RFL 9745 Teleprotection Channel Key Features and Benefits

RFL 9745

Teleprotection Channel

Key Features and Benefits

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One product for audio, digital or fiber applications

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Up to four independent functions per audio system, seven for digital/fiber

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Sequence-of-events recording

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Address and checkback testing

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Bi-directional channel delay measurement

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Trip output failure detection

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User-defined teleprotection logic and alarms

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Remote RS-232 setup and diagnostics

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Diagnostics and setup of remote RFL 9745 through the local RFL 9745

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Three year warranty

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Optional Ethernet/Telnet adapter for remote LAN/WAN access.

The RFL 9745, is a fully programmable Teleprotection Channel suitable for Direct Transfer Trip, Permissive Transfer

Trip, Blocking and Unblocking applications. Flash memory and remote RS-232 communications allows new firmware to be loaded making field programming possible without having to open the chassis. The communications interface can be converted in the field to adapt to different types of media. An unprecedented level of diagnostic information is available and easily accessible with the RFL 9745. RFL’s sequence-of-events, diagnostics package provides a convenient method for evaluating communications system performance during the fault clearing process.

RFL Electronics Inc.

July 2004 PI9745

Applications

The RFL 9745 communications interface can be configured for audio, digital or fiber optic media. It is well suited for all standard and non-standard pilot protections schemes such as:

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Permissive Transfer Trip

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Direct Transfer Trip

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Blocking and Unblocking

Diagnostics and Testing

Diagnostic information is available and easily accessible with the RFL 9745. RFL's diagnostic package takes the guesswork out of power system fault analysis and evaluating communications system performance during the fault-clearing process. The RFL 9745 provides the following standard features:

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Channel propagation delay measured and reported

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Channel delay in each direction available with IRIG-B

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Commissioning can be accomplished remotely or from a single terminal

Figure 1 shows the record number, the name of the parameter that changed state to trigger the event, and the date and time the event occurred. Below this, the status of all inputs, outputs, and alarm outputs at the time of the event are listed. This information can be used to analyze the system conditions at the precise instant the event occurred.

Programmability

Changes in field are no longer necessary for logic functions can be changed or fine-tuned remotely through the RFL 9745's

RS-232 port or optional Ethernet/Telnet adapter.

User Programmable Logic Functions

Change timer values, logic states and logic functions without ever removing a module or opening the chassis.

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Two RS-232 ports for local and remote access

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Optional Ethernet/Telnet adapter for remote LAN/WAN access.

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Trip output circuit failure detection

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100 Sequence-of-events records

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Internal real-time system clock

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IRIG-B Clock sync input

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Six-digit cumulative operations counters

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System outage timer

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Current status of all system parameters

•

Diagnostic information about the remote end

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Checkback testing either locally or remotely initiated

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Automatic checkback by interval time between tests

User Programmable Inputs and Outputs

The RFL 9745 can be supplied with two Input/Output modules. Each module provides optically isolated inputs, solidstate or dry relay contact outputs, as well as form

"C" alarm contacts. The function of all of these inputs and outputs can be individually programmed to meet the application requirements.

Create your own alarm conditions

The RFL 9745 can be equipped with either three or six fullyprogrammable alarm/annunciator relays.

Record 003 Event Trigger: Annunc Relay 1A Inactive

Event Time: 01/01/98, 00:07:06.260

Input 1A

Input 2A

Input 3A

Input 4A

Input 1B

Input 2B

Input 3B

Input 4B

Annunc Relay 1A

Annunc Relay 2A

Annunc Relay 3A

Annunc Relay 1B

Annunc Relay 2B

Annunc Relay 3B

Run Auto Test

FM Noise Ch1

FM Noise Ch2

FM Noise Ch3

FM Noise Ch4

Comms CPU Failure

Autotest Complete

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A

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Output 1A

Output 2A

Output 3A

Output 4A

Output 1B

Output 2B

Output 3B

Output 4B

Annunc Output 1

Annunc Output 2

Annunc Output 3

Annunc Output 4

Annunc Output 5

Annunc Output 6

Channel Delay

AM Noise Ch1

AM Noise Ch2

AM Noise Ch3

AM Noise Ch4

Outage Timer Active

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Rx Freq High Ch1

Rx Freq High Ch2

Rx Freq High Ch3

Rx Freq High Ch4

Rx Freq Low Ch1

Rx Freq Low Ch2

Rx Freq Low Ch3

Rx Freq Low Ch4

Tx Function Ch1

Tx Function Ch2

Tx Function Ch3

Tx Function Ch4

Address Test Fail

Autotest Timeout

Bus Error

Left Power Low

Right Power Low

Battery Failure

RS232 Active

Test in Progress

Figure 1. Typical individual event record display for the Audio System

RFL Electronics Inc.

