Sch"after+Kirchhoff SK1024U3PD Instruction manual

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SK1024U3PD

Monochrome Line Scan Camera

1024 pixels, 10 µm x 10 µm, 50 / 25 MHz pixel frequency

Instruction Manual

05.2014

USB 3.0

• Robust cable connections

• Hot-pluggable

• Perfect for movable setups

Sample Configuration

1 CCD line scan camera

SK1024U3PD mounted with

2 Mounting bracket SK5105

3 Clamping claws SK5102

4 Video (CCTV)-objectiv

1

2

3

4

Read the manual carefully before the initial start-up. For the content table refer to page 2.

The producer reserves the right to change the herein described specifications in case of technical advance of the product.

Kieler Str. 212, 22525 Hamburg, Germany • Tel: +49 40 85 39 97-0 • Fax: +49 40 85 39 97-79 • [email protected] • www.SuKHamburg.de

Contents

Contents ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

1. Introducing the SK1024U3PD Line Scan Camera with USB 3.0 Interface .................................................... 3

1.1 Intended Purpose and Overview............................................................................................................. 3

1.2 System Setup at a Glance ...................................................................................................................... 3

1.3 Computer System Requirements ............................................................................................................ 4

1.4 SK1024U3PD Line Scan Camera - Specifications ................................................................................. 4

2. Installation and Setup ...................................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Mechanical Installation: Mounting Options and Dimensions .................................................................. 5

2.2 Electrical Installation: Connections and I/O Signals ............................................................................... 6

2.3 Software Installation................................................................................................................................ 7

SK91USB3-WIN Installation

Driver Installation

SkLineScan Start-up

Initial Function Test

Camera Setup

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan ......................................................................................................... 8

3.1 Software: SkLineScan ............................................................................................................................. 8

Function Overview: SkLineScan Toolbar

Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output

3.2 Adjustments for Optimum Scan Results ............................................................................................... 10

Lens Focussing

Sensor Alignment

Gain/Offset Control Dialog

Shading Correction

Integration Time

Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity

4. Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions .................................................................................................. 16

4.1 Camera Control by Commands ............................................................................................................ 16

Set Commands

Request Commands

4.2 Advanced Synchronization Control ...................................................................................................... 18

Advanced Trigger Functions and Sync Control Register Settings

Example Timing Diagrams of Advanced Synchronization Control

5. Sensor Information ......................................................................................................................................... 20

Pin Functional Description

Block Diagram

Typical Performance Data and Sensor Specifications

Glossary .................................................................................................................................................................... 22

CE-Conformity .......................................................................................................................................................... 23

Warranty .................................................................................................................................................................... 23

Accessories and Spare Parts ................................................................................................................................... 24

Page 2

1. Introducing the SK1024U3PD Line Scan Camera with USB 3.0 Interface

1. Introducing the SK1024U3PD Line Scan Camera with USB 3.0 Interface

1.1 Intended Purpose and Overview

The SK line scan camera series is designed for both wide range of vision and inspection applications in industrial and scientific environments. The SK1024U3PD is ideally suited for portability. The robustly attached dedicated connections enable external synchronization of the camera and the output of data to the USB 3.0 port of the computer, which also supplies power to the camera.

The USB 3.0 connection means that the camera is hot-pluggable and, with the highly robust connection, provides the greatest degree of flexibility and mobility.

The computer does not require a grabber board, allowing a laptop to be used when space or weight restrictions are also at a premium.

Once the camera driver and the SkLineScan ® program have been loaded from the SK91USB3-WIN CD then the camera can be parameterized. Parameters such as integration time, synchronization mode or shading correction are permanently stored in the camera even after a power down or disconnection from the PC.

The oscilloscope display in the SkLineScan ® program can be used to adjust the focus and aperture settings, for evaluating field flattening of the lens and for orientation

of the illumination and the sensor, see 3.1

Software: SkLineScan, p. 8 .

1.2 System Setup at a Glance red: SK1024U3PD scope of delivery blue: accessories for minimum system configuration black: optional accessories

For accessory order details see

Accessories and Spare

Parts, p. 24 .

USB cable

Synchronization cable

Computer

Line scan camera

Clamping claw

Mounting bracket

Optics (e. g. lens , focus adapter, tube extension ring)

Schäfter + Kirchhoff

USB 3.0 camera driver

Schäfter + Kirchhoff

Software Development Kit

Schäfter + Kirchhoff

VI library for LabVIEW ®

Motion unit with encoder

Page 3

1. Introducing the Line Scan Camera with USB 3.0 Interface

1.3 Computer System Requirements

• Intel Pentium Dual Core or AMD equivalent

• RAM min. 4 GB, depending on size of acquired images

• USB 3.0 interface. With a USB 2.0 interface the camera can be used at reduced line frequency.

• High-performance video card, PCIe bus

• Operating System Windows 7 (64- or 32-bit), Windows XP (Service Pack 3)

• Compact disk drive for software installation.

