TB2959HQ
Bi-CMOS Linear Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic
TB2959HQ
Maximum Power 47W BTL
4-ch Audio Power IC
The TB2959HQ is a four-channel BTL power amplifier for car audio applications.
This IC has a pure complementary P-ch and N-ch DMOS output stage, offering maximum output power (P
OUT
MAX) of 47W.
It includes a standby switch, mute function and various protection features.
Power IC developed for car audio applications.
Weight: 7.7 g (typ.)
High output power, low distortion, and low noise property (for details, refer to the Table 1)
Build-in AUX-IN (pin25)
Built-in various mute functions (low voltage, standby on/off)
Built-in standby switch (pin4)
Built-in mute switch (pin22)
Built-in various protection circuits (thermal shut down, over-voltage, short to GND, short to VCC, and output to output short)
Condition
Output power
(P
OUT
)
V
CC
= 15.2 V, JEITA max
V
CC
= 14.4 V, JEITA max
V
CC
= 14.4 V, THD
=
10%
THD = 10%
BW = 20 Hz to 20 kHz
Typ.
47
42
27
23
Total harmonic distortion
(THD)
P
OUT
= 5 W
Output noise voltage
(V
NO
) (Rg = 0 ),
Operating Supply voltage range
(V
CC
)
RL = 4
Ω
0.005
50
6 to 18
Unit
W
%
µV
V
Note1: Typical test conditions: V
CC
= 13.2 V, f = 1 kHz, R
L
= 4 , G
V
= 26 dB, Ta = 25°C; unless otherwise specified.
Note2: Rg: signal source resistance
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TB2959HQ
Note3: Some of the functional blocks, circuits or constants may be omitted from the block diagram or simplified for explanatory purposes.In the following explanation, a "channel" is a circuit which consists of INx, OUTx (+), OUTx (-), and PW-GNDx. (x:1 to 4)
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TB2959HQ
AUX-IN
PW-GND4
OUT4( )
Mute
OUT4( )
Vcc
OUT3( )
PW-GND3
OUT3( )
AC-GND
IN3
IN4
Pre GND
IN2
IN1
Ripple
OUT ( )
PW-GND1
OUT1( )
Vcc2
OUT2( )
Stby
OUT2( )
PW-GND2
TAB
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Pin Symbol
TAB
PW-GND2
OUT2(-)
OUT2(+)
V
CC2
OUT1(-)
OUT
Stby -IN
OUT
V
CC
-IN
OUT
PW-GND1
OUT1(+) OUT
I/O Description
TAB (Always connect with GND)
Ground for Rear Left output
Rear Left output-
Standby voltage input
Rear Left output+
Supply voltage 2
Front Left output-
Ground for Front Left output
Front Left output+
TB2959HQ
11
12
14
IN1
IN2
IN4
IN
IN
IN
Front Left input
Rear Left input
Rear Right input
16 AC-GND
18 PW-GND3
20 V
21
CC1
OUT4(+)
V
CC
-IN
OUT
IN
23 OUT4(-) OUT
24 PW-GND4
25 AUX-IN IN_Beep
Common reference voltage for all input
Ground for Front Right output
Supply voltage 1
Rear Right output+
Mute voltage input
Rear Right output-
Ground for Rear Right output
BEEP sound or voice synthesizer signal input
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Component
Name
Recomm ended
Value
Effect (Note4)
Pin Purpose
Lower than Recommended Value Higher than Recommended Value
C1 0.22 INx(x:1 to 4) To eliminate DC
Ripple
To reduce ripple
Cut-off frequency becomes higher
Turn on/off time and turn-on diag. cycle shorter
Cut-off frequency becomes lower
Turn on/off time and turn-on diag. cycle longer
C3 0.1
V
CC1,
V
CC2
To provide sufficient oscillation margin
Reduces noise and provides sufficient oscillation margin
C4 1uF Mute
F V
CC1,
V
CC2
To reduce pop noise
High pop noise. Duration until mute function is turned on/off is short.
