Nortel 5000 Series 5510-24T, 5510-48T, 5520-24T-PWR, 5520-48T-PWR, 5530-24TFD, 5698-TFD PWR, 5650-TD PWR, 5632-FD Ethernet Routing Switch User manual
Below you will find brief information for Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series 5510-24T, Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series 5510-48T, Ethernet Routing Switch 5698-TFD. This document provides configuration and administration details for the series. It covers topics such as setting up a stack, configuring a default TFTP server, updating switch software, configuring LLDP, IPv6, and more. It also includes sections on using NNCLI, Device Manager, and web-based management. You can use the information in this manual to set up and configure the switches to meet your network needs.
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
Release: 6.1
Document Revision: 05.02
www.nortel.com
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NN47200-500
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Release: 6.1
Publication: NN47200-500
Document release date: 19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
While the information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable, except as otherwise expressly agreed to in writing NORTEL PROVIDES THIS DOCUMENT "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF
ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. The information and/or products described in this document are subject to change without notice.
Nortel, Nortel Networks, the Nortel logo, and the Globemark are trademarks of Nortel Networks.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
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Features 7
Stack forced mode 7
Quick install 7
IP.CFG enhancement 8
NNCLI command modes 9
Feature licensing 13
Trial license 13
User access limitations 13
Customizing NNCLI banner 14
TFTP server 14
Configuration downloads to a switch 14
Updating switch software 14
LED activity during software download 15
Unit quick configuration feature 15
ASCII configuration file 16
Multiple switch configuration management 16
Stacking fundamentals 17
Stacking capabilities 17
Stack monitor 17
Auto Unit Replacement (AUR) 19
Agent Auto Unit Replacement (AAUR) 20
Stack Forced Mode 21
IP blocking 23
Boot agent image 23
Next Boot image and system Boot-up in Dual Agent 24
Combination image 26
Supported BootP modes 27
BootP mode 27
IPv6 management 28
The IPv6 header 29
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IPv6 addresses 29
Interface ID 30
Address formats 30
IPv6 extension headers 31
Comparison of IPv4 and IPv6 32
ICMPv6 33
Neighbor discovery 33
ND messages 34
Neighbor discovery cache 35
Router discovery 37
Path MTU discovery 37
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 37
Simple Network Time Protocol 38
Ping enhancement 39
Initial configuration using the Web quick start window 39
Auto-MDI X 40
Auto-polarity 40
Autosensing and autonegotiation 40
Custom Autonegotiation Advertisements 41
Quick install 45
Set IP parameters using IP.CFG file on a USB memory device 45
PoE overview 50
Power source 51
Stacking 52
Power pairs 52
Diagnosing and correcting PoE problems 52
Messages 52
Connecting the PSU 53
Power management 54
Link Layer Discover Protocol (IEEE 802.1ab) Overview 57
LLDP operational modes 58
Connectivity and management information 58
Nortel Automatic QoS enhancement for LLDP-MED 62
System configuration with NNCLI 63
General switch administration with NNCLI 63
Changing switch software in NNCLI 99
Configuration files in NNCLI 101
Automatically downloading a configuration file with NNCLI 104
Terminal setup 105
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Setting the default management interface 106
Setting Telnet access 106
Setting boot parameters 109
Defaulting to BootP-when-needed 110 shutdown command 112 reload command 112
NNCLI Help 113
Clearing the default TFTP server with NNCLI 113
Configuring a default TFTP server with NNCLI 113
Configuring daylight savings time with NNCLI 114
Configuring default clock source with NNCLI 115
Configuring Dual Agent with NNCLI 115
Configuring IPv6 with NNCLI 118
Configuring LLDP with NNCLI 132
Configuring local time zone with NNCLI 151
Configuring PoE detection method with NNCLI 152
Customizing NNCLI banner with NNCLI 156
Displaying the default TFTP server with NNCLI 157
Displaying complete GBIC information 157
Displaying hardware information 157
Configuring AUR with NNCLI 158
Agent Auto Unit Replacement (AAUR) 160
Enabling Autosave 162
Disabling Autosave 162
Setting Stack Forced Mode 162
Enabling feature license files 163
Setting the server for Web-based management with NNCLI 165
Setting user access limitations 165
Configuring serial console port and USB host port 169
Restoring factory default 173
System configuration with Device Manager 173
Changing switch software in Device Manager 173
Configuration files in Device Manager 176
Viewing the Temperature 180
Automatically downloading a configuration file with Device Manager 181
General Switch Administration with Device Manager 181
Configuring LLDP with Device Manager 208
Configuring Auto Unit Replacement 261
Configuring local time zone 262
Configuring daylight savings time 262
Viewing topology information with Device Manager 263
Configuring port mirroring with Device Manager 265
Configuring IPv6 with Device Manager 266
Configuring PoE with Device Manager 280
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Copying the license file 283
Customizing NNCLI banner 284
Viewing PoE ports with Device Manager 285
System configuration with Web-based management 286
Configuration files in Web-based management 286
General Switch Administration with Web-based management 290
Changing switch software in Web-based management 307
Configuring PoE with Web-based management 309
Configuring IPv6 with Web-based management 313
Managing remote access by IP address with Web-based management 314
Modifying system settings with Web-based management 314
Setting user access limitations with Web-based management 314
Factory default configuration 319
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
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The following sections detail what’s new in Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch
5000 Series software release 6.1.
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“Features” (page 7)
See the following sections for feature changes:
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“Stack forced mode” (page 7)
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“Quick install” (page 7)
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“IP.CFG enhancement” (page 8)
When you enable this feature in a stack of two switches, on the failure of a unit, the remaining switch retains the stack IP address ensuring continued management access to the remaining unit. When Stack Forced Mode is enabled if the base unit remains, then AUR, AAUR and DAUR ensures that when a replacement unit is added to the base unit it is correctly provisioned.
For more information, see:
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“Stack Forced Mode” (page 21)
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“Setting Stack Forced Mode” (page 162)
This feature allows users to take first configuration from a file found on a
USB device or from a minimal configuration menu.
For more information, see:
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“Quick install” (page 45)
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“Configuring quick install” (page 306)
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New in this release
This enhancement allows users to set IP parameters using the IP.CFG
file on a USB device.
For more information see “Set IP parameters using IP.CFG file on a USB memory device” (page 45) .
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
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This document provides the information and procedures required to configure the software for the Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series.
Unless otherwise indicated, this information applies to:
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5510-24T
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5510-48T
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520-24T-PWR
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520-48T-PWR
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5530-24TFD
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5698-TFD
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5698-TFD-PWR
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5650-TD
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5650-TD-PWR
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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5632-FD
The term "Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series" is used in this document to describe the features common to the switches mentioned above.
A switch is referred to by its specific name while describing a feature exclusive to the switch.
The Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series switches operate in the
Stand-alone Mode and Stacking Mode in this product release. A switch can be in Stand-alone Mode or in Stacking Mode, not both.
NNCLI provides the following command modes:
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User EXEC
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Privileged EXEC
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Introduction
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Global Configuration
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Interface Configuration
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Router Configuration
Mode access is determined by access permission levels and password protection.
If no password is set, you can enter NNCLI in User EXEC mode and use the command to move to the next level (Privileged EXEC mode).
However, if you have read-only access, you cannot progress beyond User
EXEC mode, the default mode. If you have read-write access you can progress from the default mode through all of the available modes.
With sufficient permission, you can use the rules in the following table to move between the command modes.
User EXEC
Privileged EXEC
Global Configuration
No entrance command, default mode or or mode, enter: or
To exit NNCLI completely, enter:
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Navigation
Interface Configuration interface vlan
Router Configuration
From Global Configuration mode:
To configure a port, enter:
To return to Global
Configuration mode, enter:
To configure a VLAN, enter:
To return to Privileged EXEC mode, enter:
To exit NNCLI completely, enter:
To return to Global
Configuration mode, enter:
From Global Configuration mode:
To configure OSPF, enter:
To configure RIP, enter: To return to Privileged EXEC mode, enter:
To configure VRRP, enter:
To exit NNCLI completely, enter:
See
(NN47200-104) for more information about NNCLI command modes.
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“System configuration fundamentals” (page 13)
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“Power over Ethernet fundamentals” (page 49)
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“LLDP fundamentals” (page 57)
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“Procedures for system configuration” (page 63)
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“Configuration reference” (page 319)
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
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Introduction
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The following sections contain system configuration fundamentals for the
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series.
An Advanced License or a Trial license is required to enable certain features. These software licenses support the following five features:
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Split Multi-Link Trunking (SMLT)
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Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
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Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
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Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP)
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PIM-SM
For more information about licenses, see
()(NN47200-104).
Release 6.0 offers a Trial License which enables OSPF, ECMP, VRRP, and SMLT, or any combination thereof for a period of 30 days. At the end of the 30 day trial period, the features will be disabled, with the exception of SMLT.
For more information about licenses, see
()(NN47200-104).
NNCLI enables the administrator to limit user access through the creation and maintenance of passwords for Web, Telnet and Console access. This is a two-step process that requires first creating the password and then enabling it.
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System configuration fundamentals
Ensure that begin these tasks.
mode is entered in NNCLI before you
When a username and password is set to default, the change is only applied to the unit on which the command was run.
The banner presented when a user logs in to the switch through NNCLI can be configured to a user-defined value. The banner cannot exceed
1539 bytes, or 19 rows by 80 columns plus line termination characters.
The banner control setting is saved to NVRAM, and both the banner file and control setting are distributed to all units within a stack.
To customize NNCLI banner with NNCLI, refer to the following procedures:
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“show banner command” (page 156)
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“banner command” (page 156)
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“no banner command” (page 157)
To customize NNCLI banner with Device Manager, refer to the following procedures:
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“Banner tab” (page 284)
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“Custom Banner tab” (page 285)
Many of the processes in the switch can make use of a Trivial File
Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server. The following sections detail how to set a default TFTP server for the switch and to clear these defaults through the command line interface:
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“Configuring a default TFTP server with NNCLI” (page 113)
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“Displaying the default TFTP server with NNCLI” (page 157)
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“Clearing the default TFTP server with NNCLI” (page 113)
The following sections provide information about configuration downloads.
