Modecom MC-4220 User`s manual

MC-4220

802.11n WLAN ADSL2+ Router

user’s manual

MODECOM

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Contest

Introduction

Device Requirements

Using this Document

Special messages

Getting to know the device

Parts Check

Front Panel

Rear Panel

Connecting your device

Configuring Ethernet PCs

Connecting the Hardware

Easy Setup

WAN Configuration:

Getting Started with the Web pages

Accessing the Web pages

Testing your Setup

Default device settings

Overview

Internet access settings

About Wireless ADSL2+ Router

Wireless Network

Basic Settings

Advanced Settings

Security

Access Control

Allow Listed

WPS

Operations of AP - AP being an enrollee

Operations of AP - AP being a registrar

Internet Access

Types of Internet Access

Configuring your PPPoE DSL connection

Configuring your PPPoA DSL connection

Configuring your Bridged DSL connection

Configuring your 1483 MER by DHCP

Configuring your 1483 MER by Fixed IP

ATM Settings

ADSL Settings

Local Network Configuration

Changing the LAN IP address and subnet mask

Adding the Secondary LAN IP address and subnet mask www.modecom.eu

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DHCP Settings

DHCP Server Configuration

DHCP Relay Configuration

DHCP None Configuration

DNS Configuration

DHCP Server Configuration - Attain DNS Automatically

DHCP Server Configuration - Set DNS Manually

Overview of Dynamic DNS

Dynamic DNS Configuration – DynDNS.org

IP/Port Filtering

IP/Port Filtering

MAC Filtering

Configuring MAC filtering to Deny for outgoing access

Port Forwarding

Configuring Port Forwarding

Configuring custom applications

URL Blocking

Configuring URL Blocking of FQDN

Configuring URL Blocking of Keyword

Domain Blocking

Configuring Domain blocking

DMZ

Configuring DMZ

UPnP

Configuring UPnP

UPnP Control Point Software on Windows ME

UPnP Control Point Software on Windows XP with Firewall

RIP

ARP Table

ARP Table

Bridging

Bridging

Routing

Routing

SNMP

SNMP

Port Mapping

Port Mapping

IP QoS

IP QoS

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Remote Access

Others

Diagnostic

Ping

ATM Loopback

ADSL

Diagnostic Test

Commit/Reboot

Commit/Reboot

Backup/Restore

Backup settings

Restore settings

Resetting to Defaults

Software Reset:

Password

Setting your username and password

Firmware Update

About firmware versions

Manually updating firmware

ACL Configuration

ACL Config

Time Zone

SNTP Server and SNTP Client Configuration settings

TR-069 Config

TR-069 Configuration

Statistics

Interfaces

ADSL

Configuring your Computers


Assigning static Internet information to your PCs

IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets

IP Addresses

Subnet masks

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Suggestions

Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities

Glossary

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Introduction

Congratulations on becoming the owner of the Wireless ADSL2+ Router. You will now be able to access the Internet using your high-speed DSL connection.

This User Guide will show you how to connect your Wireless ADSL2+ Router, and how to customize its configuration to get the most out of your new product.

Features

The list below contains the main features of the device and may be useful to users with knowledge of networking protocols. If you are not an experienced user, the chapters throughout this guide will provide you with enough information to get the most out of your device.

Features include:

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Internal DSL modem for high-speed Internet access

10/100Base-T Ethernet Router to provide Internet connectivity to all comput-

•

•

•

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• ers on your LAN

Network address translation (NAT) functions to provide security for your LAN

Network configuration through DHCP Server and DHCP Client

Services including IP route and DNS configuration, RIP, and IP and DSL performance monitoring

User-friendly configuration program accessed via a web browser

User-friendly configuration program accessed via EasySetup program

Device Requirements

•

•

In order to use the Wireless ADSL2+ Router, you must have the following:

DSL service up and running on your telephone line

•

Instructions from your ISP on what type of Internet access you will be using, and the addresses needed to set up access

One or more computers each containing an Ethernet card (10Base-T/100Base-

T network interface card (NIC))

• For system configuration using the supplied a. web-based program: a web browser such as Internet Explorer v4 or later, or Netscape v4 or later. Note that version 4 of each browser is the minimum version requirement – for optimum display quality, use Internet Explorer v5, or Netscape v6.1 b. EasySetup program: Graphical User Interface

Note

You do not need to use a hub or switch in order to connect more than one

Ethernet PC to your device. Instead, you can connect up to four Ethernet PCs directly to your device using the ports labeled Ethernet on the rear panel.

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Using this Document

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•

Notational conventions

• Acronyms are defined the first time they appear in the text and also in the glossary.

For brevity, the Wireless ADSL2+ Router is referred to as “the device”.

The term LAN refers to a group of Ethernet-connected computers at one site.

Typographical conventions

• Italic text is used for items you select from menus and drop-down lists and the

• names of displayed web pages.

Bold text is used for text strings that you type when prompted by the program, and to emphasize important points.

Special messages

This document uses the following icons to draw your attention to specific instructions or explanations.

Note

Provides clarifying or non-essential information on the current topic.

Definition

Explains terms or acronyms that may be unfamiliar to many readers. These terms are also included in the Glossary.

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Provides messages of high importance, including messages relating to personal safety or system integrity.

Warning

Getting to know the device

Parts Check

In addition to this document, your package should arrive containing the following:

1. Wireless ADSL2+ Router

2. CD-ROM containing the online manual and Easy Setup software

3. Power Supply

4. Ethernet Cable

5. Standard Phone Cable

6. Quick Installation Guide www.modecom.eu


Front Panel

The front panel contains lights called Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) that indicate the status of the unit.

Label

POWER

DSL

LAN

4/3/2/1

WLAN

WPS

Color green green

INTERNET green green green green

Front Panel and LEDs

Function

On: device is powered on

Off: device is powered off

On: DSL link reaches showtime, which means that your device has successfully connected to your ISP’s DSL network.

Off: DSL link not in showtime, your device has not successfully connected to your ISP’s DSL network.

Blink: Data being transmitted

On: PPP link established and active, which means that your device has successfully connected to your ISP’s network.

Off: No PPP link, your device has not successfully connected to your ISP’s network.

Blink: PPP link established and active

On: LAN link established and active

Off: No LAN link

Blink: Valid Ethernet packet being transferred

Press this button for 5 seconds to Disable or Enable

Wireless LAN.

Press this button for 3 seconds to Enable WPS function.

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Rear Panel

The rear panel contains a Restore Defaults button, the ports for the unit’s data and power connections.

Rear Panel Connections

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Right Panel Connections www.modecom.eu


Label

LINE

RESET

LAN 4/3/2/1

ANETENNA

POWER

ON/OFF

SWITCH

WLAN

WPS

Figure 1: Bottom Side for Reset button

Function

Connects the device to a telephone port in the wall of your home/ office for DSL communication

Pressing this button restores the factory default configuration on your device

Connects the device via Ethernet to up to four PCs on your LAN

ANETENNA

Connects to the supplied power cable

Power on/off the device

Press this button for 5 seconds to Disable or Enable Wireless

LAN.

Press this button for 3 seconds to Enable WPS function.

Connecting your device

This chapter provides basic instructions for connecting the Wireless ADSL2+

Router to a computer or LAN and to the Internet.

In addition to configuring the device, you need to configure the Internet properties of your computer(s). For more details, see the following sections:

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This chapter assumes that you have already established a DSL service with your

Internet service provider (ISP). These instructions provide a basic configuration that should be compatible with your home or small office network setup. Refer to the subsequent chapters for additional configuration instructions.

Connecting the Hardware

This section describes how to connect the device to the wall phone port, the power outlet and your computer(s) or network.

WARNING

Before you begin, turn the power off for all devices. These include your computer(s), your LAN hub/switch (if applicable), and the Wireless

ADSL2+ Router.

The diagram below illustrates the hardware connections. The layout of the ports on your device may vary from the layout shown. Refer to the steps that follow for specific instructions.

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Overview of Hardware Connections www.modecom.eu


Step 1. Connect the Telephone cable to ADSL line

Connect one end of the provided phone cable to the port labeled LINE on the rear panel of the device. Connect the other end to your wall phone port.

Step 2. Connect the Ethernet cable

Connect either a LAN hub or Ethernet computers directly to the device via Ethernet cable(s).

Note that the cables do not need to be crossover cables.

Step 3. Attach the power connector

Connect the power adapter to the POWER connector on the back of the device and plug the adapter into a wall outlet or power strip. Turn on and boot up your computer(s) and any LAN devices such as hubs or switches.

Step 4. Power on the device

Press ON/OFF SWITCH to power on the device.

Step 5. Configure your Ethernet PCs

You must also configure the Internet properties on your Ethernet PCs. See Con-

figuring Ethernet PCs.

Next step

After setting up and configuring the device and PCs, you can log on to the device by following the instructions in Getting Started with the Web pages. The chapter includes a section called Testing your Setup, which enables you to verify that the device is working properly.

Easy Setup

For easy configuration, insert the CD into your CD-ROM drive.

The CD should auto-start and then click “Easy Setup”. If it does not start, click on

Start -> Run and type in CD:\fscommand \vbpES.exe (where CD is the drive letter of your CD-ROM drive.)

WAN Configuration:

There are Four options of Protocol Modes on WAN Configuration: PPPoA VC-

Mux, PPPoE LLC, 1483 Bridged IP LLC and 1483 MER LLC Mode.

PPPoE LLC / PPPoA VC-Mux

•

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After selecting the Protocol :

Enter vider (ISP).

PPPoE LLC/ PPPoA VC-Mux:

VPI/VCI which was given by Telecom or by your Internet Service Pro-

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Enter Username/Password which was given by Telecom or by your Internet

Service Provider (ISP).

Click Setup.

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Easy setup configuration completed. Now you are ready to Surf the Internet!!!

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1483 Bridged IP LLC

After selecting the Protocol : 1483 Bridged IP LLC:

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Enter VPI/VCI which was given by Telecom or by your Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Click Setup.


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1483 MER LLC Fixed IP

After selecting the Protocol : 1483 MER LLC:


From the Type ratio, click Fixed IP.

Enter Local IP Address / Subnet Mask / Remote IP Address which was given

• by Telecom or by your Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Click Setup.


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1483 MER LLC DHCP

After selecting the Protocol : 1483 MER LLC:


From the Type ratio, click DHCP.

Click Setup.


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Getting Started with the Web pages

The Wireless ADSL2+ Router includes a series of Web pages that provide an interface to the software installed on the device. It enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs of your network. You can access it through your web browser from any PC connected to the device via the LAN ports.

Accessing the Web pages

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•

•

To access the Web pages, you need the following:

A PC or laptop connected to the LAN port on the device.

A web browser installed on the PC. The minimum browser version requirement is Internet Explorer v4 or Netscape v4. For the best display quality, use latest version of Internet Explorer, Netscape or Mozilla Firefox.From any of the

LAN computers, launch your web browser, type the following URL in the web address (or location) box, and press [Enter] on your keyboard: http://10.0.0.2

The Status homepage for the web pages is displayed:

10.0.0.2

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Homepage www.modecom.eu


The first time that you click on an entry from the left-hand menu, a login box is displayed. You must enter your username and password to access the pages.

A login screen is displayed:

•••••••••••••

Login screen

Enter your user name and password. The first time you log into the program, use these defaults:

User Name:

Password: admin administrator

Note

You can change the password at any time or you can configure your device so that you do not need to enter a password. See Password.

Click on OK. You are now ready to configure your device.

This is the first page displayed each time you log in to the Web pages. This page contains links to the following pages:

• Addressing; links to the

•

Addressing page that controls your device’s network address. See Addressing.

Internet Access; links to the Internet Access page that controls how your device connects to the Internet. See Internet Access.

Note

If you receive an error message or the Welcome page is not displayed, see

Troubleshooting Suggestions.

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Testing your Setup

Once you have connected your hardware and configured your PCs, any computer on your LAN should be able to use the device’s DSL connection to access the Internet.

To test the connection, turn on the device, wait for 30 seconds and then verify that the LEDs are illuminated as follows:

Table 1. LED Indicators

LED

POWER

ETH

Link

INTERNET

Behavior

Solid green to indicate that the device is turned on. If this light is not on, check the power cable attachment.

Flashing on/off while the device is booting. After about 10-15 seconds, solid green to indicate that the device can communicate with your LAN.

Flashing on/off while data is being transmitted. Solid green to indicate that the device has successfully established a connection with your ISP.

Flashing on/off while data is being transferred. Solid green when a valid IP address has been assigned to the device by the ISP.

If the LEDs illuminate as expected, test your Internet connection from a LAN computer. To do this, open your web browser, and type the URL of any external website.

The LED labeled INTERNET should blink rapidly and then appear solid as the device connects to the site.

If the LEDs do not illuminate as expected, you may need to configure your Internet access settings using the information provided by your ISP. For details, see Internet

Access. If the LEDs still do not illuminate as expected or the web page is not displayed, see Troubleshooting Suggestions or contact your ISP for assistance.

Default device settings

In addition to handling the DSL connection to your ISP, the DSL Modem can provide a variety of services to your network. The device is preconfigured with default settings for use with a typical home or small office network.

The table below lists some of the most important default settings; these and other features are described fully in the subsequent chapters. If you are familiar with network configuration, review these settings to verify that they meet the needs of your network. Follow the instructions to change them if necessary. If you are unfamiliar with these settings, try using the device without modification, or contact your ISP for assistance.

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WARNING

We strongly recommend that you contact your ISP prior to changing the default configuration.

Option

LINE Port IP Address

LAN Port

IP Address

DHCP (Dynamic

Host Configuration

Protocol)

NAT (Network Address Translation)

Default Setting

Unnumbered interface:

10.0.0.2

Subnet mask:

255.255.255.255

Assigned static IP address:

10.0.0.2

Explanation/Instructions

This is the temporary public IP address of the WAN port on the device.

It is an unnumbered interface that is replaced as soon as your ISP assigns a ‘real’ IP address. See Internet Ac-

cess.

This is the IP address of the LAN port on the device. The LAN port connects the device to your Ethernet network.

Typically, you will not need to change this address. See LAN.

Subnet mask:

255.255.255.0

DHCP server enabled with the following pool of addresses:

10.0.0.33 through

10.0.0.254

NAT enabled

The Wireless ADSL2+ Router maintains a pool of private IP addresses for dynamic assignment to your LAN computers. To use this service, you must have set up your computers to accept IP information dynamically, as described in Services -> DHCP Set-

tings.

Your computers’ private IP addresses

(see DHCP above) will be translated to your public IP address whenever the PCs access the Internet. See Ser-

vices -> Firewall.

Overview

The Overview page displays useful information about the setup of your device, including:

•

• details of the device’s Internet access settings version information about your device

To display this page:

From the left-hand menu, click on Status. The following page is displayed:

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10.0.0.2

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Overview page

The information displayed on this page is explained in detail in the following sections.

Internet access settings

This section displays details of the settings that allow your device to access the

Internet. These details include: www.modecom.eu


IP address and subnet mask:

Default gateway:

DNS servers:

The IP address and subnet mask assigned to your WAN interface. This address is used temporarily until your ISP assigns a real IP address (via DHCP or PPP – see Internet Access.

The address of the ISP server through which your Internet connection will be routed.

The Domain Name System (DNS) servers used by your

ISP to map domain names to IP addresses.

Your ISP assigns all of these settings. In most cases, you will not need to make changes to these settings in order for your Internet connection to work. If your ISP does ask you to change any of these settings, follow the instructions for manually configuring your device in Internet Access.