Low pop noise. Duration until mute function is turned on/off is long.
Power supply ripple filtering
C6
1 F
AC-GND
Ripple filter
Common reference voltage for all input
Pop noise is suppressed when C1: C6 = 1:4. (Note5)
C7
0.22
F
R1 47k
AUX-IN
Mute
To eliminate DC
To reduce pop noise
Cut-off frequency is increased in
AUX
High pop noise. Duration until mute function is turned on/off is short.
Cut-off frequency is reduced in
AUX.
Low pop noise. Duration until mute function is turned on/off is long.
Note4: When the unrecommended value is used, please examine it enough by system evaluation.
Note5: Since “AC-GND” pin is a common reference voltage for all input, this product needs to set the ratio of an input apacitance (C1) and the AC-GND capacitance (C6) to 1:4.
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The power supply can be turned on or off via pin 4 (Stby). The threshold voltage of pin 4 is set at about 3 V
BE
(typ.). The power supply current is about 0.01
A (typ.) in the standby state.
SB
Stand-by Power V
SB
(V)
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
0 to 0.9
2.2 to V
CC
Check the pop levels when the time constant of pin 4 is changed.
ON
Power
OFF
4
10 k
20 k
60 k
to Bias
3 k
Benefits of the Standby Switch
(1) V
CC
can be directly turned on or off by a microcontroller, eliminating the need for a switching relay.
(2) Since the control current is minuscule, a low-current-rated switching relay can be used.
Relay
V
CC
High-current-rated switch
Battery
V
CC
– Conventional Method –
Battery
From microcontroller
Low-current-rated switch
Battery
Standby V
CC
From microcontroller
Standby V
CC
– Using the Standby Switch –
Battery
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The audio mute switch is enabled by setting pin 22 Low. R
1
and C
4
determine the time constant of the mute. The time constant affects pop noise generated when power or the mute is turned on or off; thus, it must be determined on a per-application basis.
The value of the external pull-up resistor is determined, based on pop noise value.
For example, when the control voltage is changed from 5 V to 3.3 V, the pull-up resistor should be:
3.3 V/5 V
47 k
31 k
ATT – V
MUTE
20
5 V
R
1
C
4
22
1 k
Mute On/Off control
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
0.5
1 1.5 2 2.5
Pin 22 control voltage: V
MUTE
E
(V)
3
MUTE
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The mute mode in this product is a mute at standby on/off, an internal mute for low voltage. If the mute is turned off before charging C1 and C4 is finished, pop noise occurs because of input offset. Set “mute-off” with sufficient margin in considering a charge time.
Low Voltage Mute is operated inside the IC the Ripple pin voltage becomes about under the about
5.6V.
A mute operation starts automatically inside the IC after standby-low until the Ripple pin voltage becomes about 1/2 Vcc-0.7V.
Standby Off
Standby “Hi”
Ripple pin
Voltage
1/2Vcc
1/2Vcc-0.7V
Ripple pin voltage t
Standby off
Operation period of Standby mute
Mute Off
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The pin 25 is for input terminal of AUX amplifier. The total gain is 0dB by using of AUX amplifier.
Therefore, the
-COM can directly drive the AUX amplifier. BEEP sound or voice synthesizer signal can be input to pin 25 directly.
When AUX function is not used, this pin must be connected to PRE-GND (pin 13) via a capacitor.
IN microcomputer
AUX-IN
25
AUX AMP
-20dB
20dB
20dB
OUT (
)
OUT (
)
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This product has internal protection circuits such as thermal shut down, over-voltage, out to V
CC
, out to
GND, and out to out short circuit protections.
(1) Thermal shut down
It operates when junction temperature exceeds 150°C (typ.).
When it operates, it is protected in the following order.