July 2004

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PI9745

Programming

The RFL 9745 is programmed using RFL's Asynchronous

Programming and Remote Interrogation Language (PC

APRIL). PC APRIL provides the user with a verbose man/ machine interface in an ASCII format. It is accessible using any standard terminal emulation or communication software on a personal computer.

All functions that require adjustments during normal installation and maintenance are also available by using the frontpanel display and push-button switches. All programming levels available over the RS-232 (or Telnet adapter) interface are password-protected.

Every RFL 9745 is supplied pre-programmed with a default operating program. On the audio tone version, after the standard program is uploaded into the system, all the user needs to do is enter the operating frequencies and bandwidths. Figure 2 shows the parameter settings for the audio tone version, Figure 3 shows the parameter settings required for RFL 9745's configured with any of the several digital interfaces available.

A DOS version of the RFL 9745 PC APRIL software package is supplied with every order. This version allows the application engineer to save revised programing parameters

016

017

018

020

021

023

025

999

001

002

003

005

006

008

010

031

032

033

035

036

038

040

046

047

048

050

051

053

055

060

062

064

066

068

PP ARAMETER

System Label

Channel 1

Tone 1 Tx Freq

Transmit Level

Tone 1 Rx Freq

Rx Bandwidth

Rx Alarm

FM Noise

Channel 2

Tone 2 Tx Freq

Transmit Level

Tone 2 Rx Freq

Rx Bandwidth

Rx Alarm

FM Noise

Channel 3

Tone 3 Tx Freq

Transmit Level

Tone 3 Rx Freq

Rx Bandwidth

Rx Alarm

FM Noise

Channel 4

Tone 4 Tx Freq

Transmit Level

Tone 4 Rx Freq

Single

1880 Hz 2030 Hz

0.00 dBm

1880 Hz 2030 Hz

Rx Bandwidth

Rx Alarm

225 Hz

-40 dBm

FM Noise 15 %

Opt Status Board No

Chan delay alarm 8 ms

Date

Hour Adjust

Remote Address

01/01

-1

0

SET TING sec/dep

Single

1540 Hz 1690 Hz

0.00 dBm

1540 Hz 1690 Hz

225 Hz

-40 dBm

15 %

Single

1200 Hz 1350 Hz

0.00 dBm

1200 Hz 1350 Hz

225 Hz

-40 dBm

15 %

Single

2220 Hz 2370 Hz

0.00 dBm

2060 Hz 2370 Hz

225 Hz

-40 dBm

15 % to a disk file for future downloading to the RFL 9745. The

DOS program can also be utilized as a training tool to allow users to become familiar with the equipment.

A specialized software, the RFL Expert System, has been developed to allow graphical design of the system logic by using a specialized symbols library. The RFL Expert

System is a WINDOWS TM -based application software package which allows the user to develop his own protection schemes. This software is intended for customers who want to create, modify, or simulate applications for their RFL 9745 without having the hardware in front of them.

The RFL Expert System consists primarily of an OrCAD TM

Schematic Capture Program coupled with an RFL designed

WINDOWS TM -based editing system and RFL's easy-to-use

PC APRIL programming language. This system includes a digital simulator which allows the user to simulate logic inputs to the newly designed system logic and verify the expected results prior to uploading.

OrCAD TM Software is used to design RFL 9745 alarm logic and primitive logic diagrams. The RFL Expert System software is used to run simulations on the logic diagrams and to combine the primitive and alarm logic diagrams into one set of files for the RFL 9745. These files are then used to program the RFL 9745 using PC April Software.

