility once they leave our premises.
Before installation it is suggested that a complete inventory be taken to minimize problems or questions during installation. Additionally, save all packing material until installation is complete in the unlikely event that a component(s) requires return to the factory. Use the packing slip that came with your unit to verify received inventory.
The following is a sample packing list for a single system.
Typical DTS Pro Audio Equipment Package consists of:
•
CAE-4 Professional Encoder
•
CAD-4
•
E175-DVD Timecode Controller
•
E175-DVD (1/4” Jack) to Encoder ( XLR) Cable assembly
•
E175-DVD power adapter
•
DTS Software suite including the DTS Record Panal and bitstream tools software on
CD-ROM
•
Record Panel software on CD-ROM
•
CAE-4 Encoder System Manual
•
Spec Sheets for the CAE-4 Encoder and CAD-4 Decoder
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3 Encoder Box Controls and Connectors
3.1
QUICK-START SET-UP
The diagram below illustrates a quick verification procedure for DTS equipment functionality with minimal interface. If any system interface problems are encountered, refer to this simple set-up.
Time code Input #1 (From DA88)
A B C
CAD-4 Decoder
E175-01
DVD
CAE-4 Encoder
(timecode input)
(bitstream output)
XLR Balance
Digital input*
Monitor
(analog out)
Digital Inputs
L/R LS/RS C/LFE
*set selector switch out
DA88 (AES/EBU)
Content Source
+ 9V input
Time code out
AC Adapter
XLR-1/4inch cable provided.
Place CAE-4 into TC bypass to verify operation without E175-01 DVD.
Verify decoder mains switch on side of unit is set to proper mains voltage. Monitor output with amp/speakers.
Check time code trigger by setting up E175-01 DVD per section 6. Place CAD-4 into TC trig position to start encoding on user selected start time.
3.2
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
See spec sheets for summary specifications.
3.3
FRONT PANEL CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
The four pushbuttons from the left have LED indicators to show their status. Pressing the button after reset changes the state of the control. The only way to set the control back to its
default state is to press reset again. Always press the reset switch after changing a front panel switch or introducing new content type (44.1K to 48K) at the AES/EBU input.
CD Mode ENCODER SPECIAL NOTE
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1234kbps is the only active mode for CD. The active front panel switches in CD mode are TC
TRIG or TC BYPASS and LFE ON or LFE OFF. In CD Mode, even though the other switches show lighted LEDs when switched to other positions, they are ignored by the encoder processor.
In DVD mode, ALL front panel switches are fully activated.
3.3.2
Surround Switch 0dB/-3dB
In the 0dB position the LS/RS surround channels are not attenuated, which is the typical setting for consumer encoding. The -3dB position setting attenuates the surround channels by 3 dB, to accommodate the differences in theatrical consumer monitoring levels used while mixing.
3.3.3 TC Trig/TC bypass
In the TC TRIG State, the encoder will start encoding when the E175DVD start time is passed.
The Encoder will embed time code (DVD Mode) into the DTS output bitstream per appendix A.
The E175DVD is enabling encoding when incoming time code is between the user entered start and end times. The green encoding indicator on the
E175DVD will be on when valid time code is output. Note: The “End” time must be greater than the “Start” time. If the end time is not known, it should be entered with a large number (up to 24 hours). Refer to section 6 for operation of the E175DVD. Verify the start and end times are entered on the E175DVD screen. The TC Status LED will blink at a 15Hz (fast) rate before the
Encoder trigger point indicating that it is receiving time code and then blink at a 5Hz(slow) rate after passing the trigger point. The TC LED will be off with no time code present.
The TC BYPASS switched mode does not require a time code generator input. The Encoder will not embed time code. Once locked to valid AES/EBU digital inputs, the Encoder will start encoding within a few seconds of turning the mains power on. The Encoder, the TC LED, and
READY LED indicators will remain solid green.
3.3.4
Lfe On/Lfe Off
This switch controls the encoding of the LFE (subwoofer) channel. With the switch in the ON position, the encoder will brickwall lowpass the LFE input of the 120Hz and encode the filtered audio into a discrete LFE channel in the bit stream with the switch in the OUT position, audio in the LFE input channel is ignored.
3.3.5
1509k/754k
1509kbps/754kbps are bit rate options for DVD encoding.
The bitrate for CD encoding is fixed at 1234 kbps.