1.4 SK1024U3PD Line Scan Camera - Specifications

Sensor category

Sensor type

Pixel number

Pixel size (width x height)

Pixel spacing

Active sensor length

Anti-blooming

Integration control

Shading correction

Line synchronization modes

Frame synchronization

Pixel frequency

Maximum line frequency

Integration time

Dynamic range

Spectral range

Video signal

Interface

Voltage

Power consumption

Casing

Objective mount

Flange focal length

Weight

Operating temperature

CCD Monochrome Sensor

IL-P1-1024

1024

10 x 10 µm 2

10 µm

10.24 mm x x x

Line Sync, Line Start, Exposure Start, Exposure Active x

50 / 25 MHz

45 kHz *

0.01 ... 20 ms

1:2500 (rms)

400 ... 1000 nm monochrome 8/12 Bit digital *

USB 3.0 *

USB (550 mA) *

2.8 W *

ø65 x 59.9 mm (Case type AT1)

C-Mount

17.54 mm

0.2 kg

+5 ... +45°C

* This camera is not USB 2.0 compatible. For operation with an USB 2.0 interface request for a factory-preset pixel frequency limitation to 20 MHz. This will reduce the data transfer rate as well as the power consumption to the USB 2.0 specifications.

Page 4

2. Installation and Setup

2. Installation and Setup

2.1 Mechanical Installation: Mounting Options and Dimensions

Mounting Options

• The best fixing point of the camera is the seat for the mounting bracket SK5105, which is available as an accessory.

• Four threaded holes M3 x 6.5 mm provide further options for customized brackets.

• The length and weight of the optics might be beyond the capability of the standard mounting bracket

SK5105. For this purpose, a second mounting bracket type SK5105-2 to hold the tube extension ring(s) is more appropriate.

Optics Handling

• If the camera and the optics are ordered as a kit, the components are pre-assembled and shipped as one unit. Keep the protective cap on the lens until the mechanical installation is finished.

• If you have to handle with open sensor or lens surfaces, make sure the environment is as dust free as possible.

• Blow off loose particles using clean compressed air.

• The sensor and lens surfaces can be cleaned with a soft tissue moistened with water or a water-based glass cleaner.

Casing type AT1

Pixel 1

Lens mount:

Seat for bracket:

Flange focal length:

Ø65

C-Mount

C-Mount

Ø42 mm

FFL = 17.5 mm

52

2.5

6 11.1

Mounting bracket SK5105

M3 (4x) depth 6.5 mm CCD-Sensor FFL

10 10

M3 Ø3.3

66

36

Ø 42

6

3.5

16.5

50

20

70 63 40

M4 15

6.5

Ø4.3

Clamping set SK5102

Set of 4 pcs. clamping claws incl. screws

Mounting system SK5105-2 for cameras with a tube extension > 52 mm

Clamping claw

Hex socket head screw

DIN 912–M3x12

Ø 42

36

6

3.5

31.5

M4

70

25 10

Ø4.3

3.5

Page 5

2. Installation and Setup

2.2 Electrical Installation: Connections and I/O Signals

• The USB 3.0 interface provides data transfer, camera control and power supply capabilities to the SK1024U3PD line scan camera. If you want to operate the camera in Free Run (SK Mode 0) trigger mode the USB 3.0 cable is the only connection you have to make.

• For any kind of synchronized operation, the external trigger signal(s) have to be wired to socket 2 . A frame synchronization signal and two separate line synchronization signals can be handled. The various trigger modes are described in section

Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity, p. 14

All Schäfter + Kirchhoff USB 3.0 line scan cameras can be operated with a USB 2.0 interface. Note that there might be limitations in terms of the maximum data transfer rate and the power supply. The details for your camera can be

found in section 1.4 Line Scan Camera - Specifications, p. 4

2

3

1

7

6

12

5

11

4

8

10

9 1

3

2

1

2

Data and power

USB 3.0 socket type µB with threaded holes for locking screws

Synchronization

Socket: Hirose series 10A, male 6-pin

4

5

6

3

1

2

Pin

1

2

3

Signal

Line Sync B

NC

Frame Sync

Pin

4

5

6

Signal

NC

Line Sync A

GND

Line Sync A/B and Frame Sync: TTL levels

3

Status indicator

off no power, check the USB link for a fault.

red power on

green power on, firmware is loaded, camera is ready

USB 3.0 cable SK9020.x

For connecting socket 1 with the PC or USB hub.

Cable length:

3.0 m SK9020.3 (standard)

5.0 m SK9020.5

External synchronization cable SK9026.x

Use this cable to feed external synchronization signals into socket 2 .

Connectors:

Hirose plug HR10A, female 6 pin (camera side)

Phoenix 6 pin connector incl. terminal block

Cable length:

3.0 m SK9026.3

5.0 m SK9026.5

Page 6

2. Installation and Setup

2.3 Software Installation

• The PC hardware requirements are listed in section 1.3 Computer System Requirements, p. 4

• See section

2.2 Electrical Installation: Connections and I/O Signals, p. 6 . prior to software installation.

• This section focusses on driver installation and initial operation of the camera. For a comprehensive description of the software package, see the separate SK91USB3-WIN software manual .

SK91USB3-WIN Installation

1. Power on the PC and insert the SK91USB3-WIN

CD to the disk drive.

