Cummins Onan HDKA H, J, K, T, U, V RV generator set Service Manual
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Service Manual RV Generator Set HDKAH (Spec A−M) HDKAJ (Spec A−M) HDKAK (Spec A−M) HDKAT (Spec A−M) HDKAU (Spec A−M) HDKAV (Spec A−M) English − Original Instructions 6−2010 981−0522 (Issue 9) California Proposition 65 Warning Diesel engine exhaust and some of its constituents are known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, and other reproductive harm. diesel warnings Table of Contents SECTION PAGE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 About this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Service Parts and Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Typical Genset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 2. SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 3. THREAD TORQUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 4. OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Fuel Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Engine Oil Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Starting Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 Operator’s Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Remote Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Priming the Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 Stopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 5. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 General Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Checking Engine Oil Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Changing Engine Oil and Oil Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Spark Arrestor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 Air Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 Fuel Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 Changing Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8 Coolant Temperature Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 6. PREPARATIONS FOR SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Special Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Removing Genset From Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 i SECTION PAGE Test Stand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 Removing Housing Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Installing Housing Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 7. ENGINE AIR INTAKE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 Component Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 8. MUFFLER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 9. ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 Radiator Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 Radiator Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 10. CONTROLLER-INVERTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 Controller-Inverter Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3 11. PMA (GENERATOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Stator Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Stator Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 Stator Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 Rotor Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 Rotor Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 12. ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1 Engine Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1 Replacing Coolant Pump Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1 Engine Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1 Engine Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2 Engine Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2 Replacing Low Oil Pressure Cutoff Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2 13. GOVERNOR ACTUATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 Actuator Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 ii SECTION PAGE Actuator Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 Actuator Speed Control Lever Stop (Beginning Spec B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4 High-Idle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5 High-Idle Stop Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6 14. FUEL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1 Fuel Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1 Fuel Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1 Fuel Injection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1 15. BATTERY CHARGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-1 16. STARTER MOTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1 Starter Solenoid Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-2 17. SERVICE CHECKLIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-1 18. TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1 Troubleshooting With Table 18-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1 Fault Code Blinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1 Restoring Fault Code Blinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1 Bypassable Faults: Prior to Spec F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-1 ENGINE WIRING HARNESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 AC WIRING HARNESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2 BATTERY WIRING HARNESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3 WIRING DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4 iii SAFETY PRECAUTIONS • Engine cooling air must not be used for heating working or living spaces or compartments. Thoroughly read the OPERATOR’S MANUAL before operating the genset. Safe operation and top performance can only be obtained when equipment is operated and maintained properly. GENERATOR VOLTAGE IS DEADLY • Disable the automatic genset starting feature of an inverter-charger or other automatic starting device before servicing the genset. The following symbols in this manual alert you to potential hazards to the operator, service person and equipment. • Generator electrical output connections must be made by a trained and experienced electrician in accordance with applicable codes. DANGER alerts you to an immediate hazard that will result in severe personal injury or death. • The genset must not be connected to the public utility or any other source of electrical power. Back-feed could lead to electrocution of utility personnel and damage to equipment. An approved switching device must be used to prevent interconnections. WARNING alerts you to a hazard or unsafe practice that can result in severe personal injury or death. • Use caution when working on live electrical equipment. Remove jewelry, make sure clothing and shoes are dry, stand on a dry wooden platform or rubber insulating mat and use tools with insulated handles. alerts you to a hazard or unsafe practice that can result in personal injury or equipment damage. CAUTION Electricity, fuel, exhaust, moving parts and batteries present hazards which can result in severe personal injury or death. DIESEL FUEL IS COMBUSTIBLE • Do not smoke or turn electrical switches ON or OFF where fuel fumes are present or in areas sharing ventilation with fuel tanks or equipment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, arcproducing equipment and all other sources of ignition well away. ENGINE EXHAUST IS DEADLY • Inspect for exhaust leaks at every startup and after every eight hours of running. • Learn the symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning in the Operator’s Manual. • Fuel lines must be secured, free of leaks and separated or shielded from electrical wiring. • Never sleep in the vehicle while the genset is running unless the vehicle is equipped with a working carbon monoxide detector. MOVING PARTS CAN CAUSE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH • Do not operate the genset when the vehicle is in a confined space, such as a garage. • Disable the automatic genset starting feature of an inverter-charger or other automatic starting device before servicing the genset. • Disable the automatic genset starting feature of an inverter-charger or other automatic starting device before storing the vehicle or parking it in a garage or other confined space. • Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry near moving parts such as PTO shafts, fans, belts and pulleys. • The exhaust system must be installed in accordance with the genset Installation Manual. • Keep hands away from moving parts. iv BATTERY GAS IS EXPLOSIVE • Keep the genset and its compartment clean. Excess oil and oily rags can catch fire. Dirt and gear stowed in the compartment can restrict cooling air. • Wear safety glasses. • Do not smoke. • Make sure all fasteners are secure and torqued properly. • To reduce arcing when disconnecting or reconnecting battery cables, always disconnect the negative (−) battery cable first and reconnect it last. • Do not work on the genset when mentally or physically fatigued or after consuming alcohol or drugs. FLAMMABLE VAPOR CAN CAUSE A DIESEL ENGINE TO OVERSPEED • You must be trained and experienced to make adjustments while the genset is running—hot, moving or electrically live parts can cause severe personal injury or death. Flammable vapor can cause a diesel engine to overspeed and become difficult to stop, resulting in possible fire, explosion, severe personal injury and death. Do not operate a diesel-powered genset where a flammable vapor environment can be created by fuel spill, leak, etc. The owners and operators of the genset are solely responsible for operating the genset safely. • Used engine oil has been identified by some U. S. state and federal agencies as causing cancer or reproductive toxicity. Do not ingest, inhale, or contact used oil or its vapors. • Ethylene glycol, used as engine antifreeze, is toxic to humans and animals. Clean up spills and dispose of used engine coolant in accordance with local environmental regulations. GENERAL PRECAUTIONS • Keep multi-class ABC fire extinguishers handy. Class A fires involve ordinary combustible materials such as wood and cloth; Class B fires, combustible and flammable liquid fuels and gaseous fuels; Class C fires, live electrical equipment. (ref. NFPA No. 10) • Keep children away from the genset. • Do not use evaporative starting fluids. They are highly explosive. • To prevent accidental or remote starting while working on the genset, disconnect the negative (−) battery cable at the battery. • Genset installation and operation must comply with all applicable local, state and federal codes and regulations. • Let the engine cool down before removing the coolant pressure cap or opening the coolant drain. Hot coolant under pressure can spray out and cause severe burns. • Keep guards in place over fans, belts, pulleys, and other moving parts. Mobile-8 v 1. Introduction ABOUT THIS MANUAL This is the Service Manual for the generator set (genset) models listed on the front cover. Read and carefully observe all of the instructions and precautions in this manual. 