1. An Attenuation of an output starts first and the amount of attenuation also increases according to a temperature rising,
2. All outputs become in a mute state, when temperature continues rising in spite of output attenuation.
3. Shutdown function starts, when a temperature rise continues though all outputs are in a mute state.
In any case if temperature falls, it will return automatically.
(2) Over-voltage
It operates when voltage exceeding operating range is supplied to V
CC pin. If voltage falls, it will return automatically. When it operates, output bias is turned off and an output is intercepted.
(3) Short to V
CC
, Short to GND, Output to output short
It operates when each pin is in irregular connection. If irregular connection is canceled, it will return automatically.
Short circuit protection can operate for each channel.
When it operates, output bias of corresponding output is turned off and an output is intercepted.
Example) If channel 1 output shorts, channel 1 is protected but other channels 2 to 4 are available.
(4) Prevention of speaker damage (in case of a layer short-circuit of the speaker)
When the DC resistance between the OUT
and OUT
pins falls below 1
, the output current exceeds
4 A. At this time, the protection circuit is activated to limit the current draw into the speaker.
This feature prevents the speaker from being damaged, as follows:
< Speaker damaging scenario >
A DC current of over 4 V is applied to the speaker due to an external circuit failure (Note 6).
(Abnormal DC output offset)
The speaker impedance becomes 1
or less due to a layer short.
A current of over 4 A flows into the speaker, damaging the speaker.
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Current into the speaker
Less than 4 A
The short-circuit protection is activated
TB2959HQ
Speaker Impedance
About 1
4
Note 6: An abnormal DC offset voltage is incurred when the input bias to the power IC is lost due to a leakage current from a coupling capacitor at the input or a short-circuit between the IN and adjacent lines.
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(Ta = 25°C
unless otherwise specified
)
supply voltage (surge) supply voltage (DC) supply voltage (operation) output current (peak) power dissipation
Operating temperature range
Storage temperature
max0.2s V
CC (surge)
V
CC (DC)
50 V
25 V
V
CC (opr)
18 V
9 A
(Note7)
I
O (peak)
P
D
T opr
T stg
-40 to 85
-55 to 150
°C
°C
Note7: Package thermal resistance R th(j-t)
= 1°C/W (typ.) (Ta = 25°C, with infinite heat sink)
The absolute maximum ratings of a semiconductor device are a set of specified parameter values, which must not be exceeded during operation, even for an instant.
If any of these rating would be exceeded during operation, the device electrical characteristics may be irreparably altered and the reliability and lifetime of the device can no longer be guaranteed. Moreover, these operations with exceeded ratings may cause break down, damage, and/or degradation to any other equipment. Applications using the device should be designed such that each maximum rating will never be exceeded in any operating conditions.
Before using, creating, and/or producing designs, refer to and comply with the precautions and conditions set forth in this document.
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
(1)
(3)
25 50
P
D
(max)
– Ta
(1) Infinite heat sink
R th(j-t)
= 1
C/W
(2) Heat sink (R th(HS)
= 3.5
C/W)
R th(j-t)
+ R th(HS)
= 4.5
C/W
(3) No heat sink
R th(j-a)
= 39
C/W
75
(2)
100 125
Ambient Temperature Ta (°C)
150
Characteristics Symbol Min Typ. Max Unit
Supply voltage
V
CC
Condition
R
L
=4
Ω
6 18 V
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TB2959HQ
Quiescent supply current
Output power
Total harmonic distortion
Voltage gain
(V
CC
= 13.2 V, f = 1 kHz, R
L
= 4
Ω
, G
V
=26dB, Ta = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Test
Circuit
Test Condition Min Typ. Max Unit
I
CCQ
160 300 mA
P
OUT
MAX (1)
P
OUT
MAX (2)
P
OUT
(1)
P
OUT
(2)
THD
G
V
V
IN
0
V
CC
15.2 V, max POWER
V
CC
14.4 V, max POWER
V
CC
14.4 V, THD
10%
THD
P
OUT
5 W
V
OUT
0.775 Vrms
47
42
27
21 23
0.005
25 26 27
W
% dB
Channel-to-channel voltage gain
G
V
V
OUT
0.775 Vrms
1.0 0 1.0 dB
Output noise voltage
Ripple rejection ratio
Crosstalk
Output offset voltage
Input resistance
Standby current
Standby control voltage
Mute control voltage
Mute attenuation
V
NO
(1)
V
NO
(2)
R.R.
