FEATURES
High efficiency: 87% @ 1.8V/40A
Standard footprint:
57.9x36.8x10.2mm (2.28”x1.45”x0.40”)
Industry standard pin out
Fixed frequency operation
Wide output trim range: 0.8V~1.9V
Fully protected: OTP, OVP, OCP, UVLO
No minimum load required
Fast transient response
Start up into pre-biased load
Basic insulation
ISO 9000, TL 9000, ISO 14001 certified
manufacturing facility
UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) Recognized,
and TUV (EN60950) Certified
CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC
directives
Delphi Series Q48SR, 165W Quarter Brick Family
DC/DC Power Modules: 48V in, 1.8V/40A out
The Delphi Series Q48SR Quarter Brick, 48V input, adjustable single
output, isolated, open frame DC/DC converters are the latest offering
from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing —
Delta Electronics, Inc. This product family provides up to 165 watts of
power or up to 60A of output current in an industry standard footprint.
This product represents the next generation of design technology which
may be utilized to provide high levels of current at very low output
voltages required by today’s leading-edge circuitry. Utilizing an
advanced patented thermal and electrical design technology; the Delphi
Series Q48SR converters are capable of providing higher output current
capability with excellent transient response and lower common mode
noise. Featuring a wide operating output voltage range and high current
at low output voltages, these units offer more useable power over a
wide range of ambient operating conditions. The wide range trimmable
output feature allows the user to both reduce and standardize part
numbers across different and/or migrating voltage requirements. This
model covers the output range of 0.8V to 1.9V at 40A.
OPTIONS
Short lead lengths
Non-latching over voltage protection
Negative trim
Positive on/off logic
APPLICATIONS
Telecom/DataCom
Wireless Networks
Optical Network Equipment
Server and Data Storage
Industrial/Test Equipment
Datasheet
DS_Q48SR1R840_12212004
Delta Electronics, Inc.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
(TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted; mounted on board.)
PARAMETER
NOTES and CONDITIONS
Q48SR1R840NR A
Min.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Continuous
Transient (100ms)
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Input/Output Isolation Voltage
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Input Voltage
Input Under-Voltage Lockout
Turn-On Voltage Threshold
Turn-Off Voltage Threshold
Lockout Hysteresis Voltage
Maximum Input Current
No-Load Input Current
Off Converter Input Current
Inrush Current(I2t)
Input Reflected-Ripple Current
Input Voltage Ripple Rejection
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Set Point
Output Voltage Regulation
Over Load
Over Line
Over Temperature
Total Output Voltage Range
Output Voltage Ripple and Noise
Peak-to-Peak
RMS
Operating Output Current Range
Output DC Current-Limit Inception
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage Current Transient
Positive Step Change in Output Current
Negative Step Change in Output Current
Settling Time (within 1% Vout nominal)
Turn-On Transient
Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control
Start-Up Time, From Input
Maximum Output Capacitance
EFFICIENCY
100% Load
60% Load
ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS
Input to Output
Isolation Resistance
Isolation Capacitance
FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Switching Frequency
ON/OFF Control, (Logic Low-Module ON)
Logic Low
Logic High
ON/OFF Current
Leakage Current
Output Voltage Trim Range
Output Voltage Remote Sense Range
Output Over-Voltage Protection
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
MTBF
Weight
Over-Temperature Shutdown
100ms
Refer to Figure 24 for the measuring point
1 minute
Typ.
-40
-55
1500
Output Voltage 10% Low
80
100
114
125
Vdc
Vdc
°C
°C
Vdc
48
75
Vdc
33
31
1
34
32
2
35
33
3
2.7
100
20
Vdc
Vdc
Vdc
A
mA
mA
A2S
mA
dB
1.8
1.85
Vdc
±2
±2
±30
±5
±5
±100
1.91
mV
mV
mV
V
20
10
100
20
40
130
mV
mV
A
%
50
50
100
150
150
mV
mV
uS
15
15
30
30
20000
mS
mS
µF
50
10
0.03
20
70
P-P thru 12µH inductor, 5Hz to 20MHz
120 Hz
Io=Io,min to Io,max
Vin=36V to 75V
Ta=-40C to 85C
over sample load, line and temperature
5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth
Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum
Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum
Units
36
100% Load, 36Vin
Vin=48V, Io=Io.max, Ta=25C
Max.