80HDKAK11454J F990 123456 Improper service or parts replacement can lead to severe personal injury or death and to damage to equipment and property. Service personnel must be qualified to perform electrical and mechanical service. WARNING SKB719U6D2RA Unauthorized modifications or replacement of fuel, exhaust, air intake or speed control system components that affect engine emissions are prohibited by law in the State of California. CAUTION 719 cc See the Installation Manual for important recommendations concerning the installation and for a list of the installation codes and standards for safety which may be applicable. See the Parts Catalog for parts identification numbers and required quantities. Genuine Onan® replacement parts are recommended for best results. SERVICE PARTS AND INFORMATION When contacting Onan for parts, service or product information, be ready to provide the model number and the serial number, both of which appear on the genset nameplate. Figure 1-1 illustrates the nameplate and its location. The numbers in the gray boxes are typical model and serial numbers. Every character in these numbers is significant. (The last character of the model number is the specification letter, which is important for obtaining the right parts.) FIGURE 1-1. TYPICAL NAMEPLATE 1-1 TYPICAL GENSET Figure 1-2 illustrates a typical genset. COOLANT PRESSURE CAP COOLANT RECOVERY TANK GENERATOR (PMA) STATOR RADIATOR GOVERNOR ACTUATOR MUFFLER ASSEMBLY INNER BULKHEAD CONTROLLER/ INVERTER HOUSING ENGINE COOLING BLOWER INTAKE AIR RESONATOR STARTER MOTOR FUEL FILTER OIL FILTER FIGURE 1-2. TYPICAL GENSET WITH HOUSING PANELS REMOVED 1-2 FUEL PUMP 2. Specifications HDKAH HDKAJ HDKAK GENSET CONTROLLER: Integrated Microprocessor Based Engine and Generator Controller GENERATOR: Brushless, Exciterless, Bearingless, Permanent Magnet Alternator AC OUTPUT RATINGS: Power (@1.0 power factor) Voltage Frequency Number of Phases Current Line Circuit Breaker(s) 6000 W 120 volts 60 Hz 1 50.0 ampere 2-pole, 30 amp 7500 W 120 volts 60 Hz 1 62.5 ampere 2-pole, 30 or 35 amp 8000 W 120 volts 60 Hz 1 66.7 ampere 2-pole, 30 or 35 amp ENGINE: 3-Cylinder In-Line, Water-Cooled, Indirect-Injection, 4-Stroke Cycle Diesel Bore Stroke Displacement Compression Ratio 2.64 inch (67 mm) 2.68 inch (68 mm) 44 inch3 (719 cc) 23 : 1 3 quart (2.6 l) 4.2 quart (4 l) 0.0065 inch (0.165 mm) 14 to 64 psi over speed range 414 to 469 psi, 327 psi minimum Oil Capacity (with filter)* Cooling System Capacity** Intake and Exhaust Valve Lash (Cold) Lubricating Oil Pressure Cylinder Compression Pressure OPERATING SPEED RANGE: 1600 to 2900 RPM 1600 to 3200 RPM 1600 to 3300 RPM 0.13 gph (.49 l/h) 0.49 gph (1.85 l/h) 0.80 gph (3.03 l/h) 0.13 gph (.49 l/h) 0.49 gph (1.85 l/h) 0.96 gph (3.63 l/h) 0.13 gph (.49 l/h) 0.49 gph (1.85 l/h) 1.02 gph (3.86 l/h) FUEL CONSUMPTION: No-load Half-load (4000 W) Full-load DC SYSTEM: Nominal Battery Voltage Minimum Battery Capacity 12 volts 450 CCA*** down to 0° F (−17° C) 650 CCA*** down to −20° F (−29° C) Maximum Regulated-Voltage Battery Charging Current (Optional) 10 ampere 10 ampere mini-bayonet 10 ampere mini-bayonet 25 ampere Fuse F1 (control circuit) Fuse F2 (starter solenoid circuit) Fuse F3 (glow plug circuit) WEIGHT AND SIZE: Weight (wet) Length x Width x Height * ** *** 420 lbs (191 kg) 36.3 x 23.6 x 22.3 inch (922 x 599 x 566 mm) See oil filling instructions. Includes coolant recovery tank. Cold Cranking Amps @ 0° F (−17° C) 2-1 HDKAV HDKAT HDKAU GENSET CONTROLLER: Integrated Microprocessor Based Engine and Generator Controller GENERATOR: Brushless, Exciterless, Bearingless, Permanent Magnet Alternator AC OUTPUT RATINGS: Power (@1.0 power factor) Voltage Frequency Number of Phases Current Line Circuit Breaker(s) 6000 W 120 volts 60 Hz 1 50.0 ampere 2-pole, 30 amp 7500 W 120 volts 60 Hz 1 62.5 ampere 2-pole, 30 or 35 amp 8000 W 120 volts 60 Hz 1 66.7 ampere 2-pole, 30 or 35 amp ENGINE: 3-Cylinder In-Line, Water-Cooled, Indirect-Injection, 4-Stroke Cycle Diesel Bore Stroke Displacement Compression Ratio 2.64 inch (67 mm) 2.68 inch (68 mm) 44 inch3 (719 cc) 23 : 1 3 quart (2.6 l) 4.2 quart (4 l) 0.0065 inch (0.165 mm) 14 to 64 psi over speed range 414 to 469 psi, 327 psi minimum Oil Capacity (with filter)* Cooling System Capacity** Intake and Exhaust Valve Lash (Cold) Lubricating Oil Pressure Cylinder Compression Pressure OPERATING SPEED RANGE: 1600 to 2900 RPM 1600 to 3200 RPM 1600 to 3300 RPM 0.13 gph (.49 l/h) 0.49 gph (1.85 l/h) 0.80 gph (3.03 l/h) 0.13 gph (.49 l/h) 0.49 gph (1.85 l/h) 0.96 gph (3.63 l/h) 0.13 gph (.49 l/h) 0.49 gph (1.85 l/h) 1.02 gph (3.86 l/h) FUEL CONSUMPTION: No-load Half-load (4000 W) Full-load DC SYSTEM: Nominal Battery Voltage Minimum Battery Capacity 12 volts 450 CCA*** down to 0° F (−17° C) 650 CCA*** down to −20° F (−29° C) Maximum Regulated-Voltage Battery Charging Current (Optional) 10 ampere 10 ampere mini-bayonet 10 ampere mini-bayonet 25 ampere Fuse F1 (control circuit) Fuse F2 (starter solenoid circuit) Fuse F3 (glow plug circuit) WEIGHT AND SIZE: Weight (wet) Length x Width x Height * ** *** 420 lbs (191 kg) 36.3 x 23.6 x 22.3 inch (922 x 599 x 566 mm) See oil filling instructions. Includes coolant recovery tank. Cold Cranking Amps @ 0° F (−17° C) 2-2 3. Thread Torques lbf-ft* N-m * − 7-9 7-9 7-9 − 10-12 10-12 10-12 75-80 lbf-inch 7-9 − 8.5-9 10-12 − Exhaust Assembly Flange Bolts Exhaust Isolator Clamp Screws 16-20 7-9 22-28 10-12 Housing Panel Screws Component Mounting Screws (threads into skid-base) 11-13 7-9 15-18 10-12 Vibration Isolator Center Bolt Vibration Isolator Mounting Screws 43-53 7-9 58-72 10-12 Battery Cable Terminal Block Terminal Nuts Battery Cable Terminal Block Mounting Screws Starter Solenoid Terminal Nuts AC Output Terminal Block Terminal Screws AC Output Terminal Block Mounting Screws Circuit Breaker Terminal Screws Circuit Breaker Mounting Screws 6.7-8.3 7-9 4.4-8.7 12-14 lbf-inch 20-22 lbf-inch 12-14 lbf-inch 12-14 lbf-inch 9-11 10-12 5.9-11.8 1.4-1.6 2.2-2.5 1.4-1.6 1.4-1.6 Flywheel Housing Mounting Bolts Rotor/Flywheel Mounting Bolts Stator Mounting Bolts Blower Mounting Bolts Starter Mounting Bolts Oil Pan Mounting Bolts Coolant Temperature Sender (use thread sealant) Low Oil Pressure Switch (use thread sealant) Governor Actuator Bearing Carrier Mounting Screws Oil Fill Hose Support Clip Screw 18-22 40-43 7-9 7-9 18-22 5.8-6.9 26-32 10.8-14.5 21-27 lbf-inch 7-9 24-30 53.9-58.8 10-12 10-12 24-30 7.9-9.3 35-43 14.7-19.6 2.4-3.0 10-12 M6 Engine Bolts Except When Otherwise Specified M8 Engine Bolts Except When Otherwise Specified M10 Engine Bolts Except When Otherwise Specified M12 Engine Bolts Except When Otherwise Specified 5.8-6.9 13.0-15.2 28.9-33.3 46.3-53.5 7.9-9.3 17.7-20.6 39.2-45.1 62.8-72.6 Air Cleaner Cover Bolt—Three to four clicks past seating. Air Cleaner Housing Mounting Screws Intake Air Hose Clamp Screws Air Intake Resonator Mounting Screws Fuel Pump Mounting Screws Fuel Fitting At Fuel Pump Fuel Fittings at Fuel Filter—One flat passed finger tight. * − Use engine oil as a lubricant for all threads except when otherwise specified. 3-1 4. Operation FUEL RECOMMENDATIONS Class SJ, SH or SG (for example: CH-4/SJ). Also look for the SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) viscosity grade. Referring to Figure 4-1, choose the viscosity grade appropriate for the ambient temperatures expected until the next scheduled oil change. Use clean, fresh No. 2 diesel fuel (ASTM 2-D) in ambients above freezing and No. 1 diesel fuel (ASTM 1-D) in ambients below freezing. The fuel should have a Cetane number of at least 45 for reliable starting. STARTING BATTERIES These gensets have a 12 volt, direct current (DC) starting and control system. See Specifications for minimum battery requirements (cold cranking amperes) for genset starting. Diesel fuel is combustible and can cause severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke near diesel fuel tanks or equipment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electrical arcs and arc-producing equipment and switches and all other sources of ignition well away. Keep a type ABC fire extinguisher in the vehicle. WARNING ENGINE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS Regular, monthly maintenance of batteries may be required. See Periodic Maintenance, and any instructions available from the vehicle manufacturer or battery manufacturer. Either the vehicle or the genset will be equipped with a battery charger. Use API (American Petroleum Institute) performance Class CH-4, CG-4 or CF-4D engine oil, which may be in combination with performance Reliable genset starting and starter service life depend upon adequate battery system capacity and proper maintenance. Anticipated Ambient Temperature FIGURE 4-1. OIL VISCOSITY VS. TEMPERATURE 4-1 OPERATOR’S CONSOLE REMOTE CONTROL PANEL The operator’s console (Figure 4-2) has the following features: The vehicle may be equipped with a remote control panel having a Control Switch and Preheat/Diagnostics Light. In addition, it may have an hour meter and the following engine gauges: Control Switch − This switch is used to start and stop the genset, prime the engine fuel system and restore the fault code (blinking status light). Oil Pressure Gauge − The oil pressure gauge indicates the presence of engine oil pressure. Status Light − This is an LED (light emitting diode) in the control switch which blinks rapidly during preheat and cranking. (Preheat is the period of time prior to engine cranking when the glow plugs preheat the combustion chambers. The time is automatically varied by the genset controller on the basis of engine temperature.) After the genset starts up, this light stays on continuously, indicating that the genset is running and that the starter has disconnected. Also, if the genset shuts down, this light blinks in a coded fashion to indicate the nature of the shutdown. See Troubleshooting. Water Temperature Gauge − The water temperature gauge indicates engine coolant temperature. Voltmeter − The voltmeter indicates battery voltage. ACCESS PLATE COOLANT RECOVERY TANK FILL CAP (BLUE) OIL FILL CAP AND DIP STICK (YELLOW) Line Circuit Breaker(s) − The line circuit breaker(s) protect the AC power leads connected to the genset. Engine Oil Fill Cap/Dipstick − The oil dipstick is attached to the fill cap and is marked ADD and FULL. Coolant Recovery Tank Fill Cap − The recovery tank provides for coolant expansion. Replenish the normal loss of coolant by filling here. Coolant Pressure Cap − The coolant pressure cap is accessible by removing the access plate on the control console. It provides for a pressurized engine cooling system. Fill coolant here when refilling the system. CONTROL SWITCH AND STATUS LIGHT Fuses F1, F2 and F3 − These fuses are accessible by removing the access plate on the control console. They protect the control circuits of the genset. HOUR METER (OPTIONAL) LINE CIRCUIT BREAKER FIGURE 4-2. OPERATOR’S CONSOLE 4-2 WARNING EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY! All engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide, an odor- less, colorless, poisonous gas that can cause unconsciousness and death. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include: • Dizziness • Nausea • Vomiting • Headache • Weakness and Sleepiness • Inability to Think Coherently IF YOU EXPERIENCE ANY OF THESE SYMPTOMS, GET INTO FRESH AIR IMMEDIATELY. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention. Shut down the genset and do not operate it until it has been inspected and repaired. Never sleep in the vehicle while the genset is running unless the vehicle has a working carbon monoxide detector. The exhaust system must be installed in accordance with the genset Installation Manual. Make sure there is ample fresh air when operating the genset in a confined area. PRIMING THE FUEL SYSTEM Excessive cranking can overheat and damage the starter motor. Do not crank for more than 30 seconds at a time. Wait at least 2 minutes before trying again. CAUTION The fuel system should be primed after replacing the fuel filter or running the genset out of fuel. To prime the fuel system hold the control switch down in its Stop position for at least 1 minute. 