About Wireless ADSL2+ Router

This section displays details of your device’s hardware and firmware versions. If you need to contact your ISP’s support team, they may need to know which hardware/firmware versions you are using in order to answer your query.

Your hardware version details contain information about the make and model of your device and its exact hardware components.

Your firmware version details contain information about the software program running on your device. From time to time, MODECOM may update or add new features to this firmware. They then make the latest updated version available to you via the

Internet. For details of how to update your firmware, see Admin -> Upgrade Firm-

ware.

Wireless Network

This chapter assumes that you have already set up your Wireless PCs and installed a compatible Wireless card on your device. See Configuring Wireless PCs.

Basic Settings

This page contains all of the wireless basic settings. Most users will be able to configure the wireless portion and get it working properly using the setting on this screen.

The Wireless Network page allows you to configure the Wireless features of your device. To access the Wireless Network Basic Settings page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Basic Settings. The following page is displayed:

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Wireless Network page

Field

Disable Wireless

LAN Interface

Band

Description

Enable/Disable the Wireless LAN Interface.

Mode

Select the appropriate band from the list provided to correspond with your network setting.

Configure the Wireless LAN Interface to AP or AP + WDS mode

SSID Specify the network name.

Each Wireless LAN network uses a unique Network Name to identify the network. This name is called the Service Set

Identifier (SSID). When you set up your wireless adapter, you specify the SSID. If you want to connect to an existing network, you must use the name for that network. If you are setting up your own network you can make up your own name and use it on each computer. The name can be up to

32 characters long and contain letters and numbers.

Channel Number Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your network settings. You shall assign a different channel for each AP to avoid signal interference.

Radio Power (mW) The maximum output power: 15mW, 30mW or 60mW.

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Function Button Description

Associated

Clients

Show Active Wireless Client Table

This table shows the MAC address, transmission, receiption packet counters and encrypted status for each associated wireless client.

Apply Changes Click to save the rule entry to the configuration.

Reset Discard your changes and reload all settings from flash memory.

Advanced Settings

These settings are only for more technically advanced users who have a sufficient knowledge about wireless LAN. These settings should not be changed unless you know what effect the changes will have on your Access Point. To access the Wireless

Network Advanced Settings page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Advanced Settings. The following page is displayed:

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Field

Authentication

Type

Fragment

Threshold

Description

Open System: Open System authentication is not required to be successful while a client may decline to authenticate with any particular other client.

Shared Key: Shared Key is only available if the WEP option is implemented. Shared Key authentication supports authentication of clients as either a member of those who know a shared secret key or a member of those who do not. IEEE 802.11 Shared Key authentication accomplishes this without the need to transmit the secret key in clear. Requiring the use of the WEP privacy mechanism.

Auto: Auto is the default authentication algorithm. It will change its authentication type automatically to fulfill client’s requirement.

When transmitting a packet over a network medium, sometimes the packet is broken into several segments, if the size of packet exceeds that allowed by the network medium.

The Fragmentation Threshold defines the number of bytes used for the fragmentation boundary for directed messages.

This value should remain at its default setting of 2346. It specifies the maximum size for a packet before data is fragmented into multiple packets. If you experience a high packet error rate, you may slightly increases the

“Fragment Threshold” value within the value range of 256 to 2346. Setting this value too low may result in poor network performance. Only minor modifications of this value are recommended.

RTS

Threshold

Beacon

Interval

This value should remain at its default setting of 2347. Should you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications are recommended. If a network packet is smaller than the preset “RTS threshold” size, the RTS/

CTS mechanism will not be enabled. The ADSL modem (or AP) sends Request to Send (RTS) frames to a particular receiving station and negotiates the sending of a data frame. After receiving an RTS, the wireless station responds with a Clear to Send (CTS) frame to acknowledge the right to begin transmission.

The Beacon Interval value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon.

Enter a value between 20 and 1024. A beacon is a packet broadcast by the

ADSL modem (or AP) to synchronize the wireless network. The default is

100.

Data Rate The rate of data transmission should be set depending on the speed of your wireless network. You should select from a range of transmission speeds, or you can select Auto to have the ADSL modem (or AP) automatically use the fastest possible data rate and enable the Auto-Fallback feature. Auto-

Fallback will negotiate the best possible connection speed between the AP and a wireless client. The default setting is Auto.



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Security

This page allows you setup the wireless security. Turn on WEP or WPA by using

Encryption Keys could prevent any unauthorized access to your wireless network. To access the Wireless Network Security page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Security. The following page is displayed:

Field

Encryption

Description

There are 4 types of security to be selected. To secure your

WLAN, it’s strongly recommended to enable this feature.

WEP: Make sure that all wireless devices on your network are using the same encryption level and key. Click Set WEP Key button to set the encryption key.

WPA (TKIP): WPA uses Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) for data encryption. TKIP utilized a stronger encryption method and incorporates Message Integrity Code (MIC) to provide protection against hackers.

WPA2 (AES): WPA2, also known as 802.11i, uses Advanced

Encryption Standard (AES) for data encryption. AES utilized a symmetric 128-bit block data encryption.

WAP2 Mixed: The AP supports WPA (TKIP) and WPA2 (AES) for data encryption. The actual selection of the encryption methods will depend on the clients.

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Set WEP Key

Use 802.1x Authentication

Configure the WEP Key

Check it to enable 802.1x authentication. This option is selectable only when the “Encryption” is choose to either None or

WEP. If the “Encryption” is WEP, you need to further select the

WEP key length to be either WEP 64bits or WEP 128bits.

WPA Authentication Mode

There are 2 types of authentication mode for WPA.

WPA-RADIUS: WPA RADIUS uses an external RADIUS server to perform user authentication. To use WPA RADIUS, enter the

IP address of the RADIUS server, the RADIUS port (default is

1812) and the shared secret from the RADIUS server. Please refer to “Authentication RADIUS Server” setting below for RA-

DIUS setting. The WPA algorithm is selected between TKIP and AES, please refer to “WPA cipher Suite” below.

Pre-Shared Key: Pre-Shared Key authentication is based on a shared secret that is known only by the parties involved. To use WPA Pre-Shared Key, select key format and enter a password in the “Pre-Shared Key Format” and “Pre-Shared Key” setting respectively. Please refer to “Pre-Shared Key Format” and “Pre-Shared Key” setting below.

Pre-Shared Key

Format

PassPhrase: Select this to enter the Pre-Shared Key secret as user-friendly textual secret.

Hex (64 characters): Select this to enter the Pre-Shared Key secret as hexadecimal secret.

Pre-Shared Key Specify the shared secret used by this Pre-Shared Key. If the

“Pre-Shared Key Format” is specified as PassPhrase, then it indicates a passphrase of 8 to 63 bytes long; or if the “Pre-

Shared Key Format” is specified as PassPhrase, then it indicates a 64-hexadecimal number.

Authentication

RADIUS Server

If the WPA-RADIUS is selected at “WPA Authentication Mode”, the port (default is 1812), IP address and password of external

RADIUS server are specified here.



WEP + Encryption Key

WEP aims to provide security by encrypting data over radio waves so that it is protected as it is transmitted from one end point to another. However, it has been found that WEP is not as secure as once believed.

• From the Encryption drop-down list, select WEP setting.

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• Click Set WEP Key button.

• Enter your user name and password. The first time you log into the program, use these defaults:

User Name: admin

Password: administrator

•

•

•

•

•

From the Key Length drop-down list, select 64-bit or 128-bit setting.

From the Key Format drop-down list, select ASCII (5 characters), Hex (10 char-

acters), ASCII (13 characters) or Hex (26 characters) setting.

From the

Enter the

Default Tx Key drop-down list, select a key is used for encryption.

Click

Encryption Key value depending on selected ASCII or Hexadecimal.

Apply Changes button.

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Change setting successfully! Click on OK button to confirm and return.

WEP + Use 802.1x Authentication

WEP aims to provide security by encrypting data over radio waves so that it is protected as it is transmitted from one end point to another. However, it has been found that WEP is not as secure as once believed.

• From the Encryption drop-down list, select WEP setting.

•

•

Check the option of Use 802.1x Authentication.

Click on the ratio of WEP 64bits or WEP 128bits.

• Enter the Port, IP Address and Password of RADIUS Server:

• Change setting successfully! Click on OK button to confirm and return.

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WPA/WPA2/WPA2 Mixed + Personal (Pre-Shared Key)

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) is a class of systems to secure wireless

(Wi-Fi) computer networks. WPA is designed to work with all wireless network interface cards, but not necessarily with first generation wireless access points. WPA2 implements the full standard, but will not work with some older network cards. Both provide good security, with two significant issues:

•

•

Either WPA or WPA2 must be enabled and chosen in preference to WEP.

WEP is usually presented as the first security choice in most installation instructions.

In the “Personal” mode, the most likely choice for homes and small offices, a pass phrase is required that, for full security, must be longer than the typical 6 to 8 character passwords users are taught to employ.

1. From the Encryption drop-down list, select WPA(TKIP), WPA2(AES) or WPA2

Mixed setting.

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2. Click on the ratio of Personal (Pre-Shared Key).

3. From the Pre-Shared Key Format drop-down list, select Passphrase or Hex (64

characters) setting.

4. Enter the Pre-Shared Key depending on selected Passphrase or Hex (64 charac-

ters).

5. Click on Apply Changes button to confirm and return.

6. Change setting successfully! Click on OK button to confirm and return.

WPA/WPA2/WPA2 Mixed + Enterprise (RADIUS)

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2) is a class of systems to secure wireless

(Wi-Fi) computer networks. WPA is designed to work with all wireless network interface cards, but not necessarily with first generation wireless access points. WPA2 implements the full standard, but will not work with some older network cards. Both provide good security, with two significant issues:

•

•

Either WPA or WPA2 must be enabled and chosen in preference to WEP.

WEP is usually presented as the first security choice in most installation instructions.

In the “Personal” mode, the most likely choice for homes and small offices, a pass phrase is required that, for full security, must be longer than the typical 6 to 8 character passwords users are taught to employ.

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From the Encryption drop-down list, select WPA, WPA2 or WPA2 Mixed setting.

Click on the ratio of Enterprise (RADIUS).

Enter the Port, IP Address and Password of RADIUS Server:

1812 10.0.0.100

Change setting successfully! Click on OK button to confirm and return.

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Access Control

For security reason, using MAC ACL’s (MAC Address Access List) creates another level of difficulty to hacking a network. A MAC ACL is created and distributed to AP so that only authorized NIC’s can connect to the network. While MAC address spoofing is a proven means to hacking a network this can be used in conjunction with additional security measures to increase the level of complexity of the network security decreasing the chance of a breach.

MAC addresses can be add/delete/edit from the ACL list depending on the MAC

Access Policy.

If you choose ‘Allowed Listed’, only those clients whose wireless MAC addresses are in the access control list will be able to connect to your Access Point. When ‘Deny

Listed’ is selected, these wireless clients on the list will not be able to connect the

Access Point. To access the Wireless Network Access Control page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on Access Control. The following page is displayed: www.modecom.eu


Allow Listed

1. If you choose ‘Allowed Listed’, only those clients whose wireless MAC addresses are in the access control list will be able to connect to your Access Point.

2. From the Wireless Access Control Mode drop-down list, select Allowed Listed setting.

3. Enter the MAC Address.

4. Click Add button.

5. Change setting successfully! Click on OK button to confirm and return.

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6. The MAC Address that you created has been added in the Current Access

Control List.

Deny Listed

When ‘Deny Listed’ is selected, these wireless clients on the list will not be able to connect the Access Point.

1. From the Wireless Access Control Mode drop-down list, select Deny Listed setting.

2. Enter the MAC Address.

3. Click Add button.

32

4.Change setting successfully! Click on OK button to confirm and return.

5. The MAC Address that you created has been added in the Current Access

Control List.

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WPS

Introduction of WPS

Although home Wi-Fi networks have become more and more popular, users still have trouble with the initial set up of network. This obstacle forces users to use the open security and increases the risk of eavesdropping. Therefore, WPS is designed to ease set up of security-enabled Wi-Fi networks and subsequently network management (Wi-Fi Protected Setup Specification 1.0h.pdf, p. 8).

The largest difference between WPS-enabled devices and legacy devices is that users do not need the knowledge about SSID, channel and security settings, but they could still surf in a security-enabled Wi-Fi network. For examples, in the initial network set up, if users want to use the PIN configuration, the only thing they need to do is entering the device PIN into registrar, starting the PIN method on that device and simply wait until the device joins the network. After the PIN method is started on both sides, a registration protocol will be initiated between the registrar and the enrollee.

Typically, a registrar could be an access point or other device that is capable of managing the network. An enrollee could be an access point or a station that will join the network. After the registration protocol has been done, the enrollee will receive SSID and security settings from the registrar and then join the network. In other words; if a station attempts to join a network managed by an access point with built-in internal registrar, users will need to enter station’s PIN into the web page of that access point.

If the device PIN is correct and valid and users start PIN on station, the access point and the station will automatically exchange the encrypted information of the network settings under the management of AP’s internal registrar. The station then uses this information to perform authentication algorithm, join the secure network, and transmit data with the encryption algorithm. More details will be demonstrated in the following sections.

Supported WPS features

Currently, Wireless Gateway supports WPS features for AP mode, AP+WDS

mode, Infrastructure-Client mode, and the wireless root interface of Universal

Repeater mode.

Other modes such as WDS mode, Infrastructure-Adhoc mode, and the wire-

less virtual interface of Universal Repeater mode are not implemented with WPS features.

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34

If those unsupported modes are enforced by users, WPS will be disabled .

Under the configuration of every WPS-supported mode, Wireless Gateway has Push

Button method and PIN method. For each method, Wireless Gateway offers different security levels included in network credential, such as open security, WEP 64 bits,

WEP 128 bits, WPA-Personal TKIP, WPA-Personal AES, WPA2-Personal TKIP, and

WPA2-Personal AES. Users could choose either one of the methods at their convenience.

AP mode

For AP mode, Wireless Gateway supports three roles, registrar, proxy, and enrollee in registration protocol. At different scenarios, Wireless Gateway will automatically switch to an appropriate role depending on the other device’s role or a specific configuration.

AP as Enrollee

If users know AP’s PIN and enter it into external registrar, the external registrar will configure AP with a new wireless profile such as new SSID and new security settings.

The external registrar does this job either utilizing the in-band EAP (wireless) or outof-band UPnP (Ethernet). During the WPS handshake, a wireless profile is encrypted and transmitted to AP. If the handshake is successfully done, AP will be re-initialized with the new wireless profile and wait for legacy stations or WPS stations to join its network.

AP as Registrar

Wireless Gateway also has a built-in internal registrar. Whenever users enter station’s PIN into AP’s webpage, click “Start PBC”, or push the physical button, AP will switch to registrar automatically. If users apply the same method on station side and the WPS handshake is successfully done, SSID and security settings will be transmitted to that station without the risk of eavesdropping. And then the station will associate with AP in a security-enabled network.

AP as Proxy

At this state, AP is transparent to users. If users want to configure a station or any device that is capable of being an enrollee, they have to enter device’s PIN into an external registrar and choose an appropriate wireless profile. After the PIN is entered, the external registrar will inform AP this event. AP then conveys the encrypted wireless profile between the device and the external registrar. Finally, the device will use the wireless profile and associate with AP. However, the device may connect to other APs if the wireless profile does not belong to the proxy AP.

Users must carefully choose the wireless profile or create a wireless profile on an external registrar.

