INSTEON Modem Developer`s Guide

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INSTEON Modem Developer`s Guide | Manualzz

M o d e m D e v e l o p e r ’ s G u i d e

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page i

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................ 1

INSTEON Modem Chips.............................................................................. 1

The SmartLabs Powerline Modem (PLM) ................................................... 2

Comparing the Powerline Modem (PLM) to the PowerLinc Controller (PLC)

.................................................................................................................. 2

Other Documents Included by Reference .................................................. 4

INSTEON Developer’s Guide ....................................................................... 4

INSTEON Conformance Specification ........................................................... 4

INSTEON Command Tables Document ...................................................... 4

INSTEON Device Categories and Product Keys Document............................. 4

INSTEON Modem Spec Sheets .................................................................... 5

IN2680A INSTEON Direct Powerline Modem Interface.................................. 5

IN2682A INSTEON Direct RF Modem Interface ........................................... 5

INSTEON MODEM REFERENCE ...................................................................... 6

Software Reference ................................................................................... 6

IM Serial Communication Protocol and Settings............................................. 7

IM Serial Communication Protocol ............................................................ 8

IM RS232 Port Settings........................................................................... 8

How to Quickly Start Communicating with an IM ........................................ 9

IM Power-up and Reset States...................................................................10

IM Power-up Behavior ...........................................................................10

IM Factory Reset State ..........................................................................10

IM Serial Commands ................................................................................11

IM Serial Command Summary Table ........................................................12

IM Serial Command Charts.....................................................................16

INSTEON Message Handling.................................................................17

Send INSTEON Standard or Extended Message ....................................17

INSTEON Standard Message Received ................................................20

INSTEON Extended Message Received ................................................21

Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte........................................................23

Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes................................................24

Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte .......................................................25

X10 Message Handling ........................................................................26

Send X10 .......................................................................................26

X10 Received..................................................................................27

INSTEON ALL-Link Commands .............................................................28

Send ALL-Link Command..................................................................28

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report ........................................................30

ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report.........................................................31

ALL-Linking Session Management .........................................................32

Start ALL-Linking.............................................................................32

Cancel ALL-Linking ..........................................................................33

ALL-Linking Completed.....................................................................34

ALL-Link Database Management...........................................................35

Get First ALL-Link Record .................................................................35

Get Next ALL-Link Record .................................................................36

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender.........................................................37

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page ii

ALL-Link Record Response ................................................................38

Manage ALL-Link Record ..................................................................39

IM Status Management .......................................................................41

Reset the IM...................................................................................41

User Reset Detected ........................................................................42

Get IM Configuration........................................................................43

Set IM Configuration ........................................................................44

Get IM Info.....................................................................................46

Set Host Device Category .................................................................47

RF Sleep ........................................................................................48

IM Input/Output ................................................................................49

Button Event Report ........................................................................49

LED On ..........................................................................................50

LED Off ..........................................................................................51

Hardware Reference................................................................................ 52

INSTEON Powerline Modem (PLM) Main Board .............................................53

INSTEON PLM Main Board Schematic .......................................................54

INSTEON PLM Main Board Bill of Materials ................................................55

INSTEON PLM Serial (RS232) Daughter Board .............................................57

INSTEON PLM Serial Daughter Board Schematic ........................................58

INSTEON PLM Serial Daughter Board Bill of Materials .................................59

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board................................................60

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board Schematic..............................61

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board Bill of Materials .......................62

Revision History

Release

Date

Author Description

01-30-07 PVD Abstracted from INSTEON Developers Guide.

02-12-07 PVD

02-14-07 PVD

03-01-07 PVD

03-27-07 PVD

Added daughter card sections.

Released for proofreading.

More information on the PLM, comparison to PLC.

Fixed bytecount in IM Command 0x62 Send INSTEON Standard or Extended

Message.

03-28-07 PVD

03-29-07 PVD

04-02-07 PVD

04-06-07 PVD

04-17-07 PVD

Added IM Command 0x58 ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report.

Updated explanation of IM Command 0x6F Manage ALL-Link Record.

Updated explanation of IM Commands 0x61 Send ALL-Link Command, 0x56

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report, and 0x58 ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report.

Command interrupts its own Cleanup sequence.

Corrected <X10 Flag> value in IM Commands 0x63 Send X10 and 0x52 X10

Received.

04-19-07 PVD

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page iii

Legal Information

Terms of Use

This INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide is supplied to you by SmartLabs, Inc.

(SmartLabs) in consideration of your agreement to the following terms. Your use or installation of this INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide constitutes acceptance of these terms. If you do not agree with these terms, please do not use or install this

INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide.

In consideration of your agreement to abide by the following terms, and subject to these terms, SmartLabs grants you a personal, non-exclusive license, under

SmartLabs’ intellectual property rights in this INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide, to use this INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide; provided that no license is granted herein under any patents that may be infringed by your works, modifications of works, derivative works or by other works in which the information in this INSTEON

Modem Developer’s Guide may be incorporated. No names, trademarks, service marks or logos of SmartLabs, Inc. or INSTEON may be used to endorse or promote products derived from the INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide without specific prior written permission from SmartLabs, Inc. Except as expressly stated herein, no other rights or licenses, express or implied, are granted by SmartLabs and nothing herein grants any license under any patents except claims of SmartLabs patents that cover this INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide as originally provided by SmartLabs, and only to the extent necessary to use this INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide as originally provided by SmartLabs. SmartLabs provides this INSTEON Modem

Developer’s Guide on an "AS IS" basis.

SMARTLABS MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT

LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT,

MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THIS

INSTEON MODEM DEVELOPER’S GUIDE OR ITS USE, ALONE OR IN COMBINATION

WITH ANY PRODUCT.

IN NO EVENT SHALL SMARTLABS BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT,

INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,

PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR

PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE,

REPRODUCTION, MODIFICATION AND/OR DISTRIBUTION OF THIS INSTEON MODEM

DEVELOPER’S GUIDE, HOWEVER CAUSED AND WHETHER UNDER THEORY OF

CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE,

EVEN IF SMARTLABS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Trademarks and Patents

SmartLabs, Smarthome, INSTEON, Dual Mesh, BiPHY, ALL-Link, Powerline Modem,

PowerLinc, ControLinc, LampLinc, SwitchLinc, RemoteLinc, Electronic Home

Improvement, SmartLabs Device Manager, Home Network Language, and Plug-n-Tap are trademarks of SmartLabs, Inc.

INSTEON networking technology is covered by pending U.S. and foreign patents.

Copyright

© Copyright 2005, 2007 SmartLabs, Inc. 16542 Millikan Ave., Irvine, CA 92606-

5027; 800-SMARTHOME (800-762-7846), 949-221-9200, www.smartlabsinc.com

.

All rights reserved.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 1

INTRODUCTION

INSTEON Modem Chips

INSTEON Modems (IMs) are single chips available from SmartLabs that use simple

ASCII commands over a serial port to interface to an INSTEON network. The

IN2680A INSTEON Direct Powerline Modem Interface

network via the house wiring and the

5

chip connects to an INSTEON

IN2682A INSTEON Direct RF Modem Interface

5

connects via radio. A BiPHY™ Modem that interfaces to both the powerline and radio is under development.

Developers can create INSTEON applications that run on whatever host device they choose, as long as the host can communicate serially with the IM using the RS232 serial protocol at TTL levels. A microcontroller chip is the most common choice for a host device in standalone INSTEON modules, although virtually any hardware capable of executing applications and communicating serially can use an IM to interface with an INSTEON network.

Perhaps the greatest advantage of using an IM is that you can create applications in

a development environment that you are already comfortable with. The ASCII

IM

Serial Commands

11

are relatively few in number and easy to learn, so development

cycles can be short.

As an added bonus, the easiest way to achieve INSTEON conformance for your product is to build it around an INSTEON modem, because an IM automatically handles most of the details of the INSTEON protocol for you. See the

INSTEON

Conformance Specification

4

document for the full conformance requirements.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

This INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide is for users of INSTEON Modem chips, such as the IN2680A Powerline Modem Interface or the IN2682A RF Modem Interface, and also for purchasers of the SmartLabs PowerLine Modem™ (PLM) module.

The information in this document is excepted from the

INSTEON Developer’s Guide

4

,

which purchasers of an INSTEON Software Development Kit may download from www.insteon.net

.

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 2

The main functions of an INSTEON Modem are:

• Interfacing to a host via an RS232 serial port at TTL levels.

• Interfacing to the powerline or an FSK 915 MHz radio.

• Sending and receiving INSTEON messages.

• Sending and receiving X10 messages.

• ALL-Linking to other INSTEON devices and managing an ALL-Link Database.

• Sending ALL-Link Commands and transparently handling ALL-Link Cleanups.

• Managing a SET Button and LED.

The SmartLabs Powerline Modem (PLM)

The SmartLabs Powerline Modem (PLM) is an INSTEON-to-Serial Bridge module that plugs into a power outlet and also has a serial port that you connect to your PC (an

Ethernet interface is under development). It uses an IN2680A Powerline Modem chip that offers a simple set of ASCII devices.

IM Serial Commands

11

for interacting with INSTEON

The PLM uses a daughter board to implement serial communications with the host.

Daughter boards interface to the PLM’s main board via an 8-pin connector using TTLlevel serial communications. PLMs with RS232 daughter boards are currently available, with USB and Ethernet versions under development.

You may communicate to an RS232 PLM via USB by using a USB-to-Serial adapter.

SmartLabs has found that Keyspan brand adapters, models USA-49WLC and USA-

19HS, provide excellent protocol translation and PLM compatibility.

If you wish, you may create a custom daughter board that fits within a PLM module.

