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EDS-828 Series User’s Manual
Third Edition, July 2010 www.moxa.com/product
© 2010 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
EDS-828 Series User’s Manual
The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that agreement.
Copyright Notice
Copyright ©2010 Moxa Inc.
All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
Trademarks
The MOXA logo is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.
All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of
Moxa.
Moxa provides this document as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this manual, or to the products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.
This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication.
Technical Support Contact Information
Moxa Americas
Toll-free: 1-888-669-2872
Tel:
Fax:
+1-714-528-6777
+1-714-528-6778
Moxa Europe
Tel: +49-89-3 70 03 99-0
Fax: +49-89-3 70 03 99-99
www.moxa.com/support
Moxa China (Shanghai office)
Toll-free: 800-820-5036
Tel:
Fax:
+86-21-5258-9955
+86-10-6872-3958
Moxa Asia-Pacific
Tel: +886-2-8919-1230
Fax: +886-2-8919-1231
Table of Contents
1
1.
Introduction
Welcome to the Moxa EtherDevice Switch EDS-828 Series, the modular managed Gigabit Ethernet Switch designed especially for connecting Ethernet-enabled devices in industrial field applications.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Recommended Software and Accessories
EDS-828 Series Introduction
Overview
The EDS-828 is a high-performance Layer 3 Ethernet switch designed for network routing. The improved hardware technology built into the EDS-828 replaces the software logic used by traditional routers, offering better performance, and making the switch ideal for large scale local area networks (LANs). In addition to Layer
3 features, the EDS-828 also supports Layer 2 management features, including QoS, IGMP snooping/GMRP,
VLAN, LACP, SNMPv1/v2c/v3, RMON, IEEE 802.1X, HTTPS, and SSH. In order to meet the demands of any industrial application, the EDS-828 uses a modular design that allows users to install up to 4 Gigabit Ethernet ports and 24 fast Ethernet ports, providing a high degree of flexibility for network expansion.
Package Checklist
Moxa’s EDS-828 is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or damaged, please contact your customer service representative for assistance.
• 1 Moxa EDS-828 modular switch system or Interface Module
• Hardware Installation Guide
• CD-ROM with User’s Manual and Windows Utility (for EDS-828 modular switch system only)
• Moxa Product Warranty booklet
• RJ45 to DB9 Console port cable
NOTE: Please notify your Moxa sales representative if any of the above items is missing or damaged.
Features
• Gigabit Ethernet Turbo Ring, Turbo Chain (< 20ms recovery time at full load) and STP/RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/D)
• Static routing, RIP V1/V2, and OSPF to move data between networks
• VRRP ensures redundant routing paths
• IEEE 1588 PTP (Precision Time Protocol) for precise time synchronization of networks
• DHCP Option 82 for IP address assignment for different policies
• Supports Modbus TCP for easy integration in HMI
• Supports LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol)
• Redundant Gigabit Turbo Ring, RSTP/STP (IEEE 802.1w/D), and Turbo Chain
• IGMP snooping and GMRP for filtering multicast traffic from industrial Ethernet protocols
• IEEE 802.1Q VLAN and GVRP protocol to ease network planning
• QoS-IEEE 802.1p/1Q and TOS/DiffServ to increase determinism
• Port Trunking for optimum bandwidth utilization
• IEEE 802.1X and https/SSL to enhance network security
• SNMP v1/v2c/v3 for different levels of network management
• RMON for efficient network monitoring and proactive capability
• Bandwidth management prevents unpredictab s
• Lock port function for blocking unauthorized access based on MAC address
• Port mirroring for online debugging
• Automatic warning by exception through e-mail, relay output
• Digital inputs for integrating sensors and alarms with IP networks
• Redundant, dual DC power inputs
• IP30, rugged high-strength case
• DIN-Rail or panel mounting capability
• Configurable by Web browser, Telnet/Serial console, Windows utility, and ABC-01 automatic backup configurator
1-2
EDS-828 Series Introduction
Recommended Software and Accessories
• EDS-SNMP OPC Server Pro
• DR-45-24, DR-75-24, DR-120-24 DIN-Rail 24 VDC Power Supply Series
• WK-32: Wall Mounting Kit
• ABC-01 (Auto Backup Configurator): Industrial RS-232, RJ45-based, automatic backup configurator.
• RK-4U: 4U-high 19-inch rack mounting kit
1-3
2
2.
Getting Started
This chapter explains how to access the EDS-828 for the first time. There are three ways to access the switch: serial console, Telnet console, and web browser. The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the EDS-828 to a PC’s COM port, can be used if you do not know the EDS-828’s IP address. The Telnet console and web browser connection methods can be used to access the EDS-828 over an
Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)
Configuration by Telnet Console
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
EDS-828 Series Getting Started
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8,
1, VT100)
NOTE Connection Caution!
1. You cannot connect to the EDS-828 simultaneously by serial console and Telnet.
2. You can connect to the EDS-828 simultaneously by web browser and serial console, or by web browser and Telnet.
However, we strongly suggest that you do NOT use more than one connection method at the same time.
Following this advice will allow you to maintain better control over the configuration of your EDS-828.
NOTE We recommend using Moxa PComm Terminal Emulator, which can be downloaded free of charge from Moxa’s website.
Before running PComm Terminal Emulator, use an RJ45 to DB9-F (or RJ45 to DB25-F) cable to connect the
EDS-828’s RS-232 Console port to your PC’s COM port (generally COM1 or COM2, depending on how your system is set up).
After installing PComm Terminal Emulator, take the following steps to access the RS-232 Console utility.
1. From the Windows desktop, click on Start Programs PCommLite1.3 Terminal Emulator.
2. Select Open under Port Manager to open a new connection.
2-2
EDS-828 Series Getting Started
3. The Communication Parameter page of the Property window opens. Select the appropriate COM port for Console Connection, 115200 for Baud Rate, 8 for Data Bits, None for Parity, and 1 for Stop Bits.
4. Click on the Terminal tab, and select VT100 for Terminal Type. Click on OK to continue.
5. Type 1 to select ansi/VT100 terminal type, and then press Enter.
6. The Console login screen will appear. Press Enter to open the Account pop-up selector and then select either admin or user. Use the keyboard’s down arrow to move the cursor to the Password field, enter the
Console Password (this is the same as the Web Browser password; leave the Password field blank if a console password has not been set), and then press Enter.
2-3
EDS-828 Series Getting Started
7. The EDS-828’s Main Menu will be displayed. (NOTE: To modify the appearance of the PComm Terminal
Emulator window, select Font… under the Edit menu, and then choose the desired formatting options.)
8. After entering the Main Menu, use the following keys to move the cursor, and to select options.
Key
Up/Down/Left/Right arrows, or Tab
Enter
Space
Esc
Function
Move the onscreen cursor
Display & select options
Toggle options
Previous Menu
Configuration by Telnet Console
You may use Telnet to access the EDS-828’s console utility over a network. To be able to access the EDS’s functions over the network (by Telnet or Web Browser) from a PC host that is connected to the same LAN as the
EDS-828, you need to make sure that the PC host and the EDS-828 are on the same logical subnetwork. To do this, check your PC host’s IP address and subnet mask. By default, the EDS-828’s IP address is
192.168.127.253 and the EDS-828’s subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (for a Class C network). If you do not change these values, and your PC host’s subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, then its IP address must have the form
192.168.127.xxx. On the other hand, if your PC host’s subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, then its IP address must have the form 192.168.127.xxx.
NOTE To use the EDS-828’s management and monitoring functions from a PC host connected to the same LAN as the EDS-828, you must make sure that the PC host and the EDS-828 are on the same logical subnetwork.
NOTE Before accessing the console utility via Telnet, first connect one of the EDS-828’s RJ45 Ethernet ports to your
Ethernet LAN, or directly to your PC’s Ethernet NIC. You can establish a connection with either a straight-through or cross-over Ethernet cable.
NOTE The EDS-828’s default IP is 192.168.127.253.
Follow the steps below to access the console utility via Telnet.
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EDS-828 Series Getting Started
1. Click on Start Run, and then telnet to the EDS-828’s IP address from the Windows Run window. (You may also issue the telnet command from the MS-DOS prompt.)
2. Type 1 to choose ansi/vt100, and then press Enter.
3. The Console login screen will appear. Press Enter to open the Account pop-up selector and then select either admin or user. Use the keyboard’s down arrow to move the cursor to the Password field, enter the
Console Password (this is the same as the Web Browser password; leave the Password field blank if a console password has not been set), and then press Enter.
NOTE The Telnet Console looks and operates in precisely the same manner as the RS-232 Console.
Configuration by Web Browser
The Moxa EDS-828’s web browser interface provides a convenient way to modify the switch’s configuration and access the built-in monitoring and network administration functions. The recommended web browser is
Microsoft Internet Explorer with JVM (Java Virtual Machine) installed.
NOTE To use the EDS-828’s management and monitoring functions from a PC host connected to the same LAN as the EDS-828, you must make sure that the PC host and the EDS-828 are on the same logical subnetwork.
NOTE If the EDS-828 is configured for other VLAN settings, you must make sure your PC host is on the management
VLAN. Refer to the “Configuring 802.1Q VLAN” in Chapter 3 for the VLAN settings.
NOTE Before accessing the EDS-828’s web browser interface, first connect one of its RJ45 Ethernet ports to your
Ethernet LAN, or directly to your PC’s Ethernet NIC. You can establish a connection with either a straight-through or cross-over Ethernet cable.
NOTE The EDS-828’s default IP is 192.168.127.253.
Follow the steps below to access the EDS-828’s web browser interface.
1. Open Internet Explorer and type the EDS-828’s IP address in the Address field. Press Enter to establish the connection.
2-5
EDS-828 Series Getting Started
2. The web login page will open. Select the login account (Admin or User) and enter the Password (this is the same as the Console password), and then click Login to continue. Leave the Password field blank if a password has not been set.
NOTE By default, the EDS-828’s password is not set (i.e., is blank).
You may need to wait a few moments for the web page to be downloaded to your computer. Use the menu tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each of the Moxa EtheDevice Switch’s functions.
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
If you are connecting the EDS-828 to a public network, but do not intend to use its management functions over the network, then we suggest disabling both Telnet Console and Web Configuration from the RS-232
Console’s Basic Settings System Identification page, as shown in the following figure.
2-6
3
3.
Featured Functions
This chapter explains how to access the EDS-828’s various configuration, monitoring, and administration functions. There are three ways to access these functions: RS-232 console, Telnet console, and web browser.
The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the EDS-828 to a
PC’s COM port, can be used if you do not know IP address for the EDS-828. The Telnet console and web browser connection methods can be used to access the EDS-828 over an Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.
The Web Console is the most user-friendly way to configure the EDS-828. In this chapter, we use the Web
Console interface to introduce the functions. There are only a few differences between the Web Console, Serial
Console, and Telnet Console.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Using Communication Redundancy
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Overview
A brief description of each function group of your EDS-828 is shown on the Overview web page.
Configuring Basic Settings
The Basic Settings group includes the most commonly used settings required by administrators to maintain and control the EDS-828.
System Identification
The system identification items are displayed at the top of the web page, and will be included in alarm emails.
Setting system identification items makes it easier to identify the different switches connected to your network.
3-2
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Switch Name
Setting
Max. 30 Characters
Description
This option is useful for specifying the role or application of different EDS-828 units.
E.g., Factory Switch 1.
Factory Default
Industrial
Redundant Switch
[Serial No. of this switch]
Switch Location
Setting
Max. 80 Characters
Description
To specify the location of different EDS-828 units. E.g., production line 1.
Factory Default
Switch Location
Switch Description
Setting
Max. 30 Characters
Description
Use this space to record a more a detailed description of the
EDS-828 unit.
Factory Default
None
Maintainer Contact Info
Setting
Max. 30 Characters
Description
To provide information about whom to contact in order to resolve problems. Use this space to record contact information of the person responsible for maintaining this EDS-828.
Factory Default
None
Web Configuration
Setting
Disable http or https https only
Description
Both https and https web consoles are disabled
Both https and https web consoles are enabled
Only https console is enabled
Factory Default http or https
Web Auto-logout (s)
Setting
0
60 to 86400
Description
Disable web console auto-logout function
Web console will auto log out in the specified time
Age Time (s)
Setting
15 to 3825
Description
Time for MAC address to flush out
Factory Default
0
Factory Default
0
The Age Time is the number of seconds a MAC address will be kept in the forwarding database after it receives a packet from this MAC address. The entries in the forwarding database are periodically timed out to ensure they won't stay around forever. This number is changeable for your application. Setting the Age Time to zero makes all entries permanent.
3-3
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Password
The EDS-828 provides two levels of access privilege:
admin privilege gives read/write access of all
EDS-828 configuration parameters, and user privilege provides read access only. You will be able to view the configuration, but will not be able to make modifications.
ATTENTION
The EDS-828’s default Password is not set (i.e., is blank). If a Password is already set, then you will be required to type the Password when logging into either the RS-232 Console, Telnet Console, or Web Browser interface.
Account
Setting admin user
Description
“admin” privilege allows the user to modify all EDS-828 configurations.
“user” privilege only allows viewing the EDS-828 configurations.
Factory Default admin
Password
Setting
Old Password
(Max. 16 Characters)
New Password
(Max. 16 Characters)
Description
Type current password when changing the password
Type new password when changing the password
Retype Password (Max.
16 Characters)
If you type a new password in the Password field, you will be required to retype the password in the Retype new password field before updating the new password.
Factory Default
None
None
None
3-4
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Accessible IP
The EDS-828 uses an IP address-based filtering method to control access to EDS-828 units.
Accessible IP Settings allows you to add or remove “Legal” remote host IP addresses to prevent unauthorized access. Access to the EDS-828 is controlled by IP address. That is, if a host’s IP address is in the accessible IP table, then the host will be allowed access to the EDS-828. You can allow one of the following cases by setting this parameter:
• Only one host with the specified IP address can access the EDS-828
E.g., enter “192.168.1.1/255.255.255.255” to allow access to just the IP address 192.168.1.1.
• Any host on a specific subnetwork can access the EDS-828
E.g., enter “192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0” to allow access to all IPs on the subnetwork defined by this IP address/subnet mask combination.
• Any host can access the EDS-828
Disable this function by not checkmarking the “Enable the accessible IP list” checkbox.
The following table shows additional configuration examples:
Allowable Hosts
Any host
192.168.1.120
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254
192.168.0.1 to 192.168.255.254
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.126
192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254
Input format
Disable
192.168.1.120 / 255.255.255.255
192.168.1.0 / 255.255.255.0
192.168.0.0 / 255.255.0.0
192.168.1.0 / 255.255.255.128
192.168.1.128 / 255.255.255.128
Port
Port settings are included to give the user control over Port Access, Port Transmission Speed, Flow Control, and Port Type (MDI or MDIX). An explanation of each configuration item is given below.
3-5
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Enable
Setting checked unchecked
Description
Allows data transmission through the port.
Immediately shuts off port access.
Factory Default enabled
Description
Setting
Media type
Name
Setting
Max. 63 Characters
Description
Displays the media type for each module’s port
Factory Default
N/A
Description
Specify an alias for each port, and assist the administrator in remembering important information about the port.
E.g., PLC 1
Factory Default
None
Port Transmission Speed
Setting
Auto
100M-Full
100M-Half
10M-Full
10M-Half
Description
Allows the port to use the IEEE 802.3u protocol to negotiate with connected devices. The port and connected devices will determine the best speed for that connection.
Choose one of these fixed speed options if the opposing
Ethernet device has trouble auto-negotiating for line speed.
FDX Flow Control
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
Enables flow control for this port when in auto-nego mode.
Disables flow control for this port when in auto-nego mode.
Factory Default
Disable
This “FDX Flow Control” setting enables or disables the flow control capability of this port when the “port transmission speed” setting is in “auto” mode. The final result will be determined by the “auto” process between the EDS-828 and connected devices.
MDI/MDIX
Setting
Auto
MDI
MDIX
Description
Allows the port to auto detect the port type of the opposing
Ethernet device and change the port type accordingly.
Choose the MDI or MDIX option if the opposing Ethernet device has trouble auto-negotiating for port type.
Factory Default
Auto-nego
Factory Default
Auto
3-6
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Network
The Network configuration allows users to modify the usual TCP/IP network parameters. An explanation of each configuration item is given below.
Auto IP Configuration
Setting
Disable
By DHCP
By BootP
Description Factory Default
Set up the EDS-828’s IP address manually.
The EDS-828’s IP address will be assigned automatically by the
Disable network’s DHCP server.
The EDS-828’s IP address will be assigned automatically by the network’s BootP server.
Switch IP Address
Setting
IP Address of the
EDS-828
Description
Identifies the EDS-828 on a TCP/IP network.
Switch Subnet Mask
Setting
Subnet mask of the
EDS-828
Description
Identifies the type of network to which the EDS-828 is connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, or
255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).
Factory Default
192.168.127.253
Factory Default
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway
Setting
Default Gateway of the
EDS-828
Description
The IP address of the router that connects the LAN to an outside network.
Factory Default
None
DNS IP Address
Setting
1st DNS Server’s
IP Address
2nd DNS Server’s
IP Address
Description
The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. After entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can input the
EDS-828’s url (e.g., www.eds.company.com) in your browser’s address field, instead of entering the IP address.
The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. The
EDS-828 will try to locate the 2nd DNS Server if the 1st DNS
Server fails to connect.
Factory Default
None
None
3-7
EDS-828 Series
Time
Featured Functions
NOTE
The EDS-828 has a time calibration function based on information from an NTP server or user specified Time and Date information. Functions such as Auto warning “Email” can add real-time information to the message.