4. See Troubleshooting if the genset does not start after three tries. STARTING 5. Let the genset warm up a few minutes until it is running smoothly before connecting the vehicle electrical loads (appliances). The genset can be started and stopped from the genset control panel or from a remote control panel inside the vehicle. 6. Monitor the engine gauges if the remote panel is so equipped. Normal readings during operation are as follows: 1. Review Powering Equipment, Varying Operating Conditions, Genset Break-In, Exercise and Storage and the Maintenance Record in the Operator’s Manual before starting or servicing the genset. Oil Pressure: Approximately center of scale Temperature: 160°-220° F (71°-104° C) 2. Check fuel, oil and coolant levels, prime the fuel system if necessary (by pushing the Stop switch), and turn off the air conditioner(s) and other large electrical loads. DC Voltage: 14-15 volts. 7. Check for fuel, coolant and exhaust leaks. Stop the genset immediately if there is a fuel, coolant or exhaust leak and repair it before continuing operation. 3. Push the control switch to its Start position and hold it there while the status light blinks rapidly indicating preheat. Let go when the light comes on continuously, indicating that the genset is running and that the starter has been disconnected. (Depending on how cold it is, preheat can take up to 15 seconds, extending the time that the light blinks.) STOPPING Run the genset at no load for a few minutes to allow the engine to cool down and then push the control switch briefly to its Stop position. 4-3 5. Periodic Maintenance PERIODIC MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE guide for normal periodic maintenance. Under hot or dusty operating conditions some maintenance operations should be performed more frequently, as indicated by the footnotes in the table.x Periodic maintenance is essential for top performance and long genset life. Use Table 5-1 as a TABLE 5-1. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY MAINTENANCE OPERATION Every Day Every Month Every Every 150 Hours 500 Hours Every 1000 Hours P a g e General Inspection x 5-2 Check Engine Oil Level x 5-3 Check Engine Coolant Level x 5-8 x3 Clean and Check Battery Change Engine Oil and Filter Clean Spark Arrestor 5-3 x1, 2,3, 4 5-3 x4 5-5 x2, 4 5-6 Replace Fuel Filter x4 5-7 Check Coolant Anti-freeze Protection x4 5-8 Replace Engine Air Filter Flush Coolant System x5 5-8 Replace Coolant Pressure Cap x5 5-8 Replace Coolant Hoses and Thermostat x6, 7 12-1 Replace Engine V-belt x6, 7 12-1 Clean Crankcase Breather x6, 7 12-1 x7 12-1 Adjust Valve Lash 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. As a part of engine break-in, change the engine oil and oil filter after the first 50 hours of operation. Perform more often when operating in dusty conditions. Perform more often when operating in hot weather. Perform at least once a year. Perform at least once every two years. Perform at least once every five years. Must be performed by a qualified mechanic (authorized Onan dealer). 5-1 GENERAL INSPECTION Do not operate power ventilators or exhaust fans while the vehicle is standing with the genset running. The ventilator or fan can draw exhaust gases into the vehicle. Inspect the genset before the first start of the day. Oil Level WARNING EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY! Do not operate the genset if there is an exhaust leak or any danger of exhaust gases entering or being drawn into the vehicle. Check engine oil level (p. 5-3). Engine Coolant System Check the coolant level and look for coolant leaks around the bottom of the genset and on the ground below. Minor leaks that can be replenished by daily additions of coolant to the recovery tank should be repaired by a qualified service technician as soon as possible. Larger leaks are cause for shutting down the genset until it can be repaired. Do not park the vehicle in high grass or brush. Contact with the exhaust system can cause a fire. WARNING Fuel System Look for fuel leaks around the bottom of the genset and its fuel supply lines when the genset is running. Do not operate the genset if there is a fuel leak. Have the leaks fixed as soon as possible. CAUTION Operating the genset when the coolant level is low can cause serious engine damage. Diesel fuel leaks can lead to fire. Do not operate the genset if operation causes fuel to leak. WARNING Exhaust System Look and listen for exhaust system leaks while the genset is running. Shut down the genset if a leak is found and have it repaired before operating the genset. Mechanical Look for mechanical damage. Start the genset and look, listen and feel for any unusual noises and vibrations. Look for openings or holes between the genset compartment and vehicle cab or living space if the genset engine sounds louder than usual. Have all such openings or holes closed off and sealed to prevent exhaust gases from entering the vehicle. Check the genset mounting bolts to make sure they are secure. Replace dented, bent or severely rusted sections of the tailpipe and make sure the tailpipe extends at least 1 inch (25.4 mm) beyond the perimeter of the vehicle. Check to see that the genset air inlet and outlet openings are not clogged with debris or blocked. Check the engine gauges from time to time while the genset is running (if so equipped). Park the vehicle so that the genset exhaust gases can disperse away from the vehicle. Barriers such as walls, snow banks, high grass and brush and other vehicles can cause exhaust gases to accumulate in and around the vehicle. Battery Connections Check the battery terminals for clean, tight connections. See BATTERIES (p. 5-6). 5-2 CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL Shut off the genset before checking the engine oil level. 1. Remove the oil fill cap (yellow) and wipe the stick clean (Figure 5-1). 2. Screw the oil fill cap back on and remove it to check the oil level on the dipstick. 3. Add oil as necessary until the full mark is reached. See ENGINE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS (p. 4-1). DO NOT FILL TO A LEVEL ABOVE THE FULL MARK ON THE DIPSTICK. Drain the excess oil if too much has been added. CAUTION Too much oil can cause high oil consumption, high operating temperatures and oil foaming. Too little oil can cause severe engine damage. Keep the oil level between the Full and Add marks on the dipstick. 4. Screw the oil fill cap on securely to prevent oil leakage. CHANGING ENGINE OIL AND OIL FILTER Refer to Table 5-1 for scheduled engine oil change. In hot weather and dusty conditions the oil should be changed more often. WARNING State and federal agencies have determined that contact with used engine oil can cause cancer or reproductive toxicity. Take care to limit skin contact and breathing of vapors as much as possible. Use rubber gloves and wash exposed skin. 1. Place a pan under the oil drain plug. Run the engine until it is warm and shut it off. 2. Remove the oil fill cap (Figure 5-1). 3. Unscrew the oil drain plug (Figure 5-2) and allow all of the oil to drain from the engine. 4. Reinstall the oil drain plug and tighten it securely to prevent oil leakage. FIGURE 5-1. OIL DIPSTICK 5-3 a larger diameter than the original filter cannister, but will fit.) 5. Squeeze the access door latches together and let the door swing down (Figure 5-2). Spin off the oil filter canister, drain it of oil and discard it according to local regulations. 8. Spin on the new filter canister by hand until the gasket just touches the mounting pad and then turn it an additional 1/2 to 3/4 turn. Do not overtighten. Close the access door, making sure it latches securely. 6. Thoroughly wipe off the filter mounting surface. Remove the old gasket if it does not come off with the filter canister. 9. Refill and check the oil level. See Specifications for oil capacity. 7. Make sure the new gasket is in place on the new filter canister and apply a thin film of oil to the gasket. (The replacement filter canister has 10. Dispose of the used oil properly. ACCESS DOOR OIL FILTER OIL DRAIN PLUG FIGURE 5-2. OIL DRAIN PLUG AND OIL FILTER 5-4 SPARK ARRESTOR fler, accessible through the air outlet opening in the bottom of the genset. Clean out the spark arrestor muffler as follows: Refer to Table 5-1 for scheduled cleaning of the spark arrestor muffler (which meets U.S. Forest Service requirements). Cleaning is required for maximum genset performance. 1. Remove the cleanout plug from the muffler (Figure 5-3). A hot muffler can cause severe burns. Let the muffler cool down before removing or installing the cleanout plug. 2. Restart the genset and load it nearly to full power. Let the genset run for about five minutes to expel the soot in the muffler. The muffler is mounted inside the genset housing. The cleanout plug is located on the side of the muf- 3. Stop the genset, allow the muffler to cool down and then reinstall the plug. WARNING CLEANOUT PLUG FIGURE 5-3. SPARK ARRESTOR CLEANOUT PLUG 5-5 BATTERIES 2. Remove battery cables with a battery terminal puller. 3. Make sure which terminal is positive (+) and which is negative (−) before making battery connections, always removing the negative (−) cable first and reconnecting it last to reduce arcing. WARNING Arcing at battery terminals, light switch or other equipment, flame, and sparks can ignite battery gas causing severe personal injury. Ventilate battery area before working on or near battery—Wear safety glasses—Do not smoke— Switch trouble light ON or OFF away from battery—Stop genset and disconnect charger before disconnecting battery cables—Disconnect negative (−) cable first and reconnect last. AIR FILTER Refer to Table 5-1 for scheduled air filter replacement. In dusty conditions the air filter element should be inspected and changed more frequently for best operation. To change the air filter element, remove the outer and inner covers (Figure 5-4) and reassemble with a new air filter element. Turn the inner cover wingnut three to four clicks past seating. Make sure the outer cover is seated before tightening its wingnut. Check for noise when the genset is running, and retighten if necessary. Refer to Table 5-1 for scheduled battery maintenance, and follow the battery manufacturer’s instructions. Have the battery charging system serviced if DC system voltage is consistently low or high. Always: 1. Keep the battery case and terminals clean and dry and the terminals tight. OUTER COVER INNER COVER FILTER ELEMENT SPACER SEAL FIGURE 5-4. AIR FILTER ELEMENT 5-6 HOUSING FUEL FILTER Removing the Fuel Filter: To remove the filter, disconnect the two fittings at the filter and remove the mounting nut. Apply a wrench on the filter fitting as well as on the flare nut so as not to stress the fitting. Flare nut wrenches should be used on the flare nuts so as not to round the corners on the nuts. Dispose of the fuel filter according to local regulations. Refer to Table 5-1 for scheduled replacement of the fuel filter (Figure 5-5). A dirty fuel filter may be the cause if the engine fails to start. The fuel filter is accessible through the maintenance access door in the skid-base. Squeeze the latches together to open the door. Installing the Fuel Filter: Rotate the filter half a turn around its mounting stud if the fittings interfere with the bracket. It only fits properly one way. CAUTION Wipe the dirt off the fuel fittings before disconnecting them to keep dirt from entering the fuel system. Connect the fuel fittings before tightening the filter mounting nut. Take care not to crossthread the fuel fittings. Thread them in by hand and tighten one flat past