Infrastructure-Client mode

In Infrastructure-Client mode, Wireless Gateway only supports enrollee’s role. If users click “Start PIN”, click “Start PBC”, or press the physical button on Wireless

Gateway, it will start to seek WPS AP. Once users apply the same method on registrar side, Wireless Gateway will receive the wireless profile upon successfully doing the registration protocol. Then Wireless Gateway will associate with an AP.

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Instructions of AP’s and Client’s operations

At this state, AP is transparent to users. If users want to configure a station or any device that is capable of being an enrollee, they have to enter device’s PIN into an external registrar and choose an appropriate wireless profile. After the PIN is entered, the external registrar will inform AP this event. AP then conveys the encrypted wireless profile between the device and the external registrar. Finally, the device will use the wireless profile and associate with AP. However, the device may connect to other APs if the wireless profile does not belong to the proxy AP. Users must carefully choose the wireless profile or create a wireless profile on an external registrar.

This device supports Push Button method and PIN method for WPS. The following sub-paragraphs will describe the function of each item. The webpage is as below. To access the Wireless Network WPS page:

From the left-hand Wireless menu, click on WPS. The following page is displayed:

Field

Disable WPS

WPS Status

Description

Check to disable the Wi-Fi protected Setup.

When AP’s settings are factory default (out of box), it is set to open security and un-configured state. “WPS Status” will display it as

“UnConfigured”. If it already shows “Configured”, some registrars such as Vista WCN will not configure AP. Users will need to go to the “Backup/Restore” page and click “Reset” to reload factory default settings.

Self-PIN Number “Self-PIN Number” is AP’s PIN. Whenever users want to change

AP’s PIN, they could click “Regenerate PIN” and then click “ Apply

Changes”. Moreover, if users want to make their own PIN, they could enter four-digit PIN without checksum and then click “ Apply

Changes”. However, this would not be recommended since the registrar side needs to be supported with four-digit PIN.

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Push Button

Configuration

Push Button

Configuration

Client PIN

Number

“Self-PIN Number” is AP’s PIN. Whenever users want to change

AP’s PIN, they could click “Regenerate PIN” and then click “ Apply

Changes”. Moreover, if users want to make their own PIN, they could enter four-digit PIN without checksum and then click “ Apply

Changes”. However, this would not be recommended since the registrar side needs to be supported with four-digit PIN.

Clicking this button will invoke the PBC method of WPS. It is only used when AP acts as a registrar.

It is only used when users want their station to join AP’s network.

The length of PIN is limited to four or eight numeric digits. If users enter eight-digit PIN with checksum error, there will be a warning message popping up. If users insist on this PIN, AP will take it.


Regenerate PIN Click to regenerate the Self-PIN Number.

Start PBC Click to start the Push Button method of WPS.

Apply Changes Click to commit changes.

Reset It restores the original values.

Start PIN Click to start the PIN method of WPS.

Operations of AP - AP being an enrollee

In this case, AP will be configured by any registrar either through in-band EAP or

UPnP. Here, users do not need to do any action on AP side. They just need AP’s device PIN and enter it into registrar. An example from Vista WCN will be given.

1. From the left-hand Wireless -> WPS menu. The following page is displayed:

2. Make sure AP is in un-configured state.

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3. Plug the Ethernet cable into AP’s LAN port and make sure the IP connection is valid with Vista.

4. Make sure WCN is enabled. Users may need to enable it at the first time. They could open the “Control Panel”, click “Classic View“, open “Administrative Tools”, double click “Services”, ”, a User Account Control pop up and click “Continue“, edit properties of “Windows Connect Now”, choose the “Startup type” with “Automatic” and click “Start”.

5. If the previous steps are done, open Windows Explorer. Go to the Network section.

6. Click on “Network discovery and file sharing are turned off. Network computers and devices are not visible. Click to Change…“

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7. Click on “Turn on network discovery and file sharing“

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8. Click on “No, make the network that I am connected to a private network“

9. AP’s icon will show up. Double click on it.

10. Users could also Click “Add a wireless device” if the icon is not there. Click

“next”.

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11. Enter AP’s Self-PIN Number and click “next”.

12. Choose a name that people who connect to your network will recognize.

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13. Enter the Passphrase and then click Next.

14. A User Account Control screen pops up, click Continue.

15. AP is successfully configured by WCN.

41


16. Finally, AP will become configured (see WPS Status). The authentication algorithm, encryption algorithm, and key assigned by WCN will be displayed below

“Current Key Info”.

17. The SSID field of Wireless Basic Settings page will also be modified with the value assigned by WCN.

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Operations of AP - AP being a registrar

AP mode

Whenever users enter station’s PIN into AP’s Wi-Fi Protected Setup page and click

“Start PIN”, AP will become a registrar. Users must start the PIN method on the station side within two minutes.

1. From the left-hand Wireless -> WPS menu. The following page is displayed:


3. Enter the Client PIN Number.

4. Click Start PIN.

5. Users must start the PIN method on the station side within two minutes.

6. Users must start the PIN method on the station side within two minutes.

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7. If the device PIN is correct and the WPS handshake is successfully done on the station side, User’s Wi-Fi Protected status will be shown as below.

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8. If the device PIN is correct and the WPS handshake is successfully done, AP’s

Wi-Fi Protected Setup page will be shown as below.

Other pages such as Wireless Basic Settings page and Wireless Security Setup

page will also be updated appropriately as described in previous sections. In this case, AP is in un-configured state before the station initiates the WPS handshake.

According to the WPS spec, AP will create a wireless profile with WPA2-mixed mode and a random-generated key upon successfully doing the WPS handshake. However, AP will use the original wireless profile and give it to the station if AP is already in configured state. That means all settings of AP will not change. Hence, all WPS related pages keep the same.

Push Button method

Wireless Gateway supports a virtual button “Start PBC” on the Wi-Fi Protected

Setup page for Push Button method. If users push a virtual button “Start PBC”, AP will initiate a WPS session and wait for any station to join. At this moment, AP will detect whether there is more than one station that starts the PBC method. When multiple PBC sessions occur, users should try PIN method.

After users push AP’s virtual button “Start PBC”, they must go to station side to push its button within two minutes. If the WPS is successfully done, AP will give its wireless profile to that station. The station could use this profile to associate with

AP.

1.From the left-hand Wireless -> WPS menu. The following page is displayed:


3. Click Start PBC.

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4. Users must start the PBC method on the station side within two minutes.

5. Users must start the PBC method on the station side within two minutes.

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6. If the device PCB and the WPS handshake is successfully done on the station side, User’s Wi-Fi Protected status will be shown as below.

7. If the device PIN is correct and the WPS handshake is successfully done, AP’s

Wi-Fi Protected Setup page will be shown as below.

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Other pages such as Wireless Basic Settings page and Wireless Security Setup

page will also be updated appropriately as described in previous sections. In this case, AP is in un-configured state before the station initiates the WPS handshake.

According to the WPS spec, AP will create a wireless profile with WPA2-mixed mode and a random-generated key upon successfully doing the WPS handshake. However, AP will use the original wireless profile and give it to the station if AP is already in configured state. That means all settings of AP will not change. Hence, all WPS related pages keep the same.

Internet Access

This chapter describes how to configure the way that your device connects to the

Internet. Your ISP determines what type of Internet access you should use and provides you with any information that you need in order to configure the Internet access to your device.

Your device needs the following address information in order to access the Internet:

ATM PVC

Connection Type

WAN IP Settings

•

•

•

To configure ATM PVC, enter the VPI and VCI provided by

ISP. Select the Service Type Index, Service Category and enter the following information:

Peak Cell Rate

Sustainable Cell Rate

Maximum Burst Size

•

•

•

•

To configure the connection type, select the protocol and encapsulation type as indicated by ISP. Supported Protocol types are:

RFC1483 Bridged

•

•

•

•

RFC1483 MER

PPPoE

PPPoA

RFC1483 Routed

Supported Encapsulation types are:

VCMUX

LLC/SNAP

To configure WAN IP settings, enter the information as indi-

•

• cated by ISP. Enable/Disable the Access Concentrator option.

Either enter the WAN IP or select the option to automatically obtain IP address.

Check as applicable the following two options:

Enable NAT

Add default Route www.modecom.eu


Broadband Username and Password

•

•

To configure Broadband Username and Password, enter the user name and password details. Also set the session establishment condition as one of the following:

Continuous

•

Connect on demand. Enter the minutes after which the session must be disconnected, if no activity takes place.

Manual. Enter the minutes after which the session must be disconnected, if no activity takes place.

In most cases, you will not need to configure your device with these addresses because your ISP is likely to use an Internet access type which automatically assigns addresses to your device. For more information, see Types of Internet Access.

Types of Internet Access

The types of Internet access available are as follows:

• PPP Internet access – your device uses a Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to carry data between your ISP and your computer. To use PPP Internet access, you must enter a PPP login username and password the first time to log on.

The IP addresses required to access your ISP’s Internet service are automatically configured.

Your device supports PPPoE (over Ethernet).

• PPP Internet access – your device uses a Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to carry data between your ISP and your computer. To use PPP Internet access, you must enter a PPP login username and password the first time to log on.

The IP addresses required to access your ISP’s Internet service are automatically configured.

Your device supports PPPoA (over ATM).

• Bridged Internet access – your device uses a Bridge mode with your PP-

PoE Client Software to carry data between your ISP and your computer. To use Bridged Internet access with your PPPoE Client Software, you must enter a PPP login username and password the first time to log on. The IP addresses required to access your ISP’s Internet service are automatically configured.

Your device supports RFC 1483 Bridged Mode).

Configuring your PPPoE DSL connection

If your ISP’s Internet service uses PPPoE you need to set up a PPP login account.

The first time that you login to the Internet, your ISP will ask you to enter a username and password so they can check that you are a legitimate, registered Internet service user. Your device stores these authentication details, so you will not have to enter this username and password every time you login.

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Your ISP may also tell you to set unique path and circuit numbers (called VPI and

VCI) in order to connect your device to the ISP’s Internet service. In most cases, your device will use default settings, so you may not need to enter these values.

Your ISP will provide you with the login details and VPI/VCI values necessary to set up a PPP login account.

Note

If your ISP wants you to connect to the Internet using PPP, follow the instructions below.

1. From the left-hand WAN menu, click on Channel Config. The following page is displayed:

2. Enter VCI and VPI setting determined by your ISP.

3. Select the Encapsulation determined by your ISP.

4. From the Channel Mode drop-down list, select PPPoE setting.

5. Enter User Name/Password provided by your ISP. Type them in the relevant boxes.

6. If you are happy with your settings, click Add

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7. Your configuration is complete.

8. Now you are ready to Surf the Internet !!!

Configuring your PPPoA DSL connection

If your ISP’s Internet service uses PPPoA you need to set up a PPP login account.

The first time that you login to the Internet, your ISP will ask you to enter a username and password so they can check that you are a legitimate, registered Internet service user. Your device stores these authentication details, so you will not have to enter this username and password every time you login.

Your ISP may also tell you to set unique path and circuit numbers (called VPI and

VCI) in order to connect your device to the ISP’s Internet service. In most cases, your device will use default settings, so you may not need to enter these values.

Note

Your ISP will provide you with the login details and VPI/VCI values necessary to set up a PPP login account.

If your ISP wants you to connect to the Internet using PPP, follow the instructions below.

• From the left-hand WAN menu, click on Channel Config. The following page is displayed:

Enter VCI and VPI setting determined by your ISP.

•

•

•

•

•

Select the Encapsulation determined by your ISP.

From the

Enter

Channel Mode drop-down list, select PPPoE setting.

User Name/Password provided by your ISP. Type them in the relevant boxes.

If you are happy with your settings, click Add

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Your configuration is complete.

Now you are ready to Surf the Internet !!!

Configuring your Bridged DSL connection

From the left-hand WAN menu, click on Channel Config. The following page is displayed:



From the Channel Mode drop-down list, select 1483 Bridged setting.


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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Now you can load your PPPoE Client Software onto your PC.

Now you can load your PPPoE Client Software with user name and password which determined by your ISP onto your PC.

Configuring your 1483 MER by DHCP




From the

From the

Channel Mode drop-down list, select 1483 MER setting.

Type ratio, click DHCP.


•

•



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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Configuring your 1483 MER by Fixed IP




From the

From the

Channel Mode drop-down list, select 1483 MER setting.

Enter

Type ratio, click Fixed IP.

Local IP Address, Subnet Mask and Remote IP Address which was given by Telecom or by your Internet Service Provider (ISP).


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•

•



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ATM Settings

•

•

The page is for ATM PVC QoS parameters setting. The DSL device support 4

QoS mode —CBR/rt-VBR/nrt-VBR/UBR.


Field

VPI

VCI

Description

Virtual Path Identifier. This is read-only field and is selected on the Select column in the Current ATM VC Table.

Virtual Channel Identifier. This is read-only field and is selected on the Select column in the Current ATM VC Table. The

VCI, together with VPI, is used to identify the next destination of a cell as it passes through to the ATM switch.

55


QoS

PCR

SCR

MBS

Quality of Server, a characteristic of data transmission that measures how accurately and how quickly a message or data is transferred from a source host to a destination host over a network. The four QoS options are:

−UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate): When UBR is selected, the SCR and MBS fields are disabled.

−CBR (Constant Bit Rate): When CBR is selected, the SCR and MBS fields are disabled.

−nrt-VBR (non-real-time Variable Bit Rate): When nrt-VBR is selected, the SCR and MBS fields are enabled.

−rt-VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate): When rt-VBR is selected, the SCR and MBS fields are enabled.

Peak Cell Rate, measured in cells/sec., is the cell rate which the source may never exceed.

Sustained Cell Rate, measured in cells/sec., is the average cell rate over the duration of the connection.

Maximum Burst Size, a traffic parameter that specifies the maximum number of cells that can be transmitted at the peak cell rate.


Apply Changes Set new PVC OoS mode for the selected PVC. New parameters will take effect after save into flash memory and reboot the system. See section “Admin” for save details.

Undo Discard your settings.

ADSL Settings

The ADSL setting page allows you to select any combination of DSL training modes.

From the left-hand WAN menu, click on ADSL Settings. The following page is displayed:

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Field

ADSL modulation

Description

Choose prefered xdsl standard protocols.

G.lite : G.992.2 Annex A

G.dmt : G.992.1 Annex A

T1.413 : T1.413 issue #2

ADSL2 : G.992.3 Annex A

ADSL2+ : G.992.5 Annex A

AnnexL Option Enable/Disable ADSL2/ADSL2+ Annex L capability.

AnnexM Option Enable/Disable ADSL2/ADSL2+ Annex M capability.

ADSL Capability “Bitswap Enable” : Enable/Disable bitswap capability.

“SRA Enable” : Enable/Disable SRA (seamless rate adaptation) capability.


Tone Mask Choose tones to be masked. Mased tones will not carry any data.

Apply Changes Click to save the setting to the configuration and the modem will be retrained.

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Local Network Configuration

The Addressing page displays information about your LAN IP address and allows you to change the address and subnet mask assigned to your device.

Note

You should only change the addressing details if your ISP asks you to, or if you are familiar with network configuration. In most cases, you will not need to make any changes to this configuration.

Changing the LAN IP address and subnet mask

From the left-hand LAN menu, click on LAN. The following page is displayed:

10.0.0.2

From the left-hand Services menu, click on DHCP Settings.

10.0.0.2

10.0.0.33

10.0.0.254

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10.0.0.2

Change the IP Pool Range and then click Apply Changes button.

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10.0.0.2

10.0.0.4

10.0.0.5

10.0.0.2

Change setting successfully! Click OK button.

From the left-hand LAN menu, click on LAN.

Type a new IP Address and Subnet Mask.

Click Apply Changes.

The primary IP address is being changed to 10.0.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0.