You can find hardware reference designs for such custom devices in the

Hardware

Reference

52

section below. To support custom daughter boards, SmartLabs offers a

special version of the PLM with the following features:

• Uses the same case as the current PLM/PLC modules.

• Has no labeling on the front cover or rear UL label.

• Does not have UL approval.

• Does not include a daughter board.

• Includes the plastic insert for a RJ-45 jack or a blank cover.

• Uses PLM firmware with auto EEPROM detection. When no external EEPROM is detected, the PLM is limited to 31 ALL-Links.

Comparing the Powerline Modem (PLM) to the PowerLinc Controller (PLC)

The SmartLabs PowerLinc controller (PLC) module runs a downloadable SALad application that implements an interface between a host device and an INSTEON network on the powerline. SALad is a language developed specially for the PLC and other SALad-enabled INSTEON devices. If desired, the SALad application can be designed to run in standalone mode without any connection to a host.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 3

Unlike the PLC, a PLM cannot operate in standalone mode because it cannot run application programs by itself. External applications designed to work with a PLC, such as SmartLabs Device Manager (SDM), will not work with a PLM.

In summary, these are the main differences between the PLC and the PLM:

• The PLM has a simplified command set compared to the PLC.

• The PLM does not support SmartLabs Device Manager (SDM) running on a host computer.

• The PLC runs a downloadable SALad application, such as the SALad coreApp program, but the PLM cannot run applications of any kind. An embedded host on a daughter card or else an always-on external host must be available full time to run applications and manage the PLM.

• The PLM does not have an internal realtime clock.

• If fewer than 32 ALL-Links need to be supported, the PLM can run without external EEPROM. The PLC must have external EEPROM to store a downloadable

SALad program.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 4

Other Documents Included by

Reference

This INSTEON Modem Developer’s Guide contains information abstracted from the comprehensive INSTEON Developer’s Guide, 2

nd

Edition.

Although the full INSTEON Developer’s Guide is largely self-contained, there are aspects of INSTEON technology, such as listings of INSTEON Commands, INSTEON

Device Categories, and INSTEON Product Keys, that require continuous updating as developers create new INSTEON products. Accordingly, SmartLabs maintains separate documents for that kind of information.

All of the documents listed in this section are available for downloading at www.insteon.net

.

INSTEON Developer’s Guide

The book-length INSTEON Developer’s Guide, 2

nd

Edition is the primary source for the information contained in this (much shorter) INSTEON Modem Developer’s

Guide. Some links in this document refer to information found there. Developers who purchase an INSTEON Software Developer’s Kit may download the INSTEON

Developer’s Guide from www.insteon.net

.

INSTEON Conformance Specification

The INSTEON Conformance Specification identifies those aspects of INSTEON that assure interoperability with other INSTEON products. The Conformance Spec assumes that readers have already gained familiarity with INSTEON technology by reading the INSTEON Developer’s Guide.

INSTEON Command Tables Document

The current tables of INSTEON Commands are contained in a separate document titled INSTEON Command Tables, which is integral to both the INSTEON

Conformance Specification and the INSTEON Developer’s Guide.

The filename for that document is INSTEON Command Tables yyyymmddx.doc, where yyyy is the year, mm is the month, dd is the day, and x is a daily version letter beginning with a. Be sure to refer to the document with the latest date.

INSTEON Device Categories and Product

Keys Document

The current table of INSTEON Device Categories (DevCats), Subcategories

(SubCats), and INSTEON Product Keys (IPKs) is contained in a separate document titled INSTEON Device Categories and Product Keys, which is also integral to both the INSTEON Conformance Specification and the INSTEON Developer’s Guide.

The filename for that document is INSTEON DevCats and Product Keys

yyyymmddx.doc, where yyyy is the year, mm is the month, dd is the day, and x is a daily version letter beginning with a. Be sure to refer to the document with the latest date.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

INSTEON Modem Spec Sheets

Developers will find the latest specifications for INSTEON modem ICs at www.insteon.net

.

Page 5

IN2680A INSTEON Direct Powerline Modem

Interface

The IN2680A is a one-chip solution that uses the simple ASCII serial interface

documented here (see

IM Serial Commands

11

) to connect a host device or system to an INSTEON network via the powerline.

IN2682A INSTEON Direct RF Modem

Interface

The IN2682A is similar to the IN2680A Powerline Modem except that it connects to an INSTEON network via radio.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 6

INSTEON MODEM REFERENCE

Software Reference

INSTEON Modem (IM) chips and the SmartLabs PowerLine Modem™ (PLM) module offer developers a simple, robust interface to an INSTEON network. There are

currently two kinds of IM chip, the

IN2680A INSTEON Direct Powerline Modem

Interface

5

and the

IN2682A INSTEON Direct RF Modem Interface

5

. A BiPHY™ Modem

that interfaces to both the powerline and radio is under development.

INSTEON Modems provide a simpler interface to many of the low-level IBIOS Serial

Commands implemented in the SmartLabs PowerLinc Controller™ (PLC) described in the

INSTEON Developer’s Guide

4

, but they also handle ALL-Linking, ALL-Link

Database management, ALL-Link Cleanup messages, X10 powerline interfacing, and message acknowledgement. The RS232 serial interface to the host is similar to that of the PLC.

In This Section

IM Serial Communication Protocol and Settings

and a recommended terminal program.

7

Describes the serial communication protocol, the port settings for an RS232 link,

IM Power-up and Reset States

10

Explains what happens when you power up the IM or reset it.

IM Serial Commands

11

Lists the IM Serial Commands and describes what they do, in a single table and individual charts grouped by functionality.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 7

IM Serial Communication Protocol and

Settings

In This Section

IM Serial Communication Protocol

8

Gives the protocol for communicating serially with an INSTEON Modem.

IM RS232 Port Settings

8

Shows how to set up your PC’s COM (RS232) port to talk to an INSTEON Modem.

How to Quickly Start Communicating with an IM

9

Gives a recommendation for a terminal program for communicating with an

INSTEON Modem.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 8

IM Serial Communication Protocol

All INSTEON Modem (IM) Serial Commands start with ASCII 0x02 (STX, Start-of-

Text) followed by the Serial Command Number (see

IM Serial Commands

11

). What

data follows the Command depends on the Command syntax (see

IM Serial

Command Summary Table

12

and

IM Serial Command Charts

16

).

When you send a message to the IM, it will respond with an echo of the 0x02 and the

IM Command Number followed by any data that the Command returns (often just an echo of what you sent to it). The last byte it sends back will be ASCII 0x06 (ACK,

Acknowledge).

(S: and R: denote serial data you Send to or Receive from the IM, respectively.)

S:

0x02 <Command Number> <parameters>

R:

0x02 <Command Number> <any returned data> 0x06 (ACK)

If the IM is not ready, it will respond with an echo of the 0x02 and the IM Command

Number followed by ASCII 0x15 (NAK, Negative Acknowledge).

S:

0x02 <Command Number> <parameters>

R:

0x15 (NAK)

If you receive 0x15 (NAK), resend your Serial Command.

IM RS232 Port Settings

To communicate to an RS232 IM, set your PC’s COM port as follows:

Setting

Baud Rate

Value

19,200

Data Bits 8

Parity N

Stop Bits

Hardware Flow Control

1

None

Software Flow Control IM echoes bytes received from host

The IM buffers IM Commands as it receives them, so you can send a complete IM

Command without pause. To maintain compatibility with earlier IM versions, the IM will echo each byte that it receives (earlier versions of the IM used byte echoing for flow control). You can now ignore the byte echos, but in order to avoid overrunning the IM’s receive buffer, you must wait for the IM to send its response to your current

IM Command before sending a new one.

Note that there is a maximum time between IM Command bytes that you send to the

IM. If you do not send the next expected byte of an IM Command within 240 milliseconds after sending the previous one, the IM will reset its message parser and you will have to resend the message from the beginning. You can disable this

Deadman feature by setting a configuration bit (see

Set IM Configuration

44

below).

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 9

There is no flow control when the IM sends data to the host—the IM will transfer data to the host as fast as it can send it.

How to Quickly Start Communicating with an IM

No matter how your application intends to use the IM, it is important to gain a basic understanding of how it operates. SmartLabs suggests that developers use a terminal communications program and a serial connection to an IM to get started.

While there are many terminal programs for computers, SmartLabs has found good results with Docklight Scripting. An evaluation copy may be downloaded from http://www.docklight.de/ .

Docklight Scripting allows you to set up test macros and label received

IM Serial

Commands

11

for easy identification, as suggested in the following screenshot:

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 10

IM Power-up and Reset States

This section describes the

IM Power-up Behavior

10

and the

IM Factory Reset State

10

.

IM Power-up Behavior

The table below shows the state of the IM when it powers up. Holding down the SET

Button while powering up will cause a factory reset.

LED Indication

LED on steadily

LED blinks six times

LED off

Meaning

The IM detected an external EEPROM (up to 32 KB) for storage of database links.

The IM did not detect an external EEPROM, so it will use the internal EEPROM in the processor chip. A maximum of 31 ALL-Links are permitted. An attempt to add a 32 nd

ALL-Link will result in the 31 st

being erased.

The user pressed and held the IM’s SET button for 10 seconds while powering

up, causing the IM to perform a factory reset and go into the

IM Factory Reset

State

10

indications above. You will also receive a

User Reset Detected

the IM.

. At the conclusion of the reset, the IM’s LED will give one of the two

42

message from

IM Factory Reset State

Resetting the IM to its factory default condition by holding down the SET Button for ten seconds while powering it up or by sending it a

Reset the IM

into the following state:

41

Command puts it

IM Resource

ALL-Link Database

Host Device Category,

Device Subcategory,

Firmware Version

Factory Reset State

Erased (set to all zeros).

