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User's Guide
SLVU260 – December 2008
TPS61175EVM-326
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This user's guide describes the characteristics, operation, and use of the TPS61175EVM-326 evaluation module (EVM). This EVM contains the Texas Instruments TPS61175 high-efficiency boost converter that is configured to provide a regulated 24-V output voltage from an input voltage ranging from 5.0 V to 12 V.
This user's guide includes a schematic diagram, board layout, bill of materials and test data.
Contents
Bill of Materials and Schematic
...........................................................................................
List of Figures
TPS61175EVM-326 Efficiency
Start-Up With V
IN
= 5V and I
OUT
.............................................................................................
= 100 mA
...............................................................................
Start-Up With V
IN
= 12V and I
OUT
PWM Operation at 1.2 A With V
IN
PWM Operation at 450 mA With V
IN
= 5V
= 12V
.............................................................................
...............................................................................
................................................................................
Load Transient Response From 45 mA to 400 mA With V
IN
= 5V
...................................................
Load Transient Response From 45 mA to 400 mA With V
IN
Loop Gain and Phase
= 12V
................................................
Top Layer Routing
Bottom-Side Layer
TPS61175EVM-326 Schematic
..........................................................................................
List of Tables
Performance Specification Summary for V
IN
...................................................................
Performance Specification Summary for V
IN
= 12.0V
...................................................................
...................................................................................................
1 Introduction
This section contains background information for the TPS61175EVM-326 evaluation module.
1.1
Background
This TPS61175EVM-326 is designed to boost 5.0 V to 12.0 V input voltages to a 24-V output. The goal of the EVM is to facilitate evaluation of the TPS61175 power supply solution. The EVM uses the TPS61175 adjustable output boost converter, external schottky diode, input and output capacitors, inductor, and the appropriate feedback and compensation components to provide a regulated 24V.
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Introduction
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1.2
Performance Specification Summary
provides a summary of the TPS61175EVM-326 performance specifications. All specifications are given for an ambient temperature of 25
°
C.
Table 1. Performance Specification Summary for V
IN
= 5.0 V
PARAMETER
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
V
IN
Input voltage
I
IN(AVG) f
SW
Average input current
Switching frequency
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
V
O
Output voltage
Line regulation
Load regulation
ΔV
O(PP)
I
O
Output voltage ripple
Output current
TRANSIENT RESPONSE
Load step ΔI
O
ΔI
O
/ ΔT
ΔV
O t
S
Load slew rate
V
O undershoot
Settling time
I
O
= 450 mA
CONDITIONS
4.5 V < V
IN
< 5.5 V at I
O
= 400 mA
V
IN
= 5 V, 1 mA < I
O
< 450 mA
I
O
= 450 mA
MIN NOM
23
(1)
1
5
750
24
0.35
9
1.1
280
MAX
2.6
UNIT
V
A kHz
25
(1)
V
1% ΔV
O
/ ΔV
IN
1% ΔV
O
/ ΔI
O
75
450 mV
PP mA
A
A/
µ s
V
µ s
(1)
Minimum and maximum values include 1% resistor tolerance as well as IC feedback reference voltage tolerance.
Table 2. Performance Specification Summary for V
IN
= 12.0V
CONDITIONS MIN NOM MAX PARAMETER
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
V
IN
I
IN(AVG)
Input Voltage
Average Input Current f
SW
Switching Frequency
OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
V
O
Output Voltage
Line Regulation
Load Regulation
ΔV
O(PP)
I
O
Output Voltage Ripple
Output Current
TRANSIENT RESPONSE
ΔI
TRAN
Δ
IO
/ ΔT
ΔV
TRAN t
S
Load Step
Load slew rate
V
O undershoot
Settling time
11 V < V
IN
< 13 V at I
O
= 1.1 A
V
IN
= 12 V, 1 mA < Io < 1.2 A
I
O
= 1.2 A
23
(1)
1
12
750
24
0.35
9
480
300
2.6
UNIT
V
A kHz
25
(1)
V
1% ΔV
O
/ ΔV
IN
1% ΔV
O
/ ΔI
O
250
1.2
mV
A
PP
A
A/
µ s mV
µ s
(1)
Minimum and maximum values include 1% resistor tolerance as well as IC feedback reference voltage tolerance.