Then Please go to http://10.0.0.2 to continue. Your browser communicates with the web server via the LAN connection, and changing the IP address may disrupt this.

You may also need to renew your DHCP lease:

Windows 95/98

59

802.11n WLAN ADSL2+ Router a. Select Run... from the Start menu. b. Enter winipcfg and click OK. c. Select your ethernet adaptor from the pull-down menu d. Click Release All and then Renew All. e. Exit the winipcfg dialog.

Windows NT/Windows 2000/Windows XP a. Bring up a command window. b. Type ipconfig /release in the command window. c. Type ipconfig /renew. d. Type exit to close the command window.

Linux a. Bring up a shell. b. Type pump -r to release the lease. c. Type pump to renew the lease.

Note

If you change the LAN IP address of the device while connected through your

Web browser, you will be disconnected. You must open a new connection by entering your new LAN IP address as the URL.

From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Commit/Reboot. The following page is displayed:

Commit/Reboot page

Click on OK.

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The System is Restarting ...

Adding the Secondary LAN IP address and subnet mask

•

•

•

•

From the left-hand LAN menu, click on LAN.

Check on Secondary IP.

Type the Secondary IP Address and Subnet Mask.

Click Apply Changes.

10.0.0.2

10.0.0.4

• Change setting successfully! Click OK button.

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• From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Commit/Reboot. The following page is displayed:


• Click on OK.

• The System is Restarting ...

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DHCP Settings

You can configure your network and DSL device to use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This page provides DHCP instructions for implementing it on your network by selecting the role of DHCP protocol that this device wants to play. www.modecom.eu


•

•

•

•

There are two different DHCP roles that this device can act as: DHCP Serve and

DHCP Relay. When acting as DHCP server, you can setup the server parameters at the DHCP Server page; while acting as DHCP Relay, you can setup the relay at the

DHCP Relay page.

DHCP Server Configuration


From Services check ratio, click on DHCP Server Mode.

Type a new IP Pool Range, Subnet Mask, Max Lease Time, Domain Name and Gateway Address.

Click on Apply Changes.

10.0.0.2

10.0.0.64

10.0.0.254

10.0.0.2

Field

IP Pool Range

Max Lease Time The Lease Time is the amount of time that a network user is allowed to maintain a network connection to the device using the current dynamic IP address. At the end of the Lease Time, the lease is either renewed or a new IP is issued by the DHCP server. The amount of time is in units of seconds. The default value is 86400 seconds (1 day). The value –1 stands for the infinite lease.

Domain Name

Description

Specify the lowest and highest addresses in the pool.

A user-friendly name that refers to the group of hosts (subnet) that will be assigned addresses from this pool.


Show Client This shows the assigned IP address, MAC address and time expired for each DHCP leased client.

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Apply Changes Set new DHCP server configuration. New parameters will take effect after save into flash memory and reboot the system. See

Undo section “Admin” for save details.

Discard your changes.




• Click on OK.

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DHCP Relay Configuration

•

•

•

•


From Services check ratio, click on DHCP Relay Mode.

Type DHCP server IP Addresses for DHCP Relay.


Field

DHCP Server

Address

Description

Specify the IP address of your ISP’s DHCP server. Requests for IP information from your LAN will be passed to the default gateway, which should route the request appropriately.


Apply Changes Set new DHCP server configuration. New parameters will take effect after save into flash memory and reboot the system. See section “Admin” for save details.

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• You need to renew your DHCP lease:

Windows 95/98 a. Select Run... from the Start menu. b. Enter winipcfg and click OK. c. Select your ethernet adaptor from the pull-down menu d. Click Release All and then Renew All. e. Exit the winipcfg dialog.



• From the left-hand is displayed:

Admin menu, click on Commit/Reboot. The following page


• Click on OK.

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DHCP None Configuration

•

•

•


From Services check ratio, click on None Mode.



Apply Changes Set new DHCP server configuration. New parameters will take effect after save into flash memory and reboot the system. See section “Admin” for save details.


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• You need to renew your DHCP lease:

Windows 95/98 a. Select Run... from the Start menu. b. Enter winipcfg and click OK. c. Select your ethernet adaptor from the pull-down menu d. Click Release All and then Renew All. e. Exit the winipcfg dialog.



• From the left-hand is displayed:

Admin menu, click on Commit/Reboot. The following page

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• Click on OK.

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DNS Configuration

There are two submenus for the DNS Configuration: DNS Server and Dynamic

DNS

DHCP Server Configuration - Attain DNS Automatically

•

•

•

From the left-hand Services menu, click on DNS -> DNS Server.

From check ratio, click on Attain DNS Automatically.


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Field

Attain DNS

Automatically

Set DNS

Manually

Description

Select this item if you want to use the DNS servers obtained by the WAN interface via the autoconfiguration mechanism.

Select this item to configure up to three DNS IP addresses.


Apply Changes Set new DNS relay configuration. New parameters will take effect after save into flash memory and reboot the system. See section “Admin” for save details.

Reset Selected Discard your changes.




• Click on OK.

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DHCP Server Configuration - Set DNS Manually

•

•

•

•

From the left-hand Services menu, click on DNS -> DNS Server.

From check ratio, click on Attain Set DNS Manually.

Enter the IP Address of DNS.


Field

Attain DNS

Automatically

Set DNS

Manually

Description

Select this item if you want to use the DNS servers obtained by the WAN interface via the auto-configuration mechanism.

Select this item to configure up to three DNS IP addresses.


Apply Changes Set new DNS relay configuration. New parameters will take effect after save into flash memory and reboot the system. See section

“Admin” for save details.

Reset Selected Discard your changes.


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• Click on OK.


72

Overview of Dynamic DNS

If some host has a dynamic IP address that keeps changing frequently, it is difficult to keep updating the IP record that is associated with the domain name of this host in the zone files. This will result in non-accessibility of this host on the Internet. Dynamic

DNS service allows to keep mapping of a dynamic IP address of such host to a static hostname. Dynamic DNS services are provided by many websites. The host needs www.modecom.eu

802.11n WLAN ADSL2+ Router to register with some website and get a domain name. When the IP address of the host changes, it just needs to send a message to the website that’s providing dynamic DNS service to this host. For this to work, an automated update client needs to be implemented. These update clients send update messages to the servers whenever there is some change in the IP address of that host. Then, the server updates the entries for that host and replies back with some return code.

Above Figure explains one such scenario in which a host gets a dynamic IP address for itself from a DHCP server. As the host has registered with one of the dynamic DNS service providers on the Internet, it sends an update message to the service provider with host name and changed IP address. The service provider updates the new IP address of the host in the zone files that have entry for that host name and replies back with some return code. The return code communicates the success or failure of the update message. This process is repeated every time the host’s IP address changes.

If the dynamic DNS service provider is notified of the same IP address again and again, then it considers it an abuse and might block the host name. To avoid this scenario, the IP address that was successfully updated to the ISP is stored on the unit. Whenever we receive an IP address change notification, the new IP address is compared with the IP address that was stored on the last update. If they differ, then only an update request is sent. However, when the system comes up there is no way of knowing what was the IP address on last successful update before the system went down. You need to give the command “system config save“ periodically to save this IP address on Flash.

Registering With Dynamic DNS Service Provider

Currently, Wireless ADSL2+ Router supports two Dynamic DNS service providers, www.tzo.com and www.dyndns.com. To use their Dynamic DNS service, you first need to visit the Web site of a service provider and register. While registering, you need to provide your username, password, and hostname as mandatory parameters.

A service provider may also prompt you to fill some optional parameters.

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Configuring IP Interfaces

You need to create a Dynamic DNS interface per IP interface and can only create one Dynamic DNS interface service on one IP interface. For more information on creating IP interfaces, refer to section Creating IP interfaces.

Note www.dyndns.org provides three kinds of services - Dynamic DNS, Custom DNS and Static DNS. You can create different domains in these systems. Custom

DNS service is a full DNS solution for newly purchased domains or domains you already own. A web-based interface provides complete control over resource records and your entire domain, including support for dynamic IPs and automated updates. Static DNS service points a DNS hostname in some domain owned by dyndns.org to the user’s ISP-assigned static or pseudo-static IP address.

DynDNS service points a fixed hostname in some domain owned by dyndns.

org to the user’s ISP-assigned dynamic IP address. This allows more frequent update of IP addresses, than allowed by Static DNS.

Dynamic DNS Configuration – DynDNS.org

From the left-hand Services menu, click on DNS -> Dynamic DNS.

Check the Enable check box.

From DDNS provider drop-down list, select DynDNS.org.

Enter the Hostname.

Enter the Username.

Enter the Password.

Click Add button.

74

Field

Enable

DDNS provider

Description

Check this item to enable this registration account for the DNS server.

There are two DDNS providers to be selected in order to register your device with: DynDNS and TZO. A charge may occurs depends on the service you select.

www.modecom.eu


Hostname

Username

Password

Domain name to be registered with the DDNS server.

User-name assigned by the DDNS service provider.

Password assigned by the DDNS service provider.


Add Click Add to add this registration into the configuration.

Modify

Remove

Click Modify to modify this registration into the configuration.

Select an existing DDNS registration by clicking the radio button at the Select column of the Dynamic DNS Table. Click Remove button to remove the selected registration from the configuration.

• Configure Dynamic DNS setting successfully!



• Click on OK.


•

•

•

•

Dynamic DNS Configuration – TZO

From the left-hand

Check the

Services menu, click on DNS -> Dynamic DNS.

Enable check box.

From DDNS provider drop-down list, select TZO.

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•

•

Enter the Hostname, Email and Password.

Click Add button.

76

Field

Enable

DDNS provider

Hostname

Email

Key

Description

Check this item to enable this registration account for the DNS server.

There are two DDNS providers to be selected in order to register your device with: DynDNS and TZO. A charge may occurs depends on the service you select.

Domain name to be registered with the DDNS server.

Email that applied for the DDNS service provider.

Key assigned by the DDNS service provider.


Add Click Add to add this registration into the configuration.

Modify Click Modify to modify this registration into the configuration.

Remove

•

Select an existing DDNS registration by clicking the radio button at the Select column of the Dynamic DNS Table. Click Remove button to remove the selected registration from the configuration.

Configure Dynamic DNS setting successfully!

www.modecom.eu




• Click on OK.


IP/Port Filtering

Firewall contains several features that are used to deny or allow traffic from passing through the device.

The IP/Port filtering feature allows you to deny/allow specific services or applications in the forwarding path.

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IP/Port Filtering

• From the left-hand Services menu, click on Firewall -> IP/Port Filtering.

Fields on the first setting block

Outgoing Default Action

Incoming Default Action

Description

Specify the default action on the LAN to WAN forwarding path.

Specify the default action on the WAN to LAN forwarding path.


Apply Changes Click to save the setting of default actions to the configuration.

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Fields on the second setting block

Rule Action

Direction

Protocol

Source IP Address

Source Subnet Mask

Source Port

Destination IP Address

Destination Subnet Mask

Destination Port

Description

Deny or allow traffic when matching this rule.

Traffic forwarding direction.

There are 3 options available: TCP, UDP and ICMP.

The source IP address assigned to the traffic on which filtering is applied.

Subnet-mask of the source IP.

Starting and ending source port numbers.

The destination IP address assigned to the traffic on which filtering is applied.

Subnet-mask of the destination IP.

Starting and ending destination port numbers.



www.modecom.eu


Delete Selected Delete selected filtering rules from the filter table. You can click the checkbox at the Select column to select the filtering rule.

Delete All Delete all filtering rules from the filter table.

•

•

•

•

•

MAC Filtering

The MAC filtering feature allows you to define rules to allow or deny frames through the device based on source MAC address, destination MAC address, and traffic direction.

Configuring MAC filtering to Deny for outgoing access

From the left-hand Services menu, click on Firewall -> MAC Filtering.

From the Direction drop-down list, select Outing setting

From the Rule Action check ratio, select Deny

Enter the MAC Address that you want to deny for outgoing access in the

Source MAC Address

Click Add

• Configure MAC filtering setting successfully!


Outgoing Default Action

Description

Specify the default action on the LAN to WAN bridging/ forwarding path.

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Incoming Default Action Specify the default action on the WAN to LAN bridging/ forwarding path.


Apply Changes Click to change the setting of default actions to the configuration.


Rule Action

Direction

Source MAC Address

Destination MAC Address

Description

Deny or allow traffic when matching this rule.

Traffic bridging/forwarding direction.

The source MAC address. It must be xxxxxxxxxxxx format. Blanks can be used in the MAC address space and are considered as don’t care.

The destination MAC address. It must be xxxxxxxxxxxx format. Blanks can be used in the MAC address space and are considered as don’t care.


Delete Selected Delete selected filtering rules from the filter table. You can click the

Delete All checkbox at the Select column to select the filtering rule.

Delete all filtering rules from the filter table.


• Click on OK.

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www.modecom.eu


Port Forwarding

Your device has built in advanced Security features that protect your network by blocking unwanted traffic from the Internet.

If you simply want to connect from your local network to the Internet, you do not need to make any changes to the default Security configuration. You only need to edit the configuration if you wish to do one or both of the following:

• allow Internet users to browse the user pages on your local network (for ex-

• ample, by providing an FTP or HTTP server) play certain games which require accessibility from the Internet

This chapter describes how to configure Security to suit the needs of your network.

By default, the IP addresses of your LAN PCs are hidden from the Internet. All data sent from your LAN PCs to a PC on the Internet appears to come from the IP address of your device.

In this way, details about your LAN PCs remain private. This security feature is called Port Forwarding.

Configuring Port Forwarding

Certain network games, chat or file sharing software do not work with your default

Port Forwarding setting. Your device knows the port, protocol and trigger information needed to allow access to the common applications listed below, but by default, access to them is disabled.

Application

E-mail

News

MSN Messenger

Yahoo! Instant Messenger

AOL Instant Messenger

TCP port number

110, 25

119

1863

5050 5055

5100

5190

UDP port number

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Trigger required?

false false false false false

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Application

Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

Netmeeting (h323)

Real Audio

Ping

Web connections (HTTP, HTTPS)

DialPad

FTP

Telnet

Secure shell (SSH)

Windows Media Services

Gnutella

Kazaa

Windows Terminal Server

DNS

PPTP

Internet Key Exchange

LDAP

GRE

Databeam (T.120)

N/A (ICMP) N/A (ICMP) false

80, 443

51210

N/A

21

23

22

1755

6346

1214

3389

N/A

TCP port number

194

1720

N/A

1731

UDP port number

194

N/A

1719

Trigger required?

false true true

522

N/A false

544 7070 544 6770 false

1723

N/A

389

N/A (GRE) N/A (GRE) false

1503

N/A

N/A

51200

51201

N/A

N/A

N/A

1755

N/A

N/A

N/A

53

1723

500

N/A

N/A false true true false false false false false false false false false false false false

You can enable access to a common application from a specific PC on your network.

If you want to allow access to an application that is not included on the above list of common applications, you can create and enable a custom application.

Configuring custom applications

If you want to enable access to an application that does not appear on your device’s default list of common applications you can create a custom application.

•

•

In order to create a custom application, you must know: the protocol used by the application (e.g., TCP, UDP and so on)

• the primary port or range of ports used by the application whether the application requires a trigger, and if so, the secondary port or range of ports used by the application the address translation type used by the trigger •

Your application provider or games manufacturer should provide you with these details.

Port Forwarding for FTP

In this example configuration, a custom application called FTP Server using TCP port 21 is created.

www.modecom.eu


• From the left-hand page is displayed:

Services menu, click on Port Forwarding. The following

•

•

•

•

•

•

From the Port Forwarding check ratio, check on Enable

Click Apply Changes

Type the Local IP Address for your FTP Server.