Set to the original DevCat (0x03), SubCat (0x05), and firmware version hardcoded into the IM’s firmware at the factory.

IM Configuration Flags Cleared (set to all zeros).

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 11

IM Serial Commands

The IM Serial Command set is a simple but complete interface between a host application and an INSTEON network. For example, a microcontroller in a thermostat could use an INSTEON Powerline Modem to send and receive messages to other INSTEON or X10 devices on the home’s powerline.

In this section, the IM Serial Commands are presented twice, once as a summary table, and again as a series of charts grouped by functionality.

In This Section

IM Serial Command Summary Table

Number.

12

Describes all of the IM Serial Commands in table form ordered by Command

IM Serial Command Charts

16

Describes all of the IM Serial Commands using individual charts for each

Command, grouped by functionality.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 12

IM Serial Command Summary Table

This table lists all of the Modem Serial Commands supported by INSTEON powerline or RF modem chips.

Code

Gives the hexadecimal number of the IM Serial Command. Note that IM

Commands sent by an IM to the host begin at 0x50 and IM Commands sent by the host to an IM begin at 0x60.

Command

Gives the name of the IM Serial Command as a link to the complete explanation of the Command in the

IM Serial Command Charts

16

.

Format

Gives the syntax of the IM Serial Command, including any parameters.

S: and R: denote serial data you Send to or Receive from the IM, respectively.

See

IM Serial Communication Protocol

8

for more information.

All IM Serial Commands start with ASCII 0x02 (STX, Start-of-Text) followed by the

Serial Command Number.

All fields in this table contain only one byte, except as noted.

INSTEON Modem Serial Commands

Code Command

0x50

INSTEON Standard

Message Received

20

0x51

INSTEON Extended

Message Received

21

0x52

X10 Received

27

0x53

ALL-Linking Completed

34

0x54

Button Event Report

49

Commands Sent from an IM to the Host

Format

R: 0x02 0x50

<INSTEON Standard message (9 bytes)>

R: 0x02 0x51

<INSTEON Extended message (23 bytes)>

R: 0x02 0x52

<Raw X10> <X10 Flag>

R: 0x02 0x53

<0x00 (IM is Responder) | 0x01 (IM is Controller | 0xFF Link Deleted)>

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte> <ID middle byte> <ID low byte>

<Device Category> <Device Subcategory> <0xFF | Firmware Revision>

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x02>

IM’s SET Button tapped

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x03>

IM’s SET Button held

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x04>

IM’s SET Button released after hold

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x12>

IM’s Button 2 tapped

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x13>

IM’s Button 2 held

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x14>

IM’s Button 2 released after hold

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x22>

IM’s Button 3 tapped

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 13

INSTEON Modem Serial Commands

Commands Sent from an IM to the Host

Code Command

0x61

0x62

0x63

0x64

Send ALL-Link

Command

Send INSTEON Standard or Extended Message

Send X10

28

26

Start ALL-Linking

32

17

Format

0x55

0x57

User Reset Detected

ALL-Link Record

Response

38

42

0x56

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure

Report

30

0x58

ALL-Link Cleanup Status

Report

31

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x23>

IM’s Button 3 held

R: 0x02 0x54 <0x24>

IM’s Button 3 released after hold

R: 0x02 0x55

User pushed and held IM’s SET Button on power up

R: 0x02 0x56 <0x01>

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte> <ID middle byte> <ID low byte>

R: 0x02 0x57

<ALL-Link Record Flags>

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte> <ID middle byte> <ID low byte>

<Link Data 1> <Link Data 2> <Link Data 3>

R: 0x02 0x58 <0x06>

ALL-Link Cleanup sequence completed

R: 0x02 0x58 <0x15>

ALL-Link Cleanup sequence aborted due to INSTEON traffic

Commands Sent from the Host to an IM

0x60

Get IM Info

46

S: 0x02 0x60

R: 0x02 0x60

<ID high byte> <ID middle byte> <ID low byte>

<Device Category> <Device Subcategory> < Firmware Revision>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x61

<ALL-Link Group>

<ALL-Link Command>

<0xFF | 0x00>

R: 0x02 0x61

<ALL-Link Group>

<ALL-Link Command>

<0xFF | 0x00>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x62

<INSTEON Standard message (6 bytes, excludes From Address) |

INSTEON Extended message (20 bytes, excludes From Address)>

R: 0x02 0x62

<INSTEON Standard message (6 bytes, excludes From Address) |

INSTEON Extended message (20 bytes, excludes From Address)>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x63

<Raw X10> <X10 Flag>

R: 0x02 0x63

<Raw X10> <X10 Flag>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x64

<0x00 (IM is Responder) | 0x01 (IM is Controller) |

0x03 (IM is either) | 0xFF (Link Deleted)>

<ALL-Link Group>

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 14

INSTEON Modem Serial Commands

Commands Sent from an IM to the Host

Code Command Format

0x65

0x66

0x67

0x68

0x69

Cancel ALL-Linking

Set Host Device

Category

Get First ALL-Link

Record

35

47

Reset the IM

41

Set INSTEON ACK

Message Byte

23

33

R: 0x02 0x64

<0x00 (IM is Responder) | 0x01 (IM is Controller) |

0x03 (IM is either) | 0xFF (Link Deleted)>

<ALL-Link Group>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x65

R: 0x02 0x65

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x66

<Device Category> <Device Subcategory> <0xFF | Firmware Revision>

R: 0x02 0x66

<Device Category> <Device Subcategory> <0xFF | Firmware Revision>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x67

R: 0x02 0x67

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x68

<Command 2 Data>

R: 0x02 0x68

<Command 2 Data>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x69

R: 0x02 0x69

<0x06>

0x6A

0x6B

0x6C

Get Next ALL-Link

Record

36

Set IM Configuration

Get ALL-Link Record for

Sender

37

0x6D

LED On

50

44

S: 0x02 0x6A

R: 0x02 0x6A

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x6B

<IM Configuration Flags>

R: 0x02 0x6B

<IM Configuration Flags>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x6C

R: 0x02 0x6C

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x6D

0x6E

LED Off

51

R: 0x02 0x6D

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x6E

R: 0x02 0x6E

<0x06>

0x6F

Manage ALL-Link Record

39

S: 0x02 0x6F

<Control Flags>

<ALL-Link Record Flags>

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte> <ID middle byte> <ID low byte>

<Link Data 1> <Link Data 2> <Link Data 3>

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 15

INSTEON Modem Serial Commands

Code

0x70

0x71

0x72

0x73

Command

Set INSTEON NAK

Message Byte

RF Sleep

48

25

Set INSTEON ACK

Message Two Bytes

24

Get IM Configuration

43

Commands Sent from an IM to the Host

Format

R: 0x02 0x6F

<Control Flags>

<ALL-Link Record Flags>

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte> <ID middle byte> <ID low byte>

<Link Data 1> <Link Data 2> <Link Data 3>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x70

<Command 2 Data>

R: 0x02 0x70

<Command 2 Data>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x71

<Command 1 Data>

<Command 2 Data>

R: 0x02 0x71

<Command 1 Data>

<Command 2 Data>

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x72

R: 0x02 0x72

<0x06>

S: 0x02 0x73

R: 0x02 0x73

<IM Configuration Flags>

<Spare 1>

<Spare 2>

<0x06>

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 16

IM Serial Command Charts

The following charts describe the IM Commands individually in a chart format, grouped by functionality. These are the same IM Commands as in the

IM Serial

Command Summary Table

12

, which is ordered by Command Number.

Note that IM Commands sent by an IM to the host begin at 0x50 and IM Commands sent by the host to an IM begin at 0x60. When the host sends an IM Command to an IM, the IM will respond with a message according to the

IM Serial Communication

Protocol

8

.

In This Section

INSTEON Message Handling

17

Commands for sending and receiving INSTEON messages.

X10 Message Handling

26

Commands for sending and receiving X10 messages.

INSTEON ALL-Link Commands

Cleanup Commands.

28

Commands for sending ALL-Link Commands with automatic handling of ALL-Link

ALL-Linking Session Management

32

Commands for creating ALL-Links between an IM and other INSTEON devices.

ALL-Link Database Management

35

Commands for managing ALL-Link Records in the IM’s ALL-Link Database.

IM Status Management

41

Commands for resetting and configuring the IM.

IM Input/Output

49

Commands for managing the IM’s SET Button and LED.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 17

INSTEON Message Handling

Send INSTEON Standard or Extended Message

This Command lets you send either a Standard-length or an Extended-length

INSTEON message, depending only on what kind of INSTEON message you include in the body of the Command.

Send INSTEON Standard-length Message

Send INSTEON Standard-length Message (0x62)

7

8

9

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

<Command 1>

<Command 2>

<ACK/NAK>

Allows you to send a raw Standard-length INSTEON message.

8 bytes.

9 bytes.

None.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

4

5

6

0x62

<To Address high>

<To Address middle>

<To Address low>

<Message Flags>

7

8

<Command 1>

<Command 2>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

The INSTEON message flags indicating message type and hops.

Extended Message Flag (bit 4) is 0

INSTEON Command 1 for the addressee to execute

INSTEON Command 2 for the addressee to execute

Message Returned by IM to Host

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x62

6

<To Address high>

<To Address middle>

<To Address low>

<Message Flags>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <To Address high>

Echoed <To Address middle>

Echoed <To Address low>

Echoed <Message Flags>

Extended Message Flag (bit 4) is 0

Echoed <Command 1>

Echoed <Command 2>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

Notes

The From Address is not required because the IM will automatically insert its own INSTEON ID into the message.

For more information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 18

Send INSTEON Extended-length Message

Send INSTEON Extended-length Message (0x62)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Allows you to send a raw Extended-length INSTEON message.

22 bytes.

23 bytes.

