K8048

PIC PROGRAMMER

BOARD

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

Velleman Kits

Welcome to the exciting world of Velleman Kits.

Velleman Kit is known all over the world for our High Quality electronic kits. Our range goes from easy to build Mini Kits to more advanced

Kits such as High-End audio circuits, domotic systems and computer interface kits.

Because of the huge success of our sophisticated measuring instruments like the PC- and hand-held oscilloscopes, we've founded the Velleman Instruments division.

The Velleman Kit team

Contents

I

Table of Contents

general

FCC information

Specifications

Connection

Hardware installation

Programming Procedure

Compiling ................................................................................................................................... 5

2

2

3

3

4

5

Experiments

ICSP

11

13

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

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general

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The K8048 is a multifunctional programmer for Microchip ® PIC™ FLASH microcontrollers*. These controllers can be reprogrammed a large number of times, making it easy to upgrade the software of a device in which they are implemented or allowing the user to experiment to his heart's content.

Different IC types can be programmed and various LEDs and push buttons allow the testing of small circuits on the programmer print.

The use of this programmer consists of two important stages: in the first stage the program code is written on an ASCII word processor (e.g. NotePAD) included in the standard Microsoft Windows package or you can use the Microchip's development package MPLAB, which you can find on their site www.microchip.com.

Upon conclusion of the compilation phase the program is programmed in the processor via the

K8048 by means of the PICPROG2 software. The K8048 has room available for the direct mounting of 4 different 'footprints', 8 pins, 14 pins, 18 pins and 28 pins. Other 'footprint' types can also be used via the ICSP connector. This addition allows the use of controllers with different connections or controllers mounted in a device. The latter can be programmed without removing them from their holders (see ICSP).

You can start programming immediately with the enclosed controller.

* The Microchip name and logo, PIC and PICmicro are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. in the USA and other countries

FCC information

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules provided the enclosed instructions are followed to the letter. Use of the device is subject to the following conditions: (1) this device must not cause harmful interference and (2) the operation of this device should not be influenced by unwanted interference.

More information about FCC can be look at http://www.fcc.gov/

FCC information

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3 Specifications

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· Suitable for programming Microchip® FLASH PIC(tm) microcontrollers.

· Supports 4 different 300 mil. PICs: 8p, 14p, 18p and 28p.

· Test buttons and LED indicators to carry out educational experiments e.g. the enclosed programming examples.

· Easily to connect to a PC via the serial port.

· Enclosed is a Flash Microcontroller (PIC16F627) that can be reprogrammed up to 1000 times.

· Software is included to compile and program your source code.

· Power: 12 or 15V DC, min. 300mA, non-regulated adapter:

· (PS1205 / PS1208/PS1508 (230Vac))

· (PS1208USA (115Vac))

· IBM-compatible PC, Pentium or higher, with Windows™ 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP, CDROM and a free serial RS232 port (cable not included, e.g. CW014).

· Supports these FLASH microcontrollers:

· PIC12F629, PIC12F675, PIC16F83, PIC16F84(A), PIC16F871, PIC16F872,

· PIC16F873, PIC16F874, PIC16F876, PIC16F627(A),PIC16F628(A),PICF630, ….*

· Dimensions: 145 mm x 100 mm.

(*) Visit our website for the updated list and software updates : www.velleman.be

Connection

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

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Hardware installation

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Connect your PC with the K8048 via a 9-pin serial cable.

Use a free serial port and ensure that the installed software cannot cause an interrupt conflict on this port when working with the K8048 e.g. executive programs for other programmers, measuring devices, PDA's, etc...

Place selector (SW5) in the central position (standby).

Connect a non-regulated 12 to 15V DC adapter of min. 300mA with the K8048 via SK1

(compatible Velleman adapters: PS1205 / PS1208 / PS1508 (230Vac) or

PS1208USA (115Vac))

The 'POWER' LED (LD7) should now be the only one to light, indicating that the power supply of the K8048 is OK.

Hardware installation

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6 Programming Procedure

Programming the microcontrollers: preparations

· Writing or modifying the source code: the source code is usually written in PIC assembler.

Look at the examples in the Velleman\K8048\Examples\ folder.

· Compiling: the code you have written in comprehensible language is converted into machine language. In this instance the Microchip PIC assembler software, MPASMWIN.EXE, is used.

· Programming: the machine code is programmed in the processor via your PC and the K8048, using the PROGPIC2.EXE software

· Erase pic device: erasing the contents of a controller

6.1

Writing/changing a program

In order to write or modify a program: \Velleman\K8048\Examples\DEMOF627.ASM

Example of a program treated with 'NOTEPAD'.

