Sunny Island 5048U Product Training

Sunny Island 5048U

Product Training

Agenda n n n n n n n n

What is Sunny Island ?

Configuration options

Hardware and Wiring

Battery & BMS

Generators & GMS

System Management

MMC/SD card

Communication

2

What is Sunny Island 5048U

What is Sunny Island 5048 ?

n

A modular, bi-directional, battery based inverter designed for off-grid and backup power applications n

A utility-interactive grid-tied inverter for use with 48 Vdc sources n

A hybrid system controller for systems with multiple energy sources o o

Battery charge control

Generator management o System management n

A data logger and communications device o o

Optimize system performance

Troubleshooting o Remotely monitor, program and control system

4

Overview - Off-Grid Power System n n n n

Typically in remote areas

Stand-alone power supply

Multiple energy sources are typically present

Flexible system architecture adapts to local supplies and conditions

5

Overview - Backup Power System n n n n

Grid-feeding when grid is operating normally

Power supply during short or long term grid failures

Transparent “near UPS” switching times (16 ms)

Charge and maintain battery when grid returns

6

Sunny Island – Basic Tasks n n

Grid monitoring

Grid forming o

Supply and control of frequency o

Supply and control of voltage n

Supply of power o

Supply of active power o

Supply of reactive power n

Transfer and conversion of energy o

Conversion from AC into DC for battery charging o

Conversion from DC into AC for supply of energy n

Control of external loads and energy sources o

Load control o

Generator start /stop

7

Sunny Island Family

8

Sunny Island Development History

Sunny Island

4248/4248U

Sunny Island

4500

Sunny Islands

5048 / 5048U

2001

CHP applications,

Special applications

ROW Only

2004

Small systems, Single device applications

US and ROW Versions

2007

Multicluster systems,

High Power, variety of functions

US and ROW Versions

9

Sunny Island Products – Overview

SI4248U Properties

Parallel operation

3-phase operation

Grid and generator support

DC-coupling possible

Extended battery, load and generator management

Quick Configuration

Guide

Data logging and

Programming with

MMC/SD Card

SI4500

ü

ü

ü

ü

ü

ü

SI5048U

ü

ü

ü

ü

ü

ü

ü

10

SI 5048U – Technical Data

Nominal AC power (25°C)

Nominal AC voltage

Nominal frequency

Maximum AC Output current

Nominal DC voltage

Maximum efficiency

5.0 kW

Continuous

120 V

60 Hz

120 Amps

48 V

>95%

6.5 kW

30min

/ 8.4 kW

1min

Integrated Isolation Relay

Losses Idle/Standby

Maximum System Size

Other Features

56 Amps

Continuous

112 Amps (26.9 kW) with stacked Sunny Islands

25W/4W

1~/2~/3~ 20 kW/20 kW/ 15 kW

SD/MMC Card, Single Point of Operation

AC Coupling/DC Coupling/Both

11

Efficiency optimized for off grid systems n

High efficiency in both invert and charge modes o o o

Max. Efficiency > 95 %

Optimized for low load operation (

η

> 90 % from P= 5 - 100%)

Power dependant “sleep mode” for parallel slave units

1,00

0,90

0,80

0,70

0,60

0,50

0,40

0,30

0,20

0,10

0,00

0 1000 2000 3000

AC-Power [W]

4000 5000

ETA

12


Hardware and Connections

Front Panel - Easy To Use n

Single Point of Operation o

Master unit is the only user interface

- Settings, observe values, initiate switching & timers o

Master unit monitors and controls Slave units

- Software updates at Master, Master updates the Slaves n

Integrated MMC Card o

Logging of all data and parameters

(last 100 Days) o

Logging of all event, warning, and failure messages (last100 Days) o

Software-Update via MMC Card o

Logging of all settings and parameters on MMC Card

14

Sunny Island Enclosure n n

Corrosion resistant painted die cast aluminum

Incorporates SMA‘s patented Opticool system o

No air blowing on sensitive electronics o

Large ambient temperature range (-25 to +50°C) o

Maintains output power at high temperatures (4 kW at 45°C)

Warm exhaust air

Cold air intake

15

Sunny Island 5048 – Interior View

Inverter bridge board

DC Breaker

DC Connections

AC Connections

Display and

Keypad

SD/MMC Card

Control board

Communication area

Programmable

Relays

16

Sunny Island 5048 – Knockouts

(2) ¾” knock outs for

AC connections

(1) 1.5” knock out for DC

(2) ¾” knockouts for communications

17

1 ½ ” knock out for DC Conductors

PE

+

-

Two 1/0 positive

Equipment Ground #4 AWG

Two 1/0 Negative

18

Sunny Island 5048 – Wiring

* DC Equip. Ground– 1/0

DC Pos./Neg. – Dual 1/0

Communication

Cables

RJ-45 “Ethernet”

AC1 L/N

AWG 6/4

AC2 L/N

AWG 6/4

AC Equip. Ground

AWG 6/4

CAN Buss for

Inverter control

Control Relays

AWG 24 typical

* Suggestion: Ground DC negative at battery terminal

19

Connections to Sunny Island 5048

20


AC and DC Coupling

What is “Coupling“?