C.T.
V
OFFSET
R
IN
I
SB
V
SB
H
V
SB
L
V
M
H
V
M
L
ATT M
R g
0
, DIN45405
R g
0
, BW
20 Hz to 20 kHz f rip
100 Hz, R
V rip g
620
(Note9)
0.775 Vrms
R g
620
P
OUT
4 W
50
50 70
80
50
Vrms
dB
dB
90 0 90 mV
90
k
Standby condition, V4
0, V22
0
POWER:
POWER:
0.01 1
2.2
0
A
V
CC
0.9
V
MUTE: 2.2
Vcc
MUTE: R
1
47 k
0
V
MUTE: ON, DIN_AUDIO
V
OUT
7.75 Vrms
Mute: OFF
85 100
dB
Upper cut-off frequency
F th
G
V
26dB, 3dB down
400
kHz
Note9: f
RIP
V
RIP
Ripple frequency
Ripple signal voltage (AC fluctuations in the power supply)
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TB2959HQ
Components in the test circuits are only used to obtain and confirm the device characteristics.
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TB2959HQ
THD – P
OUT
(ch1)
100
50
VCC = 13.2 V
GV = 26dB
30
RL = 4
Filter
10
100 Hz : to 30 kHz
1 kHz : 400 Hz to 30 kHz
5
3
10 kHz : 400 Hz to
20 kHz : 400 Hz to
THD – P
OUT
(ch2)
100
50
VCC = 13.2 V
30
GV = 26dB
RL = 4
Filter
10
100 Hz : to 30 kHz
1 kHz : 400 Hz to 30 kHz
5
3
10 kHz : 400 Hz to
20 kHz : 400 Hz to
1
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
0.001
1
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
20 kHz
10 kHz
100 Hz f = 1 kHz
0.001
0.1 0.3 0.5 10
Output power P
OUT
(W)
50 100
THD – P
OUT
(ch3)
100
50
VCC = 13.2 V
GV = 26dB
30
RL = 4
Filter
10
100 Hz : to 30 kHz
1 kHz : 400 Hz to30 kHz
5
3
10 kHz : 400 Hz to
20 kHz : 400 Hz to
20 kHz
10 kHz
100 Hz f = 1 kHz
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
1
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
1
0.5
0.3
20 kHz
10 kHz
100 Hz f = 1 kHz
0.001
0.1
0.3
0.5
Output power P
OUT
(W)
THD – P
OUT
(ch4)
100
50
VCC = 13.2 V
30
GV = 26dB
RL = 4
Filter
10
100 Hz : to 30 kHz
1 kHz : 400 Hz to 30 kHz
5
3
10 kHz : 400 Hz to
20 kHz : 400 Hz to
20 kHz
10 kHz
100 Hz f = 1 kHz
Output power P
OUT
(W)
0.001
0.1
0.3
0.5
Output power P
OUT
(W)
L
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TB2959HQ
0.1
0.05
0.03
1
0.5
0.3
0.01
0.005
0.003
THD – P
OUT
(ch1)
100
50
30
GV = 26dB
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
Filter
400 Hz to 30 kHz
10
13.2 V
5
3
VCC = 6.0 V 16.0 V
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
1
0.5
0.3
THD – P
OUT
(ch2)
100
50
30
GV = 26dB
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
Filter
400 Hz to 30 kHz
10
13.2 V
5
3
VCC = 6.0 V 16.0 V
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
0.001
Output power P
OUT
(W)
THD – P
OUT
(ch3)
100
50
30
GV = 26dB
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
Filter
400 Hz to 30 kHz
10
13.2 V
5
3
1
0.5
0.3
VCC = 6.0 V 16.0 V
0.001
0.1
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.005
0.003
0.001
0.1
0.3
0.5
Output power P
OUT
(W)
THD – P
OUT
(ch4)
100
50
30
GV = 26dB
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
Filter
400 Hz to 30 kHz
10
13.2 V
5
3
1
0.5
0.3
VCC = 6.0 V 16.0 V
Output power P
OUT
(W)
0.001
0.1
0.3
0.5
Output power P
OUT
(W)
L
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TB2959HQ
3
