ZyXEL Communications PRESTIGE 650HW User`s guide

Prestige 650HW
ADSL Router
User's Guide
Version 3.40
July 2002
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software
described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.
ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This
publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc.
Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be
properties of their respective owners.
ii
Copyright
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) Interference Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
•
This device may not cause harmful interference.
•
This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operations.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:
1.
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
3.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
4.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Notice 1
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
Certifications
Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com.
FCC Statement
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials
or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and
upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or
materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without
charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or
components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured
functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty
shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected
to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect
or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material
Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit
be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated
warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts
and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address,
Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary
from country to country.
Safety Warnings
1. To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telephone wire.
2. Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
3. Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from
lightening.
iv
ZyXEL Warranty
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Customer Support
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.
•
•
•
•
•
Product model and serial number.
Information in Menu 24.2.1 – System Information.
Warranty Information.
Date that you received your device.
Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
METHOD
E-MAIL
SUPPORT/SALES
TELEPHONE/FAX
WEB SITE/ FTP SITE
REGULAR MAIL
LOCATION
WORLDWIDE
[email protected]
+886-3-578-3942
www.zyxel.com
www.europe.zyxel.com
NORTH
AMERICA
SCANDINAVIA
GERMANY
MALAYSIA
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II, ScienceBased Industrial Park, Hsinchu
300, Taiwan.
[email protected]
+886-3-578-2439
ftp.europe.zyxel.com
[email protected]
+1-714-632-0882
800-255-4101
www.zyxel.com
[email protected]
+1-714-632-0858
ftp.zyxel.com
[email protected]
+45-3955-0700
www.zyxel.dk
[email protected]
+45-3955-0707
ftp.zyxel.dk
[email protected]
+49-2405-6909-0
www.zyxel.de
[email protected]
+49-2405-6909-99
ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
Adenauerstr. 20/A4 D-52146
Wuerselen, Germany
[email protected]
+603-795-44-688
www.zyxel.com.my
[email protected]
+603-795-34-407
Lot B2-06, PJ Industrial Park,
Section 13, Jalan Kemajuan,
46200 Petaling Jaya Selangor
Darul Ehasn, Malaysia
Customer Support
ZyXEL Communications Inc.,
1650 Miraloma Avenue,
Placentia, CA 92870, U.S.A.
ZyXEL Communications A/S,
Columbusvej 5, 2860 Soeborg,
Denmark.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Copyright......................................................................................................................................................... ii
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement.....................................................iii
ZyXEL Limited Warranty ............................................................................................................................ iv
Customer Support........................................................................................................................................... v
List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................ xi
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................ xiv
Preface .......................................................................................................................................................... xvi
What is DSL? .............................................................................................................................................xviii
GETTING STARTED .....................................................................................................................................I
Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your Prestige ................................................................................................1-1
1.1
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router.................................................................................................1-1
1.2
Features of the Prestige.............................................................................................................1-1
1.3
Applications for the Prestige.....................................................................................................1-6
1.3.1
Internet Access..................................................................................................................1-6
1.3.2
LAN to LAN Application .................................................................................................1-7
Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Initial Setup..................................................................................2-1
2.1
Front Panel LEDs of the PP650H .............................................................................................2-1
2.2
Rear Panel and Connections of the Prestige .............................................................................2-2
2.2.1
DSL Port ...........................................................................................................................2-3
2.2.2
Four LAN 10/100M Ports .................................................................................................2-3
2.2.3
PCMCIA Wireless Card Slot ............................................................................................2-4
2.2.4
Power Port.........................................................................................................................2-4
2.2.5
Restore Factory Defaults/Reboot Button ..........................................................................2-4
2.3
Additional Installation Requirements .......................................................................................2-4
2.4
P650HW with POTS.................................................................................................................2-4
2.4.1
Connecting a POTS Splitter..............................................................................................2-5
2.4.2
Telephone Microfilters......................................................................................................2-5
2.5
P650HW With ISDN ................................................................................................................2-6
2.6
Turning On Your Prestige.........................................................................................................2-7
2.7
Configuring Your Prestige For Internet Access........................................................................2-7
2.7.1
Connect to your Prestige Using Telnet .............................................................................2-7
2.7.2
Connect to your Prestige Using the Web Configurator.....................................................2-7
2.7.3
Entering Password ............................................................................................................2-7
2.8
Resetting the Prestige................................................................................................................2-8
2.8.1
Methods of Restoring Factory-Defaults............................................................................2-8
2.8.2
Prestige SMT Menu Overview .........................................................................................2-8
2.9
Navigating the SMT Interface.................................................................................................2-10
2.9.1
System Management Terminal Interface Summary........................................................2-11
2.10 Changing the System Password ..............................................................................................2-12
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2.11 General Setup ......................................................................................................................... 2-12
2.11.1 Dynamic DNS ................................................................................................................ 2-13
2.11.2 Procedure To Configure Menu 1.................................................................................... 2-13
2.11.3 Procedure to Configure Dynamic DNS.......................................................................... 2-14
2.12 LAN Setup ............................................................................................................................. 2-15
2.12.1 General Ethernet Setup................................................................................................... 2-16
2.13 Protocol Dependent Ethernet Setup ....................................................................................... 2-16
Chapter 3 Internet Access ...........................................................................................................................3-1
3.1
Factory Ethernet Defaults......................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2
LANs and WANs ..................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2.1
LANs, WANs and the Prestige......................................................................................... 3-1
3.3
TCP/IP Parameters ................................................................................................................... 3-2
3.3.1
IP Address and Subnet Mask............................................................................................ 3-2
3.3.2
Private IP Addresses......................................................................................................... 3-3
3.3.3
RIP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 3-3
3.3.4
DHCP Configuration........................................................................................................ 3-4
3.4
IP Multicast .............................................................................................................................. 3-5
3.5
IP Policies ................................................................................................................................ 3-5
3.6
IP Alias..................................................................................................................................... 3-5
3.6.1
IP Alias Setup................................................................................................................... 3-6
3.7
Route IP Setup.......................................................................................................................... 3-8
3.8
TCP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP........................................................................................... 3-8
3.9
Wireless LAN......................................................................................................................... 3-11
3.9.1
Wireless LAN Parameters .............................................................................................. 3-11
3.9.2
Wireless LAN Setup....................................................................................................... 3-13
3.9.3
Wireless LAN MAC Address Filter ............................................................................... 3-14
3.10 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................................................. 3-16
3.11 VPI and VCI........................................................................................................................... 3-16
3.12 Multiplexing........................................................................................................................... 3-16
3.12.1 VC-based Multiplexing .................................................................................................. 3-16
3.12.2 LLC-based Multiplexing ................................................................................................ 3-16
3.13 Encapsulation ......................................................................................................................... 3-16
3.13.1 ENET ENCAP ............................................................................................................... 3-16
3.13.2 PPP over Ethernet .......................................................................................................... 3-17
3.13.3 PPPoA ............................................................................................................................ 3-17
3.13.4 RFC 1483 ....................................................................................................................... 3-17
3.14 IP Address Assignment .......................................................................................................... 3-17
3.14.1 Using PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation.......................................................................... 3-17
3.14.2 Using RFC 1483 Encapsulation ..................................................................................... 3-17
3.14.3 Using ENET ENCAP Encapsulation.............................................................................. 3-17
3.15 Internet Access Configuration................................................................................................ 3-18
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3.15.1 Traffic Shaping ...............................................................................................................3-19
Advanced Applications .................................................................................................................................. II
Chapter 4 Remote Node Configuration .....................................................................................................4-1
4.1
Remote Node Setup ..................................................................................................................4-1
4.1.1
Remote Node Profile.........................................................................................................4-1
4.1.2
Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios .......................................................................4-2
4.1.3
Outgoing Authentication Protocol ....................................................................................4-6
4.2
Remote Node Setup ..................................................................................................................4-7
4.3
Remote Node Filter...................................................................................................................4-9
Chapter 5 Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration........................................................................................5-1
5.1
TCP/IP Configuration ...............................................................................................................5-1
5.1.1
Editing TCP/IP Options ....................................................................................................5-1
5.1.2
IP Static Route Setup ........................................................................................................5-5
Chapter 6 Bridging Setup ...........................................................................................................................6-1
6.1
Bridging in General...................................................................................................................6-1
6.2
Bridge Ethernet Setup ...............................................................................................................6-1
6.2.1
Remote Node Bridging Setup ...........................................................................................6-1
6.2.2
Bridge Static Route Setup .................................................................................................6-2
Chapter 7 Network Address Translation (NAT)........................................................................................7-1
7.1
Introduction...............................................................................................................................7-1
7.1.1
NAT Definitions ...............................................................................................................7-1
7.1.2
What NAT Does ...............................................................................................................7-2
7.1.3
How NAT Works..............................................................................................................7-2
7.1.4
NAT Application ..............................................................................................................7-3
7.1.5
NAT Mapping Types ........................................................................................................7-4
7.2
Using NAT................................................................................................................................7-6
7.2.1
SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ........................................................................7-6
7.2.2
Applying NAT ..................................................................................................................7-6
7.3
NAT Setup ................................................................................................................................7-8
7.3.1
Address Mapping Sets ......................................................................................................7-8
7.4
NAT Server Sets – Port Forwarding .......................................................................................7-14
7.4.1
Configuring a Server behind NAT..................................................................................7-15
7.5
General NAT Examples ..........................................................................................................7-18
7.5.1
Example 1: Internet Access Only....................................................................................7-18
7.5.2
Example 2: Internet Access with an Inside Server..........................................................7-19
7.5.3
Example 3: Multiple Public IP Addresses With Inside Servers ......................................7-20
7.5.4
Example 4: NAT Unfriendly Application Programs.......................................................7-25
Advanced Management................................................................................................................................III
Chapter 8 Filter Configuration...................................................................................................................8-1
8.1
About Filtering..........................................................................................................................8-1
8.2
Configuring a Filter Set ............................................................................................................8-4
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8.2.1
Filter Rules Summary Menus........................................................................................... 8-7
8.3
Configuring a Filter Rule ......................................................................................................... 8-9
8.3.1
TCP/IP Filter Rule............................................................................................................ 8-9
8.3.2
Generic Filter Rule ......................................................................................................... 8-14
8.4
Filter Types and NAT ............................................................................................................ 8-16
8.5
Example Filter........................................................................................................................ 8-16
8.6
Applying Filters and Factory Defaults ................................................................................... 8-19
8.6.1
Ethernet Traffic .............................................................................................................. 8-20
8.6.2
Remote Node Filters....................................................................................................... 8-20
Chapter 9 SNMP Configuration .................................................................................................................9-1
9.1
About SNMP............................................................................................................................ 9-1
9.2
Supported MIBs ....................................................................................................................... 9-2
9.3
SNMP Configuration ............................................................................................................... 9-2
9.4
SNMP Traps............................................................................................................................. 9-4
Chapter 10 System Information and Diagnosis.......................................................................................10-1
10.1 System Status ......................................................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 System Information................................................................................................................ 10-3
10.2.1 System Information ........................................................................................................ 10-4
10.3 Log and Trace ........................................................................................................................ 10-5
10.3.1 Viewing Error Log ......................................................................................................... 10-5
10.3.2 Syslog and Accounting................................................................................................... 10-6
10.4 Diagnostic .............................................................................................................................. 10-8
Chapter 11 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance..................................................................11-1
11.1 Filename Conventions............................................................................................................ 11-1
11.2 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................................ 11-2
11.2.1 Backup Configuration Using FTP.................................................................................. 11-2
11.2.2 Using the FTP command from the DOS Prompt............................................................ 11-3
11.2.3 Backup Configuration Using TFTP ............................................................................... 11-4
11.2.4 Example: TFTP Command............................................................................................. 11-5
11.3 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................................ 11-6
11.4 Uploading Firmware and Configuration Files........................................................................ 11-6
11.4.1 Firmware Upload ........................................................................................................... 11-7
11.4.2 Configuration File Upload ............................................................................................. 11-7
11.4.3 Using the FTP command from the DOS Prompt Example............................................. 11-8
11.4.4 TFTP File Upload .......................................................................................................... 11-9
11.4.5 Example: TFTP Command........................................................................................... 11-10
Chapter 12 System Maintenance and Information .................................................................................12-1
12.1 Command Interpreter Mode ................................................................................................... 12-1
12.2 Call Control Support .............................................................................................................. 12-2
12.2.1 Budget Management ...................................................................................................... 12-2
12.3 Time and Date Setting............................................................................................................ 12-4
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12.3.1 Resetting the Time ..........................................................................................................12-5
Chapter 13 IP Policy Routing ...................................................................................................................13-1
13.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................13-1
13.2 Benefits ...................................................................................................................................13-1
13.3 Routing Policy ........................................................................................................................13-1
13.4 IP Routing Policy Setup..........................................................................................................13-2
13.5 Applying an IP Policy.............................................................................................................13-5
13.5.1 Ethernet IP Policies.........................................................................................................13-5
13.6 IP Policy Routing Example.....................................................................................................13-8
Chapter 14 Call Scheduling ......................................................................................................................14-1
14.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................14-1
Chapter 15 Remote Management.............................................................................................................15-1
15.1 Telnet ......................................................................................................................................15-1
15.2 FTP .........................................................................................................................................15-1
15.3 Web.........................................................................................................................................15-1
15.4 Remote Management ..............................................................................................................15-1
15.4.1 Remote Management Setup ............................................................................................15-2
15.4.2 Remote Management Limitations ...................................................................................15-3
15.5 Remote Management and NAT ..............................................................................................15-3
15.6 System Timeout ......................................................................................................................15-4
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................IV
Chapter 16 Troubleshooting......................................................................................................................16-1
16.1 Problems Starting Up the Prestige ..........................................................................................16-1
16.2 Problems with the LAN Interface ...........................................................................................16-1
16.3 Problems with the WAN Interface..........................................................................................16-2
16.4 Problems with Internet Access................................................................................................16-2
16.5 Problems with the Password ...................................................................................................16-3
16.6 Problems with Telnet ..............................................................................................................16-3
Appendix A Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11............................................................................................... A
Appendix B PPPoE ........................................................................................................................................ D
Appendix C Virtual Circuit Topology ...........................................................................................................F
Appendix D Power Adapter Specifications.................................................................................................. G
Appendix E TCP/IP ....................................................................................................................................... H
Index .............................................................................................................................................................. M
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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Internet Access Application.......................................................................................................... 1-6
Figure 1-2 LAN-to-LAN Application ............................................................................................................ 1-7
Figure 2-1 Prestige Front Panel...................................................................................................................... 2-1
Figure 2-2 Prestige Rear Panel and Connections ........................................................................................... 2-3
Figure 2-3 Connecting a POTS Splitter ......................................................................................................... 2-5
Figure 2-4 Connecting a Microfilter .............................................................................................................. 2-6
Figure 2-5 P650HW with ISDN..................................................................................................................... 2-6
Figure 2-6 Login Screen ................................................................................................................................ 2-8
Figure 2-7 Prestige SMT Menu Overview ..................................................................................................... 2-9
Figure 2-8 SMT Main Menu .........................................................................................................................2-11
Figure 2-9 Menu 23 — System Password.................................................................................................... 2-12
Figure 2-10 Menu 1 — General Setup ......................................................................................................... 2-13
Figure 2-11 Configure Dynamic DNS ......................................................................................................... 2-15
Figure 2-12 Menu 3 — LAN Setup ............................................................................................................. 2-16
Figure 2-13 Menu 3.1 — General Ethernet Setup........................................................................................ 2-16
Figure 3-1 LAN & WAN IPs ......................................................................................................................... 3-2
Figure 3-2 Physical Network ......................................................................................................................... 3-6
Figure 3-3 Partitioned Logical Networks....................................................................................................... 3-6
Figure 3-4 Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Setup........................................................................................ 3-6
Figure 3-5 Menu 3.2.1 — IP Alias Setup ....................................................................................................... 3-7
Figure 3-6 Menu 1 — General Setup ............................................................................................................. 3-8
Figure 3-7 Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup .......................................................................... 3-9
Figure 3-8 RTS Threshold............................................................................................................................ 3-12
Figure 3-9 Menu 3.5 - Wireless LAN Setup ................................................................................................ 3-13
Figure 3-10 Menu 3.5.1- WLAN MAC Address Filtering ........................................................................... 3-15
Figure 3-11 Example of Traffic Shaping...................................................................................................... 3-20
Figure 3-12 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................................................... 3-20
Figure 4-1 Menu 11 — Remote Node Setup.................................................................................................. 4-2
Figure 4-2 Menu 11.1 — Remote Node Profile ............................................................................................ 4-4
Figure 4-3 Remote Node Network Layer Options ......................................................................................... 4-7
Figure 4-4 Menu 11.5 — Remote Node Filter (RFC 1483 or ENET Encapsulation) .................................... 4-9
Figure 4-5 Menu 11.5 — Remote Node Filter (PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation)....................................... 4-10
Figure 5-1 Menu 11.6 for VC-based Multiplexing......................................................................................... 5-2
Figure 5-2 Menu 11.6 for LLC-based Multiplexing or PPP Encapsulation ................................................... 5-2
Figure 5-3 Sample IP Addresses for a TCP/IP LAN-to-LAN Connection ..................................................... 5-3
Figure 5-4 Remote Node Network Layer Options ......................................................................................... 5-4
Figure 5-5 Sample Static Routing Topology .................................................................................................. 5-6
Figure 5-6 Menu 12 — Static Route Setup .................................................................................................... 5-6
Figure 5-7 Menu 12.1 — IP Static Route Setup............................................................................................. 5-7
List of Figures
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Figure 5-8 Edit IP Static Route .......................................................................................................................5-7
Figure 6-1 Menu 11.3 — Remote Node Bridging Options.............................................................................6-2
Figure 6-2 Menu 12.3.1 — Edit Bridge Static Route .....................................................................................6-3
Figure 7-1 How NAT Works...........................................................................................................................7-3
Figure 7-2 NAT Application With IP Alias .....................................................................................................7-4
Figure 7-3 Menu 4 — Applying NAT for Internet Access..............................................................................7-6
Figure 7-4 Menu 11.3 — Applying NAT to the Remote Node .......................................................................7-7
Figure 7-5 Menu 15 — NAT Setup.................................................................................................................7-8
Figure 7-6 Menu 15.1 — Address Mapping Sets............................................................................................7-9
Figure 7-7 Menu 15.1.255 — SUA Address Mapping Rules........................................................................7-10
Figure 7-8 Menu 15.1.1 — First Set .............................................................................................................7-11
Figure 7-9 Menu 15.1.1.1 — Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set............................................7-13
Figure 7-10 Menu 15.2 — NAT Server Setup ..............................................................................................7-16
Figure 7-11 Menu 15.2.1 — NAT Server Setup ...........................................................................................7-16
Figure 7-12 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example....................................................................................7-17
Figure 7-13 NAT Example 1.........................................................................................................................7-18
Figure 7-14 Menu 4 — Internet Access & NAT Example ............................................................................7-18
Figure 7-15 NAT Example 2.........................................................................................................................7-19
Figure 7-16 Menu 15.2.1 — Specifying an Inside Server ............................................................................7-20
Figure 7-17 NAT Example 3.........................................................................................................................7-21
Figure 7-18 Example 3: Menu 11.3 ..............................................................................................................7-23
Figure 7-19 Example 3: Menu 15.1.1.1 ........................................................................................................7-23
Figure 7-20 Example 3: Final Menu 15.1.1 ..................................................................................................7-24
Figure 7-21 NAT Example 4.........................................................................................................................7-25
Figure 7-22 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1.1 — Address Mapping Rule..............................................................7-26
Figure 7-23 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1 — Address Mapping Rules ...............................................................7-27
Figure 8-1 Outgoing Packet Filtering Process ................................................................................................8-2
Figure 8-2 Filter Rule Process ........................................................................................................................8-3
Figure 8-3 Menu 21 — Filter Set Configuration ............................................................................................8-4
Figure 8-4 NetBIOS_WAN Filter Rules Summary.........................................................................................8-5
Figure 8-5 NetBIOS_LAN Filter Rules Summary..........................................................................................8-5
Figure 8-6 Telnet_WAN Filter Rules Summary .............................................................................................8-6
Figure 8-7 PPPoE Filter Rules Summary ......................................................................................................8-6
Figure 8-8 FTP_WAN Filter Rules Summary.................................................................................................8-7
Figure 8-9 WebSet Filter Rules Summary ......................................................................................................8-7
Figure 8-10 Menu 21.1.1 — TCP/IP Filter Rule...........................................................................................8-10
Figure 8-11 Executing an IP Filter................................................................................................................8-13
Figure 8-12 Menu 21.5.1 — Generic Filter Rule .........................................................................................8-14
Figure 8-13 Protocol and Device Filter Sets.................................................................................................8-16
Figure 8-14 Sample Telnet Filter ..................................................................................................................8-17
Figure 8-15 Sample Filter — Menu 21.3.1...................................................................................................8-18
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Figure 8-16 Sample Filter Rules Summary — Menu 21.1........................................................................... 8-19
Figure 8-17 Filtering Ethernet Traffic .......................................................................................................... 8-20
Figure 8-18 Filtering Remote Node Traffic ................................................................................................. 8-21
Figure 9-1 SNMP Management Model .......................................................................................................... 9-1
Figure 9-2 Menu 22 — SNMP Configuration................................................................................................ 9-3
Figure 10-1 Menu 24 — System Maintenance ............................................................................................ 10-1
Figure 10-2 Menu 24.1 — System Maintenance — Status.......................................................................... 10-2
Figure 10-3 Menu 24.2 — System Information and Console Port Speed .................................................... 10-3
Figure 10-4 Menu 24.2.1 — System Maintenance — Information.............................................................. 10-4
Figure 10-5 Menu 24.3 — System Maintenance — Log and Trace............................................................. 10-5
Figure 10-6 Sample Error and Information Messages ................................................................................. 10-5
Figure 10-7 Menu 24.3.2 — System Maintenance — Syslog and Accounting............................................ 10-6
Figure 10-8 Menu 24.4 — System Maintenance — Diagnostic .................................................................. 10-8
Figure 11-1 Menu 24.5 — Backup Configuration ........................................................................................11-3
Figure 11-2 FTP Session Example ................................................................................................................11-3
Figure 11-3 Menu 24.6 — Restore Configuration ........................................................................................11-6
Figure 11-5 Menu 24.7 — System Maintenance — Upload Firmware.........................................................11-7
Figure 11-6 Menu 24.7.1 — Upload System Firmware ................................................................................11-7
Figure 11-7 Menu 24.7.2 — System Maintenance........................................................................................11-8
Figure 11-8 FTP Session Example ................................................................................................................11-9
Figure 12-1 Command Mode in Menu 24.................................................................................................... 12-1
Figure 12-2 Valid Commands ...................................................................................................................... 12-2
Figure 12-3 Call Control .............................................................................................................................. 12-2
Figure 12-4 Budget Management................................................................................................................. 12-3
Figure 12-5 Menu 24 — System Maintenance ............................................................................................ 12-4
Figure 12-6 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance — Time and Date Setting................................................... 12-4
Figure 13-1 IP Routing Policy Setup ........................................................................................................... 13-2
Figure 13-2 Menu 25.1 — Sample IP Routing Policy Setup ....................................................................... 13-3
Figure 13-3 IP Routing Policy ..................................................................................................................... 13-4
Figure 13-4 Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup ...................................................................... 13-7
Figure 13-5 Menu 11.3 — Remote Node Network Layer Options .............................................................. 13-7
Figure 13-6 Example of IP Policy Routing .................................................................................................. 13-8
Figure 13-7 IP Routing Policy Example ...................................................................................................... 13-9
Figure 13-8 IP Routing Policy .................................................................................................................. 13-10
Figure 13-9 Applying IP Policies ............................................................................................................... 13-10
Figure 14-1 Menu 26 — Schedule Setup ..................................................................................................... 14-1
Figure 14-2 Schedule Set Setup ................................................................................................................... 14-2
Figure 14-3 Applying Schedule Set(s) to a Remote Node (PPPoE)............................................................. 14-4
Figure 15-1 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ............................................................................. 15-1
Figure 15-2 Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control.......................................................................... 15-2
List of Figures
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 2-1 Front Panel LED Description .........................................................................................................2-1
Table 2-2 Main Menu Commands ................................................................................................................2-10
Table 2-3 Main Menu Summary ...................................................................................................................2-11
Table 2-4 General Setup Menu Fields...........................................................................................................2-14
Table 2-5 Configure Dynamic DNS Menu Fields.........................................................................................2-15
Table 3-1 IP Alias Setup Menu Fields.............................................................................................................3-7
Table 3-2 DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields ................................................................................................3-9
Table 3-3 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields .............................................................................................3-10
Table 3-4 Wireless LAN Setup Field Description.........................................................................................3-13
Table 3-5 MAC Address Filter Field Description .........................................................................................3-15
Table 3-6 Internet Account Information........................................................................................................3-18
Table 3-7 Internet Access Setup Menu Fields...............................................................................................3-21
Table 4-1 Remote Node Profile Menu Fields .................................................................................................4-4
Table 4-2 Remote Node Network Layer Options ...........................................................................................4-7
Table 5-1 TCP/IP-Related Fields in Menu 11.1 — Remote Node Profile ......................................................5-3
Table 5-2 TCP/IP Remote Node Configuration ..............................................................................................5-4
Table 5-3 Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields....................................................................................................5-7
Table 6-1 Remote Node Bridge Options.........................................................................................................6-2
Table 6-2 Edit Bridge Static Route Menu Fields ............................................................................................6-3
Table 7-1 NAT Definitions..............................................................................................................................7-1
Table 7-2 NAT Mapping Types.......................................................................................................................7-5
Table 7-3 Applying NAT in Menus 4 & 11.3 ..................................................................................................7-7
Table 7-4 SUA Address Mapping Rules .......................................................................................................7-10
Table 7-5 Fields in Menu 15.1.1 ...................................................................................................................7-12
Table 7-6 Menu 15.1.1.1 — Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set .............................................7-13
Table 7-7 Services & Port Numbers .............................................................................................................7-15
Table 8-1 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu ................................................................8-8
Table 8-2 Rule Abbreviations Used ................................................................................................................8-8
Table 8-3 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields ...................................................................................................8-10
Table 8-4 Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields ..................................................................................................8-15
Table 8-5 Filter Sets Table ............................................................................................................................8-20
Table 9-1 SNMP Configuration Menu Fields .................................................................................................9-3
Table 9-2 SNMP Traps....................................................................................................................................9-4
Table 9-3 Ports and Permanent Virtual Circuits..............................................................................................9-4
Table 10-1 System Maintenance — Status Menu Fields ..............................................................................10-2
Table 10-2 Fields in System Maintenance ....................................................................................................10-4
Table 10-3 System Maintenance Menu — Syslog Parameters .....................................................................10-6
Table 10-4 System Maintenance Menu — Diagnostic..................................................................................10-8
Table 11-1 Filename Conventions ................................................................................................................11-2
xiv
List of Tables
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 11-2 General Commands for Third Party FTP Clients ........................................................................11-4
Table 11-3 General Commands for Third Party TFTP Clients......................................................................11-5
Table 12-1 Budget Management .................................................................................................................. 12-3
Table 12-2 Time and Date Setting Fields ..................................................................................................... 12-5
Table 13-1 IP Routing Policy Setup ............................................................................................................. 13-3
Table 13-2 IP Routing Policy ....................................................................................................................... 13-4
Table 14-1 Schedule Set Setup Fields .......................................................................................................... 14-2
Table 15-1 Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control ........................................................................... 15-2
Table 16-1 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Prestige .......................................................................... 16-1
Table 16-2 Troubleshooting the LAN Interface ........................................................................................... 16-1
Table 16-3 Troubleshooting the WAN Interface .......................................................................................... 16-2
Table 16-4 Troubleshooting Internet Access ................................................................................................ 16-2
Table 16-5 Troubleshooting the Password ................................................................................................... 16-3
Table 16-6 Troubleshooting Telnet............................................................................................................... 16-3
List of Tables
xv
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Preface
There are two Prestige 650HW models, one for ADSL over POTS (Plain Old Telephone System) and one
for ADSL over ISDN (Integrated Synchronous Digital System). Both models are discussed together in this
guide.
The Prestige 650HW ADSL router is the ideal all-in-one device for small networks connecting to the
Internet via ADSL. You don’t need to buy an external hub. The Prestige is equipped with four auto-sensing
10/100BASE-T Ethernet ports to connect to your network and an RJ-11 port (POTS) or RJ-45 port (ISDN)
to connect to your ADSL service.
The Prestige's 10/100M auto-negotiating LAN interface enables fast data transfer of either 10Mbps or
100Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode depending on your Ethernet network using either a
crossover or straight-through Ethernet cable.
The Prestige comes with a PCMCIA wireless card slot for an optional 802.11b wireless card that provides
wireless LAN connection without the expensive network cabling infrastructure.