2. The autostart function will launch the setup program automatically. If it is deactivated, start the setup.exe in the root folder of the CD manually.

3. Follow the display instructions and finish the installation of the software package SK91USB3-WIN.

a few seconds. Then reconnect the camera and start

SkLineScan once again.

• The start-up dialog also indicates the active USB standard. The optimum performance is provided by

USB 3.0.

• The camera LED should now light up green.

Driver Installation

Initial Function Test

• Quit the SkLineScan startup dialog box.

• Select "OK" in the SkLineScan start-up dialog.

The oscilloscope display showing the current brightness versus the pixel number indicates the correct installation.

1. Connect the camera to a USB 3.0 connector of the

PC. The camera status indicator (LED) will indicate the correct power supply for the camera with a red light. No red light means there is a USB interface failure, e.g. a faulty connector or cable.

2. The Windows operating system will detect a new

USB device and the Hardware Assistant will guide you through the installation process.

3. Advise the Hardware Assistant to look for the best driver on the local PC.

4. Navigate to the folder \Program Files (x86)\SK\

SK91USB3-WIN\Driver.

5. For a 64 bit operating system click on the subfolder

"x64", for a 32 bit system click on "x86".

6. Carry on with automatic driver installation. Ignore missing driver signature.

(

Line scan in oscilloscope display

(brightness vs. pixel number)

Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output, p. 9

Camera Setup

)

SkLineScan Start-up

• Start SkLineScan. A start-up dialog box pops up and displays the connected cameras that have been automatically detected.

SkLineScan start-up dialog

• Ensure the displayed camera type is identical with the connected line scan camera. If necessary shut down the program, disconnect the camera and wait

SkLineScan setup dialog

For changing bit depth or pixel frequency the Setup dialog must be started from the star-up dialog by pressing the

Setup button.

The default setting for the pixel frequency is the maximum value. The lower value is perferable e.g. when in USB 2.0 mode. In case of USB 2.0 mode 8 bit bit depth is recommended. The USB 2.0 mode can be caused by connecting the camera in a USB 2.0 connector or from an unsuitable cable.

Page 7

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

3.1 Software: SkLineScan

Start the SkLineScan program.

• The most common functions of the line scan camera can be controlled by dialog boxes.

• Commands for comprehensive camera functionality can be entered in the "Camera Gain / Offset Control" dialog.

• For a guide on how to carry out imaging and how to work with the obtained data with the Schäfter +

Kirchhoff software package, see the SK91USB3-WIN software manual .

• If the SK1024U3PD camera is identified correctly confirm with "OK". The "Signal window" graphicaly showing the intensity signals of the sensor pixels

(oscilloscope display) will open. It is responsive in real-time, and the zoom function can be used to highlight an area of interest. The oscilloscope display is ideally suited for parameterizing the camera, for evaluating object illumination, for focussing the image

or for aligning the line scan camera correctly.  Basic

Visualization of the Sensor Output, p. 9

SkLineScan: About dialog

The SkLineScan program recog nizes the connected line scan cameras automatically.

Function Overview: SkLineScan Toolbar

1 3 4 5 6 7

SkLineScan: Toolbar

8 9 10

1 New line scan. All open "Signal window" windows will be closed. [F2]

3 "USB Camera Control" dialog for parameter settings: integration time, line frequency, synchronization mode, thresholding

4 5 6 7 Zooming in and out, separately for x- and y-achsis - applicable in "Signal window".

In "Area Scan" view only

4

and

5

are available and will scale both axis proportionally.

8 New line scan. "Area Scan" windows will be closed, "Signal window" windows will remain open. [F2]

9

10

"Shading Correction" dialog to adjust the white balance [Alt + s]

"Gain/Offset Control" dialog, also commands input [Shif+F4]

For additional functions see the SK91USB3-WIN software manual .

Page 8

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

Basic Visualization of the Sensor Output

Signal Window / Oscilloscope Display

The signal window plots the digitalized brightness profile as signal intensity (y-axis) versus the sensor length (x-axis) at a high refresh rate. The scaling of the y-axis depends on the resolution of the A/D converter: The scale range is from 0 to 255 for 8-bits and from 0 to 4095 for 12-bits. The scaling of the x-axis corresponds with the number of pixels in the line sensor.

11

Line scan in oscilloscope display (brightness vs. pixel number)

Zoom Function 4 5 6 7

For high numbers of sensor pixels, the limited number of display pixels might be out of range, in which case the zoom function can be used to visualize the brightness profile in detail. Magnification of one or several sections of the signal allows individual pixels to be resolved for a detailed evaluation of the line scan signal.

Window Split Function 11

The signal window can be split horizontally into two sections. Use the split handle at the top of the vertical scroll bar and afterwards arrange the frames with the zoom buttons in the toolbar.

Split signal window. The upper frame shows a magnified section of the lower frame.

Page 9

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

3.2 Adjustments for Optimum Scan Results

Prior to a scan, the following adjustments and parameter settings should be considered for optimum scan signals:

• Lens focussing

• Sensor alignment

• Gain/Offset

• Shading correction

• Integration time

• Synchronization of the sensor exposure and the object surface velocity, trigger mode options

Start with the signal window / oscilloscope display. Any changes in the optical system or camera parameters are displayed in real-time when using an open dialog box.