seating. WARNING Diesel fuel is combustible and can cause severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electrical arcs and arc-producing equipment and all other sources of ignition well away. Keep a type ABC fire extinguisher handy. Close the access door and prime the fuel system by holding the control switch down in its Stop position for at least 1 minute. Priming is necessary to displace the air in the new filter with fuel. FUEL FILTER FUEL HOSE TO ENGINE FILTER MOUNTING NUT TUBING FROM FUEL PUMP FIGURE 5-5. FUEL FILTER 5-7 CHANGING COOLANT down and turning it until it can be withdrawn. Then get a suitable container and drain the coolant by removing the system drain cap (Figure 5-6). Refer to Table 5-1 for scheduled maintenance. The engine cooling system is filled with a 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol anti-freeze and water when the genset leaves the factory, which is suitable for temperatures down to -34° F (-37° C). Ethylene glycol antifreeze is considered toxic. Dispose of it according to local regulations for hazardous substances. WARNING Replace the coolant every two years. Use ethylene or propylene glycol anti-freeze solution that contains a rust and corrosion inhibitor. The anti-freeze must not contain a stop-leak additive. It is recommended that the system be cleaned and flushed before refilling. Radiator cleaning chemicals are available at local auto parts stores. Follow the instructions for cleaning and flushing that come with the cleaning solution. The water used for engine coolant must be clean, low in minerals, and free of corrosive chemicals. Use distilled water if available. Refilling the Cooling System Fill the recovery tank with coolant mixture to the COLD mark. See Specifications for cooling system capacity. Pressure Cap Secure the system drain cap. Fill the cooling system with coolant mixture through the pressure cap/fill opening. Pull the hose connected to the pressure cap assembly out as far as it will go. When coolant fills up to the fill opening, start and operate the genset for a few minutes and shut it down. (It is recommended that the air conditioners or other large loads be turned on so that the genset will operate under load, causing the engine to run faster and expel trapped air.) Add more coolant if necessary and secure the pressure cap. Replace the pressure cap every two years because its seals can deteriorate and begin to leak. Proper cooling system pressure is essential for optimal engine cooling and minimal coolant loss. Draining the Cooling System Hot coolant spray can cause severe burns. Let the engine cool before releasing the pressure cap or removing the drain cap. WARNING Coolant Level Check Allow the engine to cool before removing the pressure cap. Then relieve any remaining pressure by turning the pressure cap slowly, without pushing down on it, until it catches. When the pressure has been relieved, remove the pressure cap by pushing Check coolant level in the recovery tank before the first startup of each day and fill to the COLD mark if necessary. 5-8 PRESSURE CAP AND SYSTEM FILL OPENING COOLANT RECOVERY TANK FILL CAP (BLUE) COOLING SYSTEM DRAIN CAP FIGURE 5-6. ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM FILL AND DRAIN CAPS 5-9 COOLANT TEMPERATURE INPUT TABLE 5-2. COOLANT TEMPERATURE INPUT Resistance measurements should be taken between the sensor lead and the battery ground post (rather than the engine chassis) for most accurate reading with the harness disconnected at the sensor. DIG _C DEG _F Sensor V to A/D Genset (OHMS) A/D Count −20 −4 2100 4.27 218 −10 14 1700 4.13 211 This sensor is not a precise temperature measurement. Differences between the table values and values displayed on the LCD or tool are possible. See sensor print for details. For example, if the sensor is placed in an ice bath, the control may read 32_F +/− few degrees, depending on the actual resistance of the sensor being tested (sensor spec is +/−10% resistence for a given temperature.) −5 23 1500 4.04 206 0 32 1300 3.92 200 5 41 1150 3.82 195 10 50 1000 3.68 188 20 68 750 3.39 173 30 86 600 3.13 160 40 104 450 2.79 142 50 122 320 2.36 121 60 140 210 1.85 94 65 149 175 1.64 84 70 158 145 1.44 74 75 167 128 1.32 67 80 176 110 1.18 60 85 185 90 1.01 51 90 194 70 0.82 42 100 212 57 0.69 35 110 230 43 0.54 27 120 248 33 0.42 22 130 266 25 0.33 17 140 284 20 0.27 14 150 302 15 0.20 10 5-10 6. Preparations for Service SPECIAL TOOLS equipment. Do not work alone if possible and take no risks. The following tools are necessary for servicing the genset: • Be prepared for an accident: Keep fire extinguishers and safety equipment nearby. Agencies such as the Red Cross and public safety departments offer courses in first aid, CPR and fire control. Take advantage of this information to be ready to respond to an accident. Learn to be safety-conscious and make safety procedures part of the work routine. • Torque wrench: 0-75 lbs-ft (0-100 N-m) • Tachometer • Digital multi-meter: AC and DC Voltage, Ohms • Load test panel and leads SAFETY TABLE 6-1. HAZARDS AND THEIR SOURCES • Leaking or spilled fuel There are hazards in servicing gensets. Study Safety Precautions and become familiar with the hazards listed in Table 6-1. Note the following safeguards and ways of avoiding hazards: Fire and Explosion • Hydrogen gas from battery • Oily rags improperly stored • Flammable liquids improperly stored • Use personal protection: Wear appropriate protective safety equipment, such as safety shoes and safety glasses. Do not wear rings or jewelry and do not wear loose or damp clothing that might get caught in equipment or conduct electricity. • Hot exhaust pipes Burns • Hot engine and generator surfaces • Electrical shorts • Reduce the hazard: A safe, orderly workshop area and well-maintained equipment reduce the hazard potential. Keep guards and shields in place on machinery and maintain equipment in good working condition. Store flammable liquids in approved containers; away from fire, flame, spark, pilot light, switches, arc-producing equipment and other ignition sources. Keep the workshop clean and well-lighted and provide adequate ventilation. Poisonous Gas • Operating genset where exhaust gases can accumulate • Improper generator connections Electrical Shock (AC) • Faulty wiring • Working in damp conditions • Jewelry touching components • Develop safe work habits: Unsafe actions cause accidents with tools and machines. Be familiar with the equipment and know how to use it safely. Use the correct tool for the job and check its condition before starting. Comply with the warnings in this manual and take special precautions when working around electrical Rotating Machinery 6-1 electrical • Fan guards not in place Slippery Surfaces • Leaking or spilled oil Heavy Objects • Removing genset from vehicle REMOVING GENSET FROM VEHICLE Removal from the Vehicle WARNING Gensets are heavy and can cause severe personal injury if dropped during removal. Use adequate lifting devices. Keep hands and feet clear while lifting. See Troubleshooting to determine the probable cause of the problem before removing the genset for service. The genset is normally mounted in a special compartment on the floor of the vehicle or on a supporting frame. Contact the vehicle manufacturer or installer if the best way to remove the genset is not obvious. Make sure that the genset is firmly supported before loosening any mounting bolts. There are four bolt holes in the skid-base for securing the genset to the floor or supporting frame. A lifting eye is accessible through the access opening in the top panel of the genset (Figure 6-2). Disconnections 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery and then disconnect the battery cables from the genset. TEST STAND WARNING EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY! Engine exhaust must be vented outside if the genset is operated inside a building. Sparks and high current could cause fire and other damage to the battery, battery cables and vehicle if the loose ends of cables connected to the battery touch. Always disconnect the negative (−) battery cable from the battery before disconnecting the battery cables from the genset. WARNING Restricting the air inlet and outlet openings could lead to damage to the genset due to overheating. CAUTION When testing and servicing the genset on a workbench or test stand make sure the openings in the skid-base shown in Figure 6-1 (shaded areas) are free and clear. Also, make sure there is ample fresh air when operating the genset. 2. Disconnect the remote control wiring harness connector at the genset. 3. Disconnect the AC output leads at the genset terminals. 4. Disconnect the exhaust tailpipe from the muffler flange. ACCESS DOOR 5. Disconnect the supply and return fuel lines from the genset. Diesel fuel is combustible and can cause severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke if you are near fuel tanks or fuel-burning equipment or are in an area sharing ventilation with such equipment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electrical arcs and arc-producing equipment and all other sources of ignition well away. Á Á WARNING AIR IN AIR OUT FIGURE 6-1. BOTTOM VIEW OF SKID-BASE 6-2 REMOVING HOUSING PANELS radiator frame. Because of overlapping edge flanges, loosen the screws along the bottom edge of the left end panel so that it can be tilted out of the way while lifting out the back panel. WARNING Do not operate the genset without the housing panels secure in place. The panels guard against rotating parts and bare live electrical parts that can cause severe personal injury or death. The housing is also required for proper genset cooling. Removing the Right End Panel Remove the top panel and all the screws around the perimeter of the right end panel and lift it out. See Figure 6-2. The housing consists of five removable panels. The front (service) panel may also include a removable service door secured by latches. Note that the screws which secure the panels to the skid-base are slightly longer than the screws between panels. Keep the screws separated to make reassembly easier. Removing the Left End Panel 1. Remove the front, top and back panels. 2. Remove the AC terminal block mounting screws so that it will be unnecessary to loosen the wire binding screws. Removing the Front and Top Panels 3. Remove the line circuit breaker mounting screws (on the operator’s console). It may be necessary to remove only the front (service) or front and top panels for access to the parts which need service (Figure 1-2). To do so, remove all the screws around the perimeter of each panel and pull the panel away. Note that the three screws in the top panel which are circled also support the coolant recovery tank. 4. Disconnect the engine harness from the control switch and hour meter (if provided). 