The Prestige 650HW is interoperable with all major DSLAM solutions vendors. The Prestige can run
maximum upstream transmission rates of up to 832Kbps and maximum downstream transmission rates of
8Mbps. The actual rate depends on the copper category of your telephone wire, distance from the central
office and the type of ADSL service subscribed to. See the What is DSL section for more background
information on DSL and ADSL
In addition, the Prestige 650HW has bridging and IP routing to support a wide range of applications for
high-speed Internet access.
Your Prestige is easy to install and configure. All functions are configurable via the SMT (System
Management Terminal) and web configurator. Advanced users may configure the Prestige using CLI
(Command Line Interface) commands.
Don’t forget to register your Prestige (fast, easy online registration at
www.zyxel.com) for free future product updates and information.
About This User's Guide
This user's guide covers all aspects of Prestige operations and shows you how to get the best out of the
multiple advanced features of your ADSL Router using the SMT. It is designed to guide you through the
correct configuration of your Prestige 650H for various applications.
Related Documentation
Supporting Disk
More detailed information and examples can be found in our included disk (as well as on the
zyxel.com web site). This disk contains information on configuring your Prestige for Internet
xvi
Preface
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Access, general and advanced FAQs, Application Notes, Troubleshooting, a reference for CI
Commands and bundled software.
Read Me First
Our Read Me First is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains a detailed
easy-to-follow connection diagram, default settings, handy checklists and information on setting
up your network and configuring for Internet access.
ZyXEL Web Site
The ZyXEL download library at www.zyxel.com contains additional support documentation.
Please also refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms.
Syntax Conventions
•
“Type” means for you to type one or more characters and press the carriage return. “Select” or
“Choose” means for you to select one predefined choices.
•
The SMT menu titles and labels are in Bold Times New Roman font. Predefined field choices are in
Bold Arial font. Command and arrow keys are enclosed in square brackets. [ENTER] means the
Enter, or carriage return key; [ESC] means the Escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the Space Bar.
•
For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.,” as a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” for “that is” or “in
other words” throughout this manual.
•
The Prestige 650HW may be referred to as the P650HW or the Prestige in this user’s guide. These
names refer to both Prestige 650HW models (ADSL over POTS and ADSL over ISDN) unless
specifically identified.
The following section offers some background information on DSL. Skip to
Chapter 1 if you wish to begin working with your router right away.
Preface
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
What is DSL?
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) technology enhances the data capacity of the existing twisted-pair wire that
runs between the local telephone company switching offices and most homes and offices. While the wire
itself can handle higher frequencies, the telephone switching equipment is designed to cut off signals above
4,000 Hz to filter noise off the voice line, but now everybody is searching for ways to get more bandwidth to
improve access to the Web - hence DSL technologies.
There are actually seven types of DSL service, ranging in speeds from 16 Kbits/sec to 52 Mbits/sec. The
services are either symmetrical (traffic flows at the same speed in both directions), or asymmetrical (the
downstream capacity is higher than the upstream capacity). Asymmetrical services (ADSL) are suitable for
Internet users because more information is usually downloaded than uploaded. For example, a simple button
click in a web browser can start an extended download that includes graphics and text.
As data rates increase, the carrying distance decreases. That means that users who are beyond a certain
distance from the telephone company’s central office may not be able to obtain the higher speeds.
A DSL connection is a point-to-point dedicated circuit, meaning that the link is always up and there is no
dialing required.
What is ADSL?
It is an asymmetrical technology, meaning that the downstream data rate is much higher than the upstream
data rate. As mentioned, this works well for a typical Internet session in which more information is
downloaded, for example, from Web servers, than is uploaded. ADSL operates in a frequency range that is
above the frequency range of voice services, so the two systems can operate over the same cable.
xviii
What is DSL?
Getting Started
Part I:
GETTING STARTED
This part is structured as a step-by-step guide to help you connect, install and set up your
Prestige to operate on your network and to access the Internet. Described are Key Features and
Applications, Hardware Installation, Initial Setup, Internet Access and Wireless LAN Setup.
I
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 1
Getting To Know Your Prestige
This chapter describes the key features and applications of your Prestige.
1.1
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router
Your Prestige integrates a high-speed 10/100Mbps auto-negotiating LAN interface, a PCMCIA wireless
card slot and one high-speed ADSL port into a single package. The Prestige is ideal for high-speed Internet
browsing and making LAN-to-LAN connections to remote networks. By integrating DSL, WLAN and
NAT, Prestige provides ease of installation and Internet access. What’s more, with the wireless LAN
connectivity, users can enjoy the convenience and mobility, working anywhere within the coverage area.
1.2
Features of the Prestige
Your Prestige is packed with a number of features that give it the flexibility to provide a complete
networking solution for almost any user.
High Speed Internet Access
Your Prestige ADSL router can support downstream transmission rates of up to 8Mbps and upstream
transmission rates of 832 Kbps.
IEEE 802.11b 11 Mbps Wireless LAN
The 11 Mbps wireless LAN provides mobility and a fast network environment for small and home offices.
Computers with wireless NICs can connect to the local area network without any wiring efforts and enjoy
reliable high-speed connectivity.
Wireless LAN MAC Address Filtering
Getting To Know Your Prestige
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
MAC Address Filtering together with ESSID (Extended Service Set IDentifier) and WEP (Wired
Equivalent Privacy) ensure the most secure wireless solution avaliable.
PPPoE Support (RFC2516)
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) emulates a dial-up connection. It allows your ISP to use their
existing network configuration with newer broadband technologies such as ADSL. The PPPoE driver on the
Prestige is transparent to the computers on the LAN, which see only Ethernet and are not aware of PPPoE
thus saving you from having to manage PPPoE clients on individual computers.
NAT for Single-IP-address Internet Access
The Prestige's SUA (Single User Account) feature allows multiple-user Internet access for the cost of a
single IP account. NAT supports popular Internet applications such as MS traceroute, CuSeeMe, IRC,
RealPlayer, VDOLive, Quake, and PPTP. No configuration is needed to support these applications.
10/100M Auto-negotiation Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Interface
This auto-negotiation feature allows the Prestige to detect the speed of incoming transmissions and adjust
appropriately without manual intervention. It allows data transfer of either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps in either
half-duplex or full-duplex mode depending on your Ethernet network.
Dynamic DNS Support
With Dynamic DNS support, you can have a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address, allowing the
host to be more easily accessible from various locations on the Internet. You must register for this service
with a Dynamic DNS client.
Multiple PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuits) Support
Your Prestige supports up to 8 PVC’s.
ADSL Transmission Rate Standards
♦ Full-Rate (ANSI T1.413, Issue 2; G.dmt (G.992.1) with line rate support of up to 8 Mbps
downstream and 832 Kbps upstream.
♦ G.lite (G.992.2) with line rate support of up to 1.5Mbps downstream and 512Kbps upstream.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
♦ Supports Multi-Mode standard (ANSI T1.413, Issue 2; G.dmt (G.992.1); G.994.1; G.996.1;
G.991.1;G.lite (G992.2)).
♦ TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) network layer protocol.
♦ ATM Forum UNI 3.1/4.0 PVC.
♦ Supports up to 8 PVCs (UBR, CBR).
♦ Multiple Protocol over AAL5 (RFC 1483).
♦ PPP over AAL5 (RFC 2364).
♦ PPP over Ethernet over AAL5 (RFC 2516).
♦ RFC 1661.
♦ PPP over PAP (RFC 1334).
♦ PPP over CHAP (RFC 1994).
•
Protocol Support
♦
DHCP Support
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (computers) to obtain
the TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The Prestige has built-in
DHCP server capability enabled by default. It can assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and
DNS servers to DHCP clients. The Prestige can now also act as a surrogate DHCP server (DHCP
Relay) where it relays IP address assignment from the actual real DHCP server to the clients.
♦ IP Alias
IP Alias allows you to partition a physical network into logical networks over the same Ethernet
interface. The Prestige supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet
interface with the Prestige itself as the gateway for each LAN network.
♦
IP Policy Routing (IPPR)
Traditionally, routing is based on the destination address only and the router takes the shortest path
to forward a packet. IP Policy Routing (IPPR) provides a mechanism to override the default
Getting To Know Your Prestige
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
routing behavior and alter the packet forwarding based on the policy defined by the network
administrator.
♦
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) link layer protocol.
♦
Transparently bridging for unsupported network layer protocols.
♦
RIP I/RIP II
♦
IGMP Proxy
♦
ICMP support
♦
ATM QoS support
♦
MIB II support (RFC 1213)
Networking Compatibility
Your Prestige is compatible with the major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer)
providers, making configuration as simple as possible for you.
Multiplexing
The Prestige Series supports VC-based and LLC-based multiplexing.
Encapsulation
The Prestige Series supports PPPoA (RFC 2364 - PPP over ATM Adaptation Layer 5), RFC 1483
encapsulation over ATM, MAC encapsulated routing (ENET encapsulation) as well as PPP over Ethernet
(RFC 2516).
Network Management
♦
Menu driven SMT (System Management Terminal) management
♦
Embedded Web Configurator
♦
CLI (Command Line Interpreter)
♦
Remote SMT session via Telnet
♦
Remote Management via Telnet, FTP or Web servers.
1-4
Getting To Know Your Prestige
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
♦
SNMP manageable
♦
DHCP Server/Client
♦
Built-in Diagnostic Tools
♦
Syslog
♦
Telnet Support (Password-protected telnet access to internal configuration manager)
♦
TFTP/FTP server, firmware upgrade and configuration backup/support supported
♦
Supports OAM F4/F5 loop-back, AIS and RDI OAM cells
•
•
Other PPPoE Features
♦
PPPoE idle time out
♦
PPPoE Dial on Demand
Diagnostics Capabilities
♦ The Prestige can perform self-diagnostic tests. These tests check the integrity of the following
circuitry:
♦
FLASH memory
♦
ADSL circuitry
♦
RAM
♦
LAN port
Filters
The Prestige's packet filtering functions allows added network security and management.
Ease of Installation
Your Prestige is designed for quick, intuitive and easy installation.
Getting To Know Your Prestige
1-5
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Housing
Your Prestige's all new compact and ventilated housing minimizes space requirements making it easy to
position anywhere in your busy office.
1.3
Applications for the Prestige
1.3.1 Internet Access
The Prestige is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. Your Prestige supports the TCP/IP protocol,
which the Internet uses exclusively. It is compatible with all major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber
Line Access Multiplexer) providers. A DSLAM is a rack of ADSL line cards with data multiplexed into a
backbone network interface/connection (for example, T1, OC3, DS3, ATM or Frame Relay). Think of it as
the equivalent of a modem rack for ADSL. In addition, you can insert an optional wireless PCMICA card
into the Prestige and allow wireless clients access to your LAN resources. A typical Internet Access
application is shown below.
Figure 1-1 Internet Access Application
1-6
Getting To Know Your Prestige
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Internet Single User Account
For a SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) environment, your Prestige offers the Single User Account (SUA)
feature that allows multiple users on the LAN (Local Area Network) to access the Internet concurrently for
the cost of a single IP address.
1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application
You can use the Prestige to connect two geographically dispersed networks over the ADSL line. A typical
LAN-to-LAN application for your Prestige is shown as follows.
Figure 1-2 LAN-to-LAN Application
Getting To Know Your Prestige
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
This chapter describes the physical features of the Prestige and how to make cable connections.
2.1
Front Panel LEDs of the PP650H
The LEDs on the front panel indicate the operational status of your Prestige
Figure 2-1 Prestige Front Panel
Table 2-1 Front Panel LED Description
LED
PWR
SYS
PPPoE
LAN 1-4
COLOR
Green
Green
Green
Green
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
On
The Prestige is receiving power.
Blinking
The Prestige is performing a self-test.
Off
The Prestige is not receiving power.
On
The Prestige is functioning properly.
Blinking
The Prestige is rebooting.
Off
The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.
On
The connection to the PPPoE server is up.
Off
There is no connection to the PPPoE server.
On
The Prestige has a successful 10Mb Ethernet connection.
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 2-1 Front Panel LED Description
LED
COLOR
Amber
WLAN
DSL
ACT
2.2
Green
Green
Green
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
Blinking
The Prestige is sending/receiving data.
Off
The Prestige does not have 10Mb Ethernet connection.
On
The Prestige has a successful 100Mb Ethernet connection.
Blinking
The Prestige is sending/receiving data.
Off
The Prestige does not have 100Mb Ethernet connection.
On
The Prestige has successful connection to a WLAN.
Off
WLAN link is not ready or has failed.
Blinking
The Prestige is sending/receiving data through the WLAN.
On
The Prestige is linked successfully to a DSLAM.
Blinking
The Prestige is initializing the DSL line.
Off
The DSL link is down.
Blinking
The Prestige is sending/receiving data.
Off
The system is ready, but is not sending/receiving data.
Rear Panel and Connections of the Prestige
The following figure shows the rear panel of your Prestige.
2-2
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Figure 2-2 Prestige Rear Panel and Connections
2.2.1 DSL Port
Connect the Prestige directly to the wall jack using the included DSL cable. Connect a microfilter(s)
between the wall jack and your telephone(s). A microfilter acts as low-pass filter (voice transmission takes
place in the 0 to 4KHz bandwidth) and is an optional purchase.
2.2.2 Four LAN 10/100M Ports
Ethernet 10Base-T/100Base-T networks use Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable with RJ-11 (POTS)
connectors or RJ-45 (ISDN) connectors that look like a bigger telephone plug with 8 pins. All LAN ports
are auto-sensing, so you may use the crossover cable provided or a straight-through Ethernet cable to
connect your Prestige to a computer/external hub.
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
When the Prestige is on and properly connected to a computer or a hub, the
corresponding LAN LED on the front panel turns on.
2.2.3 PCMCIA Wireless Card Slot
Your Prestige comes with a PCMCIA wireless LAN card slot for wireless LAN connectivity. Follow the
steps below to insert the optional PCMCIA wireless LAN card.
Step 1.
Locate the slot on your Prestige.
Step 2.
With its 64-pin connector facing the card slot and its label side facing upwards, slide the
PCMCIA wireless LANcard into the slot.
Never force, bend or twist the wireless LAN card into the slot.
2.2.4 Power Port
Connect the power adapter to the port labeled POWER on the rear panel of your Prestige. Push in the power
button when you want to turn on the Prestige.
To avoid damage to the Prestige, make sure you use the supplied power adapter.
Refer to the Power Adapter Specification Appendix for this information.
2.2.5 Restore Factory Defaults/Reboot Button
Hold this button in for between 1 and 3 seconds to restart the Prestige.
Upload the default configuration file by holding this button in for more than 3 seconds. Refer to section 2.8
for information on the resetting your Prestige.
2.3
Additional Installation Requirements
An optional PCMCIA wireless card for 802.11b wireless LAN connection for your Prestige.
A computer with an Ethernet 10Base-T/100Base-T NIC (Network Interface Card) or a 802.11b
wireless LAN card.
A computer equipped with a web browser (enable JavaScript) and/or Telnet.
2.4
P650HW with POTS
Sections 2.4.1 and 2.4.2 relate to people who use the Prestige with ADSL over POTS (analog telephone
service) only.
2-4
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
2.4.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter
This is for the Prestige that follows the Full Rate (G.dmt) standard only. One major difference between
ADSL and dial-up modems is the optional telephone splitter. This device keeps the telephone and ADSL
signals separated, giving them the capability to provide simultaneous Internet access and telephone service
on the same line. Splitters also eliminate the destructive interference conditions caused by telephone sets.
The purchase of a POTS splitter is optional.
Noise generated from a telephone in the same frequency range, as the ADSL signal can be disruptive to the
ADSL signal. In addition the impedance of a telephone when off-hook may be so low that it shunts the
strength of the ADSL signal. When a POTS splitter is installed at the entry point, where the line comes into
the home, it will filter the telephone signals before combining the ADSL and telephone signals transmitted
and received. The issues of noise and impedance are eliminated with a single POTS splitter installation.
A telephone splitter is easy to install as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2-3 Connecting a POTS Splitter
Step 1.
Connect the side labeled “Phone” to your telephone.
Step 2.
Connect the side labeled “Modem” to your Prestige.
Step 3.
Connect the side labeled “Line” to the telephone wall jack.
2.4.2 Telephone Microfilters
Telephone voice transmissions take place in the lower frequency range, 0 - 4KHz, while ADSL
transmissions take place in the higher bandwidth range, above 4KHz. A microfilter acts as a low-pass filter,
for your telephone, to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your telephone voice
transmissions. The purchase of a telephone microfilter is optional.
Step 1.
Connect a phone cable from the wall jack to the single jack end of the Y- Connector.
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
2-5
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Step 2.
Connect a cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the “wall side” of the
microfilter.
Step 3.
Connect another cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the Prestige.
Step 4.
Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following figure.
Figure 2-4 Connecting a Microfilter
2.5
P650HW With ISDN
This section relates to people who use their Prestige with ADSL over ISDN (digital telephone service) only.
The following is an example installation for the Prestige with ISDN.
Figure 2-5 P650HW with ISDN
2-6
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
2.6
Turning On Your Prestige
At this point, you should have connected the ADSL line, the Ethernet port and the power port to the
appropriate devices or lines. Push in the power button (located on the back of your Prestige) to turn on your
Prestige.
2.7
Configuring Your Prestige For Internet Access
Configure your Prestige for Internet access using:
Web configurator (refer to the Read Me First).
SMT (System Management Terminal). Access the SMT via LAN or WAN using Telnet.
2.7.1 Connect to your Prestige Using Telnet
The following procedure details how to telnet into your Prestige.
Step 1.
In Windows, click Start (usually in the bottom left corner), Run and then type “telnet
192.168.1.1” (the default IP address) and click OK.
Step 2.
Enter “1234” in the Password field.
Step 3.
After entering the password you will see the main menu.
Please note that if there is no activity for longer than five minutes (default timeout period) after you log in,
your Prestige will automatically log you out. You will then have to telnet into the Prestige again.
2.7.2 Connect to your Prestige Using the Web Configurator
Step 1.
Step 2.
Step 3.
Launch your web browser.
Enter “192.168.1.1” as the URL.
In the User Name field, type "admin". In the Password field, type “1234”. Click OK.
Click the Help button for online web configurator HTML help.
The remainder of this user’s guide shows you how to configure the Prestige for Internet access using SMT
screens. There are also some sections in this guide that also focus on using Telnet to configure the Prestige.
2.7.3 Entering Password
The login screen appears after you press [ENTER], prompting you to enter the password, as shown next.
For your first login, enter the default password “1234”. As you type the password, the screen displays an
“*” for each character you type.
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
2-7
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Please note that if there is no activity for longer than five minutes after you log in, your Prestige will
automatically log you out and will display a blank screen. If you see a blank screen, press [ENTER] to
display the login screen again.
Enter Password : ****
Figure 2-6 Login Screen
2.8
Resetting the Prestige
If you forget your password or cannot access the Prestige, you will need to reload the factory-default
configuration file. Uploading this configuration file replaces the current configuration file with the factorydefault configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously; the
password will be reset to “1234” and the LAN IP address to 192.168.1.1.
To obtain the default configuration file, download it from the ZyXEL FTP site, unzip it and save it in a
folder.
2.8.1 Methods of Restoring Factory-Defaults
You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in three ways:
1.
Transfer the configuration file to your Prestige using the SMT menus. See later in this User’s Guide for
more information on this.
2.
Use the Restore Factory Defaults/Reboot button on the rear panel of the Prestige to upload the
default configuration file (hold this button in for more than 3 seconds). Use this method for cases when
the password or IP address of the Prestige is not known.
3.
Use the web configurator to restore defaults (see the web configurator HTML help)
2.8.2 Prestige SMT Menu Overview
The following figure gives you an overview of the various SMT menu screens of your Prestige.
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Figure 2-7 Prestige SMT Menu Overview
Hardware Installation and Initial Setup
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2.9
Navigating the SMT Interface
The SMT (System Management Terminal) is the interface that you use to configure your Prestige.
Several operations that you should be familiar with before you attempt to modify the configuration are
listed in the table below.
Table 2-2 Main Menu Commands
OPERATION
KEYSTROKE
DESCRIPTION
Move down to
another menu
[ENTER]
To move forward to a submenu, type in the number of the desired
submenu and press [ENTER].
Move up to a
previous menu
[ESC]
Press [ESC] to move back to the previous menu.
Fields beginning with “Edit” lead to hidden menus and have a
Move to a “hidden” Press [SPACE
BAR] to change No default setting of No. Press [SPACE BAR] once to change No to
menu
to Yes then press Yes, then press [ENTER] to go to the “hidden” menu.
[ENTER].
Move the cursor
[ENTER] or
Within a menu, press [ENTER] to move to the next field. You can
[UP]/[DOWN] arrow also use the [UP]/[DOWN] arrow keys to move to the previous
keys.
and the next field, respectively.
Entering
information
Type in or press
You need to fill in two types of fields. The first requires you to type
[SPACE BAR], then in the appropriate information. The second allows you to cycle
press [ENTER].
through the available choices by pressing [SPACE BAR].
Required fields
<?>
All fields with the symbol <?> must be filled in order to be able to
save the new configuration.
N/A fields
<N/A>
Some of the fields in the SMT will show a <N/A>. This symbol
refers to an option that is Not Applicable.
Save your
configuration
[ENTER]
Save your configuration by pressing [ENTER] at the message
“Press ENTER to confirm or ESC to cancel”. Saving the data on
the screen will take you, in most cases to the previous menu.
Exit the SMT
Type 99, then press Type 99 at the main menu prompt and press [ENTER] to exit the
[ENTER].
SMT interface.
After you enter the password, the SMT displays the main menu, as shown next.
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Copyright (c) 1994 - 2002 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
Prestige 650HW Main Menu
Getting Started
1. General Setup
3. LAN Setup
4. Internet Access Setup
Advanced Applications
11. Remote Node Setup
12. Static Routing Setup
15. NAT Setup
Advanced Management
21. Filter Set Configuration
22. SNMP Configuration
23. System Password
24. System Maintenance
25. IP Routing Policy Setup
26. Schedule Setup
99. Exit
Enter Menu Selection Number:_
Figure 2-8 SMT Main Menu
The SMT menu continually improves and changes with new firmware upgrades. Check the release notes at
www.zyxel.com to find the most recent upgrades and information.
2.9.1 System Management Terminal Interface Summary
Table 2-3 Main Menu Summary
#
MENU TITLE
DESCRIPTION
1
General Setup
Use this menu to set up your general information.
3
LAN Setup
Use this menu to set up your LAN connection.
4
Internet Access Setup
A quick and easy way to set up an Internet connection.
11
Remote Node Setup
Use this menu to set up the Remote Node for LAN-to-LAN connection,
including Internet connection.
12
Static Routing Setup
Use this menu to set up static routes.
15
NAT Setup
Use this menu to specify inside servers when NAT is enabled.
21
Filter Set Configuration
Use this menu to set up filters to provide security, etc.
22
SNMP Configuration
Use this menu to set up SNMP related parameters.
23
System Password
Use this menu to change your password.
24
System Maintenance
This menu provides system status, diagnostics, software upload, etc.
25
IP Routing Policy Setup Use this menu to configure your IP routing policy.
26
Schedule Setup
Use this menu to schedule outgoing calls.
99
Exit
Use this to exit from SMT and return to a blank screen.
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2.10 Changing the System Password
Change the Prestige default password by following the steps shown next.
Step 1.
Enter 23 in the main menu to display Menu 23 - System Password as shown next.
Step 2.
Type your existing system password in the Old Password field, for example “1234”, and press
[ENTER].
Menu 23 – System Password
Old Password= ?
New Password= ?
Retype to confirm= ?
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 2-9 Menu 23 — System Password
Step 3.
Type your new system password in the New Password field (up to 30 characters), and press
[ENTER].
Step 4.
Re-type your new system password in the Retype to confirm field for confirmation and press
[ENTER].
Note that as you type a password, the screen displays an “*” for each character you type.
2.11 General Setup
Menu 1 — General Setup contains administrative and system-related information (shown next). The
System Name field is for identification purposes. However, because some ISPs check this name you should
enter your computer's "Computer Name".
•
In Windows 95/98 click Start -> Settings -> Control Panel -> Network. Click the Identification
tab, note the entry for the Computer name field and enter it as the Prestige System Name.
•
In Windows 2000 click Start->Settings->Control Panel and then double-click System. Click the
Network Identification tab and then the Properties button. Note the entry for the Computer
name field and enter it as the Prestige System Name.
•
In Windows XP, click start -> My Computer -> View system information and then click the
Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer name field and enter it as the Prestige
System Name.
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The Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. If you leave this blank,
the domain name obtained by DHCP from the ISP is used. While you must enter the host name (System
Name) on each individual computer, the domain name can be assigned from the Prestige via DHCP.
2.11.1 Dynamic DNS
Dynamic DNS (Domain Name System) allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or
many dynamic DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in NetMeeting, CU-SeeMe or other services).
You can also access your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a DNS-like address (for
example, myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) which will never change instead of using
an IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be able to call you
even if they don't know your IP address.
First of all, you need to have registered a dynamic DNS account with www.dyndns.org. This is for people
with a dynamic IP from their ISP or DHCP server that would still like to have a DNS name.
To use this service, you must register with the Dynamic DNS service provider. The Dynamic DNS service
provider will give you a password or key. The Prestige supports www.dyndns.org. You can apply to this
service provider for Dynamic DNS service.
DYNDNS Wildcard
Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP
address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful if you want to be able to use, for example,
www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach your hostname.
2.11.2 Procedure To Configure Menu 1
Step 1.
Enter 1 in the Main Menu to open Menu 1 — General Setup (shown next).
Menu 1 - General Setup
System Name= ?
Location=
Contact Person's Name=
Domain Name=
Edit Dynamic DNS= No
Route IP= Yes
Bridge= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 2-10 Menu 1 — General Setup
Step 2.
Fill in the required fields. Refer to the table shown next for more information about these fields.
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Table 2-4 General Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
System Name
Choose a descriptive name for identification purposes. This name can
be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but
dashes “-” and underscores "_" are accepted.
P650HW
Location (optional)
Enter the geographic location (up to 31 characters) of your Prestige.
MyHouse
Contact Person's
Name (optional)
Enter the name (up to 30 characters) of the person in charge of this
Prestige.
JohnDoe
Domain Name
Enter the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field
blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. You can go to
menu 24.8 and type "sys domainname" to see the current domain
name used by your gateway.
zyxel.com.tw
If you want to clear this field just press the [SPACE BAR]. The domain
name entered by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain
name.
Edit Dynamic DNS
Press the [SPACE BAR] to select Yes or No (default). Select Yes to
configure Menu 1.1 — Configure Dynamic DNS (discussed next).
No
Route IP
Set this field to Yes to enable or No to disable IP routing. You must
enable IP routing for Internet access.
Yes
Bridge
Turn on/off bridging for protocols not supported (for example, SNA) or
not turned on in the previous Route IP field. Select Yes to turn
bridging on; select No to turn bridging off.
No
2.11.3 Procedure to Configure Dynamic DNS
Step 1.
2-14
To configure Dynamic DNS, go to Menu 1 — General Setup and select Yes in the Edit
Dynamic DNS field. Press [ENTER] to display Menu 1.1— Configure Dynamic DNS as
shown next.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 1.1 - Configure Dynamic DNS
Service Provider = WWW.DynDNS.ORG
Active= Yes
Host= me.ddns.org
EMAIL= mail@mailserver
USER= username
Password= *********
Enable Wildcard= No
Press ENTER to confirm or ESC to cancel:
Figure 2-11 Configure Dynamic DNS
Follow the instructions in the next table to configure Dynamic DNS parameters.
Table 2-5 Configure Dynamic DNS Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Service Provider
This is the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
Active
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and then press [ENTER] to
make dynamic DNS active.
Host
Enter the domain name assigned to your Prestige by your
Dynamic DNS provider.
EMAIL
Enter your e-mail address.
USER
Enter your user name.
Password
Enter the password assigned to you.
Enable Wildcard
Your Prestige supports DYNDNS Wildcard. Press [SPACE
BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Yes or No This field is N/A
when you choose DDNS client as your service provider.
EXAMPLE
WWW.DynDNS.ORG
(default)
Yes
me.dyndns.org
mail@mailserver
No
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press ENTER to Confirm…” to save
your configuration, or press [ESC] at any time to cancel.
If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use Dynamic DNS.
2.12 LAN Setup
This section describes how to configure the Ethernet using Menu 3 — LAN Setup. From the main menu,
enter 3 to display menu 3.
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Menu 3 - LAN Setup
1. LAN Port Filter Setup
2. TCP/IP and DHCP Setup
5. Wireless LAN Setup
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 2-12 Menu 3 — LAN Setup
2.12.1 General Ethernet Setup
This menu allows you to specify filter set(s) that you wish to apply to the Ethernet traffic. You seldom
need to filter Ethernet traffic; however, the filter sets may be useful to block certain packets, reduce traffic
and prevent security breaches.
Menu 3.1 - LAN Port Filter Setup
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 2-13 Menu 3.1 — General Ethernet Setup
If you need to define filters, please read the Filter Set Configuration chapter first, then return to this menu
to define the filter sets.
