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RESIDENTIAL PRODUCTS
SINGLE STAGE SNOW
ENGINE SERVICE MANUAL
LC154FS / LC154FDS (87cc)
About this Manual
This service manual was written expressly for Toro service technicians. The Toro Company has made every effort to make the information in this manual complete and correct. Basic shop safety knowledge and mechanical/electrical skills are assumed. The Table of Contents lists the systems and the related topics covered in this manual. An electronic version of this service manual is available on the Toro Dealer Portal. We are hopeful that you will find this manual a valuable addition to your service shop. If you have any questions or comments regarding this manual, please contact us at the following address:
The Toro Company
Residential and Landscape Contractor Service Training Department
8111 Lyndale Avenue South
Bloomington, MN 55420
Chapter 1
– General Service Information
Chapter 2 - Engine Service / Maintenance
Chapter 3 - Engine Disassembly and Service
Chapter 4 - Electrical
1
2
3
4
NOTES:
Chapter 1
– General Service Information
Safety 2
Service Rules 3
Engine Model / Serial Number Location 3
Engine Fastener Torque Specification 4
General Specifications 5
Engine Specifications 5
Troubleshooting 6
1
1
Safety
Safety Information
This symbol means WARNING or PERSONAL SAFETY INSTRUCTION
– read the instruction because it has to do with your safety. Failure to comply with the instruction may result in personal injury or even death.
This manual is intended as a service and repair manual only. The safety instructions provided herein are for troubleshooting, service, and repair of the Toro engine.
The Toro operator’s manual contains safety information and operating tips for safe operating practices.
Avoid Unexpected Engine Start - Turn off engine and disconnect the spark plug before servicing engine.
Avoid Lacerations and Amputations - Stay clear of all moving parts while the engine is running.
Avoid Burns - Do not touch the engine, muffler, or other components which may increase in temperature during operation, while the unit is running or shortly after it has been running.
Avoid Fires and Explosions - Avoid spilling fuel and never smoke while working with any type of fuel or lubricant. Wipe up any spilled fuel or oil immediately. Never remove the fuel cap or add fuel when the engine is running. Always use approved, labeled containers for storing or transporting fuel and lubricants.
Avoid Asphyxiation - Never operate an engine in a confined area without proper ventilation.
Avoid Injury From Batteries - Battery acid is poisonous and can cause burns. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Battery gases can explode. Keep cigarettes, sparks, and flames away from the battery.
Avoid Injury Due To Inferior Parts - Use only original equipment parts to ensure that important safety criteria are met.
Avoid Injury To Bystanders - Always clear the area of bystanders before starting or testing power equipment.
Avoid Injury Due To Projectiles - Always clear the area of sticks, rocks, or any other debris that could be picked up and thrown by the power equipment.
Avoid Modifications - Never alter or modify any part unless it is a factory approved procedure.
2
Service Rules
1. Only use genuine Toro parts and lubrication products.
2. Always install new gaskets, O-rings and seals when assembling engine.
3. Always torque fasteners to specification and in sequence.
4. Always lubricate friction components with clean engine oil or engine assembly lube when assembling engine.
1
Engine Model / Serial Number Location
2010-2011 - The engine model and serial number are stamped into the crankcase near the electric starter mounting position on the side of the engine towards the front of machine (shown below).
2012 - The engine model and serial number are stamped into the crankcase near the rear of the machine.
Engine Model and
Serial Numbers
XXX-XXXX XXXXXXXXXXX
Engine Model Serial Number
3
Engine Fastener Torque Specifications
Item
Torque
Specification
Oil Drain Plug 17 ft-lbs (23 Nm)
Connecting Rod Bolts
Cylinder Head Bolt
Crankcase Cover Bolts
Valve Lash Lock Nut
Rocker Arm Studs
Valve Cover Bolts
Spark Plug
Cylinder Head Cover Bolts
Heater Box Nuts
Flywheel Nut
Ignition Coil Bolts
Governor Arm Nut
Starter Bolts
Muffler Hex Nuts
Fuel Tank bolts
Standard Torque Values
M5 Bolt / Nut
M6 Bolt / Nut
M8 Bolt / Nut
M10 Bolt / Nut
M12 Bolt / Nut
8.5 ft-lbs (12 Nm)
25 ft-lbs (34 Nm)
8.5 ft-lbs (12 Nm)
11 ft-lbs (15 Nm)
22 ft-lbs (30 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
22 ft-lbs (30 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
50 ft-lbs (70 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
22 ft-lbs (30 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
4.5 ft-lbs (6 Nm)
7.5 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
19 ft-lbs (26 Nm)
28 ft-lbs (38 Nm)
41 ft-lbs (55 Nm)
4
General Specifications
MODEL
Engine Type
Displacement (cc)
Bore x Stroke (mm)
Compression Ratio
Oil Capacity
Engine Operating RPM
Fuel Capacity
Fuel Type
Ignition System
Lubrication System
Cylinder
LC154FS (Recoil Start) LC154FDS (Electric Start)
OHV Single Cylinder, Four Stroke, Forced Air Cooling
87
54 x 38
8.0:1
12 oz. (0.35 l)
4350 - 4650 RPM
0.4 Gal. (1.5l)
Unleaded Gasoline, 87 Octane
T.C.I Transistorized Magneto
Splash
Aluminum with Cast Iron Bore
1
Engine Specifications
Part
Carburetor
Spark Plug Gap
Valve Clearance
Ignition Coil
Item
Float Height
Gap
Intake Cold
Exhaust Cold
Resistance (primary)
Resistance (secondary)
Gap to Flywheel
Specification
0.748” (19mm)
0.0275 -
0.0314” (0.7-0.8 mm)
0.0059” (0.15 mm)
0.0078” (0.20 mm)
1-
1.6Ω
15K Ω ±15%
0.011-
0.019” (.3-.5 mm)
NOTE: The only internal parts available for this engine are gaskets and seals.
5
Rocker Arm
Troubleshooting
Hard Starting / Poor Running
- Incorrect Fuel (Level, Age, Octane, Ethanol Content)
- Fuel System Contamination and / or Debris in Carburetor
- Incorrect Oil Level
- Spark Plug (Incorrect Gap, Fouled, Loose or Faulty)
- Air Intake System Leaks
- Ignition Coil to Flywheel Gap Incorrect
- Weak / No Spark
- Choke Function
- Operating RPM Incorrect
- Governor Adjustment Incorrect
- Engine Valve Clearance out of Specification
- Low Compression or Excessive Leakdown
Overheating
- Incorrect Oil Level
- Cylinder Head Gasket Leak
- Debris Build-Up Restricting Air Flow
6
Chapter 2 - Engine Service / Maintenance
Engine Oil Change Procedure 8
Spark Plug Service 9
Valve Clearance Inspection and Adjustment 10
Engine Governor
– Zero Point Setting
11
Engine RPM Adjustment 11
Fuel Filter Replacement 12
7
2
Engine Oil Change Procedure
1. Run engine to warm engine oil.
2. Remove the ignition key.
NOTE: Ensure fuel system contains no fuel to prevent leak when engine is tipped.
3. Position oil drain pan under oil drain plug.
4. Remove the oil fill / check cap.
5. Remove the oil drain plug. If necessary, replace drain plug gasket.
6. Tip engine slightly backwards (if necessary) to completely drain the engine oil.
7. Install the oil drain plug - torque to 17 ft-lbs (23 Nm).
8. Add oil through the oil check / fill hole. Wipe the dipstick clean and insert it into the dipstick hole
NOTE: DO NOT fully install / screw in the dipstick to check the oil.
9. Remove the dipstick and check the oil level
– Add oil if needed until the proper oil level is reached.
NOTE: DO NOT overfill the engine oil
10. Fully install and tighten the dipstick.
11. Properly dispose of the used engine oil.
Engine Oil Capacity:
12 oz. (0.35 l)
Engine Oil Type:
API classification of SF,SG, SH, SJ, SL, or higher.
8
Spark Plug Service
NOTE: Spark plugs of the wrong size or incorrect heat range can cause severe engine damage.
2
High Voltage Ignition Systems can be Dangerous - Use Caution when Servicing Ignition Systems
1. Disconnect the spark plug boot and thoroughly clean the spark plug area.
2. Remove the spark plug from the engine.
3. Inspect the spark plug for excessively worn electrodes, chips or cracks in the insulator, or excessive deposits.
4. Measure the electrode gap and adjust if necessary. Spark Plug Gap: 0.0275 -
0.0314” (0.7-0.8 mm)
5. Install spark plug and torque to specification - 22 ft-lbs (30 Nm).
6. Fully install the spark plug boot onto the spark plug.
Spark Plug
0.0275 -
0.0314”
(0.7-0.8 mm)
9
Valve Clearance Inspection and Adjustment
NOTE:
Valve clearance inspection and adjustment must be done with the engine cold
.
1. Rotate Engine to TDC (top-dead-center) of the compression stroke.
2. Remove the valve cover. Be sure both valves are completely closed and the decompression arm is not holding the valve open.
3. Measure the clearance between the rocker
arm and the valve stem with a feeler gauge.
Valve Stem
NOTE: Be sure feeler gauge blade is not opening the valve while measuring valve clearance
Intake: 0.0059” (0.15 mm)
Exhaust: 0.
0078” (0.20 mm)
4. To adjust valve clearance:
- Hold adjustment bolt and loosen the lock nut.
- Turn adjustment bolt to obtain the specified clearance.
- Hold the adjustment bolt and tighten the lock nut to specification - 11 ft-lbs (15 Nm).
5. Recheck the clearance and readjust if necessary.
Lock Nut
Rocker Arm
Image For Reference Only
6. Inspect the valve cover gasket and replace if necessary. Install the cylinder head cover and torque fasteners to specification -
7.5 ft-lbs (10 Nm).
Valve Cover Feeler Gauge
Feeler Gauge
10
Engine Governor
– Zero Point Setting
2
1. Remove the (3) fuel tank mounting fasteners to gain access to the governor asm.
Fuel tank removal is not necessary.
2. Loosen but do not remove the governor pinch nut (A).
3. Move the governor arm (B) towards the carburetor to fully open the throttle valve. Firmly hold the governor arm in this position.
4. Rotate the governor arm shaft (C) fully clockwise and secure it in this position with a pair of pliers.
5. Tighten the governor arm pinch bolt and nut to specification - 7.5 ft-lbs (10 Nm).
6. Verify that the governor arm and throttle valve move freely.
7. Install fuel tank mounting fasteners and torque to specification - 7 ft-lbs (10 Nm).
8. Start and warm engine.
9. Verify the engine operating RPM is set between 4350
– 4650 RPM.
C A
D
B
Engine RPM Adjustment
1. Properly set the governor zero point as shown in this manual.
2. Start and warm engine.
3. Attached an appropriate tachometer to the engine.
4. Adjust engine RPM by turning the High Speed Setting Screw (D) located on the engine shroud.
Engine Operating RPM - 4350 - 4650 RPM
11
Fuel Filter and Hose Replacement
- Fuel is Extremely Flammable - Use Extreme Caution When Servicing Fuel System
1. Properly drain the fuel tank into an approved container.
NOTE: Ensure fuel system contains no fuel to prevent leak when the fuel filter is replaced.
2. Release the fuel hose clamps (A) and slide them away from the carburetor and fuel tank fittings.
3. Remove the fuel filter / hose asm. from the engine.
4. Unscrew the fuel tank drain fitting (B) from the fuel tank.
5. Install a new fuel tank fitting (B).
6. Install new fuel filter / fuel hose asm. and clamps (A).
7. Re-fill tank with fresh fuel.
8. Verify hose routing and check for leaks.
9. Properly dispose of any unused fuel.
A
B
A
12
Chapter 3 - Engine Disassembly and Service
Engine Service
– Upper End
14-24
Muffler / Heat Shield Exploded View 14
Fuel Tank Mounting 15
Heater Box Exploded View 16
Carburetor / Governor Mounting 17
Carburetor Exploded View 18
Recoil Asm. Exploded View 19
Starter / Flywheel / Coil Exploded View 20
Cylinder Head Exploded View and Service Information 21
Cylinder Head / Valves Exploded View and Service Information 22
Valve Seat Width Inspection / Cylinder Head Warp Inspection 23
Valve Seat Reconditioning 24
Engine Service
– Lower End
25-28
Crankcase Exploded View and Service Information 25
Governor Exploded View 26
Piston / Connecting Rod Exploded View and Service Information 27
Valve Timing 28
NOTE: The only internal parts available for this engine are gaskets and seals.
3
13
Engine Service
– Upper End
Muffler / Heat Shield Exploded View
Self Tapping Screws
Muffler Shield
Gasket
Muffler
27 ft-lbs (30 Nm)
14
Fuel Tank Mounting
- Fuel is Extremely Flammable - Use Extreme Caution When Servicing Fuel System
Fuel Tank
Mounting Hardware
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Fuel Tank
Shield
3
Fuel Tank
Mounting Hardware
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Fuel Filter
Fuel Tank
Fitting
15
Cleaner pad
Heater Box Exploded View
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
18 in-lbs (2 Nm)
Key Switch
Primer Asm.
Switch
Key
Carburetor
Note: Verify primer hose is not kinked or pinched upon heater box installation.
16
Insulating pad
High tension cord
Carburetor / Governor Mounting Exploded View
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Clip
Governor Arm
Governor Spring
Spacer
Carburetor Asm.
Gasket
17
3
Carburetor Exploded View
Stop Screw
Carburetor Body
Main Jet
Gasket
Float
Throttle Shaft
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Jet
O-ring
Choke Lever
Choke Plate
Plate
Pin
Needle Asm.
Gasket
Float Bowl
18
Clip
Scroll spring
Recoil Asm. Exploded View
3
Shroud and Recoil Asm.
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Guide
Set Screw
Ratchet
Spring
Clip
Spring
Recoil
Asm.
19
Starter / Flywheel / Coil Exploded View
Starter Asm.
Blower Shroud
Electric Start
Blower Shroud
Recoil Start
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Flywheel
Cup
Ignition Coil Asm.
Side Plate
Starter Removal
1. Remove recoil and shroud asm.
2. Remove flywheel with an appropriate puller.
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Fan
Flywheel Nut
50 ft-lbs (70 Nm)
3. Remove the fasteners securing the starter motor to the engine and remove starter asm.
20
Cylinder Head Exploded View and Service Information
Gasket
Spark Plug
22 ft-lbs (30 Nm)
Gasket
3
Cylinder Head
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Breather
Tube
Cylinder Head Bolt Torque Sequence:
1. Initially Torque the (4) Cylinder Head Bolts in a Crisscross Pattern to 10 ft-lbs (14 Nm).
2. Evenly Torque the (4) Cylinder Head Bolts in a Crisscross Pattern to 25 ft-lbs (34 Nm).
21
Cylinder Head / Valves Exploded View and Service Information
Valve Spring
Exhaust Valve
Push Rod
7 ft-lbs (10 Nm)
Intake Valve
Valve Lash Lock Nut
11 ft-lbs (15 Nm)
Retainer
Guide Plate
22
Valve Seat Width Inspection
Remove carbon deposits from the combustion chamber. Inspect the valve seats for pitting or other damage.
Standard
0.0315 -
0.0394”
Service Limit
0.0787”
(0.8-1.0 mm) (2.0 mm)
3
Cylinder Head Warp Inspection
- Remove carbon deposits from the combustion
chamber.
STRAIGHT EDGE
- Clean off any gasket material from the
cylinder head surface.
- Check the spark plug hole and valve areas for cracks.
- Check the cylinder head for warpage with a straight
edge and a feeler gauge as shown.
Service Limit
0.00393” (0.10 mm)
FEELER GAUGE
NOTE: If this measurement is out of specification, complete engine replacement is required.
The only internal parts available for this engine are gaskets and seals.
23
Valve Seat Reconditioning
1. Thoroughly clean the combustion chamber and valve seats to remove carbon deposits.
2. Apply a light coat of Prussian Blue or erasable felt-tipped marker ink to the valve faces.
3. Properly install valves, springs and keepers. Manually open the valves, then and snap them closed against their seats several times. Be sure the valves do not rotate on the seat. Remove the valve assemblies. The transferred marking compound will show any area of the seat that is not concentric.