None.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

Command Sent from Host to IM

11

12

13

14

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

7

8

9

10

17

18

19

20

21

22

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x62

6

<To Address high>

<To Address middle>

<To Address low>

<Message Flags>

<Command 1>

<Command 2>

<User Data 1>

<User Data 2>

<User Data 3>

<User Data 4>

<User Data 5>

<User Data 6>

<User Data 7>

<User Data 8>

<User Data 9>

<User Data 10>

<User Data 11>

<User Data 12>

<User Data 13>

<User Data 14>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

The INSTEON message flags indicating message type and hops.

Extended Message Flag (bit 4) is 1

INSTEON Command 1 for the addressee to execute

INSTEON Command 2 for the addressee to execute

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

4

5

6

0x62

<To Address high>

<To Address middle>

<To Address low>

<Message Flags>

<Command 1>

<Command 2>

<User Data 1>

<User Data 2>

<User Data 3>

<User Data 4>

<User Data 5>

<User Data 6>

April 19, 2007

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <To Address high>

Echoed <To Address middle>

Echoed <To Address low>

Echoed <Message Flags>

Extended Message Flag (bit 4) is 1

Echoed <Command 1>

Echoed <Command 2>

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

© 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 19

20

21

22

23

15

16

17

18

19

Send INSTEON Extended-length Message (0x62)

<User Data 7>

<User Data 8>

<User Data 9>

<User Data 10>

<User Data 11>

<User Data 12>

<User Data 13>

<User Data 14>

<ACK/NAK>

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

Echoed Extended message data

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

Notes

The From Address is not required because the IM will automatically insert its own INSTEON ID into the message.

For more information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 20

INSTEON Standard Message Received

INSTEON Standard Message Received (0x50)

What it does

Informs you of an incoming Standard-length INSTEON message.

When you’ll get this

A Standard-length INSTEON message is received from either a Controller or

Responder that you are ALL-Linked to.

What you’ll get

11 bytes.

LED indication

Related Commands

The LED will blink during INSTEON reception.

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

IM 0x52 X10 Received

27

Message Sent from IM to Host

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x50

6

<From Address high>

<From Address middle>

<From Address low>

<To Address high>

7

8

9

<To Address middle>

<To Address low>

<Message Flags>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the message originator.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the message originator.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the message originator.

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

If the message is an ALL-Link Broadcast (bits 7 and 6 of the

<Message Flags> byte are set) then this will be 0.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

If the message is an ALL-Link Broadcast (bits 7 and 6 of the

<Message Flags> byte are set) then this will be 0.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

If the message is an ALL-Link Broadcast (bits 7 and 6 of the

<Message Flags> byte are set) then this will indicate the ALL-Link

Group Number.

The INSTEON message flags indicating message type and hops.

This byte contains the ALL-Link Group Number of the ALL-Link

Broadcast when either bit 6 of the <Message Flags> byte is set (ALL-

Link Cleanup) or bits 6 and 5 of the <Message Flags> byte are set

(ALL-Link Cleanup ACK).

Notes

This is the same as IM 0x51

INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

, except that there is no <User Data>.

Normally, the IM will only send the host INSTEON messages that are explicitly addressed to the IM or that

are from devices that the IM is ALL-Linked to. This behavior can be modified—see the

About Monitor

Mode

45

note in the

Set IM Configuration

44

chart for more information.

For more information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 21

INSTEON Extended Message Received

INSTEON Extended Message Received (0x51)

What it does

Informs you of an incoming Extended-length INSTEON message.

When you’ll get this

An Extended-length INSTEON message is received from either a Controller or

Responder that you are ALL-Linked to.

What you’ll get

25 bytes.

LED indication

Related Commands

The LED will blink during INSTEON reception.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x52 X10 Received

27

Message Sent from IM to Host

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x51

6

<From Address high>

<From Address middle>

<From Address low>

<To Address high>

7

8

9

<To Address middle>

<To Address low>

<Message Flags>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the message originator.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the message originator.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the message originator.

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

If the message is an ALL-Link Broadcast (bits 7 and 6 of the

<Message Flags> byte are set) then this will be 0.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

If the message is an ALL-Link Broadcast (bits 7 and 6 of the

<Message Flags> byte are set) then this will be 0.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the message addressee.

If the message is an ALL-Link Broadcast (bits 7 and 6 of the

<Message Flags> byte are set) then this will indicate the ALL-Link

Group Number.

The INSTEON message flags indicating message type and hops.

17

18

19

20

21

22

12

13

14

15

16

23

24

25

<User Data 1>

<User Data 2>

<User Data 3>

<User Data 4>

<User Data 5>

<User Data 6>

<User Data 7>

<User Data 8>

<User Data 9>

<User Data 10>

<User Data 11>

<User Data 12>

<User Data 13>

<User Data 14>

This byte contains the ALL-Link Group Number of the ALL-Link

Broadcast when either bit 6 of the <Message Flags> byte is set (ALL-

Link Cleanup) or bits 6 and 5 of the <Message Flags> byte are set

(ALL-Link Cleanup ACK).

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

Extended message data

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 22

INSTEON Extended Message Received (0x51)

Notes

This is the same as IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

<User Data>.

, except that there are 14 bytes of

Normally, the IM will only send the host INSTEON messages that are explicitly addressed to the IM or that

are from devices that the IM is ALL-Linked to. This behavior can be modified—see the

About Monitor

Mode

45

note in the

Set IM Configuration

44

chart for more information.

For more information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 23

Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte

Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte (0x68)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x68

<Command 2 Data>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Data byte to place into the Command 2 field of the ACK response.

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1

2

3

4

0x02

0x68

<Command 2 Data>

<ACK/NAK>

Allows you to put one byte of data into the Command 2 field of the INSTEON

ACK message that the INSTEON Engine automatically sends after it receives an

INSTEON Direct message.

3 bytes.

4 bytes.

None.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

IM 0x71 Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes

24

IM 0x70 Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte

25

Command Sent from Host to IM

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Command 2 Data>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred.

Notes

You have only about 15 milliseconds after the receipt of an INSTEON Direct message from the IM to send this Command to the IM. The reason is that the INSTEON Engine in the IM automatically sends

Acknowledgement messages in assigned timeslots.

Use

Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes

message.

24

when you need to return two bytes of data in an ACK

Use

Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte

25

when you need to return one byte of data in a NAK message.

Certain INSTEON Direct Commands require returned data in the Acknowledgement message. For more

information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON

Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 24

Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes

Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes (0x71)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Allows you to put two bytes of data into the combined Command 1 and

Command 2 fields of the INSTEON ACK message that the INSTEON Engine automatically sends after it receives an INSTEON Direct message.

4 bytes.

5 bytes.

None.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

IM 0x68 Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte

23

IM 0x70 Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte

25

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1

2

3

4

0x02

0x71

<Command 1 Data>

<Command 2 Data>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Data byte to place into the Command 1 field 2 of the ACK response.

Data byte to place into the Command 2 field 2 of the ACK response.

Message Returned by IM to Host

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x71

<Command 1 Data>

<Command 2 Data>

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Command 1 Data>

Echoed <Command 2 Data>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred.

Notes

You have only about 15 milliseconds after the receipt of an INSTEON Direct message from the IM to send this Command to the IM. The reason is that the INSTEON Engine in the IM automatically sends

Acknowledgement messages in assigned timeslots.

Use

Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte

23

when you only need to return one byte of data in an ACK message.

Use

Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte

25

when you need to return one byte of data in a NAK message.

Certain INSTEON Direct Commands require returned data in the Acknowledgement message. For more

information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON

Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 25

Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte

Set INSTEON NAK Message Byte (0x70)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Allows you to change the INSTEON ACK message that the INSTEON Engine automatically sends after it receives an INSTEON Direct message into a NAK message, and to put one byte of data into the Command 2 field of that message.

3 bytes.

4 bytes.

None.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

IM 0x68 Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte

23

IM 0x70 Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes

24

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

0x70

<Command 2 Data>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Data byte to place into the Command 2 field of the ACK response.

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

4

0x70

<Command 2 Data>

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Command 2 Data>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred.

Notes

You have only about 15 milliseconds after the receipt of an INSTEON Direct message from the IM to send this Command to the IM. The reason is that the INSTEON Engine in the IM automatically sends

Acknowledgement messages in assigned timeslots.

Use

Set INSTEON ACK Message Byte

23

or

Set INSTEON ACK Message Two Bytes

24

when you need to return

one or two bytes of data in an ACK message.

NAK messages report certain error conditions in a receiving device. See NAK Error Codes in the

INSTEON

Developer’s Guide

4

for more information.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 26

X10 Message Handling

Send X10

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Send X10 (0x63)

Allows you to send a raw X10 Address or X10 Command.

4 bytes.

5 bytes.

None.

IM 0x52 X10 Received

27

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x63

3 <Raw X10>

4 <X10 Flag>

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

4

5

0x63

<Raw X10>

<X10 Flag>

<ACK/NAK>

4-bit

Code

0x6

4 MSBs of <Raw X10>

X10 House Code

A

0xE B

0x2 C

0xA D

0x1 E

0x9 F

0x5 G

0xD H

0x7 I

0xF J

0x3 K

0xB L

0x0 M

0x8 N

0x4 O

0xC P

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The four most significant bits contain the X10 House Code.

The four least significant bits contain the X10 Key Code.

0x00 indicates that the X10 Key Code is an X10 Unit Code.

0x80 indicates that the X10 Key Code is an X10 Command.