2.13 Protocol Dependent Ethernet Setup
Depending on the protocols for your applications, you need to configure the respective Ethernet Setup, as
outlined below.
For TCP/IP Ethernet setup refer to Internet Access Application.
For bridging Ethernet setup refer to Bridging Setup.
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Chapter 3
Internet Access
This chapter shows you how to configure the LAN and WAN of your Prestige for Internet access.
3.1
Factory Ethernet Defaults
The Ethernet parameters of the Prestige are preset in the factory with the following values:
1.
IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits).
2.
DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If the parameters are satisfactory, you can
skip to TCP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP to enter the DNS server address(es) if your ISP gives you explicit
DNS server address(es). If you wish to change the factory defaults or to learn more about TCP/IP, please
read on.
3.2
LANs and WANs
A LAN (Local Area Network) is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. A WAN (Wide Area Network), on the other hand, is an outside connection
to another network or the Internet.
3.2.1 LANs, WANs and the Prestige
The actual physical connection determines whether the Prestige ports are LAN or WAN ports. There are
two separate IP networks, one inside, the LAN network; the other outside: the WAN network as shown
next:
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Figure 3-1 LAN & WAN IPs
3.3
TCP/IP Parameters
3.3.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask
Like houses on a street that share a common street name, the computers on a LAN share one common
network number.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network
administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP
addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account
and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this is the case, it is
recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 (ignoring the trailing
zero) and you must enable the Single User Account feature of the Prestige. The Internet Assigned Number
Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other
number unless you are told otherwise. Let’s say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which
covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual
computer on that network.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your Prestige will compute the
subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don’t need to change the subnet
mask computed by the Prestige unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
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3.3.2 Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet,
for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without
problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three
blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:
10.0.0.0
—
10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0
—
172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0
—
192.168.255.255
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a private network.
If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you
with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger
organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.
Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment,
please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466,
Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
3.3.3 RIP Setup
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers.
The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. When set to:
1.
Both - the Prestige will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the RIP information
that it receives.
2.
In Only - the Prestige will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets received.
3.
Out Only - the Prestige will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP packets received.
4.
None - the Prestige will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the Prestige
sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported; but RIP-2 carries more
information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have an unusual network topology.
Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses
subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.
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3.3.4 DHCP Configuration
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (computers) to obtain the
TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The Prestige has built-in DHCP server
capability, enabled by default, which means it can assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and DNS
servers to Windows 95, Windows NT and other systems that support the DHCP client. The Prestige can
also act as a surrogate DHCP server where it relays IP address assignment from the actual DHCP server to
the clients.
IP Pool Setup
The Prestige is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64 for
the client machines. This leaves 31 IP addresses, 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32 (excluding the Prestige itself
which has a default IP of 192.168.1.1) for other server machines, for example, server for mail, FTP, telnet,
web, etc., that you may have.
DNS Server Address
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa,
for example, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important
because without it, you must know the IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server
addresses that you enter in the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP
address and subnet mask.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP to tell a
customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when s/he signs up. If
your ISP does give you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in DHCP Setup,
otherwise, leave them blank.
Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP Control
Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers, chances are the
DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The Prestige supports the IPCP DNS server
extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in DHCP Setup are not specified, for instance, left as
0.0.0.0, the Prestige tells the DHCP clients that it itself is the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS
query to the Prestige, the Prestige forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and
relays the response back to the computer.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It does not
mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances. If your ISP gives you
explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the DHCP Setup menu. This way, the
Prestige can pass the DNS servers to the computers and the computers can query the DNS server directly
without the Prestige’s intervention.
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3.4
IP Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender – 1 recipient) or
Broadcast (1 sender – everybody on the network). Multicast is a third way to deliver IP packets to a group
of hosts on the network - not everybody.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a session-layer protocol used to establish membership in a
multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over
version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed
information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of
RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to
239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers.
The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address
224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
The Prestige supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and version 2 (IGMP-v2). At start up, the Prestige
queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After that, the Prestige periodically
updates this information. IP Multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the Prestige LAN and/or WAN
interfaces using menus 3.2 (LAN) and 11.3 (WAN). Select None to disable IP Multicasting on these
interfaces.
3.5
IP Policies
Traditionally, routing is based on the destination address only and the router takes the shortest path to
forward a packet. IP Policy Routing (IPPR) provides a mechanism to override the default routing behavior
and alter the packet forwarding based on the policy defined by the network administrator. Policy-based
routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface basis, prior to the normal routing. Create policies
using SMT menu 25 (see IP Policy Routing) and apply them on the Prestige LAN and/or WAN interfaces
using menus 3.2 (LAN) and 11.3 (WAN).
3.6
IP Alias
IP Alias allows you to partition a physical network into different logical networks over the same Ethernet
interface. The Prestige supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface with
the Prestige itself as the gateway for each LAN network.
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Figure 3-2 Physical Network
Figure 3-3 Partitioned Logical Networks
Use menu 3.2.1 to configure IP Alias on your Prestige.
3.6.1 IP Alias Setup
Use menu 3.2 to configure the first network. Move the cursor to Edit IP Alias field and press
[SPACEBAR] to choose Yes and press [ENTER] to configure the second and third network.
Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Setup
DHCP Setup:
DHCP= Server
Client IP Pool Starting Addres= 192.168.1.33
Size of Client IP Pool= 32
Primary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Secondary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Remote DHCP Server= N/A
TCP/IP Setup:
IP Address= 192.168.1.1
IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.0
RIP Direction= None
Version= N/A
Multicast= None
IP Policies=
Edit IP Alias= No
Press ENTER
to confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 3-4 Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Setup
Pressing [ENTER] displays Menu 3.2.1 — IP Alias Setup, as shown next.
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Menu 3.2.1 - IP Alias Setup
IP Alias 1= No
IP Address= N/A
IP Subnet Mask= N/A
RIP Direction= N/A
Version= N/A
Incoming protocol filters=
Outgoing protocol filters=
IP Alias 2= No
IP Address= N/A
IP Subnet Mask= N/A
RIP Direction= N/A
Version= N/A
Incoming protocol filters=
Outgoing protocol filters=
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 3-5 Menu 3.2.1 — IP Alias Setup
Follow the instructions in the following table to configure IP Alias parameters.
Table 3-1 IP Alias Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
IP Alias
Choose Yes to configure the LAN network for the Prestige.
IP Address
Enter the IP address of your Prestige in dotted decimal notation
IP Subnet Mask Your Prestige will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on
the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing
subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the Prestige
EXAMPLE
Yes
192.168.2.1
255.255.255.0
RIP Direction
Press [SPACE BAR] to select the RIP direction. Choices are None,
Both, In Only or Out Only.
None
Version
Press [SPACE BAR] to select the RIP version. Choices are RIP-1,
RIP-2B or RIP-2M.
RIP-1
Incoming
Enter the filter set(s) you wish to apply to the incoming traffic
Protocol Filters between this node and the Prestige.
Outgoing
Enter the filter set(s) you wish to apply to the outgoing traffic between
Protocol Filters this node and the Prestige.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press ENTER to Confirm…” to
save your configuration, or press [ESC] at any time to cancel.
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3.7
Route IP Setup
The first step is to enable the IP routing in Menu 1 — General Setup.
To edit menu 1, type in 1 in the main menu and press [ENTER]. Set the Route IP field to Yes by pressing
[SPACE BAR].
Menu 1 - General Setup
System Name= P650HW
Location= location
Contact Person's Name=
Domain Name=
Edit Dynamic DNS= No
Route IP= Yes
Bridge= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 3-6 Menu 1 — General Setup
3.8
TCP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP
Use menu 3.2 to configure your Prestige for TCP/IP.
To edit menu 3.2, enter 3 from the main menu to display Menu 3 — Ethernet Setup. When menu 3
appears, press 2 and press [ENTER] to display Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup, as
shown next:
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Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
DHCP Setup:
DHCP= Server
Client IP Pool Starting Address= 192.168.1.33
Size of Client IP Pool= 32
Primary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Secondary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Remote DHCP Server= N/A
TCP/IP Setup:
IP Address= 192.68.1.1
IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.0
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-1
Multicast= None
IP Policies=
Edit IP Alias= No
First address in
the IP Pool
Size of the IP
Pool
IP addresses of
the DNS
servers
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
This is the IP
address of the
Prestige
Figure 3-7 Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
Follow the instructions in the following table on how to configure the DHCP fields.
Table 3-2 DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
DHCP Setup
DHCP If set to Server, your Prestige can assign IP addresses, an IP
default gateway and DNS servers to Windows 95, Windows NT and
other systems that support the DHCP client.
If set to None, the DHCP server will be disabled.
If set to Relay, the Prestige acts as a surrogate DHCP server and
relays DHCP requests and responses between the remote server
and the clients. Enter the IP address of the actual, remote DHCP
server in the Remote DHCP Server in this case.
Server
(default)
When DHCP is used, the following items need to be set:
Client IP Pool Starting This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP
Address address pool.
Size of Client IP Pool This field specifies the size or count of the IP address pool.
192.168.1.33
32
Primary DNS Server Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are
passed to the DHCP clients along with the IP address and the
Secondary DNS Server subnet mask.
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Table 3-2 DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Primary DNS Server Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are
passed to the DHCP clients along with the IP address and the
Secondary DNS Server subnet mask.
Remote DHCP Server If Relay is selected in the DHCP field above then enter the IP
address of the actual remote DHCP server here.
Follow the instructions in the following table to configure TCP/IP parameters for the Ethernet port.
Table 3-3 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
TCP/IP Setup
IP Address Enter the (LAN) IP address of your Prestige in dotted decimal
notation
IP Subnet Mask Your Prestige will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on
the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing
subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the Prestige.
RIP Direction Press [SPACE BAR] to select the RIP direction. Choices are
Both, In Only, Out Only or None.
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192.168.1.1
255.255.255.0
Both
(default)
Version Press [SPACE BAR] to select the RIP version. Choices are RIP-1,
RIP-2B or RIP-2M.
RIP-1
(default)
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a session-layer protocol
used to establish membership in a Multicast group. The Prestige
supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and version 2 ( IGMP-v2).
Press the [SPACE BAR] to enable IP Multicasting or select None
to disable it.
None
(default)
IP Policies Create policies using SMT menu 25 (see the IP Policy Routing
chapter) and apply them on the Prestige LAN interface here. You
can apply up to four IP Policy sets (from twelve) by entering their
numbers separated by commas.
2,4,7,9
Edit IP Alias The Prestige supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single
physical Ethernet interface with the Prestige itself as the gateway for
each LAN network. Press [SPACE BAR] to change No to Yes and
press [ENTER] to for menu 3.2.1
No
(default)
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press ENTER to Confirm…” to save
your configuration, or press [ESC] at any time to cancel.
3.9
Wireless LAN
Your Prestige comes with a PCMCIA wireless card slot for 802.11b wireless LAN connectivity. With the
wireless LAN feature you can configure your Prestige that allows wireless clients to communicate with any
computer on your wired Ethernet network or to connect to the Internet via ADSL.
3.9.1 Wireless LAN Parameters
Channel
You can choose the radio channels depending on your geographical area.
ESS ID
Wireless LANs can be as simple as two computers with wireless network interface cards (NICs)
communicating in a peer-to-peer network or as complex as a number of computers with wireless NICs
communicating through access points (APs), which bridge network traffic to the wired LAN. You can setup
the Prestige as an AP in a peer-to-peer network.
Extended Service Set (ESS) is defined as one or more APs that connect to a specific wired Ethernet LAN
and their associated wireless clients. The ESS ID is a unique ID given to the access point and the wireless
clients that participate in the same wireless network. You can think the EES ID as being similar to a
workgroup name in a Microsoft network.
RTS Threshold
The RTS Threshold prevents the hidden node problem. Hidden node problem occurs when two stations are
within the range of the same access point, but are not within the range of each other. The following figure
illustrates the hidden node problem. Both stations (STA) are within the range of the AP, however, they
cannot hear each other. Therefore, they are considered as hidden nodes from each other. When a station
starts data transmission with the access point, it might not know that the other station is already using the
wireless medium. When these two stations send data at the same time, they might collide when arriving
simultaneously at the AP. The collision will most certainly results in a loss of messages for both stations.
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Figure 3-8 RTS Threshold
Thus, the RTS Threshold mechanism provides a solution to prevent data collisions. When you enable RTS
Threshold on a possible hidden station, this station and its AP will use a Request to Send/Clear to Send
protocol (RTS/CTS). The station will send an RTS message to the AP, informing that it is going to transmit
the data. Upon receipt, the Access Point will respond with a CTS message to all stations within its range to
notify all other stations to defer transmission. It will also confirm with the requesting station that the AP has
reserved it for the time frame of the requested transmission.
The RTS function will be activated if the packet size exceeds the value you set. It is highly recommended
that you set the value ranging from 0 to 2432.
Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could
negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy.
Fragmentation Threshold
Fragmentation improves the efficiency when high traffic flows along in the wireless network.
WEP
The 11 Mbps wireless LAN provides powerful features such as WEP security. ZyXEL recommends that
you change the ESSID setting of all devices on your network to a unique value, not the default value. A
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further improvement in security can be obtained by using Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) data encryption.
However, there may be a significant degradation of the data throughput on the wireless link when WEP is
enabled.
3.9.2 Wireless LAN Setup
Use menu 3.5 to set up your Prestige as the wireless access point. To edit menu 3.5, enter 3 from the main
menu to display Menu 3 – LAN Setup. When menu 3 appears, press 5 and then press [ENTER] to display
Menu 3.5 – Wireless LAN Setup as shown next.
Menu 3.5- Wireless LAN Setup
ESSID= Wireless
Hide ESSIS = No
Channel ID= CH01 2412MHz
RTS Threshold= 2432
Frag. Threshold= 2432
WEP= Disable
Default Key= N/A
Key1= N/A
Key2= N/A
Key3= N/A
Key4= N/A
Edit MAC Address Filter= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 3-9 Menu 3.5 - Wireless LAN Setup
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 3-4 Wireless LAN Setup Field Description
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXMAPLE
Wireless
ESSID
The ESSID (Extended Service Set IDentification) identifies the service set the
wireless client is to connect to. Wireless clients associating to the Access Point
must have the same ESSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 characters) for
the wireless Service Set.
Hide ESSID
Press [SPACE BAR] and select Yes to hide the ESSID in the outgoing beacon
frame so a station cannot obtain the ESSID through passive scanning.
No
CH01
2412MHz
Channel ID
Press [SPACE BAR] to select a channel. This allows you to set the operating
frequency/channel depending on your particular region.
Possible choices are CH01 2412MHz, CH02 2417MHz, CH03 2422MHzCH11
2462MHz CH04 2427MHz, CH05 2432MHz, CH06 2437MHz, CH07 2442MHz,
CH08 2447MHz, CH09 2452MHz, CH10 2457MHz or CH11 2462MHz.
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Table 3-4 Wireless LAN Setup Field Description
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXMAPLE
2432
RTS
Threshold
RTS(Request To Send) threshold (number of bytes) enables RTS/CTS
handshake. Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the
RTS/CTS handshake. Setting this attribute to be larger than the maximum
MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) size turns off the RTS/CTS handshake.
Setting this attribute to zero turns on the RTS/CTS handshake. Enter a value
between 0 and 2432.
Frag.
Threshold
The threshold (number of bytes) for the fragmentation boundary for directed
messages. It is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Enter a
value between 256 and 2432.
2432
WEP
Encryption
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) provides data encryption to prevent
unauthorized wireless stations from accessing data transmitted over the
wireless network.
Select Disable allows wireless clients to communicate with the access points
without any data encryption.
Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to for the type of data encryption.
Disable
Default Key Enter the number of the key as an active key.
Key 1 to
Key 4
If you chose 64-bit WEP in the WEP Encryption field, then enter 5 characters
or 10 hexadecimal digits ("0-9", "A-F") preceded by 0x for each key (1-4).
If you chose 128-bit WEP in the WEP Encryption field, then enter 13
characters or 26 hexadecimal digits ("0-9", "A-F") preceded by 0x for each key
(1-4).
There are four data encryption keys to secure your data from eavesdropping
by unauthorized wireless users. The values for the keys must be set up exactly
the same on the access points as they are on the wireless client computers.
Edit MAC
Address
Filter
To edit MAC address filtering table, press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and
press [ENTER] to open menu 3.5.1.
No
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
3.9.3 Wireless LAN MAC Address Filter
The next layer of security is MAC address filter. To allow a wireless client to associate with the Prestige,
enter the MAC address of the wireless LAN card on that wireless client in the MAC address table
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Menu 3.5.1 - WLAN MAC Address Filter
Active= No
Filter Action= Allowed Association
MAC Address Filter
Address 1= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 2= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 3= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 4= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 5= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 6= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 7= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 8= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 9= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 10= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 11= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Address 12= 00:00:00:00:00:00
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 3-10 Menu 3.5.1- WLAN MAC Address Filtering
Table 3-5 MAC Address Filter Field Description
FIELD
Active
DESCRIPTION
To enable MAC address filtering, press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and press [ENTER].
Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC address filter table.
Filter Action
To deny access to the Prestige, press [SPACE BAR] to select Deny Association and
press [ENTER]. MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to access the router.
The default action, Allowed Association, permits association with the Prestige. MAC
addresses not listed will be denied access to the router.
MAC Address Filter
Address 1..12
Enter the MAC addresses (in XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX format) of the client computers that are
allowed or denied access to the Prestige in these address fields.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC] to
cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
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3.10 Internet Access Setup
3.11 VPI and VCI
Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) numbers
supplied by your telephone company. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the Appendices for more
information.
3.12 Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to use the
multiplexing method required by your ISP.
3.12.1 VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit, for example,
VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments where dynamic creation of
large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
3.12.2 LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each
packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this method may be advantageous if it
is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on
the number of simultaneous VCs.
3.13 Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The Prestige supports the following
methods.
3.13.1 ENET ENCAP
The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the IP network
protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN interface and then formatted so
that they can be understood in a bridged environment for instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames
into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the Ethernet
Encapsulation Gateway field in menu 4 and in the Rem IP Addr field in menu 11.1. You can get this
information from your ISP.
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3.13.2 PPP over Ethernet
PPPoE provides access control and billing functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP.
The Prestige bridges a PPP session over Ethernet (PPP over Ethernet, RFC 2516) from your computer to an
ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) which connects to an xDSL Access Concentrator where the PPP
session terminates. One PVC can support any number of PPP sessions from your LAN. For more
information on PPPoE, see the Appendices.
3.13.3 PPPoA
Please refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPP over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). Refer to
RFC 1661 for more information on PPP.
3.13.4 RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5).
The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based
multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual
circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer to the RFC for more detailed information.
3.14 IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different
one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have either a dynamic or
static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices for IP Address and ENET
ENCAP Gateway.
3.14.1 Using PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation
If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A).
If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and not the ENET ENCAP
Gateway field.
3.14.2 Using RFC 1483 Encapsulation
In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP Address and
ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.
3.14.3 Using ENET ENCAP Encapsulation
In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP Address and
ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a dynamic IP, the Prestige acts as a
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DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable
(N/A) as they are assigned to the Prestige by the DHCP server.
3.15 Internet Access Configuration
Menu 4 allows you to enter the Internet Access information in one screen. Menu 4 is actually a simplified
setup for one of the remote nodes that you can access in menu 11. Before you configure your Prestige for
Internet access, you need to collect your Internet account information from your ISP and telephone
company.
Use the following table to record your Internet Account Information. Note that if you are using PPPoA or
PPPoE encapsulation, then the only ISP information you need is a login name and password. You only need
to know the Ethernet Encapsulation Gateway IP address if you are using ENET ENCAP encapsulation.
Table 3-6 Internet Account Information
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
System Name
Name of the Prestige (optional).
Service Name
(PPPoE
Encapsulation)
Enter the PPPoE service name if the ISP supplies one.
Enter “any” if the ISP does not assign you one.
Encapsulation
PPPoE, RFC1483, PPPoA or ENET ENCAP.
Multiplexing
LLC-based or VC-based. If this information is not
given, use the default.
VPI
Enter your Virtual Path Identifier here.
VCI
Enter your Virtual Channel Identifier here.
My Login
Enter the login name assigned by your ISP (for
PPPoA/PPPoE only).
My Password
Enter the password associated with your ISP assigned
My Login (for PPPoA/PPPoE only).
Idle Timeout
(PPPoE or PPPoA)
Enter the time lapse, in seconds, before you
automatically disconnect from the PPPoE or PPPoA
server.
IP Address
Enter if your IP address is not dynamically assigned.
Network Address
Translation
Full Feature, SUA Only or None.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 3-6 Internet Account Information
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
DNS Server
Address
Assignment
Primary DNS server
Secondary DNS server
Enter when using RFC 1483 Encapsulation or a static
IP address.
ENET ENCAP
Gateway
IP Address
Gateway IP Address
Enter when using ENET ENCAP Encapsulation.
YOUR INFO
3.15.1 Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average rate and
“burstiness” or fluctuation of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps eliminate
congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and video connections.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter may be lower
(but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits), so a maximum speed of
832 Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not guaranteed because it is dependent on
the line speed.
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of a bursty, on-off traffic source that can be sent at the peak
rate, and a parameter for burst-type traffic. SCR may not be greater than the PCR; the system default is 0
cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. After MBS is
reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At this time, more cells (up to
the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of “0”, the system will assign a
maximum value that correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
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Figure 3-11 Example of Traffic Shaping
From the main menu, type 4 to display Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup, as shown next.
Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup
ISP's Name= MyISP
Encapsulation= ENET ENCAP
Multiplexing= LLC-based
VPI #= 8
VCI #= 35
ATM QoS Type= CBR
Peak Cell Rate (PCR)= 0
Sustain Cell Rate (SCR)= 0
Maximum Burst Size (MBS)= 0
My Login= N/A
My Password= N/A
ENET ENCAP Gateway= N/A
IP Address Assignment= Dynamic
IP Address= N/A
Network Address Translation= SUA Only
Address Mapping Set= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press ENTER to confirm or ESC to cancel:
Figure 3-12 Internet Access Setup
The following table contains instructions on how to configure your Prestige for Internet access.
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Table 3-7 Internet Access Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
ISP’s Name
Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider. This
information is for identification purposes only.
Encapsulation
Press [SPACE BAR] to select the method of encapsulation
used by your ISP. Choices are PPPoE, PPPoA, RFC 1483 or
ENET ENCAP.
Multiplexing
Press [SPACE BAR] to select the method of multiplexing
used by your ISP. Choices are VC-based or LLC-based.
VPI #
Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) that the telephone
company gives you.
8
VCI #
Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) that the telephone
company gives you.
35
ATM QoS Type
Press [SPACE BAR] and select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to
specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth. Select UBR (Unspecified
Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time sensitive, such as
e-mail.
CBR
Peak Cell Rate (PCR)
This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells.
Type the PCR.
0
Sustain Cell Rate
(SCR)= 0
Sustained Cell Rate is the mean cell rate of a bursty, on-off
traffic source that can be sent at the peak rate, and a
parameter for burst-type traffic. Type the SCR; it must be less
than the PCR.
0
Refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the
peak rate. Type the MBS. The MBS must be less than 65535.
0
My Login
Configure the My Login and My Password fields for PPPoA
and PPPoE encapsulation only. Enter the login name that your
ISP gives you. If you are using PPPoE encapsulation, then this
field must be of the form user@domain where domain
identifies your PPPoE service name.
N/A
My Password
Enter the password associated with the login name above.
N/A
ENET ENCAP
Gateway
Enter the gateway IP address supplied by your ISP when you
are using ENET ENCAP encapsulation.
N/A
Idle Timeout
This value specifies the number of idle seconds that elapse
before the Prestige automatically disconnects the PPPoE
session.
Maximum Burst Size
(MBS)= 0
Internet Access
MyISP
ENET ENCAP
LLC-based
0
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Table 3-7 Internet Access Setup Menu Fields
FIELD
IP Address
Assignment
IP Address
DESCRIPTION
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Static or Dynamic address
assignment.
Enter the IP address supplied by your ISP if applicable.
EXAMPLE
Dynamic
10.11.12.13
Network Address
Translation
Press [SPACE BAR] to select None, SUA Only or Full
Feature. Please see the NAT Chapter for more details on the
SUA (Single User Account) feature.
SUA Only
Address Mapping Set
Type the numbers of mapping sets (1-8) to use with NAT. See
the NAT chapter for details.
N/A
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press ENTER to Confirm…” to save
your configuration, or press [ESC] at any time to cancel.
If all your settings are correct your Prestige should connect automatically to the Internet. If the connection
fails, note the error message that you receive on the screen and take the appropriate troubleshooting steps.
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Advanced Applications
Part II:
ADVANCED APPLICATIONS
This part shows how to configure Remote Node, Remote Node TCP/IP and NAT.
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Chapter 4
Remote Node Configuration
This chapter covers the parameters that are protocol-independent. Protocol-dependent
configuration (TCP/IP and Bridging) is covered in the following chapters.
A remote node is required for placing calls to a remote gateway. A remote node represents both the remote
gateway and the network behind it across a WAN connection. When you use menu 4 to set up Internet
access, you are configuring one of the remote nodes.
4.1
Remote Node Setup
This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote node.
4.1.1 Remote Node Profile
To configure a remote node, follow these steps:
Step 1.
From the main menu, enter 11 to display Menu 11 - Remote Node Setup.
Step 2.
When menu 11 appears, as shown in the following figure, type the number of the remote node
that you want to configure.
Remote Node Configuration
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Menu 11 - Remote Node Setup
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
My ISP (ISP, SUA)
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
Enter Node # to Edit:
Figure 4-1 Menu 11 — Remote Node Setup
4.1.2 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios
For Internet access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your ISP. For
LAN-to-LAN applications, for example, between a branch office and corporate headquarters, prior
agreement on methods is necessary because encapsulation and multiplexing cannot be automatically
determined. What method(s) you use depends on how many VCs you have and how many different network
protocols you need. The extra overhead that ENET ENCAP encapsulation entails makes it a poor choice in
a LAN-to-LAN application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.
Scenario 1.
One VC, Multiple Protocols
PPPoA (RFC-2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination because no extra
protocol identifying headers are needed. The PPP protocol already contains this information.
Scenario 2.
One VC, One Protocol (IP)
Selecting RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of overhead (0
octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the future, it may be safer to
select PPPoA encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you do not need to reconfigure either computer later.
Scenario 3.
Multiple VCs
If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC-1483
encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.
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Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)
A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic demand.
The Prestige does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The first is that idle timeout is
disabled. The second is that the Prestige will try to bring up the connection when turned on and whenever
the connection is down. A nailed-up connection can be very expensive for obvious reasons.
Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service or you need a
constant connection and the cost is of no concern
Remote Node Configuration
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Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Profile
Rem Node Name= myISP
Active= Yes
Route= IP
Bridge= No
Encapsulation= ENET ENCAP
Multiplexing= LLC-based
Service Name= N/A
Incoming:
Rem Login= N/A
Rem Password= N/A
Outgoing:
My Login= N/A
My Password= N/A
Authen= N/A
Edit IP/Bridge= No
Edit ATM Options= No
Telco Option:
Allocated Budget(min)= N/A
Period (hr)= N/A
Schedule Sets= N/A
Nailed-Up Connection= N/A
Session Options:
Edit Filter Sets= No
Idle Timeout (sec)= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 4-2 Menu 11.1 — Remote Node Profile
In Menu 11.1 – Remote Node Profile, fill in the fields as described in the following table.
Table 4-1 Remote Node Profile Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Rem Node Name
Type a unique, descriptive name of up to eight
characters for this node.
Active
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Yes to
activate or No to deactivate this node. Inactive nodes
are displayed with a minus sign “–“ in SMT menu 11.
Yes
Encapsulation
PPPoA refers to RFC-2364 (PPP Encapsulation over
ATM Adaptation Layer 5).
If RFC-1483 (Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM
Adaptation Layer 5) of ENET ENCAP are selected,
then the Rem Login, Rem Password, My Login, My
Password and Authen fields are not applicable (N/A).
ENET ENCAP
Multiplexing
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select the
method of multiplexing that your ISP uses, either VCbased or LLC-based.
LLC-based
Service Name
When using PPPoE encapsulation, type the name of
your PPPoE service here.
N/A
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Table 4-1 Remote Node Profile Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Incoming:
Rem Login
Rem Password
EXAMPLE
Type the login name that this remote node will use to
call your Prestige. The login name and the Rem
Password will be used to authenticate this node.
Type the password used when this remote node calls
your Prestige.
Outgoing:
My Login
My Password
Authen
Type the login name assigned by your ISP when the
Prestige calls this remote node.
Type the password assigned by your ISP when the
Prestige calls this remote node.
This field sets the authentication protocol used for
outgoing calls. Options for this field are:
CHAP/PAP – Your Prestige will accept either CHAP or
PAP when requested by this remote node.
CHAP – accept CHAP (Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol) only.
PAP – accept PAP (Password Authentication Protocol)
only.
Route
This field determines the protocol used in routing.
Options are IP and None.