1.75
1.69
0
105
48V, 10µF Tan & 1µF Ceramic load cap, 0.1A/µs
50% Io,max to 75% Io,max
75% Io,max to 50% Io,max
Full load; 5% overshoot of Vout at startup
87
88.5
%
%
2000
Vdc
MΩ
pF
260
kHz
1500
10
Von/off at Ion/off=1.0mA
Von/off at Ion/off=0.0 µA
Ion/off at Von/off=0.0V
Logic High, Von/off=15V
Across Pins 9 & 5, Pout <= max rated power
Pout <= max rated power
Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout
Io=80% of Io, max; Ta=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM
Refer to Figure 24 for the measuring point
0
0.8
115
130
2.3
32
125
0.8
15
1
50
1.9
10
145
V
V
mA
uA
V
%
%
M hours
grams
°C
2
95
36Vin
48Vin
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
EFFICIENCY (%)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
75Vin
90
85
80
24.0
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
20.0
16.0
12.0
75
8.0
70
4.0
65
0.0
60
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
5
40
10
15
20
25
30
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
85
80
75
40
Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum,
nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. (Vout=1.8V)
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
EFFICIENCY (%)
Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and
maximum input voltage at 25°C. (Vout=1.8V)
35
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
14.0
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
70
4.0
65
36Vin
48Vin
75Vin
2.0
0.0
60
10
20
30
40
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
Figure 3: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and
maximum input voltage at 25°C. (Vout=0.8 V)
10
20
30
40
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
Figure 4: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum,
nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. (Vout=0.8V)
3
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
EFFICIENCY (%)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
95
93
91
89
87
36Vin
14.0
48Vin
75Vin
13.0
12.0
11.0
10.0
85
9.0
83
8.0
81
7.0
79
36Vin
77
48Vin
6.0
75Vin
5.0
75
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 5: Efficiency vs. output voltage for minimum, nominal,
and maximum input voltage at 25°C. (Iout=40A)
INPUT CURREN (A)
15.0
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 6: Power dissipation vs. output voltage for minimum,
nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. (Iout=40A)
3.0
Io=40A
Io=24A
Io=4A
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 7: Typical input characteristics at room temperature
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive
load) (5 ms/div). Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div; Bottom Trace:
ON/OFF input: 2V/div
4
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 9: Turn-on transient at zero load current (5 ms/div).
Top Trace: Vout: 1V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input:
2V/div
Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load
current (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap:
10µF, tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Top Trace:
Vout (50mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout (20A/div). Scope
measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter
than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2
inches to 3 inches) from the module..
Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load
current (75%-50%-75% of Io, max: di/dt = 2.5A/µs). Load
cap: 470µF, 35mΩ ESR solid electrolytic capacitor and 1µF
ceramic capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (100mV/div), Bottom
Trace: Iout (20A/div). Scope measurement should be made
using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position
the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches)
from the module.
Figure 12: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for
Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple Current.
Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated
source Inductance (LTEST) of 12 µH. Capacitor Cs offset possible
battery impedance. Measure current as shown above.
5
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 13: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated
output current and nominal input voltage with 12µH source
impedance and 33µF electrolytic capacitor (500 mA/div).
Figure 14: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 12µH
source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current
(5 mA/div).
Copper Strip
Vo(+)
10u
1u
SCOPE
RESISTIVE
LOAD
Vo(-)
Figure 15: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement
test setup
Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and
rated load current (20 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic
capacitor and 10µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz.
Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length
shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76
mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
6
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Vin=48V
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
LOAD CURRENT (A)
Figure 17: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical
current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
7
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Input Source Impedance
The impedance of the input source connecting to the
DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules
and affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input
source is recommended. If the source inductance is
more than a few µH, we advise adding a 10 to 100 µF
electrolytic capacitor (ESR < 0.7 Ω at 100 kHz)
mounted close to the input of the module to improve the
stability.
Layout and EMC Considerations
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are designed to operate
in a wide variety of systems and applications. For
design assistance with EMC compliance and related
PWB layout issues, please contact Delta’s technical
support team. An external input filter module is
available for easier EMC compliance design.
Application notes to assist designers in addressing
these issues are pending release.
Safety Considerations
The power module must be installed in compliance with
the spacing and separation requirements of the enduser’s safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950,
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-00 and EN60950:2000 and
IEC60950-1999, if the system in which the power
module is to be used must meet safety agency
requirements.
Do not ground one of the input pins without grounding
one of the output pins. This connection may allow a
non-SELV voltage to appear between the output pin
and ground.
The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs
when all inputs are ELV.
This power module is not internally fused. To achieve
optimum safety and system protection, an input line
fuse is highly recommended. The safety agencies
require a normal-blow fuse with 20A maximum rating to
be installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse
can be used based on the maximum inrush transient
energy and maximum input current.
Soldering and Cleaning Considerations
Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly
process before the board or system undergoes
electrical testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying
may lower the reliability of a power module and
severely affect the finished circuit board assembly test.
Adequate cleaning and/or drying is especially important
for un-encapsulated and/or open frame type power
modules. For assistance on appropriate soldering and
cleaning procedures, please contact Delta’s technical
support team.
When the input source is 60 Vdc or below, the power
module meets SELV (safety extra-low voltage)
requirements. If the input source is a hazardous voltage
which is greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to
75 Vdc, for the module’s output to meet SELV
requirements, all of the following must be met:
The input source must be insulated from any
hazardous voltages, including the ac mains, with
reinforced insulation.
One Vi pin and one Vo pin are grounded, or all the
input and output pins are kept floating.
The input terminals of the module are not operator
accessible.
A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system
where the module is used to ensure that under a
single fault, hazardous voltage does not appear at
the module’s output.
8
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS
Vi(+)
Over-Current Protection
The modules include an internal output over-current
protection circuit, which will endure current limiting for
an unlimited duration during output overload. If the
output current exceeds the OCP set point, the modules
will automatically shut down (hiccup mode).
The modules will try to restart after shutdown. If the
overload condition still exists, the module will shut down
again. This restart trial will continue until the overload
condition is corrected.
Over-Voltage Protection
The modules include an internal output over-voltage
protection circuit, which monitors the voltage on the
output terminals. If this voltage exceeds the overvoltage set point, the module will shut down and latch
off. The over-voltage latch is reset by cycling the input
power for one second.
Over-Temperature Protection
The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry
that provides protection from thermal damage. If the
temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold
the module will shut down.
Sense(+)
ON/OFF
Sense(-)
Vi(-)
The remote on/off feature on the module can be either
negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the
module on during a logic low and off during a logic high.
Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high
and off during a logic low.
Remote on/off can be controlled by an external switch
between the on/off terminal and the Vi(-) terminal. The
switch can be an open collector or open drain.
For negative logic if the remote on/off feature is not
used, please short the on/off pin to Vi(-). For positive
logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please
leave the on/off pin floating.
Vo(-)
Figure 18: Remote on/off implementation
Remote Sense
Remote sense compensates for voltage drops on the
output by sensing the actual output voltage at the point
of load. The voltage between the remote sense pins
and the output terminals must not exceed the output
voltage sense range given here:
[Vo(+) – Vo(–)] – [SENSE(+) – SENSE(–)] ≤ 10% × Vout
This limit includes any increase in voltage due to
remote sense compensation and output voltage set
point adjustment (trim).