5. Remove the screws along the bottom edge, tilt the panel out, disconnect the leads to the control switch and hour meter (if so equipped) and cut the wire ties which secure the wiring harness to the panel. CAUTION Screws that are too long will damage the coolant recovery tank and may cause it to break away. Make sure the shorter panel screws are used for the recovery tank. INSTALLING HOUSING PANELS Installation is the reverse of removal. Use wire ties to secure the engine and AC harnesses (p. A-1 and A-2) to the left end panel when reassembling the genset. Tighten the panel screws according to Thread Torques. Removing the Back Panel Remove the top panel, all the screws around the perimeter of the back panel and the two screws into the 6-3 ACCESS COVER FUSES AND COOLANT PRESSURE CAP LEFT END PANEL ACCESS COVER AC TERMINALS ACCESS COVER LIFTING EYE BACK PANEL OPERATOR‘S CONSOLE SCREW HOLES FOR SCREWS WHICH ALSO SECURE THE COOLANT RECOVERY TANK FRONT (SERVICE) PANEL (MAY INCLUDE A SERVICE DOOR) TOP PANEL FIGURE 6-2. THE GENSET HOUSING PANELS 6-4 RIGHT END PANEL 7. Engine Air Intake COMPONENT LAYOUT Figure 7-1 illustrates the series of parts connected to the engine air intake manifold. The arrows indicate the flow of air. SECURE THE END OF THE AIR INLET HOSE TO THE INLET GRILLE WITH A WIRE TIE INLET BAFFLE ASSEMBLY MAKE SURE THESE HOSE CLAMP SCREWS ARE ON TOP AND ORIENTED AS SHOWN TO MAKE DISASSEMBLY EASIER AIR FILTER ELEMENT HOUSING RESONATOR CLAMP AT ENGINE INTAKE MANIFOLD BAFFLE SCREWS TO SKID-BASE FIGURE 7-1. ENGINE AIR INTAKE ASSEMBLY 7-1 8. Muffler REMOVAL nector when installing the muffler. Tighten all bolts and screws according to Thread Torques. The muffler assembly is mounted inside the genset housing. See Figure 8-1. To remove the muffler: CAUTION The flexible connector is fragile when removed from the assembly and must not be bent or twisted. Make sure the muffler is securely in place and properly aligned before connecting the flexible connector. 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting and remove the top and back genset housing panels (p. 6-3). Important safety warnings and instructions regarding the routing and termination of the tailpipe (not supplied by Onan) are included in the Installation Manual. Always use a new flange gasket when connecting the tail pipe. 2. Disconnect the tailpipe. 3. Remove the flange bolts on both ends of the flexible connector and remove it carefully. 4. Remove the outboard bearing clamp and slide the assembly to the right (while facing the genset from the back) until the pins in the two inboard bearings are free. WARNING Exhaust gas is deadly. The exhaust system must not leak. Liability for injury, death, damage and warranty expense due to the use of an unapproved muffler or due to modifications becomes the responsibility of the person installing the unapproved muffler or performing the modifications. Use Onan approved exhaust system parts. INSTALLATION Installation is the reverse of removal. Always use new flange gaskets on both ends of the flexible con- 8-1 ELBOW AND FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR MUFFLER ASSEMBLY FLANGE GASKETS OUTBOARD MOUNTING BEARING MUFFLER OUTLET FLANGE ENGINE EXHAUST MANIFOLD FLANGE INBOARD MOUNTING BEARING (TWO) FIGURE 8-1. MUFFLER ASSEMBLY 8-2 9. Engine Cooling System GENERAL 4. Remove the two screws which secure the radiator to the inner bulkhead and pull it away. The genset has a liquid cooled engine. A centrifugal blower (Figure 11-2) is mounted on the end of the generator (PMA) rotor to move air for cooling the genset and radiator. The blower pulls air in from an opening in the bottom of the genset to pressurize the engine compartment. Air flows through the radiator from the top side into the muffler compartment and then out the bottom. See Figures 9-1 and 9-2. Alternative Removal Procedure 1. Perform Steps 1 and 2. 2. Remove the muffler (p. 8-1). 3. Disconnect the upper and lower hoses from the engine and loosen the hose bracket at the front of the engine. 4. Remove the screw which secures the system drain “T” (Figure 9-2). See Periodic Maintenance for cooling system maintenance. See Page 12-1 for instructions on how to replace the coolant pump drive belt. 5. Remove the two screws in the horizontal portion of the bulkhead that projects under the radiator. See the engine service manual for thermostat and pump service. 6. Pull the radiator, coolant recovery tank and inner bulkhead away as an assembly with all the hoses connected. RADIATOR REMOVAL RADIATOR INSTALLATION Removal Procedure Installation is the reverse of removal. If the inner bulkhead was removed, make sure the end of the crankcase breather hose (Figure 9-2) is pushed back through the exit hole in the bulkhead (Figure 9-1). 1. Remove the top and back housing panels of the genset (p. 6-3). 2. Drain the system. Hot coolant spray can cause severe burns. Let the engine cool before releasing the pressure cap or removing the drain cap. WARNING Make sure to reinstall the hose bracket at the front of the engine to keep the belt from rubbing on the hose. (The bracket squeezes the hose slightly.) Tighten all screws according to Thread Torques. 3. Disconnect all four hoses. 9-1 PRESSURE CAP RADIATOR INNER BULKHEAD COOLANT RECOVERY TANK UPPER RADIATOR HOSE THERMOSTAT HOUSING COOLANT PUMP PULLEY HOSE BRACKET CRANKCASE BREATHER HOSE EXIT FIGURE 9-1. ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM (I OF 2) 9-2 LOWER ENGINE HOSE UPPER RADIATOR HOSE COOLANT RECOVERY TANK PRESSURE CAP SYSTEM FILL HOSE SYSTEM VENT HOSE CRANKCASE BREATHER HOSE HOSE BRACKET RADIATOR LOWER RADIATOR HOSE LOWER ENGINE HOSE SYSTEM DRAIN “T” AND CAP INNER BULKHEAD FIGURE 9-2. ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM (2 OF 2) 9-3 10. Controller-Inverter GENERAL and remove the genset housing panels (p. 6-3). Figure 10-1 shows two views of the controller-inverter housing. Also shown are all of the wiring leads, connectors and terminals on the housing, and the heat sink for the electronic components inside. 2. Disconnect all external wiring connections and the grounding strap from the housing. 3. Remove the screw securing the housing to the radiator frame and inner bulkhead. There are no field replaceable parts inside the controller/inverter housing. See Troubleshooting to determine when it may be necessary to replace the assembly. 4. Remove the 6 screws securing the housing to the inlet baffle assembly (Figure 7-1). 5. Remove the 5 screws along the lower back of the housing and lift out the housing. Note: Tests with an ohmmeter or diode checker across the leads, terminals and connector pins on the controller/inverter housing itself have not been prescribed, as they would not lead to useful service information. INSTALLATION Note also that attempting to operate the genset with any of the wiring disconnected from the controller/ inverter assembly results only in shutdown and a Fault Code being displayed. Installation is the reverse of removal. 1. Make sure to reconnect the grounding eyelet in the AC harness (p. A-2) and the grounding strap from the skid-base. REMOVAL 2. Tighten all screws according to Thread Torques. 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting 10-1 SECURE ENGINE AND AC HARNESS SUPPORT CLIPS HERE J1 AND J2 FOR ENGINE HARNESS 6 LEADS WITH QUICK CONNECTORS 2 TO CT (CURRENT TRANSFORMER) IN AC HARNESS AND 4 TO GLOW PLUGS AND STARTER SOLENOID IN ENGINE HARNESS TB3 FOR AC HARNESS CONNECT GROUND STRAP FROM SKID-BASE AND GROUNDING EYELET IN AC HARNESS HERE 6 LEADS WITH QUICK CONNECTORS TO PMA LEADS FIGURE 10-1. CONTROLLER-INVERTER HOUSING 10-2 HEAT SINK CONTROLLER-INVERTER FUNCTIONS Stopping The controller-inverter is an integrated microprocessor-based engine and generator control. See the block diagram in Figure 10-2. It provides all the control, monitoring and diagnostics functions required to operate the genset. Major functions include: When the control switch is touched to the Stop position, the Controller disables output voltage, deenergizes the fuel pump and governor actuator, turns off the status indicator, writes session data (number of cranks, minutes of operation, last fault, etc.) to nonvolatile memory (NVM) and removes processor power when idle 5 minutes (battery saver function). Initialization Note: Stop takes precedence over Start if both present due to a faulty switch or other cause. Control initialization consists of checking memory (RAM, ROM, EEPROM) and genset configuration. Priming Starting When the control switch is pressed and held in the Stop position for more than 2 seconds, the Controller energizes the fuel pump and turns on the status indicator for as long as Stop is held. When the control switch is pressed and held in the Start position until start disconnect, the startup sequence of the Controller: 1. Energizes the fuel pump. 2. Flashes the status indicator to indicate preheat and crank. Note: Beginning Spec F, Stop must be released if stopping the genset and reapplied to prime. 3. Energizes the glow plugs for temperature-dependent durations (Tables 10-1 and 10-2). Speed Control 4. Energizes the governor actuator (moves toward full rack). The Controller maintains the speed range for which the genset is configured (Specifications). For RV configurations (HDKAH, HDKAJ and HDKAK) a speed of approximately 2300 rpm is commanded during the first minute, 1950 rpm during the second minute and 1600 rpm (idle) thereafter. Speed will be increased at any time as loading requires (variable speed control). 5. Energizes the starter when preheat has been completed. 6. Deenergizes the starter at 800 rpm. 7. Turns on the status indicator to indicate start disconnect. 8. Turns on Switched B+ (remote connector pin J8-F). Voltage Control 9. Enables the inverter (output voltage). The Inverter converts the 3-phase AC output of the engine-driven PMA (permanent magnet alternator) into 1-phase AC output at the voltage and frequency for which the genset is configured (follow the heavy arrows in Figure 10-2). The Controller maintains nominal AC voltage output during steady state operation. In response to transient loads the Controller adjusts the voltage setpoint to allow engine recovery. TABLE 10-1. PREHEAT TIMINGS Coolant Temp > 120 °F 0 sec Coolant Temp 50 °F Coolant Temp 23 °F 5 sec 10 sec Coolant Temp < −4 °F 15 sec TABLE 10-2. POSTHEAT TIMINGS* Coolant Temp > 70 °F 0 sec Coolant Temp < 70 °F 5 sec * − Following start disconnect Fault Shutdown and Diagnostics Note: Beginning Spec F, Start must be released and reapplied for subsequent start attempts. See Troubleshooting. 10-3 CONTROLLER-INVERTER ASSEMBLY (FOR ILLUSTRATION ONLY—INTERNAL PARTS NOT FIELD SERVICEABLE) INVERTER OVERTEMP LOCAL CONTROL REMOTE CONTROL PMA SWITCHED B+ DC BUS PC SERIAL CONNECTION (FOR FACTORY ONLY) FUEL PUMP CONTROLLER POWER DEVICES GLOW PLUGS STARTER GOVERNOR ACTUATOR AC FILTERS ENGINE SENSORS BATTERY CURRENT SENSOR CONTROL & FEEDBACK OUTPUT POWER AC OUTPUT FIGURE 10-2. CONTROLLER-INVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM 10-4 11. PMA (Generator) GENERAL ment, the test should be repeated after the windings have been dried. The most effective way of drying the stator windings, if the genset is operable, is to run it under full load for at least one hour. The genset has an 8-pole permanent magnet alternator (PMA) type of generator with a 3-phase stator (Figure 11-1). The magnets are bonded to the rotor with adhesive. The rotor is a one piece casting with the flywheel. A bearing is not used to support the end of the rotor and there are no slip rings, brushes or exciters. See Figure 11-2. Testing with a Digital Ohmmeter: A digital ohmmeter can be used (highest scale) as a preliminary check. It should read infinite resistance. Winding Resistance STATOR TESTS Testing with a Digital Ohmmeter: A digital ohmmeter can be used (lowest scale) as a preliminary check for an open winding. It should read approximately 1 ohm. Winding Insulation Resistance Test Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting and remove the top panel of the housing (p. 6-3). Testing with a Wheatstone Bridge: Use a Wheatstone bridge having at least a 0.001 ohm precision to measure the resistance across each winding lead pair: T1-1—T2-1, T3-1—T2-1, T1-1—T3-1, T1-2—T2-2, T3-2—T2-2, T1-2—T3-2. The resistance should be 0.997-1.219 ohms at 70° F (21° C). WARNING Do not