Supply bus n

Supply line from the source to the load forms a “bus“

Charge controller

DC bus n

DC coupling: Connection of sources and loads via a DC bus

22

AC Coupling

AC bus n

AC coupling: Connection of sources and loads via an AC bus

23

Advantages of AC Coupling: Planning n

Simple design o

Manageable o

Modular n

Special knowledge is not required o

Standard energy sources o

Standard installation technologies can be used n

Little efforts o

Low planning costs o

Little planning time

24

Advantages of AC Coupling: Flexibility

AC bus

Up to miles n n n

Large selection of loads, energy sources, and system components

Great distances between components are possible

Simple expansion even after some years

25

Advantages of AC Coupling: Components n

Independent selection of components o

Free choice due to grid compatibility o

Free choice due to variety of AC sources o

Free choice due to variety of AC loads n

Low costs of components due to o strong market competition o availability almost worldwide

26

Advantages of AC Coupling: Expandable n

Adding Sunny Islands o without changing other components o without reconfiguring the wiring o independent of distances n

Extension of phase number o from 1-phase to 3-phase o from 1-phase to split phase n

Increase of source power without additional costs n

Addition of loads without additional costs

27

Efficiency with AC coupling (92% Inverter)

NiCd-Battery:

η

= 55 .. 60 .. 65 %

LiIon-Battery:

η

= 90 .. 92 .. 95 %

Lead acid battery:

η

= 80 .. 85 .. 90 %

Assumption: 40 % of energy is consumed directly!

PV Usage:

η

= 95 % direct consumption:

η

= 92 .. 95 .. 98 %

Sunny Island Sunny Boy

120/240V/60Hz

Discharging:

η

= 92 %

Charging:

η

= 90 .. 92 .. 95 %

Direct Consumption = E x 40 % x 95 % = 38 % E

Via Battery = E x 60 % x 95 % x 92 % x 85 % x 92 % = 41 % E

}

∑ 79 %

28

Efficiency of MPP DC coupling (92% inverter)

Lead acid battery:

η

= 80 .. 85 .. 90 %


MPP Charge controller

Sunny Island

120/240V/60Hz

Direct consumption = E x 40 % x 97 % x 92 % = 36 % E

Over Battery = E x 60 % x 97 % x 85 % x 92 % = 45 % E

}

∑ 81 %

29

Efficiency with MPP DC coupling (92% inverter)

9 5 %

9 0 %

8 5 %

8 0 %

7 5 %

7 0 %

6 5 %

6 0 %

5 5 %

5 0 %

1 0 % 2 0 % 3 0 % 4 0 % 5 0 % 6 0 % 7 0 % 8 0 % 9 0 %

D ir e ct co nsum p t io n

AC co up ling SI5 0 4 8

DC co up ling SI5 0 4 8

30

Efficiency with MPP DC coupling (90% Inverter)

Lead acid battery:

η

= 80 .. 85 .. 90 %


MPP Charge Controller

Inverter

230V/50Hz

Direct consumption = E x 40 % x 97 % x 90 % = 35 % E

Over battery = E x 60 % x 97 % x 85 % x 90 % = 44 % E

}

∑ 79 %

31

Efficiency with MPP DC coupling (90% inverter)

9 5 %

9 0 %

8 5 %

8 0 %

7 5 %

7 0 %

6 5 %

6 0 %

5 5 %

5 0 %

1 0 % 2 0 % 3 0 % 4 0 % 5 0 % 6 0 % 7 0 % 8 0 % 9 0 %

D ir e ct co nsum p t io n

A C co up ling

DC co up ling

32

Efficiency with PWM DC coupling

Lead acid battery:

η

= 80 .. 85 .. 90 %

Approach: 40 % are consumed directly!

PWM Charger

Inverter

“ MPP Factor:”

120/240V/50Hz

Direct consumption = E x 40 % x 99 % x 80% x 90 % = 29 % E x 99 % x 80% x 85 % x 90 % = 36 % E

}

∑ 65 %

Over battery = E x 60 %

33

Efficiency with PWM DC coupling

9 5 %

9 0 %

8 5 %

8 0 %

7 5 %

7 0 %

6 5 %

6 0 %

5 5 %

5 0 %

1 0 % 2 0 % 3 0 % 4 0 % 5 0 % 6 0 %

D ir e ct co nsum p t o n

7 0 % 8 0 % 9 0 %

A C co up ling

DC co up ling

34

Overview of AC / DC Coupling

Requirement

Installation

Distances

Extensibility

Costs

Loads to be supplied

Power

Black Start Capability

AC Coupling

++ standard

+ in the miles range

specific

DC Coupling

- in the feet range

++ extendable

0 very limited

++ standard products, modular

- expensive loads/wiring

++ all

++ up to MW

-

Dc only

- lower kW range

limited – requires load shed relay function

++ occurs automatically

35


System Configuration Options

Single Phase Configuration (120V )