Bridge
When bridging is enabled, your Prestige will forward any
packet that it does not route to this remote node;
otherwise, the packets are discarded. Select Yes to
enable and No to disable.
No
Edit IP/Bridge
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and press [ENTER]
to display Menu 11.3 – Remote Node Network Layer
Options.
No
Edit ATM Options
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and press [ENTER]
to display Menu 11.6 – Remote Node ATM Layer
Options.
No
Telco Option
This sets a ceiling for outgoing call time for this remote
node. The default for this field is 0 meaning no budget
control.
Allocated Budget (min)
Period (hr)
Remote Node Configuration
This field is the time period that the budget should be
t F
l if
ll
dt
ll thi
t
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 4-1 Remote Node Profile Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
reset. For example, if we are allowed to call this remote
node for a maximum of 10 minutes every hour, then the
Allocated Budget is (10 minutes) and the Period (hr)
is 1 (hour).
Schedule Sets
Nailed up Connection
Session Options
Edit Filter Sets
Idle Timeout (sec)
This field is only applicable for PPPoE and PPPoA
encapsulation. You can apply up to four schedule sets
here. For more details please refer to the Call Schedule
Setup chapter.
This field is only applicable for PPPoE and PPPoA
encapsulation. This field specifies if you want to make
the connection to this remote node a nailed-up
connection. More details are given earlier in this
section.
Use [SPACE BAR] to choose Yes and press [ENTER]
to open menu 11.5 to edit the filter sets. See the
Remote Node Filter section for more details.
No
(default)
Type the number of seconds (0-9999) that can elapse
when the Prestige is idle (there is no traffic going to the
remote node), before the Prestige automatically
disconnects the remote node. 0 means that the session
will not timeout.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
4.1.3 Outgoing Authentication Protocol
For obvious reasons, you should employ the strongest authentication protocol possible. However, some
vendors’ implementation includes specific authentication protocol in the user profile. It will disconnect if
the negotiated protocol is different from that in the user profile, even when the negotiated protocol is
stronger than specified. If the peer disconnects right after a successful authentication, make sure that you
specify the correct authentication protocol when connecting to such an implementation.
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4.2
Remote Node Setup
For the TCP/IP parameters, perform the following steps to edit Menu 11.3 – Remote Node Network
Layer Options as shown next.
Step 1.
In menu 11.1, make sure IP is among the protocols in the Route field.
Step 2.
Move the cursor to the Edit IP/Bridge field, press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes, then press
[ENTER] to display Menu 11.3 – Remote Node Network Layer Options.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
IP Address Assignment= Dynamic
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
NAT= Full Feature
Address Mapping Set= 2
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= None
Version= RIP-1
Multicast= None
IP Policies= 3,4,5,6
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout (min)= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 4-3 Remote Node Network Layer Options
The next table explains fields in Menu 11.3 – Remote Node Network Layer Options.
Table 4-2 Remote Node Network Layer Options
FIELD
DESCRIPTITON
IP Address
Assignment
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Dynamic if the remote
node is using a dynamically assigned IP address or Static if it is using a
static (fixed) IP address. You will only be able to configure this in the ISP
node (also the one you configure in menu 4),all other nodes are set to
Static.
Rem IP Addr
This is the IP address you entered in the previous menu.
Rem Subnet
Mask
Type the subnet mask assigned to the remote node.
Remote Node Configuration
EXAMPLE
Dynamic
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Table 4-2 Remote Node Network Layer Options
FIELD
My WAN
Addr
DESCRIPTITON
EXAMPLE
Some implementations, especially UNIX derivatives, require separate IP
network numbers for the WAN and LAN links and each end to have a
unique address within the WAN network number. In that case, type the IP
address assigned to the WAN port of your Prestige.
NOTE: Refers to local Prestige address, not the remote router address.
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Full Feature if you have
multiple public WAN IP addresses for your Prestige.
NAT
SUA Only
Select SUA Only if you have just one public WAN IP address for your
Prestige. The SMT uses Address Mapping Set 255 (menu 15.1 - see
section 7.3.1).
Select None to disable NAT.
Address
Mapping Set
When Full Feature is selected in the NAT field, configure address
mapping sets in menu 15.1. Select one of the NAT server sets (2-10) in
menu 15.2 (see the NAT chapter for details) and type that number here.
2
When SUA Only is selected in the NAT field, the SMT uses NAT server set
1 in menu 15.2 (see the NAT chapter for details).
Metric
The metric represents the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes. IP
routing uses hop count as the cost measurement, with a minimum of 1 for
directly connected networks. Type a number that approximates the cost for
this link. The number need not be precise, but it must be between 1 and
15. In practice, 2 or 3 is usually a good number.
2
Private
This determines if the Prestige will include the route to this remote node in
its RIP broadcasts. If set to Yes, this route is kept private and not included
in RIP broadcast. If No, the route to this remote node will be propagated to
other hosts through RIP broadcasts.
No
RIP
Direction
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select the RIP Direction.
Options are Both, In Only, Out Only or None.
None
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select the RIP version. Options
are RIP-1, RIP-2B or RIP-2M.
RIP-1
Multicast
IGMP-v1 sets IGMP to version 1, IGMP-v2 sets IGMP to version 2 and
None disables IGMP.
None
IP Policies
You can apply up to four IP Policy sets (from 12) by typing in their numbers
separated by commas. Configure the filter sets in menu 25 first (see the IP
Policy Routing chapter) and then apply them here.
Version
4-8
3, 4, 5, 6
Remote Node Configuration
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 4-2 Remote Node Network Layer Options
FIELD
DESCRIPTITON
EXAMPLE
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
4.3
Remote Node Filter
Move the cursor to the Edit Filter Sets field in menu 11.1, then press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes. Press
[ENTER] to display Menu 11.5 – Remote Node Filter.
Use Menu 11.5 – Remote Node Filter to specify the filter set(s) to apply to the incoming and outgoing
traffic between this remote node and the Prestige and also to prevent certain packets from triggering calls.
You can specify up to 4 filter sets separated by comma, for example, 1, 5, 9, 12, in each filter field.
Note that spaces are accepted in this field. The Prestige has a prepackaged filter set, NetBIOS_WAN, that
blocks NetBIOS packets (call protocol filter = 1). Include this in the call filter sets if you want to prevent
NetBIOS packets from triggering calls to a remote node.
Menu 11.5 - Remote Node Filter
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 11, 12
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 4-4 Menu 11.5 — Remote Node Filter (RFC 1483 or ENET Encapsulation)
Remote Node Configuration
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Menu 11.5 - Remote Node Filter
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 11, 12
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Call Filter Sets:
Protocol filters=
Device filters=
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 4-5 Menu 11.5 — Remote Node Filter (PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation)
If you set the filters using Internet Security screen in the web configurator, only
protocol filter number 11 and 12 will be applied.
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Chapter 5
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
This chapter shows a sample LAN-to-LAN application and how to configure TCP/IP remote node.
5.1
TCP/IP Configuration
The following sections describe how to configure the TCP/IP parameters of a remote node.
5.1.1 Editing TCP/IP Options
Follow the steps shown next to edit Menu 11.6 – Remote Node ATM Layer Options.
In menu 11.1, move the cursor to the Edit ATM Options field and then press [SPACE BAR] to select
Yes. Press [ENTER] to display Menu 11.6 – Remote Node ATM Layer Options.
There are two versions of menu 11.6 for the Prestige, depending on whether you chose VC-based/LLCbased multiplexing and PPP encapsulation in menu 11.1.
VC-based Multiplexing
For VC-based multiplexing, by prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for
example, VC1 will carry IP. Separate VPI and VCI numbers must be specified for each protocol.
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
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Menu 11.6 - Remote Node ATM Layer Options
VPI/VCI (VC-Multiplexing)
VC Options for IP:
VPI #= 0
VCI #= 35
ATM QoS Type= UBR
Peak Cell Rate (PCR)= 0
Sustain Cell Rate (SCR)= 0
Maximum Burst Size (MBS)= 0
VC Options for Bridge:
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 36
ATM QoS Type= N/A
Peak Cell Rate (PCR)= N/A
Sustain Cell Rate (SCR)= N/A
Maximum Burst Size (MBR)= N/A
Separate VPI and
VCI numbers must
be specified.
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 5-1 Menu 11.6 for VC-based Multiplexing
LLC-based Multiplexing or PPP Encapsulation
For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol
identifying information being contained in each packet header.
Menu 11.6 - Remote Node ATM Layer Options
VPI/VCI (LLC-Multiplexing or PPP-Encapsulation)
VPI #= 8
VCI #= 35
ATM QoS Type= UBR
Peak Cell Rate (PCR)= 0
Sustain Cell Rate (SCR)= 0
Maximum Burst Size (MBS)= 0
.
Only one set of VPI
and VCI numbers
needs to be
specified.
ENTER here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 5-2 Menu 11.6 for LLC-based Multiplexing or PPP Encapsulation
In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for all protocols. The valid range for
the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (1 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
traffic).
The following figure uses sample IP addresses to help you understand the field of My Wan Addr in menu
11.3. Refer to the previous figure LAN and WAN IPs for a brief review of what a WAN IP is. My WAN
Addr indicates the local Prestige WAN IP while Rem IP Addr indicates the peer WAN IP.
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Figure 5-3 Sample IP Addresses for a TCP/IP LAN-to-LAN Connection
To configure the TCP/IP parameters of a remote node, first configure fields in Menu 11.1 – Remote Node
Profile, as shown in the following table. For more details on the IP Option fields, refer to Internet Access.
Table 5-1 TCP/IP-Related Fields in Menu 11.1 — Remote Node Profile
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Route
Make sure IP is among the protocols in the Route field in Menu 11.1 –
Remote Node Profile.
IP
Edit
IP/Bridge
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and press [ENTER] to display menu.
Yes
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
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Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
IP Address Assignment= Static
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
NAT= Full Feature
Address Mapping Set=2
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
Multicast= IGMP-v2
IP Policies=
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout (min)= 0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 5-4 Remote Node Network Layer Options
The following table shows the fields in Menu 11.3 — Remote Node Network Layer Options.
Table 5-2 TCP/IP Remote Node Configuration
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
IP Address
Assignment
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Dynamic if the remote
node is using a dynamically assigned IP address or Static if it is using a
static (fixed) IP address. You will only be able to configure this in the
ISP node (the first node); all other nodes are set to Static.
Static
Rem IP Addr
This is the IP address of the remote gateway. Type the remote
Prestige’s WAN IP address here (172.16.02 in the example Figure 5-3
shown previously). If the remote Prestige’s WAN IP address is 0.0.0.0,
then type 192.168.1.1 (its LAN IP address) here.
0.0.0.0
(default)
Rem Subnet
Mask
Type the subnet mask assigned to the remote node.
0.0.0.0
(default)
My WAN Addr
Some implementations, especially UNIX derivatives, require separate
IP network numbers for the WAN and LAN links and each end to have a
unique address within the WAN network number. In that case, type the
IP address assigned to the WAN port of your Prestige.
NOTE: Refers to local Prestige address, not the remote router address.
NAT
5-4
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Full Feature if you
have multiple public WAN IP addresses for your Prestige.
Full
Feature
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 5-2 TCP/IP Remote Node Configuration
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Select SUA Only if you have just one public WAN IP address for your
Prestige. The SMT uses Address Mapping Set 255 (menu 15.1 - see
section 7.3.1).
Select None to disable NAT.
Address
Mapping Set
When Full Feature is selected in the NAT field, configure address
mapping sets in menu 15.1. Select one of the NAT server sets (2-10) in
menu 15.2 (see the NAT chapter for details) and type that number here.
2
When SUA Only is selected in the NAT field, the SMT uses NAT server
set 1 in menu 15.2 (see the NAT chapter for details).
Metric
The metric represents the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes.
IP routing uses hop count as the cost measurement, with a minimum of
1 for directly connected networks. Type a number that approximates the
cost for this link. The number need not be precise, but it must be
between 1 and 15. In practice, 2 or 3 is usually a good number.
2
Private
This determines if the Prestige will include the route to this remote node
in its RIP broadcasts. If set to Yes, this route is kept private and not
included in RIP broadcast. If No, the route to this remote node will be
propagated to other hosts through RIP broadcasts.
Yes
RIP Direction
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select the RIP Direction.
Options are Both, In Only, Out Only or None.
Both
Version
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select the RIP version.
Options are RIP-1, RIP-2B or RIP-2M.
RIP-2B
Multicast
IGMP-v1 sets IGMP to version 1, IGMP-v2 sets IGMP to version 2 and
None disables IGMP.
IGMP-v2
IP Policies
You can apply up to four IP Policy sets (from 12) by typing in their
numbers separated by commas.
3, 4, 5, 6
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
5.1.2 IP Static Route Setup
Static routes tell the Prestige routing information that it cannot learn automatically through other means.
This can arise in cases where RIP is disabled on the LAN or a remote network is beyond the one that is
directly connected to a remote node.
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Each remote node specifies only the network to which the gateway is directly connected and the Prestige
has no knowledge of the networks beyond. For instance, the Prestige knows about network N2 in the
following figure through remote node Router 1. However, the Prestige is unable to route a packet to
network N3 because it does not know that there is a route through remote node Router 1 (via Router 2). The
static routes allow you to tell the Prestige about the networks beyond the remote nodes.
Figure 5-5 Sample Static Routing Topology
Configuration
Step 1.
To configure an IP static route, use Menu 12 – Static Route Setup (shown next).
Menu 12 - Static Route Setup
1. IP Static Route
3. Bridge Static Route
Please enter selection:
Figure 5-6 Menu 12 — Static Route Setup
Step 2.
5-6
From menu 12, select 1 to open Menu 12.1 — IP Static Route Setup (shown next).
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 12.1 - IP Static Route Setup
1. ________
2. ________
3. ________
4. ________
5. ________
6. ________
7. ________
8. ________
9. ________
10. ________
11. ________
12. ________
13. ________
14. ________
15. ________
16. ________
Enter selection number:
Figure 5-7 Menu 12.1 — IP Static Route Setup
Step 3.
Now, type the route number of a static route you want to configure.
Menu 12.1.1 - Edit IP Static Route
Route #: 1
Route Name= ?
Active= No
Destination IP Address= ?
IP Subnet Mask= ?
Gateway IP Address= ?
Metric= 2
Private= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 5-8 Edit IP Static Route
The following table describes the fields for Menu 12.1.1 – Edit IP Static Route Setup.
Table 5-3 Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Route #
This is the index number of the static route that you chose in menu 12.1.
Route Name
Type a descriptive name for this route. This is for identification purpose only.
Active
This field allows you to activate/deactivate this static route.
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
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Table 5-3 Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Destination IP Address
This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination.
Routing is always based on network number. If you need to specify a route to
a single host, use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask field
to force the network number to be identical to the host ID.
IP Subnet Mask
Type the subnet mask for this destination. Follow the discussion on IP Subnet
Mask in this manual.
Gateway IP Address
Type the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of
your Prestige that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the
gateway must be a router on the same segment as your Prestige; over WAN,
the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote nodes.
Metric
Metric represents the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes. IP routing
uses hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of 1 for directly
connected networks. Type a number that approximates the cost for this link.
The number need not be precise, but it must be between 1 and 15. In practice,
2 or 3 is usually a good number.
Private
This parameter determines if the Prestige will include the route to this remote
node in its RIP broadcasts. If set to Yes, this route is kept private and is not
included in RIP broadcasts. If No, the route to this remote node will be
propagated to other hosts through RIP broadcasts.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
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Chapter 6
Bridging Setup
This chapter shows you how to configure the bridging parameters of your Prestige.
6.1
Bridging in General
Bridging bases the forwarding decision on the MAC (Media Access Control), or hardware address, while
routing does it on the network layer (IP) address. Bridging allows the Prestige to transport packets of
network layer protocols that it does not route, for example, SNA, from one network to another. The caveat
is that, compared to routing, bridging generates more traffic for the same network layer protocol, and it also
demands more CPU cycles and memory.
For efficiency reasons, do not turn on bridging unless you need to support protocols other than IP on your
network. For IP, enable the routing if you need it; do not bridge what the Prestige can route.
6.2
Bridge Ethernet Setup
Basically, all non-local packets are bridged to the WAN. Your Prestige does not support IPX.
6.2.1 Remote Node Bridging Setup
Follow the procedure in another section to configure the protocol-independent parameters in Menu 11.1 –
Remote Node Profile. For bridging-related parameters, you need to configure Menu 11.3 – Remote Node
Network Layer Options.
To setup Menu 11.3 – Remote Node Network Layer Options shown in the next figure, follow these steps:
Step 1.
In menu 11.1, make sure the Bridge field is set to Yes.
Step 2.
Move the cursor to the Edit IP/Bridge field, then press [SPACE BAR] to set the value to Yes
and press [ENTER] to edit Menu 11.3 – Remote Node Network Layer Options.
Bridging Setup
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Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
IP Address Assignment= Static
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
NAT= Full Feature
Address Mapping Set=2
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
Multicast= IGMP-v2
IP Policies=
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout (min)= 0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 6-1 Menu 11.3 — Remote Node Bridging Options
Table 6-1 Remote Node Bridge Options
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Bridge (menu 11.1)
Make sure this field is set to Yes.
Edit IP/Bridge (menu
11.1)
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and press [ENTER] to display menu 11.3.
Ethernet Addr Timeout
(min.) (menu 11.3)
Type the time (in minutes) for the Prestige to retain the Ethernet Address
information in its internal tables while the line is down. If this information is
retained, your Prestige will not have to recompile the tables when the line
comes back up.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
6.2.2 Bridge Static Route Setup
Similar to network layer static routes, a bridging static route tells the Prestige the route to a node before a
connection is established. You configure bridge static routes in menu 12.3.1 (go to menu 12, choose option
3, then choose a static route to edit) as shown next.
6-2
Bridging Setup
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 12.3.1 - Edit Bridge Static Route
Route #: 1
Route Name=
Active= No
Ether Address= ?
IP Address=
Gateway Node= 1
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 6-2 Menu 12.3.1 — Edit Bridge Static Route
The following table describes the Edit Bridge Static Route menu.
Table 6-2 Edit Bridge Static Route Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Route #
This is the route index number you typed in Menu 12.3 – Bridge Static Route Setup.
Route Name
Type a name for the bridge static route for identification purposes.
Active
Indicates whether the static route is active (Yes) or not (No).
Ether Address
Type the MAC address of the destination computer that you want to bridge the
packets to.
IP Address
If available, type the IP address of the destination computer that you want to bridge
the packets to.
Gateway Node
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select the number of the remote node (one
to eight) that is the gateway of this static route.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
Bridging Setup
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Chapter 7
Network Address Translation (NAT)
This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the Prestige.
7.1
Introduction
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in a
packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a different IP
address known within another network.
7.1.1 NAT Definitions
Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the Prestige, for example, the computers of your
subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the outside hosts.
Global/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for example, the
local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local network, while the global
address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN side.
Note that inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while global/local refers to the IP address of a host
used in a packet. Thus, an inside local address (ILA) is the IP address of an inside host in a packet when
the packet is still in the local network, while an inside global address (IGA) is the IP address of the same
inside host when the packet is on the WAN side. The following table summarizes this information.
Table 7-1 NAT Definitions
ITEM
DESCRIPTION
Inside
This refers to the host on the LAN.
Outside
This refers to the host on the WAN.
Local
This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the LAN.
Global
This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the WAN.
NAT
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NAT never changes the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host.
7.1.2 What NAT Does
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber (the inside
local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the WAN side. When
the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside global address) back to the
inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note that the IP address (either local or
global) of an outside host is never changed.
The global IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically assigned by the ISP. In
addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web server and a telnet server, on your local network
and make them accessible to the outside world. Although you can make designated servers on the LAN
accessible to the outside world, it is strongly recommended that you attach those servers to the DMZ port
instead. If you do not define any servers (for Many-to-One and Many-to-Many Overload mapping – see
Table 7-2), NAT offers the additional benefit of firewall protection. With no servers defined, your Prestige
filters out all incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. For more
information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT).
7.1.3 How NAT Works
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets, the ILA
(Inside Local Address) is the source address on the LAN, and the IGA (Inside Global Address) is the source
address on the WAN. For incoming packets, the ILA is the destination address on the LAN, and the IGA is
the destination address on the WAN. NAT maps private (local) IP addresses to globally unique ones
required for communication with hosts on other networks. It replaces the original IP source address (and
TCP or UDP source port numbers for Many-to-One and Many-to-Many Overload NAT mapping) in each
packet and then forwards it to the Internet. The Prestige keeps track of the original addresses and port
numbers so incoming reply packets can have their original values restored. The following figure illustrates
this.
7-2
NAT
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Figure 7-1 How NAT Works
7.1.4 NAT Application
The following figure illustrates a possible NAT application, where three inside LANs (logical LANs using
IP Alias) behind the Prestige can communicate with three distinct WAN networks. More examples follow at
the end of this chapter.
NAT
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Figure 7-2 NAT Application With IP Alias
7.1.5 NAT Mapping Types
NAT supports five types of IP/port mapping. They are:
1.
One to One: In One-to-One mode, the Prestige maps one local IP address to one global IP address.
2.
Many to One: In Many-to-One mode, the Prestige maps multiple local IP addresses to one global IP
address. This is equivalent to SUA (for instance, PAT, port address translation), ZyXEL’s Single User
Account feature that previous ZyXEL routers supported (the SUA Only option in today’s routers).
3.
7-4
Many to Many Overload: In Many-to-Many Overload mode, the Prestige maps the multiple local IP
addresses to shared global IP addresses.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
4.
Many-to-Many No Overload: In Many-to-Many No Overload mode, the Prestige maps each local IP
address to a unique global IP address.
5.
Server: This type allows you to specify inside servers of different services behind the NAT to be
accessible to the outside world although, it is highly recommended that you use the DMZ port for these
servers instead.
Port numbers do not change for One-to-One and Many-to-Many No Overload NAT
mapping types.
The following table summarizes these types.
Table 7-2 NAT Mapping Types
TYPE
IP MAPPING
SMT ABBREVIATION
One-to-One
ILA1ÅÆ IGA1
1:1
Many-to-One (SUA/PAT)
ILA1ÅÆ IGA1
M:1
ILA2ÅÆ IGA1
…
Many-to-Many Overload
ILA1ÅÆ IGA1
M:M Ov
ILA2ÅÆ IGA2
ILA3ÅÆ IGA1
ILA4ÅÆ IGA2
…
Many-to-Many No Overload
ILA1ÅÆ IGA1
M:M No OV
ILA2ÅÆ IGA2
ILA3ÅÆ IGA3
…
Server
Server 1 IPÅÆ IGA1
Server
Server 2 IPÅÆ IGA1
Server 3 IPÅÆ IGA1
NAT
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7.2
Using NAT
7.2.1 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT
SUA (Single User Account) is a ZyNOS implementation of a subset of NAT that supports two types of
mapping, Many-to-One and Server. See section 7.3.1 for a detailed description of the NAT set for SUA.
The Prestige also supports Full Feature NAT to map multiple global IP addresses to multiple private LAN
IP addresses of clients or servers using mapping types as outlined in Table 7-2.
1. Choose SUA Only if you have just one public WAN IP address for your Prestige.
2. Choose Full Feature if you have multiple public WAN IP addresses for your Prestige.
7.2.2 Applying NAT
You apply NAT via menus 4 or 11.3 as displayed next. The next figure shows you how to apply NAT for
Internet access in menu 4. Enter 4 from the main menu to go to Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup.
Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup
ISP's Name= test
Encapsulation= RFC 1483
Multiplexing= LLC-based
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 1
Service Name= N/A
My Login= N/A
My Password= N/A
NAT= SUA Only
Address Mapping Set= N/A
IP Address Assignment= Static
IP Address= 0.0.0.0
ENET ENCAP Gateway= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 7-3 Menu 4 — Applying NAT for Internet Access
The following figure shows how you apply NAT to the remote node in menu 11.1.
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Step 1.
Enter 11 from the main menu.
Step 2.
Move the cursor to the Edit IP/IPX/Bridge field, press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes and then
press [ENTER] to bring up Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
IP Address Assignment = Dynamic
Rem IP Addr = 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= N/A
NAT= SUA Only
Address Mapping Set= N/A
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= None
Version= RIP-1
Multicast= None
IP Policies=
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout(min)= N/A
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 7-4 Menu 11.3 — Applying NAT to the Remote Node
The following table describes the options for Network Address Translation.
Table 7-3 Applying NAT in Menus 4 & 11.3
FIELD
NAT
DESCRIPTION
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Full Feature if you
have multiple public WAN IP addresses for your Prestige. The SMT
uses the address mapping set that you configure and enter in the
Address Mapping Set field (menu 15.1 - see section 7.3.1).
Select None to disable NAT.
When you select SUA Only, the SMT uses Address Mapping Set 255
(menu 15.1 - see section 7.3.1). Choose SUA Only if you have just
one public WAN IP address for your Prestige.
NAT
EXAMPLE
Full Feature
None
SUA Only
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7.3
NAT Setup
Use the Address Mapping Sets menus and submenus to create the mapping table used to assign global
addresses to computers on the LAN. You can see two NAT Address Mapping sets in menu 15.1. You can
only configure Set 1. Set 255 is used for SUA. When you select Full Feature in menu 4 or 11.3, the
SMT will use Set 1, which supports all mapping types as outlined in Table 7-2. When you select SUA
Only, the SMT will use the pre-configured Set 255 (read only).
The Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports. To use this set (one set for the
Prestige 10), a server rule must be set up inside the NAT Address Mapping set. Please see section 7.4 for
further information on these menus. To configure NAT, enter 15 from the main menu to bring up the
following screen.
Menu 15 — NAT Setup
1.
2.
Address Mapping Sets
NAT Server Sets
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 7-5 Menu 15 — NAT Setup
7.3.1 Address Mapping Sets
Enter 1 to bring up Menu 15.1 — Address Mapping Sets.
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Menu 15.1 - Address Mapping Sets
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
255. SUA (read only)
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 7-6 Menu 15.1 — Address Mapping Sets
SUA Address Mapping Set
Enter 255 to display the next screen (see also section 7.2.1). The fields in this menu cannot be changed.
NAT
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Menu 15.1.255 - Address Mapping Rules
Set Name=
Idx
--1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Local Start IP
--------------0.0.0.0
Local End IP
--------------255.255.255.255
Global Start IP
--------------0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
Global End IP
---------------
Type
-----M-1
Server
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-7 Menu 15.1.255 — SUA Address Mapping Rules
The following table explains the fields in this screen.
Menu 15.1.255 is read-only.
Table 7-4 SUA Address Mapping Rules
FIELD
Set Name
This is the name of the set you selected in menu
15.1 or enter the name of a new set you want to
create.
Idx
This is the index or rule number.
Local Start IP
Local Start IP is the starting local IP address (ILA)
(see Figure 7-1).
Local End IP is the ending local IP address (ILA).
If the rule is for all local IPs, then the Start IP is
0.0.0.0 and the End IP is 255.255.255.255.
Local End IP
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DESCRIPTION
Global Start IP
This is the starting global IP address (IGA). If you
have a dynamic IP, enter 0.0.0.0 as the Global
Start IP.
Global End IP
This is the ending global IP address (IGA).
Type
These are the mapping types discussed above
(see Table 7-2). Server allows us to specify
multiple servers of different types behind NAT to
this machine. See later for some examples.
EXAMPLE
SUA
1
0.0.0.0
255.255.255.255
0.0.0.0
Server
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 7-4 SUA Address Mapping Rules
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Once you have finished configuring a rule in this menu, press [ENTER] at the message “Press
ENTER to Confirm…” to save your configuration, or press [ESC] to cancel.
User-Defined Address Mapping Sets
Now let’s look at option 1 in menu 15.1. Enter 1 to bring up this menu. We’ll just look at the differences
from the previous menu. Note the extra Action and Select Rule fields mean you can configure rules in this
screen. Note also that the [?] in the Set Name field means that this is a required field and you must enter a
name for the set.
Menu 15.1.1 - Address Mapping Rules
Set Name= NAT_SET
Idx
--1.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Local Start IP
---------------
Local End IP
---------------
Action= Edit
Global Start IP
---------------
Global End IP
---------------
Type
------
Select Rule=
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-8 Menu 15.1.1 — First Set
If the Set Name field is left blank, the entire set will be deleted.
NAT
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The Type, Local and Global Start/End IPs are configured in menu 15.1.1.1
(described later) and the values are displayed here.
Ordering Your Rules
Ordering your rules is important because the Prestige applies the rules in the order that you specify. When a
rule matches the current packet, the Prestige takes the corresponding action and the remaining rules are
ignored. If there are any empty rules before your new configured rule, your configured rule will be pushed
up by that number of empty rules. For example, if you have already configured rules 1 to 6 in your current
set and now you configure rule number 9. In the set summary screen, the new rule will be rule 7, not 9.
Now if you delete rule 4, rules 5 to 7 will be pushed up by 1 rule, so as old rule 5 becomes rule 4, old rule 6
becomes rule 5 and old rule 7 becomes rule 6.
