Furuno GP-80 Operator's Manual

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Furuno GP-80 Operator's Manual | Manualzz

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Telephone : 0798-65-2111

::

(( TENI

GP-80

*00080733902*

*00080733902*

*OME43740X00*

*OME43740X00*

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

"DANGER", "WARNING" and "CAUTION" notices appear throughout this manual. It is the responsibility of the operator and installer of the equipment to read, understand and follow these notices. If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions, please contact a FURUNO agent or dealer.

DANGER

This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

WARNING

This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION

This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury, or property damage.

iiiiiiiiiiiii

i

SAFETY INFORMATION

FOR THE OPERATOR

ii

WARNING

Do not open the cover of the

equipment.

This equipment uses high voltage electricity which can shock, burn or cause death.

Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.

Do not dissasemble or modify the equipment.

Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.

Immediately turn off the power at the ship's mains switchboard if water or foreign object falls into the equipment or the equipment is emitting smoke or fire.

Continued use of the equipment can cause fire, electrical shock or serious injury.

WARNING Label attached

WARNING

To avoid electrical shock, do not remove cover. No user-serviceable parts inside.

- -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Name :

Type :

Warning Label (1)

86-003-1011-0

Code No. : 100-236-230

CAUTION

Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.

Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipmtnt.

Do not place heater neat the equipment.

Heat can melt the power cord, which can result in fire or electrical shock.

Do not operate the unit with wet hands.

Electrical shock can result.

Use the correct fuse.

Use of the wrong fuse can cause fire or equipment damage.

No single navigation aid (including this unit) should ever be relied upon as the exclusive means for navigating your vessel.

The navigator is responsible for checking all aids available to confirm his position.

Electronic aids are intended to assist, not replace, the navigator.

Use of an autopilot with this unit, to provide automatic steering to destination, does not eliminate the need to maintain a watch.

Always maintains a vigilant watch to prevent collision or grounding.

TABLE OF

CONTENTS

FOREWORD ............................. v

4. NAVIGATION PLANNING

4.1 Registering Waypoints ...................... 4-1

4.2 Editing Waypoints ............................. 4-4

4.3 Deleting Waypoints ........................... 4-5

4.4 Registering Routes ............................ 4-5

4.5 Deleting Route Waypoints ................ 4-6

4.6 Replacing Route Waypoints .............. 4-7

4.7 Deleting Routes ................................ 4-7

SYSTEM OVERVIEW ............... 1

1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1.1 Control Description .......................... 1-1

1.2 Turning On and Off the Power ......... 1-2

1.3 Adjusting Display Contrast and

Brilliance .......................................... 1-3

1.4 Selecting the Display Mode .............. 1-3

1.5 Chart Icons ........................................ 1-6

5. STARTING FOR

DESTINATION

5.1 Setting Destination ........................... 5-1

5.2 Cancelling Destination...................... 5-5

5.3 Erasing Route Waypoints (flags) ...... 5-6

5.4 Finding Range and Bearing Between

Two Points ........................................ 5-7

2. TRACK

2.1 Enlarging/Shrinking the Display ...... 2-1

2.2 Selecting Display Orientation ........... 2-1

2.3 Shifting the Cursor ............................ 2-1

2.4 Shifting the Display .......................... 2-2

2.5 Centering Cursor Position................. 2-2

2.6 Centering Own Ship's Position ......... 2-2

2.7 Stopping/Starting Plotting and

Recording of Track ........................... 2-2

2.8 Erasing Track .................................... 2-3

2.9 Selecting Track Plotting Interval ...... 2-4

2.10 Apportioning the Memory .............. 2-5

2.11 Selecting Bearing Reference ........... 2-6

6. SETTING UP VARIOUS

DISPLAYS

6.1 Selecting Data to Display on the

Data Display ..................................... 6-1

6.2 Selecting Position Format ................. 6-2

6.3 Demo Display ................................... 6-4

7. ALARMS

7.1 Arrival Alarm, Anchor Watch

Alarm ................................................ 7-1

7.2 Cross Track Error (XTE) Alarm ....... 7-2

7.3 Ship’s Speed Alarm .......................... 7-3

7.4 Trip Alarm ......................................... 7-3

7.5 Water Temperature Alarm ................. 7-4

7.6 Depth Alarm ..................................... 7-4

7.7 DGPS Alarm ..................................... 7-4

3. MARKS

3.1 Entering/Erasing Marks .................... 3-1

3.2 Selecting Mark Shape ....................... 3-2

3.3 Connecting Marks (selecting mark

connection line) ................................ 3-2

3.4 Entering Event Marks ....................... 3-3

3.5 Selecting Event Mark Shape ............. 3-3

3.6 Entering the MOB Mark ................... 3-4

8. MENU SETTINGS

8.1 GPS Menu ......................................... 8-1

8.2 Selecting Units of Measurement ....... 8-3

8.3 Mark, Character Size and

Brilliance .......................................... 8-4

8.4 Settings for Connection of

Navigator .......................................... 8-6

iii

8.5 Receiving Data from Personal

Computer .......................................... 8-8

8.6 DGPS Settings ................................ 8-10

8.7 Displaying GPS Monitor Displays . 8-11

9. MAINTENANCE &

TROUBLESHOOTING

9.1 Clearing the Memory ........................ 9-1

9.2 Preventative Maintenance ................. 9-2

9.3 Error Messages ................................. 9-2

9.4 Troubleshooting ................................ 9-4

9.5 Self Tests ........................................... 9-5

10. INTRODUCTION TO GPS

10.1 What is GPS? ................................ 10-1

10.2 How the GPS Receiver

Calculates Position........................ 10-1

10.3 Position-fixing Accuracy

(HDOP) ......................................... 10-2

APPENDIX

Specifications ......................................... A-1

Digital Interface (IEC 61162-1) ............. A-3

Time Differences ................................. A-18

Geodetic Chart List .............................. A-19

Loran C Chains .................................... A-20

Decca Chains ....................................... A-21

Glossary ............................................... A-22

INDEX ............................................. Index-1

Declaration of conformity

iv

FOREWORD

A Word to GP-80 Owners

Congratulations on your choice of the

FURUNO GP-80 GPS Navigator. We are confident you will see why the FURUNO name has become synonymous with quality and reliability.

For over 50 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for innovative and dependable marine electronics equipment. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers.

Your navigator is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless operated and maintained properly. Please carefully read and follow the recommended procedures for operation and maintenance.

We would appreciate hearing from you, the end-user, about whether we are achieving our purposes.

Thank you for considering and purchasing

FURUNO equipment.

• Man overboard feature records latitude and longitude coordinates at time of man overboard and provides continuous updates of range and bearing to that point

• DGPS capability—with built-in DGPS beacon kit, or accepts DGPS correction data from external DGPS beacon receiver

• Menu-driven operation

• Bright 122 x 92 mm LCD with temperature compensated tone and brilliance adjustment

• Power consumption is a low 10 W.

• Provision for connection of autopilot (option)—steering data output to autopilot

• Digital display of water temperature and depth with connection of video sounder

(with NMEA input)

• Memory stores 2,000 points of track and marks

• "Highway" display provides perspective view

• Position may be shown in latitude and longitude or LOP (Loran or Decca)

• Four connectors for optional equipment two IEC 61162-1/NMEA 0183 I/O, one

IEC 61162-1/NMEA 0183 (or log) output and one DGPS for personal computer) I/O

Program No.

2051511-01.01 (Mar. 2003)

Features

The GP-80 GPS Navigator is a totally integrated GPS receiver and video plotter consisting of a display unit and an antenna unit.

The high sensitivity receiver tracks up to eight satellites simultaneously. An 8-state Kalman filter ensure optimum accuracy in determination of vessel position, course and speed.

In most cases the operator need do no more than turn on the power to find position.

The main features of the GP-80 are

• Comprehensive navigation data displays

• Storage for 999 waypoints and 30 routes

• Alarms: Arrival, Anchor Watch, Crosstrack Error, Ship's Speed, Water Temperature, Depth, and Trip

v

This page is intentionally left blank.

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

1. Menu Tree

Display selection menu

DISPLAY

SEL

Select Display (Plotter 1, Plotter 2, Highway, Navigation and Data displays)

Main menu

MENU

ESC

1. DISPLAY SETUP

2. TRACK/MARK SETUP

3. ERASE TRACK/MARK

4. ALARM SETTINGS 1/2 ALARM SETTINGS 2/2

5. MANUAL CALCULATION

6.

7. GPS MONITOR

SATELLITE MONITOR

BEACON RCVR MONITOR

STATION MESSAGE

8. SELF TESTS

1. MEMORY, I/O PORT TEST

2. KEYBOARD TEST

3. TEST PATTERN

4. AUTOMATIC TESTING

9. SYSTEM SETTINGS

1. PLOTTER SETUP

2. UNIT SETUP

3. DATA1, 3 OUTPUT SETUP

4. DATA2 OUTPUT SETUP

5. DATA4 I/O SETUP

DATA4 I/O SETUP 1/2 Out/Com./DGPS

DATA4 I/O SETUP "Out" 2/2

DATA4 I/O SETUP "Com." 2/2

DATA4 I/O SETUP "DGPS" 2/2

6. GPS SETUP GPS SETUP 1/2

7. DGPS SETUP

GPS SETUP 2/2

8. LOP SETUP

9. CLEAR MEMORY

1

2

Waypoint, route menu

WPT

RTE

1. Cursor

2. MOB/Event Position

3. Own Ship Position

4. Waypoint List WAYPOINT LIST

5. Route Planning ROUTE LIST

GOTO menu

GOTO

1. Cursor

2. MOB/Event Position

3. Waypoint List GOTO "Waypoint List"

4. Route List GOTO "Route List"

5. Cancel

2. System Configuration

ANTENNA UNIT

Receives signal from

GPS satellite beacon reference station.

GPA-017S

GPA-018S

(for DGPS)

1.2 m Whip antenna

GPA-019S

(for DGPS)

Ship’s Mains

10.2 to 31.2 VDC

DISPLAY UNIT

Receives ans processes

GPS signals to fix position and display it in latitude/longitude or LOP.

3

3. Operation Flow Chart

Select display mode

• Plotter 1 (own ship's track and data)

• Plotter 2 (own ship's track)

• Highway (ship's track overlaid on

navigation lane)

• Navigation (graphic navigation data

display for steering)

• Data (alphanumeric navigation data)

Set destination temporarily

Register waypoints

• By latitude and longitude

• By LOP

Register routes

Set destination

Display steering data

Set alarms

Perform other operations as required.

(Position correction, geodetic chart to use, enter smoothing, calculate range and bearing to a point, etc.)

4

1. OPERATIONAL

OVERVIEW

1.1 Control Description

Cursor keys

Shift display and cursor.

Opens/closes menu; quits current operation.

Selects display mode.

Registers waypoints and routes.

Inscribes mark on the display.

Expands display range.

Centers ship's position/cursor position.

Adjusts display contrast; changes latitude/longitude coordinate.

MENU

ESC

NU/CU

ENT

DISPLAY

SEL

1

EVENT

MOB

6

WPT

RTE

2

GOTO

7

MARK

3

PLOT

ON/OFF

8

ZOOM

IN

4

ZOOM

OUT 9

CENTER

5

CURSOR

ON/OFF 0

TONE

CLEAR

POWER

Selects display orientation; registers selections on menus.

Inscribes event mark at ship's position; marks man overboard position

Sets destination.

Turns recording and plotting of ship's track on/off.

Decreases display range.

Turns cursor on/off.

Deletes waypoints and marks; clears wrong data; silences audible alarm.

Turns power on/off.

Figure 1-1 Control panel

1 – 1

1.2 Turning On and Off the

Power

The GP-80 takes about two minutes to find position when turned on for the very first time.

Thereafter it takes about 20 seconds to find position each time the power is turned on.

Turning on the power

Press the [POWER] key.

The unit tests the PROGRAM MEMORY,

SRAM and battery for proper operation and shows the results on the display. If equipped with the internal beacon receiver, "BEACON

RCVR INSTALLED" appears at the bottom of the display. The unit starts up with the last used display mode.

PROGRAM MEMORY = OK

SRAM = OK

Internal Battery = OK

BEACON RCVR INSTALLED*

DATA #3 : LOG PULSE OUTPUT

Several seconds later

A

GPS receiving condition

When turning on the power the following occurs:

20 seconds after turning on the power, accurate position (in latitude and longitude) appears on the display.

If position could not be found, "NO FIX" appears at the GPS receiver condition window.

When PDOP value exceeds 6 in the 3D mode or HDOP value exceeds 4 in the 2D mode,

"DOP" appears to indicate abnormal fixing and the position indication could not be updated.

When the satellite signal is being received normally, one of the indications shown in Table

1-1 appears depending on equipment setting and GPS receiver state.

Table 1-1 GPS receiver indication

E q u i p m e n t s e t t i n g

2 D

3 D

D i f f e r e n t i a l

2 D

D i f f e r e n t i a l

3 D

G i n

G

G

D

P d i

P

P

G

S

S

S

P

c a t i o

S

r

2

3

e

D

D

2

c e i n

( n

( n

D

v e r s

o r m a o r m a

( n o r m

t

l ) l )

a t

a l )

D G P S 3 D ( n o r m a l )

e

34

°

23.456´ N 135

°

45.678´ E GPS 3D

*: This indication is only when beacon re-

30 ceiver is installed.

BRG

---

°

turning on the power

CSE

7

°

RNG

123

20

12.3 kt

Figure 1-2 Appearnace of display when turning on the power

1 – 2

Note 1: When PDOP value exceeds 6 in the

3D mode, the position fixing method is automatically changed to 2D.

Note 2: The "DEMO" icon appears when the display is in the demonstration mode. To return to normal mode, turn off the power and turn it on while pressing and holding down the [NU/

CU ENT] key.

Note 3: Refer to page 10-2 about HDOP and

PDOP.

1.4 Selecting the Display

Mode

1) Press the [DISPLAY SEL] key. The display shown in Figure 1-4 appears.

Select Display

Turning the power off

Press the [POWER] key.

The next time you turn on the power the unit starts up with the last used display mode.

Plotter 2

Highway

Navigation

Data

(DATUM: WGS-84)*

: Select

MENU : Escape

1.3 Adjusting Display

Contrast and Brilliance

1) Press the [TONE] key. The display shown in Figure 1-3 appears.

Tone:

Brilliance:

[–] [+]

8 (0~31)

4 (0~4)

* Shows currently selected geodetic chart

datum.

Figure 1-4 Screen for selection of display mode

2) Press the [DISPLAY SEL] key, ▲ or ▼ to select display mode. (When the [DIS-

PLAY SEL] key is pressed, the display mode changes in sequence shown below.)

Selected display mode appears about 15 seconds later.

Plotter 1 Plotter 2 Highway

Data Navigation

MENU : Escape

Sample displays of each display mode are shown in the figures on the next several pages.

Figure 1-3 Screen for adjustment of display contrast and brilliance

2) To adjust contrast, press t or s. Current setting and setting range (0–31) are shown to the right of "s".

3) To adjust brilliance, press ▲ or ▼. Current setting and setting range (0–4) are shown to the right of "▲".

Note: Operate cursor keys within 10 seconds after pressing the [TONE] key. Otherwise, the screen for adjustment of contrast and brilliance will be cleared.

1 – 3

Plotter 1 display Plotter 2 display

Cursor position or lighthouse data, when cursor is on

Bearing from own ship to destination waypoint

Own ship's track

Own ship mark

Course bar

Alarm range

GPS receiving condition

Ship's position appears when cursor is off

34

°

23.456´ N 135

°

45.678´ E

DGPS 3D

30

[01]

H

WGS84

2.00 nm

34

°

23.456´ N 135

°

45.678´ E DGPS 3D

30

40

20

[01]

50

BRG

44

°

CSE

32

°

BRG TO +

123

°

RNG TO +

11.5

nm

H

WGS84

2.00 nm

40

Horizontal range Course width

Course

Grid

Cursor

Speed, or range from own ship to cursor

Course

Range from own ship to destination waypoint, or bearing from own ship to cursor

Highway display

Position

20

50

Figure 1-6 Plotter 2 display

Bearing from own ship to detination waypoint

Course

Figure 1-5 Plotter 1 display

WGS84

North mak

Own ship mark

Cross track error scale

Speed

Range from own ship to destination waypoint

Figure 1-7 Highway display

1 – 4

Navigation display

2) With autopilot connection, automatic mode

1) No autopilot connection

Destination waypoint no.

Cross track error meter

Bearing scale

Bearing from own ship to destination waypoint

Velocity To

Destination

Speed

TO;

012

0.1nm

N

BRG

63°

CSE

123°

E

S

DGPS 3D

SPD

12.3 kt

VTD

10.3 kt

0.1nm

RNG

123 nm

ETA 15 TTG 3D

23:45' 17H 45M

TRIP

789 nm

Estimated Time of

Arrival (15th23:45)

Cross track error scale

Trip distance

Time To Go

(3days17hrs45min)

Cross track error indication

Range from own ship to destination waypoint

TO;

012

0.1nm

N

Auto Pilot

Auto

Auto mode

BRG:

63°

CSE:

123°

E

S

DGPS 3D

SPD

12.3 kt

VTD

10.3 kt

RNG

0.1nm

123 nm

Hdg

123°

Str

P 23°

TRIP

789 nm

Heading

Figure 1-9 Navigation display, with autopilot connection, automatic mode

3) Autopilot connection, modes other than

automatic mode (manual, nav, etc.)