Stand-alone plus optional 120/240V autoformer

One Master and one to 4 slaves

37

Dual Split Phase (Single Phase 240)

38

Three Phase

39

Definition – Cluster / Mulit-cluster (SI Collective) n

Cluster = Several Sunny Islands, One Battery, Common Load n

* Multi-cluster = Several Clusters in parallel operation (SI Collective)

* Multi-Cluster configuration NOT available in US Today

40

Planned village power supply (78kW)

41

System Design - Conclusions n

Highest Flexibility

o

AC and/or DC coupled systems are possible o

Single phase, split phase, and three phase configurations o

Interactive operation with generator and/or public grid o

For Off-Grid Systems up to 20 kW per cluster in (Single- or Split phase), 15 kW per cluster in 3 Phase o

Larger systems possible in future with multi-cluster box (MCB)

=

=

...

MCB

Multi-Cluster-

Box

42

Configuring Sunny Island 5048U

Easy Configuration

Quick Start Guide – Several Options n

"Start System" (if you have accidentally accessed the QCG and only would like to restart the system) n

"New System" (if you would like to start a new system or perform changes to the system configuration) – n

"New Battery" (if you would like to change the main battery settings, but retain the system configuration) – n

"Emerg Charge" (if you would like to charge a deeply discharged battery using an external source

44

New System n

Quick Configuration Guide o

Only 6 steps for initial startup of the system

1.

System Configuration ( See Overview Table )

2.

Device Configuration ( Master or Slave# ) a. Slave configuration stops here.

3.

Date and Time

4.

Battery (type and capacity)

5.

Nominal voltage (see below)

6.

Maximum generator current and generator interface

n

Change of system voltage (DC) in case of failed battery cells o

48V, 46V, 44V, 42V adjustable o

Over all, 3 cells can quit working

45

5048U System Management

Sunny Island – System Management n

System Management o

Control of other Sunny Islands o o o

Connection to additional sources

Regulation and control of energy sources

Programmable relay controls n n

Battery Management o o

Efficient battery charge and discharge

Sophisticated charge control algorithms prolong service life o b

Load Management o o

Connection and disconnection of loads

– Based on battery SOC, time of day, load level, etc.

Overload capability for motor starting

47

System Management Functions n

Power Control of other AC-Energy Sources o

(Sunny Boy, Windy Boy, Generator) n

Automatic start and stop of generators o

SOC dependent o

Load dependent o

Time dependant n

Load shedding o

SOC dependent o

Load dependent n

Load dependent control of other Sunny Islands o

(Sleep-Mode)

48

Power management - Droop Mode n n n

Parallel operation of multiple battery inverters with diesel generators and/or public grid

Based on P/f - and Q/V-Statics of energy sources (analogous to conventional public power supplies)

Statistics are implemented within Sunny Island

®

battery inverters

f

f

0

Frequency

Droop

0

∆ f

-2%

P no m

P

V

AC

V

0

∆

V

-6%

Voltage

Droop

0

Q no m

Q

49

Power control of Sunny Boys n

Frequency Shift Power Control

Pac (%)

Fac-delta- (4,5Hz)

Fac-Start delta (1Hz)

100

Fac-Limit delta (2Hz)

50

Fac-delta+ (4,5Hz)

-4 -3 -2 -1 f0 +1 +2 +3 +4

Fac (Hz) o

No additional communication necessary o

A rising grid frequency lowers the energy output of the Sunny

Boys

50

Examples for usage of Droop-Mode

3 Sunny

Islands

SI5048

3 Sunny

Islands

SI5048

51

Relay control n

Relay control by Sunny Island 5048 o

2 integrated relays in each inverter o

Functions are selectable for each relay o

More than 15 different functions available today

– Other functions can be added as needed by market o

More Sunny islands equals more functions (4x Sunny Island within a Cluster = 8 Relays) o

Relays have common, NO & NC connections

52

Relay control functions SI5048U n

SOC dependent (in %) o

At what SOC does the relay close o

At what SOC the relay open o

What is time of day ?

– 2 independent time periods with programmable SOC limits n

Power dependent (in kW and minutes) o

At what power does the relay close o

How long has the power been above the limit before activated o

At what power does the relay open o

How long has the power been below the limit before deactivated

53

Other Relay Control Functions n

Time dependent (Timer based) o

2 independent timers o o o

Cyclic usage (every day at 10:00 / every Friday)

Usage of date and time (on 12.04.2009)

Usage of a running time (01:20:45) n

Other functions o o

Close/open while in absorption phase

Close/open when a warning or failure occurs o o o o o

Close/open while Sunny Island is in operation

Close/open while the generator is in operation

Close/open while the grid is present

Control of battery room fan

Control of battery bubbler (electrolyte circulation pump)

54

System management – System security n

Silent Mode o

Operation grid tied as backup system o

Battery is fully charged o

Loads are completely supplied by grid n

Benefits:

Ø

Stops switching operation

Ø

Ø

Lowers SI internal power consumption (25 Watts >> 4 Watts)