Updating switch software is a necessary part of switch configuration and maintenance. Updating the version of software running on the switch can be accomplished through either Web-based management or NNCLI.
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Configuration downloads to a switch
Before attempting to change the switch software, ensure that the following prerequisites are in place:
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The switch has been given a valid IP address.
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A Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server is present on the network that is accessible by the switch and that has the desired software version loaded.
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If you change the switch software on a Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch
5530-24TFD or 5600 series with software stored on a USB Mass
Storage Device, ensure that the Mass Storage Device has the desired software version loaded on it and is inserted into the front panel USB port.
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If you use the NNCLI, ensure that NNCLI is in mode.
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If you use Web-based management, ensure that you have access.
For details on updating switch software, refer to the following sections
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“Changing switch software in NNCLI” (page 99)
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“Changing switch software in Device Manager” (page 173)
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“Changing switch software in Web-based management” (page 307)
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“LED activity during software download” (page 15)
During the software download process, the port LEDs light one after another in a chasing pattern except for ports 11, 12, 23, and 24 on a Nortel
Ethernet Routing Switch 5510-24T and ports 35, 36, 47, and 48 on a
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5510-48T.
This chasing pattern is initially fast as the software image is downloaded but gradually slows as the switch erases the flash memory. This pattern speeds up again as the switch programs the new image into the flash memory.
When the process is complete, the port LEDs are no longer lit and the switch resets.
You can use the quick configuration commands to automatically integrate a new unit into a stack. See “New Unit Quick Configuration” (page 67) for more information and the commands.
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System configuration fundamentals
With the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series you can download a user-editable ASCII configuration file from a TFTP server.
After you download the file, the configuration file automatically configures the switch or stack according to NNCLI commands in the file.
With this feature, you can generate command configuration files that can be used by several switches or stacks with minor modifications.
The maximum size for an ASCII configuration file is 500 KB; split large configuration files into multiple files.
Use a text editor to edit the ASCII configuration. The command format is the same as that of NNCLI.
Download the ASCII configuration file to the base unit by using NNCLI commands. The ASCII configuration script completes the process.
See “Retrieving an ASCII configuration file” (page 177) for more information and the NNCLI commands.
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series supports the storage of two switch configurations in flash memory. The switch can use either configuration and must be reset in order for the configuration change to take effect.
A regular reset of the switch synchronizes any configuration changes to the active configuration whereas a reset to defaults causes the active configuration to be set to factory defaults. The inactive block is not affected.
In stack configurations, all units in the stack must use the same active configuration. If a unit joins a stack, a check is performed between the unit’s active configuration and the stack’s active configuration. If the two are not the same, the new stack unit resets and loads the stack’s active configuration.
•
“
•
“
•
“
” (page 66)
” (page 66)
” (page 66)
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Stacking fundamentals
You can use the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series switches in either of the following configurations:
• stand-alone
• stack
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series switches have a built-in cascade port to stack up to eight units.
A stack can consist of any combination of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch
5000 Series switches.
All units in the stack must use the same software version.
To set up a stack, perform the following procedure.
Power down all switches.
Set the Unit Select switch in the back of the non base units to the off position.
Set the Unit Select switch in the back of the base unit to base position.
Ensure all the cascade cables are properly connected and screwed into the unit.
Power up the stack.
In a hybrid stack of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series, you must set an Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switch type as the base unit.
Release 6.0 provides two modes of operation for Nortel Ethernet Routing
Switch 5000 Series stacks.
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Pure
•
Hybrid
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System configuration fundamentals
You can create a pure stack with up to eight Ethernet Routing Switch
5500 Series switches or eight Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switches.
You can create a hybrid or mixed stack of up to eight switches that is a combination of Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switches and
Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switches.
In a hybrid stack of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series, you must set an
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switch type as the base unit.
Stack manager is responsible for the following functions that form and maintain a stack.
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Base unit selection.
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Unit discovery.
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Unit number assignment.
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Database exchange.
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Join stack handling.
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Programming the hardware for the stack to function as a system.
Stack manager also handles link events from the Hello module when a unit is added or removed from the stack. Based on the event, the stack manager again runs through the state machine to discover the newly added unit or change the stack configuration. Stack manager supports following stack configurations:
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Ring topology: All the units are connected as a ring.
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Upstream: All the non-base units are upstream to the base unit.
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Downstream: All the non-base units are downstream to the base unit.
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Up Down: Non base units are both upstream and downstream of the base unit.
Stack manager supports a maximum of eight switches in a pure or hybrid stack. Although the design does not restrict the number of ports in a stack,
Nortel recommends that the number does not exceed 400 ports.
To create a hybrid stack, you must first set the mode parameter on the
Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switches to mixed mode. Ethernet
Routing Switch 5500 Series switches do not have a mode parameter.
See <insert link> for more information about the stack manager and the procedure and NNCLI commands to set the stack manager.
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Stacking fundamentals
You can use the Auto Unit Replacement (AUR) feature to replace a unit from a stack while retaining the configuration of the unit. This feature requires the stack power to be on during the unit replacement.
The main feature of the AUR is the ability to retain the configuration (CFG) image of a unit in a stack during a unit replacement. The retained CFG image from the old unit is restored to the new unit. Because retained CFG images are kept in the DRAM of the stack, the stack power must be on during the procedure.
For Auto Unit Replacement to function properly, the new unit and the existing units in the stack must all run the same version of software. AUR does not work on a stack of two units only. In this configuration, if a unit fails, the remaining unit becomes a stand-alone switch and AUR does not load the configuration of the failed unit if it is replaced.
You can disable AUR with NNCLI. The switch retains the AUR state after a reset. The default state is ENABLE.
You can manually restore an associated configuration (same unit number) to a non-base unit, regardless of MAC. Release 6.1 does not support manual configuration restoration for a base unit.
You can manually configure a non-base unit to the base unit regardless of the state of the AUR feature. Release 6.1 does not support manual saving of a configuration for a base unit.
If the base unit is reset before you restore the configuration, the base unit erases the saved configuration information for non-base units.
The following information also relates to this feature:
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The new unit must be the same hardware configuration as the old, including the same number of ports.
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If the administrator adds a new unit with a different hardware configuration, the configuration of this unit is used.
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If the administrator adds a new unit with the same hardware configuration, the previous configuration of the new unit is lost. The configuration is overwritten with the restored configuration from the stack.
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You can enable or disable this feature at any time using NNCLI. The default mode is ENABLE.
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Customer log messages are provided.
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System configuration fundamentals
After booting a stack, use NNCLI command from a unit console to find out if that unit is ready for replacement.
NNCLI command following information: provides the
.
Field
Auto Unit Replacement
Auto-Restore
Definition
: During a unit replacement, the configuration will be automatically restored to the new unit.
Auto Unit Replacement
Auto-Save
Last Configuration-Save
Time-Stamp
Ready for Replacement
: During a unit replacement, the configuration will not be restored automatically.
: The current configuration of a non base unit will be automatically saved to the base unit.
: The current configuration of a non base unit will not be automatically saved to the base unit.
The system-up time of the non base unit recorded when the non base unit sends configuration to the base unit.
: The current configuration of the non base unit has been saved to the base unit. This unit is currently ready for replacement.
: The current configuration of the non base unit is not saved to the base unit. The latest changes of the configuration of the non base unit will be lost if the unit is replaced with a new unit.
See “Configuring AUR with NNCLI” (page 158) to configure AUR with
NNCLI.
See “Configuring Auto Unit Replacement” (page 261) to configure AUR with
Device Manager.
Software Release 4.2 and later supports an enhancement to the Auto
Unit Replacement functionality known as Agent Auto Unit Replacement
(AAUR). AAUR ensures that all units in a stack have the same software
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Stacking fundamentals image by inspecting units joining a stack and downloading the stack software image to any unit that has a dissimilar image. AAUR is enabled by default.
Agent Auto Unit Replacement functions in the following manner:
When a stand-alone switch joins an AAUR-enabled stack, the switch software image is inspected.
If the switch software image is found to differ from the stack software image, the AAUR functionality downloads the stack software image to the joining unit.
The joining unit is then reset and becomes a member of the stack upon reboot.
NNCLI commands in the following sections are used to manage and configure AAUR. This functionality only can be managed currently through
NNCLI.
See “Agent Auto Unit Replacement (AAUR)” (page 160) for more information about AAUR and the NNCLI commands.
Stack Forced Mode allows one or both units to become stand-alone switches if a stack of two units breaks. The Stack Forced Mode allows you to manage one of the stand-alone devices from a broken stack of two with the previous stack IP address.
If you enable Stack Forced Mode on a stack, you enable Stack Forced
Mode on all units in the stack. Stack Forced Mode becomes active only if the stack fails.
See “Setting Stack Forced Mode” (page 162) to configure stack forced mode with NNCLI.
Stack Forced Mode applies to a stand-alone switch that is part of a stack of two units. When functioning in this mode, the stand-alone switch keeps the previous stack IP settings (IP address, netmask, gateway). That allows an administrator to reach the device through an IP connection by telnet,
Web-based Management Interface, or Device Manager.
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System configuration fundamentals
If one unit fails, the remaining unit ( base or non-base unit) keeps the previous stack IP settings. The remaining unit issues a gratuitous ARP packet when it enters Stack Forced Mode, in order for other devices on the network to update their ARP cache.
If the stack connection between the two units fails (a stack cable failure, for example), both stand-alone units retain the IP settings. To detect if the other stack partner is also using the previous stack IP settings, each device issues an ARP request on the IP address.
When a failure occurs in a stack of 2 units when forced stack mode is enabled, the previous non-base unit will send out a gratuitous ARP onto the management network. The purpose of sending out this gratuitous ARP is so that the non-base unit of a failed 2 unit stack can determine if the base unit is still operational and using the stack IP address. Such a failure situation in which both the base unit and non-base unit were operational, but not part of a stack could be possible if the 2 units in a stack were connected by a single stack cable and that stack cable were then removed or failed. If the previous non-base unit receives a reply from the previous base unit of the stack, then the previous non-base unit knows that the previous base unit is still operational and does not take over ownership of the stack IP address, but instead will use the local switch IP address if configured. If on the other hand the previous non-base unit does not receive a response from the previous base-unit; the previous non-base unit will now take over ownership of the stack IP address and issue a gratuitous ARP with it’s own MAC address to ensure that all devices on the management VLAN have their ARP caches appropriately updated.