3.3.7
DVD Status Indicator
This light indicates digital inputs at 48k samples/seconds. When the DVD led is “ON”, the encoder will automatically select a bit stream.
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Note: with no digital input, the DVD and CD LEDs flash in alternating sequence until an input is applied.
3.3.8
CD Status Indicator
This indicates digital inputs at 44.1K samples/seconds. When the CD Led is ON, the encoder will automatically select a bit stream peak MSB value of 14 bits.
3.3.9
TC Indicator Light
This light can be in 3 states; blinking, steady or off.
Blinking slow: TC is present and before the encoder’s trip point.
Blinking fast TC is present and past the encoder’s trip point.
Off: TC is not present.
3.3.10 READY Light
The ready light indicates normal or faulty encoding.
Steady:
Blinking:
Off:
Input AES/EBU audio is present and since reset was last pressed, encoding has started and has been continuous.
Since reset was last pressed, encoding has started and then stopped for any amount of time. If encoding restarted, LED will continue to blink until the encoder is reset again.
Encoding is not occurring. Normal for a few seconds after RESET has been pressed.
3.3.11 RESET Switch (momentary)
Forces the encoder to update its input bitstream and front panel switch settings. Always
Depress the RESET switch after making any mode selection changes. In addition, RESET clears the fault indication of the READY light. If a problem fails to clear with a RESET, cycle the mains power switch.
3.4
REAR PANEL CONNECTORS
From left to right the connectors are as follows:
3.4.1
Mains Power with Power On/Off Switch
Autosensing 100-240VAC 50-60 Hz, 25 watts.
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3.4.2
Time code Input
3 pin XLR female, balanced 110 ohms.
3.4.3
Bitstream Output
3 pin XLR male, AES/EBU 110 ohms.
3.4.4
L/R Digital Audio Input
3 pin XLR female AES/EBU 110 ohms.
3.4.5
LS/RS Digital Audio Input
3 pin XLR female AES/EBU 110 ohms.
3.4.6
Center/SubWoofer Digital Audio Input
3 pin XLR female AES/EBU 110 ohms.
3.4.7
Input Channel Mapping
The AES input pairs channel assignments are fixed. Should you have a different input pair arrangement, you may need a router to format the source material accordingly to accommodate the input pairs specified in 3.4.4 – 3.4.6.
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4 Example: Production Setups
4.1
GENERIC SETUP
Figure 4.1.1 outlines the minimum system elements required for DTS encoding using the CAE-
4.
E175
DVD
T C
A E S O U T P U T D E V I C E
L / R L S / R S C / S U B
T C
L / R L S / R S C / S U B
C A E - 4 E N C O D E R
B I T S T R E A M
A E S I N P U T
B i t s t r e a m c a p t u r e
W o r k s t a t i o n
F i g u r e 4 . 1 . 1 G e n e r ic E n c o d i n g S e t u p
First, source material must be supplied to the encoder as three AES/EBU digital inputs plus time code. The encoded bit stream is then sent to an AES digital bitsteam capture workstation.
As the following examples illustrate, the source material can be provided from digital recorders and digital audio workstations. The recording device is typically a digital audio workstation such as a PC compatible computer equipped with a digital input audio card.
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Figure 4.1.2 shows a test set up using industry standard equipment.
E175
DVD
TC D A 8 8
TDIF
L/R
TDIF
IF 8 8 A E
LS/RS C/ SUB
TC
L/R LS/RS C/ SUB
C A E - 4 E N C O D E R
BITSTREA M
BITSTREA M
D T S C A D - 4 5 . 1 D E C O D E R
L/R LS/RS C/SUB
1/2 3/4 5/6
A E S M E T E R B R ID G E
F i g u r e 4 . 1 . 2 T e s t S e t U p w i t h D A 8 8 S o u r c e
The TDIF output of a Tascam DA88 is converted by a Tascam IF88AE into the three AES/EBU channels required by the encoder; L/R, LS/RS, C/SUB. The TC OUT of the DA88 is connected to the E175directly to the Encoder TC IN. The BITSTREAM OUT of the encoder is connected to the DIGITAL INPUT of the DTS CAD-4 Decoder where it is converted back into L/R, LS/RS,
C/SUB AES formatted outputs. These three outputs are monitored by an AES Meter Bridge.
The six analog audio outputs are connected to a 5.1 audio monitor for audible evaluation.