PP ARAMETER SET TING

004

007

009

019

022

024

034

037

039

049

052

054

061

063

065

067

069

Boost Level

Rx Level

AM Noise (SNR)

Boost Level

Rx Level

AM Noise (SNR)

Boost Level

Rx Level

AM Noise (SNR)

Boost Level

Rx Level

AM Noise (SNR)

EE Pot J10

Year

Time

Local Address

Reset Log

0 dB

0 dBm

9 dB

0 dB

0 dBm

9 dB

0 dB

0 dBm

9 dB

0 dB

0 dBm

9 dB

B

1998

02:07:38

0

Figure 2. Typical Audio System parameter settings display


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PI9745

System Specifications

Audio Communications

Audio tone versions of the RFL 9745 can be supplied with two or four FSK audio tone transceivers. All transceivers are bidirectional and can be programmed for any operating frequency or bandwidth between 300 and 4,000 Hz. Channel one can be set to operate as a modem channel. This channel provides a communication link to the remote terminal for remote interrogation, setting changes or system testing from the local terminal.

SPURIOUS OUTPUT

All harmonics and spurious outputs are at least 40 dB lower than the carrier.

TRANSMITTER STABILITY

The transmitter frequency is stable within 0.02 percent over the full range of temperature and input power variations.

TRIP BOOST

Amplitude: Adjustable from zero to +12 dB in 1 dB steps.

Duration: Adjustable from zero to 30 seconds in .5ms steps.

AUDIO INTERFACE CONFIGURATIONS

Single Two-Wire Terminals

Dual Two-Wire Terminals

Single Four-Wire Terminals

Dual Four-Wire Terminals

INPUT AND OUTPUT IMPEDANCE

600 Ohms

Digital Communications

RECOMMENDED CHANNEL FREQUENCIES

Range: 300 Hz to 4000 Hz

Resolution: 1Hz

The RFL 9745 is available with five types of serial digital interfaces: 56Kbps/RS-449, 64Kbps/G.703 Codirectional and

Contra-directional interfaces, 64Kbps/X.21, and 2.048Mbps/

G.703.

TRANSMIT LEVEL

Adjustable from -40 dBm +10 dBm in 0.25 dB steps

RECEIVER SENSITIVITY

Minimum Input Level: -40 dBm

Maximum Input Level: 0 dBm

RECEIVER DYNAMIC RANGE (referenced to center point)

-17 dB to + 11 dB

The digital interfaces conform to the standards set forth in their respective specifications (RS-449, CCITT G.703, X.21).

Figure 3 represents a typical parameter settings display for the digital system.

Fiber Optic Communications

Fiber Optic Communications Interfaces and System Gains are as follows:

ADJACENT CHANNEL REJECTION

40 dB

60-HZ REJECTION

A received tone at -30 dBm will not be affected by a 50 Hz or 60 Hz signal as great as 40 Vrms with optional 50/60 Hz blocking filter.

Wavelength &

Emitter Type

850 nm LED

1300nm LED

1300nm LED

Fiber Type

Multimode

Multimode

Singlemode

1300nm Laser Singlemode

1550nm Laser Singlemode

850 nm LED

(short haul)

Multimode

Connector

Type

ST

ST

ST

ST

ST

ST

Output

Level

Receiver

Sensitivity

-18 dBm -46 dBm

-13 dBm -39 dBm

-17 dBm -39 dBm

0 dBm -39 dBm

-3 dBm -39 dBm

-19dBm -32dBm

System

Gain

25 dB

25 dB

18 dB

36 dB

30 dB

13dB

AMPLITUDE STABILITY

The Transmit level will vary by no more than ±1 dB.

# PARAMETER SETTING # PARAMETER SETTING


July 2004

999

011

012

013

014

System Label

Functions 1-7 sec/dep

Digital

Major Data Error 6, 500

Minor Data Error 400, 200000

Alarm BER 1E-04

060

063

065

067

069

Opt Status Board No

Year 2000

Time

Local Address

Reset Log

00:00:21

0

062

064

066

068

Chan delay alarm

Date

Hour Adjust

Remote Address

Figure 3. Typical parameter settings display for the Digital System.

Specifications subject to change without notice.

8 ms

01/01

-1

0

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PI9745

850 NM SHORT HAUL FIBER INTERFACE

The RFL 9745 is typically located close to the protective relaying equipment. The communications equipment, could be located in a different room or building in the substation.