1
0.3
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
POUT = 5 W
Filter nothing
0.1
16 V
0.03
0.01
13.2 V
8 V
THD – f
0.003
0.001
0.01 0.1
1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
100
28
26
24
22
20
0.01
G
V
– f
1ch to 4ch
0.1 1
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
VOUT = 0.775 Vrms (0dBm)
10
Frequency f (kHz)
100
60
80
100
120
0.01
ATT
MUTE
– f
0
20
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
VOUT = 7.75 Vrms (20dBm)
40
0.1
1ch~4ch
1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
100
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TB2959HQ
R.R. – f (G
V
= 26dB)
0
20
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
RG = 620
Vrip = 0.775 Vrms (0dBm)
GV = 26dB
40
60
2ch
1ch
4ch
3ch
80
0.01 0.1
1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
100
C.T. – f (ch1)
0
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
20
VOUT = 0.775 Vrms (0dBm)
RG = 620
40
C.T. – f (ch2)
0
20
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
VOUT = 0.775 Vrms (0dBm)
RG = 620
40
2ch
60
4ch
80
60
80
100
0.01
3ch
0.1 1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
100
100
0.01
0.1
1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
1ch
4ch
3ch
100
C.T. – f (ch3)
0
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
20
VOUT = 0.775 Vrms (0dBm)
RG = 620
40
1ch
60
2ch
80
100
0.01 0.1 1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
4ch
100
C.T. – f (ch4)
0
20
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
VOUT = 0.775 Vrms (0dBm)
RG = 620
40
60
1ch
80
2ch
100
0.01
0.1
1 10
Frequency f (kHz)
3ch
100
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P
OUT
(ch1) – V
IN
50 50
100 Hz
40 40
30
20
1 kHz f = 20 kHz 10 kHz
30
20
10
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
Filter nothing
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Input voltage V
IN (rms)
(V)
P
OUT
(ch3) – V
IN
50
100 Hz
40
1 kHz f = 20 kHz
10 kHz
P
OUT
(ch2) – V
IN
100 Hz
30
20
1 kHz f = 20 kHz 10 kHz
30
20
10
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
Filter nothing
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Input voltage V
IN (rms)
(V)
P
OUT
(ch4) – V
IN
50
100 Hz
40
1 kHz f = 20 kHz
10 kHz
10
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
Filter nothing
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Input voltage V
IN (rms)
(V)
P
D
– P
OUT
(R
L
= 4
)
80 f = 1 kHz
RL = 4
4ch drive
60
10
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
Filter nothing
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Input voltage V
IN (rms)
(V)
18 V
40
20
6.0 V
0
0 5 10
Output power
P
OUT
(W)
13.2 V
25
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V
NO
– R g
150
100
VCC = 13.2 V
RL = 4
f = 1 kHz
Filter
to 20 kHz
1ch~4ch
50
0
10 100 1 k 10 k
Signal source resistance R g
(
)
100 k
TB2959HQ
I
CCQ
– V
CC
150
100
50
250
200
VIN = 0 V
RL =
0
15
Supply voltage V
CC
(V)
25
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TB2959HQ
Weight: 7.7g (typ.)