Figure 1-9 Navigation display, no autopilot connection

TO;

- - -

0.1nm

N

Auto Pilot

Man

BRG:

63°

CSE:

123°

E

S

DGPS 3D

SPD

12.3 kt

VTD

10.3 kt

0.1nm

AP CSE

123°

Hdg

123°

Str

P 23°

TRIP

789 nm

Heading

Rudder angle

Man: Manual mode

Nav: Nav mode

Other:---

Autopilot-set course

Figure 1-10 Navigation display, with autopilot connection, modes other than the automatic mode

1 – 5

Data display

(Window assignment and size of characters are user-definable)

Fixing date and time*

Position in latitude and longitude or LOPs

Cursor

SEP 12, 1995 23:59'59" U

DGPS 3D

POSITION

12

°

23.456' N

123

°

23.456' E

WGS84

RNG

31.23

nm

SPD

12.3

kt

BRG

CSE

223.4

°

123.4

°

TO : 001

MARINE

POINT1

NEXT

: 002

MARINE

POINT2

User-defined display data #1

User-defined display data #2

User-defined display window

User-defined display data #4

Current destination waypoint

Next destination waypoint

User-defined display data #3

Figure 1-11 Data display mode

*: "- -" appears until calculating position after turning on the power. If fixing error occurs this indication stops.

1.5 Chart Icons

Various icons appear on the display to alert you to equipment status.

: L/L position offset applied.

: Track recording tunned off.

: Alarm is violated.

: North mark.

: Demonstration display.

1 – 6

2. TRACK

2.1 Enlarging/Shrinking the

Display

You may enlarge and shrink the display on the Plotter 1 and Plotter 2 displays, with the

[ZOOM IN] and [ZOOM OUT] keys. The horizontal range is available among 0.25, 0.5,

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 and 192 nautical miles for plotter 1 and 0.36, 0.71, 1.42, 2.84,

5.69, 11.38, 22.76, 45.51, 91.02, 182.04,

273.07 nautical miles for plotter 2 display.

The [ZOOM IN] key enlarges the display and the [ZOOM OUT] key shrinks it. Each time a zoom key is pressed the display range appears at the center of the display for about three seconds.

2.3 Shifting the Cursor

The cursor can be shifted with the cursor keys.

1) Press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn on the cursor.

2) Press the cursor keys.

The cursor moves in the direction of the cursor key pressed. When the cursor reaches the edge of the display, the display shifts in the direction opposite.

Data and cursor state

Cursor state determines what data are shown on the display.

Cursor turned on, cursor data

2.2 Selecting Display

Orientation

Cursor position is displayed in latitude and longitude or LOPs (depending on menu setting) at the top of the display. The range and bearing from own ship to the cursor appear at the right hand side of the display, when in the

Plotter 1 display.

Display orientation can be selected on the

Plotter 1, Plotter 2 and Highway displays, with the [NU/CU ENT] key. Two display orientations are available: north-up and course-up.

Cursor turned off

Cursor mark Cursor position in

latitude and longitude

North-up display

In the north-up display, true north (0 ) is at the top of the display. Own ship moves on the display in accordance with true speed and true motion. Land is stationary.

Course-up display

Destination set

The destination is at the top of the display and the north mark ( ) appears at the left side of the display.

WGS84

2.0 nm

34

°

23.456´ N 135

°

45.678´ E DGPS 3D

BRG

234

°

CSE

345

°

BRG To +

123

°

RNG To +

11.5

nm

Cursor

Destination not set

Range from own ship to cursor

Ship's heading or course is at the top of the display. The north mark appears at the left side of the display.

Bearing from own ship to cursor

Figure 2-1 Data displayed when

the cursor in on

2 – 1

Cursor turned off

Ship's position (in latitude and longitude or

LOPs), speed and course appear on the display.

Own ship mark

Own ship position in latitude and longitude

2.5 Centering Cursor

Position

1) Press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn on the cursor.

2) Press the cursor keys to position the cursor.

3) Press the [CENTER] key.

34° 23.456´ N 135° 45.678´ E DGPS 3D

BRG

234°

CSE

345°

RNG

123 nm

SPD

12.3

kt

Speed

Course

2.6 Centering Own Ship's

Position

1) Press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn off the cursor.

2) Press the [CENTER] key.

Figure 2-2 Data displayed when

the cursor is turned off

2.4 Shifting the Display

The display can be shifted on the Plotter 1 and Plotter 2 displays, with the [CURSOR

ON/OFF] key. When own ship tracks off the display it is automatically returned to the screen center.

1) Press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn off the cursor.

2) Press the cursor keys. The display shifts in the direction of the cursor key pressed.

2.7 Stopping/Starting Plotting and Recording of Track

The GP-80 stores 2,000 points of track and marks. When the memory becomes full the oldest track is erased to make room for the latest. Thus you may want to conserve the memory when, for example, you are returning to port or are anchored.

Procedure

Press the [PLOT ON/OFF] key to start/stop recording and plotting of track.

When plotting is resumed

"Resuming track plot" appears at the center of the display for about three seconds.

When plotting is stopped

"Stopping track plot" appears at the center of the display for about three seconds and "

H

" appears at the left side of the display. ("

H

" does not appear on the Navigation and Data displays.)

2 – 2

Hold icon

(appears while recording of track is stopped)

2.8 Erasing Track

The track stored in the memory and displayed on the screen can be erased.

H

34° 23.456´ N 135° 45.678´ E DGPS 3D

BRG

234°

CSE

345°

RNG

123 nm

SPD

12.3

kt

This portion of track does not appear on the display

Own ship

Recording of track started

Ship’s track while recording is stopped

Recording of track turned off

Figure 2-3 Track not plotted or recorded when plotting is stopped

CAUTION

Track cannot be restored once erased. Be absolutely sure you want to erase all track.

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key. The MAIN

MENU appears.

MAIN MENU

2. TRACK/MARK SETUP

3. ERASE TRACK/MARK

4. ALARM SETTINGS

5. MANUAL CALCULATION

6.

7. GPS MONITOR

8. SELF TESTS

9. SYSTEM SETTINGS

ENT: Enter MENU: Escape

Figure 2-4 MAIN MENU

2) Press [3] to select ERASE TRACK/

MARK.

ERASE TRACK/MARK

Erase Track

Erase Mark

No

No

Yes

Yes

Track Pts. Used: 345/1000 Pt

Mark Pts. Used:

123/1000 Pt

: Select

MENU: Escape

Figure 2-5 ERASE TRACK/MARK menu

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Erase Track.

4) Press s to select Yes. The message shown in Figure 2-6 appears.

2 – 3

Are you sure to erase ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

Figure 2-6 Prompt for erasure of track, mark

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

2.9 Selecting Track Plotting

Interval

The plotting interval determines both how the track will be reconstructed on the display and track storage time. A shorter interval provides more accurate reconstruction of track line, however total storage time is reduced. The plotting interval can be selected by time or distance. Plotting by distance offers the advantage that the track is not stored when the vessel is anchored.

Plotting interval by time

The setting range for plotting by time is 00 to

60 minutes.

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2) Press [2] to display the TRACK/MARK

SETUP menu.

TRACK/MARK SETUP

Track Rec

Time

(01'00)

Mark Shape

Dist

(00.50nm)

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Track Rec.

4) Press t to select Time.

5) Enter plotting interval in four digits. To enter 30 seconds, for example, press [0]

[0] [3] [0].

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Plotting interval by distance

The setting range for plotting by distance is

0.01 to 99.99 nautical miles. To plot all track, enter 00.00.

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2) Press [2] to display the TRACK/MARK

SETUP menu.

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Track Rec.

4) Press s to select Distance.

5) Enter plotting interval. To enter 0.1 nautical miles, for example, press [0] [0] [1].

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Mark Line

Event Mark

ENT: Enter

: Select

MENU: Escape

Figure 2-7 TRACK/MARK SETUP menu

2 – 4

2.10 Apportioning the

Memory

The memory holds 2,000 points of track and marks and may be apportioned as you like.

The default memory setting stores 1,000 points each of track and marks.

CAUTION

All data are erased whenever the memory apportion setting is changed, even when the previous value is re-entered.

To store 1,500 points of track and 500 marks, for example, do the following:

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2) Press [9] to display the SYSTEM SET-

TINGS menu.

SYSTEM SETTINGS

1. PLOTTER SETUP

3. DATA 1, 3 OUTPUT SETUP

4. DATA 2 OUTPUT SETUP

5. DATA 4 I/O SETUP

6. GPS SETUP

7. DGPS SETUP

8. LOP SETUP

9. CLEAR MEMORY

ENT: Enter MENU: Escape

Figure 2-8 SYSTEM SETTNGS menu

3) Press [1] to display the PLOTTER SETUP menu.

PLOTTER SETUP

Memory Apportion Trk = 1000 / 2000Pt

Bearing Ref.

True

Mag

Mag Variation

Auto

(07° W)

Man

(00° E)

Calculation

R.L

G.C

User defined #1

User defined #2

User defined #3

User defined #4

ENT: Enter

RNG

SPD

BRG

CSE

MENU: Escape

Figure 2-9 PLOTTER SETUP menu

4) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Memory Apportion.

5) Enter amount of track to store, in four digits. To store 1,500 track points, for example, press [1] [5] [0] [0].

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key, or ▲ or ▼.

You are asked if it is all right to erase all data.

Setting erases all data!

Are you sure to change ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

Figure 2-10

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2 – 5

2.11 Selecting Bearing

Reference

Ship's course and bearing to waypoint may be displayed in true or magnetic bearing.

Magnetic bearing is true bearing plus (or minus) earth's magnetic deviation.

Displaying true or magnetic bearing

The default setting displays magnetic bearings.

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2) Press [9] to display the SYSTEM SET-

TINGS menu.

3) Press [1] to display the PLOTTER SETUP menu.

4) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Bearing Ref.

5) Press t or s to select True or Mag.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key, ▲ or ▼.

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Entering magnetic variation

The location of the magnetic north pole is different from the geographical north pole. This causes a difference between the true and magnetic north direction. This difference is called magnetic variation, and varies with respect to the observation point on the earth. Magnetic variation may be entered automatically or manually.

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2) Press [9] to display the SYSTEM SET-

TINGS menu.

3) Press [1] to display the PLOTTER SETUP menu.

4) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Mag Variation.

5) Press t or s to select Auto or Man. For automatic, current variation appears in parentheses.

6) For manual entry, enter variation in two digits, referring to a nautical chart. If the variation is 10

°

, for example, press [1] [0].

7) If necessary, press the [ ] key to change coordinate from east to west or vice versa.

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

9) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2 – 6

3. MARKS

3.1 Entering/Erasing Marks

Marks can be inscribed on the Plotter 1 and

Plotter 2 displays. You may inscribe a mark anywhere, in one of 13 shapes. Further, can be connected with lines, to denote net location, etc.

Note 1: When the mark memory becomes full no marks can be entered. When this occurs, the buzzer sounds and the message shown below appears on the display for three seconds to alert you. To enter a mark when the mark memory is full, erase unnecessary marks.

At cursor intersection

1) Press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn on the cursor.

2) Operate the cursor keys to place the cursor on the location for the mark.

3) Press the [MARK] key.

Erasing marks

CAUTION

All marks, including event marks and the

MOB mark, are erased on the ERASE

MARK menu. Be absolutely sure you want to erase all marks; erased marks cannot be restored.

Can't save mark

Memory full

Figure 3-1

Note 2: Marks cannot be entered when there is no position data. When this occurs, the buzzer sounds and the message shown below appears on the display for thre3e seconds to alert you.

Check the antenna cable for tight connection.

Can't save mark

No position data

Figure 3-2

Erasing individual marks

1) Place cursor on the mark to erase.

2) Press the [CLEAR] key.

Erasing all marks

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [3] to display the

ERASE TRACK/MARK menu.

ERASE TRACK/MARK

Erase Track

Erase Mark

No

No

Yes

Yes

Track Pts. Used:

Mark Pts. Used:

345/1000 Pt

123/1000 Pt

Entering marks

At own ship position

1) Press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn off the cursor.

2) Press the [MARK] key.

: Select

MENU: Escape

Figure 3-3 ERASE TRACK/MARK menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Erase Mark.

3) Press s to select YES.

3 – 1

Are you sure to erase ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

Figure 3-4

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

3.2 Selecting Mark Shape

13 mark shapes are available. Select mark shape as follows:

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [2] to display the

TRACK/MARK SETUP menu.

TRACK/MARK SETUP

Track Rec

Time

(01'00)

Mark Shape

Dist

(00.50nm)

3.3 Connecting Marks

(selecting mark connection line)

Marks can be connected with lines to denote net location, fishing spot, etc. Three types of connection lines are available and the "•" setting disables connection of lines.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [2]

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Mark Line.

3) Press t or s to select mark line desired.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Mark Line

Event Mark

ENT: Enter

: Select

MENU: Escape

Figure 3-5 TRACK/MARK SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Mark Shape.

3) Press t or s to select mark shape desired.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

The next mark entered will be inscribed in the shape selected here.

3 – 2

3.4 Entering Event Marks

Event marks can denote any important present position; for example, a good fishing spot.

Event marks can be saved as ordinary marks and the unit automatically numbers them from

01 to 99.

Note 1: When the mark memory becomes full no event marks can be entered. When this occurs, the buzzer sounds and the message shown below appears on the display for three seconds to alert you. To enter an event mark when the mark memory is full, erase unnecessary event marks.

Can't save event

Memory full

3.5 Selecting Event Mark

Shape

Event marks are available in 10 shapes. Select event mark shape as follows.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [2] to display the

TRACK/MARK SETUP menu.

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Event Mark.

3) Press t or s to select event mark shape desired.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

The next event mark entered will be inscribed in the shape selected here.

Figure 3-6

Note 2: Event Marks cannot be entered when there is no position data. When this occurs, the buzzer sounds and the message shown below appears on the display for three seconds to alert you. Check the antenna cable for tight connection.

Can't save event/MOB

No position data

Figure 3-7

Entering event marks

1) Press the [EVENT MOB] key less than three seconds. The position at the exact moment the key is pressed is saved as an event position.

Saved event position

34°40.123’ N

135°21.123’ E

Figure 3-8

To erase event marks, see "3.1 Entering/

Erasing Marks".

3 – 3

3.6 Entering the MOB Mark

The MOB mark denotes man overboard position. To mark man overboard position, press the [EVENT MOB] key. When the key is pressed, the position at the exact moment the key is pressed automatically becomes the destination. Further, the Plotter 1 display replaces the display in use when it is other than a plotter display.

Only one MOB mark may be entered, and each time the MOB mark is entered the previous MOB mark and its position data are written over.

Note: The MOB mark cannot be entered when there is no position data. When this occurs, the buzzer sounds and the message shown below appears on the display for three seconds to alert you. Check the antenna cable for tight connection.

2) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. If the display in use is Highway, Navigation or

Data, they are automatically replaced by the Plotter 2 display.

Note: You may cancel MOB position as destination by pressing the [MENU ESC] key instead of the [NU/CU ENT] key at step 2. Note that the

MOB mark remains on the display.

Erasing MOB mark

See "3.1 Entering/Erasing Marks". (MOB marks cannot be erased with the cursor.)

Can't save event/MOB

No position data

Figure 3-9

1) Press the [EVENT MOB] key for at least three seconds.

The MOB mark ("M") is entered at the

MOB position and the message shown in

Figure 3-10 appears.

Saved MOB position

Are you sure to change course to MOB position ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

Figure 3-10

3 – 4

4. NAVIGATION

PLANNING

4.1 Registering Waypoints

In navigation terminology a waypoint is a particular location on a voyage whether it be a starting, intermediate or destination waypoint.

The GP-80 can store 999 waypoints, numbered from 001–999. Waypoints can be registered four ways:

• by cursor

• by MOB position or event position

• at own ship's position, and

• through the waypoint list.

Registering waypoints by the cursor

1) Press the [WPT RTE] key. The Waypoint/

Route menu appears.

Waypoint/Route

2. MOB/Event Position

3. Own ship Position

4. Waypoint List

5. Route Planning

: Cursor

ENT: Enter

MENU: Escape

The display changes to Plotter 2 when the

Highway, Navigation or Data mode is in use.

3) Press the cursor keys to place the cursor on the location desired for the waypoint.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

A window similar to the one shown in Figure 4-3 appears. The waypoint's position and date and time registered appear on the first and second lines. Waypoints are automatically given the youngest empty waypoint number and this number appears on the third line. You may, however, assign a different number. If the waypoint shares the same position with a mark, the mark's position and date and time entered are registered as waypoint data.

If the waypoint memory is full, the waypoint number line in the window is blank. In this case waypoints cannot be entered unless a waypoint is written over or deleted.

To assign waypoint number, go to step 5.

If you do not want to change the waypoint number, go to step 6 to select mark shape and enter comment.

30° 12.345' N 135° 23.456' W

AUG 12’ 95 12 : 34U

No. :

Mark :

Cmnt :

: Cursor

ENT: Enter

: Column

MENU: Escape

Figure 4-1 Waypoint/Route menu

2) Press [1] to select Cursor. The following display appears.

Place cursor on desired location

Figure 4-3

5) Enter waypoint number, in three digits

(001–999).

ENT: Enter MENU: Escape

Figure 4-2

4 – 1

6) Press ▼ to select waypoint mark shape.

The following display appears.

: Cursor

ENT: Enter MENU: Escape

Figure 4-4 Screen for selecting waypoint mark shape

7) Press t or s to select mark shape.

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The display shown in Figure 4-5 appears.

Control is returned to the last used display mode.

When the waypoint number entered at step

5 already exists, the message shown in

Figure 4-4 appears if the waypoint is part of the current destination or route or is part of a route. If it is alright to write over the waypoint and its data, press the [Y] key.

To change waypoint number, press the [N] key.

1st line

Are you sure to change ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No abcde

fghij klmno pqrst uvwxyz

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 _ # % ’ ( ) + - . / : ; < = > ?

ENTER

COMMENT:

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

: Cursor

ENT: Set MENU: Escape

Figure 4-5 Screen for entry of comment for waypoint

9) You may enter a comment, as shown in the procedure which follows, or skip to step 10 to finish. The comment may consist of up to 12 alphanumeric characters.

1 Press the cursor keys to select alphanumeric character.

2 Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. Selected character appears on the COMMENT line.

• To create a space, select "_".

• Numeric data can be input directly by pressing numeric keys.

• To clear wrong data, press the

[CLEAR] key.

3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 to complete the comment.

4 Select ENTER and press the [NU/CU

ENT] key.

10) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

This wpt is GOTO

This wpt is in registered route

This wpt is in selected route

Figure 4-6

Note: If you fail to enter waypoint number, "Enter waypoint number" appears on the display for three seconds.

4 – 2

Registering waypoints by MOB position/event position

The MOB position or an event position can be registered as a waypoint. Event marks are numbered from 01 to 99; 01 is the latest event mark.

Note: You cannot register a MOB position or event position when there are no MOB positions or event positions saved. The buzzer sounds and the message shown in Figure 4-7 appears for three seconds to alert you.

Registering waypoints by own ship's position

Note: When there is no position data, you cannot register a waypoint at own ship's position.

The buzzer sounds and the following message appears.

No position data

No MOB/event data in memory

Figure 4-7

1) Press the [WPT/RTE] key.

2) Press [2] to select MOB/Event Position.

The display shown in Figure 4-8 appears.

[MOB] Displaying MOB data

34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' E

ENT:Enter

: Paging

ENT: Enter

MENU: Escape

Figure 4-9

1) Press the [WPT/RTE] key.

2) Press [3] to select Own Ship Position.

3) Follow steps 5 through 11 in "Registering waypoints by the cursor" on page 4-1.

Registering waypoints through the waypoint list

1) Press the [WPT/RTE] key.

2) Press [4] to display the waypoint list.

3) Press [ ] to select position format; latitude and longitude or LOP.

WAYPOINT LIST (L/L)

001

34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' W

002

MARINE POINT AUG 12' 95 12 : 35U

36° 12.345' N 135° 23.456' W

A POINT AUG 13' 95 13 : 45U

003 ° . ' N ° . ' W

Figure 4-8

3) Press t or s to display the MOB position or event position to register as a waypoint.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Follow steps 5 through 11 in "Registering waypoints by the cursor" on page 4-1.

004 ° . ' N ° . ' W

: L/L´LOP

ENT: Enter

: Edit

MENU: Escape

Figure 4-10

4) Press ▲ or ▼ to select waypoint number.

5) Press t or s to enter position. The display should now look something like Figure 4-11.

4 – 3

Edit = Waypoint : 001

_ _°

_ _._ _ _' N _ _ _°_ _._ _ _' W

Mark :

__

Cmnt :

: Cursor

ENT: Enter

: Column

MENU: Escape

4.2 Editing Waypoints

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select waypoint to edit.

3) Press s.

4) Edit the contents of the waypoint.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The message shown in Figure 4-12 appears if the waypoint is currently selected as destination, is part of a route, or is in the route currently selected as destination.

Figure 4-11

6) Enter latitude and longitude. To enter

34

°

12.345' N 135

°

23.456' E, for example, press;

([ ]) [3] [4] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

([ ]) [1] [3] [5] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

To change N to S or E to W, press [ ].

7) Press ▼.

8) Press t or s to select mark.

9) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

10) Enter comment.

11) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key twice.

The waypoint list reappears. Waypoint position and date and time the waypoint was entered appear on the list.

12) To enter another waypoint through the waypoint list, return to step 4.

13) Press the [MENU ESC] key to finish.

1st line

Are you sure to erase ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

This wpt is GOTO

This wpt is in registered route

This wpt is in selected route

Figure 4-12

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

The waypoint and its data are deleted.

Enter new data, referring to "4.1 Registering Waypoints".

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

4 – 4

4.3 Deleting Waypoints

Deleting waypoints by the cursor

1) Place the cursor on the waypoint to delete.

2) Press the [CLEAR] key.

Deleting waypoints through the waypoint list

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select waypoint to delete.

3) Press the [CLEAR] key. The message shown in Figure 4-13 appears if the waypoint is currently selected as destination, is part of a route, or is in the route currently selected as destination.

4.4 Registering Routes

Often a trip from one place to another involves several course changes, requiring a series of route points which you navigate to, one after another. The sequence of waypoints leading to the ultimate destination is called a route.

The GP-80 can automatically advance to the next waypoint on a route, so you do not have to change the destination waypoint repeatedly.

The GP-80 can store 30 routes and each route may contain up to 30 waypoints. Routes can be registered while in the Plotter 1 or Plotter

2 display mode.

1st line

Are you sure to erase ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

This wpt is GOTO

This wpt is in registered route

This wpt is in selected route

Figure 4-13

Note: All waypoint marks (as well as all other marks) and their data can be cleared collectively by clearing the Plotter memory.

For further details, see page 9-1.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Note: To cancel erasure, press the [MENU

ESC] key instead of the [NU/CU ENT] key.

The waypoint list appears.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Registering routes

1) Press the [WPT/RTE] key.

2) Press [5] to select Route Planning. The route list appears.

03

04

05

06

No. PTS Total Dist. TTG Remarks

01

30

1234 . 56 nm

12D15H28M

UseFwd

02 25

30

30

ROUTE LIST

234 . 56 nm

2D08H35M

*999. 99 nm

*9D*9H*9M

D H M . nm

6543 . 21 nm

. nm

34D23H45M

D H M

: Route No.

ENT: Enter

: Edit

MENU: Escape

Remarks

Use: In use

Fwd: Traverse waypoints in forward order

Rvs: Traverse waypoints in reverse order

Figure 4-14 Route list

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select route number.

4) Press s.

The route planning/waypoint list window appear as shown in Figure 4-15. The waypoint list window lists the position and data for each registered waypoint. No position or data appears for empty waypoints.

4 – 5

ROUTE : 01 (In Use , REVERSE) skip Distance TTG

Trial Speed : Auto Man (012.0kt)

01

02

EN

EN

.

.

nm nm

D M H

D M H

001

34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' E

002

MARINE POINT

AUG 12' 95 12 : 35U

36° 12.345' N 135° 23.456' E

A POINT

AUG 13' 95 13 : 45U

: RTE WPT

CLEAR: Delete

ENT: Enter MENU: Escape

Use: In use

Fwd: Traverse waypoints in forward order

Rvs: Traverse waypoints in reverse order

Figure 4-15 Route editing screen

5) If required, press ▲ to enter the speed by which to calculate time-to-go.

6) Press t or s to select Auto or Man.

2 Using previously registered waypoints

Route editing screen

Enter waypoints in the order they will be traversed; not by waypoint number order.

7) Press [ ]. The reverse video on the waypoint on route planing screen disapperars.

Waypoint list

8) Press ▲ or ▼ to select waypoint number.

9) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. Selected waypoint number appears on the route editing screen. The distance and time-togo indications to the first waypoint entered are blank.

10) To enter other route waypoints, repeat steps 8 and 9.

11) Press the [MENU ESC] key to finish.

Note: To return to the route editing screen, press

[ ].

Auto: Current average speed is used to calculate the time-to-go. Manual: Entered speed is used to calculate the time-to-go.

Enter speed and press ▼.

4.5 Deleting Route Waypoints

Route waypoints may be registered two ways: entering waypoint nubmer directly or through the route editing screen. Follow 1 or 2 below.

1 Entering waypoint number directly

7) Enter waypoint number, in three digits.

The cursor shifts to the "Skip" window.

The procedure for skipping a waypoint is shown on page 5-4. For now, go to the next step.

8) Press ▼ to continue. If the waypoint entered in step 7 does not exist, you are informed that the waypoint does not exist and entry is cancelled.

9) Enter other route waypoints by repeating steps 7 and 8.

10) Press [MENU ESC] to finish.

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [5] to display the route list.

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select route.

3) Press s to display route editing screen.

4) Select the waypoint to delete.

5) Press the [CLEAR] key.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Repeat steps 4 through 6 to continue deleting waypoints.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key. The route is rearranged to reflect the change.

4 – 6

4.6 Replacing Route

Waypoints

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [5] to display the route list.

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select route.

3) Press s to display route editing screen.

4) On the route editing screen, place the cursor on waypoint number to replace.

5) Enter new waypoint number.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The message shown in Figure 4-16 appears.

4.7 Deleting Routes

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [5] to display the route list.

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select route to delete.

3) Press the [CLEAR] key. The display shown in Figure 4-17 appears if the route is in use.

1st line

Are you sure to erase ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

This waypoint already exists

Are you sure to change ?

ENT: Yes MENU: No

This route is in use

Figure 4-17

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Figure 4-16

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key twice.

4 – 7

This page is intentionally left blank.

5. STARTING FOR

DESTINATION

5.1 Setting Destination

There are four ways by which you can set destination:

• By cursor

• By MOB position or event position

• By waypoint, and

• By route.

Note 1: Destination cannot be set when there is no GPS position data. When there is no position data, the buzzer sounds and the message shown in Figure 5-1 appears.

No position data

Setting destination by cursor

Using the cursor you may set a destination consisting of 30 points. When all 30 points are entered, the GP-80 automatically disables further entry.

Setting single destination

1) Press the [GOTO] key. The menu shown in Figure 5-2 appears.

GOTO Setting

2. MOB/Event Position

3. Waypoint List

4. Route List

5. Cancel

: Cursor

ENT : Enter MENU : Escape

Figure 5-1

Note 2: Previous destination is cancelled whenever a destination is set.

Figure 5-2 GOTO setting menu

2) Press [1] to select Cursor. The display shown in Figure 5-3 appears.

Place cursor on desired location

Press ENT twice to finish

ENT:Enter CLR:Clear MENU:Escape

Figure 5-3

If the display in use is other than Plotter

1, the Plotter 2 display is automatically selected.

3) Place the cursor on the location desired for destination.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Note: To clear selection, press the [CLEAR] key.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key to finish.

Control is returned to the display mode in use before you set destination. A dashed line connects own ship and the destination, which is marked with a flag, as shown in Figure 5-4.

5 – 1

Flag mark

Overwriting ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Figure 5-4 Single destination set by cursor

Setting multiple destinations

1) Press [GOTO] and [1].

2) Place the cursor on the location desired for waypoint.

3) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to enter other points.

Waypoints are connected with a line.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key to finish. The route number entry display appears as shown in Figure 5-5. If no route number appears or you want to change the route number shown, go to step 6 to enter route number. To register the route under the number shown, go to step 8.

Figure 5-6

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

The waypoints do not have waypoint numbers, however you can attach waypoint numbers by doing the following.

1 Press [WPT RTE] and [5] to display the route list.

2 Press ▲ or ▼ to select route number entered.

3 Press s.

4 Enter waypoint number, in three digits.

5 Press ▼. If the waypoint number already exists the message shown in Figure 5-7 appears.

This waypoint already exists

Are you sure to change ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Enter route number

0 1

ENT:Enter MENU: Escape

Figure 5-5

6) Key in route number.

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. Waypoints are marked with flags and are connected with a dashed line.

If the route number entered already exists the message shown in Figure 5-6 appears.

Figure 5-7

6 Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The waypoint entered here replaces previously entered waypoint.

Note: To cancel replacement of waypoint, press the [MENU ESC] key at step

6

.

7 Repeat steps 4 and 5 to enter other waypoint numbers.

8 Press the [MENU ESC] key twice to finish.

When destination is cancelled, dashed lines are erased but flags remain on the screen.

5 – 2

Setting destination by MOB position or event position

Note: This operation cannot be performed when there is no MOB position or event position. The buzzer sounds and the message shown in Figure 5-8 appears to alert you when there is no

MOB position or event position.

Setting destination through waypoint list

Note: A waypoint must exist to set it as destination. When a waypoint does not exist, the buzzer sounds and the message shown in Figure 5-10 appears.

No waypoint data

No MOB/event data in memory

Figure 5-8

1) Press the [GOTO] key.

2) Press [2] to select MOB/Event Position.

The display shown in Figure 5-9 appears.

[MOB] Displaying MOB data

34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' E

ENT:Enter

: Paging

ENT: Enter

MENU: Escape

Figure 5-9

3) Press t or s to select MOB position or event position. The MOB position appears first. To select event position, press s. If selected position is within the current display range, the cursor marks the position.

(The cursor does not appear on the Highway, Navigation and Data displays.)

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. A flag appears at position selected if it is within the current display range. A dashed line connects between own ship and MOB position or event position.

When destination is cancelled, dashed lines are erased but flags remain on the screen.

Figure 5-10

Destination waypoint can be set through the waypoint list two ways:

• By entering waypoint number, and

• By selecting waypoint by cursor

1) Press the [GOTO] key.

2) Press [3] to display the Waypoint List.

GOTO (Waypoint List)

No.

001 34° 12.345' N 132° 23.456' E

MARINE POINT AUG 12' 95 12:35U

002 ° 12.345' N 133° 12.345' E

A POINT AUG 13' 95 13:28U

005 41° 34.567' N 135° 23.456' E

B POINT AUG 14' 95 09:45U

.

No

List ENT:Enter

Waypoint number can be entered here when this line appears in reverse video.

Figure 5-11 Waypoint list

Set destination by following 1 or 2 on the next page.

5 – 3

3) Enter waypoint number, in three digits.

You can clear entry by pressing the

[CLEAR] key.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Own ship position becomes starting point and a dashed line runs between it and the waypoint selected.

Setting route as destination

Note: Route entered must exist to set it as destination. The buzzer sounds and the message shown in Figure 5-12 appears if you set enter a route which does not exist.

Route number can be entered here when this line appears in reverse video.

02

05

06

10

GOTO (Route List)

Route No.

No.

PTS

01 30

TOTAL

1234. 56nm

25

8

30

30

234. 56nm

57. 89nm

*

999. 99nm

6543. 21nm t

FORWARD s

TTG

12D15H28M

2D08H35M

0D10H28M

*

9D*9H*9M

34D23H45M

: No. List

ENT:Enter

MENU:Escape

3) Press [ ]. Each press of the key alternately enables manual entry of waypoint number and selection of waypoint number by cursor (through the waypoint window).

4) Press ▲ or ▼ to select waypoint.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Own ship position becomes starting point and a dashed line runs between it and the waypoint selected.

Figure 5-13 Route list

3) Press t or s to select direction which to traverse the route waypoints; forward or reverse.

4) Enter route number.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Current position becomes starting point. A solid line connects between the starting point and first route waypoint and a dashed line connects all other route waypoints.

No route data

Figure 5-12

A route to set as destination may selected through the route list two ways:

• By entering route number, and

• By selecting route.

1) Press the [GOTO] key.

2) Press [4] to display the Route List. Then, follow 1 or 2 in the adjacent column.

3) Press [ ]. Each press of the key alternately enables manual entry of route number and selection of route number (through the route window)

4) Press ▲ or ▼ to select route.

5) Press t or s to select direction in which to traverse the route waypoints; forward or reverse.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Current position becomes starting point. A solid line connects between the starting point and first route waypoint and a dashed line connects all other route waypoints.

5 – 4

Skipping route waypoints

You may skip route waypoints by displaying

"DI" (DIsable) next to the route waypoint in the route list. Using Figure 5-14 as an example, your ship is currently heading toward waypoint 04 but is to switch course and head to waypoint 03. In this case you would want to skip waypoint 04.

,,

Waypoint 01

Waypoint 02

,,

,,

Waypoint 03

Waypoint 04

New course

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select route waypoint to skip.

3) Press t or s to shift the cursor to the right of the waypoint number.

4) Press [ ] to change "EN"(ENable) to

"DI"(DIsable).

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

To reselect the waypoint, select it on the route list and press [ ] to change "DI" to "EN".

5.2 Cancelling Destination

,,,

Waypoint 06

Waypoint 05

1) Press the [GOTO] key.

2) Press [5] to select Cancel. The message shown in Figure 5-16 appears.

,,,

,,,

Figure 5-14

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [5] to display the route list. Press the cursor keys to select route.

"EN" indicates waypoint is enabled. Display "DI" to skip waypoint.

Release GOTO ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Figure 5-16

3) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

ROUTE :01 (In Use, REVERSE) skip Distance TTG nm

D M H

02 0 03 EN 345.67nm 2D 12H 34M

004 34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' E

MARINE POINT APR 10' 95 12:35U

003 36° 12.345' N 135° 23.456' E

A POINT APR 10' 95 13:45U

: RTE WPT

ENT:Enter

CLEAR: Delete

MENU:Escape

Figure 5-15 Route list

5 – 5

5.3 Erasing Route Waypoints

(flags)

1) Place the cursor on the flag to erase.

2) Press the [CLEAR] key. The message shown in Figure 5-17 appears if the waypoint is currently selected as destination, is part of a registered route, or is part of the route currently being navigated.

When flags are erased

When the origin waypoint is erased the waypoint before it becomes the origin waypoint. If there is no waypoint before the origin waypoint, current position becomes the origin waypoint.

Delete

Destination waypoint

Starting point

Course 1st line

Are you sure to erase ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Own ship

This wpt is GOTO

This wpt is in registered route

This wpt is in selected route

Figure 5-17

3) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Note: Flags can be erased collectively by clearing the Plotter memory or both the Plotter memory and GPS memory. See page 9-1 for further details.

Destination waypoint

Figure 5-18 Route rearranged after erasing flag

When a destination is erased, the waypoint which follows it becomes the destination. If there is no waypoint after the destination waypoint erased, route navigation is cancelled.

5 – 6

5.4 Finding Range and

Bearing Between Two Points

Selecting Course Sailing Method

The range and bearing to a destination are calculated by two ways: Great Circle or Rhumb

Line. However, cross track error is calculated by rhumb line only.

Great Circle: The great circle courseline is the shortest course between two points on the surface of the earth. (Imagine stretching a piece of yarn between two points on the earth.)

However, this course requires frequent change of heading to follow course faithfully.

Rhumb Line: The rhumb line courseline is the straight line drawn between two points on a nautical chart. This course does not require frequent changes of heading however it is not the shortest since it follows the earth's curvature.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [1] to display the PLOTTER SETUP menu.

PLOTTER SETUP

Memory Apportion Trk = 1000 / 2000Pt

Bearing Ref.

True

Mag

Mag Variation

Auto

(07° W)

Man

(00° E)

R.L

G.C

Calculation

User defined #1

User defined #2

User defined #3

User defined #4

ENT:Enter

SPD

CRS

RNG

BRG

MENU:Escape

Figure 5-19 PLOTTER SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to selection Calculation.

3) Press t or s to select R.L (Rhumb Line) or G.C (Great Circle).