Still transfers loads seamlessly in case of a grid failure

Ø

Ø

Reduces energy needed to keep batteries charged

Switches to float charge periodically to keep battery at high

SOC

Ø

Protects batteries against over charging

55

System management – System security n

Short circuit detection o

Short circuit in Off-Grid system or in an external source o

Current limit is five times the nominal current o

Disconnection of external sources within 20ms o

Carrying of a short circuit current (120 Amps AC) for

100ms o

Allows tripping of over current devices

56

Overview of Safety Features

§

§

§

§

§

§

§

§

§

§

§

DC reverse polarity protection, short circuit safe

Integrated DC breaker

AC current limitation for generator / grid

Over and under voltage detection AC/DC

Over and under AC frequency

Temperature compensated battery charging

High battery temperature shut down

Reactive power compensation of the generator

Generator Relay failure detection

Generator: Reverse Power Detection

Over temperature protection

57

Battery Management System n

Battery types o

FLA: Flooded Lead Acid o

VRLA: Valve Regulated Lead Acid o

NiCd: Nickel Cadmium/Nickel Iron n

Battery capacities o

Capacity range: 100 – 10,000 Ah o

Adjustable battery voltages:

48V, 46V, 44V, 42V n

Accurate evaluation of State-of-Charge o

Adaptive algorithm learns over time o

Based on Voltage, Current, and cycle history

58

BMS Description “State-of-Charge“ n

The “State of Charge“ (SOC) describes the amount of energy contained in the battery as a percentage of it’s capacity n

If there was a battery with a capacity of 100 Ah and there is 70 Ah of energy remaining in this battery, the SOC is 70%.

n

In Sunny Island systems the SOC represents a central value, which is decisive for almost every switching operation within a system.

59

Generator start and load shedding by SOC

SOC

100%

4 different battery states n

Normal (Normal) n

Battery “Low“ (Warning) n

Battery discharged (Low) n

Battery deeply discharged (Critical)

70%

50%

40%

Note: No real SOC is being calculated. The SOC is being approximated out of the current-voltage curve.

60

Adjustable battery SOC limits –1 n

SocLim1 – State-of-Charge Limit

1 o

Value in %, e.g. 70% n

Normal >> Warning o

Generator start requested

SOC

100%

70%

50%

40%

61

Adjustable battery SOC Limits - 2 n


2 o


Warning >> Low o

Load shedding active

SOC

100%

70%

50%

40%

Generator Failure !

62

Adjustable battery SOC Limits - 3 n


3 o


Low >> Critical o

Sunny Island switches to standby

SOC

100%

70%

50%

40%

Generator Failure !

63

Time dependant SOC generator control n n

Two time periods with independent SOC levels can be defined o Lower generator start SOC can be specified to prevent generator operation during night time hours, i.e. “quiet time” o

Still allows generator start request if battery becomes critically low during “quiet time”

Additional time dependant generator run time or load activation can also be scheduled using other programmable relay options on a daily or weekly schedule

SOC %

GenSOCTm1Stp

75%

GenPwrStr

GenPwrStp

GenSOCTm2Stp

50%

GenSOCTm1Str

GenSOCTm2Stp

25%

Time 2

Time 1

0h 6h 12h 18h

G en

Tm

1S tr

Time of Day

G en

Tm

2S tr

Time 2

24h

64

Load dependent generator control n n n

When load power exceeds the programmable Generator Power Start

(GenPwrStr) level the generator will be requested

The generator continues to run as long as load power stay above the programmable Generator Power Stop (GenPwrStp) level, or for the minimum generator running time, whichever is greater.

Both Start and Stop commands require the power to be outside the limits for a programmable time period (GenPwrAvgTm) to avoid starting or stopping due to transient conditions

Pac

GenPwrStr

GenPwrStp

GenPwrStr

GenPwrStp

G en

P w rA vg

Tm

G en

P w rA vg

Tm time

65

Batteries in Sunny Island Systems

Sunny Island Workshop

General Questions on Batteries n

What is application ?

o

Off grid or grid backup n

What is the electrical load on the system ?

o

Are some loads non-critical n

How large is the PV array ?

n

Are other energy sources present ?

o

Generator o

Wind Turbine o

Hydro turbine n

Sizing off grid systems

67

Objectives of the Battery Management System (BMS) n

High availability and safety of operation by o o o

Disconnection in case of over temperature

Disconnection in case of exhaustive discharge

Disconnection in case of overcharge n

Long battery service life by o

Automatic full and equalizing charge

– Doubling of service life o

Prevention of exhaustive discharge by SOC monitoring

– utilization of battery capacity increased by 30% n

Exact SOC determination for user and operational control o

SI 5048 has an integrated SOC calculation

68

Functions of the Battery Management n

Monitoring of the limit values n

Calculation of capacity n

Discharge monitoring / limiting n

Control of battery charging n

Display of the state of charge (SOC )

69

Battery Management: SOC Determination n

Not Possible: o

Direct measurement of SOC n

Possible: o

Mathematic modeling and calculation n o

Complex algorithms are required

Many different variables affect an exact determination n

Battery, history, age, temperature, discharging current, etc. affect the amount of energy available within the battery