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The TDIF output of a Tascam DA88 is converted by a Tascam IF88AE into the three AES/EBU channels required by the encoder; L/R, LS/RS, C/SUB. The TC OUT of the DA88 is connected to the E175 and then directly to the encoder TC IN. The BITSTREAM OUT of the encoder is connected to the DIGITAL INPUT of the DTS CAD-4.5.1 Studio Decoder where it is converted back into L/R, LS/RS, C/SUB AES formatted outputs. These three outputs are monitored by an
AES Meter Bridge. The six analog audio outputs are connected to a 5.1 audio monitor for audible evaluation.
To operate the test setup, perform the following steps after cabling as shown in the diagram.
•
•
Turn on power to encoder.
Load source material onto the DA88. Source material must be 48k to allow DVD encoding or 44.1k to allow CD encoding.
•
•
•
Select LFE ON or LFE OFF.
Select surround 0db or -3db.
If DVD (48k) source material is being used, select high or low encoding rate. CD source material (44.1k) will always be encoded at 1234kbps.
•
Select TC BYPASS/TC TRIGGER
•
Press
The audio from the DA88 which has been encoded then decoded will now be available at the meter bridge and the monitors.
Figure 4.1.3 shows a DA88 source and an IBM Compatible workstation with a Sek’d PRODIF
96Pro digital sound card as a recorder.
If the encoder is set to “TC Trigger,” one must enter START and END time on the E175 (per item 6.3)
•
•
•
•
•
•
A simple recording session with this setup and the DTS Record Panel software (referred to as the Panel) is now described:
•
•
Run the Panel (See Section 5 for set-up overview) on the PC.
Open the Project menu. Define a path and name for the project. The output file which is eventually recorded will be assigned a name automatically.
Click on setup. Set source to desired device. Select desired input source.
Select the desired encoder settings on the front panel of the encoder.
Press the encoder reset button.
Click record on the Panel program.
Press play on the DA88
Click stop on the Panel program when all of the desired source material has been encoded and decoded.
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•
Stop the DA88.
TC D A 8 8
TDIF
L/ R
TDIF
IF 8 8 A E
LS/ RS C/SUB
TC
L/ R LS/ RS C/SUB
C A E - 4 E N C O D E R
BI TST REA M
IB M COMPATIBLE
WO RKST ATION WITH
AES/EBU SOU ND CAR D
SUCH A S Se k'd Prodif
96Pro
F i g u r e 4 . 1 . 3 D A 8 8 S o u r c e w i t h P C W o r k s t a t i o n
•
Select the bit depth and weather the surround are ES encoded.
•
CHECK on the Panel program. An edit box will summarize the Format, bit rate, start and stop time codes.
4.2
AUTHORING SYSTEMS SUPPORT
We are working to certify the following authoring systems for DTS. Contact your authoring system provider if you have any questions regarding the interface.
Daikin Scenarist
Spruce Technologies
Sonic Solutions
Sony
Toshiba
MEI
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5 DTS Record Panel Software
5.1
OVERVIEW
The DTS record panel (PANEL) is provided to simplify the encoding check process. Start by creating a directory called DTS Panel and copy all of the programs into this file.
Information regarding selecting 16bit - 16bit ES, ect…describing the meaning and use of .”dts”
(padded file) “.cpt” (compacted)
5.1.1
Panel
The Panel is a windows program capable of running on Windows 95, 98 and NT. The Panel provides a method for recording or "capturing" the DTS Bitstream. Once captured, the
Bitstream can then be analyzed for dropouts and other syntax errors by using the check function on the panel.
The edit function can then be used to properly format the bitsteam to accommodate the CD or
DVD authoring system, and can be used to trim the beginning and end of the file as needed.
A project file (*prj) is created that details all of the actions taken by the PANEL program. The project file can be opened with.
The following sound cards have been verified to be compatible:
Lynx One ZEFIRO ZAZ MOTV 308/PCI324
SEK'D-PRODIF 96 Pro
Record/Stop Setup
Select sound card
Trim
Generate
File
Output
Options: pad
.cmp
.wav
Check .prj
(project history)
-Continuity
-Sync
-report 1 st
/last TC
-meta data header
-tc stamp video frame rate
-bit depth
Figure 5.0 Record Panel Process Flow
Authoring
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5.1.2
Using Panel in CD Code (44.1)
Below is a description of the overall flow process for creation of DTS CD content. Note: it is recommended to use an external program (Sound Forge, MS player or equivalent) to support playback of the .wav files. Future release of the Panel software will include a play panel.