Vi(+) Vo(+)
The module will try to restart after shutdown. If the overtemperature condition still exists during restart, the
module will shut down again. This restart trial will
continue until the temperature is within specification.
Remote On/Off
Vo(+)
Sense(+)
Sense(-)
Contact
Resistance
Vi(-)
Vo(-)
Contact and Distribution
Losses
Figure 19: Effective circuit configuration for remote sense
operation
If the remote sense feature is not used to regulate the
output at the point of load, please connect SENSE(+)
to Vo(+) and SENSE(–) to Vo(–) at the module.
The output voltage can be increased by both the
remote sense and the trim; however, the maximum
increase is the larger of either the remote sense or the
trim, not the sum of both.
When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage
of the module is usually increased, which increases the
power output of the module with the same output
current.
Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum
output power does not exceed the maximum rated
power.
9
FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM)
To increase or decrease the output voltage set point,
connect an external resistor between the TRIM pin
and either the SENSE(+) or SENSE(-). The TRIM pin
should be left open if this feature is not used.
Figure 21: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease
output voltage)
Figure 20: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output
voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM
and SENSE (+) pins, the output voltage set point
increases (Fig. 20). The external resistor value
required to obtain a percentage of output voltage
change △% is defined as:
⎡ Vonom(1 + ∆ ) − Vref
Rtrim_up(∆) = ⎢
Vref∆
⎣
⎤
⎥10kΩ − 11kΩ
⎦
where
Vonom = nominal Vout (3.3V or 1.8V)
Vref = 1.225V
∆ = trim expressed as decimal fraction, i.e. 10% is written
as 0.1
Ex. When trim up to 1.9V from 1.8V
Vonom = 1.8V
Vref = 1.225V
∆ = (1.9-1.8)/1.8 = 0.05556
⇒
(1.8 ×1.05556 − 1.225) × 10 KΩ
Rtrim − up =
1.225 * 0.05556
− 11KΩ = 88.18 KΩ
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM
and SENSE (-) the output voltage set point decreases
(Fig. 21). The external resistor value required to obtain
a percentage output voltage change △% is defined
as:
Rtrim_down(∆ ) =
10ΚΩ
− 11kΩ
∆
where
Vonom = nominal Vout (3.3V or 1.8V)
∆ = trim expressed as decimal fraction, i.e. 40% is
written as 0.4
Ex. When trim down to 0.8V from 1.8V
Vonom = 1.8V
∆ = (1.8-0.8)/1.8 = 0.5556
Rtrim − down =
10 K
− 11KΩ = 7 KΩ
0.5556
The output voltage can be increased by both the remote
sense and the trim, however the maximum increase
allowed is the larger of either the remote sense spec or
the trim spec, not the sum of both.
When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage
of the module is usually increased, which increases the
power output of the module with the same output
current.
Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum
output power of the module remains at or below the
maximum rated power.
Resistor value ( kΩ )
1.5V
49.00
1.2V
19.00
1.0V
11.50
0.9V
9.0
0.8V
7.0
Figure 22: Trim resistor value example for popular output
voltages. Connect the resistor between the TRIM and
SENSE (-) pins.
Output voltage
10
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
THERMAL CURVES
Thermal management is an important part of the
system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation,
sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over
the entire temperature range of the module. Convection
cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer.
Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the
thermal performance of the power module is a wind
tunnel.
Thermal Testing Setup
Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in
heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal
environments encountered in most electronics
equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses
vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which
the power modules are mounted.
Figure 24: Hot spot location
＊The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 114℃
The following figure shows the wind tunnel
characterization setup. The power module is mounted
on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the
wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB
and the top of the power module is constantly kept at
6.35mm (0.25’’).