The RFL 9745 when configured with the Short Haul Fiber

Interface, eliminates the ground potential rise and induced voltage concerns associated with routing a copper communications cable between two sites. A pair of 850 nm multimode fiber optic cables are routed between the two locations. The fibers can be up to 1 kilometer (3,280 feet) long and terminated with ST type connectors.

trical cable as shown in Figure-4. If the communications equipment supports the ANSI 37.94 Short Haul Fiber Interface standard the fiber optic cables can be interfaced directly to it as shown in Figure 5.

SHORT HAUL SERVICE UNIT FIBER OPTIC TRANSCEIVERS

Compliant to ANSI C37.94 Short Haul Fiber Standard

Fiber Type: 50 Micron core, 850 NM Multimode

62.5 Micron core, 850 NM Multimode

There are two ways to implement short haul fiber communications between the RFL 9745 and a multiplexer. The

Short Haul Fiber Interface for the RFL 9745 is compliant to the ANSI C37.94 Short Haul Fiber Standard and will directly communicate to a multiplexer with a compliant interface. If the multiplexer does not support the standard, RFL can provide a remote Fiber Optic Service Unit that converts the optical signal into an electrical signal that will be accepted by the multiplexer.

Optical Budget: 9db for 50 Micron core

13db for 62.5 Micron core

Fiber Connector: ST

Digital Connector:

RS-449, 64kbps, DB37 Male Connector

V.35, 64kbps, DB37 Male Connector

X.21, 64 Kbps, DB15 Male Connector

G.703, 64-768 Kbps, DB15 Male Connector

The digital output of the Fiber Optic Service Unit is connected to the communications equipment by a short elec-

INPUT POWER

Less than 5W with a 38-150VDC power supply input.

Relay

Relay Building

Communication

Communication Building

RFL 9745 with Short Haul

Comm unication

M ultiplexer

Fiber Service Unit

Remote Fiber Optic

Service Unit

Multimode Fiber Cable Pair

Wire Trough

Figure 4. Typical RFL 9745 Short Haul Fiber Optic Application with Fiber Service Unit

RFL 9745 with Short Haul

Fiber Interface

Communication

Multiplexer

Equipment

Equipment

RS449

Cable

Short Haul

Fiber Interface

Remote Fiber Optic

Service Unit

Multimode Fiber Cable Pair

Wire Trough

Figure 5. Typical RFL 9745 Short Haul Fiber Interface Application direct to multiplexer with C37.94 compliant I/O



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PI9745

Real Time Clock

IRIG-B

The RFL 9745 accepts the IRIG-B Standard Time Code on a 1kHz modulated carrier. Nominal signal levels are 3.3 volts peak-to-peak (± 0.5v) for a logic "1" and 1 volt peak-to-peak

(± 0.2v) for a logic "0". The IRIG-B input presents a 3.7k

ohm impedance and is transformer isolated.

RESOLUTION

1 ms

ACCURACY

Free Running: Within 1 minute per month

Under IRIG-B Control ±1msecs

RESET

Manual or by IRIG-B code

ISOLATION

The RFL 9745's RS-232 ports (front and rear panel) are isolated from circuit common and chassis ground to a surge withstand level of 500 Vdc.

a 10 Base-T Ethernet network that is becoming very common in a substation envirement.

The adapter is plugged into the right options bay of the

RFL 9745. One of the two serial ports is called the Craft port and the other is the Data port. These RS232 ports are three-wire RS232 ports with a DB9 connector. The Craft power is used to set up the TCP/IP and Data port parameters.

I/O Options

The RFL 9745 can be configured with a maximum of two I/

O modules. There is a Solid-State, a Relay/Solid-State, and a HS Relay version available. All versions provide four optically isolated keying inputs and three independent form "C" alarm output contacts. The Solid-State version provides four independent solid-state outputs. The Relay/Solid State version provides three independent jumper selectable form "A" or form "B" output contacts and one solid-state output and the HS Relay version provides four independent jumper selectable form "A" or form "B" output contacts.

EVENTS STORAGE

The Sequence of Events Recorder can store up to 100 events. After this limit is reached, older events are overwritten. The Events Log keeps a running tally of the number of times each function, input, output and alarm is active along with the time and date the event occurred. Up to 1,000,000 counts can be stored for each item.

RS-232 INTERROGATION PORTS

The 9745 provides two RS-232 Ports, located on the front and rear of the chassis. The RS-232 Port located on the front of the chassis has priority. The front of the RS-232 port is configured as a DCE Interface. The rear RS-232 port is configured as a DTE Interface.