The EDS-828 does not have a real time clock. The user must update the Current Time and Current Date to set the initial time for the EDS-828 after each reboot, especially when the network doesn’t have an Internet connection for NTP server or there is no NTP server on the LAN.
Current Time
Setting Description
User adjustable time. The time parameter allows configuration of the local time in local 24-hour format.
Current Date
Setting Description
User adjustable date. The date parameter allows configuration of the local date in yyyy-mm-dd format.
Factory Default
None (hh:mm:ss)
Factory Default
None
(yyyy/mm/dd)
Daylight Saving Time
Daylight saving time (also know as DST or summer time) involves advancing clocks (usually 1 hour) during the summer time to provide an extra hour of daylight in the afternoon.
Start Date
Setting Description
User adjustable date. The Start Date parameter allows users to enter the date that daylight saving time begins.
Factory Default
None
End Date
Setting Description
User adjustable date. The End Date parameter allows users to enter the date that daylight saving time ends.
Factory Default
None
Offset
Setting Description
User adjustable date. The offset parameter indicates how many hours forward the clock should be advanced.
Factory Default
None
3-8
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
System Up Time
Indicates the EDS-828’s up time from the last cold start. The unit is seconds.
Time Zone
Setting
User selectable time zone
Description Factory Default
The time zone setting allows conversion from GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time) to local time.
GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time)
NOTE Changing the time zone will automatically correct the current time. You should configure the time zone before setting the time.
Time Server IP/Name
Setting
1st Time Server
IP/Name
2nd Time Server
IP/Name
Description
IP or Domain address (e.g., 192.168.1.1 or time.stdtime.gov.tw or time.nist.gov).
The EDS-828 will try to locate the 2nd NTP Server if the 1st NTP
Server fails to connect.
Factory Default
None
Time Server Query Period
Setting
Query Period
Description Factory Default
This parameter determines how frequently the time is updated from the NTP server.
600 seconds
IEEE 1588 PTP
The following information is taken from the NIST website at http://ieee1588.nist.gov/intro.htm:
Time measurement can be accomplished using the IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization
Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems (IEEE 1588-2008) to synchronize real-time clocks incorporated within each component of the electrical power system for power automation applications.
IEEE 1588, which was published in November 2002, expands the performance capabilities of Ethernet networks to control systems that operate over a communication network. In recent years an increasing number of electrical power systems have been using a more distributed architecture with network technologies that have less stringent timing specifications. IEEE 1588 generates a master-slave relationship between the clocks, and enforces the specific timing requirements in such power systems. All devices ultimately get their time from a clock known as the grandmaster clock. In its basic form, the protocol is intended to be administration free.
How Does an Ethernet Switch Affect 1588 Synchronization?
The following content is taken from the NIST website at http://ieee1588.nist.gov/switch.htm:
An Ethernet switch potentially introduces multi-microsecond fluctuations in the latency between the 1588 grandmaster clock and a 1588 slave clock. Uncorrected these fluctuations will cause synchronization errors.
The magnitude of these fluctuations depend on the design of the Ethernet switch and the details of the communication traffic. Experiments with prototype implementations of IEEE 1588 indicate that with suitable care the effect of these fluctuations can be successfully managed. For example, use of appropriate statistics in the 1588 devices to recognized significant fluctuations and use suitable averaging techniques in the algorithms controlling the correction of the local 1588 clock will be the good design means to achieve the highest time accuracy.
3-9
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Can Ethernet switches be designed to avoid the effects of these fluctuations?
A switch may be designed to support IEEE 1588 to avoide the effects of queuing. In this case two modifications to the usual design of an Ethernet switch are necessary:
• The Boundary Clock functionality defined by IEEE 1588 must be implemented in the switch, and
• The switch must be configured such that it does not pass IEEE 1588 message traffic using the normal communication mechanisms of the switch.
Such an Ethernet switch will synchronize clocks directly connected to one of its ports to the highest possible accuracy.
PTP Setting
Operation IEEE 1588/PTP
Setting
Operation
Description
Disable or enable IEEE 1588(PTP) operation
3-10
Factory Default
Disable
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Configuration IEEE 1588/PTP
Setting
Clock Mode
Sync Interval
Sub-domain Name
Description
Support software-based IEEE 1588(PTP) mode
Period for sending synchronization message (in seconds)
Support _DFLT(Default) domain only
Factory Default
Disable
Disable
_DFLT
Status
Setting
Clock Stratum
Description
Offset To Master (nsec) Deviation between local time and the reference clock (in nanoseconds).
Grandmaster UUID When the clock has a port in PTP_SLAVE state, this member’s value is the value of the grand master clock's Uuid field of the
Parent UUID last Sync message received from the parent of the slave port.
When the clock has a port in PTP_SLAVE state, this member’s value is the value of the source-Uuid field of the last Sync message received from the parent of the slave port.
Clock Identifier
Factory Default
The stratum number describes one measure of the quality of a clock. Each clock is characterized by a stratum number used by
4 the best master clock algorithm as one parameter of clock quality.
Properties of the clock. DFLT
PTP Port Settings
Setting
Port Enable
Port Status
Description
Enable or disable PTP port operation.
Display PTP port real status.
Factory Default
None
PTP_DISABLED
System File Update—By Remote TFTP
The EDS-828 supports saving your configuration file to a remote TFTP server or local host to allow other
EDS-828 switches to use the same configuration at a later time, or saving the Log file for future reference.
Loading pre-saved firmware or a configuration file from the TFTP server or local host is also supported for easy upgrading or configuration of the EDS-828.
TFTP Server IP/Name
Setting
IP Address of TFTP
Server
Description
The IP or name of the remote TFTP server. Must be set up before downloading or uploading files.
Factory Default
None
3-11
EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Configuration file path and name
Setting
Max. 40 Characters
Description
The path and file name of the EDS-828’s configuration file in the TFTP server.
Factory Default
None
Firmware file path and name
Setting
Max. 40 Characters
Description
The path and file name of the EDS-828’s firmware file.
Log file path and name
Setting
Max. 40 Characters
Description
The path and file name of the EDS-828’s log file
Factory Default
None
Factory Default
None
After setting up the desired path and file name, click on Activate to save the setting, and then click on
Download to download the prepared file from the remote TFTP server, or click on Upload to upload the desired file to the remote TFTP server.
System File Update—By Local Import/Export
NOTE
Configuration File
To export the configuration file of this EDS-828, click on Export to save it to the local host.
Log File
To export the Log file of this EDS-828, click on Export and save it to the local host.
Some operating systems will open the configuration file and log file directly in the web page. In such cases, right click on the “Export” button to save a file.
Upgrade Firmware
To import the firmware file of this EDS-828, click on Browse to select the firmware file already saved on your computer. The upgrade procedure will proceed automatically after clicking on Import.
Upload Configure Data
To import the configuration file of this EDS-828, click on Browse to select the configuration file already saved on your computer. The upgrade procedure will proceed automatically after clicking on Import.
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EDS-828 Series
System File Update—By Backup Media
Featured Functions
Auto load system configurations when system boots up
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description Factory Default
Enables Auto load system configurations when system boots up Enable
Disables Auto load system configurations when system boots up
Save the current configurations to ABC
To export the current configuration file of the EDS-828, click on Save to save it to the ABC.
Load the ABC’s configurations to the Switch
To import the configuration file of the EDS-828, click on Load to load it to the Switch
Restart
This function is used to restart the Moxa EtherDevice Switch
Factory Default
NOTE
The Factory Default function is included to give users a quick way of restoring the EDS-828’s configuration settings to their factory default values. This function is available in the Console utility (serial or Telnet) and Web
Browser interface.
After activating the Factory Default function, you will need to use the default network settings to re-establish a web-browser or Telnet connection with your EDS-828.
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Using Port Trunking
Link Aggregation allows one or more links to be aggregated together to form a Link Aggregation Group. A MAC client can treat Link Aggregation Groups as if they were a single link.
The EDS-828’s Port Trunking feature allows devices to communicate by aggregating up to four links in parallel,
with a maximum of eight ports for each link. If one of the eight ports fails, the other seven ports will provide back up and share the traffic automatically.
Port trunking can be used to combine up to eight ports between two EDS-828 switches. If all ports on both switch units are configured as 100BASE-TX and they are operating in full duplex, the potential bandwidth of the connection will be 1600 Mbps.
The Port Trunking Concept
The EDS-828 allows a maximum of 4 trunk groups, with a maximum of 8 trunk ports for each trunk group. You can configure the trunk group to be “Static” or “LACP.” Once the trunk group is set to “LACP,” all of the ports making up that group will be set to LACP enabled. The ports in the “Static” trunk groups, and all the non-trunk ports that do not belong to any trunk group, will be set to LACP disabled. When the port is set to LACP enabled, it will exchange LACP PDU with its link partner, and will result in “Forwarding.” If all of the ports in the same group are “Blocked” or “Disabled” or “Down” (link-down), the trunk group will not work, and the user will see
“LACP Failed” for that trunk group in the user interface.
Port Trunking applies to connections between backbone devices as well as to connections in other network areas where traffic bottlenecks exist. Port Trunking provides the following benefits:
• Gives you more flexibility in setting up your network connections, since the bandwidth of a link can be expanded to 8 times the original bandwidth.
• Load sharing—MAC Client traffic may be distributed across multiple links.
Keep the following points in mind when configuring port trunking:
• To avoid broadcast storms or loops in your network while configuring a trunk, first disable or disconnect all ports that you want to add to the trunk or remove from the trunk. After you finish configuring the trunk, enable or re-connect the ports.
• Up to 4 port trunking groups (designated Trk1, Trk2, Trk3, Trk4) can be used for each EDS-828.
• Up to 8 ports can be inserted into each port trunk group. The EDS-828 allows a maximum of 4 “Standby” ports for each LACP trunk group. In another words, a maximum of 12 ports can belong to each LACP trunk group.
• The same transmission speed must be assigned to all ports belonging to one port trunking group. E.g.,
100M Full, 100M Half, 10M Full, or 10M Half. The auto-negotiation function should be disabled for these ports.
• Full duplex operation only—Link Aggregation is supported only on point-to-point links with MACs operating in full duplex mode.
• Multipoint Aggregations—The mechanisms specified in this clause do not support aggregations among more than two systems.
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
When you activate port trunking settings, some advanced functions will either be set to factory default values, or disabled:
• Port stat, such as transmitting speed, duplex, and flow control will be set to the factory defaults.
• Communication Redundancy will be set to the factory default.
• 802.1Q VLAN will be set to the factory default and will be disabled.
• Multicast Filtering will be set to the factory default.
• Port Lock will be set to the factory default and will be disabled.
• Set Device IP will be set to the factory default
• Mirror Port will be set to the factory default and will be disabled.
Configuring Port Trunking
The Port Trunking Settings page is used to assign ports to a Trunk Group.
Step 1: Select Trk1, Trk2, Trk3, or Trk 4 from the Trunk Group drop-down box.
Step 2: Select Static or LACP from the Trunk Type drop-down box.
Step 3: Under Member Ports and Available Ports, checkmark to select specific ports.
Step 4: Use the Up / Down buttons to add/remove designated ports to/from a trunk group.
Trunk Group (Maximum of 4 trunk groups)
Setting Description
Trk1, Trk2, Trk3, Trk4 Display or designate the Trunk Type and Member Ports for
Trunk Group 1, 2, 3, or 4.
Factory Default
Trk1
Trunk Type
Setting
Static
LACP
Description
Designated Moxa proprietary trunking protocol
Designated LACP (IEEE 802.3ad, Link Aggregation Control
Protocol)
Member Ports/Available Ports
Setting
Member/Available
Ports
Check box
Port
Description
Use Up/Down buttons to add/remove specific ports from available ports to/from trunk group.
Check to designate which ports to add or remove.
Port number
Factory Default
Static
Static
Factory Default
N/A
Unchecked
N/A
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EDS-828 Series
Port description
Name
Speed
FDX Flow Control
Up
Down
Featured Functions
Displays the media type for each module’s port
Max. 63 Characters
Indicates the transmission speed (100M-Full, 100M-Half,
10M-Full, or 10M-Half)
Indicates if the FDX flow control of this port is “Enabled” or
“Disabled.”
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Add designated ports into trunk group from available ports. N/A
Remove designated ports from trunk group to available port. N/A
Trunk Table
Setting
Trunk Group
Member Port
Status
Description
Displays the Trunk Type and Trunk Group.
Display which member ports belong to the trunk group.
Success means port trunking is working properly.
Fail means port trunking is not working properly.
Configuring SNMP
The EDS-828 supports SNMP V1/V2c/V3. SNMP V1 and SNMP V2c use a community string match for authentication, which means that SNMP servers access all objects with read-only or read/write permissions using the community string public/private (default value). SNMP V3, which requires you to select an authentication level of MD5 or SHA, is the most secure protocol. You can also enable data encryption to enhance data security.
SNMP security modes and security levels supported by the EDS-828 are shown in the following table. Select the security mode and level that will be used to communicate between the SNMP agent and manager.
Protocol
Version
SNMP
V1, V2c
UI Setting Authentication
Type
V1, V2c Read
Community
Community string
Data
Encryption
No
V1, V2c
Write/Read
Community
SNMP V3 No-Auth
Community string
No
MD5 or SHA Authentication based on MD5 or
SHA
No
No
No
MD5 or SHA Authentication based on MD5 or
SHA
Data encryption key
Method
Use a community string match for authentication
Use a community string match for authentication
Use account with admin or user to access objects
Provides authentication based on HMAC-MD5, or
HMAC-SHA algorithms. 8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for authentication.
Provides authentication based on HMAC-MD5 or
HMAC-SHA algorithms, and data encryption key.
8-character passwords and a data encryption key are the minimum requirements for authentication and encryption.
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These parameters are configured on the SNMP page. A more detailed explanation of each parameter is given below the figure.
SNMP Read/Write Settings
SNMP Versions
Setting
V1, V2c, V3, or
V1, V2c, or
V3 only
Description Factory Default
Select the SNMP protocol version used to manage the switch. V1, V2c
V1, V2c Read Community
Setting
V1, V2c Read
Community
Description
Use a community string match with a maximum of 30 characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP agent accesses all objects with read-only permissions using the community string public.
Factory Default public
V1, V2c Write/Read Community
Setting
V1, V2c Read/Write
Community
Description
Uses a community string match with a maximum of 30 characters for authentication. This means that SNMP servers access all objects with read/write permissions using the community string private.
Factory Default private
For SNMP V3, there are two levels of privilege for different accounts to access the EDS-828. Admin privilege allows access, and authorization to read and write the MIB file. User privilege only allows reading the MIB file, but not authorization to write.
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Admin Auth. Type (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting
No-Auth
MD5-
Auth
SHA-
Auth
Description
Use admin. account to access objects.
No authentication
Provide authentication based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for authentication.
Provide authentication based on the HMAC-SHA algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for authentication.
Factory Default
No
No
No
Admin Data Encryption Key (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
8-character data encryption key is the minimum requirement for data encryption (maximum of 30 characters)
No data encryption
Factory Default
No
No
User Auth. Type (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3 and V3 only)
Setting
No-Auth
MD5-Auth
SHA-Auth
Description
Use admin account or user account to access objects. No authentication.
Provides authentication based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for authentication.
Provides authentication based on the HMAC-SHA algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for authentication.
Factory Default
No
No
No
User Data Encryption Key (for SNMP V1, V2c, V3 and V3 only)
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
8-character data encryption key is the minimum requirement for data encryption (maximum of 30 characters)
No data encryption
Factory Default
No
No
Trap Settings
SNMP Trap Mode
In Trap mode, the SNMP agent sends a SNMPv1 trap PDU to the NMS. No acknowledgment is sent back from the NMS so the agent has no way of knowing if the trap reached the NMS.
SNMP Inform Mode
SNMPv2 provides an inform mechanism. When an inform message is sent from the SNMP agent to the NMS, the receiver sends a response to the sender acknowledging receipt of the event. This behavior is similar to that of the get and set request. If the SNMP agent doesn’t receive a response from the NMS for a period of time, the
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions agent will resend the trap to the NMS agent. The maximum timeout time is 300 seconds (default is 1 second), and the maximum number of retries is 99 times (default is 1 time). When the SNMP agent receives acknowledgement from the NMS, it will stop resending the inform messages.
Trap Server IP/Name
Setting
IP or Name
Description
Enter the IP address or name of the Trap Server used by your network.
Factory Default
None
Trap Community
Setting character string
Description
Use a community string match for authentication (maximum of
30 characters).
Factory Default public
Inform Mode Select
Setting
Retries
Time out
Description
Enter Inform Retry number
Enter Inform Timeout window
Factory Default
1
1
Private MIB information
Switch Object ID
Setting
8691.7.14
Description
The EDS-828’s enterprise value
NOTE: The Switch Object ID cannot be changed.
Factory Default
Fixed
Using Communication Redundancy
Setting up Communication Redundancy on your network helps protect critical links against failure, protects against network loops, and keeps network downtime at a minimum.
The Communication Redundancy function allows the user to set up redundant loops in the network to provide a backup data transmission route in the event that a cable is inadvertently disconnected or damaged. This feature is particularly important for industrial applications, since it could take several minutes to locate the disconnected or severed cable. For example, if the EDS-828 is used as a key communications component of a production line, several minutes of downtime could result in a big loss in production and revenue. The EDS-828 supports three different protocols to support this communication redundancy function—Rapid Spanning
Tree/ Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1w/1D), Turbo Ring, and Turbo Ring V2.