Table 7-5 Fields in Menu 15.1.1
FIELD
DESRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Set Name
Enter a name for this set of rules. This is a required field. If this field
is left blank, the entire set will be deleted.
NAT_SET
Action
The default is Edit. Edit means you want to edit a selected rule (see
following field). Insert Before means to insert a rule before the rule
selected. The rules after the selected rule will then be moved down
by one rule. Delete means to delete the selected rule and then all the
rules after the selected one will be advanced one rule. None disables
the Select Rule item.
Edit
Select Rule
When you choose Edit, Insert Before or Delete in the previous field
the cursor jumps to this field to allow you to select the rule to apply
the action in question.
1
You must press [ENTER] at the bottom of the screen to save the whole set. You
must do this again if you make any changes to the set – including deleting a rule.
No changes to the set take place until this action is taken.
Selecting Edit in the Action field and then selecting a rule brings up the following menu, Menu 15.1.1.1 Address Mapping Rule in which you can edit an individual rule and configure the Type, Local and
Global Start/End IPs.
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An End IP address must be numerically greater than its corresponding IP Start
address.
Menu 15.1.1.1 Address Mapping Rule
Type= One-to-One
Local IP:
Start=
End = N/A
Global IP:
Start=
End = N/A
Server Mapping Set= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 7-9 Menu 15.1.1.1 — Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set
Table 7-6 Menu 15.1.1.1 — Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Type
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select from a total
of five types. These are the mapping types discussed in Table
7-2. Server allows you to specify multiple servers of different
types behind NAT to this computer. See section 7.5.3 for an
example.
One-to-One
Local IP
Only local IP fields are N/A for server; Global IP fields MUST
be set for Server.
Start
End
This is the starting local IP address (ILA).
This is the ending local IP address (ILA). If the rule is for all
local IPs, then put the Start IP as 0.0.0.0 and the End IP as
255.255.255.255. This field is N/A for One-to-One and Server
types.
0.0.0.0
N/A
Global IP
Start
NAT
This is the starting global IP address (IGA). If you have a
dynamic IP, enter 0.0.0.0 as the Global IP Start. Note that
Global IP Start can be set to 0.0.0.0 only if the types are
0.0.0.0
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Table 7-6 Menu 15.1.1.1 — Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set
FIELD
Start
End
Server
Mapping
Set
DESCRIPTION
This is the starting global IP address (IGA). If you have a
dynamic IP, enter 0.0.0.0 as the Global IP Start. Note that
Global IP Start can be set to 0.0.0.0 only if the types are
Many-to-One or Server.
This is the ending global IP address (IGA). This field is N/A for
One-to-One, Many-to-One and Server types.
EXAMPLE
0.0.0.0
N/A
Only available when Type is set to Server. Type a number
from 1 to 10 to choose a server set from menu 15.2.
Once you have finished configuring a rule in this menu, press [ENTER] at the message “Press
ENTER to Confirm…” to save your configuration, or press [ESC] to cancel.
7.4
NAT Server Sets – Port Forwarding
A NAT server set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP, that you
can make visible to the outside world even though NAT makes your whole inside network appear as a
single machine to the outside world.
Use Menu 15 - NAT Setup to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network.
You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP address of
the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web service is on port 80 and FTP on
port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one server can support more than one service
(for example both FTP and web service), it might be better to specify a range of port numbers.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request that does
not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the default is not defined,
the service request is simply discarded.
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Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
The most often used port numbers are shown in the following table. Please refer to RFC 1700 for further
information about port numbers. Please also refer to the included disk for more examples and details on
NAT.
Table 7-7 Services & Port Numbers
SERVICES
PORT NUMBER
ECHO
7
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
21
Telnet
23
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
25
DNS (Domain Name System)
53
Finger
79
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer protocol or WWW, Web)
80
POP3 (Post Office Protocol)
110
NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol)
119
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
161
SNMP trap
162
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)
1723
7.4.1 Configuring a Server behind NAT
Follow these steps to configure a server behind NAT:
Step 1.
Enter 15 in the main menu to go to Menu 15 - NAT Setup.
Step 2.
Enter 2 to display Menu 15.2 - NAT Server Sets as shown next.
NAT
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Menu 15.2 - NAT Server Sets
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
1 (Used for SUA Only)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Enter Set Number to Edit:
Figure 7-10 Menu 15.2 — NAT Server Setup
Step 3.
Enter 1 to go to Menu 15.2.1 NAT Server Setup as follows.
Menu 15.2.1 - NAT Server Setup
Rule
Start Port No.
End Port No.
IP Address
--------------------------------------------------1.
Default
Default
0.0.0.0
2.
21
25
192.168.1.33
3.
0
0
0.0.0.0
4.
0
0
0.0.0.0
5.
0
0
0.0.0.0
6.
0
0
0.0.0.0
7.
0
0
0.0.0.0
8.
0
0
0.0.0.0
9.
0
0
0.0.0.0
10.
0
0
0.0.0.0
11.
0
0
0.0.0.0
12.
0
0
0.0.0.0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-11 Menu 15.2.1 — NAT Server Setup
Step 4.
7-16
Enter a port number in an unused Start Port No field. To forward only one port, enter it again
in the End Port No field. To specify a range of ports, enter the last port to be forwarded in the
End Port No field.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Step 5.
Enter the inside IP address of the server in the IP Address field. In the following figure, you
have a computer acting as an FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (ports 21, 23 and 25) at
192.168.1.33.
Step 6.
Press [ENTER] at the “Press ENTER to confirm …” prompt to save your configuration after
you define all the servers or press [ESC] at any time to cancel.
Figure 7-12 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example
NAT
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7.5
General NAT Examples
7.5.1 Example 1: Internet Access Only
In the following Internet access example, you only need one rule where your ILAs (Inside Local addresses)
all map to one dynamic IGA (Inside Global Address) assigned by your ISP.
Figure 7-13 NAT Example 1
Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup
ISP's Name= ChangeMe
Encapsulation= RFC-1483
Multiplexing= LLC-based
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 1
ATM QoS Type= UBR
Peak Cell Rate (PCR)= 5500
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR)= 0
Maximum Burst Size (MBS)= 0
My Login= N/A
My Password= N/A
ENET ENCAP Gateway= N/A
IP Address Assignment= Static
IP Address= 0.0.0.0
Network Address Translation= SUA Only
Address Mapping Set=
Figure 7-14 Menu 4 — Internet Access & NAT Example
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From menu 4, choose the SUA Only option from the Network Address Translation field. This is the
Many-to-One mapping discussed in section 7.5. The SUA Only read-only option from the Network
Address Translation field in menus 4 and 11.3 is specifically pre-configured to handle this case.
7.5.2 Example 2: Internet Access with an Inside Server
Figure 7-15 NAT Example 2
In this case, you do exactly as above (use the convenient pre-configured SUA Only set) and also go to
menu 15.2 to specify the Inside Server behind the NAT as shown in the next figure.
NAT
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Menu 15.2.1 - NAT Server Setup (Used for SUA Only)
Rule
Start Port No.
End Port No.
IP Address
--------------------------------------------------1.
Default
Default
192.168.1.10
2.
0
0
0.0.0.0
3.
0
0
0.0.0.0
4.
0
0
0.0.0.0
5.
0
0
0.0.0.0
6.
0
0
0.0.0.0
7.
0
0
0.0.0.0
8.
0
0
0.0.0.0
9.
0
0
0.0.0.0
10.
0
0
0.0.0.0
11.
0
0
0.0.0.0
12.
0
0
0.0.0.0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-16 Menu 15.2.1 — Specifying an Inside Server
7.5.3 Example 3: Multiple Public IP Addresses With Inside Servers
In this example, there are 3 IGAs from our ISP. There are many departments but two have their own FTP
server. All departments share the same router. The example will reserve one IGA for each department with
an FTP server and all departments use the other IGA. Map the FTP servers to the first two IGAs and the
other LAN traffic to the remaining IGA. Map the third IGA to an inside web server and mail server. Four
rules need to be configured, two bi-directional and two uni-directional as follows.
Rule 1.
Map the first IGA to the first inside FTP server for FTP traffic in both directions (1 : 1
mapping, giving both local and global IP addresses).
Rule 2.
Map the second IGA to our second inside FTP server for FTP traffic in both directions (1 : 1
mapping, giving both local and global IP addresses).
Rule 3.
Map the other outgoing LAN traffic to IGA3 (Many : 1 mapping).
Rule 4.
You also map your third IGA to the web server and mail server on the LAN. Type Server
allows you to specify multiple servers, of different types, to other computers behind NAT on the
LAN.
The example situation looks somewhat like this:
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Figure 7-17 NAT Example 3
Step 1.
In this case you need to configure Address Mapping Set 1 from Menu 15.1 - Address Mapping
Sets. Therefore you must choose the Full Feature option from the Network Address
Translation field (in menu 4 or menu 11.3) in The following figure shows how to configure the
first rule .
Step 2.
Then enter 15 from the main menu.
Step 3.
Enter 1 to configure the Address Mapping Sets.
Step 4.
Enter 1 to begin configuring this new set. Enter a Set Name, choose the Edit Action and then
enter 1 for the Select Rule field. Press [ENTER] to confirm.
Step 5.
Select Type as One-to-One (direct mapping for packets going both ways), and enter the local
Start IP as 192.168.1.10 (the IP address of FTP Server 1), the global Start IP as 10.132.50.1
(our first IGA). (See Figure 7-19).
Step 6.
Repeat the previous step for rules 2 to 4 as outlined above.
NAT
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Step 7.
7-22
When finished, menu 15.1.1 should look like as shown in .
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
IP Address Assignment= Static
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
NAT= Full Feature
Address Mapping Set= 2
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
Multicast= IGMP-v2
IP Policies=
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout (min)= 0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-18 Example 3: Menu 11.3
Menu 15.1.1.1 Address Mapping Rule
Type= One-to-One
Local IP:
Start= 192.168.1.10
End = N/A
Global IP:
Start= 10.132.50.1
End = N/A
Server Mapping Set= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
The following figure shows how to configure the first rule
Figure 7-19 Example 3: Menu 15.1.1.1
NAT
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Menu 15.1.1 - Address Mapping Rules
Set Name= Example3
Idx Local Start IP
--- --------------1. 192.168.1.10
2 192.168.1.11
3. 0.0.0.0
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Local End IP
--------------255.255.255.255
Action= Edit
Global Start IP
--------------10.132.50.1
10.132.50.2
10.132.50.3
10.132.50.3
Global End IP
---------------
Type
-----1-1
1-1
M-1
Server
Select Rule=
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-20 Example 3: Final Menu 15.1.1
Now configure the IGA3 to map to our web server and mail server on the LAN.
Step 8.
Enter 15 from the main menu.
Step 9.
Enter 2 in Menu 15 - NAT Setup.
Step 10. Enter 1 in Menu 15.2 - NAT Server Sets to see the following menu. Configure it as shown.
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Menu 15.2.1 - NAT Server Setup
Rule
Start Port No.
End Port No.
IP Address
--------------------------------------------------1.
Default
Default
0.0.0.0
2.
80
80
192.168.1.21
3.
25
25
192.168.1.20
4.
0
0
0.0.0.0
5.
0
0
0.0.0.0
6.
0
0
0.0.0.0
7.
0
0
0.0.0.0
8.
0
0
0.0.0.0
9.
0
0
0.0.0.0
10.
0
0
0.0.0.0
11.
0
0
0.0.0.0
12.
0
0
0.0.0.0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Example 3: Menu 15.2.1
7.5.4 Example 4: NAT Unfriendly Application Programs
Some applications do not support NAT Mapping using TCP or UDP port address translation. In this case it
is better to use Many-to-Many No Overload mapping as port numbers do not change for Many-toMany No Overload (and One-to-One) NAT mapping types. The following figure illustrates this.
Figure 7-21 NAT Example 4
NAT
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Other applications such as some gaming programs are NAT unfriendly because
they embed addressing information in the data stream. These applications won’t
work through NAT even when using One-to-One and Many-to-Many No Overload
mapping types.
Follow the steps outlined in example 3 to configure these two menus as follows.
Menu 15.1.1.1 Address Mapping Rule
Type= Many-to-Many No Overload
Local IP:
Start= 192.168.1.10
End = 192.168.1.12
Global IP:
Start= 10.132.50.1
End = 10.132.50.3
Server Mapping Set= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-22 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1.1 — Address Mapping Rule
After you’ve configured your rule, you should be able to check the settings in menu 15.1.1 as shown next.
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Menu 15.1.1 - Address Mapping Rules
Set Name= Example4
Idx
--1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Local Start IP
--------------192.168.1.10
Local End IP
--------------192.168.1.12
Action= Edit
Global Start IP
--------------10.132.50.1
Global End IP
--------------10.132.50.3
Type
-----M:M NO OV
Select Rule=
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 7-23 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1 — Address Mapping Rules
NAT
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Advanced Management
Part III:
ADVANCED MANAGEMENT
This part discusses Filtering, SNMP, System Information and Diagnosis, Firmware and
Configuration File Maintenance, System Maintenance and Information, IP Policy Routing, Call
Scheduling and Remote Management.
III
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 8
Filter Configuration
This chapter shows you how to create and apply filters.
8.1
About Filtering
Your Prestige uses filters to decide whether or not to allow passage of a data packet and/or to make a call.
There are two types of filter applications: data filtering and call filtering. Filters are subdivided into device
and protocol filters, which are discussed later.
Data filtering screens data to determine if the packet should be allowed to pass. Data filters are divided into
incoming and outgoing filters, depending on the direction of the packet relative to a port. Data filtering can
be applied on either the WAN side or the Ethernet side. Call filtering is used to determine if a packet should
be allowed to trigger a call.
Outgoing packets must undergo data filtering before they encounter call filtering. Call filters are divided
into two groups, the built-in call filters and user-defined call filters. Your Prestige has built-in call filters
that prevent administrative, for example, RIP packets from triggering calls. These filters are always enabled
and not accessible to you. Your Prestige applies the built-in filters first and then the user-defined call filters,
if applicable, as shown next.
Filter Configuration
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Call Filtering
Outgoing
Packet
No
match
Data
Match
Drop
packet
No
match
Built-in
default
Call Filters
Match
Drop packet
if line not up
No
match
User-defined
Call Filters
(if applicable)
Active Data
Initiate call
if line not up
Send packet
and reset
Idle Timer
Match
Drop packet
if line not up
Or
Or
Send packet
but do not reset
Idle Timer
Send packet
but do not reset
Idle Timer
Figure 8-1 Outgoing Packet Filtering Process
Two sets of factory filter rules have been configured in menu 21 to prevent NetBIOS traffic from triggering
calls. A summary of their filter rules is shown in the figures that follow.
The following figure illustrates the logic flow when executing a filter rule.
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Start
Packet
intoFilter
Fetch First
Filter Set
Filter Set
Fetch Next
Filter Set
Fetch First
Filter Rule
Fetch Next
Filter Rule
Yes
Yes
Yes
Next Filter Set
Available?
No
Next filter
Rule
Available?
No
Active?
Yes
No
Check
Next
Rule
Execute
Filter Rule
Forward
Drop
Drop Packet
Accept Packet
Figure 8-2 Filter Rule Process
You can apply up to four filter sets to a particular port to block various types of packets. Because each filter
set can have up to six rules, you can have a maximum of 24 rules active for a single port.
Filter Configuration
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For incoming packets, your Prestige applies data filters only. Packets are processed depending on whether a
match is found. The following sections describe how to configure filter sets.
The Filter Structure of the Prestige
A filter set consists of one or more filter rules. Usually, you would group related rules, for example, all the
rules for NetBIOS, into a single set and give it a descriptive name. You can configure up to twelve filter
sets with six rules in each set, for a total of 72 filter rules in the system.
8.2
Configuring a Filter Set
To configure a filter set, follow the steps shown next.
Step 1.
Enter 21 in the main menu to display Menu 21 – Filter Set Configuration.
Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration
Filter
Set #
-----1
2
3
4
5
6
Comments
----------------NetBIOS_WAN
NetBIOS_LAN
TELNET_WAN
PPPoE
FTP_WAN
Filter
Set #
-----7
8
9
10
11
12
Comments
----------------_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
WebSet
Enter Filter Set Number to Configure= 0
Edit Comments= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 8-3 Menu 21 — Filter Set Configuration
Step 2.
Type the filter set to configure (no. 1 to 12) and press [ENTER].
Filter rule set 11 and 12 are used by the Web Configurator. Your custom
configurator may be lost if you use rule 11 or 12.
Step 3.
8-4
Type a descriptive name or comment in the Edit Comments field and press [ENTER].
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Step 4.
Press [ENTER] at the message “Press [ENTER] to confirm…” to display Menu 21.1 – Filter
Rules Summary (that is, if you selected filter set 1 in menu 21).
Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary
# A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- - ---- -------------------------------------------- --------- - - 1 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=137
N D N
2 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=138
N D N
3 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=139
N D N
4 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=137
N D N
5 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=138
N D N
6 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=139
N D F
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
Figure 8-4 NetBIOS_WAN Filter Rules Summary
Menu 21.2 - Filter Rules Summary
# A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- - ---- -------------------------------------------- --------- - - 1 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=137, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=53
N D F
2 Y
3 Y
4 Y
5 Y
6 Y
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
Figure 8-5 NetBIOS_LAN Filter Rules Summary
Filter Configuration
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Menu 21.3 - Filter Rules Summary
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- ---- --------------------------------------------------------------- - - Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=23
N D F
N
N
N
N
N
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure:
Figure 8-6 Telnet_WAN Filter Rules Summary
Menu 21.4 - Filter Rules Summary
# A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- - ---- --------------------------------------------------------------- - - 1 Y Gen Off=12, Len=2, Mask=ffff, Value=8863
N F N
2 Y Gen Off=12, Len=2, Mask=ffff, Value=8864
N F D
3 N
4 N
5 N
6 N
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure:
Figure 8-7 PPPoE Filter Rules Summary
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Menu 21.5 - Filter Rules Summary
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
A Type
- ---Y IP
N
N
N
N
N
Filter Rules
M m n
-------------------------------------------------------------- - - PR=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=21
N D F
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure:
Figure 8-8 FTP_WAN Filter Rules Summary
In filter rule 6, FTP_TELNET_WEB, the WEB means that HTTP and TFTP traffic are blocked.
Menu 21.12 - Filter Rules Summary
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
Y
N
N
N
N
N
Type
---IP
IP
IP
IP
Filter Rules
--------------------------------------------------------------Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=21
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=23
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=80
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=69
M
N
N
N
N
m
D
D
D
D
n
N
N
N
F
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
Figure 8-9 WebSet Filter Rules Summary
8.2.1 Filter Rules Summary Menus
The following tables briefly describe the abbreviations used in menus 21.1 and 21.2.
Filter Configuration
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Table 8-1 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
#
The filter rule number: 1 to 6.
A
Active: “Y” means the rule is active. “N” means the rule is inactive.
Type
The type of filter rule: “GEN” for Generic, “IP” for TCP/IP.
Filter Rules
These parameters are displayed here.
M
More.
“Y” means there are more rules to check which form a rule chain with the present rule.
An action cannot be taken until the rule chain is complete.
“N” means there are no more rules to check. You can specify an action to be taken for
instance, forward the packet, drop the packet or check the next rule. For the latter, the
next rule is independent of the rule just checked.
m
Action Matched.
“F” means to forward the packet immediately and skip checking the remaining rules.
“D” means to drop the packet.
“N“ means to check the next rule.
n
Action Not Matched.
“F” means to forward the packet immediately and skip checking the remaining rules.
“D” means to drop the packet.
“N” means to check the next rule.
The protocol dependent filter rules abbreviation are listed as follows:
Table 8-2 Rule Abbreviations Used
FILTER TYPE
DESCRIPTION
IP
Pr
Protocol
SA
Source Address
SP
Source Port Number
DA
Destination Address
DP
Destination Port Number
Off
Offset
Len
Length
GEN
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8.3
Configuring a Filter Rule
To configure a filter rule, type its number in Menu 21.1 – Filter Rules Summary and press [ENTER] to
open menu 21.1.1 for the rule.
There are two types of filter rules: TCP/IP and Generic. Depending on the type of rule, the parameters for
each type will be different. Use [SPACE BAR] to select the type of rule that you want to create in the
Filter Type field and press [ENTER] to open the respective menu.
To speed up filtering, all rules in a filter set must be of the same class, for instance, protocol filters or
generic filters. The class of a filter set is determined by the first rule that you create. When applying the
filter sets to a port, separate menu fields are provided for protocol and device filter sets. If you include a
protocol filter set in a device filters field or vice versa, the Prestige will warn you and will not allow you to
save.
8.3.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule
This section shows you how to configure a TCP/IP filter rule. TCP/IP rules allow you to base the rule on
the fields in the IP and the upper layer protocol, for example, UDP and TCP headers.
To configure TCP/IP rules, select TCP/IP Filter Rule from the Filter Type field and press [ENTER] to
open Menu 21.1.1 – TCP/IP Filter Rule, as shown next.
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Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule
Filter #: 1,1
Filter Type= TCP/IP Filter Rule
Active= Yes
IP Protocol= 6
IP Source Route= No
Destination: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
IP Mask= 0.0.0.0
Port #= 137
Port # Comp= Equal
Source: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
IP Mask= 0.0.0.0
Port #= 0
Port # Comp= None
TCP Estab= No
More= No
Log= None
Action Matched= Check Next Rule
Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 8-10 Menu 21.1.1 — TCP/IP Filter Rule
The following table describes how to configure your TCP/IP filter rule.
Table 8-3 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Filter #
This is the filter set, filter rule coordinates, for instance, 2,
3 refers to the second filter set and the third filter rule of
that set.
1,1
Filter Type
Use [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to choose a rule.
Parameters displayed for each type will be different.
Choices are TCP/IP Filter Rule or Generic Filter Rule.
TCP/IP Filter Rule
Active
Select Yes to activate or No to deactivate the filter rule.
No
(default)
IP Protocol
This is the upper layer protocol, for example, TCP is 6,
UDP is 17 and ICMP is 1. The value must be between 0
and 255. A value of O matches ANY protocol.
0 to 255
IP Source Route
IP Source Route is an optional header that dictates the
route an IP packet takes from its source to its destination.
If Yes, the rule applies to any packet with an IP source
route. The majority of IP packets do not have source
route.
No
(default)
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Table 8-3 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields
FIELD
Destination:
IP Addr
IP Mask
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Type the destination IP address of the packet you want to
filter. This field is ignored if it is 0.0.0.0.
IP address
Type the IP mask to apply to the Destination: IP Addr
field.
IP mask
Port #
Type the destination port of the packets you want to filter.
The field range is 0 to 65535. A 0 field is ignored.
0 to 65535
Port # Comp
Select the comparison to apply to the destination port in
the packet against the value given in Destination: Port #.
Choices are None, Less, Greater, Equal or Not Equal.
None
Source:
IP Addr
IP Mask
Port #
Port # Comp
Type the source IP Address of the packet you want to
filter. A 0.0.0.0 field is ignored.
Type the IP mask to apply to the Source: IP Addr field.
Type the source port of the packets you want to filter. The
range of this field is 0 to 65535. A 0 field is ignored.
Select the comparison to apply to the source port in the
packet against the value given in Source: Port # field.
Choices are None, Less, Greater, Equal or Not Equal.
IP address
IP mask
0 to 65535
None
TCP Estab
This applies only when the IP Protocol field is 6, TCP. If
Yes, the rule matches packets that want to establish TCP
connection(s) (SYN=1 and ACK=0); else it is ignored.
No
(default)
More
If Yes, a matching packet is passed to the next filter rule
before an action is taken or else the packet is disposed of
according to the action fields.
No
(default)
If More is Yes, then Action Matched and Action Not
Matched will be N/A.
Log
Select the logging option from the following:
None – No packets will be logged.
None
Action Matched – Only packets that match the rule
parameters will be logged.
Action Not Matched – Only packets that do not match
the rule parameters will be logged.
Both – All packets will be logged.
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Table 8-3 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Action Matched
Select the action for a matching packet. Choices are
Check Next Rule, Forward or Drop.
Check Next Rule
(default)
Action Not Matched
Select the action for a packet not matching the rule.
Choices are Check Next Rule, Forward or Drop.
Check Next Rule
(default)
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
The following figure illustrates the logic flow of an IP filter.
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Packet
into IP Filter
Filter Active?
No
Yes
Apply SrcAddrMask
to Src Addr
Check Src
IP Addr
Not Matched
Matched
Apply DestAddrMask
to Dest Addr
Check Dest
IP Addr
Not Matched
Matched
Check
IP Protocol
Not Matched
Matched
Check Src &
Dest Port
Not Matched
Matched
More?
Yes
No
Action Matched
Drop
Drop Packet
Action Not Matched
Check Next Rule
Check Next Rule
Drop
Forward
Forward
Check Next Rule
Accept Packet
Figure 8-11 Executing an IP Filter
Filter Configuration
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8.3.2 Generic Filter Rule
This section shows you how to configure a generic filter rule. The purpose of generic rules is to allow you
to filter non-IP packets. For IP, it is generally easier to use the IP rules directly.
For generic rules, the Prestige treats a packet as a byte stream as opposed to an IP packet. You specify the
portion of the packet to check with the Offset (from 0) and the Length fields, both in bytes. The Prestige
applies the Mask (bit-wise ANDing) to the data portion before comparing the result against the Value to
determine a match. The Mask and Value fields are specified in hexadecimal numbers. Note that it takes
two hexadecimal digits to represent a byte, so if the length is 4, the value in either field will take 8 digits,
for example, FFFFFFFF.
To configure a generic rule select an empty filter set in menu 21, for example 5. Select Generic Filter
Rule in the Filter Type field and press [ENTER] to open Menu 21.5.1 – Generic Filter Rule, as shown in
the following figure.
Menu 21.5.1 - Generic Filter Rule
Filter #: 5,1
Filter Type= Generic Filter Rule
Active= No
Offset= 0
Length= 0
Mask= N/A
Value= N/A
More= No
Log= None
Action Matched= Check Next Rule
Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 8-12 Menu 21.5.1 — Generic Filter Rule
The next table describes the fields in the Generic Filter Rule menu.
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Table 8-4 Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Filter #
This is the filter set, filter rule coordinates, for instance, 2, 3 refers to the
second filter set and the third rule of that set.
5,1
Filter Type
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select a type of rule.
Parameters displayed below each type will be different. Choices are
Generic Filter Rule or TCP/IP Filter Rule.
Active
Select Yes to turn on or No to turn off the filter rule.
No
(default)
Offset
Type the starting byte of the data portion in the packet that you want to
compare. The range for this field is from 0 to 255.
0
(default)
Length
Type the byte count of the data portion in the packet that you want to
compare. The range for this field is 0 to 8.
0
(default)
Mask
Type the mask (in Hexadecimal) to apply to the data portion before
comparison.
Value
Type the value (in Hexadecimal) to compare with the data portion.
More
If Yes, a matching packet is passed to the next filter rule before an action
is taken or else the packet is disposed of according to the action fields.
Generic Filter
Rule
No
(default)
If More is Yes, then Action Matched and Action Not Matched will be
N/A.
Log
Select the logging option from the following:
None – No packets will be logged.
Action Matched – Only matching packets and rules will be logged.
Action Not Matched – Only packets that do not match the rule
parameters will be logged.
Both – All packets will be logged.
None
Action
Matched
Select the action for a matching packet. Choices are Check Next Rule,
Forward or Drop.
Check Next
Rule
(default)
Action Not
Matched
Select the action for a packet not matching the rule. Choices are Check
Next Rule, Forward or Drop.
Check Next
Rule
(default)
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
Filter Configuration
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8.4
Filter Types and NAT
There are two classes of filter rules, Generic Filter Device rules and Protocol Filter (TCP/IP) rules.
Generic Filter rules act on the raw data from/to LAN and WAN. Protocol Filter rules act on IP packets.
When NAT (Network Address Translation) is enabled, the inside IP address and port number are replaced
on a connection-by-connection basis, which makes it impossible to know the exact address and port on the
wire. Therefore, the Prestige applies the protocol filters to the “native” IP address and port number before
NAT for outgoing packets and after NAT for incoming packets. On the other hand, the generic (or device)
filters are applied to the raw packets that appear on the wire. They are applied at the point where the
Prestige is receiving and sending the packets; for instance, the interface. The interface can be an Ethernet,
or any other hardware port. The following figure illustrates this.
Figure 8-13 Protocol and Device Filter Sets
8.5
Example Filter
Let’s look at an example to block outside users from telnetting into the Prestige. See the included disk for
example filters.
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Figure 8-14 Sample Telnet Filter
Step 1.
Enter 21 from the main menu to open Menu 21 — Filter Set Configuration.
Step 2.
Enter the index number of the filter set you want to configure (in this case 3).
Step 3.
Type a descriptive name or comment in the Edit Comments field (for example,
TELNET_WAN) and press [ENTER].
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Step 4.
Press [ENTER] at the message “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC] to cancel” to open Menu
21.3.1 — TCP/IP Filter Rule.
