Cisco Nexus 9000 NX-OS Network Switch Configuration Guide

Below you will find brief information for Network Switch Nexus 9000 NX-OS. The guide describes how to configure object tracking on the Cisco Nexus 9000 NX-OS device. This includes the following sections information about object tracking, licensing requirements for object tracking, guidelines and limitations, default settings, configuring object tracking, verifying the configuration, configuration examples, related topics, and additional references. Object tracking is used to track specific objects on the device, such as interface line-protocol state, IP routing, and route reachability, the guide also describes how to take action when the tracked object’s state changes. The guide features instructions to increase the availability of the network and shorten recovery time if an object state goes down.

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CH A P T E R
19
Configuring Object Tracking
This chapter describes how to configure object tracking on the Cisco NX-OS device.
This chapter includes the following sections:
•
Information About Object Tracking, page 19-1
•
Licensing Requirements for Object Tracking, page 19-3
•
Guidelines and Limitations, page 19-3
•
Default Settings, page 19-3
•
Configuring Object Tracking, page 19-4
•
Verifying the Object Tracking Configuration, page 19-14
•
Configuration Examples for Object Tracking, page 19-14
•
Related Topics, page 19-15
•
Additional References, page 19-15
Information About Object Tracking
Object tracking allows you to track specific objects on the device, such as the interface line protocol
state, IP routing, and route reachability, and to take action when the tracked object’s state changes. This
feature allows you to increase the availability of the network and shorten recovery time if an object state
goes down.
This section includes the following topics:
•
Object Tracking Overview, page 19-1
•
Object Track List, page 19-2
•
High Availability, page 19-3
•
Virtualization Support, page 19-3
Object Tracking Overview
The object tracking feature allows you to create a tracked object that multiple clients can use to modify
the client behavior when a tracked object changes. Several clients register their interest with the tracking
process, track the same object, and take different actions when the object state changes.
Clients include the following features:
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Information About Object Tracking
•
Embedded Event Manager (EEM)
•
Hot Standby Redundancy Protocol (HSRP)
•
Virtual port channel (vPC)
•
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
The object tracking monitors the status of the tracked objects and communicates any changes made to
interested clients. Each tracked object is identified by a unique number that clients can use to configure
the action to take when a tracked object changes state.
Cisco NX-OS tracks the following object types:
•
Interface line protocol state—Tracks whether the line protocol state is up or down.
•
Interface IP routing state—Tracks whether the interface has an IPv4 or IPv6 address and if IPv4 or
IPv6 routing is enabled and active.
•
IP route reachability—Tracks whether an IPv4 or IPv6 route exists and is reachable from the local
device.
For example, you can configure HSRP to track the line protocol of the interface that connects one of the
redundant routers to the rest of the network. If that link protocol goes down, you can modify the priority
of the affected HSRP router and cause a switchover to a backup router that has better network
connectivity.
Object Track List
An object track list allows you to track the combined states of multiple objects. Object track lists support
the following capabilities:
•
Boolean &quot;and&quot; function—Each object defined within the track list must be in an up state so that the
track list object can become up.
•
Boolean &quot;or&quot; function—At least one object defined within the track list must be in an up state so
that the tracked object can become up.
•
Threshold percentage—The percentage of up objects in the tracked list must be greater than the
configured up threshold for the tracked list to be in the up state. If the percentage of down objects
in the tracked list is above the configured track list down threshold, the tracked list is marked as
down.
•
Threshold weight—Assign a weight value to each object in the tracked list, and a weight threshold
for the track list. If the combined weights of all up objects exceeds the track list weight up threshold,
the track list is in an up state. If the combined weights of all the down objects exceeds the track list
weight down threshold, the track list is in the down state.
Other entities, such as virtual port channels (vPCs) can use an object track list to modify the state of a
vPC based on the state of the multiple peer links that create the vPC. See the Cisco Nexus 9000 Series
NX-OS Interfaces Configuration Guide for more information on vPCs.
See the “Configuring an Object Track List with a Boolean Expression” section on page 19-7 for more
information on track lists.
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Licensing Requirements for Object Tracking
High Availability
Object tracking supports high availability through stateful restarts. A stateful restart occurs when the
object tracking process crashes. Object tracking also supports a stateful switchover on a dual supervisor
system. Cisco NX-OS applies the runtime configuration after the switchover.