DA88
5.1 Master
CAE-4
Bitstream capture PC
Sound card
Sound
Forge, MS media player or
Play
Panel*
DTS
DLT
Authoring
Record
Panel
.wav
file
Figure 6.0 CD content Process Flow
5.1.2
Optional Dos Utilities
5.1.2.1 DTS Expand
The DTSExpand is a DOS program. This program will create a new padded (*.DTS) file from a compacted (*.CPT), and file outputs a padded file.
Compacted file DTS Expand Padded
Syntax Expand path:\file.(source) name.cpt path:\(output) filename.dts.
The Expand program will require the frame size information listed below:
Prompt for the source file DTS framesize
Rate(kbps)
1509.25
754.50
Compacted Frame Size
2013
1006
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5.1.3.2 DTSbin2wave
DTS 2Bin is a DOS program. The bin2wave will convert a padded file to a wave file.
padded bin2wave wav file
5.1.3.3 DTS2CPT
Syntax DS2cpt path : (“source”) filename.dts path:\(output) filename.cpt. DTS2cpt will create a new padded (*.dts) file compacted (*.cpt) file.
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6 E175-01 DVD Timecode Controller
6.1
E175-01 DVD FEATURES
•
Starts/Stops the Encoder on user specified time
•
Runs on a valid SMPTE time code input
•
Accepts all standard frame rates 29.97/30ndf, 29.97df, 25df and 25f.
•
All settings are saved in non-volatile memory
•
The unit may be mounted into a 19 inch equipment rack or be placed on a desktop.
6.1.1
Interface I/O
6.1.2
Power
•
Connect mains to AC power adapter. Connect the 9VDC output of the converter labeled +9VDC 500ma (Note: center pin is +9V and the outside ring is ground) into the rear of the E175-01 DVD. Attach a chassis ground to the rear of the unit or if rack mounted verify chassis ground continuity.
6.2.2
Signal
•
Plug a ¼” jack (stereo or mono) from the time code source to the “time code input
#1” rear input jack.
Signal Name
Time Code High
Time Code Low
Shield
Using TRS Plug)
Tip
Ring
Sleeve
(Using A ¼” Phono Plug)
Tip
Sleeve
•
Plug the “time code output” ¼” jack (provided) from the E175DVD to the CAE-4 Time code input.
•
Note: The only functional I/O on the E175DVD is the time code input and time code output#1.
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6.2
SETUP & INITIALIZATION
When first applying power, the E175DVD with show the current revision for about five seconds and then default to a menu (Start or End). If this does not occur for any reason the processor can be reset by disconnecting and then reconnecting the main power. After five seconds the display should look
like:
Setting the Start time:
Press the DISPLAY button until the following is displayed on the lower line.
? ? : 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 S t a r t 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 G e n 3 0
0 1 : 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 S t a r t
§
Press the SET button.
§ Press the DISPLAY + Right arrow to zero the display. Press store when all entries are complete.
ENCODING aaaa
Below is an example of a valid 1 hour start time:
0 1 : 0 0 : 0 0 : 0 0 S t a r t
SET STORE DISPLAY
•
Upon the first power up out of the box, memory initialization may be required. If any of the display locations show a “????”, then zero out the display before entering numeric start/stop data.
•
•
•
NOTE: When keeping the DISPLAY button pressed and then pressing the up button one can scroll the numbers in the reverse direction. Also, keeping the up button pressed will cause the numbers to auto increment.
Upon achieving the correct start time, press “STORE”.
Then press the “DISPLAY” until the “end” time appears.
Repeat the step above for inputting the “end” time. Then depress “STORE” to save the end time.
6.3
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
When the incoming time code matches the stored “Start” time, the green encoding status LED with turn on and stay on until the end time is reached. The top line of the display indicates the actual time code output of the E175-01 DVD. The Encoder will trigger while in “TC TRIG” position, when the E175-01 DVD passes the “Start” time (green LED on).
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The Encoder needs to be in a pre-trigger reset mode before the E175DVD reaches the “Start” time. Before the E175DVD start point the Encoder TC LED with blink fast (15Hz) then at the trigger point the TC LED will blink slow (5Hz) and the READY LED will be solid on.