Menu 21.3.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule
Filter #: 3,1
Filter Type= TCP/IP Filter Rule
Active= Yes
IP Protocol= 6
IP Source Route= No
Destination: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
IP Mask= 0.0.0.0
Port #= 23
Port # Comp= Equal
Source: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
IP Mask= 0.0.0.0
Port #=
Port # Comp= None
TCP Estab= No
More= No
Log= None
Action Matched= Drop
Action Not Matched= Forward
Press [SPACE BAR] to choose this
filter rule type. The first filter rule
type determines all subsequent filter
types within a set.
Select Yes to make the rule active.
6 is the TCP protocol.
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
The port number for the telnet
service (TCP protocol) is 23. See
There are no
more rules to
Select Equal here
RFC-1060 for port numbers of well-
check.
as we are looking
known services.
for packets going
Select Drop here so that the
to port 23 only.
packet will be dropped if its
destination is the telnet port.
Select Forward here so that the packet will be forwarded if
its destination is not the telnet port and there are no more
rules in this filter set to check. Select Next if there are
more rules to check.
Figure 8-15 Sample Filter — Menu 21.3.1
Step 5.
Type 1 to configure the first filter rule. Make the entries in this menu as shown next.
When you press [ENTER] to confirm, the following screen appears. Note that there is only one filter rule in
this set.
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Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- ---- --------------------------------------------------------------- - - Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=23
N D F
N
N
N
N
N
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
This shows you that you have
M = N means an action can be taken immediately.
configured and activated (A = Y) a
The action is to drop the packet (m = D) if the
TCP/IP filter rule (Type = IP, Pr = 6)
action is matched and to forward the packet
for destination telnet ports (DP =
immediately (n = F) if the action is not matched no
23).
matter whether there are more rules to be
checked (there aren’t in this example).
Figure 8-16 Sample Filter Rules Summary — Menu 21.1
After you have created the filter set, you must apply it.
Step 1.
Enter 11 in the main menu to display menu 11 and type the remote node number to edit.
Step 2.
Go to the Edit Filter Sets field, press [SPACE BAR] to choose Yes and press [ENTER].
Step 3.
This brings you to menu 11.5. Apply the example filter set (for example, filter set 3) in this
menu as shown in the next section.
8.6
Applying Filters and Factory Defaults
This section shows you where to apply the filter(s) after you design it (them). Sets of factory default filter
rules have been configured in menu 21 (but have not been applied) to filter traffic.
Filter Configuration
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Table 8-5 Filter Sets Table
FILTER SETS
DESCRIPTION
Input Filter Sets:
Apply filters for incoming traffic. You may apply protocol or device
filter rules. See earlier in this chapter for information on filters.
Output Filter Sets:
Apply filters for traffic leaving the Prestige. You may apply filter rules
for protocol or device filters. See earlier in this section for
information on types of filters.
Call Filter Sets:
Apply filters to decide if a packet should be allowed to trigger a call.
8.6.1 Ethernet Traffic
You seldom need to filter Ethernet traffic; however, the filter sets may be useful to block certain packets,
reduce traffic and prevent security breaches. Go to menu 3.1 (shown next) and type the number(s) of the
filter set(s) that you want to apply as appropriate. You can choose up to four filter sets (from twelve) by
typing their numbers separated by commas, for example, 3, 4, 6, 11. The factory default filter set,
NetBIOS_LAN, is inserted in the protocol filters field under Input Filter Sets in menu 3.1 in order to
prevent local NetBIOS messages from triggering calls to the DNS server.
Menu 3.1 – LAN Port Filter Setup
Apply filter 2 to
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 2
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
block NETBIOS
traffic from the
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 8-17 Filtering Ethernet Traffic
8.6.2 Remote Node Filters
Go to menu 11.5 (shown next) and type the number(s) of the filter set(s) as appropriate. You can cascade up
to four filter sets by typing their numbers separated by commas. The factory default filter set,
NetBIOS_WAN, is inserted in the protocol filters field under Call Filter Sets in menu 11.5 to block local
NetBIOS traffic from triggering calls to the ISP.
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Menu 11.5 - Remote Node Filter
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 3
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 1
device filters=
Call Filter Sets:
Protocol filters=
Device filters=
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Apply filter 3 to block
Tel, FTP and Web
traffic from the WAN.
Apply filter 1 to block
NETBIOS traffic to
the WAN.
Figure 8-18 Filtering Remote Node Traffic
Note that call filter sets are visible when you select PPPoA or PPPoE encapsulation.
Filter Configuration
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Chapter 9
SNMP Configuration
This chapter explains SNMP Configuration menu 22.
SNMP is only available if TCP/IP is configured.
9.1
About SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol is a protocol used for exchanging management information between
network devices. SNMP is a member of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Your Prestige supports SNMP agent
functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and monitor the Prestige through the network. The
Prestige supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1). The next figure illustrates an SNMP management
operation. SNMP is only available if TCP/IP is configured.
Figure 9-1 SNMP Management Model
SNMP Configuration
9-1
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
An SNMP managed network consists of two main components: agents and a manager.
An agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the Prestige). An agent
translates the local management information from the managed device into a form compatible with SNMP.
The manager is the console through which network administrators perform network management functions.
It executes applications that control and monitor managed devices.
The managed devices contain object variables/managed objects that define each piece of information to be
collected about a device. Examples of variables include such as number of packets received, node port
status etc. A Management Information Base (MIB) is a collection of managed objects. SNMP allows a
manager and agents to communicate for the purpose of accessing these objects.
SNMP itself is a simple request/response protocol based on the manager/agent model. The manager issues a
request and the agent returns responses using the following protocol operations:
•
Get - Allows the manager to retrieve an object variable from the agent.
•
GetNext - Allows the manager to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an agent.
In SNMPv1, when a manager wants to retrieve all elements of a table from an agent, it initiates a Get
operation, followed by a series of GetNext operations.
•
Set - Allows the manager to set values for object variables within an agent.
•
Trap - Used by the agent to inform the manager of some events.
9.2
Supported MIBs
The Prestige supports RFC-1215 and MIB II as defined in RFC-1213. The focus of the MIBs is to let
administrators collect statistic data and monitor status and performance.
9.3
SNMP Configuration
To configure SNMP, select option 22 from the main menu to open Menu 22 — SNMP Configuration as
shown next. The “community” for Get, Set and Trap fields is SNMP terminology for password.
9-2
SNMP Configuration
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 22 - SNMP Configuration
SNMP:
Get Community= public
Set Community= public
Trusted Host= 0.0.0.0
Trap:
Community= public
Destination= 0.0.0.0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 9-2 Menu 22 — SNMP Configuration
The following table describes the SNMP configuration parameters.
Table 9-1 SNMP Configuration Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Get Community
Type the Get Community, which is the password for the incoming
Get- and GetNext requests from the management station.
public
Set Community
Type the Set community, which is the password for incoming Set
requests from the management station.
public
Trusted Host
If you enter a trusted host, your Prestige will only respond to SNMP
messages from this address. A blank (default) field means your
Prestige will respond to all SNMP messages it receives, regardless
of source.
0.0.0.0
SNMP:
Trap:
public
Community
Type the trap community, which is the password sent with each
trap to the SNMP manager.
Destination
Type the IP address of the station to send your SNMP traps to.
0.0.0.0
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
SNMP Configuration
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
9.4
SNMP Traps
The Prestige will send traps to the SNMP manager when any one of the following events occurs:
Table 9-2 SNMP Traps
TRAP #
TRAP NAME
DESCRIPTION
1
coldStart (defined in RFC-1215)
A trap is sent after booting (power on).
2
warmStart (defined in RFC-1215)
A trap is sent after booting (software reboot).
3
linkUp (defined in RFC-1215)
A trap is sent with the port number.
4
authenticationFailure (defined in
RFC-1215)
A trap is sent to the manager when receiving any SNMP
get or set requirements with wrong community (password).
6
linkDown (defined in RFC-1215)
A trap is sent with the port number when any of the links
are down. See the following table.
The port number is its interface index under the interface group.
Table 9-3 Ports and Permanent Virtual Circuits
9-4
PORT
PVC (PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT)
1
Ethernet LAN
2
1
3
2
…
…
13
12
14
xDSL
SNMP Configuration
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 10
System Information and Diagnosis
This chapter covers the information and diagnostic tools in SMT menus 24.1 to 24.4.
These tools include updates on system status, port status, log and trace capabilities and upgrades for the
system software. This chapter describes how to use these tools in detail.
Type 24 in the main menu to open Menu 24 – System Maintenance, as shown in the following figure.
Menu 24 - System Maintenance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
System Status
System Information
Log and Trace
Diagnostic
Backup Configuration
Restore Configuration
Upload Firmware
Command Interpreter Mode
Call Control
Time and Date Setting
Remote Management
Figure 10-1 Menu 24 — System Maintenance
10.1 System Status
The first selection, System Status gives you information on the status and statistics of the ports, as shown
next. System Status is a tool that can be used to monitor your Prestige. Specifically, it gives you
information on your ADSL telephone line status, number of packets sent and received.
To get to System Status, type 24 to go to Menu 24 — System Maintenance. From this menu, type 1.
System Status. There are two commands in Menu 24.1 — System Maintenance — Status. Entering 1
resets the counters; [ESC] takes you back to the previous screen.
The following table describes the fields present in Menu 24.1 — System Maintenance — Status which
are read-only and meant for diagnostic purposes.
System Information and Diagnosis
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance – Status
hh:mm:ss
Sat. Jan. 01, 2000
Node-Lnk
1-ENET
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Status
Up
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
TxPkts
211
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Errors
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
RxPkts
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Tx B/s
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Rx B/s
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Up Time
0:26:20
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
My WAN IP (from ISP) :
Ethernet:
Status: 10M/Half Duplex
Collisions: 0
CPU Load= 3.8%
Tx Pkts: 53
Rx Pkts: 36
Press Command:
COMMANDS: 1-Reset Counters
WAN:
Line Status: Up
Upstream Speed:
Downstream Speed:
0 Kbps
0 Kbps
ESC-Exit
Figure 10-2 Menu 24.1 — System Maintenance — Status
The following table describes the fields present in Menu 24.1 — System Maintenance — Status.
Table 10-1 System Maintenance — Status Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Node-Lnk
This is the node index number and link type. Link types are: PPP, ENET, 1483.
Status
Shows the status of the remote node.
TxPkts
The number of transmitted packets to this remote node.
RxPkts
The number of received packets from this remote node.
Errors
The number of error packets on this connection.
Tx B/s
Shows the transmission rate in bytes per second.
Rx B/s
Shows the receiving rate in bytes per second.
Up Time
Time this channel has been connected to the current remote node.
My WAN IP
(from ISP)
The IP address of the ISP remote node.
Ethernet
Shows statistics for the LAN.
10-2
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 10-1 System Maintenance — Status Menu Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Status
Shows the current status of the LAN.
Tx Pkts
The number of transmitted packets to the LAN.
Rx Pkts
The number of received packets from the LAN.
Collision
Number of collisions.
WAN
Shows statistics for the WAN.
Line Status
Shows the current status of the xDSL line which can be Up or Down.
Upstream
Speed
Shows the upstream transfer rate in kbps.
Downstream
Speed
Shows the downstream transfer rate in kbps.
CPU Load
Specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.
10.2 System Information
To get to the System Information:
Step 1.
Enter 24 to display Menu 24 — System Maintenance.
Step 2.
Enter 2 to display Menu 24.2 — System Information.
Step 3.
From this menu you have two choices as shown in the next figure:
Menu 24.2 - System Information
1. System Information
2. Console Port Speed
Please enter selection:
Figure 10-3 Menu 24.2 — System Information and Console Port Speed
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Console port speed is included here for use by experienced technicians only.
10.2.1 System Information
Enter 1 in menu 24.2 to display the screen shown next.
Menu 24.2.1 – System Maintenance – Information
Name:
Routing: IP
ZyNOS F/W Version: V3.40(ES.0)b8 | 11/20/2001
ADSL Chipset Vendor: Alcatel, Version 3.8.130
Standard: Multi-Mode
LAN
Ethernet Address: 00:a0:c5:01:23:45
IP Address: 192.168.1.1
IP Mask: 255.255.255.0
DHCP: Server
Press ESC or RETURN to Exit:
Figure 10-4 Menu 24.2.1 — System Maintenance — Information
Table 10-2 Fields in System Maintenance
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Name
Displays the system name of your Prestige. This information can be changed in
Menu 1 – General Setup.
Routing
Refers to the routing protocol used.
ZyNOS F/W Version
Refers to the ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) system firmware
version. ZyNOS is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications
Corporation.
ADSL Chipset Vendor
Displays the vendor of the ADSL chipset and DSL version.
Standard
This refers to the operational protocol the Prestige and the DSLAM (Digital
Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) are using.
LAN
Ethernet Address
IP Address
IP Mask
10-4
Refers to the Ethernet MAC (Media Access Control) of your Prestige.
This is the IP address of the Prestige in dotted decimal notation.
This shows the subnet mask of the Prestige.
System Information and Diagnosis
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 10-2 Fields in System Maintenance
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
DHCP
This field shows the DHCP setting (None, Relay or Server) of the Prestige.
10.3 Log and Trace
There are two logging facilities in the Prestige. The first is the error logs and trace records that are stored
locally. The second is the UNIX syslog facility for message logging.
10.3.1 Viewing Error Log
The first place you should look for clues when something goes wrong is the error log. Follow the
procedures to view the local error/trace log:
Step 1. Type 24 in the main menu to display Menu 24 – System Maintenance.
Step 2. From menu 24, type 3 to display Menu 24.3 – System Maintenance – Log and Trace.
Menu 24.3 - System Maintenance - Log and Trace
1. View Error Log
2. UNIX Syslog
Please enter selection
Figure 10-5 Menu 24.3 — System Maintenance — Log and Trace
Step 3.
Enter 1 from Menu 24.3 — System Maintenance — Log and Trace to display the error log in
the system.
After the Prestige finishes displaying the error log, you will have the option to clear it. Samples of typical
error and information messages are presented in the next figure.
59 Thu Jan 01
60 Thu Jan 01
61 Thu Jan 01
62 Thu Jan 01
63 Thu Jan 01
Clear Error Log
00:00:03
00:00:03
00:00:03
00:00:19
00:00:24
(y/n):
1970
1970
1970
1970
1970
PP0f INFO
PP00 -WARN
PP00 INFO
PP00 INFO
PP0a WARN
LAN promiscuous mode <0>
SNMP TRAP 0: cold start
main: init completed
SMT Session Begin
MPOA Link Down
Figure 10-6 Sample Error and Information Messages
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
10.3.2 Syslog and Accounting
The Prestige uses the UNIX syslog facility to log the CDR (Call Detail Record) and system messages to a
syslog server. Syslog and accounting can be configured in Menu 24.3.2 — System Maintenance — UNIX
Syslog, as shown next.
Menu 24.3.2 - System Maintenance - UNIX Syslog
UNIX Syslog:
Active= No
Syslog IP Address= ?
Log Facility= Local 1
Types:
CDR= No
Packet triggered= No
Filter Log= No
PPP Log= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 10-7 Menu 24.3.2 — System Maintenance — Syslog and Accounting
You need to configure the UNIX syslog parameters described in the following table to activate syslog then
choose what you want to log.
Table 10-3 System Maintenance Menu — Syslog Parameters
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
UNIX Syslog:
Active
Syslog IP Address
Log Facility
Use [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to turn syslog on or off.
Type the IP address of your syslog server.
Use [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select one of seven different local options.
The log facility lets you log the message in different server files. Refer to your UNIX
manual.
Types:
CDR
Packet Triggered
Filter Log
10-6
Call Detail Record (CDR) logs all data phone line activity if set to Yes.
The first 48 bytes or octets and protocol type of the triggering packet is sent to the
UNIX syslog server when this field is set to Yes.
No filters are logged when this field is set to No. Filters with the individual filter Log
Filter field set to Yes are logged when this field is set to Yes.
System Information and Diagnosis
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 10-3 System Maintenance Menu — Syslog Parameters
PARAMETER
PPP Log
DESCRIPTION
PPP events are logged when this field is set to Yes.
The following are examples of the four types of syslog messages sent by the Prestige:
1 - CDR
SdcmdSyslogSend ( SYSLOG_CDR, SYSLOG_INFO, String);
String = board xx line xx channel xx, call xx, str
board = the hardware board ID
line = the WAN ID in a board
Channel = channel ID within the WAN
call = the call reference number which starts from 1 and increments by 1 for each new call
str = C01 Outgoing Call dev xx ch xx (dev:device No. ch:channel No.)
C01 Incoming Call xxxxBps xxxxx (L2TP, xxxxx = Remote Call ID)
C01 Incoming Call xxxx (= connected speed) xxxxx (= Remote Call ID)
L02 Tunnel Connected (L2TP)
C02 OutCall Connected xxxx (= connected speed) xxxxx (= Remote Call ID)
C02 CLID call refused
L02 Call Terminated
C02 Call Terminated
Jul 19 11:19:27 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: board 0 line 0 channel 0, call 1, C01 Outgoing Call dev=2 ch=0
40002
Jul 19 11:19:32 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: board 0 line 0 channel 0, call 1, C02 OutCall Connected 64000
40002
Jul 19 11:20:06 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: board 0 line 0 channel 0, call 1, C02 Call Terminated
2 - Packet Triggered
SdcmdSyslogSend (SYSLOG_PKTTRI, SYSLOG_NOTICE, String);
String = Packet trigger: Protocol=xx Data=xxxxxxxxxx…..x
Protocol: (1:IP 2:IPX 3:IPXHC 4:BPDU 5:ATALK 6:IPNG)
Data: We will send forty-eight Hex characters to the server
Jul 19 11:28:39 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: Packet Trigger: Protocol=1,
Data=4500003c100100001f010004c0a86614ca849a7b08004a5c020001006162636465666768696a6b6c6d6e6f70717273
74
Jul 19 11:28:56 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: Packet Trigger: Protocol=1,
Data=4500002c1b0140001f06b50ec0a86614ca849a7b0427001700195b3e00000000600220008cd40000020405b4
Jul 19 11:29:06 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: Packet Trigger: Protocol=1,
Data=45000028240140001f06ac12c0a86614ca849a7b0427001700195b451d1430135004000077600000
3 - Filter Log
SdcmdSyslogSend (SYSLOG_FILLOG, SYSLOG_NOTICE, String);
String = IP[Src=xx.xx.xx.xx Dst=xx.xx.xx.xx prot spo=xxxx dpo=xxxx] S04>R01mD
IP[…] is the packet header and S04>R01mD means filter set 4 (S) and rule 1 (R), match (m), drop
(D).
Src: Source Address
Dst: Destination Address
prot: Protocol (“TCP”, ”UDP”, ”ICMP”)
spo: Source port
dpo: Destination port
Jul 19 14:43:55 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: IP [Src=202.132.154.123 Dst=255.255.255.255 UDP spo=0208
dpo=0208]} S03>R01mF
Jul 19 14:44:00 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: IP [Src=192.168.102.20 Dst=202.132.154.1 UDP spo=05d4
dpo=0035]} S03>R01mF
Jul 19 14:44:04 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: IP [Src=192.168.102.20 Dst=202.132.154.1 UDP spo=05d4
dpo=0035]} S03>R01mF
4 - PPP Log
System Information and Diagnosis
10-7
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
SdcmdSyslogSend (SYSLOG_PPPLOG, SYSLOG_NOTICE, String);
String = ppp:Proto Starting / ppp:Proto Opening / ppp:Proto Closing / ppp:Proto Shutdown
Proto = LCP / ATCP / BACP / BCP / CBCP / CCP / CHAP/ PAP / IPCP / IPXCP
Jul 19 11:42:44 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: ppp:LCP Closing
Jul 19 11:42:49 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: ppp:IPCP Closing
Jul 19 11:42:54 192.168.102.2 ZYXEL: ppp:CCP Closing
10.4 Diagnostic
The diagnostic facility allows you to test the different aspects of your Prestige to determine if it is working
properly. Menu 24.4 allows you to choose among various types of diagnostic tests to evaluate your system,
as shown in the following figure.
Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance – Diagnostic
System
21. Reboot System
22. Command Mode
xDSL
1. Reset xDSL
TCP/IP
12. Ping Host
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Host IP Address= N/A
Figure 10-8 Menu 24.4 — System Maintenance — Diagnostic
Follow the procedure next to get to Diagnostic:
Step 1.
From the main menu, type 24 to open Menu 24 – System Maintenance.
Step 2.
From this menu, type 4. Diagnostic to open Menu 24.4 – System Maintenance – Diagnostic.
The following table describes the diagnostic tests available in menu 24.4 for and the connections.
Table 10-4 System Maintenance Menu — Diagnostic
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Reset xDSL
Re-initialize the xDSL link to the telephone company.
Ping Host
Ping the host to see if the links and TCP/IP protocol on both systems are working.
Reboot System
Reboot the Prestige.
Command Mode
Type the mode to test and diagnose your Prestige using specified commands.
Host IP Address
If you typed 12 to Ping Host, now type the address of the computer you want to ping.
10-8
System Information and Diagnosis
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 11
Firmware and Configuration File
Maintenance
This chapter tells you how to backup and restore your configuration file as well as upload new
firmware and configuration files.
11.1 Filename Conventions
The configuration file (often called the romfile or rom-0) contains the factory default settings in the menus
such as password, DHCP Setup, TCP/IP Setup, etc. It arrives from ZyXEL with a rom filename extension.
Once you have customized the Prestige's settings, they can be saved back to your computer under a
filename of your choosing.
ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System sometimes referred to as the “ras” file) is the system firmware
and has a “bin” filename extension. With many ftp and tftp clients, the filenames are similar to those seen
next.
ftp> put firmware.bin ras
This is a sample ftp session showing the transfer of the computer file " firmware.bin" to the Prestige.
ftp> get rom-0 config.cfg
This is a sample ftp session saving the current configuration to the computer file config.cfg.
If your [t]ftp client does not allow you to have a destination filename different than the source, you will
need to rename them as the Prestige only recognizes “rom-0” and “ras”. Be sure you keep unaltered copies
of both files for later use.
The following table is a summary. Please note that the internal filename refers to the filename on the
Prestige and the external filename refers to the filename not on the Prestige, that is, on your computer, local
network or ftp site and so the name (but not the extension) will vary. After uploading new firmware see the
ZyNOS F/W Version field in Menu 24.2.1 - System Maintenance - Information to confirm that you
have uploaded the correct firmware version.
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 11-1 Filename Conventions
FILE TYPE
INTERNAL
NAME
EXTERNAL
NAME
DESCRIPTION
Configuratio
n File
Rom-0
*.rom
This is the configuration
filename on the Prestige.
Uploading the rom-0 file
replaces the entire ROM file
system, including your Prestige
configurations, system-related
data (including the default
password), the error log and the
trace log.
Firmware
Ras
*.bin
This is the generic name for the
ZyNOS firmware on the
Prestige.
11.2 Backup Configuration
Option 5 from Menu 24 - System Maintenance allows you to backup the current Prestige configuration to
your computer. Backup is highly recommended once your Prestige is functioning properly. FTP is the
preferred method, although TFTP can also be used.
Please note that the terms “download” and “upload” are relative to the computer. Download means to
transfer from the Prestige to the computer, while upload means from your computer to the Prestige.
11.2.1 Backup Configuration Using FTP
Enter 5 in Menu 24 - System Maintenance to get the following screen.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 24.5 – Backup Configuration
To transfer the configuration file to your workstation, follow the
procedure below:
1. Launch the FTP client on your workstation.
2. Type "open" and the IP address of your router. Then type "root" and
SMT password as requested.
3. Locate the ‘rom-0’ file.
4. Type ‘get rom-0’ to back up the current router configuration to your
workstation.
For details on FTP commands, please consult the documentation of your FTP
client program. For details on backup using TFTP (note that you must
remain in the menu to back up using TFTP), please see your router manual.
Press ENTER to Exit:
Figure 11-1 Menu 24.5 — Backup Configuration
11.2.2 Using the FTP command from the DOS Prompt
Step 1.
Launch the FTP client on your computer.
Step 2.
Enter “open” and the IP address of your Prestige.
Step 3.
Press [ENTER] when prompted for a username.
Step 4.
Enter “root” and your SMT password as requested. The default is 1234.
Step 5.
Enter “bin” to set transfer mode to binary.
Step 6.
Use “get” to transfer files from the Prestige to the computer, for example, “get rom-0
config.rom” transfers the configuration file on the Prestige to your computer and renames it
“config.rom”. See earlier in this chapter for more information on filename conventions.
Step 7.
Enter “quit” to exit the ftp prompt.
331 Enter PASS command
Password:
230 Logged in
ftp> bin
200 Type I OK
ftp> get rom-0 zyxel.rom
200 Port command okay
150 Opening data connection for STOR ras
226 File received OK
ftp: 327680 bytes sent in 1.10Seconds 297.89Kbytes/sec.
ftp> quit
Figure 11-2 FTP Session Example
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
The following table describes some of the commands that you may see in third party FTP clients.
Table 11-2 General Commands for Third Party FTP Clients
COMMAND
DESCRIPTION
Host Address
Enter the address of the host server.
Login Type
Anonymous.
This is when a user I.D. and password is automatically
supplied to the server for anonymous access.
Anonymous logins will work only if your ISP or service
administrator has enabled this option.
Normal.
The server requires a unique User ID and Password to
login.
Transfer Type
Transfer files in either ASCII (plain text format) or in
binary mode.
Initial Remote
Directory
Specify the default remote directory (path).
Initial Local
Directory
Specify the default local directory (path).
FTP over WAN will not work if you have applied a filter in menu 11.5 (WAN) to block Telnet service.
11.2.3 Backup Configuration Using TFTP
The Prestige supports the up/downloading of the firmware and the configuration file using TFTP (Trivial
File Transfer Protocol) over LAN. Although TFTP should work over WAN as well, it is not recommended.
To use TFTP, your computer must have both telnet and TFTP clients. To backup the configuration file,
follow the procedure shown next:
Step 1.
Use telnet from your computer to connect to the Prestige and log in. Because TFTP does not
have any security checks, the Prestige records the IP address of the telnet client and accepts
TFTP requests only from this address.
Step 2.
Put the SMT in command interpreter (CI) mode by entering 8 in Menu 24 – System
Maintenance.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Step 3.
Enter command “sys stdio 0” to disable the SMT timeout, so the TFTP transfer will not be
interrupted. Enter command “sys stdio 5” to restore the five-minute SMT timeout (default) when
the file transfer is complete.
Step 4.
Launch the TFTP client on your computer and connect to the Prestige. Set the transfer mode to
binary before starting data transfer.
Step 5.
Use the TFTP client (see the example below) to transfer files between the Prestige and the
computer. The file name for the configuration file is rom-0 (rom-zero, not capital o).
Note that the telnet connection must be active and the SMT in CI mode before and during the TFTP
transfer. For details on TFTP commands (see following example), please consult the documentation of your
TFTP client program. For UNIX, use “get” to transfer from the Prestige to the computer and “binary” to set
binary transfer mode.
11.2.4 Example: TFTP Command
The following is an example tftp command:
TFTP [-i] host get rom-0 config.rom
where “i” specifies binary image transfer mode (use this mode when transferring binary files), “host” is the
Prestige IP address, “get” transfers the file source on the Prestige (rom-0 name of the configuration file on
the Prestige) to the file destination on the computer and renames it config.rom.
The following table describes some of the fields that you may see in third party TFTP clients.
Table 11-3 General Commands for Third Party TFTP Clients
COMMAND
DESCRIPTION
Host
Enter the IP address of the Prestige. 192.168.1.1 is
the Prestige’s default IP address when shipped.
Send/Fetch
Use “Send” to upload the file to the Prestige and
“Fetch” to back up the file on your computer.
Local File
Enter the path and name of the firmware file (*.bin
extension) or configuration file (*.rom extension) on
your computer.
Remote File
This is the filename on the Prestige. The filename
for the firmware is “ras” and for the configuration file,
is “rom-0”.
Binary
Transfer the file in binary mode.
Abort
Stop transfer of the file.
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TFTP over WAN will not work if you have applied a filter in menu 11.5 (WAN) to block Telnet service.
11.3 Restore Configuration
Menu 24.6 -- System Maintenance - Restore Configuration allows you to restore the configuration via
FTP or TFTP to your Prestige. The preferred method is FTP. Note that this function erases the current
configuration before restoring the previous backup configuration; please do not attempt to restore unless
you have a backup configuration stored on disk. To restore configuration using FTP or TFTP is the same as
uploading the configuration file, please refer to the following sections on FTP and TFTP file transfer for
more details. The Prestige restarts automatically after the file transfer is complete.
Menu 24.6 – Restore Configuration
To transfer the firmware and the configuration file, follow the procedure
below:
1. Launch the FTP client on your workstation.
2. Type "open" and the IP address of your router. Then type "root" and
SMT password as requested.
3. Type “put backupfilename rom-0” where backupfilename is the name of
your backup configuration file on your workstation and rom-spt is the
Remote file name on the router. This restores the configuration to your
router.