operate the genset without the housing panels secured in place. The panels guard against rotating parts and bare live electrical parts that can cause severe personal injury or death. Disconnect the six PMA winding leads from the controller/inverter assembly leads (p. 10-2). T1-1 Testing with a Megger: A 500 VDC megger is recommended for testing winding insulation resistance. Apply the test voltage between a lead from each winding group (T1-1 and T1-2) and ground (stator laminations) for 10 minutes and record resistance values at one minute and at 10 minutes. T2-1 T1-2 Resistance values of at least 5 megohms should be obtained for a new stator with dry windings. The polarization index (the ratio of the resistance reading at 10 minutes to the reading at one minute) should also be at least 2. For a genset that has been in service, the resistance reading should not be less than 1 megohm nor the polarization index less than 2. T2-2 T3-1 T3-2 If the readings are low, or the genset has been in storage for a long time in a high-humidity environ- FIGURE 11-1. STATOR WINDING GROUPS 11-1 PMA ROTOR, FLYWHEEL AND STARTER RING GEAR PMA STATOR AND WINDING LEADS ENGINE COOLING BLOWER ENGINE FLYWHEEL HOUSING FIGURE 11-2. PMA ASSEMBLY 11-2 STATOR REMOVAL ROTOR REMOVAL The rotor can be unbolted from the engine after the stator has been removed. See Page 12-2 if the stator and engine are to be removed as an assembly. If the engine and rotor are to remain in place, remove the stator as follows: ROTOR INSTALLATION Note when installing the rotor that the five rotor-tocrankshaft bolts are not equally spaced, though they look as if they are. To register the rotor and crankshaft bolt holes properly before bolting: 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting and remove the housing (p. 6-3). 2. Disconnect the stator winding leads. 3. Remove the (p. 10-1). controller/inverter 1. Bar the engine until the counterweight on the front engine pulley is straight down. assembly 2. Mate the rotor to the crankshaft such that the middle line on the back of the flywheel lines up with the pointer in the window in the flywheel housing. See Figure 11-3. 4. Remove the blower (Figure 11-2). 5. Remove the air filter cover and element. 3. Tighten all bolts according to Thread Torques. 6. Remove the three screws which secure the inlet baffle assembly (Figure 7-1) to the base and the two screws which secure it to the inner bulkhead and tilt it out. MIDDLE LINE ON FLYWHEEL MUST LINE UP WITH POINTER IN HOUSING 7. Remove the 4 stator mounting bolts and pull the stator straight back. (The rotor magnets will resist the motion.) STATOR INSTALLATION Installation is the reverse of removal. The stator leads must be oriented as shown (Figure 11-2). The stator must sit square within the four guide ears in the flywheel housing. Tighten all bolts and screws according to Thread Torques. CAUTION The rotor magnets can be chipped by rough handling, especially along the edges. Guide the stator on and off carefully to avoid chipping the edges of the magnets. PULLEY COUNTERWEIGHT MUST BE DOWN To prevent loss of magnetism due to shock, protect the rotor from being dropped or struck while the stator is off, and keep metal chips away from the rotor. FIGURE 11-3. ROTOR-CRANKSHAFT ALIGNMENT 11-3 12. Engine ENGINE SERVICE ENGINE SENSORS See Engine Workshop Manual 981−0514 for servicing the engine proper and for adjusting valve clearance (lash), replacing the glow plugs, cleaning the crankcase breather assembly, replacing the coolant thermostat and pump and servicing the fuel injection system. See Page 16-1 for starter motor removal. See Periodic Maintenance regarding regular maintenance. The engine is equipped with a coolant temperature sensor and low oil pressure cutout switch (Figure 12-2). The associated fault codes are as follows: • No. 2—Low Oil Pressure • No. 23—Oil Pressure Switch Fault • No. 24—Temperature Sender Fault • No. 33—High Engine Temperature Fault Use the flywheel timing mark shown in Figure 12-1 when adjusting valve lash and fuel injector pump timing. The center line is 20° BTDC. The reference marks on either side are 4° degrees from the timing mark. See Troubleshooting. TIMING MARK REPLACING COOLANT PUMP BELT See Periodic Maintenance for the belt replacement interval. Since there is no means to adjust belt tension, it is critical that the correct replacement belt be used. (Belt tension increases slightly as the engine runs and is sufficient for the relatively light pump load.) Using the wrong coolant pump drive belt can lead to engine overheating. CAUTION To remove the belt, remove the negative (−) battery cable from the battery to prevent accidental starting of the set during replacement. Remove the 4 bolts which secure the pump pulley to its hub and pull the pulley and belt off. To install a new belt, run the belt over both pulleys and pull the pump pulley up to its hub and push it on. Secure the pulley with the 4 bolts and tighten the bolts according to Thread Torques. Re-attach negative (−) battery cable to the battery. FIGURE 12-1. ENGINE TIMING MARKS 12-1 ENGINE REMOVAL ENGINE INSTALLATION The engine is mounted on 3 vibration isolator mounts secured to the skid-base (Figure 12-2). To remove the engine: Installation is the reverse of removal. 1. Make sure the air seal ring is in place around the oil drain hole in the skid-base to seal against leakage of cooling air and noise. 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting. Remove the front, top, back and right end housing panels (p. 6-3). 2. Tighten all screws and bolts according to Thread Torques. 2. Remove the muffler (p. 8-1). 3. Make sure the engine crankcase breather hose is pushed back through the hole in the inner bulkhead (p. 9-3). 3. Remove the oil dipstick and disconnect the oil fill tube from the coolant recovery tank. (If the oil fill tube is to be removed from the oil pan, drain the oil first to avoid spillage.) REPLACING LOW OIL PRESSURE CUTOFF SWITCH 4. Drain the coolant system, disconnect the hoses at the engine and remove the radiator and inner bulkhead (p. 9-1). 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting and remove the front, top, back and right end housing panels (p. 6-3). 5. Disconnect the air inlet hose at the resonator (Figure 7-1). 6. Disconnect the PMA stator leads (Figure 11-2). 2. Remove the muffler (p. 8-1). 7. Disconnect the engine harness from the controller/inverter assembly and fuel pump. 3. Disconnect the the PMA stator leads (Figure 11-2) to prevent strain when the inner bulkhead is tilted. 8. Disconnect the skid-base ground strap from the flywheel housing. 4. Remove the screw that secures the coolant drain “T” (p. 9-3), the two screws in the horizontal portion of the bulkhead that projects under the radiator and the screw that secures the radiator to the controller/inverter assembly. 9. Disconnect the battery harness from the engine. CAUTION Using only one lifting eye will cause the unit to rotate and drop, causing severe equipment damage and possible personal injury. 5. Lift and tilt the inner bulkhead until the switch is accessible. 10. Attach a hoist at both the flywheel housing lifting eye and the front engine lifting eye. 6. Disconnect the lead and remove the switch. 11. Remove the three isolator-mount center bolts and lift the engine/PMA assembly away. Reassembly is the reverse of removal. Use thread sealant and tighten according to Thread Torques. Make sure the engine crankcase breather hose is pushed back through the hole in the inner bulkhead (p. 9-3). 12. Remove the cooling blower, PMA stator, rotor and flywheel housing from the engine (Figure 11-2). 12-2 HOT COOLANT OUTLET AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING COOLANT PUMP DRIVE PULLEY AND BELT GOVERNOR ACTUATOR CRANKCASE BREATHER FILTER HOUSING AND DISCHARGE TUBE STARTER MOTOR AND SOLENOID OIL FILL TUBE OIL FILTER COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENDER COOLANT PUMP INLET LOW OIL PRESSURE CUTOFF SWITCH AIR SEAL AROUND OIL DRAIN PLUG OIL PAN FIGURE 12-2. ENGINE AND ACCESSORIES 12-3 1 OF 3 ENGINE MOUNTS 13. Governor Actuator GENERAL Installation is the reverse of removal. Note the following: The governor actuator (Figure 13-1) is powered by the genset controller to position the fuel rack (Figure 13-2) according to load demand. 1. Use a long-nose pliers to rehook the governor spring to the actuator high-idle speed control lever. Note: The engine governor used with these gensets has 4 steel balls (Figure 13-2) instead of the 8 shown in the engine Workshop Manual. 2. Apply a liquid-type gasket (Three Bond 1215 or equivalent) to both sides of the new gasket between the engine gear cover and actuator base. ACTUATOR REMOVAL 3. Tighten the four base mounting screws according to Thread Torques. 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting and remove the front housing panel (p. 6-3). 4. Adjust the actuator speed control lever stop (beginning Spec B) before installing the rotor (p. 13-4). 2. Disconnect the two leads from the engine harness and remove the cover. 5. Install the rotor using a new retainer ring. Note that the ring is concave (dished). Push the dished side down against the rotor to keep it in place on the shaft. Uncontrolled release of spring tension can cause eye damage. Wear safety glasses with side shields when removing spring. WARNING 6. Install the stator and bearing carrier. Tighten the four mounting screws according to Thread Torques. 3. Use a screwdriver to pry the leg of the fuel rack return spring out of its slot in the bearing carrier. Be prepared to catch the spring from flying off. The genset may not stop reliably on command if the fuel rack return spring is not assembled properly. CAUTION 4. Remove the four stator screws and lift off the bearing carrier and stator. 5. Pry the rotor off the shaft. 7. Check the fuel rack return spring for wear and replace it if worn. This spring returns the fuel rack to the no-fuel position. Push the spring on over the flat on the shaft and then pry the leg into its slot in the bearing carrier (Figure 13-1). The extension below the knee must catch under the bearing carrier. Finally, push the spring down as far as it will go on the shaft. 6. Remove the four screws that secure the base to the top of the engine gear cover. Note that there are copper washers under the two inboard screw heads. These washers seal against oil seepage since these screw holes run through into the gear case. 7. Unhook the governor spring from the actuator high-idle speed control lever (top lever) while lifting the actuator assembly away. 8. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-5). 9. Snap the cover onto the actuator and then secure a wire tie around the actuator and cover to make sure the cover stays in place. ACTUATOR INSTALLATION Note: The actuator base assembly used for gensets beginning Spec B is the replacement part also for Spec A gensets. 10. Reconnect the two leads from the engine harness. 13-1 SPRING, SHAFT, BEARING ASSEMBLY SNAP-ON COVER ROTOR RETAINER RING FUEL RACK RETURN SPRING ROTOR SHAFT BEARING CARRIER TERMINALS STATOR FIGURE 13-1. GOVERNOR ACTUATOR 13-2 ACTUATOR HIGH-IDLE SPEED CONTROL LEVER FUEL INJECTION PUMP ASSEMBLY FUEL RACK CONTROL ROD ACTUATOR SPEED CONTROL LEVER 4-BALL GOVERNOR HIGH-IDLE STOP SCREW FIGURE 13-2. INTERNAL GOVERNOR PARTS 13-3 GOVERNOR SPRING ACTUATOR SPEED CONTROL LEVER STOP (BEGINNING SPEC B) The actuator speed control lever stop (Figure 13-3) must be adjusted whenever a different actuator base assembly is installed. The stop screw, rather than the fuel rack control lever, must stop the speed control linkage when the fuel rack is driven to the nofuel position (to the right, as shown in Figure 13-2). Actuator Rotor Not In Place 1. Assemble the actuator stator and bearing carrier to the base so that the shaft will be supported in its bearing. 