When configuring a redundant ring, all switches on the same ring must be configured to use the same redundancy protocol. You cannot mix the “Turbo Ring,” “Turbo Ring V2,” and STP/RSTP protocols on the same ring. The following table lists the key differences between each feature. Use this information to evaluate the benefits of each, and then determine which features are most suitable for your network.
Topology
Recovery
Time
Turbo Ring V2
Ring
< 20 ms
Turbo Ring
Ring
< 300 ms
Turbo Chain
Chain
< 20 ms
STP
Ring, Mesh
RSTP
Ring, Mesh
Up to 30 seconds Up to 5 seconds
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
NOTE Most of Moxa’s managed switches now support two proprietary Turbo Ring protocols:
1. “Turbo Ring” refers to the original version of Moxa’s proprietary redundant ring protocol, which has a recovery time of under 300 ms.
2. “Turbo Ring V2” refers to the new generation Turbo Ring, which has a recovery time of under 20 ms.
In this manual, we use the terminology “Turbo Ring” ring and “Turbo Ring V2” ring to differentiate between rings configured for one or the other of these protocols.
Gigabit Ethernet Redundant Ring Capability (< 50 ms)
Ethernet has become the default data communications medium for industrial automation applications. In fact,
Ethernet is often used to integrate video, voice, and high-rate industrial application data transfers into one network. The EDS-828, which comes equipped with a redundant Gigabit Ethernet protocol called Gigabit Turbo
Ring, gives system maintainers a convenient means of setting up a versatile yet stable Gigabit Ethernet network. With Gigabit Turbo Ring, if any segment of the network gets disconnected, your automation system will be back to normal in less than 300 ms (Turbo Ring) or 50 ms (Turbo Ring V2).
The Turbo Ring Concept
The Turbo Ring and Turbo Ring V2 protocols identify one switch as the master of the network, and then automatically block packets from traveling through any of the network’s redundant loops. In the event that one branch of the ring gets disconnected from the rest of the network, the protocol automatically readjusts the ring so that the part of the network that was disconnected can reestablish contact with the rest of the network.
Initial Setup of a “Turbo Ring” or “Turbo Ring V2” ring.
For each switch in the ring select any two ports as the redundant ports.
Connect redundant ports on neighboring switches to form the redundant ring.
The user does not need to configure any of the switches as the master to use Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2. If none of the switches in the ring is configured as the master, then the protocol will automatically assign master status to one of the switches. In fact, the master is only used to identify which segment in the redundant ring acts as the backup path. In the following subsections, we explain how the redundant path is selected for rings configured for Turbo Ring, and Turbo Ring V2.
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Determining the Redundant Path of a “Turbo Ring” Ring
In this case, the redundant segment (i.e., the segment that will be blocked during normal operation) is determined by the number of EDS-828 units that make up the ring, and where the ring master is located.
“Turbo Ring” rings with an even number of EDS-828 units.
If there are 2N EDS-828 units (an even number) in the
“Turbo Ring” ring, then the backup segment is one of the two segments connected to the (N+1)st EDS-828
(i.e., the EDS-828 unit directly opposite the master).
“Turbo Ring” rings with an odd number of EDS-828 units.
If there are 2N+1 EDS-828 units (an odd number) in the
“Turbo Ring” ring, with EDS-828 units and segments labeled counterclockwise, then segment N+1 will serve as the backup path.
For the example shown here, N=1, so that N+1=2.
Determining the Redundant Path of a “Turbo Ring V2” Ring.
For a “Turbo Ring V2” ring, the backup segment is the segment connected to the 2nd redundant port on the master.
See Configuring “Turbo Ring V2” in the Configuring
“Turbo Ring” and “Turbo Ring V2” section below.
Ring Coupling Configuration
For some systems, it may not be convenient to connect all devices in the system to create one BIG redundant ring, since some devices could be located in a remote area. For these systems, “Ring Coupling” can be used to separate the devices into different smaller redundant rings, but in such a way that they can still communicate with each other.
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
ATTENTION
In a VLAN environment, you must set “Redundant Port,” “Coupling Port,” and “Coupling Control Port” as
“Trunk Port,” since these ports act as the “backbone” to transmit all packets of different VLANs to different
EDS-828 units.
Ring Coupling for a “Turbo Ring” Ring.
To configure the Ring Coupling function for a “Turbo Ring” ring, select two EDS-828 units (e.g., Switch A and
B in the above figure) in the ring, and another two EDS-828 units in the adjacent ring (e.g., Switch C and D).
Decide which two ports in each switch are appropriate to be used as coupling ports, and then link them together.
Next, assign one switch (e.g., Switch A) to be the “coupler,” and connect the coupler’s coupling control port with Switch B (for this example). The coupler switch (i.e., Switch A) will monitor switch B through the coupling control port to determine whether or not the coupling port’s backup path should be recovered.
Ring Coupling for a “Turbo Ring V2” Ring.
Note that the ring coupling settings for a “Turbo Ring V2” ring are different from a “Turbo Ring” ring. For Turbo
Ring V2, Ring Coupling is enabled by configuring the “Coupling Port (Primary)” on Switch B, and the “Coupling
Port (Backup)” on Switch A only. You do not need to set up a coupling control port, so that a “Turbo Ring V2” ring does not use a coupling control line.
The “Coupling Port (Backup)” on Switch A is used for the backup path, and connects directly to an extra network port on Switch C. The “Coupling Port (Primary)” on Switch B monitors the status of the main path, and connects directly to an extra network port on Switch D. With ring coupling established, Switch A can activate the backup path as soon as it detects a problem with the main path.
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
ATTENTION
Ring Coupling only needs to be enabled on one of the switches serving as the Ring Coupler. The Coupler must designate different ports as the two Turbo Ring ports and the coupling port.
NOTE You do not need to use the same EDS-828 unit for both Ring Coupling and Ring Master.
Dual-Ring Configuration (applies only to “Turbo Ring V2”)
The “dual-ring” option provides another ring coupling configuration, in which two adjacent rings share one switch. This type of configuration is ideal for applications that have inherent cabling difficulties.
Daul-Ring for a “Turbo Ring V2” Ring.
Dual-Homing Configuration (applies only to “Turbo Ring V2”)
The “dual-homing” option uses a single Ethernet switch to connect two networks. The primary path is the operating connection, and the backup path is a back-up connection that is activated in the event that the primary path connection fails.
Dual-Homing for a “Turbo Ring V2” Ring.
Configuring “Turbo Ring” and “Turbo Ring V2”
Use the Communication Redundancy page to configure select “Turbo Ring” or “Turbo Ring V2.” Note that configuration pages for these two protocols are different.
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EDS-828 Series
Configuring “Turbo Ring”
Featured Functions
NOTE
Explanation of “Current Status” Items
Now Active
Shows which communication protocol is in use: Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, RSTP, or none.
Master/Slave
Indicates whether or not this EDS-828 is the Master of the Turbo Ring. (This field appears only when selected to operate in Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 mode.)
The user does not need to set the master to use Turbo Ring. If no master is set, the Turbo Ring protocol will assign master status to one of the EDS-828 units in the ring. The master is only used to determine which segment serves as the backup path.
Redundant Port Status (1st Port, 2nd Port)
Ring Coupling Ports Status (coupling Port, Coupling Control Port)
The “Ports Status” indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission, Blocking if this port is connected to a backup path and the path is blocked, and Link down if there is no connection.
Explanation of “Settings” Items
Redundancy Protocol
Setting
Turbo Ring
Turbo Ring V2
Description Factory Default
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page. RSTP (IEEE
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration 802.1w/1D) (No
Page. ports are enabled.)
RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page.
Set as Master
Setting
Enable/Disable
Disabled
Description
Select this EDS-828 as Master
Do not select this EDS-828 as Master.
Factory Default
Not checked.
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Redundant Ports
Setting
1st Port
2nd Port
Description
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be one of the redundant ports.
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be one of the redundant ports.
Enable Ring Coupling
Setting
Enable/Disable
Disable
Description
Select this EDS-828 as Coupler
Do not select this EDS-828 as coupler.
Coupling Ports
Setting
Coupling Port
Description
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be the coupling port
Coupling Control Port
Setting Description
Coupling Control Port Select any port of the EDS-828 to be the coupling port
Factory Default
1-1
1-2
Factory Default
Not checked.
Factory Default
1-3
Factory Default
1-4
Configuring “Turbo Ring V2”
NOTE When using the Dual-Ring architecture, users must configure settings for both Ring 1 and Ring 2. In this case, the status of both rings will appear under “Current Status.”
Explanation of “Current Status” Items
Now Active
Shows which communication protocol is in use: Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, RSTP, or none.
Ring 1/2—Status
Shows Healthy if the ring is operating normally, and shows Break if the ring’s backup link is active.
Ring 1/2—Master/Slave
Indicates whether or not this EDS-828 is the Master of the Turbo Ring. (This field appears only when selected to operate in Turbo Ring or Turbo Ring V2 mode.)
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
NOTE The user does not need to set the master to use Turbo Ring. If no master is set, the Turbo Ring protocol will assign master status to one of the EDS-828 units in the ring. The master is only used to determine which segment serves as the backup path.
Ring 1/2—1st Ring Port Status
Ring 1/2—2nd Ring Port Statu
The “Ports Status” indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission, Blocking if this port is connected to a backup path and the path is blocked, and Link down if there is no connection.
Coupling—Mode
Indicates either None, Dual Homing, or Ring Coupling.
Coupling—Coupling Port status
Indicates either Primary, or Backup.
Explanation of “Settings” Items
Redundancy Protocol
Setting
Turbo Ring
Turbo Ring V2
RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Description Factory Default
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page. RSTP (IEEE
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration
Page.
802.1w/1D) (No ports are enabled.)
Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page.
Enable Ring 1
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
Enable the Ring 1 settings
Disable the Ring 1 settings
Factory Default
Checked.
Enable Ring 2*
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
Enable the Ring 2 settings
Disable the Ring 2 settings
*You should enable both Ring 1 and Ring 2 when using the Dual-Ring architecture.
Set as Master
Setting
Enable
Disable
Redundant Ports
Setting
1st Port
2nd Port
Description
Select this EDS-828 as Master
Do not select this EDS-828 as Master
Description
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be one of the redundant ports.
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be one of the redundant ports.
Factory Default
Not checked.
Factory Default
Not checked.
Factory Default
Ring 1: 1st port of last IM module
Ring 2: not defined**
Ring 1:2nd port of last IM module
Ring 2: not defined**
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EDS-828 Series Featured Functions
Enable Ring Coupling
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
Select this EDS-828 as Coupler
Do not select this EDS-828 as Coupler
Coupling Mode
Setting
Dual Homing
Description
Select this item to change to the Dual Homing configuration page.
Ring Coupling (backup) Select this item to change to the Ring Coupling (backup) configuration page.
Factory Default
Not checked
Factory Default
Primary Port: not defined**
Backup Port: not defined**
Coupling Port: not defined**
Ring Coupling
(primary)
Select this item to change to the Ring Coupling (primary) configuration page
Coupling Port: not defined**
Primary/Backup Port
Setting
Primary Port
Backup Port
Description
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be the primary ports.
Select any port of the EDS-828 to be the backup port.
Factory Default not defined** not defined**
**You should manually adjust this port to another available port before enabling the architecture.
The Turbo Chain Concept
Moxa’s Turbo Chain is an advanced software-technology that gives network administrators the flexibility of constructing any type of redundant network topology. When using the “chain” concept, you first connect the
Ethernet switches in a chain and then simply link the two ends of the chain to an Ethernet network, as illustrated in the following figure.
Turbo Chain can be used on industrial networks that have a complex topology. If the industrial network uses a multi-ring architecture, Turbo Chain can be used to create flexible and scalable topologies with a fast media-recovery time.
Setting Up Turbo Chain
1. Select the Head switch, Tail switch, and Member switches.
2. Configure one port as the Head port and one port as the Member port in the Head switch, configure one port as the Tail port and one port as the Member port in the Tail switch, and configure two ports as
Member ports in each of the Member switches.
3. Connect the Head switch, Tail switch, and Member switches as shown in the diagram.
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The path connecting to the Head port is the main path, and the path connecting to the Tail port is the back up path of the Turbo Chain. Under normal conditions, packets are transmitted through the Head Port to the LAN
Network. If any Turbo Chain path is disconnected, the Tail Port will be activated to continue packet transmission.
Configuring “Turbo Chain”
Head Switch Configuration
Member Switch Configuration
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EDS-828 Series
Tail Switch Configuration
Featured Functions
Explanation of “Current Status” Items
Now Active
Shows which communication protocol is in use: Turbo Ring, Turbo Ring V2, RSTP, Turbo Chain or None.
The “Ports Status” indicators show Forwarding for normal transmission, Blocked if this port is connected to the Tail port as a backup path and the path is blocked, and Link down if there is no connection.
Explanation of “Settings” Items
Redundancy Protocol
Setting
Turbo Ring
Turbo Ring V2
Description Factory Default
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page. None
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring V2 configuration page.
Turbo Chain Select this item to change to the Turbo Chain configuration page
Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page. RSTP (IEEE
802.1W/1D)
None Ring redundancy is not active
Role
Setting
Head
Member
Tail
Head Role
Setting
Head Port
Member Port
Description
Select this EDS as Head Switch
Select this EDS as Member Switch
Select this EDS as Tail Switch
Description
Select any port of the EDS to be the head port.
Select any port of the EDS to be the member port.
Factory Default
Member
Factory Default port 1-1 port 1-2
Member Role
Setting
1st Member port
2nd Member port
Tail Role
Setting
Tail Port
Member Port
Description
Select any port of the EDS to be the 1st member port
Select any port of the EDS to be the 2nd member port
Description
Select any port of the EDS to be the tail port.
Select any port of the EDS to be the member port.
Factory Default port 1-1 port 1-2
Factory Default port 1-1 port 1-2
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The STP/RSTP Concept
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to help reduce link failures in a network, and provide protection from loops. Networks that have a complicated architecture are prone to broadcast storms caused by unintended loops in the network. The EDS-828’s STP feature is disabled by default. To be completely effective, you must enable RSTP/STP on every EDS-828 connected to your network.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) implements the Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol defined by IEEE
Std 802.1w-2001. RSTP provides the following benefits:
• The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP.
• RSTP is backward compatible with STP, making it relatively easy to deploy. For example:
Defaults to sending 802.1D style BPDUs if packets with this format are received.
STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1w) can operate on different ports of the same EDS-828. This feature is particularly helpful when the EDS-828’s ports connect to older equipment, such as legacy switches.
You get essentially the same functionality with RSTP and STP. To see how the two systems differ, see the
Differences between RSTP and STP section in this chapter.
NOTE The STP protocol is part of the IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition bridge specification. The explanation given below uses bridge instead of switch.
What is STP?
STP (802.1D) is a bridge-based system that is used to implement parallel paths for network traffic. STP uses a loop-detection process to:
• Locate and then disable less efficient paths (i.e., paths that have a lower bandwidth).
• Enable one of the less efficient paths if the most efficient path fails.
The figure below shows a network made up of three LANs separated by three bridges. Each segment uses at most two paths to communicate with the other segments. Since this configuration can give rise to loops, the network will overload if STP is NOT enabled.
If STP is enabled, it will detect duplicate paths and prevent, or block, one of them from forwarding traffic. In the following example, STP determined that traffic from LAN segment 2 to LAN segment 1 should flow through
Bridges C and A because this path has a greater bandwidth and is therefore more efficient.
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What happens if a link failure is detected? As shown in next figure, the STP process reconfigures the network so that traffic from LAN segment 2 flows through Bridge B.
STP will determine which path between each bridged segment is most efficient, and then assigns a specific reference point on the network. When the most efficient path has been identified, the other paths are blocked.
In the previous 3 figures, STP first determined that the path through Bridge C was the most efficient, and as a result, blocked the path through Bridge B. After the failure of Bridge C, STP re-evaluated the situation and opened the path through Bridge B.
How STP Works
When enabled, STP determines the most appropriate path for traffic through a network. The way it does this is outlined in the sections below.
STP Requirements
Before STP can configure the network, the system must satisfy the following requirements:
• Communication between all the bridges. This communication is carried out using Bridge Protocol Data Units
(BPDUs), which are transmitted in packets with a known multicast address.
• Each bridge must have a Bridge Identifier that specifies which bridge acts as the central reference point, or
Root Bridge, for the STP system—bridges with a lower Bridge Identifier are more likely to be designated as the Root Bridge. The Bridge Identifier is calculated using the MAC address of the bridge and a priority defined for the bridge. The default priority of EDS-828 is 32768.
• Each port has a cost that specifies the efficiency of each link. The efficiency cost is usually determined by the bandwidth of the link, with less efficient links assigned a higher cost. The following table shows the default port costs for a switch:
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Port Speed
10 Mbps
100 Mbps
1000 Mbps
Path Cost 802.1D, 1998 Edition
100
19
4
Path Cost 802.1w-2001
2,000,000
200,000
20,000
STP Calculation
The first step of the STP process is to perform calculations. During this stage, each bridge on the network transmits BPDUs. The following items will be calculated:
• Which bridge should be the Root Bridge. The Root Bridge is the central reference point from which the network is configured.
• The Root Path Costs for each bridge. This is the cost of the paths from each bridge to the Root Bridge.
• The identity of each bridge’s Root Port. The Root Port is the port on the bridge that connects to the Root
Bridge via the most efficient path. In other words, the port connected to the Root Bridge via the path with the lowest Root Path Cost. The Root Bridge, however, does not have a Root Port.