1.3
Design Example
The following example illustrates the design process and component selection for a 12-V to 24-V non-synchronous boost regulator using the TPS61175 converter.
1. Determining the duty cycle.
V
OUT
+ V
D
-
V
IN(MIN)
D
(MIN)
=
V
O UT
+ V
D
=
24 V + 0.5V
-
12 V
24 V + 0.5 V
= 51%
(1)
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Introduction
2. Computing the maximum output current.
Assuming
η est
= 90% at V
IN
= 12 V and RPL% =20%, datasheet equation 6 gives
I
OUT(max)
=
V
IN
´
I
LIM
´
(1
-
R PL%/2)
´
η est
V
OUT
=
12 V
´
3A
´
(1
-
20%/2)
´
90%
24
= 1.2 A
3. Selecting the inductor.
The designer chose RPL% = 20% and f
SW equation 5.
´
L
³
η est
V
IN
ê
ë
é
ƒ
SW
´
æ
ç
è
V
OUT
1
+ V
D
-
V
IN
+
1
V
IN
= 750kHz and assumed
η est
ö
÷
ø
ù
ú
´
RPL% x P
OUT
= 90% for use in datasheet
(2)
=
750 kHz
´
90%
´
12 V
æ
è
1
-
+
1
24 V + 0.5 V 12 V 12 V
ö
ø
´
20%
´
1.2 A
´
24 V
= 15.3 H 22 H
(3)
4. Setting the output voltage.
Selecting R2 = 16.2 k
Ω gives
R1 = R2
´
æ
ç
è
V
OUT
1.229 V
-
1
ö
÷
ø
= 16.2 k Ω
´
æ
è
24
1.229 V
-
ö
1 = 300 k
W ®
301k
W
(4)
5. Setting the switching frequency
Using datasheet Table 1 and Figure 13 as well as some bench testing results, the designer selected a
143k
Ω resistor to set the 750kHz switching frequency.
6. Selecting the soft start capacitor
The designer selected the datasheet recommended value of 0.047
µ
F.
7. Selecting the Schottky diode
The designer selected a 40-V rated diode to accommodate user modifications of higher output voltages to the power supply. With 1.2A
×
0.45V = 540mW potential power dissipation and T
Amax
= 25
°
C , the designer choose the SMA package diode, which will experience a rise in junction temperature to T
25
°
C + 81
°
C/W
×
540mW = 69
°
C. In a real application, a larger packaged diode is recommended.
J
=
8. Selecting the output capacitance:
The output capacitance needs to be the larger of
C
OUT
=
(V
OUT
V
OUT
-
V )
´ ¦
SW
´
I
´ D
OUT
V
RIP
(24 V 12 V) ´ 1.2 A
=
24 V
´
750 kHz
´
300 mV
(5) to meet the ripple specification or
C
OUT
=
2
´ p ´
ΔI
TRAN
ƒ
LOOP-BW
=
2
´ p ´
350 mA
10 kHz
´
500 mW
= 11 μF to meet the transient specification. The designer selected 3
×
4.7
µ
F, 50V capacitors to give close to
15
µ
F of output capacitance.