Stack Forced Mode allows non-EAP clients connected to the device to still authenticate themselves and maintain connectivity to the network.
Non-EAP clients authenticate by the device with RADIUS, which is based on the stack IP address. In Stack Forced Mode, the device retains the IP settings of the stack of two.
The functional unit stays in Stack Forced Mode until either a reboot or it joins a stack.
A settlement timer prevents several stack failures that occur at an interval of a few seconds to lead to a device entering Stack Forced Mode after it was part of a stack larger than two units. A device enters Stack Forced
Mode if and only if it was part of a stack of two for 30 seconds or longer.
If the switch is in Stack Force mode and you want to set a switch IPv6 address, you must first delete the active IPv6 interface and then configure the switch IPv6 address. If you use Telnet, SSH, Web-based management or Device Manager to change the settings, the switch will lose IPv6
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Boot agent image connectivity to the switch. Nortel recommends that you change the settings with the Console Interface to switch or use an IPv4 address for management.
Along with IP Routing, you can use Blocking Mode in two modes: full and none. The following paragraphs show how blocking mode acts for a stack.
You have a stack with IP Routing enabled and some Layer 3 VLANs.
Assign VLANs ports from all the units. Set IP blocking-mode to Full on the base unit. Remove all the units from stack. All of the units will run in Layer
2 mode. No Layer 3 settings will be available on these units.
You have a stack with IP Routing enabled, and some Layer 3 VLANs.
Assign VLANs ports from all the units. Set the IP blocking-mode to
None on the base unit. Remove all of the units from stack. The Layer 3 settings made on the stack will be available on these units. By default IP blocking-mode is None.
The Dual Agent feature provides support for two agents for Ethernet
Routing Switch 5500 or 5600 series in stand-alone, pure stack or for a mixed (hybrid) stack configuration. Dual Agent functionality is not supported on Ethernet Routing Switch 5510.
The Dual Agent feature provides two agent images, the Agent Primary image and the Agent Secondary image. The Agent Primary image represents the agent image used for the next boot. User is able to select either image for the next boot.
An Ethernet Routing Switch 56xx unit has two combo images in the flash.
In another word, an Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 unit has two Ethernet
Routing Switch 56xx agent images and two Ethernet Routing Switch 55XX agent images in the flash. An Ethernet Routing Switch 55XX unit has two
Ethernet Routing Switch 55XX images in the flash.
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System configuration fundamentals
In a mixed stack with both Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 units and
Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 units, an Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 must be the base unit. For a mixed stack to use the Dual Agent feature, the following conditions must be met:
•
All Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 units must have the same agent software version.
•
All Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 units must have the same agent software version.
•
All unit agent software must have the same Interop Software Version
Number (ISVN).
Special Case: If an Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 is the base unit, Dual
Agent is disabled in the stack.
The Dual Agent Boot flag determines which agent image is the boot image. The diagnostics and agent software must use the same value for the Dual Agent Boot flag.
If the Dual Agent Boot flag is not set, the unit will boot from Agent 1
(default).
The Next Boot image in Dual Agent is an agent image that is stored in the flash memory to be used for the next boot. In Dual Agent, there are two agent images in the flash memory, but only one image is assigned as the
Next Boot image at a time.
When an agent image is downloaded to the switch, the unit resets and boots up with the newly downloaded image regardless of the value of the
Next Boot image indicator. If an agent image is downloaded to the switch without a reset of the unit, the newly downloaded image becomes the Next
Boot image.
You can change the Next Boot image at any time. The Next Boot image indicator (a value to indicate which agent image in the flash memory is used in the next boot) is stored in the NVRAM. This value, combined with other factors in the stack discovery process, determines which Dual Agent image the switch uses.
A stand-alone unit boots up with the Next Boot image from the NVRAM.
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Boot agent image
The following lists the boot-up sequence:
•
All the units in the stack start up with the Next Boot image.
•
The stack does the following operations in the stack discovery phase:
—
The Next Boot image in the BU is used as the reference image.
—
If the Next Boot image in the NBU matches with the BU Next Boot image, the NBU continue to boot with the current Next Boot image.
—
If both images in the NBU do not match with the BU Next Boot image, the unit continues to boot with the current Next Boot image.
—
If the Next Boot image in the NBU does not match with the BU
Next Boot image, but the other image in the NBU is matched, the matched image is selected as the Next Boot image then the unit is reset.
Dual Agent supports an Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 NBU with AAUR.
The following example shows how Dual Agent uses AAUR in a stack that contains Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 NBUs if you toggle the Next Boot image:
•
All units in the stack reset with the new Next Boot image except for the
Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 NBUs that will reset with only the agent image because they do not have the second image.
•
All the units join stack except for the Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 units that now become stand-alone units because the agent image is now different from the one from in the stack.
•
The Ethernet Routing Switch 5510 stand-alone units get the new image from the stack through AAUR and join the stack.
The following graphic shows what happens when you toggle the Next Boot image:
.
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System configuration fundamentals
After the restart, the device starts up with version 6.1.0.140. This becomes the active image
.
The Combination (Combo) Agent Image contains the header of the image and two agent images, a 56xx agent image and a 55XX agent image.
Any 55xx software release before release 6.0 does not support the Combo image.
A stand-alone unit or a stack that uses the Ethernet Routing Switch 5000
Series Software Release 6.1 can download a combo image. Release 6.1
is available in two different formats: a file in Combo format version 6.1 and a file in 55xx image format version 6.1.
The 55xx image format in this release is necessary because not all of the current 55xx releases support the Combo image.
The unit downloads the combo image through the TFTP or USB port then stores the image in a flash device.
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Supported BootP modes
The base unit receives the combo image through the TFTP or USB port then transfers the image to the non-base units. The Ethernet Routing
Switch 5600 unit non-base units receive the combo image and the
Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 non-base units receive the 5500 series image that is extracted from the combo image.
All of the units in the stack store the received image in flash devices.
The unit extracts the 5500 series image from the combo image through the
TFTP or USB port then stores the image in a flash device.
The base unit extracts the 5500 series image through the TFTP or USB port then transfers the image to the non-base units.
All of the units in the stack store the received image in flash devices.
The Combo Diagnostic Image contains the header of the image and two
Diagnostic images: a 56xx diagnostic image and a 55xx diagnostic image.
Any 55xx software release before release 6.0 does not support the Combo
Diagnostic image.
A stand-alone unit or a stack that uses the Ethernet Routing Switch 5000
Series software release 6.0 can download a combo diagnostic image.
This diagnostic release for the new software release 6.1 is available in two different formats: a file in Combo format and a file in 55xx format. The
55xx image format in this release is necessary because all the current
55xx releases do not support the Combo diagnostic image.
The considerations for downloading a Combo Agent Image also apply to downloading a Combo Diagnostic Image.
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series supports the Bootstrap protocol (BootP).
BootP enables you to retrieve an ASCII configuration file name and configuration server address.
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System configuration fundamentals
A properly configured BootP server enables the switch to automatically learn its assigned IP address, subnet mask and the IP address of the default router (default gateway).
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series has a unique 48-bit hardware address, or MAC address, that is printed on a label on the back panel. Use this MAC address when you configure the network BootP server to recognize the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series BootP requests.
The BootP modes supported by the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000
Series are:
•
BootP or Last Address mode
•
BootP When Needed. This is the default mode.
•
BootP Always
•
BootP Disabled. Disabling BootP also disables DHCP.
This module provides information about the IPv6 management feature of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series switch platforms.
•
“The IPv6 header” (page 29)
•
“IPv6 addresses” (page 29)
•
Figure 3 "IPv6 address format" (page 30)
•
“Interface ID” (page 30)
•
“Address formats” (page 30)
•
“IPv6 extension headers” (page 31)
•
“Comparison of IPv4 and IPv6” (page 32)
•
“ICMPv6” (page 33)
•
“Neighbor discovery” (page 33)
•
“ND messages” (page 34)
•
“Neighbor discovery cache” (page 35)
•
“Router discovery” (page 37)
•
“Path MTU discovery” (page 37)
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IPv6 management
IPv6 Management allows the user to configure an IPv6 address on the management VLAN. This enables IPv6 connectivity. The management
VLAN can have both an IPv4 and an IPv6 address configured simultaneously (Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series switches function as a dual stack network node).
There is no IPv6 routing support in the current phase and therefore only one IPv6 interface is associated to the management VLAN. You can perform IPv6 interface configuration with NNCLI, SNMP (Device Manager) or Web-based management. Web-based management is limited to enabling and configuring address and prefix. For more control over IPv6, use NNCLI or Device Manager.
IPv6 Management adds support for new standard MIBs (IP-MIB — RFC
4293, TCP-MIB — RFC 4022, UDP-MIB — RFC 4113) as well as the enterprise MIB rcIpv6.
The IPv6 header contains the following fields:
• a 4-bit Internet Protocol version number, with a value of 6
• an 8-bit traffic class field, similar to Type of Service in IPv4
• a 20-bit flow label that identifies traffic flow for additional Quality of
Service (QoS)
• a 16-bit unsigned integer, the length of the IPv6 payload
• an 8-bit next header selector that identifies the next header
• an 8-bit hop limit unsigned integer that decrements by 1 each time a node forwards the packet (nodes discard packets with hop limit values of 0)
• a 128-bit source address
• a 128-bit destination address
IPv6 addresses are 128 bits in length. The address identifies a single interface or multiple interfaces. IPv4 addresses, in comparison, are 32 bits in length. The increased number of possible addresses in IPv6 solves the inevitable IP address exhaustion inherent to IPv4.
The IPv6 address contains two parts: an address prefix and an IPv6 interface ID. The first 3 bits indicate the type of address that follows.
The following graphic shows the IPv6 address format.
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System configuration fundamentals
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An example of a unicast IPv6 address is 1080:0:0:0:8:8000:200C:417A
The interface ID is a unique number that identifies an IPv6 node (a host or a router). For stateless autoconfiguration, the ID is 64 bits in length.
In IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration, the interface ID is derived by a formula that uses the link layer 48-bit MAC address. (In most cases, the interface
ID is a 64-bit interface ID that contains the 48-bit MAC address.) The IPv6 interface ID is as unique as the MAC address.
If you manually configure interface IDs or MAC addresses (or both), no relationship between the MAC address and the interface ID is necessary.
A manually configured interface ID can be longer or shorter than 64 bits.
The format for representing an IPv6 address is n:n:n:n:n:n:n:n n is the hexadecimal representation of 16 bits in the address. An example is as follows:
FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:43
Each nonzero field must contain at least one numeral. Within a hexadecimal field, however, leading zeros are not required.
Certain classes of IPv6 addresses commonly include multiple contiguous fields containing hexadecimal 0. The following sample address includes five contiguous fields containing zeroes with a double colon (::):
FF01::43
You can use a double colon to compress the leading zero fields in a hexadecimal address. A double colon can appear once in an address.
An IPv4-compatible address combines hexadecimal and decimal values as follows:
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IPv6 management x:x:x:x:x:x:d.d.d.d
x:x:x:x:x:x is a hexadecimal representation of the six high-order 16-bit pieces of the address, and d.d.d.d is a decimal representation of the four
8-bit pieces of the address. For example:
0:0:0:0:0:0:13.1.68.3
or
::13.1.68.3
IPv6 extension headers describe processing options. Each extension header contains a separate category of options. A packet can include zero or more extension headers. The following graphic shows the IPv6 header and extension headers:
.
IPv6 examines the destination address in the main header of each packet it receives; this examination determines whether the router is the packet destination or an intermediate node in the packet data path. If the router is the destination of the packet, IPv6 examines the header extensions that contain options for destination processing. If the router is an intermediate node, IPv6 examines the header extensions that contain forwarding options.
By examining only the extension headers that apply to the operations it performs, IPv6 reduces the amount of time and processing resources required to process a packet.
IPv6 defines the following extension headers:
•
The hop-by-hop extension header contains optional information that all intermediate IPv6 routers examine between the source and the destination.
•
The end-to-end extension header contains optional information for the destination node.
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System configuration fundamentals
•
The source routing extension header contains a list of one or more intermediate nodes that define a path for the packet to follow through the network, to its destination. The packet source creates this list. This function is similar to the IPv4 source routing options.
•
The fragmentation extension header uses an IPv6 source to send packets larger than the size specified for the path maximum transmission unit (MTU).
•
The authentication extension header and the security encapsulation extension header, used singly or jointly, provide security services for
IPv6 datagrams.
The following table compares key differences between IPv4 and IPv6.
1 Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series does not support IPsec.
2 Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series does not perform Router discovery or advertise as a router.
3 Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series does not implement any form of automatic configuration of
IPv6 address in release 6.0.
Address length
IPsec support 1
32 bits
Optional
128 bits
Required
QoS support
Fragmentation
Minimum MTU (packet size)
Limited
Hosts and routers
576 bytes
Improved
Hosts only
1280 bytes
Checksum in header
Options in header
Link-layer address resolution
Multicast membership
Router discovery
Uses broadcasts
Configuration 3
2
Yes
Yes
ARP (broadcast)
IGMP
Optional
Yes
Manual, DHCP
No
No
Multicast Neighbor Discovery
Messages
Multicast Listener Discovery
(MLD)
Required
No
Automatic, DHCP
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IPv6 management
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) version 6 maintains and improves upon features from ICMP for IPv4. ICMPv6 reports the delivery of forwarding errors, such as destination unreachable, packet too big, time exceeded, and parameter problem. ICMPv6 also delivers information messages such as echo request and echo reply.
ICMPv6 plays an important role in IPv6 features such as neighbor discovery,
Multicast Listener Discovery, and path MTU discovery.
IPv6 nodes (routers and hosts) on the same link use neighbor discovery
(ND) to discover link layer addresses and to obtain and advertise various network parameters and reachability information. ND combines the services provided for IPv4 with the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and router discovery. Neighbor discovery replaces ARP in IPv6.
Hosts use ND to discover the routers in the network that you can use as the default routers, and to determine the link layer address of their neighbors attached on their local links. Routers also use ND to discover their neighbors and their link layer information. Neighbor discovery also updates the neighbor database with valid entries, invalid entries, and entries migrated to different locations.
Neighbor discovery protocol provides you with the following:
•
Address and prefix discovery: hosts determine the set of addresses that are on-link for the given link. Nodes determine which addresses or prefixes are locally reachable or remote with address and prefix discovery.
•
Router discovery: hosts discover neighboring routers with router discovery. Hosts establish neighbors as default packet-forwarding routers.
•
Parameter discovery: host and routers discover link parameters such as the link MTU or the hop limit value placed in outgoing packets.
•
Address autoconfiguration: nodes configure an address for an interface with address autoconfiguration.
•
Duplicate address detection: hosts and nodes determine if an address is assigned to another router or a host.
•
Address resolution: hosts determine link layer addresses (MAC for
Ethernet) of the local neighbors (attached on the local network), provided the IP address is known.
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System configuration fundamentals
•
Next-hop determination: hosts determine how to forward local or remote traffic with next-hop determination. The next hop can be a local or remote router.
•
Neighbor unreachability detection: hosts determine if the neighbor is unreachable, and address resolution must be performed again to update the database. For neighbors you use as routers, hosts attempt to forward traffic through alternate default routers.
•
Redirect: routers inform the host of more efficient routes with redirect messages.
Neighbor discovery uses three components:
• host-router discovery
• host-host communication component
• redirect
The following graphic shows the neighbor discovery components:
The following table shows new ICMPv6 message types.
.
ARP Request message Neighbor solicitation message A node sends this message to determine the link-layer address of a neighbor or to verify that a neighbor is still reachable through a cached link-layer address. You can
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IPv6 management
ARP Reply message
ARP cache
Gratuitous ARP
Router solicitation message
(optional)
Router advertisement message
(optional)
Redirect message
Neighbor advertisement
Neighbor cache
Duplicate address detection
Router solicitation (required)
Router advertisement
(required)
Redirect message also use neighbor solicitations for duplicate address detection.
A node sends this message either in response to a received neighbor solicitation message or to communicate a link layer address change.
The neighbor cache contains information about neighbor types on the network.
A host or node sends a request with its own IP address to determine if another router or host uses the same address.
The source receives a reply from the duplicate device. Both hosts and routers use this function.
The host sends this message upon detecting a change in a network interface operational state. The message requests that routers generate router advertisement immediately rather than at the scheduled time.
Routers send this message to advertise their presence together with various links and Internet parameters either periodically or in response to a router solicitation message.
Router advertisements contain prefixes that you use for on-link determination or address configuration, and a suggested hop limit value.
Routers send this message to inform hosts of a better first hop for a destination.
The neighbor discovery cache lists information about neighbors in your network.
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System configuration fundamentals
The neighbor discovery cache can contain the following types of neighbors:
• static: a configured neighbor
• local: a device on the local system
• dynamic: a discovered neighbor
The following table describes neighbor cache states.
Incomplete
Reachable
Stale
Delay
Probe
A node sends a neighbor solicitation message to a multicast device. The multicast device sends no neighbor advertisement message in response.
You receive positive confirmation within the last reachable time period.
A node receives no positive confirmation from the neighbor in the last reachable time period.
A time period longer than the reachable time period passes since the node received the last positive confirmation, and a packet was sent within the last
DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME period. If no reachability confirmation is received within
DELAY_FIRST_PROBE_TIME period of entering the DELAY state, neighbor solicitation is sent and the state is changed to PROBE.
Reachability confirmation is sought from the device every retransmit timer period.
The following events involve Layer 2 and Layer 3 interaction when processing and affect the neighbor cache:
• flushing the Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) media access control
(MAC)
• removing a VLAN
• performing an action on all VLANs
• removing a port from a VLAN
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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
• removing a port from a spanning tree group (STG)
• removing a multi-link trunk group from a VLAN
• removing a Multi-Link Trunking port from a VLAN
• removing a Multi-Link Trunking port from an STG
• performing an action that disables a VLAN, such as removing all ports from a VLAN
• disabling a tagged port that is a member of multiple routable VLANs
IPv6 nodes discover routers on the local link with router discovery. The
IPv6 router discovery process uses the following messages:
•
Router advertisement
•
Router solicitation
Configured interfaces on an IPv6 router send out router-advertisement messages. Router-advertisements are also sent in response to router-solicitation messages from IPv6 nodes on the link.
An IPv6 host without a configured unicast address sends router solicitation messages.
IPv6 routers do not fragment packets. The source node sends a packet equal in size to the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of the link layer.
The packet travels through the network to the destination. If the packet encounters a link with a smaller MTU, the router sends the source node an
ICMP error message containing the MTU size of the next link.
The source IPv6 node then resends a packet equal to the size of the MTU included in the ICMP message.
The default MTU value for a regular interface is 1500.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is defined by the RFC 2131.
DHCP allows individual TCP/IP hosts on an IP network to obtain their configuration information from a DHCP server (or servers) that have no exact information about the individual hosts until they request configuration parameters. This reduces the work of system administrators, especially
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System configuration fundamentals in larger IP networks, by eliminating the need to manually set every IP address. The most significant pieces of information distributed through
DHCP are:
• the IP address
• the network mask
• the IP address of the gateway
In many networks, DHCP must coexist with VLANs, and the DHCP client can make its broadcasts only in the trusted VLANs. The DHCP client will run at startup just like the BootP client. The DHCP client restricts its discovery broadcasts to the management VLAN.
The DHCP modes supported by the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000
Series Series are:
•
DHCP or Last Address mode
•
DHCP When Needed.
•
DHCP Always
•
DHCP Disabled. Disable DHCP by setting BootP Disabled.
The host cannot act as a DHCP relay while the DHCP client is running.
The Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) is a subset of the Network
Time Protocol. It provides a simple mechanism for time synchronization.
NTP enables clocks to be synchronized to a few milliseconds, depending on the clock source and local clock hardware.
SNTP synchronizes to the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) with an error of less than one second. This feature adheres to the RFC 2030 (MIB is the s5agent). With this feature, the system can obtain the time from any RFC
2030-compliant NTP or SNTP server.