The upper right hand corner of the display indicates the frames per second (ie; 30, 25, dp)
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7 CAD-4 Professional Decoder
7.0
SET-UP
7.1
MAINS POWER
On the side of the chassis you will find a mains power selector switch. Verify the switch is in the correct position for you region. Slide to the 230V position or the 115V position.
7.2
INTERFACE
7.2.1
Inputs
There is a choice of 3 inputs available, these are Optical, 75 ohm or Balanced Digital (XLR).
Press the digital input selector switch IN for 75 ohm OR press the digital input selector OUT for
Balanced Digital (XLR).
7.2.2
Digital Outputs
The 3 AES/EBU outputs are paired as: Center/Sub, SurrR/SurrL, Right/Left
7.3.3
Analog Outputs
All analog outputs are balanced XLR.
7.3
STATUS INDICATORS
The Power status monitors the presence of Mains power. The DTS status monitors the presents of a DTS decoded output. The Lock status detects an incoming DTS bitstream.
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Appendix A
Time code embedding specifications
32 Bytes timecode header
DTS frame data
2013 bytes for 1.51MBps
3 null bytes
32 Bytes timecode header
754kbps
00000000
00000010
00000020
00000030
00000040
00000050
00000060
00000070
00000080
00000090
000000A0
000000B0
DTS frame data
1006 bytes for 754kBps
1010 null bytes
F872 4E1F OOO2 0060 00D1 0014
0566 OO11 OOOO OOO0 F872 4E1F
0053 0023 .rN.
OODB 1F70 .f..
7FFE 8001 FC3C 3ED2 75E0 OD3A OOD9 8C53 ….
189C E739 8000 002D B6DB 6DFF FFFF FFFF …9.
FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF 44D0 OOD0 DOD0 .t..
0074 1000 1DO0 00D5 OOD5 OOD5 BBDB O49D B..,
1209 C22C C2BD 3516 1039 707B
5E34 8888 8868 6856 4466 4235
749B AFBF
12AF 28C8
8A86 6888 4834 F2D0 EECC CACC CAC8 A693
108C EAA4 6844 2422 4432 FOCA EAA4 4842
2222 4220 OOO0 OOO0 OOD0 OOD0 OOD0 00D0
EA80
A1.0
DTS Bitstream Time code Embedding Specification
The purpose of this specification is to define how the DTS bitstream incorporates time code embedding (time stamping) into a single bit stream. The majority of this information is extracted from the Advanced Television Systems Committee standard describing time code stamping and is consistent with the physical and logical IEC958 interface specification.
Time code embedding indicates the absolute time at which the encoded audio samples are taken. The time code is encoded as values of SMPTE time code.
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Coding of preamble
The data to be transmitted is formed into bursts of data. A 64-bit preamble is added to the beginning of each burst. The remainder of the burst is then the data payload. The preamble occupies 16 bits in each of 4 sub-frames. The preamble is considered to be four 16-bit words designated as Pa, Pb, Pc, Pd. The contents of these four words are specified in Table 1. When placed into a sub-frame, the MSB of a 16-bit preamble word is placed into time slot 27, and the
LSB is placed into time slot 12. The combination of Pa and Pb form a 32-bit sync code. This allows a receiver to find the preamble with a very small probability of mis-detection.
Table 1 Preamble Words
Preamble word Contents
Pa
Pb
Pc
16 bit sync word 1 = 0xF872
16 bit sync word 2 = 0x4E1F
16 bit burst_info value.
Pd
16 bit length_code (unsigned integer), equal to the number of data bits in the following data burst
32-bit mode
The 4 preamble words are contained in 2 sequential frames. The frame beginning the data burst contains preamble word Pa in the Ch1 sub-frame, and Pb in the Ch2 sub-frame. The next frame contains Pc in Ch1 and Pd in Ch2.
16-bit mode
The 4 preamble words are contained in 4 sequential sub-frames of the individual channel (Ch1 or Ch2) being employed to convey the DTS data stream. The sub-frame (of the channel being used) beginning the data burst contains preamble word Pa, the next sub-frame (of the channel) in the burst contains Pb, etc.
burst_info
The 16-bit burst_info value contains information about the data which will be found in the burst.
The contents of burst_info is specified in Table 2. Bit 15 of burst_info is considered the MSB.
