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1 Functional Description | Manualzz

AnyMedia

®

Access System

Element Manager for

Narrowband Services

Release 1.3

Functional Description

363-211-411

Version 1.00

(08.99)

Copyright © 1999 Lucent Technologies. All rights reserved.

Printed in U.S.A.

This material is protected by the copyright and trade secret laws of the United States and other countries. It may not be reproduced, distributed or altered in any fashion by any entity, (either internal or external to Lucent

Technologies), except in accordance with applicable agreements, contracts or licensing, without the express written consent of the Customer Training and Information Products organization and the business management owner of the material.

Notice

Every effort was made to ensure that the information in this document was complete and accurate at the time of printing. However, information is subject to change.

Ordering Information

The order number for this document is 363-211-411. For more ordering information, refer to "How to Order

Documents" in the section "About This Document".

How to Comment on This Document

A feedback form is located immediately after the legal page of this document. Please send or fax your comments and suggestions to:

Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH

Fax no.: +49 911 526-3545

Trademarks

Acrobat Reader is registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

AnyMedia is a registered trademark of Lucent Technologies.

Internet Explorer is a copyright of Microsoft Corporation.

Netscape Navigator is a trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation.

Windows 95 and Windows 98 are copyrights of Microsoft Corporation.

UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open

Company Limited.

Quality Management System

The Quality Management System (QMS) for Lucent Technologies’ Product Realization Center (PRC) Access has been registered to ISO 9001 under the Norwegian Scheme by Det Norske Veritas (DNV) since June

1993. ISO 9001 is an international quality standard recognized by more than 90 countries worldwide. It is a model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation, and servicing.

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Title: AEM-NB Functional Description Release 1.3

363-211-411 Version 1.00

(08.99)

Contents

1

363-211-411

6

7

About this Document

3

4

1

2

5

Overview

Intended Audience

How to use this Document

Conventions Used

5.1

Related Documentation

Print Copy (Hard Copy)

5.2

CD-ROM

How to Order This Document

How to Comment on This Document

Functional Description

1.1

1.2

1.2.1

1.2.2

About this Subject

Introduction

Main Functions

ISO Functional Areas

1.3

1.2.3

1.2.4

Applications

System Working Modes

System and Software

Architecture

1.3.1

1.3.2

Functional Groups

Hardware Platform

1.4

1.4.1

Working with AEM-NB

Network Planning and

Physical Installation

1.4.2

1.4.3

1.5.1

1.5.2

Configuration Management

Network Operation & Surveillance

1.5

1.4.4

System Security and User Groups

Network Configuration

AEM-NB Server without Clients and external OS (LAN)

1.5.3

1.5.4

AEM-NB Server with Clients and external OS (WAN)

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Contents

AB

GL

IN

Abbreviations

Glossary

Index

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1

Purpose

Overview

This Functional Description provides the following information for Lucent Technologies

AnyMedia

®

Access System Element Manager for Narrowband Services

(AEM-NB), Release 1.3:

Main functions

Applications

System and software architecture

Software platform

Graphical User Interface

Hardware platform

Network configuration.

2 Intended Audience

The Functional Description is intended for marketing and sales personnel who want to get an overview of the AEM-NB functionalty.

3 How to use this Document

The description is divided into a number of sections (subjects), clearly separated by numbered tabs. The front pages of the description also describe this division, and list the titles of the subjects together with the corresponding tab numbers.

Through this readers can quickly select the subject of their interests and needs.

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About this Document

How are we doing

A comment form so readers can give feedback to improve the next revision of the document.

Table of contents

About this document

Defines the purpose of the document and the intended audience. Also included are topics about the conventions used in the document, related documentation, how to order documents, and how to comment on this document.

Chapter 1, Functional Description

Contains the overview over the system, its features and capabilities.

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Lists all abbreviations and acronyms used in this manual.

Glossary

Defines special terms used in this manual.

Index

Alphabetical index to quickly search for paragaphs in the manual which provide more information on a certain keyword.

4

Numbering

Conventions Used

Each fascicle can be identified by its number and contains a chapter which is numbered accordingly (e.g. Chapter 1 is contained in Fascicle 1).

The page, figure and table numbering begins with “1” in every chapter. To be able to identify them easily, these numbers are prefixed with the fascicle number. For example, Figure 1-3 designates the third figure in Fascicle 1.

Cross-References

Keyword Blocks

Abbreviations

Trademarks

Lucent Technologies trademarks

Cross-reference conventions are identical with those used for numbering, i.e. the first number in cross-references refers to the corresponding fascicle.

To facilitate the location of specific text passages, the guide contains so-called keyword blocks. These are placed to the left of the main text and contain either a keyword or a word which indicates the contents of a paragraph or group of paragraphs.

Each abbreviation used in this guide is listed in Fascicle AB (“Abbreviations”) of the hardcopy version unless it can be assumed that the reader is familiar with this abbreviation.

The trademarks used in this document are identified after the title page. Trademarks of Lucent Technologies and other companies are in italics and the trademarks modify a noun (e.g., the system name contains a trademark, AnyMedia™

Access System). A trademark is not treated as an acronym (it is not spelled out or expanded).

Lucent Technologies trademarks are identified with the registered mark (

®

) or trademark (™) symbol the first time the trademarks are used in a chapter.

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Trademarks of other companies

The trademarks of other companies are identified with a footnote reference the first time the trademarks are used in a chapter.

5 Related Documentation

Document list

The following is related documentation for the AEM-NB and for additional components:

Table 1 List of Documents

Component Manual Type

A nyMedia Access System Applications, Planning, and

Ordering Guide (APOG)

A nyMedia Access System Command and Message Manual

(CMM)

A nyMedia Access System User Service Manual (USM)

Vol. 1 (Narrowband Services)

Comcode

108 298 670

108 298 761

108 298 811

A nyMedia Access System User Service Manual (USM)

Vol. 2 (Broadband Services)

108 543 380

A nyMedia Access System Installation Manual (IM)

(For Rack Configurations)

Mass Provisioning Tool for

V5 Services

User Manual

AEM-NB R1.3

User Service Manual (USM)

108 298 779

CIC Ordering

Number

363-211-110

363-211-111

363-211-112

363-211-115

363-211-113

363-211-116 a a a a a b

363-211-412 a a For the ordering address see Chapter 6, How to Order This Document.

b The MPT User Manual is included in the Mass Provisioning Tool delivery. Additionally it is available in PDF format on CD-ROM.

5.1

Print Copy (Hard Copy)

Document packaging and format

All listed documents are available in print.

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5.2

Table 2

Component

AEM-NB R1.3

CD-ROM

The User Service Manual and the Functional Description are available in PDF format on CD-ROM and an Adobe Acrobat Reader

1

is provided to view them.

Customer Documentation on CD-ROM

CD-ROM

Customer Documentation on CD-ROM includes:

User Service Manual (USM)

Functional Description.

Ordering Number

363-211-415

6 How to Order This Document

Ordering number

The ordering number for the AEM-NB Functional Description is 363-211-411.

Order procedure

One-time orders

Standing orders

To order additional hard copies of this document and/or to request placement on the standing order list, send or call in an order as follows:

Mail Order a

Lucent Technologies

Customer Information Center

Attention: Priscilla Stanley, email: [email protected]

2855 N. Franklin Road P.O. Box 19901

USA-Indianapolis, IN 46219

Telephone Order

(Monday through

Friday)

Within USA:1-888-LUCENT8

7:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. EST

FAX from USA:

+1-800-566-9568

FAX Worldwide:

+1-317-322-6699 a For ordering, a purchase order number, or charge card number is required with all orders. Make checks payable to Lucent Technologies.

One-time orders include the contents for the current document issue in effect at the time of order.

You may request an update on the standing order list for all later reissues of any document. The standing order list for each document provides automatic distribution for all reissues of the document.

1 Acrobat Reader is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

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7 How to Comment on This

Document

Document comment procedure

The first sheet in this manual (after the title page) is the feedback form How Are

We Doing?