Lens Focussing

To focus a line scan camera, the variations in edge steepness at dark/bright transitions and the modulation of the line scan signal are desisive.

• Adjust the focus using a fully opened aperture to restrict the depth of field and to amplify the effects of focus adjustments.

• A fully open aperture might cause a too high a signal amplitude, in which case the integration time should be

shortened, as described in Integration Time, p. 13

.

Out of focus: edges are indistinct, signal peaks blurred with low density modulation

Optimum focus: dark-bright transitions are sharp edged, highly modulated signal peaks with high frequency density variations

Page 10

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

Sensor Alignment

If you are operating with a linear illumination source, check the alignment of the illumination source and the sensor prior to a shading correction, as rotating the line sensor results in asymmetric vignetting.

Sensor and optics rotated in apposition Sensor and optics aligned

Gain/Offset Control Dialog

Cameras are shipped prealigned with gain/offset factory settings. Open the "Gain/Offset Control" dialog [Shift+F4] to re-adjust or customize settings.

Gain/Offset Control dialog

The gain/offset dialog contains up to 6 sliders for altering gain and offset. The number of active sliders depends on the individual number of adjustable gain/offset channels of the camera.

The 'Camera Control' frame on the right is used for commands and advanced software functions. (

4.1 Camera

Control by Commands, p. 16 )

Adjustment principle

1. Offset

To adjust the zero baseline of the video signal, totally block the incident light and enter "00" (volts) for channel 1.

2. Gain

Illuminate the sensor with a slight overexposure in order to identify the maximum clipping. Use the Gain slider "1" to adjust the maximum output voltage.

For a two- or multi-channel sensor minimize any differences between the channels by adjusting the other Offset sliders.

A slight signal noise should be visible in the zero baseline.

For a two- or multi-channel sensor minimize any differences between the channels by adjusting the other Gain sliders.

For the full 8-bit resolution of the camera, the maximum output voltage is set to 255 and for 12-bit is set to 4095.

2. Adjust channel 1 gain and minimize difference between channels using Gain slider

1. Adjust channel 1 zero level and minimize difference between channels using Offset slider

Offset and gain adjustment for more than one gain/offset channel

Page 11

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

Shading Correction

Shading Correction compensates for non-uniform illumination, lens vignetting as well as any differences in pixel sensitivity. The signal from a white homogeneous background is obtained and used as a reference to correct each pixel of the sensor with an individual factor, scaled up to the intensity maximum (255 at 8-bit resolution and 4095 at

12-bit) to provide a flat signal. The reference signal is stored in the Shading Correction Memory (SCM) of the camera and subsequent scans are normalized using the scale factors from this white reference.

• Open the "Shading Correction" dialog (Alt+s).

Shading Correction dialog

• Use a homogeneous white object to acquire the reference data, e.g. a white sheet of paper.

• Either take a 2-dimesional scan ("Area Scan

Function" [F3] ) or use a single line signal that was averaged over a number of single line scans.

• To suppress any influence of the surface structure, move the imaged object during the image acquisition.

• Input the scale range:

Minimum in %: intensity values lower than

“Minimum” will not be changed.

A typical appropriate value is 10% of the full intensity range, i.e. 26 (= 10% · 255) for an 8-bit intensity scale.

Maximum in %: target value for scaling

A typical appropriate value is 90% of the full intensity range. The result will be a homogeneous line at 230 (= 90% · 255) for an 8-bit intensity scale.

• Click on button New Reference

• Click on Save SCM to Flash to save the SCM reference signal in the flash memory of the camera

Once the reference signal is copied from the shading correction memory (SCM) to the camera flash memory it will persist even after a power down.

On a re-start, this data will be restored from the flash memory back to the SCM.

The current shading correction status - active or not active - is also retained on power down.

ON Activate Shading Correction with the reference signal which is stored in the SCM.

OFF Switch off Shading Correction. The Shading

Correction is not retained in camera flash memory at the next start – even if the SCM data has already been saved into the flash memory previously.

Load File to SCM A stored reference signal will be loaded in the SCM of the camera. If the load process completes then the Shading Correction is active.

After shading correction, the line scan signal has a homogeneous intensity at 255

(8 bit, Maximum 100%)

Page 12

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

Shading Correction Memories and API Functions

As an alternative to the user dialog, a new shading correction reference signal can also be created by using application programming interface (API) functions. The relationshhip between the storage locations and the related API functions are shown in the diagram below. The API functions are included in the SK91USB3-WIN software package.

See the SK91USB3-WIN manual for details.

Structure of the shading correction memories and the related API functions for memory handling

Integration Time

The range of intensity distribution of the line scan signal is affected by the illumination intensity, the aperture setting and the camera integration time. Conversely, the aperture setting influences the depth of field as well as the overall quality of the image and the perceived illumination intensity.