Bit(s)
0-4
5-6
7
8-12
13-15
Value
Table 2 burst_info
Data_type (5-bit unsigned integer = 0-31)
Reserved (shall be set to ‘00’)
Error_flag 1 indicates data burst may contain errors, 0 indicates data may be valid
Data_type_dependent
Data_stream_number
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data_type
The 5-bit data_type field indicates what type of data, (DTS, time stamp, etc.) will be found in the burst. Three values of data_type are defined in this specification. See Table 3.
Table 3 Values of data_type
Value Meaning
0 Null data
1
2
3-31
DTS data
Time Stamp
Reserved
Reserved bits
Bits 5 and 6 are reserved. These bits shall be set to a value of ‘00’. Receivers of this data stream may ignore the contents of these bits.
error_flag
The error_flag bit is available to indicate if the contents of the burst contains data errors. If a data burst is thought to be error free, or if the data source does not know if the data contains errors, then the value of this bit shall be set to a ‘0’. If the data source does know that a particular data burst contains some errors this bit may be set to a ‘1’. The use of this bit by receivers is optional.
data_type_dependent
The data_type_dependent field contains 5 bits whose meaning is intended to be dependent on the value of data_type.
data_stream_number
The 3-bit data_stream_number indicates to which virtual data stream the burst belongs. Eight codes (0-7) are available so that up to eight independent data streams (each of any assigned data type) may be carried in the IEC958 data stream in a time multiplex. Each independent data stream shall use a unique value for data_stream_type.
In the consumer application the following constraints shall apply. If a single data stream is carried, the value of data_stream_number shall be 0. If a set of data streams are carried, one of the streams shall have a data_stream_number of 0. If a receiver is only capable of selecting and processing a single data stream, it shall receive and process data_stream_number 0.
Stream 0 thus has the highest priority, and should carry the most important data. The MSB of the 3-bit stream number is placed in bit number 15.
length_code
The length_code indicates the length of the data payload in bits, from 0 to 65535. The size of the preamble is not counted in the value of length_code.
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Burst spacing
In order to facilitate the implementation of the autodetection function there is one requirement on burst spacing. There shall not be a sequence of 4096 or more IEC958 frames which contain at least one data burst, without the beginning of at least one of the data bursts preceded by two
IEC958 frames which have sub-frame contents in time slots 12-27 of all 0’s. Since the subframe contents of time slots 12-27 are set to all zeros between data bursts, this requirement is automatically met unless there are sequences of data bursts so tightly packed that there is never (in a span of 4096 IEC958 frames) a sequence of 2 all-zero frames preceding any burst.
The null data_type
A null data type is provided so that the preamble sync codes may be inserted occasionally into the data stream. This could potentially enhance reliable autodetection of whether or not the sub-frame contains PCM audio or digital data.
The null burst data_type has a value of 0x0. In a null data burst, the length_code, error_flag, and data_type_dependent values shall all be set to ‘0’. The data_stream_number shall be set to
0x7.
If the burst frequency of the data being conveyed is low, or the interface is idle (no data to convey) there may be long periods of inactivity which may be autodetected as PCM silence.
Placement of null data bursts allows sync codes to be detected, allowing an autodetector to realize that the sub-frame contents should be considered to be data and not PCM audio. Thus use of null data bursts is optional.
The DTS data_type
When DTS data is conveyed, data_type has a value of 0x1. In this case, the value of data_type_dependent shall be as shown in Table 4.
Table 4 Values of data_type_dependent When data_type = 1 burst_info bit number
Data_type_dep endent bit number
Meaning
8-10 0-2
11-12 3-4
Value of bsmod in DTS elementary stream
Reserved, shall be set to ‘00’
The DTS syntactical element bsmod is a 3-bit field. The left-most bit of this value is placed in burst_info bit number 10. Receivers may ignore the contents of the reserved bits.
Placement of DTS frames into data bursts
The DTS data stream consists of a sequence of DTS sync frames. Each DTS sync frame represents 1536 encoded audio samples. DTS sync frame boundaries occur at a frequency of exactly once every 1536 IEC958 frames. Each burst of DTS data shall contain one complete
DTS sync frame. The length of the DTS data burst will depend on the encoded bit rate (which determines the DTS sync frame length). The data bursts containing DTS sync frames shall occur at a regular rate, with each DTS burst beginning 1536 IEC958 frames after the beginning of the preceding DTS burst (of the same data_stream_number ).
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1.4.2
The time stamp data_type
Time stamps are useful in applications where time information must be kept closely associated with encoded audio data (see Figure 1).