Enter the range of Local Port for your FTP Server.

Select any from the Interface drop-down list.

Click Apply

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Description

Enable Port Forwarding Check this item to enable the port-forwarding feature.

Protocol

Enable

Local IP Address

There are 3 options available: TCP, UDP and Both.

Check this item to enable this entry.

Port

IP address of your local server that will be accessed by

Internet.

The destination port number that is made open for this application on the LAN-side.

Remote IP Address

External Port

Interface

The source IP address from which the incoming traffic is allowed. Leave blank for all.

The destination port number that is made open for this application on the WAN-side

Select the WAN interface on which the port-forwarding rule is to be applied.



Delete Selected Delete the selected port forwarding rules from the forwarding table. You can click the checkbox at the Select column to select the forwarding rule.

Delete All Delete all forwarding rules from the forwarding table.

10.0.0.33

•

•

Configure Port Forwarding setting successfully!


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• Click on OK.

www.modecom.eu



Port Forwarding for HTTP

In this example configuration, a custom application called HTTP Server using TCP port 80 is created.


Services menu, click on Port Forwarding. The following

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•

•

•

•

•

From the Port Forwarding check ratio, check on Enable


Type the Local IP Address for your HTTP Server.

Enter the range of Local Port for your HTTP Server.

Select any from the Interface drop-down list.

Click Apply

10.0.0.33

80

80

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Enable Port

Forwarding

Description

Check this item to enable the port-forwarding feature.

Protocol

Enable

Local IP Address

Port

There are 3 options available: TCP, UDP and Both.

Check this item to enable this entry.

IP address of your local server that will be accessed by Internet.

The destination port number that is made open for this application on the LAN-side.

Remote IP Address The source IP address from which the incoming traffic is allowed. Leave blank for all.

External Port The destination port number that is made open for this application on the WAN-side

Interface Select the WAN interface on which the port-forwarding rule is to be applied.



Delete Selected Delete the selected port forwarding rules from the forwarding table. You can click the checkbox at the Select column to select the forwarding rule.

Delete All Delete all forwarding rules from the forwarding table.

www.modecom.eu


• Configure Port Forwarding setting successfully!

10.0.0.33


• Click on OK.


Deleting custom applications

•

•

•

From the left-hand

Check on the

Services menu, click on Port Forwarding.

Select check box.

Click Delete Selected.

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87


• Click Delete Selected.

The Port Forwarding setting has been deleted completely.


• Click on OK.

• The System is Restarting...

88 www.modecom.eu


URL Blocking

The URL Blocking is the web filtering solution. The firewall includes the ability to block access to specific web URLs based on string matches. This can allow large numbers of URLs to be blocked by specifying only a FQDN (such as tw.yahoo.com).

The URL Blocking enforce a Web usage policy to control content downloaded from, and uploaded to, the Web.

Configuring URL Blocking of FQDN

1. From the left-hand Services menu, click on Firewall -> URL Blocking. The following page is displayed:


URL Blocking capability

FQDN

Keyword

Description

Check this item to enable the URL Blocking feature.

A fully qualified domain name (or FQDN) is an unambiguous domain name that specifies the node’s position in the DNS tree hierarchy absolutely, such as tw.yahoo.com. The FQDN will be blocked to access.

The filtered keyword such as yahoo. If the URL includes this keyword, the URL will be blocked to access.

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•

•

•

•


Apply Changes Click to disable/enable the URL Blocking capability

Add FQDN Add FQDN into URL Blocking table.

Delete Selected

FQDN

Delete the selected FQDN from the URL Blocking table. You can click the checkbox at the

FQDN.

Select column to select the Blocked

Add filtered keyword into Keyword Filtering table.

Add Filtered

Keyword

Delete Selected

Keyword

Delete the selected keyword from the keyword Filtering table. You can click the checkbox at the keyword.

Select column to select the filtered

From the URL Blocking check ratio, check on Enable


Type the FQDN in the FQDN field.

Click Add

• Configure URL Blocking of FQDN setting successfully!

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• From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Commit/Reboot. The following page is displayed: www.modecom.eu


• Click on OK.

Configuring URL Blocking of Keyword

• From the left-hand Services menu, click on Firewall -> URL Blocking. The following page is displayed:

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•

•

•

•


Description

URL Blocking capability Check this item to enable the URL Blocking feature.

FQDN

Keyword

A fully qualified domain name (or FQDN) is an unambiguous domain name that specifies the node’s position in the DNS tree hierarchy absolutely, such as tw.yahoo.com. The FQDN will be blocked to access.

The filtered keyword such as yahoo. If the URL includes this keyword, the URL will be blocked to access.


Apply Changes Click to disable/enable the URL Blocking capability

Add FQDN Add FQDN into URL Blocking table.

Delete Selected

FQDN

Delete the selected FQDN from the URL Blocking table. You can click the checkbox at the

FQDN.

Select column to select the Blocked

Add filtered keyword into Keyword Filtering table.

Add Filtered

Keyword

Delete Selected

Keyword

Delete the selected keyword from the keyword Filtering table. You can click the checkbox at the keyword.

Select column to select the filtered



Type the Keyword in the Keyword field.

Click Add

92 www.modecom.eu


• Configure URL Blocking of Keyword setting successfully!


• Click on OK.

Domain Blocking

The firewall includes the ability to block access to specific domain based on string matches. For example, if the URL of Taiwan Yahoo web site is “tw.yahoo.com” and you enter “yahoo.com”, the firewall will block all the DNS queries with “yahoo.com” string. So the Host will be blocked to access all the URLs belong to “yahoo.com” domain. That means you can protect your computer, your house, your office and anything else that uses DNS from being able to service domains that you don’t want to load.

Configuring Domain blocking

From the left-hand Services menu, click on Firewall -> Domain blocking. The following page is displayed:

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•

•

•

•


Description

Domain Blocking capability Check this item to enable the Domain Blocking feature.

FQDN Domain


Apply Changes Click to disable/enable the Domain Block capability

Add Domain Add domain into Domain Block table.

Delete Selected

Domain

Delete the selected domain from the Domain Block table. You can click the checkbox at the Select column to select the Blocked domain.



Type the Keyword in the Keyword field.

Click Add

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• Configure Domain Blocking setting successfully!

www.modecom.eu



• Click on OK.

DMZ

A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a host or small network that acts as neutral ground between the inside and outside network. It contains information that is useful to users of both the inside and outside network. For example, a company may wish to provide software patches to customers via an FTP server. However, it does not want FTP access to any hosts other than the FTP server. This is achieved by creating a DMZ network which is less restrictive than the internal network.Users attached to the outside network can access the DMZ, but they cannot access any other company data.

Configuring DMZ

• From the left-hand Services menu, click on Firewall -> Domain blocking. The following page is displayed:

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Enable DMZ

DMZ Host IP Address

Description

Check this item to enable the DMZ feature.

IP address of the local host. This feature sets a local host to be exposed to the Internet.


Apply Changes Click to change the setting to the configuration.

•

•

•

From the DMZ Host check ratio, check on Enable

Type the IP Address in the DMZ Host IP Address field.


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•

10.0.0.33

Configure DMZ Host setting successfully! Click OK.


• Click on OK.

www.modecom.eu


UPnP

UPnP is an architecture for pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity of intelligent appliances, Wireless devices, and PCs of all form factors. It is designed to bring easy-to-use, flexible, standards-based connectivity to ad-hoc or unmanaged networks whether in the home, in a small business, public spaces, or attached to the

Internet. UPnP is a distributed, open networking architecture that leverages TCP/IP and the Web technologies to enable seamless proximity networking in addition to control and data transfer among networked devices in the home, office, and public spaces.

UPnP is more than just a simple extension of the plug and play peripheral model.

It is designed to support zero-configuration, “invisible” networking, and automatic discovery for a breadth of device categories from a wide range of vendors. This means a device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities, and learn about the presence and capabilities of other devices. DHCP and DNS servers are optional and are used only if available on the network. Finally, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically without leaving any unwanted state behind.

The DSL device supports a control point for Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) version 1.0, and supports two key features: NAT Traversal and Device Identification.

This feature requires one active WAN interface. In addition, the host should support this feature. In the presence of multiple WAN interfaces, select an interface on which the incoming traffic is present.

With NAT Traversal, when an UPnP command is received to open ports in NAT, the application translates the request into system commands to open the ports in

NAT and the firewall. The interface to open the ports on is given to UPnP when it starts up and is part of the configuration of the application.

For Device Identification, the application will send a description of the DSL device as a control point back to the host making the request.

From the web page you can enable or disable UPnP.

Configuring UPnP

• From the left-hand Services menu, click on UPnP. The following page is displayed:

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UPnP Daemon

Binded WAN Interface

Description

Enable/disable UPnP feature.

Select WAN interface that will use UPnP from the dropdown lists.


Apply Changes Click to save the setting to the configuration.

•

•

•

From the UPnP check ratio, check on Enable

Select a WAN Interface from the WAN Interface drop-down list.


• Configure DMZ Host setting successfully! Click OK.


• Click on OK.

98 www.modecom.eu


UPnP Control Point Software on Windows ME

To install the control point software on Windows ME:

1. In the Control Panel, select “Add/Remove Programs”.

2. In the “Add/Remove Programs Properties” dialog box, select the “Windows Setup” tab. In the “Components” list, double click on the “Communications” entry.

3. In the “Communications” dialog box, scroll down the “Components” list to display the UPnP entry. Select the entry, click “OK”.

4. Click “OK” to finish the “Add/Remove Programs” dialog.

5. Reboot your system.

Once you have installed the UPnP software and you have rebooted (and your network includes the IGD system), you should be able to see the IGD controlled device on your network.

UPnP Control Point Software on Windows XP with Firewall

On Windows XP versions earlier than SP2, Firewall support is provided by the

Windows XP Internet Connection Firewall. You cannot use the Windows XP Internet

Connection Firewall support on a system that you intend to use as a UPnP control point. If this feature is enabled, although the control point system may display controlled devices in the list of network devices, the control point system cannot participate in UPnP communication. (This restriction also applies to controlled devices running on Windows XP systems earlier than SP2.)

On Windows XP SP2 and later, Firewall support is provided by Windows Firewall.

Unlike earlier versions, Windows XP SP2 can be used on a system that you intend to use as a UPnP control point.

To turn off the Firewall capability on any version of Windows XP, follow the steps below:

1. In the Control Panel, select “Network and Internet Connections”.

2. In the “Network and Internet Connections” dialog box, select “Network Connections”.

3. In the “Network Connections” dialog box, right-click on the local area connection entry for your network; this will display a menu. Select the “Properties” menu entry.

4. In the “Local Area Connection Properties” dialog box, select the “Advanced” tab.

Disable the Internet Connection Firewall by de-selecting the entry with the following label:

“Protect my computer and network by limiting or preventing access to the computer from the Internet”.

5. Click “OK”.

SSDP requirements

You must have SSDP Discovery Service enabled on your Windows XP system to use the UPnP Control point software.

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SSDP Discovery Service is enabled on a default installation of Windows XP. To check if it is enabled on your system, look in Control Panel > Administrative Tools >

Services).

Installation procedure

To install the Control point software on Windows XP, follow the steps below:

1. In the Control Panel, select “Add/Remove Programs”.

2. In the “Add or Remove Programs” dialog box, click the “Add / Remove Windows

Components” button.

3. In the “Windows Component Wizard” dialog box, scroll down the list to display the “Networking Services” entry. Highlight (select) the entry, and click on the “Details” button.

4. The “Networking Services” window is displayed.

The subcomponents shown in the Networking Services window will be different depending on if you are using Windows XP, Windows XP (SP1), or Windows XP

(SP2).

If you are using Windows XP SP2, the Networking Services window will display the following list of sub-components:

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5. Select the following entries from the “Networking Services” window and then click “OK”:

If you are using Windows XP, select:

• “Universal Plug and Play”.

If you are using Windows XP SP1, select:

• “Internet Gateway Device discovery and Control Client”.

• “Universal Plug and Play”.

If you are using Windows XP SP2, select: www.modecom.eu


• “Internet Gateway Device discovery and Control Client”.

• “UPnP User Interface”.

6. Reboot your system.

Once you have installed the UPnP software and you have rebooted (and your network includes the IGD system), you should be able to see the IGD controlled device on your network.

For example, from the Network Connections window you should see the Internet

Gateway Device:

RIP

RIP is an Internet protocol you can set up to share routing table information with other routing devices on your LAN, at your ISP’s location, or on remote networks connected to your network via the ADSL line.

Most small home or office networks do not need to use RIP; they have only one

Router,such as the ADSL Router, and one path to an ISP. In these cases, there is no need to share routes, because all Internet data from the network is sent to the same

ISP gateway.

You may want to configure RIP if any of the following circumstances apply to your network:

−Your home network setup includes an additional Router or RIP-enabled PC (other than the ADSL Router). The ADSL Router and the Router will need to communicate via RIP to share their routing tables.

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−Your network connects via the ADSL line to a remote network, such as a corporate network. In order for your LAN to learn the routes used within your corporate network, they should both be configured with RIP.

−Your ISP requests that you run RIP for communication with devices on their network.

From the left-hand Services menu, click on RIP. The following page is displayed:

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RIP

Fields on the second setting block:

Interface

Receive Mode

Send Mode

Description

Enable/disable RIP feature.

Description

The name of the interface on which you want to enable

RIP.

Indicate the RIP version in which information must be passed to the DSL device in order for it to be accepted into its routing table.

Indicate the RIP version this interface will use when it sends its route information to other devices.

Description Function buttons for the second setting block in this page

Add Add a RIP entry and the new RIP entry will be display in the table www.modecom.eu

Delete Selected Entry


Delete a selected RIP entry. The RIP entry can be selected on the Select column of the RIP Config

Table.

ARP Table

This ARP Table shows a list of learned MAC addresses.

ARP Table

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on ARP table. The following page is displayed:

Bridging

You can enable/disable Spanning Tree Protocol and set MAC address aging time in this page.

Bridging

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on Bridging. The following page is displayed:

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Ageing Time

802.1d Spanning Tree

Description

Set the Ethernet address ageing time, in seconds.

After [Ageing Time] seconds of not having seen a frame coming from a certain address, the bridge will time out (delete) that address from Forwarding

DataBase (fdb).

Enable/disable the spanning tree protocol

Function buttons

Description

Apply Changes Save this bridge configuration. New configuration will take effect after saving into flash memory and rebooting the system. See section “Admin” for details.

Show MACs List MAC address in forwarding table.

Routing

The Routing page enables you to define specific route for your Internet and network data.

Most users do not need to define routes. On a typical small home or office LAN, the existing routes that set up the default gateways for your LAN hosts and for the

DSL device provide the most appropriate path for all your Internet traffic.

−On your LAN hosts, a default gateway directs all Internet traffic to the LAN port(s) on the DSL device. Your LAN hosts know their default gateway either because you assigned it to them when you modified your TCP/IP properties, or because you configured them to receive the information dynamically from a server whenever they access the Internet.

−On the DSL device itself, a default gateway is defined to direct all outbound Internet traffic to a route at your ISP. The default gateway is assigned either automatically by your ISP whenever the device negotiates an Internet access, or manually by user to setup through the configuration.

You may need to define routes if your home setup includes two or more networks or subnets, if you connect to two or more ISP services, or if you connect to a remote corporate LAN.

Routing

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on Routing. The following page is displayed: www.modecom.eu



Enable

Destination

Subnet Mask

Next Hop

Metric

Interface


Add Route

Update

Delete Selected

Show Routes

Description

Check to enable the selected route or route to be added.