4. Use a 45°cutter to remove enough material to produce a smooth and concentric seat. Follow the valve seat cutter manufacture’s instructions. Turn the cutter clockwise, never counterclockwise. Continue to turn the cutter as you lift it from the valve seat.
5. Use a 30°~32° and 60° cutter to narrow and adjust the valve seat so that it contacts the middle of the valve face. The 30°~32° cutter removes material from the top edge. The 60° cutter removes material from the bottom edge. Be sure that the width of the finished valve seat is within specification.
6. Lap valves in accordance with valve lapping kit instructions.
7. Clean valve and seat of all lapping compound.
Valve Seat Width
Standard
0.0315 -
0.0394”
(0.8-1.0 mm)
Service Limit
0.0787”
(2.0 mm)
CONTACT TOO HIGH
CONTACT TOO LOW
24
Engine Service
– Lower End
Crankcase Exploded View and Service Information
8.5 ft-lbs (12 Nm)
Seal
Bearing
Gasket
3
Crankshaft
Key
Bearing
Governor
Shaft
Governor
Crankcase Cover
Camshaft
Connecting Rod
Asm
Oil Splash Spoon
Point Down to
Match Piston Arrow
8.5 ft-lbs
(12 Nm)
Piston Asm.
Triangular Mark to Face Down
25
Connecting rod cover
12N·m(1.2kg-m) Assembly:
25×41.25×6mm
Crankcase cover
Timing gear
Ball bearing
Bolt
6205 (2)
Insert until the bearing
8×32 contacts crankshaft, be careful not to damage oil sealing.
Governor Exploded View
Weight
Clip
Slider
Governor Gear
Washer
Pin
Washer
Governor
Shaft
Clip
Shaft
26
Piston / Connecting Rod Exploded View and Service Information
3
Second Ring / Gap
Top Ring / Gap
Oil Rings
Piston Rotation Arrow
Stagger Scraper Rings
150°~ 210° from the Oil Ring
Connecting Rod
Piston Pin Clip
Triangular Mark to Face “DOWN”
Clip Gap
Towards Push Rods
Piston Pin
Install Piston Ring
Markings “UP”
Oil Splash Spoon
Point Down to
Match Piston Arrow
Piston Cut-out
27
Valve Timing
Timing Marks
Camshaft
28
Crankshaft
Chapter 4
– Electrical System Information
Ignition Coil Gap Adjustment 30
Ignition Coil Resistance Inspection 31
Spark Testing 31
29
4
Ignition Coil Gap Adjustment
High Voltage Ignition Systems can be Dangerous - Use Caution when Servicing Ignition Systems
1. Install the ignition coil and lightly tighten the ignition coil mounting bolts.
2. Rotate engine so ignition coil is aligned with the magnet portion of the flywheel.
3. Insert the feeler gauge between the flywheel and coil.
4. Adjust the ignition coil gap at both side of the coil.
5. Torque the ignition coil fasteners to specification - 7 ft-lbs (10 Nm).
Ignition Coil Gap
0.011-
0.019”
(.3-.5 mm)
Gap
Ignition
Coil
Ignition
Coil
30
Ignition Coil Resistance Inspection
Primary Coil
Place Ohm meter leads between the harness connection lead and the exposed metal coil leg.
A - Primary Coil Resistance
1.0-1.6
Ω
Secondary Coil
Place Ohm meter leads between exposed metal coil leg and the spark plug terminal connection.
B - Secondary Coil Resistance
15
KΩ +/- 15%
A
B
Image for Reference Only
Spark Testing
4
- Fuel is Extremely Flammable - Use Extreme Caution When Servicing the Fuel System
- High Voltage Ignition Systems can be Dangerous - Use Caution when Servicing Ignition Systems
1. Remove spark plug boot from the spark plug.
2. Remove the spark plug from the engine.
3. Connect the negative (-) electrode of the spark plug (threaded area) to ground (cylinder head cover).
4. Crank the engine and view the electrode gap. Spark should be present when engine is turning over.
5. Reinstall the spark plug and torque to specification - 22 ft-lbs (30 Nm).
6.
Properly install the spark plug boot.
31
RESIDENTIAL PRODUCTS
Form Number: 492-9233
32
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