SNTP accuracy is typically in the order of "significant fractions of a second." This accuracy is related to the latencies between the SNTP client device and the NTP server. In a low latency network, the SNTP accuracy can be reduced to the sub-100 millisecond range and, to further increase the accuracy, a simple latency measurement algorithm can be used.
The intended accuracy for this implementation is one second, which is sufficient for logs and time displays on user interfaces.
The SNTP feature allows you to set an offset from GMT for the time zone of your location. You can also set a start date and end date and offset for
Daylight Savings Time.
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Initial configuration using the Web quick start window
The SNTP client implementation for this feature is unicast. The SNTP client operates typically in a unicast mode, but also can use the broadcast and multicast modes.
When SNTP is enabled (the default state is disabled), the system synchronizes with the configured NTP server at bootup (after network connectivity is established) and at user-configurable periods thereafter (the default synchronization interval is 24 hours). The synchronization also can happen upon manual request.
The SNTP feature supports both primary and secondary NTP servers.
SNTP attempts to contact the secondary NTP server only if the primary
NTP server is unresponsive. When a server connection fails, SNTP retries for a maximum of three times, with five minutes between each retry.
Using NNCLI you can specify additional ping parameters, including the number of ICMP packets to be sent, the packet size, the interval between packets, and the timeout. You can also set ping to continuous, or you can set a debug flag to obtain extra debug information.
See “ping command” (page 95) for information on the NNCLI ping command.
The WEB Quick Start feature enables you to enter the setup mode through a single screen.
This feature is supported only by the web interface.
During the initial setup mode, all ports in the switch or stack are assigned to the default VLAN.
The WEB Quick Start screen enables you to configure the following information:
•
Switch or Stack IP address
•
Subnet mask
•
Default gateway
•
SNMP Read community
•
SNMP Write community
•
SNMP Trap IP addresses and communities (up to 4)
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System configuration fundamentals
The term twisted pairs.
refers to automatic detection of transmit and receive
Auto-MDI/X detects, receive, and transmit twisted pairs automatically.
When auto-MDI/X is active, any straight or crossover category 5 cable can be used to provide connection to a port. If autonegotiation is disabled, then auto-MDI/X is not active.
The term refers to the ability of the port to compensate for positive and negative signals being reversed on the receive cables.
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series support auto-polarity.
With autonegotiation enabled, auto-polarity automatically reverses the polarity of a pair of pins from positive to negative or negative to positive.
This corrects the polarity of the received data, if the port detects that the polarity of the data has been reversed due to a wiring error. If autonegotiation is disabled, auto-polarity is not active.
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series are autosensing and autonegotiating devices:
•
The term attached device.
refers to ability of a port to the speed of an
•
The term refers to a standardized protocol (IEEE
802.3u or 802.3z or 802.3ab) that exists between two IEEE-capable devices. Autonegotiation enables the switch to select the best speed and duplex modes.
Autosensing is used when the attached device is not capable of autonegotiation or is using a form of autonegotiation that is not compatible with the IEEE 802.3z autonegotiation standard. If it is not possible to sense the duplex mode of the attached device, the Nortel Ethernet Routing
Switch 5000 Series reverts to half-duplex mode.
When autonegotiation-capable devices are attached to the Nortel Ethernet
Routing Switch 5000 Series, the ports negotiate down from 1000 Mb/s speed and full-duplex mode until the attached device acknowledges a supported speed and duplex mode.
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Autosensing and autonegotiation
In the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series, the Custom
Autonegotiation Advertisements (CANA) feature enables you to control the speed and duplex settings that each Ethernet port of the device advertises as part of the autonegotiation process.
Without CANA, a port with autonegotiation enabled advertises all speed and duplex modes that are supported by the switch and attempt to establish a link at the highest common speed and duplex setting. By using
CANA, the port can be configured to advertise only certain speed and duplex settings, thereby allowing links to be established only at these settings, regardless of the highest common supported operating mode.
CANA also enables control over the IEEE802.3x flow control settings advertised by the port, as part of the autonegotiation process. Flow control advertisements can be set to Symmetric, Asymmetric, or Disabled if neither is selected.
You may not want a port to advertise all speed and duplex modes supported, in the following situations:
•
If a network can support only 10 Mb/s connection, a port can be configured to advertise only 10 Mb/s capabilities. Devices using autonegotiation to connect to this port connect at 10 Mb/s, even if both devices are capable of higher speeds.
•
If a port is configured to advertise only 100 Mb/s full-duplex capability, the link becomes active only if the link partner is also capable of autonegotiating a 100 Mb/s full duplex connection. This prevents mismatched speed or duplex settings if autonegotiation is disabled on the link partner.
•
For testing or network troubleshooting, it can be useful to configure a link to autonegotiate at a particular speed or duplex mode.
Use the
CANA.
command to configure
To configure port 5 to advertise the operational mode of 10 Mb/s and full duplex, enter the following command line:
Figure 6 "auto-negotiation-advertisements command sample output" (page
42) shows sample output for this command.
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System configuration fundamentals
To view the autonegotiation advertisements for the device, enter the following command line:
Figure 7 "show auto-negotiation-advertisements command sample output"
(page 42) and Figure 8 "show auto-negotiation-advertisements command sample output" (page 43) show sample output for this command. Port 5 has been configured to only advertise an operational mode of 10 Mb/s full duplex.
.
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Autosensing and autonegotiation
To view the operational capabilities of the device, enter the following command line:
Figure 9 "show auto-negotiation-capabilities command sample output"
(page 43) and Figure 10 "show auto-negotiation-capabilities command sample output" (page 44) show sample output for this command.
.
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System configuration fundamentals
To set default autonegotiation advertisements for the device, enter the following command in the Interface Configuration command mode:
To set default advertisements for port 5 of the device, enter the following command line:
To set a port to not transmit any autonegotiation advertisements, enter the following command in the Interface Configuration command mode:
To silence the autonegotiation advertisements for port 5 of the device, enter the following command line:
Figure 11 "default auto-negotiation-advertisements command sample output" (page 44) and Figure 12 "no auto-negotiation-advertisements command sample output" (page 45) show sample output from these commands.
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Set IP parameters using IP.CFG file on a USB memory device
.
Quick Install allows users to take first configuration from a file found on a
USB device or from a minimal configuration menu.
If the switch does not obtain an IP address using bootp, and, a file named
IP.CFG exists on the USB device, then the switch loads the IP.CFG file as its first configuration.
See also “Set IP parameters using IP.CFG file on a USB memory device”
(page 45) .
If the switch cannot find an IP address after the user presses CTRL + Y from long console then it shows a minimal menu. Quick Configuration encompasses multiple menus consolidating them into a single menu for the user to access and make the required initial setup modifications.
The user must enter the following information into the menu:
•
IP address
•
Sub-net mask
•
Default gateway
•
Read-only community string
•
Read-write community string
•
Quick start VLAN
See “Configuring quick install” (page 306) to configure quick install with
Web-based management.
If the switch does not obtain an IP address through BootP, you can load the IP address and optionally new switch software and configuration from the USB memory device using the ip.cfg file.
The file name, ip.cfg, is case-insensitive.
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System configuration fundamentals
If a properly formatted file exists on a USB port, the switch uses that ip.cfg
as the first option, rather than the last. You can specify one or more of the optional parameters in the ip.cfg file. All of the parameters are optional.
The following table describes the ip.cfg file parameters:
IP <xx.xx.xx.xx>
Mask <xx.xx.xx.xx>
Gateway <xx.xx.xx.xx>
SNMPread <string>
SNMPwrite <string>
VLAN <number>
USBdiag <string>
USBascii <string>
USBagent <string>D
NEXTIP, NEXTMask, and NEXTGateway
Specifies the IP address for the switch.
Example: 192.168.22.1
Specifies the network mask.
Example: 255.255.255.0
Specifies the default gateway.
Example: 181.30.30.254
Specifies the SNMP read community string.
Example: public
Specifies the SNMP write community string.
Example: private
Specifies the management VLAN-ID.
Example: VLAN 1
Specifies the filename of the diagnostic image to load from the USB.
Example: ers4500/ers4500_5.1.0.4.bin
Specifies the filename of the ASCII config file to load from the USB.
Example: customer1.cfg
Specifies the filename of the agent image to load from the USB and specifies IPs for next boot.
Example: ers4500/ers4500_5.2.0.0.img
If you download an ASCII file or diag/image with an Ip.cfg file, the specific ASCII file or diag/image must be present on the usb device.
The ip.cfg file loads information from the ASCII configuration file in order of precedence. For example, if you have an ip.cfg file with the following commands:
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Set IP parameters using IP.CFG file on a USB memory device
The stack IP becomes 181.30.30.113 no matter what IP address is in the ip.txt file.
If you have an ip.cfg file with the following commands:
The stack IP will be the IP address defined in the ip.txt file.
The ip.cfg file runs only on a base or stand-alone unit. The file cannot be more than 4096 bytes or contain more than 200 lines.
The following figure shows an example of an ip.cfg file.
.
If the ip.cfg file specifies an image or agent code, the switch loads the software, even if the same version is already installed on the switch.
Ensuring that the appropriate software is always upgraded on the units is the correct operation of ip.cfg.
Use the factory default command to reset the switch to the factory default after you insert the USB memory device in the USB port. The USB memory device must contain the properly formatted ip.cfg file in the root directory.
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System configuration fundamentals
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.
The information in this section provides an overview of Power over
Ethernet (PoE). See the
() (NN47200-300) for detailed information about the installation of power supplies and details about PoE.
PoE in Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series switches uses the
IEEE 802.3af standard.
PoE is the ability to power network devices over the Ethernet cable. Some such devices include IP Phones, Wireless LAN Access Points, security cameras, access control points, and so on.
The following 5000 Series switches provide PoE:
•
Ethernet Routing Switch 5520-24T-PWR
•
Ethernet Routing Switch 5520-48T-PWR
•
Ethernet Routing Switch 5650-TD-PWR
•
Ethernet Routing Switch 5698-TFD-PWR
The 5000 Series switches support the following PoE features:
•
DTE power.
•
Powered device (PD) discovery and classification.