You can also use object tracking to modify the behavior of a client to improve overall network
availability.
Virtualization Support
Object tracking supports virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances. By default, Cisco NX-OS
tracks the route reachability state of objects in the default VRF. If you want to track objects in another
VRF, you must configure the object to be a member of that VRF (see the “Configuring Object Tracking
for a Nondefault VRF” section on page 19-13).
Licensing Requirements for Object Tracking
The following table shows the licensing requirements for this feature:
Product
License Requirement
Cisco NX-OS
Object tracking requires no license. Any feature not included in a license package is bundled with the nx-os
image and is provided at no extra charge to you. For a complete explanation of the Cisco NX-OS licensing
scheme, see the Cisco NX-OS Licensing Guide.
Guidelines and Limitations
Object tracking has the following configuration guidelines and limitations:
•
Supports Ethernet, subinterfaces, port channels, loopback interfaces, and VLAN interfaces.
•
Supports one tracked object per HSRP group.
Default Settings
Table 19-1 lists the default settings for object tracking parameters.
Table 19-1
Default Object Tracking Parameters
Parameters
Default
Tracked object VRF
Member of default VRF
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Configuring Object Tracking
Configuring Object Tracking
This section includes the following topics:
Note
•
Configuring Object Tracking for an Interface, page 19-4
•
Deleting a Tracked Object, page 19-5
•
Configuring Object Tracking for Route Reachability, page 19-6
•
Configuring an Object Track List with a Boolean Expression, page 19-7
•
Configuring an Object Track List with a Percentage Threshold, page 19-8
•
Configuring an Object Track List with a Weight Threshold, page 19-9
•
Configuring an Object Tracking Delay, page 19-11
•
Configuring Object Tracking for a Nondefault VRF, page 19-13
If you are familiar with the Cisco IOS CLI, be aware that the Cisco NX-OS commands for this feature
might differ from the Cisco IOS commands that you would use.
Configuring Object Tracking for an Interface
You can configure Cisco NX-OS to track the line protocol or IPv4 or IPv6 routing state of an interface.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
track object-id interface interface-type number {ip routing | ipv6 routing | line-protocol}
3.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
4.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
track object-id interface interface-type
number {ip routing | ipv6 routing |
line-protocol}
Creates a tracked object for an interface and enters
tracking configuration mode. The object-id range is
from 1 to 500.
Example:
switch(config)# track 1 interface
ethernet 1/2 line-protocol
switch(config-track)#
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Configuring Object Tracking
Step 3
Command
Purpose
show track [object-id]
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track 1
Step 4
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
This example shows how to configure object tracking for the line protocol state on Ethernet 1/2:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 1 interface ethernet 1/2 line-protocol
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
This example shows how to configure object tracking for the IPv4 routing state on Ethernet 1/2:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 2 interface ethernet 1/2 ip routing
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
This example shows how to configure object tracking for the IPv6 routing state on Ethernet 1/2:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 3 interface ethernet 1/2 ipv6 routing
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
Deleting a Tracked Object
You can delete a tracked object.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
no track object-id
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
no track object-id
Example:
switch(config)# no track 1
switch(config-track)#
Deletes a tracked object for an interface. The object-id
range is from 1 to 500.
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Configuring Object Tracking
This example shows how to delete a tracked object:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# no track 1
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
Configuring Object Tracking for Route Reachability
You can configure Cisco NX-OS to track the existence and reachability of an IP route or IPv6 route.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
track object-id {ip | ipv6} route prefix/length reachability
3.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
4.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
Step 3
Example:
switch(config)# track 3 ipv6 route
2::5/64 reachability
switch(config-track)#
Creates a tracked object for a route and enters tracking
configuration mode. The object-id range is from 1 to
500. The prefix format for IPv4 is A.B.C.D/length,
where the length range is from 1 to 32. The prefix
format for IPv6 is A:B::C:D/length, where the length
range is from 1 to 128.