Solid-State I/O

OPTICALLY ISOLATED INPUTS

Quantity: Four per module

Required Operation Range:

24 Volt Units: 14.6 to 60 Vdc, Nominal Input

Current 8.8 mA

48 Volt Units: 31 to 60 Vdc, Nominal Input

Current 5.8 mA


Current 4.6 mA


Current 5.25 mA

Input Current: 10 mA maximum

Minimum Acceptable Pulse Width: 100 micro-seconds

DATA RATES

300 bps, 1200 bps, 2400 bps, 9600 bps or 19.2 Kbps. Selection is made using front panel switches.

Communication Parameters:

Number of Data Bits: Eight

Number of Stop Bits: One

Parity: None

Flow Control: XON/XOFF

SOLID-STATE OUTPUTS

Quantity: Four per solid-state I/O module

Output Current: Maximum 1 ampere continuous,

2 amperes for one minute, or 10 amperes for 100 msec

Open-Circuit Voltage: 280 Vdc maximum

S/S Pick-up Time: 0 msec

Ethernet Telnet Adapter

For applications where a telnet link is required, the RFL 9745 can be equiped with the optional Telnet Adapter module.

This adapter contains one Ethernet port and two RS232 serial ports. The basic function is to pass Ethernet mesages into a serial port, and to pass RS232 messages in an Ethernet port. The adpter allows the carrier set to be integrated into


July 2004

ALARM RELAYS

Quantity: Three per I/O module

Contact Configurations: SPDT (Form C)

Maximum Output Current: 1 ampere continuous

Maximum Breaking Current: 1 ampere (non-inductive) at 125 Vdc; derated to 0.25 amperes at 280 Vdc

Open Circuit Voltage: 280 Vdc Maximum


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PI9745

Relay/Solid-State I/O


Quantity: Four per module.



Current 8.8 mA


Current 5.8 mA


Current 4.6 mA


Current 5.25 mA

Input Current: 10 mA maximum



Current 4.6 mA


Input Current: 10mA maximum


RELAY OUTPUT


Contact Configuration:

SPST Form A or Form B -Jumper Selectable

Relay Pick-up Time: 5 msec

Output Current Rating: 5 amperes continuous

Surge: 30 amperes for 200 msec

SOLID-STATE OUTPUTS

Quantity: One per relay/solid-state I/O Module

Output Current: Maximum 1 ampere continuous, 2 amperes for one minute, or 10 amperes for 100 ms.

48 Volt Units: Open-Circuit Voltage: 150 Vdc maximum

250 Volt Units: Open-Circuit Voltage: 280 Vdc maximum

S/S Pick-up Time: 0 msec

ALARM RELAYS

Quantity: Three per I/O Module



Maximum Breaking Current: 1 ampere (non-inductive) at 125

Vdc; derated to 0.25 amperes at 280 Vdc

Open-Circuit Voltage: 280 Vdc maximum

RELAY OUTPUT

Quantity: Three per module

Contact Configuration:

SPST Form A or Form B -Jumper Selectable

Relay Pick-up Time: 7 msec

Output Current Rating: 5 amperes continuous

Surge: 30 amperes for 200 msec

ANNUNCIATOR CHASSIS

The RFL 9745 can be supplied with an optional one rack unit Annunciator Chassis. This additional chassis is mounted below the standard Three Rack Unit Chassis and provides six programmable solid-state outputs. Each output can be individually programmed to provide specific output annunciation, such as Trip Sent, Trip Received, RS-232 Port Active, etc.

ALARM RELAYS

Quantity: Three per I/O Module



Maximum Breaking Current: 1 ampere (non-inductive) at 125

Vdc; derated to 0.25 amperes at 280 Vdc Open-Circuit Voltage: 280 Vdc maximum.

OUTPUT RATINGS

Maximum Output Current: 1 A continuous

Breaking Current: 100 mA (non-inductive)

Auxiliary Trip Relays

HS Relay I/O





Current 8.8 mA


Current 5.8 mA

The RFL 9745 can be configured with up to two auxiliary high speed trip relays which are mounted in either the primary or redundant power supply I/O module. The relays are typically controlled by one of the solid-state function outputs and provide two normally open and one normally closed contact each.