Thermal Derating
Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the
module. The module’s maximum device temperature is
114 ℃ and the measured location is illustrated in Figure
24. To enhance system reliability, the power module
should always be operated below the maximum
operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the
maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit
may be affected.
PWB
FACING PWB
MODULE
AIR VELOCITY
AND AMBIENT
TEMPERATURE
MEASURED BELOW
THE MODULE
50.8 (2.0”)
AIR FLOW
12.7 (0.5”)
Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inche
Figure 23: Wind tunnel test setup
11
THERMAL CURVES (CON.)
45
Q48SR1R840(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
@ Vin = 48V, Vo = 1.8V (Tranverse Orientation)
Output Current(A)
40
35
Natural
Convection
30
25
100LFM
200LFM
20
300LFM
15
400LFM
10
500LFM
5
600LFM
0
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Figure 25: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air
velocity (Vin=48V, Vout=1.8V, transverse orientation)
45
Q48SR1R840(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
@ Vin = 48V, Vo = 1.5V (Tranverse Orientation)
Output Current(A)
40
35
Natural
Convection
30
100LFM
25
200LFM
20
300LFM
15
400LFM
10
500LFM
5
600LFM
0
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Figure 26: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air
velocity (Vin=48V, Vout=1.5V, transverse orientation)
45
Q48SR1R840(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity
@ Vin = 48V, Vo = 1.0V (Tranverse Orientation)
Output Current(A)
40
35
Natural
Convection
30
100LFM
25
200LFM
20
300LFM
15
400LFM
10
500LFM
5
600LFM
0
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
Ambient Temperature (℃)
Figure 27: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air
velocity (Vin=48V, Vout=1.0V, transverse orientation)
12
MECHANICAL DRAWING
Pin No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Notes:
1
2
3
Name
-Vin
ON/OFF
+Vin
+Vout
+SENSE
TRIM
-SENSE
-Vout
Function
Negative input voltage
Remote ON/OFF
Positive input voltage
Positive output voltage
Positive remote sense
Output voltage trim
Negative remote sense
Negative output voltage
Pins 1-3, 5-7 are 1.00mm (0.040”) diameter
Pins 4 and 8 are 1.50mm (0.060”) diameter
All pins are copper with tin plating
13
PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
The part numbering system for Delta’s Q48SR DC/DC converters have the following format:
Q
48
S
R
1R8
40
N
R
Form Factor
Input
Voltage
Number of
Outputs
Product
Series
Output
Voltage
Output
Current
ON/OFF
Logic
Pin
Length
Q - Quarter
Brick
48V
S - Single
R - Single
Board
1R8 - 1.8V
40 - 40A
N - Negative
P - Positive
R - 0.170”
N - 0.145”
K - 0.110”
A
Space Option Code
A - Standard
Functions
MODEL LIST
MODEL NAME
INPUT
OUTPUT
EFF @ 100% LOAD
Q48SR1R840NR A
36V~75V
2.7A
0.8V - 1.9V
40A - 72W
87%
Q48SR1R860NR A
36V~75V
4.0A
0.8V - 1.9V
60A - 108W
88%
Q48SR3R335NR A
36V~75V
4.2A
1.7V - 3.6V
35A - 115W
90%
Q48SR3R350NR A
36V~75V
5.9A
1.7V - 3.6V
50A - 165W
91%
Note: Please contact us for factory pre-set fixed output voltages.
CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc
USA:
Telephone:
East Coast: (888) 335 8201
West Coast: (888) 335 8208
Fax: (978) 656 3964
Email: DCDC@delta-corp.com
Europe:
Telephone: +41 31 998 53 11
Fax: +41 31 998 53 53
Email: DCDC@delta-es.tw
Asia & the rest of world:
Telephone: +886 3 4526107 x6220
Fax: +886 3 4513485
Email: DCDC@delta.com.tw
WARRANTY
Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available
upon request from Delta.
Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta
for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license
is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise
these specifications at any time, without notice.
14