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Raw X10>

Echoed <X10 Flag>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

X10 Translation Table

X10 Unit Code

<X10 Flag> = 0x00

1

4 LSBs of <Raw X10>

X10 Command

<X10 Flag> = 0x80

All Lights Off

2

3

4

Status = Off

On

All Lights On 5

6

7

8

9

10

Bright

Status = On

11

12

13

14

15

16

Off

Dim

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 27

X10 Received

4-bit

Code

0x6

4 MSBs of <Raw X10>

X10 House Code

A

0xE B

0x2 C

0xA D

0x1 E

0x9 F

0x5 G

0xD H

0x7 I

0xF J

0x3 K

0xB L

0x0 M

0x8 N

0x4 O

0xC P

X10 Received (0x52)

What it does

Informs you of an X10 byte detected on the powerline.

When you’ll get this

Any X10 traffic is detected on the powerline.

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

4 bytes.

The LED will blink during X10 reception.

IM 0x63 Send X10

26

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

Message Sent from IM to Host

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x52

<Raw X10>

4 <X10 Flag>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The four most significant bits contain the X10 House Code.

The four least significant bits contain the X10 Key Code.

0x00 indicates that the X10 Key Code is an X10 Unit Code.

0x80 indicates that the X10 Key Code is an X10 Command.

X10 Translation Table

X10 Unit Code

<X10 Flag> = 0x00

1

4 LSBs of <Raw X10>

X10 Command

<X10 Flag> = 0x80

All Lights Off

2

3

4

Status = Off

On

All Lights On 5

6

7

8

9

10

Bright

Status = On

11

12

13

14

15

16

Off

Dim

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 28

INSTEON ALL-Link Commands

Send ALL-Link Command

Send ALL-Link Command (0x61)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Sends an ALL-Link Command to an ALL-Link Group of one or more Responders that the IM is ALL-Linked to.

5 bytes.

6 bytes for the echo of the Command and then an additional 11 bytes in an

INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

message for each device in the group

that acknowledges ALL-Link Cleanup, or 7 bytes in an

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure

Report

30

message for each device in the group that does not acknowledge ALL-

Link Cleanup.

None.

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x56 ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report

30

IM 0x58 ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

31

Command Sent from Host to IM

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x61

<ALL-Link Group>

<ALL-Link Command>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

ALL-Link Group Number that the ALL-Link Command is sent to

ALL-Link Command

<Broadcast Command 2> Sent in the Command 2 field of the ALL-Link Broadcast message only. Command 2 will always contain the ALL-Link Group Number for the ALL-Link Cleanup messages that follow.

Message Returned by IM to Host

4

5

6

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x61

<ALL-Link Group>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <ALL-Link Group>

<ALL-Link Command> Echoed <ALL-Link Command>

<Broadcast Command 2> Echoed <Broadcast Command 2>

<ACK/NAK> 0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred or the group does not exist

Notes

The IM automatically sends ALL-Link Cleanup messages to each member of an ALL-Link Group following an ALL-Link Broadcast message. If the IM detects other INSTEON traffic during this process, it will abort the ALL-Link Cleanup sequence and send you an

ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

31

were added to the ALL-Link Database. If the IM finishes sending all of the Cleanup messages, it will send

you an

ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

31

with a Status Byte of 0x06 (ACK).

with a Status Byte of

0x15 (NAK). The Cleanup sequence proceeds in the order in which the devices in the ALL-Link Group

For each ALL-Link Cleanup message that the IM sends, you will either receive an

INSTEON Standard

Message Received

20

when the Responder answers with a Cleanup acknowledgement message, or else you

will receive an

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report

30

if the Responder fails to answer with a Cleanup acknowledgement message. The IM will send you an

ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

31

whether or not

every ALL-Link Group member acknowledges the Cleanup Command that the IM sends to it.

You can cause the IM to cancel its own Cleanup sequence by sending it a new

or

Send INSTEON Standard or Extended Message

31

in those cases.

17

Send ALL-Link Command

28

during the time that it is sending a Cleanup sequence

(i.e. after it has finished sending an ALL-Link Broadcast message). The IM will send you an

ALL-Link

Cleanup Status Report

The IM first sends an ALL-Link Broadcast message with Max Hops set to 3. When it sends the ensuing

ALL-Link Cleanup messages, it sets Max Hops to 1. If the IM’s INSTEON Engine needs to retry a Cleanup message, it will automatically increment Max Hops for each retry, up to a maximum of value of 3.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 29

Send ALL-Link Command (0x61)

The IM sends the ALL-Link Broadcast message immediately if there is no other INSTEON traffic. If there is other INSTEON traffic, the IM will wait for one silent powerline zero crossing following a completed

INSTEON message. The IM will send the first ALL-Link Cleanup message after a delay of 7 zero crossings.

Subsequent Cleanups will go out with a delay of 2 zero crossings.

Do not use this command to control light levels with the Light Start Manual Change INSTEON Command

SA 0x17. Use

Send INSTEON Standard-length Message

17

to send INSTEON Command SD 0x17 instead.

For more information on INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON Command Tables Document

4

from

www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 30

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report (0x56)

What it does

Reports that an ALL-Link Group member did not acknowledge an ALL-Link

Cleanup Command.

When you’ll get this

An ALL-Link Group member that you are trying to control did not acknowledge the ALL-Link Cleanup Command sent by the IM.

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

7 bytes.

None.

IM 0x58 ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

31

Message Sent from IM to Host

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x56

0x01

4

5

6

7

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte>

<ID middle byte>

<ID low byte>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Indicates that this ALL-Link Group member did not acknowledge an

ALL-Link Cleanup Command.

Indicates the ALL-Link Group Number that was sent in the ALL-Link

Cleanup Command.

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the device that did not respond.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the device that did not respond.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the device that did not respond.

Notes

The IM automatically sends ALL-Link Cleanup messages to each member of an ALL-Link Group following an ALL-Link Broadcast message. If the IM detects other INSTEON traffic during this process, it will abort the ALL-Link Cleanup sequence. If the Cleanup sequence is aborted, you will not receive this message nor will you receive a Cleanup acknowldgement message for any subsequent devices in the ALL-Link Group.

The Cleanup sequence proceeds in the order in which the devices in the ALL-Link Group were added to the

ALL-Link Database.

For each ALL-Link Cleanup message the IM sends, you will either receive an

INSTEON Standard Message

Received

20

when the Responder sends you an ACK, or you will receive this message. However, it can take awhile before you receive this message. Worst case, if the IM has to wait for a clear line and then retries the Cleanup message for the maximum of five times, the wait will be 2.150 seconds after sending the

ALL-Link Broadcast message, or 1.550 seconds after receiving the first Cleanup acknowledgement or this message. If the Cleanup sequence was aborted due to other INSTEON traffic, you will not get this

message even then. However, you will receive

ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

0x15 (NAK) indicating that the Cleanup sequence was aborted.

31

with a Status Byte of

It is possible that this ALL-Link Group member did in fact properly receive the ALL-Link Broadcast message that preceded the ALL-Link Cleanup message.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report

ALL-Link Cleanup Status Report (0x58)

What it does

LED indication

Related Commands

Notifies you if a

Send ALL-Link Command

28

completed with all Cleanup messages

sent, or else if Cleanups were interrupted due to other INSTEON traffic.

When you’ll get this

After you issue a

Send ALL-Link Command

28

and the IM finishes sending

Cleanups to all members of the ALL-Link Group, or else when the Cleanup sequence is aborted due to other INSTEON traffic.

What you’ll get

3 bytes.

None.

IM 0x61 Send ALL-Link Command

28

IM 0x56 ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report

30

Message Sent from IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x58

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

<0x06> (ASCII ACK) The ALL-Link Command sequence initiated previously using

Send ALL-Link Command

28

completed. The IM first sent an ALL-Link Broadcast message, followed by ALL-Link Cleanup messages sent to all members of the specified ALL-Link Group. If any member of the ALL-Link Group does not return a Cleanup acknowledgement, you will receive an

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure

Report

30

from that member.

<0x15> (ASCII NAK) The ALL-Link Command sequence initiated previously using

Send ALL-Link Command

28

terminated before the IM sent ALL-Link Cleanup messages to all members of the specified ALL-

Link Group. This is normal behavior when the IM detects INSTEON traffic from other devices.

Notes

The IM automatically sends ALL-Link Cleanup messages to each member of an ALL-Link Group following an ALL-Link Broadcast message. If the IM detects other INSTEON traffic during this process, it will abort the ALL-Link Cleanup sequence and send you this message with a Status Byte of 0x15 (NAK). The

Cleanup sequence proceeds in the order in which the devices in the ALL-Link Group were added to the

ALL-Link Database. If the IM finishes sending all of the Cleanup messages, it will send you this message with a Status Byte of 0x06 (ACK).

For each ALL-Link Cleanup message that the IM sends, you will either receive an

INSTEON Standard

Message Received

20

when the Responder answers with a Cleanup acknowledgement message, or else you

will receive an

ALL-Link Cleanup Failure Report

30

if the Responder fails to answer with a Cleanup acknowledgement message. The IM will send you this message whether or not every ALL-Link Group member acknowledges the Cleanup Command that the IM sends to it.

You can cause the IM to cancel its own Cleanup sequence by sending it a new

or

Send INSTEON Standard or Extended Message

17

Send ALL-Link Command

28

(i.e. after it has finished sending an ALL-Link Broadcast message). The IM will send you this message in those cases.

during the time that it is sending a Cleanup sequence

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 32

ALL-Linking Session Management

Start ALL-Linking

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Start ALL-Linking (0x64)

Puts the IM into ALL-Linking mode without using the SET Button.

4 bytes.

5 bytes for this Command response and then an additional 10 bytes in an

ALL-

Linking Completed

34

message once a successful ALL-Link has been established.

The LED will blink continuously at a rate of ½ second on and ½ second off until the ALL-Link is completed or canceled.