The line scan signal is optimum when the signal from the brightest region of the object corresponds to 95% of the maximum gain. Full use of the digitalization depth (256 at

8-bit, 4096 at 12-bit) provides an optimum signal sensitivity and avoids over-exposure (and blooming).

• Open the "USB Camera Control" dialog.

A camera signal exhibiting insufficient gain: the integration time is too short as only about 50% of the B/W gray scale is used.

Optimized gain of the camera signal after increasing the integration time, by a factor of 4, to 95% of the available scale.

SkLineScan USB Camera Control dialog

• The integration time can be set by two vertical sliders or two input fields in the section "Integration time" of this dialog. The left slider is for a corser the right for finer adjustments.

• The current line frequency is displayed in the Line

Frequency status field.

• The adjustment of the integration time in the range of

Integration Control (shutter) with an integration time shorter than the minimum exposure period does not change the line frequency. This will be held at maximum.

• The 'Default' button sets the integration time to the minimum exposure period in respective of the maximum line frequency.

• 'Reset' restores the start values.

• 'Cancel' closes the dialog without changes.

• 'OK' stores the integration time values and closes the dialog.

• For synchronization settings see

Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity, p. 14

.

Page 13

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

Synchronization of the Imaging Procedure and the Object Scan Velocity

• A two-dimensional image is generated by moving either the object or the camera. The direction of the translation movement must be orthogonal to the sensor axis of the CCD line scan camera.

• To obtain a proportional image with the correct aspect ratio, a line synchronous transport with the laterally correct pixel assignment is required. The line frequency and the constant object velocity have to be adapted to each other.

• In cases of a variable object velocity or for particular high accuracy requirements then an external synchroni-

zation is necessary. The various trigger modes are described below.

S

V = f f

CCD Sensor

Pixel #1

If the velocity of the object carrier is not adjustable then the line frequency of the camera must be adjusted to provide an image with the correct aspect ratio, where: f f =

O

·

Pixel #1

Scan Object

FOV

V

0

V

O

=

FOV =

W

P

/ ß

Example 1:

Calculating the object scan velocity for a given field of view and line frequency:

Pixel width

Line frequency

= 10 µm

= 45 kHz

V

O

=

10 µm · 45 kHz

(10.24 mm / 20 mm)

Example 2:

Calculating the line frequency for a given field of view and object scan velocity:

Pixel width = 10 µm

Object scan velocity = 800 mm/s f

800 mm/s · (10.24 mm / 20 mm)

L

10 µm

Page 14

3. Camera Control and Performing a Scan

The synchronization mode determines the timing of the line scan. Synchronization can be either performed internally or triggered by an external source, e.g. an encoder signal.

The line scan camera can be externally triggered in two different ways:

1. Line-triggered synchronization:

Each single line scan is triggered by the falling edge of a TTL signal supplied to LINE SYNC A input.

SK1024U3PD line scan camera facilitates advanced synchronization control by a second trigger

input LINE SYNC B. For a detailed description see 4.2 Advanced Synchronization Control, p. 18

2. Frame-triggered synchronization:

A set of lines resulting in a 2-dimensional frame or image is triggered by the falling edge of a TTL signal on FRAME SYNC input.

Schäfter + Kirchhoff differentiates several trigger modes identified by a number, which can be selected in the control dialog as appropriate.

• Open the 'USB Camera Control' dialog [F4] to configure the synchronization. The trigger mode settings are available in the middle frame.

• Frame- and line-triggered synchronization can be combined. Tick the 'Frame Sync' box to activate the frame synchronization mode.

• The Trigger Control stage is followed by a Trigger

Divider stage inside the camera. Enter the division ratio into the 'Divider' field.

USB Camera Control dialog

Free Run / SK Mode 0

The acquisition of each line is internally synchronized (free-running) and the next scan is started automatically on completition of the previous line scan. The line frequency is determined by the programmed value.

LineStart / SK Mode 1

Initiated by the external trigger and the currently exposed line will be read out at the next internal line clock. The start and duration of exposure are controlled internally by the camera and are not affected by the trigger. The exposure time is programmable and the trigger does not affect the integration time. The line frequency is determined by the trigger clock frequency.

Restriction: The period of the trigger signal must be longer than the exposure time.

ExposureStart / SK Mode 4

A new exposure is started exactly at the time of external triggering and the current exposure process will be interrupted. The exposure time is determined by the programmed value. The exposed line will be read out with the next external trigger. The trigger clock frequency determines the line frequency.

Restriction: The period of the trigger signal must be longer than the exposure time.

ExposureActive / SK extSOS (Mode 5)

The exposure time and the line frequency are controlled by the external trigger signal. This affects both the start of a new exposure (start-of-scan pulse, SOS) and the reading out of the previously exposed line.

FrameTrigger / SK FrameSync

The frame trigger synchronizes the acquisition of a 2D area scan. The individual line scans in this area scan can be synchronized in any of the available line trigger modes.

The camera suppresses the data transfer until a falling edge of a TTL signal occurs at the FRAME SYNC input.

The number of lines that defines the size of the frame must be programmed in advance.