SOC determination in the Sunny Island:

Combination of Ah accumulation and self-adapting current/voltage model

70

Charge Modes n n

Boost Charge o

High voltage, short term

– SOC of 85 .. 95% SOC

Full Charge o

Medium voltage, medium term

– SOC of 92 .. 97% n n n

Equalizing Charge o

Medium voltage, long term

– SOC of 95 .. 100%

Float Charge o

Maintaining of battery voltage and state of charge

– Maintaining SOC of 95 .. 100%

Silent Mode o

Prevention of current flowing into and out of the battery

– SOC can be reduced (depending on battery type)

71

Battery Management System

Charging Process

Bulk Charge

(CI Phase)

2

1

3

Boost Charge

(CV Phase)

2 Hours

4

Full Charge

(CV Phase)

5 Hours

4 5

Float Charge

(CV Phase)

6

Silent Mode

(No Charging)

7

2

4

Manual Equalize

Equalization Charge

(CV Phase)

12 Hours

Legend:

(1) If VBat = VbatChg

(2) After time = CycTmEqu (#225.05)

(3) After time = CycTmFuln(#225.04)

(4) IF AptTm Rmg =0 (#120.04)

(5) If SOC < 70% (#120.01)

(6) After time SilentTmFlo (#224.02), Note: in grid tied mode only.

(7) After time SilentTmMax (#224.03), Note: in grid tied mode only.

72

Sunny Island Charging Process

5 hours

5 hours 12 hours 12 hours 5 hours 5 hours 12 hours 12 hours

Max.

Max.

Max.

Max.

Max.

B B u u lk

,

I I

P P h

C h a o a a n se

C st

. u

. rr rr e e n n t t

A b

A so b rp so tio rp

C o n tio n

,

V

V o

C n

, o st

V n

.

P h st

.

P

V a h lta o se a se g e lta g e

A b so

F rp lo tio n

,

V

C a o t,

C n

V

P

P h h a a se o st n

. st

V

. o

V lta o g lta e g e

V

P

F lo a t,

C o n st h a se g e

.

V o lta

S ile n t

M o

N o

C h a d e rg in g

S

F ile lo n t

M o a t,

N o

V

C o

C

P h d n st a h e a se g g e rg in

.

V o lta

F lo a t,

V

P

C o n st h a se

.

V o lta

F

S lo a ile g t, e

C n

N

V t o o n

P st o h a h d

.

V a e se o rg lta in g g e

S ile n t

M o

N o

C h a d e rg in g

S ile

F lo n t

M o

N o a t,

C h

C d e

V a

P h rg in o n st

. a g se g e

V o lta

F lo

F a t, lo a

S

V

C o t,

C

P ile n st time h a

V

P o n n

N

. t st o

V h se

M

. a o lta

C o

V se h a e g o lta e rg in g e g

73

Simple Configuration of the BMS

Parameters:

n

Battery type o

FLA: Flooded Lead Acid

(liquid electrolyte) o

VRLA: Valve Regulated Lead Acid

(defined electrolyte lead-gel and ???fleece batteries AGM) o

NiCd: Nickel-Cadmium n

Nominal battery voltage o

FLA/VRLA:

48 V

(48 .. 42 V) o

NiCd:

45.6 V

(48 .. 43,2 V) n

Battery capacity o

100 Ah

(100Ah .. 10.000 Ah)

Ø

All other values are correctly set automatically

74

Optimum Protection for the Battery n

Integrated Load management for lead-acid batteries with gel,

AGM, or flooded electrolytes n

Display of state of charge (SOC) and “state of health“ (SOH) n

Temperature-compensated battery charge n

Control of electrolyte circulation and ventilation of the battery

box by the Sunny Island n

Optimum protection and long service life for the battery

75


Generators and GMS

Generators – Lots of Choices

§

§

§

§

§

§

§

Fixed or mobile

Diesel, bio-diesel, gasoline, propane, or natural gas

With or without enclosure

With or without sound absorption

From 0.6 kW to 50 MW

With or without simultaneous use of heat (CHP)

1800 RPM or 3600 RPM

§

1800 RPM – Off Grid

§

3600 RPM – Backup

Power

77

Grid-Forming Generators

Grid-forming

Generator is functioning as voltage source

Advantages and Disadvantages

C

Backup supply of loads is possible

D

Parallel operation of several units is very complex

What types are these ?

Ø

All backup style generators

Ø

Ø

All synchronous generators

Most with asynchronous generators

(excitation via capacitors)

Operation with Sunny Island?

C all

78

Supplementary Grid-Feeding Generators

Grid-feeding

Generator is functioning as current source

Advantages and Disadvantages

C

Simple parallel operation

D

Backup supply is not possible

What types are these ?

Ø

All generators identified as supplementary grid-feeding generators

Ø

Most of small combined heat and power (CHP) units

Operation with Sunny Island?