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Calculation Procedure

You can find the range and bearing between two points by two waypoints or two latitude and longitude positions.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [5]. The

MANUAL CALCULATION menu appears.

MANUAL CALCULATION

From Waypoint No.

. ’N . ’E

To Waypoint No.

. ’N . ’E

Trial speed : Auto Man

( . kt)

Rng : . m Brg : .

TTG : D H M

: Cursor

MENU : Escape

ENT : Calculation

: N/S, E/W

Figure 5-20 MANUAL

CALCULATION menu

2) Choose two points by one of the methods below.

Latitude and longitude positions

1) Press ▼.

2) If necessary press to switch from

North latitude and to South latitude vice versa.

3) Key in latitude.

4) If necessary press to switch from West longitude to East longitude and vice versa.

5) Key in longitude.

6) Press ▼.

7) Repeat 2-5 to enter other point.

Waypoints

1) Key in first waypoint number (001-

999). (000 is reserved for own ship position.)

2) Press ▼ twice.

3) Key in other waypoint number (001-

999).

(Continued on next page)

5 – 7

3) Press ▼ to shift the cursor to the Trial

Speed line.

4) Press t or s to select Auto or Man.

Auto uses ship's average speed to calculate time-to-go.

5) If you selected Man, enter speed.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

The range, bearing and time-to-go between two points appear on the display. If data entered is wrong or insufficient the buzzer sounds and the message "INCOMPLETE

DATA" appears. If the data contains error, "*" and all nines appear as the calculation results.

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

5 – 8

6. SETTING UP

VARIOUS DISPLAYS

6.1 Selecting Data to Display on the Data Display

The user may select what data to display in four locations on the data display.

SEP 12, 1995 23:59'59" U

POSITION

DGPS 3D

12

°

23.456' N

123

°

23.456' E

WGS72

RNG

31.23

nm

SPD

12.3

kt

BRG

CSE

223.4

°

123.4

°

TO : 001

MARINE

POINT1

NEXT

: 002

MARINE

POINT2

User-defined display data #1

User-defined display data #4

User-defined display data #2

User-defined display window

User-defined display data #3

Figure 6-1 Data display

The data the user may select to display are;

• Altitude (ALT)*

• Average course (AVR CSE)

• Average speed (AVR SPD)

• Course (CSE)

• Course error (dCSE)

• Cross track error (XTE)

• Depth (W.DPT)#

• ETA to waypoint (ETA)

• Range to waypoint (RNG)

• Route time-to-go (RT.TTG)

• Speed (SPD)

• Time-to-go to waypoint (TTG)

• ETA to route

• Total route distance (RT.DIST)*

• Trip distance (TRIP)

• Trip elapsed time (TRIP TM)

• Water temperature (W.TMP)#, and

• Velocity to destination (VTD)*

*ALT: Displayed only in 3D position fixing.

*RT. DIST: Total distance from current position to ultimate destination. Appears when following a registered route or a cursor-created route.

*VTD: When following a route, plus or minus appears next to indication to denote which direction the route is being traversed.

# Requires external sensor

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [1] to display the PLOTTER SETUP menu.

PLOTTER SETUP

Memory Apportion Trk = 1000 / 2000Pt

Bearing Ref.

True

Mag

Mag Variation

Auto

(07

°

W)

Man

(00

°

E)

Calculation

R.L

G.C

User defined #1

User defined #2

User defined #3

User defined #4

ENT:Enter

SPD

CSE

RNG

BRG

MENU:Escape

Figure 6-2 PLOTTER SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select one of four of "User defined" (#1, #2, #3, #4).

3) Press t or s to select data to display.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. To select the data to display at other user defined displays, repeat steps 2 and 3.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

6 – 1

6.2 Selecting Position Format

Position can be displayed in latitude and longitude, Loran C LOPs, or Decca LOPs, and the default format is latitude and longitude.

Selecting position format (L/L or

LOPs)

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [8] to display the LOP SETUP menu.

LOP SETUP

LOP Display LC DE

LC Chain 7980 : 23-43

LOP -12.3us +0.34 us

DE Chain 24:G - P

LOP +0.80 Lane -1.00 Lane

(RED:1 GREEN:2 PURPLE:3)

: Select

MENU : Escape

ENT : Enter

: +/–

6) Press ▼ to select LC Chain.

7) Key in GRI code referring to the Loran C chain list appears in the Appendix. If the

GRI code is 9970, for example, press [9]

[9] [7] [0].

8) Key in secondary code pair referring to the Loran C chain list in the Appendix.

9) Press ▼.

10) Key in correction value.

11) If necessary, press [ ] to switch from plus to minus or vice versa.

12) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

13) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Figure 6-3 LOP SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Pos Display.

3) Press t or s to select Lat/Long or LOP.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Displaying LOPs

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [8].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Pos Display.

3) Press t or s to select LOP.

4) Press ▼ to select LOP Display.

5) Press t or s to select LC (Loran C) or

DE (Decca).

Follow 1 or 2 in the adjacent column according to selection in step 5.

6) Press ▼ to select DE Chain.

7) Key in Decca chain number referring to the Decca chain list in the Appendix. For the Europe chain, for example, press [0]

[1].

8) Key in Decca lane pair. Red, [1]; Green

[2], and Purple [3].

9) Press ▼.

10) Key in lane correction value.

11) If necessary, press [ ] to switch from plus to minus or vice versa.

12) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

13) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

6 – 2

Registering waypoints using LOPs

1) Press [WPT RTE] and [4].

2) Press [ ] to display LOPs.

WAYPOINT LIST (LOP, LC)

MARINE POINT AUG12' 95 12 : 35U

002 36512.3 59134.5

___ A POINT AUG13' 95 13 : 45U

003 _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ , _

___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

004 _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ , _

___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

: L/L LOP

ENT : Enter

: Edit

MENU : Escape

Figure 6-4 LOP display on the waypoint list

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select waypoint number.

4) Press t or s. Your display should look like one of the displays in Figure 6-5.

Edit=Waypoint : 001

LC8930 : 30 50

(34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' E)

Mark :

Cmnt : MARINE POINT

: Cursor

ENT : Enter

: Column

MENU : Escape

Loran C LOP input screen

Edit=Waypoint : 001

DE : 32 (9C) RED GREEN

(34° 12.345' N 130° 23.456' E)

Mark :

Cmnt : MARINE POINT

ABCDEFGHIJ fi 1, 2 ~ 9, 0

: Cursor

ENT : Enter

: Column

MENU : Escape

Decca LOP input screen

5) Key in LOP1 and LOP2, to enable calculation.

6) Press ▼ to calculate LOPs. "Calculating" appears between parentheses during the calculation. Actual LOPs replace "Calculating" upon completion of the calculation.

If the conversion fails, the message "Failed in Conversion" appears for three seconds.

Press the [CLEAR] key and reenter the right LOP1 and LOP2.

7) Press t or s to select mark.

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

9) Enter comment, if desired.

10) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key twice.

Waypoint data and date and time registered appear.

Figure 6-5 LOP input screens

6 – 3

6.3 Demo Display

The demo display provides simulated operation of this unit. Own ship tracks, at the speed selected, a figure eight course, starting from position entered. All controls are operative; you may change course, enter marks, etc.

1) While pressing and holding down [NU/CU

ENT], turn on the power. After the test results appear, the Simulation Mode menu appears.

DEMO SETTING

BASE POSITION

_ _° _ _._ _ _' N _ _ _°_ _._ _ _' W

SPEED

00.00kt

: Cursor

ENT: Enter

: Column

: N/S, E/W

Figure 6-6 Simulation mode menu

2) Key in latitude of initial position.

3) If necessary, press [ ] to switch from north latitude to south latitude or vice versa.

4) Key in longitude.

5) If necessary, press [ ] to switch from east longitude to west longitude or vice versa.

6) Press ▼ key.

7) Key in speed.

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key to start the simulation mode.

The icon appears in the plotter 1, 2, and highway display. All controls are operative.

Note: The return to the normal mode, turn off the power and then turn it on while pressing and holding down [NU/CU ENT] key.

Note: When the memory is cleared while in the demonstration mode, the equipment starts up in the normal mode.

6 – 4

7. ALARMS

There are seven alarm conditions which generate both audible and visual alarms.

When an alarm setting is violated, the buzzer sounds and the name of the offending alarm appears on the display. The alarm icon also appears on the Plotter 1, Plotter 2 and Highway displays.

Alarm icon

34° 23.456´ N 135° 45.678´ E

Arrival alarm

Speed alarm

Alarm message

Press CLEAR to silence beep

DGPS 3D

BRG

234°

CSE

345°

RNG

123 nm

SPD

12.3

kt

Press CLEAR

Press CLEAR to close window

Figure 7-1 Location of alarm messages and alarm icon

7.1 Arrival Alarm, Anchor

Watch Alarm

Arrival alarm

The arrival alarm informs you that own ship is approaching a destination waypoint. The area that defines an arrival zone is that of a circle which you approach from the outside of the circle. The alarm will be released if own ship enters the circle.

Alarm setting

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

2) Press [4] to display the ALARM SET-

TINGS menu.

ALARM SETTINGS 1/2

Arrival/Anchor Arr. Anc. Off

Alarm Range 0.100nm

XTE On Off

Alarm Range 0.050nm

Speed Rage 000.0 ~ 025.0kt

Next Page

ENT : Enter

: Select

MENU : Escape

Figure 7-3 ALARM SETTINGS menu, page 1/2

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Arrival/Anchor.

4) Press t or s to select Arr.

5) Press ▼ to select Alarm Range.

6) Key in alarm range (0.001–9.999 nm).

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When own ship nears a waypoint by the range set here, the buzzer sounds and the message

"Arrival alarm" appears. You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the [CLEAR] key.

To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

To disable the alarm, select Off at step 4.

Own ship's position

Destination waypoint

: Alarm range

Figure 7-2 How the arrival alarm works

7 – 1

Anchor watch alarm

The anchor watch alarm sounds to warn you that own ship is moving when it should be at rest.

7.2 Cross Track Error (XTE)

Alarm

The XTE alarm warns you when own ship is off its intended course.

Alarm setting

Own ship's position

Destination waypoint

: Alarm range

Starting waypoint

Own ship's position

Alarm setting

Destination waypoint

Figure 7-4 How the anchor watch alarm works

Before setting the anchor watch alarm, set present position as destination waypoint, referring to chapter 5.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Arrival/Anchor.

3) Press t or s to select Anc.

4) Press ▼ to select Alarm Range.

5) Key in alarm range (0.001–9.999 nm).

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When own ship drifts by the range set here, the buzzer sounds and the message "Anchor alarm" appears. You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the [CLEAR] key. To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

To disable the alarm, select Off at step 3.

: Alarm range

Figure 7-5 How the XTE alarm works

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select XTE.

3) Press t or s to select On.

4) Press ▼ to select Alarm Range.

5) Key in alarm range (0.001–9.999 nm).

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When own ship strays from the intended track by the range set here, the buzzer sounds and the message "Cross track error alarm" appears.

You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the [CLEAR] key. To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

To disable the alarm, select Off at step 3.

7 – 2

7.3 Ship’s Speed Alarm

The ship’s speed alarm sounds when ship's speed is lower or higher (or within) the alarm range set.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Ship Speed.

3) Press t or s to select In (or Over).

In: Alarm sounds when speed is within range set.

Over: Alarm sounds when speed is higher or lower than range set.

4) Press ▼ to select Speed Range.

5) Key in low speed.

6) Key in high speed.

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When speed is higher or lower (or within) than the speed set here, the buzzer sounds and the message "Speed alarm" appears. You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the

[CLEAR] key. To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

To disable the alarm, select Off at step 3.

7.4 Trip Alarm

The trip alarm sounds when the distance run is greater than the trip alarm setting.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Next Page. The menu shown in Figure 7-6 appears.

ALARM SETTINGS 2/2

To Previous Page

Trip Range 0123.00nm

Water Temp. In Over Off

Temp. Range +12.0 ~ +15.0

°

C

Depth In Over Off

Depth Range 0003.0 ~ 0200.0ft

DGPS Alarm On Off

: Select

ENT : Enter

MENU : Escape

:

+/-

Figure 7-6 Alarm settings menu, page 2/2

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Trip.

4) If necessary, press [CLEAR] to reset the trip distance and trip elapsed time (see page 6-1).

5) Press t or s to select On.

6) Press ▼ to select Trip Range.

7) Key in trip range.

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

9) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When the ship's distance run is higher than the trip range set here, the buzzer sounds and the message "Trip alarm" appears. You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the

[CLEAR] key. To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

7 – 3

7.5 Water Temperature Alarm

The water temperature alarm sounds when the water temperature is higher or lower (or within) the preset temperature. This alarm requires temperature signal from external equipment.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Water Temp.

3) Press t or s to select In (or Over).

4) Press ▼ to select Temp. Range.

5) Key in low temperature.

6) Key in high temperature.

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When the water temperature is higher or lower

(or within) the preset value, the buzzer sounds and the message "Water temp alarm" appears.

You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the [CLEAR] key. To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

To disable the alarm, select Off at step 4.

7.6 Depth Alarm

The depth temperature alarm sounds when the depth is higher or lower (or within) the preset depth. This alarm requires video sounder connection.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Depth.

3) Press t or s to select In (or Over).

4) Press ▼ to select Depth Range.

5) Key in low depth.

6) Key in high depth.

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

When the depth is higher or lower (or within) the preset value, the buzzer sounds and the message "Depth alarm" appears. You can silence the audible alarm by pressing the

[CLEAR] key. To erase the visual alarm, press the [CLEAR] key again.

To disable the alarm, select Off at step 4.

7.7 DGPS Alarm

The DGPS alarm sounds when the DGPS signal is lost. This alarm may be enabled or disabled as below.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [4].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select DGPS Alarm.

3) Press t to select On, or sto select off.

4) Press the [NU/CU/ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

7 – 4

8. MENU SETTINGS

8.1 GPS Menu

Menu description

Fix mode

Two position fixing modes are available: 2D and 2/3D. The 2D mode provides two dimensional position fixes (latitude and longitude only) and is used when three satellites are in line of sight of the GPS receiver.

The 2/3D mode switches between two and three dimension position fixing automatically depending on how many satellites (three or four) are in light of sight of the GPS receiver.

Disable satellite

Every GPS satellite is broadcasting abnormal satellite number(s) in the Almanac. Using this information, the GPS receiver automatically eliminates any malfunctioning satellite from the GPS satellite schedule. However, the Almanac sometimes may not contain this information. You can disable an inoperative satellite manually on the GPS SETUP menu.

GPS smoothing, position

When the DOP or receiving condition is unfavorable, the GPS fix may change greatly, even if the vessel is dead in water. This change can be reduced by smoothing the raw GPS fixes. A setting between 0 and 9 is available.

The higher the setting the more smoothed the raw data, however too high a setting slows response time to change in latitude and longitude. This is especially noticeable at high ship’s speeds. "0" is the normal setting; increase the setting if the GPS fix changes greatly.

GPS smoothing, speed

During position fixing, ship’s velocity (speed and course) is directly measured by receiving

GPS satellite signals. The raw velocity data may change randomly depending on receiving conditions and other factors. You can reduce this random variation by increasing the smoothing. Like with latitude and longitude smoothing, the higher the speed and course smoothing the more smoothed the raw data.

If the setting is too high, however, the response to speed and course change slows. For no smoothing, enter "0." "5" is suitable for most conditions.

Speed average

Calculation of ETA and TTG, etc. is based on average ship’s speed over a given period. The default setting is one minute.

Geodetic datum

Select the geodetic chart system you are using. WGS-84 (standard GPS chart system) and

NAD 27 can be directly selected. For other charts, select "OTHER" and enter chart number referring to the geodetic chart list in the

Appendix.

Position offset

You may apply an offset to position generated by the internal GPS receiver, to compensate for difference between GPS position and chart position.

Time difference

The GPS system uses UTC time. If you would rather use local time, enter the difference in hours between local time and UTC. Use the

[+] and [–] keys for times later or earlier than

UTC, respectively.

Position

Enter ship's position when cold starting (no satellite information in memory) the GPS receiver, to fix position faster. Accuracy should be within 10

°

.

8 – 1

Selecting fix mode

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6] to display the GPS SETUP menu.

GPS SETUP 1/2

Fix mode 2D 2/3D

Disable satellite 12 (1-32)

GPS Smoothing

Spd 0 0 5 (000-999 sec)

Speed Average 01 minute

To Next Page

: Select

MENU : Escape

ENT : Enter

Entering GPS speed smoothing

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Spd.

3) Enter smoothing factor in three digits

(001–999).

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Figure 8-1 GPS SETUP menu, page 1/2

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Fix mode.

3) Press t or s to select fix mode desired.

4) Press ▼ to change other settings, or press

[MENU ESC] to register settings and escape.

Disabling satellites

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Disable satellite.

3) Key in satellite number, in two digits (01–

32). Three sets of satellite numbers may be entered.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. If an invalid number is entered the buzzer sounds.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Note: To enable all disabled satellites, press the

[CLEAR] key at step 3. All satellite numbers on the Disable satellite line are erased.

Entering speed averaging

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Speed Average.

3) Enter smoothing factor in two digits (00–

99).

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Entering geodetic datum

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Geodetic Datum on page 2/2.

GPS SETUP 2/2

To Previous Page

(005)

Posn Offset 0.000' N 0.000' E

Time Diff. +09: 00

Posn 12° 36.789' N 112° 47.890' E

: Select

MENU : Escape

ENT : Enter

: +/—

Entering GPS position smoothing

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Posn.

3) Enter smoothing factor in three digits

(001–999).

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Figure 8-2 GPS SETUP menu, page 2/2

3) Press t or s to select geodetic datum to use. For geodetic datum other than WGS-

72 or NAD-27, select OTHER and key in chart number (001–173) referring to the geodetic chart list in the Appendix.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

8 – 2

Entering position offset

If you do not know the type of chart you are using, GPS position may be wrong. Note the difference in position when moored to a pier and enter it on the GPS SETUP menu, to get correct position.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Posn Offset on page

2/2.