9. Compensating the control loop.
´ D
V
TRAN
Using MathCAD to plot data sheet equation 10 with
R
OUT
= 24V/1.2A = 20
Ω
, R
SENSE
= 40m
Ω
2 2
ƒ
P
=
2 p ´
R
O
´
=
C2 2 p ´
20
W ´
3
´ m
= 1.1 kHz
(6)
(7)
ƒ
RHPZ
=
R
O
2 p ´
L
Vin
è Vout
ö
2
= p
20
W m
×
æ
ç
12
24
ö
÷
2
= 36.2 kHz
(8) and neglecting the ESR zero produce by the ceramic output capacitors gives
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Introduction
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60
Phase
180
120 40
20
Gain
0
-20
60
0
-60
22
-40
120
-120
-60
1 10 100
1 10
3
1 10
4 f - Frequency - Hz
1 10
5
-180
1 10
6
The designer chose f
G
EAmax
C
= 10kHz which means K
COMP
(f
C
) = -22dB. With R1 = 16.2k and R2=301k
= 440
µ mho, solving the equation on datasheet page 17 for R3 gives
K
COMP
(
¦
C
) -22dB
10
20dB
10
20dB
R3 @ = = 4.57 k W ® 4.53 k W
R2 16.2 k W
G
EA
´ ´
R2+R1 301 k W + 16.2 k W
Solving datasheet equation 20 for C4 and setting f
Z
≅ f
C
/10 = 1kHz gives
(9)
C4
1
=
1
@
2 p ´ ´ ¦
Z
4.57 k Ω ´ 1 kH z
= 35 nF
®
33 nF
R3 2 p ´
The designer used bench measurements to set R3 = 3.09k
Ω in order to get closer to the desired 60 degrees phase margin. Using MathCAD to plot T(s) = G
PW
(s)
×
H
EA
(s) from the datasheet gives
(10)
180
90
60
30
Phase
135
90
45
Gain
0
-30
0
-45
-60
-90
-120
1 10 100
1 10
3
1 10
4 f - Frequency - Hz
1 10
5
-90
-135
-180
1 10
6
1.4
Modifications
Because the primary goal of the EVM is to demonstrate the flexibility of the TPS61175 power supply solution, the selected capacitors and inductors are not optimized for either a 5-V or a 12-V to 24-V conversion.
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Setup and Test Results
The TPS61175 integrated circuit (IC) has a maximum input voltage of 18 V and can boost its input voltage up to 38 V. Changes to this EVM's recommended input and output voltage likely requires changing one or more of the following components: schottky diode, input or output capacitors, inductor, feedback resistors, or error amplifier compensation components. Consult the data sheet (link to datasheet TBD) and/or design tools for assistance in selecting these components for your application. Changing components could improve or degrade EVM performance.
2 Setup and Test Results
This section describes how to properly connect, set up, and use the TPS61175EVM-326.
2.1
Input/Output Connections
The connection points are described in the following paragraphs.
2.1.1
J1 - V
IN
This header is the positive connection to the input power supply used for lower (< 1A) input currents. Twist the leads to the input supply, and keep them as short as possible.
2.1.2
J2 - V
OUT
This header is the positive output for the device used for lower (< 1A) output currents. Connect the positive lead of the load and/or output multimeter to this point.
2.1.3
J3 - GND
This header is the return connection for the input power supply used for lower (< 1A) input currents.
2.1.4
J4 - GND
This header is the return connection for the load and/or output multimeter used for lower (< 1A) output currents.
2.1.5
J5 pin 1 - SYNC
This pin is available for the application of an external clock synchronization signal. Make sure that the frequency of the clock signal is within the range in
Table 1 . This pin cannot be left floating so use a
shorting jumper to short the SYNC pin to GND if not used.
2.1.6
J5 pin 2 - GND
This pin is the return connection for the external synchronization signal.
2.1.7
J6 pin 1 - V
IN
This is the positive connection for the input power supply used for higher (> 1A) input currents.
2.1.8
J6 pin 2 - GND
This is the return connection to the input power supply used for higher (> 1A) input currents. Twist the leads to the input supply, and keep them as short as possible.
2.1.9
J7 pin 1 - GND
This is the return connection for the load used for higher (> 1A) output currents.
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Setup and Test Results
2.1.10
J7 pin 2 - V
OUT
This is the positive connection for the load used for higher (> 1A) output currents.
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2.1.11
JP1 - ENABLE
Installing this jumper ties the enable pin to either the input voltage (on) or ground (off). If left unconnected, the enable pin's internal pull down resistor disables the IC.
2.1.12
TP1 - SW Node
Test point for the switch node of the boost converter.
2.1.13
TP2 - Loop Response
Test point for control loop response measurements.
2.1.14
TP3 - Comp Pin
Test point for the compensation network.