D

Senertec, Solo

C

Ecopower

C

Others in process

79

Generator Management n n n n

Generator start: o

Manual o o o

State of charge (SOC)

Load

Time

Generator control via: o

Current o o

Frequency

Optimization of reactive power

Generator support with full Sunny Island power

Other Generator protective functions: o Adjustable warming-up time o

Adjustable minimum operating time o Ramped generator loading o Run-on or cooling time

80

Generator Management n

Automatic or manual Start and Stop o

Dry contact relay closure (NO, Com, NC) o

Two wire type generators only n

Generator support (power addition) o

Automatically reduces charging current to limit load on generator o

Will discharge battery to support generator if needed n

Generator protection o

Reverse power protection o

Over / under voltage and frequency

81


Data Storage with SD Card

Application: Memory space for settings n

Saving of system settings (Parameter lists) o

Backup for user after incorrect settings o

Backup of all data for the installer o

Automatic re-importing of parameters after software update o

2 different parameter sets can be stored n

Customized parameter lists by mail o

Typical system settings can be mailed or emailed easily o

Possible settings don‘t have to be set at the unit.

o

Can be programmed and sent by installer or SMA

83

SD Card Files – Parameter Lists n n n n n

Three separate parameter lists can be used o

Factory default settings are used when system is initialized or re-initialized o

Two additional parameter lists can be stored or loaded o

File names: SIPAR1.LST and SIPAR2.LST

Parameter Lists should be stored before and after making changes to system o

Allows return to old settings if changes resulted in undesirable operation o

If parameters were accidentally changed

Proven or “favorite” parameter sets can be stored on SD cards and carried from job to job to speed up programming

Parameters can be edited using PC and stored on SD card

Parameter lists are invaluable when troubleshooting system

84

Application: Firmware-Update n

Automatic updating of firmware via SD/MMC card o

SI automatically detects firmware version o o

Master automatically self updates

Master automatically updates slave units n

Manual “downgrading” of firmware is possible if needed o

Master automatically downgrades Slave firmware n

Convenient updating of operating firmware o o

Easy mailing of firmware via Internet or “snail mail”

Download of firmware via SMA websites in future o

Firmware / parameters can be updated by untrained users

– No service personnel needed

– No complicated hardware exchange necessary

– “Just insert the SD card”

85

Application: Service

Data/Information

Analysis/Solutions n n n

Saving all operating data in 1-minute-intervals

Logging of events, warning, and failure codes with date & time

Delivery of data via internet or “snail mail” o

Very low shipping costs o

Easy handling o

Very fast analysis and help o

Quickly resolve system problems

86

Using data to troubleshoot a system n

EXAMPLE: Off Grid Beta Test System in Northern California n

System Configuration: o

(2) SI5048U inverters in split phase o

(2) SB1800U inverters with approx. 3.5 kW PV o

Battery = 660 Ahrs @ 48 Vdc o

20 kW Generator (Propane) n

Customer reported system shut down on June 13, 2007 o

System shut down in the morning o

System was not charging batteries even with generator running o

What happened ?

87

SD Card Files – Log and Event Files n

File Name - Log Files: SI130607.LOG

LOG = data log

07 = Year

06 = Month

13 = Day n

File Name - Event Files: SI130607.EVT

n n

Event Files and Log files are generated daily

Stored data is approximately 1 MB per day

EVT = event history

07 = Year

06 = Month

13 = Day

88

Importing Data into Excel n n n n

Make a copy of the data files stored on the SD card o

Do not use original files to maintain data integrity !

Open a blank worksheet in Excel

Click on the Data Tab on the toolbar o

Select import External Data, Import Data

Find the sub-directory where the LOG and EVT files are stored o o

Choose “all files (*.*)” in the file type bar at the bottom of the page.

Click on the file of interest, e.g. SI130607.LOG

o o

In the import wizard screen select “delimited” then click Next

Check the “tab” and “semicolon” boxes the click Next o o

Click Finish

Select the cell where the data will be place, e.g. $A$1

– Note: when adding multiple days choose a cell below the last day imported, e.g. $A$1402

89

Example of Log File

#################

#

#SI5048 - Log Data

#

#################

#

# SN : 1260000196

# SN1 : 1260000234

# SN2 : 0

# SN3 : 0

#

TimeStamp

DD.MM.YYYY hh:mm

6/13/2007 00:00

HsTmp (Max) HsTmpSlv1 (Max) HsTmpSlv2 (Max) HsTmpSlv3 (Max) TrfTmp (Max) TrfTmpSlv1 (Max) TrfTmpSlv2 (Max) TrfTmpSlv3 (Max) BatTmp (Max) BatSoc (Avg) BatVtg (Min) degC