FRAME SYNC

LINE SYNC

Video

Video Valid

Data transmission

Combined frame and line synchronization

Page 15

4. Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions

4. Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions

4.1 Camera Control by Commands

In addition to user dialog inputs, the SkLineScan software also provides the option to adjust any camera settings, such as gain, offset, trigger modes, by sending control commands directly.

Similarly, current parameters, as well as specific product information, can be read from the camera using the request commands. All set and request commands are listed in the tables below.

• The commands are entered in the 'Input' field in the 'Camera Control' section of the "Camera Gain/Offset

Control" user dialog, [Shift+F4].

• In the 'Output' field either the acknowledgement of the set commands (0 = OK, 1 = not OK) or the return values of the request commands are output.

The parameter settings are stored in the non-volatile flash memory of the camera and, thereby, are available for subsequent use and a rapid start-up, even after a complete shut down or loss of power.

Gain/Offset Control dialog: Camera Control input and output in the right section

Page 16

4. Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions

Set Commands Request Commands

Oppp<CR>

Pppp<CR>

F8<CR>

F12<CR>

M0<CR>

M1<CR>

M2<CR>

M4<CR>

M5<CR>

Mx+8

Mx+16

C25<CR>

C50<CR>

T0<CR>

T1<CR>

T2<CR>

T3<CR>

T4<CR>

T5<CR>

T6<CR>

T7<CR>

T8<CR>

Set Operation Description

Goooo<CR>

Boooo<CR> even gain setting (channel A) 0-24 dB odd gain setting (channel B) 0-24 dB even offset setting (channel A) odd offset setting (channel B) output format: 8 bit video data output format: 12 bit video data camera clock: 25 MHz data rate camera clock: 50 MHz data rate test pattern off / SCM off test pattern on (turns off with power off) shading correction on auto program shading correction /

SCM on copy flash memory 1 to SCM save SCM to flash memory 1 video out = SCM data copy flash memory 2 to SCM save SCM to flash memory 2 line trigger mode0: internal all lines line trigger mode1: extern trigger, next line line trigger mode0: internal all lines and set max line rate line trigger mode4: extern trigger and restart line trigger mode5: extern SOS, all Lines frame trigger extern, start on falling edge frame trigger extern, active low

Axxxx<CR>

Dxxxx<CR>

Eyyyyy<CR>

Nyyyyy<CR>

Wyyyyy<CR>

Xyyyyy<CR>

Vyyyyy<CR>

Yppp<CR>

SCM address (xxxx = 0-1023)

SCM data (xxxx = 0-4095) and increment

SCM address frames / multiframe (yyyyy = 0-32767) lines / frame (yyyyy = 1-32767) line clock frequency

(yyyyy = 50-43478 Hz) exposure time (yyyyy = 10-20000) (µs) extern sync divider (yyyyy = 1-32767) set sync control

Acknowledgement for all set commands:

0 = OK, 1 = not OK

I1<CR> VCC: yyyyy

I2<CR> VDD: yyyyy

I3<CR> moo: yyyyy

I4<CR> CLo: yyyyy

I5<CR> CHi: yyyyy

I6<CR> Ga1: yyyyy

I7<CR> Ga2: yyyyy

I8<CR> Of1: yyyyy

I9<CR> Of2: yyyyy

I19<CR> Tab: yyyyy

I20<CR> CLK: yyyyy

I21<CR> ODF: yyyyy

I22<CR> TRM: yyyyy

I23<CR> SCO: yyyyy

I24<CR> Exp: yyyyy

I25<CR> miX: yyyyy

I26<CR> LCK: yyyyy

I27<CR> maZ: yyyyy

I28<CR> TSc: yyyyy

I29<CR> SyC: yyyyy

I30<CR> Lin: yyyyy

Request Return Description

K<CR> SK1024U3PD returns SK type number

R<CR> Rev1.08 returns revision number

S<CR> SNr00163

I<CR> SK1024U3PD

Rev1.08

SNr00163 returns serial number camera identification readout returns VCC (1=10mV) returns VDD (1=10mV) returns mode of operation returns camera clock low frequency (MHz) returns camera clock high frequency (MHz) returns gain 1 (channel A) returns gain 2 (channel B) returns offset 1 (channel A) returns offset 2 (channel B) returns video channels returns selected clock frequency (MHz) returns selected output data format returns selected trigger mode returns shading correction on/off returns exposure time (µs) returns minimum exposure time (µs) returns line frequency (Hz) returns maximum line frequency (Hz) returns sync divider returns sync control returns lines/frame

Range of values: oooo = 0 ... 1023

ppp = 0 ... 255

xxxx = 4 digits integer value as ASCII

yyyyy = 5 digits integer value as ASCII

SCM:

SOS:

Shading Correction Memory

Start of Scan

Page 17

4. Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions

4.2 Advanced Synchronization Control

The basic synchronization function makes use of the trigger input LINE SYNC A. The trigger mode is determined by the settings in the "Camera Control" dialog, e.g. LineStart (1) or ExposureStart (4).

Advanced trigger functions are provided by combining LINE SYNC A with a second trigger input LINE SYNC B. The operation mode is controlled by the entries in the Sync Control Register (SCR).