2.1.15
TP4 & TP5 - Output Ripple
Test points for measuring the output ripple voltage.
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2.2
Test Results
The following section shows the test results of the TPS61175EVM-326.
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
0 200 400 600
I
O
- Output Current - mA
800
Figure 1. TPS61175EVM-326 Efficiency
EN
1000
Setup and Test Results
Vout
IL
Figure 2. Start-Up With V
IN
= 5V and I
OUT
= 100 mA
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Setup and Test Results
EN
Vout
IL
Figure 3. Start-Up With V
IN
= 12V and I
OUT
= 100 mA
IL
SW
Vout-ac www.ti.com
Figure 4. PWM Operation at 450 mA With V
IN
= 5V
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Setup and Test Results
IL
SW
Vout-ac
Figure 5. PWM Operation at 1.2 A With V
IN
= 12V
Vout-ac
Iout
Figure 6. Load Transient Response From 45 mA to 400 mA With V
IN
= 5V
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Setup and Test Results
Vout-ac
Iout
60
50 dB
40 dB
30 dB
20 dB
10 dB
0 dB
-10 dB
-20 dB
-30 dB
-40 dB
Figure 7. Load Transient Response From 45 mA to 400 mA With V
IN
= 12V
Phase - 12V
IN
Gain - 12V
IN
Phase - 5V
IN
Gain - 5V
IN
Red/Royal Blue - Vin = 5 V, Iout = 450 mA
Pink/Black - Vin = 12 V, Iout = 1.2 A
150 deg
180
120 deg
90 deg
60 deg
30 deg
0 deg
-30 deg
-60 deg
-90 deg
-120 deg
-60
100
-180
100 k f - Frequency - Hz
Figure 8. Loop Gain and Phase
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3 Board Layout
This section provides the TPS61175EVM-326 board layout and illustrations.
Board Layout
3.1
Layout
Board layout is critical for all switch-mode power supplies.
through
show the board layout for the HPA326 printed-circuit board. The switching nodes with high-frequency noise are isolated from the noise-sensitive feedback circuitry. Careful attention has been given to the routing of high-frequency current loops. See the data sheet (SLVS892) for further layout recommendations.
Figure 9. Top Assembly Layer
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Board Layout
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Figure 10. Top Layer Routing
12
TPS61175EVM-326
Figure 11. Internal Layer 1
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Board Layout
Figure 12. Internal Layer 2
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Figure 13. Bottom-Side Layer
TPS61175EVM-326
13
Bill of Materials and Schematic
4 Bill of Materials and Schematic
This section provides the TPS61175EVM-326 bill of materials and schematic.
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4.1
Bill of Materials
Table 3. HPA326 Bill of Materials
L1
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
TP1–TP4
TP5
U1
—
RefDes
C1
C10
C2
C3
Value
10
µ
F
Open
Open
0.047
µ
F
33 nF C4
C5 Open
C7 0.1
µ
F
C8, C9, C11 4.7
µ
F
D1 MBRA340
J1– J5
J6, J7
JP1
PTC36SAAN
Description
Capacitor, Ceramic, 25V, X5R, 20%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 50V, X7R, 10%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 25V, X5R, 20%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 10V, X5R, 10%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 10V, X5R, 10%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 10V, X5R, 10%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 25V, X5R, 20%
Capacitor, Ceramic, 50V, X7R, 10%
Diode, Schottky, 3A, 40V
Header, Male 2-pin, 100mil spacing, (36-pin strip)
Terminal Block, 2-pin, 6-A, 3.5mm
ED555/2DS
PTC36SAAN
22
µ
H
301k
16.2k
3.09k
143k
50
Header, Male 3-pin, 100mil spacing, (36-pin strip)
Inductor, SMT, 2.9A, 47milliohm
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
0
5000
5001
Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1%
Test Point, Red, Thru Hole Color Keyed
Test Point, Black, Thru Hole Color Keyed
TPS61175PWP IC, High Voltage/Current Boost Converter
Shunt, 100-mil, Black
PCB, 1.5"
×
2.6"
×
0.062"
Size
1206
1210
1206
0603
0603
0603
0603
1210
SMA
0.100 inch
×
2
0.27
×
0.25 inch
0.100 inch
×
3
Part Number
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
MBRA340
PTC36SAAN
ED555/2DS
PTC36SAAN
OST
Sullins
0.402 sq inch
0603
0603
0603
CDRH105RNP-220N Sumida
Std Std
Std
Std
Std
Std
0603
0603
Std
Std
0603 Std
0.100
×
0.100 inch 5000
0.100
×
0.100 inch 5001
HTSSOP-14 TPS61175PWP
0.100
929950-00
HPA326
Std
Std
Std
Keystone
Keystone
TI
3M
Any
MFR
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
STD
On Semi
Sullins
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4.2
Schematic
Bill of Materials and Schematic
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Figure 14. TPS61175EVM-326 Schematic
TPS61175EVM-326
15
EVALUATION BOARD/KIT IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:
This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION PURPOSES
ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. Persons handling the product(s) must have electronics training and observe good engineering practice standards. As such, the goods being provided are not intended to be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including product safety and environmental measures typically found in end products that incorporate such semiconductor components or circuit boards. This evaluation board/kit does not fall within the scope of the European Union directives regarding electromagnetic compatibility, restricted substances (RoHS), recycling
(WEEE), FCC, CE or UL, and therefore may not meet the technical requirements of these directives or other related directives.
Should this evaluation board/kit not meet the specifications indicated in the User’s Guide, the board/kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO BUYER
AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user indemnifies TI from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Due to the open construction of the product, it is the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge.
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INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
TI currently deals with a variety of customers for products, and therefore our arrangement with the user is not exclusive.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or
services described herein.
Please read the User’s Guide and, specifically, the Warnings and Restrictions notice in the User’s Guide prior to handling the product. This notice contains important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For additional information on TI’s environmental and/or safety programs, please contact the TI application engineer or visit www.ti.com/esh .
No license is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any machine, process, or combination in which such TI products or services might be or are used.
FCC Warning
This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION PURPOSES
ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. It generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and has not been tested for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against radio frequency interference. Operation of this equipment in other environments may cause interference with radio communications, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct this interference.
EVM WARNINGS AND RESTRICTIONS
It is important to operate this EVM within the input voltage range of 3 V to 18 V and the output voltage range of 38V.
Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI field representative prior to connecting the input power.
Applying loads outside of the specified output range may result in unintended operation and/or possible permanent damage to the EVM.
Please consult the EVM User's Guide prior to connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification, please contact a TI field representative.
During normal operation, some circuit components may have case temperatures greater than 125
°
C. The EVM is designed to operate properly with certain components above 85
°
C as long as the input and output ranges are maintained. These components include but are not limited to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors. These types of devices can be identified using the EVM schematic located in the EVM User's Guide. When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware that these devices may be very warm to the touch.
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Copyright © 2007-2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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TI products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications (such as life support) where a failure of the TI product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death, unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement specifically governing such use. Buyers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their applications, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of TI products in such safety-critical applications, notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI. Further, Buyers must fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of TI products in such safety-critical applications.
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Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions:
Products
Amplifiers
Data Converters
DSP
Clocks and Timers
Interface
Logic
Power Mgmt
Microcontrollers amplifier.ti.com
dataconverter.ti.com
dsp.ti.com
www.ti.com/clocks interface.ti.com
logic.ti.com
power.ti.com
microcontroller.ti.com
RFID www.ti-rfid.com
RF/IF and ZigBee® Solutions www.ti.com/lprf
Applications
Audio
Automotive
Broadband
Digital Control
Medical
Military
Optical Networking
Security
Telephony
Video & Imaging
Wireless www.ti.com/audio www.ti.com/automotive www.ti.com/broadband www.ti.com/digitalcontrol www.ti.com/medical www.ti.com/military www.ti.com/opticalnetwork www.ti.com/security www.ti.com/telephony www.ti.com/video www.ti.com/wireless
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