•
Capacitive detection to support legacy PD devices, including the Nortel and Cisco Legacy IP Phones.
•
Port power management and monitoring for each port.
•
AC and DC disconnection.
•
Detection of load over or under voltage or current.
•
PoE status LED for each port.
•
Port prioritizing to guarantee DTE power available on high-priority ports
•
Port pruning to prevent system failure
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Power over Ethernet fundamentals
You can configure PoE with NNCLI, Device Manager, and Web-based management. See the following sections for details:
•
“PoE overview” (page 50)
•
“Power source” (page 51)
•
“Stacking” (page 52)
•
“Power pairs” (page 52)
•
“Diagnosing and correcting PoE problems” (page 52)
•
“Power management” (page 54)
•
“Configuring PoE with NNCLI” (page 152)
•
“Viewing PoE ports with Device Manager” (page 285)
The 5000 Series switches are ideal to use with Nortel Business
Communication Manager system, IP phones, hubs, and wireless access points. You can use these switches in conjunction with all network devices.
By using the 5000 Series switches, you can plug any IEEE
802.3af-compliant powered device into a front-panel port of a PoE-capable switch and receive power. Data can be passed simultaneously on that port.
The IEEE 802.3af draft standard regulates a maximum of 15.4 watts (W) of power for each port; that is, a power device cannot request more than 15.4
watts (W) of power. As different network devices require different levels of power, the overall available power budget of the 5000 Series switches depends on your power configuration and the particular connected network devices. If you connect an IP device that requires more than 16 W of power, you see an error on that port notifying you of an overload.
The 5000 Series switches automatically detect all IEEE 802.3af-draft-comp liant powered devices attached to each front-panel port and immediately sends power to that appliance. The switch also automatically detects how much power each device requires and supplies the required DC voltage at a set current based on the load conditions and current availability. The switch supports both PoE and standard LAN devices.
The power detection function of the 5000 Series switches operate independently of the data link status. Power can be requested by a device that is already operating the link for data, or it can be requested by a device that is not yet operational. That is, the 5000 Series switches provide power to a requesting device even if the data link for that port
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Power source is disabled. The switch monitors the connection and automatically disconnects power from a port when the device is removed or changed, as well as when a short occurs.
The 5000 Series switches automatically detect those devices that do not require power connections from it, such as laptop computers or other switching devices, and does not send any power to those devices. You control the supply of power to specific ports by setting the maximum allowed power to each port in 1 W increments, from 3 W to 16 W.
Allow 30 seconds between unplugging and replugging an IP device to the switch to enable the IP device to discharge. If you attempt to make connection earlier, the switch may not detect the IP device.
The Nortel Ethernet Redundant Power Supply 15 is available as an optional external power source for the Ethernet Routing Switch 5520.
Contact your Nortel representative for more information about the Nortel
Ethernet Redundant Power Supply Unit 15.
The following are the available options to power the Nortel Ethernet
Routing Switch 5520:
•
Internal power source only
•
External power source only:
—
Nortel Ethernet Redundant Power Supply 15
•
Internal power source plus external power source:
—
Nortel Ethernet Redundant Power Supply 15
In a stack configuration, each unit can have its own external power source.
The 5650-TD-PWR and 5698-TFD-PWR switches use modular power supply units. The PoE capability at each 5600 Series switch port depends on the power supply modules that you install. See
() (NN47200-300) for information about the power supplies and PoE.
The PoE capability of each 5650-TD-PWR or 5698-TFD-PWR switch port depends on the power supply modules that you install. See the
() (NN47200-300) for information about the PoE capability at each port as a function of the power supply modules.
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Power over Ethernet fundamentals
You can stack the 5000 Series switches up to 8 units high. These stacks also can be configured for redundancy.
The 5000 Series switches support wiring as mentioned in the IEEE
802.3AF draft standard.
The 5000 Series switches supports power to Signal pair only.
See the
(NN47200-300) for connector pinout tables and wiring specifics.
()
This section discusses some common problems that you can encounter while using the PoE features of the 5000 Series switches.
See the
(NN47200-700) for detailed troubleshooting information.
()
Table 6 "Error messages displayed by PoE ports" (page 52) describes the error messages displayed by a port that supports PoE.
Detecting
Delivering power
Disabled
Invalid PD
Deny low priority
Overload
Test
Error
The port detects an IP device that is requesting power.
Port delivers the requested power to the IP device.
The port power state is disabled.
The port is detecting a device that is not authorized to request for power.
Power disabled from the port because of port setting and demands on power budget.
Power disabled from the port because the port is overloaded.
The port is in testing mode. This was set by using SNMP.
An unspecified error condition has occurred.
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Diagnosing and correcting PoE problems
Perform the following steps in the order specified to connect the PSU to the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520:
Ensure that the DC ON/OFF switch on the back of the Nortel
Ethernet Routing Switch 5520 is in the OFF position.
Plug the external power source into the DC connector receptacle on the back of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520, by using the 2-pin power connector and 10-pin control connector.
Attach the ground lug on a cable to a grounding point.
Plug the power cord from the Nortel Ethernet RPSU 15 to the wall outlet.
Plug the power cord from Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520 into the wall outlet.
Turn the DC ON/OFF breaker on the back of the switch to the
ON position.
Ensure that the DC ON/OFF breaker is in the OFF position before you connect or disconnect the optional external power source.
Figure 13 "External power source connected to back of the Nortel Ethernet
Routing Switch 5520" (page 54) shows 3 Nortel Ethernet RPSU 15s connected to the back of a stack of 3 Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520 switches.
The grounding wire is connected with a screw, and a star washer is provided on the base of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5520.
.
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Power over Ethernet fundamentals
.
The 5000 Series switch uses several device management systems, such as Web-based management, the Command Line Interface (NNCLI), and Device Manager, as well as Optivity for network-level management services.
With NNCLI, Web, or Device Manager, you can configure the level of power to specific ports, as well as enable or disable power to each port.
You can set the maximum power level for each port by increments of 1 W; in the range of 3 to 16 W. The default power level for each port is 16 W.
You can configure the power priority of each port by choosing low, high, or critical power priority settings. The switch automatically drops low-priority ports when the power requirements exceed the available power budget. If the power requirements are lower than the switch power budget, the power is returned to the dropped port.
For example, assume the following scenario:
•
Ports 1 to 20 are configured as low priority
•
Port 21 is configured as high priority
•
Ports 1 to 20 are connected to powered devices
•
Devices on ports are consuming all the available 5000 Series switch power
•
A device is connected to port 21 and requests power
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Power management
In this scenario, the 5000 Series switch provides power to the device on port 21 because that port is configured as high priority. However, to maintain the power budget, the switch drops one of the ports configured as a lower priority. As all the other ports (1 to 20) are configured with a low priority, the switch drops power to the highest port number. In this case, the switch drops power to port 20 and provides power to port 21. If another port drops power, the switch automatically reinstates power to port 20.
You configure the autodiscovery power process as either IEEE 802.3af
compliant or IEEE 802.3af draft compliant and legacy:
•
802.3af -- detection method outlined in IEEE 802.3af draft standard
• legacy -- detection standard in use prior to IEEE 802.3af draft standard
The default value is IEEE 802.3af draft compliant. You can set this parameter for the entire switch; you cannot set the discovery mode for each port.
You can obtain power usage information from the management systems.
Statistics do not accumulate. The system automatically disconnects the port from power when it detects overload on any port, and the rest of the ports remain functioning.
Ensure that the switch is set for the power detection mode used by the connected powered device. Consult the device documentation for this information.
.
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Power over Ethernet fundamentals
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.
Release 5.0 software supports the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
(IEEE 802.1ab), which enables stations connected to a LAN to advertise their capabilities to each other, enabling the discovery of physical topology information for network management. LLDP-compatible stations can consist of any interconnection device including PCs, IP Phones, switches, and routers. Each LLDP station stores LLDP information in a standard
Management Information Base (MIB), making it possible for a network management system (NMS) or application to access the information.
Each LLDP station:
• advertises connectivity and management information about the local station to adjacent stations on the same 802 LAN (802.3 Ethernet with
5000 Series).
• receives network management information from adjacent stations on the same LAN.
LLDP also makes it possible to discover certain configuration inconsistencies or malfunctions that can result in impaired communications at higher layers. For example, it can be used to discover duplex mismatches between an IP Phone and the connected switch.
LLDP is compatible with IETF PROTO MIB (IETF RFC 2922).
Figure 14 "LLDP: how it works" (page 58) shows an example of how LLDP works in a network.
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LLDP fundamentals
.
1.
The Ethernet Routing Switch and LLDP-enabled router advertise chassis and port IDs and system descriptions (if enabled) to each other.
2.
The devices store the information about each other in local MIB databases, accessible by using SNMP.
3.
A network management system retrieves the data stored by each device and builds a network topology map.
LLDP is a one-way protocol. An LLDP agent can transmit information about the capabilities and current status of the system associated with its
MAC service access point (MSAP) identifier. The LLDP agent also can receive information about the capabilities and current status of the system associated with a remote MSAP identifier. However, LLDP agents cannot solicit information from each other.
You can set the local LLDP agent to transmit only, receive only, or to both transmit and receive LLDP information. You can configure the state for
LLDP reception and transmission using SNMP or NNCLI commands.
The information fields in each LLDP frame are contained in a Link Layer
Discovery Protocol Data Unit (LLDPDU) as a sequence of short, variable length information elements known as TLVs (type, length, value).
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Link Layer Discover Protocol (IEEE 802.1ab) Overview
•
•
•
•
Each LLDPDU includes the following four mandatory TLVs:
The chassis ID and the port ID values are concatenated to form a logical
MSAP identifier that the recipient uses to identify the sending LLDP agent and port.
A non-zero value in the Time to Live (TTL) field of the TTL TLV indicates to the receiving LLDP agent how long the LLDPDU information from the
MSAP identifier remains valid. The receiving LLDP agent automatically discards all LLDPDU information, if the sender fails to update it in a timely manner. A zero value in TTL field of Time To Live TLV tells the receiving
LLDP agent to discard the information associated with the LLDPDU MSAP identifier.