3) If necessary press [ ] to switch from north latitude to south latitude or vice versa.

4) Key in latitude correction.

5) If necessary press [ ] to switch from east longitude to west longitude or vice versa.

6) Key in longitude correction.

7) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

4) If necessary, press [ ] to switch from east longitude to west longitude or vice versa.

Key in longitude.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

6) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

8.2 Selecting Units of

Measurement

Unit of distance

Distance can be displayed in nautical mile, kilometer or statute mile as follows.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [2]. The

UNIT SETUP menu appears.

Entering time difference

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Time Diff on page

2/2.

3) Key in time difference (–14:00 to +14:00).

4) Press [ ] to change from plus to minus or vice versa.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Entering position

After the unit is installed you may enter position to shorten the time it takes to find position. (It takes about two minutes when there is no position data entered.)

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [6].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Posn on page 2/2.

3) If necessary, press [ ] to switch from north latitude to south latitude or vice versa. Key in latitude.

UNIT SETUP

Unit of Distance

nm

Unit of Depth

Unit of Temp.

Unit of Altitude km sm m ft FA

° C

° F m ft

ENT : Enter

:Select

MENU : Escape

Figure 8-3 UNIT SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Unit of Distance.

3) Press t or s to select unit; nm, km or sm.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Unit of depth

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [2].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Unit of Depth.

3) Press t or s to select unit; meter, feet, or fathom.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

8 – 3

Unit of water temperature

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [2].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Unit of Temp.

3) Press t or s to select unit; Centigrade or

Fahrenheit.

4) Press [NU/CU ENT] and [MENU ESC].

Unit of altitude

Available only in 3D mode.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [2].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Unit of Altitude.

3) Press t or s to select unit.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

3) Press t or s to select brilliance.

4) Press [NU/CU ENT] and [MENU ESC].

Course bar tone

The course bar can be displayed in light or dark tone, or turned off.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [1].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Course Bar.

3) Press t or s to select brilliance.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

8.3 Mark, Character Size and

Brilliance

The DISPLAY SETUP menu lets you select the size and brilliance of various markers.

Time mark tone

The time mark can be displayed in light or dark tone, or turned off.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [1].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Time Mark.

3) Press t or s to select brilliance.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Grid tone

The grid can be displayed in light or dark tone, or turned off.

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [1]. The DIS-

PLAY SETUP menu appears.

DISPLAY SETUP

Grid

Course Bar

Dark

Dark

Waypoint Size

Cursor Size

Large

Large

: Select

ENT : Enter

Light

Light

Light

Small

Small

Off

Off

Off

MENU : Escape

Figure 8-4 DISPLAY SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Grid.

8 – 4

Waypoint mark size

The size of the waypoint mark can be selected to large or small.

Large waypoint mark

No icon With icon

12

12

Small waypoint mark

Figure 8-5 Waypoint mark size

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [1].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Waypoint Size.

3) Press t or s to select Large or Small.

4) Press [NU/CU ENT] and [MENU ESC].

Enlarging characters

The size of the indications of position or user defined display areas can be enlarged on the

Data display.

1) On the Data display, with no enlarged characters, press the [CURSOR ON/OFF] key to turn on the cursor.

2) Operate the cursor keys to select data to enlarge in the window.

3) Press the [ZOOM IN] key.

To switch character size from enlarged to normal, press the [ZOOM OUT] key at step 3.

Position

Cursor

SEP 12, 1995 23:59'59" U DGPS 3D

POSITION

12

°

23.456' N

123

°

23.456' E

WGS84

RNG

31.23

nm

SPD

12.3

kt

BRG

223.4

°

CSE

123.4

°

TO : 001

MARINE

POINT1

NEXT

: 002

MARINE

POINT2

Cursor size

The size of the cursor can be selected to large or small.

Large cursor Small cursor

Figure 8-6 Cursor size

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [1].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Cursor Size.

3) Press t or s to select Large or Small.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

User-defined display window

ZOOM

OUT

ZOOM

IN

SEP 12, 1995 23:59'59" U DGPS 3D

N12

°

POSITION

23.456'

E123

°

WGS84

23.456'

Figure 8-7 How to enlarge indications on the data display

8 – 5

8.4 Settings for Connection of Navigator

Besides its fundamental function of displaying position, the GP-80 can also output various data to external equipment. Before outputting data to external equipment, first determine what data the external equipment requires. Output only necessary data to ensure data will be output correctly.

All data transmitted by marine electronics equipment are prefixed with a two character code called a talker. The same talker must be shared by the transmitting and receiving equipment to transmit and receive data successfully. The GP-80 transmits data using the

GP (GPS talker), however it can also transmit using the Loran (LC) or Decca (DE) talker.

Because the GP talker is a relatively new system some early model equipment may not recognize this talker.

DATA 1 output setting

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [3]. The

DATA 1, 3 OUTPUT SETUP menu appears.

DATA 1, 3 OUTPUT SETUP

Data Fmt.

V1.5 V2.0 IEC

Talker ID GP LC DE

Output Data (00-90 sec)81%

1. AAM:00 APA:00 APB:04 BOD:00

2. BWR:00 BWW:00 GGA:00 GLL:01

3. RMB:01 RMC:01 VTG:01 WCV:01

4. WNR:00 WPL:00 XTE:00 ZDA:01

5. GNS:00 ZTG:01 Rnn:00 RTE:00

3) Press t or s to select NMEA 0183

(V1.5 or V2.0) or IEC 61162-1.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. Talker ID appears in reverse video.

5) Press t or s to select GP, LC or DE.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Enter Tx interval for each output data sentence in line 1. Tx interval is available in

00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 10, 15, 20, 30,

60 and 90 (seconds).

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

9) Enter Tx interval for each output data sentence in lines 2 through 5. Press the [NU/

CU ENT] key after setting each line.

For detailed information about Tx interval see the installation manual. However, the settings entered by the installer of the equipment should not be changed unless absolutely necessary.

BWC and WNC are for great circle navigation and BWR and WNR are for rhumb line navigation.

The total data output are shown by percentage on the third line. For best results the total output should not exceed 90%; lengthen the

Tx interval of less important data to make the total output less than 90%.

When the external equipment cannot display correct data input from the GP-80, the rate of operation should be lowered.

For example, set a rate of operation less then

60% for the Temoerature Indicator TI-20.

ENT : Enter

MENU : Escape

Settings shown here are default settings.

This line appears only when LOG is selected by internal jumper wires.

Figure 8-8 DATA 1, 3 OUTPUT

SETUP menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Data Fmt.

8-6

DATA 2 output setting

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [4]. The

DATA 2 OUTPUT SETUP menu appears.

DATA 2 OUTPUT SETUP

Data Fmt.

V1.5 V2.0

IEC

Talker ID GP LC DE

Output Data (00-90 sec)81%

1. AAM:00 APA:00 APB:04 BOD:00

2. BWR:00 BWW:00 GGA:00 GLL:01

3. RMB:01 RMC:01 VTG:01 WCV:01

4. WNR:00 WPL:00 XTE:00 ZDA:01

5. GNS:00 ZTG:01 Rnn:00 RTE:00

Setting DATA 4 to NMEA

The DATA 4 port connects to a personal computer, DGPS receiver or YEOMAN equipment.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [5]. The

DATA 4 I/O SETUP (1/2) menu appears.

DATA 4 I/O SETUP 1/2

Data Out Com. DGPS

To Next Page

ENT : Enter

: Select

MENU : Escape

Settings shown here are default settings.

Figure 8-9 DATA 2 OUTPUT

SETUP menu

2) Follow the procedure for setting DATA 1 output.

DATA 3 output setting

The DATA 3 connector can output IEC 61162-

1/NMEA 0183 data or log pulse. (For details, see the Installation Manual.) For NMEA 0183,

IEC 61162-1 the same data output by DATA

1 is output from DATA 3.

For log pulse, select 200 or 400 pulse per second depending on the device connected.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [3].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select DATA 3. Log Pulse.

3) Press t or s to select log pulse of external equipment; 200ppm or 400ppm.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key twice.

ENT : Enter

: Select

MENU : Escape

Appears only when external

DGPS receiver is used.

Figure 8-10 DATA 4 I/O SETUP menu (1/2)

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Level.

3) Press t or s to select level of external equipment; RS232C or RS422.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press t or s to select Out.

6) Press ▼ to select To Next Page. The DATA

4 I/O SETUP (2/2) menu appears.

DATA 4 I/O SETUP <Out> 2/2

To Previous Page

Data Fmt.

V1.5 V2.0

IEC

Talker ID GP LC DE

Output Data (00-90 sec) 81%

1. AAM:00 APA:00 APB:04 BOD:00

2. BWR:00 BWW:00 GGA:00 GLL:01

3. RMB:01 RMC:01 VTG:01 WCV:01

4. WNR:00 WPL:00 XTE:00 ZDA:01

5. GNS:00 ZTG:01 Rnn:00 RTE:00

ENT : Enter

MENU : Escape

Figure 8-11 DATA 4 I/O SETUP menu (2/2)

7) Follow "DATA 1 output setting" from step

2.

8-7

8.5 Receiving Data from

Personal Computer

Loading Waypoints/Routes data

Waypoints and Routes data can be downloaded from a personal computer, through the

DATA 4 connector.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [5].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Level.

3) Press t or s to select level of personal computer; RS232C or RS422.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press s to select Com.

6) Press ▼ to select To Next Page. The DATA

4 I/O SETUP menu appears.

DATA 4 I/O SETUP <Com.> 2/2

To Previous Page

Baud Rate 9600 bps

Load Data

WPT/RTE WPT

Command Stop Start

Save Data WPT/RTE

Command Stop Start

ENT : Enter

: Select

MENU : Escape

*: Not used.

Figure 8-12 DATA 4 I/O SETUP menu (2/2)

7) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Baud Rate.

8) Press t or s to select baud rate; 4800bps,

9600bps, or 19200bps.

9) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

10) Press t to select WPT/RTE.

11) Press ▼ to select Command. Stop, on the same line as Command, appears in reverse video.

12) Press s to select Start. The message shown in Figure 8-13 appears.

Loading erases current data and stops Route navigation

Are you sure to load ?

ENT: Yes MENU:No

Figure 8-13

13) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The message shown in Figure 8-14 appears while data is being loaded.

Now loading

Waypoint/Route data !

MENU:Stop

Figure 8-14

14) Operate the computer to output data.

When data is loaded, the cursor shifts to

Stop.

15) Press the [MENU ESC] key. When data is loaded successfully, The message in

Figure 8-15 appears.

Loading ended successfully

Press any key

Figure 8-15

If data could not be loaded, the message shown in Figure 8-16 appears.

Failed in loading

Invalid data

Press any key

Figure 8-16

Stopping loading of data

1) Press the [MENU ESC] key. The message shown in Figure 8-17 appears.

Are you sure to stop ?

ENT: Yes MENU:No

Figure 8-17

8-8

2) To quit loading, press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The cursor shifts to Stop.

3) To start loading, select Start.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Loading waypoint data from

YEOMAN equipment

1) Do steps 1 through 9 in "Loading lighthouse data."

2) Press t or s to select WPT.

3) Press ▼ to select Command.

4) Press s to select Start. The message shown in Figure 8-18 appears.

Are you sure to load ?

ENT: Yes MENU:No

Figure 8-18

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The message shown in Figure 8-19 appears.

Now loading

Waypoint data !

MENU:Stop

Figure 8-19

6) Operate the YEOMAN to output data.

When data is loaded, the cursor automatically shifts to "Stop". Waypoints are loaded into empty areas. When the waypoint area becomes full, the message shown in Figure 8-20 appears.

Waypoint area is full !

Can't load any data

Press any key to stop

The number of valid and invalid waypoints appears in the message.

Loading completed

Valid waypoint : 0

Invalid waypoint : 0

Press any key

Figure 8-21

8) Press the [MENU ESC] key twice.

Saving data to personal computer

Waypoint and route data can be saved to a personal computer.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [5].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Level.

3) Press t or s to select level; RS232C or

RS422.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. "Data" appears in reverse video.

5) Press s to select Com.

6) Press ▼ to select Next Page.

7) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Baud Rate.

8) Press t or s to select baud rate;

4800bps, 9600bps, or 19200bps.

9) Press ▼ to select Command (under the

Save Data line). Stop, on the same line as

Command, appears in reverse video.

10) Press s to select Start. The message shown in Figure 8-22 appears.

Are you sure to save ?

ENT: Yes MENU:No

Figure 8-22

Figure 8-20

7) When the data is loaded, press [CU/NU

ENT] and [MENU ESC]. The message shown in Figure 8-21 appears.

8-9

11) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. The message shown in Figure 8-23 appears while data is being saved.

Now saving

Waypoint/Route data !

MENU:Stop

Figure 8-23

12) Save data at the computer.

13) Press the [MENU ESC] key. When data is saved, the cursor shifts to Stop.

14) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [7] to display the DGPS SETUP menu.

Frequency appears when

"MAN" is selected.

DGPS SETUP

DGPS MODE On Off

Ref. Station Auto Man (ID= )

Freq. 288.0kHz

Baud Rate 200 bps

8.6 DGPS Settings

A DGPS beacon receiver (built in or external) may be connected to the GP-80 to further refine position accuracy. Set up to receive the DGPS beacon signal as follows.

Selecting DGPS station

The default setting is "manual".

Automatic

The GR-800 can automatically select optimum reference station by feeding it position data. If it takes more than 5 minutes to fix

DGPS position at the automatic mode, switch to manual mode. Use at manual mode when a external beacon receiver has no automatic function of station selection.

ENT : Enter

: Select

MENU : Escape

Figure 8-24 DGPS SETUP menu

2) Set DGPS MODE On.

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Ref. Station.

4) Press t or s to select Auto.

5) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

6) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Manual

Enter four digit ID number, frequency and baud rate of station.

Reference

• ID number: Appendix at end of this manual

• Frequency, baud rate : "DGPS REFER-

ENCE LIST"

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [7] to display the DGPS SETUP menu.

2) Set DGPS MODE On.

3) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Ref. Station.

4) Press t or s to select Man.

5) Enter four digit ID number. You can clear an entry by the [CLEAR] key. If the number entered is invalid, the buzzer sounds and the message "INVALID ID" appears on the display for three seconds.

If there is no ID number, press the

[CLEAR] key.

6) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

7) Enter frequency in four digits (283.5kHz

to 325.0kHz).

8-10

8) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key. "Baud Rate" appears in reverse video.

9) Press t or s to select baud rate; 25, 50,

100 or 200bps.

10) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

14) Press t or s to select baud rate; 4800 or 9600.

15) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

Setup for external DGPS beacon receiver

When an external DGPS beacon receiver is connected to the DATA 4 connector, set up the GP-80 according to specification of DPGS beacon receiver connected as follows.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [5].

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Level.

3) Press t or s to select level; RS232C or

RS422.

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

5) Press t or s to select DGPS.

6) Press ▼ to select To Next Page.

DATA 4 I/O SETUP "DGPS" 2/2

To Previous Page

LSB

Parity EVEN ODD NONE

Stop Bit 1 2

Baud Rate 4800 9600

8.7 Displaying GPS Monitor

Displays

Three GPS monitor displays provide GPS information:

Satellite monitor which shows position of

GPS satellites

Beacon receiver monitor which displays

DGPS beacon station information

DGPS beacon station message monitor which displays messages received from beacon stations

To display the GPS monitor displays;

1) Press [MENU ESC] [7].

2) Press [ ] to display the GPS monitor you want to view.

3) Press the [MENU ESC] to escape.

Number, bearing and elevation angle of all satellites in view of the GPS receiver appear. Satellites being used in fixing position are circled with a solid line; satellites not being used in fixing position are circled with a dashed line.

Satellite distribution

Fixing date and time

GPS fix state

ENT : Enter

: Select

MENU : Escape

Figure 8-25 DATA 4 I/O SETUP

"DGPS" 2/2 menu

7) Press ▲ or ▼ to select First Bit.

8) Press t or s to select first bit; MSB or

LSB.

9) Press ▼ to select Parity.

10) Press t or s to select parity bit; EVEN,

ODD or NONE.

11) Press ▼ to select Stop Bit.

12) Press t or s to select stop bit; 1 or 2.

13) Press ▼ to select Baud Rate.

Aug 21 1995 23:59'59" U

N

01

24

12

W

09

31

08

18

16

19

E

DGPS 3D

SV (PRN)

01

12

31

16

18

19

09

08

24

30

40

SNR

50

S

:BEACON RCVR MONITOR

MENU:Escape

DOP:1.5

Satellite number with circle is used for positioning.

DOP value

Receive signal level

(When signal level is more than 35, it is used for positioning.)

SATELLITES MONITOR

8-11

Aug 21 1995 23:59'59" U

DGPS 3D

BEACON STATION

NAME:

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

ID: _ _ _ _ Health: _

Bit Rate: _ _ _ bps Freq: _ _ _ . _ kHz

Sig Strength: _ _ dB SNR: _ _ dB

DGPS DATA: Good

BEACON STATION:

Good

:STATION MESSAGE

MENU:Escape

DGPS data and DGPS station receiving condition

DGPS station data

BEACON RECEIVER MONITOR

Aug 21 1995 23:59'59" U

Message:

STATION IS OPERATING.

DGPS 3D

:SATELLITES MONITOR

MENU:Escape

STATION MESSAGE

Return to SATELLITES

MONITOR

Figure 8-26 GPS monitor displays

8-12

9. MAINTENANCE &

TROUBLESHOOTING

9.1 Clearing the Memory

The GP-80 has two memories: GPS memory and plotter memory.

Clearing the GPS memory

The GPS memory stores GPS information, including the Almanac. When you clear the

GPS memory, all GPS information is erased.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [9] to display the CLEAR MEMORY menu.

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Clear GPS.

3) Press s to select Yes. The following message appears.

Setting for cold start

Are you sure to clear ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Clearing the plotter memory

The plotter memory holds plotted track and mark data. When you clear the plotter memory, all track and marks are cleared and all corresponding defaults settings are restored.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [9] to display the CLEAR MEMORY menu.