Use control commands to write to or to read from the Sync

Control Register:

Example:

Yppp<CR> set sync control with ppp = 0...255 (decimal)

Return value: 0 = OK; 1 = not OK

Y232

ppp = 232(dec) = 11101000(bin) new SCR value: 11101000  E

I29<CR> return sync control

Return value: SyC:yyyyy (5-digits integer value as ASCII)

Advanced Trigger Functions and Sync Control Register Settings

• Basic synchronization function, 'Camera Control' dialog settings are valid  A

B , C , D , E

• Trigger pulses are valid only in one direction, trigger pulses in the other direction are ignored  B

• Trigger on 4 edges  D , E

• Suppression of machine-encoded jitter, programmable hysteresis for trigger control  E

Sync Control Register (SCR) default pixel #1 data = external trigger input states pixel #1 data = Linecounter (8 bit) pixel #1, #2 data = ext. trigger states (3 bit) + line counter (13 bit)

ExSOS and Sync at LINE SYNC A (Mode5)

ExSOS at LINE SYNC B,

Sync at LINE SYNC A (Mode5)

Jitter Hysterese off

Jitter Hysterese 4

Jitter Hysterese 16

Jitter Hysterese 64

Sync 1x Enable

Sync 4x Enable

Sync up Enable / down disable

Sync up/down Enable

Sync Control Disable

Sync Control Enable

For diagnostic purposes, the present state of external trigger inputs (LINE SYNC A, LINE

SYNC B, FRAME SYNC) or the internal line counter can be output instead of pixel #1 and/or pixel #2 data.

SCR

xxxxxx00

xxxxxx01

xxxxxx10

xxxxxx11

SyC7 SyC6 SyC5 SyC4 SyC3 SyC2 SyC1 SyC0 x x x x x x 0 0 x x x x x x 0 1 x x x x x x x x x x x x

1

1

0

1 x x x x x x x x x x

0

1 x x x x x x x x x x x x

0

1

128 x x x x x x

0

1 x x

64 x x x x

0

1 x x x x

32

Pixel #1 Data (lowByte) intensity

D7 = FRAME SYNC

D6 = LINE SYNC A

D5 = LINE SYNC B

D4 ... D0 = 0 internal line counter (8 bit)

D7 = FRAME SYNC

D6 = LINE SYNC A

D5 = LINE SYNC B

D4 ... D0 = line counter (bit 12 ... 8)

1 x x x

0

0

1 x x x

16

1 x x x

0

1

0 x

8 x x x x x x x x x x

4 x x

Pixel #2 Data (lowByte) intensity x x x x x x x x

2 x x intensity intensity internal line counter (bit 7 ... 0) x x x x x x x x

1 x x

Page 18

4. Advanced SkLineScan Software Functions

Example Timing Diagrams of Advanced Synchronization Control

Annotations:

SyncA

SyncB

Count

Trigger

= LINE SYNC A (external line synchronization input, I/O connector)

= LINE SYNC B (external line synchronization input, I/O connector)

= internal counter

= Generated trigger pulses from the Trigger Control stage. The signal goes to the Trigger

Divider stage inside the camera. For setting the divider use the Vyyyyy<CR> command or the

'Divider' input field in the USB Camera Control dialog, p. 15

.

1) direction changed

2) glitch

A • Trigger on falling edge

of SyncA

• SyncB without function

• direction detection = off

• hysteresis = 0

Sync Control Register:

'00000xxx'b

B • Trigger on falling edge

of SyncA

• SyncB = low active

• direction detection = on

• hysteresis = 0

Sync Control Register:

'10000xxx'b

C • Trigger on falling edge

of SyncA

• SyncB = low/high active

• direction detection = on

• hysteresis = 0

Sync Control Register:

'11000xxx'b

D • Trigger on 4 edges

of SyncA and SyncB

• direction detection = on

• hysteresis = 0

Sync Control Register:

'11100xxx'b

1)

1)

1)

1)

E • Trigger on 4 edges

of SyncA and SyncB

• direction detection = on

• hysteresis = 4

Sync Control Register:

'11101xxx'b

1)

2) machine holdup oscillation

1) 1)

Page 19

5. Sensor Information

5. Sensor Information

Manufacturer: DALSA Corp.

Type: IL-P1-1024

Data source: DALSA Line Scan Sensors, Document 03-036-00134-05

Pin Functional Description

Block Diagram

Page 20

5. Sensor Information

Typical Performance Data and Sensor Specifications

Page 21

Glossary

Exposure period is the illumination cycle of a line scan sensor. It is the  integration time plus the additional time to complete the read-out of the accumulated charges and the output procedure. While the charges from a finished line scan are being read out, the next line scan is being exposed.

The exposure period is a function of the pixel number and the  pixel frequency . The minimum exposure period of a particular line scan camera determines the maximum

 line frequency that is declared in the specifications.

Shading correction

Shading Correction, p. 17

SCM

Shading Correction Memory,  Shading Correction, p.

17

SOS

Start of scan, 

4.2 Advanced Synchronization

Control, p. 18

Integration control

Cameras with integration control are capable of curtailing the  integration time within an  exposure period . This performs an action equivalent to a shutter mechanism.