Values of SMPTE time code occur only once per picture frame, and thus have a resolution in their value of approximately 33 ms (for 30 Hz frame rate). Audio samples occur much more frequently, approximately once every 21
µ s (48 kHz sample rate). The DTS audio access units occur every 32 ms (48 kHz sample rate).
Audio Signals to be encoded
DTS CAE-4 Encoder
DTS-Bitstream
Coded audio + time code
SMPTE
Time Code
Figure 1. Encoding audio with time code.
1.4.3
Preamble values
Time stamps are conveyed by data bursts with a data_type value of 0x2. The value of data_type_dependent shall be set to 0x0 for the payload defined below. (In the future, other payload types may be defined for different values of data_type_dependent.) The length_code shall indicate the actual length of the time stamp payload.
Time stamp payload
The time stamp payload, shown in Table 5, has a minimum length of six 16-bit words which have a defined meaning. Additional 16-bit words may be optionally added, but the meaning of these words is not specified.
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Table 5 Time Stamp Payload
Time Stamp
Payload Word
MSB Bit Number
15 14 13 12 11 10 9
LSB
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0 Usr8, Usr7, Hours [63] [62] [61] [60] [55] [54] [53] [52] [59] [58] H20 H10 H8 H4 H2 H1
1 Usr6, Usr5, Minutes [47] [46] [45] [44] [39] [38] [37] [36] [43] M4
0
M2
0
M1
0
M8 M4 M2 M1
2 Usr4, Usr3, Seconds [31] [30] [29] [28] [23] [22] [21] [20] [27] S40 S20 S10 S8 S4 S2 S1
3 Usr2, Usr1, cf, df,
Frames
[15] [14] [13] [12] [7] [6] [5] [4] [11] [10] F20 F10 F8 F4 F2 F1
4 Sample Number
5 Reserved, Flags
S15 S14 S13 S12 S11 S10 S9
R R R R R R R
S8
R
S7
R
S6
R
S5 a3
S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 a2 a1 a0 f1 [10]
Table Entries
[63] Bit number 63 of SMPTE time code word
H20 This bit has a value of 20 hours
R Reserved bit, set to ‘0’
Usr8 The 8th group of user bits in the SMPTE time code word cf Color frame flag bit df f1
Drop-frame flag bit
Flag bit number 1
S15 Sample number, bit 15 a3 Frame rate code, bit 3
The first four words contain an hours, minutes, seconds, frame count. Space is available to carry the user group, color frame flag, drop frame flag, and unassigned bits from a SMPTE time code word. Flag bit f1 (in word 5) is set to a ‘1’ if this information has been copied from a source of SMPTE time code into the upper bits of payload words 0-3. If flag bit f1 is set to a ‘0’, this information has not been provided, and the upper bits of payload words marked [ ] are all set to
‘0’. The sample number in word 4 is an unsigned integer which indicates the sample number
(Sn in Figure 2) to which the time code value applies. The sample number does not have to be exactly correct, but should indicate an audio sample within
±
0.5 ms of the ideal value. Word 5 contains 10 reserved bits (in bits 6-15), a 4-bit frame rate code (a3-a0), the f1 flag bit, and the drop-frame flag bit (bit 10 of the SMPTE time code word) if the timing source is SMPTE time code. The drop-frame flag bit is always provided in bit 0 of word 5; its presence in bit 6 of word
3 is conditional on the value of the f1 flag bit. The meaning of the frame rate code is shown in
Table 6.
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In c re a s in g T im e
T S n
D T S F ra m e n
S a m p le S n
T S n + 1
D T S F ra m e n + 1
S a m p le S n + 1
T im e S ta m p n c o n ta in s th e tim e in fo rm a tio n fo r s a m p le
S n in D T S fra m e n
T im e S ta m p n + 1 c o n ta in s th e tim e in fo rm a tio n fo r s a m p le
S n + 1 in D T S fra m e n + 1
If th e v a lu e o f s a m p le n u m b e r S n c o n ta in e d in tim e s ta m p n is > = 1 5 3 6 (th e n u m b e r o f s a m p le s in a n D T S fra m e ), it p o in ts to s a m p le 1 5 3 6 -S n in D T S fra m e n + 1
Figure 2. Time stamps and DTS frames in the IEC958 data stream.