4. The system reboots automatically after a successful file transfer.
For details on FTP commands, please consult the documentation of your FTP
client program. For details on restoring using TFTP (note that you must
remain in the menu to back up using TFTP), please see your router manual.
Press ENTER to Exit:
Figure 11-3 Menu 24.6 — Restore Configuration
11.4 Uploading Firmware and Configuration Files
Menu 24.7 - System Maintenance - Upload Firmware allows you to upgrade the firmware and the
configuration file.
WARNING!
PLEASE WAIT A FEW MINUTES FOR THE PRESTIGE TO RESTART AFTER
FIRMWARE OR CONFIGURATION FILE UPLOAD. INTERRUPTING THE UPLOAD
PROCESS MAY PERMANENTLY DAMAGE YOUR PRESTIGE.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 24.7 -- System Maintenance - Upload Firmware
1. Upload System Firmware
2. Upload System Configuration File
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 11-5 Menu 24.7 — System Maintenance — Upload Firmware
The configuration data, system-related data, the error log and the trace log are all stored in the configuration
file. Please be aware that uploading the configuration file replaces everything contained within.
11.4.1 Firmware Upload
FTP is the preferred method for uploading the firmware and configuration. To use this feature, your
computer must have an FTP client.
When you telnet into the Prestige, you will see the following screens for uploading firmware and the
configuration file using FTP.
Menu 24.7.1 - System Maintenance - Upload System Firmware
To upload the system firmware, follow the procedure below:
1. Launch the FTP client on your workstation.
2. Type "open" and the IP address of your system. Then type "root" and
SMT password as requested.
3. Type "put firmwarefilename ras" where "firmwarefilename" is the name
of your firmware upgrade file on your workstation and "ras" is the
remote file name on the system.
4. The system reboots automatically after a successful firmware upload.
For details on FTP commands, please consult the documentation of your FTP
client program. For details on uploading system firmware using TFTP (note
that you must remain on this menu to upload system firmware using TFTP),
please see your manual.
Press ENTER to Exit:
Figure 11-6 Menu 24.7.1 — Upload System Firmware
11.4.2 Configuration File Upload
You see the following screen when you telnet into menu 24.7.2.
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 24.7.2 - System Maintenance - Upload System Configuration File
To upload the system configuration file, follow the procedure below:
1. Launch the FTP client on your workstation.
2. Type "open" and the IP address of your system. Then type "root" and
SMT password as requested.
3. Type "put configurationfilename rom-0" where "configurationfilename"
is the name of your system configuration file on your workstation, which
will be transferred to the "rom-0" file on the system.
4. The system reboots automatically after the upload system configuration
file process is complete.
For details on FTP commands, please consult the documentation of your FTP
client program. For details on uploading system firmware using TFTP (note
that you must remain on this menu to upload system firmware using TFTP),
please see your manual.
Press ENTER to Exit:
Figure 11-7 Menu 24.7.2 — System Maintenance
To transfer the firmware and the configuration file, follow these examples:
11.4.3 Using the FTP command from the DOS Prompt Example
Step 1.
Launch the FTP client on your computer.
Step 2.
Enter “open” and the IP address of your Prestige.
Step 3.
Press [ENTER] when prompted for a username.
Step 4.
Enter “root” and your SMT password as requested. The default is 1234.
Step 5.
Enter “bin” to set transfer mode to binary.
Step 6.
Use “put” to transfer files from the computer to the Prestige, e.g., put firmware.bin ras transfers
the firmware on your computer (firmware.bin) to the Prestige and renames it “ras”. Similarly
“put config.rom rom-0” transfers the configuration file on your computer (config.rom) to the
Prestige and renames it “rom-0”. Likewise “get rom-0 config.rom” transfers the configuration
file on the Prestige to your computer and renames it “config.rom.” See earlier in this chapter for
more information on filename conventions.
Step 7.
Enter “quit” to exit the ftp prompt.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
331 Enter PASS command
Password:
230 Logged in
ftp> bin
200 Type I OK
ftp> put firmware.bin ras
200 Port command okay
150 Opening data connection for STOR ras
226 File received OK
ftp: 327680 bytes sent in 1.10Seconds 297.89Kbytes/sec.
ftp> quit
Figure 11-8 FTP Session Example
More commands that you may find in third party FTP clients, are listed earlier in this chapter.
FTP over WAN will not work if you have applied a filter in menu 11.5 (WAN) to block Telnet service.
11.4.4 TFTP File Upload
The Prestige also supports the up/downloading of the firmware and the configuration file using TFTP
(Trivial File Transfer Protocol) over LAN. Although TFTP should work over WAN as well, it is not
recommended.
To use TFTP, your computer must have both telnet and TFTP clients. To transfer the firmware and the
configuration file, follow the procedure shown next:
Step 1.
Use telnet from your computer to connect to the Prestige and log in. Because TFTP does not
have any security checks, the Prestige records the IP address of the telnet client and accepts
TFTP requests only from this address.
Step 2.
Put the SMT in command interpreter (CI) mode by entering 8 in Menu 24 – System
Maintenance.
Step 3.
Enter the command “sys stdio 0” to disable the SMT timeout, so the TFTP transfer will not be
interrupted. Enter command “sys stdio 5” to restore the five-minute SMT timeout (default) when
the file transfer is complete.
Step 4.
Launch the TFTP client on your computer and connect to the Prestige. Set the transfer mode to
binary before starting data transfer.
Step 5.
Use the TFTP client (see the example below) to transfer files between the Prestige and the
computer. The file name for the firmware is “ras” and the configuration file is “rom-0” (romzero, not capital o).
Note that the telnet connection must be active and the SMT in CI mode before and during the TFTP
transfer. For details on TFTP commands (see following example), please consult the documentation of your
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
TFTP client program. For UNIX, use “get” to transfer from the Prestige to the computer, “put” the other
way around, and “binary” to set binary transfer mode.
11.4.5 Example: TFTP Command
The following is an example tftp command:
TFTP [-i] host put firmware.bin ras
where “i” specifies binary image transfer mode (use this mode when transferring binary files), “host” is the
Prestige’s IP address, “put” transfers the file source on the computer (firmware.bin – name of the firmware
on the computer) to the file destination on the remote host (ras - name of the firmware on the Prestige).
Commands that you may see in third party TFTP clients are listed earlier in this chapter.
TFTP over WAN will not work if you have applied a filter in menu 11.5 (WAN) to block Telnet service.
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Chapter 12
System Maintenance and Information
This chapter leads you through SMT menus 24.8 to 24.10.
12.1 Command Interpreter Mode
The Command Interpreter (CI) is a part of the main system firmware. The CI provides much of the same
functionality as the SMT, while adding some low-level setup and diagnostic functions. Enter the CI from
the SMT by selecting menu 24.8. See the included disk or the zyxel.com web site for more detailed
information on CI commands. Enter 8 from Menu 24 — System Maintenance. A list of valid commands
can be found by typing help or ? at the command prompt. Type “exit” to return to the SMT main menu
when finished.
Menu 24 - System Maintenance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
System Status
System Information
Log and Trace
Diagnostic
Backup Configuration
Restore Configuration
Firmware Update
Command Interpreter Mode
Call Control
Time and Date Setting
Remote Management
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 12-1 Command Mode in Menu 24
System Maintenance and Information
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Copyright (c) 1994 - 2002 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
ras> ?
Valid commands are:
sys
exit
device
ether
wan
poe
config
ip
ppp
bridge
hdap
show
set
ras>
Figure 12-2 Valid Commands
12.2 Call Control Support
Call Control Support is only applicable when Encapsulation is set to PPPoE in menu 4 or menu 11.1.
The budget management function allows you to set a limit on the total outgoing call time of the Prestige
within certain times. When the total outgoing call time exceeds the limit, the current call will be dropped
and any future outgoing calls will be blocked.
To access the call control menu, select option 9 in menu 24 to go to Menu 24.9 — System Maintenance
— Call Control, as shown in the next table.
Menu 24.9 - System Maintenance - Call Control
1.
Budget Management
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 12-3 Call Control
12.2.1 Budget Management
Menu 24.9.1 shows the budget management statistics for outgoing calls. Enter 1 from Menu 24.9 —
System Maintenance — Call Control to bring up the following menu.
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Menu 24.9.1 - System Maintenance - Budget Management
Remote Node
1.ChangeMe
2.-------3.-------4.-------5.-------6.-------7.-------8.--------
Connection Time/Total Budget
No Budget
---------------
Elapsed Time/Total Period
No Budget
---------------
Reset Node (0 to update screen):
Figure 12-4 Budget Management
The total budget is the time limit on the accumulated time for outgoing calls to a remote node. When this
limit is reached, the call will be dropped and further outgoing calls to that remote node will be blocked.
After each period, the total budget is reset. The default for the total budget is 0 minutes and the period is 0
hours, meaning no budget control. You can reset the accumulated connection time in this menu by entering
the index of a remote node. Enter 0 to update the screen. The budget and the reset period can be configured
in menu 11.1 for the remote node when PPPoE encapsulation is selected.
Table 12-1 Budget Management
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Remote Node
Enter the index number of the remote node you
want to reset (just one in this case)
1
Connection Time/Total
Budget
This is the total connection time that has gone by
(within the allocated budget that you set in menu
11.1.
5/10 means that 5
minutes out of a
total allocation of
10 minutes have
lapsed.
Elapsed Time/Total
Period
The period is the time cycle in hours that the
allocation budget is reset (see menu 11.1.) The
elapsed time is the time used up within this period.
0.5/1 means that
30 minutes out of
the 1 hour time
period has lapsed.
Enter “0” to update the screen or press [ESC] to return to the previous screen.
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12.3 Time and Date Setting
The Prestige keeps track of the time and date. There is also a software mechanism to set the time manually
or get the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your Prestige. Menu 24.10 allows
you to update the time and date settings of your Prestige. The real time is then displayed in the Prestige
error logs and firewall logs.
Select menu 24 in the main menu to open Menu 24 — System Maintenance, as shown next.
Menu 24 - System Maintenance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
System Status
System Information
Log and Trace
Diagnostic
Backup Configuration
Restore Configuration
Upload Firmware
Command Interpreter Mode
Call Control
Time and Date Setting
Remote Management
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 12-5 Menu 24 — System Maintenance
Then enter 10 to go to Menu 24.10 — System Maintenance — Time and Date Setting to update the time
and date settings of your Prestige as shown in the following screen.
Menu 24.10 - System Maintenance - Time and Date Setting
Use Time Server when Bootup= None
Time Server Address= N/A
Current Time:
New Time (hh:mm:ss):
00 : 00 : 00
11 : 23 : 16
Current Date:
New Date (yyyy-mm-dd):
2000 - 01 - 01
2001 - 03 - 01
Time Zone= GMT
Daylight Saving= No
Start Date (mm-dd):
End Date (mm_dd):
01 – 00
01 – 00
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 12-6 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance — Time and Date Setting
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Table 12-2 Time and Date Setting Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Use Time Server
when Bootup
Enter the time service protocol that your time server sends when you turn on the
Prestige. Not all time servers support all protocols, so you may have to check with
your ISP/network administrator or use trial and error to find a protocol that works.
The main differences between them are the format.
Daytime (RFC 867) format is day/month/year/time zone of the server.
Time (RFC-868) format displays a 4-byte integer giving the total number of
seconds since 1970/1/1 at 0:0:0.
NTP (RFC-1305) is similar to Time (RFC-868).
None. The default, enter the time manually.
Time Server
Address
Enter the IP address or domain name of your time server. Check with your
ISP/network administrator if you are unsure of this information.
Current Time
This field displays an updated time only when you reenter this menu.
New Time
Enter the new time in hour, minute and second format.
Current Date
This field displays an updated date only when you re-enter this menu.
New Date
Enter the new date in year, month and day format.
Time Zone
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to set the time difference between your
time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Daylight Saving
If you use daylight savings time, then choose Yes.
Start Date
If using daylight savings time, enter the month and day that it starts on.
End Date
If using daylight savings time, enter the month and day that it ends on
Once you have filled in this menu, press [ENTER] at the message “Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to
Cancel“ to save your configuration, or press [ESC] to cancel.
12.3.1 Resetting the Time
The Prestige resets the time in three instances:
i.
On leaving menu 24.10 after making changes.
ii.
When the Prestige starts up, if there is a time server configured in menu 24.10.
iii.
24-hour intervals after starting.
System Maintenance and Information
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Chapter 13
IP Policy Routing
This chapter covers setting and applying policies used for IP routing.
13.1 Introduction
Traditionally, routing is based on the destination address only and the IAD takes the shortest path to
forward a packet. IP Routing Policy (IPPR) provides a mechanism to override the default routing behavior
and alter the packet forwarding based on the policy defined by the network administrator. Policy-based
routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface basis, prior to the normal routing.
13.2 Benefits
•
Source-Based Routing – Network administrators can use policy-based routing to direct traffic from
different users through different connections.
•
Quality of Service (QoS) – Organizations can differentiate traffic by setting the precedence or TOS
(Type of Service) values in the IP header at the periphery of the network to enable the backbone to
prioritize traffic.
•
Cost Savings – IPPR allows organizations to distribute interactive traffic on high-bandwidth, high-cost
paths while using low-cost paths for batch traffic.
•
Load Sharing – Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths.
13.3 Routing Policy
Individual routing policies are used as part of the overall IPPR process. A policy defines the matching
criteria and the action to take when a packet meets the criteria. The action is taken only when all the criteria
are met. The criteria includes the source address and port, IP protocol (ICMP, UDP, TCP, etc.), destination
address and port, TOS and precedence (fields in the IP header) and length. The inclusion of length criterion
is to differentiate between interactive and bulk traffic. Interactive applications, for example, telnet, tend to
have short packets, while bulk traffic, for example, file transfer, tends to have large packets.
The actions that can be taken include:
•
routing the packet to a different gateway (and hence the outgoing interface).
•
setting the TOS and precedence fields in the IP header.
IP Policy Routing
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IPPR follows the existing packet filtering facility of RAS in style and in implementation. The policies are
divided into sets, where related policies are grouped together. A user defines the policies before applying
them to an interface or a remote node, in the same fashion as the filters. There are 12 policy sets with six
policies in each set.
13.4 IP Routing Policy Setup
Menu 25 shows all the policies defined.
Menu 25 - IP Routing Policy Setup
Policy
Set #
-----1
2
3
4
5
6
Name
----------------test
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
Policy
Set #
-----7
8
9
10
11
12
Name
----------------_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
Enter Policy Set Number to Configure= 0
Edit Name= N/A
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 13-1 IP Routing Policy Setup
To setup a routing policy, perform the following procedures:
Step 1.
Type 25 in the main menu to open Menu 25 – IP Routing Policy Setup.
Step 2.
Type the index of the policy set you want to configure to open Menu 25.1 – IP Routing Policy
Setup.
Menu 25.1 shows the summary of a policy set, including the criteria and the action of a single policy, and
whether a policy is active or not. Each policy contains two lines. The former part is the criteria of the
incoming packet and the latter is the action. Between these two parts, separator “|” means the action is taken
on criteria matched and separator “=” means the action is taken on criteria not matched.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Menu 25.1 - IP Routing Policy Setup
# A
Criteria/Action
- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 Y SA=1.1.1.1-1.1.1.1,DA=2.2.2.2-2.2.2.5
SP=20-25,DP=20-25,P=6,T=NM,PR=0
|GW=192.168.1.1,T=MT,PR=0
2 N __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3 N __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
4 N __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
5 N __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
6 N __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Enter Policy Rule Number (1-6) to Configure:
Figure 13-2 Menu 25.1 — Sample IP Routing Policy Setup
Table 13-1 IP Routing Policy Setup
ABBREVIATION
Criterion
SA
Source IP Address
SP
Source Port
DA
Destination IP Address
DP
Destination Port
P
IP layer 4 protocol number (TCP=6, UDP=17…)
T
Type of service of incoming packet
PR
Action
Service
IP Policy Routing
MEANING
GW
Precedence of incoming packet
Gateway IP address
T
Outgoing Type of service
P
Outgoing Precedence
NM
Normal
MD
Minimum Delay
MT
Maximum Throughput
MR
Maximum Reliability
MC
Minimum Cost
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Type a number from 1 to 6 to display Menu 25.1.1 – IP Routing Policy (see the next figure). This menu
allows you to configure a policy rule.
Menu 25.1.1 - IP Routing Policy
Policy Set Name= test
Active= Yes
Criteria:
IP Protocol
= 6
Type of Service= Normal
Precedence
= 0
Source:
addr start= 1.1.1.1
port start= 20
Destination:
addr start= 2.2.2.2
port start= 20
Action= Matched
Gateway addr
= 192.168.1.1
Type of Service= Max Thruput
Precedence
= 0
Packet length= 40
Len Comp= N/A
end= 1.1.1.1
end= 20
end= 2.2.2.2
end= 20
Log= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 13-3 IP Routing Policy
Table 13-2 IP Routing Policy
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
Policy Set Name
This is the policy set name assigned in Menu 25 – IP Routing Policy Setup.
Active
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Yes to activate or No to
deactivate the policy. Inactive policies are displayed with a minus sign “-“ in
SMT menu 25.
Criteria
IP Protocol
IP layer 4 protocol, for example, UDP, TCP, ICMP, etc.
Type of Service
Prioritize incoming network traffic by choosing from Don’t Care, Normal, Min
Delay, Max Thruput, Min Cost or Max Reliable.
Precedence
Precedence value of the incoming packet. Press [SPACE BAR] and then
[ENTER] to select a value from 0 to 7 or Don’t Care.
Packet Length
Type the length of incoming packets (in bytes). The operators in the Len
Comp (next field) apply to packets of this length.
Len Comp
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to choose from Equal, Not Equal,
L
G t
L
E
l G t
E
l
13-4
IP Policy Routing
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 13-2 IP Routing Policy
FIELD
Len Comp
DESCRIPTION
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to choose from Equal, Not Equal,
Less, Greater, Less or Equal or Greater or Equal.
Source:
addr start / end
Source IP address range from start to end.
port start / end
Source port number range from start to end; applicable only for TCP/UDP.
Destination:
addr start / end
Destination IP address range from start to end.
port start / end
Destination port number range from start to end; applicable only for TCP/UDP.
Action
Specifies whether action should be taken on criteria Matched or Not
Matched.
Gateway addr
Defines the outgoing gateway address. The gateway must be on the same
subnet as the Prestige if it is on the LAN, otherwise, the gateway must be the
IP address of a remote node. The default gateway is specified as 0.0.0.0.
Type of Service
Set the new TOS value of the outgoing packet. Prioritize incoming network
traffic by choosing No Change, Normal, Min Delay, Max Thruput, Max
Reliable or Min Cost.
Precedence
Set the new outgoing packet precedence value. Values are 0 to 7 or No
Change.
Log
Press [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select Yes to make an entry in the
system log when a policy is executed.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press [ENTER] to confirm or [ESC]
to cancel” to save your configuration or press [ESC] to cancel and go back to the previous screen.
13.5 Applying an IP Policy
This section shows you where to apply the IP policies after you design them.
13.5.1 Ethernet IP Policies
From Menu 3 — Ethernet Setup, type 2 to go to Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup.
IP Policy Routing
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
You can choose up to four IP policy sets (from 12) by typing their numbers separated by commas, for
example, 2, 4, 7, 9.
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Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
DHCP Setup:
DHCP= None
Client IP Pool Starting Address= N/A
Size of Client IP Pool= N/A
Primary DNS Server= N/A
Secondary DNS Server= N/A
Remote DHCP Server= N/A
TCP/IP Setup:
IP Address= 192.168.1.1
IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.0
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
Multicast= IGMP-v2
IP Policies= 2,4,7,9
Edit IP Alias= No
Type IP
Policy sets
here.
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 13-4 Menu 3.2 — TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
Go to menu 11.3 (shown next) and type the number(s) of the IP Routing Policy set(s) as appropriate. You
can cascade up to four policy sets by typing their numbers separated by commas.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
IP Address Assignment= Static
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
NAT= Full Feature
Address Mapping Set= 2
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
Multicast= IGMP-v2
IP Policies= 2,4,7,9
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout (min)= 0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Type IP
Policy sets
here.
Figure 13-5 Menu 11.3 — Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Policy Routing
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
13.6 IP Policy Routing Example
If a network has both Internet and remote node connections, you can route Web packets to the Internet
using one policy and route FTP packets to a remote network using another policy. See the next figure.
Figure 13-6 Example of IP Policy Routing
To force Web packets coming from clients with IP addresses of 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64 to be routed
to the Internet via the WAN port of the Prestige, follow the steps as shown next.
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Step 1.
Create a routing policy set in menu 25.
Step 2.
Create a rule for this set in Menu 25.1.1 — IP Routing Policy as shown next.
Menu 25.1.1 - IP Routing Policy
Policy Set Name= set1
Active= Yes
Criteria:
IP Protocol
= 6
Type of Service= Don't Care
Precedence
= Don't Care
Source:
addr start= 192.168.1.2
port start= 0
Destination:
addr start= 0.0.0.0
port start= 80
Action= Matched
Gateway addr
= 192.168.1.1
Type of Service= No Change
Precedence
= No Change
Packet length= 10
Len Comp= N/A
end= 192.168.1.64
end= N/A
end= N/A
end= 80
Log= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 13-7 IP Routing Policy Example
Step 3.
Check Menu 25.1 — IP Routing Policy Setup to see if the rule is added correctly.
Step 4.
Create another policy set in menu 25.
Step 5.
Create a rule in menu 25.1 for this set to route packets from any host (IP=0.0.0.0 means any
host) with protocol TCP and port FTP access through another gateway (192.168.1.100).
IP Policy Routing
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Menu 25.1.1 - IP Routing Policy
Policy Set Name= set2
Active= Yes
Criteria:
IP Protocol
= 6
Type of Service= Don't Care
Precedence
= Don't Care
Source:
addr start= 0.0.0.0
port start= 0
Destination:
addr start= 0.0.0.0
port start= 20
Action= Matched
Gateway addr =192.168.1.100
Type of Service= No Change
Precedence
= No Change
Packet length= 10
Len Comp= N/A
end= N/A
end= N/A
end= N/A
end= 21
Log= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 13-8 IP Routing Policy
Step 6.
Check Menu 25.1 — IP Routing Policy Setup to see if the rule is added correctly.
Step 7.
Apply both policy sets in menu 3.2 as shown next.
Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
DHCP Setup
DHCP= Server
Client IP Pool Starting Address= 192.168.1.33
Size of Client IP Pool= 64
Primary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Secondary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Remote DHCP Server= N/A
TCP/IP Setup:
IP Address= 192.168.1.1
IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.0
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-1
Multicast= None
IP Policies= 1,2
Edit IP Alias= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 13-9 Applying IP Policies
13-10
IP Policy Routing
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 14
Call Scheduling
Call scheduling (applicable for PPPoA or PPPoE encapsulation only) allows you to dictate when a
remote node should be called and for how long.
14.1 Introduction
The call scheduling feature allows the Prestige to manage a remote node and dictate when a remote node
should be called and for how long. This feature is similar to the scheduler in a video cassette recorder (you
can specify a time period for the VCR to record). You can apply up to 4 schedule sets in Menu 11.1 —
Remote Node Profile. From the main menu, enter 26 to access Menu 26 — Schedule Setup as shown
next.
Menu 26 - Schedule Setup
Schedule
Set #
-----1
2
3
4
5
6
Name
----------------______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Schedule
Set #
-----7
8
9
10
11
12
Name
-----------------______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Enter Schedule Set Number to Configure=
Edit Name=
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 14-1 Menu 26 — Schedule Setup
Lower numbered sets take precedence over higher numbered sets thereby avoiding scheduling conflicts. For
example, if sets 1, 2 ,3 and 4 in are applied in the remote node then set 1 will take precedence over set 2, 3
and 4 as the Prestige, by default, applies the lowest numbered set first. Set 2 will take precedence over set 3
and 4, and so on.
You can design up to 12 schedule sets but you can only apply up to four schedule sets for a remote node.
Call Scheduling
14-1
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
To delete a schedule set, enter the set number and press [SPACE BAR] and then
[ENTER] (or delete) in the Edit Name field.
To setup a schedule set, select the schedule set you want to setup from menu 26 (1-12) and press [ENTER]
to see Menu 26.1 — Schedule Set Setup as shown next.
Menu 26.1 - Schedule Set Setup
Active= Yes
Start Date(yyyy/mm/dd) = 2000 – 01 - 01
How Often= Once
Once:
Date(yyyy/mm/dd)= 2000 – 01 - 01
Weekdays:
Sunday= N/A
Monday= N/A
Tuesday= N/A
Wednesday= N/A
Thursday= N/A
Friday= N/A
Saturday= N/A
Start Time (hh:mm)= 00 : 00
Duration (hh:mm)= 00 : 00
Action= Forced On
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle
Figure 14-2 Schedule Set Setup
If a connection has been already established, your Prestige will not drop it. Once the connection is dropped
manually or it times out, then that remote node can't be triggered up until the end of the Duration.
Table 14-1 Schedule Set Setup Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Active
Press [SPACE BAR] to select Yes or No. Choose Yes and
press [ENTER] to activate the schedule set.
Start
Date
Enter the start date when you wish the set to take effect in
year -month-date format. Valid dates are from the present to
2036-February-5.
2000-01-01
How
Often
Should this schedule set recur weekly or be used just once
only? Press the [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select
Once or Weekly. Both these options are mutually exclusive.
Once
14-2
Yes
Call Scheduling
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 14-1 Schedule Set Setup Fields
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
How
Often
Should this schedule set recur weekly or be used just once
only? Press the [SPACE BAR] and then [ENTER] to select
Once or Weekly. Both these options are mutually exclusive.
If Once is selected, then all weekday settings are N/A.
When Once is selected, the schedule rule deletes
automatically after the scheduled time elapses.
Once
Once:
If you selected Once in the How Often field above, then
enter the date the set should activate here in year-monthdate format.
Date
Weekday
:
Day
If you selected Weekly in the How Often field above, then
select the day(s) when the set should activate (and recur) by
going to that day(s) and pressing [SPACE BAR] to select
Yes, then press [ENTER].
2000-01-01
Yes
No
N/A
Start
Time
Enter the start time when you wish the schedule set to take
effect in hour-minute format.
09:00
Duration
Enter the maximum length of time this connection is allowed
in hour-minute format.
08:00
Action
Forced On means that the connection is maintained
whether or not there is a demand call on the line and will
persist for the time period specified in the Duration field.
Forced On
Forced Down means that the connection is blocked whether
or not there is a demand call on the line.
Enable Dial-On-Demand means that this schedule permits
a demand call on the line. Disable Dial-On-Demand means
that this schedule prevents a demand call on the line.
When you have completed this menu, press [ENTER] at the prompt “Press ENTER to
Confirm…” to save your configuration, or press [ESC] at any time to cancel.
Once your schedule sets are configured, you must then apply them to the desired remote node(s). Enter 11
from the Main Menu and then enter the target remote node index. Using [SPACE BAR], select PPPoE or
PPPoA in the Encapsulation field and then press [ENTER] to make the schedule sets field available as
shown next.
Call Scheduling
14-3
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Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Profile
Rem Node Name= ChangeMe
Active= Yes
Route= IP
Bridge= No
Encapsulation= PPPoE
Multiplexing=VC-based
Service Name=
Incoming
Rem Login=
Rem Password= ********
Outgoing=
My Login=?
My Password= ********
Authen= CHAP/PAP
Edit IP/Bridge= No
Edit ATM Options= No
Telco Option:
Allocated Budget(min)= 0
Period(hr)= 0
Schedules= 1,2,3,4
Nailed-Up Connection= No
Session Options:
Edit Filter Sets= No
Idle Timeout(sec)= 100
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Apply your schedule
sets here.
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 14-3 Applying Schedule Set(s) to a Remote Node (PPPoE)
You can apply up to four schedule sets, separated by commas, for one remote node. Change the schedule
set numbers to your preference(s).
14-4
Call Scheduling
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 15
Remote Management
This chapter covers remote management (SMT menu 24.11).
15.1 Telnet
You can configure your Prestige for remote Telnet access as shown next.
Figure 15-1 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network
15.2 FTP
You can upload and download Prestige firmware and configuration files using FTP. To use this feature,
your computer must have an FTP client.
15.3 Web
You can use the Prestige’s embedded web configurator for configuration and file management. See the
online help for details.
15.4 Remote Management
To disable remote management of a service, select Disable in the corresponding Server Access field.
Enter 11 from menu 24 to display Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control.
Remote Management
15-1
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
15.4.1 Remote Management Setup
Remote management setup is for managing Telnet, FTP and Web services. You can customize the service
port, access interface and the secured client IP address to enhance security and flexibility.
You may manage your Prestige from a remote location via:
the Internet (WAN only), the LAN only, All (LAN and WAN) or Disable (neither).
WAN only (Internet)
ALL (LAN and WAN)
LAN only
Disable (Neither)
If you enable remote management of a service, but have applied a filter to block
the service, then you will not be able to remotely manage the service.
Enter 11, from menu 24, to display Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control (shown next).