2. Loosen the stop screw locknut and back the screw out a few turns. (Top one in the group of three.) 3. Turn the stop screw in until it just makes contact. Turn the screw one more full turn in and set the locknut. 4. Remove the bearing carrier and stator and complete reassembly with the rotor in place. ACTUATOR SPEED CONTROL LEVER STOP SCREW FIGURE 13-3. ACTUATOR SPEED CONTROL LEVER STOP (BEGINNING SPEC B) Actuator Rotor In Place 1. Loosen the stop screw locknut and back the screw out a few turns. (Top one in the group of three.) 2. Turn the stop screw in until it just makes contact and set the locknut. 13-4 HIGH-IDLE SPEED B. Adjust high-idle speed by turning the adjusting screw and set its lock nut. High-idle speed must be readjusted each time the governor actuator base or the fuel injector pump is installed. C. Run the clamping screw back in by hand until snug, back it out 1-1/2 turns and set its lock nut. WARNING This adjustment involves operating the genset without a housing panel in place. The panels guard against rotating parts and bare live electrical parts that can cause severe personal injury or death. Keep your hands, clothing, and jewelry away from the engine pulleys, blower blades and electrical terminal block TB3 on the controller/inverter housing (Figure 10-1). 8. Let the rotor go. The genset should stop and display a fault code. Restart the genset and recheck high idle speed. Readjust if necessary. Note: The genset will only run a few minutes before shutting down because the controller has shut down the fuel pump. 1. Remove the front housing panel (p. 6-3). 2. Set up a tachometer to indicate engine speed. (If the tachometer has to be held or adjusted while taking a reading, it will take two people to make this adjustment.) 3. Remove the actuator cover and reconnect the leads. 4. Start the genset and push the actuator rotor clockwise by hand as far as it will go (about 1/2 inch [12 mm]) and hold it there. (It may be easier to use a wrench on the flat at the top of the shaft to hold the rotor position.) Make sure the fuel rack return spring is in place on the rotor shaft to shut down the genset if you lose hold. PUSH HERE TO ROTATE ROTOR SPEED ADJUSTING SCREW ACCESS (2.5 MM ALLEN HEAD) FIGURE 13-4. HIGH-IDLE SPEED ADJUSTMENT (SPEC A) Do not let engine speed exceed 3600 rpm. PMA voltages caused by higher speeds can damage the controller/inverter. CAUTION 5. Adjust high-idle speed to 3500-3600 rpm: 6. Spec A: (Figure 13-4) A. If the genset hunts under full load, see HIGH IDLE STOP SCREW ADJUSTMENT (p. 13-6). PUSH HERE TO ROTATE ROTOR B. Adjust high-idle speed by turning the adjusting screw (2.5 mm allen head). SPEED ADJUSTING SCREW 7. Beginning Spec B: (Figure 13-5). A. Loosen the lock nuts on the two screws in the bottom row and remove the clamping screw. CLAMPING SCREW FIGURE 13-5. HIGH-IDLE SPEED ADJUSTMENT (BEGINNING SPEC B) 13-5 HIGH-IDLE STOP SCREW 2. Adjust the high-idle stop screw in the front of the engine to obtain a speed of 3550 to 3590 rpm, while holding the actuator fully clockwise, and set the jam nuts. On Spec A engines prior to 1997 adjust the high-idle stop screw (Figure 13-6) if the genset hunts under full load. 1. Back off high-idle speed in accordance with Steps 4 and 5 of the HIGH-IDLE SPEED adjustment procedure (p. 13-5) to less than 3300 rpm. 3. Readjust high-idle speed according to Step 5 of the HIGH-IDLE SPEED adjustment procedure (p. 13-5). HIGH-IDLE STOP SCREW FIGURE 13-6. HIGH-IDLE STOP SCREW (SPEC A PRIOR TO 1997) 13-6 14. Fuel System GENERAL Removal and Installation Figure 14-1 shows two views of the fuel filter, pump and hoses for delivering fuel to and from the fuel injection system. The fuel pump mounting screws are accessible from below the skid-base and the fuel pump is removeable through the maintenance access door. Unless provision has been made to provide access to these screws, the genset will have to be tilted up or removed from the vehicle. Diesel fuel is combustible and can cause severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke near fuel tanks or fuel-burning equipment or are in an area sharing ventilation with such equipment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot flames, electrical arcs and switches and other sources of ignition well away. Keep a type ABC fire extinguisher handy. WARNING When installing a fuel pump make sure the air seal is placed around the fuel inlet fitting to seal against leakage of cooling air and noise. Tighten all screws according to Thread Torques. Thread Sealant and Fuel Line Fittings Always wipe dirt off fuel fittings before disconnecting them to keep dirt from entering the fuel system. CAUTION The fuel line between the fuel pump and fuel filter has flare fittings. Do not use any type of thread sealant on flare fittings. FUEL PUMP The connections for fuel supply and return that extend through the side of the base are pipe thread fittings. For these fittings use liquid-type pipe thread sealant Listed as suitable for diesel fuel. Apply the sealant sparingly to the male threads only. Fuel Flow Test 1. Disconnect the fuel return hose from the line to the supply tank and point the end into a quart (1 liter) or larger container that has volume graduations. CAUTION Excess liquid-type pipe thread sealant or pieces of teflon-type pipe thread sealant can plug the engine fuel system. Apply liquid-type pipe thread sealant sparingly to the male threads only. Do not use teflon tape. 2. Prime the genset by pushing the Start/Stop switch to STOP and holding it there for the duration of the test. Flow should not be less than 200 ml (0.4 pints) per minute. 3. If flow is less than specified: FUEL FILTER A. Replace the fuel filter. The fuel filter is mounted on a bracket just above the maintenance access door in the skid-base. See Periodic Maintenance for the filter replacement interval. B. Check for other restrictions in the fuel lines. C. Check for air bubbles in the fuel. Tighten fittings and replace fuel lines as necessary. Replace a cracked fuel filter body. FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM See the Engine Workshop Manual for fuel injection system service. D. Replace the fuel pump. 14-1 INJECTOR RETURN LINE INJECTOR PUMP SUPPLY FUEL SUPPLY FITTING FUEL PUMP SHIELD FUEL FILTER FUEL PUMP FUEL FILTER BRACKET MOUNTING SCREWS PUMP TO FILTER LINE FUEL RETURN FITTING AIR SEAL PUMP MOUNTING SCREWS FIGURE 14-1. FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM 14-2 15. Battery Charger REMOVAL and remove the front, top and left end housing panels (p. 6-3). The battery charger is optional. The charger and its transformer are mounted on the skid-base as shown in Figure 15-1. 2. Remove the battery charger. 3. Remove the controller/inverter assembly (Figure 10-1), the cooling blower (Figure 11-2) and the air intake hoses from the back of the air filter housing (Figure 7-1). Battery Charger Removal 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting and remove the front housing panel (p. 6-3). 4. Disconnect the quick connectors in the two remaining leads (four leads altogether). 2. Disconnect the quick-connectors in the two leads to the transformer and disconnect the third lead at the starter solenoid. 5. Remove the two mounting screws. INSTALLATION 3. Remove the mounting screw. Transformer Removal Installation of the battery charger and transformer is the reverse of removal. Tighten all screws according to Thread Torques. 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting TRANSFORMER BATTERY CHARGER FIGURE 15-1. BATTERY CHARGER AND TRANSFORMER 15-1 16. Starter Motor REMOVAL See Figure 16-1. To remove the starter motor assembly from the genset: 1. Disconnect the negative (-) battery cable from the battery to prevent the genset from starting. 2. If the genset is installed in the vehicle and does not have an access door in the front panel, open the maintenance access door in the skidbase and remove the fuel filter and its mounting bracket (Figure 14-1). WARNING Diesel fuel is combustible and can cause severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electrical arcs and arc-producing equipment and all other sources of ignition well away. Keep a type ABC fire extinguisher handy. 3. If the genset has been removed from the vehicle, remove the front housing panel (p. 6-3). (If the genset has an access door in the front panel, remove the access door instead.) 4. Disconnect all wires and cables from the motor terminals. 5. Remove the two starter mounting bolts and remove the starter. INSTALLATION Installation is the reverse of removal. Tighten bolts and terminals according to Thread Torques. FIGURE 16-1. STARTER MOTOR AND SOLENOID 16-1 STARTER SOLENOID REPLACEMENT 3. Using a heavy cable from the negative (−) terminal on the battery, briefly touch the mounting flange on the motor. WARNING This test involves high electrical currents, strong arcing and moving parts that can cause severe personal injury. Do not conduct this test near fuel tanks or when flammable vapors are present. Wear safety glasses. Keep fingers away from the pinion gear. A. If the motor does not spin up quickly and smoothly, replace the motor/solenoid assembly. The starter solenoid is separately replaceable. To determine whether the problem is in the solenoid or in the motor: B. If the motor does spin up quickly and smoothly, the motor is probably okay: replace the solenoid. 1. Secure the motor assembly in a vice after it has been removed from the genset. C. The solenoid is removeable by disconnecting the motor lead from the solenoid terminal and removing the two solenoid mounting nuts. When installing a new solenoid, make sure the solenoid plunger engages the shift fork. 2. Using a heavy jumper cable, because of the large currents involved, connect the motor terminal on the solenoid (the one closest to the motor) to the positive (+) terminal on a 12 volt battery. 16-2 17. Service Checklist GENERAL EXHAUST SYSTEM After servicing, inspect and test the installation to confirm that the genset will operate as intended. Check each of the areas described below before putting the genset into service. While the genset is running inspect the entire exhaust system. Look and listen for leaks at all connections, welds, gaskets and joints. Also make sure the exhaust pipe is not overheating adjacent materials or equipment. Do not run the genset until all exhaust leaks have been repaired. HOUSING WARNING Exhaust gas is deadly. The exhaust system must not leak and must discharge all exhaust away from the vehicle. Do not run the genset until the exhaust leaks have been repaired. Check to see that all housing panels and access covers are in place and secure (p. 6-3). MOUNTING Examine all mounting bolts and supporting members to verify that the genset is properly mounted. All fasteners should be tightened securely to prevent them from working loose when subjected to vibration. The exhaust tailpipe must be supported by a hanger near the vehicle perimeter and terminate at least 1 inch outside the perimeter and at least 1 foot from doors and windows. FUEL SYSTEM LUBRICATION While the genset is running, inspect the fuel supply and return lines, filter and fittings for leaks. Check flexible sections for cuts, cracks and abrasions and make sure they are not rubbing against anything that could cause leakage. Repair all fuel leaks immediately. If the engine oil was drained, refill as instructed in Periodic Maintenance. COOLING SYSTEM If the engine coolant was drained, refill as instructed in Periodic Maintenance. Diesel fuel is combustible. Leaking fuel could lead to fire and to severe personal injury or death. Repair fuel leaks immediately. WARNING WIRING Verify that all wiring connections are tight and installed properly. Check each of these connections: CONTROL Stop and start the genset several times at the control panel on the genset and at the remote control board (if provided) to verify that they work properly. • Load wires • Control wires MECHANICAL • Ground straps Stop the genset and inspect it for leaking gaskets, loose fasteners, damaged components and interference with other equipment. Repair as necessary. Inspect the generator compartment and verify that there are no breaks or openings in the vapor-proof wall that separates the compartment from the vehicle interior. Seal openings as necessary. Make sure that all soundproofing material is in place. • Battery cables OUTPUT CHECK Apply a full load to make sure the genset can produce its full rated output. Use a load test panel to apply a progressively greater load until full load is reached. 