1
-
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table 6 Frame Rate Code
Frame Rate Code Frame Rate a3 a2 a1 a0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
-
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0 1
1 0
1 1
0 0
-
1 1 not indicated
24 ÷ 1001 (23.98)
24
25
30 ÷ 1001 (29.97)
30
50
60 ÷ 1001 (59.94)
60 reserved reserved
Additional payload words containing arbitrary information may be optionally provided. The meaning of any additional payload information is not specified. Receivers should be capable of operating whether or not additional information is present. The presence of additional information may be determined by the value of the length_code in the burst preamble. If the value length_code is 0x0060 then no additional information is present. If the value of length_code is greater than 0x0060 then additional information is present.
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Appendix B
Compacting files using the Join program
If for some reason, your DVD authoring system cannot use padded files, and you have access to a PC and can run a
DOS program, you can use the attached executable file to generate a compacted file directly from the padded file.
1) Place a copy of the Join program in the same folder as your source padded file.
2) In DOS, navigate to the folder with the files.
3) Type Join, then press enter key.
4) Enter the code for the frame rate.
5) At the File 1 prompt, enter the source file name, with extension.
6) At the File 2 prompt, enter the word end (lower case).
7) Enter a new output file name.
8) Enter DVD frame size - for 754 kbps, 1006; for 1509 kbps 2013.
9) Enter sample rate - 48000.
10) Enter sample frame size - 512.
11) Enter time code trigger position, the time code position where the source file starts. Get this information at the
end of the *.prj file where the output file information is
12) Enter the time code start position, where you need the output file to start from. At this point you may select to start from a point after the trigger point.
13) Enter the end time, where you want the output file to stop. At this point you may select to stop the file at a point earlier than the end of the source file.
It should be noted that on some versions of Microsoft NT a line entry bug occurs. The first typed letter will be ignored. Please watch the entry line to insure that your typing appears on the screen.
No problems exist with any other Microsoft operating systems.
Editing files using the Join program
If for some reason, a continuous file needs to be created from, and you have access to a PC and can run a DOS program, you can use the attached executable file to generate a compacted file directly from the padded file.
1) Place a copy of the Join program in the same folder as your source padded file.
2) In DOS, navigate to the folder with the files.
3) Type Join, then press enter key.
4) Enter the code for the frame rate.
5) At the File 1 prompt, enter the PART 1 source file name, with extension.
6) At the File 2 prompt, enter the PART 2 source file name, with extension.
6) At the File 3 prompt, enter the word end (lower case).
7) Enter a new output file name.
8) Enter DVD frame size – 1006 for 754 kbps *.cpt files, 2013 for 1509 kbps *.cpt files, 2048 for padded *.dts files.
9) Enter sample rate - 48000.
10) Enter sample frame size - 512.
11) Enter time code trigger position for PART 1, the time code position where this source file starts. Get this information at the end of the *.prj file with the output file information.
11) Enter time code trigger position for PART 2, the time code position where this source file starts. Get this information at the end of the *.prj file with the output file information.
12) Enter the time code start position, where you need the output file to start from. At this point you may select to start from a point after the trigger point.
13) Enter the end time, where you want the output file to stop. At this point you may select to stop the file at a point earlier than the end of the source file.
It should be noted that on some versions of Microsoft NT a line entry bug occurs. The first typed letter will be ignored. Please watch the entry line to insure that your typing appears on the screen.
No problems exist with any other Microsoft operating systems.
DTS Encoding System User Information
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Further clarification in regards to the bitstream capture computer configuration is provided with in this notice.
•
The system must be equipped with separate system and data hard drives. The bitstream will be recorded to the separate data drive. A partitioned drive will not work efficiently and will probably cause dropouts while recording. There must be sufficient space for workspace and generated files. It is suggested that no smaller that a 4 GB drive be used. The drive should be rated for multimedia applications.
•
Only one sound card should be installed in the PC and it should not be sharing its
IRQ with another card.
•
Certain types of video cards can take over data transfers on the bus. If possible, an AGP video board should be used, as these do not rob resources from data transfers. If this is not possible and dropouts occur, the display should be set to its minimum performance setting (usually VGA).
•
All background programs need to be set to off. This includes virus scans, screen savers, etc.)
•
Frequently, in the CMOS setup, there is a switch that can be set for allowing or disallowing interrupts during writing. This should be set so that writing data to the hard disk is not interrupted. The wording for this varies machine to machine.
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