The network IP address of the subnet. The destination can be specified as the IP address of a subnet or a specific host in the subnet. It can also be specified as all zeros to indicate that this route should be used for all destinations for which no other route is defined (this is the route that creates the default gateway).

The network mask of the destination subnet. The default gateway uses a mask of 0.0.0.0.

The IP address of the next hop through which traffic will flow towards the destination subnet.

Defines the number of hops between network nodes that data packets travel. The default value is 0, which means that the subnet is directly one hop away on the local LAN network.

The WAN interface to which a static routing subnet is to be applied.

Description

Add a user-defined destination route.

Update the selected destination route on the Static

Route Table.

Delete a selected destination route on the Static

Route Table.

Click this button to view the DSL device’s routing table.

The IP Route Table displays, as shown in Figure.

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10.0.0.0

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a troubleshooting and management protocol that uses the UDP protocol on port 161 to communicate between clients and servers. The DSL device can be managed locally or remotely by SNMP protocol.

10.0.0.254

106

SNMP

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on SNMP. The following page is displayed: www.modecom.eu



System Description

System Contact

System Name

System Location

System Object ID

Trap IP Address

Community name (readonly)

Community name (writeonly)

Description

System description of the DSL device.

Contact person and/or contact information for the DSL device.

An administratively assigned name for the DSL device.

The physical location of the DSL device.

Vendor object identifier. The vendor’s authoritative identification of the network management subsystem contained in the entity.

Destination IP address of the SNMP trap.

Name of the read-only community. This read-only community allows read operation to all objects in the

MIB.

Name of the write-only community. This write-only community allows write operation to the objects defines as read-writable in the MIB.


Description

Apply Changes Save SNMP configuration. New configuration will take effect after saving into flash memory and rebooting the system. See section

“Admin” for details.

Reset Reset the configuration.

Port Mapping

The DSL device provides multiple interface groups. Up to five interface groups are supported including one default group. The LAN and WAN interfaces could be included. Traffic coming from one interface of a group can only be flowed to the interfaces in the same interface group. Thus, the DSL device can isolate traffic from group to group for some application. By default, all the interfaces (LAN and WAN) belong to the default group, and the other four groups are all empty. It is possible to assign any interface to any group but only one group.

Port Mapping

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on Port Mapping. The following page is displayed:

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108


Enabled/Disabled

Interface groups

Description

Radio buttons to enable/disable the interface group feature.

If disabled, all interfaces belong to the default group.

To manipulate a mapping group:

1.Select a group from the table.

2.Select interfaces from the available/grouped interface list and add it to the grouped/available interface list using the arrow buttons to manipulate the required mapping of the ports.

3.Click “Apply Changes” button to save the changes.


Apply

Changes

Description

Save SNMP configuration. New configuration will take effect after saving into flash memory and rebooting the system. See section “Admin” for details.

www.modecom.eu


IP QoS

The DSL device provides a control mechanism that can provide different priority to different users or data flows. The QoS is enforced by the QoS rules in the QoS table.

A QoS rule contains two configuration blocks: Traffic Classification and Action.

The Traffic Classification enables you to classify packets on the basis of various fields in the packet and perhaps the physical ingress port. The Action enables you to assign the strictly priority level for and mark some fields in the packet that matches the Traffic Classification rule. You can configure any or all field as needed in these two QoS blocks for a QoS rule.

IP QoS

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on IP QoS. The following page is displayed:


IP QoS

Source IP

Source Netmask

Destination IP

Destination Netmask

Description

Enable/disable the IP QoS function.

The IP address of the traffic source.

The source IP netmask. This field is required if the source IP has been entered.

The IP address of the traffic destination.

The destination IP netmask. This field is required if the destination IP has been entered.

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Protocol

Source Port

Destination Port

Physical Port

The selections are TCP, UDP, ICMP and the blank for none. This field is required if the source port or destination port has been entered.

The source port of the selected protocol. You cannot configure this field without entering the protocol first.

The destination port of the selected protocol. You cannot configure this field without entering the protocol first.

The incoming ports. The selections include LAN ports, and the blank for not applicable.


Outbound Priority

IP Precedence

IP Type of Service

802.1p

Description

The priority level for the traffic that matches this classification rule. The possible selections are (in the descending priority): p0, p1, p2, p3.

Select this field to mark the IP precedence bits in the packet that match this classification rule.

Select this field to mark the IP TOS bits in the packet that match this classification rule.

Select this field to mark the 3-bit user-priority field in the 802.1p header of the packet that match this classification rule. Note that this 802.1p marking is workable on a given PVC channel only if the VLAN tag is enabled in this PVC channel.

Remote Access

The Remote Access function can secure remote host access to your DSL device from LAN and WLAN interfaces for some services provided by the DSL device.

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on Remote Access. The following page is displayed:

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Fields

LAN

WAN

WAN Port

Description

Check/un-check the services on the LAN column to allow/un-allow the services access from LAN side; and “WAN”:

Check/un-check the services on the WAN column to allow/unallow the services access from WAN side.

This field allows the user to specify the port of the corresponding service. Take the HTTP service for example; when it is changed to 8080, the HTTP server address for the WAN side is http:// dsl_addr:8080, where the dsl_addr is the WAN side IP address of the DSL device.


Description

Apply Changes Save configuration. New configuration will take effect after saving into flash memory and rebooting the system. See section “Admin” for details.

Others

You can set some other advanced settings here.

From the left-hand Advance menu, click on Others. The following page is displayed:

Diagnostic

The DSL device supports some useful diagnostic tools.

Ping

Once you have your DSL device configured, it is a good idea to make sure you can ping the network. A ping command sends a message to the host you specify. If the host receives the message, it sends messages in reply. To use it, you must know the

IP address of the host you are trying to communicate with and enter the IP address in the Host Address field. Click Go! To start the ping command, the ping result will then be shown in this page.

111


• From the left-hand Diagnostic menu, click on Ping. The following page is displayed:

Fields

Host Address

Description

The IP address you want to ping.


Go

•

•

Description

To start the ping command

Type the IP Address in the

Click Go

Host Address field.

• Now you could see the result below:

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ATM Loopback

In order to isolate the ATM interface problems, you can use ATM OAM loopback cells to verify connectivity between VP/VC endpoints, as well as segment endpoints within the VP/VC. ATM uses F4 and F5 cell flows as follows:

−F4: used in VPs

−F5: used in VCs

An ATM connection consists of a group of points. This OAM implementation provides management for the following points:

−Connection endpoint: the end of a VP/VC connection where the ATM cell are terminated

−Segment endpoint: the end of a connection segment

This page allows you to use ATM ping, which generates F5 segment and end-toend loop-back cells to test the reachability of a segment endpoint or a connection endpoint.


Diagnostic menu, click on ATM Loopback. The following

Fields

Select PVC

Flow Type

Loopback

Location ID


Go

Description

Select the PVC channel you want to do the loop-back diagnostic.

The ATM OAM flow type. The selection can be F5 Segment or F5

End-to-End.

The loop-back location ID field of the loop-back cell. The default value is all 1s (ones) to indicate the endpoint of the segment or connection.

Description

To start the ATM Loopback test

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ADSL

This page shows the ADSL diagnostic result. Click Start button to start the ADSL diagnostic.

•

•

From the left-hand displayed:

Diagnostic menu, click on ADSL. The following page is

Click Start button to start the ADSL diagnostic.

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Diagnostic Test

The Diagnostic Test page shows the test results for the connectivity of the physical layer and protocol layer for both LAN and WAN sides.

•

•

From the left-hand page is displayed:

Diagnostic menu, click on Diagnostic Test. The following

Click RUN Diagnostic Test button to start the ADSL diagnostic.

Fields

Select the Internet

Connection


RUN Diagnostic Test

Description

The available WAN side interfaces are listed. You have to select one for the WAN side diagnostic.

Description

To start the RUN Diagnostic Test

115


Commit/Reboot

Whenever you use the web console to change system settings, the changes are initially placed in temporary storage. To save your changes for future use, you can use the Commit/Reboot function. This function saves your changes from RAM to flash memory and reboot the system.

IMPORTANT! Do not turn off your modem or press the Reset button while this procedure is in progress.

Commit/Reboot



• Click on OK.


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Backup/Restore

You can save the current configuration of your Router to a file on your computer.

This is highly recommended before you change any configuration settings on the

Router or before you upgrade your firmware.

Backup settings

• From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Backup/Restore. The following page is displayed:

•

Backup & Restore page

Click on Save.

• Choose the

Press Save

Save option and select a suitable location and filename to save your backup file to.

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117


Restore settings

•

•

•


Admin menu, click on Backup & Restore. The following

Click Browse... and browse to the location of your backup file

Click Upload

Backup & Restore page

Restore settings from config file successful! The System is Restarting ... The DSL

Router has been configured and is rebooting.

Close the DSL Router Configuration window and wait for a minute before reopening your web browser. If necessary, reconfigure your PC’s IP address to match your new configuration

118

Resetting to Defaults

This page allows you to reset your device to its default factory settings.

The configuration settings of your device are stored in a configuration file. When you set up your device and access the web pages for the very first time, the configuration file contains a default factory configuration. This configuration has been set by

MODECOM for you, and contains the basic settings that you can use without having to make extensive changes to the configuration.

If you do make changes to the default configuration but then wish to revert back www.modecom.eu

802.11n WLAN ADSL2+ Router to the original factory configuration, you can do so by resetting the device to factory defaults.

Note

If you reset your device to factory defaults, all previous configuration changes that you have made are overwritten by the factory default configuration.

Software Reset:

•

•

From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Backup/Restore. The following page is displayed:

Click on Reset.

• Click on OK.

• Please wait for 1 minute to let the system reboot.

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Password

You can restrict access to your device’s web pages using password protection.

With password protection enabled, users must enter a username and password before gaining access to the web pages.

By default, password protection is enabled on your device, and the username and password set are as follows:

Username: admin

Password: administrator

Username: user

Password: user

Setting your username and password

Non-authorized users may try to access your system by guessing your username and password. We recommend that you change the default username and password to your own unique settings.

Note

To change the default password:

From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Password. The following page is displayed:

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Currently Defined Administration Password: Setup page

This page displays the current username and password settings. Change your own unique password in the relevant boxes. They can be any combination of letters or numbers with a maximum of 30 characters. The default setting uses admin for the username and administrator for password.

If you are happy with these settings, click Apply Changes. You will see following page that the new user has been displayed on the Currently Defined Users. You need to login to the web pages using your new username and new password.

www.modecom.eu


•

•

Administration Password

Click OK.

•

•

Enter new User name and Password.

Click Apply.

10.0.0.2

Login page

121


Firmware Update

The Firmware Update page allows you to:

• manually download the latest firmware version from website and manually update your firmware. See Manually updating firmware.

About firmware versions

Firmware is a software program. It is stored as read-only memory on your device.

MODECOM is continually improving this firmware by adding new features to it, and these features are saved in later versions of the firmware.

Your device can check whether there are later firmware versions available. If there is a later version, you can download it via the Internet and install it on your device.

Note

If there is a firmware update available you are strongly advised to install it on your device to ensure that you take full advantage of any new feature developments.

Manually updating firmware

You can manually download the latest firmware version from MODECOM website to your PC’s file directory.

Once you have downloaded the latest firmware version to your PC, you can manually select and install it as follows:

•

•


Admin menu, click on Upgrade Firmware. The following

Click on the Browse… button.

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Manual Update Installation section

(Note that if you are using certain browsers (such as Opera 7) the Browse button is labeled Choose.)

• Use the

•

•

Choose file box to navigate to the relevant directory where the firmware version is saved.

Once you have selected the file to be installed, click Open. The file’s directory path is displayed in the Select File: text box.

Click Upload. The device checks that the selected file contains an updated version of firmware. A screen pops up, please click OK.

• Firmware upgrading, Please wait …. 120 seconds. Please DO NOT power off the device during the upload because it may crash the system.

Firmware update has been update complete and it will bring you to the home page of the device:

•

•

From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Backup/Restore. The following page is displayed:

Click on Reset.

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MODECOM MC-4220 ADSL Router

10.0.0.2

124

• Click on OK.

www.modecom.eu


• Please wait for 1 minute to let the system reboot.

ACL Configuration

This page is used to configure the IP Address for Access Control List. If ACL is enabled, just these IP address that in the ACL Table can access CPE. Here you can add/delete IP Address.

ACL Config

From the left-hand Admin menu, click on ACL Config. The following page is displayed:

ACL Configuration page

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Check on Enable.

•

•

•

From the Interface drop-down list, select

Enter the

Click Add.

LAN.

IP Address and the Subnet Mask.

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•

•

From the ACL Capability ratio, select Enable.

Click Apply Changes.

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• Click on Commit and Reboot.

• Click on OK.


Time Zone

Certain systems may not have a date or time mechanism or may be using inaccurate time/day information. the Simple Network Time Protocol feature provides a way to synchronize the device’s own time of day setting with a remote time server as described in RFC 2030 (SNTP) and RFC 1305 (NTP).

SNTP Server and SNTP Client Configuration settings

From the left-hand Admin menu, click on Time Zone. The following page is displayed:

127


Fields

Current Time

Description

The current time of the specified time zone. You can set the current time by yourself or configured by SNTP.

Time Zone Select The time zone in which the DSL device resides.

Enable SNTP client update

SNTP server

Enable the SNTP client to update the system clock.

The IP address or the host name of the SNTP server. You can select from the list or set it manually.


Apply Changes Click to save the setting of default actions to the configuration.

•

•

Select your own Time Zone from the Time Zone Select drop-down list.

Check on Enable SNTP client update.

You can select the SNTP Server from the drop-down list or add association

• list using IP Address.

Click on Apply Change.

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•

•

SNTP Server Configuration page

Configure SNTP setting successfully! Click OK.


• Click on OK.

Time

Zone

GMT +/offset

IDLW -1200

NT -1100

HST -1000

AKST -900

YST

PST

MST

CST

EST

-900

-800

-700

-600

-500

Description

Daylight Saving

Start

International Date

Line West

Not applicable

Nome Not applicable

Hawaii Standard Not applicable

Alaska Standard

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

Yukon Standard

US Pacific Standard

US Mountain

Standard

US Central Standard

US Eastern Standard

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

Daylight Saving End

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Last Sunday of October at 2:00am






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130

AST

NFT

-400

NFST -330

-330

BRA -300

AT -200

WAT -100

GMT +000

UTC +000

WET +000

Atlantic Standard

Newfoundland

Standard

Newfoundland

Brazil Standard

Azores

West Africa

Greenwich Mean

Universal (Coordinated)

Western European

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

April at 2:00am

First Sunday of

February at 2:00 am

Not applicable

Last Sunday March at 1:00am







Third Sunday of February at 2:00am

Not applicable

Last Sunday October at 1:00am




Time

Zone

CET

MET

MEWT +100

SWT

BST

EET

FST

MEST +200

SST

IST

IDT

GMT +/offset

+100

+100

+100

+100

+200

+200

+200

+200

+300

Description

Central European

Middle European

Middle European Winter

Swedish Winter

British Summer

Eastern Europe, Russia

Zone 1

French Summer

Middle European Summer

Swedish Summer

Israeli Standard

Daylight Saving Start Daylight Saving End










First Friday April at

2:00am

Israeli Daylight 1st April at 2:00am










First Friday September at 2:00am

First Friday of September at 2:00am www.modecom.eu


BT

IT

+300

+330

USZ3 +400

USZ4

INST

USZ5

NST

+600

+630

WAST +700

USZ6

JT

CCT

ROK

+500

+530

+700

+730

+800

+900

Baghdad

Iran

Russian Volga

Russian Ural

1st April at 2:00am 1st October at 2:00am

21st March


Last Sunday of

March at 2:00am

23rd September

Last Sunday in October at 2:00am


Indian Standard

Russian West-

Siberian

Not applicable


North Sumatra Not applicable

West Australian Standard

Not applicable

Not applicable


Not applicable

Not applicable

Russia Yenisei


Java Not applicable

China Coast Not applicable

Korean Standard

Not applicable


Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

Time

Zone

KST

JST

CAST

KDT

EAST

GST

CADT

IDLE

NZST

NZT

GMT +/offset

+900

+900

+930

+1000

+1000

+1000

+1030

+1200

+1200

+1200

Description Daylight Saving Start Daylight Saving End

Korean Standard

Japan Standard

Central Australian Standard

Korean Daylight

Eastern Australian Standard

Guam Standard

Central Australian Daylight

International

Date Line East

New Zealand

Standard

New Zealand

Not applicable

Not applicable


Not applicable




Not applicable



Not applicable

Not applicable

Last Sunday March at

2:00am

Not applicable


3:00am



3:00am

Not applicable


2:00am


2:00am

Time Zone abbreviations

131


TR-069 Config

TR-069 is a protocol for communication between a CPE and Auto-Configuration

Server (ACS). The CPE TR-069 configuration should be well defined to be able to communicate with the remote ACS.