35 degC

31 degC

0 degC

0 degC

47 degC

43 degC

0 degC

0 degC

25.4

%

66

V

6/13/2007 00:01

6/13/2007 00:02

6/13/2007 00:03

6/13/2007 00:04

6/13/2007 00:05

6/13/2007 00:06

6/13/2007 00:07

6/13/2007 00:08

35

35

35

35

35

35

34

35

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

43

43

44

44

44

43

43

43

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

6/13/2007 00:09

6/13/2007 00:10

6/13/2007 00:11

6/13/2007 00:12

6/13/2007 00:13

6/13/2007 00:14

6/13/2007 00:15

6/13/2007 00:16

6/13/2007 00:17

6/13/2007 00:18

6/13/2007 00:19

6/13/2007 00:20

6/13/2007 00:21

6/13/2007 00:22

6/13/2007 00:23

6/13/2007 00:24

6/13/2007 00:25

6/13/2007 00:26

35

35

34

34

34

34

34

35

35

34

34

34

34

34

35

35

34

34

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

47

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

43

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.4

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

25.2

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

65

66

66

65

65

65

90

Parameters Stored in Log Files

TimeStamp

HsTmp (Max)

HsTmpSlv1 (Max)

HsTmpSlv2 (Max)

HsTmpSlv3 (Max)

TrfTmp (Max)

TrfTmpSlv1 (Max)

TrfTmpSlv2 (Max)

TrfTmpSlv3 (Max)

BatTmp (Max)

BatSoc (Avg)

BatVtg (Min)

BatVtg (Max)

BatVtg (Avg)

BatChrgVtg (Avg)

TotBatCur (Min)

TotBatCur (Max)

TotBatCur (Avg)

InvVtg (Min)

InvVtg (Max)

InvVtg (Avg)

InvVtgSlv1 (Min)

InvVtgSlv1 (Max)

InvVtgSlv1 (Avg)

InvVtgSlv2 (Min)

InvVtgSlv2 (Max)

InvVtgSlv2 (Avg)

InvFrq (Min)

InvFrq (Max)

InvFrq (Avg)

InvCur (Max)

InvCurSlv1 (Max)

InvCurSlv2 (Max)

InvCurSlv3 (Max)

InvPwrAt (Min)

InvPwrAt (Max)

InvPwrAt (Avg)

InvPwrAtSlv1 (Min)

InvPwrAtSlv1 (Max)

InvPwrAtSlv1 (Avg)

InvPwrAtSlv2 (Min)

InvPwrAtSlv2 (Max)

InvPwrAtSlv2 (Avg)

InvPwrAtSlv3 (Min)

InvPwrAtSlv3 (Max)

InvPwrAtSlv3 (Avg)

InvPwrRt (Min)

InvPwrRt (Max)

InvPwrRt (Avg)

InvPwrRtSlv1 (Min)

InvPwrRtSlv1 (Max)

InvPwrRtSlv1 (Avg)

InvPwrRtSlv2 (Min)

InvPwrRtSlv2 (Max)

InvPwrRtSlv2 (Avg)

InvPwrRtSlv3 (Min)

InvPwrRtSlv3 (Max)

InvPwrRtSlv3 (Avg)

ExtVtg (Min)

ExtVtg (Max)

ExtVtg (Avg)

ExtVtgSlv1 (Min)

ExtVtgSlv1 (Max)

ExtVtgSlv1 (Avg)

ExtVtgSlv2 (Min)

ExtVtgSlv2 (Max)

ExtVtgSlv2 (Avg)

ExtFrq (Min)

ExtFrq (Max)

ExtFrq (Avg)

ExtCur (Max)

ExtCurSlv1 (Max)

ExtCurSlv2 (Max)

ExtPwrAt (Min)

ExtPwrAt (Max)

ExtPwrAt (Avg)

ExtPwrAtSlv1 (Min)

ExtPwrAtSlv1 (Max)

ExtPwrAtSlv1 (Avg)

ExtPwrAtSlv2 (Min)

ExtPwrAtSlv2 (Max)

ExtPwrAtSlv2 (Avg)

ExtPwrRt (Min)

ExtPwrRt (Max)

ExtPwrRt (Avg)

ExtPwrRtSlv1 (Min)

ExtPwrRtSlv1 (Max)

ExtPwrRtSlv1 (Avg)

ExtPwrRtSlv2 (Min)

ExtPwrRtSlv2 (Max)

ExtPwrRtSlv2 (Avg)

GnStt

GnDmdSrc

Rly1Stt

Rly2Stt

BatChrgOp

OpStt

RmgTmEqu (Min)

RmgTmFul (Min)

AptTmRmg

91

65

60

45

40

55

50

35

00:00

Excel Chart of System on June 13, 2007

Knowles Ranch 6/13/07

75

70

18:00

200

BatVtg (Avg) V

TotBatCur (Avg) A

ExtVtg (Avg)

150

100

50

21:00

0

-50

-100

-150

-200

00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00

Time of Day

15:00

92

Example – Event File 1

#################

#

#SI5048 - Event/Failure History

#

#################

#

# SN : 1260000196

# SN1 : 1260000234

# SN2 : 0

# SN3 : 0

#

TimeStamp;Type;Number;;

06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:51:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:14:54;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:14:55;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:39:16;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:39:18;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:48:22;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:48:24;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:53:22;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:53:22;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:55:11;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:55:13;E;103;;

06/13/2007 10:04:03;E;222;;

06/13/2007 10:04:03;E;101;;