• The identity of the Designated Bridge for each LAN segment. The Designated Bridge is the bridge with the lowest Root Path Cost from that segment. If several bridges have the same Root Path Cost, the one with the lowest Bridge Identifier becomes the Designated Bridge. Traffic transmitted in the direction of the Root
Bridge will flow through the Designated Bridge. The port on this bridge that connects to the segment is called the Designated Bridge Port.
STP Configuration
After all the bridges on the network agree on the identity of the Root Bridge, and all other relevant parameters have been established, each bridge is configured to forward traffic only between its Root Port and the
Designated Bridge Ports for the respective network segments. All other ports are blocked, which means that they will not be allowed to receive or forward traffic.
STP Reconfiguration
Once the network topology has stabilized, each bridge listens for Hello BPDUs transmitted from the Root Bridge at regular intervals. If a bridge does not receive a Hello BPDU after a certain interval (the Max Age time), the bridge assumes that the Root Bridge, or a link between itself and the Root Bridge, has gone down. This will trigger the bridge to reconfigure the network to account for the change. If you have configured an SNMP trap destination, when the topology of your network changes, the first bridge to detect the change sends out an
SNMP trap.
Differences between RSTP and STP
RSTP is similar to STP, but includes additional information in the BPDUs that allow each bridge to confirm that it has taken action to prevent loops from forming when it decides to enable a link to a neighboring bridge.
Adjacent bridges connected via point-to-point links will be able to enable a link without waiting to ensure that all other bridges in the network have had time to react to the change. The main benefit of RSTP is that the configuration decision is made locally rather than network-wide, allowing RSTP to carry out automatic configuration and restore a link faster than STP.
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STP Example
The LAN shown in the following figure has three segments, with adjacent segments connected using two possible links. The various STP factors, such as Cost, Root Port, Designated Bridge Port, and Blocked Port are shown in the figure.
• Bridge A has been selected as the Root Bridge, since it was determined to have the lowest Bridge Identifier on the network.
• Since Bridge A is the Root Bridge, it is also the Designated Bridge for LAN segment 1. Port 1 on Bridge A is selected as the Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 1.
• Ports 1 of Bridges B, C, X, and Y are all Root Ports sine they are nearest to the Root Bridge, and therefore have the most efficient path.
• Bridges B and X offer the same Root Path Cost for LAN segment 2. However, Bridge B was selected as the
Designated Bridge for that segment since it has a lower Bridge Identifier. Port 2 on Bridge B is selected as the Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 2.
• Bridge C is the Designated Bridge for LAN segment 3, because it has the lowest Root Path Cost for LAN
Segment 3:
The route through Bridges C and B costs 200 (C to B=100, B to A=100)
The route through Bridges Y and B costs 300 (Y to B=200, B to A=100)
• The Designated Bridge Port for LAN Segment 3 is Port 2 on Bridge C.
Using STP on a Network with Multiple VLANs
IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition, does not take into account VLANs when calculating STP information—the calculations only depend on the physical connections. Consequently, some network configurations will result in
VLANs being subdivided into a number of isolated sections by the STP system. You must ensure that every
VLAN configuration on your network takes into account the expected STP topology and alternative topologies that may result from link failures.
Port Speed
10 Mbps
100 Mbps
1000 Mbps
Path Cost 802.1D,
1998 Edition
100
19
4
Path Cost
802.1w-2001
2,000,000
200,000
20,000
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The following figure shows an example of a network that contains VLANs 1 and 2. The VLANs are connected using the 802.1Q-tagged link between Switch B and Switch C. By default, this link has a port cost of 100 and is automatically blocked because the other Switch-to-Switch connections have a port cost of 36 (18+18). This means that both VLANs are now subdivided—VLAN 1 on Switch units A and B cannot communicate with VLAN
1 on Switch C, and VLAN 2 on Switch units A and C cannot communicate with VLAN 2 on Switch B.
To avoid subdividing VLANs, all inter-switch connections should be made members of all available 802.1Q
VLANs. This will ensure connectivity at all times. For example, the connections between Switches A and B, and between Switches A and C should be 802.1Q tagged and carrying VLANs 1 and 2 to ensure connectivity.
See the “Configuring Virtual LANs” section for more information about VLAN Tagging.
Configuring STP/RSTP
The following figures indicate which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured. A more detailed explanation of each parameter is given below the figure.
At the top of this page, the user can check the “Current Status” of this function. For RSTP, you will see:
Now Active:
This field will show which communication protocol is being used—Turbo Ring, RSTP, or neither.
Root/Not Root
This field will appear only when selected to operate in RSTP mode. It indicates whether or not this EDS-828 is the Root of the Spanning Tree (the root is determined automatically).
At the bottom of this page, the user can configure the “Settings” of this function. For RSTP, you can configure:
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Protocol of Redundancy
Setting
Turbo Ring
RSTP (IEEE
802.1w/1D)
Description Factory Default
Select this item to change to the Turbo Ring configuration page. None
Select this item to change to the RSTP configuration page. None
Bridge priority
Setting
Numerical value selected by user
Description
Increase this device’s bridge priority by selecting a lower number. A device with a higher bridge priority has a greater chance of being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology.
Factory Default
32768
Forwarding Delay
Setting
Numerical value input by user
Hello time (sec.)
Setting
Numerical value input by user
Description
The amount of time this device waits before checking to see if it should change to a different state.
Factory Default
15 (sec.)
Description
The root of the Spanning Tree topology periodically sends out a
“hello” message to other devices on the network to check if the topology is healthy. The “hello time” is the amount of time the root waits between sending hello messages.
Factory Default
2
Max. Age (sec.)
Setting
Numerical value input by user
Description
If this device is not the root, and it has not received a hello message from the root in an amount of time equal to “Max.
Age,” then this device will reconfigure itself as a root. Once two or more devices on the network are recognized as a root, the devices will renegotiate to set up a new Spanning Tree topology.
Factory Default
20
Enable STP per Port
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Select to enable the port as a node on the Spanning Tree topology.
Factory Default
Disabled
NOTE We suggest not enabling the Spanning Tree Protocol once the port is connected to a device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network equipment. The reason is that it will cause unnecessary negotiation.
Port Priority
Setting
Numerical value selected by user
Port Cost
Setting
Numerical value input by user
Description
Increase this port’s priority as a node on the Spanning Tree topology by inputting a lower number.
Factory Default
128
Description
Input a higher cost to indicate that this port is less suitable as a node for the Spanning Tree topology.
Factory Default
200000
Port Status
Indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port. “Forwarding” for normal transmission, or “Blocking” to block transmission.
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Configuration Limits of RSTP/STP
The Spanning Tree Algorithm places limits on three of the configuration items described above:
[Eq. 1]: 1 sec ≦ Hello Time ≦ 10 sec
[Eq. 2]: 6 sec ≦ Max. Age ≦ 40 sec
[Eq. 3]: 4 sec ≦ Forwarding Delay ≦ 30 sec
These three variables are further restricted by the following two inequalities:
[Eq. 4]: 2 * (Hello Time + 1 sec) ≦ Max. Age ≦ 2 * (Forwarding Delay – 1 sec)
The EDS-828’s firmware will alert you immediately if any of these restrictions are violated. For example, setting
Hello Time = 5 sec, Max. Age = 20 sec, and Forwarding Delay = 4 sec does not violate Eqs. 1 through 3, but does violate Eq. 4, since in this case,
2 * (Hello Time + 1 sec) = 12 sec, and 2 * (Forwarding Delay – 1 sec) = 6 sec.
You can remedy the situation in any number of ways. One solution is simply to increase the Forwarding Delay value to at least 11 sec.
HINT: Take the following steps to avoid guessing:
Step 1: Assign a value to “Hello Time” and then calculate the left most part of Eq. 4 to get the lower limit of
“Max. Age.”
Step 2: Assign a value to “Forwarding Delay” and then calculate the right most part of Eq. 4 to get the upper limit for “Max. Age.”
Step 3: Assign a value to “Forwarding Delay” that satisfies the conditions in Eq. 3 and Eq. 4.
Using Traffic Prioritization
The EDS-828’s traffic prioritization capability provides Quality of Service (QoS) to your network by making data delivery more reliable. You can prioritize traffic on your network to ensure that high priority data is transmitted with minimum delay. Traffic can be controlled by a set of rules to obtain the required Quality of Service for your network. The rules define different types of traffic and specify how each type should be treated as it passes through the switch. The EDS-828 can inspect both IEEE 802.1p/1Q layer 2 CoS tags, and even layer 3 TOS information to provide consistent classification of the entire network. The EDS-828’s QoS capability improves the performance and determinism of industrial networks for mission critical applications.
The Traffic Prioritization Concept
What is Traffic Prioritization?
Traffic prioritization allows you to prioritize data so that time-sensitive and system-critical data can be transferred smoothly and with minimal delay over a network. The benefits of using traffic prioritization are:
• Improve network performance by controlling a wide variety of traffic and managing congestion.
• Assign priorities to different categories of traffic. For example, set higher priorities for time-critical or business-critical applications.
• Provide predictable throughput for multimedia applications, such as video conferencing or voice over IP, and minimize traffic delay and jitter.
• Improve network performance as the amount of traffic grows. This will save cost by reducing the need to keep adding bandwidth to the network.
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How Traffic Prioritization Works
Traffic prioritization uses the four traffic queues that are present in your EDS-828 to ensure that high priority traffic is forwarded on a different queue from lower priority traffic. This is what provides Quality of Service (QoS) to your network.
The EDS-828’s traffic prioritization depends on two industry-standard methods:
• IEEE 802.1D—a layer 2 marking scheme.
• Differentiated Services (DiffServ)—a layer 3 marking scheme.
IEEE 802.1D Traffic Marking
The IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition marking scheme, which is an enhancement to IEEE Std 802.1D, enables
Quality of Service on the LAN. Traffic service levels are defined in the IEEE 802.1Q 4-byte tag, which is used to carry VLAN identification as well as IEEE 802.1p priority information. The 4-byte tag immediately follows the destination MAC address and Source MAC address.
The IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition priority marking scheme assigns an IEEE 802.1p priority level between 0 and 7 to each frame. This determines the level of service that that type of traffic should receive. Refer to the table below for an example of how different traffic types can be mapped to the eight IEEE 802.1p priority levels.
3
4
5
6
7
IEEE 802.1p Priority Level IEEE 802.1D Traffic Type
0 Best Effort (default)
1
2
Background
Standard (spare)
Excellent Effort (business critical)
Controlled Load (streaming multimedia)
Video (interactive media); less than 100 milliseconds of latency and jitter
Voice (interactive voice); less than 10 milliseconds of latency and jitter
Network Control Reserved traffic
Even though the IEEE 802.1D standard is the most widely used prioritization scheme in the LAN environment, it still has some restrictions:
• It requires an additional 4-byte tag in the frame, which is normally optional in Ethernet networks. Without this tag, the scheme cannot work.
• The tag is part of the IEEE 802.1Q header, so to implement QoS at layer 2, the entire network must implement IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging.
It is only supported on a LAN and not across routed WAN links, since the IEEE 802.1Q tags are removed when the packets pass through a router.
Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Traffic Marking
DiffServ is a Layer 3 marking scheme that uses the DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) field in the IP header to store the packet priority information. DSCP is an advanced intelligent method of traffic marking because you can choose how your network prioritizes different types of traffic. DSCP uses 64 values that map to user-defined service levels, allowing you to establish more control over network traffic.
Advantages of DiffServ over IEEE 802.1D are:
• Configure how you want your switch to treat selected applications and types of traffic by assigning various grades of network service to them.
• No extra tags are required in the packet.
• DSCP uses the IP header of a packet and therefore priority is preserved across the Internet.
• DSCP is backward compatible with IPV4 TOS, which allows operation with existing devices that use a layer
3 TOS enabled prioritization scheme.
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Traffic Prioritization
The EDS-828 classifies traffic based on layer 2 of the OSI 7 layer model, and the switch prioritizes received traffic according to the priority information defined in the received packet. Incoming traffic is classified based upon the IEEE 802.1D frame and is assigned to the appropriate priority queue based on the IEEE 802.1p service level value defined in that packet. Service level markings (values) are defined in the IEEE 802.1Q 4-byte tag, and consequently traffic will only contain 802.1p priority markings if the network is configured with VLANs and
VLAN tagging. The traffic flow through the switch is as follows:
A packet received by the EDS-828 may or may not have an 802.1p tag associated with it. If it does not, then it is given a default 802.1p tag (which is usually 0). Alternatively, the packet may be marked with a new 802.1p value, which will result in all knowledge of the old 802.1p tag being lost.
Because the 802.1p priority levels are fixed to the traffic queues, the packet will be placed in the appropriate priority queue, ready for transmission through the appropriate egress port. When the packet reaches the head of its queue and is about to be transmitted, the device determines whether or not the egress port is tagged for that VLAN. If it is, then the new 802.1p tag is used in the extended 802.1D header.
The EDS-828 will check a packet received at the ingress port for IEEE 802.1D traffic classification, and then prioritize it based upon the IEEE 802.1p value (service levels) in that tag. It is this 802.1p value that determines which traffic queue the packet is mapped to.
Traffic Queues
The EDS-828 hardware has multiple traffic queues that allow packet prioritization to occur. Higher priority traffic can pass through the EDS-828 without being delayed by lower priority traffic. As each packet arrives in the EDS-828, it passes through any ingress processing (which includes classification, marking/re-marking), and is then sorted into the appropriate queue. The switch then forwards packets from each queue.
The EDS-828 supports two different queuing mechanisms:
• Weight Fair: This method services all the traffic queues, giving priority to the higher priority queues. Under most circumstances, this method gives high priority precedence over low-priority, but in the event that high-priority traffic exceeds the link capacity, lower priority traffic is not blocked.
• Strict: This method services high traffic queues first; low priority queues are delayed until no more high priority data needs to be sent. This method always gives precedence to high priority over low-priority.
Configuring Traffic Prioritization
Quality of Service (QoS) provides a traffic prioritization capability to ensure that important data is delivered consistently and predictably. The EDS-828 Series can inspect IEEE 802.1p/1Q layer 2 CoS tags, and even layer
3 TOS information, to provide a consistent classification of the entire network. The EDS-828 Series’ QoS capability improves your industrial network’s performance and determinism for mission critical applications.
QoS Classification
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The EDS-828 supports inspection of layer 3 TOS and/or layer 2 CoS tag information to determine how to classify traffic packets.
Queuing Mechanism
Setting
Weighted Fair
Strict
Description Factory Default
The EDS-828 has 4 priority queues. In the weight fair scheme, Weight Fair an 8, 4, 2, 1 weighting is applied to the four priorities. This approach prevents the lower priority frames from being starved of opportunity for transmission with only a slight delay to the higher priority frames.
In the Strict-priority scheme, all top-priority frames egress a port until that priority’s queue is empty, and then the next lower priority queue’s frames egress. This approach can cause the lower priorities to be starved of opportunity for transmitting any frames but ensures all high priority frames to egress the switch as soon as possible.
Inspect TOS
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Check the checkbox to enable the EDS-828 to inspect the Type of Service (TOS) bits in IPV4 frame to determine the priority of each frame.
Factory Default
Enable
Inspect COS
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Check the check box to enable the EDS-828 to inspect the
802.1p COS tag in the MAC frame to determine the priority of each frame.
Factory Default
Enable
Default Port Priority
Setting
Low/Normal/
Medium/High
Description
Set the Port Default Priority of the ingress frames to different priority queues. If the received packets are not equipped with any tag information (CoS, TOS) the default port priority will take effect.
Factory Default
Normal
NOTE The priority of an ingress frame is determined in order by:
1. Inspect TOS
2. Inspect CoS
3. Default Port Priority
NOTE The designer can enable these classifications individually or in combination. For instance, if a ‘hot,’ higher priority port is required for a network design, “Inspect TOS” and “Inspect CoS” can be disabled. This setting leaves only port default priority active, which results in all ingress frames being assigned the same priority on that port.
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CoS Mapping
Featured Functions
CoS Value and Priority Queues
Setting
Low/Normal/
Medium/High
Description
Set the mapping table of different CoS values to 4 different egress queues.
Factory
0: Low
1: Low
2: Normal
3: Normal
4: Medium
5: Medium
6: High
7: High
TOS/DiffServ Mapping
ToS (DSCP) Value and Priority Queues
Setting
Low/Normal/
Medium/High
Description
Set the mapping table of different TOS values to 4 different egress queues.
Factory Default
1 to 16: Low
17 to 32: Normal
33 to 48: Medium
49 to 64: High
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Using Virtual LAN
Setting up Virtual LANs (VLANs) on your EDS-828 increases the efficiency of your network by dividing the LAN into logical segments, as opposed to physical segments. In general, VLANs are easier to manage.
The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept
What is a VLAN?
A VLAN is a group of devices that can be located anywhere on a network, but which communicate as if they are on the same physical segment. With VLANs, you can segment your network without being restricted by physical connections—a limitation of traditional network design. As an example, with VLANs you can segment your network according to:
• Departmental groups—You could have one VLAN for the Marketing department, another for the Finance department, and another for the Development department.
• Hierarchical groups—You could have one VLAN for directors, another for managers, and another for general staff.
• Usage groups—You could have one VLAN for e-mail users, and another for multimedia users.
Benefits of VLANs
The main benefit of VLANs is that they provide a network segmentation system that is far more flexible than traditional networks. Using VLANs also provides you with three other benefits:
• VLANs ease the relocation of devices on networks: With traditional networks, network administrators spend much of their time dealing with moves and changes. If users move to a different subnetwork, the addresses of each host must be updated manually. With a VLAN setup, if a host on VLAN Marketing, for example, is moved to a port in another part of the network, and retains its original subnet membership, you only need to specify that the new port is on VLAN Marketing. You do not need to carry out any re-cabling.
• VLANs provide extra security: Devices within each VLAN can only communicate with other devices on the same VLAN. If a device on VLAN Marketing needs to communicate with devices on VLAN Finance, the traffic must pass through a routing device or Layer 3 switch.
• VLANs help control traffic: With traditional networks, congestion can be caused by broadcast traffic that is directed to all network devices, regardless of whether or not they need it. VLANs increase the efficiency of your network because each VLAN can be set up to contain only those devices that need to communicate with each other.
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VLANs and Moxa EtherDevice Switch
Your EDS-828 provides support for VLANs using IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998. This standard allows traffic from multiple VLANs to be carried across one physical link. The IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998 standard allows each port on your EDS-828 to be placed in:
• Any one VLAN defined on the EDS-828.
• Several VLANs at the same time using 802.1Q tagging.
The standard requires that you define the 802.1Q VLAN ID about each VLAN on your EDS-828 before the switch can use it to forward traffic:
Managing a VLAN
A new or initialized EDS-828 contains a single VLAN—the Default VLAN. This VLAN has the following definition:
• VLAN Name—Management VLAN
• 802.1Q VLAN ID—1 (if tagging is required)
All the ports are initially placed in this VLAN, and it is the only VLAN that allows you to access the management software of the EDS-828 over the network.
Communication Between VLANs
If devices connected to a VLAN need to communicate to devices on a different VLAN, a router or Layer 3 switching device with connections to both VLANs needs to be installed. Communication between VLANs can only take place if they are all connected to a routing or Layer 3 switching device.
VLANs: Tagged and Untagged Membership
Your EDS-828 supports 802.1Q VLAN tagging, a system that allows traffic for multiple VLANs to be carried on a single physical (backbone, trunk) link. When setting up VLANs you need to understand when to use untagged and tagged membership of VLANs. Simply put, if a port is on a single VLAN it can be an untagged member, but if the port needs to be a member of multiple VLANs, tagged membership must be defined.
A typical host (e.g., clients) will be untagged members of one VLAN, defined as “Access Port” in the EDS-828, while inter-switch connections will be tagged members of all VLANs, defined as “Trunk Port” in the EDS-828.
The IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998 defines how VLANs operate within an open packet-switched network. An 802.1Q compliant packet carries additional information that allows a switch to determine which VLAN the port belongs to. If a frame is carrying the additional information, it is known as a tagged frame.
To carry multiple VLANs across a single physical (backbone, trunk) link, each packet must be tagged with a
VLAN identifier so that the switches can identify which packets belong in which VLAN. To communicate between
VLANs, a router must be used.
The EDS-828 supports two types of VLAN port settings:
• Access Port: The port connects to a single device that is not tagged. The user must define the default port
PVID that assigns which VLAN the device belongs to. Once the ingress packet of this Access Port egresses to another Trunk Port (the port needs all packets to carry tag information), the EDS-828 will insert this PVID into this packet to help the next 802.1Q VLAN switch recognize it.
• Trunk Port: The port connects to a LAN that consists of untagged devices/tagged devices and/or switches and hubs. In general, the traffic of the Trunk Port must have a Tag. Users can also assign PVID to a Trunk
Port. The untagged packet on the Trunk Port will be assigned the port default PVID as its VID.
The following section illustrates how to use these ports to set up different applications.
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Sample Applications of VLANs using the EDS-828
In this application,
• Port 1 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 5; it should be configured as “Access Port” with PVID 5.
• Port 2 connects a LAN with two untagged devices belonging to VLAN 2. One tagged device with VID 3 and one tagged device with VID 4. It should be configured as “Trunk Port” with PVID 2 for untagged device and
Fixed VLAN (Tagged) with 3 and 4 for tagged device. Since each port can only have one unique PVID, all untagged devices on the same port can only belong to the same VLAN.
• Port 3 connects with another switch. It should be configured as “Trunk Port.” GVRP protocol will be used through the Trunk Port.
• Port 4 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 2; it should be configured as “Access Port” with PVID 2.
• Port 5 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 3; it should be configured as “Access Port” with PVID 3.
• Port 6 connect a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 5; it should be configured as “Access Port” with PVID 5.
• Port 7 connects a single untagged device and assigns it to VLAN 4; it should be configured as “Access Port” with PVID 4.
After proper configuration:
• Packets from device A will travel through “Trunk Port 3” with tagged VID 5. Switch B will recognize its VLAN, pass it to port 6, and then remove tags received successfully by device G, and vice versa.
• Packets from device B and C will travel through “Trunk Port 3” with tagged VID 2. Switch B recognizes its
VLAN, passes it to port 4, and then removes tags received successfully by device F, and vice versa.
• Packets from device D will travel through “Trunk Port 3” with tagged VID 3. Switch B will recognize its VLAN, pass to port 5, and then remove tags received successfully by device H. Packets from device H will travel through “Trunk Port 3” with PVID 3. Switch A will recognize its VLAN and pass it to port 2, but will not remove tags received successfully by device D.
• Packets from device E will travel through “Trunk Port 3” with tagged VID 4. Switch B will recognize its VLAN, pass it to port 7, and then remove tags received successfully by device I. Packets from device I will travel through “Trunk Port 3” with tagged VID 4. Switch A will recognize its VLAN and pass it to port 2, but will not remove tags received successfully by device E.
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Configuring 802.1Q VLAN
VLAN Port Settings
Featured Functions
To configure the EDS-828’s VLANs, use the VLAN Port Setting page to configure the ports.
Management VLAN ID
Setting
VLAN ID ranges from 1 to 4094
Description
Set the management VLAN of this EDS-828
Factory Default
1
Enable GVRP
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Select the option to enable/disable the GVRP function
Factory Default
Enable
Port Type
Setting
Access
Trunk
Description Factory Default
This port type is used to connect single devices without tags. Access
Select “Trunk” port type to connect another 802.1Q VLAN aware switch or another LAN that combines tagged and/or untagged devices and/or other switches/hubs.
ATTENTION
For communication redundancy in the VLAN environment, set “Redundant Port,” “Coupling Port,” and
“Coupling Control Port” as “Trunk Port,” since these ports act as the “backbone” to transmit all packets of different VLANs to different EDS-828 units.
Port PVID
Setting
VID range from 1 to
4094
Description
Set the port default VLAN ID for untagged devices that connect to the port.
Factory Default
1
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Port Fixed VLAN List (Tagged)
Setting
VID range from 1 to
4094
Description
This field will be active only when selecting the “Trunk” port type. Set the other VLAN ID for tagged devices that connect to the “Trunk” port. Use commas to separate different VIDs.
Factory Default
None
Port Forbidden VLAN List
Setting
VID range from 1 to
4094
Description
This field will be active only when selecting the “Trunk” port type. Set the VLAN IDs that will not be supported by this trunk port. Use commas to separate different VIDs.
Factory Default
None
VLAN Table
NOTE
In this table, you can review the VLAN groups that were created, Joined Access Ports, and Trunk Ports.
The physical network can have a maximum of 64 VLAN settings.
Using Multicast Filtering
Multicast filtering improves the performance of networks that carry multicast traffic. This section explains multicasts, multicast filtering, and how multicast filtering can be implemented on your EDS-828.
The Concept of Multicast Filtering
What is an IP Multicast?
A multicast is a packet sent by one host to multiple hosts. Only those hosts that belong to a specific multicast group will receive the multicast. If the network is set up correctly, a multicast can only be sent to an end-station or a subset of end-stations on a LAN or VLAN that belong to the multicast group. Multicast group members can be distributed across multiple subnetworks, so that multicast transmissions can occur within a campus LAN or over a WAN. In addition, networks that support IP multicast send only one copy of the desired information across the network until the delivery path that reaches group members diverges. To make more efficient use of network bandwidth, it is only at these points that multicast packets are duplicated and forwarded. A multicast packet has a multicast group address in the destination address field of the packet’s IP header.
Benefits of Multicast
The benefits of using IP multicast are that it:
• Uses the most efficient, sensible method to deliver the same information to many receivers with only one transmission.
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• Reduces the load on the source (for example, a server) since it will not need to produce several copies of the same data.
• Makes efficient use of network bandwidth and scales well as the number of multicast group members increases.
• Works with other IP protocols and services, such as Quality of Service (QoS).
Multicast transmission makes more sense and is more efficient than unicast transmission for some applications.
For example, multicasts are often used for video-conferencing, since high volumes of traffic must be sent to several end-stations at the same time, but where broadcasting the traffic to all end-stations would cause a substantial reduction in network performance. Furthermore, several industrial automation protocols, such as
Allen-Bradley, EtherNet/IP, Siemens Profibus, and Foundation Fieldbus HSE (High Speed Ethernet), use multicast. These industrial Ethernet protocols use publisher/subscriber communications models by multicasting packets that could flood a network with heavy traffic. IGMP Snooping is used to prune multicast traffic so that it travels only to those end destinations that require the traffic, reducing the amount of traffic on the Ethernet LAN.
Multicast Filtering
Multicast filtering ensures that only end-stations that have joined certain groups receive multicast traffic. With multicast filtering, network devices only forward multicast traffic to the ports that are connected to registered end-stations. The following two figures illustrate how a network behaves without multicast filtering, and with multicast filtering.
Network without multicast filtering
All hosts receive the multicast traffic, even if they don’t need it.
Network with multicast filtering
Hosts only receive dedicated traffic from other hosts belonging to the same group.
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Multicast Filtering and Moxa EtherDevice Switch
The EDS-828 has three ways to achieve multicast filtering: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)
Snooping, GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol), and adding a static multicast MAC manually to filter multicast traffic automatically.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)
Snooping Mode
Snooping Mode allows your switch to forward multicast packets only to the appropriate ports. The switch
“snoops” on exchanges between hosts and an IGMP device, such as a router, to find those ports that want to join a multicast group, and then configures its filters accordingly.
Query Mode
Query mode allows the EDS-828 to work as the Querier if it has the lowest IP address on the subnetwork to which it belongs. IGMP querying is enabled by default on the EDS-828 to help prevent interoperability issues with some multicast routers that may not follow the lowest IP address election method. Enable query mode to run multicast sessions on a network that does not contain IGMP routers (or queriers).
NOTE The EDS-828 is compatible with any device that conforms to the IGMP v2 device protocol.
IGMP Multicast Filtering
IGMP is used by IP-supporting network devices to register hosts with multicast groups. It can be used on all
LANs and VLANs that contain a multicast capable IP router, and on other network devices that support multicast filtering. IGMP works as follows:
1. The IP router (or querier) periodically sends query packets to all end-stations on the LANs or VLANs that are connected to it. For networks with more than one IP router, the router with the lowest IP address is the querier. A switch with IP address lower than the IP address of any other IGMP queriers connected to the LAN or VLAN can become the IGMP querier.
2. When an IP host receives a query packet, it sends a report packet back that identifies the multicast group that the end-station would like to join.
3. When the report packet arrives at a port on a switch with IGMP Snooping enabled, the switch knows that the port should forward traffic for the multicast group, and then proceeds to forward the packet to the router.
4. When the router receives the report packet, it registers that the LAN or VLAN requires traffic for the multicast groups.
5. When the router forwards traffic for the multicast group to the LAN or VLAN, the switches only forward the traffic to ports that received a report packet.
GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol)
The EDS-828 supports IEEE 802.1D-1998 GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol), which differs from
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol). GMRP is a MAC-based multicast management protocol, whereas
IGMP is IP-based. GMRP provides a mechanism that allows bridges and end stations to register or de-register
Group membership information dynamically. GMRP functions similarly to GVRP, except that GMRP registers multicast addresses on ports. When a port receives a GMRP-join message, it will register the multicast address to its database if the multicast address is not registered, and all the multicast packets with that multicast address are able to be forwarded from this port. When a port receives a GMRP-leave message, it will de-register the multicast address from its database, and all the multicast packets with this multicast address are not able to be forwarded from this port.
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Static Multicast MAC
Some devices may only support multicast packets, but not support either IGMP Snooping or GMRP. The
EDS-828 supports adding multicast groups manually to enable multicast filtering.
Enabling Multicast Filtering
Use the serial console or Web interface to enable or disable IGMP Snooping and IGMP querying. If IGMP
Snooping is not enabled, then IP multicast traffic is always forwarded, flooding the network.
Configuring IGMP Snooping
IGMP Snooping provides the ability to prune multicast traffic so that it travels only to those end destinations that require that traffic, thereby reducing the amount of traffic on the Ethernet LAN.
IGMP Snooping Settings
IGMP Snooping Enable
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Select the option to enable/disable the IGMP function
IGMP Snooping Enhanced Mode
Setting
Enable
Disable
Description
IGMP Multicast packets will forward to :
• Learned Multicast Querier Ports
• Member Ports
IGMP Multicast packets will forward to :
• Learned multicast Querier Ports
• Static Multicast Querier Ports
• Querier Connected Ports
• Member Ports
Querier Interval
Setting
Numerical value input by user
Description
Set the query interval of the Querier function globally. Valid settings are from 20 to 600 seconds.
IGMP Snooping Enable
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Click the checkbox to enable the IGMP Snooping function globally.
Factory Default
Disabled
Factory Default
Enable
Factory Default
125 seconds
Factory Default
Disabled
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IGMP Snooping
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Click the checkbox to enable the IGMP Snooping function per
VLAN.
Factory Default
Enabled if IGMP
Snooping Enabled
Globally
NOTE We suggest the following IGMP Snooping configurations
When the network includes third party switches, such as Cisco switches:
• IGMP Snooping Enable—
• IGMP Snooping Enhanced Mode—
When the network consists entirely of Moxa switches:
• IGMP Snooping Enable—
• IGMP Snooping Enhanced Mode—
Static Multicast Router Port
Setting
Select/Deselect
Description
Click the checkbox to select which ports will connect to the multicast routers. It’s active only when IGMP Snooping is enabled.
Querier
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Factory Default
Disabled
Factory Default
Click the checkbox to enable the EDS-828’s querier function. Enabled if IGMP
Snooping is Enabled
Globally
NOTE At least one switch must be designated the querier or enable IGMP snooping and GMRP when enabling Turbo
Ring and IGMP snooping simultaneously.
IGMP Table
The EDS-828 displays the current active IGMP groups that were detected.
The information includes VID, Auto-learned Multicast Router Port, Static Multicast Router Port,
Querier Connected Port, and the IP and MAC addresses of active IGMP groups.
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Add Static Multicast MAC
If required, the EDS-828 also supports adding multicast groups manually.
Featured Functions
Add New Static Multicast Address to the List
Setting
MAC Address
Description
Input the multicast MAC address of this host.
Join Port
Setting
Select/Deselect
Description
Checkmark the appropriate check boxes to select the join ports for this multicast group.
Factory Default
None
Factory Default
None
Configuring GMRP
GMRP is a MAC-based multicast management protocol, whereas IGMP is IP-based. GMRP provides a mechanism that allows bridges and end stations to register or un-register Group membership information dynamically.
Port
Setting x-y
Description
Displays the module (x) and port No. by module (y) of all ports that can enable the GMRP function
Factory Default
None
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GMRP enable
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Click the check box to enable the GMRP function for the port listed in the Port column
GMRP Table
The EDS-828 displays the current active GMRP groups that were detected
Factory Default
Disable
GMRP Status
Setting
Fixed Ports
Learned Ports
Description
This multicast address is defined by static multicast.
This multicast address is learned by GMRP.
Multicast Filtering Behavior
You can use the following table to configure the multicast filtering behavior for each port. GMRP is a MAC-based multicast management protocol, whereas IGMP is IP-based. GMRP provides a mechanism that allows bridges and end stations to register or un-register Group membership information dynamically.
Multicast Filtering Behavior
Setting
Forward All
Forward Unknown
Filter Unknown
Description
Select to forward all multicast frames.
Select to forward unknown multicast frames.
*Note: When IGMP snooping / GMRP is enabled, or the unknown multicast frame has been added into Static Multicast
Address list, the unknown multicast frame will be discarded.
Select to filter unknown multicast frames.
Factory Default
Forward Unknown
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Using Bandwidth Management
In general, one host should not be allowed to occupy unlimited bandwidth, particularly when the device malfunctions. For example, so-called “broadcast storms” could be caused by an incorrectly configured topology, or a malfunctioning device. The EDS-828 series not only prevents broadcast storms, but can also be configured to a different ingress rate for all packets, giving administrators full control of their limited bandwidth to prevent undesirable effects caused by unpredictable faults.
Configuring Bandwidth Management
Broadcast Storm Protection
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Enable or disable the Broadcast Storm Protection for broadcast and unknown unicast packets globally.
Check the check box to include multicast packets when enabled for Broadcast Storm Protection.
Factory Default
N/A
Traffic Rate Limiting Settings
Setting
Ingress rate
Description
Select the ingress rate for all packets from the following options: not limited, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 50%,
65%, 85%
Factory Default
N/A
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Using Port Access Control
The EDS-828 provides two kinds of Port-Base Access Control. One is IEE 802.1X and the other is Static Port
Lock.
IEEE 802.1X
The IEEE 802.1X standard defines a protocol for client/server-based access control and authentication. The protocol restricts unauthorized clients from connecting to a LAN through ports that are open to the Internet, and which otherwise would be readily accessible. The purpose of the authentication server is to check each client that requests access to the port. The client is only allowed access to the port if the client’s permission is authenticated.
Static Port Lock
The EDS-828 can also be configured to protect static MAC addresses for a specific port.
With the Port Lock function, these locked ports will not learn any additional addresses, but only allow traffic from preset static MAC addresses, helping to block hackers and careless usage.
The IEEE802.1X Concept
Three components are used to create an authentication mechanism based on 802.1X standards:
Client/Supplicant, Authentication Server, and Authenticator.
Supplicant: The end station that requests access to the LAN and switch services and responds to the requests from the switch.
Authentication server: The server that performs the actual authentication of the supplicant.
Authenticator: Edge switch or wireless access point that acts as a proxy between the supplicant and the authentication server, requesting identity information from the supplicant, verifying the information with the authentication server, and relaying a response to the supplicant.
The EDS-828 acts as an authenticator in the 802.1X environment. A supplicant and an authenticator exchange
EAPOL (Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN) frames with each other. We can either use an external
RADIUS server as the authentication server, or implement the authentication server in the EDS-828 by using a Local User Database as the authentication look-up table. When we use an external RADIUS server as the authentication server, the authenticator and the authentication server exchange EAP frames between each other.
Authentication can be initiated either by the supplicant or the authenticator. When the supplicant initiates the authentication process, it sends an “EAPOL-Start” frame to the authenticator. When the authenticator initiates the authentication process or when it receives an “EAPOL Start” frame, it sends an “EAP Request/Identity” frame to ask for the username of the supplicant. The following actions are described below:
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1. When the supplicant receives an “EAP Request/Identity” frame, it sends an “EAP Response/Identity” frame with its username back to the authenticator.
2. If the RADIUS server is used as the authentication server, the authenticator relays the “EAP
Response/Identity” frame from the supplicant by encapsulating it into a “RADIUS Access-Request” frame and sends to the RADIUS server. When the authentication server receives the frame, it looks up its database to check if the username exists. If the username is not present, the authentication server replies with a “RADIUS Access-Reject” frame to the authenticator if the server is a RADIUS server or just indicates failure to the authenticator if the Local User Database is used. The authenticator sends an “EAP-Failure” frame to the supplicant.
3. The RADIUS server sends a “RADIUS Access-Challenge,” which contains an “EAP Request” with an authentication type to the authenticator to ask for the password from the client. RFC 2284 defines several
EAP authentication types, such as “MD5-Challenge,” “One-Time Password,” and “Generic Token Card.”
Currently, only “MD5-Challenge” is supported. If the Local User Database is used, this step is skipped.
4. The authenticator sends an “EAP Request/MD5-Challenge” frame to the supplicant. If the RADIUS server is used, the “EAP Request/MD5-Challenge” frame is retrieved directly from the “RADIUS Access-Challenge” frame.
5. The supplicant responds to the “EAP Request/MD5-Challenge” by sending an “EAP
Response/MD5-Challenge” frame that encapsulates the user’s password using the MD5 hash algorithm.
6. If the RADIUS server is used as the authentication server, the authenticator relays the “EAP
Response/MD5-Challenge” frame from the supplicant by encapsulating it into a “RADIUS Access-Request” frame along with a “Shared Secret,” which must be the same within the authenticator and the RADIUS server, and sends the frame to the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server checks against the password with its database, and replies with “RADIUS Access-Accept” or “RADIUS Access-Reject” to the authenticator. If the
Local User Database is used, the password is checked against its database and indicates success or failure to the authenticator.
7. The authenticator sends “EAP Success” or “EAP Failure” by the received indication from the authentication server.
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Configuring IEEE 802.1X
Featured Functions
802.1X
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Click the checkbox(es) under the 802.1X column to enable IEEE
802.1X for one or more ports. All end stations must enter usernames and passwords before access to these ports is allowed.
Factory Default
Disable
Database Option
Setting
Local
(Max. 32 users)
Radius
Radius, Local
Description
Select this option when setting the Local User Database as the authentication database.
Factory Default
Local
Select this option to set an external RADIUS server as the authentication database. The authentication mechanism is
“EAP-MD5.”
Local
Select this option to make using an external RADIUS server as the authentication database the first priority. The authentication mechanism is “EAP-MD5.” The first priority is to set the Local User Database as the authentication database.
Local
Radius Server
Setting
IP address or domain name
Server Port
Setting
Numerical
Description
The IP address or domain name of the RADIUS server
Factory Default localhost
Description
The UDP port of the RADIUS Server
Factory Default
1812
Shared Key
Setting alphanumeric (Max. 40 characters)
Description
A key to be shared between the external RADIUS server and the EDS-828. Both ends must be configured to use the same key.
Factory Default
None
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Re-Auth Period
Setting
Enable/Disable
Featured Functions
Description
Select to require re-authentication of the client after a preset time period of no activity has elapsed.
Factory Default
Disable
Re-Auth
Setting
Numerical
(60-65535 sec.)
Description
Specify how frequently the end stations need to reenter usernames and passwords in order to stay connected.
802.1X Re-Authentication
The EDS-828 can force connected devices to be re-authorized manually.
Factory Default
3600 seconds
802.1X Re-Authentication
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Click the check box to enable 802.1X Re-Authentication
Factory Default
Disable
Local User Database Setup
When setting the Local User Database as the authentication database, set the database first.
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Local User Database Setup
Setting
User Name
(Max. 30 characters)
Password
(Max. 16 characters)
Description
(Max. 30 characters)
Description
User Name for Local User Database
Password for Local User Database
Description for Local User Database
NOTE The user name for the Local User Database is case-insensitive.
Port Access control Table
Featured Functions
Factory Default
None
None
None
The port status will show authorized or unauthorized.
Configuring Static Port Lock
The EDS-828 also supports adding multicast groups manually if required.
Add Static Unicast MAC Address
Setting
MAC Address
Port
Description
Add the static unicast MAC address into the address table.
Fix the static address with a dedicated port.
Factory Default
None
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Using IP Filter
The EDS-828 provides an 8-entity IP filter for each port. You can specify the port and then key in the IPs from which you will accept packets. Packets from other IPs will be rejected. These settings start working right after the Activate button is clicked.
Using Auto Warning
Since industrial Ethernet devices are often located at the endpoints of a system, these devices will not always know what is happening elsewhere on the network. This means that an industrial Ethernet switch that connects to these devices must provide system maintainers with real-time alarm messages. Even when control engineers are out of the control room for an extended period of time, they can still be informed of the status of devices almost instantaneously when exceptions occur. The EDS-828 supports different approaches to warn engineers automatically, such as email and relay output. It also supports two digital inputs to integrate sensors into your system to automate alarms by email and relay output.
Configuring Email Warning
The Auto Email Warning function uses e-mail to alert the user when certain user-configured events take place.
Three basic steps are required to set up the Auto Warning function:
1. Configuring Email Event Types
Select the desired Event types from the Console or Web Browser Event type page (a description of each event type is given later in the Email Alarm Events setting subsection).
2. Configuring Email Settings
To configure the EDS-828’s email setup from the Console interface or browser interface, enter your Mail
Server IP/Name (IP address or name), Account Name, Account Password, Retype New Password, and the email address(es) to which warning messages will be sent.
3. Activate your settings and if necessary, test the email
After configuring and activating your EDS-828’s Event Types and Email Setup, you can use the Test Email function to see if your e-mail addresses and mail server address have been properly configured.
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Email Alarm Events Settings
Featured Functions
Event Types
Event Types can be divided into two basic groups: System Events and Port Events. System Events are related to the overall function of the switch, whereas Port Events are related to the activity of a specific port.
System Event
Switch Cold Start
Switch Warm Start
Power Transition (OnOff)
Power Transition (OffOn)
DI1 (OnOff)
DI1 (OffOn)
DI2 (OnOff)
DI2 (OffOn)
Configuration Change
Activated
Comm. Redundancy Topology
Changed
Authentication Failure
Warning e-mail is sent when…
Power is cut off and then reconnected.
The EDS-828 is rebooted, such as when network parameters are changed (IP address, subnet mask, etc.).
The EDS-828 is powered down.
The EDS-828 is powered up.
Digital Input 1 is triggered by on to off transition
Digital Input 1 is triggered by off to on transition
Digital Input 2 is triggered by on to off transition
Digital Input 2 is triggered by off to on transition
Any configuration item has been changed.
If any Spanning Tree Protocol switches have changed their position (applies only to the root of the tree).
If the Master of the Turbo Ring has changed or the backup path is activated.
An incorrect password is entered.
Port Event
Link-on
Link-off
Traffic-Overload
Traffic-Threshold (%)
Traffic-Duration (sec.)
Warning e-mail is sent when…
The port is connected to another device.
The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out, or the opposing device shuts down).
The port’s traffic surpasses the Traffic-Threshold for that port (provided this item is Enabled).
Enter a nonzero number if the port’s Traffic-Overload item is Enabled.
A Traffic-Overload warning is sent every Traffic-Duration seconds if the average Traffic-Threshold is surpassed during that time period.
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NOTE The Traffic-Overload, Traffic-Threshold (%), and Traffic-Duration (sec.) Port Event items are related. If you
Enable the Traffic-Overload event, then be sure to enter a nonzero Traffic-Threshold percentage, as well as a
Traffic-Duration between 1 and 300 seconds.
NOTE Warning e-mail messages will have sender given in the form:
Moxa_EtherDevice_Switch_0001@Switch_Location where Moxa_EtherDevice_Switch is the default Switch Name, 0001 is the EDS-828’s serial number, and
Switch_Location is the default Server Location.
Refer to the Basic Settings section to see how to modify Switch Name and Switch Location.
Email Warning Event Settings
Mail Server IP/Name and SMTP Port
Setting
IP address
SMTP
Description
The IP Address of your email server.
The port number of your SMTP server.
Account Name
Setting
Max. 45 Charters
Password Setting
Setting
Disable/Enable to change Password
Old Password
Description
Your email account.
Description
To reset the Password from the Web Browser interface, click the Change password check-box, type the Old Password, type the New Password, retype the New password, and then click on
Activate; Max. 45 Characters.
Type the current password when changing the password
Factory Default
None
25
Factory Default
None
Factory Default
Disable
None
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NOTE
New Password
Retype Password
Type new password when enabled to change password; Max.
45 Characters.
If you type a new password in the Password field, you will be required to retype the password in the Retype new password field before updating the new password.
None
None
Email Address
Setting
Max. 30 characters
Description
You can set up to 4 email addresses to receive alarm emails from the EDS-828.
Factory Default
None
Send Test Email
After finishing with the email settings, you should first press the “Activate” button to activate those settings, and then press the “Send Test Email” button to verify that the settings are correct.
Auto warning e-mail messages will be sent through an authentication protected SMTP server that supports the CRAM-MD5, LOGIN, and PAIN methods of SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) authentication mechanism.
We strongly recommend not entering your Account Name and Account Password if auto warning e-mail messages can be delivered without using an authentication mechanism.
Configuring Relay Warning
The Auto Relay Warning function uses relay output to alert the user when certain user-configured events take place. There are two basic steps required to set up the Relay Warning function:
1. Configuring Relay Event Types
Select the desired Event types from the Console or Web Browser Event type page (a description of each event type is given later in the Relay Alarm Events setting subsection).
2. Activate your settings
After completing the configuration procedure, you will need to activate your EDS-828’s Relay Event Types.
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Relay Alarm Event Settings
Featured Functions
Event Types
Event Types can be divided into two basic groups: System Events and Port Events. System Events are related to the overall function of the switch, whereas Port Events are related to the activity of a specific port.
The EDS-828 supports two relay outputs. You can configure which relay output is related to which events. This helps administrators identify the importance of the different events.
System Event Warning Relay output is triggered when…
Power Transition (OnOff) The EDS-828 is powered on.
Power Transition (OffOn) The EDS-828 is powered down.
DI1 (OnOff) Digital Input 1 is triggered by on to off transition
DI1 (OffOn)
DI2 (OnOff)
Digital Input 1 is triggered by off to on transition
Digital Input 2 is triggered by on to off transition
DI2 (OffOn)
Turbo Ring Break
Port Event
Link-on
Link-off
Traffic-Overload
Traffic-Threshold (%)
Traffic-Duration (sec.)
Digital Input 2 is triggered by off to on transition
Turbo Ring is broken
Warning e-mail is sent when…
The port is connected to another device.
The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out, or the opposing device shuts down).
The port’s traffic surpasses the Traffic-Threshold for that port (provided this item is Enabled).
Enter a nonzero number if the port’s Traffic-Overload item is Enabled.
A Traffic-Overload warning is sent every Traffic-Duration seconds if the average Traffic-Threshold is surpassed during that time period.
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NOTE The Traffic-Overload, Traffic-Threshold (%), and Traffic-Duration (sec) Port Event items are related. If you
Enable the Traffic-Overload event, then be sure to enter a nonzero Traffic-Threshold percentage, as well as a
Traffic-Duration between 1 and 300 seconds.
Override relay alarm settings
Click the checkbox to override the relay warning setting temporarily. Releasing the relay output will allow administrators to fix any problems with the warning condition.
Relay Alarm List
Use this table to see if any relay alarms have been issued.
Using Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery
The Line-Swap Fast Recovery function, which is enabled by default, allows the EDS-828 to return to normal operation extremely quickly after devices are unplugged and then re-plugged into different ports. The recovery time is on the order of a few milliseconds (compare this with standard commercial switches for which the recovery time could be on the order of several minutes). To disable the Line-Swap Fast Recovery function, or to re-enable the function after it has already been disabled, access either the Console utility’s Line-Swap
recovery page, or the Web Browser interface’s Line-Swap fast recovery page, as shown below.
Configuring Line-Swap Fast Recovery
Enable Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
Check-mark the check box to enable the
Line-Swap-Fast-Recovery function
Factory Default
Enable
Using Set Device IP
To reduce the effort required to set up IP addresses, the EDS-828 series comes equipped with DHCP/BootP server and RARP protocol to set up IP addresses of Ethernet-enabled devices automatically.
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When enabled, the Set device IP function allows the EDS-828 to assign specific IP addresses automatically to connected devices that are equipped with DHCP Client or RARP protocol. In effect, the EDS-828 acts as a DHCP server by assigning a connected device with a specific IP address stored in its internal memory. Each time the connected device is switched on or rebooted, the EDS-828 sends the device the desired IP address.
Take the following steps to use the Set device IP function:
STEP 1—set up the connected devices
Set up those Ethernet-enabled devices connected to the
EDS-828 for which you would like IP addresses to be assigned automatically. The devices must be configured to obtain their
IP address automatically.
The devices’ configuration utility should include a setup page that allows you to choose an option similar to Obtain an IP address automatically.
For example, Windows’ TCP/IP Properties window is shown at the right. Although your device’s configuration utility may look quite a bit different, this figure should give you some idea of what to look for.
You also need to decide which of the EDS-828’s ports your
Ethernet-enabled devices will be connected to. You will need to set up each of these ports separately, as described in the following step.
STEP 2
Configure the EDS-828’s Set device IP function, either from the Console utility or from the Web Browser interface. In either case, you simply need to enter the Desired IP for each port that needs to be configured.
STEP 3
Be sure to activate your settings before exiting.
• When using the Web Browser interface, activate by clicking on the Activate button.
• When using the Console utility, activate by first highlighting the Activate menu option, and then press
Enter. You should receive the Set device IP settings are now active! (Press any key to continue) message.
Configuring Set Device IP
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Desired IP Address
Setting
IP Address
Description
Set the desired IP of connected devices.
Featured Functions
Factory Default
None
DHCP Relay Agent (Option 82)
The DHCP Relay Agent makes it possible for DHCP broadcast messages to be sent over routers. The DHCP Relay
Agent enables DHCP clients to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server on a remote subnet, or those that are not located on the local subnet.
Option 82 is used by the relay agent to insert additional information into the client’s DHCP request. The Relay
Agent Information option is inserted by the DHCP relay agent when forwarding client-originated DHCP packets to a DHCP server. Servers can recognize the Relay Agent Information option and use the information to implement IP addresses to Clients.
When Option 82 is enabled on the switch, a subscriber device is identified by the switch port through which it connects to the network (in addition to its MAC address). Multiple hosts on the subscriber LAN can be connected to the same port on the access switch and are uniquely identified.
The Option 82 information contains 2 sub-options: Circuit ID and Remote ID, which define the relationship between end device IP and the DHCP Option 82 server. The “Circuit ID” is a 4-byte number generated by the
Ethernet switch—a combination of physical port number and VLAN ID. The format of the “Circuit ID” is as described below:
FF–VV–VV–PP
Where the first byte “FF” is fixed to “01”, the second and the third byte “VV-VV” is formed by the port VLAN ID in hex, and the last byte “PP” is formed by the port number in hex. For example,
01–00–0F–03 is the “Circuit ID” of port number 3 with port VLAN ID 15.
The “Remote ID” is to identify the relay agent itself and it can be one of the following:
1. The IP address of the relay agent.
2. The MAC address of the relay agent.
3. A combination of IP address and MAC address of the relay agent.
4. A user-defined string.
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Server IP Address
1st Server
Setting
IP address for the 1st
DHCP server
Description
This assigns the IP address of the 1st DHCP server that the switch tries to access.
2nd Server
Setting
IP address for the 2nd
DHCP server
Description
This assigns the IP address of the 2nd DHCP server that the switch tries to access.
3rd Server
Setting
IP address for the 3rd
DHCP server
Description
This assigns the IP address of the 3rd DHCP server that the switch tries to access.
4th Server
Setting
IP address for the 4th
DHCP server
Description
This assigns the IP address of the 4th DHCP server that the switch tries to access.
Factory Default
None
Factory Default
None
Factory Default
None
Factory Default
None
DHCP Option 82
Enable Option82
Setting
Enable or Disable
Description
Enable or disable DHCP Option 82 function.
Factory Default
Disable
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Type
Setting
IP
MAC
Client-ID
Other
Value
Setting
Max. 12 characters
Featured Functions
Description
Use switch IP address as the remote ID sub-option.
Use switch MAC address as the remote ID sub-option.
Use the combination of switch MAC address and IP address as the remote ID sub-option.
Use the user-defined value as the remote ID sub-option.
Factory Default
IP
IP
IP
IP
Description
Displays the value which you’ve set.
If you set the DHCP Option 82 type as Other, you will need to set it here.
Factory Default switch IP address
Display
Setting Description
The actual hexdecimal value set at the DHCP server for the
Remote-ID. This value is automatically generated according to the Value field. Users can not modify it.
Factory Default
COA87FFD
DHCP Function Table
Enable
Setting
Enable or Disable
Description
Enable or disable DHCP Option 82 function for this port.
Factory Default
Disable
Using Diagnosis
The EDS-828 provides two important tools for administrators to diagnose network systems.
Mirror Port
The Mirror port function can be used to monitor data being transmitted through a specific port. This is done by setting up another port (the mirror port) to receive the same data being transmitted from, or both to and from, the port under observation. This allows the network administrator to “sniff” the observed port and thus keep tabs on network activity.
Take the following steps to set up the Mirror Port function:
STEP 1
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Configure the EDS-828’s Mirror Port function from either the Console utility or Web Browser interface. You will need to configure three settings:
Monitored Port Select the port number of the port whose network activity will be monitored.
Mirror Port Select the port number of the port that will be used to monitor the activity of the monitored port.
Watch Direction Select one of the following three watch direction options:
• Output data stream
Select this option to monitor only those data packets being sent out through the
EDS-828’s port.
• Input data stream
Select this option to monitor only those data packets coming in through the
EDS-828’s port.
• Bi-directional
Select this option to monitor data packets both coming into, and being sent out through, the EDS-828’s port.
STEP 2
Be sure to activate your settings before exiting.
• When using the Web Browser interface, activate by clicking on the Activate button.
• When using the Console utility, activate by first highlighting the Activate menu option, and then press
Enter. You should receive the Mirror port settings are now active! (Press any key to continue) message.
Ping
The Ping function uses the ping command to give users a simple but powerful tool for troubleshooting network problems. The function’s most unique feature is that even though the ping command is entered from the user’s
PC keyboard, the actual ping command originates from the EDS-828 itself. In this way, the user can essentially
“sit on top of the EDS-828” and send ping commands out through its ports.
To use the Ping function, type in the desired IP address, and then press Enter from the Console utility, or click on Ping when using the Web Browser interface.
LLDP Function Overview
Defined by IEEE 802.11AB, LLDP is an OSI Layer 2 Protocol that standardizes the self-identity advertisement methodology. It allows each networking device, e.g. a Moxa managed switch, to periodically inform its neighbors about its self-information and configurations. As a result, all of the devices will have knowledge about each other; and through SNMP, this knowledge can be transferred to Moxa’s MXview for auto-topology and network visualization.
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LLDP Web Interface
From the switch’s web interface, users have the option of either enabling or disabling the LLDP, as well as setting the LLDP transmit interval (as shown in the figure below). In addition, users are able to view each switch’s neighbor-list, which is reported by its network neighbors. Most importantly, enabling the LLDP function allows Moxa’s MXview to automatically display the network’s topology as well as system setup details such as
VLAN, and Trunking for the entire network.
LLDP Settings
Enable LLDP
Setting
Enable or Disable
Description
Enable or disable LLDP function.
Factory Default
Enable
Message Transmit Interval
Setting
Numbers from 5 to
32768 secs
Description Factory Default
Sets the transmit interval of LLDP messages. Unit is in seconds. 30 (seconds)
LLDP Table
Port: The port number that connects to the neighbor device.
Neighbor ID: A unique entity which identifies a neighbor device; this is typically the MAC address.
Neighbor Port: The port number of the neighbor device.
Neighbor Port Description: A textual description of the neighbor device’s interface.
Neighbor System: Hostname of the neighbor device.
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Using Monitor
You can monitor statistics in real time from the EDS-828’s web console and serial console.
Monitor by Switch
Access the Monitor by selecting “System” from the left selection bar. Monitor by System allows the user to view a graph that shows the combined data transmission activity of all of the EDS-828’s ports. Click on one of the four options—All Packets, TX Packets, RX Packets, or Error Packets—to view transmission activity of specific types of packets. Recall that TX Packets are packets sent out from the EDS-828, RX Packets are packets received from connected devices, and Error Packets are packets that did not pass TCP/IP’s error checking algorithm. The All Packets option displays a graph that combines TX, RX, and Error Packet activity. The four graphs (All Packets, TX Packets, RX Packets, and Error Packets) have the same form, so we only show the All
Packets graph. The graph displays data transmission activity by showing Packets/s (i.e., packets per second, or pps) versus sec. (seconds). In fact, three curves are displayed on the same graph: Uni-cast packets (in red color), Multi-cast packets (in green color), and Broad-cast packets (in blue color). The graph is updated every few seconds, allowing the user to analyze data transmission activity in real-time.
Monitor by Port
Access the Monitor by Port function by selecting ALL Ports or Porti, in which i= 1, 2, …, 8, from the left pull-down list. The Porti options are identical to the Monitor by System function discussed above, in that users can view graphs that show All Packets, TX Packets, RX Packets, or Error Packets activity, but in this case, only for an individual port.
The All Ports option is essentially a graphical display of the individual port activity that can be viewed with the Console Monitor function discussed above. The All Ports option shows three vertical bars for each port. The height of the bar represents Packets/s for the type of packet, at the instant the bar is being viewed. That is, as time progresses, the height of the bar moves up or down so that the user can view the change in the rate of packet transmission. The red colored bar shows Uni-cast packets, the green colored bar shows Multi-cast packets, and the blue colored bar shows Broad-cast packets. The graph is updated every few seconds, allowing the user to analyze data transmission activity in real-time.
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Using the MAC Address Table
This section explains the information provided by the EDS-828’s MAC address table.
The MAC Address table can be configured to display the following the EDS-828 MAC address groups.
All
All Learned
All Static
All Multicast
Port x
Select this item to show all EDS-828’s MAC addresses
Select this item to show all EDS-828’s Learned MAC addresses
Select this item to show all EDS-828’s Static / Static Multicast MAC addresses
Select this item to show all EDS-828’s Multicast MAC addresses
Select this item to show all MAC addresses of dedicated ports
The table will display the following information:
MAC
Type
Port
This field shows the MAC address
This field shows the type of this MAC address
This field shows the port that this MAC address belongs to
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Using Layer 3 Settings
The EDS-828 is a Layer-3 switch that performs data switching on the Network Layer (Layer 3) of the ISO’s OSI layer model. Unlike Layer-2 switching, which uses the MAC address for exchanging data, a Layer-3 switch uses the IP address to represent the destination of a data packet.
Layer-2 switching Layer-3 switching
The Layer-3 Switching Concept
IP (Internet Protocol) is a protocol defined on layer 3 of the 7-layer OSI model. The IP address is used to address data packets on the Network Layer, and is not tied to the hardware of a device or PC. The IP address can be assigned by the system operator or network administrator.
Since Layer 2 switches use the MAC address to determine the destination of transmitted data packets, and
Layer 3 switches use IP address, some mechanism is needed to associate MAC addresses with IP addresses.
This is done by ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), which creates a table that matches MAC addresses to IP addresses.
When a PC sends out an ARP request, which is just a broadcast packet requiring the IP address owner to send back his MAC address, two situations could occur:
• If your PC and the IP address owner are on the same subnet, the IP address owner will use a unicast packet, which contains his MAC address, to reply to your PC. There after your PC will use this MAC address to transmit to the IP address owner directly.
• If your PC and the IP address owner are not on the same subnet, your PC will not receive a reply, so it will ask for the MAC address of the Layer-3 switch (gateway/ router). To transmit data packets to the IP address owner, your PC packs the data packet with the IP address, and sends the packet to the Layer-3 switch
(gateway/router) using its MAC address. The Layer-3 switch (gateway/router) receives the data packet, re-packs it, and then forwards it to the next hop according to the routing rules.
Static Routing and Dynamic Routing
The EDS-828 supports two routing methods: static routing and dynamic routing. Dynamic routing makes use of RIP V1/V1c/V2, and OSPF. You can either choose one routing method, or combine the two methods to establish your routing table.
A routing entry includes the following items: the destination address, the next hop address (which is the next router along the path to the destination address), and a metric that represents the cost we have to pay to access a different network.
Static Route
You can define the routes yourself by specifying what is the next hop (or router) that the EDS-828 forwards data for a specific subnet. The settings of the Static Route will be added to the routing table and stored in the
EDS-828.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
RIP is a distance vector-based routing protocol that can be used to automatically build up a routing table in the
EDS-828.
The EDS-828 can efficiently update and maintain the routing table, and optimize the routing by identifying the smallest metric and most matched mask prefix.
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Interface Setting
The IP Interface Setting page is used to assign the interface.
Featured Functions
Interface Name
Used to describe this interface (max. of 30 characters.)
IP Address
This option is used to specify the IP address of this interface.
Subnet Mask
This option is used to specify the subnet mask for this IP address.
VLAN ID
Setting
ID numbers
Description Factory Default
Display all available VLAN IDs that you have set in the Virtual
LAN. To establish an interface, you must first assign an available ID to this interface. If a VLAN ID is assigned twice, a warning message will appear.
None (if no VLAN ID is available)
Proxy ARP
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
This option is used to enable or disable the Proxy ARP.
Factory Default
Disabled
NOTE
There are three action buttons for setting up the IP Interface Table:
Add
To add a entry into the IP Interface Table
Delete
To remove the selected entries from the IP Interface Table
Modify
To modify the content of a selected entry in the IP Interface Table
The entries in the IP Interface Table will not be added to the EDS-828’s interface table until you click the
Activate button.
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Static Route
The Static Route page is used to set up the static routing table for the EDS-828.
Featured Functions
NOTE
Static Route Entry
Destination Address
You can specify the destination’s IP address.
Subnet Mask
This option is used to specify the subnet mask for this IP address.
Next Hop
This option is used to specify the next router along the path to the destination.
Metric
This option is used to specify the cost we have to pay to access the neighboring network.
Static Routing Table
There are three action buttons for setting up the Static Routing Table:
Add
To add an entry to the Static Routing Table
Delete
To remove the selected entries from the Static Routing Table
Modify
To modify the contents of a selected entry in the Static Routing Table
The entries in the Static Routing Table will not be added to the EDS-828’s routing table until you click the
Activate button.
RIP Setting
RIP is a distance-vector routing protocol that employs the hop count as a routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from the source to a destination. The RIP page is used to set up the RIP parameters.
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NOTE
RIP Enable
Setting
Enable/Disable
Description
This option is used to enable or disable the RIP function globally.
Factory Default
Disabled
RIP Version
You can specify which version the RIP should follow. You can also select V1 Compatibility to make sure the RIP packet of Version 1 can be received as well.
RIP Distribution
Setting
Connected
Static
OSPF
Description
The entries that are learned from the connected ports will be re-distributed if this option is enabled.
Factory Default
Unchecked
(disabled)
The entries that are set in a static route will be re-distributed if this option is enabled.
The entries that are learned from the OSPF will be re-distributed if this option is enabled.
Unchecked
(disabled)
Unchecked
(disabled)
RIP Enable Table
This is a table showing the entries learned from RIP.
The RIP settings will not function until you click the Activate button.
OSPF Settings
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a dynamic routing protocol for use in Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
Specifically, it is a link-state routing protocol and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols, operating within a single autonomous system. As a link-state routing protocol, OSPF establishes and maintains neighbor relationships in order to exchange routing updates with other routers. The neighbor relationship table is called an adjacency database in OSPF. OSPF forms neighbor relationships only with the routers directly connected to it. In order to form a neighbor relationship between two routers, the interfaces used to form the relationship must be in the same area. An interface can only belong to a single area. With OSPF enabled, EDS-828 is capable to exchange routing information with other L3 switches or routers more efficiently in a large system. The OSPF
Settings page is used to set up OSPF configurations.
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OSPF Global Settings
Featured Functions
Each L3 switch/router has an OSPF router ID, customarily written in the dotted decimal format (e.g., 1.2.3.4) of an IP address. This ID must be established in every OSPF instance. If not explicitly configured, the default ID
(0.0.0.0) will be regarded as the router ID. Since the router ID is an IP address, it does not have to be a part of any routable subnet in the network.
OSPF State, OSPF Router ID, Current Router ID, Redistribute
Setting
OSPF State
OSPF Router ID
Current Router ID
Redistribute
Description
Select the option to enable/disable the OSPF
Function.
Set the L3 switch’s Router ID.
Show the current L3 switch’s Router ID.
Redistribute routing information to other protocols
Factory Default
Disable
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
Connected
OSPF Area Settings
An OSPF domain is divided into areas that are labeled with 32-bit area identifiers which are commonly written in the dot-decimal notation of an IPv4 address. Areas are used to divide a large network into smaller network areas. They are logical groupings of hosts and networks, including their routers having interfaces connected to any of the included networks. Each area maintains a separate link state database whose information may be summarized towards the rest of the network by the connecting router. Thus, the topology of an area is unknown outside of the area. This reduces the amount of routing traffic between parts of an autonomous system.
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OSPF Area Entry
Area ID, Area Type, Metric
Setting
Area ID
Area Type
Metric
Description
Define the areas that this L3 switch/router connects to.
Define the area type, Stub Area or NSSA.
Define the metric value.
OSPF Area Table
Shows the current OSPF area table in the L3 switch/router.
Featured Functions
Factory Default
0.0.0.0
Normal
0
OSPF Interface Settings
Before using OSPF, we have to assign an interface for each area. Also the detailed information of the interface can be defined in this section. See the details in the following descriptions:
OSPF Interface Setting Entry
Configuration details
Setting
Interface Name
Area ID
Router Priority
Hello Interval
Dead Interval
Auth Type
Description
Define the interface name.
Define the Area ID.
Define the L3 switch/router’s priority.
Factory Default
N/A
N/A
Hello packets are packets that an OSPF process sends to its
OSPF neighbors to maintain connectivity with those neighbors.
The hello packets are sent at a configurable interval (in seconds). The value of all hello intervals must be the same within a network.
The dead interval is also a configurable interval (in seconds), and defaults to four times the value of the hello interval.
1
10
40
OSPF authentication allows the flexibility to authenticate OSPF neighbors. Users can enable authentication to exchange
None routing update information in a secure manner. OSPF authentication can either be none, simple, or MD5. However, authentication is not necessary to be set. If it is set, all L3 switches / routers on the same segment must have the same password and authentication method.
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Auth Key
MD5 Key ID
Metric
Authentication key means the clear-text password when using N/A
“Simple” method of the authentication type or MD5 encrypted password when using MD5 of authentication type.
1 MD5 authentication provides higher security than plain text authentication. This method uses the MD5 to calculate a hash value from the contents of the OSPF packet and the authentication key. This hash value is transmitted in the packet, along with a key ID.
Manually set Metric / Cost of OSPF. 1
OSPF Interface Table
Shows the current OSPF interface table in a list.
Area ID, Area Type, Metric
Setting
Area ID
Area Type
Metric
Description
Define the areas that this L3 switch/router connects to.
Define the area type, Stub Area or NSSA.
Define the metric value.
Factory Default
0.0.0.0
Normal
0
OSPF Virtual Link Settings
All areas in an OSPF autonomous system must be physically connected to the backbone area (Area 0.0.0.0).
However, this is impossible in some cases. For those cases, users can create a virtual link to connect to the backbone through a non-backbone area and also use virtual links to connect two parts of a partitioned backbone through a non-backbone area.
OSPF Virtual Link Entry
Configuration details
Setting
Transit Area ID
Neighbor Router ID
Description
Define the areas that this L3 switch/router connects to.
Define the neighbor L3 switch/route’s ID.
OSPF Virtual Link Table
Shows the current OSPF virtual link table.
Factory Default
N/A
N/A
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OSPF Area Aggregation Settings
Featured Functions
Each of OSPF areas which consist of a set of interconnected subnets and traffic across areas is handled by routers attached to two or more areas, known as Area Border Routers (ABRs). With OSPF aggregation function, users can combine groups of routes with common addresses into a single routing table entry. The function is used to reduce the size of routing tables.
OSPF Aggregation Entry
Configuration details
Setting
Area ID
Network Address
Network Mask
Description
Select the Area ID that you want to configure.
Fill in the network address in the area.
Fill in the network mask.
Factory Default
N/A
N/A
N/A
OSPF Aggregation Table
Shows the current OSPF aggregation table.
OSPF Neighbor Table
Shows the current OSPF neighbor table.
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OSPF Database Table
Shows the current OSPF database table.
VRRP Settings
Featured Functions
The Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) feature can solve the static configuration problem. VRRP enables a group of routers to form a single virtual router with a virtual IP address. The LAN clients can then be configured with the virtual router’s virtual IP address as their default gateway. The virtual router is the combination of a group of routers, and also known as a VRRP group.
Enable
Setting
Enable
Description
Checkmark the checkbox to enable the VRRP.
Factory Default
N/A
VRRP Interface Setting Entry
Setting
Enable
Virtual IP
Virtual Router ID
Description
Determines to enable the VRRP entry or not.
Factory Default
Disabled
L3 switches / routers in the same VRRP group must have the identical virtual IP address like VRRP ID. This virtual IP address must belong to the same address range as the real IP address of the interface.
0.0.0.0
Virtual Router ID is used to assign a VRRP group. The L3 switches / routers, which operate as master / backup, should have the same
ID. Moxa L3 switches / routers support one virtual router ID for each interface. The usable range of ID is 1 to 255.