Please use this form to fax your comments and suggestions concerning the USM,

363-211-411 to:

Lucent Technologies Network Systems GmbH

Fax no.: +49 911 526-3545

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About this Document

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1

Contents

1.1

About this Subject

1.2

Introduction

1.2.1

1.2.2

1.2.2.1

1.2.2.2

Main Functions

ISO Functional Areas

Configuration Management

Fault Management

1.2.2.3

1.2.2.4

1.2.3

1.2.4

Performance Management

Security Management

Applications

System Working Modes

1.3

System and Software

Architecture

1.3.1

1.3.1.1

Functional Groups

NE Management

1.3.1.2

1.3.1.3

General Components

Software Platform

1.3.1.3.1

1.3.1.3.2

1.3.1.4

1.3.1.5

Software Bus

Repository

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Northbound Interface

1.3.1.6

1.3.2

Southbound Interface

Hardware Platform

1.3.2.1

1.3.2.2

Architecture

Requirements

1.4

Working with AEM-NB

1.4.1

Network Planning and

Physical Installation

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1.4.2

1.4.3

Configuration Management

Network Operation & Surveillance

1.4.3.1

1.4.3.1.1

Fault Management

Fault Identification

1.4.3.1.2

1.4.3.1.3

Fault Localisation and Diagnosis

Fault Clearance

1.4.3.2

1.4.3.2.1

Network Modification

Installation and Removal of an NE

1.4.3.2.2

1.4.3.3

Modification of NEs

Performance Monitoring

1.4.4

System Security and User Groups

1.5

Network Configuration

1.5.1

1.5.2

1.5.3

1.5.4

AEM-NB Server without Clients and external OS (LAN)

AEM-NB Server with Clients and without external OS (LAN)

AEM-NB Server without Clients and with external OS (WAN)

AEM-NB Server with Clients and external OS (WAN)

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1

1.1

Scope

Purpose

Contents

About this Subject

This chapter describes the

AnyMedia

®

Access System Element Manager for Narrowband Services (AEM-NB) R1.3. This release is compatible with the network element (NE) R1.3.

This chapter provides an overview of the AEM-NB and tries to give an insight into the functioning of the AEM-NB by providing detailed information on the AEM-NB features mentioned.

The following AEM-NB subjects are described:

Basic functionality

Management features

System and software architecture

Hardware and software platform

Interfaces

Applications.

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Functional Description Introduction

1.2

General

Benefits

Introduction

The AEM-NB is part of a Telecommunication Management Network (TMN). It represents the element management layer and fulfils the tasks of the ISO ( International Standardizations Organisation) functional areas (see Chapter 1.2.2, page 1-3).

This provides some benefits for the operator:

Better control over revenue generating services by local and centralized management

Reduced time and effort for provisioning tasks

Fast and efficient fault detection and isolation

Prevention of unauthorized access by appropriate security mechanisms

Reduction of operator mistakes by easy-to-use Graphical User Interface

(GUI)

Integration with higher management levels for network, service and business purposes.

1.2.1

Main Functions

The AEM-NB provides the following main characteristics/functions:

Support of all AnyMedia Access Systems features

Equipment Overview

Common alarm handling for all network elements (NEs)

Report, Log, Backup & Restore functions

TL1 NE access via TCP/IP based on DCN

User security handling (user profiles, NE domains)

Online Help

Multi User access

Northbound interfaces (TL1).

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1.2.2

ISO Functional Areas

1.2.2.1

1.2.2.2

Configuration Management

The Configuration Management supports the complete range of graphical functions to provision and maintain the R1.3 NEs. Network topologies, shelf views and self-explaining menus are navigating the operator to configure POTS, ISDN-BRA and Leased Line Services (no provisioning can be done for leased lines). The following main functionalities are offered (for more detail see Chapter 1.3.1.1, page 1-8):

Inventory management

Equipment provisioning and maintenance

Service provisioning

Clock synchronization

System/Equipment/Service status

Software download

NE database backup and restore

System date/time synchronization.

Fault Management

The Fault Management supports the operator in detecting, displaying, localizing and logging any faults occurring in the managed network. The following main functionalities are offered (for more detail see Chapter 1.3.1.1, page 1-8):

Handling of alarm severities (critical, major, minor)

Receiving of autonomous alarm messages

Retrieving of alarms per NE, plug-in, application pack

Retrieving of alarm and event logs from NE

Initialization of tests for fault analysis purposes.

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1.2.2.3

1.2.2.4

1.2.3

Performance Management

The Performance Management provides facilities for retrieving, storing as logs and printing the logs of the NE performance data to ensure the quality of service.

Security Management

The Security Management functions which are based on UNIX

®1 control the access to the AEM-NB and to the managed NEs. The following main functionalities are offered (for more detail see Chapter 1.3.1.1, page 1-8):

AEM-NB user administration

AEM-NB user security profile

No additional NE login for current AEM-NB user

AEM-NB access via login name and password

2

Inactivity user session time-out

2

.

Applications

The AEM-NB provides 6 applications which give access to the management functionality as described in Chapter 1.2.2, page 1-3. The following applications are available:

System Administration

User Administration and Profiling

Log Viewer

Alarm Viewer

Configuration Manager

BroadBand EM.

Each application is composed by one or more tasks. The default user group assignment to the individual applications/tasks is described in Chapter 1.4.4, page 1-27.

1

2

1-4

Version 1.00

UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Limited.

provided by the SUN Solaris operation system.

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Functional Description Introduction

1.2.4

System Working Modes

The AEM-NB can work in the following two modes:

Stand-alone Mode

Integrated Management Mode.

Stand-Alone Mode

These modes are not mutually exclusive, i.e. the AEM-NB is always able to perform the element management tasks even while it is connected to any other management system OS.

In the stand-alone mode the AEM-NB performs the whole management of the

NEs on its own. The user is able to perform all management tasks via the GUI.

Figure 1-1 shows the system architecture in the stand-alone mode.

AEM-NB

TL1,

FTP

NE NE

Integrated

Management Mode

Figure 1-1 Stand-Alone Mode

In the integrated management mode the AEM-NB works as an integral part of the customer’s management network, providing higher management systems (OSs) with services to manage NEs in their domains.

The AEM-NB allows other OSs to pass provisioning, testing or fault information to and from the NEs, e.g. a fault management surveillance system can collect fault data using the northbound interface.

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Functional Description Introduction

Figure 1-2 shows the system architecture of the integrated management mode.

OS

TL1

AEM-NB

TL1,

FTP

NE NE

Figure 1-2 Integrated Management Mode

The complete system and software architecture of the AEM-NB is described in

Chapter 1.3, page 1-7.

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1.3

1.3.1

System and Software

Architecture

Functional Groups

The AEM-NB software architecture is built with a number of components that can be grouped in the following distinct functional groups:

1.

NE Management

(Equipment Management, Service Management, Alarm Management,

Test Management, Performance Management)

2.

General Components

(Components for Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM);

Common Servers)

3.

Software Platform

(Software bus, Repository, third party libraries)

4.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

5.

Northbound Interface

6.

Southbound Interface.

Figure 1-3 shows the six functional groups. The shadowed blocks are part of the

AEM-NB.

OS

User

4

GUI

5

Northbound

Interface

3

1

NE Management

(Equipment, Service, Alarm, Test, Performance)

2

General

Components

Common S.,

OAM comp.)

Software Platform

(Software bus, Repository, third party libraries)

Hardware Platform

(SUN/Solaris)

6

Southbound

Interface

NE

Figure 1-3 AEM-NB Functional Groups

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Functional Description System and Software Architecture

1.3.1.1

Equipment

Management

NE Management

The NE Management functionality is distributed in 5 areas. These are: Equipment

Management, Service Management, Alarm Management, Performance Management and Test Management.

The Equipment Management provides the following functionality/features:

Scrolling List of NEs

The NEs are displayed in a list covered in a single window called Network

Browser, where the NEs and their components can be handled like files in a file browser.

NE Provisioning

The operator can create a new NE manageable for the AEM-NB view. The operator must enter the specific configuration data for the new NE such as

IP address, NE Name, NE user-id and password.

Software Download to a single NE

Provides a storage medium for maintaining a copy of the software and a mechanism for downloading that software to a NE.

Software Download to multiple NEs

Download of new software to multiple NEs on an individual connection basis.

NE Non-Volatile Data Storage Restoration

Restores NE non-volatile data storage upon user request. Provides a storage medium for maintaining a copy of the NVDS for backup and restore purposes on a periodic basis.

Maintain a local Copy of NE Inventory

The AEM-NB maintains a local copy of specific hardware identifiers and software version identifiers. This local copy accepts automatic inventory notifications. This information can be used for display and report functions in case of loss of communication with the supported NE. The hardware identifiers include all plug-ins.

Maintain a local Copy of NE Provisioning Configuration Data

The AEM-NB maintains a local copy of all cross-connection and parameter settings for each NE. This information can be used for display and report functions in case of loss of communication with the supported NE.

Maintain NE Software Copies

The system keeps a copy of the versions of the NE software running in the

NEs (30-channel) managed by the AEM-NB. Generally, only one version of

NE software per NE type is used by all the NEs in a network but the AEM-

NB must have the capacity to manage two software versions during the upgrade period.

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NE Reset (INIT-SYS)

Allows the user to delete the NE and restore the factory settings for the whole NVDS except for the IP address and the target identifier, so that the

AEM-NB can still communicate with the NE after the command execution has been completed.

AEM-NB Database Synchronization

Automatic update of the AEM-NB database records based on NE database changes.

Protection Control

The management system provides a facility to allow the user to switch operation of one unit in a NE to a standby unit, if that unit exists.

Equipment Protection

The AEM-NB allows the user to provision the equipment information for the protection scheme. Also the user can force protection switching.

— NE R1.3 COMDAC - simplex/duplex

— NE R1.3 IO_HDLC - simplex/duplex.

NE Timing Synchronization

The AEM-NB supports the user to configure the NE synchronization clock sources.

NE Date and Time

The AEM-NB allows the user to set and retrieve the date and time of the

NE.

NE Disaster Recovery from the AEM-NB

The AEM-NB is able to reconstruct its NE database by polling the NEs for information and from internally maintained backup copies of data.

Fiber Reach Support

The AEM-NB supports the fiber reach by providing alarm information.

Support of NE Standby Configuration

The AEM-NB supports the NE Standby Configuration via the cut-through interface.

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Functional Description

Service

Management

Alarm

Management

System and Software Architecture

The Service Management provides the following functionality/features:

NE Service Status

Provides the aliveness status of the individual NEs providing a customer's service across all NEs under the AEM-NB’s control.

— V5.1/V5.2 Interfaces

— Primary/Secondary Links

— V5 ISDN User Ports

— V5 PSTN User Ports

— ISDN Signalling Configuration

— V5.2 Protection Group 2.

Network Interfaces and Subscriber Service Provisioning and Activation

The AEM-NB supports all provisioning functions related to 2-Mbit/s network interfaces and subscriber services. Provisioning contains the creation, deletion and parameter setting/modification of the different subscriber services. The AEM-NB service activation enables and disables the service.

2-Mbit/s network services:

— V5.1

— V5.2

— non-switched services (via cut-through).

Subscriber services:

— analogue telephone (POST) based on V5

— ISDN (2B+D) based on V5

— analogue leased line

— digital leased line (via cut-through).

The Alarm Management provides the following functionality/features:

Integrated display of all the alarms

The AEM-NB provides a common window (alarm viewer) to show all alarms reported by the managed NEs or generated by the management system itself. The display shows all the information pertaining to the alarm, including alarm type, severity, service affecting indication, date/time of occurrence and clearing.

Alarm Display Filters

It is possible to filter the items shown in the alarm viewer, for instance, to see only the critical alarms.

Alarm Notification to User

The user is informed by visual and audible alerts when a new alarm has been reported to the AEM-NB.

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Performance

Management

Test

Management

System and Software Architecture

Clearing of Alarms

Alarms in the management system will automatically be cleared when the faults are removed at the source (such as in the NEs or in the platform).

The alarm information will contain the date and time of alarm clearance.

Acknowledged Alarms

The operator can acknowledge a raised alarm - alarm still active but being investigated. The AEM-NB registers the time at which an alarm changes its status from raised to acknowledged and, separately, from acknowledged to cleared. It is also possible for an alarm to go directly from the raised to the cleared state.

Alarm Colors

The management system provides a color scheme based on alarm severities.

Enable/Disable of autonomous Alarms on an NE Basis

Fault Localization

Provides fault localization across all NEs under the AEM-NB control. The

COMDAC LEDs show the highest severity alarm for the system. The individual plug-in unit LEDs show the highest severity alarm for the plug-in unit.

Fault localization is performed at AP level.

NE Alarm Log Handling

The AEM-NB is able to retrieve the NE alarm log via the cut-through interface.

The Performance Management provides the following functionality/features:

Handling of Performance Records

Records can be displayed, printed and stored in a user-defined file.

The Test Management provides the following functionality/features:

Port Test

It is possible to request a test for a particular port on a specific application pack.

TAP Test

It is possible to check the correct cabeling between the communication interface unit and the test application pack.

Standby Card Test Scheduling (via cut-through)

It is possible to schedule a test to perform a COMDAC side switch or offline diagnostic for the standby COMDAC or the protection.

Built-in Self-Test

Each NE performs a built-in self-test of plug-ins periodically.

Loopback Test at the feeder side

It is possible to set or clear a loopback on particular feeders.

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Functional Description System and Software Architecture

Support of the ISDN Line testing

Requests a subscriber line testing on a specific list of services (e.g. POTS,

ISDN, etc.). The subscriber line tests may consist of the following tests:

— foreign voltage measurement

— insulation measurement

— capacity measurement

— dial tone

— short circuit.

Support of CRC test for ISDN drops

Support of Loopback test at the drop side.

1.3.1.2

General Components

The components of this group do not have or require any knowledge of the NEs the AEM-NB is managing. They provide a platform on which the other AEM-NB components can operate and isolate them from the underlying customer platform.

OAM Components

The OAM components provide operation, administration, maintenance and security functionality. This is based on third party-tools (i.e. orbix) and a set of specific applications.

The OAM components provide the following functionality/features:

1.

Operation/Administration/Maintenance

Standard Reports

The system allows the user to generate a set of predefined reports from the information kept by the AEM-NB. The reports cover the following areas:

— Alarms

— Equipment configuration

— Service provisioning

— NE inventory

— Performance.

The reports are available for displaying, printing and saving in a postscript file.

Backup and Restore of system relevant data

Relevant data includes all information necessary to restore the situation in case of an AEM-NB crash.

AEM-NB Software Upgrades

Provides an established release cycle for AEM-NB software upgrades in a way that minimizes incompatibility with NE software releases, and allows for upgrades to provide for OS compatibility. This upgrade does not affect the services provided by NEs.

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Log Administration

The logs are capable of being printed and visualized. The system limits the size of the system logs. It is possible to make backups of the logs and to remove them from the system. There are logs for:

— Actions

Contains all the information on actions performed by users or the

AEM-NB and which imply changes in the AEM-NB configuration, equipment (NE) configuration, service and subscriber configuration, access to the AEM-NB, print reports and backup & restore, i.e. all operations triggered by the user or the AEM-NB and all subsequent actions. The results of operations are also logged in the actions log.

— System Internal Events

Contains all internal events or actions which report unusual changes in the configuration and state of the AEM-NB or indicate errors that occurred in the AEM-NB.

— Autonomous Reports

Contains all information useful for the equipment supplier about alarms (NE and platform), the performance and all TL1 messages sent from all managed NEs and which imply changes in the database.

Possibility to sort logs

It is possible to show items in the logs while visualizing, saving or printing.

2.

Security

Possibility of creating/deleting/modifying AEM-NB Users

The AEM-NB uses the security mechanisms provided by the SOLARIS Operating System.

AEM-NB Security Privilege Levels

Allows at least three privilege levels within the managed domain. This is mapped to the NE privilege levels accordingly.

— Administrator: has all the permissions.

— Maintenance: has configuration and monitoring permissions.

— Monitoring: has alarm monitoring and testing permissions.

NE User Security Privilege Levels

It is possible to administer the NE users and the privilege levels via the cutthrough interface.

User Access is authenticated through User Name and Password

Single Login to Access the Domain

Enables an authorized user to access multiple NEs simultaneously (e.g.

multiple windows) using a single login and password.

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Common Servers

Domain Partitioning

Enables the NEs managed by the AEM-NB to be partitioned into separate security domains and permits users access to the domains based on their areas of responsibility and profile.

User Inactivity Timer

1

The user terminal will be locked with a screen saver once a configurable inactivity timer has expired. To unlock the terminal, the user has to type his/her password. The timer has to be configured by the administrator.

Lock Screen

1

The user is able to lock the screen whenever he wants. To unlock the terminal the user has to enter his/her password.

Common Servers offer general purpose services. A common server

■ manages the AEM-NB history and security logs

■ logs the history and security data of other processes upon request provides log information upon request

■ provides a facility to generate and print client reports in the AEM-NB printers provides event distribution services based on a supplier/consumer model.

1.3.1.3

CORBA

Architecture

Software Platform

1.3.1.3.1

Software Bus

The communication between the AEM-NB processes is based on the Common

Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) standard. The heart of the CORBA architecture is the Object Request Broker (ORB). The ORB is a software bus to which different applications can connect to offer their services and/or to use other applications’ services (from which they are clients).

The ORB provides a transport mechanism that makes connected servers’ location, platform and implementation transparent to their clients, making applications easier to distribute and scale.

Protocol

Introduction

Contained

Information

The protocol used by the ORB is the Internet Interoperability Protocol (IIOP).

1.3.1.3.2

Repository

The Repository contains all the AEM-NB information that must be persistent. It is supported by an Object Oriented Database (ObjectStore) and the underlying operating file system. All components of the system have direct access to the repository to store/retrieve their own data.

Information in the repository includes:

1 provided by the SUN Solaris operation system

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NE inventory

(for each NE: the hardware identifiers and the software versions)

Equipment and Service provisioning data

History and security logs

External system communication parameters

AEM-NB configuration data

Alarms cache.

1.3.1.4

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Introduction

The Java based GUI is responsible for putting up forms, collecting user input

(commands and data) and routing it on to the correct component. It also receives data from the relevant process which it uses to update its display. The GUI has direct access to the services provided by the AEM-NB through the ORB.

Functionality,

Features

The GUI provides the following functionality/features:

Support TL1 messages

Supports all TL1 messages for all NE products for dumb terminal access.

Allows direct input of TL1 messages. In some markets, direct input of TL1 messages may not be allowed and can be suppressed via the appropriate security permissions.

Online Help

Provides access to online help which contains at least information on the operation of the AEM-NB, meaning of the buttons, etc.

Multiple windowing

Provides multiple windowing for access to multiple NE information on a single screen.

Multiple user access

Provides for multiple users access to the AEM-NB at the same time. Multiple users may include multiple OSs or NMSs as well as multiple GUI access.

Time and Date format

Enables the user to use local/preferred time and date format. For example, the local calendar must be supported or optional use of 24 hour clock versus a 12 hour clock.

User friendly GUIs

Provides a user-friendly interface and hides the complexities of the information models.

Manageable Objects organized in a Hierarchy

The configuration is implemented within a GUI hierarchy:

— NE group level, containing a number of NEs

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— NE level, starting with shelf-view.

GUI process to be separated

The graphical interface driver can be placed on a separate platform from the rest of the EMS application.

1.3.1.5

Tasks

Northbound Interface

The Northbound Interface performs all the tasks needed to communicate to other

OSs. It allows external OSs access to the NEs managed by the AEM-NB directly through TL1 commands via a Northbound Interface. This access is controlled by the Northbound Interface until the OS is disconnected.

TL1 Northbound

Interface

The TL1 Northbound Interface allows an external OS access to the NEs managed by the AEM-NB directly through TL1 commands for provisioning, testing and alarm purposes.

1.3.1.6

Tasks

Southbound Interface

The Southbound Interface performs all the tasks needed to communicate to the

NEs managed by the AEM-NB. It provides distributed CORBA access which includes implementation and translation of TL1 commands, response and autonomous messages into equivalent CORBA requests and events.

TL1 Southbound

Adaptors

Functionality,

Features

The TL1 Southbound Adaptors isolate the main AEM-NB functionality from the specific protocols used by the NEs. They are responsible for translating actions and state changes conveyed through CORBA messages from/into the NE specific message formats.

The Southbound Interface provides the following functionality/features:

Southbound TCP/IP TL1 Client Application

Support for the TL1 client application on the southbound TCP/IP interfaces.

TL1 is used for most of the OAM&P functions (see Chapter 1.3.1.2, page 1-12).

Southbound TCP/IP FTP Client Applications

Support for the FTP client application on the southbound TCP/IP interfaces. FTP is required for software download and NE data backup/restore.

Southbound TCP/IP Telnet Client Applications (Cut-Through)

Support for the Telnet application on the southbound TCP/IP interfaces.

Telnet is used to provide a direct command line into the NE (i.e. an equivalent ASCII terminal interface).

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1.3.2

Hardware Platform

1.3.2.1

Architecture

Components

A number of AEM-NB Clients (UNIX Workstations) can be added to the AEM-NB

Server to support concurrent users or remote access to the server’s applications.

These clients can be connected through a TCP/IP infrastructure or a Local Area

Network (LAN). Examples are shown in Figure 1-9, page 1-28 to Figure 1-12, page 1-31.

Tasks of the

Components

Conceptional

Representation

The tasks of the components are:

AEM-NB Server:

Manages all the AEM-NB applications and provides access to the NEs, the database and the external OS.

AEM-NB Client:

Formats the display of the application screens and manages the users sessions with the application, e.g. database access.

Figure 1-4 is a conceptual representation of the various generic components.

GUI

AEM-NB Client

User

AEM-NB

Server

+

Database

GUI

AEM-NB Client

Figure 1-4 Hardware Components

AEM-NB System

External OS

NE

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Examples of

AEM-NBs

System and Software Architecture

Two examples of an AEM-NB system are shown in Figure 1-5.

AEM-NB System 1: AEM-NB System 2:

Client Client Client

AEM-NB Server

Hub

AEM-NB Server

Figure 1-5 Examples of AEM-NBs

1.3.2.2

Requirements

Server/Clients

A SUN SOLARIS workstation can be used as AEM-NB Server as well as AEM-NB

Client.

Peripherals

The AEM-NB system may use a number of peripherals with the following tasks:

CD-ROM:

Used for installing the system software.

Tape drive or another removable device (optional):

Used for backup and restore functions.

Printer:

Used for obtaining hard copies, e.g. configuration/alarm reports or performance monitoring measurement information.

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1.4

Goal of this

Chapter

Working with AEM-NB

This chapter will outline the management activities and processes in the AEM-NB.

The main emphasis is on presenting everyday operation processes. The chapter is structured with respect to the various network life cycle phases (see further below).

User Profiles

Life Cycle of a

Network

There are 3 default user profiles: the administrator, maintenance and monitoring profile. The rights belonging to these profiles are described in Chapter 1.4.4, page 1-27.

The individual life cycle of a telecommunication network has the following phases: planning, installation, provisioning, operation & surveillance, modification and finally decommissioning. Modification of a network may take the form of fine adjustment, expansion or restructuring of the network, and addition of new functionality.

Figure 1-6 shows the life cycle of a network.

Support by

AEM-NB

.

Planning

.

Installation

Modification

.

Provisioning

Operation &

Surveillance

.

Decommissioning

Figure 1-6 Life Cycle of a Network

The AEM-NB is mainly used in three life cycle phases: during network provisioning, network modification and network operation & surveillance. The installation phase is supported by the Graphical System Interface for Narrowband Services

(GSI-NB).

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1.4.1

Network Planning and

Physical Installation

Network Planning

Physical

Installation

Network Status after Physical

Installation

In the network planning phase, all specifications and requirements of the future network operation are translated into a concrete network structure. That means, the network planning phase, during which a decision on the network topology, equipment and components is made, has to take place before the operation with the AEM-NB starts.

The installation of the network follows the planning phase. The installation includes the following steps:

Physical NE installation.

This includes the installation of racks, plug-ins and cabling of the NEs.

Creation of a DCN plan

Communication between the AEM-NB and the NEs is carried out via the

Data Communication Network (DCN). A DCN plan should be drawn up before provisioning the network to ensure that the AEM-NB can reach all NEs and that the administration of the DCN does not lead to an undue increase in performance requirements.

NE connection to the AEM-NB server

OS connection to the AEM-NB Server (optional)

Installation of the third-party, application and AEM-NB software on the

AEM-NB Server.

After completion of these steps, the network operator has at his disposal a network which is connected physically with AEM-NB and which is, in principle, ready for operation.

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1.4.2

Configuration Management

Introduction

The Configuration Management in accordance with the specific operating conditions of the network operator is performed by special provisioning actions. It is assumed that the NEs and AEM-NB have already been physically connected.

Provisioning

Actions

Figure 1-7 provides an overview of the provisioning actions and the text which follows gives a detailed description.

.

Configuration Management

Eintragen der

NE and Domain Creation

Eintragen der

Equipment Configuration

Konfigurierung der

Service Provisioning

NE and Domain

Creation

Equipment

Configuration

Figure 1-7 Network Provisioning

Prior to equipment configuration and service provisioning, the NEs must be known in the AEM-NB. To achieve this, the following 4 steps are necessary:

1.

Creation of domains

2.

Creation of NEs

3.

Assignment of NEs to any domain(s)

4.

Logical connection of NEs.

All steps are described in detail in Chapter 5, User Service Manual (Order no.

363-211-412).

NEs can be configured if they are known in the AEM-NB. The following measures should be performed:

Selection of the timing synchronization source

Selection of the COMDAC (simplex/duplex) and IO_HDLC protection scheme

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Service

Provisioning

Selection of those slots for which an absence of the plug-in will be alarmed

(only applicable for COMDAC)

Provisioning of card types which are inserted in a slot

Configure ISDN in POTS mode via cut-through

Provisioning of the protection switching.

All steps are described in detail in Chapter 5, User Service Manual (Order no.

363-211-412).

If the NEs are configured and integrated in the network, cross connections can be defined. The following actions are necessary:

Creation of V5 Network Interfaces

Adding of V5 Links to the V5 interfaces

Adding of Primary/Secondary Links

Adding of V5 User Ports.

All steps are described in detail in Chapter 5, User Service Manual (Order no.

363-211-412).

After the provisioning phase the NEs can now be controlled and monitored by the

AEM-NB and start operation & surveillance.

Network Status after Provisioning

1.4.3

Actions

Required

Rights

Network Operation & Surveillance

During network operation & surveillance, the administration, control and supervision of the network mainly include

Fault Management

Network Modification

Performance Monitoring.

The administrator rights are sufficient to perform all required operations. The visual check of parameters and displays on the GUI requires monitoring rights only.

1.4.3.1

Fault Management

Alarm Types

General Fault

Handling

There are two alarm types: alarms generated by the NEs and alarms generated by AEM-NB itself, e.g. an alarm indicating that log files without archiving is being removed (LOG_DEL_FULL). All alarms are displayed in the alarm viewer. It allows the network operator to detect the alarm and to locate its source.

Figure 1-8 shows the general fault handling. In the following the individual phases are described in more detail.

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und

Fault localisation and diagnosis

• Identification of the alarm source

• der

• Identification of the fault source

• der

Fault identification

-

- durch der (Polling)

• Alarm logs

• auf der

• -

NE NE NE

Background

Detection of Faults

Figure 1-8 General Fault Handling

1.4.3.1.1

Fault Identification

AEM-NB gathers information about faults occurring in the network and forwards this information to the network operator. This procedure includes two tasks: on the one hand, the fault must be identified, and on the other hand, the fault information must be processed as alarm notifications to be displayed on the user interface.

If an NE fault is detected, the NE notifies the AEM-NB. The notification comprises the type of fault and the address of the originating NE. The AEM-NB detects and processes such a notification automatically.

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Alarm Display on the User Interface

Alarm Logs

Reaction to Fault

Identification

Fault Source

Background

Recovery

Mechanisms

If the unit of a NE fails that is responsible for the communication with the AEM-NB, the fault is identified differently. No alarm notification will be sent to the AEM-NB.

The AEM-NB detects the fault by testing at regular intervals whether the association to the particular NE is dropped. In this case the AEM-NB itself raises an alarm.

A complete alarm overview and a detailed alarm description is provided by the alarm viewer. All relevant alarm data (e.g. alarm severity) are shown.

The AEM-NB keeps alarm logs to store the alarm notifications. Alarm logs are used among other things for long-term observations, e.g. of the fault behaviour in the network. Alarm logs exist for pending alarms, for the alarm history and for clock events in the network.

1.4.3.1.2

Fault Localisation and Diagnosis

When a fault has been detected, it is necessary to localise its source and diagnose its cause in order to initiate appropriate repair procedures. To locate the cause of fault, the AEM-NB provides information gathered from alarm notifications and general network data.

Each alarm notification contains the name of the network component from which it originates. This network component, however, need not always be the real fault source.

1.4.3.1.3

Fault Clearance

The AEM-NB detects faults automatically and clears various software errors by itself (fault recovery). The transmission characteristics of the network will not be impaired by this.

System Recovery protects the AEM-NB and associated users from unnecessary problems and avoids or reduces manual work.

Recovery processes vary depending on the type of failure that occurred, the structures affected, and the type of recovery. If no files are lost or damaged, recovery may amount to no more than restarting an instance. If data has been lost, recovery requires additional steps, such as database restore using a previous backup.

AEM-NB recovery mechanisms are initiated mainly by the following situations:

NE software crash

AEM-NB crash

Communication between AEM-NB and a NE is interrupted.

In the case of a NE crash, the AEM-NB configures NEs in accordance with the internal state of the AEM-NB database. In the event of a AEM-NB crash or an interruption in communication, the AEM-NB downloads the current NE configuration from the NE to its database.

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Interactions between Operator and AEM-NB

Initiation of Maintenance Actions

Faults (software or hardware), the cause of which the AEM-NB cannot eliminate itself by means of a recovery mechanism, must then be handled by the user. The

AEM-NB supports this. The AEM-NB first displays the fault on the user interface.

The user then initiates appropriate measures to clear the fault and/or to maintain network operation. This includes access to faulty network units and the redirection of the network traffic. The AEM-NB supports both.

Sometimes, additional maintenance actions are necessary to clear a fault. For example, some network disturbances can also originate in hardware faults. Such hardware faults often require the faulty component to be replaced, and this can only be done by maintenance personnel.

NOTE:

More detailed information about maintenance actions is provided in

Chapter 6, User Service Manual (Order no. 363-211-412).

Fault Clearance

Once the fault has been cleared, the alarm is reset automatically.

1.4.3.2

Network Modification

Types of Network

Modification

Usually, network operation & surveillance requires structural modifications in the network. The AEM-NB supports this. There are two types of network modifications:

Installation or removal of NEs

Modification of NEs.

1.4.3.2.1

Installation and Removal of an NE

Installation of a NE

For installing a new NE in an existing network the following steps must be carried out:

1.

Check whether the new NE can be incorporated in the existing DCN plan drawn up in the network planning phase (if not, the DCN plan must first be revised)

2.

Creation of the NE

3.

Assignment of the NE to a domain

4.

Logical connection of the NE

5.

Selection of the timing synchronization source

6.

Selection of the COMDAC protection scheme (simplex/duplex)

7.

Selection of those slots for which an absence of the plug-in will be alarmed

(COMDAC)

8.

Provisioning of card types which are inserted in a slot.

All steps are described in detail in Chapter 5, User Service Manual (Order no.

363-211-412).

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Removal of an NE

If an NE is no longer managed by the AEM-NB, the administrator deletes it from the AEM-NB database.

NOTE:

When an NE is deleted from the AEM-NB database, it is still fully functional.

The TL1 and TCP/IP links between the AEM-NB and the NE will be closed and the management access via the AEM-NB is not possible until the NE is created and connected again.

Adding a

Plug-in

1.4.3.2.2

Modification of NEs

NEs can be modified by adding or removing plug-in units. The AEM-NB recognises automatically which plug-in unit has been plugged and where. As only default settings are set on the new plug-in unit, the system administrator must adapt the configuration.

When deleting a plug-in, it must be ensured that there are no connections running via this unit. Then the plug-in may be removed.

Removing a

Plug-in

1.4.3.3

Performance Monitoring

Tasks of

Performance

Monitoring

Performance management guarantees that the transmission quality does not fall below a minimum performance threshold.

Another task is the recording of data for analysis at a later date, e.g. storing alarms in logs and print them.

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1.4.4

Protection from

Unauthorised

Access

User Groups

System Security and User Groups

The AEM-NB provides mechanisms which protect the system from unauthorised access. The user groups play a very important role in this context as they define different levels of access rights for the individual users.

By default there are 3 user groups: the administrator, maintenance and monitoring user group. Further groups can be added.

Access Rights

Table 1-1 provides an overview of the access permissions the user groups should have.

Table 1-1 Assignment of User Groups to Applications/Tasks

Application

System

Administration

User Administration and Profiling

Log Viewer

Alarm Viewer

Configuration

Manager

BroadBand EM

Task

Start-up / Shutdown

Monitoring

Access Policy

Management

User Group

Administrator

Administrator

Administrator

Domain Management

Actions

Administrator

Administrator, Maintenance

System Internal Events Administrator, Maintenance

Autonomous Report Administrator, Maintenance,

Monitoring

Acknowledge

View

Administrator, Maintenance

Administrator, Maintenance,

Monitoring

Clear

NE Creation

Equipment and

Service Provisioning

View

Administrator, Maintenance

Administrator, Maintenance

Administrator, Maintenance

Test

Scripts

Cut-through

BroadBand EM

Administrator, Maintenance,

Monitoring

Administrator, Maintenance,

Monitoring

Administrator

Administrator

Administrator, Maintenance,

Monitoring

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1.5

1.5.1

Network Configuration

The network configuration depends on the user applications. The most probable configurations are described below and illustrated in Figure 1-9 to Figure 1-12.

NOTE:

If there are various configuration options of the DCN, these are shown in the figures by means of dashed lines. The hubs are optional depending on the number of client platforms and NEs.

AEM-NB Server without Clients and external OS (LAN)

AEM-NB server connected to the NEs using a Local Area Network (LAN).

AEM-NB Server

Hub

TCP/IP (LAN)

NE NE

Figure 1-9 AEM-NB Server without Clients and external OS (LAN)

NE

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1.5.2

AEM-NB Server with Clients and without external OS (LAN)

AEM-NB server and one or more clients connected to the NEs using a LAN.

Client

AEM-NB Server

TCP/IP (LAN)

Hub

Client Client

NE NE

NE

Figure 1-10 AEM-NB Server with Clients and without external OS (LAN)

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1.5.3

AEM-NB Server without Clients and with external OS (WAN)

AEM-NB server connected to the NEs using a LAN and connected to one or more external OSs using a WAN link.

OSs Servers, e.g. TNM Server

Bridge/Router

WAN LINK

(ISDN, PSTN, X.25, SONET/SDH, ATM)

TCP/IP - PPP

Modem/

ISDN Network Adapter

AEM-NB Server

TCP/IP

Bridge/Router

Hub

TCP/IP (LAN)

NE NE NE

Figure 1-11 AEM-NB Server without Clients and with external OS (WAN)

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1.5.4

AEM-NB Server with Clients and external OS (WAN)

AEM-NB server and one or more clients connected to the NEs using a WAN link and connected to one ore more external OSs using a LAN connection.

Client Client Client

Hub

OSs Servers, e.g. TNM Server

TCP/IP

Modem/

ISDN Network Adapter

TCP/IP - PPP

AEM-NB Server

WAN LINK

(ISDN, PSTN, X.25, SONET/SDH, ATM)

Modem/

ISDN Network Adapter

TCP/IP - PPP

Bridge/Router

Hub TCP/IP (LAN)

NE

NE NE

Figure 1-12 AEM-NB Server with Clients and external OS (WAN)

NE

Bridge/Router

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Abbreviations

A

ACO

Alarm Cut-Off

ADSL

Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line

AEM

AnyMedia™ Access System Element Manager

AFM

Access Feeder Multiplexer

AID

Access Identifier

AMAS

AnyMedia Access System

ANR

Abnormal

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

AO

Autonomous Output Message

AP

Application Pack

APOG

Applications, Planning, and Ordering Guide

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

AUTO

Automatic

B

BAL

Balance

BB

Broadband

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Abbreviations

BCL

Bank Controller Link

BITS

Building Integrated Timing Supply

BRA

Basic Rate Access

C

CD

Compact Disk

CDE

Common Desktop Environment

CFL

Customer Feature List

CIT

Craft Interface Terminal

CIU

Communication Interface Unit

CLEI

Code assigned by Bellcore

CMIP

Common Management Information Protoco

CO

Central Office

COBRA

Common Object Request Broker Architecture

CPE

Customer Premises Equipment

CR

Critical (alarm severity)

CRV

Call Reference Value

CTAG

Correlation Tag

CTRL

Control

CTU

Craft Test Unit

CU

Channel Unit

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Abbreviations

D

DB

Database

DC

Direct Current

DCN

Data Communication Network

DDS

Digital Data System

DFL

Default

DID

Direct Inward Dial

DPT

Dial Pulse Termination

E

ECI

(Code that corresponds to the bar-coded label on the faceplate of the plug-in)

EIA

Electronic Industries Association

EM

Element Manager

EM-AM

Element ManagerAnyMedia

ENT

Enter

EOC

Embedded Operations Channel

EQPT

Equipment

ESF

Extended Super Frame

ETO

Equalized Transmission Only

EVT

Event

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Abbreviations

F

FAF

Facility Failure

FEF

Family of Equipment Failure

FLT

Fault

FS

SuperFrame with Datalink

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

FXO

Foreign Exchange Office

G

GS

Ground Start

GSF

General Service Function

GSFN

Generic Signalling Function

GSI

Graphical System Interface

GUI

Graphical User Interface

H

HBER

High Bit Error Ratio

HDD

Hard Disk Drive

HDLC

High Level Data Link Control

HP

Hewlett Packard

HW

Hardware

AB-4

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Abbreviations

I

ICC

InterChangeability Code

ICMS

Integrated Configuration Management System

ID

Identifier

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IIOP

Internet Interoperability Protocol

IN

Information (alarm severity)

INA

Integrated Network Access

IP

Internet Protocol

IS

In Service

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network

ITU

International Telecommunication Union

L

LAN

Local Area Network

LBER

Low Bit Error Ratio

LCN

Local Communication Network

LDS

Local Digital Switch

LED

Light Emitting Diode

LIC

License

LLN

Logical Line Number

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Abbreviations

LPBK

Loop Back

LS

Loop Start

M

MDS

Metallic Distribution Server

MDSU

Metallic Distribution Server Unit

MEA

Mismatch of Equipment and Attributes

MHz

Megahertz

MJ

Major (alarm severity)

MLT

Mechanized Loop Testing

MM

Module Manager

MN

Minor (alarm severity)

MON

Degraded Signal

MR

Modification Request

MSC

Metallic Shelf Controller

N

NB

Narrow Band

NE

Network Element

NEM

Network Element Management / AnyMedia EM subsystem

NM

Network Management

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NMA

Network Monitoring and Analysis

NMS

Network Management System

NVDS

Nonvolatile Data Storage

NVPS

Nonvolatile Program Storage

O

OAM

Operations, Administration and Maintenance

OCU

Office Channel Unit

OMG

Object Management Group

OODB

Object Oriented Database

OOS

Out Of Service

OPS

Operations System

ORB

Object Request Broker

OS

Operation System

P

PBX

Private Branch Exchange

PC

Personal Computer

PCM

Pulse Code Modulation

PDN

Public Data Network

PFU

Power Filter Unit

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Abbreviations

PID

Password Identifier

PLL

Permanent Leased Line

PLN

Physical Line Number

PLR

Pulse Link Repeater

POTS

Plain Old Telephone Service

PPP

Point to Point Protocol

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network

PT

Power Test

PTU

Power Test Unit

PVC

Permanent Virtual Circuits

R

RAM

Random Access Memory

RCV

Receive

RDLD

Red Lined

REPT

Report

ROC

Remote Operations Channel

ROM

Read Only Memory

RTLP

Receive Transmission Level Point

RTU

Remote Test Unit

2RVO

2-Wire Loop Reverse Battery, Originate

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Abbreviations

S

SC

Station Clock

SCC

Serial Communication Channel

SCEC

Secondary Channel Error Correction

SCI

Station Clock Interface

SDEE

Supported Entity Exists

SDH

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SGE

Supported Entity Outage

SL

Slope

SLC

Subscriber Loop Carrier

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SPLL

Semi Permanent Leased Line

SVC

Switched Virtual Circuits

SW

Software

T

TA

Terminal Adapter

Test Area

TAP

Test Access Path

Test Application Pack

TCA

Threshold Crossing Alert

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

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Abbreviations

TID

Target Identifier

TL1

Transaction Language 1

TLP

Transmission Level Point

TM

Timeslot Management

TMC

Timeslot Management Channel

TMN

Telecommunication Management Network

TNM

Total Network Management

TO

Transmission Only

TRMT

Transmit Attenuator Parameter

TS

Test

Timeslot

TTLP

Transmit Transmission Level Point

TTMT

Tandem Transmit Attenuator Parameter

U

UART

Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter

UAS

Unassigned

UEQ

Unequipped

UI

User Interface

UID

User Id

UPS

Uninterruptable Power Supply

UX

Unix

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Abbreviations

V

VB

Virtual Bank

VC

Virtual Connection

VF

Voice Frequency

VFDE

Voice Frequency Data Enhancement

VRT

Virtual Remote Terminal

W

WAN

Wide Area Network

X

XO

Crystal Oscillator

Y

YEL

Yellow Alarm

Z

ZCS

Zero Code Suppression

ZS

Zero Suppression

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Glossary

10Base T

This is a physical interface used for high speed Ethernet connection. It uses twisted pair cables.

A a-wire

One of the wires of the subscriber line. Sometimes it is called the tip wire.

AEM-NB

AnyMedia Access System Element Manager for Narrowband Services. It may be also named simply AEM-NB in some parts of the document.

Alarm

Any condition that needs operator attention, since it may impact the normal operations of any system under operator responsibility (e.g. Element Manager, Network Element).

AMS

Alarm Management Subsystem.

AnyMedia Access System

This is also referred to as the Network Element or just the NE.

AnyMedia NE

AnyMedia Network Element for Narrow Band Services. It is the Network Element to which the DCN defined in this document is related. Also known as FAST or AMAS.

AO

Autonomous output; reports generated by the NEs.

Application

Group of one or more modules that offer related functionality.

Applicatios Pack (AP)

This is a circuit pack which provides the line-side interface functionality for POTS, SPOTS, ISDN or special service circuits. Each AP handles 24 or 32 lines (POTS, SPOTS, COIN and special services) or 16 lines (ISDN). There can be up to 16 APs in an AnyMedia Access System shelf. APs are for example LPZ100, LPU112, TAP100 as well as

ADSL and AFM packs for broadband applications.

Archive

Process of copying file systems to removable media (such as tape) and deleting the original files once they have been backed up.

B b-wire

One of the wires of the subscriber line. Sometimes it is called the ring wire.

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Backup

Process of copying file systems to removable media (such as tape) to safeguard against loss, damage, or corruption.

BB

Broad Band.

BCC protocol

Bearer Channel Connection protocol - This is a V5.2 protocol which allocates bearer channels on demand.

Bearer channel

A 64-kbps timeslot within the V5.x interface allocated for a B-channel of an ISDN user port or a channel from a

POTS user port.

Blinking Alarm

An alarm which is continuously changing its status: raised, clear, raised, clear ...

Bridge

A network layer device that passes packets between two or more network segments that use the same data link communications protocol (OSI layer 2). The network segments appear as one segment to protocol levels higher than the data link layer. The bridge recognizes with the help of the MAC address which LAN component is connected at which port of the bridge. Data packets are only transferred over the bridge if the participant is at another port of the bridge. With a bridge, data traffic can be kept from a certain part of a LAN.

Built-in Self Test (BIST)

This is a procedure executed by each plug-in circuit pack either after power-up or on demand. The task is to check the functions of the hardware.

Burst Load

Load that can occur in certain well-known circumstances, where response times are no longer guaranteed, but queues handle excess traffic. After removing the causes of the burst load, and a certain settling time, normal operation is resumed. During burst load there is a graceful degradation, no loss of information, only a queueing occurs to defer the load to a later moment.

Busy Hour Load

Maximum load that is expected to occur in real life that must be handled with normal response times.

C

Circuit

This refers to the devices and functions built on or provided by an AP for one port. In some documents this is also called facility. The subscriber line is not included.

Client

An entity that initiates requests to a server. For the AnyMedia Access System a client could be a PC with a GUI interface, a telnet session or an OS (like the AEM-NB).

Client Application

A group of one or more user modules that offer related functionality.

Client Host

A machine where one or more user modules are installed.

Common Data and Control Pack (COMDAC)

Common Data and Control - Plug-in which provides the central control and transmission fabric for the AnyMedia

Access System. The COMDAC supports multiple system applications, including V5.x switched services and analog and digital leased lines (ALL and DLL) and a variety of application packs.

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Glossary

Configuration Management

This consists of a set of functions for controlling the network elements, including initialization, parameter setting, starting and stopping and collecting information about the NE configuration.

Controlled Objects

An entity defined via type and value. Where type is defined as NE for AEM-NB R1.0, but later when unbundled it requires the ability to configure type as VRT for the 24-channel product. Value will identify one specific managed

NE or VRT Interface.

CIT: Craft Interface Terminal

A local RS232 connection on the AnyMedia access system to which a PC GUI can be connected.

D

Date

This refers to the day, month, and year and represents a calendar function that needs to include a calculation for leap years and a capability of determining the day of the week from the date, and must be Y2K compliant.

DCN

Data Communications Network; the communication media and interconnected devices used to exchange management information between the AEM-NB, the NEs and other OSs.

Defaults

Defaults are the parameter values built into the AnyMedia Access System when it is shipped from the factory. The sum of all defaults forms the default configuration. (Default values are restored upon execution of an Initialize-System command.) For TL1 commands there are defined defaults for parameter values which are used for parameters not given in the command line.

Device Driver

A program that controls a specific device, such as a cartridge tape (DAT).

Distribution Port

The circuitry that provides narrowband access (i.e., up to the 1.544 Mbps DS1 rate) to a single network interface over one (2- or 4-wire) metallic facility and converts between the format seen by this network interface (e.g., analog voice-frequency, ISDN U-interface, etc.) and the internal format (i.e., 4-Mbps timeslots). Distribution Ports are contained in Application Packs / Channel Units for the AnyMedia Access System. A maximum of 32 Distribution Ports are supported on POTS/COIN Application Packs (APs) and a maximum of 16 Distribution Ports are supported on

ISDN APs.

Download

The process of moving information from a server to a client at the request of a client according to client/server paradigm. Expected applications of this capability are database retrievals.

Drop

This comprises the wire to the customer and customer premises equipment (CPE). In some documents this is also called equipment.

E

E1

E1 is the standard acronym for the 2.048-Mbit/s interface defined in the ITU-T Recommendations G.703/G.704.

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EAS Element Access Server

This is a CORBA server developed by Lumos Technologies which provides an interface between TL1 messages and CORBA methods.

EM Application

A group of one or more modules that offers related functionality.

EM Domain

An assigned collection of Controlled Objects.

EM Task

This represents a subset of the management functions supported by EM applications.

EM User

An entity defined via login name that can be assigned at least to an EM user group.

EM User Group

A logical group of EM users enabled to access one or more “domains”. Permissions to access domains, applications and tasks are administered on an EM user group basis.

Embedded Operations Channel (EOC)

A duplicated DS0 data link dedicated for exchange operations messages between the LDS and RDT.

F

Fault Case

For some faults (e.g. DCN failure), normal working conditions need to be re-established within certain time limits.

These are fault cases that are taken into account.

Fault Management

For detecting, displaying, storing, filtering and routing fault/alarm data.

Feeder DS1 Ports

These are the DS1 circuits that are used to provide virtual remote terminals or INA virtual bank feeder facilities and are provided by IO_DS1 circuit packs in the AnyMedia Access System. The DS1 port numbers are included as part of the AIDs for these feeder DS1 ports.

Forced Switch

This refers to an Element Manager-initiated switch command that instructs the NE to perform a switch no matter what the conditions of the protection unit (COMDAC and IO_DS1 circuit packs only) are.

Full Backup

This copies a complete file system or directory.

G

General settings

These are parameters which are valid for all customer-specific configurations (for example loop-start function for all

Z ports which are assigned for POTS service or suppression of out-band signalings for Z ports which are assigned for ALL (transmission-only) service).

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Glossary

GSI

Graphical System Interface - A user-friendly front-end for communicating with a system. In the

AnyMedia Access

System the GSI is installed on a Windows 95 personal computer and used for entering and receiving TL1 (Transaction Language 1) messages. The GSI provides support for managing the

AnyMedia Access System in the following functional areas:

Configuration management

Fault management

Performance management

Security management

Inventory management.

GSI-NB

The Graphical System Interface for narrowband services. This is a Windows 95-based PC which uses TL1 commands for the management of AnyMedia Network Elements.

GUI

The Graphical User Interface of the AEM-NB.

H

Host

A machine where one or more modules are installed.

Hub or Multiport Repeaters

This have 8, 12, 16 or more ports. With their help multiple devices with 10BASE-T interface can be connected to a single LAN. They have at least one additional port for connecting an additional segment of a LAN.

I

Incremental Backup

This copies new files and files that have changed since a previous backup. The incremental backups are usually given a dump level which determines which files are backed up. A certain level incremental backup will save all the new or changed files since the last backup with a lower level.

Inhibit Switch

This refers to an Element Manager-initiated switch command that instructs the NE to inhibit a side switch irrespective of the conditions of the active unit (COMDAC and IO_DS1 circuit packs only).

Internationalization

This is the process of isolating the language- and customs-dependent code in a computer program from the language-independent code. The term internationalization is often abbreviated as i18n.

IP Addresses

These are distributed according to the worldwide or local configuration. The IP address is used in ISO layer 3. A

LAN contains tables for making an assignment between MAC address and IP address.

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Glossary

L

Level 1 Applications

The minimum set of server applications that have to run together to provide the minimum functionality of the Any-

Media NB EM. These applications must exist before the Level 2 Application can be started. If this group is shut down the AEM-NB is shut down.

Level 2 Applications

Server applications that can be started up and shut down individually without affecting the functioning of other applications.

Line Test

Also called drop test. This checks for open circuits, short circuits, leakages to ground, foreign voltages, or other faults on the subscriber line that connects an AP port circuit to the CPE. The results are used to detect broken or bad quality wires even before the customer realizes a lack of quality.

LL/PLL Permanent Leased Lines

A service in which resources are used permanently for the transmission of data between two points. The switch is not responsible for setting up this service.

Locale

This is a geographic or political region that shares the same language and customs. In this document, a locale is also used to refer to the definition of the subset of a user's information technology environment that depends on language and cultural conventions.

Local Digital Switch (LDS)

This is a switching machine that terminates a TR-303 VRT. An example of an LDS is the Lucent 5ESS

switch.

Localization

This is the process of adapting a program for use in a specific locale.

LOG File

This is the file used for listing all actions that have occurred in a system. This information is generated and recorded concurrently and sequentially as transactions and events are processed in the system.

M

MAC Address

This is a 6-byte hardware address, which identifies a unique participant worldwide in an Ethernet LAN. A MAC address is used in OSI layer 2.

Manual (normal) Switch

This refers to an Element Manager-initiated switch command that instructs the NE to perform a switch only if the protection unit (COMDAC and IO_DS1 circuit packs only) is in service and not faulty.

Migration

This refers to converting an NE from one software release to another by installing a different software release.

Module

An executable installed on a Host.

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Glossary

N

NE

AnyMedia Access System Network Element.

Non-Volatile Data Storage (NVDS)

This refers to a capability of the AnyMedia Access System to store information in such a way as to survive indefinite periods of total power failure. The current values for all provisionable parameters are stored in the NVDS and hence are the parameter values that will be used on subsequent NE power-up.

Non-Volatile Program Storage (NVPS)

This keeps software program data. It resides in the COMDAC.

Normal Hour Load

The average load expected during the lifetime of the system.

O

Off-line Backups

These are backups performed automatically via any scheduling mechanisms, e.g. cron file.

On-line Backups

These are backups performed on user demand.

Operator

This refers to the AnyMedia Element Manager users.

Operator Mode

Testing initiated by staff from the EM using the NE-integrated capabilities. These tests can last some time, e.g., some measurements can be executed several times during a test session. The results in this mode usually are values (e.g. resistance, voltage, ...) and pass/fail decisions.

Overload

The load that causes the system to take drastic measures to ensure its integrity. During overload normal system function is disrupted and certain inputs (the ones causing the overload) are ignored. After clearing the overload situation, the system is left in asynchronous state for those inputs that generated the overload. Re-synchronization of this input retrieves synchronization.

OS

This is any operations system or Element Manager connected to the AnyMedia Access System Element Manager by some means of communication. For the AnyMedia Element Manager R1.0 the communication method is

TCP/IP.

P

Password (PID)

This is always associated with a login UID. PID is a case-sensitive string containing 6 to 10 alphabetic, numeric and symbolic characters, where at least two characters are non-alphabetic and one is symbolic.

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Glossary

PCM Highway

The COMDAC pack is connected to each AP by the PCM highway, which consists of two 4.096-Mbps serial links, a

4.096-MHz clock and an 8-kHz sync signal. The AnyMedia Access System uses two PCM highways between the

COMDAC, the IO_DS1s and each of the 16 AP slots.

Performance Management

For receiving, detecting, time stamping, analyzing, displaying and storing performance data.

Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS)

The conversional 2-wire analog subscriber service.

Platform

The hardware on which any AnyMedia EM module, server or client, is running.

Platform Alarm

This is an alarm related to the AnyMedia Element Manager application or its hardware/software platform. It usually refers to an Element Manager function or hardware/software platform object.

Port

This is circuitry built on an AP to provide an interface for subscribers. Note that more than one port can be housed on an AP, e.g. the LPZ100 provides 32 Z-ports.

Port Test

Also called circuit test. Verifies the ability of an AP port to provide proper transmission and signaling. It is the testing of the port hardware. The functions of the port test rather depend on the hardware function of the circuit (e.g.

POTS, pulse metering, ISDN, ...). These tests are performed on each AP using part of their self-test capabilities.

R

Response Time

The real elapsed time between detectable start of an action and its completion.

Restore

The process of copying backup files from removable media to a working directory, replacing the original files which could have been damaged.

ROC (Remote Operations Channel)

The bearer channel that conveys management information for a remote system (AnyMedia NE). The ROC is intended to be used when the system is installed at locations where no local Ethernet LAN and no separate network

(e.g., X.25) exists.

Router

A network layer device that forwards packets from one network to another based on network layer information (OSI layer 3). Data packets are only transferred through the router if the participant is connected to another port of the router. With a router, data traffic can be kept from certain parts of a LAN. A router is more powerful than a bridge, it reduces the traffic on a LAN more than a bridge, because the IP address is evaluated for traffic control.

S

Security Management

This restricts access based upon the establishment of log-in procedures and an associated set of passwords.

Screen locks are used as well.

User access is based upon domain partitioning. Controls the access to the data and capabilities inherent within a fixed partition of the network, including unbundling.

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Glossary

Server

A network element that waits for requests from clients to perform specific tasks. This is the function performed by the AnyMedia Access System.

Server Application

This is a set of server processes that perform a certain function.

Server Host

This is the machine where the system server modules are installed.

Server Module

This is the module that provides a subset of the system services.

Service

This is a piece of functionality provided by a server module.

ServiceState (of an object or entity)

This represents the current availability status of an associated resource or service in the NE from the management point of view (e.g., memory administration, maintenance).

Session

This is the active communication link between a client (in the context of this document the client will be the AEM-

NB) and a server (in the context of this document the server will be the AnyMedia Access System for Narrow

Band).

Side Switching

This refers to the operation of deactivating the active core entity and activating the standby core entity (COMDAC and IO_DS1 circuit packs).

Software Download

The transport of the information required to upgrade/update a given NE’s generic program.

SPLL Semi Permanent Leased Lines

A service in which resources are used permanently for the transmission of data between two points. The switch is responsible for setting up this service.

System

AnyMedia-EM software. It provides a set of services allowing an operator to manage the AnyMedia NE.

System Failure

Any problem that prevents the EM system from continuing to work.

T

TAS (Terminal Access Server)

This adapts local area networks (LAN) to wide area networks (WAN). TASs have the ability to integrate remote network elements in a local network. TASs support different LAN protocols (e.g. Ethernet) and WAN protocols (e.g.

PPP).

TCA (Threshold Crossing Alert)

A crossing of a parameter threshold that is generally considered to be a transient condition.

TELNET

This ia a remote terminal interface protocol which allows remote login capability into a system on a network from any other node on that network that is also running TELNET. TELNET is a TCP/IP application.

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Test Access Path (TAP)

There are up to two TAPs, one consisting of two pairs (TAP-B) and the other of six pairs (TAP-A), both providing internal and external metallic test access to the circuits.

Test Session

This is the procedure including all necessary functions to test a subscriber. This includes the setup of the test path as well as the release of the test equipment. The test session runs in the NE.

Time

This represents a 24-hour clock function.

TL1 (Transaction Language 1)

This is a bellcore standard message language. It is the primary means of operating and maintaining the V5DLC system. A TL1 message session supports bi-directional message transmission and when a TL1 link is established, the system can initiate autonomous messages to monitor alarms and changes in system status.

U

Upgrade

Is a type of migration where the software release is changed from an earlier release to a later release.

Upload

The process of moving information from a client to a server at the request of a client according to client/server paradigm. Intended applications of this capability are software updates and restoring databases.

User

The operator who will use the EM to provision, maintain and monitor the AnyMedia Access System.

User Identifier (UID)

This is a unique user login identifier. This string is required and cannot be null. Grouping of UID string values for this command is not allowed. The valid UID value is a 3 to 10 case-sensitive alphanumeric character string.

V

V5.x interface

An ETSI defined interface between a local exchange and an access network element. A V5.1 interface consists of one single 2-Mbps (E1) link containing communication channels and bearer channels. A V5.2 interface consists of up to sixteen 2-Mbps (E1) links containing communication channels and bearer channels. The term V5.x interface is used for clarification that certain facts, a certain description or requirements are relevant for both V5.1 and

V5.2 interface.

Z

Z-port

A Z-port is circuitry built on a POTS AP to provide a Z interface for analog subscribers. Note that more than one Zport is housed on an AnyMedia POTS AP, e.g. the LPZ100 provides 32 Z-ports.

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Glossary

Z-port (for transmission only)

This is a Z-interface normally used for services other than telephony (e.g. data transmission). This type of Z-interface does not support DC feeding and does not support out-band signaling. This interface can support Analog

Leased Line (ALL) service.

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Glossary

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Index

A

Access protection

1-27

Actions

1-13

Alarm

~ log

1-24

~ monitoring

1-22

Autonomous Reports

1-13

C

CD-ROM

VIII

Comments on document

IX

D

Documentation

VII

Comment procedure

IX

Packaging and format

VII

F

Fault clearance

1-24

identification

1-23

source

1-24

I

Installation

ITM-SC software

1-20

L

Life cycles

Log network

1-19

alarm ~

1-24

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N I

Log type

Actions

1-13

Autonomous Reports

1-13

System Internal Events

1-13

M

Modifying network

1-25

network element

1-26

N

Network life cycle

1-19

modifying

1-25

normal operation

1-22

physical installation

1-20

Network element modifying

1-26

registration

1-21

Network planning

1-20

O

Ordering

Document

VIII

P

Performance

~ monitoring

1-26

Plug-in unit adding

1-26

removing

1-26

Provisioning network

1-21

R

Reaction to fault identification

1-24

Recovery

1-24

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S

Software

~ installation

1-20

System

~ security

1-27

System Internal Events

1-13

T

Trademarks

VI

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