In addition to the four mandatory TLVs, Release 5.0 software supports the TLV extension set consisting of Management TLVs and organizationally-specific TLVs. Organizationally-specific TLVs are defined by either the professional organizations or the individual vendors that are involved with the particular functionality being implemented. You can specify which of these optional TLVs to include in the transmitted
LLDPDUs for each port.
For more information about the supported TLV extension set, refer to the following:
•
“Management TLVs” (page 59)
•
“IEEE 802.1 organizationally-specific TLVs” (page 60)
•
“IEEE 802.3 organizationally-specific TLVs” (page 60)
•
“Organizationally-specific TLVs for MED devices” (page 61)
•
•
•
The optional management TLVs are as follows:
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LLDP fundamentals
•
•
(indicates both the system supported capabilities and enabled capabilities, such as end station, bridge, or router)
•
•
•
•
The optional IEEE 802.1 organizationally-specifc TLVs are: contains the local port PVID.
contains the VLAN IDs of the port and protocol VLANs that contain the local port.
contains the VLAN names of the VLANs that contain the local port.
advertises the protocol supported. The following values are used for supported protocols on the 5000 Series:
—
Stp protocol {0x00,0x26,0x42,0x42,0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}
—
Rstp protocol string {0x00,0x27,0x42,0x42,0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02}
—
Mstp protocol string {0x00,0x69,0x42,0x42,0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03}
—
Eap protocol string {0x88, 0x8E, 0x01}
—
Lldp protocol string {0x88, 0xCC}
•
•
•
•
The optional IEEE 802.3 organizationally-specifc TLVs are: indicates the autonegotiation capability and the speed and duplex status of IEEE 802.3 MAC/PHYs.
indicates the capabilities and current status of
IEEE 802.3 PMDs that can provide power over twisted-pair copper links.
indicates the current link aggregation status of
IEEE 802.3 MACs.
indicates the maximum supported 802.3
frame size.
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Link Layer Discover Protocol (IEEE 802.1ab) Overview
•
•
•
•
•
The optional organizationally-specific TLVs for use by Media Endpoint
Devices (MED) and MED network connectivity devices are: enables a network element to advertise the
LLDP-MED TLVs it is capable of supporting.
is a fixed length TLV that enables both network connectivity devices and endpoints to advertise VLAN type, VLAN identifier (VID), and Layer 2 and Layer 3 priorities associated with a specific set of applications on a port. In addition, an LLDP-MED endpoint advertises this TLV for supported application types to enable the discovery of specific policy information and the diagnosis of network policy configuration mismatch issues.
allows network connectivity devices to advertise the appropriate location identifier information for an endpoint to use in the context of location-based applications. The
Location Identification Discovery extension enables the advertisement of location identifier information to Communication Endpoint Devices
(Class III), based on the configuration of the Network Connectivity
Device to which it is connected. This is expected to be related to wiremap or similar network topology data, such that the configuration of the Network Connectivity Device can uniquely identify the physical location of the connected MED Endpoint, and hence the correct location identifier information for it to use.
enables advanced power management between an LLDP-MED endpoint and network connectivity devices.
The Extended Power-via-MDI TLV enables the advertisement of fine grained power requirement details, endpoint power priority, and power status for both endpoint and network connectivity devices.
provide switch information. The LLDP Inventory TLVs consist of the following:
— allows the device to advertise its hardware revision.
— allows the device to advertise its firmware revision.
— allows the device to advertise its software revision.
— allows the device to advertise its
— serial number.
— advertise the name of its manufacturer.
allows the device to allows the device to advertise its model name
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LLDP fundamentals
You can also use the about the Inventory TLVs.
command to display information
When a transmit cycle is initiated, the LLDP manager extracts the managed objects from the LLDP local system
MIB and formats this information into TLVs. TLVs are inserted into the
LLDPDU.
(
LLDPDU are regularly transmitted at a user-configurable transmit interval
) or when any of the variables contained in the LLPDU is modified on the local system (such as system name or management address).
is "the minimum delay between successive LLDP frame transmissions."
The LLDP local system MIB stores the information for constructing the various TLVs to be sent. The LLDP remote systems MIB stores the information received from remote LLDP agents.
LLDPDUs and TLVs that contain detectable errors are discarded. TLVs that are not recognized, but that also contain no basic format errors, are assumed to be validated and are stored for possible later retrieval by network management.
The Time to live interval represents the tx-interval multiplied by the tx-hold-multiplier.
Med fast start provides a burst of LLDPDU when the system initializes an LLDP MED transmission.
The Nortel Automatic QoS enhancement for LLDP-MED allows Nortel
Automatic QoS to set the DSCP, sent by Network Policy TLV for voice traffic application types, to a value that it recognizes. The LLDP compliant
IP phone uses the received DSCP when sending voice traffic so that the traffic is recognized by the Nortel Aunotmatic QoS and is prioritized accordingly.
This feature is automatically enabled when Nortel Automatic QoS is enabled on switch.
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.
The following sections provide system configuration procedures.
•
“System configuration with NNCLI” (page 63)
•
“System configuration with Device Manager” (page 173)
•
“System configuration with Web-based management” (page 286)
The following sections allow you to configure the system with NNCLI.
This section outlines the Command Line Interface commands used in general switch administration. It contains information about the following topics:
•
“Stack manager” (page 64)
•
“Multiple switch configurations” (page 66)
•
“New Unit Quick Configuration” (page 67)
•
“IP blocking” (page 68)
•
“Assigning and clearing IP addresses” (page 70)
•
“Assigning and clearing IP addresses for specific units” (page 74)
•
“Displaying interfaces” (page 76)
•
“Setting port speed” (page 76)
•
“Testing cables with the Time Domain Reflectometer” (page 79)
•
“Enabling Autotopology” (page 80)
•
“Enabling rate-limiting” (page 84)
•
“Using Simple Network Time Protocol” (page 86)
•
“Real time clock configuration” (page 92)
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Procedures for system configuration
•
“Custom Autonegotiation Advertisements” (page 94)
•
“Connecting to Another Switch” (page 95)
•
“Domain Name Server (DNS) Configuration” (page 96)
Use the following procedures to integrate switches in a stack with the stack manager:
•
“Configuring a pure stack with stack manager” (page 64)
•
“Configuring a hybrid stack with stack manager” (page 64)
Use the following procedure to configure a pure stack with stack manager:
Upgrade the existing stack with release 6.0 software.
Use the following procedure to configure a hybrid stack with stack manager:
Upgrade the existing stack with release 6.0 software.
Cable in one Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switch into this stack.
To configure the Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series switch as the base unit, turn the power off to the whole stack and set the base unit switch on the Ethernet Routing Switch 5500
Series switch to Off and set the base unit switch on the Ethernet
Routing Switch 5600 Series switch to On.
Turn the power on to the stack. The Ethernet Routing Switch
5600 Series switch is now the base unit in the stack.
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System configuration with NNCLI
An Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series stack is in one of two modes: Pure or Hybrid.
This command is in the Global Configuration command mode.
The following procedure shows the stack operation mode with the command:
Enter
You can configure the operating mode on all the Ethernet Routing Switch
5600 Series switches in the stack. Ethernet Routing Switch 5500 Series switches do not have a configurable operating mode as the software operates in only one mode.
This command is in the Global Configuration command mode.
This command is available only on the Ethernet Routing Switch 5600
Series switches in the stack or on an Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series stand-alone switch.
The following procedure configures the stack as Pure or Mixed with the command:
Enter .
The following table defines the variables for the command:
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Procedures for system configuration
Pure
Hybrid
Sets stack manager for an Ethernet
Routing Switch 5600 Series stack or stand-alone.
Sets stack manager for a hybrid
Ethernet Routing Switch 5600 Series and Ethernet Routing Switch 5600
Series stack.
You must use an Ethernet
Routing Switch 5600 Series switch as the base unit in a hybrid or mixed stack.
The following NNCLI commands are used to configure and use multiple switch configuration:
This command shows the configurations currently stored on the switch. The syntax for this command is:
This command is executed in the Global Configuration command mode.
This command copies the current configuration to one of the flash memory spots. The syntax for this command is:
Table 8 "copy config nvram block parameters" (page 66) outlines the parameters for this command.
block <1 - 2> The flash memory location to store the configuration.
name <block_name> The name to attach to this block. Names can be up to
40 characters in length with no spaces.
This command is executed in the Global Configuration command mode.
This command copies the configuration stored in flash memory at the specified location and makes it the active configuration. The syntax for this command is:
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System configuration with NNCLI
Substitute with the configuration file to load.
This command causes the switch to reset so that the new configuration can be loaded.
This command is executed in the Global Configuration command mode.
In Software Release 4.2 and later, use the New Unit Quick Configuration feature to create a default configuration that can be applied to any new unit entering a stack configuration.
You do not need to manually configure a new unit that is added to the existing stack.
However, if required, you can set the default values for VLAN Ids, port speed, duplex mode, PVID, tagging, and spanning tree groups on the new unit without the need to reset the stack during the process.
All commands in this section are executed in the Global Configu ration command mode except the command which is executed in Privileged EXEC mode.
To configure and enable this feature with NNCLI, refer to the following commands:
•
“
•
“
•
“
•
“
” (page 67)
” (page 67)
” (page 67)
” (page 68)
This command enables the quick configuration feature on the switch. The syntax for this command is:
This command disables the quick configuration feature on the switch. The syntax for this command is:
This command sets the quick configuration feature to the factory default value. The syntax for this command is:
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Configuration — System
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Procedures for system configuration
The following command is used on the stack base unit to record the default configuration that is applied to new units in the stack. The syntax for this command is:
To record a VLAN configuration or port configuration enter the following commands one on each line in NNCLI:
.
The first two commands must be otherwise the and , commands that follow will not be applied.
Use as a wild card for the slot. When you add a new unit to the stack the unit number is not known so the wild card character can match any slot number. To end the recording process enter a dot on a separate line in
NNCLI.
IP blocking provides a safeguard against the use of duplication IP addresses in a stack at the Layer 3 level. When a unit leaves a stack or reboots the IP blocking feature ensures that duplicate IPs are not present.
Use the following NNCLI commands to configure and manage IP blocking with NNCLI:
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“
•
“
” (page 69)
” (page 69)
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“
•
“
•
“
” (page 69)
” (page 69)
” (page 69)
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
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System configuration with NNCLI
Use this command to show the current IP blocking state. The syntax for this command is
Execute this command in the User EXEC command mode.
Use this command to show the current IP blocking parameters. The syntax for this command is
Execute this command in the User EXEC command mode.
Use this command to set the level of ip blocking to perform in the stack. The syntax for this command is
The following table describes the parameters for this command.
full Select this parameter to set IP blocking-mode to full.
This never enables a duplicate IP address in a stack.
none
Select this parameter to set IP blocking-mode to none.
This enables duplicate IP addresses unconditionally.
Execute this command in the Interface Configuration command mode.
Use this command to clear the current IP blocking-mode state. The syntax for this command is
Execute this command in the Privileged EXEC command mode.
Use this command to set the IP blocking mode to factory defaults. The syntax for this command is
Execute this command in the Global Configuration command mode.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
Procedures for system configuration
You can assign, clear, and view IP addresses and gateway addresses with
NNCLI. Use the following commands to perform various operations on IP and gateway addresses:
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“ ” (page 70)
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“ip address source command” (page 71)
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“ ” (page 71)
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“ ” (page 72)
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“
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“ ” (page 73)
” (page 72)
The and subnet mask for the switch or a stack.
command sets the IP address
The syntax for the command is:
The command mode.
command is executed in the Global Configuration
If the stack or switch parameter is not specified, the system automatically modifies the stack IP address when in stack mode and modifies the switch
IP address when in stand-alone mode.
Table 10 "ip address parameters" (page 70) describes the parameters for the command.
stack | switch
A.B.C.D
netmask
Default Gateway
A.B.C.D
Sets the IP address and netmask of the stack or the switch.
Denotes the IP address in dotted-decimal notation; netmask is optional.
Signifies the IP subnet mask for the stack or switch.
Displays the IP address of the default gateway. Enter the IP address of the default IP gateway.
When the IP address or subnet mask is changed, connectivity to
Telnet and the Web can be lost.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
System configuration with NNCLI
If you want to automatically obtain an IP address, subnet mask and default gateway on the switch or stack, you can use the ip address command with the source parameter. When you use DHCP, the switch or stack can also obtain up to three DNS server IP addresses.
The syntax for the command is
Execute the command mode.
command in the Global Configuration
The following table describes the variables for the command: bootp-always bootp-last-address bootp-when-needed dhcp-always dhcp-last-address dhcp-when-needed
Always use the bootp server.
Use the last bootp server.
Use bootp server when needed.
Always use the DHCP server.
Use the last DHCP server.
Use DHCP client when needed.
The command clears the IP address and subnet mask for a switch or a stack. This command sets the
IP address and subnet mask for a switch or a stack to all zeros (0).
The syntax for the command is:
The command mode.
command is executed in the Global Configuration
Table 12 "no ip address parameters" (page 72) describes the parameters for this command.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
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.
Procedures for system configuration stack | switch unit
Zeroes out the stack IP address and subnet mask or the switch IP address and subnet mask.
Zeroes out the IP address for the specified unit.
When the IP address or subnet mask is changed, connectivity to
Telnet and the Web Interface can be lost. Any new Telnet connection can be disabled and is required to connect to the serial console port to configure a new IP address.
The command sets the default IP gateway address for a switch or a stack to use.
The syntax for the command is:
The command is executed in the Global
Configuration command mode.
Table 13 "ip default-gateway parameters" (page 72) describes the parameters for the command.
A.B.C.D
Enter the dotted-decimal IP address of the default IP gateway.
When the IP gateway is changed, connectivity to Telnet and the
Web Interface can be lost.
The command sets the IP default gateway address to zero (0).
The syntax for the command is:
The
Configuration command mode.
command is executed in the Global
When the IP gateway is changed, connectivity to Telnet and the
Web Interface can be lost.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
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System configuration with NNCLI
The command displays the IP configurations, BootP/DHCP mode, stack address, switch address, subnet mask, and gateway address. This command displays these parameters for what is configured, what is in use, and the last BootP/DHCP.
The syntax for the command is:
The command is executed in the User EXEC command mode.
If you do not enter any parameters, this command displays all IP-related configuration information.
Table 14 "show ip parameters" (page 73) describes the parameters and variables for the command.
bootp dhcp client lease default-gateway
Displays BootP/DHCP-related IP information. The possibilities for status returned are:
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BootP Always
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Disabled
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BootP or Last Address
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BootP When Needed
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DHCP Always
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DHCP or Last Address
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DHCP When Needed
Displays DHCP client lease information. The command displays information about configured lease time and lease time granted by the DHCP server.
Displays the IP address of the default gateway.
.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
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.
Procedures for system configuration address address source
Displays the current IP address.
Displays the BootP or DHCP client information. The possibilities for status returned are:
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DHCP always
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DHCP when needed
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DHCP or last address
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Disabled
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BootP always
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BootP when needed
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BootP or last address
You can use NNCLI to assign and clear IP addresses for a specific unit in a stack. For details, refer to the following:
•
“
•
“
•
“
” (page 74)
” (page 75)
” (page 75)
The command sets the IP address and subnet mask of a specific unit in the stack.
The syntax for the command is:
The command mode.
command is executed in the Global Configuration
Table 15 "ip address unit parameters" (page 75) describes the parameters this command.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
System configuration with NNCLI unit <1-8>
A.B.C.D
Sets the unit you are assigning an IP address.
Enter IP address in dotted-decimal notation.
When the IP address or subnet mask is changed, connectivity to
Telnet and the Internet can be lost.
The command sets the IP address for the specified unit in a stack to zeros (0).
The syntax for the command is:
The command is executed in the Global
Configuration command mode.
Table 16 "no ip address parameters" (page 75) describes the parameters this command.
unit <1-8> Zeroes out the IP address for the specified unit.
When the IP address or subnet mask is changed, connectivity to
Telnet and the Internet can be lost.
The command sets the IP address for the specified unit in a stack to all zeros
(0).
The syntax for the command is:
The
Configuration command mode.
command is executed in the Global
Table 17 "default ip address unit parameters" (page 76) describes the parameters for this command.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
Procedures for system configuration unit <1-8> Zeroes out the IP address for the specified unit.
When the IP gateway is changed, connectivity to Telnet and the
Internet can be lost.
The status of all interfaces on the switch or stack can be viewed, including
Multi-Link Trunk membership, link status, autonegotiation and speed.
command displays The the current configuration and status of all interfaces.
The syntax for the command is:
The command mode.
command is executed in the User EXEC
Table 18 "show interfaces parameters" (page 76) describes the parameters and variables for the command.
names <portlist> Displays the interface names; enter specific ports if you want to see only those.
To set port speed and duplexing with NNCLI, refer to the following:
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“
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“
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“
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” (page 76)
” (page 77)
” (page 78)
” (page 79)
The syntax for the
The command sets the speed of the port.
command is:
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
System configuration with NNCLI
The mode.
command is executed in the Interface Configuration command
Table 19 "speed parameters" (page 77) describes the parameters and variables for the command.
port <portlist>
10|100|1000|auto
Specifies the port numbers for which to configure the speed. Enter the port numbers you want to configure.
If you omit this parameter, the system uses the port number you specified in the command.
Sets speed to:
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10--10 Mb/s
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100--100 Mb/s
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1000--1000 Mb/s or 1 GB/s
• auto--autonegotiation
Enabling/disabling autonegotiation for speed also enables/disables it for duplex operation.When you set the port speed for autonegotiation, ensure that the other side of the link is also set for autonegotiation.
The speed of the port to the factory default speed.
The syntax for the command is: command sets the
The command mode.
command is executed in the Interface Configuration
Table 20 "Default speed parameters" (page 78) describes the parameters for this command.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
Procedures for system configuration port <portlist>
Specifies the port numbers to set the speed to factory default. Enter the port numbers you want to set.
If you omit this parameter, the system uses the port number you specified in the command.
for a port.
The syntax for the
The command specifies the duplex operation command is:
The command is executed in the Interface Configuration command mode.
Table 21 "Duplex parameters" (page 78) describes the parameters for this command.
port <portlist> full | half | auto
Specifies the port numbers for which to reset the duplex mode to factory default values. Enter the port number you want to configure. The default value is autonegotiation.
If you omit this parameter, the system uses the ports you specified in the command.
Sets duplex to:
• full--full-duplex mode
• half--half-duplex mode
• auto--autonegotiation
Enabling/disabling autonegotiation for speed also enables/disables it for duplex operation.When you set the duplex mode for autonegotiation, ensure that the other side of the link is also set for autonegotiation.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.
.
System configuration with NNCLI
The command sets the duplex operation for a port to the factory default duplex value.
The syntax for the command is:
The command mode.
command is executed in the Interface Configuration
Table 22 "Default duplex parameters" (page 79) describes the parameters for this command.
port <portlist>
Specifies the port numbers to reset the duplex mode to factory default values. Enter the port numbers you want to configure. The default value is autonegotiation.
If you omit this parameter, the system uses the ports you specified in the command.
The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series is equipped with a Time
Domain Reflectometer (TDR). The TDR provides a diagnostic capability to test connected cables for defects (such as short pin and pin open). You can obtain TDR test results from NNCLI or Device Manager.
The cable diagnostic tests only apply to Ethernet copper ports; fiber ports cannot be tested.
You can initiate a test on multiple ports at the same time.
When you test a cable with the TDR, if the cable has a 10/100 MB/s link, the link is broken during the test and restored only when the test is complete. If the cable has a 10/100 MB/s link, the test results may be incomplete as the test does not test all of the pins in the connector. Use of the TDR does not affect 1 GB/s links.
Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 5000 Series
Configuration — System
NN47200-500 05.02
19 November 2009
Copyright © 2005 -2009 Nortel Networks. All Rights Reserved.

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Key features
- Stacking capabilities
- Auto Unit Replacement (AUR)
- Agent Auto Unit Replacement (AAUR)
- IPv6 management
- Power over Ethernet (PoE)
- Link Layer Discover Protocol (LLDP)
- NNCLI, Device Manager, Web-based management
- Configuration files
- ASCII configuration file
- Multiple switch configuration management