IM 0x53 ALL-Linking Completed

34

IM 0x65 Cancel ALL-Linking

33

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x64

4 <ALL-Link Group>

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x64

3 <Code>

4 <ALL-Link Group>

5 <ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

The type of ALL-Link to establish.

0x00 ALL-Links the IM as a Responder (slave).

0x01 ALL-Links the IM as a Controller (master).

0x03 ALL-Links the IM as a Controller when the IM initiates ALL-

Linking, or as a Responder when another device initiates

ALL-Linking.

0xFF Deletes the ALL-Link.

The ALL-Link Group Number to be linked to or deleted.

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <ALL-Link Group>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 33

Cancel ALL-Linking

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Cancel ALL-Linking (0x65)

Cancels the ALL-Linking process that was started either by holding down the

IM’s SET Button or by sending a

Start ALL-Linking

32

Command to the IM.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

The LED will stop blinking.

IM 0x64 Start ALL-Linking

32

IM 0x54 Button Event Report

49

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x65

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x65

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 34

ALL-Linking Completed

ALL-Linking Completed (0x53)

What it does

Informs you of a successful ALL-Linking procedure.

When you’ll get this

An ALL-Linking procedure has been completed between the IM and either a

Controller or Responder.

What you’ll get

10 bytes.

LED indication

Related Commands

None.

IM 0x64 Start ALL-Linking

32

IM 0x65 Cancel ALL-Linking

33

Message Sent from IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x53

3 <Link Code>

4

5

6

7

8

9

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte>

<ID middle byte>

<ID low byte>

<Device Category>

<Device Subcategory>

|

Version>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Indicates the type of link made.

0x00 means the IM is a Responder (slave) to this device

0x01 means the IM is a Controller (master) of this device

0xFF means the ALL-Link to the device was deleted

If done manually (by pushing the SET Button) the Controller /

Responder relationship between the IM and the device is determined automatically. You can assign the Controller / Responder

relationship unconditionally by using the

Start ALL-Linking

Command.

32

Indicates the ALL-Link Group Number that was assigned to this link.

If done manually (by pushing the SET Button) the ALL-Link Group

Number is automatically assigned by the IM. You can assign ALL-

Link Group Numbers unconditionally by using the

Start ALL-Linking

32

Command.

The high byte of the INSTEON ID of the device that was ALL-Linked.

The middle byte of the INSTEON ID of the device that was ALL-

Linked.

The low byte of the INSTEON ID of the device that was ALL-Linked.

The Device Category (DevCat) of the Responder device that was

ALL-Linked.

(Only valid when the IM is a Controller)

The Device Subcategory (SubCat) of the Responder device that was

ALL-Linked.

(Only valid when the IM is a Controller)

0xFF for newer devices.

For legacy devices this is the firmware version of the Responder device that was ALL-Linked.

(Only valid when the IM is a Controller)

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 35

ALL-Link Database Management

Get First ALL-Link Record

Get First ALL-Link Record (0x69)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Byte Value

1

2

0x02

0x69

Returns the first record in the IM’s ALL-Link Database. The data will follow in an

ALL-Link Record Response

38

message.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

None.

IM 0x57 ALL-Link Record Response

38

IM 0x6A

Get Next ALL-Link Record

36

IM 0x6C

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender

37

Command Sent from Host to IM

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

0x69

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if an

ALL-Link Record Response

38

follows

0x15 (NAK) if the database is empty.

Note

Use this to begin scanning the IM’s ALL-Link Database. Follow up with

Get Next ALL-Link Record

36

Commands until you receive a NAK.

In the

IM Factory Reset State

10

the ALL-Link Database will be cleared, so you will receive a NAK.

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Page 36

Get Next ALL-Link Record

Get Next ALL-Link Record (0x6A)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Returns the next record in the IM’s ALL-Link Database. The data will follow in an

ALL-Link Record Response

38

message.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

None.

IM 0x57 ALL-Link Record Response

38

IM 0x69 Get First ALL-Link Record

35

IM 0x6C

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender

37

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x6A

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x6A

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if an

ALL-Link Record Response

38

follows

0x15 (NAK) if there are no more records.

Note

Use this to continue scanning the IM’s ALL-Link Database until you receive a NAK. Begin the scan up with

a

Get First ALL-Link Record

35

Command.

In the

IM Factory Reset State

10

the ALL-Link Database will be cleared, so you will receive a NAK.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 37

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender (0x6C)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Byte Value

1

2

0x02

0x6C

This gets the record from the IM’s ALL-Link Database for the last INSTEON message received from an INSTEON device that is in the IM’s ALL-Link

Database. The data will follow in an

ALL-Link Record Response

38

message.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

None.

IM 0x57 ALL-Link Record Response

38

IM 0x69 Get First ALL-Link Record

35

IM 0x6A

Get Next ALL-Link Record

36

Command Sent from Host to IM

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

0x6C

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if an

ALL-Link Record Response

38

follows

0x15 (NAK) if the last INSTEON message received had a From

Address not in the IM’s ALL-Link Database.

Note

If you send this after receiving an INSTEON message from an INSTEON device that is not in the IM’s ALL-

Link Database, you will receive a NAK in response.

Sending a

Get Next ALL-Link Record

36

Command after this will return the ALL-Link Record that follows this

one, but your actual position within the ALL-Link Database will be unknown (unless you are at the end).

In the

IM Factory Reset State

10

the ALL-Link Database will be cleared, so you will receive a NAK.

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Page 38

ALL-Link Record Response

ALL-Link Record Response (0x57)

What it does

Provides a record from the IM’s ALL-Link Database.

When you’ll get this

You get this when you have requested it, in response to a

Get First ALL-Link

Record

35

a

Get Next ALL-Link Record

Command.

36

, or a

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender

37

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

10 bytes.

None.

IM 0x69 Get First ALL-Link Record

35

IM 0x6A

Get Next ALL-Link Record

36

IM 0x6C

Get ALL-Link Record for Sender

37

Message Sent from IM to Host

7

8

9

4

5

6

10

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x57

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

<ALL-Link Record Flags> ALL-Link Database control flags for this ALL-Link Record

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte>

<ID middle byte>

<ID low byte>

<Link Data 1>

<Link Data 2>

<Link Data 3>

ALL-Link Group Number for this ALL-Link Record

INSTEON ID high byte for device ALL-Linked to

INSTEON ID middle byte for device ALL-Linked to

INSTEON ID low byte for device ALL-Linked to

Link Information (varies by device ALL-Linked to)

Link Information (varies by device ALL-Linked to)

Link Information (varies by device ALL-Linked to)

Note

See the section INSTEON All-Link Database in the

INSTEON Developer’s Guide

contents of an ALL-Link Record.

4

for details about the

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Manage ALL-Link Record

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 39

Manage ALL-Link Record (0x6F)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Updates the IM’s ALL-Link Database with the ALL-Link Record information you send. Use caution with this Command—the IM does not check the validity of the data.

11 bytes.

12 bytes.

None.

IM 0x57 ALL-Link Record Response

38

Command Sent from Host to IM

7

8

9

4

5

6

10

11

Byte

1

2

Value

0x02

0x6F

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

What to do with the ALL-Link Record

0x00 Does an ALL-Link Record exist for this ID + ALL-Link Group?

You will receive an ACK at the end of the returned message if the ALL-Link Record exists, or else a NAK if it doesn’t. If the record exists, the IM will return it in an

ALL-Link Record

Response

38

message.

0x01 Search for the next ALL-Link Record following the one found using Control Code 0x00 above. This allows you to find both

Controller and Responder records for a given ID + ALL-Link

Group. Be sure to use the same ID + ALL-Link Group (bytes

5 – 8) as you used for Control Code 0x00.

You will receive an ACK at the end of the returned message if the ALL-Link Record exists, or else a NAK if it doesn’t. If the record exists, the IM will return it in an

ALL-Link Record

Response

38

message.

0x20 Update existing or else add new ALL-Link Record

0x40 Update existing or else add new Controller (master) ALL-

Link Record

0x41 Update existing or else add new Responder (slave) ALL-Link

Record

0x80 Delete ALL-Link Record

<ALL-Link Record Flags> ALL-Link Database control flags for this ALL-Link Record

<ALL-Link Group> ALL-Link Group Number for this ALL-Link Record

<ID high byte> INSTEON ID high byte for device ALL-Linked to

<ID middle byte>

<ID low byte>

<Link Data 1>

<Link Data 2>

<Link Data 3>

INSTEON ID middle byte for device ALL-Linked to

INSTEON ID low byte for device ALL-Linked to

Link Information: varies by device ALL-Linked to

Link Information: varies by device ALL-Linked to

Link Information: varies by device ALL-Linked to

Message Returned by IM to Host

5

6

7

8

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

4

0x6F

<Control Code>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Control Code>

<ALL-Link Record Flags> Echoed <ALL-Link Record Flags>

<ALL-Link Group>

<ID high byte>

<ID middle byte>

<ID low byte>

Echoed <ALL-Link group>

Echoed <ID high byte>

Echoed <ID middle byte>

Echoed <ID low byte>

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 40

9

10

11

12

<Link Data 1>

<Link Data 2>

<Link Data 3>

<ACK/NAK>

Manage ALL-Link Record (0x6F)

Echoed <Link Data 1>

Echoed <Link Data 2>

Echoed <Link Data 3>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred or the ALL-Link Record doesn’t exist.

Notes

See the section INSTEON All-Link Database in the

INSTEON Developer’s Guide

contents of an ALL-Link Record.

4

for details about the

Please be aware that you can damage the IM’s ALL-Link Database if you misuse this Command. For instance, if you zero the <ALL-Link Record Flags> byte in the first ALL-Link Record, the ALL-Link Database will then appear empty.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 41

IM Status Management

Reset the IM

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Reset the IM (0x67)

Puts the IM into the

IM Factory Reset State

Database.