17-1 18. Troubleshooting TROUBLESHOOTING WITH TABLE 18-1 blink-blink-blink—pause—blink-blink-blink —longer pause— blink-blink-blink—pause—blink-blink-blink—... To aid troubleshooting the genset controller causes the status indicator light to blink the numeric code assigned to the fault that caused shutdown. For a brief description of the fault and step-by-step corrective action, refer to TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING, which lists the fault codes in numerical order. RESTORING FAULT CODE BLINKING The fault code stops blinking after five minutes. Prior to Spec F, one touch to Stop restores fault code blinking. Beginning Spec F, 3 touches to Stop are required (also earlier Spec gensets with newer replacement controller-inverter assemblies). Many genset shutdowns can be avoided by performing periodic maintenance on schedule (TABLE 5-1. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE) and by not running the genset out of fuel. Note that when the genset and propulsion engine draw from the same fuel tank, the fuel dip tubes are usually arranged so that the genset will run out of fuel first. By marking the genset empty point on the fuel gauge, it will be easier to tell when the genset may run out of fuel. NOTE: The last fault logged will blink even though the condition that caused the shutdown may have been corrected. BYPASSABLE FAULTS: PRIOR TO SPEC F When a fault condition persists, the genset shuts down when an attempt is made to restart. Prior to Spec F, (unless the controller assembly has been replaced) there are four faults the genset controller will bypass on a second attempt at restart: FAULT CODE BLINKING At fault shutdown, the status indicator light will repeatedly blink sets of 1, 2 or 3 blinks. • No. 17—fuel pump fault • No. 18—glow plug fault • One blink indicates shutdown due to high engine coolant temperature. • No. 23—oil pressure switch fault • No. 24—temperature sender fault. • Two blinks indicate shutdown due to a loss of engine oil pressure. Before making the second attempt at starting the genset, however, consider the following: • Three blinks is code for shutdown due to some other abnormal condition. • As long as the ambient temperature is greater than 77° F (25° C), a glow plug fault (No. 18) will not affect starting or operation. As the ambient temperature keeps dropping, however, the genset will eventually fail to start. For a 1-blink or 3-blink fault code, one touch to Stop brings up a second-level fault code. This code consists of 1, 2, 3 or 4 or blinks, a brief pause, and then 1 to 9 blinks. The first set of blinks represents the tens digit and the second set of blinks the units digit of the fault code number in Table 18-1. For example, Fault Code No. 23 would be: • Bypassing an oil pressure switch fault (No. 23) or temperature sender fault (No. 24) could lead to serious engine damage if the oil pressure fails or the engine overheats. blink-blink—pause—blink-blink-blink—... Operating the genset under oil pressure switch or temperature sender fault conditions can lead to serious engine damage. Read the Warranty regarding possible exclusions when operating the genset under such conditions. CAUTION NOTE: Consciously avoid mistaking Fault Codes 11, 22 and 33 for Fault Codes 1, 2 and 3. The pauses between repetitions of the fault code are longer than the pauses between the tens and units digits of the the code. For example, Fault Code 33 would be: 18-1 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. GENSET WON’T STOP RUNNING—STATUS INDICATOR LIGHT ON (Faulty Stop Switch or grounded wiring) @@@@ WARNING Removing genset panels or disconnecting fuel lines to stop a genset that won’t stop can lead to severe personal injury or death from electrocution, contact with moving parts or fire. • Try the genset Stop Switch if the remote Stop Switch does not work and vice versa. • If possible, pinch flexible fuel hoses until the genset stops. • Otherwise, let the genset run out of fuel before attempting service. Corrective Action: 1. Try the genset Stop Switch if the remote Stop Switch does not work, and vice versa. If only the genset Stop Switch works, go to Step 2. If neither switch works, or only the remote Stop Switch, go to Step 3. 2. Disconnect the remote control panel connector (J8/P8). While pressing the Remote Stop Switch, check for electrical continuity between remote control connector pins J8-A and J8-E. Replace a switch that does not close when pressed to Stop and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 3. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Reconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8) and while pressing the respective Stop Switch, check for electrical continuity between: A. Pin P2-3 (remote stop) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). B. Pin P2-10 (local stop) and pin P2-11 (local ground). C. Replace a switch that does not close when pressed to Stop, check for missing, bent or corroded terminals and connector pins and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 4. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). GENSET WON’T STOP RUNNING—STATUS INDICATOR LIGHT OFF (Binding governor mechanism, misadjusted speed stop) @@@@ WARNING Removing genset panels or disconnecting fuel lines to stop a genset that won’t stop can lead to severe personal injury or death from electrocution, contact with moving parts or fire. • Try the genset Stop Switch if the remote Stop Switch does not work and vice versa. • If possible, pinch flexible fuel hoses until the genset stops. • Otherwise, let the genset run out of fuel before attempting service. Corrective Action: 1. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and check the fuel rack return spring and replace it if worn or broken (Figure 13-1). Make sure it is reassembled correctly. 2. Check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand— against the action of the fuel rack return spring. It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it or service the internal engine governor mechanism (Figure 13-2) as necessary. 3. Readjust the actuator speed control lever stop so that the fuel rack can go to no-fuel (p. 13-4). 18-2 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. STATUS INDICATOR LIGHT STAYS ON (Reversed battery connections) Corrective Action: Reconnect the battery correctly. ENGINE CRANKS WHEN BATTERY CONNECTED (Faulty Start Switch or grounded wiring) Corrective Action: 1. Disconnect the remote control panel connector (J8/P8). Check for electrical continuity between remote control connector pins J8-A and J8-C. Replace a switch that does not open when released and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 2. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Reconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8) and check for electrical continuity between: A. Pin P2-1 (remote start) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). B. Pin P2-12 (local start) and pin P2-11 (local ground). C. Replace a switch that does not open when released and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 3. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). ENGINE WON’T CRANK—FUEL PUMP WON’T STOP (Faulty Stop Switch or grounded wiring) Corrective Action: 1. Disconnect the remote control panel connector. Check for electrical continuity between remote control connector pins J8-A and J8-E. Replace a switch that does not open when released and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 2. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Reconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8) and check for electrical continuity between: A. Pin P2-3 (remote stop) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). B. Pin P2-10 (local stop) and pin P2-11 (local ground). C. Replace a switch that does not open when released and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 3. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). 18-3 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. STATUS INDICATOR LIGHT DEAD (Faulty connections, no battery voltage) Corrective Action: 1. Try the genset Start Switch if the remote Start Switch does not work, and vice versa. Disconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8) and try the genset Start Switch again. If nothing works, go to Step 2. If only the genset start switch works, go to Step 9. If only the remote start switch works, go to Step 12. 2. Replace Fuse F1 (B+) if blown. 3. Clean and tighten the positive (+) and negative (−) battery cable connections at the battery, vehicle frame and genset. 4. Recharge or replace the battery. Refer to the battery manufacturer’s recommendations. 5. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). Check that all engine and battery harness wires (p. A-1, A-3) are properly connected to the grounding bolt on the flywheel housing, to the B+ terminal on the starter solenoid and to the battery terminal block (p. A-3). Clean and tighten connections and replace wiring as necessary. 6. Disconnect engine harness connector P1 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Check for B+ (12 VDC) at pin P1-8 and for continuity to ground at pin P1-7. Check for missing, bent or corroded connector pins and faulty wiring and repair as necessary. 7. Disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4) and reconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8). Press the switch and check for electrical continuity between: A. Pin P2-1 (remote start) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). B. Pin P2-3 (remote stop) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). C. Pin P2-12 (local start) and pin P2-11 (local ground). D. Pin P2-10 (local stop) and pin P2-11 (local ground). E. Replace switches that do not close when pressed, check for missing, bent or corroded terminals and connector pins and faulty wiring and repair as necessary. 8. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). 9. Disconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8). Check for electrical continuity between remote control connector pins J8-A and J8-C. Replace a switch that does not close when pressed and repair or reconnect wiring as necessary. 10. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4) and reconnect the remote control panel (J8/P8). Press the switch, check and for electrical continuity between: A. