Octagon PC-500 User Manual

NOTICE

The drivers and utilities for Octagon products, previously provided on a CD, are now in a self-extracting zip file located at the Octagon

Systems web site on the product-specific page. Download this file to a separate directory on your hard drive, then double click on it to extract the files. All references in this manual to files and directories on the CD now refer to files in the Utilities zip file.

O C T A G O N S Y S T E M S

E m b e d d e d P C s F o r E x t r e m e E n v i r o n m e n t s

PC-500 User’s Manual

5170 (0403)

DiskOnChip ® is a registered trademark of M-Systems. Micro PC™, PC SmartLink™,

Octagon Systems Corporation ® , the Octagon logo and the Micro PC logo are trademarks of Octagon Systems Corporation. QuickBASIC ® is a registered trademark of Microsoft

Corporation. QNX ® is a registered trademark of QNX Software Systems Ltd.

ROM-DOS™ is a trademark of Datalight. Windows™ and Windows NT™ are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. PICO FA™ is a trademark of Phoenix Technologies

Ltd.

Copyright 1997, 1998, 2003—Octagon Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

However, any part of this document may be reproduced, provided that Octagon

Systems Corporation is cited as the source. The contents of this manual and the specifications herein may change without notice.

The information contained in this manual is believed to be correct. However, Octagon assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representations that the circuits are free from patent infringement. Octagon makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the use specified without further testing or modification.

Octagon Systems Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of a component may directly threaten life or injury. It is a Condition of Sale that the user of Octagon products in life support applications assumes all the risk of such use and indemnifies Octagon against all damage.

Technical support: 303-426-4521

Telephone: 303-430-1500

FAX: 303-426-8126

Web site: www.octagonsystems.com

PC-500 user’s manual Notice to user

IMPORTANT!

Please read the following section before installing your product:

Octagon’s products are designed to be high in performance while consuming very little power. In order to maintain this advantage, CMOS circuitry is used.

CMOS chips have specific needs and some special requirements that the user must be aware of. Read the following to help avoid damage to your card from the use of CMOS chips.

≡

Using CMOS circuitry in industrial control

Industrial computers originally used LSTTL circuits. Because many PC components are used in laptop computers, IC manufacturers are exclusively using CMOS technology. Both TTL and CMOS have failure mechanisms, but they are different. Described below are some of the failures which are common to all manufacturers of CMOS equipment.

However, much of the information has been put in the context of the

Micro PC.

Octagon has developed a reliable database of customer-induced, field failures. The average MTBF of Micro PC cards exceeds 11 years, yet there are failures. Most failures have been identified as customerinduced, but there is a small percentage that cannot be identified. As expected, virtually all the failures occur when bringing up the first system. On subsequent systems, the failure rate drops dramatically.

n Approximately 20% of the returned cards are problem-free. These cards, typically, have the wrong jumper settings or the customer has problems with the software. This causes frustration for the customer and incurs a testing charge from Octagon.

n Of the remaining 80% of the cards, 90% of these cards fail due to customer misuse and accident. Customers often cannot pinpoint the cause of the misuse.

n Therefore, 72% of the returned cards are damaged through some type of misuse. Of the remaining 8%, Octagon is unable to determine the cause of the failure and repairs these cards at no charge if they are under warranty.

Notice to user PC-500 user’s manual

The most common failures on CPU cards are over voltage of the power supply, static discharge, and damage to the serial and parallel ports.

On expansion cards, the most common failures are static discharge, over voltage of inputs, over current of outputs, and misuse of the CMOS circuitry with regards to power supply sequencing. In the case of the video cards, the most common failure is to miswire the card to the flat panel display. Miswiring can damage both the card and an expensive display.

n Multiple component failures - The chance of a random component failure is very rare since the average MTBF of an Octagon card is greater than 11 years. In a 7 year study, Octagon has never found a single case where multiple IC failures were not caused by misuse or accident. It is very probable that multiple component failures indicate that they were user-induced.

n Testing “dead” cards - For a card that is “completely nonfunctional”, there is a simple test to determine accidental over voltage, reverse voltage or other “forced” current situations. Unplug the card from the bus and remove all cables. Using an ordinary digital ohmmeter on the 2,000 ohm scale, measure the resistance between power and ground. Record this number. Reverse the ohmmeter leads and measure the resistance again. If the ratio of the resistances is 2:1 or greater, fault conditions most likely have occurred.

A common cause is miswiring the power supply.

n Improper power causes catastrophic failure - If a card has had reverse polarity or high voltage applied, replacing a failed component is not an adequate fix. Other components probably have been partially damaged or a failure mechanism has been induced. Therefore, a failure will probably occur in the future. For such cards,

Octagon highly recommends that these cards be replaced.

n Other over-voltage symptoms - In over-voltage situations, the programmable logic devices, EPROMs and CPU chips, usually fail in this order. The failed device may be hot to the touch. It is usually the case that only one IC will be overheated at a time.

n Power sequencing - The major failure of I/O chips is caused by the external application of input voltage while the Micro PC power is off.

If you apply 5V to the input of a TTL chip with the power off, nothing will happen. Applying a 5V input to a CMOS card will cause the current to flow through the input and out the 5V power pin. This current attempts to power up the card. Most inputs are rated at

25 mA maximum. When this is exceeded, the chip may be damaged.

n Failure on powerup - Even when there is not enough current to destroy an input described above, the chip may be destroyed when the power to the card is applied. This is due to the fact that the input current biases the IC so that it acts as a forward biased diode on powerup. This type of failure is typical on serial interface chips.

PC-500 user’s manual Notice to user n Hot insertion - Plugging cards into the card cage with the power on will usually not cause a problem. (Octagon urges that you do not

do this!) However, the card may be damaged if the right sequence of pins contacts as the card is pushed into the socket. This usually damages bus driver chips and they may become hot when the power is applied. This is one of the most common failures of expansion cards.

n Terminated backplanes - Some customers try to use Micro PC cards in backplanes that have resistor/capacitor termination networks. CMOS cards cannot be used with termination networks.

Generally, the cards will function erratically or the bus drivers may fail due to excessive output currents.

n Excessive signal lead lengths - Another source of failure that was identified years ago at Octagon was excessive lead lengths on digital inputs. Long leads act as an antenna to pick up noise. They can also act as unterminated transmission lines. When 5V is switch onto a line, it creates a transient waveform. Octagon has seen submicrosecond pulses of 8V or more. The solution is to place a capacitor, for example 0.1 µF, across the switch contact. This will also eliminate radio frequency and other high frequency pickup.

≡

Avoiding damage to the heatsink/CPU

WARNING!

When handling any Octagon CPU card, extreme care must be taken not to strike the heatsink against another object, such as a table edge. Also, be careful not to drop the CPU card, since this may cause damage to the heatsink/CPU as well.

Epoxy adhesive bonds the heatsink to the CPU chip. When the heatsink is struck, the epoxy adhesive does not allow the heatsink to separate from the chip. The force of the blow to the heatsink then causes the legs of the CPU chip to separate from the PCB. This force damages both the CPU chip and the PCB.

Note Any physical damage to the CPU control card is not covered under warranty.

Notice to user PC-500 user’s manual

PC-500 user’s manual Contents

Contents

Abbreviations and terms used in this manual ............................................ xiii

Conventions used in this manual ..................................................................... xv

About this manual

Overview: Section 1 – Installation

Chapter 1: Overview ........................................................................................... 1-1

Description ....................................................................................................... 1-1

PC-500 major hardware features .................................................................. 1-1

CPU ......................................................................................................... 1-1

Up to 48 MB DRAM ............................................................................... 1-1

Solid-state disks ..................................................................................... 1-2

Serial ports protected against ESD ...................................................... 1-3

Local bus SVGA, flat panel interface, and GUI accelerator ............... 1-3

Adjustable display bias supply ............................................................. 1-3

Industrial I/O using EZ I/O ................................................................... 1-4

Speaker, keyboard, and mouse ports .................................................... 1-4

PC/104 16-bit interface .......................................................................... 1-4

Ethernet .................................................................................................. 1-4

SCSI ........................................................................................................ 1-4

PC-500 major software features .................................................................... 1-5

Advanced power management and system management input ........ 1-5

Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically ............. 1-5

SETUP information stored in EEPROM for high reliability .............. 1-5

Phoenix BIOS ......................................................................................... 1-6

“Instant DOS” operating system .......................................................... 1-6

Programmable video BIOS .................................................................... 1-6

On-board flash file system ..................................................................... 1-6

Octagon BIOS extensions ...................................................................... 1-6

Interrupt routing: In system and programmable ............................... 1-6

Floppy and hard disk ports ................................................................... 1-6

Boot sequence ......................................................................................... 1-7

Multifunctional printer port .................................................................. 1-7

Watchdog timer added for safety .......................................................... 1-7

Real time calendar/clock with battery-backup .................................... 1-7

I/O connectors ......................................................................................... 1-7

Keypad and LCD display support for low cost operator interface ..... 1-7

Hardware reset ....................................................................................... 1-8

5 Volt operation lowers system cost ...................................................... 1-8

Rugged environmental operation ......................................................... 1-8

Size .......................................................................................................... 1-8

Chapter 2: Quick start ....................................................................................... 2-1

Installing the PC-500 ..................................................................................... 2-1

Reference designators ..................................................................................... 2-6

PC-500 power supply requirements .............................................................. 2-8

Running a demo program ............................................................................... 2-9

Logon message ....................................................................................... 2-9

What’s next .................................................................................................... 2-10 iii

Contents PC-500 user’s manual

Chapter 3: SETUP programs ............................................................................ 3-1

Introduction ..................................................................................................... 3-1

SETUP ............................................................................................................. 3-1

Running SETUP over the console port ................................................ 3-4

SETUP example ..................................................................................... 3-8

SETSSD ........................................................................................................... 3-9

PMISETUP ...................................................................................................... 3-9

SETIRQ.EXE ................................................................................................... 3-9

Chapter 4: Save and run programs ................................................................ 4-1

Save and run your programs on the PC-500 ................................................ 4-1

Saving programs and support files ................................................................ 4-1

Adding your application ........................................................................ 4-2

Autoexecuting your application ............................................................ 4-2

Overriding the autoexecution of your application ............................... 4-2

Overview: Section 2 – Hardware

Chapter 5: Serial ports ....................................................................................... 5-1

Description ....................................................................................................... 5-1

Serial port options ........................................................................................... 5-1

Description of serial ports .............................................................................. 5-2

Conflicting COM port addresses ........................................................... 5-2

COM1 ...................................................................................................... 5-2

COM2 ...................................................................................................... 5-3

COM3 through COM5 interrupt/status port ....................................... 5-3

COM3 ...................................................................................................... 5-5

COM4 ...................................................................................................... 5-5

COM5 ...................................................................................................... 5-6

Null modem cable ........................................................................................... 5-6

Mating receptacle ................................................................................... 5-6

Building your own cable ........................................................................ 5-7

Function and use of serial ports .................................................................... 5-9

COM1 as serial console device .............................................................. 5-9

COM1 through COM4 as RS-232 I/O ................................................... 5-9

COM5 as RS-485 transmitter control .................................................. 5-9

RS-485 network ............................................................................................. 5-10

Chapter 6: LPT1 parallel port .......................................................................... 6-1

LPT1 parallel port .......................................................................................... 6-1

Printer .............................................................................................................. 6-1

Installing a printer ................................................................................ 6-1

Display ............................................................................................................. 6-2

Installing a display ................................................................................ 6-2

Keypad ............................................................................................................. 6-2

Installing a keypad ................................................................................ 6-2

Opto rack ......................................................................................................... 6-3

Chapter 7: Console devices ............................................................................... 7-1

Description ....................................................................................................... 7-1

Selecting console devices ................................................................................ 7-1

Local bus SVGA ..................................................................................... 7-1

Serial console .......................................................................................... 7-1

Keyboard ................................................................................................. 7-3 iv


Speaker ................................................................................................... 7-3

Mouse ...................................................................................................... 7-3

Enabling/disabling the video BIOS ............................................................... 7-3

Re-establishing communications when the console is not working ... 7-5

Chapter 8: SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup ............................................. 8-1

Description ....................................................................................................... 8-1

SSD0 (optional) ............................................................................................... 8-1

Selecting SSD0 device type ................................................................... 8-1

SSD0 replaced with an SRAM device ............................................................ 8-1

SSD0 replaced with a flash device ................................................................. 8-2

Selecting an SSD BIOS ......................................................................... 8-2

SSD0 replaced with an EPROM/OTPROM ......................................... 8-3

SSD1 ................................................................................................................. 8-3

DRAM ............................................................................................................... 8-3

Battery backup for SSD0 SRAM and real time calendar clock ................... 8-4

Installing an AT battery ........................................................................ 8-4

Chapter 9: External drives ................................................................................ 9-1

Description ....................................................................................................... 9-1

Floppy disk controller ..................................................................................... 9-1

Power requirements ............................................................................... 9-1

Installing a floppy disk drive ................................................................ 9-1

Hard disk controller ........................................................................................ 9-2

Booting with ROM-DOS ................................................................................. 9-2

Chapter 10: IRQ routing and opto IRQs ...................................................... 10-1

Interrupt routing ........................................................................................... 10-1

Opto IRQs ...................................................................................................... 10-3

Interrupt routing matrix defaults ............................................................... 10-3

Programming ................................................................................................. 10-3

Master disable ............................................................................................... 10-4

Chapter 11: EZ I/O ............................................................................................. 11-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 11-1

Pulling the I/O lines high or low .................................................................. 11-2

Organization of ports .................................................................................... 11-2

Port addressing .................................................................................... 11-3

Base I/O address .................................................................................. 11-3

Configuring and programming the EZ I/O ports ........................................ 11-4

Programming the EZ I/O ..................................................................... 11-4

Configuring the EZ I/O ........................................................................ 11-4

Writing and reading from EZ I/O ....................................................... 11-5

EZ I/O output program examples ....................................................... 11-5

EZ I/O input program examples ......................................................... 11-6

Enhanced INT 17h function definitions ...................................................... 11-6

Initialize EZ I/O ................................................................................... 11-6

Write EZ I/O ......................................................................................... 11-7

Read EZ I/O .......................................................................................... 11-8

Opto-module rack interface .......................................................................... 11-9

Interfacing to switches and other devices ................................................. 11-11

Chapter 12: LED signaling and “beep” codes ............................................ 12-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 12-1 v


Chapter 13: CRTs and flat panels ................................................................. 13-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 13-1

Video features ................................................................................................ 13-1

Video options ................................................................................................. 13-1

Programming the video BIOS ...................................................................... 13-2

Connecting the monitor/display ................................................................... 13-4

Analog monitor ..................................................................................... 13-4

Flat panel display ................................................................................ 13-5

Flat panels requiring bias voltage ...................................................... 13-5

LCD bias control examples ........................................................ 13-6

LCD bias control examples ........................................................ 13-7

Flat panel considerations ............................................................................. 13-7

Flat panel interface voltage select: W8 ............................................. 13-7

Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 .......................... 13-7

Chapter 14: PC/104 expansion ........................................................................ 14-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 14-1

Chapter 15: SCSI ................................................................................................ 15-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 15-1

Reprogramming the video BIOS .................................................................. 15-1

Chapter 16: Ethernet ........................................................................................ 16-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 16-1

Overview: Section 3 – System management

Chapter 17: Watchdog timer and hardware reset .................................... 17-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 17-1


Enable watchdog .................................................................................. 17-1

Strobe watchdog ................................................................................... 17-2

Disable watchdog ................................................................................. 17-2

Hardware reset .............................................................................................. 17-3

Chapter 18: Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM ........................................... 18-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 18-1


Serial EEPROM ............................................................................................ 18-1

Read a single word from the serial EEPROM ................................... 18-1

Write a single word to the serial EEPROM ....................................... 18-2

Read multiple words from the serial EEPROM ................................ 18-3

Write multiple words to the serial EEPROM .................................... 18-4

Return serial EEPROM size ................................................................ 18-4

CMOS RAM ................................................................................................... 18-5

Read extended CMOS RAM ................................................................ 18-5

Write extended CMOS RAM ............................................................... 18-6

Check CMOS battery ........................................................................... 18-7

Copy contents of serial EEPROM to extended CMOS RAM ............ 18-7

Copy contents of extended CMOS RAM to serial EEPROM ............ 18-8

Chapter 19: Transferring files/remote disks .............................................. 19-1

Transferring files between the PC-500 and your PC ................................. 19-1

Transferring files to the PC-500 .................................................................. 19-2 vi


Transferring files from the PC-500 ............................................................. 19-2

Downloading files to the PC-500 using PC SmartLINK ........................... 19-3

Remote disks .................................................................................................. 19-5

Downloading files to the PC-500 using REMDISK/REMSERV ....... 19-5

PC-500 with one serial cable ...................................................... 19-5

Chapter 20: Managing SSDs ........................................................................... 20-1

PICO FA flash file system ............................................................................ 20-1

Defining SSDs using SETSSD ..................................................................... 20-1

Using PFORMAT to format an SSD ........................................................... 20-2

Formatting SSD1 ................................................................................. 20-2

Using SYS to make an SSD bootable .......................................................... 20-3

Adding operating system startup files (using SYS) .......................... 20-3

Changing boot SSD ....................................................................................... 20-4

Autoexecuting your application .......................................................... 20-4

Using SETSSD and TESTRFA to test an SSD ........................................... 20-4

Making copies of the PC-500 SSD ............................................................... 20-5

Programming copies of the PC-500 SSD ..................................................... 20-5

Programming a new BIOS into SSD1 ......................................................... 20-6

Programming the video BIOS into an SSD ................................................ 20-6

Chapter 21: User-defined jumper .................................................................. 21-1

User-defined jumper ..................................................................................... 21-1

Read jumpers ........................................................................................ 21-1

Chapter 22: CPU power management .......................................................... 22-1

Description ..................................................................................................... 22-1

Power management overview ...................................................................... 22-1

Hardware controlled modes .......................................................................... 22-2

Device power management .......................................................................... 22-2

System power management ......................................................................... 22-3

How to initiate the SUSPEND/RESUME option .............................. 22-4

How to initiate the STANDBY option ................................................ 22-6

Save to disk .................................................................................................... 22-7

How to initiate the save to disk option ............................................... 22-8

Power management configuration ............................................................... 22-9

Enabling power management ............................................................. 22-9

System timers ..................................................................................... 22-10

Doze timer enable and resets ............................................................ 22-10

IDLE timer resets .............................................................................. 22-11

RESUME from STANDBY ................................................................ 22-12

RESUME from SUSPEND ................................................................ 22-13

Remote suspend/resume inputs ........................................................ 22-13

First Suspend/Resume Pulse: .................................................. 22-14

Second Suspend/Resume Pulse: ............................................... 22-14

External PMI interrupt ..................................................................... 22-14

Thermal management ....................................................................... 22-15

Bitblt engine ....................................................................................... 22-15

PMISETUP .................................................................................................. 22-16

Chapter 23: Troubleshooting .......................................................................... 23-1

Technical assistance ...................................................................................... 23-3 vii


Overview: Section 4 – Appendices

Appendix A: Technical data ............................................................................. A-1

Technical specifications ................................................................................. A-1

Jumper settings .............................................................................................. A-6

Connector pinouts .......................................................................................... A-9

Tie wrap holes .............................................................................................. A-18

Appendix B: Software utilities ....................................................................... B-1

Introduction .................................................................................................... B-1

GETBIOS.EXE ............................................................................................... B-2

GETIMG.EXE ................................................................................................. B-2

GETIMGH.EXE ............................................................................................. B-3

HIMEM.SYS ................................................................................................... B-4

I17HNDLR.EXE ............................................................................................. B-5

LCDBIAS.EXE ............................................................................................... B-6

LPT1CON.COM ............................................................................................. B-7

PFORMAT.EXE .............................................................................................. B-7

PGMBIOS.EXE .............................................................................................. B-8

PGMIMG.EXE ................................................................................................ B-9

PGMIMGH.EXE ........................................................................................... B-10

PGMVIDEO.EXE ......................................................................................... B-11

PHDISK.EXE ............................................................................................... B-12

PICOFA.SYS ................................................................................................ B-13

PMISETUP.EXE .......................................................................................... B-14

REMDISK.EXE ............................................................................................ B-15

REMQUIT.COM ........................................................................................... B-17

REMSERV.EXE ............................................................................................ B-17

RESET.COM ................................................................................................. B-19

SCONSOLE.EXE ......................................................................................... B-19

SETIRQ.EXE ................................................................................................ B-20

SETSSD.EXE ............................................................................................... B-20

SETUP.COM ................................................................................................. B-22

TESTRFA.EXE ............................................................................................. B-23

TRANSFER.EXE ......................................................................................... B-24

VDISK.SYS ................................................................................................... B-26

Appendix C: Third party support .................................................................. C-1

Using QNX on the PC-500 ............................................................................ C-1

Programming QNX into SSD1 ............................................................. C-1

Using M-Systems DiskOnChip (DOC) ......................................................... C-1

Booting from the DOC drive ................................................................ C-2

Appendix D: Accessories .................................................................................. D-1

Warranty viii


List of figures

Figure 2-1 PC-500 component diagram ................................................... 2-2

Figure 2-2 PC-500 center-to-center hole dimensions .............................. 2-3

Figure 2-3 Power connector: P8, P9 ........................................................ 2-4

Figure 5-1 Null modem adapter and VTC-20F cable ............................. 5-7

Figure 5-2 Custom null modem cable for the PC-500 ............................ 5-8

Figure 5-3 PC-500 serial devices .............................................................. 5-9

Figure 5-4 RS-485 two-wire (half duplex) transmission ...................... 5-11

Figure 6-1 LPT1 as a printer port ............................................................ 6-1

Figure 6-2 LPT1 as a display or keypad port .......................................... 6-3

Figure 6-3 LPT1 and an opto rack ........................................................... 6-3

Figure 7-1 The PC-500 and a serial console ............................................ 7-2

Figure 7-2 VTC-20F cable and null modem adapter .............................. 7-2

Figure 7-3 Changing ROM Enable flowchart .......................................... 7-4

Figure 10-1 Interrupt routing matrix ...................................................... 10-2

Figure 11-1 Typical EZ I/O configurations .............................................. 11-1

Figure 11-2 Organization of ports ............................................................ 11-3

Figure 11-3 MPB-16PC opto rack hookup ............................................... 11-9

Figure 11-4 PC-500 interfacing with an STB-26 terminal board ........ 11-11

Figure 13-1 The PC-500, a VGA monitor, and an AT/PS-2 compatible keyboard ................................................................................ 13-3

Figure 13-2 The PC-500 and a VGA monitor .......................................... 13-4

Figure 13-3 The PC-500 and a flat panel display ................................... 13-5

Figure 14-1 Typical PC/104 module stack ............................................... 14-1

Figure 19-1 Downloading files using TRANSFER.EXE ......................... 19-4

Figure B-1 Cabling diagram for a standard cable ................................ B-16 ix

x


List of tables

Table 2-1

Table 2-2

Table 2-3

Table 2-4

Table 2-5

Table 2-6

Table 2-7

Table 2-8

Table 3-1

Table 5-1

Table 5-2

Table 5-3

Table 5-4

Table 5-5

Table 5-6

Table 5-7

Power connector: P8, P9 ........................................................ 2-5

PC-500 connectors ................................................................... 2-6

TTL and RS-485 interface: W1 ............................................. 2-6

RS-485 termination select jumper: W1 ................................ 2-6

BIOS and boot option jumper: W2 ........................................ 2-7

EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down, user option jumper: W3 ............. 2-7

Auxiliary option jumper: W4 ................................................. 2-7

SSD0 device configuration: W5, W2[7-8] .............................. 2-8

PC-500 SETUP parameters ................................................... 3-2

COM port options .................................................................... 5-1

Conflicting COM port addresses ............................................ 5-2

COM1 available addresses (IRQ 4 dedicated) ...................... 5-3

COM2 available addresses (IRQ3 dedicated) ....................... 5-3

Register 0A9h .......................................................................... 5-4

Reading the interrupt status port: Register 0A9h .............. 5-4

Interrupt status port (138h, 158h, 338h*, and 358h) .......... 5-5

Table 5-8

Table 5-9

COM3 available address and IRQ routing ............................ 5-5

COM4 available address and IRQ routing ............................ 5-5

Table 5-10 Available addresses for COM5 (IRQ 5 default, routable) .... 5-6

Table 5-11 COM5: J17, RS-485 or TTL interface .................................... 5-6

Table 5-12 Custom RS-232 null modem cable for the PC-500:

First COM port ........................................................................ 5-7

Table 5-13 Custom RS-232 null modem cable for the PC-500:

Second COM port .................................................................... 5-8

Table 5-14 RS-485 transmitter control: COM5 at location 320h ........ 5-10

Table 5-15 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1 .............................. 5-10

Table 5-16 RS-485 and TTL interfaces .................................................. 5-10

Table 7-1 Video BIOS disabling and enabling options in SETUP

Table 8-1

Table 8-2

Table 8-3

Table 8-4

(C0000h-C7FFFh, C8000h-CFFFFh ROM Enable) ............. 7-4

SSD0 device selection jumpers: W5, W2[7-8] ........................ 8-1

Selecting an SSD BIOS: W2[5-6] .......................................... 8-2

SSD0 device configuration: W5, W2[7-8] .............................. 8-4

Battery connector: J8 ............................................................. 8-4

Table 10-1 Interrupt status port (ISP) map setting at I/O location 0A9h .............................................................. 10-4

Table 11-1 EZ I/O connector: J11 .......................................................... 11-2

Table 11-2 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down jumpers: W3 .............................. 11-2

Table 11-3 EZ I/O port address ............................................................... 11-3

Table 11-4 Reading the EZ I/O port ....................................................... 11-4

Table 11-5 EZ I/O port byte .................................................................... 11-5

Table 11-6 EZ I/O opto-rack interface .................................................. 11-10

Table 12-1 Ethernet LEDs ...................................................................... 12-1

Table 12-2 Additional error codes for Phoenix BIOS ............................ 12-4

Table 13-1 Video controller and associated CRT, flat panel, and PC-video circuitry .......................................................... 13-2

Table 13-2 Flat panel interface voltage select: W8 .............................. 13-7

Table 13-3 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 ........... 13-8

Table 16-1 Ethernet LEDs ...................................................................... 16-1

Table 22-1 Remote suspend/resume: J10 ............................................ 22-14

Table 22-2 Enhanced mode, CPU clock speed: W2[3-4] ..................... 22-16

Table A-1 PC-500 memory map ............................................................. A-3


Table A-2

Table A-3

PC-500 I/O map ...................................................................... A-4

I/O map (Latched registered outputs via OctaGlue:

Address at X0A8h) ................................................................. A-5

I/O map (Configuration inputs via OctaGlue: Table A-4

Table A-5

Table A-6

Table A-7

Table A-8

Table A-9

Address at X0A9h) ................................................................. A-5

COM1 available addresses .................................................... A-5

COM2 available addresses .................................................... A-6

Available LPT1 port addresses ............................................. A-6

TTL and RS-485 interface: W1 ............................................ A-6

RS-485 termination select jumper: W1 ............................... A-6

Table A-10 BIOS and boot option jumper: W2 ....................................... A-7

Table A-11 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down, user option jumper: W3 ............ A-7

Table A-12 Auxiliary option jumper: W4 ................................................ A-7

Table A-13 SSD0 device configuration: W5 ............................................ A-8

Table A-14 Flat panel voltage select: W8 ............................................... A-8

Table A-15 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9 ............ A-8

Table A-16 PC/104 signal assignments: J1 ............................................ A-9

Table A-17 Keyboard connector: J2 ...................................................... A-10

Table A-18 Mouse connector: J3 ............................................................ A-10

Table A-19 Speaker connector: J4 ......................................................... A-10

Table A-20 Flat panel connector: J5 ..................................................... A-11

Table A-21 VGA connector: J6 ............................................................... A-11

Table A-22 PC video connector: J7 ........................................................ A-12

Table A-23 Battery connector: J8 .......................................................... A-12

Table A-24 Ethernet connector: J9 ........................................................ A-13

Table A-25 OPTOA and OPTOB: J10 ................................................... A-13

Table A-26 EZ I/O connector: J11 ......................................................... A-13

Table A-27 SCSI connector: J12 ............................................................ A-14

Table A-28 AT and industrial serial for COM1 and COM2: J13 ........ A-15

Table A-29 AT and industrial serial for COM3 and COM4: J14 ........ A-15

Table A-30 Floppy drive connector: J15 ............................................... A-16

Table A-31 LPT1 as printer connector: J16 ......................................... A-16

Table A-32 RS-485 and TTL interfaces for COM5: J17 ...................... A-17

Table A-33 IDE hard rive connector: J18 ............................................. A-17

Table A-34 Power connector: P8, P9 ..................................................... A-18

Table D-1 PC-500 mating connectors .................................................... D-1

Table D-2 Cables and terminal board .................................................... D-2

Table D-3 Memory devices ...................................................................... D-2

Table D-4 LCD displays and keypads .................................................... D-3

Table D-5 Opto rack and modules .......................................................... D-3

Table D-6 Miscellaneous part numbers ................................................. D-3 xi

Contents PC-500 user’s manual xii

PC-500 user’s manual Abbreviations and terms used in this manual

Abbreviations and terms used in this manual

Throughout this manual, the following symbols and terms are used:

Autoexecution Automatic execution of a program on powerup or reset.

BIOS

BIOS drive bpp

Console port

Basic Input Output System. Detailed instructions that activate peripheral devices. See ROM-DOS.

The solid-state disk which contains the system BIOS and ROM-DOS.

bits per pixel

DRAM

Video card or COM1 where BIOS and DOS messages appear and keyboard input is available.

Dynamic Random Access Memory devices. DRAMs provide volatile memory with unlimited read and write cycles.

Expansion card The expansion cards add I/O functions to the Micro

PC system, such as analog input/output, digital input/output, motion control, and display.

EZ I/O This digital I/O chip supplies 24 I/O lines which can be individually programmed as 5V input or 5V output.

Flash h

Electrically erasable PROM which allows at least

100,000 write cycles.

The suffix “h” denotes a hexadecimal number. A decimal number has no prefix or suffix. For example, 1000h and 4096 are equivalent.

KB

MB

Kilobyte (1,024 8-bit bytes).

Megabyte (1,048,576 8-bit bytes).

Memory device

PC/104 expansion

The type of static RAM, DRAM, flash memory, or

EPROM specified for either volatile or nonvolatile memory.

An expansion bus used for holding 8- and 16-bit expansion cards.

PC SmartLINK A serial communications software package designed by Octagon for use with the PC-500 single board computer. Refers to all versions of PC SmartLINK.

xiii

Abbreviations and terms used in this manual PC-500 user’s manual

PC Video

PICO FA

A feature on the PC-500 which imports an external video source into the virtual graphics array (VGA) system. This feature allows for advanced video connections including video overlays.

Phoenix’s flash file system used to access SSDs from

DOS as a read/write DOS drive.

ROM Read Only Memory devices. ROMs provide nonvolatile memory, have a limited number of write cycles, and include EPROMs and EEPROMs.

Operating system included in Micro PC ROM.

ROM-DOS

Single board computer

A printed circuit board that contains a complete computer: CPU, memory, I/O, and clock. The single board computer controls the operation of all the expansion cards.

Solid-state disk A simulated disk which uses a high speed solid-state

(SSD) memory device. For example, flash memory,

EEPROM, or static RAM.

Static RAM Static Random Access Memory device. Static RAMs provide volatile memory with unlimited read and write cycles. They may be used with a backup battery.

TTL compatible Transistor transistor logic compatible; 0-5V logic levels.

Virtual drive A disk created in DOS or extended memory which emulates an actual disk. The virtual drive provides temporary storage for files. When power to the computer is turned off the virtual drive disappears.

W[ - ]

XMODEM

Denotes a jumper block and the pins to connect.

A communications protocol which allows transfer of files between two computers.

XON/XOFF

+5V Safe

A communications protocol for asynchronous connections. The receiver can pace the sender by sending the XOFF and XON characters to stop and continue the data flow.

+5V at the I/O connectors that is protected by a

0.75A fuse.

xiv

PC-500 user’s manual Conventions used in this manual

Conventions used in this manual

This section explains the format used for notes, warnings, and command entry.

≡

Notes and warnings

Special notes and warnings appear in this manual. Each one has a different meaning and format. They are as follows:

Note A note is supplementary or background information. At other times, it is a hint or reminder that makes a task easier or quicker.

WARNING!

A warning gives vital information. Failure to heed a warning may cause system failure, equipment damage, or bodily harm to the system operator.

≡

Command format and procedures

For some commands, you will only enter a single keyword (for example,

reset). For most commands, however, you will enter several keywords followed by one or more parameters for which you must supply values.

Commands must be entered in a specific format. To indicate the format, this manual uses a series of conventions that are explained below. The conventions cover the rules for issuing all commands, including the most complex ones. Most commands, however, are much simpler.

The command format looks like this:

command [type_this | or_ this] input {optional_input}

Follow these rules and conventions: n Information which appears on your screen is shown in a different type face, for example:

PhoenixBIOS(TM) A486 Version 1.03

Copyright (C) 1985-1994 Phoenix Technologies, Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

Octagon Systems Corp. PC500 CPU n Commands that you must key in are shown in Courier Bold , for example:

C:> RESET xv

Conventions used in this manual PC-500 user’s manual n Italicized refers to information that is specific to your particular system or program, e.g.,

Enter filename means enter the name of your file.

n Paired angle brackets are used to indicate a specific key on your keyboard, e.g., <ESC> means the escape key; <CTRL> means the control key; <F1> means the F1 function key.

n All addresses are given in hexadecimal, for example, 328h.

xvi

PC-500 user’s manual About this manual

About this manual

The PC-500 user’s manual provides information about installing and configuring the PC-500. This manual is divided into four sections: n Section 1 – Installation

Chapter 1:

Chapter 2:

Chapter 3:

Chapter 4:

Overview

Quick start

SETUP programs

Save and run programs n Section 2 – Hardware

Chapter 5:

Chapter 6:

Chapter 7:

Chapter 8:

Serial ports

LPT1 parallel port

Console devices

SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup

Chapter 9: External drives

Chapter 10: IRQ routing and opto IRQs

Chapter 11: EZ I/O

Chapter 12: LED signaling and “beep” codes

Chapter 13: CRTs and flat panels

Chapter 14: PC/104 expansion

Chapter 15: SCSI

Chapter 16: Ethernet n Section 3 – System management

Chapter 17: Watchdog timer and hardware reset

Chapter 18: Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM

Chapter 19: Transferring files/remote disks

Chapter 20: Managing SSDs

Chapter 21: User-defined jumper

Chapter 22: CPU power management

Chapter 23: Troubleshooting n Section 4 – Appendices

Appendix A: Technical data

Appendix B: Software utilities

Appendix C: Third party support

Appendix D: Accessories

About this manual PC-500 user’s manual

PC-500 user’s manual Overview of Section 1

Overview:

Section 1 – Installation

Section 1 provides installation and programming instructions, startup options, and system configuration program examples. The following chapters are included:

Chapter 1:

Chapter 2:

Chapter 3:

Chapter 4:

Overview

Quick start

SETUP programs

Save and run programs

Overview of Section 1 PC-500 user’s manual

PC-500 user’s manual

Chapter 1:

Overview

Overview

≡

Description

The PC-500 Mobile Industrial Computer™ (MIC) is a high performance, single board PC in Octagon’s semi-custom product line. The PC-500 integrates serial communication, industrial digital I/O, a floppy and local bus hard disk port, a multifunctional parallel port, and a local bus video which supports monitors and flat panels. This single board computer has an interrupt routing matrix, two solid-state disks, a PC/104 interface, a SCSI-2 interface host port, and a 10Base-T Ethernet port.

The PC-500 also supports various CPU types including 586/133 MHz and can have up to 16 MB of on-board DRAM with an expansion of

48 MB by adding a 32 MB DIMM module. This board is supplied with

DOS 6.22 in ROM but will also execute other operating systems such as

Windows™, Windows NT™, and QNX ® . Since the PC-500 uses the same functional blocks as the Micro PC™, the circuitry has been fully proven as reliable and the software is compatible with the software in the Micro PC series.

Specified to your engineering needs, the PC-500 can be ordered as a semi-custom board in OEM quantities. The stocked version of the

PC-500 is listed below with the standard and optional features. The standard version can be used for system development and an optional version of the PC-500 is usually application specific.

≡

PC-500 major hardware features

CPU

The high performance 586 CPU comes in two versions. One version is a

120MHz586 and the other is a 133MHz586. Both versions operate at

3.3V for low power consumption. The PC-500 has a local bus speed of

33 MHz and an ISA bus speed of 8.33 MHz.

Up to 48 MB DRAM

The standard unit is supplied with 1 MB of fast, EDO surface mount

DRAM. The use of EDO DRAM increases performance by 20% which, in most cases, eliminates the need for an expensive L2 cache. The PC-500 can contain up to 16 MB of on-board DRAM. Up to 32 MB of additional

DRAM can be added through an optional DIMM module, which makes a total of 48 MB DRAM. Two holes are on-board the PC-500 to secure the

DIMM module in high vibration environments. All surface mount

1-1

Overview PC-500 user’s manual

DRAM and DIMM modules from Octagon meet the full PC-500 temperature range. Customers who need a 0° to 70°C range can install commercially available DIMM modules onto the PC-500.

n 1 MB EDO surface mount n 16 MB EDO surface mount n SO-DIMM socket installed n SO-DIMM socket not installed standard optional standard optional

Solid-state disks

SSD0

A 32-pin DIP socket accepts either a 5V flash, SRAM, or 512 KB/1 MB

EPROM. The socket exhibits high retention force and affords a gas tight contact. SSD0 optionally contains the BIOS drive and ROM-DOS

6.22 in ROM. By default, the optional SSD0 contains a 192 KB backup

BIOS with a 320 KB or a 512 KB drive area. Flash file system software is included which allows the SSDs to emulate hard disk operation.

SSD0 options include: n SSD0 socket installed standard n SSD0 socket not installed n SSD0 socket/EPROM installed optional optional

For information on changing the device type, refer to the W5 SSD0 table in the Quick start chapter. You can also install compatible

PROMs into SSD0 through the supplied utility programs found on the

PC-500 utility disk. You can format the flash while in the socket.

EPROM usage, however, requires off-card programming from either a master flash or a master EPROM.

SSD0 also supports a battery back up voltage. The PC-500 is capable of supplying a battery voltage to SSD0 with SRAM installed.

SSD1

SSD1 is used for storage of the applications program. A standard 2 MB

5V flash is soldered on-card. The flash programmer is built-in which allows on-card programming of the device. The PC-500 includes flash file system software, which permits the SSDs to emulate hard disk operation. Automatic “wear leveling” ensures that no single section of a chip will reach its life span (100,000 times), while other sections will scarcely be used. A 1 MB device reserves 192 KB for BIOS and 832 KB for a drive area, a 2 MB device reserves 192 KB for BIOS and 1856 KB for a drive area.

n 2 MB EPROM n 1 MB EPROM n SSD1 not installed standard optional optional

1-2

PC-500 user’s manual Overview

Serial ports protected against ESD

The PC-500 can have either two or five serial ports. All five serial ports are standard, while COM3 through COM5 can be optionally omitted from the PC-500. COM1 through COM4 are RS-232 and have the full

8-wire PC signal or they can optionally have 4-wire industrial RS-232 serial port lines. The 4-wire industrial RS-232 lines support RxD, TxD,

RTS, CTS and the DTR pin with a 1K pull-up to 5V. The interface to

COM5 is 2-wire industrial RS-485 also configurable to 2-wire TTL.

COM1 through COM5 have the following specifications: n IEC1000, level 3, ESD protection specification

— Contact discharge ±6 kV

— Air-gap discharge ±8 kV n Backdrive protection n 16C550 compatible n Up to 115.2K baud n 16 byte FIFO buffers n RS-232 voltages generated on-card n COM1 through COM5 n Omission of COM3 through COM5 standard optional

Local bus SVGA, flat panel interface, and GUI accelerator

The video system on the PC-500 uses the advanced 65550 video chip from Chips & Technologies. It supports CRT, LCD and EL displays with resolutions to 1024 x 768 bpp. Displays from CGA through SVGA are supported. The 65550 is also a graphics accelerator with real time

PC-video being supported. Since the video circuitry operates on the local bus at the full processor speed, programs like Windows execute very rapidly. The video section has 2 MB of video RAM for high resolution displays and simultaneous CRT and flat panel operation.

The PC-500 supports both 3.3V and 5V flat panel displays. It has a 12V connector for powering the backlighting on the displays and a 3.3V at

100mA connector to power the newer generation displays that use 3.3V

logic.

n Local bus flat panel video present n No local bus flat panel video present standard optional

Adjustable display bias supply

An on-board voltage converter eliminates the need for a separate bias supply for the LCD contrast control. The on-board power converter is factory configurable and can be made to be compatible with most LCD displays. The standard default range for the power converter is from

+23V to +29V.

n + Bias voltage 23V to 29V n – Bias voltage/other range n No bias supply standard optional optional

1-3


Industrial I/O using EZ I/O

The PC-500 is supplied with 24 lines of industrial I/O, using the Octagon EZ I/O digital I/O chip. Each EZ I/O line is programmable as an input or output. The lines are 5V compatible and can sink and source

15mA. The EZ I/O port can drive the Octagon MPB series opto-isolation module (Opto 22, G4 style) racks directly, controlling AC and DC loads to 240V at 3A.

Speaker, keyboard, and mouse ports

The speaker connector is PC compatible and is a standard feature. The keyboard controller accepts an AT style keyboard and has a PS-2 type connector. The keyboard port is standard. The mouse port is optional and conforms to the PS-2 standard. Neither the keyboard nor the mouse are required for operation.

n Mouse port included n Mouse port not included standard optional

PC/104 16-bit interface

This interface is a standard feature on the PC-500 and accepts an 8- or a 16-bit PC/104 expansion board. PC/104 expansion boards are available from several manufacturers. As many as three PC/104 expansion boards may be stacked on the PC-500.

Ethernet

The PC-500 provides a 10Base-T Ethernet port, located at J9. This interface is a standard feature on the PC-500 and supports the IEEE

802.3 Ethernet standard. The Ethernet controller IC chip provides the following: n 16-bit ISA interface n 4 KB on chip buffer n Integrated 10 Base-T transceiver interface n Four LEDs for status and diagnostic purposes

The PC-500 Ethernet interface supports the 10Base-T physical interface. This port operates at 10 MHz and uses twisted-pair wiring cable, which is built in a star configuration. The 10Base-T physical interface terminates at the standard, 8-position RJ-45, latching phone jack and is vertically accessed.

SCSI

The PC-500 has a SCSI-2 host interface, located at J12. This device is a

16-bit ISA bus compatible part and has a sustained data rate of 10 MB per second in the fast SCSI-2 synchronous transfer mode. It also has parity generation and checking, noise filters, a low power mode, and ISA bus RAM buffers.

1-4

PC-500 user’s manual n SCSI-2 host interface, included n SCSI-2 host interface, not included standard optional

Overview

≡

PC-500 major software features

Advanced power management and system management input

Power management can be used to reduce power consumption or to freeze the state of the program on the occurrence of a power management interrupt. Power consumption can be reduced by more than 60%.

This reduces the heat load and extends the battery life in mobile applications. There are opto-isolated system management and suspend/ resume inputs with 4-6V ranges. A system management input (SMI) will cause the PC-500 to save its current status. When the system is signaled to restart, execution resumes at the point the system last stopped. The following are functions in the advanced power management and SMI: n Suspend/resume by SMI input and software — halts CPU n Wake up through various interrupts including keyboard, SMI and serial port n Slow CPU by dividing clock n Contextual save to disk.

Diagnostic software verifies system integrity automatically

The PC-500 has built-in diagnostic software that can be used to verify on-card I/O and memory functions. On powerup, a series of tests is performed. If a problem occurs, the failed test can be identified by the color sequence on an on-board, bicolored LED. The test is performed automatically every time the system is reset or powered up. Software, test equipment, monitor, keyboard, disks, or test fixtures are not required for memory verification. See the LED signaling “beep” codes chapter for a complete listing of tests and failures and their descriptions.

SETUP information stored in EEPROM for high reliability

Loss of SETUP data is serious in industrial applications. Most PCs store SETUP information in battery-backed CMOS RAM. If the battery fails or is replaced during routine maintenance, this information is lost.

Without a keyboard and monitor in embedded applications, time consuming re-initialization is required. The PC-500 stores the SETUP information in EEPROM with 1,536 bytes available to the user. Software routines to use this available memory come with the PC-500.

1-5


Phoenix BIOS

The PC-500 has a Phoenix AT BIOS with power management and

Octagon BIOS extensions. The AT BIOS supports up to four EIDE drives.

“Instant DOS” operating system

Datalight ROM-DOS v6.22 operating system is in flash. This means that this version is always present on powerup. The system boots and operates the same way as a desktop PC. Since all software and hardware are included, the system is fully operational “out of the box.”

Programmable video BIOS

The flash contains a video BIOS, which controls the on-board SVGA controller. To support other flat panels, you can reprogram a new video

BIOS. By default, the video BIOS supports a CRT and Sharp monochrome dual drive flat panel in simultaneous mode.

On-board flash file system

The Phoenix PICO FA flash file system controls the on-board SSDs, which allows read/write DOS access to the flash/SRAM. SSD0 can also use EPROM. For certain types of flash, the flash file system uses “wear leveling” to spread the usage and maximize the lifetime of these devices.

Octagon BIOS extensions

On-board BIOS extensions allow easy access to digital I/O, serial

EEPROM, LCD bias control, watchdog timer functions, etc.

Interrupt routing: In system and programmable

Software is on-board the PC-500 to change the interrupt routing and some other features. The software allows more flexible use of interrupts on the PC-500 and outboard systems such as PC/104 expansion boards.

Floppy and hard disk ports

The floppy disk port supports two drives with either 720 KB or 1.44 MB capacities. The floppy port is terminated with a 34-pin IDC connector.

The EIDE hard drive port is terminated with a 44-pin, 2 mm connector.

+5V is supplied to the hard drive through the EIDE connector and is optionally supplied to the floppy drive through the IDC connector.

1-6

PC-500 user’s manual Overview

Boot sequence

A PC-500 can be configured to boot from the on-card, solid-state disk, an external floppy or hard disk.

Multifunctional printer port

The PC-500 incorporates the latest enhanced parallel port.

n Unidirectional n Bidirectional n IEEE 1284, ECP and EPP modes n 24 mA of drive current n Backdrive protection

The following represent applications in the multifunctional parallel port: n LPT1 for PC compatible printers n 17 general purpose digital I/O lines n Up to a 4 x 4 matrix keypad n 4-line alphanumeric display n MPB-16PC, 16-position opto-module rack.

Watchdog timer added for safety

The watchdog timer resets the system if the program stops unexpectedly. The watchdog is enabled, disabled and strobed under software control. The time-out is 1.6 seconds (typical).

Real time calendar/clock with battery-backup

The real time clock is fully AT compatible and uses the standard DOS calls. An optional off-card battery powers the real time clock when the

5 volt supply is removed. A connector is provided for the external battery. The real time clock also provides the user with 128 bytes of userdefined CMOS-RAM.

I/O connectors

With the exception of the mouse, keyboard, and IDE, all I/O connectors can be latched to prevent connector movement during shock or high vibration.

Keypad and LCD display support for low cost operator interface

For embedded applications, the parallel printer port or the EZ I/O port can interface with a 16-key matrix keypad and a 2- or 4-line LCD display. The PC-500 is supplied with software that provides keypad scanning and display operation. Supplied display and keypad drivers in C support these devices.

1-7


Hardware reset

A hardware reset can be done by any of the following methods: n Issuing the RESET software command (using the watchdog function) n Depressing the reset switch n Cycling power n Configuring the opto channel for RESET.

A hardware reset ensures complete reset of the system and all attached peripherals. An expired watchdog timer cycle also causes a hardware reset to occur.

5 Volt operation lowers system cost

The PC-500 operates from a single 5V ±5% supply. Located across the power supply, the 6.2V, 5W zener diode protects against reverse voltage and limits over voltage. The power supply generates the RS-232 voltages on-board. The locking power connector is a standard PC power header connector.

n 5V ±5%, 1.0A to 2.0A (dependent upon processor, speed and I/O devices), less than 500 mA in standby n +12V, -12V and -5V supplied to PC/104 connector and display connector, not required for PC-500 operation n A standard PC power supply may be used. See the Power supply

requirements section in the Quick start chapter for more information on power supply selection and criteria.

Rugged environmental operation

n Operating temperature n Nonoperating temperature n Relative humidity n Altitude n Shock n Vibration

-40° to 70°C, operating with adequate airflow

-55° to 90°C, nonoperating

5% to 95% noncondensing

-100 to 10,000 m

10g, 3 axis

3g, 3 axis

Note Forced air cooling is required above 45°C if power management is not used.

Size

5.75" x 8.0" x 0.9375"

1-8

PC-500 user’s manual Quick start

Chapter 2:

Quick start

This chapter covers the basics of setting up a PC-500 system and tells you: n How to install and power on the PC-500 and run a demo program n How to use a serial console instead of the on-board SVGA video.

Follow the mounting procedures for the PC-500. To establish a serial console link, go to the Serial console section in the Console devices chapter.

≡

Installing the PC-500

To install the PC-500 you will need the following equipment

(or equivalent): n PC-500 Mobile Industrial Computer n +5V power module n AT compatible keyboard with PS/2 connector n VGA monitor n VGA-12 cable

1. Refer to the PC-500 component diagram (Figure 2-1) for the location of various connectors, before installing your PC-500 system.

WARNING!

The PC-500 Mobile Industrial Computer contains static sensitive CMOS components. Do the following to avoid damaging your card and its components: n Ground yourself before handling the PC-500 card n Disconnect power before removing or inserting a PC/104 expansion board n When programming a memory device, place the device in the socket before applying power.

Hardware components required to mount the PC-500 (not included): n 8 threaded hex stainless steel standoffs (4-40 x 3/8") n 8 screws (4-40 x 1/4") n 8 internal star lock washers (4-40)

2. Use the #4 standoffs, washers, and screws and place them in the eight holes on the PC-500 board. Refer to Figure 2-2 for the center-to-center mounting hole dimensions and for the location of the designated holes used for mounting the hardware.

2-1

Quick start

Figure 2-1 PC-500 component diagram


2-2


Figure 2-2 PC-500 center-to-center hole dimensions

Quick start

2-3

Quick start PC-500 user’s manual

WARNING!

Before the PC-500 is powered on for bench testing, all eight standoffs, screws and washers should be secured to the board. The standoff pieces will ensure full support of the

PC-500 not only on all four sides, but also in the middle of the board. These hardware pieces will reduce the circuit board flex when the PC/104 expansion board and/or the SSD0 are inserted. Flexing of the PC-500 board should be avoided, since it can cause problems with the copper circuit traces

Figure 2-4 PC-500, keyboard, and monitor and the surface mounted components.

3. The power supply connector is located at P8, P9. Make certain to connect the ground wires (typically black) to all ground connectors at P8,

P9 on the PC-500. Refer to Figure 2-3.

WARNING!

Accidently crossing the wires, i.e., plugging +5V wires into the ground connector or the ground wires into the +5V connector will damage the PC-500.

Figure 2-3 Power connector: P8, P9

2-4

Note By removing the keys on the PC-500, it is possible to key your power connector header to your power supply connector. To insert the power connector without removing the keys, angle the connector at 90° and then place it on P8, P9.


Table 2-1 Power connector: P8, P9

Pin Description (P8)

1

2

3

4

5

6

N.C.

+5V

+12V

–12V

Gnd

Gnd


1

2

3

4

5

6

Gnd

Gnd

–5V

+5V

+5V

+5V

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the power connector.

4. Connect the PS-2 style keyboard directly to the keyboard port at J2 and a VGA monitor to J6 using a VGA-12 cable. Refer to Figure 2-4.

2-5


≡

Reference designators

The following tables illustrate jumper connections and pins jumpered on the PC-500:

Table 2-2 PC-500 connectors

J5

J6

J7

Reference designator

J1

J2

J3

J4

J8

J9

J10

Description

PC/104

Keyboard

Mouse

Speaker

Flat panel J15

SVGA CRT analog J16

PC video J17

Reference designator

J11

J12

J13

J14

Battery

Ethernet

OPTOA/OPTOB

J18

P8, P9

Description

EZ I/O

SCSI

COM1/COM2

COM3/COM4

Floppy disk port

LPT1 printer

COM5/RS-485 &

TTL interface

IDE hard drive

Power

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the above connectors.

Table 2-3 TTL and RS-485 interface: W1

Pins

[2-4][5-6]

[1-2][3-5][4-6]*

* = default

Description

TTL interface

RS-485 interface

Table 2-4 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1

Pins

[7-8]*

[9-10]*

[7-9]

Description

RS-485 terminated(-), idle line at mark

RS-485 terminated(+), idle line at mark

RS-485 terminated(-), idle line at space

[8-10] RS-485 terminated(+), idle line at space

* = default

Note: For no termination, remove jumpers from pins 7, 8, 9, and 10.

2-6


Table 2-5 BIOS and boot option jumper: W2

Pins Label Description

[1–2]* V0

[3–4]

[5–6]*

E

B

C0000–C7FFF BIOS region toggle** (video BIOS region 1)

Enhanced mode, CPU clock speed: on = 133 MHz; off = 120 MHz

BIOS device: on = SSD1; off = SSD0

[7–8]* T SSD0 type: on = flash/SRAM; off = EPROM

[9–10]* S Use SETUP information: on = EEPROM; off = BIOS default

* = default

** = Toggles in BIOS extension areas work in combination with toggles in the

SETUP BIOS extension areas. See the Console devices chapter for more information on BIOS regions.

Table 2-6 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down, user option jumper: W3

Pins

[1–2]*

Label Description

Pull up to +5V

[2–4]

[9–10]* UA

* = default

Pull down to Gnd

User option jumper A

Table 2-7 Auxiliary option jumper: W4


[1–2]* V1

[3–4]* X

C8000–CFFFF BIOS region toggle** (video BIOS region 2)

D8000–DFFFF BIOS region toggle*** (PICO FA)

[5–6]* UB

[7–8]* VE

User option jumper B

VGA controller: on = enabled; off = disabled

[9–10] I IRQ matrix: on = disabled; off = enabled

* = factory default



*** = Enables or disables PICO Flash Array extended BIOS.

Quick start

2-7


Table 2-8 SSD0 device configuration: W5, W2[7-8]

Pins

W5[1–3, 2–4, 5–7, 8–10] W2[7–8]

W5[1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 9–10] W2[7–8]

W5[1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 9–10]

* = default, pins jumpered

** = W2[7–8] is not jumpered

Description

SRAM with battery backup*

Flash

EPROM**

≡

PC-500 power supply requirements

The PC-500 is designed to operate from a single +5 VDC supply. An AT compatible power supply connector header (P8, P9) is on board and ensures the required number of power and ground paths from the power supply. Make sure that you utilize all three +5 VDC conductors and all four ground conductors.

The power connector at P8, P9 also provides +/-12 VDC and -5 VDC required for any PC/104 expansion board. P8, P9 also supplies the correct voltage, +12 VDC, for flat panels that require back light operation. Refer to the P8, P9 power connector Table 2-1 for a complete listing of pinouts and their description.

The maximum current requirements for the PC-500 is 2.0 A provided through P8, P9. It is important that a quality power supply be used with the PC-500. For example, when a particular application calls for a custom power supply, there are several internal issues to consider such as current capacity, line and load regulation, maximum ripple, hold up time, efficiency, and current limiting. The user should also consider the power devices and equipment such as the power cable conductor gauge, number and length of conductors, mating connectors, and the power supply to external devices such as hard drives, floppy drives, displays, mouse, and keyboard.

The proper selection of a quality power supply ensures reliability and proper functioning of the PC-500.

WARNING!

Make sure the power supply is OFF when connecting the power cable to the PC-500 board. Damage to the PC-500 may occur if the power is ON when connecting the power cable.

2-8


≡

Running a demo program

Logon message

1. Power on the PC-500.

2. A logon message similar to the one below appears on your PC monitor:

PhoenixBIOS(TM) A486 Version x.xx

Copyright (C) 1985-1994

Phoenix Technologies, Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

Octagon Systems Corp. PC500 CPU

PC500 BIOS vx.xx - mm/dd/yy

Am586-WB processor detected operating at 133 Mhz

640K Base Memory, 5x86 133 MHz

On board memory configured as EDO DRAM

INT 17h BIOS extension vx.xx

Copyright (c) 1995-96 Octagon Systems Corporation

PICO Flash Array

Copyright (c) 1996, Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

Resident Flash (RFA) OEM Layer

Phoenix Pico Flash Array

Octagon Systems vx.xx

First drive is in SSD1 (1856K, AMD 2 MB flash)

Starting ROM-DOS...

HIMEM v6.22 (Revision x.xx)

Copyright (c) 1989-1995 Phoenix, Inc.

VDISK v6.22 (Revision x.xx)

Copyright (c) 1989-1995 Datalight, Inc.

Extended Memory Present

VDISK v6.22 (Revision x.xx)


Formatting 2304K XMS memory as drive E:

PC500 C:\> demo

To begin the demo.exe program, press any key.

Then a demonstration program will begin. If you do not get the proper logon message, please do the following: n Make sure all jumpers are set to factory defaults. Refer to the

Technical data appendix for all default jumper settings.

2-9

Quick start PC-500 user’s manual n If the system still does not respond, remove W2[9-10] to run BIOS default SETUP and try again. Also, refer to the Troubleshooting chapter.

3. Use the directory command to make sure your equipment and software are working properly. Enter:

PC500 C:\> DIR

A directory listing of files stored in the SSD1 socket should appear:

Volume in drive C is SSD1

Volume Serial Number is 3214-1BE4

Directory of C:\

COMMAND

AUTOEXEC BAT

CONFIG SYS

DOS

COM 26,321 04-12-96 6:22p

<DIR>

38

67

04-12-96

04-12-96

04-12-96

8:26p

8:26p

8:26p

UTILS <DIR> 04-12-96 8:26p

DEMO.EXE

EXE 27,922 04-12-96 8:26p

DEMO BAS 5,045 04-12-96 8:26p

7 file(s) 26,426 bytes

105,472 bytes free

≡

What’s next

1. To run SETUP and configure the system, see the SETUP programs chapter.

2. To connect a floppy and/or hard drive, see the External drives chapter.

3. Refer to the Transferring files/remote disks chapter to transfer files from a host PC and to use a remote disk via a serial connection.

4. To use a serial console, refer to the Console devices chapter.

2-10


Chapter 3:

SETUP programs

SETUP programs

≡

Introduction

Three system configuration programs exist for the PC-500. They are: n SETUP – Configures devices set up by the BIOS such as serial ports and floppy drives n SETSSD – Configures PICO FA SSD device order n PMISETUP – Configures power management options at a more detailed level than SETUP n SETIRQ – Configures the interrupt routing matrix.

≡

SETUP

SETUP can be entered in one of two ways: n Run SETUP.COM

n Press the “backspace” key followed by the “S” key during BIOS

POST sequence (this occurs between the memory test and boot).

Also, by removing the USESETUP jumper from W2[9-10], you may force the setup to temporarily revert to the BIOS defaults (Table 3-1) and also allow the user to reconfigure the setup options.

The SETUP program defines the PC-500 system parameters. This program is shipped with default configuration parameters stored in the serial EEPROM. Changes are made by running the SETUP program. The SETUP program is stored on the SSD1 drive and on the PC-500 utility disk.

3-1

SETUP programs

Table 3-1 PC-500 SETUP parameters


SETUP parameters

Serial console on COM1

COM1 console baud rate

Power-on memory test

Description

Allows COM1 to be used as a console when on-board video is disabled

Specifies communications rate between PC and

PC-500 when serial console is in use

Extensive memory testing performed on bootup

Boot sequence Specifies whether the floppy drive will be ignored as a boot device

Serial port COM1 Specifies COM1 enable/disable

Serial port COM1 address COM1 address

Serial port COM2 Specifies COM2 enable/disable

Serial port COM2 address COM2 address

Parallel (LPT) port

Parallel port mode

Parallel port address

Specifies LPT port enable/disable

Specifies mode to use with parallel port

Specifies address to use w/parallel port

Number of floppy drives

On-board floppy controller

On-board IDE interface

Specifies number of floppy drives attached

Specifies location of floppy: on-board or on PC/104 bus

Specifies usage of on-board IDE connector or

PC/104 bus

Default

Enabled

9600

Enabled

C: Only

Enabled

3F8h

Enabled

2F8h

Enabled

Bidirectional printer port

378h

0

Disabled

Disabled

3-2

PC-500 user’s manual SETUP programs

Table 3-1 PC-500 SETUP parameters (cont’d)

SETUP parameters Description

Primary master fixed disk

Specifies which IDE interface is used

Primary slave fixed disk

Secondary master fixed disk



Secondary slave fixed disk

Internal CPU cache

CPU cache mode


Specifies CPU cache enable/disable

Specifies write-through/writeback on some CPUs (processor specific)

Limit CPU to half speed

SETUP entry via hotkey

Power management

Limits the top CPU speed

Doze clock

Time update after suspend

DIMM module type

Specifies <backspace><S> hotkey enable/disable

Specifies power management enable/disable

Specifies doze mode in power management to slow or stop the clock

To allow update of time after suspend mode

Specifies the type of

DIMM module

ROM Enable

C0000-C7FFFh

ROM Enable

C8000-CFFFFh

ROM Enable

D8000h-DFFFFh

Shadow

Shadow

C8000h-CFFFFh

Toggles video BIOS region

(first 32 KB)

Toggles video BIOS, second region (first 8 KB is video

BIOS)

Toggles extended BIOS area for PICO FA and

INT 17h BIOS

Specifies video BIOS shadow enable/disable

(first 32 KB)

Shadow enable/disable

(first 8 KB is video BIOS)

Shadow

D0000h-D7FFFh

Shadow

D8000h-DFFFFh



No

Enabled

Enabled

Slow

Enabled

EDO

Enabled

Enabled

Enabled

Enabled

Enabled

Disabled

Disabled

Default

None

None

None

None

Enabled

Write-back

3-3

SETUP programs PC-500 user’s manual

Running SETUP over the console port

1. To run SETUP make sure you have established a communications link between a keyboard and monitor with the PC-500 or a serial communications link between the PC-500 and your PC. See the Console devices chapter for more information on these two communication links.

2. Enter:

PC500 C:\> SETUP

Note If you are not booting from the SSD0 drive, the drive designator may differ.

Note You may also enter SETUP after the memory test and before the system has booted by pressing the “backspace” key followed by the “S” key.

3. The system will display the PC-500 setup parameters and available options. Select the option by pressing the space bar until the correct information appears, then press <ENTER>. Press <ESC> twice if you want to exit SETUP without saving your responses.

Note Options having an * are default settings.

n Serial Console on COM1:

ENABLED*

DISABLED

WARNING!

Disabling the serial console when there is no video monitor present will stop further serial console communication with the system after the system resets. Once disabled, you may re-enable the serial console by running SETUP. To run

SETUP, do one of the following steps: n Remove the USESETUP jumper, reboot and run SETUP n Install a video monitor, reboot and run SETUP. You have elected to DISABLE the serial console.

n

Serial Port COM1 Console Baud Rate:

1200

2400

4800

9600*

14400

19200

28800

38400

57600

115200

3-4

PC-500 user’s manual SETUP programs n

Power on memory test:

Enabled*

Disabled

You may want to disable the memory test to speed up the boot process.

You may also press the space bar to cancel the memory test while in progress.

n

Boot Sequence:

C: Only*

A: Then C: n

Serial Port COM1:

Enabled*

Disabled n

Serial Port COM1 address:

3F8h*

2F8h

338h

3E8h

2E8h

220h

238h

2E0h

228h n

Serial Port COM2:

Enabled*

Disabled n

Serial Port COM2 address:

2F8h*

338h

3E8h

2E8h

220h

238h

2E8h

2E0h

228h

Note Octagon strongly recommends the use of 3F8h for COM1 and 2F8h for

COM2.

Note The choices for COM1 and COM2 addresses are mutually exclusive; therefore, you may not see all the choices listed above. COM1 and

COM2 addresses may also conflict with those belonging to COM3 through COM5. Refer to the Serial ports chapter for a complete description on conflicting addresses.

n Parallel (LPT) Port:

Enabled*

Disabled

3-5

SETUP programs PC-500 user’s manual n

Parallel Port Mode:

Bidirectional mode*

EPP mode

ECP mode

Standard (Unidirectional) mode n

Parallel Port Address:

378h*

278h

3BCh n

IRQ for LPT port

IRQ7*

IRQ5

Note Standard mode is provided for compatibility only. We recommend the use of bidirectional mode. EPP and ECP modes are provided for equipment that has the capability to operate in these modes for enhanced performance.

n

Number of floppy drives:

0*, 1, 2 n

Onboard floppy controller:

Enabled (enables onboard floppy connector, J15)

Disabled* n

Drives A and B:

No* - requires a swap in the cable

Yes - does not require a swap in the cable n

Floppy drive 1 size:

Not Installed

5.25", 360 KB

5.25", 1.2 MB

3.5", 720 KB

3.5", 1.44 MB* n


Not Installed

5.25", 360K

5.25", 1.2 MB

3.5", 720KB

3.5", 1.44 MB* n

Onboard IDE interface:

Disabled*

Enabled (enables J18)

3-6

PC-500 user’s manual n

Primary master fixed disk:

None*

Auto - detects hard disk parameters

User - detects hard disk parameters n

Drive 1 parameters:

Cylinders (xxx)

Heads (xx)

Sectors (xx) n

Internal CPU cache:

Enabled*

Disabled n

Limit CPU to half speed:

NO*

YES n

Setup entry via hotkey:

Enabled*

Disabled n

Power management:

Enabled*

Disabled n

Doze clock:

Slow*

Stop n

Time update after suspend:

Enabled*

Disabled n

DIMM module type:

EDO*

Standard n

Shadow C0000h - C7FFFh:

Disabled

Enabled* n

Shadow C8000h - CFFFFh:

Disabled

Enabled* n

Shadow D0000h - D7FFFh:

Disabled*

Enabled

SETUP programs

3-7

SETUP programs PC-500 user’s manual n

Shadow D8000h - DFFFFh:

Disabled*

Enabled

Press ENTER to SAVE the changes or

Press ESC to EXIT without saving the changes.

Saving options.

Options saved.

Depending on the options you have selected, the system may display the following message:

You must reset for these options to take effect.

If you entered SETUP with the hotkeys (i.e., “backspace” and “S” keys), the system will reboot automatically.

SETUP example

The following example configures a system with no memory test, 9600 baud, printer at 378h, and booting from C:

OCTAGON SYSTEMS CORPORATION

PC-500 SETUP UTILITY Vx.x

(c) Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. 1985, 1995

_________________________________________________

(Press SPACE to CHANGE, ENTER to ACCEPT, ESC to EXIT)

Serial Console on COM1:

COM1 Console Baud Rate:


Boot Sequence:

Serial Port COM1:

Serial Port COM1 Address:

Serial Port COM2:


Parallel (LPT) Port:

Parallel Port Mode:



Onboard Floppy Controller:

Swap drives A and B:

ENABLED

9600

DISABLED

C: ONLY

ENABLED

3F8h (default)

ENABLED

2F8h (default)

ENABLED

Bidirectional Printer Port

378h

1

ENABLED

NO


Onboard IDE Interface:

Primary Master Fixed Disk:

Primary Slave Fixed Disk:

Secondary Master Fixed Disk:

Secondary Slave Fixed Disk:

Internal CPU cache:

Limit CPU to half speed:

3.5", 1.44 MB

ENABLED

AUTO

USER

NONE

NONE

ENABLED

NO

SETUP Entry via Hotkey:

Power Management:

Doze Clock (slow, stop):

Time Update after Suspend:

ENABLED

ENABLED

SLOW

ENABLED

DIMM Module Type: EDO

Enable ROM at C0000h-C7FFFh: ENABLED

Enable ROM at C8000h-CFFFFh: ENABLED

Enable ROM at C8000h-DFFFFh: ENABLED

3-8

PC-500 user’s manual SETUP programs

Shadow D0000h-C7FFFh:

Shadow C8000h-CFFFFh:

Shadow D0000h-D7FFFh:

Shadow D8000h-DFFFFh:

ENABLED

ENABLED

DISABLED

DISABLED

Press ENTER to SAVE the changes

Press R to RESTART with original values or

Press ESC to EXIT without saving the changes:

Options Saved.


PC500 C:\>

Note Executing SETUP /D will change all setup parameters to default values.

≡

SETSSD

For more information on SETSSD, refer to the Defining SSDs using

SETSSD section in the Managing SSDs chapter.

≡

PMISETUP

PMISETUP allows the user to customize the power management features of the PC-500. Refer to the CPU power management chapter. See also the Software utilities appendix for details.

≡

SETIRQ.EXE

To change interrupts via software using SETIRQ.EXE, refer to the

Programming section in the IRQ routing opto IRQs chapter.

3-9

SETUP programs PC-500 user’s manual

3-10


Chapter 4:

Save and run programs

Save and run programs

≡

Save and run your programs on the PC-500

Once you have written, tested and debugged your application, you can then save it to flash memory in SSD1 or SSD0 (if flash or SRAM). When you reboot the PC-500, your program can automatically load into DOS memory and execute. As shipped from the factory, SSD1 already contains a bootable ROM-DOS.

This chapter describes the following: n Saving an application program to SSD1 n Autoexecuting the program from the PC-500 n Overriding autoexecution of your program.

The information in this chapter assumes you are using ROM-DOS in your application. Some Microsoft programs make undocumented DOS calls. With ROM-DOS, an error returns when an undocumented DOS call is made, causing your program to operate erratically. We recommend booting from SSD1, using your own DOS, when using programs with undocumented DOS calls. Refer to the section Adding operating

system startup files in the Managing SSDs chapter for more information on saving and autoexecuting programs.

≡

Saving programs and support files

By default, the drive in SSD1 comes preformatted from the factory, loaded with ROM-DOS startup files and an example demo program. To replace the demo program on SSD1 with your own, see the section

Adding your application, in this chapter. To reformat an SSD or to add your own operating system, please refer to the Managing SSDs chapter.

WARNING!

Reformatting SSD1 requires the use of a floppy or a hard disk to restore system files.

4-1

Save and run programs PC-500 user’s manual

Adding your application

To add your application to your SSD, do the following:

1. Three methods of copying your application to the SSD are available. Do one of the following: n From a local drive to the PC-500, issue the COPY command.

n From a host drive, download your application by issuing the

TRANSFER command when using PC SmartLINK. Refer to the section, Transferring files between the PC-500 and your PC in the

Transferring files/remote disks chapter.

n To establish a remote drive and copy from it, issue the REMDISK and REMSERV commands. Refer to the section, Transferring files

between the PC-500 and your PC in the Transferring files/remote

disks chapter.

2. Add or remove any device drivers for your application. You may want to do the same for the CONFIG.SYS file on SSD1. Remember to add these drivers to your drive as well.

3. To autoexecute your application, add your application name to the

AUTOEXEC.BAT file. To replace our example program (DEMO.EXE) with your application, substitute DEMO in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file with your applications’ filename.

Autoexecuting your application

This section describes how to autoexecute your application.

1. To autoexecute your application in SSD1, use the SETSSD command to define your SSD as the boot device. Since you need to define the order of SSD1 as the first of the SSDs (and before any IDE drives), enter the following command:

PC500 C:\> SETSSD SSD1 SSD0 /before

2. Reset the system. SSD1 is now drive C: and your application should begin execution.

Note If the SETUP option “Boot Sequence” is set to “A: THEN C:”, remove any floppy in drive A: before resetting the system.

Note We recommend that you leave SSD0 in the SETSSD options or that you have a copy of SETSSD.EXE on SSD1. This allows you to change your boot device back to SSD0 when needed.

Note The SETSSD options are not used when W2[9-10] is not jumpered.

Overriding the autoexecution of your application

You may stop the autoexecution of your application by doing one of the following options:

4-2

PC-500 user’s manual Save and run programs

Option 1

1. Press F5 or F8 on your local keyboard. For more information, see your ROM-DOS manual.

Option 2

1. Change AUTOEXEC.BAT and/or CONFIG.SYS to not call out your program.

Option 3

1. Install a floppy.

2. Change SETUP option “Boot Sequence” to “A: THEN C:”

3. Change SETUP to enable the floppy.

4. Boot from floppy.

5. Change AUTOEXEC.BAT on C:.

4-3

Save and run programs PC-500 user’s manual

4-4


Overview:

Section 2 – Hardware

Section 2 discusses usage, functions, and system configurations of the

PC-500’s major hardware features. The following chapters are included:

Chapter 5:

Chapter 6:

Chapter 7:

Chapter 8:

Serial ports

LPT1 parallel port

Console devices

SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup

Chapter 9: External drives

Chapter 10: IRQ routing and opto IRQs

Chapter 11: EZ I/O

Chapter 12: LED signaling and “beep” codes

Chapter 13: CRTs and flat panels

Chapter 14: PC/104 expansion

Chapter 15: SCSI

Chapter 16: Ethernet



Chapter 5:

Serial ports

Serial ports

≡

Description

The PC-500 has five standard serial ports, COM1 through COM5.

Under OEM contract, COM3 through COM5 can be omitted. These serial ports interface to a printer, terminal, or other serial device. All ports support 5-, 6-, 7-, or 8-bit word lengths, 1, 1.5, or 2 stop bits, and baud rates up to 115.2K. All ports have the following specifications: n 16C550 compatible n 16 byte FIFO buffers n IEC 1000, level 3, ESD protection

— Contact discharge ±6 kV

— Air-gap discharge ±8 kV n Backdrive protection n IDC connectors which have the standard IBM PC pinout n Up to 115.2k Baud operation

≡

Serial port options

The standard version of the PC-500 has COM1 and COM2 installed as an 8-wire interface. Under OEM contract, you can order all five serial ports in various configurations, tailored to your application. Table 5-1 lists the standard and optional configurations for COM1 through COM5.

Table 5-1 COM port options

COM ports

COM1 standard

COM2 standard

COM3 (optional)

COM4 (optional)

COM5 (optional)

Standard features full 8-wire interface full 8-wire interface full 8-wire interface full 8-wire interface

2-wire RS-485 interface/

2-wire TTL serial port

Optional features

4-wire industrial interface



4-wire industrial interface none

5-1

Serial ports PC-500 user’s manual

≡

Description of serial ports

Conflicting COM port addresses

The following table lists the COM1 and COM2 addresses that conflict with those addresses belonging to COM3 through COM6.

Table 5-2 Conflicting COM port addresses

COM1

220h

228h

238h

2E0h

2E8h

2F8h

COM2

220h

228h

238h

2E0h

2E8h

2F8h*

COM3 COM4 COM5

2E8h*

320h*

338h

3E8h

338h

3E8h

3F8h*

* = default

3F8h

3E8h*

COM1

COM1 is either a full 8-wire RS-232 (standard) or an industrial 4-wire

RS-232 (optional) configuration. The default I/O address for COM1 is

3F8h, but can be changed in SETUP to any of the addresses in Table

5-3. Refer to the SETUP programs chapter for more information on running SETUP. IRQ4 is dedicated to COM1 and if COM1 is not used under interrupt control, IRQ4 may be used by other resources. For example, when COM1 is the console, COM1 uses IRQ4. COM1 can be used for console I/O or RS-232 I/O. COM1 and COM2 share the J13,

20-pin header. See the chapter on IRQ routing and opto IRQs for more details.

5-2

PC-500 user’s manual Serial ports

Table 5-3 COM1 available addresses (IRQ 4 dedicated)

COM1 available addresses

220h 2F8h

228h

238h

338h

3E8h

2E0h

2E8h

3F8h*

* = default

COM2

COM2 is either a full 8-wire RS-232 (standard) or an industrial

4-wire RS-232 (optional) configuration. RI on COM2 can be used as a method of “waking up” the PC-500 from a power management

SUSPEND operation. Refer to the CPU power management chapter for more information. The default I/O address for COM2 is 2F8h, but can be changed in SETUP to any of the addresses in Table 5-4. For more information on running SETUP, refer to the SETUP programs. IRQ3 is dedicated to COM2. If COM2 is not used under interrupt control, IRQ3 may be used by other resources such as the PC/104 expansion board, the GPS module, IRQ routing, etc. Refer to the IRQ routing and opto

IRQs chapter for details. COM1 and COM2 share the J13, 20-pin header.

Table 5-4 COM2 available addresses (IRQ3 dedicated)


220h 2F8h*

228h

238h

2E0h

2E8h

338h

3E8h

3F8h

* = default

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on COM1 and

COM2.

COM3 through COM5 interrupt/status port

COM3 through COM5 share the same interrupt—they default to IRQ15.

To determine which serial port caused the interrupt, you must first read the interrupt status port. Follow these steps to read the interrupt status port:

1. Read register 0A9h to read the I/O range select A (bit 5) and I/O range select B (bit 4) information. See Table 5-5.

5-3


Table 5-5 Register 0A9h

4

3

2

6

5

Bit Description

7 Enhanced mode jumper (W2[3-4])

Not used

I/O range select A (ISP file dependent)

I/O range select B (ISP file dependent)

User option jumper B (W4[5-6])

User option jumper A (W3[9-10])

1

0

Not used

USESETUP jumper (W2[9-10])

* = I/O range select A and B can be adjusted via the ISP files found on the PC-500 utility disk. See the IRQ

routing and opto irqs chapter for more information.

2. Determine the interrupt status port address based on bit 5 (I/O range select A) and bit 4 (I/O range select B) at register 0A9h. See Table 5-6.

Table 5-6 Reading the interrupt status port: Register 0A9h

I/O range select

A (bit 5) B (bit 4)

0 0

0 1

1 0

1* 1*

* = default

COM5 addresses

140-147h

120-127h

340-347h

320-327h*

EZ I/O addresses

150-157h

130-137h

350-357h

Interrupt status port addresses

158-15Fh

138-13Fh

358-35Fh

330-337h* 338-33Fh*

For example, if bits 5 and 4 are both 0, the interrupt status port addresses are 158-15Fh. If bit 5 is 0 and bit 4 is 1, the interrupt status port addresses are 138-13Fh; if bit 5 is 1 and bit 4 is 0, the interrupt status port addresses are 358-35Fh; and if bits 4 and 5 are both 1, the interrupt status port addresses are 338-33Fh.

3. Inside your interrupt handler, read the interrupt status port. Bit 1 through bit 3 show which serial port caused the interrupt.

For example, when there is a 1 in bit 3, this means COM3 caused the interrupt; a 1 in bit 2 shows that the interrupt came from COM4; a 1 in bit 1 means that COM5 caused the interrupt; and by default, when a 1 is in bit 0, then COM5 caused the interrupt. See Table 5-6.

Note Exit the interrupt handler only when bits 0 through 3 are all at 0.

5-4


Table 5-7 Interrupt status port (138h, 158h, 338h*, and 358h)

2

1

Bit

3

Location

COM3

COM4

COM5

Note All "0"s as bits indicate no interrupt and a "1" indicates an interrupt.

* = the default address for the interrupt status port.

It is possible to change the interrupt through the IRQ routing matrix.

You can also change bits 4 and 5 I/O ranges, COM5 addresses, and the status port addresses through the IRQ routing matrix. See the IRQ

routing and opto IRQs chapter for more details on how to change and reroute base addresses.

COM3

COM3 can be configured either as an 8-wire RS-232 (standard) or as an industrial 4-wire RS-232 (optional) interface. The I/O address for COM3 is 3E8h. The interrupt for COM3, IRQ15, is logically OR’d with COM4 and COM5. Interrupt routing for COM3 is configured through the interrupt routing matrix. COM3 and COM4 share the J14, 20-pin header. For more information, see the COM3 through COM5 interrupt/

status port section in this chapter.

Table 5-8 COM3 available address and IRQ routing

Address

3E8h

IRQ

IRQ15*

* = default, routable

COM4

COM4 can be configured either as an 8-wire RS-232 or as a 4-wire industrial RS-232 interface. The I/O address for COM4 is 2E8h. The interrupt, IRQ15, for COM4 is logically OR’d with COM3 and COM5.

Interrupt routing for COM4 is configured through the interrupt routing matrix. COM3 and COM4 share the J14, 20-pin header. For more information, see the COM3 through COM5 interrupt/status port section in this chapter.

Table 5-9 COM4 available address and IRQ routing

Address

2E8h

IRQ

IRQ15 *


5-5


Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on COM3 and

COM4.

COM5

COM can be configured either as an industrial 2-wire RS-485 port or a

2-wire TTL serial port. COM5 uses the RTS pin to enable or disable the

RS-485 transmit/receive function. That is, a logic ‘1’ in bit position 1, register offset 4, will enable the transmitter function and disable the receiver function. A logic ‘0’ in bit position 1, register offset 4, will disable the transmitter function and enable the receiver function.

The interrupt, IRQ15, for COM5 is logically OR’d with COM3 and

COM4. Interrupt routing for COM5 is configured through the interrupt routing matrix. COM5 is located at J17. For more information, see the

COM3 through COM5 interrupt/status port section in this chapter.

Table 5-10 Available addresses for COM5 (IRQ 5 default, routable)

Address

320h

IRQ

IRQ15*


Table 5-11 COM5: J17, RS-485 or TTL interface

For RS-485 interface

Pin 1 RS-485+

Pin 2 TxD

Pin 3 Gnd

Pin 4 RS-485–

W1[1-2][3-5][4-6]*

* = default

For TTL interface

Pin 1 TTL RD

Pin 2 TxD

Pin 3 Gnd

Pin 4 NA

W1[2-4][5-6]

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the COM5 connector.

≡

Null modem cable

The PC-500 requires an RS-232 null modem cable to interface to your desktop PC.

Mating receptacle

Use a VTC-20F cable to connect either COM1 and COM2, or COM3 and

COM4 to external serial equipment. The P2 and P3 connectors are

DB-9 female connectors which plug directly into a 9-pin PC serial cable.

When interfacing the PC-500 to your desktop PC, you must use a null modem adapter.

5-6


Figure 5-1 Null modem adapter and VTC-20F cable

Serial ports

Building your own cable

If you are not using a VTC-20F series cable, then you can build your own RS-232 communications cable. This is a simple null modem cable where RxD and TxD signal are crossed. Cable pins 4 and 6 in the first

COM port connector of the PC-500 are tied together, and cable pins 14 and 16 in the second COM port connector of the PC-500 are tied together. Pins 7 and 8 are tied together on each DB-9 cable connector.

Pins 4 and 5 are tied together on each DB-25 cable connector. Refer to the following table and diagram for a complete listing of all cable connections for the PC-500.

Table 5-12 Custom RS-232 null modem cable for the PC-500: First COM port

PC-500

COM1, COM2 or

COM3, COM4

1

PC-500 serial port signal

DCD

7

8

9

2

3

4|

6|

5

10

| = pins tied together

DSR

RxD

RTS

CTS

TxD

DTR

RI

Gnd

+5V Safe

2

6

NC

5

NC

3

1

DB-9 pin DB-25 pin

7 |

8 |

4|

5|

4 20

2

8

3

6

NC

7

NC

PC port signal

RTS

CTS

DTR

TxD

DCD

RxD

DSR

RI

Gnd

5-7


Table 5-13 Custom RS-232 null modem cable for the PC-500: Second COM port

PC-500

COM1, COM2 or

COM3, COM4

11

15

17

18

12

13

14|

16|

19

20

| = pins tied together

PC-500 serial port signal

DCD

DSR

RxD

RTS

CTS

TxD

DTR

RI

Gnd

+5V Safe

2

6

NC

5

NC

3

1

DB-9 pin DB-25 pin

7 |

8 |

4

4|

5|

20

2

8

3

6

NC

7

NC

PC port signal

RTS

CTS

DTR

TxD

DCD

RxD

DSR

RI

Gnd

Figure 5-2 Custom null modem cable for the PC-500

5-8


≡

Function and use of serial ports

COM1 as serial console device

Instead of the on-board local bus SVGA, you can use COM1 as the console device. See the Console devices chapter for more information.

When COM1 is not used as a console device, then it is available to your program as a standard RS-232 port. Octagon Systems strongly urges that you leave COM1 at the 3F8h default address.

COM1 through COM4 as RS-232 I/O

COM1 through COM4 can also be used as RS-232 serial ports. Depending upon the design of each port, COM1 through COM4 can support

4- or 8-wire configurations. Use a VTC-20F cable to interface from the

PC-500 to the serial device.

Figure 5-3 PC-500 serial devices

COM5 as RS-485 transmitter control

COM5 can either have a 2-wire RS-485 or a 2-wire TTL interface. The default configuration is for an RS-485 port. To change the default configuration from RS-485 to TTL, refer to Table 5-19.

COM5 defaults to base address 320h. The RS-485 transmitter is controlled by the COM5 RTS signal. To turn the transmitter ON and OFF through software control, toggle bit 1 of base address + 4 (323h). Refer to the following table on RS-485 terminations.

5-9


Table 5-14 RS-485 transmitter control: COM5 at location 320h

Program statement

A '1' in bit position 1, register offset 4

A '0' in bit position 1, register offset 4

Description

Enables the transmitter function and disables the receiver function

Disables the transmitter function and enables the receiver function

The RS-485 port is configured for termination for either marking or spacing idle condition, or not terminated. Any node located between the end points should not be terminated. Use W1[1-2][3-4] to disable termination. Jumper W1[7-9][8-10] to provide for marking condition and make sure that both ends of the network are terminated.

Table 5-15 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1

Pins

[7-8]*

Description


[9-10]*

[7-9]




* = default


Table 5-16 RS-485 and TTL interfaces


Pin 1 RS-485+

Pin 2 TxD

Pin 3 Gnd

Pin 4 RS-485–

W1[1-2][3-5][4-6]*

* = default


Pin 1 TTL RD

Pin 2 TxD

Pin 3 Gnd

Pin 4 NA

W1[2-4][5-6]

≡

RS-485 network

An application may implement a node as either the “host” node or as a

“remote” node in an RS-485 network. There can be as many as 32 nodes without any bus repeaters in the network. A “host” is referred to as the node that initiates communication; while a “remote” is referred to as a node that is addressed by the host.

In any given communication sequence in an RS-485 network, there can only be one host. The host is responsible for initiating communication, maintaining network registration, and providing housekeeping tasks with other nodes. Remotes, however, cannot initiate a communication.

5-10


They can only respond to messages that are addressed to them from the host.

The following diagram demonstrates how a typical two-wire transmission is implemented in the RS-485 network.

Figure 5-4 RS-485 two-wire (half duplex) transmission

5-11


5-12


Chapter 6:

LPT1 parallel port

LPT1 parallel port

≡

LPT1 parallel port

The LPT1 port has a 26-pin connector. It supports the unidirectional standard mode, bidirectional mode, enhanced parallel port (EPP) mode, and extended capabilities port (ECP) mode. The default I/O address is

378h (IRQ7). You may choose other nonstandard addresses between

278h (IRQ7) and 378h (IRQ7) in the PC-500 SETUP utility.

The LPT1 port supports a number of devices including a PC compatible printer, a multiline display, a matrix keypad or an opto rack with optoisolated digital I/O modules.

Note Make sure that the interrupt used for COM3 through COM5 does not conflict with the IRQ selected for the LPT in SETUP.

≡

Printer

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the LPT1 printer port connector.

Installing a printer

1. Make sure that the LPT1 port is in standard or bidirectional mode.

2. Connect an Octagon VTC-5/IBM cable from the LPT1 port (J16) to the

25-pin connector on your printer cable.

3. Connect the cable to your printer.

Figure 6-1 LPT1 as a printer port

6-1

LPT1 parallel port PC-500 user’s manual

≡

Display

The LPT1 port supports either a 4 x 20 or a 4 x 40 liquid crystal display

(LCD). To interface the displays to the PC-500, use the Octagon 2010 interface board. A CMA-26 cable is required to connect the interface board to the PC-500. The program DISPLAY.EXE (found on the

PC-500 utility disk) provides an easy method to use the display. Refer to the file DISPLAY.DOC on the PC-500 utility disk for information on initializing and using the display. Also, refer to the 2010 product sheet for more information on the interface board.

Installing a display

1. Connect a CMA-26 cable from the LPT1 port on the PC-500 (J16) to J1 on the 2010. See Figure 6-2.

2. Connect the display cable to either the 14-pin or 16-pin header on the

2010. The size of the display will determine which header to use.

3. Refer to the file DISPLAY.DOC for more information on initializing and using the display.

≡

Keypad

LPT1 also supports 4 x 4 matrix keypads. To interface the keypad to the PC-500, use the Octagon 2010 interface board. A CMA-26 cable is required to connect the interface board to the PC-500. The program

DISPLAY.EXE (found on the PC-500 utility disk) provides an easy method to use the keypad. Refer to the file DISPLAY.DOC on the

PC-500 utility disk for information on initializing and using the keypad.

Also, refer to the 2010 product sheet for information on the interface board.

Installing a keypad

1. Connect a CMA-26 cable from the LPT1 port on the PC-500 (J16) to J1 on the 2010. See Figure 6-2.

2. Connect the keypad cable to the 10-pin header on the 2010.

3. Refer to the DISPLAY.DOC file for more information on reading the keypad.

6-2


Figure 6-2 LPT1 as a display or keypad port

LPT1 parallel port

≡

Opto rack

The Octagon MPB-16PC opto rack interfaces directly to the parallel printer port and can control high voltage/high current G4 opto-isolated modules. Of the sixteen positions available, eight can be either input or output, four are dedicated as inputs and the other four are dedicated as outputs. Refer to the MPB-16PC opto module rack product sheet for more information.

Figure 6-3 LPT1 and an opto rack

6-3

LPT1 parallel port PC-500 user’s manual

6-4


Chapter 7:

Console devices

Console devices

≡

Description

The PC-500 has three options for console devices. You can use the onboard video with a monitor and a keyboard as your console. You can also use COM1 as the console or you can run the system without a console device.

≡

Selecting console devices

The following represent the PC-500’s three options for console devices: n Local bus SVGA and a local keyboard. The local bus SVGA can also drive flat panel displays.

n Serial console from COM1. A serial cable/null modem adapter plugged into a host PC running SmartLINK provides both input and output.

The local keyboard also allows input.

n No console device means no video output, either from the SVGA monitor or the serial console. The local keyboard allows input.

Local bus SVGA

For correct usage of the CRT and flat panel, see the CRTs and flat panels chapter.

Serial console

If the serial console is enabled and the video BIOSes are disabled, then

COM1 is used as the console device.

Follow these steps to use the serial console:

1. Power off the PC-500.

2. Connect a VTC-20F to J7 of the PC-500. Refer to Figure 7-1.

3. Connect P2 (COM1 side of the VTC-20F cable) to the 9-pin null modem adapter. Refer to Figure 7-2.

7-1

Console devices

Figure 7-1 The PC-500 and a serial console


4. If your PC has a 9-pin serial connector, connect the 9-pin null modem adapter to any serial port (COM1-COM4) on your PC.

5. If your PC has a 25-pin serial connector, attach a 9- to 25-pin adapter to the 9-pin null modem adapter, and then insert the matching end of the

9- to 25-pin adapter into the serial port.

6. Start PC SmartLINK.

7. Remove W2[1-2] and W3[1-2] to disable the video BIOS.

Note For more information on enabling and disabling the video BIOS, refer to the following section in this chapter.


Figure 7-2 VTC-20F cable and null modem adapter

7-2

PC-500 user’s manual Console devices

Keyboard

You can use any of the console options mentioned in the Selecting console

devices section with a local keyboard.

Speaker

You can also use a local speaker with any of the console options listed above in the Selecting console devices section. Interface the speaker via a

4-pin connector at J4. You may use any external speaker from 8-50 ohms.

Mouse

You can also add the use of a mouse to the list of serial console devices mentioned in the Selecting console devices section in this chapter. The mouse connects to J3 on the PC-500.

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the keyboard, speaker, and mouse connectors.

≡

Enabling/disabling the video BIOS

The BIOS checks for a video BIOS to determine which console device to use. If a console device exists, the BIOS will use the console device, the

CRT, or the flat panel. When the console device does not exist, the BIOS will otherwise use a serial console, if it has not been disabled in SETUP.

To enable/disable the video BIOS area, either change W2[1-2]/W4[1-2] or run SETUP and change C0000h-C7FFFh or C8000h-CFFFFh ROM enable options. The jumpers work as a toggle for the SETUP options.

That is, if the SETUP previously shows the BIOS regions as “enabled,” then changing the state of W2[1-2]/W4[1-2] will disable the regions.

To verify the SETUP program’s state for the C0000h-CFFFFH regions, remove the USESETUP W2[9-10] and install W2[1-2] and W4[1-2]. This jumper installation enables the video BIOS areas. To allow for serial console use, disable the video BIOS areas by removing W2[9-10] and

W2[1-2]/W4[1-2]. See Table 7-1 and Figure 7-3 as reference guides for disabling and enabling the video BIOS and changing ROM enable.

7-3

Console devices PC-500 user’s manual

Table 7-1 Video BIOS disabling and enabling options in SETUP

(C0000h-C7FFFh, C8000h-CFFFFh ROM Enable)

Current SETUP state of

C0000h–C7FFFh,

C8000h–CFFFFh

(ROM Enable)

Disabled

Disabled

Enabled

Enabled

Current jumper state of

W2[1–2](V0)/

W4[1–2](V1)

On

Off

On

Off

Desired state SETUP option

Enabled Change SETUP to enabled or remove

W2[1–2](V0)/

W4[1–2](V1)

Enabled Change SETUP to enabled or install

W2[1–2](V0)/

W4[1–2](V1)

Disabled Change SETUP to disabled or remove

W2[1–2](V0)/

W4[1–2](V1)

Disabled Change SETUP to disabled or install

W2[1–2](V0)/

W4[1–2](V1)

Note Octagon strongly recommends that you configure both the ROM Enable

SETUP option and the jumpers, W2[1-2] and W4[1-2] at the same time.

Figure 7-3 Changing ROM Enable flowchart

7-4

PC-500 user’s manual Console devices

*= If the SETUP state is unknown, you may need to change W2[1-2] and W4[1-2] one at a time.

Re-establishing communications when the console is not working.

If the ROM Enables SETUP state and jumpers W2[1-2]/W4[1-2] were not configured at the same time, then proceed with Steps A through C:

Step A

1. Remove USESETUP W2[9-10].

2. Install W2[1-2]/W4[1-2].

3. Reboot the system.

If Step A does not work, then follow Step B.

Step B

1. Make sure the BIOS jumper W2[5-6] is on. To use the BIOS in SSD1, install W2[5-6]. To use the BIOS in SSD0, remove W2[5-6].

2. Reboot the system.

If Step B does not work, then follow Step C.

Step C

1. Remove W2[1-2]/W4[1-2].

2. Attach a serial cable to COM1.

3. Run PC SmartLINK at 9600 baud.

4. Boot the system.

5. Program a new video BIOS if needed.

6. Run SETUP and set the ROM Enable SETUP states accordingly.

7. Re-install the USESETUP jumper W2[9-10].

7-5

Console devices PC-500 user’s manual

7-6

PC-500 user’s manual SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup

Chapter 8:

SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup

≡

Description

Before you can save and boot your application from the PC-500, you must first configure the system for your particular application requirements.

≡

SSD0 (optional)

SSD0 is an optional feature and is not installed on the standard version of the PC-500.

WARNING!

Incorrect installation of SSD0 will destroy the chip. To install

SSD0, be sure to match the notch in the SSD0 chip with the notch in the SSD0 marked silkscreen on the PC-500.

A flash, SRAM, or EPROM device may be installed on the PC-500.

Jumper blocks W2[7,8] and W5 must be set appropriately. See Table 8-1 for settings.

Selecting SSD0 device type

Table 8-1 SSD0 device selection jumpers: W5, W2[7-8]

Pins

W5[1–3, 2–4, 5–7, 8–10] W2[7–8]

W5[1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 9–10] W2[7–8]

W5[1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 9–10]


** = W2[7–8] is not jumpered

Description


Flash

EPROM**

≡

SSD0 replaced with an SRAM device

Before replacing SSD0 with an SRAM device, do the following steps:

1. Power off the PC-500 and then make sure to jumper W2[5-6] is jumpered in order to boot from the BIOS on SSD1.

2. Since SSD0 is to be replaced with an unprogrammed device, the PC-500 must be configured to boot from SSD1. Run SETSSD.EXE to change the boot device:

PC500 C:\> SETSSD SSD1 SSD0

8-1

SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup PC-500 user’s manual

3. Power off the PC-500 and install a 512K SRAM into SSD0 at socket

U21. Both W5[1-3, 2-4, 5-7, 8-10] and W2[7-8] must be jumpered for an

SRAM device.

Note SRAM contents are sometimes affected by system noise. Therefore, the use of SRAM is not recommended in electrically noisy environments, especially when systems are critical.

The SSD0 socket also supports flash and EPROM devices. By default,

SSD0 reserves 192 KB for the system/video BIOS and 320 KB for a

DOS drive. When an SRAM or flash device is used, the DOS drive is read/writeable through PICO FA. After PFORMAT has run, the

SETSSD/SSD0BIOS option allows the DOS drives on SSD0 to be the full size, 512 KB.

WARNING!

Alignment of an SRAM, flash, or EPROM device into SSD0 is critical. Be certain to properly align pin 1 of either the SRAM, flash, or EPROM device with pin 1 of SSD0 on the PC-500.

≡

SSD0 replaced with a flash device

Before replacing SSD0 with a flash device, do the following steps:

1. Power off the PC-500 and then make sure W2[5-6] is jumpered in order to boot from the BIOS on SSD1.

2. Since SSD0 is to be replaced with an unprogrammed device, the PC-500 must be configured to boot from SSD1. Run SETSSD.EXE to change the boot device:


3. Power off the PC-500 and install a 512K flash into SSD0 at socket U21.

Both W5[1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10] and W2[7-8] must be jumpered for a flash device.

Selecting an SSD BIOS

Each SSD may contain a system BIOS and a video BIOS. To select an

SSD BIOS in SSD1, add jumper W2[5-6]. To use SSD0 BIOS, remove jumper W2[5-6]. See Table 8-2 for the proper settings. To program the system BIOS/video BIOS, refer to the Managing SSDs chapter.

Table 8-2 Selecting an SSD BIOS: W2[5-6]

State

On

Off

Result

Use SSD1 BIOS

Use SSD0 BIOS

8-2

PC-500 user’s manual SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup

SSD0 replaced with an EPROM/OTPROM

1. Follow steps one through three in the SSD0 replaced with a flash device section and use a 512K flash.

2. Power off the PC-500 and remove the flash from socket U21.

3. Use an off-card programmer to program a 512K EPROM/OTPROM.

Use the flash as the master copy.

4. Insert the programmed EPROM/OTPROM into socket U21.

5. Remove jumper W2[7-8] for EPROM USE.


7. The new SSD0 device is now ready to be used as a bootable, read-only

DOS drive.

≡

SSD1

Generally, SSD1 is meant for storing the application programs to be executed on powerup. The programs are automatically loaded into DOS memory and executed. The standard version of the PC-500 comes with a 2 MB flash soldered on-board, while the optional version contains a

1 MB flash soldered on-board. Your application programs can be saved to flash using the PICO FA driver which makes the flash device a read/ write disk on your PC-500. Saving your programs onto the read/write disk allows you to do this up to 100,000 times, allowing updates to your application programs. These devices are erased automatically during the programming process.

SSD1 can be accessed directly as a read/write DOS drive with the PICO

FA driver. Also, it can be accessed directly as a read/write DOS drive when the PICOFA.SYS driver is loaded. While this is convenient for product development, the flash, however, has a limited number of writes allowed. Therefore, Octagon does not recommend SSD1 be used as a data logging device. Refer to the Software utilities appendix for information on supported flash devices and a description of PICO FA.

≡

DRAM

The standard version of the PC-500 is shipped with 1 MB of DRAM on-card. The PC-500 can also be configured with 16 MB of surface mounted DRAM. The on-card DRAM socket holds up to a 32 MB dual in-line memory module (DIMM). The card supports fast page mode

(FPM) or extended data out (EDO) types of memory. These can be symmetric or asymmetric configurations. You may order EDO DIMM memory modules from Octagon Systems. These memory modules, including a 32 MB version, are also available from third party electronic component distributors. See the following for ordering information:

Description

4 MB EDO DIMM memory module

Manufacturer Manufacturer’s P/N

Octagon

IBM

4583

IBM11S1325LPB-70

Kingston KTM1X32V-70DEG

PNY Engineering 321007EDM1G02TB

8-3

SSDs, DRAM, and battery backup PC-500 user’s manual




Octagon

IBM

4584

IBM11S2325LPB-70

Kingston KTM2X32V-70DEG

PNY Engineering 322007EDM1G04TB

Octagon

IBM

4582

IBM11S4325LPB-70

PNY Engineering 324007EDS4G08TL

Octagon Call Octagon

≡

Battery backup for SSD0 SRAM and real time calendar clock

SSD0 can use 512 KB SRAM by changing W5. Refer to the table below for the correct pinout listing for the SRAM with battery backup configuration. The SSD0 requires an AT battery for battery backup of the

SRAM files.

An AT battery also backs up the CMOS real time clock.

Table 8-3 SSD0 device configuration: W5, W2[7-8]

Pins

W5[1-3, 2-4, 5-7, 8-10] W2[7-8]

W5[1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10] W2[7-8]

W5[1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10]


** = W2[7-8] is not jumpered

Description


Flash

EPROM**

Installing an AT battery


2. Install the 3.6V AT clock battery at the J8 connector. Refer to the component diagram in the Quick start chapter for the location of J8.

Table 8-4 Battery connector: J8

3

4

Pin Function

1 Battery

2 Key

Gnd

Gnd

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the battery connector.

8-4


Chapter 9:

External drives

External drives

≡

Description

The PC-500 is compatible with all common floppy disk drives used on desktop PCs. The PC-500 also drives any standard IDE or EIDE hard drives that have 16-bit IDE interfaces. The BIOS extension ROM for the hard drive is supplied on the card so that no additional software is needed. The floppy drives use DMA channel 2.

≡

Floppy disk controller

The PC-500 can interface directly to one or two 3.5 in. or 5.25 in. floppy drives via the connector at J15. Make sure the 34-pin floppy drive cable meets the following pinout requirements:

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the floppy disk connector.

Note If you wish to add a second floppy drive to your system, you must use a floppy drive cable which has two connectors.

Power requirements

The PC-500 requires +5V for operation. You must also supply power to the floppy drive(s) through an external source. Refer to your floppy drive manual for specific instructions.

Installing a floppy disk drive

1. Disconnect power to the PC-500.

2. Insert one end of your cable into the rear of the floppy drive. Make sure pin 1 on the cable is connected to pin 1 on the drive.

3. Insert the other end of the cable into J15 on the PC-500.

4. Connect power to the floppy drive.

5. Run SETUP in the \UTILS subdirectory to setup the AT BIOS. You can execute this program either by pressing <BACKSPACE><S> during system bootup or by executing the file SETUP.EXE. This file is found on the PC-500 BIOS drive and also on the PC-500 utility disk. The system steps you through the configuration. Also, refer to the SETUP

programs chapter for more information on the AT BIOS SETUP program.

9-1

External drives PC-500 user’s manual

Note If floppy is twisted on the connector, then answer “no” to Swap Floppy

A and B.

≡

Hard disk controller

The PC-500 will drive up to 4 gigabytes hard drives that have 16-bit

IDE interfaces via a 44-pin connector at J18. Make sure your cable meets the pinout requirements of the following table:

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the IDE hard connector.

Installing a hard drive:

1. Disconnect power to the PC-500.

2. Insert one end of the Octagon hard drive adapter cable into the rear of the hard drive. Make sure pin 1 on the cable is connected to pin 1 on the drive.

3. Insert the other end of the IDE cable into J18 on the PC-500. Make sure pin 1 on the cable is connected to pin 1 on the PC-500.

4. Execute the BIOS SETUP program to configure your system for a hard drive. You can execute this program either by pressing <BACK-

SPACE><S> during system bootup or by executing the file

SETUP.EXE. This file is found on the PC-500 BIOS drive and the

PC-500 utility disk. The system steps you through the configuration.

Also, refer to the SETUP programs chapter for more information on the

BIOS SETUP program.

5. If you want to boot the system from the hard drive, you need to format the drive accordingly.

≡

Booting with ROM-DOS

If you want to boot from a floppy/hard drive with ROM-DOS, do the following steps:

1. Boot from the PC-500 utility disk.

2. Execute the following command:

SYS C:

3. The system copies COMMAND.COM as well as a hidden file to the hard drive.

9-2

PC-500 user’s manual IRQ routing and opto IRQs

Chapter 10:

IRQ routing and opto IRQs

≡

Interrupt routing

The PC-500 provides a flexible method of enabling, disabling, and routing system interrupts via an “in system” programmable logic device.

The logic device not only reduces the number of physical jumpers, but it also reduces the possibility of choosing the incorrect jumper configuration. For example, upon configuration the electronic jumpers remain set until they are reprogrammed for a different configuration.

This device also allows some of the PC/104 bus interrupts and some of the on-board generated interrupts to be routed to other IRQs of the programmable interrupt controller. This routing matrix requires the user to run the SETIRQ utility program to update the routing matrix with the desired IRQ routes.

In addition to IRQ routing, the I/O range select A and select B bits can be set so that the base addresses in COM5, EZ I/O, and COM3 through

COM5 IRQ status registers can be moved to different locations. These can also be read at I/O address 0A9h bits 4 and 5.

See also the SETIRQ.DOC file in the \IRQ directory on the PC-500 utility disk for more information. The utility disk contains several ISP files to program into the matrix. If these are not sufficient, call

Octagon’s Technical Support at 303-426-4521 for new ISP files that may have become available.

Note If an output is not routed as a signal, then the output or destination is neither driven high nor low, but is in a high impedance mode.

Note When you program a new IRQ routing matrix, the printer port must be set to bi-directional mode. Also, any field devices connected to the printer port must be disconnected.

10-1

IRQ routing and opto IRQs

Figure 10-1 Interrupt routing matrix


10-2

PC-500 user’s manual IRQ routing and opto IRQs

≡

Opto IRQs

OPTOA and OPTOB are the two optically isolated channels and are accessible at J10. These channels are configurable to drive either the

SUSPEND/RESUME or the PMI signal. Also, either OPTOA or OPTOB can be routed through the interrupt routing matrix to generate a system reset. The opto-isolation allows the input source to extend as far as

50 feet from the card. A +5V signal activates the SUSPEND/RESUME,

PMI or system reset signal. Noise filtering is built-in and the isolation from the system ground is 500V. A voltage greater than 3.1V at 5.0 mA guarantees a SUSPEND/RESUME or a PMI interrupt or a system reset.

When signaling for SUSPEND/RESUME, PMI, or system reset, the voltage is applied in a pulse period greater than 50 µS. The interrupt matrix chip requires that the input voltage remains stable until the interrupt is acknowledged. At that time, the interrupt source can be rearmed by returning the input to 0 volts.

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the OPTOA and

OPTOB connectors.

The interrupt routing matrix provides flexibility to the interrupt structure which allows connection between the lower-ordered ISA interrupts and the unused higher-ordered interrupts. Caution must be used when configuring the jumper options.

Note Bus IRQ6 can be inadvertently routed to two interrupts. This is not an acceptable configuration. The application software must also be aware of the interrupt that is set for the particular resource.

≡

Interrupt routing matrix defaults

The 500_001.ISP file lists the interrupt routing matrix defaults. See the SETIRQ.DOC file on the PC-500 utility disk for more information.

≡

Programming

SETIRQ 500_001.ISP

See the \IRQ\SETIRQ.DOC directory on the PC-500 utility disk for additional PC-500 ISP files and their functional descriptions in the

SETIRQ.DOC file.

≡

Master disable

When W4[9-10] is jumpered, the outputs from the interrupt matrix chip

10-3

IRQ routing and opto IRQs PC-500 user’s manual are tri-stated (high). The chip does not program when this jumper is installed.

I/O range select can be adjusted via ISP files and SETIRQ. The I/O range select changes the EZ I/O, COM5 base addresses. See

SETIRQ.DOC for more information.

The IORG SEL A (I/O register select A) and IORG SEL B (I/O register select B) select the base address for COM5, as well as for the EZ I/O and the interrupt status register.

Table 10-1 Interrupt status port (ISP) map setting at I/O location 0A9h

I/O range select

A (bit 5) B (bit 4)

0 0

0 1

1 0

1* 1*

* = default

COM5 addresses

140-147h

120-127h

340-347h

320-327h*

EZ I/O addresses

150-157h

130-137h

Interrupt status port addresses

158-15Fh

138-13Fh

350-357h 358-35Fh

330-337h* 338-33Fh*

10-4


Chapter 11:

EZ I/O

≡

Description

Octagon EZ I/O digital I/O lines can be used to sense switch closures, turn on lamps and LEDs, and interface with other devices that have TTL input or output such as printers and scales. The EZ I/O drives the

Octagon MPB series opto-isolation module racks directly, controlling AC and DC loads to 240V at 3A. Figure 11-1 shows typical EZ I/O configurations. The EZ I/O port at J11 has the following features: n The EZ I/O chip has 24 I/O lines, grouped into 3 ports of 8 bits n Each bit is programmable as either 5V input or 5V output n Read back state of each pin n Easy-to-program n Sink and source 15 mA

Figure 11-1 Typical EZ I/O configurations

EZ I/O

11-1

EZ I/O PC-500 user’s manual

Table 11-1 EZ I/O connector: J11

25

24

22

20

18

Pin Function Pin Function Pin

19

Port A bit 0 10

Port B bit 0 13

21 bit 1 8 bit 1 16

23 bit 2 4 bit 2 15 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

6

1

3

5

7 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

17

14

11

12

9

2

26

Function

Port C bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

+5V safe

Gnd

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the EZ I/O connector.

≡

Pulling the I/O lines high or low

Jumper block W3 pulls the I/O lines at ports A, B, and C high or low.

This allows a known state upon powerup. The default configuration pulls all of the I/O lines high. Note that 10K ohm resistor networks are used to configure the I/O lines as high or low.

Table 11-2 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down jumpers: W3

Pins

[1–2]*


Pull up to +5V

[2–4]

[9–10]* UA

* = default

Pull down to Gnd


≡

Organization of ports

The EZ I/O digital port has a total of 24 I/O lines connected to a 26-pin header. The lines are configured into three groups: ports A, B and C, each group consisting of 8 bits. Any of the lines at ports A, B, or C can be configured individually as inputs or outputs.

11-2


Figure 11-2 Organization of ports

EZ I/O

Port addressing

Ports A, B, C and the control register are addressable.

Table 11-3 EZ I/O port address

Port

A

B

C

Control register

I/O address

Base address

Base address + 1

Base address + 2

Base address + 3

Base I/O address

The base I/O address for the EZ I/O port is 330h (default). This address can be changed through OctaGlue PCS_2 to one of four addresses.

Refer to the section Interrupt routing in the IRQ routing and opto IRQs chapter to change the base address of the EZ I/O chip.

Based on the I/O range select A and B, you can determine the port addresses for the EZ I/O port by reading 0A9h bit 4 and 0A9h bit 5.

Refer to Table 11-4.

11-3


Table 11-4 Reading the EZ I/O port

0

1

I/O range select A

(bit 5)

0

1

* = default

0

1

I/O range select B

(bit 4)

1

0

EZ I/O base address

130h

150h

330h*

350h

≡

Configuring and programming the EZ I/O ports

Located at J11 on the PC-500, the digital I/O connector is programmable by an Octagon EZ I/O digital chip. The EZ I/O chip has three ports with eight parallel I/O lines (bits) per port. This port can use one of four base I/O addresses. All lines can be individually programmed as all inputs, all outputs, or individually as inputs or outputs. You can alter which bits are inputs or outputs by writing a control command to the control register of the EZ I/O port. When a line is configured as an output, it can sink a maximum of 15 mA at 0.4V or can source 15 mA at

2.4V. On powerup and software or hardware reset, all digital I/O lines at J11 reset as inputs.

Programming the EZ I/O

Follow these steps to program the EZ I/O chip:

1. Configure the EZ I/O port bit directions, either as inputs or outputs.

2. Write to port A, B, or C with the desired level or read the bit level from the desired port.

Configuring the EZ I/O

Follow these steps to configure the EZ I/O chip

1. Write a "2" to the control register (base address + 3). This places the I/O chip in “direction” mode:

(default base address = 330h)

OUT 333h, 2 (control register, direction mode)

2. Set the direction of each bit. A "0" written to the corresponding line indicates an input and a "1" bit indicates an output. Each bit corresponds to the equivalent I/O line.

11-4


Table 11-5 EZ I/O port byte bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 x x x x x x

EZ I/O port

I/O line

7

6

5

4

3

2 x x

1

0

For example, writing 00011100 to port C (base address + 2) will configure port C I/O lines 0, 1, 5, 6, and 7 to be inputs and lines 2, 3, and 4 to be outputs:

OUT 332h, 1Ch (00011100 binary = 1C hexadecimal)

3. Write a "3" to the control register (base register+3). This places the I/O chip back into “operation” mode:

OUT 333h, 3 (control register)

Writing and reading from EZ I/O

Writing to or reading from the desired EZ I/O port is accomplished with single program statements:

1. To write a bit pattern to the desired EZ I/O port:

OUT 332h, FFh

All bits of port C go high; all input bits are unaffected.

2. To read a bit pattern from the desired EZ I/O port:

PORTC = INP(332h)

The byte read from port C is assigned to variable port C.

EZ I/O output program examples

To configure ports A, B, and C as all outputs, issue the commands:

OUT 333h, 2 ‘Direction’ Mode

OUT 330h, FFh ‘PortA’

OUT 331h, FFh ‘PortB’

OUT 332h, FFh ‘PortC’

OUT 333h, 3 ‘Operation’ Mode

EZ I/O

11-5


Note With CAMBASIC, Octagon’s multitasking industrial language, you can also accomplish the same configuration and outputs with one statement.

Enter:

CONFIG EZ I/O &330, &0, &FF, &0, &FF, &0, &FF

Ports A, B, and C will now output all "1"s after issuing the following commands:

OUT 330h, FFh (portA)

OUT 331h, FFh (portB)

OUT 332h, FFh (portC) or all "0"s after:

OUT 330h, 0 (portA)

OUT 331h, 0 (portB)

OUT 332h, 0 (portC)

EZ I/O input program examples

To configure ports A and C as inputs and port B as outputs, issue the following commands:

OUT 333h, 2

OUT 330h, 0

OUT 331h, FF

OUT 332h, 0

OUT 333h, 3

'Direction Mode'

'Operation Mode'

To read ports A and C, issue the following commands:

PORTA = INP(330h) (port A)

PORTC = INP(333h) (port B)

≡

Enhanced INT 17h function definitions

This section provides definitions for the following functions: Initialize

EZ I/O, Write EZ I/O, and Read EZ I/O.

Initialize EZ I/O

Function:

Subfunction: efh

00h

Purpose: To set the directions and to program the initial values of an EZ I/O port.

Calling registers:

AH efh

AL 00h

DI Port A configuration xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxB xxxxxxx Initial data for port A

11-6

PC-500 user’s manual EZ I/O xxxxxxxxB direction; 1->output, 0->input

BX Port B configuration xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxB

Initial data for port B xxxxxxxxB direction; 1->output, 0->input

CX Port C configuration xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxB xxxxxxxx Initial data for port C xxxxxxxxB direction; 1->output, 0->input

DX ffffh

Return registers: Carry flag cleared if successful

Carry flag set if error

AL Error code

Comments: This function is used to initialize the EZ I/O before normal use.

Programming example:

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0ef00h mov di,00ffh /*port A all outputs, init data=all 0’s */ mov bx,55ffh /*port B all outputs, init data=55h*/ mov cx,0000h /*port C all inputs* mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

}

Write EZ I/O

Function:

Subfunction:

Purpose: efh

01h

To write a value of an EZ I/O port.

Calling registers:

AH efh

AL 01h

DI Port A mask and data xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxB xxxxxxxx Mask for port A; 1->bit to be changed xxxxxxxxB Data for port A

BX Port B mask and data xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxB xxxxxxxx Mask for port B; 1->bit to be changed xxxxxxxxB Data for port B

CX Port C mask and data xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxB xxxxxxxx Mask for port C; 1->bit to be changed xxxxxxxxB Data for port C

DX ffffh

11-7




AL Error code

Comments: This function is used to initialize the EZ I/O before normal use.


/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0ef01h mov di,00ffh /*port A: no change */ mov bx,8000h /*port B: bit 7=0, other bits unchanged*/ mov cx,0202h /*port C: bit 1=1, other bits unchanged* mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

}

Read EZ I/O

Function:

Subfunction:

Purpose:

Calling registers:

AH efh

AL 01h efh

02h

To read from an EZ I/O port.

xxxxxxxx Data for port C

DX ffffh


AL Port A data

AH Port B data

BL Port C data


AL Error code

Comments: This function is used to read from the EZ I/O before normal use.


/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ unsigned char aData, bData, cData; asm { mov ax,0efoch mov dx,0ffffh int 17h mov aData,al mov bData,ah mov cData,bl

}

11-8

PC-500 user’s manual EZ I/O

≡

Opto-module rack interface

You can interface digital I/O lines to an 8-, 16-, or 24-position opto-module rack. One end of the CMA-26 cable plugs into the EZ I/O connector and the other plugs into an MPB-8, MPB-16, or an MPB-24 opto rack. Refer to the

MPB opto racks data sheet for more information.

You can also use a CMA-26 cable to connect the EZ I/O port to an STB-26 terminal board and then to the opto rack. The STB-26 has two 26-pin connectors, one of which would connect to the EZ I/O port, the other would connect to the opto rack. Refer to the following opto rack diagrams.

For either configuration, run a separate power line to +5V and ground on the opto-rack.

Figure 11-3 MPB-16PC opto rack hookup

11-9


Use the following table to determine the corresponding opto-channel position for ports A, B, and C for EZ I/O (J11).

Table 11-6 EZ I/O opto-rack interface

1

2

MPB opto rack

Opto-module position

0

6

7

3 MPB-08

4

5


8

9

10

11 MPB-16

12

13

14

15


16

17

18

19 MPB-24

20

21

22

23

Port A bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

Port B bit 0 bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

EZ I/O port


+5V

Gnd

6

1

3

5

7

10

8

4

2

26

24

22

20

18

19

21

23

25

Connector pin

17

14

11

12

9

13

16

15

11-10


≡

Interfacing to switches and other devices

The STB-26 terminal board provides a convenient way of interfacing switches or other digital I/O devices to the EZ I/O digital port. I/O lines at the EZ I/O connector can be connected to an STB-26 with a CMA-26 cable. Parallel I/O devices are then connected to the screw terminals on the STB-26. Refer to the STB-26 product sheet for more information.

Figure 11-4 PC-500 interfacing with an STB-26 terminal board

EZ I/O

11-11


11-12

PC-500 user’s manual LED signaling and “beep” codes

Chapter 12:

LED signaling and “beep” codes

≡

Description

The PC-500 has a bicolor LED that is used by the BIOS to signal system status.

Immediately after the PC-500 powers on, both LEDs are lit and display an amber color. Upon completion of the boot sequence, the amber LED turns off and the green LED remains on.

If a failure occurs during the boot sequence, visual beep codes are displayed to the LEDs. The visual beep codes are defined in the following table. Also, if a speaker is installed at J4, the beep codes are audible.

The bicolor LED also indicates memory suspend status. Upon entering memory suspension, the green LED turns off and the amber LED turns on. On a resume condition, the amber LED turns off and the green LED turns on.

When the system enters the cool down clocking state, the green LED and the amber LED turn on. When the system exits the cool down clocking state, the amber LED turns off and the green LED remains on.

Table 12-1 Ethernet LEDs

Color/Pins CR7

Amber [1-2] Board select LED:

Activated by access to I/O space

Green [3-4] Link LED:

Activated by network link

CR8

Receive LED:

Activated by received data

Transmit LED:

Activated by transmitted data

12-1

LED signaling and “beep” codes PC-500 user’s manual

Table 12-2 Phoenix BIOS beep codes

19h

1Ah

1Bh

1Ch

1Dh

1Eh

1Fh

20h

21h

22h

23h

25h

27h

13h

14h

15h

16h

0Dh

10h

11h

12h

17h

18h

08h

09h

0Ah

0Bh

0Ch

Diagnostic port output

01h

02h

03h

04h

05h

06h

Beep codes Description of test or failure

80286 register test in-progress

1-1-3 CMOS write/read test in-progress

1-1-4 BIOS ROM checksum in-progress

1-2-1 Programmable interval timer test in-progress or failure

1-2-2 DMA initialization in-progress or failure

1-2-3 DMA page register write/read test in-progress or failure

1-3-1 RAM refresh verification in-progress or failure

1st 64K RAM test in-progress

1-3-3 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure multi-bit

1-3-4 1st 64K RAM odd/even logic failure

1-4-1 1st 64K RAM address line failure

1-4-2 1st 64K RAM parity test in-progress or failure

2-1-1 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit 0










2-3-3 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit A

2-3-4 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit B

2-4-1 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit C

2-4-2 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit D

2-4-3 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit E

2-4-4 1st 64K RAM chip or data line failure-bit F

3-1-1 Slave DMA register test in-progress or failure

3-1-2 Master DMA register test in-progress or failure

3-1-3 Master interrupt mask reg. test in-progress or failure

3-1-4 Slave interrupt mask reg. test in-progress or failure

N/A Interrupt vector loading in-progress

3-2-4 Keyboard controller test in-progress or failure

12-2

PC-500 user’s manual LED signaling and “beep” codes

Table 12-2 Phoenix BIOS beep codes (cont’d)

34h

35h

36h

37h

38h

3Ah

3Bh

3Ch

3Dh

3Eh

50h

51h

52h

53h

54h

55h

56h

30h

30h

31h

32h

33h


28h

29h

2Bh

2Ch

2Dh

2Eh

57h

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Beep codes Description of test or failure

N/A CMOS power-fail and checksum checks in-progress

N/A CMOS config info. validation in-progress

3-3-4 Screen memory test in-progress or failure

3-4-1 Screen initialization in-progress or failure

3-4-2 Screen retrace tests in-progress or failure

N/A Search for video ROM in-progress

Screen believed operable:

Screen believed running w/video ROM

Monochromatic screen believed operable

40-column color screen believed operable

80-column color screen believed operable

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

4-2-1 Timer tick interrupt test in-progress or failure

4-2-2 Shutdown test in-progress or failure

4-2-3 Gate A20 failure

4-2-4 Unexpected interrupt in protected mode

4-3-1 RAM test in-progress or failure above address 0FFFFh

4-3-3 Interval timer channel 2 test in-progress or failure

4-3-4 Time-of-day clock test in-progress or failure

4-4-1 Serial port test in-progress or failure

4-4-2 Parallel port test in-progress or failure

4-4-3 Math coprocessor test in-progress or failure

Beginning of CSET_INIT

Loading the RCM table

Loading the FCM table, doing DMC

Entering CSET_BFR_VIDROM (before video ROM)

Entering CSET_BFR_SIZMEM (before memory sizing)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Entering CSET_AFT_MTEST (before memory test)

Entering CSET_AFT_CMCFG (before CMOS configuration check)

Entering CSET_BFR_OPROM (before option ROM scan)

12-3

LED signaling and “beep” codes PC-500 user’s manual

Table 12-2 Additional error codes for Phoenix BIOS

E1h

E7h

E8h

E9h

EAh

F0h

F1h

F3h

F4h

F9h

FAh


C0h

C1h

C2h

C3h

D7h

D9h

DFh

E0h

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Beep codes

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Description of test or failure

Entry to power management initialization

Return from power management initialization

Entry to cache initialization

Return from cache initialization

Using defaults from ROM

Using EEPROM values

Exit CMOS initialization

Reset

BIOS determined it is an actual reset

Going to CMOS initialization

Returned from CMOS initialization

Entry to chipset initialization

Exit from chipset initialization

Loading chipset from EEPROM or defaults

Completed chipset load

Loading mvb specific values

Completed mvb load

Starting memory autosizing

Completed memory autosizing

12-4


Chapter 13:

CRTs and flat panels

CRTs and flat panels

≡

Description

The PC-500 supports a variety of high-performance flat panels and

SVGA CRT monitors. The video section has 2 MB of video DRAM for high resolution displays and simultaneous CRT and flat panel operation. The video controller circuit operates on the local bus at full processor speed allowing for faster execution of programs such as Windows.

Standard VGA monitors with analog inputs are connected using a

VGA-12 cable connected to J6. Flat panel displays are connected using a 50-pin connector at J5. Refer to the VGA 65550 utility disk for additional information on flat panel displays.

≡

Video features

Below is a list of standard video features installed on the PC-500: n High performance Chips & Technologies VGA 65550 video controller n 2 MB DRAM for display buffering n CRT support with resolutions to 1024 x 768 at 75 MHz n Flat panel support with resolutions the following resolutions:

— 640 x 480 x 24 bpp

— 800 x 600 x 24 bpp

— 1024 x 768 x 16 bpp n Support for plasma, EL and LCD displays

— 3V and 5V flat panel support (jumper selectable)

— Flat panel power sequencing

— Software adjustable positive bias voltage supply for passive

LCD panels (negative bias voltage supply is optional) n PC-video interface for full motion video overlay n Local bus interface for fast execution n 120MHz/133MHz option for enhanced temperature performance

≡

Video options

The standard version of PC-500 has all of the above video features installed. Under OEM contract, the user has the option to eliminate all or specific portions of the video section. The following table lists video features that the end-user can consider as either standard or optional.

13-1

CRTs and flat panels PC-500 user’s manual

Table 13-1 Video controller and associated CRT, flat panel, and PC-video circuitry

Standard features

Installed

Installed

Installed


No video circuitry installed

CRT circuitry not installed

Flat panel circuitry not installed

Installed

Installed

Not installed

PC-video interface not installed

Positive display bias supply not installed (+23 to +29 VDC)*

Negative display bias supply

(–23 to –29 VDC)*

* = Other bias voltage ranges are factory optional

≡

Programming the video BIOS

Note When the SCSI hard drive is used, the SCSI boot BIOS and the video

BIOS both share the C8000-CFFFFh region. For more information on the region share between these two BIOSes, refer to the Video BIOS

reprogramming section in the SCSI chapter.

The PC-500 is factory configured and programmed for a VGA analog monitor. If you wish to use a monitor other than the default or a flat panel display, you must reprogram the video BIOS for the appropriate display. To reprogram your video BIOS, see the README.DOC on your

65550 utility disk.

If you are using the default monitor and have not previously reprogrammed the video BIOS, please skip to the section Connecting the

monitor/display.

1. Attach a standard VGA monitor, an AT/PS/2 compatible keyboard, and a floppy drive to the PC-500.

2. Refer to Figure 13-1 for the correct cables and locations of the keyboard,

VGA monitor, and floppy drive connectors.

Note If monitor and keyboard are not available, connect the PC-500 to your

PC by using a remote serial console. Refer to the Serial Console section in the Console devices chapter.

13-2

PC-500 user’s manual CRTs and flat panels

Figure 13-1 The PC-500, a VGA monitor, and an AT/PS-2 compatible keyboard


4. Using a serial console, download the file PGMVIDEO.EXE and *.DAT

file for your display (e.g., S64P80.DAT) from your PC to the PC-500 virtual drive. These files are found on the VGA 65550 utility disk in the

\DAT and \BIOS subdirectories. Refer to the Transferring files/remote

disks chapter for detailed information on downloading files.

Note If you are using a flat panel display, refer to the README.DOC file on the VGA 65550 utility disk for a list of the supported displays. If your particular display is not currently listed, please contact Octagon Technical Support (303-426-4521) for assistance.

5. If you are using a SCSI hard drive, combine the video BIOS. To do this, use the copy command,

COPY /B <drive>:S64P80.DAT+SCSI.DAT VID-SCSI.DAT

Then use VID-SCSI.DAT in step 6.

6. To program the PC-500 for the appropriate monitor/display, type the following command:

<drive>:PGMVIDEO <drive>:<filename>.DAT SSD1 /P

Note The above command programs the video BIOS in SSD1. To program the video BIOS in SSD0, enter the following command:

<drive>:PGMVIDEO <drive>:<filename>.DAT SSD0 /P

The <drive> designator includes the drive and path where files are located.

7. The system displays a message similar to the following:

13-3


PGMVIDEO v1.00

Octagon Systems (c) Copyright 1996

This utility programs a new video BIOS into an SSD.

Programming the SSD1 video BIOS from the file s64p80.dat.

Video BIOS source file checksum = ea00h

Erasing the video BIOS area of SSD1.

Erase complete.

Programming the flash.

. . .

Change the BIOSDEV jumpers to use this new BIOS.

You must perform a hard reset to use this new BIOS.

8. Power off the PC-500 and attach the appropriate monitor or flat panel display. Refer to the section Connecting the monitor/display in this chapter.

≡

Connecting the monitor/display

The PC-500 supports both an analog monitor and/or a flat panel display.

The CT.COM and FP.COM programs allow you to toggle between the monitor and the flat panel. If the flat panel supports simultaneous mode, the

SM.COM program will allow you to display images from both the monitor and the flat panel at the same time. These programs are on the VGA 65550 utility disk in the \UTILS subdirectory along with other diagnostic and configuration utilities. Refer to the README.DOC file.

Analog monitor

1. The 16-position header connector at J6 supports an analog VGA color or monochrome monitor. Refer to Figure 13-2.

Figure 13-2 The PC-500 and a VGA monitor

13-4

2. Use a VGA-12 adapter cable with the standard VGA monitor.

3. Plug the VGA-12 adapter cable into J6 on the PC-500.

4. Plug the cable into the VGA cable of the monitor.

Note See the Accessories appendix for connector information on the VGA connector.


5. Enable the video BIOS jumper W2[1-2] and W4[1-2]. For more information on enabling the video BIOS according to your current SETUP and jumper state, see the Console devices chapter.

Flat panel display

Text files are located on the 65550 utility disk. These text files include wiring diagrams specific to individual flat panels. Refer to the specific text file associated with your flat panel to build your cable.

Note The maximum recommended cable length for a flat panel configuration is 18 in.

WARNING!

Before connecting your flat panel to the PC-500, check your flat panel for bias voltage requirements. By default, the

PC-500 comes with a bias voltage range of +21 to +29V.

1. Refer to the text file associated with your flat panel to determine the supply voltage.

2. Connect an adapter cable from the flat panel to the flat panel connector located at J5 on your PC-500.

3. Refer to the diagram below, Figure 13-3.

Figure 13-3 The PC-500 and a flat panel display

Note See the Accessories appendix for connector information for the flat panel connector.

Flat panels requiring bias voltage

To determine if your flat panel requires bias voltage, refer to the text file on the 65550 utility disk, which is specific to your flat panel.

13-5


The factory default configuration for the bias voltage ranges from

+21 to +29 VDC. Other bias voltage ranges and negative polarity are factory configurable. To verify bias voltage, connect a DC voltage meter input lead to J5 pin 3 and a reference lead to J5 pin 6. Pin 3 verifies the voltage level and pin 6 is used as a ground reference.


2. Run LCDBIAS.EXE.

3. A message similar to the following should appear on your display:

PhoenixBIOS(TM) A486 Version 1.03

Copyright (C) 1985-1994 Phoenix Technologies,Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

4. Press <CTRL><+> to raise the voltage or <CTRL><-> to lower the voltage. Raise or lower the voltage until you obtain a good contrast display with no washout.

To confirm the LCD bias voltage, place a voltmeter on ground at J5,

pin 6 and also on positive at J5, pin 3.

5. The VEESAFE voltage may require additional adjustments in order to obtain the proper contrast. Use LCDBIASDW or LCDBIASUP to obtain the proper contrast.

WARNING!

Since improper voltage levels can severely damage the flat panel, make sure the PC-500 is configured for the correct bias voltage before it is connected to the panel.

LCD bias control examples

To change the flat panel bias voltage inside your application, use the

INT 17h functions below.

1. LCDBIAS UP. Write the following program to move the voltage up one step: mov mov mov int ah,0eeh a1,00h dx,0ffffh

17h

; LCDBIAS control

; up

2. LCDBIAS DOWN. Write the following program to move the voltage down one step: mov mov mov int ah,0eeh a1,01h dx,0ffffh

17h

; LCDBIAS control

; down

13-6


LCD bias control examples

1. LCDBIAS UP. Write the following program to move the voltage up one step: mov mov mov int ah,0eeh a1,00h dx,0ffffh

17h

; LCDBIAS control

; up

2. LCDBIAS DOWN. Write the following program to move the voltage down one step: mov mov mov int ah,0eeh a1,01h dx,0ffffh

17h

; LCDBIAS control

; down

≡

Flat panel considerations

Jumper options are available on the PC-500 to accommodate different flat panel interfaces. W8 allows direct support of 3V and 5V flat panels.

W9 supports shift clock 180 ° out of phase. Refer to the wiring diagrams specific to your flat panel to determine the correct jumper settings. All wiring diagrams are found in the .txt files on the 65550 utility disk.

Flat panel interface voltage select: W8

The PC-500 supports flat panel interface at either 5V or 3.3V. W8[1-2] enables flat panel interface at 5V (default). W8[3-4] enables flat panel interface at 3.3V.

Table 13-2 Flat panel interface voltage select: W8

Pins

[1–2]

Description

5V*

[3–4] 3.3V


Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9

The PC-500 provides inverted shift clock signals for flat panels, such as electro-luminescent (EL) displays, at either 5V or 3.3V levels. W9[1-2] enables the PC-500 to output an inverted shift clock signal at 3.3V.

W9[3-4] enables the PC-500 to output an inverted shift clock signal at

5V (default).

13-7

CRTs and flat panels

Table 13-3 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9

Pins

[1–2]

Description

3.3V

[3–4] 5V*



13-8


Chapter 14:

PC/104 expansion

PC/104 expansion

≡

Description

This connector allows you to interface to one or two PC/104 form factor modules including hard disks, A/D converters, digital I/O, serial ports, etc. The PC-500 supports 8- and 16-bit and provides ± 12V from the power supply at P8, P9. These modules can be stacked on top of the

PC-500 to form a highly integrated control system.

Figure 14-1 Typical PC/104 module stack

WARNING!

When installing any PC/104 module, avoid excessively flexing the PC-500 board. Mate pins correctly and use the required mounting hardware.

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the PC/104 connector.

14-1

PC/104 expansion PC-500 user’s manual

14-2


Chapter 15:

SCSI

≡

Description

The PC-500 has a SCSI-2 interface, located at J12. This interface uses an Adaptec AIC-6360 SCSI host controller and has a sustained data rate of 10 MB per second in the fast SCSI-2 synchronous transfer mode. It also has parity generation and checking, noise filters, a low power mode, and ISA Bus RAM buffers.

n SCSI-2 host interface included n SCSI-2 host interface, not included standard optional

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the SCSI connector.

SCSI

≡

Reprogramming the video BIOS

When you use a SCSI hard drive, the SCSI.DAT extended BIOS must be combined with the video BIOS before you begin programming. Follow the steps outlined in the Programming the video BIOS section in the

CRTs and flat panels chapter. Refer also to the README.DOC on the

SCSI utility disk for more information.

The SCSI interface defaults to IRQ11. If necessary, the IRQ to the SCSI interface can be reconfigured. Refer to the IRQ routing and opto IRQs chapter and also to the SETIRQ.DOC on the PC-500 utility disk.

15-1

SCSI PC-500 user’s manual

15-2


Chapter 16:

Ethernet

Ethernet

≡

Description

The PC-500 provides a 10Base-T Ethernet port, located at J9. This interface is a standard feature on the PC-500 and supports the IEEE

802.3 Ethernet standard. The Ethernet controller IC chip provides the following features: n 16-bit ISA interface n 4 KB on chip buffer n integrated 10Base-T transceiver interface n four pins to determine LED status for diagnostic purposes.

The PC-500 Ethernet interface only supports the 10Base-T physical interface. This port operates at 10 MHz and uses twisted-pair wiring cable, which is built in a star configuration. The 10Base-T physical interface terminates at the standard, 8-position, RJ-45 latching phone jack which can be vertically accessed.

For more information on programming the Ethernet port, see the

README.DOC on the Ethernet utility disk. By default the Ethernet port connects to IRQ10, but can be reconfigured via the SETIRQ.DOC

program found on the PC-500 utility disk. Refer also to the IRQ routing

and opto IRQs chapter to reprogram the IRQ.

Table 16-1 Ethernet LEDs

Color/Pins CR7

Amber [1-2] Board select LED:

Activated by access to I/O space

Green [3-4] Link LED:

Activated by network link

CR8

Receive LED:

Activated by received data

Transmit LED:

Activated by transmitted data

16-1

Ethernet PC-500 user’s manual

16-2


Overview:

Section 3 – System management

Section 3 provides information on managing the PC-500 in the areas of internal control, CPU power management, and troubleshooting. The following chapters are included:

Chapter 17: Watchdog timer and hardware reset

Chapter 18: Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM

Chapter 19: Transferring files/remote disks

Chapter 20: Managing SSDs

Chapter 21: User-defined jumper

Chapter 22: CPU power management

Chapter 23: Troubleshooting


PC-500 user’s manual Watchdog timer and hardware reset

Chapter 17:

Watchdog timer and hardware reset

≡

Description

The watchdog timer is a fail-safe against program crashes or processor lockups. It times out every 1.6 seconds (1.6 sec. typical, 1.00 sec. min.,

2.25 sec. max.) unless reset by the software. The watchdog timer can be controlled through the enhanced INT 17h interface which is a built-in function on the PC-500.

≡


This section provides definitions for the following functions: Enable watchdog, Strobe watchdog, and Disable watchdog.

Enable watchdog

Function:

Subfunction:

Purpose: fdh

01h

To enable the watchdog.

Calling registers: AH fdh

AL 01h

DX ffffh

Return registers: None

Comments: This function enables the watchdog. Once the watchdog is enabled, it has to be strobed at a period of not less than 1.6 seconds or until the watchdog is disabled. Otherwise, a system reset will occur.


/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fd01h mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

}

17-1

Watchdog timer and hardware reset PC-500 user’s manual

Strobe watchdog

Function:

Subfunction:

Purpose: fdh

02h

To strobe the watchdog.


AL 02h

DX ffffh


Comments: This function strobes the watchdog. Once the watch dog is enabled, it has to be strobed at a period of not less than 1.6 seconds or until the watchdog is disabled. Otherwise, a system reset will occur.



}

The watchdog timer can also be strobed by reading address 20Ch. This may be faster than strobing the watchdog timer with an interrupts function call, for example:

A=INP(20Ch)

Disable watchdog

Function: fdh

Subfunction:

Purpose:

03h

To disable the watchdog.


AL 03h

DX ffffh


Comments: This function disables the watchdog. Once the watchdog is enabled, it has to be strobed at a period of not less than 1.6 seconds or until the watchdog is disabled. Otherwise, a system reset will occur.

17-2

PC-500 user’s manual Watchdog timer and hardware reset



}

≡

Hardware reset

The PC-500 has a button which allows you to reset the system without turning off the power. This provides a more complete reset than the

<CTRL><ALT><DEL> method. The RESET command also accomplishes the same thing as the reset button. It is also possible to issue a hardware reset through the opto-isolated inputs, either OPTOA or

OPTOB channels at J10. See the IRQ routing and opto IRQs chapter for more information on opto channels. Refer to the component diagram in the Quick start chapter for the location of the reset button.

WARNING!

When using COM1 as the console, the <CTRL><ALT> <DEL> commands on the host system keyboard only reset the host system. Use the RESET command to issue a hardware reset on the PC-500.

17-3

Watchdog timer and hardware reset PC-500 user’s manual

17-4

PC-500 user’s manual Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM

Chapter 18:

Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM

≡

Description

Up to 768 words of user-definable data can be saved in the serial

EEPROM. The serial EEPROM does not require battery backup to maintain the data when the system power is off. The serial EEPROM is easily accessible via software interrupts by most programming languages.

The calendar/clock provides the user with 128 bytes of user-defined

CMOS RAM. This RAM requires battery backup to maintain data. If a battery is not desirable, this data can be stored in serial EEPROM, written to CMOS RAM on powerup, changed and written back to serial

EEPROM.

≡


This section provides definitions for both serial EEPROM and CMOS

RAM functions. The serial EEPROM definitions include the following functions: Read a single word from serial EEPROM, Write a single word to serial EEPROM, Read multiple words from serial EEPROM, Write multiple words to serial EEPROM, and Return serial EEPROM size.

The CMOS RAM definitions include the following functions: Read extended CMOS RAM, Write extended CMOS RAM, Check CMOS battery,

Copy contents of serial EEPROM to extended CMOS RAM, and Copy contents of extended CMOS RAM to serial EEPROM.

≡

Serial EEPROM

Read a single word from the serial EEPROM

Function:

Subfunction: fch

00h

Purpose: To read a single word from the on-board serial

EEPROM.

Calling registers: AH fch

AL 00h

BX Word address (zero based)

DX ffffh (relative to user area)

18-1

Serial EEPROM and CMOS RAM PC-500 user’s manual


AX Word read


AL Error code

Comments:

Error code Meaning ffh

01h

02h

03h

Unknown error

Function not implemented

Defective serial EEPROM

Illegal access

This function reads a word from the user area of the serial EEPROM.


/* Read word 2 */ unsigned int seeData;

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fc00h mov bx,02h /* Read word 2 */ mov dx,0ffffh int 17h mov seeData,ax /* store data in c environment */

}

Write a single word to the serial EEPROM

Function: fch

Subfunction:

Purpose:

01h

To write a single word to the on-board serial

EEPROM.


AL 01h


CX Data word to write




AL Error code

Comments:


01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

This function writes a word to the user area of the serial EEPROM.

18-2



/* Write 0x1234 to word 3*/ unsigned int seeData = 0x1234;

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fc01h mov bx,03h /* Write word 3 */ mov cx,seeData /* Get write data from

c environment */ mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

}

Read multiple words from the serial EEPROM

Function: fch

Subfunction:

Purpose:

02h

To read multiple words from the on-board serial

EEPROM.


AL 02h


CX Word count


ES:DI Destination pointer


AX Word read


AL Error code

Comments:

Error Code Meaning ffh

01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

This function reads multiple words from the user area of the serial EEPROM.


/* Read 10 words starting at word 5 */ unsigned int far *seeDataPtr = new unsigned int[10];

/* Allocate storage*/

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fc02h mov bx,05h mov cx,10

/* Read starts at word 5 */

/* Read 10 words */ mov dx,0ffffh les di,seeDataPtr int 17h

}

18-3


Write multiple words to the serial EEPROM

Function: fch

Subfunction:

Purpose:

03h

To write multiple words to the on-board serial

EEPROM.


AL 03h


CX Word count

DX ffffh (user area relative address)

DS:SI Source pointer



AL Error code


01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

Comments: This function writes multiple words to the user area of the serial EEPROM.


/* Write 8 words starting at word 6*/ unsigned int far *seeDataPtr = new unsigned int[8];

/* Allocate storage*/ unsigned int far* tmpPtr = seeDataPtr; for(int i=0;i<8;i++)

*seeDataPtr = i;/* initialize data */

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { push ds mov ax,0fc03h mov bx,06h /* Write starts at word 6 */ mov cx,8 mov dx,0ffffh

/* Write 8 words */ lds si,seeDataPtr int 17h pop ds

}

Return serial EEPROM size

Function:

Subfunction: fch

04h

Purpose: To obtain the size of the on-board serial EEPROM.

18-4



AL 04h

DX ffffh


AX Size of the serial EEPROM (in words)

BX Size available to user (in words)


AL Error code

Comments:


01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

This function returns the size (in words) of the serial

EEPROM. Since the user cannot access all of the serial EEPROM, this function determines how much space is available to the user. This avoids the user from accessing unavailable addresses.

Programming example: unsigned int seeUserSize;

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fc04h mov dx,0ffffh int 17h mov seeUserSize,bx

}

≡

CMOS RAM

Read extended CMOS RAM

Function:

Subfunction: fbh

06h

Purpose: To read a single byte from the extended CMOS RAM.

Calling registers: AH fbh

AL 06h

BL CMOS index (0-127)

DX ffffh


BH CMOS data


AL Error code

18-5



01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

Comments: This function reads a single byte from the extended

CMOS RAM area.

Programming example: unsigned char cmosByteSave;

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fb06h mov bl,0 /* byte 0 */ mov dx,0ffffh int 17h mov cmosByteSave,bh

} printf("The CMOS byte read = %02x\n", cmosByteSave)

Write extended CMOS RAM

Function: fbh

Subfunction: 07h

Purpose: To write a single byte to extended CMOS RAM area.


AL 07h

BL CMOS index (0-127)

BH CMOS data

DX ffffh



AL Error code


01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

Comments: This function writes a single byte to the extended

CMOS RAM area.


/* Writes 0x44 to index 3 of extended CMOS RAM */

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */

asm { mov ax,0fb07h mov mov bl,3 bh,44h mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

/* Write byte 3 */

/* cmos data */

}

18-6


Check CMOS battery

Function: fbh

Subfunction:

Purpose:

08h

To check CMOS battery condition.


AL 08h

DX ffffh


ZF set = battery okay, ZF clear = battery bad

AL copy of CMOS register 0Eh at powerup time


AL Error code


01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

Comments: This function reports the condition of the CMOS battery. This is useful to determine if extended CMOS data (contents) should be relied upon or refreshed from

EEPROM.


/* Reports the condition of the CMOS battery */

unsigned int cmosflag;

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */

asm { int 17h mov cmosflag,al

} printf("The CMOS byte 0E at powerup time = %02x\n", cmosflag) mov ax,0fb08h mov dx,0ffffh

Copy contents of serial EEPROM to extended CMOS RAM

Function: fbh

Subfunction: 09h

Purpose: To copy contents of serial EEPROM extended CMOS storage to extended CMOS RAM.


AL 09h

DX ffffh



AL Error code

18-7



01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

Comments: This function copies the contents of the serial

EEPROM to extended CMOS RAM. The extended

CMOS can now be read/written using the 06 and 07 functions.


/* Copies contents of serial EEPROM to extended

CMOS RAM */

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fb09h mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

}

Copy contents of extended CMOS RAM to serial EEPROM

Function: fbh

Subfunction:

Purpose:

0Ah

To copy contents of the current extended CMOS

RAM data to the serial EEPROM.


AL 0Ah

DX ffffh



AL Error code


01h

02h

03h

Unknown error



Illegal access

Comments: This function copies the contents of the extended

CMOS RAM to serial EEPROM. Use the 09 function to retrieve the contents.


/* Copies contents of the extended CMOS RAM to

serial EEPROM */

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm { mov ax,0fb0Ah mov dx,0ffffh int 17h

}

18-8

PC-500 user’s manual Transferring files/remote disks

Chapter 19:

Transferring files/remote disks

≡

Transferring files between the PC-500 and your PC

Once you have established communications between your PC and the

PC-500, you can serially download files to any read/write drive used by the PC-500. You can also upload files from the PC-500 to your desktop

PC for editing and debugging.

There are two methods to download files through the serial port to the

PC-500:

1. The TRANSFER utility is used to download files, one at a time, to the

PC-500 using the XMODEM protocol. TRANSFER.EXE resides on the

PC-500 BIOS drive and on the PC-500 utility disk and is used to send or receive files via the serial port (e.g., COM1). TRANSFER.EXE uses the

XMODEM protocol, as does PC SmartLINK. (See the note below on

XMODEM).

2. REMDISK/REMSERV utilities allow access to all of the files on a remote disk drive. REMDISK.EXE and REMSERV.EXE are located on the PC-500 BIOS drive and the PC-500 utility disk. Once these programs are executed, single or multiple files can then be transferred to and from the PC-500 using DOS COPY or XCOPY commands.

TRANSFER.EXE, REMDISK.EXE and REMSERV.EXE are located on the PC-500 BIOS drive, in the DOS directory, and on the PC-500 utility disk in the \DOS directory. Refer to the Software utilities appendix for more information on these programs.

Note XMODEM only transfers files in which the file size is exactly on a 128 byte boundary. If the file size does not fall exactly on the boundary,

XMODEM automatically rounds the file size up to the next 128 byte boundary with padding characters. For example, a file with a size of

10,000 bytes, will be rounded up to 10,112 bytes, transferred, and written with the new file size. In most cases, this is not a concern, but in some instances the XMODEM padding causes problems. The padding problems become apparent when an application program is expecting a specific file size or is expecting characters other than the padding characters to be at the end of the file.

19-1

Transferring files/remote disks PC-500 user’s manual

≡

Transferring files to the PC-500

The following steps detail the procedures for transferring files from your

PC to the virtual drive on the PC-500. In order to transfer files from your PC to the PC-500, you must execute the TRANSFER program from both the PC-500 and your PC.

1. Connect a 9-pin serial cable with a null modem adapter between COM1 of your PC to COM1 of the PC-500, using a VTC-20F cable.

2. Execute the TRANSFER program from the PC-500 to receive a file from your PC.

TRANSFER /COM1 /R /V <drive>filename.ext

<drive> is the drive on the PC-500 where the file will be transferred.

/R specifies to receive a file (default).

filename.ext

is the name of the file on the PC-500 which you are receiving from your PC.

COM1 specifies the serial port on the PC-500.

/V enables “R” characters upon receiving a block and “T” upon transferring a block. Do not use /V when using a serial console.

3. Execute the TRANSFER program from your PC to send a file to the

PC-500. /S specifies send to file.

TRANSFER /COM1 /S /V <drive><path>filename.ext filename.ext

is the name of the file on the PC which you are sending to the PC-500.

Note An alternate method of transferring a file is to press <ALT><D>, when you use PC SmartLINK.

Note Transfer will time-out if the program has not been started after approximately 40 seconds. It displays the following message:

Failed to receive <drive>filename.ext

Deleting <drive>filename.ext

Also, you may speed up the transfer using the /Bnnnn switch to increase the baud rate. Example: /B57600. When you use a serial console, do not use the /B option on the PC-500. Instead, change the serial console baud rate in SETUP.

≡

Transferring files from the PC-500

In order to transfer files from your PC to the PC-500, you must execute the TRANSFER program from both the PC-500 and your PC.

19-2


1. Connect a 9-pin serial cable with a null modem adapter between COM1 of your PC to COM1 of the PC-500, using a VTC-20F cable.

2. Execute the TRANSFER program from the PC-500 to send a file to your

PC.

TRANSFER /COM1 /S /V filename.ext filename.ext

is the name of the file on the PC-500 which you are sending to your PC.

/V enables “R” characters on receiving a block and “T” on transferring a block.

/COM1 /S /V: Send in verbose mode

3. Execute the TRANSFER program from your PC to receive a file from the

PC-500.

TRANSFER /COM1 /R /V filename.ext filename.ext

is the name of the file on the PC which you are receiving from the PC-500.

/COM1 /R /V: Receive in verbose mode

Note Transfer will time-out if the program has not been started after approximately 40 seconds. It displays the following message:

Failed to receive <drive>filename.ext

Deleting <drive>filename.ext

Also, you may speed up the transfer using the /Bnnnn switch to increase the baud rate. Example: /B57600.

≡

Downloading files to the PC-500 using PC SmartLINK

The following information on downloading files between the PC-500 and your PC uses the example program DEMO.EXE. This file is on the

PC-500 utility disk in the \DEMO directory.

The following procedures assume you are using PC SmartLINK. For other communication programs, refer to those programs instructions for performing Xmodem file transfer to a target system.

Hardware and software requirements: n Desktop PC, running PC SmartLINK, connected by a VTC-20F cable and a null modem adapter to COM1 of the PC-500.

19-3


1. Connect the equipment according to the following diagram:

Figure 19-1 Downloading files using TRANSFER.EXE

19-4

2. Start PC SmartLINK and power on the PC-500.

Note PC SmartLINK is a DOS application. File transfer problems will occur when running in Windows. If you are using Windows on your PC, restart the PC in MS-DOS mode before running SmartLINK.

3. Execute the TRANSFER.EXE program from the PC-500 by entering:

PC500 C:\> TRANSFER DEMO.EXE

The following message is displayed from the PC-500:

Receiving DEMO.EXE . . .

4. Execute the following steps using PC SmartLINK: n Press <ALT><D> to enter the download screen.

n Type in the name of the file to transfer, e.g.:

C:\MPC\DEMO\DEMO.EXE

n To begin the transfer:

— either press ENTER (default download START);

— tab to START;

— click on the START button in the download screen.

n When the file transfer is completed, press <ESC> twice to return to the main PC SmartLINK screen.

Note TRANSFER.EXE will time-out if the program has not been started after approximately 40 seconds. If the time-out occurs, the following message from the PC-500 is displayed:


Failed to receive DEMO.EXE!

Deleting DEMO.EXE

6. When the file transfer is complete, type the following DOS command to view the drive directory and confirm that your file has been transferred to the PC-500:

PC500 C:\> DIR

The system will display the contents of drive contents:

Volume in drive is <label>

Directory of <drive>:\

DEMOEXE 27264 06-07-96 2:57p

1 file(s) 27264 bytes

7. To execute the program you have just, downloaded type:

PC500 C:\> DEMO

The DEMO program displays a message on your PC.

≡

Remote disks

Downloading files to the PC-500 using REMDISK/REMSERV

The following represents a method of using REMDISK/REMSERV with

PC-500 with one serial cable.

Refer to the Software utilities appendix for specific information on using

REMDISK.EXE and REMSERV.EXE

PC-500 with one serial cable

Hardware and software requirements: n Desktop PC, running REMSERV, connected by a VTC-20F cable and a null modem adapter to COM1.

n A PC-500 system, including a keyboard, and VGA monitor, running

REMDISK from COM1.

19-5


1. Connect the equipment and load the appropriate software on each system as per the following diagram:

Figure 19-2 Downloading files to the PC-500 with one serial cable using

REMDISK/REMSERV

19-6

2. On the PC-500 system, execute REMDISK.EXE by entering:

PC500 C:\> REMDISK

The following message is displayed on the PC-500 monitor:

Remote Disk v1.0


All rights reserved.

Installed as Drive F: /COM1 /B115+ /T3

Note REMDISK assigns the remote drive as the last drive in the system. In this case, drive F: was assigned.

3. Execute REMSERV.EXE on the desktop PC:

C:\> REMSERV C:

The following message is displayed on the PC:

REMSERV v1.0


All rights reserved.

Using COM1 at 115K+ baud. Accessing Drive C:

Time-out is 2 seconds

Press <Esc> to Exit.(There may be a delay before exit occurs)

4. Files are transferred to the PC-500 read/write drives by using the DOS

COPY and XCOPY commands. From the PC-500 system, enter:


PC500 C:\> COPY F:\MPC\PC500\DEMO.EXE

PC500 C:\> DIR

PC500 C:\> DEMO.EXE

The DEMO program displays a message on the PC-500 monitor.

5. When finished, on the PC-500 system, execute:

PC500 C:\> REMDISK /U

This unloads REMDISK from the desktop PC.

6. On the desktop PC, press <ESC> to exit REMSERV.

19-7


19-8


Chapter 20:

Managing SSDs

Managing SSDs

≡

PICO FA flash file system

By default the PICO FA extended BIOS is loaded at system boot. A message similar to the following is displayed on your screen as the system boots each PICO FA drive found:

PhoenixBIOS(TM) A486 Version x.xx

Copyright (C) 1985-1994

Phoenix Technologies, Ltd.

The PICO FA extended BIOS allows the PC-500 to boot from the flash file system on-board the PC-500. These drives are “simulated” hard drives that look like a standard hard drive on a PC. In some instances it will be necessary to disable the PICO FA extended BIOS. This is done by removing jumper W4[3-4]. W4[3-4] works with the D8000-

DFFFF ROM enable in SETUP. Octagon recommends that you use this jumper to disable or enable the PICO FA BIOS region and leave the

D8000-DFFF ROMSETSSD enabled in SETUP as the default.

Note When installing Windows 95 or Windows NT operating system, it is necessary to disable the PICO FA flash file system.

Phoenix’s PICO FA™ includes an extended BIOS (PICOFA.IMG), a device driver (PICOFA.SYS), a format utility (PFORMAT.EXE), and a test utility (TESTRFA.EXE).

Use the device driver PICOFA.SYS to access SSDs when booting from a floppy or hard drive, when the extended BIOS (PICOFA.IMG) is disabled.

≡

Defining SSDs using SETSSD

The following examples demonstrate how to define SSD drive order: n To set SSD0 first and SSD1 second, enter the following command:


Note SSD0 is C: and SSD1 is D:. Drive designators will change depending on the SETSSD settings.

n To set SSD1 first and SSD0 second, enter the following command:


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Managing SSDs PC-500 user’s manual

Note In the above example SSD1 is C: and SSD0 is D:. Drive designators will change depending on the SETSSD settings.

n To use only SSD1, enter the following command:

PC500 C:\> SETSSD SSD1

If there are other hard drives on the system, add the /before option to place the order of the SSDs before the hard drives, or add the /after option to place the SSDs after the hard drives. For example, n To set SSD0 as the first drive, SSD1 as the second drive, and an IDE drive as the third drive, enter the following command:

PC500 C:\> SETSSD SSD0 SSD1 /before n To set the IDE drive as first in order, SSD1 as second, and SSD0 as third, enter the following command:

PC500 C:\> SETSSD SSD1 SSD0 /after

In the last example, the IDE drive is C:, SSD1 is D: and SSD0 is E:.

Other drive letter designations may be added by device drivers (such as

VDISK.SYS), which are in the CONFIG.SYS file on the boot drive.

The boot drive is based upon the drive order set by the SETSSD command and by SETUP's “boot sequence” option. If the boot sequence is set to “A: THEN C:,” the system will look for a floppy diskette in drive

A:. If a diskette is not installed, or a floppy is not defined, the boot drive will be the first drive specified in the SETSSD command. If the boot sequence is set to “C: ONLY,” the check for a diskette is bypassed.

Note The SETSSD parameters may also be overwritten by removing the

USESETUP jumper and resetting the system. If the parameters specified at the PICO FA first/second drive prompt are different from the previous SETSSD command, and you answered “No” to the “Save” prompt, the SETSSD output will not be accurate. Therefore, we recommend that you answer “Yes” to the save option to prevent confusion.

Note After you run SETSSD and the drive order has changed, the new parameters will take effect after a reset.

The drive order affects the number entered at the PFORMAT Hn command. See the Using PFORMAT to format an SSD section in this chapter.

≡

Using PFORMAT to format an SSD

Formatting SSD1

This section describes how to format SSD1.

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PC-500 user’s manual Managing SSDs

WARNING!

Reformatting SSD1 requires the use of a floppy or a hard disk to restore system files.

1. Define the SSD order with the SETSSD command. Since the command input varies depending upon the parameters you need to enter, see the

SETSSD command in the Software utilities appendix.

2. To begin formatting SSD1, execute PFORMAT as follows:

PC500 C:\> PFORMAT Hn where n is the hard drive sequence number. This number includes IDE drives and SSDs.

For example, if you have 0 IDE drives and SETSSD shows:

[HDDs] SSD0 SSD1 then enter:

PC500 C:\> PFORMAT H1

On the other hand, if you have 1 IDE drive, enter:

PC500 C:\> PFORMAT H2

Note If the drive had not been formatted previously, reset the system before accessing the drive. This allows DOS to recognize the drive and add a letter designation to it.

Note PFORMAT.EXE must be downloaded from the PC-500 utility disk. This file is located in the \UTILS directory.

Note PFORMAT.EXE will not format IDE/ATA drives.

≡

Using SYS to make an SSD bootable

Adding operating system startup files (using SYS)

To add the system files, issue the following operating systems command:

C:\> SYS d: where d: specifies the drive letter.

For example, if your system has 1 IDE drive, and SETSSD shows

“[HDDs] SSD0 SSD1,” then SSD1 should be drive E:. To SYS this drive, use the “SYS d:” command.

Note SYS.COM must be downloaded from the PC-500 utility disk. This file is located in the \DOS directory.

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Managing SSDs PC-500 user’s manual

Note If you are adding the MS-DOS operating system to SSD1, you must first boot from an MS-DOS bootable device (floppy or hard drive).

Note If you are not booting from ROM-DOS, and wish to SYS ROM-DOS back to the drive, the SYS command requires you to issue the following ROM-

DOS commands: COMMAND.COM, ROM-DOS.SYS and SYS.COM.

≡

Changing boot SSD

Autoexecuting your application

This section describes how to autoexecute your application.

1. To autoexecute your application in SSD1, use the SETSSD command to define your SSD as the boot device. Since you need to define the order of SSD1 as the first of the SSDs (and before any IDE drives), enter the following command:

PC500 C:\>SETSSD SSD1 SSD0 /before

2. Add your application to SSD1, and modify the AUTOEXEC.BAT program to include your application.

3. Reset the system. SSD1 is now drive C: and your application should begin execution.

Note If the SETUP option “Boot Sequence” is set to “A: THEN C:”, remove any floppy in drive A: before resetting the system.

Note The SETSSD options are not used when W2[9-10] is not jumpered.

≡

Using SETSSD and TESTRFA to test an SSD

To test SSD0 and SSD1 (i.e., destroying all drive data on the SSD1), follow the steps below:

1. Run SETSSD.EXE to determine which socket to use with TESTRFA.

The socket (either 0 or 1) depends on the order of the SSDs. The first

SETSSD’ SSD is socket 0 and the second SSD is socket 1. To configure the order of the SSDs, see the Defining SSDs using SETSSD section in this chapter.

For example, running SETSSD with no parameters may give the following output:

PC500 C:> SETSSD

[FDDs] SSD1 SSD0 [HDDs]

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PC-500 user’s manual Managing SSDs

In the above example, SSD1 is the first SSD which means TESTRFA is socket 0, and SSD0 is the second SSD which means TESTRFA is socket 1.

2. Execute TESTRFA /Sn where n is the socket determined in step 1. For

SSD0 in the above example, enter:

TESTRFA /S1 /E

For SSD1 in the above example, enter:

TESTRFA /S0 /E

≡

Making copies of the PC-500 SSD

GETIMG.EXE is used to capture an image from an existing PICO FA drive. This is used to program SSD drives on other target systems from one “development” system.

1. To make a copy of the PC-500 to a local file, enter:

GETIMG SSD1 <filename>

2. To make a copy of the PC-500 SSD to a remote file: a. Establish serial communications between the PC-500 and the desktop PC using SmartLINK.

b. On the PC-500 enter:

GETIMG SSD1 <filename>/COM1 c. On the desktop PC:, exit SmartLINK by pressing <ALT><X> and then enter:

GETIMGH <filename>/COM1 d. Write the image, <filename>, to the host drive.

≡

Programming copies of the PC-500 SSD

PGMIMG.EXE is used to program an image from an existing PICO FA drive to other SSDs on target systems.

1. Run GETIMG.EXE to make a copy of the PC-500 SSD to a local file or

GETIMGH.EXE to make a copy of the PC-500 SSD to a remote file.

Refer to the above section, Making copies of the PC-500 SSD.

2. To program a copy of the PC-500 image to a target system from a host system:

20-5

Managing SSDs PC-500 user’s manual a. Establish serial communications between the PC-500 and the desktop PC using SmartLINK.

b. On the PC-500, enter:

PGMIMG SSD1 <filename>/COM1 c. On the desktop PC:, exit SmartLINK by pressing

<ALT><X> and then enter:

PGMIMGH <filename>/COM1

Write the image, <filename>, to the host drive.

≡

Programming a new BIOS into SSD1

To program a new BIOS into SSD1, issue one of the following commands:

PGMBIOS filename SSD1 or

PGMBIOS SSD0 SSD1

Note You may need to use the /P option when issuing the PGMBIOS command if the BIOSDEV jumper W2[5-6] is set to boot from the SSD being programmed.

You can create a new BIOS file (for adding your own extended BIOS), by running MAKEBIOS.BAT from the utility disk.

To boot using the new BIOS in SSD1, be certain that W2[5-6] is jumpered. To boot using BIOS in SSD0, be certain that W2[5-6] is not jumpered.

≡

Programming the video BIOS into an SSD

SSD0 and SSD1 can also contain the video BIOS. If you choose to use a monitor other than the default or flat panel display, you can reprogram the video BIOS by entering the following:

<drive>:PGMVIDEO <drive>:S64P80.DAT SSD1 /P

For a complete description on programming the video BIOS, see the

Programming the video BIOS section in the CRTs and flat panel

displays chapter. Refer also to this support command in the

Software utilities appendix.

20-6


Chapter 21:

User-defined jumper

User-defined jumper

≡

User-defined jumper

Jumpers W3[9-10](UA) and W4[5-6](UB) are user-defined jumpers. For program direction, read these jumpers by code in your program.

Table 21-1 User option jumper: W3


[9–10]* UA User option jumper A

* = default

Table 21-2 User option jumper: W4


[5–6]* UB User option jumper B

* = default

Read jumpers

This section provides the definition for the Read jumpers function.

Function: fbh

Subfunction:

Purpose:

0Bh

To read the on-board jumper settings.

Calling registers: Ah fbh

AL 0Bh

DX ffffh

Return registers: AL Jumper information bit state

3

2

1

0

7

6

5

4

Not used

Not used

Not used

Not used

Not used

Not used



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User-defined jumper PC-500 user’s manual

Comments: This function returns the jumper settings.


/* The following example program reads the user defined jumpers */ unsigned char jumpers;

/* Inline assembly code for Borland C++ 3.1 */ asm {

mov

mov

int mov

} ax,0fb0bh dx,0ffffh

17h jumpers, al if(jumpers & A) /* look at bit 0*/

printf("User jumper UA installed\n); else

printf("User jumper UA not installed\n); if (jumpers & B)

printf("User jumper UB installed\n); else

printf("User jumper UB not installed\n);

21-2


Chapter 22:

CPU power management

CPU power management

≡

Description

The power demands of a system can severely limit an application due to thermal constraints or the raw power usage in a battery-operated application. In order to maintain speed and efficiency, a softwarecontrolled, power management system must be tailored to the application. Even if your application is operating within specified limits, a power management system may improve the life and reliability of your system by reducing thermal stress to the CPU.

The advance power management functions include: n SUSPEND/RESUME operation via SMI input and software n Slowing down the CPU by dividing the clock n Contextual Save to Disk

Power management can be enabled in the PC-500 SETUP program and is adjusted with the PMISETUP program. DOS-supplied advanced power management (APM) programs, such as POWER.EXE are also supported. See the PC-500 utility disk for a list of example programs located in the \EXAMPLES directory. For more information on using the SETUP utility, refer to the SETUP programs chapter. For more information on using the PMISETUP utility, see the PMISETUP section later in this chapter.

≡

Power management overview

Power management is implemented via the software management interface (SMI) function, and provides multiple levels of management.

The firmware is also capable of cooperative power management with an

APM compatible driver or application, such as POWER.EXE. Cooperative power management allows power aware applications to control the power state of the system without depending on interrupts or device access to indicate that the CPU is actively executing application code.

At the hardware level, the power management system cannot detect

CPU activity except by monitoring bus activity such as interrupts or access to specific memory or I/O address ranges.

The hardware is capable of minimal levels of power management without interacting with the firmware at all. Once configured by the firmware, the DOZE timer and the CPU activity monitor (cool-down clocking mechanism) can slow the system clock to reduce power consumption.

The DOZE timer monitors specific bus activity and reduces the system clock after periods of inactivity. The CDC mechanism simply guarantees that the CPU spends some specified portion of time at a reduced clock speed, either due to DOZE mode of firmware controlled reduced clock mode, or by forcing cool-down periods if neither of these occur.

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CPU power management PC-500 user’s manual

In a stand-alone environment (no APM software active), the firmware works in conjunction with the hardware timers and monitoring functions to identify periods when certain devices or the entire system are inactive. Individual timers are supported for specific devices, including the hard disk, floppy disk and serial ports. Whenever these devices are not accessed for a specified period, they are powered down to reduce system power consumption. Whenever none of the monitored system devices has been accessed for a specified period of time, the performance of the system is reduced or the system is stopped altogether to further reduce power consumption.

In a cooperative environment, devices are still controlled by the firmware, but the CPU is never slowed or stopped without the consent of the

APM software. Rather, the firmware notifies the software when a timer has expired or some other event has occurred which should place the system in a reduced power mode. The APM software polls the firmware for such events. Once an event has occurred, the software initiates the reduced power mode by acknowledging the event back to the firmware.

The firmware then initiates the reduced power mode. The APM software can inquire “APM aware” applications to ensure that the reduced power mode is acceptable.

≡

Hardware controlled modes

The firmware assumes that keyboard, disk, and video access should prevent the system from entering DOZE mode. In addition, specific interrupts can be configured to reset the DOZE timer. DOZE mode is typically a reduced clock operation, but a stopped-clock mode is also supported. If the slow-clock mode is selected, the CPU clock is slowed from 33 MHz to 8 MHz. If stopped-clock mode is selected, the secondary

DOZE timer is configured to restart the CPU clock whenever the timer interrupt occurs. This allows the CPU to maintain the system clock while in stopped-clock mode even though the CPU clock remains stopped for more than 90% of the time.

The CPU activity monitor (cool-down clocking mechanism) is intended to prevent thermal run-away in low airflow environments. It essentially counts the time that the CPU operates in full-speed mode and the time spent in reduced clock mode. If full-speed mode is maintained for a period of time that could cause excessive heat build-up, then the clock is reduced for a cool-down period to maintain an equilibrium level. The

CPU clock is shifted from 33 MHz to 16.5 MHz for a pre-determined amount of time, back to 33 MHz, and then the CDC cycle begins again.

≡

Device power management

The hard disk, floppy disk, and serial ports are power managed on an individual basis. For each device, the firmware configures a hardware timer that is reset each time the device is accessed. When the device goes unaccessed for the duration of the timer, an SMI is generated to notify the firmware that the device is inactive. The firmware can then

SUSPEND that device.

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PC-500 user’s manual CPU power management

Before a device is SUSPENDed, or powered down, its context is saved in memory so that it can be restored to its active state when it is powered up. The timer is disabled on SUSPEND to prevent repetitive triggering, and the chipset is configured to generate another SMI when the device is accessed again. That SMI allows the firmware to restore power to the device and restore its context.

After the device power is restored by a triggering event, such as a keyboard stroke, the access SMI is disabled and the timer is restarted.

This cycle may then be repeated. The status of each device is maintained to ensure that a powered-down device is not accessed for powerdown repeatedly.

Devices other than the disks and serial ports are not monitored for activity, but can be individually powered down in reduced power states at the system level.

≡

System power management

At the system level, power management is very similar to the device level management, with a couple of exceptions. Cooperative management is supported, allowing an APM driver, such as POWER.EXE, to control the actual power state transitions. This is done by identifying power management events and reporting them to the APM driver via a polling mechanism. Power state transitions then occur at the request of the APM driver. Individual device states in the various system power states can be configured via CMOS locations to the extent at which the firmware has the ability to control them. For example, the video can remain ON during STANDBY, which makes STANDBY mode more transparent to the user, or it can be powered OFF during STANDBY to further reduce power. The parallel port may be powered OFF in

STANDBY, or remain ON in STANDBY and powered OFF in SUS-

PEND, but on return to full speed it must be powered ON because there is no access SMI available. The disks and serial ports, on the other hand, may remain powered OFF after the system RESUMEs and can be powered ON when accessed.

The IDLE timer can be reset by numerous sources, including device accesses and interrupts. Note that it is possible for the IDLE timer configuration to be of shorter duration than the device timers. This means that the system can be deemed IDLE even though some of the devices are still active. When this occurs, the device power states are set according to their configuration in CMOS.

Note that the APM interface prevents the system from entering

STANDBY or SUSPEND modes directly. These modes will be entered, but that will occur through the APM interface (INT 15h) at the request of the APM driver.

SUSPEND mode is the lowest power state that the system can attain while still powered. The CPU clock is stopped and all controllable devices are powered down. Because the devices are powered down and the CPU is not running, only an external event can cause the system to

22-3


RESUME normal operation. These events include the SUSPEND/

RESUME input (J10[3-4], OPTOB), the COM2 RI signal (Ring Indicator), and interrupts from selected sources located in the .PMI file. The devices which are powered ON when the system RESUMEs are specified in

CMOS, loaded from the .PMI file. Devices which do not have associated access SMIs, must be powered up. In addition, since the CPU was stopped, the system time must be updated. If an APM driver is operating, it has the responsibility of updating the time when notified to do so. Otherwise, the firmware will update the DOS compatible system time if configured to do so. For operating systems with DOS compatible system clocks, this function should be disabled in CMOS. Since the clock does not run in

SUSPEND mode and the system is not restarted by IRQ0 to maintain the time of day, the time must be reset when the system resumes. Normally, the BIOS can read the actual time from the real time clock and restore the operating system’s timer from that value. However, some operating systems do not support the update methods utilized by the BIOS for this function. The time update can be enabled or disabled using the PC-500

SETUP program. In SETUP, the following options are available:

Power Management:

DOZE Clock (Slow, Stop):

ENABLED or DISABLED

SLOW or STOP

Time Updated After Suspend: ENABLED or DISABLED

How to initiate the SUSPEND/RESUME option

1. In PC-500 SETUP and in a .PMI file, enable power management and select the following options:

SETUP:

Power Management:


Time Updated After Suspend:

ENABLED

SLOW

ENABLED

TEST.PMI file: pmi-enable=Y Enables the power management

2. If SUSPEND is to be generated by: n A time-out, then in the same .PMI file, set the time delay, in minutes, for the “suspend-delay” option.

TEST.PMI file: suspend-delay=xx Sets delay time before SUSPEND

(x=0-31 minutes) n The external SUSPEND/RESUME signal, refer to the Reset and remote

suspend/resume section in this chapter for signal requirements to be applied to J10.

22-4


3. In the same .PMI file, select any signal that will cause the system to resume. The options include IRQs, COM2 RI, and External PMI signal

(EPMI), J10. Refer to the IRQ routing and opto IRQs chapter for the

EPMI connection and signal requirements.

The input used depends upon the ISP setup. The following are the default signals at J10:

J10[1-2] OPTOA PMI

J10[3-4] OPTOB SUSPEND/RESUME

TEST.PMI file: irq1-resume-reset=Y irq4-resume-reset=Y

RI-resume-reset=Y

RI-transitions=5

EPMI-resume-reset=Y

Enables RESUME if IRQ1 occurs

(keyboard input)

Enables RESUME if IRQ4 occurs

(COM1 input)

Enables RESUME if RI occurs

(COM2 ring indicator)

Specifies number of RI transitions

(n) for RESUME (COM2 ring indicator)

Enables RESUME if EPMI occurs

(external PMI signal)

4. Load the .PMI file changes by including the .PMI file on the PMISETUP command line. PMISETUP is located in the \UTILS directory:

PC500 C:\> PMISETUP TEST.PMI

5. Hardware reset the system for the PMISETUP options to take effect.

The PC-500 system is now ready for SUSPEND/RESUME.

6. Initiate a SUSPEND/RESUME input signal at J10[3-4] or allow the

“suspend-delay” timer to expire. Refer to the IRQ routing and opto

IRQs chapter for the EPMI connection and signal requirements.

7. The PC-500 system enters the SUSPEND mode, powering down any devices that can be powered down.

8. A system RESUME is generated by any event defined in the .PMI file or the when an external RESUME signal is applied at J10[3-4]. If a VGA monitor is attached, the video will return. If a hard drive is attached, the drive will not spin up until accessed.

Note The default signals at J10 are [1-2] PMI and [3-4] SUSPEND/RESUME.

These signals may be changed by reprogramming the IRQ matrix. See the IRQ routing and OPTO IRQs chapter for more information on the

IRQ matrix.

WAKEIRQ8.EXE is a sample TSR that wakes the CPU, using the

CMOS clock, from SUSPEND mode after a 30 second delay.

WAKEIRQ8.EXE and WAKEIRQ8 files are available in the

\EXAMPLES directory on the PC-500 utility disk.

22-5


Refer to the default .PMI file in the Power management configuration section in this chapter for all of the power management options.

STANDBY mode is similar to hardware DOZE mode, except that it is firmware controlled and devices may be power managed as well as the

CPU clock. STANDBY is controlled by software, such as POWER.EXE.

Since the CPU may still be executing in STANDBY mode, access events may RESUME the system in addition to external inputs, such as interrupts. The firmware must configure the chipset to report these events to the firmware via an SMI. This allows the hardware to restore the CPU clock while notifying the firmware to restore power to the managed devices. On RESUME from STANDBY mode, all devices which cannot generate an access SMI are powered up and those which can generate an access SMI are powered up if specified in CMOS. Any device access or specified interrupt can cause the system to RESUME.

How to initiate the STANDBY option

1. In the PC-500 SETUP and in a .PMI file, enable power management and select the following options:

SETUP:

Power Management:



ENABLED

SLOW

ENABLED

TEST.PMI: pmi-enable=Y Enables the power management standby-delay=xx Sets delay time before STANDBY

(x=0-31 minutes) fdd-to=xx hdd-to=xx

Sets the on-card (LPT1) floppy disk drive time-out value (x=0-31 minutes)

Sets the hard drive time-out value

(x=0-31 minutes)

COM1-to=xx

COM2-to=xx

Sets the COM1 time-out value (x=0-31 minutes)


Set the time delay, in minutes, for the “standby-delay” option and devices to be powered down, such as drives and serial ports.

Note The hard drive and floppy drives are actually controlled by firmware and not by software such as POWER.EXE. The floppy must be on-card, controlled from the LPT1 port.

2. In the same .PMI file, select any signal that will cause the system to resume. The options only include IRQs.

22-6


TEST.PMI file: irq1-standby-reset=Y irq3-standby-reset=Y irq4-standby-reset=Y irq5-standby-reset=Y irq6-standby-reset=Y irq7-standby-reset=Y

Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ1 occurs





Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ7 occurs irq8-standby-reset=Y Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ8 occurs irq14-standby-reset=Y Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ14 occurs




The PC-500 system is now ready to enter the STANDBY mode.

5. Initiate APM software, such as POWER.EXE.

6. The PC-500 system enters the SUSPEND mode as determined by the

APM software, powering down any devices that can be powered down.

7. A system RESUME is generated by any event defined in the .PMI file or when an external RESUME signal is applied. If a VGA monitor is attached, the video will return. If a hard drive is attached, the drive will not spin up until accessed.

Refer to the default .PMI file in the Power management configuration section in this chapter for all of the power management options.

≡

Save to disk

The firmware provides an additional SUSPEND mode which supports removal of system power. This mode is initiated through software or by the external power management input. In this mode, the context of the entire system is saved on the hard disk so that it can be restored completely when power is restored to the system. The system context includes all of the system memory, video memory, and the states of the hardware registers in all devices (interrupt controllers, DMA controllers, serial ports, keyboard controller, etc.). The firmware can only save and restore devices of which it is “aware”, meaning those that are on-board and most standard VGA video controllers. This function may not be

22-7

CPU power management PC-500 user’s manual fully functional for some extended system configurations. This function will only work with a hard drive and not with the on-board SSD flash drive or with a flash drive card.

After a Save To Disk function has been completed, the system must be reset to restore the context. After saving the context of the system to disk, all devices are powered down and the CPU is SUSPENDed. The validity of the system context on the hard disk is identified by marking a bit in the configuration EEPROM. On the next system reset, the validity of the context is checked in EEPROM and, if valid, is restored to the system memory and devices.

In order for the Save to Disk function to execute, the hard disk must be prepared using the PHDISK.EXE program. A special partition is saved on the disk which must be big enough to hold the system context. Generally speaking, this means the size of the installed system memory

(typically 1 to 17 MB DRAM) plus the size of the video memory (typically 512 KB to 1 MB). However, a larger partition may be created in order to support additional system memory to be added at a later time.

WARNING!

PHDISK.EXE provides the same function as FDISK but also creates a special partition for the Save to Disk option. Only use a hard drive which any existing data can be destroyed.

The Save To Disk function may be disabled. If it is disabled, then the power management firmware will, upon detection of the external PMI signal (J10[3-4]), execute an interrupt 15h with register AX set to

0AA55h and register DX set to 1234h. This indicates a power down request when the PMI input signal is generated. PFHINT15.EXE is a sample TSR that prints “PFH” to the screen when the PMI signal is generated but the “save to disk” option is disabled. The

PFHINT15.EXE and PFHINT15.CPP files are located in the

\EXAMPLES directory on the PC-500 utility disk.

How to initiate the save to disk option

1. Use PHDISK.EXE, located in the \UTILS directory on the PC-500 utility disk, to prepare the hard drive.

2. In PC-500 SETUP and in a .PMI file, enable power management and select the following options:

SETUP:

Power Management:



ENABLED

SLOW

ENABLED

22-8


TEST.PMI: pmi-enable=Y save-to-disk=Y pfh-enable=Y pfh-reset=N

Enables the power management

Enables save to disk feature

Enables power fail option

Disables power fail reset




The PC-500 system is now ready to Save to Disk.

5. Initiate a PMI input signal at J10[1-2]. Refer to the IRQ routing and

opto IRQs chapter for the PMI connection and signal generation.

Note The default signals at J10 are [1-2] PMI and [3-4] SUSPEND/RESUME signal. These signals may be changed by reprogramming the IRQ matrix. See the IRQ routing and opto irqs chapter for more information on the IRQ matrix.

6. The system now performs a contextual save, saving all relevant information to the special disk partition.

7. The system will respond with “Please turn off your computer.” Power down the system. The CPU enters SUSPEND mode. The validity of the system context on the hard disk is identified by marking a bit in the configuration EEPROM.

8. When the system is powered on, the validity of the context is checked in

EEPROM. If valid, the system’s context is restored to the system memory and devices, back to where it was before the PMI signal was generated.

≡

Power management configuration

The power management functions can be globally enabled or disabled in

CMOS. The PC-500 SETUP.EXE and PMISETUP.EXE utilities provide an option for enabling or disabling power management.

Enabling power management

Whichever utility, SETUP or PMISETUP, is configured and saved (or loaded) last, that configuration is used for enabling or disabling power management. In other words, if the power management option is disabled in SETUP and then later a .PMI file which shows pmi-enable = Y is loaded with PMISETUP, the power management option in SETUP will now show power management as being enabled.

In PC-500 SETUP, the following options are available:

Power Management:



ENABLED or DISABLED

SLOW or STOP

ENABLED or DISABLED

22-9


In a .PMI file, the following option is available: pmi-enable=Y/N Disables/enables the power management code

System timers

The system timers define the delays associated with power state transitions in the system. Three managed system power modes (in addition to full on) are supported, DOZE, STANDBY, and SUSPEND. Individual timers for system devices, including floppy disk, hard disk, and serial ports are also provided. The timers are described below:

In a .PMI file, the following options are available: fdd-to=xx Sets the on-card (LPT1) floppy disk drive time-out value (x=0-31 minutes) hdd-to=xx

COM1-to=xx

Sets the hard drive time-out value (x=0-31 minutes)


COM2-to=xx doze-delay=x


Sets DOZE time-out before STANDBY(x=0,2,8 seconds) standby-delay=xx Sets delay time before STANDBY (x=0-31 minutes) suspend-delay=xx Sets delay time before SUSPEND (x=0-31 minutes)

Doze timer enable and resets

The DOZE mode may be selected to be a SLOW clock or STOP clock mode and is determined in power management SETUP. Numerous sources may reset the DOZE timer, preventing entry to DOZE mode. The BIOS assumes that video, floppy, hard disk, and keyboard accesses should all reset the DOZE timer. In addition, various interrupts can be configured to reset the timer. DOZE timer 0 is used for all DOZE reset selections. DOZE timer 1 is used for the special case of the timer interrupt in a STOP clock mode. In this mode, DOZE timer 1 is configured for a 4 millisecond timeout, with only IRQ0 configured to reset DOZE timer 1. This allows the

CPU to resume normal operation for 4 mS on each IRQ0 in order to maintain the time of day.

In the PC-500 SETUP, the following options are available:

Power Management:



ENABLED or DISABLED

SLOW or STOP

ENABLED or DISABLED

Interrupts that reset DOZE are configured in a .PMI file: irq0-reset-doze=Y/N irq3-reset-doze=Y/N

Enables reset of DOZE clock if IRQ0 occurs


22-10

PC-500 user’s manual CPU power management irq4-reset-doze=Y/N irq5-reset-doze=Y/N irq7-reset-doze=Y/N irq8-reset-doze=Y/N irq12-reset-doze=Y/N irq13-reset-doze=Y/N







IDLE timer resets

The IDLE timer monitors system activity to prevent the system from entering STANDBY or SUSPEND modes if bus activity indicates that the system is busy. Access to these devices will also cause the system to

RESUME from STANDBY mode. The bus activities that are monitored are configured in a .PMI file:

EPMI-reset-idle=Y/N

LCD-reset-idle=Y/N

COM1-reset-idle=Y/N

COM2-reset-idle=Y/N

LPT-reset-idle=Y/N

KBD-reset-idle=Y/N

FDD-reset-idle=Y/N

HDD-reset-idle=Y/N

Enables reset of IDLE timer if EPMI occurs

LCD/VGA access resets IDLE timer

Enables reset of IDLE timer if COM1 access occurs


Enables reset of IDLE timer if LPT access occurs

Enables reset of IDLE timer if Keyboard access occurs

Enables reset of IDLE timer if Floppy Disk

Drive access occurs

Enables reset of IDLE timer if Hard Disk

Drive access occurs

Interrupts in the system can also reset the IDLE timer to prevent entry into reduced power modes. These interrupts should be enabled to reset the IDLE timer if they indicate that the system is active. The interrupts to reset the IDLE timer are configured in a .PMI file: irq0-reset-idle=Y/N irq1-reset-idle=Y/N irq3-reset-idle=Y/N irq4-reset-idle=Y/N irq5-reset-idle=Y/N irq6-reset-idle=Y/N irq7-reset-idle=Y/N irq8-reset-idle=Y/N irq9-reset-idle=Y/N irq10-reset-idle=Y/N

Enables reset of IDLE clock if IRQ0 occurs










22-11

CPU power management PC-500 user’s manual irq11-reset-idle=Y/N irq12-reset-idle=Y/N irq13-reset-idle=Y/N irq14-reset-idle=Y/N irq15-reset-idle=Y/N






RESUME from STANDBY

The events which can resume the system from STANDBY mode to full power can also be selected. Access to the primary devices can resume the system if access to those devices are selected to reset the IDLE timer. In addition, interrupts can be selected to resume the system from STANDBY mode. The interrupts to resume from STANDBY are configured in a .PMI

file: irq0-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ0 occurs irq1-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ1 occurs irq3-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ3 occurs irq4-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ4 occurs irq5-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ5 occurs irq6-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ6 occurs irq7-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ7 occurs irq8-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ8 occurs irq9-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ9 occurs irq10-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ10 occurs irq11-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ11 occurs irq12-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ12 occurs irq13-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ13 occurs irq14-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ14 occurs irq15-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ15 occurs

When the system resumes from STANDBY mode, the CPU clock is restored to full speed. In addition, some or all of the devices are restored to full power. The video (if suspended in STANDBY mode) and parallel port, are always powered up. The following devices may be held in SUSPEND until they are accessed: n COM1 n COM2 n On-board floppy disk (LPT1 port) n Hard disk

22-12


RESUME from SUSPEND

SUSPEND mode is the lowest power mode supported by power management. In this mode all devices are powered down and the CPU is placed in

SUSPEND mode and the clock is stopped. In addition to the SUSPEND/

RESUME input, the activities that may resume the system from SUS-

PEND mode can be selected in the .PMI file.

The Ring Indicator from COM2 can RESUME the system after a specified number of transitions. This function may be enabled and the number of transitions specified in the .PMI file.

RI-resume-reset=Y/N

RI-transitions=n

Enables RESUME if RI occurs (COM2 ring indicator)

Specifies number of RI transitions (n) for

RESUME (COM2 ring indicator)

The EPMI (External PMI OPTOA, J10[1-2]) input can also cause the system to RESUME. This function is enabled in the .PMI file.

EPMI-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME timer if EPMI occurs

Finally, interrupts may cause the system to RESUME. This is particularly useful for activities such as a key on the keyboard being pressed. If any interrupt is to cause the system to RESUME, then the interrupt must be selected in the .PMI file.

resume-irqs-enable=Y/N Enables RESUME from RESUME IRQ group irq1-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ1 occurs irq3-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ3 occurs irq4-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ4 occurs irq5-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ5 occurs irq7-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ7 occurs irq8-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ8 occurs irq9-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ9 occurs irq10-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ10 occurs irq11-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ11 occurs irq12-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ12 occurs irq14-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ14 occurs irq15-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ15 occurs

Remote suspend/resume inputs

The PC-500 provides a remote suspend/resume input. The opto-isolated input is located at J10[3-4]. The opto requires a 5V input pulse and then triggers a “suspend” or “resume from suspend” on the trailing edge of the pulse. The minimum pulse width for a 5V pulse is 50 µS in order to signal either suspend or resume.

If the required options are selected in PMISETUP.EXE, other devices, such as the input from a serial port or the ring indicator from a modem connected to COM2, will cause the PC-500 to resume.

22-13


First Suspend/Resume Pulse:

The on-board SVGA ceases to display video and the hard drive spins down.

Second Suspend/Resume Pulse:

The video returns but the hard drive does not spin up again until accessed.

Table 22-1 Remote suspend/resume: J10

Pin

3

4

Signal

Opto Suspend/Resume Source

Opto Suspend/Resume Return

Note See the Accessories appendix for mating information on the OPTOA and

OPTOB connectors.

External PMI interrupt

In case of a power failure, the power management code is capable of properly resetting the system, saving the state of the system to disk, or generating an INT 15h. The power failure is signaled by activation of the external power management input, J10[1-2]. Once activated, the system either performs a System Reset, performs a Save to Disk operation, or generates an INT 15h. These functions are enabled in a .PMI

file.

1. System Reset

The PMI file contains: pfh-enable=Y pfh-reset=Y

2. Save to Disk

The PMI file contains: pfh-enable=Y pfh-reset=N save-to-disk=N

Enables power fail options

Enables system reset

The PMI file contains: pfh-enable=Y pfh-reset=N save-to-disk=Y


Disables system reset

Enables save to disk feature

Refer to the Save to disk section in this chapter for more information.

3. INT 15h


Disables system reset

Disables save to disk feature

22-14


4. To disable all three options:

The PMI file contains: pfh-enable=N Disables power fail options

Thermal management

Automatic thermal management of the CPU is provided by measuring the full speed operation of the CPU verses a thermal equilibrium value.

During thermal management, CPU activity is monitored and the activity is considered against other criteria. When determined that the activity level has exceeded a certain level, the CPU speed is divided in half from 33 MHz to 16.5 MHz for about 30 seconds, the CPU speed is increased to 33 MHz and the thermal management cycle begins again.

If thermal management is disabled, the CPU will run “full on” without any intervention from the firmware. Default configuration from Octagon has thermal management enabled.

WARNING!

Due to the heat generated the 586 processor, it is highly recommended that thermal management is always enabled and the CPU not run in “full on” condition. If thermal management is enabled and DOZE is enabled, the PC-500 will operate to the published temperature specifications. If thermal management is disabled, care must be taken not to damage or shorten the life of the CPU. Adequate ventilation, preferably with a fan and ample room around the CPU and card cage must be provided. Please contact Octagon Technical Support if the thermal management is to be disabled to discuss your situation.

The option for thermal management is in a .PMI file: thermal-management=Y/N Enables thermal management features (cool-down clocking )

Bitblt engine

W2[3-4] toggles the CPU clock speed between 120 and 133 MHz. When pins 3 and 4 are jumpered, the CPU clock speed operates at 133 MHz.

When pins 3 and 4 are not jumpered, then the CPU clock speed operates at 120 MHz.

W2[3-4] optimizes the PC-500’s temperature performance when the

CPU is operating in accelerated GUI environment. When power management is enabled, you must remove W2[3-4] to use the video accelerator. This ensures that the PC-500’s operating temperature is between

–40° and +70° C.

22-15


However, if power consumption is not a major concern for your system when using the video accelerator function, Octagon Systems strongly recommends that you disable power management and install W2[3-4].

This enables the CPU to operate at full clock speed (133 MHz) and still maintains the PC-500’s temperature performance range between

–40° and +70° C.

Table 22-2 Enhanced mode, CPU clock speed: W2[3-4]

Video accelerator

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Power management W2[3-4]

Yes

Yes

No

Don't care

Jumpered

Operating clock speed

133 MHz

Not jumpered 120 MHz

Jumpered

Don't care

133 MHz

Not

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

≡

PMISETUP

The PMISETUP program allows modification of the 82C465 registers and optionally the serial EEPROM data associated with the 82C465/

CMOS registers. The command line format for the PMISETUP program is as follows:

PMISETUP inputfilename [/SHOWALL] [/DEFAULT] [/P] [/?]

PMISETUP will parse a file using KEYWORD=nn[type] options. One keyword can be specified per line, characters after a semicolon “;” will be regarded as comments. Blank lines are ignored. If multiple lines contain the same keyword, the last value will be used. Keywords and values are not case sensitive.

A sample input file, TEST.PMI, is as follows: pmi-enable=Y Disables/enables the power management code doze-delay=2 hdd-to=10

Sets DOZE time-out to 2 seconds before standby

Sets the hard drive time-out to 10 minutes.

Load the .PMI file changes by including the .PMI file on the PMISETUP command line. PMISETUP is located in the \UTILS directory:


The output from PMISETUP will show all selectable options and their current values even when not specified when the /SHOWALL option is used.

When the /DEFAULT option is used, default settings are first loaded before the keywords are parsed. Refer to the default PMI configuration later in this chapter.

22-16


When the /P option is used with the /SHOWALL, the display pauses between each displayed page of information.

When the /? option is used, all other options are ignored and a “help display” is presented to the user. A <CR> keystroke between each page is necessary to continue to the next page of help.

If an error occurs during parsing, the line in question will be displayed and an ERRORLEVEL returned. For example:

>> Parameter out of range error. Line follows: hdd-to=50

The correct range is 0-31 minutes or

>> Unknown keyword error in input file line 7. Line follows: standbuy-delay=10

Standby was spelled incorrectly.

The following ERRORLEVELs will be returned:

0 — No errors occurred.

1 — Unable to save to serial EEPROM.

2 — Configuration file not found.

3 — Parsing error or out of range error.

In PMISETUP, the following options are available and can be included in a

.PMI file which is loaded by PMISETUP.EXE. PMISETUP.EXE is located in the \UTILS directory:

The following are the keywords which are used. To disable options, either an “N” or “0” is used, depending on the option.

pmi-enable=Y/N Disables/enables the power management code fdd-to=xx Sets the on-card (LPT1) floppy disk drive time-out value (x=0-31 minutes) hdd-to=xx

COM1-to=xx

COM2-to=xx

Sets the hard drive time-out value (x=0-31 minutes)


Sets the COM2 time-out value (x=0-31 minutes) doze-delay=x Sets DOZE time-out before STANDBY (x=0,2,8 seconds) standby-delay=xx Sets delay time before STANDBY (x=0-31 minutes) suspend-delay=xx Sets delay time before SUSPEND (x=0-31 minutes) irq0-reset-doze=Y/N irq3-reset-doze=Y/N irq4-reset-doze=Y/N irq5-reset-doze=Y/N irq7-reset-doze=Y/N






22-17

CPU power management PC-500 user’s manual irq8-reset-doze=Y/N irq12-reset-doze=Y/N irq13-reset-doze=Y/N irq0-reset-idle=Y/N irq1-reset-idle=Y/N irq3-reset-idle=Y/N irq4-reset-idle=Y/N irq5-reset-idle=Y/N irq6-reset-idle=Y/N irq7-reset-idle=Y/N irq8-reset-idle=Y/N irq9-reset-idle=Y/N irq10-reset-idle=Y/N irq11-reset-idle=Y/N irq12-reset-idle=Y/N irq13-reset-idle=Y/N irq14-reset-idle=Y/N irq15-reset-idle=Y/N save-to-disk=Y/N



















Enables save to disk feature thermal-management=Y/N Enables thermal management features (CDC) irq0-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ0 occurs irq1-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ1 occurs irq3-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ3 occurs irq4-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ4 occurs irq5-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ5 occurs irq6-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ6 occurs irq7-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ7 occurs irq8-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ8 occurs irq9-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ9 occurs irq10-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ10 occurs irq11-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ11 occurs irq12-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ12 occurs irq13-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ13 occurs irq14-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ14 occurs irq15-standby-reset=Y/N Enables reset of STANDBY mode if IRQ15 occurs resume-irqs-enable=Y/N Enables RESUME from RESUME IRQ group irq1-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ1 occurs irq3-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ3 occurs

22-18

PC-500 user’s manual CPU power management irq4-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ4 occurs irq5-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ5 occurs irq7-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ7 occurs irq8-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ8 occurs irq9-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ9 occurs irq10-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ10 occurs irq11-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ11 occurs irq12-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ12 occurs irq14-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ14 occurs irq15-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME if IRQ15 occurs

RI-resume-reset=Y/N

EPMI-reset-idle=Y/N

LCD-reset-idle=Y/N

COM1-reset-idle=Y/N

Enables RESUME if RI occurs (COM2 ring indicator)

RI-transitions=n Specifies number of RI transitions (n) for

RESUME (COM2 ring indicator)

EPMI-resume-reset=Y/N Enables RESUME timer if EPMI occurs

Enables reset of IDLE timer if EPMI occurs

LCD/VGA access resets IDLE timer

COM2-reset-idle=Y/N

LPT-reset-idle=Y/N



Enables reset of IDLE timer if LPT access occurs

KBD-reset-idle=Y/N

FDD-reset-idle=Y/N

HDD-reset-idle=Y/N pfh-enable=Y/N pfh-reset=Y/N

Enables reset of IDLE timer if Keyboard access occurs

Enables reset of IDLE timer if Floppy Disk access occurs

Enables reset of IDLE timer if Hard Disk

Drive access occurs


Enables power fail reset

PMISETUP default PMI configuration pmi-enable = Y fdd-to = 0 hdd-to = 0

COM1-to = 0

COM2-to = 0 doze-delay = 8 standby-delay = 0 suspend-delay = 0 irq0-reset-doze = N

22-19

CPU power management irq3-reset-doze = N irq4-reset-doze = Y irq5-reset-doze = N irq7-reset-doze = N irq8-reset-doze = N irq12-reset-doze = N irq13-reset-doze = Y irq0-reset-idle = N irq1-reset-idle = Y irq3-reset-idle = Y irq4-reset-idle = Y irq5-reset-idle = Y irq6-reset-idle = N irq7-reset-idle = Y irq8-reset-idle = Y irq9-reset-idle = N irq10-reset-idle = N irq11-reset-idle = N irq12-reset-idle = N irq13-reset-idle = Y irq14-reset-idle = Y irq15-reset-idle = N save-to-disk = N thermal-management = Y irq0-standby-reset = N irq1-standby-reset = Y irq3-standby-reset = Y irq4-standby-reset = Y irq5-standby-reset = Y irq6-standby-reset = Y irq7-standby-reset = Y irq8-standby-reset = Y irq9-standby-reset = N irq10-standby-reset = N irq11-standby-reset = N irq12-standby-reset = N irq13-standby-reset = N irq14-standby-reset = Y irq15-standby-reset = N resume-irqs-enable = Y irq1-resume-reset = Y irq3-resume-reset = Y irq4-resume-reset = Y irq5-resume-reset = N irq7-resume-reset = N irq8-resume-reset = Y irq9-resume-reset = N irq10-resume-reset = N irq11-resume-reset = N irq12-resume-reset = N irq14-resume-reset = N irq15-resume-reset = N

22-20



RI-resume-reset = Y

RI-transitions = 5

EPMI-resume-reset = Y

EPMI-reset-idle = Y

LCD-reset-idle = Y

COM1-reset-idle = Y

COM2-reset-idle = Y

LPT-reset-idle = Y

KBD-reset-idle = Y

FDD-reset-idle = Y

HDD-reset-idle = Y

CDC-beep = Y

COM1-suspend=Y

COM2-suspend=Y

COM1-buffer-suspend=Y

COM2-buffer-suspend=Y

CPU power management

22-21


22-22

PC-500 user’s manual Troubleshooting

Chapter 23:

Troubleshooting

If your system is not working properly, check the following items:

No screen activity – checking console serial communications

If you do not get the sign-on message after bootup:

1. Make sure all PC/104 expansion cards are removed from the PC-500.

This ensures that other cards are not interacting with the PC-500.

2. Change W2[1-2]/W4[1-2]. Depending upon your current ROM enable and jumper state, these jumpers disable the video section. See the

Console devices chapter for further instructions on how to enable/disable the video BIOS device.

3. The VTC-20F serial cable turns the PC-500 serial port into a 9-pin AT serial port. Make sure a null modem adapter is installed on the other end, and that the assembly is inserted into the proper serial port on the

PC. Make sure the VTC-20F serial cable is connected to J13 of the

PC-500.

4. Make sure your power module provides +5V (+/-0.25V) and at least 2.5A

of current.

5. After verifying the above conditions, you can monitor voltage levels by connecting an oscilloscope between the TxD* line on J13 (pin 5) and ground. After powerup, you should see a burst of activity on the oscilloscope screen. The voltage level should switch between +/-8V. This test verifies that the CPU is active and that the transmit from COM1 is functional.

Garbled serial console screen activity

If you do get activity on your console screen but the message is garbled, check the following:

1. Remove USESETUP W2[9-10] to force 9600, N, 8, 1 for COM1.

2. If you are using PC SmartLINK, make sure you have configured the software for 9600 baud and have selected the correct serial port for communicating with your PC. Refer to the PC SmartLINK manual for information on selecting the baud rate.

3. If you are using communications software other than PC SmartLINK,

Octagon cannot guarantee the operation. Make sure that the software parameters are set to match those of the PC-500: 9600 baud, 8 bits, 1 stop bit, no parity.

23-1

Troubleshooting PC-500 user’s manual

System generates a BIOS message but locks up when booting from SSD1

1. Remove W2[9-10] and reboot. When PICO FA prompts you, select

SSD1 as the first drive and second drive.

2. Display the directory of SSD1 and verify that all the necessary boot files exist. Copy any missing files to SSD1.

3. If no files are missing, remake SSD1 to overwrite any files which may have become corrupted. In addition, you may want to do a PFORMAT and SYS to SSD1.

4. If SSD1 does not boot, install a floppy in the system, reboot from it, and remake SSD1.

PICO FA reports a drive, but issuing a DIR generates an error message

1. The SSD may not be formatted. Run either of the following: or

PFORMAT Hn

PFORMAT Hn /m where n represents the hard drive number.

For more information, see the on Save and run programs chapter.

PICO FA does not report the drive

1. Run SETSSD and make sure it is correct.

2. Make sure that W4[3-4] is jumpered or that PICOFA.SYS is in your

CONFIG.SYS file of your floppy hard drive.

3. Install a jumper on W2[9-10].

4. Reboot your system.

System will not recognize hard drive

1. Run SETUP and confirm that on-board IDE interface is enabled.

2. Try changing Primary Master Fixed Disk to User and specify Heads,

Sectors, and Cylinders.

3. Check hard drive Master/Slave jumpers.

23-2

PC-500 user’s manual Troubleshooting

System locks up after powerdown/powerup

If the power supply does not drain below 0.7V, the CMOS components on the card will act like diodes and forward bias. This is typically caused by using power supplies that have large output capacitors.

Either use a different power supply that discharges faster, leave the power off until the supply has adequate time to discharge or place a

100 ohm, large wattage resistor across the output capacitor.

≡

Technical assistance

Carefully recheck your system before calling Technical Support. Run as many tests as possible; the more information you can provide, the easier it will be for the Technical Support staff to help you solve the problem.

For technical assistance, please call 303-426-4521.

23-3

Troubleshooting PC-500 user’s manual

23-4


Overview:

Section 4 – Appendices

Section 4 contains a series of appendices which provides additional information about the PC-500.

Appendix A: Technical data

Appendix B: Software utilities

Appendix C: Third party support

Appendix D : Accessories



Appendix A:

Technical data

Technical data

≡

Technical specifications

CPU

586-133 MHz

Local bus clock

66 MHz

BIOS

AT compatible with industrial extensions.

DRAM

1 MB DRAM is soldered on-card. Field expandable to 33 MB using

32 MB DIMM. On-card DRAM of 16 MB is available under OEM contract.

Floppy drive

Floppy drive support via the floppy drive connector.

Hard drive

Hard drive BIOS supported using external hard drive controller which supports drives up to 4 GB.

Solid-state disk 0

Supports a 512K EPROM, 512K flash, or 512K SRAM.

Solid-state disk 1

Supports 2 MB flash soldered on-card. 1 MB flash soldered on-card is available under OEM contract.

ROM-DOS

DOS 6.22 compatible.

Serial I/O

COM1 through COM5 are 16C550 compatible.

10Base-T Ethernet port

Supports the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard.

A-1

Technical data PC-500 user’s manual

SCSI-2 interface port

This interface uses an Adaptec AIC-6360 SCSI host controller and has a sustained data rate of 10 MB per second in the fast SCSI-2 synchronous transfer mode.

Parallel port

LPT1 is PC compatible with multifunctional capability.

Battery backup

AT style battery.

Power requirements

5V ±0.25V

586 processor

Normal: 1.5A typical

Full speed: 1.56 Amps typical

Slow clock: 650 mA typical

Stop clock: 770 mA typical

Suspend: 406 mA typical

Voltage supervisor

Reset threshold: +5V supply > 4.65V typical

Environmental specifications

-40 ° to 70 ° C operating (temperatures above 45 ° C require power management or installation of a fan)

-55 ° to 90 ° C nonoperating

RH 5% to 95%, noncondensing

Size

5.75" x 8.00" x 0.9375"

Watchdog timer

Default time-out is typically 1.6 seconds (1.0 seconds minimum) software enabled and strobed. Disabled on powerup and reset. Controls are through built-in, enhanced INT 17h function calls.

Bus mastering

Bus mastering is supported.

A-2

PC-500 user’s manual Technical data

Table A-1 PC-500 memory map

Address

00000h-9FFFFh

A0000h-BFFFFh

C0000h-C7FFFh*

C8000h-CFFFFh*

D0000h-D7FFFh

Description

System memory

Off–card memory

Video BIOS, 1st 32 KB

Video BIOS, 2nd 32KB and SCSI BIOS area

Off–card memory

D8000h-DFFFFh

E0000h-E7FFFh

INT 17h and PICO FA extension area

32 KB BIOS extension area (reserved for power management)

32 KB SSD memory paging window E8000h-EFFFFh

F0000h-FFFFFh 64 KB BIOS area

100000h-1FFFFFFh 32 KB addressable extended memory

* = default

A-3

Technical data

Table A-2 PC-500 I/O map


Hex range

X000h-X0A7h*

X0A8h-X0AFh*

X0A8h-X0AFh

X0ACh-X0AFh

Function

System I/O functions

Red LED Control: D7 = 1 (LED on); D7 = 0

(LED off). Also functions as default status register.

82C602A buffer enable (read)

Green LED Control: D7 = 1 (LED on); D7 = 0

(LED off)

System I/O functions

Off–card I/O space

X0B0h-X0FFh

X100h-X207h

X208h-X20Bh

X20Ch-X20Fh

X210h-X213h

X214h-X217h

OctaGlue register 0 read/write access

OctaGlue register 1 read/write access & watchdog

IOR strobe

OctaGlue register 0 (RO) (SEEP CLK)

Serial EEPROM read access & watchdog IOR strobe

X2F8h-X2FFh

X378h-X37Bh

X300h-X31Fh

X320h-X33Fh

X340h-X35Fh

COM2, configurable in SETUP

Bidirectional parallel port (LPT1), configurable in

SETUP

Ethernet

Set by IORGSEL A=1 and IORGSEL B=1,

(X328h-X32Fh is free)

Set by IORGSEL A=1 and IORGSEL B=0,

(X348h-X34Fh is free)

COM1, configurable in SETUP X3F8h-X3FFh

X320h-X327h

X330h-X337h

X338h-X33Fh

COM5 default configurable with SETIRQ. Alternate base addresses are 12F, 348-34F, and 148-HF.

EZ I/O default configurable with SETIRQ. Alternate base addresses are 130-133, 150-153, and 350-353.

Last four addresses are reserved.

Interrupt status default location. Alternate addresses are 138-13F, 158-15F, and 358-35F.

X340h-X35Fh Default SCSI I/O space

* = default port addresses

A-4


Table A-3 I/O map (Latched registered outputs via OctaGlue: Address at X0A8h)

Function

Green LED

Amber LED

Extended CMOS enable

MAX 211 enable for ring indicate

Super I/O enable

LCD bias up

LCD bias down

VGA suspend

Port 0A8H position

Bit 7, I/O read/write: 0 = on; 1 = off








Table A-4 I/O map (Configuration inputs via OctaGlue: Address at X0A9h)

Function

USEEDO

Not used

IOREGSEL_A

IOREGSEL_B



Not used

USESETUP

Port 0A9H

Bit 7, I/O read: 0 = on, 1 = off








Table A-5 COM1 available addresses


220h

228h

2F8h

338h

238h

2E0h

2E8h

* = default

3E8h

3F8h*

A-5

Technical data

Table A-6 COM2 available addresses


220h 2F8h*

228h 338h

238h

2E0h

2E8h

3E8h

3F8h

* = default

Table A-7 Available LPT1 port addresses

LPT1 port addresses

278h

378h*

3BCh

* = default


≡

Jumper settings

Table A-8 TTL and RS-485 interface: W1

Pins

[2-4][5-6]

[1-2][3-5][4-6]*

* = default

Description

TTL interface

RS-485 interface

Table A-9 RS-485 termination select jumper: W1

Pins

[7-8]*

[9-10]*

[7-9]

Description





* = default


A-6


Table A-10 BIOS and boot option jumper: W2


[1–2]* V0

[3–4]

[5–6]*

E

B

C0000–C7FFF BIOS region toggle** (video BIOS region 1)

Enhanced mode, CPU clock speed: on = 133 MHz; off = 120 MHz

BIOS device: on = SSD1; off = SSD0

[7–8]* T SSD0 type: on = flash/SRAM; off = EPROM

[9–10]* S Use SETUP information: on = EEPROM; off = BIOS default

* = default



Table A-11 EZ I/O pull-up/pull-down, user option jumper: W3

Pins

[1–2]*


Pull up to +5V

[2–4]

[9–10]* UA

* = default

Pull down to Gnd


Table A-12 Auxiliary option jumper: W4


[1–2]* V1

[3–4]* X

C8000–CFFFF BIOS region toggle** (video BIOS region 2)

D8000–DFFFF BIOS region toggle*** (PICO FA)

[5–6]* UB

[7–8]* VE


VGA controller: on = enabled; off = disabled

[9–10] I IRQ matrix: on = disabled; off = enabled

* = factory default



*** = Enables or disables PICO Flash Array extended BIOS.

A-7


Table A-13 SSD0 device configuration: W5

Pins

W5[1-3, 2-4, 5-7, 8-10] W2[7-8]

W5[1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10] W2[7-8]

W5[1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 9-10]


** = W2[7-8] is not jumpered

Table A-14 Flat panel voltage select: W8

Pins

[1–2]

Description

5V*

[3–4] 3.3V


Description


Flash

EPROM**

Table A-15 Inverted shift clock signal voltage level select: W9

Pins

[1–2]

Description

3.3V

[3–4] 5V*


A-8


≡

Connector pinouts

Table A-16 PC/104 signal assignments: J1

Technical data

15

16

17

18

19

12

13

14

23

24

25

20

21

22

3

4

1

2

5

6

Pin

0

7

8

9

10

11

Row A

—

IOCHK*

SD7

SD6

SD5

SD4

SD3

SD2

SD1

SD0

IOCHRDY

AEN

SA19

SA18

SA17

SA16

SA15

SA14

SA13

SA12

SA11

SA10

SA9

SA8

SA7

SA6

Row B

—

Gnd

RESETDRV

+5V

IRQ9

–5V

DRQ2

–12V

0 WS**

+12VDC

Key

SMEMW*

SMEMR*

IOW*

IOR*

DACK3*

DRQ3

DACK1*

DRQ1

Refresh*

SYSCLK

IRQ7

IRQ6

IRQ5

IRQ4

IRQ3

26

27

28

29

30

SA5

SA4

SA3

SA2

SA1

DACK2*

TC

Bale

+5V

14 MHz

31

32

SA0

Gnd

* = active low; ** = wait state

Gnd

Gnd

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

SD9

SD10

SD11

SD12

SD13

SD14

SD15

Key

Row C

Gnd

SBHE*

LA23

LA22

LA21

LA20

LA19

LA18

LA17

MEMR*

MEMW*

SD8

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

DACK6*

DRQ6

DACK7*

DRQ7

+5V

Master*

Gnd

Gnd

Row D

Gnd

MEMCS16*

IOCS16*

IRQ10

IRQ11

IRQ12

IRQ15

IRQ14

DACK0*

DRQ0

DACK5*

DRQ5

A-9

Technical data

Table A-17 Keyboard connector: J2

3

4

5

6

7

Pin Function

1 Keyboard data

2 NC

Gnd

+5V Safe

Keyboard clock

NC

SHLD0

8 SHLD1

Table A-18 Mouse connector: J3

5

6

3

4

7

Pin Function

1 Mouse data

2 NC

Gnd

+5V Safe

Mouse clock

NC

SHLD0

8 SHLD1

Table A-19 Speaker connector: J4

3

4

Pin Function

1

2

Speaker drive

NC

Gnd

+5V Safe


A-10


Table A-20 Flat panel connector: J5

Pin Function

35

37

39

41

27

29

31

33

43

45

47

49

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

1

3

5

7

9

11

P8

Gnd

P11

P12

Gnd

P15

P16

Gnd

P19

P20

Gnd

P23

VDDSAFE +5V

VEESAFE

ENABKL

M

Gnd

FLM

SHFCLK

P0

Gnd

P3

P4

Gnd

P7

Table A-21 VGA connector: J6

Pin Function

1

3

5

7

9

11

13

15

Red

Blue

Gnd

Gnd

+5V Safe

NC 12

Horizontal sync 14

Clk DDC

Pin

2

4

6

8

10

16

Function

Green

NC

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

DDCD

Vertical sync

Gnd

Pin

36

38

40

42

28

30

32

34

44

46

48

50

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

2

4

6

8

10

12

Function

P9

P10

Gnd

P13

P14

Gnd

P17

P18

Gnd

P21

P22

Gnd

Gnd

P1

P2

Gnd

P5

P6

Gnd

+12VEESAFE

Inverted SHFCLK

Gnd

DE, (optional, R select)

LP

Gnd

Technical data

A-11

Technical data

Table A-22 PC video connector: J7

49

51

53

55

57

39

41

43

45

47

59

29

31

33

35

37

19

21

23

25

27

9

11

13

15

17

5

7

Pin Function

1 NC

3 NC

VR7

VR6

VLCK

VREF

HREF

NC

NC

VSYNC

HSYNC

NC

NC

NC

PCLK

Color key

VR2

Gnd

VR5

VG2

Gnd

VG5

VG6

Gnd

VB3

VB4

Gnd

VB7

NC

NC

50

52

54

56

58

40

42

44

46

48

60

30

32

34

36

38

20

22

24

26

28

10

12

14

16

18

6

8

Pin Function

2 Gnd

4 Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

VR3

VR4

Gnd

VG3

VG4

Gnd

VG7

VB2

Gnd

VB5

VB6

Gnd

NC

NC

Table A-23 Battery connector: J8

2

3

4

Pin Function

1 Battery

Key

Gnd

Gnd

A-12



Table A-24 Ethernet connector: J9

5

6

3

4

7

8

Pin Description

1 TxT

2 TxR

TxT

NC

NC

RxR

NC

NC

Table A-25 OPTOA and OPTOB: J10

OPTOA: PMI J10[1–2] OPTOB: SUSPEND/RESUME J10[3–4] pin 1—positive input pin 3—positive input pin 2—negative input pin 4—negative input

Table A-26 EZ I/O connector: J11

24

22

20

18

Pin Function Pin Function Pin

19

Port A bit 0 10

Port B bit 0 13

21 bit 1 8 bit 1 16

23

25 bit 2 bit 3

4

6 bit 2 bit 3

15

17 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

1

3

5

7 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7

14

11

12

9

2

26

Function


+5V safe

Gnd

A-13

Technical data

Table A-27 SCSI connector: J12

Description

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

NC

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Pin

33

35

37

39

41

43

45

47

49

21

23

25

27

29

31

9

11

13

15

17

19

1

3

5

7

Pin

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

22

24

26

28

30

32

10

12

14

16

18

20

2

4

6

8

Description

SD0

SD1

SD2

SD3

SD4

SD5

SD6

SD7

SCDP

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Terminate power

Gnd

Gnd

ATNG

Gnd

BSY

ACK

RST

MSG

SEL

C/D

REQ

I/O


A-14


Table A-28 AT and industrial serial for COM1 and COM2: J13

5

7

9

11

Pin

1

3

COM1

(standard)

AT serial

DCD

RxD*

TxD*

DTR

Gnd

DCD

COM1

(optional) industrial serial

—

RxD*

TxD*

DTR**

Gnd

—

Pin

2

4

6

8

10

12

COM2

(standard)

AT serial

DSR

RTS

CTS

RI

+5V Safe

DSR

COM2


—

RTS

CTS

—

+5V Safe

—

13

15

RxD*

TxD*

RxD*

TxD*

14

16

RTS

CTS

RTS

CTS

17 DTR DTR** 18 RI*** RI***

19 Gnd Gnd 20 +5V Safe +5V Safe

* = active low; ** = pulled high to +5V; *** = RI on COM2 used to resume suspended operation. Refer to the Watchdog timer and hardware resest and the

CPU power management chapters.

Table A-29 AT and industrial serial for COM3 and COM4: J14

7

9

11

13

3

5

Pin

1

COM3

(standard)

AT serial

DCD

RxD*

TxD*

DTR

Gnd

DCD

RxD*

15

17

TxD*

DTR

TxD*

DTR**

19 Gnd

* = active low

** = pulled high to +5V

Gnd

COM3


—

RxD*

TxD*

DTR**

Gnd

—

RxD*

16

18

20

8

10

12

14

4

6

Pin

2

COM4

(standard)

AT serial

DSR

RTS

CTS

RI

+5V Safe

DSR

RTS

CTS

RI

+5V Safe

COM4


—

RTS

CTS

—

+5V Safe

—

RTS

CTS

—

+5V Safe

A-15


Table A-30 Floppy drive connector: J15

3

5

Pin Function

1 NC/Gnd

NC/Gnd

Gnd

4

6

Pin Function

2 DSEL

NC

NC

15

17

19

21

7

9

11

13

+5V Safe, Gnd**

+5V Safe, Gnd**

+5V Safe, Gnd**

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

INDEX*

MTR1 ON*

DS2*

DS1*

MTR2 ON*

DIR IN*

STEP*

WR DATA*

23

25

27

29

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

24

26

28

30

WR GATE*

TRK 00*

WP*

RD DATA*

31 Gnd 32 SIDE 1*

33 Gnd 34 DISKCHANGE

* = active low

** = +5V Safe is factory optional, Gnd is factory default

Table A-31 LPT1 as printer connector: J16

Pin

6

7

4

5

1

2

3

8

9

10

11

12

13

* = active low

17

5

18

6

19

7

DB-25 pin Function

15

3

16

4

1

14

2

STB*

AFD*

DATA0

ERR*

DATA1

INIT*

DATA2

SLIN*

DATA3

Gnd

DATA4

Gnd

DATA5

Pin

17

18

19

20

14

15

16

21

22

23

24

25

26

11

24

12

25

13

NC

DB-25 pin Function

9

22

10

23

20

8

21

Gnd

DATA6

Gnd

DATA7

Gnd

ACK*

Gnd

BUSY

Gnd

PE

Gnd

SLCT

+5V Safe

A-16


Table A-32 RS-485 and TTl interfaces for COM5: J17


Pin 1 RS-485+

Pin 2 TxD

Pin 3 Gnd

Pin 4 RS-485–

W1[1-2][3-5][4-6]*

* = default


Pin 1 TTL RD

Pin 2 TxD

Pin 3 Gnd

Pin 4 NA

W1[2-4][5-6]

Table A-33 IDE hard drive connector: J18

Pin Function

9

11

13

15

17

1

3

5

7

Reset*

Data 7

Data 6

Data 5

Data 4

Data 3

Data 2

Data 1

Data 0

25

27

29

19

21

23

31

33

35

37

Gnd

NC

IOW*

IOR*

CHRDYB

NC

IRQ14

A1

A0

CS0*

39

41

43

NC

+5V

Gnd

* = active low

26

28

30

20

22

24

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

Pin Function

10

12

14

16

18

2

4

6

8

Gnd

Data 8

Data 9

Data 10

Data 11

Data 12

Data 13

Data 14

Data 15

Key

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

+5V

Gnd

NC

NC

A2

CS1*

Gnd

+5V

+5V

Technical data

A-17

Technical data

Table A-34 Power connector: P8, P9


1

2

3

4

5

6

N.C.

+5V

+12V

–12V

Gnd

Gnd


1

2

3

4

5

6

Gnd

Gnd

–5V

+5V

+5V

+5V


≡

Tie wrap holes

Additional .125" mounting holes are on the PC-500 board for the use of

.100" wide nylon tie wraps. These tie wraps loop around the SSD0 DIP device and also the DIMM memory expansion device. This feature will increase the ruggedness and the retention ability in high vibration environments. Nylon tie wraps are available from a hardware specialty supplier such as Richco, phone number: 1-800-621-1892. The following letters specify the length of the tie wrap:

L=5.75", V=8.00", X=18.00"

A-18


Appendix B:

Software utilities

Software utilities

≡

Introduction

The PC-500 ROM-DOS and Software Utility Disk comes with the utilities listed below. Some of these utilities are also available on the

PC-500 BIOS drive. This appendix describes the utilities and their use.

Support commands:

n COM1CON.EXE

n GETBIOS.EXE

n GETIMG.EXE

n GETIMGH.EXE

n I17HNDLR.EXE

n LCDBIAS.EXE

n LPT1CON.COM

n PFORMAT.EXE

n PGMBIOS.EXE

n PGMIMG.EXE

n PGMIMGH.EXE

n PGMVIDEO.EXE

n PHDISK.EXE

n PMISETUP.EXE

n REMDISK.EXE

n REMQUIT.COM

n REMSERV.EXE

n RESET.COM

n SCONSOLE.EXE

n SETIRQ.EXE

n SETSSD.EXE

n SETUP.COM

n TESTRFA.EXE

n TRANSFER.EXE

Support device drivers:

n PICOFA.SYS

n HIMEM.SYS

n VDISK.SYS

Note Other utilities are included from ROM-DOS and are not mentioned in this section. Please refer to your ROM-DOS manual.

B-1

Software utilities PC-500 user’s manual

≡

GETBIOS.EXE

Purpose

This support command stores the BIOS information in a specific file.

Syntax

GETBIOS SSDx filename

Parameters

n SSDx specifies the target SSD that stores the BIOS. The variable x represents a value from 0 to 1.

n filename specifies the output file for saving or programming.

≡

GETIMG.EXE

Purpose 1

This support command captures an image of an SSD and places it into a local file.

Syntax 1

GETIMG SSDx filename

Purpose 2

This support command captures an image of an SSD and transfers it to a host PC running GETIMGH.

Syntax 2

GETIMG SSDx /COMx [/Bxx] [/Ixx]

Purpose 3

This support command captures an image of an SSD and transfers it to a host PC running GETIMGH. A non-standard serial port I/O address is used and the IRQ value must be specified.

B-2

PC-500 user’s manual Software utilities

Syntax 3

GETIMG SSDx /Uxxxx [/Bxx] [/Ixx]

Parameters

n SSDx specifies the target SSD for file saving or programming. The variable x represents a value from 0 to 1.

n filename specifies the output file for saving or programming.

n /COMx specifies the PC COM port for serial transfer where x represents a value from 1 to 4.

n /Uxxxx specifies the UART base address to use for serial transfer.

The base address, 100-3FF, is in hexadecimal format.

n /Bxx specifies baud rate of transfer where xx can be (300, 1200,

2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115 (115200)). The default is 38400 when using a /COMx switch.

n /Ixx specifies the interrupt to which the UART is connected. The value x represents a variable from 3 to 15.

Remarks

GETIMG compatibility:

The following devices share the same image and can be used interchangeably: Atmel’s AT29C040 and AT29C040A; SST’s 28SF040; 512K

EPROM; and 512K SRAM. Use an EPROM to make the drive readonly.

Because the AMD 512K, 1MB, and 2MB have a different structure, they cannot be used in any other type of device. An image from a 512K AMD flash can only be used on other 512K AMD flashes.

≡

GETIMGH.EXE

Purpose 1

This support command transfers an SSD image from a target PC running GETIMG and saves the image to a host file.

Syntax 1

GETIMGH filename /COMx [Bxx] [/Ixx]

B-3


Purpose 2

This support command transfers an SSD image from a target PC running GETIMG and saves the image to a host file via a serial UART connection. A non-standard serial port address is used and the IRQ value must be specified.

Syntax 2

GETIMGH filename /Uxxx [/Bxx] /Ixx

Parameters

n filename specifies the output file for saving or programming and it also represents the host filename.

n /COMx specifies the PC COM port for serial transfer. The variable x represents a value from 1 to 4.

n /Uxxx specifies the UART base address to use for serial transfer.

The base address, 100-3FF, is in hexadecimal format.


2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115 (115200)). The default is 38400 when using a /COMx switch. If COM1 is the console, the baud rate defaults to the current console baud rate.

n /Ixx specifies the interrupt to which the UART. The variable x represents a value from 3 to 15.

See also

GETIMG.EXE for details on image compatibility.

≡

HIMEM.SYS

Purpose

This device driver manages extended memory and the high memory

Area (HMA) in a 286, 386, or greater PS/2 system. HIMEM prevents programs from simultaneously using the same area of memory for two different purposes. HIMEM supports the eXtended Memory Specification (XMS) 2.0. HIMEM is installed as a device driver in CONFIG.SYS.

Syntax

DEVICE=[d:] [path] HIMEM.SYS [/machine:n]

B-4


Remarks

The HIMEM driver can be used to allow ROM-DOS to run in High

Memory.

HIMEM supports a default of 32 handles.

HIMEM should not be used with older versions of VDISK. Current versions of VDISK will use XMS memory if it is available.

HIMEM recognizes PS/2 style machines A20 line control. HIMEM determines whether to use the PS/2 A20 control or the AT A20 control method automatically by calling INT 15h, function C0h (get system configuration).

The automatic detection can be overridden with the "/Machine:n" command line switch. Replacing "n" with 1 designates the PC AT A20 control method. Replacing "n" with 2 designates the PS/2 method.

Example 1

DEVICE=HIMEM.SYS

The above command installs the XMS device driver. Once this driver is installed, accessing the HMA and Extended Memory (XMS) areas are legal. The Extended Memory area can contain up to 2 Gigabytes of memory. Typical systems have 4, 8, or 16 MB XMS memory installed.

Example 2

DEVICE=HIMEM.SYS /machine:1

This example forces the use of the AT style A20 line control.

The HIMEM driver will fail to load if either the machine does not have memory above the 1 MB boundary or the BIOS does not provide support for it. It will also fail to load if another XMS manager has been installed previously.

≡

I17HNDLR.EXE

Purpose

This support command allows the system to use the INT 17 functions when the extended BIOS area is disabled (i.e., W2[9-10] is not jumpered) or when it is reprogrammed with another BIOS.

B-5


Syntax

I17HNDLR

Remarks

This command is used if the extended BIOS area (D800h-DFFFh) is not used. The I17HNDLR allows the system to use the INT 17 functions.

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LCDBIAS.EXE

Purpose

This support command adjusts the LCD bias voltage to obtain the best contrast for the LCD flat panel. The LCD TSR (Terminate and Stay

Resident) works in combination with the INT 17 extended BIOS/TSR.

Press <CTRL><+> to increase the voltage <CTRL><-> to decrease the voltage. These keystrokes adjust the voltage within the PC-500’s predefined voltage range (factory default is +22V to +30V). The <-> and

<+> are on the 101 “key enhanced” numeric keypad. The <-> and <+> are also on the local keyboard as well as the <CTRL> keystroke.

Syntax

LCDBIAS [/D] [/R] [/U]

Parameters

n /D shows a display of “<” or “>” when the LCDBIAS TSR detects a

<CTRL><-> or <CTRL><+>. This display may interfere with graphics based programs.

n /R reinstalls the TSR when detection occurs of a previous TSR copy of the LCD bias.

n /U uninstalls the TSR. /U only removes the vectors and not the memory usage of the TSR. TSRs must be removed in the order of last installed, first removed.

Example 1

To install the LCDBIAS TSR and its display after the LCD bias voltage has been adjusted, enter the following command:

LCDBIAS /D

B-6


Example 2

To install the LCDBIAS TSR only and not a display of its adjusted characters, enter:

LCDBIAS

Example 3

If possible, to uninstall the LCDBIAS TSR, enter this command:

LCDBIAS /U

Remarks

If the INT 17 extended BIOS/TSR has not been previously installed, then the LCD TSR will not install.

See also

I17HNDLR.EXE and the CRTs and flat panels chapter.

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LPT1CON.COM

Purpose

This support command redirects the video to the LPT1 port.

Syntax

LPT1CON

Remarks

If you have a 2010 interface board and an LCD display connected to the

LPT1 port, executing the DISPLAY.EXE and LPT1CON.COM programs allow you to use the display as the system console. You must reset your system to change the video to the original parameters.

≡

PFORMAT.EXE

Purpose

This support command formats preformatted or unformatted drives.

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Syntax

PFORMAT <drive> [/C] [/M] [/V]

Parameters

n drive can be specified as C: through Z: for preformatted drives. For preformatted or unformatted drives, specify drive as H0 through H9, where 0 through 9 represent the hard drive number.

n /C is an optional parameter that specifies no confirmation before formatting.

n /M is an optional parameter that specifies PICO FA is to write an

MBR. This is required for unformatted drives using non-AMD flash devices.

n /V is an optional parameter that specifies a volume label is to be placed on disk.

Example 1

To place a volume label on disk for preformatted drive D:, enter:

PFORMAT d: /V

Example 2

To have PICO FA write an MBR to drive H0, enter:

PFORMAT H0 /M

≡

PGMBIOS.EXE

Purpose

This support command programs a new system BIOS into the PC-500.

Syntax

PGMBIOS [filename | SSDx] SSDy [/?]

Parameters

n filename specifies the BIOS .DAT file to program into flash.

n SSDx specifies the source SSD for BIOS. The variable x represents a value from 0 to 1.

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PC-500 user’s manual Software utilities n SSDy specifies the target SSD for BIOS. The variable y represents a value from 0 to 1.

n /? requests a help menu.

Example 1

To program the BIOSFILE.BIN files into the SSD1 BIOS area, enter:

PGMBIOS BIOSFILE.BIN SSD1

Example 2

To program the AT BIOS and extended BIOS from SSD0 to SSD1, enter:

PGMBIOS SSD0 SSD1

≡

PGMIMG.EXE

Purpose 1

This support command programs a local file image to an SSD.

Syntax 1

PGMIMG SSDx filename

Purpose 2

This support command programs a local file image to an SSD and transfers it to a host PC running PGMIMGH.

Syntax 2

PGMIMG SSDx /COMx [Bxx] [Ixx]

Purpose 3

This support command programs a local file image to an SSD and transfers it to a host PC running PGMIMGH. A non-standard serial port I/O address is used and the IRQ value must be specified.

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Syntax 3

PGMIMG SSDx /Uxxxx [Bxx] /Ixx

Parameters

n filename specifies the input file programming.

n SSDx specifies the target SSD for image. The variable x represents a value from 0 to 1.

n /COMx specifies the PC COM port for serial transfer. The variable x represents a value from 1 to 4.

n /Uxxx specifies the UART base address to use for serial transfer. The base address, 100-3FF is in hexadecimal format.



n /Ixx specifies the interrupt to which the UART base address is connected. The variable x represents a value from 3 to 15.

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PGMIMGH.EXE

Purpose 1

This support command programs an image file from a target PC running PGMIMG.

Syntax 1

PGMIMGH filename /COMx [/Bxx] [/Ixx]

Purpose 2

This support command transfers an SSD image to a target computer via a serial UART connection and programs the image to an SSD. A nonstandard serial port address is used and the IRQ must be specified.

Syntax 2

PGMIMGH filename /Uxxx [/Bxx] /Ixx

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Parameters

n filename specifies the input file for programming and it also represents the host filename.

n /COMx specifies the PC COM port for serial transfer. The variable x represents a value from 1 to 4.

n /Uxxx specifies the UART base address to use for serial transfer.

The base address, 100-3FF is in hexadecimal format.

n /Bxx specifies baud rate of transfer where b can be (300, 1200, 2400,

4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115 (115200)). The default is

38400 when using a /COMx switch. If COM1 is the console, the baud rate defaults to the current console baud rate.

n /Ixx specifies the interrupt to which the UART base address is connected. The variable x represents a value from 3 to 15.

See also

See PGMIMG.EXE. See also, GETIMG for image compatibility.

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PGMVIDEO.EXE

Purpose

This support command programs a video BIOS into the BIOS area of an

SSD. A new video BIOS is required for a different flat panel display.

Syntax

PGMVIDEO VIDEOBIOS.DAT SSDn [/P] [/C]

Parameters

n VIDEOBIOS.DAT is the filename of the new video BIOS. For a complete listing, see the VGA 65550 utility disk.

n SSDn is the SSD which programs the video BIOS into SSD0 or

SSD1. The BIOS is then selected by adjusting the BIOSDEV jumper, W2[5-6].

n /P reprograms the current video BIOS. Normally, PGMVIDEO by itself can not reprogram the current video BIOS.

n /C reprograms the video BIOS if the checksum of the video BIOS is not correct. /C is usually a failure condition for a video BIOS when the system will not use the new video BIOS. By default, the video

BIOS to be programmed must initially pass the checksum test.

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Example 1

To program the S64P80.DAT video BIOS (which operates the Sharp

64P80 flat panel and CRT in simultaneous display mode) into SSD1 whether or not the current video BIOS is in SSD1, enter the following command:

PGMVIDEO S64P80.DAT SSD1 /P

Remarks

The video BIOS is typically 40K and resides in the C0000-C7FFF and

C8000-CBFFF areas. To use the new video BIOS, set the BIOSDEV jumper, W2[5-6], to the programmed SSD. Also, enable the video BIOS areas, C0000-C7FFF and C8000-CBFFF. To enable the video BIOS areas, change the jumpers on W2[1-2] and W4[1-2] or change the ROM enable options in SETUP. Change the ROM enable options and jumpers W2[1-2] and W4[1-2] accordingly to accommodate your current ROM enable and jumper states. For complete instructions on enabling and disabling the video BIOS, see the Console devices chapter.

If the video BIOS is programmed and no display results occur, then adjust W2[1-2] and W4[7-9] by trying four options: on, on; on, off; off, on; or off, off (refer to Table 7-4). Also, confirm that the VGA disable jumper, W4[5-6] is installed. If the display still does not work, then check the cabling and/or the video BIOS, programmed for your flat panel. To restore the CRT/VGA display, reprogram the default video

BIOS by using the serial console to access the PC-500.

When the SCSI.DAT BIOS is combined with the video BIOS, then both

BIOSs can be programmed at once. For more information on combining these two BIOSs, refer to the README.DOC on the SCSI utility disk.

See also

For more information on supported video BIOS files, see the VGA 65550 utility disk and its README.TXT file. See the SETUP programs and the Console devices chapters for more information on enabling/disabling the video BIOS.

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PHDISK.EXE

Purpose

This support command creates a Save to Disk partition on an IDE hard drive.

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Syntax

PHDISK

Remarks

This program modifies the partition table on an IDE hard drive so that a “save to disk” can be performed. The size of the partition includes system information such as interrupt controllers, floppy disk controller, etc. It also includes video RAM and system DRAM contents. Since the

DRAM contents are included, the size of system DRAM (at the time

PHDISK is executed) is used in calculating the size of the partition. A

4 MB DRAM system requires more than 6 MB of partition space. Once created, it cannot be enlarged without destroying other partitions.

WARNING!

If a partition already exists on the hard drive, this program will destroy it! Execute PHDISK first, then install other partitions using FDISK or other OS partitioning programs.

To use the save to disk feature, the PMISETUP SAVE-TO-DISK option must be set to Y. The IDE drive must also be the first drive, therefore the SETSSD /after option should be used. The save to disk feature works with true IDE drives only.

See the FDISK command in your DOS manual for more information about partitions.

See the SETUP programs chapter for information on PMISETUP. See the CPU power management chapter for more information on save to disk.

See also

PMISETUP.EXE (save-to-disk), SETSSD.EXE.

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PICOFA.SYS

Purpose

An alternate way to access the on-board SSD. By using this driver, it is possible to free up the address area at D8000h-Dffffh by removing jumper x.

B-13


Syntax

PICOFA.SYS

Remarks

This command will not allow booting from an SSD.

≡

PMISETUP.EXE

Purpose

This support command allows modification of the power management options.

Syntax

PMISETUP inputfile [/SHOWALL] [/DEFAULT] [/P] [/?]

Parameters

n inputfile specifies the file containing PMISETUP commands.

n /SHOWALL specifies to show all of the power management options on screen.

n /DEFAULT specifies the BIOS defaults that are to be loaded first before the inputfile is used.

n /P specifies to enable pausing between screens for viewing when using the /SHOWALL option.

n /? displays a short help screen for the PMISETUP program. No other arguments are to be included on the command line when the /? is used.

See also

SLOW.PMI, QUICK.PMI in the /EXAMPLES directory provided on the

PC-500 utility disk.

Also, see the PMISETUP section in the SETUP programs chapter.

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REMDISK.EXE

Purpose

This support command allows access to a disk drive on a remote system via a serial cable and standard PC style (8250 UART) serial port.

Syntax

REMDISK [/U] [/?] [/Bnnnn] [+] [/COMn]

Parameters

n /U tells REMDISK to unload itself from memory, thereby disabling the new drive letter and freeing the memory occupied by REMDISK.

The option can only be used when REMDISK is installed from the

DOS command line. A Remote Disk installed via CONFIG.SYS

cannot be unloaded.

n /? displays a short help screen for the REMDISK program. No other arguments are to be included on the command line when the /? is used.

n /Bnnnn selects the baud rate for transmission. Available baud rates are 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115k.

The default baud rate is 115k.

n + is an optional argument which specifies packet style transmission.

This is recommended for any baud rates over 19200. The default for this option is to include the + for packet transmission.

n COMn is an optional argument which selects the communication port. Available ports are 1 and 2. COM1 is the default port.

Note To use the Remote Disk, both the REMDISK and the REMSERV programs must be running on their respective systems. Both programs must use the same baud rate and packet or non-packet style transmission. It does not matter which program is installed first.

Remarks

In a Remote Disk setup, one system, the one that will share its drives, is termed the Server. The other system, the one that will access and use the remote drives, is called the Client. The serial ports on both systems must be connected via a null modem cable. A cabling diagram for a standard cable is shown below.

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Software utilities

Figure B-1 Cabling diagram for a standard cable


B-16

Run REMDISK.EXE on the Client system. This program creates a new drive letter for the Client. REMDISK will use the next available system drive letter. For example, if the last assigned drive was D:, REMDISK will create a drive E:. This drive acts in all ways just like any other drive, except for the fact that it requires the serial port to do its job.

REMDISK.EXE can be installed using a DEVICE= command in

CONFIG.SYS or from the DOS prompt.

Example 1

To install the REMDISK program from CONFIG.SYS at 19200, on

COM1, using packet style transmission, enter the following in

CONFIG.SYS and then reboot the system (remember to include the full path to find REMDISK.EXE if not located in the root directory):

DEVICE=REMDISK.EXE /B19200 +

Example 2

To display a help screen for REMDISK, enter the following at the DOS prompt:

REMDISK /?

Example 3

To install REMDISK from the DOS prompt or from a batch file (like

AUTOEXEC.BAT) at 9600 baud, without packet style transmission, on

COM2, enter the following;

REMDISK /B9600 /COM2

Example 4

To unload the REMDISK installed from the batch file or the DOS prompt, type:

REMDISK /U


See also

REMSERV.EXE

Software utilities

≡

REMQUIT.COM

Purpose

This support command cancels a REMSERV session on a remote system.

Syntax

REMQUIT

Remarks

Once a REMDISK/REMSERV connection is no longer needed, the

REMQUIT command is used (on the same CPU running REMDISK) to cancel the REMSERV command. You may also press the ESC key if you have access to a local keyboard to the CPU running REMSERV.

See also

REMSERV.EXE, REMDISK.EXE

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REMSERV.EXE

Purpose

This support command makes a single drive at a time on the server system available to the Client. The available drive can be changed at any time by quitting the REMSERV program and then running the program again with a new drive letter.

Syntax

REMSERV.EXE d: [/Bnnnn] [+] [/COMn] [/S]

B-17


Parameters

n d: represents the letter of the drive that the Server will make available to the Client.

n /Bnnnn selects the baud rate for transmission. Available baud rates are 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115k.

The default baud rate is 115k.

n + is an optional argument which specifies packet style transmission.

This is recommended for any baud rates over 19200. The default for this option is to include the + for packet transmission.

n COMn is an optional argument which selects the communication port. Available ports are 1 and 2. COM1 is the default port.

n /S instructs REMSERV to run silently, that is without any screen output.

n /? is an unlisted option which is used to print a short help screen for the REMSERV program. If the /? is used, the drive letter argument is omitted, for example:

REMSERV /?

Example 1

To select drive B: as the available Server drive at 115K baud, packet style transmission, using COM1, you would enter the following:

REMSERV B:

Example 2

To set drive C: as the Server disk at 9600 baud, without packet style transmission, on COM2, you would enter the following:

REMSERV C: /B9600 /COM2

Note The Server program can be terminated at any time by pressing the

<ESC> key. The Client can then no longer access the Server’s drive until the REMSERV program is run again.

See also

REMDISK.EXE

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RESET.COM

Purpose

This support command enables the watchdog timer and allows time-out to expire, thus restarting the system.

Syntax

RESET

Remarks

The RESET command also restarts all the expansion I/O cards on the bus. This differs from a <CTRL><ALT><DEL> reboot of the system which only restarts the system but not the expansion cards. The RE-

SET button on the PC-500 also accomplishes the same thing as the

RESET command.

≡

SCONSOLE.EXE

Purpose

This support command checks whether the system is running on a serial console.

Syntax

SCONSOLE

Remarks

This command is useful in batch programs to detect if the serial console is in use.

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SETIRQ.EXE

Purpose

This support command programs new IRQ matrix files in the PC-500 utility disk. The matrix file remaps bus IRQs, RS-232/485 data, EZ I/O, and COM5 and COM6 base address options.

Syntax

SETIRQ mapfile.isp

Parameters

n mapfile.isp is the ISP file found in the the IRQ directory of the utility disk.

Example

To program the factory default map file, enter:

SETIRQ 500_001.ISP

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SETSSD.EXE

Purpose

This support command configures PICO FA device order.

Syntax

SETSSD [SSDn] [SSDm] [/before | /after] [/NoSSD] [/?]

[/D] [/QNX+ | /QNX-] [/SSD0BIOS+ | /SSD0BIOS-]

Parameters

n SSDn specifies one SSD.

n SSDm specifies two SSDs.

n /before is an optional parameter that indicates the SSDs are to be allocated before any hard drives. The first SSD specified will be the boot device.

n /after is an optional parameter that indicates the SSDs are to be allocated after any hard drives. The hard drive will be the boot device. This is the default.

B-20

PC-500 user’s manual Software utilities n /NoSSD is an optional parameter that specifies that no SSDs are to be allocated.

n /? displays a short help screen for the SETSSD program. No other arguments are to be included on the command line when the /? is used.

n /D is an optional parameter that specifies SETSSD to use its defaults.

n /QNX+ enables the QNX drive option.

n /QNX- disables the QNX drive option (default).

n /SSD0BIOS+ reserves the BIOS area of SSD0 (default).

n /SSD0BIOS- does not reserve the BIOS area of SSD0.

Example 1

Enter the following command to enable the QNX drive compatible mode:

SETSSD SSD1 SSD0 /QNX+

Once the mode is set, the drive is no longer readable by Phoenix

PICOFA as a DOS drive. The system can boot from the QNX drive in

SSD1, when the system is programmed with a QNX drive image.

Example 2

To enable the PICOFA compatible mode, enter the following command:

SETSSD SSD1 SSD0 /QNX-

If the SSDs were programmed with a QNX drive image, use PFORMAT to reformat the SSD.

Remarks

If the boot order in SETUP is set to “A: THEN C:,” the system tries to boot from a floppy (if one exists) and then it tries to boot from the C: drive. The C: drive can be either an SSD or an HDD depending upon which switch, /before or /after, was selected. If the boot order is set to

"C: ONLY," the floppy check is not performed. You may override the order of the SSD by removing the USESETUP jumper.

When /QNX+ is enabled and when PICO FA reports to SSD1, PICO FA communicates “+QNX/ROM.” When /SSD0BIOS- is enabled and when

PICO FA reports to SSD0, PICO FA communicates “-FULL.” Drives

PFORMATTED with /SSD0BIOS+ are not recognized when

/SSD0BIOS- is used. Drives PFORMATTED with /SSD0BIOS- are not recognized when /SSD0BIOS+ is used. When this option is changed, use

PFORMAT again to reformat the SSD0 drive.

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See also

See the SETSSD section in the SETUP programs chapter. See also the

Third party support appendix for more details on QNX usage.

≡

SETUP.COM

Purpose

This support command configures various system parameters, including serial ports, a parallel port, and a floppy and hard drive.

Syntax

SETUP [/D]

Parameter

n /D returns all setup values to default values.

Remarks

From the directory where this utility file is located, enter:

SETUP

After the copyright message displays, the main menu appears:

OCTAGON SYSTEMS CORPORATION

PC500 SETUP UTILITY Vx.x

(c) Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. 1985, 1995

_________________________________________________

(Press SPACE to CHANGE, ENTER to ACCEPT, ESC to EXIT)

Serial Console on COM1:

COM1 Console Baud Rate:


Boot Sequence:

Serial Port COM1:


COM2:


Parallel (LPT) Port:

Parallel Port Mode:



Onboard Floppy Controller:

Swap drives A and B:


Onboard IDE Interface:

Primary Master Fixed Disk:

ENABLED

9600

ENABLED

C: ONLY

ENABLED

3F8h (default)

ENABLED

2F8h

ENABLED

Bidirectional Printer Port

378h

1

ENABLED

NO

3.5", 1.44 MB

ENABLED

AUTO

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Primary Slave Fixed Disk:

Secondary Master Fixed Disk:

Secondary Slave Fixed Disk:

Internal CPU cache:

Limit CPU to half speed

NONE

NONE

NONE

ENABLED

NO

SETUP Entry via Hotkey:

Power Management:

Doze Clock (slow, stop):

Time Update after Suspend:

ENABLED

ENABLED

SLOW

ENABLED

DIMM Module Type: EDO

Enable ROM at C0000h-C7FFFh: ENABLED

Enable ROM at C8000h-CFFFFh: ENABLED

Enable ROM at D8000h-DFFFFh: ENABLED

Shadow C0000h-C7FFFh:

Shadow C8000h-CFFFFh:

Shadow D0000h-D7FFFh:

Shadow D8000h-DFFFFh:

ENABLED

ENABLED

DISABLED

DISABLED

Press ENTER to SAVE the changes or

Press ESC to EXIT without saving the changes.

Options Saved.


PC500 C:\>

Note Executing SETUP /D will change all setup parameters to default values.

See also

See the SETUP programs chapter for more information. You may also enter SETUP at post time by entering the “backspace” and “s” keys.

≡

TESTRFA.EXE

Purpose

This support command tests PICO FA drives.

Syntax

TESTRFA [/Sn] [/A] [/E] [/F]

Parameters

n /Sn is an optional parameter that specifies the socket to be tested.

The variable n represents a value from 0 to 1, where 0 represents the first* PICO FA drive and 1 represents the second* PICO FA drive.

* = As apparently set by the SETSSD command.

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Software utilities PC-500 user’s manual n /A is an optional parameter that specifies all sockets are to be tested.

n /E is an optional parameter that specifies test writing to every byte.

n /F is an optional parameter that specifies a “full” test. This option is equivalent to /A and /E combined.

n No parameters on the command line will display a help message.

WARNING!

After this program is executed, the drive tested will require reformatting using the PFORMAT program.

See also

SETSSD.EXE, PFORMAT.EXE

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TRANSFER.EXE

Purpose

This support command transfers files to or from the PC-500 over a serial port.

Syntax

TRANSFER filepath [/S | /R] [/Bxxxx] [/V] [/COMx]

Parameters

n filepath specifies the file pathname to send or receive.

n /S specifies to send the file.

n /R specifies to receive the file. This is the default.

n /Bxxxx specifies baud rate of transfer where xxxx can be (300, 1200,


n /V enables the display of “R” when a block (128 bytes) is received, or

“T” when a block is transmitted.

Note Do not use /V when COM1 is the console device.

B-24

PC-500 user’s manual Software utilities n /COMx specifies the serial port to use where x represents a value from 1-4. The default is 1.

Example 1

To send a file named C:\MPC\DEMO\DEMO.EXE on the PC-500 when using COM1 as the console, enter the following command:

TRANSFER D:DEMO.EXE

On the remote PC executing SmartLINK, press <ALT> <D>, type

C:\MPC\DEMO\DEMO.EXE, and then press ENTER.

Example 2

To send a file named D:DEMO.BAS to the file C:\TEST.BAS on the remote PC when using COM1 as the console, enter the following on the

PC-500:

TRANSFER /S D:DEMO.BAS

On the remote PC executing SmartLINK, press <ALT> <U>, type

C:\TEST.BAS, and then press <ENTER>.

Example 3

To send a file named C:\DEMO\DEMO.EXE from a remote PC to the file named D:\DEMO.EXE on the PC-500 at 57600 baud with a serial cable from COM2 on the remote PC and COM1 on the PC-500, enter the following command on the PC-500:

TRANSFER D:\DEMO.EXE /R /V /B57600

Then enter the following command on the remote PC:

TRANSFER C:\DEMO\DEMO.EXE /S /V /COM2 /B57600

To receive a file named D:\MYAPP.EXE from the PC-500 and name it

C:\APPS\MYAPP2.EXE on the remote PC over a serial cable connected to COM1 on both systems at 9600 baud, enter the following command on the PC-500:

TRANSFER D:\MYAPP.EXE /S

Then enter the following command on the remote PC:

TRANSFER C:\APPS\MYAPP2.EXE

Remarks

The TRANSFER command communicates with other XMODEM compatible file transfer programs.

The serial port on the PC-500 requires a null modem adapter when connected to a serial port on the remote PC. See the Serial ports chapter more information.

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The maximum baud rate is dependent on the processor speeds of the remote PC and the PC-500.

The received file size is rounded up to the nearest 128 byte boundary.

See also

REMDISK.EXE, REMSERV.EXE

≡

VDISK.SYS

Purpose

This device driver allows the user to use memory as a disk.

Syntax

DEVICE= VDISK [size [secs [dirs]]] [/E] [/NOTIFEXT]

Parameters

n size specifies the size of the VDISK in kilo (K) bytes. The default is

64K if base memory is selected. Otherwise, if /E is entered, then the size of the VDISK is all available extended memory (size is 64K smaller if DOS is loaded HIGH). The memory selected will be allocated from the DOS memory pool, decreasing the amount of memory available for programs, unless the extended memory switch is used.

n secs specifies the sector size in bytes. The default is 512 bytes per sector. This value must be 128, 256, 512 or 1024. All other values are not valid and the default of 512 bytes will be used.

n dirs specifies the number of root directory entries. The default is 64 directory entries. There may be any number of root directory entries between 2 and 1024. If an odd number is given, it will be rounded up to the nearest multiple of 16, in order to fill the entire sector.

n /E causes VDISK to use extended memory (memory above the 1 MB boundary) instead of DOS program memory for the disk.

n /NOTIFEXT causes the virtual drive to not be installed if extended memory exists.

Note Interrupts are turned off during the transfer of data from extended memory to conventional memory.

The VDISK increases the resident size of DOS.

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Remarks

VDISK allows the user to partition some of the computer's memory as a disk. This disk is called a RAM disk or Virtual Disk. A RAM disk is much faster than either a floppy or hard disk. The RAM drive can use either standard DOS program memory or extended memory (above

1 MB) for the disk.

Any data on the VDISK is lost when the system power is turned off.

Example 1

DEVICE=VDISK.SYS

The above example builds a 64K RAM disk in DOS memory.

Example 2

DEVICE=C:\DOS\VDISK.SYS 220 /E

This example builds a 220K RAM disk in extended memory. The

VDISK device driver is loaded from the C: drive and the \DOS directory. VDISK assumes the default 512 byte sector size, and 64 directory entries.

Example 3

DEVICE=VDISK.SYS 45 128 18

The above example builds a 45K RAM disk in DOS memory. There will be 128 byte sectors and 18 root directory entries.

Example 4

DEVICE=VDISK.SYS /E

On a 2 MB system, the above example allocates a 1024K drive in extended memory (960K is allocated if DOS is loaded HIGH).

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Appendix C:

Third party support

Third party support

≡

Using QNX on the PC-500

To use QNX on the PC-500, follow the steps below:

1. Boot from a floppy or a hard drive that has QNX installed on your system.

2. Program SSD1 with the QNX image. See the Programming QNX into

SSD1 section below.

3. To boot from SSD1 with QNX, execute SETSSD SSD1 /QNX+.

Programming QNX into SSD1

The PC-500 contains a reserved 192K area located in front of the SSD1 flash. The EFSYS.500 driver from Octagon reserves this space automatically. Use the sample files from Octagon’s QNX utility disk to program QNX into SSD1.

Note When QNX+ is in the SETSSD command line, i.e.

SETSSD SSD1 SSD0/QNX+ then the QNX drive option is enabled. Once your system is in the QNX mode, SSD1 cannot be used as a drive from DOS. TESTRFA will not work on SSD1.

≡

Using M-Systems DiskOnChip (DOC)

To use the M-Systems DiskOnChip (DOC) module with your PC-500, follow these steps:

1. Run:

SETSSD SSD1 /before


3. Confirm that the BIOSDEV jumper is set to SSD1.

4. Make sure SSD0 is jumpered for flash by configuring W5[1-2, 3-4, 5-6,

9-10] W2[7-8].

5. Install the DOC module into SSD0. Make sure to orient pin 1 on the

DOC module with pin 1 on SSD0.

C-1

Third party support PC-500 user’s manual

WARNING!

Installing the DOC module into the wrong position on SSD0 of the PC-500 board will permanently damage the DOC module.


7. Execute:

DOCPRGO /F:OCT1202.BIN /W

Note The DOCPRGO.EXE and the OCT1202.BIN are on the DOC utility disk.

8. Reset your system.

9. Execute:

TFORMAT 2 /BOOTSIZE:128K

Note To access the DOC module, execute the TFORMAT command line at the same time you execute the operating system.

10. Reset your system.

11. Access the DOC drive as drive D:.

Note If a hard disk is installed, change Step 9 to the following command:

TFORMAT 3 /BOOTSIZE:128K

Then access the DOC drive as drive E: (Step 10).

Booting from the DOC drive

1. Add an operating system to the DOC. For ROM DOS, use the SYS command.

2. Execute:

SETSSD SSD1 /after

3. Reset the system.

C-2

PC-500 user’s manual Accessories

Appendix D:

Accessories

Table D-1 PC-500 mating connectors

Connector Name

J4

J10

J8

J17

J2

J3

Speaker

OPTOA/OPTOB

Battery

COM5

Keyboard

Mouse

Description

4-pin, in-line connector

6-pin DIN receptacle

J13

J14

J16

J11

P8, P9

J15

J18

J1

J5

J12

J7

J6

COM1/COM2

COM3/COM4

LPT1 printer

EZ I/O

Power

20-pin shrouded header


6-pin connector

Floppy

IDE hard drive

PC/104 interface

Flat panel

SCSI

PC-video

SVGA CRT analog


44-position

2mm x 2 header

PC/104 8- or

16-bit receptacle




Mating receptacle

DuPont BERG

#65039-033 housing

#48235-000 crimp to

wire pins

AMP

#212437-4 shield/housing

#212435-7 ferrule

#66728-5 pin contacts

#212800-1 cord guard

AMP

#746288-4 receptacle

#499252-2 strain relief

AMP



Molex

#90331-x101 housing

#08-50-0276 crimp

terminal

AMP



AMP


Samtec

#ESQ-132-14-G-D (8 bit)

#ESQ-120-14-G-D (16 bit)

AMP

#1-746288-0 receptacle


AMP

#1-111196-2 receptacle

AMP



D-1

Accessories PC-500 user’s manual

Table D-2 Cables and terminal board

Product

VTC-20F

Null modem adapter

VGA-12

CMA-26-12

CMA-26-24

3.5" hard drive adapter

STB-26

Description

Dual serial cable

9-pin to 9-pin

Octagon part number

4866

2470

VGA monitor cable

12" cable for EZ I/O port

24" cable for EZ I/O port

2mm connector to 2.5", 3.5" hard drive

4865

2776

1257

4080

Terminal board, 26-position 2905

Table D-3 Memory devices

Address

00000h-9FFFFh

A0000h-BFFFFh

C0000h-C7FFFh*

Description

System memory

Off–card memory

Video BIOS, 1st 32 KB

C8000h-CFFFFh*

D0000h-D7FFFh

D8000h-DFFFFh

E0000h-E7FFFh

E8000h-EFFFFh

F0000h-FFFFFh

Video BIOS, 2nd 32KB and SCSI BIOS area

Off–card memory

INT 17h and PICO FA extension area

32 KB BIOS extension area (reserved for power management)

32 KB SSD memory paging window

64 KB BIOS area

100000h-1FFFFFFh 32 KB addressable extended memory

* = default

D-2

PC-500 user’s manual Accessories

Table D-4 LCD displays and keypads

Product

LCD–4 x 20

LCD–4 x 40

2010

KP-1

KP-2-16

Description

LCD display w/cable,

40 character

LCD display w/cable,

80 character

LCD display/keypad interface

Keypad w/cable, 16-key, low cost

Keypad w/cable, 16-key, relegendable


2783

2784

3909

1218

1736

Table D-5 Opto rack and modules

COM ports

COM1 standard

COM2 standard

COM3 (optional)

COM4 (optional)

COM5 (optional)

Standard features full 8-wire interface full 8-wire interface full 8-wire interface full 8-wire interface

2-wire RS-485 interface/

2-wire TTL serial port





4-wire industrial interface none

Table D-6 Miscellaneous part numbers

Product

AT battery

PC SmartLINK

IV

CAMBASIC

Description

Calendar/clock battery backup

Terminal emulation software

Multitasking, industrial control programming language


3186

3447

4059

D-3

Accessories PC-500 user’s manual

D-4

PC-500 user’s manual Warranty

Warranty

Octagon Systems Corporation (Octagon), warrants that its standard hardware products will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for the current established warranty period. Octagon’s obligation under this warranty shall not arise until

Buyer returns the defective product, freight prepaid to Octagon’s facility or another specified location. Octagon’s only responsibility under this warranty is, at its option, to replace or repair, free of charge, any defective component part of such products.

Limitations on warranty

The warranty set forth above does not extend to and shall not apply to:

1. Products, including software, which have been repaired or altered by other than Octagon personnel, unless Buyer has properly altered or repaired the products in accordance with procedures previously approved in writing by Octagon.

2. Products which have been subject to power supply reversal, misuse, neglect, accident, or improper installation.

3. The design, capability, capacity, or suitability for use of the Software.

Software is licensed on an “AS IS” basis without warranty.

The warranty and remedies set forth above are in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied, oral or written, either in fact or by operation of law, statutory or otherwise, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, which Octagon specifically disclaims. Octagon neither assumes nor authorizes any other liability in connection with the sale, installation or use of its products.

Octagon shall have no liability for incidental or consequential damages of any kind arising out of the sale, delay in delivery, installation, or use of its products.

Service policy

1. If a product should fail during the warranty period, it will be repaired free of charge. For out of warranty repairs, the customer will be invoiced for repair charges at current standard labor and materials rates.

2. Customers that return products for repairs, within the warranty period, and the product is found to be free of defect, may be liable for the minimum current repair charge.

Warranty PC-500 user’s manual

Returning a product for repair

Upon determining that repair services are required, the customer must:

1. Obtain an RMA (Return Material Authorization) number from the

Customer Service Department, 303-430–1500.

2. If the request is for an out of warranty repair, a purchase order number or other acceptable information must be supplied by the customer.

3. Include a list of problems encountered along with your name, address, telephone, and RMA number.

4. Carefully package the product in an antistatic bag. (Failure to package in antistatic material will VOID all warranties.) Then package in a safe container for shipping.

5. Write RMA number on the outside of the box.

6. For products under warranty, the customer pays for shipping to Octagon. Octagon pays for shipping back to customer.

7. Other conditions and limitations may apply to international shipments.

Note PRODUCTS RETURNED TO OCTAGON FREIGHT COLLECT OR

WITHOUT AN RMA NUMBER CANNOT BE ACCEPTED AND WILL

BE RETURNED FREIGHT COLLECT.

Returns

There will be a 15% restocking charge on returned product that is unopened and unused, if Octagon accepts such a return. Returns will not be accepted 30 days after purchase. Opened and/or used products, non-standard products, software and printed materials are not returnable without prior written agreement.

Governing law

This agreement is made in, governed by and shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Colorado.

The information in this manual is provided for reference only. Octagon does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of the information or products described in this manual. This manual may contain or reference information and products protected by copyrights or patents. No license is conveyed under the rights of Octagon or others.

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