10

, which clears the entire ALL-Link

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

While the reset procedure is being processed, the Status LED will turn off. At the conclusion of the reset procedure, the Status LED will illuminate steadily.

IM 0x55 User Reset Detected

42

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x67

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x67

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

Notes

The IM will send the <ACK/NAK> byte after it erases the EEPROM.

~20 seconds for models with external EEPROM

~2 seconds for models with no external EEPROM

See the

IM Factory Reset State

10

Command.

section for complete information on the state of the IM after sending this

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 42

User Reset Detected

User Reset Detected (0x55)

What it does

Reports that the user manually put the IM into the

IM Factory Reset State

10

.

When you’ll get this

The user held down the IM’s SET Button for at least 10 seconds when power was first applied.

What you’ll get

2 bytes (not until about 20 seconds after applying power to the IM with the SET

Button held down).

LED indication

Related Commands

The LED will turn off for about 20 seconds. Once the LED turns back on the reset is complete.

IM 0x67 Reset the IM

41

Message Sent from IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x55

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Notes

The IM will send this message after it erases the EEPROM.

~20 seconds for models with external EEPROM

~2 seconds for models with no external EEPROM

See the

IM Factory Reset State

10

this message.

section for complete information on the state of the IM after receiving

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 43

Get IM Configuration

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Get IM Configuration (0x73)

Returns the IM’s Configuration Flags byte. Also returns two spare bytes of data reserved for future use.

2 bytes.

6 bytes.

None.

IM 0x6B

Set IM Configuration

44

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x73

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

4

5

6

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x73

Meaning

<IM Configuration Flags>

IM’s Configuration Flags. See

Set IM Configuration

<Spare 1>

<Spare 2>

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number definitions.

0x00, reserved for future use

0x00, reserved for future use

44

for bit

<ACK/NAK> 0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

Note

Because

Set IM Configuration

44

sets all of the <IM Configuration Flags> at once, to change an individual bit, first use this Command to determine the current state of all of the <IM Configuration Flags>.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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Page 44

Set IM Configuration

Set IM Configuration (0x6B)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Allows you change operating parameters of the IM.

3 bytes.

4 bytes.

None.

IM 0x73 Get IM Configuration

43

IM 0x54 Button Event Report

49

IM 0x50 INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

IM 0x51 INSTEON Extended Message Received

21

IM 0x6D

LED On

50

IM 0x6E LED Off

51

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x6B

<IM Configuration Flags>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Flag byte containing Configuration Flags that affect IM operation.

These all default to 0.

Bit 7 = 1 Disables automatic linking when the user pushes and holds the SET Button (see

Button Event Report

49

).

Bit 6 = 1 Puts the IM into Monitor Mode (see

About Monitor

Mode

45

in the Notes below).

Bit 5 = 1 Disables automatic LED operation by the IM. The host must now control the IM’s LED using

LED On

Off

51

.

50

and

LED

Bit 4 = 1 Disable host communications Deadman feature (i.e. allow host to delay more than 240 milliseconds between

sending bytes to the IM). See

IM RS232 Port Settings

8

.

Bits 3 - 0 Reserved for internal use. Set these bits to 0.

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

3

4

0x6B

<IM Configuration Flags>

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <IM Configuration Flags>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred.

Notes

When the IM is in the

IM Factory Reset State

10

, the <IM Configuration Flags> will all be set to zero.

This Command sets all of the <IM Configuration Flags> at once. To change an individual bit, first use

Get

IM Configuration

43

to determine the current state of all of the <IM Configuration Flags>.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 45

Set IM Configuration (0x6B)

About Monitor Mode

Normally, the IM will only send the host an

INSTEON Standard Message Received

20

Message Received

21

There are three possibilities:

or

INSTEON Extended

notification when it receives an INSTEON messages directed specifically to the IM.

1. The IM received a Direct message with a To Address matching the IM’s INSTEON ID,

2. The IM received an ALL-Link Broadcast message sent to an ALL-Link Group that the IM belongs to as a Responder (i.e. the message’s From Address and ALL-Link Group Number match a

Responder entry in the IM’s ALL-Link Database), or

3. The IM received an ALL-Link Cleanup message with a To Address matching the IM’s INSTEON ID and the message’s From Address and ALL-Link Group Number match a Responder entry in the

IM’s ALL-Link Database.

In Monitor Mode, the IM will also notify the host of received INSTEON messages that contain a From

Address matching any INSTEON ID in the IM’s ALL-Link Database, even if the To Address does not match the IM’s INSTEON ID or the IM does not belong to an ALL-Link Group associated with the message. In other words, if the message originator is in the IM’s ALL-Link Database as either a Controller or

Responder, the IM will pass the message to the host even if it is not specifically directed to the IM. In this way you can monitor messages between other INSTEON devices as long as the sender is in the IM’s ALL-

Link Database.

Please be aware that the IM may not always detect this traffic. If the message originator and addressee are close to one another and the IM is farther away, the message originator may not cause the message to hop enough times for the IM to hear it. To know for sure what an INSTEON device’s status is, you can usually query it directly using an appropriate INSTEON Direct Command. For more information on

INSTEON Commands and the latest Command set, please download the current

INSTEON Command

Tables Document

4

from www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 46

Get IM Info

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Get IM Info (0x60)

Identifies the IM’s 3 byte INSTEON ID, Device Category (DevCat), Device

Subcategory (SubCat), and firmware version.

2 bytes.

9 bytes.

None.

IM 0x66 Set Host Device Category

47

IM 0x73 Get IM Configuration

43

IM 0x6B

Set IM Configuration

44

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x60

7

8

9

4

5

6

Byte Value

1

2

3

0x02

0x60

<ID high byte>

<ID middle byte>

<ID low byte>

<Device Category>

<Device Subcategory>

<Firmware Version>

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

IM’s INSTEON ID high byte

IM’s INSTEON ID middle byte

IM’s INSTEON ID low byte

IM’s Device Category

IM’s Device Subcategory

IM’s Firmware Version

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

Note

Using the

Set Host Device Category

47

Command to change the host’s DevCat and SubCat will only affect the data transmitted by the IM to other INSTEON devices during ALL-Linking.

When the host sends this Command to the IM, the IM will return the original DevCat, SubCat and firmware version hard-coded into the IM’s firmware at the factory.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 47

Set Host Device Category

Set Host Device Category (0x66)

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Lets you set the Device Category (DevCat) and Device Subcategory (SubCat) of the host device connected to the IM.

5 bytes.

6 bytes.

None.

IM 0x60 Get IM Info

46

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x66

3 <Device Category>

4 <Device Subcategory>

|

Version>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

INSTEON Device Category (DevCat) of the host device connected to the IM.

INSTEON Device Subcategory (SubCat) of the host device connected to the IM.

0xFF

In legacy devices this byte represented a BCD-encoded firmware version. The high nibble (4 bits) gave the major revision number and the low nibble gave the minor revision.

In current devices use the INSTEON Product Data Request and

Product Data Response Commands to retrieve the firmware version as user-defined data.

Message Returned by IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x66

3

4

<Device Category>

<Device Subcategory>

|

Version>

6 <ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Device Category>

Echoed <Device Subcategory>

Echoed <0xFF> or <Firmware Version>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred

Notes

For INSTEON compliance, you must obtain an approved DevCat and SubCat assignment for your host product from SmartLabs.

The IM stores these values in EEPROM so they will not be erased if power is lost.

When the IM is in the

IM Factory Reset State

10

firmware at the factory.

, these values will be set to those hard-coded into the IM’s

Using this Command to change the host’s DevCat and SubCat will only affect the data transmitted by the

IM to other INSTEON devices during ALL-Linking.

When the host sends a

Get IM Info

46

Command to the IM, the IM will return the original DevCat, SubCat

and firmware version hard-coded into the IM’s firmware at the factory.

For the latest list of assigned INSTEON DevCats, please download the

INSTEON Device Categories and

Product Keys Document

4

from www.insteon.net

.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 48

RF Sleep

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

RF Sleep (0x72)

Directs an RF IM to go into power saving sleep mode. To wake up the RF IM, send it one byte of serial data.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

None.

None.

Command Sent from Host to IM

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x71

3

4

<Command 1 Data>

<Command 2 Data>

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Data byte to place into the Command 1 field 2 of the ACK response.

Data byte to place into the Command 2 field 2 of the ACK response.

Message Returned by IM to Host

3

4

5

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x71

<Command 1 Data>

<Command 2 Data>

<ACK/NAK>

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

Echoed <Command 1 Data>

Echoed <Command 2 Data>

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred.

Notes

It does not matter what byte you send serially to wake up the RF IM.

When the RF IM wakes up, it will reinitialize, but memory will not be altered as it would be in the

IM

Factory Reset State

Commands.

10

. Wait a minimum of 40 milliseconds before sending any further IM Serial

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 49

IM Input/Output

Button Event Report

Button Event Report (0x54)

What it does

Reports user SET Button events.

When you’ll get this

The user operates the SET Button, or if they exist, Button 2 or Button 3.

What you’ll get

3 bytes.

LED indication

Related Commands

If the event is SET Button Press and Hold the IM will automatically go into ALL-

Linking mode which will cause the LED to blink continuously at a rate of ½ second on and ½ second off. Automatic linking may be turned off by setting IM

Configuration Flags bit 7 (see

Set IM Configuration

44

).

IM 0x53 ALL-Linking Completed

34

IM 0x64 Start ALL-Linking

32

IM 0x65 Cancel ALL-Linking

33

Message Sent from IM to Host

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x54

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Indicates the type of SET Button event that occurred.

0x02 The SET Button was Tapped

0x03 There was a SET Button Press and Hold for more than three seconds.