CLEAR MEMORY

Clear Plotter No Yes

Clear All No Yes

Figure 9-3

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Clearing GPS and plotter memories

To clear both GPS and plotter memories;

1) Press [MENU ESC] [9] and [9] to display the CLEAR MEMORY menu.

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Clear All.

3) Press s to select Yes. The message shown in Figure 9-4 appears.

: Select

MENU : Escape

Figure 9-1 CLEAR MEMORY menu

2) Press ▲ or ▼ to select Clear Plotter.

3) Press s to select Yes. The following message appears.

Clear tracks and marks

Are you sure to clear ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Setting for default

Are you sure to clear ?

ENT:Yes MENU:No

Figure 9-4

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

Note: The equipment may lock after clearing the

GPS and plotter memories. Reapply power to the equipment to restore normal operation.

Figure 9-2

4) Press the [NU/CU ENT] key.

9 – 1

9.2 Preventative Maintenance

Regular maintenance is necessary to maintain performance. Check the items mentioned below monthly to keep the equipment in good working order.

9.3 Error Messages

Error messages appear on the display to alert you to possible trouble.

Antenna unit

Check for fixing bolts for tightness.

WARNING

Do not open the display unit cover.

High voltage exists inside.

If the unit is not working properly, contact your dealer.

Antenna cable

Check connector for tightness, rust, damage and water leaks.

GPS error

When GPS signal is suddenly lost and position cannot be calculated within one minute the message shown in Figure 9-5 appears.

Power cable

Check for tight connection.

GPS No fix

Ground terminal

Check for rust and tight connection.

Fuse

The 2A fuse in the power cable protects the unit from overvoltage and equipment fault. If the fuse blows, find out the cause before replacing the fuse. If the fuse blows after replacement, request service.

WARNING

Use only a 2A fuse in the power cable.

Use of different fuses may cause fire.

Figure 9-5 GPS error message

This message may appear when there is an interfering object between the satellite and

GPS receiver (for example, mast) or the antenna cable is disconnected.

DOP error

When PDOP value exceeds 6 in the 3D mode, or HDOP value exceeds 4 in the 2D mode, this error occurs and following indication appears.

DOP Error

Figure 9-6 DOP error message

9-2

DGPS error

When DGPS data contains errors or the DGPS beacon station is experiencing transmitting problems, the message shown in Figure 9-7 appears.

DGPS Error

Figure 9-7 DGPS error message

Self test error message

If the self test (conducted when turning on the power) finds equipment error, the message shown in Figure 9-8 appears.

GPS Self Test Error

Figure 9-8 Self test error message

If the self test error message appears, consult your dealer for advice.

9 – 3

9.4 Troubleshooting

The table which follows provides troubleshooting procedures which you can follow to restore normal operation. If normal operation cannot be restored, ask your dealer for advice.

Table 9-1 Troubleshooting table

I

y p p

f .

o o

.

.

o u s s i i c p o w e r t i t i a n n o o n n i c o t s a n t u r n n o w r t o n g o n b e f t h i x e e d d a t a t o e x c a n n t e r n a l o t b e t r a n s m e q u i p m e n t i t t e d

T h e n .

.

.

• c h e c k p o w e r c o n n e c t o r f o r t i g h t c o n n e c t i o n .

• c h e c k i f s h i p ' s m a i n s i s o f f .

• c h e c k f o r b l o w n f u s e .

• c h e c k a n t e n n a c a b l e f o r t i g h t c o n n e c t i o n a n d w a t e r l e a k a g e .

• c h e c k i f f u n c t i o n a l s a t e l il t e h a s b e e n d i s a b l e d : [ M E N U E S C ] [ 9 ] [ 6 ]

• c h e c k i f c o r r e c t g e o d e t i c c h a r t i s e n t e r e d : [ M E N U E S C ] [ 9 ] [ 6 ]

• a p p l y p o s i t i o n c o r r e c t i o n t o G P S p o s i t i o n : [ M E N U E S C ] [ 9 ] [ 6 ]

• c h e c k

S e e i f t h e d a t a i n s t a f o r m a t ll a t i o n i s m c a o r r e c n u a l t : f o r

[ M E N U f u r t h e r

E S C ] d e t a li s .

[ 9 ] [ 3 ] [ 9 ] [ 4 ] [ 9 ] [ 5 ]

• T x i n t e r v a

[ M E N U

S e e t h e l

E S i n m a y s

C ] t a b e s e t t o " 0 " .

S e l e c t p r o p e r

[ 9 ] ll a t i o n

[ 3 ] m

[ 9 ] a n u a

[ 4 l

] f o r

[ 9 ] f u r

[ 5 t h

] e r d e t a i n li s .

t e r v a l :

• C h e c k a p p r o p r i a t e s e t t i n g s o n e x t e r n a l e q u i p m e n t .

• C h e c k

G P 8 0

T D A

T D B c o n n e c t i o n s : e x t e r n a l e q u i p m e n t

R D A

R D B

9 – 4

9.5 Self Tests

Memory and I/O circuits test

1) Press [MENU ESC] and [8] to display the

SELF TESTS menu.

SELF TESTS

1. Memory, I/O Port Test

3. Test Pattern

4. Automatic Testing

GPS PROGRAM No. 4850237002

NAV PROGRAM No. 2051511-xx.xx

BOOT PROGRAM Code B

:Cursor

ENT:Enter

MENU:Escape xx.xx: Version no.

Figure 9-9 SELF TESTS menu

2) Press [1].

MEMORY, I/O PORT TEST

PROGRAM MEMORY

SRAM

Internal Battery

DATA 1 PORT

DATA 2 PORT

DATA 4 PORT

GPS

BEACON

OK

OK

OK

NG

NG

NG

OK

OK

Whenever NG or 16 hexadecimal figure appears contact your dealer for advice.

DATA 1 PORT, DATA 2 PORT and DATA

4 PORT show results of communication interface test. A special test connector is required to test those ports. NG appears as the results of the self test when there is no test connector attached.

4) Press the [MENU ESC] key to escape.

Note: The life of the internal battery is approximately 5 years.

N a m e

L i t h i u m

T y p e

C R 2 4 5 0 F 2 S T 2 L

C o d e N o .

0 0 0 1 4 4 9 4 1

Keyboard test

1) Press [MENU ESC] [8] and [2] to display the KEYBOARD TEST screen.

KEYBOARD TEST

MENU:Escape

Press CLEAR 3 times to escape

Figure 9-10 MEMORY, I/O PORT

TEST display

3) When testing is finished, press the [MENU

ESC] key to escape and return to the Self

Test menu. (Testing continues if the key is not pressed.)

OK appears to the right of PROGRAM,

SRAM and Internal Battery when those devices are normal; NG (No Good) appears when an abnormality is found.

OK appears to the right of GPS and BEA-

CON when they are normal; NG and 16 hexadecimal figure appear when an abnormality is found.

Figure 9-11 KEYBOARD TEST screen

2) Press each key one by one. A key's corresponding location on the screen lights in reverse video if the key is normal.

3) To quit the keyboard test, press the

[CLEAR] key three times. Control is returned to the SELF TESTS menu.

4) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

9-5

Display test

1) Press [MENU ESC] [8] and [3] to display the test pattern screens.

2) To change the test pattern, press the [NU/

CU ENT] key. Each time the key is pressed one of the patterns shown in Figure 9-12 appears.

TEST PATTERN

Automatic testing

This feature conducts all self tests continuously.

1) Press [MENU ESC] [8] and [4]. Self tests are conducted continuously in the order of memory, I/O test, keyboard test and test pattern.

2) To stop testing, press the [MENU ESC] key.

3) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

ENT:Pattern MENU:Escape

Figure 9-12 Test patterns 1 and 2

3) To quit the test pattern, press the [CLEAR] key three times. Control is returned to the

SELF TESTS menu.

4) Press the [MENU ESC] key.

9 – 6

10. INTRODUCTION

TO GPS

10.1 What is GPS?

GPS is an acronym meaning Global Positioning System. GPS (sometimes referred to as

NAVSTAR) is a highly precise satellite navigation system developed by the U.S. Department of Defense.

When full global coverage becomes available, a constellation of 24 satellites emplaced in nearly 20,000-kilometer high 12-hour circular orbits will provide highly precise, continuous, worldwide, all-weather position plus time and velocity information to GPS receiverequipped vehicles, vessels and aircraft.

10.2 How the GPS Receiver

Calculates Position

The GPS receiver’s position is continuously fixed by receiving 3 (or 4) satellites in lineof-sight of the GPS receiver. The basic steps in position fixing are as below.

1) GPS satellites continually transmit their own precise orbital data called ephemeris.

The GPS receiver computes satellites’ position by this data.

2) The GPS receiver measures very accurate distance to the satellites.

3) Satellite locations and their distances from the GPS receiver are known. The GPS receiver fixes its own position by triangulation.

d

1 d

2 d

3

1

Satellite locations are calculated.

2

Distances are measured.

3

The GPS fix is the point of intersection of three spheres which are drawn around the three satellites with diameter d

1

, d

3

, and d

3

.

GPS fix

Figure 10-1 How the GPS receiver calculates position

10 – 1

10.3 Position-fixing Accuracy

(HDOP)

In radar position-fixing, most accurate position fixes are obtained when the targets used are spaced nearly 90

°

from each other. Similarly, GPS position fixing accuracy is subject to satellite location. Generally, the further apart the satellites are from one another, the greater the position-fixing accuracy.

For example, take a look at Figure 10-2. In both situations a fix is obtainable in the Northern Pacific region because three satellites are in line-of-sight. However, accuracy will be higher in the bottom figure since the satellites are spread farther apart than the satellites in the top figure.

The index for position-fixing accuracy is known as HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision) for 2D mode or PDOP for 3D mode.

In simpler terms it is the geometrical relationship among 3 (or 4) satellites. The higher the

HDOP value the less accurate the position fix.

The error in distance is proportional to the

HDOP value as shown in Figure 10-3.

ERROR (RMS)

60 m

45 m

30 m

15 m

DOP

3 6 9 12

Figure 10-3 HDOP rate and position error

Note: In this manual HDOP is referred to as DOP.

LOW ACCURACY

HIGH ACCURACY

Figure 10-2 Satellite positions and accuracy of position fix

10 – 2

Specifications

GPS Receiver

Number of receiving channels

Rx frequency

Rx code

Position fixing system

Position Accuracy

12 channels parallel, 12 satellite tracking

1575.42MHz

C/A code

All in view, 8-state Kalman filter

Approx. 10m, 95% of the time, Horizontal dilution of position (HDOP)

4

Note: All GPS receiver are subject to degradation of position and velocity accuracies under the U.S.

Department of Defence. Position may be degraded.

DGPS: Approx. 5 m, 95% of the time

900 kts

Warm start: 12 seconds

Cold start: 90 seconds

1 second

Tracking velocity

Position-fixing time

Position update interval

Display Section

LCD

Display mode

Display

Waypoint storage capacity

Route storage capacity

Alarms

122 x 92 mm (320 x 240 dot matrix)

Plotter modes 1 and 2, Highway, Navigation, Data

Mercator projection

Track recording and mark capacity: 2,000 pts.

Lighthouse, buoy graphic (option)

YEOMAN waypoint display

999 pts. with comment (12 character)

30 routes (30 waypoints per route)

Simple route: 1 route/30 waypoints

Waypoint arrival, Anchor watch, Cross track error,

Speed, Trip, Water temperature, depth

(Continued on next page)

A-1

Data Input/Output

Number of ports

Data format

Input data

Output data

4 I/O ports

IEC 61162-1/NMEA 0183 Ver. 1.5/NMEA Ver. 2.0

NMEA 0183: DBT, DPT, MTW, TLL

DPGS; RTCM SC104 Ver. 2.1

Universal data from personal computer.

IEC 61162-1/NMEA 0183 (Ver. 1.5/Ver. 2.0):

AAM, APB, BOD, BWC, BWR, BWW, GGA,

GLL, GNS, RMB, RMC, VTG, WCV, WNC,

WNR, WPL, XTE, ZDA, ZTG, Rnn, RTE, DTM

(IEC 61162-1)

Power Supply & Environmental Conditions

Power supply and power consumption 12-24 VDC, 0.8-0.4 A

Useable environment

Humidity

Antenna unit: -25

°

C to +70

°

C

Receiver unit:-15

°

C to +55

°

C

95% (40

°

C)

Waterproofing specification Antenna unit: IEC 529 1PX6

Display unit: IEC 529 1PX5 (USCG CFR-46)

Resistancy 1 to 12.5Hz: 3.2 mmpp

12.5 to 25Hz: 0.8 mmpp

25 to 50Hz: 0.2 mmpp

A-2

Digital Interface (IEC 61162-1)

Output sentences of channel 1, 2, 3, 4 (DATA 1, DATA 2, DATA 3, DATA 4)

AAM, APB, BOD, BWC, BWR, BWW, GGA, GLL, RMB, RMC, VTG, WCV, WNC, WPL,

XTE, ZDA, ZTG, RTE, DTM

Input sentences of channel 1 (DATA 1, DATA2, DATA4)

DBT, DPT, MTW, TLL

Transmission interval

All sentences output at the interval selected (00-90 s).

Load requirements as listener

Isolation: Optocoupler

Input impedance: 470 ohms

Max. voltage:

±

15V

Threshold: 3 mA (in case of connection of FURUNO device talker)

Data transmission

Data is transmitted in serial asynchronous form in accordance with the standard referenced in

2.1 of IEC 61162-1. The first bit is a start bit and is followed by data bits.

The following parameters are used:

Baud rate: 4800

Data bits: 8 (D7 = 0), parity none

Stop bits: 1

Start bit

D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7

Data bits

Stop bit

A-3

Schematic diagrams

DATA1 port (output)

Output drive capability: Max. 10mA

DATA 1

TD-A

J5

1

20P8147

MJ-A6SRMD

FL1

TD-B

2

FL14

7

6

U35

SN75ALS172

8

6

DATA 1 port (input)

20P8147

DATA 1

J5

1

MJ-A6SRMD

RD-H

RD-C

2

3

4

5

Fl12

FL11

JP6

R108

390

6

R77

100

CR13

1SS226

1

3

4

PC-400

U17

5

+5V

R64

2.2K

A-4

DATA 2 port (output)

Output drive capability: Max. 10mA

20P8147

DATA2

TD-A

J7

1

MJ-A6SRMD

FL9

TD-B

2

FL10

3

4

5

6

16

18

17

U35

SN75ALS172

DATA 2 port (input)

DATA2

J7

1

20P8147

MJ-A6SRMD

RD-H

2

3

FL8

RD-C

4

5

6

FL7

JP7

R109

390

R76

100

CR14

1SS226

1

3

4

PC-400

U28

5

+5V

R63

2.2K

A-5

DATA 3 port (output)

Output drive capability: Max. 10mA

DATA3

TD-A

TD-B

20P8147

J6

1

MJ-A6SRMD

FL5

1

2

3

3

FL6

4

5

6

JP4

2

4

14

U35

SN75ALS172

12

13

DATA 4 port

IN/OUT signal is selected by the menu among the output of IEC 61162-1, NMEA Ver. 1.5/2.0,

PC input/output and DGPS signal.

Sentence description

AAM - Waypoint arrival alarm

$--AAM,A,A,x.x,N,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | |

| | | | | +--------- 5

| | | | +------------ 4

| | +---+---------------- 3

| +---------------------- 2

+------------------------ 1

1. Status: A=arrival circle entered

2. Status: A=perpendicular passed at waypoint

3. Arrival sircle radius, nautical miles

4. Waypoint ID

5. Checksum

A-6

APB - Autopilot sentence data

$--APB,A,A,x.x,a,N,A,A,x.x,a,c--c,x.x,a,x.x,a,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------- 13

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--------- 12

| | | | | | | | | | | | +--+----------- 11

| | | | | | | | | | +--+----------------- 10

| | | | | | | | | +------------------------ 9

| | | | | | | +--+---------------------------- 8

| | | | | | +---------------------------------- 7

| | | | | +------------------------------------ 6

| | | | +-------------------------------------- 5

| | | +---------------------------------------- 4

| | +------------------------------------------- 3

| +---------------------------------------------- 2

+------------------------------------------------ 1

1. Status: A=Data varid V=LORAN-C blink or SNR warning

V=general warning flag for other navigation systems

when a reliable fix is not available

2. Status: A=OK or not used

V=LORAN-C cycle lock warning flag

3. Magnitude of XTE(cross-track-eror)

4. Direction to steer,L/R

5. XTE units, nautical miles

6. Status: A=arrival circle entered

V=arrival circle not passed

7. Status: A=perpendicular passed at waypoint

V=perpendicular not entered

8. Bearing origin to destination, M/T

9. Destination waypoint ID

10. Bearing, present potition to destination, magnetic or true

11. Heading to steer to destination waypoint, magnetic or true

12. Mode indicator(see Note)

13. Checksum

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous mode

D = differential mode

S = Simulator mode

N = Data not valid

A-7

BOD - Bearing, origin to destination

$--BOD,x.x,T,x.x,M,c--c,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--------- 5

| | | | | +------------ 4

| | | | +----------------- 3

| | +--+--------------------- 2

+--+--------------------------- 1

1. Bearing, degrees true

2. Bearing, degrees magnetic

3. Destination waypoint ID

4. Origin waypoint ID

5. Checksum

BWC - Bearing and distance to waypoint

$--BWC, hhmmss.ss, llll.ll, a yyyyy.yy, a, x.x, T, x.x, M, x.x, N, c--c, a*hh<CR><LF>

Checksum

Mode indicator

(see note 1)

Waypoint ID*

Distance, nautical miles

Bearing, degrees magnetic*

Bearing, degrees true

Waypoint longitude, E/W*

Waypoint latitude, N/S*

UTC of observation*

*: Not used

NOTE 1: Positioning system Mode indicator:

A= Autonomous mode

D= Differential mode

S= Simulator mode

N= Data not valid

The Mode indicator field shall not be a null field.