Relay Ratings:

Pick-up Time: 4 msec

Contact Rating: 5 amperes continuous, 30 amperes for 200 msec


July 2004


7A

PI9745

General Specifications

DISPLAYED LEVEL ACCURACY

The levels displayed on the front panel and through remote access using PC APRIL will be within 1 dB of the actual values.

IEC 255-22-1 (SWC Class III)

IEC 255-22-2 (ESD Class III)

IEC 255-22-4 (Fast-Transient Class III)

IEC 834-1

OPERATE TIME

Audio-Tone Units (average trip times—Dual-Tone System):

± 30 Hz Shift: 26.47 ms

± 42.5 Hz Shift: 20.57 ms

± 60 Hz Shift: 14.78 ms

± 75 Hz Shift: 12.65 ms

± 120 Hz Shift: 11.05 ms

± 150 Hz Shift: 10.12 ms

± 240 Hz Shift: 9.22 ms

INPUT POWER REQUIREMENTS (PER IEC 834-1)

cal)

24 Vdc Supply:

48/125 Vdc Supply:

250 Vdc Supply:

19 to 29 Vdc (1500 mA Typical)

38 to 150 Vdc (750/325 mA Typi-

170 to 300 Vdc (150 mA Typical)

Digital and Fiber systems: 3 ms maximum in the most secure mode. “Operate Time” is defined as the time from the receipt of a command input to the response of a solid-state output, less any channel propagation time.

POWER SUPPLY

A single or redundant power supply can be provided depending on the reliability of the application. For example a

DTT application for a higher voltage level line may demand the dependability of a redundant power supply.

PRE-TRIP TIMER

Adjustable in 0.5 ms steps

TEMPERATURE

Operating: -30° C to +65° C (-22° F to +149° F)

Storage: -40° C to +75° C (-40° F to +165° F)

TRIP HOLD TIMER


RELATIVE HUMIDITY

Up to 95 percent at +40° C (+104° F), non-condensing

COMMAND EXTEND TIMER


NON-VOLATILE STORAGE

All parameters relating to system operation are stored in electric erasable non-volatile RAM. All parameters related to event logging are stored in battery-backed RAM.

RFI SUSCEPTIBILITY

ANSI PC37.90.2 (35 Volts/Meter)

IEC 255-22-3 (RFI Class III)

CHASSIS DIMENSION

The RFL 9745 chassis mounts in a standard 19-inch rack or cabinet and is three rack-units high (5.25 inches or 13.3

cm). Front and rear views, cut-out dimensions, and terminal block locations are illustrated in fold Figures 6 and 7. A system block diagram for the RFL 9745, including available options, is shown in fold-out Figure 8. The RFL 9745 can be supplied with plug-in connectors for the Solid-State I/O,

Relay/Solid-State I/O and the HS Relay I/O Module. These connectors can accept #14 AWG wire and proved a convenient method to add or replace I/O modules in the field.

INTERFACE DIELECTRIC STRENGTH

All contact inputs, solid-state outputs, power supply inputs and relay outputs meet the following specifications:

ANSI C37.90-1989 (Dielectric)

ANSI C37.90.1-1989 (SWC and Fast Transient)

IEC 255-5 (1500 Vrms Breakdown Voltage and Impulse

Withstand)

WARRANTY STATEMENT

RFL’s standard warranty for the RFL 9745 is thirty-six months from date of delivery for replacement or repair of any part which fails during normal operation or service.

ORDERING INFORMATION

RFL 9745 ordering information can be found on page eleven.


July 2004


7B

PI9745

11

PI9745

RFL Electronics Inc.

3 5 3 P o w e r v i l l e R o a d

Boonton Twp., NJ 07005-9151

T e l : 9 7 3 . 3 3 4 . 3 1 0 0

F a x : 9 7 3 . 3 3 4 . 3 8 6 3 w w w . r f l e l e c t . c o m e m a i l : s a l e s @ r f l e l e c t . c o m

RFL 9745 Teleprotection Channel Key Features and Benefits

Teleprotection Channel

Key Features and Benefits

Applications

Diagnostics and Testing

Programmability

Programming

System Specifications

Audio Communications

Digital Communications

Fiber Optic Communications

Real Time Clock

I/O Options

Solid-State I/O

Ethernet Telnet Adapter

Relay/Solid-State I/O

Auxiliary Trip Relays

HS Relay I/O

General Specifications

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