SkLineScan is the software application by Schäfter + Kirchhoff to control the line scan cameras,  3.1 Software:

SkLineScan, p. 13

Integration time

The light-sensitive elements of the photoelectric sensor accumulate the charge that is generated by the incident light. The duration of this charge accumulation is called the integration time. Longer integration times increase the intensity of the line scan signal, assuming constant illumination conditions. The complete read-out of accumulated charges and output procedure determines the minimum  exposure period .

Synchronization

To obtain a proportional image with the correct aspect ratio, a line synchronous transport with the laterally correct pixel assignment is required. The  Line frequency and a constant object velocity have to be compatible with each other.

For more accurate requirements or with a variable object velocity then external synchronization is necessary.

Line frequency, line scan frequency is the reciprocal value of the  exposure period. The maximum line frequency is a key criterion for line scan sensors.

Optical resolution

Two elements of a line scan camera determine the optical resolution of the system: first, the pixel configuration of the line sensor and, secondly, the optical resolution of the lens. The worst value is the determining value. In a phased set-up, both are within the same range.

The optical resolution of the line sensor is primarily determined by the number of pixels and secondarily by their size and spacing, the inter-pixel distance. Currently available line scan cameras have up to 12 000 pixels, ranging from 4 to 14 µm in size and spacing, for sensors up to 56 mm in length and line scan frequencies up to

83 kHz.

During a scanning run, the effective resolution perpendicular to the sensor orientation is determined by the velocity of the scan and by the  line frequency

Pixel frequency

The pixel frequency for an individual sensor is the rate of charge transfer from pixel to pixel and its ultimate conversion into a signal.

Page 22

CE-Conformity

The product complies with the following standards:

Warranty

This manual has been prepared and reviewed as carefully as possible but no warranty is given or implied for any errors of fact or in interpretation that may arise. If an error is suspected then the reader is kindly requested to inform us for appropriate action.

The circuits, descriptions and tables may be subject to and are not meant to infringe upon the rights of a third party and are provided for informational purposes only.

The technical descriptions are general in nature and apply only to an assembly group. A particular feature set, as well as its suitability for a particular purpose, is not guaranteed.

Saftey regulations: EN 61010-1:2001

The product accomplishes the requirements of the EMC

Directive 2004/108/EG and of the Low Voltage Directive

2006/95/EG.

Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH

Kieler Straße 212

22525 Hamburg

Germany

Tel.

Fax

Internet

Email

+49 40 853 997-0

+49 40 853 997-10 [email protected]

www.SuKHamburg.de

Each product is subject to a quality process. If a failure should occur then please contact the supplier or

Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH immediately. The warranty period covers the 24 months from the delivery date. After the warranty has expired, the manufacturer guarantees an additional 6 months warranty for all repaired or substituted product components. Warranty does not apply to any damage resulting from misuse, inappropriate modification or neglect. The warranty also expires if the product is opened. The manufacturer is not liable for consequential damage. If a failure occurs during the warranty period then the product will be replaced, calibrated or repaired without further charge. Freight costs will be paid by the sender. The manufacturer reserves the right to exchange components of the product instead of repair.

If the failure results from misuse or neglect then the user has to pay for the repair. A cost estimate can be provided beforehand.

© 2014 Schäfter + Kirchhoff GmbH

Page 23

Accessories and Spare Parts

Mounting bracket

SK5105 Order Code

Warp-resistant construction for mounting the line scan camera

Clamp set

SK5102 Order Code to lock the line scan camera in a desired position

(set of 4)

Mounting console

SK5105-2 Order Code for indirect mounting of the line scan camera via the extension tube, suitable for an extension tube larger than

50 mm, for example with a macro lens.

USB 3.0 cable SK9020.3

Camera connector: USB 3.0 plug, type micro-B, with safety lock screws

PC connector: USB 3.0 plug, type A (also fits into a USB

2.0 type A socket)

SK9030.3 Order Code

3 = 3 m cable length (standard)

5 = 5 m cable length

External synchronization cable SK9026...

applicable when no power supply in addition to the USB interface is required. Shielded cable with Hirose plug

HR10A, female 6 pin, (camera side) and Phoenix 6 pin connector incl. terminal block.

SK9026.x Order Code

3 = 3 m cable length

5 = 5 m cable length

Software

SK91USB3-WIN Order Code

SkLineScan operating program with oscilloscope display and scan function for setting camera parameters via USB

Operating systems:

Windows 7 (x64 and x86), Windows XP (SP3)

SK91USB3-LV Order Code

VI library for LabVIEW

Lenses:

• high resolution enlarging and macro lenses

• high speed photo lenses

• lenses with additional blocking bridge for locking of focus and aperture setting

Adapter:

Lens adapter AOC-...

• for fitting photo lenses onto the CCD line scan camera

Focus adapter FA22-...

• for fitting enlarging or macro lenses

Kieler Str. 212, 22525 Hamburg, Germany • Tel: +49 40 85 39 97-0 • Fax: +49 40 85 39 97-79 • [email protected] • www.SuKHamburg.de

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