A-8

BWR - Bearing, waypoint to range

$--BWR,hhmmss.ss,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,x.x,T,x.x,M,x.x,N,c--c,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | | +---- 9

| | | | | | | | | | | | +------ 8

| | | | | | | | | | | +--------- 7

| | | | | | | | | +--+------------- 6

| | | | | | | +--+------------------- 5

| | | | | +--+------------------------- 4

| | | +-----+------------------------------- 3

| +-----+------------------------------------------- 2

+---------------------------------------------------------- 1

1. UTC of observation

2. Waypoint latitude, N/S

3. Waypoint longitude, E/W

4. Bearing, degrees true

5. Bearing, degrees magnetic

6. Distance, nautical miles

7. Waypoint ID

8. Mode indicator(see note)

9. Checksum

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous mode

D = differential mode

S = Simulator mode

N = Data not valid

The Mode indicator field shall not be a null field.

BWW - Bearing, waypoint to waypoint

$--BWW,x.x,T,x.x,M,c--c,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--------- 5

| | | | | +------------ 4

| | | | +----------------- 3

| | +--+--------------------- 2

+--+--------------------------- 1

1. Bearing, degrees true

2. Bearing, degrees magnetic

3. TO waypoint ID

4. FROM waypoint ID

5. Checksum

A-9

DBT - Depth below transducer

$--DBT,x.x,f,x.x,M,x.x,F*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--------- 4

| | | | +--+----------- 3

| | +--+----------------- 2

+--+----------------------- 1

1. Water depth, feet

2. Water depth, m

3. Water depth, fathoms

4. Checksum

DPT - Depth

$--DPT,x.x,x.x,x.x*hh<CR><LF>

| | | |

| | | +----- 4

| | +--------- 3

| +------------ 2

+---------------- 1

1. Water depth relative to trancsducer, in meters

2. Offset from transeducer, in meters(see notes 1 and 2)

3. Maximum range scale in use

4. Checksum

NOTE1 "positive"=distance from transeduser to water-line.

"-"=distance from transducer to keel.

NOTE2 For IEC applications the offset should always be applied

so as to provide depth relative to the keel.

DTM - Datum reference

$--DTM,ccc,a,x.x,a,x.x,a,x.x,ccc*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | +--- 7

| | | | | | | +------ 6

| | | | | | +---------- 5

| | | | +--+------------- 4

| | +--+------------------- 3

| +------------------------- 2

+---------------------------- 1

1. Local datum W84 - WGS84

W72 - WGS72

S85 - SGS85

P90 - PE90

999 - User defined

IHO datum code

2. Local datum subdivision code

3. Lat offset, min, N/S

4. Lon offset, min, E/W

5. Altitude offset, m

6. Reference dattum W84 - WGS84

W72 - WGS72

S85 - SGS85

P90 - PE90

7. Checksum

A-10

GGA -Global positioning system fix data

$--GGA,hhmmss.ss,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,x,xx,x.x,x.x,M,x.x,M,x.x,xxxx*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | +-- 11

| | | | | | | | | | | | | +---- 10

| | | | | | | | | | | | +--------- 9

| | | | | | | | | | +---+------------ 8

| | | | | | | | +---+------------------ 7

| | | | | | | +------------------------- 6

| | | | | | +---------------------------- 5

| | | | | +------------------------------- 4

| | | +----+--------------------------------- 3

| +---+--------------------------------------------- 2

+------------------------------------------------------------- 1

1. UTC of position

2. Latitude, N/S

3. Longitude, E/W

4. GPS quality indicator (0: No fix, 1: GPS, 2: Differential, 8: Demo mode)

5. Number of satllite in use,00-12, may be different from the number in view

6. Horizontal dilution of precision

7. Antenna altitude above/below mean sealevel, m

8. Geoidal separation, m

9. Age of differential GPS data

10. Differential reference station ID, 0000-1023

11. Checksum

GLL - Geographic position, latitude and longitude

$--GLL,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,hhmmss.ss,A,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | +------- 6

| | | | | | +--------- 5

| | | | | +----------- 4

| | | | +---------------- 3

| | +------+----------------------- 2

+---+----------------------------------- 1

1. Latitude, N/S

2. Longitude, E/W

3. UTC of position

4. Status: A=data valid, V=data invalid

5. Mode indicator(see note)

6. Checksum

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous

D = Differential

S = Simulator

N = Data not valid

The Mode indicator field supplements the Status field. The Status field shall be

set to V=invalid for all values of Operating Mode except for A=Autonomous and

D=Differential. The positioning system Mode indicator and Status field shall not

be null fields.

A-11

GNS - GNSS fixed data

$--GNS,hhmmss.ss,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,c--c,xx,x.x,x.x,x.x,x.x,x.x*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | +--- 11

| | | | | | | | | | | +------ 10

| | | | | | | | | | +---------- 9

| | | | | | | | | +-------------- 8

| | | | | | | | +------------------ 7

| | | | | | | +---------------------- 6

| | | | | | +------------------------- 5

| | | | | +------------------------------ 4

| | | +-------+--------------------------------- 3

| +---+--------------------------------------------- 2

+------------------------------------------------------------- 1

1. UTC of position

2. Latitude, N/S

3. Longitude, E/W

4. Mode indicator

5. Total number of satllite in use,00-99

6. HDOP

7. Antenna altitude, metres, re:mean-sea-level(geoid)

8. Geoidal separation

9. Age of differential data

10. Differential reference station ID

11. Checksum

MTW- Water temperature

$--MTW,x.x,C*hh<CR><LF>

| | |

| | +--------- 2

+--+----------- 1

1. Temperature, degrees C

2. Checksum

A-12

RMB - Recommended minimum navigation information

$--RMB,A,x.x,a,c--c,c--c,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,x.x,x.x,x.x,A,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--- 13

| | | | | | | | | | | | | +----- 12

| | | | | | | | | | | | +------- 11

| | | | | | | | | | | +---------- 10

| | | | | | | | | | +-------------- 9

| | | | | | | | | +------------------ 8

| | | | | | | +-----+--------------------- 7

| | | | | +----+--------------------------------- 6

| | | | +--------------------------------------------- 5

| | | +-------------------------------------------------- 4

| | +------------------------------------------------------ 3

| +--------------------------------------------------------- 2

+------------------------------------------------------------ 1

1. Data status: A=data valid, V=navigation receiver warning

2. Cross track error(see note 2) n.miles

3. Direction to steer L/R

4. Origin waypoint ID

5. Destination waypoint ID

6. Destination waypoint latitude,N/S

7. Destination waypoint longitude,E/W

8. Range to destination, n.miles(see note 1)

9. Bearing to destination, degrees true

10. Destination closing velocity, knots

11. Arrival status: A=arrival circle entered or perpendicular passed

12. Mode indicator(see note 3)

13. Checksum

NOTES

1 If range to destination exceeds 999.9 nautical miles, display 999.9.

2 If cross track error exceeds 9.99 nautical miles, display 9.99.

3 Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous

D = Differential

S = Simulator

N = Data not valid

The Mode indicator field supplements the Status field. The Status field

shall be set to V=invalid for all values of Operating Mode except for

A=Autonomous and D=Differential. The positioning system Mode indicator

and Status field shall not be null fields.

A-13

RMC- Recommended minimum specific GPS/TRANSIT data

$--RMC,hhmmss.ss,A,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,x.x,x.x,xxxxxx,x.x,a,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | +--- 10

| | | | | | | | | | | +----- 9

| | | | | | | | | +--+------- 8

| | | | | | | | +--------------- 7

| | | | | | | +--------------------- 6

| | | | | | +------------------------- 5

| | | | +---+---------------------------- 4

| | +---+---------------------------------------- 3

| +--------------------------------------------------- 2

+---------------------------------------------------------- 1

1. UTC of position fix

2. Status: A=data valid, V=navigation receiver warning

3. Latitude, N/S

4. Longitude, E/W

5. Speed over ground, knots

6. Course over ground, degrees true

7. Date: dd/mm/yy

8. magnetic variation, degrees E/W

9. Mode indicator(see note)

10. Checksum

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous

D = Differential

S = Simulator

N = Data not valid

The Mode indicator field supplements the Status field. The Status field

shall be set to V=invalid for all values of Operating Mode except for

A=Autonomous and D=Differential. The positioning system Mode indicator

and Status field shall not be null fields.

RTE - Routes

$--RTE,x.x,x.x,a,c--c,c--c,.....,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--------- 7

| | | | | +------------ 6

| | | | +----------------------- 5

| | | +---------------------------- 4

| | +-------------------------------- 3

| +----------------------------------- 2

+--------------------------------------- 1

1. Total number of messages being transmitted

2. Message number

3. Message mode:

c=complete route, all waypoints

w=working route, first listed waypoint is "FROM",

second is "TO" and remaining reset of route

4. Route identifier

5. Waypoint identifier

6. Waypoint "n" identifier

7. Checksum

A-14

TLL - Target latitude and longitude

$--TLL,xx,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,c--c,hhmmss.ss,a,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | +--------- 8

| | | | | | | | +----------- 7

| | | | | | | +------------- 6

| | | | | | +-------------------- 5

| | | | | +-------------------------- 4

| | | +-----+------------------------------ 3

| +----+------------------------------------------ 2

+----------------------------------------------------- 1

1. Target number 00 - 99

2. Latitude, N/S

3. Longitude, E/W

4. Target name

5. UTC of data

6. Target status(see note)

7. Reference target=R,null otherwise

8. Checksum

NOTE - Target status

L = lost,tracked target has beenlost

Q = query,target in the process of acquisition

T = tracking

VTG - Course over ground and ground speed

$--VTG,x.x,T,x.x,M,x.x,N,x.x,K,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | +------- 6

| | | | | | | | +--------- 5

| | | | | | +--+----------- 4

| | | | +--+----------------- 3

| | +--+----------------------- 2

+--+----------------------------- 1

1. Course over ground, degrees true

2. Course over ground, degrees magnetic

3. Speed over ground, knots

4. Speed over ground, km/h

5. Mode indicator(see note)

6. Checksum

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous

D = Differential

S = Simulator

N = Data not valid

The positioning system Mode indicator field shall not be a null field.

A-15

WCV - Waypoint closure velocity

$--WCV,x.x,N,c--c,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | |

| | | | | +------- 4

| | | | +--------- 3

| | +--+----------- 2

+--+---------------- 1

1. Velocity component, knots

2. Waypoint identifier

3. Mode indicator(see note)

4. Checksum

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous

D = Differential

S = Simulator

N = Data not valid

The positioning system Mode indicator field shall not be a null field.

WNC - Distance, waypoint to waypoint

$--WNC,x.x,N,x.x,K,c--c,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--- 5

| | | | | +------- 4

| | | | +------------ 3

| | +--+--------------- 2

+--+--------------------- 1

1. Distance, nautcal miles

2. Distance, km

3. To waypoint identifier

4. FROM waypoint identifier

5. CHecksum

WPL - Waypoint location

$--WPL,llll.lll,a,yyyyy.yyy,a,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | |

| | | | | +--------- 4

| | | | +------------ 3

| | +-----+---------------- 2

+-----+---------------------------- 1

1. Waypoint latitude, N/S

2. Waypoint longitude, E/W

3. Waypoint identifier

4. Checksum

A-16

XTE - Cross-track error, measured

$--XTE,A,A,x.x,a,N,a*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--------- 7

| | | | | +----------- 6

| | | | +------------- 5

| | | +--------------- 4

| | +------------------ 3

| +--------------------- 2

+----------------------- 1

NOTE Positioning system Mode indicator:

A = Autonomous mode

D = differential mode

S = Simulator mode

N = Data not valid

1. Status: A=data valid

V=LORAN-C blink or SNR warning

V=general warning flag or other navigation systems

when a reliable fix is not available

2. Status: A=data valid

V=LORAN-C cycle lock warning flag

3. Magnitude of cross-track error

4. Direction to steer, L/R

5. Units, nautical miles

6. Mode indicator(see note)

7. Checksum

ZDA - Time and date

$--ZDA,hhmmss.ss,xx,xx,xxxx,xx,xx*hh<CR><LF>

| | | | | | |

| | | | | | +--------- 7

| | | | | +----------- 6

| | | | +-------------- 5

| | | +------------------ 4

| | +---------------------- 3

| +------------------------- 2

+--------------------------------- 1

1. UTC

2. Day, 01 to 31(UTC)

3. Month, 01 to 12(UTC)

4. Year(UTC)

5. Local zone hours, 00h to +-13h

6. Local zone minutes, 00 to +59

as local hours

7. Checksum

ZTG - UTC and time to destination waypoint

$--ZTG,hhmmss.ss,hhmmss.ss,c--c*hh<CR><LF>

| | | |

| | | +--------- 4

| | +------------ 3

| +--------------------- 2

+------------------------------- 1

1. UTC of observation

2. Time-to-go, hh = 00 to 99

3. Destination waypoint ID

4. Checksum

A-17

Time Differences

A-18

Geodetic Chart LIst

001: WGS84

002: WGS72

003: TOKYO

004: NORTH AMERICAN 1927

005: EUROPEAN 1950

006: AUSTRALIAN GEODETIC 1984

007: ADINDAN

008:

009:

010:

011

012: AFG

013: AIN EL ABD 1970

014: ANNA 1 ASTRO 1965

015: ARC 1950

016:

017:

018:

019:

020:

021:

022:

023: ARC 1960

024:

025:

026: ASCENSION IS. 1958

027: ASTRO BEACON “E”

028: ASTRO B4 SOR. ATOLL

029: ASTRO POS 71/4

030: ASTRONOMIC STATION 1952

031: AUSTRALIAN GEODETIC 1966

032: BELLEVUE (IGN)

033: BERMUDA 1957

034: BOGOTA OBSERVATORY

035: GAUPO INCHAUSPE

036: CANTON IS. 1966

047:

048:

049:

050:

051:

052

053:

054:

055:

056:

037: CAPE

038: CAPE CANAVERAL

039: CARTHAGE

040: CHATHAM 1971

041: CHUA ASTRO

042: CORREGO ALEGRE

043: DJAKARTA (BATAVIA)

044: DOS 1968

045: EASTER IS. 1967

046: EUROPEAN 1950 (Cont’d)

057: EUROPEAN 1979

058: GANDAJIKA BASE

059: GEODETIC DATUM 1949

060: GUAM 1963

061: GUX 1 ASTRO

062: HJORSEY 1955

063: HONG KONG 1363

064: INDIAN

065:

066: IRELAND 1965

067: ISTS 073 ASTRO 1969

068: JOHNSTON IS. 1961

069: KANDAWALA

070: KERGUELEN IS.

071: KERTAU 1948

072: LA REUNION

073: L. C. 5 ASTRO

074: LIBERIA 1964

075: LUZON

076:

077: MAHE 1971

078: MARCO ASTRO

079: MASSAWA

080: MERCHICH

081: MIDWAY ASTRO 1961

082: MINNA

083: NAHRWAN

084:

085:

086: NAMIBIA

087: MAPARIMA, BWI

088: NORTH AMERICAN 1927

089:

090:

091:

092:

093:

: Mean Value (Japan, Korea & Okinawa)

: Mean Value (CONUS)

: Mean Value

: Australia & Tasmania

: Mean Value (Ethiopia & Sudan)

: Ethiopia

: Mali

: Senegal

: Sudan

: Somalia

: Bahrain Is.

: Cocos Is.

: Mean Value

: Botswana

: Lesotho

: Malawi

: Swaziland

: Zaire

: Zambia

: Zimbabwe

: Mean Value (Kenya & Tanzania)

: Kenya

: Tanzania

: Ascension Is.

: Iwo Jima Is.

: Tern Is.

: St. Helena Is.

: Marcus Is.

: Australia & Tasmania

: Efate & Erromango Islands

: Bermuda Islands

: Columbia

: Argentina

: Phoenix Islands

: South Africa

: Mean Value (Florida & Bahama Islands)

: Tunisia

: Chatham Is. (New Zealand)

: Paraguay

: Brazil

: Sumatra Is. (Indonesia)

: Gizo Is. (New Georgia Is.)

: Easter Is.

: Western Europe

: Cyprus

: Egypt

: England, Scotland, Channel & Shetland Islands

: England, Ireland, Scotland, & Shetland Islands

: Greece

: Iran

: Italy, Sardinia

: Italy, Sicily

: Norway & Finland

: Portugal & Spain

: Mean Value

: Republic of Maldives

: New Zealand

: Guam Is.

: Guadalcanal Is.

: Iceland

: Hong Kong

: Thailand & Vietnam

: Bangladesh, India & Nepal

: Ireland

: Diego Garcia

: Johnston Is.

: Sri Lanka

: Kerguelen Is.

: West Malaysia & Singapore

: Mascarene Is.

: Cayman Brac Is.

: Liberia

: Philippines (excl. Mindanao Is.)

: Mindanao Is.

: Mahe Is.

: Salvage Islands

: Eritrea (Ethiopia)

: Morocco

: Midway Is.

: Nigeria

: Masirah Is. (0man)

: United Arab Emirates

: Saudi Arabia

: Namibia

: Trinidad & Tobago

: Western United States

: Eastern United States

: Alaska

: Bahamas (excl. San Salvador Is.)

: Bahamas, San Salvador Is.

: Canada (incl. Newfoundland Is.)

094:

095:

096:

097:

098:

099:

100:

101:

102:

103:

104:

105: NORTH AMERICAN 1983

106:

107:

108:

109: OBSERVATORIO 1966

110: OLD EGYPTIAN 1930

111: OLD HAWAIIAN

112:

113:

114:

115:

: Alberta & British Columbia

: East Canada

: Manitoba & Ontario

: Northwest Territories & Saskatchewan

: Yukon

: Canal Zone

: Caribbean

: Central America

: Cuba

: Greenland

: Mexico

: Alaska

: Canada

: CONUS

: Mexico, Central America

: Corvo & Flores Islands (Azores)

: Egypt

: Mean Value

: Hawaii

: Kauai

: Maui

: Oahu

116: OMAN : Oman

117: ORDNANCE SURVEY OF GREAT BRITAIN 1936: Mean Value

118: : England

119:

120:

: England, Isle of Man & Wales

: Scotland, & Shetland Islands

121:

122: PICO DE LAS NIVIES

123: PITCAIRN ASTRO 1967

: Wales

: Canary Islands

: Pitcairn Is.