This automatically puts the IM into ALL-Linking mode unless

IM Configuration Flags bit 7 is set.

0x04 The SET Button was released after a SET Button Press and

Hold event was recorded.

0x12 Button 2 was Tapped

0x13 There was a Button 2 Press and Hold for more than three seconds.

0x14 Button 2 was released after a Button 2 Press and Hold event was recorded.

0x22 Button 3 was Tapped

0x23 There was a Button 3 Press and Hold for more than three seconds.

0x24 Button 3 was released after a Button 3 Press and Hold event was recorded.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 50

LED On

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x6D

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x6D

3 <ACK/NAK>

LED On (0x6D)

Turns on the IM’s LED if IM Configuration Flags bit 5 = 1.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

The LED will go on.

IM 0x6B

Set IM Configuration

44

IM 0x6E LED Off

51

Command Sent from Host to IM

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred or IM Configuration Flags bit 5 = 0.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 51

LED Off

What it does

What you send

What you’ll get

LED indication

Related Commands

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x6E

Byte Value

1 0x02

2

0x6E

3 <ACK/NAK>

LED Off (0x6E)

Turns off the IM’s LED if IM Configuration Flags bit 5 = 1.

2 bytes.

3 bytes.

The LED will go off.

IM 0x6B

Set IM Configuration

44

IM 0x6D

LED On

50

Command Sent from Host to IM

Meaning

Start of IM Command

IM Command Number

Message Returned by IM to Host

Meaning

Echoed Start of IM Command

Echoed IM Command Number

0x06 (ACK) if the IM executed the Command correctly.

0x15 (NAK) if an error occurred or IM Configuration Flags bit 5 = 0.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 52

Hardware Reference

This section gives a reference design for using the IN2680A Powerline Modem chip in a module connected both to the powerline and to a host device. The design uses a main board for the modem chip, power supply, INSTEON powerline interface, and

TTL-level serial communications, and a daughter board for interfacing to a host.

Two different daughter board designs are included. One is for an RS232 interface, and the other is for an IP (Ethernet) interface. A USB interface is under development. Developers may create their own daughter cards to implement custom interfaces.

The reference design presented here is the same one that SmartLabs uses for its

Powerline Modem (PLM) module.

In This Section

INSTEON Powerline Modem (PLM) Main Board

53

Gives the schematic and bill of materials for the PLM Main Board.

INSTEON PLM Serial (RS232) Daughter Board

57

Gives the schematic and bill of materials for the Serial (RS232) Daughter Board.

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board

60

Gives the schematic and bill of materials for the Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 53

INSTEON Powerline Modem (PLM) Main

Board

The Powerline Moded (PLM) main board includes the IN2680A Powerline Modem chip, a transformer-isolated power supply with a 30-volt charge pump booster, a transformer-coupled powerline signal transponder, an optically-isolated zero crossing detector, and an 8-pin daughter board connector for TTL-level host communications.

In This Section

INSTEON PLM Main Board Schematic

54

Gives the schematic and bill of materials for the PLM main board.

INSTEON PLM Main Board Bill of Materials

55

Specifies the parts used in the main board.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 54

INSTEON PLM Main Board Schematic

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 55

INSTEON PLM Main Board Bill of Materials

Description

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Crystal

Part Type

Electrolytic, 1000uF, 25V

Metal Polyester, 0.22uF,

250VDC

Ceramic, 0.0015uF, 100V

Metal Polyester, 0.68uF,

250VDC

Electrolytic, 100uF, 6.3V

Ceramic, 0.001uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.001uF, 25V

Electrolytic, 470uF, 50V

Ceramic, 0.1uF,25V

Ceramic, 220pF, 25V

Ceramic, 27pF, 25V

Ceramic, 27pF, 25V

22.1184MHz, 18pF Load

Designator

C1

C3

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

Y1

Footprint

Through-hole, 0.2"

SMT, 0805

Through-hole, 0.1"

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

Through-hole, 0.2"

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

Through-hole

Remark

Recommended:

Citizen model

CMR309T22.1184MABJTR

Diode DL4004

Diode DL4004

Diode DL4004

Diode DL4004

Diode Zener, 5.1V, 1W

Diode DL4004

Diode Zener, 5.1V, 1W

D5

D7

SMT, MELF

SMT, MELF

Diode 1N4148

Diode 1N4148

Diode

Diode

Zener, 68V, 1/2W

Zener, 39V, 1W

Diode 1N4148

Header

Inductor

LED

2X4 male

J3 Through-hole, For in-circuit programming

J4 Through-hole, 0.1" ctr Used to connect to daughter boards

2.7mH, 8-9 ohms DCR,

100mA DCI

Any single color is acceptable LED1 Through-hole, T1

MCU INSTEON IN2680A

Zetex

ZXMN6A07F

Optocoupler Fairchild 4N25SM or 4N25S

D10

D11

U3

U2

SMT, Mini-MELF

SMT, MELF

SMT, SSOP20

SMT

Regulator

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

78L05 Positive 5V regulator

15KW, 1/16W, 5%

27W, 1/2W, 5%

330W, 1/10W, 5%

U1 Through-hole, TO-92

100% Transfer ration @

8mA If and 5mA Ic

Recommended:

Panasonic ERJ-P14J27OU

Anti-Surge

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 56

Description Part Type

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

100KW, 1/16W, 5%

33KW, 1/16W, 5%

10KW, 1/16W, 5%

2.2KW, 1/16W, 5%

15W, 1/2W, 5%

1KW, 1/16W, 5%

1K, 1/16W, 5%

10KW, 1/16W, 5%

2.2KW, 1/16W, 5%

10KW, 1/16W, 5%

100KW, 1/16W, 5%

1KW, 1/16W, 5%

100KW, 1/4W, 5%

Designator

R10

R12

Footprint

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

Transformer Power Transformer, model

710-2000512

Transformer Power line transformer coil

Transistor

Transistor

Transistor

2N4403 PNP

2N2222A NPN

BST-52 Darlington NPN

Varistor

Wire

Wire

T1 Through-hole

T2

Q1

Q2

Q3

Through-hole

SMT, SOT-23

SMT, SOT-23

SMT, SOT-89

150VAC Metal Oxide Varistor MOV1 Through-hole,

Hot wire, black, 16AWG,

300V, 105°C, VW-1

Neutral wire, white, 16AWG,

300V, 105°C, VW-1

J1

J2

Through-hole

Through-hole

Remark

May be changed to control

LED brightness made, from SmartLabs

Abracon AIRV-111 PLC

Recommended brand:

Zetex

In from power prong

In from power prong

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 57

INSTEON PLM Serial (RS232) Daughter

Board

The Serial Daughter Board attaches to the Powerline Modem (PLM) Main Board using an 8-pin connector, and to a host device using an RJ-45 jack. Host communications uses the RS232 protocol at TTL signal levels.

In This Section

INSTEON PLM Serial Daughter Board Schematic

58

Gives the schematic and bill of materials for the serial (RS232) Daughter Board.

INSTEON PLM Serial Daughter Board Bill of Materials

59

Specifies the parts used in the Serial Daughter Board.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 58

INSTEON PLM Serial Daughter Board

Schematic

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 59

INSTEON PLM Serial Daughter Board Bill of

Materials

Description Part Type

Capacitor

Capacitor

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Electrolytic, 100uF, 6.3V

C3

C4

C5

C6

Designator

C1

C2

Footprint

SMT, 0603

Through-hole

Through-hole

Through-hole

Through-hole

Through-hole

Remark

Diode 1N4148

Diode 1N4148

Driver /

Receiver

MAX232 Multichannel RS-

232 ST232BDR

EEPROM 24LC32A

Header Female 2x4, 2x4PIN,

2.54mm, 2185-20

F1 Through-hole

J1 Through-hole, 0.1” ctr

Resistor 1.5KΩ, 1/16W, 5%

Resistor 1KΩ, 1/16W, 5%

Voltage

Regulator

5V Zetex ZSR500G

J2 SMT

R1 SMT, 0603

R2

U1

SMT, 0603

SMT, SOT223

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 60

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter

Board

The IP (Ethernet) Daughter Board attaches to the Powerline Modem (PLM) Main

Board using an 8-pin connector, and to an Ethernet LAN using an RJ-45 jack.

In This Section

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board Schematic

61

Gives the schematic and bill of materials for the IP (Ethernet) Daughter Board.

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board Bill of Materials

62

Specifies the parts used in the IP Daughter Board.

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 61

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board

Schematic

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Capacitor

Controller

Modem Developer’s Guide

Page 62

INSTEON PLM Ethernet (IP) Daughter Board

Bill of Materials

Description Part Type

Crystal

Crystal

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Electrolytic, 100uF, 6.3V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 15pF, 25V

Ceramic, 15pF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 22pF, 25V

Ceramic, 22pF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ceramic, 0.1uF, 25V

Ethernet controller, Realtek

RTL8019AS

19.6608MHz Crystal, 18pF

Load

20MHz Crystal, 18pF Load

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C5

C6

C7

C8

Designator

C1

C2

C3

C4

Footprint

SMT, 0603

Through-hole, 0.1"

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

SMT, 0603

U4 SMT,

Remark

Y1 Through-hole

Y2 SMT

J2 Through-hole, For in-circuit programming

J4 SMT Jack RJ45 Female jack

MCU PIC18F452-I/PT

Memory 24LC256-I/SN

Regulator

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Resistor

Transformer

78L05 5V Voltage regulator

4.7KW, 1/16W, 5%

1KW, 1/16W, 5%

4.7KW, 1/16W, 5%

10KW, 1/16W, 5%

200W, 1/16W, 5%

Ethernet transformer,

Abracon ALAN-107

U1 SMT, SOT-223

T1 SMT

April 19, 2007 © 2007 SmartLabs Technology

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