06/13/2007 10:32:17;E;102;;

06/13/2007 10:32:19;E;103;;

06/13/2007 10:37:17;E;222;;

06/13/2007 10:37:17;E;101;;

06/13/2007 12:38:41;E;705;;

06/13/2007 12:38:42;E;402;;

06/13/2007 12:38:42;E;101;;

06/13/2007 12:38:43;E;204;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;W;734;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;E;711;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;E;603;;

06/13/2007 12:38:45;E;619;;

06/13/2007 12:43:46;E;222;;

06/13/2007 13:01:44;E;102;;

06/13/2007 13:01:46;E;103;;

06/13/2007 13:02:22;E;610;;

06/13/2007 14:40:38;E;609;;

06/13/2007 14:43:38;E;402;;

06/13/2007 14:48:38;E;401;;

06/13/2007 14:48:38;E;602;;

06/13/2007 14:49:26;E;610;;

06/13/2007 14:49:26;E;104;;

06/13/2007 17:46:53;E;609;;

06/13/2007 17:51:53;E;402;;

06/13/2007 17:51:53;E;601;;

93


#################

#


#

#################

#

# SN : 1260000196

# SN1 : 1260000234

# SN2 : 0

# SN3 : 0

#


06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:51:29;E;401;;

Generator Start Attempts

94


#################

#


#

#################

#

# SN : 1260000196

# SN1 : 1260000234

# SN2 : 0

# SN3 : 0

#


06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:51:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:14:54;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:14:55;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:39:16;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:39:18;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:48:22;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:48:24;E;103;;

Generator Start Attempts

Shut Downs

95


#################

#


#

#################

#

# SN : 1260000196

# SN1 : 1260000234

# SN2 : 0

# SN3 : 0

#


06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:51:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:14:54;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:14:55;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:39:16;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:39:18;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:48:22;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:48:24;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:53:22;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:53:22;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:55:11;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:55:13;E;103;;

06/13/2007 10:04:03;E;222;;

06/13/2007 10:04:03;E;101;;

06/13/2007 10:32:17;E;102;;

06/13/2007 10:32:19;E;103;;

06/13/2007 10:37:17;E;222;;

06/13/2007 10:37:17;E;101;;

06/13/2007 12:38:41;E;705;;

06/13/2007 12:38:42;E;402;;

06/13/2007 12:38:42;E;101;;

06/13/2007 12:38:43;E;204;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;W;734;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;E;711;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;E;603;;

06/13/2007 12:38:45;E;619;;

06/13/2007 12:43:46;E;222;;

06/13/2007 13:01:44;E;102;;

06/13/2007 13:01:46;E;103;;

06/13/2007 13:02:22;E;610;;

Shut Downs

Manual Start

Shut Down

Inverter Restart

Transfer Relay

Closed

96


#################

#


#

#################

#

# SN : 1260000196

# SN1 : 1260000234

# SN2 : 0

# SN3 : 0

#


06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:33:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:37:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:42:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:46:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 04:51:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 04:55:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:00:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:04:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;401;;

06/13/2007 05:09:29;E;602;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;402;;

06/13/2007 05:13:29;E;601;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:13:08;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:14:54;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:14:55;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:19:54;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:39:16;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:39:18;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;222;;

06/13/2007 09:44:16;E;101;;

06/13/2007 09:48:22;E;102;;

06/13/2007 09:48:24;E;103;;

06/13/2007 09:55:13;E;103;;

06/13/2007 10:04:03;E;101;;

Generator Running

06/13/2007 10:32:17;E;102;;

Transfer Relay Open

06/13/2007 10:32:19;E;103;;

Generator Stop

06/13/2007 10:37:17;E;222;;

06/13/2007 10:37:17;E;101;;

06/13/2007 12:38:41;E;705;;

06/13/2007 12:38:42;E;402;;

06/13/2007 12:38:42;E;101;;

06/13/2007 12:38:43;E;204;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;W;734;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;E;711;;

06/13/2007 12:38:44;E;603;;

06/13/2007 12:38:45;E;619;;

06/13/2007 12:43:46;E;222;;

06/13/2007 13:01:44;E;102;;

06/13/2007 13:01:46;E;103;;

06/13/2007 13:02:22;E;610;;

06/13/2007 14:40:38;E;609;;

06/13/2007 14:43:38;E;402;;

06/13/2007 14:48:38;E;401;;

06/13/2007 14:48:38;E;602;;

06/13/2007 14:49:26;E;610;;

06/13/2007 14:49:26;E;104;;

06/13/2007 17:46:53;E;609;;

06/13/2007 17:51:53;E;402;;

06/13/2007 17:51:53;E;601;;

97

Application: Information carrier n

In addition to SI-Data and parameters also other information can be stored on SD card. o

User manual can be stored on card o

White papers and or applications notes o

Digital pictures of system and/or problem components o

Detailed instructions to users for specific problems

98

Sunny Island 5048U Product Training

Sunny Island 5048U

Product Training

What is Sunny Island 5048U

Sunny Island Family