TR-069 Configuration

• From the left-hand Admin menu, click on TR-069 Config. The following page is displayed:

132

TR-069 Configuration page www.modecom.eu


ACS Field

URL

User Name

Password

Periodic Inform

Enable

Description

ACS URL. For example, http://10.0.0.1:80 https://10.0.0.1:443

The username the DSL device should use when connecting to the ACS.

The password the DSL device should use when connecting to the ACS.

When this field is enabled, the DSL device will send an Inform

RPC to the ACS server at the system startup, and will continue to send it periodically at an interval defined in Periodic Inform

Interval field; When this field is disabled, the DSL device will only send Inform RPC to the ACS server once at the system startup.

Time interval in second to send Inform RPC.

Periodic Inform

Interval

Connection

Request Field

User Name

Path

Port

Description

The username the remote ACS should use when connecting to this device.

The path of the device ConnectionRequestURL. The device

ConnectionRequestURL should be configured based on the

Device_IP, Path and Port as follows: http://Device_IP:Port/Path

The port of the device ConnectionRequestURL.

Statistics

You can view statistics on the processing of IP packets on the networking interfaces. You will not typically need to view this data, but you may find it helpful when working with your ISP to diagnose network and Internet data transmission problems.

Interfaces

•

•

From the left-hand Statistics menu, click on Interfaces. The following page is displayed:

To display updated statistics showing any new data since you opened this page, click Refresh.

133


,

ADSL

This page shows the ADSL line statistic information.

•

•

From the left-hand Statistics menu, click on ADSL. The following page is displayed:

To display updated statistics showing any new data since you opened this page, click Refresh.

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Configuring your Computers

This appendix provides instructions for configuring the Internet settings on your computers to work with the Wireless ADSL2+ Router.


Before you begin

By default, the Wireless ADSL2+ Router automatically assigns the required Internet settings to your PCs. You need to configure the PCs to accept this information when it is assigned.

Note

In some cases, you may want to assign Internet information manually to some or all of your computers rather than allow the Wireless ADSL2+ Router to do so.

See Assigning static Internet information to your PCs for instructions.

•

•

•

•

•

If you have connected your LAN PCs via Ethernet to the Wireless ADSL2+ Router, follow the instructions that correspond to the operating system installed on your PC:

Windows® XP PCs

Windows 2000 PCs

Windows Me PCs

Windows 95, 98 PCs

Windows NT 4.0 workstations

•

•

•

Windows® XP PCs

In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, and then click Control Panel.

Double-click the Network Connections icon.

•

•

•

In the LAN or High-Speed Internet window, right-click on the icon corresponding to your network interface card (NIC) and select Properties. (Often, this icon is labeled Local Area Connection).

The Local Area Connection dialog box is displayed with a list of currently installed network items.

Ensure that the check box to the left of the item labeled Internet Protocol TCP/

IP is checked and click Properties.

In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically. Also click the radio button labeled

•

Obtain DNS server address automatically.

Click OK twice to confirm your changes, and then close the Control Panel.

•

•

Windows 2000 PCs

First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it:

•

In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click

Control Panel.

Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon.

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136


•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Local Area

Connection icon, and then select Properties.

The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box is displayed with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP), then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 10.

If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) does not display as an installed component, click

Install…

In the Select Network Component Type dialog box, select Protocol, and then click Add…

Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in the Network Protocols list, and then click

OK.

You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 2000 installation CD or other media. Follow the instructions to install the files.

If prompted, click OK to restart your computer with the new settings.

Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the Wireless

ADSL2+ Router:

In the

In the

Control Panel, double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon.

Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Local Area

Connection icon, and then select Properties.

In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, select Internet Protocol

(TCP/IP), and then click Properties.

In the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box, click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically. Also click the radio button labeled

Obtain DNS server address automatically.

Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control Panel.

•

•

•

•

Windows Me PCs

• In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click

Control Panel.

Double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon.

•

•

In the Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Network icon, and then select Properties.

The Network Properties dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 11.

If Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) does not display as an installed component, click

•

•

Add…

In the Select Network Component Type dialog box, select Protocol, and then click Add…

Select Microsoft in the Manufacturers box.

Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) in the Network Protocols list, and then click

OK.

You may be prompted to install files from your Windows Me installation CD or www.modecom.eu


•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• other media. Follow the instructions to install the files.

If prompted, click OK to restart your computer with the new settings.


ADSL2+ Router:

In the

In

Control Panel, double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections icon.

Network and Dial-up Connections window, right-click the Network icon, and then select Properties.

In the Network Properties dialog box, select TCP/IP, and then click Proper-

ties.

In the TCP/IP Settings dialog box, click the radio button labeled Server as-

signed IP address. Also click the radio button labeled Server assigned name

•

•

•

server address.

Click

Panel.

OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control

•

Windows 95, 98 PCs


In the Windows task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click

Control Panel.

Double-click the Network icon.

The Network dialog box displays with a list of currently installed network components. If the list includes TCP/IP, and then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 9.

If TCP/IP does not display as an installed component, click Add…

The Select Network Component Type dialog box displays.

Select Protocol, and then click Add…

The Select Network Protocol dialog box displays.

Click on Microsoft in the Manufacturers list box, and then click TCP/IP in the

Network Protocols list box.

Click OK to return to the Network dialog box, and then click OK again.

You may be prompted to install files from your Windows 95/98 installation CD.

Follow the instructions to install the files.

Click OK to restart the PC and complete the TCP/IP installation.


ADSL2+ Router:

Open the Control Panel window, and then click the Network icon.

Select the network component labeled TCP/IP, and then click Properties.

If you have multiple TCP/IP listings, select the listing associated with your network card or adapter.

In the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, click the IP Address tab.

Click the radio button labeled Obtain an IP address automatically.

Click the DNS Configuration tab, and then click the radio button labeled Ob-

tain an IP address automatically.

137


138

•

•

•

Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes.

You will be prompted to restart Windows.

Click Yes.

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Windows NT 4.0 workstations


In the Windows NT task bar, click the Start button, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.

In the Control Panel window, double click the Network icon.

•

In the Network dialog box, click the Protocols tab.

The Protocols tab displays a list of currently installed network protocols. If the list includes TCP/IP, then the protocol has already been enabled. Skip to step 9.

If TCP/IP does not display as an installed component, click

In the

Add…

Select Network Protocol dialog box, select TCP/IP, and then click OK.

You may be prompted to install files from your Windows NT installation CD or other media. Follow the instructions to install the files.

After all files are installed, a window displays to inform you that a TCP/IP service called DHCP can be set up to dynamically assign IP information.

•

•

•

Click puter.

Yes to continue, and then click OK if prompted to restart your com-


ADSL2+ Router:

Open the Control Panel window, and then double-click the Network icon.

In the

In the

Network dialog box, click the Protocols tab.

In the

Protocols tab, select TCP/IP, and then click Properties.

Microsoft TCP/IP Properties dialog box, click the radio button labeled

Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.

Click OK twice to confirm and save your changes, and then close the Control

Panel.

Assigning static Internet information to your PCs

If you are a typical user, you will not need to assign static Internet information to your LAN PCs because your ISP automatically assigns this information for you.

In some cases however, you may want to assign Internet information to some or all of your PCs directly (often called “statically”), rather than allowing the Wireless

ADSL2+ Router to assign it. This option may be desirable (but not required) if:

• You have obtained one or more public IP addresses that you want to always

• associate with specific computers (for example, if you are using a computer as a public web server).

You maintain different subnets on your LAN (subnets are described in Appendix B).

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•

•

Before you begin, you must have the following information available:

The IP address and subnet mask of each PC

The IP address of the default gateway for your LAN. In most cases, this is the address assigned to the LAN port on the Wireless ADSL2+ Router. By default, the LAN port is assigned the IP address 10.0.0.2. (You can change this number or another number can be assigned by your ISP. See Addressing

• for more information.)

The IP address of your ISP’s Domain Name System (DNS) server.

On each PC to which you want to assign static information, follow the instructions relating only to checking for and/or installing the IP protocol. Once it is installed, continue to follow the instructions for displaying each of the Internet Protocol (TCP/

IP) properties. Instead of enabling dynamic assignment of the IP addresses for the computer, DNS server and default gateway, click the radio buttons that enable you to enter the information manually.

Note

Your PCs must have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the

Wireless ADSL2+ Router’s LAN port. If you manually assign IP information to all your LAN PCs, you can follow the instructions in Addressing to change the

LAN port IP address accordingly.

IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets

IP Addresses

Note

This section refers only to IP addresses for IPv4 (version 4 of the Internet Protocol). IPv6 addresses are not covered.

This section assumes basic knowledge of binary numbers, bits, and bytes.

IP addresses, the Internet’s version of telephone numbers, are used to identify individual nodes (computers or devices) on the Internet. Every IP address contains four numbers, each from 0 to 255 and separated by dots (periods), e.g. 20.56.0.211.

These numbers are called, from left to right, field1, field2, field3, and field4.

This style of writing IP addresses as decimal numbers separated by dots is called

dotted decimal notation. The IP address 20.56.0.211 is read “twenty dot fifty-six dot zero dot two-eleven.”

Structure of an IP address

IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of telephone numbers. For example, a 7-digit telephone number starts with a 3-digit prefix that identifies a group of thousands of telephone lines, and ends with four digits that identify one specific line in that group.

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Similarly, IP addresses contain two kinds of information:

• Network ID

•

Identifies a particular network within the Internet or intranet

Host ID

Identifies a particular computer or device on the network

The first part of every IP address contains the network ID, and the rest of the address contains the host ID. The length of the network ID depends on the network’s

class (see following section). The table below shows the structure of an IP address.

Field1

Class A Network ID

Class B Network ID

Class C Network ID

Field2

Host ID

Field3

Host ID

Field4

Host ID

Here are some examples of valid IP addresses:

Class A: 10.30.6.125 (network = 10, host = 30.6.125)

Class B: 129.88.16.49 (network = 129.88, host = 16.49)

Class C: 192.60.201.11 (network = 192.60.201, host = 11)

Network classes

The three commonly used network classes are A, B, and C. (There is also a class

D but it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion.) These classes have different uses and characteristics.

Class A networks are the Internet’s largest networks, each with room for over 16 million hosts. Up to 126 of these huge networks can exist, for a total of over 2 billion hosts. Because of their huge size, these networks are used for WANs and by organizations at the infrastructure level of the Internet, such as your ISP.

Class B networks are smaller but still quite large, each able to hold over 65,000 hosts. There can be up to 16,384 class B networks in existence. A class B network might be appropriate for a large organization such as a business or government agency.

Class C networks are the smallest, only able to hold 254 hosts at most, but the total possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million (2,097,152 to be exact).

LANs connected to the Internet are usually class C networks.

Some important notes regarding IP addresses:

•

•

The class can be determined easily from field1:

field1 = 1-126: Class A

field1 = 128-191: Class B

field1 = 192-223: Class C

(field1 values not shown are reserved for special uses)

A host ID can have any value except all fields set to 0 or all fields set to 255, as those values are reserved for special uses.

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Subnet masks

Definition mask

A mask looks like a regular IP address, but contains a pattern of bits that tells what parts of an IP address are the network ID and what parts are the host

ID: bits set to 1 mean “this bit is part of the network ID” and bits set to 0 mean

“this bit is part of the host ID.”

Subnet masks are used to define subnets (what you get after dividing a network into smaller pieces). A subnet’s network ID is created by “borrowing” one or more bits from the host ID portion of the address. The subnet mask identifies these host

ID bits.

For example, consider a class C network 10.0.0. To split this into two subnets, you would use the subnet mask:

255.255.255.128

It’s easier to see what’s happening if we write this in binary:

11111111. 11111111. 11111111.10000000

As with any class C address, all of the bits in field1 through field3 are part of the network ID, but note how the mask specifies that the first bit in field4 is also included.

Since this extra bit has only two values (0 and 1), this means there are two subnets.

Each subnet uses the remaining 7 bits in field4 for its host IDs, which range from 1 to

126 hosts (instead of the usual 0 to 255 for a class C address).

Similarly, to split a class C network into four subnets, the mask is:

255.255.255.192 or 11111111. 11111111. 11111111.11000000

The two extra bits in field4 can have four values (00, 01, 10, 11), so there are four subnets. Each subnet uses the remaining six bits in field4 for its host IDs, ranging from 1 to 62.

Note

Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits, and thus no subnets. Such a mask is called a default subnet mask. These masks are:

Class A: 255.0.0.0

Class B: 255.255.0.0

Class C: 255.255.255.0

These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured, at which time it has no subnets.

Troubleshooting

This appendix suggests solutions for problems you may encounter in installing or using the Wireless ADSL2+ Router, and provides instructions for using several IP utilities to diagnose problems.

Contact Customer Support if these suggestions do not resolve the problem.

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Troubleshooting Suggestions

Problem

LEDs

Power LED does not illuminate after product is turned on.

Internet LED does not illuminate after phone cable is attached.

LINK LAN LED does not illuminate after Ethernet cable is attached.

Internet Access

Troubleshooting Suggestion

Verify that you are using the power cable provided with the device and that it is securely connected to the Wireless ADSL2+ Router and a wall socket/power strip.

Verify that a standard telephone cable (called an RJ-11 cable) like the one provided is securely connected to the

DSL port and your wall phone port. Allow about 30 seconds for the device to negotiate a connection with your

ISP.

Verify that the Ethernet cable is securely connected to your LAN hub or PC and to the Wireless ADSL2+ Router.

Make sure the PC and/or hub is turned on.

Verify that your cable is sufficient for your network requirements. A 100 Mbit/sec network (10BaseTx) should use cables labeled CAT 5. A 10Mbit/sec network may tolerate lower quality cables.

My PC cannot access the Internet

My LAN PCs cannot display web pages on the Internet.

Web pages

Use the ping utility (discussed in the following section) to check whether your PC can communicate with the device’s LAN IP address (by default 10.0.0.2). If it cannot, check the Ethernet cabling.

If you statically assigned a private IP address to the computer, (not a registered public address), verify the following:

Check that the gateway IP address on the computer is your public IP address (see Current Status for instructions on viewing the IP information.) If it is not, correct the address or configure the PC to receive IP information automatically.