show track [object-id]
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
track object-id {ip | ipv6} route
prefix/length reachability
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track 1
Step 4
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
This example shows how to configure object tracking for an IPv4 route in the default VRF:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 4 ip route 192.0.2.0/8 reachability
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
This example shows how to configure object tracking for an IPv6 route in the default VRF:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 5 ipv6 route 10::10/128 reachability
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
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Configuring Object Tracking
Configuring an Object Track List with a Boolean Expression
You can configure an object track list that contains multiple tracked objects. A tracked list contains one
or more objects. The Boolean expression enables two types of calculation by using either &quot;and&quot; or &quot;or&quot;
operators. For example, when tracking two interfaces using the &quot;and&quot; operator, up means that both
interfaces are up, and down means that either interface is down.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
track track-number list boolean {and | or}
3.
object object-id [not]
4.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
5.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
Configures a tracked list object and enters tracking
configuration mode. Specifies that the state of the
tracked list is based on a Boolean calculation. The
Example:
switch(config)# track 1 list boolean and keywords are as follows:
switch(config-track)#
• and—Specifies that the list is up if all objects are
up or down if one or more objects are down. For
example, when tracking two interfaces, up means
that both interfaces are up, and down means that
either interface is down.
track track-number list boolean {and |
or}
•
or—Specifies that the list is up if at least one
object is up. For example, when tracking two
interfaces, up means that either interface is up, and
down means that both interfaces are down.
The track-number range is from 1 to 500.
Step 3
object object-id [not]
Example:
switch(config-track)# object 10
Adds a tracked object to the track list. The object-id
range is from 1 to 500. The not keyword optionally
negates the tracked object state.
Note
The example means that when object 10 is up,
the tracked list detects object 10 as down.
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Step 4
Command
Purpose
show track [object-id]
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track
Step 5
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
This example shows how to configure a track list with multiple objects as a Boolean “and”:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 1 list boolean and
switch(config-track)# object 10
switch(config-track)# object 20 not
Configuring an Object Track List with a Percentage Threshold
You can configure an object track list that contains a percentage threshold. A tracked list contains one
or more objects. The percentage of up objects must exceed the configured track list up percent threshold
before the track list is in an up state. For example, if the tracked list has three objects and you configure
an up threshold of 60 percent, two of the objects must be in the up state (66 percent of all objects) for
the track list to be in the up state.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
track track-number list threshold percentage
3.
threshold percentage up up-value down down-value
4.
object object-id
5.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
6.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
track track-number list threshold
percentage
Example:
switch(config)# track 1 list threshold
percentage
switch(config-track)#
Configures a tracked list object and enters tracking
configuration mode. Specifies that the state of the
tracked list is based on a configured threshold percent.
The track-number range is from 1 to 500.
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Configuring Object Tracking
Step 3
Command
Purpose
threshold percentage up up-value down
down-value
Configures the threshold percentage for the tracked
list. The range from 0 to 100 percent.
Example:
switch(config-track)# threshold
percentage up 70 down 30
Step 4
object object-id
Example:
switch(config-track)# object 10
Step 5
Adds a tracked object to the track list. The object-id
range is from 1 to 500.
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
show track [object-id]
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track
Step 6
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
This example shows how to configure a track list with an up threshold of 70 percent and a down threshold
of 30 percent:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 1 list threshold percentage
switch(config-track)# threshold percentage up 70 down 30
switch(config-track)# object 10
switch(config-track)# object 20
switch(config-track)# object 30
Configuring an Object Track List with a Weight Threshold
You can configure an object track list that contains a weight threshold. A tracked list contains one or
more objects. The combined weight of up objects must exceed the configured track list up weight
threshold before the track list is in an up state. For example, if the tracked list has three objects with the
default weight of 10 each and you configure an up threshold of 15, two of the objects must be in the up
state (combined weight of 20) for the track list to be in the up state.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
track track-number list threshold weight
3.
threshold weight up up-value down down-value
4.
object object-id weight value
5.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
6.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
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Configuring Object Tracking
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
track track-number list threshold weight
Example:
switch(config)# track 1 list threshold
weight
switch(config-track)#
Step 3
threshold weight up up-value down
down-value
Configures a tracked list object and enters tracking
configuration mode. Specifies that the state of the
tracked list is based on a configured threshold weight.
The track-number range is from 1 to 500.
Configures the threshold weight for the tracked list.
The range from 1 to 255.
Example:
switch(config-track)# threshold weight
up 30 down 10
Step 4
object object-id weight value
Example:
switch(config-track)# object 10 weight
15
Step 5
show track [object-id]
Adds a tracked object to the track list. The object-id
range is from 1 to 500. The value range is from 1 to
255. The default weight value is 10.
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track
Step 6
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
This example shows how to configure a track list with an up weight threshold of 30 and a down threshold
of 10:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 1 list threshold
switch(config-track)# threshold weight
switch(config-track)# object 10 weight
switch(config-track)# object 20 weight
switch(config-track)# object 30
weight
up 30 down 10
15
15
In this example, the track list is up if object 10 and object 20 are up, and the track list goes to the down
state if all three objects are down.
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Configuring Object Tracking
Configuring an Object Tracking Delay
You can configure a delay for a tracked object or an object track list that delays when the object or list
triggers a stage change. The tracked object or track list starts the delay timer when a state change occurs
but does not recognize a state change until the delay timer expires. At that point, Cisco NX-OS checks
the object state again and records a state change only if the object or list currently has a changed state.
Object tracking ignores any intermediate state changes before the delay timer expires.
For example, for an interface line-protocol tracked object that is in the up state with a 20-second down
delay, the delay timer starts when the line protocol goes down. The object is not in the down state unless
the line protocol is down 20 seconds later.
You can configure an independent up delay and down delay for a tracked object or track list. When you
delete the delay, object tracking deletes both the up and down delay.
You can change the delay at any point. If the object or list is already counting down the delay timer from
a triggered event, the new delay is computed as follows:
•
If the new configuration value is less than the old configuration value, the timer starts with the new
value.
•
If the new configuration value is more than the old configuration value, the timer is calculated as the
new configuration value minus the current timer countdown minus the old configuration value.
1.
configure terminal
2.
track object-id {parameters}
3.
track track-number list {parameters}
4.
delay {up up-time [down down-time] | down down-time [up up-time]}
5.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
6.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
SUMMARY STEPS
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
track object-id {parameters}
Example:
switch(config)# track 2 ip route
192.0.2.0/8 reachability
switch(config-track)#
Step 3
track track-number list {parameters}
Example:
switch(config)# track 1 list threshold
weight
switch(config-track)#
Creates a tracked object for a route and enters tracking
configuration mode. The object-id range is from 1 to
500. The prefix format for IPv4 is A.B.C.D/length,
where the length range is from 1 to 32. The prefix
format for IPv6 is A:B::C:D/length, where the length
range is from 1 to 128.
Configures a tracked list object and enters tracking
configuration mode. Specifies that the state of the
tracked list is based on a configured threshold weight.
The track-number range is from 1 to 500.
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Step 4
Command
Purpose
delay {up up-time [down down-time] |
down down-time [up up-time]}
Configures the object delay timers. The range is from
0 to 180 seconds.
Example:
switch(config-track)# delay up 20 down
30
Step 5
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
show track [object-id]
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track 3
Step 6
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
This example shows how to configure object tracking for a route and use delay timers:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 2 ip route 209.165.201.0/8 reachability
switch(config-track)# delay up 20 down 30
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
This example shows how to configure a track list with an up weight threshold of 30 and a down threshold
of 10 with delay timers:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 1 list threshold
switch(config-track)# threshold weight
switch(config-track)# object 10 weight
switch(config-track)# object 20 weight
switch(config-track)# object 30
switch(config-track)# delay up 20 down
weight
up 30 down 10
15
15
30
This example shows the delay timer in the show track command output before and after an interface is
shut down:
switch(config-track)# show track
Track 1
Interface loopback1 Line Protocol
Line Protocol is UP
1 changes, last change 00:00:13
Delay down 10 secs
switch(config-track)# interface loopback 1
switch(config-if)# shutdown
switch(config-if)# show track
Track 1
Interface loopback1 Line Protocol
Line Protocol is delayed DOWN (8 secs remaining)&lt;------- delay timer counting down
1 changes, last change 00:00:22
Delay down 10 secs
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Configuring Object Tracking
Configuring Object Tracking for a Nondefault VRF
You can configure Cisco NX-OS to track an object in a specific VRF.
BEFORE YOU BEGIN
Ensure that nondefault VRFs are created first.
SUMMARY STEPS
1.
configure terminal
2.
track object-id {ip | ipv6} route prefix/length reachability
3.
vrf member vrf-name
4.
(Optional) show track [object-id]
5.
(Optional) copy running-config startup-config
DETAILED STEPS
Step 1
Command
Purpose
configure terminal
Enters global configuration mode.
Example:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)#
Step 2
track object-id {ip | ipv6} route
prefix/length reachability
Example:
switch(config)# track 3 ipv6 route
1::2/64 reachability
switch(config-track)#
Step 3
vrf member vrf-name
Example:
switch(config-track)# vrf member Red
Step 4
Creates a tracked object for a route and enters tracking
configuration mode. The object-id range is from 1 to
500. The prefix format for IPv4 is A.B.C.D/length,
where the length range is from 1 to 32. The prefix
format for IPv6 is A:B::C:D/length, where the length
range is from 1 to 128.
Configures the VRF to use for tracking the configured
object.
(Optional) Displays object tracking information.
show track [object-id]
Example:
switch(config-track)# show track 3
Step 5
copy running-config startup-config
Example:
switch(config-track)# copy
running-config startup-config
(Optional) Copies the running configuration to the
startup configuration.
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Verifying the Object Tracking Configuration
This example shows how to configure object tracking for a route and use VRF Red to look up
reachability information for this object:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 2 ip route 209.165.201.0/8 reachability
switch(config-track)# vrf member Red
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
This example shows how to configure object tracking for an IPv6 route and use VRF Red to look up
reachability information for this object:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 3 ipv6 route 1::2/64 reachability
switch(config-track)# vrf member Red
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
This example shows how to modify tracked object 2 to use VRF Blue instead of VRF Red to look up
reachability information for this object:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 2
switch(config-track)# vrf member Blue
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
Verifying the Object Tracking Configuration
To display object tracking configuration information, perform one of the following tasks:
Command
Purpose
show track [object-id] [brief]
Displays the object tracking information for one
or more objects.
show track [object-id] interface [brief]
Displays the interface-based object tracking
information.
show track [object-id] {ip | ipv6} route [brief]
Displays the IPv4 or IPv6 route-based object
tracking information.
Configuration Examples for Object Tracking
This example shows how to configure object tracking for route reachability and use VRF Red to look up
reachability information for this route:
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# track 2 ip route 209.165.201.0/8 reachability
switch(config-track)# vrf member Red
switch(config-track)# copy running-config startup-config
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Related Topics
Related Topics
See the following topics for information related to object tracking:
•
Chapter 13, “Configuring Layer 3 Virtualization”
•
Chapter 17, “Configuring HSRP”
Additional References
For additional information related to implementing object tracking, see the following sections:
•
Related Documents, page 19-15
Related Documents
Related Topic
Document Title
Configuring the Embedded Event Manager
Cisco Nexus 9000 Series NX-OS System Management Configuration
Guide
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Additional References
Cisco Nexus 9000 Series NX-OS Unicast Routing Configuration Guide, Release 6.x
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Configuring Object Tracking
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Key features

Track interface line protocol state
Track IP routing state
Track route reachability
Increase network availability
Shorten recovery time
Support for high availability
Support for virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) instances
Support for Embedded Event Manager (EEM)
Support for Hot Standby Redundancy Protocol (HSRP)
Support for Virtual port channel (vPC)

Frequently asked questions

You can configure Cisco NX-OS to track the line protocol or IPv4 or IPv6 routing state of an interface. To do this, use the track command in global configuration mode. For example, to track the line protocol state on Ethernet 1/2, you would use the following command: track 1 interface ethernet 1/2 line-protocol.

You can configure Cisco NX-OS to track the existence and reachability of an IP route or IPv6 route. To do this, use the track command in global configuration mode. For example, to track the reachability of an IPv4 route in the default VRF, you would use the following command: track 4 ip route 192.0.2.0/8 reachability.

You can configure an object track list that contains multiple tracked objects. A tracked list contains one or more objects. The Boolean expression enables two types of calculation by using either "and" or "or" operators. For example, when tracking two interfaces using the "and" operator, up means that both interfaces are up, and down means that either interface is down. To configure a track list with multiple objects as a Boolean "and", you would use the following commands: track 1 list boolean and object 10 object 20 not.