About solderability, following conditions were confirmed.
(1) Use of Sn-37Pb solder Bath
solder bath temperature = 230°C
dipping time = 5 seconds the number of times = once use of R-type flux
(2) Use of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder Bath
solder bath temperature = 245
°C
dipping time = 5 seconds the number of time = once use of R-type flux
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This drawing is a component side, and a schematic diagram of evaluation board “RP-2024 for 4ch power
IC using HZIP25-P-1.00F (SPP25), a solder side.
Note: This board can be shared with some products.
Please confirm external parts of the evaluated product beforehand when you unite the evaluation board.
Component side
Solder side
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Use an appropriate power supply fuse to ensure that a large current does not continuously flow in case of over current and/or IC failure. The IC will fully break down when used under conditions that exceed its absolute maximum ratings, when the wiring is routed improperly or when an abnormal pulse noise occurs from the wiring or load, causing a large current to continuously flow and the breakdown can lead smoke or ignition. To minimize the effects of the flow of a large current in case of breakdown, appropriate settings, such as fuse capacity, fusing time and insertion circuit location, are required.
If your design includes an inductive load such as a motor coil, incorporate a protection circuit into the design to prevent device malfunction or breakdown caused by the current resulting from the inrush current at power ON or the negative current resulting from the back electromotive force at power OFF. For details on how to connect a protection circuit such as a current limiting resistor or back electromotive force adsorption diode, refer to individual IC datasheets or the IC databook. IC breakdown may cause injury, smoke or ignition.
Use a stable power supply with ICs with built-in protection functions. If the power supply is unstable, the protection function may not operate, causing IC breakdown. IC breakdown may cause injury, smoke or ignition.
Carefully select external components (such as inputs and negative feedback capacitors) and load components (such as speakers), for example, power amp and regulator. If there is a large amount of leakage current such as input or negative feedback condenser, the IC output DC voltage will increase. If this output voltage is connected to a speaker with low input withstand voltage, overcurrent or IC failure can cause smoke or ignition. (The over current can cause smoke or ignition from the IC itself.) In particular, please pay attention when using a Bridge Tied Load (BTL) connection type IC that inputs output DC voltage to a speaker directly.
Over current Protection Circuit
Over current protection circuits (referred to as current limiter circuits) do not necessarily protect ICs under all circumstances. If the Over current protection circuits operate against the over current, clear the over current status immediately. Depending on the method of use and usage conditions, such as exceeding absolute maximum ratings can cause the over current protection circuit to not operate properly or IC breakdown before operation. In addition, depending on the method of use and usage conditions, if over current continues to flow for a long time after operation, the IC may generate heat resulting in breakdown.
Thermal Shutdown Circuit
Thermal shutdown circuits do not necessarily protect ICs under all circumstances. If the Thermal shutdown circuits operate against the over temperature, clear the heat generation status immediately.
Depending on the method of use and usage conditions, such as exceeding absolute maximum ratings can cause the thermal shutdown circuit to not operate properly or IC breakdown before operation.
Heat Radiation Design
When using an IC with large current flow such as power amp, regulator or driver, please design the device so that heat is appropriately radiated, not to exceed the specified junction temperature (Tj) at any time and condition. These ICs generate heat even during normal use. An inadequate IC heat radiation design can lead to decrease in IC life, deterioration of IC characteristics or IC breakdown. In addition, please design the device taking into considerate the effect of IC heat radiation with peripheral components.
Installation to Heat Sink
Please install the power IC to the heat sink not to apply excessive mechanical stress to the IC. Excessive mechanical stress can lead to package cracks, resulting in a reduction in reliability or breakdown of internal IC chip. In addition, depending on the IC, the use of silicon rubber may be prohibited. Check whether the use of silicon rubber is prohibited for the IC you intend to use, or not. For details of power IC heat radiation design and heat sink installation, refer to individual technical datasheets or IC databooks.
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TB2959HQ
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