124: PROVISIONS SOUTH CHILEAN 1963: South Chile (near 53˚ S)

125: PROVISIONAL SOUTH AMERICAN 1956: Mean Value

126:

127:

128:

129:

130:

131:

132:

133:

134: PUERTO RICO

135: QATAR NATIONAL

: Bolivia

: Chile-Northern Chile (near 19˚S)

: Chile-Southern Chile (near 43˚S)

: Columbia

: Ecuador

: Guyana

: Peru

: Venezuela

: Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands

: Qatar

136: QORNOQ

137: ROME 1940

138: SANTA BRAZ

139: SANTO (DOS)

140: SAPPER HILL 1943

141: SOUTH AMERICAN 1969

142:

143:

: South Greenland

: Sardinia Islands

: Sao Maguel, Santa Maria Islands (Azores)

: Espirito Santo Is.

: East Falkland Is.

: Mean Value

: Argentina

: Bolivia

144:

145:

146:

147:

148:

149:

150:

151:

152:

153: SOUTH ASIA

: Brazil

: Chile

: Columbia

: Ecuador

: Guyana

: Paraguay

: Peru

: Trinidad & Tobago

: Venezuela

: Singapore

154: SOUTHEAST BASE

155: SOUTHWEST BASE

156: TIMBALAI 1948

157: TOKYO

158:

159:

160: TRISTAN ASTRO 1968

161: VITI LEVU 1916

162: WAKE-ENIWETOK 1960

163: ZANDERIJ

: Porto Santo & Madeira Islands

: Faial, Graciosa, Pico, Sao Jorge, & Terceira Is.

: Brunei & East Malaysia (Sarawak & Sadah)

: Japan

: Korea

: Okinawa

: Tristan da Cunha

: Viti Levu Is. (Fiji Islands)

: Marshall Islands

: Surinam

164: BUKIT RIMPAH

165: CAMP AREA ASTRO

166: G. SEGARA

167: HERAT NORTH

168: HU-TZU-SHAN

: Bangka & Belitung Islands (Indonesia)

: Camp Mcmurdo Area, Antarctica

: Kalimantan Is. (Indonesia)

: Afghanistan

: Taiwan

169: TANANARIVE OBSERVATORY 1925: Madagascar

170: YACARE : Uruguay

171: RT-90 : Sweden

172: Pulkovo 1942

173: Finish KKJ

: Russia

: Finland

A-19

Loran C Chains

7950

7960

7970

7980

7990

8000

8290

8990

8970

GRI

4990

5930

5970

5990

7170

7930

9610

9940

9960

9970

9980

9990

4991

8940

8930

7270

6731

7001

7499

9007

8830

7030

Chain

Central Pacific

Canadian East Coast

Commando Lion (Korea)

Canadian West Coast

South Saudi Arabia

Labrador Sea

Eastern Russia

Gulf of Alaska

Norwegian Sea

Southeast USA

Mediterranean Sea

Western Russia

North Central USA

North Saudi Arabia

Great Lakes

South Central USA

West Coast USA

Northeast USA

Northeast Pacific (old)

Icelandic

North Pacific

Suez

England, France

Northwest Pacific

Newfoundland East Coast

Lessay

Sylt

Ejde

Saudia Arabia North

Saudia Arabia South

11 25 40

11 27 40

11 25 39

11 30 55

11 30 --

11 29 43

10 24

12 30

11 30 50

11 25

10 39

11 27

11 26

10 23 38

11 25 39

11 25 37

S1 S2 S3 S4 S5

11 29 ----

11 25 38 ---

11 31 42

11 27 41

11 26 39

11 26 --

--

--

52

--

--

--

--

--

11 30 46

11 26 44

11 26 46

11 23 43

11 29 47

10 25 50

11 27 42

11 25 40

11 28 44

61

--

60

59

--

65

--

--

--

56 69

59 --

--

--

--

--

--

52 65

---

54 --

81

--

--

--

---

70

56

55

A-20

Decca Chains

Chain

South Baltic

Vestlandet

Southwest British

Northumbrian

Holland

North British

Lofoten

North Baltic

North West

Trondelag

English

North Bothnian

Southern Spanish

North Scottish

Gulf of Finland

Danish

Irish

Finnmark

French

South Bothnian

Hebridean

Frisian Islands

Helgeland

Skagerrak

North Persian Gulf

South Persian Gulf

Bombay

Calcutta

Bangladesh

Saliyah

Hokkaido 9C

Tohoku 6C

9E

10B

5C

1C

7B

8B

6C

2F

7D

7E

8B

8C

6A

6C

6E

7B

8E

9B

Chain code

0A

3B

3E

3F

4B

0E

1B

2A

2E

4C

4E

5B

5F

28

29

30

31

24

25

26

27

32

33

18

19

20

21

14

15

16

17

22

23

Chain

No.

01

06

07

08

09

02

03

04

05

10

11

12

13

Location

Europe

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

Persian Gulf & India

"

Japan

"

Chain no.

34

39

40

41

42

35

36

37

38

43

44

45

46

47

48

Chain

Kanto

Shikoku

Hokuriku

Kita Kyushu

Namaqualand

Cape

Eastern Province

South West Africa

Natal

Dampier

Port Headland

Anticosti

East Newfoundland

Cabot Strait

Nova Scotia

Chain code

8C

6A

8A

9C

10C

4C

2C

7C

4A

8E

4A

9C

2C

6B

7C

Location

Japan

"

"

"

"

"

"

"

Southern Africa

Australia

"

Northern America

"

"

"

A-21

Glossary

Almanac

Each GPS satellite broadcasts its own orbital data as well as general orbital data of all other

GPS satellites. This general orbital data is called the Almanac. The GPS receiver receives the Almanac and decodes it to calculate the quantity and elevation angle of satellites in view, to know when it can receive the GPS signal. If there is no Almanac in the receiver it cannot fix its position. The receiver is shipped with no Almanac, thus when it is turned on for the first time it starts receiving the Almanac. Each time the unit is turned on the previous Almanac is erased and the latest received.

Beacon receiver

The DGPS (Differential GPS) station transmits a beacon signal which contains information about GPS error. The device which receives the beacon signal is called a beacon receiver.

Cold start

When the GPS receiver is turned on for the very first time, it starts receiving the Almanac.

This condition is called cold start. In this condition it takes about two minutes to find position. Once the Almanac is stored in the

GPS navigator, it takes only about 20 seconds to find position. (The normal start-up condition is called warm start.)

Destination

A destination can be either a single destination waypoint or a series of waypoints leading to the ultimate destination. When you set a destination, the GPS receiver provides range and bearing data to the destination, to help you steer to the destination along the shortest past possible.

Differential GPS (DGPS)

The differential GPS system, consisting of

DGPS land stations and DPGS beacon receiver-equipped marine vessels, further refines the accuracy of the GPS measured position.

A DGPS land station knows its exact position.

If there is a difference between GPS position and DGPS land station's position this is called

GPS error. The DPGS station transmits GPS error data to a beacon receiver which relays the data to the GPS receiver. The GPS receiver uses this data to refine the accuracy of the GPS position (within about 5 meters under ideal conditions).

DGPS stations are strategically located throughout America (including Hawaii and

Alaska), Europe, Canada, Bermuda and

Brazil.

Estimated time of arrival (ETA)

The time at which you arrive at the ultimate destination.

Geodetic chart

A nautical chart is usually made by either trigonometrical survey or astronomical survey and according to the geodetic chart standards of the country where it is used. The GPS standard chart system is WGS-84.

Thus if you are using a chart different from

WGS-84, there will be error between GPS position and nautical chart position. To get correct position, the GPS receiver must know what chart system you are using, to apply an offset to GPS position.

A-22

GPS measured position

GPS measured latitude and longitude position.

Intermediate waypoint

A waypoint in a route.

Magnetic bearing

Bearing relative to magnetic north, with the compass bearing corrected for deviation.

Magnetic variation offset

The location of the magnetic north pole is different from the geographical north pole.

This causes a difference between the true and magnetic north direction. This difference is called magnetic variation, and varies with respect to the observation point on the earth.

This variation may be entered automatically or manually.

Navigation calculation

The GPS receiver calculates the range, bearing and cross track error to next waypoint when you select a destination. The calculation of that data is called navigation calculation. The calculation itself is done using one of two methods (selectable): Great circle (straight line between two points) or Rhumb line

(straight line between two points on nautical chart).

NMEA 0183

The National Marine Electronics

Association's signal format which enables connection of electronic equipment of different marine electronics manufacturers.

Plotting interval

The plotting interval determines both how the track will be reconstructed on the display and track storage time. The shorter the interval the more accurate the reconstruction of track line, however total storage time is reduced. The plotting interval can be selected to time or distance. Plotting by distance offers the advantage that the track is not stored when the vessel is anchored.

Route

A series of waypoints leading to the ultimate destination.

Route navigation

Following a stored route.

S/A

GPS was developed by the US Department of Defense mainly for use by its marine vessels and aircraft. For civil users the accuracy of the system is purposely downgraded for national security reasons.

This intentional accuracy reduction is called

S/A. Because GPS position error may be greater than 100 meters any GPS position should be double checked against other sources to confirm position.

Skip

This means to bypass a waypoint in a route.

Storage capacity

Storage capacity defines how many points of track and marks a memory can hold. The GP-

80's storage capacity is 2,000 points.

Time-to-go (TTG)

The amount of time necessary to get to a destination, maintaining current speed and course.

Time differences

Time differences (or TDs) are the position information generated by the Loran C and

Decca position-fixing systems. TDs are the time in microseconds between the transmission of pulsed signals in the Loran C and Decca systems.

A-23

Total distance

Total distance is the number of miles from starting point to end point in a route.

Trip distance

The distance run from starting position.

Trip elapsed time

The amount of time passed since departing a starting point.

True bearing

Bearing relative to North; compass bearing corrected for magnetic deviation. The GPS receiver can display true or magnetic bearing.

Velocity to destination

The amount of speed in the direction (course) of the desired destination.

Waypoint

A waypoint is a particular location on a voyage whether it be a starting, intermediate or destination waypoint.

A-24

Glossary

Almanac

Each GPS satellite broadcasts its own orbital data as well as general orbital data of all other

GPS satellites. This general orbital data is called the Almanac. The GPS receiver receives the Almanac and decodes it to calculate the quantity and elevation angle of satellites in view, to know when it can receive the GPS signal. If there is no Almanac in the receiver it cannot fix its position. The receiver is shipped with no Almanac, thus when it is turned on for the first time it starts receiving the Almanac. Each time the unit is turned on the previous Almanac is erased and the latest received.

Beacon receiver

The DGPS (Differential GPS) station transmits a beacon signal which contains information about GPS error. The device which receives the beacon signal is called a beacon receiver.

Cold start

When the GPS receiver is turned on for the very first time, it starts receiving the Almanac.

This condition is called cold start. In this condition it takes about two minutes to find position. Once the Almanac is stored in the

GPS navigator, it takes only about 20 seconds to find position. (The normal start-up condition is called warm start.)

Destination

A destination can be either a single destination waypoint or a series of waypoints leading to the ultimate destination. When you set a destination, the GPS receiver provides range and bearing data to the destination, to help you steer to the destination along the shortest past possible.

Differential GPS (DGPS)

The differential GPS system, consisting of

DGPS land stations and DPGS beacon receiver-equipped marine vessels, further refines the accuracy of the GPS measured position.

A DGPS land station knows its exact position.

If there is a difference between GPS position and DGPS land station's position this is called

GPS error. The DPGS station transmits GPS error data to a beacon receiver which relays the data to the GPS receiver. The GPS receiver uses this data to refine the accuracy of the GPS position (within about 5 meters under ideal conditions).

DGPS stations are strategically located throughout America (including Hawaii and

Alaska), Europe, Canada, Bermuda and

Brazil.

Estimated time of arrival (ETA)

The time at which you arrive at the ultimate destination.

Geodetic chart

A nautical chart is usually made by either trigonometrical survey or astronomical survey and according to the geodetic chart standards of the country where it is used. The GPS standard chart system is WGS-84.

Thus if you are using a chart different from

WGS-84, there will be error between GPS position and nautical chart position. To get correct position, the GPS receiver must know what chart system you are using, to apply an offset to GPS position.

GPS measured position

GPS measured latitude and longitude position.

Intermediate waypoint

A waypoint in a route.

Magnetic bearing

A-25

Bearing relative to magnetic north, with the compass bearing corrected for deviation.

Magnetic variation offset

The location of the magnetic north pole is different from the geographical north pole.

This causes a difference between the true and magnetic north direction. This difference is called magnetic variation, and varies with respect to the observation point on the earth.

This variation may be entered automatically or manually.

Navigation calculation

The GPS receiver calculates the range, bearing and cross track error to next waypoint when you select a destination. The calculation of that data is called navigation calculation. The calculation itself is done using one of two methods (selectable): Great circle (straight line between two points) or Rhumb line

(straight line between two points on nautical chart).

NMEA 0183

The National Marine Electronics

Association's signal format which enables connection of electronic equipment of different marine electronics manufacturers.

Plotting interval

The plotting interval determines both how the track will be reconstructed on the display and track storage time. The shorter the interval the more accurate the reconstruction of track line, however total storage time is reduced. The plotting interval can be selected to time or distance. Plotting by distance offers the advantage that the track is not stored when the vessel is anchored.

Route

A series of waypoints leading to the ultimate destination.

Route navigation

Following a stored route.

S/A

GPS was developed by the US Department of Defense mainly for use by its marine vessels and aircraft. For civil users the accuracy of the system is purposely downgraded for national security reasons.

This intentional accuracy reduction is called

S/A. Because GPS position error may be greater than 100 meters any GPS position should be double checked against other sources to confirm position.

Skip

This means to bypass a waypoint in a route.

Storage capacity

Storage capacity defines how many points of track and marks a memory can hold. The GP-

80's storage capacity is 2,000 points.

Time-to-go (TTG)

The amount of time necessary to get to a destination, maintaining current speed and course.

Time differences

Time differences (or TDs) are the position information generated by the Loran C and

Decca position-fixing systems. TDs are the time in microseconds between the transmission of pulsed signals in the Loran C and Decca systems.

Total distance

Total distance is the number of miles from starting point to end point in a route.

Trip distance

The distance run from starting position.

Trip elapsed time

The amount of time passed since departing a starting point.

A-26

True bearing

Bearing relative to North; compass bearing corrected for magnetic deviation. The GPS receiver can display true or magnetic bearing.

Velocity to destination

The amount of speed in the direction (course) of the desired destination.

Waypoint

A waypoint is a particular location on a voyage whether it be a starting, intermediate or destination waypoint.

A-27

This page is intentionally left blank.

INDEX

A

Anchor watch alarm 7-2

Apportioning the Memory 2-5

Arrival Alarm 7-1

Automatic testing 9-6

B

brilliance 1-3

C

Cancelling Destination 5-5

Centering Cursor Position 2-2

Clearing the Memory 9-1

Cross Track Error Alarm 7-2 contrast 1-3

Course-up 2-1

Connecting Marks 3-2

Course bar tone 8-4

Cursor size 8-5

[CURSOR ON/OFF] 2-1

D

Data display 1-6, 6-1

DATA 1 out setting 8-6

DATA 2 output setting 8-7

DATA 3 output setting 8-7

Deleting Waypoints 4-5

Deleting Route Waypoints 4-6

Deleting Routes 4-7

Decca LOPs 6-2

Demo Display 6-4

Depth Alarm 7-4display mode 1-3

DGPS Settings 8-10

DGPS error 9-2

Display Orientation 2-1

Displaying LOPs 6-2

Disable satellite 8-1

Display test 9-6

E

Editing Waypoints 4-4

Entering marks 3-1 entry of comment 4-2

Entering position 8-3

Enlarging characters 8-5

Erasing Track 2-3

Erasing marks 3-1

Erasing Route Waypoints 5-6

Error Messages 9-2

Event Marks 3-3

Event Mark Shape 3-3 external DGPS receiver 8-11

F

Fix mode 8-1

G

Geodetic datum 8-1

GPS Menu 8-1

GPS smoothing 8-1

GPS Monitor Displays 8-12

GPS error 9-2

Grid tone 8-4

Great Circle 5-7

H

Highway display 1-4

Hold icon 2-3

K

Keyboard test 9-5

L

Loading lighthouse data 8-8

Loran LOPs 6-2

Index

-

1

N

Navigation display 1-5

North-up 2-1

M

Magnetic variation 2-6

Mark Shape 3-2 mark connection line 3-2

Memory and I/O circuits test 9-5

MOB Mark 3-4

P

Plotter 1 display 1-4

Plotter 2 display 1-4

[PLOT ON/OFF]key 2-2

Position offset 8-1

Position-fixing Accuracy 1-2

[POWER]key 1-2

R

receiver indication 1-2

Registering Waypoints 4-1

Registering Routes 4-5

Replacing Route Waypoints 4-7

Rhumb Line 5-7

S

Selecting the Display Mode 1-3

Selecting DGPS station 8-10

Self Tests 9-5Shifting the Display 2-2

Setting Destination 5-1

Setting DATA to NMEA 8-7

Ship's Speed Alarm 7-3

Skipping route waypoint 5-5

Speed average 8-1

Stopping Plotting 2-2

Starting Plotting 2-2

T

Track Plotting Interval 2-4

True bearing 2-6

Trip Alarm 7-3

Turning on the power 1-2

Turning the power off 1-3

Time difference 8-1

Time mark tone 8-4

Index

-

2

U

User-defined display 6-1

Unit distance 8-3

Unit of depth 8-3

Unit of water temperature 8-4

Unit of altitude 8-4

W

Water Temperature Alarm 7-4

Waypoint mark size 8-5

X

XTE alarm 7-2

Z

[ZOOM IN]key 2-1

[ZOOM OUT]key 2-1

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