Menu 24.11 - Remote Management Control
TELNET Server:
Server Port = 23
Secured Client IP = 0.0.0.0
Server Access = LAN only
FTP Server:
Server Port = 21
Secured Client IP = 0.0.0.0
Server Access = LAN only
Web Server:
Server Port = 80
Secured Client IP = 0.0.0.0
Server Access = LAN only
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 15-2 Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control
Table 15-1 Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Telnet Server
FTP Server
Web Server
Each of these read-only labels denotes a service that you may use
to remotely manage the Prestige.
Port
This field shows the port number for the remote management
service. You may change the port number for a service if needed,
but you must use the same port number to use that service for
remote management.
23
Access
Select the access interface (if any) by pressing the [SPACE BAR].
Ch i
LAN
l WAN
l All Di bl Th d f lt i
LAN only
15-2
Remote Management
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Table 15-1 Menu 24.11 — Remote Management Control
FIELD
DESCRIPTION
EXAMPLE
Access
Select the access interface (if any) by pressing the [SPACE BAR].
Choices are: LAN only, WAN only, All or Disable. The default is
LAN only.
LAN only
Secured Client IP
The default 0.0.0.0 allows any client to use this service to remotely
manage the Prestige. Enter an IP address to restrict access to a
client with a matching IP address.
0.0.0.0
Once you have filled in this menu, press [ENTER] at the message "Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to
Cancel" to save your configuration, or press [ESC] to cancel.
15.4.2 Remote Management Limitations
Remote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:
1.
A filter in menu 3.1 (LAN) or in menu 11.5 (WAN) is applied to block a Telnet, FTP or Web
service.
2.
You have disabled that service in menu 24.11.
3.
The IP address in the Secured Client IP field (menu 24.11) does not match the client IP address.
If it does not match, the Prestige will disconnect the session immediately.
4.
There is already another remote management session of the same type (Telnet, FTP or Web)
running. You may only have one remote management session of the same type running at one
time.
5.
There is a web remote management session running with a Telnet session. A Telnet session will be
disconnected if you begin a web session; it will not begin if there already is a web session.
15.5 Remote Management and NAT
When NAT is enabled:
Use the Prestige’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN.
Use the Prestige’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.
Remote Management
15-3
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
15.6 System Timeout
There is a system timeout of five minutes (300 seconds) for Telnet/web/FTP connections. Your Prestige
will automatically log you out if you do nothing in this timeout period, except when it is continuously
updating the status in menu 24.1 or when sys stdio has been changed on the command line.
15-4
Remote Management
Additional Information
Part: IV
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This part contains Troubleshooting, Appendices and the Index.
IV
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Chapter 16
Troubleshooting
This chapter covers potential problems and the corresponding remedies.
16.1 Problems Starting Up the Prestige
Table 16-1 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Prestige
PROBLEM
CORRECTIVE ACTION
None of the
LEDs turn on
when I turn on
the Prestige.
Make sure that the Prestige’s power adapter is connected to the Prestige and plugged in to
an appropriate power source. Check that the Prestige and the power source are both turned
on.
If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case, you should contact your
vendor.
16.2
Problems with the LAN Interface
Table 16-2 Troubleshooting the LAN Interface
PROBLEM
Cannot access the
Prestige from the
LAN.
CORRECTIVE ACTION
If the 10M/100M LEDs on the front panel are both off, check the Ethernet cable
connections between your Prestige and computer.
Check for faulty Ethernet cables.
Make sure your NIC (Network Interface Card) is installed and functioning properly.
Check the TCP/IP configuration on your computer. Make sure that the IP address
and the subnet mask of the Prestige and your computer(s) are on the same subnet.
Troubleshooting
16-1
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
16.3 Problems with the WAN Interface
Table 16-3 Troubleshooting the WAN Interface
PROBLEM
CORRECTIVE ACTION
I cannot get a WAN
IP address from
the ISP.
The WAN IP is provided when the ISP recognizes the user as an authorized user after
verifying the MAC address, Host Name or User ID.
Find out the verification method used by your ISP.
If the ISP checks the host name, enter your computer’s name in the System Name field
in Menu 1 — General Setup.
If the ISP checks the User ID, make sure that you have entered the correct service
type, user name (in the My Login field) and password (in the My Password field) in
Menu 4 — Internet Access Setup.
I cannot connect to
a remote node or
ISP.
Check menu 4 or menu 11.1 to verify the Encapsulation for the remote node.
16.4 Problems with Internet Access
Table 16-4 Troubleshooting Internet Access
PROBLEM
I cannot access
the Internet
CORRECTIVE ACTION
Verify your settings in menu 3.2 and menu 4.
Make sure the Prestige is turned on and connected to the network.
If the Prestige’s DSL LED is off, check the cable between the Prestige and the telephone
wall jack.
Make sure you entered your user name and password correctly. Your username may be
case-sensitive.
Internet
connection
disconnects
Check the schedule rules in SMT menu 26.
If you use PPPoA or PPPoE encapsulation, check the idle time-out setting in SMT menu
11.5.
Contact your ISP.
16-2
Troubleshooting
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
16.5 Problems with the Password
Table 16-5 Troubleshooting the Password
PROBLEM
I cannot access the
Prestige.
CORRECTIVE ACTION
The Password and Username fields are case-sensitive. Make sure that you enter the
correct password and username using the proper casing.
Use the Restore Factory Defaults/Reboot button to restore the factory default
configuration file. This will restore all of the factory defaults including the password.
Refer to the Resetting the Prestige section in the User's Guide for details.
16.6 Problems with Telnet
Table 16-6 Troubleshooting Telnet
PROBLEM
I cannot access the Prestige from
the LAN or WAN.
CORRECTIVE ACTION
Refer to the Remote Management Limitations section for scenarios
when remote management may not be possible.
When NAT is enabled:
Use the Prestige’s WAN IP address when configuring from
the WAN.
Use the Prestige’s LAN IP address when configuring from
the LAN.
Refer to the Problems with the LAN Interface section for instructions
on checking your LAN connection.
Refer to the Problems with the WAN Interface section for
instructions on checking your WAN connection.
Troubleshooting
16-3
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Appendix A
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
A wireless LAN (WLAN) provides a flexible data communications system that you can use to access various
services (navigating the Internet, email, printer services, etc.) without the any expensive network cabling
infrastructure. In effect a wireless LAN environment provides you the freedom to stay connected to the
network while in the coverage area.
Benefits of a Wireless LAN
1.
Access to network services in areas otherwise hard or expensive to wire, such as historical buildings,
buildings with asbestos materials and classrooms.
2.
Doctors and nurses can access a complete patient’s profile on a handheld or notebook computer upon
entering a patient’s room.
3.
It allows flexible workgroups a lower total cost of ownership for networks that are frequently
reconfigured.
4.
Conference room users can access the network as they move from meeting to meeting- accessing up-todate information that facilitates the ability to communicate decisions “on the fly”.
5.
It provides campus-wide networking coverage, allowing enterprises the roaming capability to set up
easy-to-use wireless networks that transparently covers an entire campus.
IEEE 802.11
The 1997 completion of the IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LANs (WLANs) was a first important step in
the evolutionary development of wireless networking technologies. The standard was developed to maximize
interoperability between differing brands of wireless LANs and to introduce a variety of performance
improvements and benefits. On September 16, 1999, the 802.11b provided much higher data rates of up to
11Mbps, while maintaining the 802.11 protocol.
The IEEE 802.11 specifies three different transmission methods for the PHY, the layer responsible for
transferring data between nodes. Two of the methods use spread spectrum RF signals, Direct Sequence
Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), in the 2.4 to 2.4825 GHz
unlicensed ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. The third method is infrared technology, using
very high frequencies, just below visible light in the electromagnetic spectrum to carry data.
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
A
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration
The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of computers with
wireless nodes or stations (STA), which is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). In the most basic form, a
wireless LAN connects a set of computers with wireless adapters. Any time two or more wireless adapters
are within range of each other, they can set up an independent network, which is commonly referred to as an
Ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). See the following diagram of an example of an
Ad-hoc wireless LAN.
Diagram 1 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network
Infrastructure Wireless LAN Configuration
For Infrastructure WLANs, multiple access points (APs) link the WLAN to the wired network and allow
users to efficiently share network resources. The Access Points not only provide communication with the
wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood. Multiple access
B
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
points can provide wireless coverage for an entire building or campus. All communications between stations
or between a station and a wired network client go through the access point.
The Extended Service Set (ESS) shown in the next figure consists of a series of overlapping BSSs (each
containing an access point) connected together by means of a Distribution System (DS). Although the DS
could be any type of network, it is almost invariably an Ethernet LAN. Mobile nodes can roam between
access points and seamless campus-wide coverage is possible.
Diagram 2 ESS Provides Campus-Wide Coverage
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
C
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Appendix B
PPPoE
PPPoE in Action
An ADSL modem bridges a PPP session over Ethernet (PPP over Ethernet, RFC 2516) from your PC to an
ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) which connects to a xDSL Access Concentrator where the PPP
session terminates (see the next figure). One PVC can support any number of PPP sessions from your LAN.
PPPoE provides access control and billing functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP.
Benefits of PPPoE
PPPoE offers the following benefits:
1.
It provides you with a familiar dial-up networking (DUN) user interface.
2.
It lessens the burden on the carriers of provisioning virtual circuits all the way to the ISP on multiple
switches for thousands of users. For GSTN (PSTN and ISDN), the switching fabric is already in place.
3.
It allows the ISP to use the existing dial-up model to authenticate and (optionally) to provide
differentiated services.
Traditional Dial-up Scenario
The following diagram depicts a typical hardware configuration where the PCs use traditional dial-up
networking.
Diagram 3 Single-PC per Router Hardware Configuration
D
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
How PPPoE Works
The PPPoE driver makes the Ethernet appear as a serial link to the PC and the PC runs PPP over it, while the
modem bridges the Ethernet frames to the Access Concentrator (AC). Between the AC and an ISP, the AC is
acting as a L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) LAC (L2TP Access Concentrator) and tunnels the PPP
frames to the ISP. The L2TP tunnel is capable of carrying multiple PPP sessions.
With PPPoE, the VC (Virtual Circuit) is equivalent to the dial-up connection and is between the modem and
the AC, as opposed to all the way to the ISP. However, the PPP negotiation is between the PC and the ISP.
Prestige as a PPPoE Client
When using the Prestige as a PPPoE client, the PCs on the LAN see only Ethernet and are not aware of
PPPoE. This alleviates the administrator from having to manage the PPPoE clients on the individual PCs.
Diagram 4 Prestige as a PPPoE Client
Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11
E
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Appendix C
Virtual Circuit Topology
ATM is a connection-oriented technology, meaning that it sets up virtual circuits over which end systems
communicate. The terminology for virtual circuits is as follows:
•
Virtual Channel
Logical connections between ATM switches
•
Virtual Path
A bundle of virtual channels
•
Virtual Circuit
A series of virtual paths between circuit end points
Diagram 5 Virtual Circuit Topology
Think of a virtual path as a cable that contains a bundle of wires. The cable connects two points and wires
within the cable provide individual circuits between the two points. In an ATM cell header, a VPI (Virtual
Path Identifier) identifies a link formed by a virtual path; a VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) identifies a
channel within a virtual path.
The VPI and VCI identify a virtual path, that is, termination points between ATM switches. A series of
virtual paths make up a virtual circuit.
Your service provider should supply you with VPI/VCI numbers.
F
Virtual Circuit Topology
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Appendix D
Power Adapter Specifications
NORTH AMERICAN PLUG STANDARDS
AC Power Adapter Model
DV-1215A
Input Power
AC120Volts/60Hz/30W
Output Power
AC12Volts/1.25A
Power Consumption
12 W
Safety Standards
UL, CUL, CSA (UL 1310, CSA C22.2 No.223)
NORTH AMERICAN PLUG STANDARDS
AC Power Adapter Model
DV-121A25
Input Power
AC230Volts/60Hz/19W
Output Power
AC12Volts/1.25A
Power Consumption
12 W
Safety Standards
UL, CUL (UL 1310, CSA C22.2 No.223)
EUROPEAN PLUG STANDARDS
AC Power Adapter Model
AA-121A3BN
Input Power
AC230Volts/50Hz/140mA
Output Power
AC12Volts/1.3A
Power Consumption
12 W
Safety Standards
TUV, CE (EN 60950)
Product Specifications
G
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Appendix E
TCP/IP
All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Use straight-through
Ethernet cables to connect your computer's Ethernet adapter to a hub or switch and to connect the hub or
switch to the Prestige's LAN port. Otherwise, connect your computer's Ethernet adapter directly to the LAN
port with a crossover Ethernet cable.
Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of
UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on your computer.
Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-party TCP/IP application package.
TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later
operating systems.
After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP settings in order to
"communicate" with your network.
Setting up Your Windows 95/98/Me Computer
Installing TCP/IP Components
1.
Click Start, Settings, Control Panel and double-click the Network icon.
The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network
adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks.
If you need the adapter:
a.
In the Network window, click Add.
b.
Select Adapter and then click Add.
c.
Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.
If you need TCP/IP:
a.
In the Network window, click Add.
b.
Select Protocol and then click Add.
c.
Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.
d.
Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK.
If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:
a.
H
Click Add.
TCP/IP
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
b.
Select Client and then click Add.
c.
Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.
d.
Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then click OK.
e.
Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect.
Configuring TCP/IP
1.
In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry and click
Properties.
2.
Click the IP Address tab.
-If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically.
-If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP
Address and Subnet Mask fields.
3.
Click the DNS Configuration tab.
-If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS.
-If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the information in the fields below
(you may not need to fill them all in).
4.
Click the Gateway tab.
-If you were not given a gateway IP address, remove previously installed gateways.
-If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add.
5.
Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.
6.
Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.
7.
Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer when prompted.
Verifying TCP/IP Properties
1.
Click Start and then Run.
2.
In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IP Configuration window.
3.
Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet mask and default
gateway.
Setting up Your Windows NT/2000 Computer
Configuring TCP/IP
TCP/IP
I
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
1.
Click Start, Settings, Network and Dial-up Connections and right-click Local Area Connection or
the connection you want to configure and click Properties.
2.
Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (you may need to scroll down) and click Properties.
3.
The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens.
-If your IP address is dynamic, click Obtain an IP address automatically.
-If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP address, Subnet
mask, and Default gateway fields.
4.
In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window:
-Click Obtain DNS server automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es).
-If you know your DNS server IP address(es), type them in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate
DNS server fields. If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS
tab to order them.
5.
Click Advanced:
-If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP
Settings tab and click OK.
6.
Click OK to save and close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.
7.
Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.
8.
Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying TCP/IP Properties
Click Start, Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt.
In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. The window will display
information about your connection-specific DNS suffix, IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway.
Setting up Your Windows XP Computer
Configuring TCP/IP
1.
Click start, Control Panel, Network and Internet Connections and then Network Connections.
2.
Right-click the network connection you want to configure and then click Properties.
3.
Under the General tab, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (you may need to scroll down) and click
Properties.
4.
The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens.
-If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically.
J
TCP/IP
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
-If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP address, Subnet
mask, and Default gateway fields. To configure advanced static address settings for a local area
connection, click Advanced, and do one or more of the following to configure additional IP addresses:
-In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.
-In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet mask, and
then click Add.
-Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add.
-Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Add in Default gateways.
-In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in Gateway. To
manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission hops), clear the Automatic
metric check box and type a metric in Metric.
-Click Add.
-Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add.
-Click OK when finished.
5.
In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window's General tab:
-Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es).
-If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server addresses, type them
in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate DNS server fields. If you have previously configured
DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS tab to order them.
6.
Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.
7.
Click OK to close the Local Area Connection Properties window.
8.
Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying TCP/IP Properties
1.
Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt.
2.
In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can also open
Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and then click the Support tab.
Setting up Your Macintosh Computer
Configuring TCP/IP Properties
1.
Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/IP Control Panel.
2.
Select Ethernet from the Connect via list.
TCP/IP
K
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
3.
For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list.
4.
For statically assigned settings, do the following:
-From the Configure box, select Manually.
-Type your IP address in the IP Address box.
-Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.
-Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box.
5.
Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.
6.
Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration.
7.
Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying TCP/IP Properties
Check your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel.
L
TCP/IP
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
Index
A
Ad-hoc Configuration .........................................B
ADSL, what is it?........................................... xviii
Authentication...........................................4-5, 4-6
auto-negotiation ............................................... 1-2
B
Back Panel
connections description................................ 2-3
backup............................................................ 11-2
Basic Service Set.................................................B
Bridging ......................................................... 2-16
Ether Address .............................................. 6-3
Ethernet........................................................ 6-1
Ethernet Addr Timeout ................................ 6-2
Remote Node ............................................... 6-1
Static Route Setup........................................ 6-2
BSS ..................................... See Basic Service Set
Budget Management ............................. 12-2, 12-3
C
Call Filtering .................................................... 8-1
Call Filters
Built-In......................................................... 8-1
User-Defined ............................................... 8-1
Call Scheduling.............................................. 14-1
Maximum Number of Schedule Sets ......... 14-1
PPPoE ........................................................ 14-3
Precedence ................................................. 14-1
Precedence Example .................See precedence
CDR ...................................................... 10-6, 10-7
CDR (Call Detail Record).............................. 10-6
Channel ID ..................................................... 3-13
CHAP............................................................... 4-5
Clear to Send protocol.................................... 3-12
Collision......................................................... 10-3
Command Interpreter Mode........................... 12-1
Community ...................................................... 9-2
Index
Computer Name............................................. 2-12
Connecting the Prestige ................................... 2-3
Connections
Additional Requirements............................. 2-4
ADSL Line .................................................. 2-3
Power Adapter............................................. 2-4
Rear Panel ................................................... 2-2
Copyright .............................................................ii
Cost Of Transmission ........................4-8, 5-5, 5-8
Country Code................................................. 10-4
CPU Load ...................................................... 10-3
CTS........................................... See Clear to Send
Customer Support ................................................v
D
data collision.................................................. 3-12
Data Filtering ................................................... 8-1
Device Filter rules.......................................... 8-16
DHCP ..................................................... 1-3, 10-5
Diagnostic...................................................... 10-8
Diagnostic Tools............................................ 10-1
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer.... 1-6
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum......................A
Distribution System ............................................ C
DNS ................................................................. 3-9
Domain Name................................................ 7-15
Domain Name System ..................................... 3-4
DS ................................... See Distribution System
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)....................... xviii
DSL, What Is It? ............................................ xviii
DSLAM .........See Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer
DSSS.........See Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
Dynamic DNS................................ 1-2, 2-13, 2-14
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ............ 3-4
DYNDNS Wildcard....................................... 2-13
E
Encapsulation..........................1-4, 3-16, 3-21, 4-2
M
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
ENET ENCAP........................................... 3-16
PPP over Ethernet...................................... 3-17
PPPoA ....................................................... 3-17
RFC 1483 .................................................. 3-17
Error Log ....................................................... 10-5
Error/Information Messages
Sample ....................................................... 10-5
ESS ............................... See Extended Service Set
ESS ID ........................................................... 3-11
Ethernet Encapsulation .................................. 7-14
Ethernet Traffic.............................................. 8-20
Extended Service Set .......................................... C
F
FCC.................................................................... iii
FHSS...See Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum
Filename Conventions ................................... 11-1
Filter .............................................................. 2-16
Applying Filters......................................... 8-19
Ethernet traffic........................................... 8-20
Ethernet Traffic ......................................... 8-20
Filter Rules .................................................. 8-7
Filter Structure............................................. 8-4
Generic Filter Rule .................................... 8-14
Remote Node............................................... 4-9
Remote Node Filter ..................................... 4-9
Remote Node Filters.................................. 8-20
Sample ....................................................... 8-18
SUA........................................................... 8-16
TCP/IP Filter Rule....................................... 8-9
Filter Log .............................................. 10-6, 10-7
Filter Rule ...................................................... 8-10
Filter Rule Process........................................... 8-3
Filter Rule Setup .............................................. 8-9
Filter Rules Summary
Sample ....................................................... 8-19
Filter Set
Class ............................................................ 8-9
Filter Set Configuration ................................... 8-4
Filtering .................................................... 8-1, 8-9
Filtering Process
N
Outgoing Packets .........................................8-2
Fragment Threshold........................................3-14
Fragmentation Threshold................................3-12
Frame Relay .....................................................1-6
Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum................ A
FTP .................................................................15-3
Restrictions.................................................15-3
FTP File Transfer ...........................................11-7
FTP Server......................................................7-21
Full Rate ...........................................................2-5
G
Gateway............................................................5-8
Gateway Node ..................................................6-3
General Setup .................................................2-12
H
Hidden Menus ................................................2-10
Hidden Node problem ....................................3-11
hop count ..........................................................5-5
Hop Count ................................................ 4-8, 5-8
HTTP..............................................................7-15
I
IANA........................................................ 3-2, 3-3
IBSS ............... See Independent Basic Service Set
IEEE 802.11 ....................................................... A
IEEE 802.11b ...................................................1-1
IGMP support ........................................... 4-8, 5-5
Independent Basic Service Set ........................... B
Infrastructure Configuration ............................... B
Interactive Applications..................................13-1
Internet access ..................................................3-1
Internet Access ... 1-1, 1-2, 1-6, 2-11, 2-16, 3-1, 318, 3-20, 3-21
Internet Access Setup .......................................7-6
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.. See IANA
IP Address ... 3-10, 5-4, 5-8, 6-3, 8-11, 10-4, 10-8,
13-3
IP Address Assignment ..................................3-17
ENET ENCAP ...........................................3-17
Index
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
PPPoA or PPPoE ....................................... 3-17
RFC 1483................................................... 3-17
IP Alias Setup .................................................. 3-6
IP Filter .......................................................... 8-13
Logic Flow................................................. 8-12
IP mask .......................................................... 8-11
IP network number........................................... 3-2
IP Packet ........................................................ 8-14
IP Policies ...................................................... 13-5
IP Policy Routing (IPPR)..........................1-3, 3-5
Applying an IP Policy................................ 13-5
Ethernet IP Policies.................................... 13-5
Gateway ..................................................... 13-5
IP Pool.............................................................. 3-4
IP Protocol ..................................................... 13-4
IP Routing Policy (IPPR)............................... 13-1
Benefits...................................................... 13-1
Cost Savings .............................................. 13-1
Criteria ....................................................... 13-1
Load Sharing.............................................. 13-1
Setup .......................................................... 13-2
IP Routing Policy Setup................................. 13-3
IP Static Route ................................................. 5-6
IP Static Route Setup ................................5-6, 5-7
ISDN ................................................................ 2-6
L
LAN ............................................................... 10-3
Link type ........................................................ 10-2
LLC-based Multiplexing.................................. 5-2
Log and Trace ................................................ 10-5
Log Facility.................................................... 10-6
Logging Option..................................... 8-11, 8-15
Login................................................................ 4-5
M
MAC address ................................................... 6-3
MAC Address Filter....................................... 3-14
MAC Address Filter Action ........................... 3-15
Main Menu..................................................... 2-10
Management Information Base (MIB)............. 9-2
Index
MBS.............................. See Maximum Burst Size
Media Access Control...................................... 6-1
Message Logging........................................... 10-5
Metric.................................................4-8, 5-5, 5-8
Multicast ................................................... 4-8, 5-5
Multiplexing
LLC-based ................................................. 3-16
VC-based ................................................... 3-16
Multiplexing ...........................1-4, 3-16, 3-21, 4-2
Multiprotocol Encapsulation.......................... 3-17
My WAN Address .................................... 4-8, 5-4
N
Nailed-Up Connection ..................................... 4-3
NAT............................................................... 8-16
Application .................................................. 7-3
Applying NAT in the SMT Menus.............. 7-6
Configuring ................................................. 7-8
Definitions ................................................... 7-1
Examples ................................................... 7-18
How NAT Works ........................................ 7-2
Mapping Types............................................ 7-4
Non NAT Friendly Application Programs 7-25
Ordering Rules .......................................... 7-12
What NAT does........................................... 7-2
Network Address Translation ........................ 3-22
Network Address Translation (NAT) .............. 7-1
Network Management ..................................... 1-4
P
Packet
Error .......................................................... 10-2
Received .................................................... 10-3
Transmitted................................................ 10-3
Packet Triggered................................... 10-6, 10-7
Packets ........................................................... 10-2
PAP.................................................................. 4-5
Password...................................2-7, 2-12, 4-5, 9-2
Ping................................................................ 10-8
Point-to-Point................................................. xviii
policy-based routing ...................................... 13-1
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Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
POTS Splitter................................................... 2-5
PPP Encapsulation ........................................... 5-2
PPP Log ......................................................... 10-7
PPPoA.............................................................. 4-2
Precedence ............................................ 13-1, 13-4
Private................................................4-8, 5-5, 5-8
Protocol.......................................................... 8-10
Protocol Filter Rules ...................................... 8-16
Q
Quality of Service .......................................... 13-1
R
RAS ...................................................... 10-4, 13-2
Rate
Receiving................................................... 10-2
Transmission ............................................. 10-2
Read Me First ..................................................xvii
Related Documentation.....................................xvi
Remote DHCP Server.................................... 3-10
Remote Management Limitations.................. 15-3
Remote Management Setup .................. 15-1, 15-2
Remote Node .......................................... 4-1, 10-2
Remote Node Profile ................................... 4-4
Remote Node Setup.............................. 4-1, 4-2
Remote Node Index Number ......................... 10-2
Remote Node Traffic ..................................... 8-21
Request to Send protocol ............................... 3-12
Required fields............................................... 2-10
RESET Button ................................................. 2-4
Restore Configuration.................................... 11-6
RF signals ...........................................................A
RFC-1483 ........................................................ 4-2
RFC-2364 ................................................. 4-2, 4-4
RIP......... 3-10, 4-8, 5-5. See Routing Information
Protocol
Routing Information Protocol.......................... 3-3
Direction...................................................... 3-3
Version ........................................................ 3-3
Routing Policy ............................................... 13-1
RTS....................................... See Request to Send
P
RTS Threshold ..................................... 3-11, 3-14
S
Sample IP Addresses ........................................5-2
Schedule Sets
Duration .....................................................14-2
SCR .....................................See Sustain Cell Rate
Server7-5, 7-8, 7-10, 7-13, 7-14, 7-14, 7-15, 7-16,
7-19, 7-20, 12-5
Service................................................................ iv
setup a schedule..............................................14-2
SMT Menu Overview.......................................2-8
SNMP
Community...................................................9-3
Configuration ...............................................9-2
Get................................................................9-2
Manager .......................................................9-2
MIBs ............................................................9-2
Trap ..............................................................9-2
Trusted Host.................................................9-3
Source-Based Routing ....................................13-1
Splitters.............................................................2-5
Static Route Setup ............................................5-5
Static Routing Topology...................................5-6
STP ...................................................................2-3
SUA..................................................................1-7
SUA (Single User Account) ................... See NAT
Subnet Mask ............ 3-2, 3-10, 4-7, 5-4, 5-8, 10-4
Support Disk..................................................... xvi
Supporting Disk................................................ xvi
Syntax Conventions.........................................xvii
Syslog .............................................................10-6
Syslog IP Address ..........................................10-6
Syslog Server..................................................10-6
System
Diagnostic ..................................................10-8
Log and Trace ............................................10-5
Syslog and Accounting ..............................10-6
System Information....................................10-4
System Status .............................................10-1
System Information ........................................10-3
Index
Prestige 650HW ADSL Router User’s Guide
System Information & Diagnosis................... 10-1
System Maintenance 10-1, 10-3, 11-2, 11-4, 11-6,
11-7, 11-9, 12-1, 12-2, 12-4
System Management Terminal ...................... 2-10
System Status ................................................. 10-2
System Timeout ............................................. 15-4
Type of Service...................13-1, 13-3, 13-4, 13-5
T
V
TCP/IP ................................. 5-1, 8-16, 10-8, 15-1
TCP/IP Options................................................ 5-1
TCP/IP Parameters........................................... 3-2
Telephone Microfilters..................................... 2-5
Telnet ............................................................. 15-1
Telnet Configuration ...................................... 15-1
Telnet Under NAT ......................................... 15-1
TFTP
And FTP Over WAN} ............................... 15-3
Restrictions ................................................ 15-3
TFTP File Transfer......................................... 11-9
Time and Date Setting........................... 12-4, 12-5
Time Zone...................................................... 12-5
To avoid damage to the Prestige ...................... 2-4
TOS (Type of Service)................................... 13-1
Trace Records ................................................ 10-5
Transmission Rates ................................... xvi, 1-1
VC-based Multiplexing ............................ 4-2, 5-1
VPI & VCI..................................................... 3-16
Index
U
UNIX Syslog ........................................ 10-5, 10-6
UNIX syslog parameters................................ 10-6
Upload Firmware ........................................... 11-6
W
WEP Encryption ............................................ 3-14
WEP security ................................................. 3-12
Wireless LAN ............................................3-11, A
Benefits...........................................................A
Wireless LAN Setup ...................................... 3-13
WLAN ..................................... See Wireless LAN
Z
ZyNOS.................................................. 11-1, 11-2
ZyNOS F/W Version ..................................... 11-1
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
Note ................................................................iv
Q
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