Verify with your ISP that the DNS server specified for the

PC is valid. Correct the address or configure the PC to receive this information automatically.

Verify that the DNS server IP address specified on the

PCs is correct for your ISP, as discussed in the item above. If you specified that the DNS server be assigned dynamically from a server, then verify with your ISP that the address configured on the Wireless ADSL2+ Router is correct, then You can use the ping utility, to test connectivity with your ISP’s DNS server.

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Problem

I forgot/lost my user ID

or password.

I cannot access the web pages from my browser.

Troubleshooting Suggestion

If you have not changed the password from the default, try using “admin” the user ID and “administrator“ as password. Otherwise, you can reset the device to the default configuration by pressing the Reset Default button on the

Rare panel of the device (see Rare Panel). Then, type the default User ID and password shown above. WARN-

ING: Resetting the device removes any custom settings and returns all settings to their default values.

Use the ping utility, discussed in the following section, to check whether your PC can communicate with the device’s LAN IP address (by default 10.0.0.2). If it cannot, check the Ethernet cabling.

Verify that you are using Internet Explorer or Netscape

Navigator v4.0 or later.

Verify that the PC’s IP address is defined as being on the same subnet as the IP address assigned to the LAN port on the Wireless ADSL2+ Router.

My changes to the web pages are not being retained.

Be sure to use the Confirm Changes/Apply function after any changes.

Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities

ping

Ping is a command you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on your network and the Internet. A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify. If the computer receives the message, it sends messages in reply. To use it, you must know the IP address of the computer with which you are trying to communicate.

On Windows-based computers, you can execute a ping command from the Start menu. Click the Start button, and then click Run. In the Open text box, type a statement such as the following: ping 10.0.0.2

Click OK. You can substitute any private IP address on your LAN or a public IP address for an Internet site, if known.

If the target computer receives the message, a Command Prompt window is displayed:

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Using the ping Utility

If the target computer cannot be located, you will receive the message Request

timed out.

Using the ping command, you can test whether the path to the Wireless ADSL2+

Router is working (using the preconfigured default LAN IP address 10.0.0.2) or another address you assigned.

You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address, such as that for www.yahoo.com (216.115.108.243). If you do not know the

IP address of a particular Internet location, you can use the nslookup command, as explained in the following section.

From most other IP-enabled operating systems, you can execute the same command at a command prompt or through a system administration utility.

nslookup

You can use the nslookup command to determine the IP address associated with an Internet site name. You specify the common name, and the nslookup command looks up the name in on your DNS server (usually located with your ISP). If that name is not an entry in your ISP’s DNS table, the request is then referred to another higher-level server, and so on, until the entry is found. The server then returns the associated IP address.

On Windows-based computers, you can execute the nslookup command from the

Start menu. Click the Start button, and then click Run. In the Open text box, type the following:

Nslookup

Click OK. A Command Prompt window displays with a bracket prompt (>). At the prompt, type the name of the Internet address that you are interested in, such as

www.microsoft.com.

The window will display the associate IP address, if known, as shown below: www.modecom.eu


Using the nslookup Utility

There may be several addresses associated with an Internet name. This is common for web sites that receive heavy traffic; they use multiple, redundant servers to carry the same information.

To exit from the nslookup utility, type exit and press [Enter] at the command prompt.

Glossary

10BASE-T

100BASE-T

ADSL analog

ATM

A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 10 Mbps. Also known as Category 3 (CAT

3) wiring. See data rate, Ethernet.

A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 100 Mbps. Also known as Category 5 (CAT

5) wiring. See data rate, Ethernet.

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

The most commonly deployed “flavor” of DSL for home users is asymmetrical DSL. The term asymmetrical refers to its unequal data rates for downloading and uploading (the download rate is higher than the upload rate). The asymmetrical rates benefit home users because they typically download much more data from the Internet than they upload.

An analog signal is a signal that has had its frequency modified in some way, such as by amplifying its strength or varying its frequency, in order to add information to the signal. The voice component in DSL is an analog signal. See digital.

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

A standard for high-speed transmission of data, text, voice, and video, widely used within the Internet. ATM data rates range from 45 Mbps to 2.5 Gbps. See data rate.

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802.11n WLAN ADSL2+ Router authenticate binary bit bps bridging broadband broadcast

DHCP

DHCP relay

To verify a user’s identity, such as by prompting for a password.

The “base two” system of numbers, that uses only two digits,

0 and 1, to represent all numbers. In binary, the number 1 is written as 1, 2 as 10, 3 as 11, 4 as 100, etc. Although expressed as decimal numbers for convenience, IP addresses in actual use are binary numbers; e.g., the IP address

209.191.4.240 is 11010001.10111111.00000100.11110000 in binary. See bit, IP address, network mask.

Short for “binary digit,” a bit is a number that can have two values, 0 or 1. See binary.

bits per second

Passing data from your network to your ISP and vice versa using the hardware addresses of the devices at each location.

Bridging contrasts with routing, which can add more intelligence to data transfers by using network addresses instead.

The Wireless ADSL2+ Router can perform both routing and bridging. Typically, when both functions are enabled, the device routes IP data and bridges all other types of data. See

routing.

A telecommunications technology that can send different types of data over the same medium. DSL is a broadband technology.

To send data to all computers on a network.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DHCP automates address assignment and management.

When a computer connects to the LAN, DHCP assigns it an

IP address from a shared pool of IP addresses; after a specified time limit, DHCP returns the address to the pool.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol relay

A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that assigns the addresses. Each of the Wireless

ADSL2+ Router’s interfaces can be configured as a DHCP relay. See DHCP.

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DHCP server digital

DNS domain name

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server

A DHCP server is a computer that is responsible for assigning

IP addresses to the computers on a LAN. See DHCP.

Of data, having a form based on discrete values expressed as binary numbers (0’s and 1’s). The data component in DSL is a digital signal. See analog.

Domain Name System

The DNS maps domain names into IP addresses. DNS information is distributed hierarchically throughout the Internet among computers called DNS servers. For example, www.

yahoo.com is the domain name associated with IP address

216.115.108.243. When you start to access a web site, a

DNS server looks up the requested domain name to find its corresponding IP address. If the DNS server cannot find the

IP address, it communicates with higher-level DNS servers to determine the IP address. See domain name.

A domain name is a user-friendly name used in place of its associated IP address. Domain names must be unique; their assignment is controlled by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Domain names are a key element of URLs, which identify a specific file at a web site. See DNS. download

DSL

To transfer data in the downstream direction, i.e., from the

Internet to the user.

Digital Subscriber Line

A technology that allows both digital data and analog voice signals to travel over existing copper telephone lines. encryption keys See network keys

Ethernet The most commonly installed computer network technology, usually using twisted pair wiring. Ethernet data rates are

10 Mbps and 100 Mbps. See also 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T,

twisted pair.

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FTP

Gbps host

HTTP

Hub

ICMP

IEEE

Internet intranet

IP

File Transfer Protocol

A program used to transfer files between computers connected to the Internet. Common uses include uploading new or updated files to a web server, and downloading files from a web server.

Abbreviation of Gigabits per second, or one billion bits per second. Internet data rates are often expressed in Gbps.

A device (usually a computer) connected to a network.

Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol

HTTP is the main protocol used to transfer data from web sites so that it can be displayed by web browsers. See web

browser, web site.

A hub is a place of convergence where data arrives from one or more directions and is forwarded out in one or more directions. It connects an Ethernet bridge/Router to a group of PCs on a LAN and allows communication to pass between the networked devices.

Internet Control Message Protocol

An Internet protocol used to report errors and other networkrelated information. The ping command makes use of ICMP.

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is a technical professional society that fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards.

The global collection of interconnected networks used for both private and business communications.

A private, company-internal network that looks like part of the

Internet (users access information using web browsers), but is accessible only by employees.

See TCP/IP.

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IP address

ISP

LAN

LED

MAC address mask

Mbps

NAT


Internet Protocol address

The address of a host (computer) on the Internet, consisting of four numbers, each from 0 to 255, separated by periods, e.g., 209.191.4.240. An IP address consists of a network ID that identifies the particular network the host belongs to, and a host ID uniquely identifying the host itself on that network.

A network mask is used to define the network ID and the host

ID. Because IP addresses are difficult to remember, they usually have an associated domain name that can be specified instead. See domain name, network mask.

Internet Service Provider

A company that provides Internet access to its customers, usually for a fee.

Local Area Network

A network limited to a small geographic area, such as a home or small office.

Light Emitting Diode

An electronic light-emitting device. The indicator lights on the front of the Wireless ADSL2+ Router are LEDs.

Media Access Control address

The permanent hardware address of a device, assigned by its manufacturer. MAC addresses are expressed as six pairs of hex characters, with each pair separated by colons. For example; NN:NN:NN:NN:NN:NN.

See network mask.

Abbreviation for Megabits per second, or one million bits per second. Network data rates are often expressed in Mbps.

Network Address Translation

A service performed by many Routers that translates your network’s publicly known IP address into a private IP address for each computer on your LAN. Only your Router and your

LAN know these addresses; the outside world sees only the public IP address when talking to a computer on your LAN.

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NIC packet ping port

PPP

PPPoA

A group of computers that are connected together, allowing them to communicate with each other and share resources, such as software, files, etc. A network can be small, such as a

LAN, or very large, such as the Internet.

A network mask is a sequence of bits applied to an IP address to select the network ID while ignoring the host ID. Bits set to 1 mean “select this bit” while bits set to 0 mean “ignore this bit.” For example, if the network mask 255.255.255.0 is applied to the IP address 100.10.50.1, the network ID is

100.10.50, and the host ID is 1. See binary, IP address, sub-

net.

Network Interface Card

An adapter card that plugs into your computer and provides the physical interface to your network cabling. For Ethernet

NICs this is typically an RJ-45 connector. See Ethernet, RJ-

45.

Data transmitted on a network consists of units called packets. Each packet contains a payload (the data), plus overhead information such as where it came from (source address) and where it should go (destination address).

Packet Internet (or Inter-Network) Groper

A program used to verify whether the host associated with an

IP address is online. It can also be used to reveal the IP address for a given domain name.

A physical access point to a device such as a computer or

Router, through which data flows into and out of the device.

Point-to-Point Protocol

A protocol for serial data transmission that is used to carry IP

(and other protocol) data between your ISP and your computer. The WAN interface on the Wireless ADSL2+ Router uses two forms of PPP called PPPoA and PPPoE. See PP-

PoA, PPPoE.

Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM

One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a

Virtual Circuit (VC), the other type being PPPoE. You can define only one PPPoA interface per VC.

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PPPoE protocol remote

RIP

RJ-11

RJ-45 routing

SDNS subnet subnet mask


Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet

One of the two types of PPP interfaces you can define for a

Virtual Circuit (VC), the other type being PPPoA. You can define one or more PPPoE interfaces per VC.

A set of rules governing the transmission of data. In order for a data transmission to work, both ends of the connection have to follow the rules of the protocol.

In a physically separate location. For example, an employee away on travel who logs in to the company’s intranet is a remote user.

Routing Information Protocol

The original TCP/IP routing protocol. There are two versions of RIP: version I and version II.

Registered Jack Standard-11

The standard plug used to connect telephones, fax machines, modems, etc. to a telephone port. It is a 6-pin connector usually containing four wires.

Registered Jack Standard-45

The 8-pin plug used in transmitting data over phone lines.

Ethernet cabling usually uses this type of connector.

Forwarding data between your network and the Internet on the most efficient route, based on the data’s destination IP address and current network conditions. A device that performs routing is called a Router.

Secondary Domain Name System (server)

A DNS server that can be used if the primary DSN server is not available. See DNS.

A subnet is a portion of a network. The subnet is distinguished from the larger network by a subnet mask that selects some of the computers of the network and excludes all others. The subnet’s computers remain physically connected to the rest of the parent network, but they are treated as though they were on a separate network. See network mask.

A mask that defines a subnet. See network mask.

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TCP

TCP/IP

Telnet

TFTP

TKIP triggers

See TCP/IP.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

The basic protocols used on the Internet. TCP is responsible for dividing data up into packets for delivery and reassembling them at the destination, while IP is responsible for delivering the packets from source to destination. When TCP and IP are bundled with higher-level applications such as HTTP, FTP,

Telnet, etc., TCP/IP refers to this whole suite of protocols.

An interactive, character-based program used to access a remote computer. While HTTP (the web protocol) and FTP only allow you to download files from a remote computer, Telnet allows you to log into and use a computer from a remote location.

Trivial File Transfer Protocol

A protocol for file transfers, TFTP is easier to use than File

Transfer Protocol (FTP) but not as capable or secure.

Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) provides WPA with a data encryption function. It ensures that a unique master key is generated for each packet, supports message integrity and sequencing rules and supports re-keying mechanisms.

Triggers are used to deal with application protocols that create separate sessions. Some applications, such as NetMeeting, open secondary connections during normal operations, for example, a connection to a server is established using one port, but data transfers are performed on a separate connection. A trigger tells the device to expect these secondary sessions and how to handle them.

Once you set a trigger, the embedded IP address of each incoming packet is replaced by the correct host address so that NAT can translate packets to the correct destination. You can specify whether you want to carry out address replacement, and if so, whether to replace addresses on TCP packets only, UDP packets only, or both.

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802.11n WLAN ADSL2+ Router twisted pair unnumbered interfaces upstream

VC

VCI

VPI

WAN

The ordinary copper telephone wiring used by telephone companies. It contains one or more wire pairs twisted together to reduce inductance and noise. Each telephone line uses one pair. In homes, it is most often installed with two pairs.

For Ethernet LANs, a higher grade called Category 3 (CAT

3) is used for 10BASE-T networks, and an even higher grade called Category 5 (CAT 5) is used for 100BASE-T networks.

See 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, Ethernet.

An unnumbered interface is an IP interface that does not have a local subnet associated with it. Instead, it uses a Router-id that serves as the source and destination address of packets sent to and from the Router. Unlike the IP address of a normal interface, the Router-id of an unnumbered interface is allowed to be the same as the IP address of another interface. For example, the WAN unnumbered interface of your device uses the same IP address of the LAN interface (10.0.0.2).

The unnumbered interface is temporary – PPP or DHCP will assign a ‘real’ IP address automatically.

The direction of data transmission from the user to the Internet.

Virtual Circuit

A connection from your DSL Router to your ISP.

Virtual Circuit Identifier

Together with the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI), the VCI uniquely identifies a VC. Your ISP will tell you the VCI for each VC they provide. See VC.

Virtual Path Identifier

Together with the Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI), the VPI uniquely identifies a VC. Your ISP will tell you the VPI for each VC they provide. See VC.

Wide Area Network

Any network spread over a large geographical area, such as a country or continent. With respect to the Wireless ADSL2+

Router, WAN refers to the Internet.

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Web browser

Web page

Web site

WWW

A software program that uses Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol

(HTTP) to download information from (and upload to) web sites, and displays the information, which may consist of text, graphic images, audio, or video, to the user. Web browsers use Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Popular web browsers include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet

Explorer. See HTTP, web site, WWW.

A web site file typically containing text, graphics and hyperlinks (cross-references) to the other pages on that web site, as well as to pages on other web sites. When a user accesses a web site, the first page that is displayed is called the

home page. See hyperlink, web site.

A computer on the Internet that distributes information to (and gets information from) remote users through web browsers.

A web site typically consists of web pages that contain text, graphics, and hyperlinks. See hyperlink, web page.

World Wide Web

Also called (the) Web. Collective term for all web sites anywhere in the world that can be accessed via the Internet.

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