6.2

Compiling

Start MPASMWIN.EXE in the \Velleman\K8048 folder

The following setup screen is displayed ( click on the number for more details ):

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

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1 This is the name and location of your source code file e.g. C:\TEST\DEMOF267.ASM

2. Select the format of the machine code you wish to create. Always select 'HEXADEMICAL' for the K8048.

3. The variables are checked for spelling mistakes if this option is checked off (capitals or small letters)

4. Determines to what extent error messages and warnings are generated in the error file.

Preferably you should tick off ALL MESSAGES of ERRORS ONLY.

5. Simply keep the default setting for this option. In the 'ON'-setting the macros are fully written out in the LIST-file (xxx.LST).

6. This is the word length of the bytes. Always select 'INHX8M' in the machine code file for the

PROGPIC2 software that comes with the K8048. Other choices will result in illegible or non functioning machine code.

7. Here you can click on the files you want to generate in addition to the HEX machine code.

Error file: the error messages are saved in this file.

List file: this file contains your source code + error messages and additional information.

There is no need to generate the CROSS REFERENCE & OBJECT files because they are not compatible with the K8048 anyway .

8. Select the processor you're using. Important remark : with some PIC's the number is followed by a generation code e.g. PIC16F84A.

9. Indicate the column width in number of characters in the generated text files.

Click on <ASSEMBLE> when all the settings are correct.

The following screen is displayed if no errors are found in the source code.

Programming Procedure

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The assembler will now generate the following files:

· xxx.ERR

=> Error file, contains all errors and/or all warnings MPASM assembler has located in your source code

· xxx.Hex

=> This is the actual machine code file to be used by the programming software for the programming of the controller).

· xxx.LST

=> Listing file, contains your source code and the additional remarks generated by the assembler.

· xxx.COD

=> Code file, is only used by the MPLAB programming environment and NOT by the

K8048 software.

6.3

Actual programming of the microcontroller

· Connect your K8048 with your computer via a free serial port.

· The IRQ line of this erial port (IRQ 3 or 4) must not be used by another device e.g. internal modem.

· Connect the suitable power adapter and verify whether LD7 lights up ("Power LED").

· Start the 'PROGPIC2, PIC programmer' program (in the folder C:\Velleman\K8048\).

· Click on 'FILE' -> 'OPEN' and select the compiled program (Hex 8M-file) you want to program.

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

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Check the settings of the software

1.

Set the number of the serial port the K8048 is connected to.

2.

Writing the CODE: (standard = ON).

3.

Writing the EEPROM data (standard = ON).

4.

Writing the configuration settings (standard = ON).

5.

ERASE before WRITE: (standard = ON). This indicates that the controller is erased prior to programming.

6.

LOW VOLTAGE Programming: does not apply to the K8048. All controllers are programmed with a programming voltage (VPP) of 13 and not 5V.

7.

Select the microcontroller you are using. The included microcontroller belongs to one of the two following types : PIC16F627 of PIC16F627A. Make sure you have selected the right type number.

8.

Normally speaking the configuration of the controller is identified with the __CONFIG compiler directive as early as in the source code. Only experienced users can set these options manually or adjust them.

Programming Procedure

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6.3.1

Programming

· Make sure that SW5 is placed in the central position (standby)

· Put the controller in the appropriate IC socket: o insert the 8-pin PIC in socket IC1 o insert the 14-pin PIC in socket IC2 o insert the 18-pin PIC in socket IC3 o insert the 28-pin PIC in socket IC4

· Now put SW5 in the 'PROG' position. The warning LED LD9 starts to flash. This means that no controller can be connected with or disconnected from a socket with SW5 in this position.

· Click on WRITE and the controller is programmed. You can monitor this process in the

'Activity' box. The 'READ/WRITE' indication lights (LED LD8).

· Put SW5 in the central position (STANDBY) again when the programming is finished. Only then can you remove the controller or switch to test mode (see test push buttons and diagnostics

LEDs under 'Experiments').

Put SW5 in the 'RUN' position to test the program (if it was written to be used with the test push buttons and LEDs.

1. Press this button to read out a program and data from a controller provided the latter is not code-protected. PIC's for which the code protection bit has been activated can no longer be read out, only erased which automatically means that all code will also be erased. The hexadecimal machine code is saved in a text file.

* Attention: Put SW5 in the 'PROG'-position to use this function !

2. The controller is programmed. You can monitor this process in the 'Activity' box. The

'READ/WRITE' indication lights (LD8).

3. This key enables you to check if the PIC has saved the program you programmed correctly.Remember that the controller must NOT be code-protected; otherwise you will not be able to perform your check. During programming every byte is checked automatically to verify whether it's been saved correctly. Only then will the code protection be activated.

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

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* Attention: Place SW5 in the 'PROG'-position in order to use this function !

4. Enables the user to view and modify data stored in a controller's EEPROM. * Attention: Place

SW5 in the 'PROG'-position in order to use this function !

5. Leave this adjustment in the standard setting : 'NORMAL'. When you're having trouble programming you can set the speed on 'HIGH' if you have a slow PC or you can select 'LOW' if your PC is extremely fast. This compensates for the difference in speed.

6. Enables you to see which address or address area the software uses to read or write.

7. Name of the file loaded in the memory and to be used for the programming.

6.4

Erase pic device

Erasing the contents of a controller:

1.

Is used to erase the entire contents of a program from a controller.

2.

Only used to erase the EEPROM data.

3.

Can be used to deactivate the code protection. However, you will no longer be able to read the contents or use the program.

* Attention: Put SW5 in the 'PROG' position to use this function !

1. Is used to erase the entire contents of a program from a controller.

2. Only used to erase the EEPROM data.

3. Can be used to deactivate the code protection. However, you will no longer be able to read the contents or use the program.

Read the C:\Velleman\K8048\Examples folder for examples of programs.

Updates of the programming software and additional examples can be downloaded from our site www.velleman.be

Programming Procedure

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7 Experiments

LD1

LD2

LD3

LD4

LD5

LD6

SW1

SW2

SW3

SW4

Use of the experiment push buttons and LEDs:

The K8048 is equipped with a max. of 4 test inputs that can be operated manually with

SW1,SW2,SW3 and SW4.

The device also has 6 diagnostics LEDs that enable the user to simulate outputs.

Click on the link "cross-reference table" to determine for every IC socket which I/O line is linked to which push button or LED.

8 pin PIC socket 14 pin PIC socket

GP2 (pin 5) RC0 (pin 10)

GP4 (pin 3)

NC

NC

NC

NC

GP5 (pin 2)

NC

NC

NC

RC1 (pin 9)

RC2 (pin 8)

RC3 (pin 7)

RC4 (pin 6)

NC

RC5 (pin 5)

RA2 (pin 11)

NC

NC

18 pin PIC socket 28 pin PIC socket

RB0 (pin 6) RA0 (pin 2)

RB1 (pin 7)

RB2 (pin 8)

RB3 (pin 9)

RB4 (pin 10)

RB5 (pin 11)

RA0 (pin 17)

RA1 (pin 18)

RA2 (pin 1)

RA3 (pin 2)

RA1 (pin 3)

RA2 (pin 4)

RA3 (pin 5)

RA4 (pin 6)

RA5 (pin 7)

RB0 (pin 21)

RB1 (pin 22)

RB2 (pin 23)

RB4 (pin 25)

Remarks: The I/O lines coming from a pushbutton have to be configured as inputs in the source

(a 1 in the TRIS-register for that particular entrance). The I/O lines connected with a LED must be configured as exits in the sources (a 0 in the TRIS-register for that particular entrance).

Selecting an oscillator with the jumpers

These jumpers allow you to select which IC socket crystal X1 uses.

· Place the shunts in locations JP1 & JP2 for use with the 14-pin socket (e.g. PIC16F630).

· Place the shunts in locations JP3 & JP4 for use with the 18-pin socket (e.g. PIC16F627).

· Place the shunts in locations JP5 & JP6 for use with the 28-pin socket (e.g. PIC16F87x).

· No selection can be made for the 8-pin socket since you would lose two I/O's. With this particular experiment board you can only use the internal oscillator with this socket.

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components

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Step-by-step execution of a sample program.

For our example we will use the program demo1.asm, a simple running light:

· Verify whether the adapter and the serial connection of your K8048/VM111 are connected and make sure the programmer software has been installed on your PC.

· Compile the file 'demo1.asm' with MPASM.EXE (see Compiling)

· Start the programmer software, PICPROG2.EXE

· Check all settings (PIC16F627), the serial port and the communication speed always start with the 'LOW' setting).

· Read in the compiled file, demo1.hex. (File...open file...)

· Put SW5 in the 'PROG' position.

· Click on 'WRITE' in the PICPROG2 software.

· Now you can monitor the writing process on the activity screen.

· Put SW5 in the 'RUN' position when the programming is completed. LEDs LD1 to LD6 should now form a running light.

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Experiments

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ICSP

IICSP allows you to program controllers "in-circuit". This process is also known as code downloading. This means quite simply that the chip in question is connected with a socket consisting of four or five wires, viz. the ICSP bus. Several members of the PIC family can be programmed or reprogrammed without having to remove them from the print or deactivating the power supply. These IC's are converted to programming mode by applying the programming voltage of 12 to 14V to the "/MCLR" pin. From this point onwards RB6 is used as a CLOCK input while RB7 is modified into a DATA-input/output-connection.

K8048 © 2003 Velleman Components