0
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Priority
Preemption Mode
Determines priority in a VRRP group. The priority value range is
1 to 255 and the 255 is the highest priority. If several L3 switches / routers have the same priority, the router with higher IP address has the higher priority. The usable range is “1 to 255”.
100
Determines whether a backup L3 switch / router will take the authority of master or not.
Enabled
Routing Table
The Routing Table page shows all routing entries used by the EDS-828.
All Routing Entry List
Setting
All
Connected
Static
RIP
OSPF
Description
Show all routing rules
Show connected routing rules
Show static routing rules
Show RIP exchanged routing rules
Show OSPF exchanged routing rules
Using System Log
Event Log
Factory Default
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
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Item
Bootup
Date
Time
System Startup
Time
Events
Description
This field shows how many times the EDS-828 has been rebooted or cold started.
The date is updated based on how the current date is set in the “Basic Setting” page.
The time is updated based on how the current time is set in the “Basic Setting” page.
The system startup time related to this event.
Events that have occurred.
Syslog Settings
This function provides the event logs for the syslog server. The function supports 3 configurable syslog servers and syslog server UDP port numbers. When an event occurs, the event will be sent as a syslog UDP packet to the specified syslog servers.
Syslog Server 1
Setting
IP Address
Description
Enter the IP address of 1st Syslog Server used by your network.
Enter the UDP port of 1st Syslog Server. Port Destination
(1 to 65535)
Syslog Server 2
Setting
IP Address
Description
Enter the IP address of 2nd Syslog Server used by your network.
Enter the UDP port of 2nd Syslog Server. Port Destination (1 to
65535)
Syslog Server 3
Setting
IP Address
Port Destination (1 to
65535)
Description
Enter the IP address of 3rd Syslog Server used by your network.
Enter the UDP port of 3rd Syslog Server.
Factory Default
None
514
Factory Default
None
514
Factory Default
None
514
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NOTE The following events will be recorded into the EDS-828’s Event Log table, and will then be sent to the specified
Syslog Server:
1. Cold start
2. Warm start
3. Configuration change activated
4. Power 1/2 transition (Off ( On), Power 1/2 transition (On ( Off)
5. Authentication fail
6. Topology changed
7. Master setting is mismatched
8. DI 1/2 transition (Off ( On), DI 1/2 transition (On ( Off)
9. Port traffic overload
10. dot1x Auth Fail
11. Port link off / on
Using HTTPS/SSL
To secure your HTTP access, the EDS-828 supports HTTPS/SSL to encrypt all HTTP traffic. Perform the following steps to access the EDS-828’s web browser interface via HTTPS/SSL.
1. Open Internet Explorer and type https://EDS-828’s IP address in the address field. Press Enter to establish the connection.
2. Warning messages will pop out to warn the user that the security certificate was issued by a company they have not chosen to trust.
3. Select Yes to enter the EDS-828’s web browser interface and access the web browser interface secured via
HTTPS/SSL.
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NOTE Moxa provides a Root CA certificate. After installing this certificate into your PC or Notebook, you can access the web browser interface directly and will not see any warning messages again. You may download the certificate from the EDS-828A’s CD-ROM.
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4.
EDS Configurator GUI
EDS Configurator is a comprehensive Windows-based GUI that is used to configure and maintain multiple EDS switches. A suite of useful utilities is available to help you locate EDS switches attached to the same LAN as the
PC host (regardless of whether or not you know the IP addresses of the switches), connect to an EDS switches whose IP address is known, modify the network configurations of one or multiple EDS switches, and update the firmware of one or more EDS switches. EDS Configurator is designed to provide you with instantaneous control of all of your EDS switches, regardless of location. You may download the EDS Configurator software from
Moxa’s website free of charge.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
EDS-828 Series EDS Configurator GUI
Starting EDS Configurator
To start EDS Configurator, locate and then run the executable file edscfgui.exe.
NOTE You may download the EDS Configurator software from Moxa’s website at www.moxa.com.
For example, if the file was placed on the Windows desktop, it should appear as follows. Simply double click on the icon to run the program.
The Moxa EtherDevice Server Configurator window will open, as shown below.
Broadcast Search
Use the Broadcast Search utility to search the LAN for all EDS switches that are connected to the LAN. Note that since the search is done by MAC address, Broadcast Search will not be able to locate Moxa EtherDevice Servers connected outside the PC host’s LAN. Start by clicking on the Broadcast Search icon
Broadcast Search under the List Server menu.
, or by selecting
The Broadcast Search window will open, displaying a list of all switches located on the network, as well as the progress of the search.
Once the search is complete, the Configurator window will display a list of all switches that were located.
4-2
EDS-828 Series EDS Configurator GUI
Search by IP address
This utility is used to search for one EDS switch at a time. Note that the search is conducted by IP address, so you should be able to locate any EDS switch that is properly connected to your LAN, WAN, or even the Internet.
Start by clicking on the Specify by IP address icon
Server menu.
, or by selecting Specify IP address under the List
The Search Server with IP Address window will open. Enter the IP address of the switch you wish to search for, and then click OK.
Once the search is complete, the Configurator window will add the switch to the list of switches.
Upgrade Firmware
Keep your EDS switch up to date with the latest firmware from Moxa. Take the following steps to upgrade the firmware:
1. Download the updated firmware (*.rom) file from the Moxa website (www.moxa.com).
2. Click on the switch (from the Moxa EtherDevice Server Configurator window) whose firmware you wish to upgrade to highlight it.
3. Click on the Upgrade Firmware toolbar icon , or select Upgrade under the Firmware menu. If the switch is Locked, you will be prompted to input the switch’s User Name and Password.
4. Use the Open window to navigate to the folder that contains the firmware upgrade file, and then click on the correct “*.rom” file (eds.rom in the example shown below) to select the file. Click on Open to activate the upgrade process.
4-3
EDS-828 Series EDS Configurator GUI
Modify IP Address
You may use the Modify IP Address function to reconfigure the EDS’s network settings. Start by clicking on the
Modify IP address icon , or by selecting Modify IP address under the Configuration menu.
The Setup Configuration window will open. Checkmark the box to the left of those items that you wish to modify, and then Disable or Enable DHCP, and enter IP Address, Subnet mask, Gateway, and DNS IP. Click OK to accept the changes to the configuration.
Export Configuration
The Export Configuration utility is used to save the entire configuration of a specified EDS switch to a text file.
Take the following steps to export a configuration:
1. Highlight the switch (from the Server list in the Configurator window’s left pane), and then click on the
Export toolbar icon or select Export Configuration from the Configuration menu. Use the Open window to navigate to the folder in which you want to store the configuration, and then type the name of the file in the File name input box. Click on Open.
2. Click on OK when the Export configuration to file OK message appears.
4-4
EDS-828 Series EDS Configurator GUI
3. You may use a standard text editor, such as Notepad under Windows, to view and modify the newly created configuration file.
Import Configuration
The Import Configuration function is used to import an entire configuration from a text file to an EDS switch.
This utility can be used to transfer the configuration from one EDS switch to another, by first using the Export
Configuration function (described in the previous section) to save a switch configuration to a file, and then using the Import Configuration function. Take the following steps to import a configuration:
1. Highlight the server (from the Moxa EtherDevice Switch list in the Configurator window’s left pane), and then click on the Import toolbar icon menu.
, or select Import Configuration from the Configuration
2. Use the Open window to navigate to the text file that contains the desired configuration. Once the file is selected, click on Open to initiate the import procedure.
4-5
EDS-828 Series EDS Configurator GUI
3. The Setup Configuration window will be displayed, with a special note attached at the bottom.
Parameters that have been changed will be activated with a checkmark. You may make more changes if necessary, and then click on OK to accept the changes.
4. Click on Yes in response to the following warning message to accept the new settings.
Unlock Server
The Unlock Server function is used to open a password protected switch so that the user can modify its configuration, import/export a configuration, etc. There are six possible responses under the Status column.
The Status of an EDS switch indicates how the switch was located (by Moxa EtherDevice Switch Configurator), and what type of password protection it has.
The six options are as follows (note that the term Fixed is borrowed from the standard fixed IP address networking terminology):
• Locked
The switch is password protected, “Broadcast Search” was used to locate it, and the password has not yet been entered from within the current Configurator session.
• Unlocked
The switch is password protected, “Broadcast Search” was used to locate it, and the password has been entered from within the current Configurator session. Henceforth during this Configurator session, activating various utilities for this switch will not require re-entering the server password.
• Blank
The switch is not password protected, and “Broadcast Search” was used to locate it.
Follow the steps given below to unlock a locked EDS switch (i.e., an EDS switch with Status “Locked”). Highlight the server (from the Moxa EtherDevice Switch list in the Configurator window’s left pane), and then click on the
Unlock toolbar icon , or select Unlock from the Configuration menu.
4-6
EDS-828 Series EDS Configurator GUI
1. Enter the switch’s User Name and Password when prompted, and then click OK.
2. When the Unlock status window reports Progress as OK, click on the Close button in the upper right corner of the window.
3. The status of the switch will now read Unlocked.
4-7
A
A.
MIB Groups
The EDS-828 comes with built-in SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) agent software that supports cold/warm start trap, line up/down trap, and RFC 1213 MIB-II.
The standard MIB groups that the EDS-828 series support are:
MIB II.1—System Group
sysORTable
MIB II.2—Interfaces Group
ifTable
MIB II.4—IP Group
ipAddrTable ipNetToMediaTable
IpGroup
IpBasicStatsGroup
IpStatsGroup
MIB II.5—ICMP Group
IcmpGroup
IcmpInputStatus
IcmpOutputStats
MIB II.6—TCP Group
tcpConnTable
TcpGroup
TcpStats
MIB II.7—UDP Group
udpTable
UdpStats
MIB II.10—Transmission Group
dot3 dot3StatsTable
MIB II.11—SNMP Group
SnmpBasicGroup
SnmpInputStats
SnmpOutputStats
EDS-828 Series MIB Groups
MIB II.17—dot1dBridge Group
dot1dBase dot1dBasePortTable dot1dStp dot1dStpPortTable dot1dTp dot1dTpFdbTable dot1dTpPortTable dot1dTpHCPortTable dot1dTpPortOverflowTable pBridgeMIB dot1dExtBase dot1dPriority dot1dGarp qBridgeMIB dot1qBase dot1qTp dot1qFdbTable dot1qTpPortTable dot1qTpGroupTable dot1qForwardUnregisteredTable dot1qStatic dot1qStaticUnicastTable dot1qStaticMulticastTable dot1qVlan dot1qVlanCurrentTable dot1qVlanStaticTable dot1qPortVlanTable
The EDS-828 also provides a private MIB file, located in the file “Moxa-EDS828-MIB.my” on the EDS-828 Series utility CD-ROM.
Public Traps:
1. Cold Start
2. Link Up
3. Link Down
4. Authentication Failure
5. dot1dBridge New Root
6. dot1dBridge Topology Changed
Private Traps:
1. Configuration Changed
2. Power On
3. Power Off
4. Traffic Overloaded
5. Turbo Ring Topology Changed
6. Turbo Ring Coupling Port Changed
7. Turbo Ring Master Mismatch
8. Module Inserted
9. Module Removed
A-2
B
B.
Modbus/TCP Map
EDS-828 Modbus information v1.0
Read Only Registers (Support Function Code 4) 1 Word = 2 Bytes
Address
0x0000
0x0001
0x0002
0x0010
0x0030
0x0050
0x0051
0x0053
Data Type
1 word
1 word
1 word
20 words
20 words
1 word
2 words
2 words
Description
System Information
Vendor ID = 0x1393
Unit ID (Ethernet = 1)
Product Code = 0x0006
Vendor Name = "Moxa"
Word 0 Hi byte = ‘M’
Word 0 Lo byte = ‘o’
Word 1 Hi byte = ‘x’
Word 1 Lo byte = ‘a’
Word 2 Hi byte = ‘\0’
Word 2 Lo byte = ‘\0’
Product Name = "EDS-828"
Word 0 Hi byte = ‘E’
Word 0 Lo byte = ‘D’
Word 1 Hi byte = ‘S’
Word 1 Lo byte = ‘-’
Word 2 Hi byte = ‘8’
Word 2 Lo byte = ‘2’
Word 3 Hi byte = ‘8’
Word 3 Lo byte = ‘\0’
Word 4 Hi byte = ‘\0’
Word 4 Lo byte = ‘\0’
Product Serial Number
Firmware Version
Word 0 Hi byte = major (A)
Word 0 Lo byte = minor (B)
Word 1 Hi byte = release (C)
Word 1 Lo byte = build (D)
Firmware Release Date
Firmware was released on 2007-05-06 at 09 o’clock
Word 0 = 0x0609
Word 1 = 0x0705
EDS-828 Series
0x0055
0x0058
0x0059
0x005A
0x0080
0x0081
0x0082
0x0083
0x1000 to 0x1011
0x1100 to 0x1111
0x1200 to 0x1211
0x1300 to 0x1311
3 words
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
Modbus/TCP Map
Ethernet MAC Address
Ex: MAC = 00-01-02-03-04-05
Word 0 Hi byte = 0x00
Word 0 Lo byte = 0x01
Word 1 Hi byte = 0x02
Word 1 Lo byte = 0x03
Word 2 Hi byte = 0x04
Word 2 Lo byte = 0x05
Power 1
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
Power 2
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
Fault LED Status
0x0000:No
0x0001:Yes
DI1
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
DI2
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
DO1
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
DO2
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
Port Information
Port 1 to 10 Status
0x0000:Link down
0x0001:Link up
0x0002:Disable
0xFFFF:No port
Port 1 to 10 Speed
0x0000:10M-Half
0x0001:10M-Full
0x0002:100M-Half
0x0003:100M-Full
0x0004:1G-Half
0x0005:1G- Full
0xFFFF:No port
Port 1 to 10 Flow Ctrl
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0xFFFF:No port
Port 1 to 10 MDI/MDIX
0x0000:MDI
0x0001:MDIX
0xFFFF:No port
B-2
EDS-828 Series Modbus/TCP Map
0x1400 to 0x1413(Port 1)
0x1414 to 0x1427(Port 2)
0x2000 to 0x2023
0x2100 to 0x2123
0x2200 to 0x2223
0x2300 to 0x2323
0x3000
0x3100
0x3200 to 0x3211
0x3300
20 words Port 1 to 10 Description
Port Description = "100TX,RJ45."
Word 0 Hi byte = ‘1’
Word 0 Lo byte = ‘0’
Word 1 Hi byte = ‘0’
Word 1 Lo byte = ‘T’
…
Word 4 Hi byte = ‘4’
Word 4 Lo byte = ‘5’
Word 5 Hi byte = ‘.’
Word 5 Lo byte = ‘\0’
2 words
2 words
2 words
2 words
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
Packet Information
Port 1 to 10 Tx Packets
Ex: port 1 Tx Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211
Port 1 to 10 Rx Packets
Ex: port 1 Rx Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211 port 1 to 10 Tx Error Packets
Ex: port 1 Tx Error Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211 port 1 to 10 Rx Error Packets
Ex: port 1 Rx Error Packets = 0x44332211
Word 0 = 4433
Word 1 = 2211
Redundancy Information
Redundancy Protocol
0x0000:None
0x0001:RSTP
0x0002:Turbo Ring
0x0003:Turbo Ring V2
0x0004:Turbo Chain
RSTP Root
0x0000:Not Root
0x0001:Root
0xFFFF:RSTP Not Enable
RSTP Port 1 to 10 Status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not RSTP Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:RSTP Not Enable
TR Master/Slave
0x0000:Slave
0x0001:Master
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enable
B-3
EDS-828 Series
0x3301
0x3302
0x3303
0x3304
0x3305
0x3500
0x3501
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
Modbus/TCP Map
TR 1st Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
TR 2nd Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
TR Coupling
0x0000:Off
0x0001:On
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enable
TR Coupling Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enable
TR Coupling Control Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0005:Forwarding
0x0006:Inactive
0x0007:Active
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring Not Enable
TR2 Coupling Mode
0x0000:None
0x0001:Dual Homing
0x0002:Coupling Backup
0x0003:Coupling Primary
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
TR2 Coupling Port Primary status
(Using in Dual Homing, Coupling Backup, Coupling
Primary)
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
B-4
EDS-828 Series
0x3502
0x3680
0x3681
0x3682
0x3600
0x3601
0x3602
0x3603
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
Modbus/TCP Map
TR2 Coupling Port Backup status
(Only using in Dual Homing)
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Coupling Port
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 1 status
0x0000:Healthy
0x0001:Break
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 1 Master/Slave
0x0000:Slave
0x0001:Master
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 1 1st Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 1 2nd Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 1 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 2 status
0x0000:Healthy
0x0001:Break
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 2 Master/Slave
0x0000:Slave
0x0001:Master
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
TR2 Ring 2 1st Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
B-5
EDS-828 Series
0x3683
0x3700
0x3701
0x3702
1 word
1 word
1 word
1 word
Modbus/TCP Map
TR2 Ring 2 2nd Port status
0x0000:Port Disabled
0x0001:Not Redundant
0x0002:Link Down
0x0003:Blocked
0x0004:Learning
0x0005:Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
Turbo Chain Switch Role
0x0000:Head
0x0001:Member
0x0002:Tail
0xFFFF: Turbo Chain Not Enable
Turbo Chain 1st Port status
0x0000: Link Down
0x0001: Blocking
0x0002: Blocked
0x0003: Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
Turbo Chain 2nd Port status
0x0000: Link Down
0x0001: Blocking
0x0002: Blocked
0x0003: Forwarding
0xFFFF:Turbo Ring V2 Ring 2 Not Enable
B-6
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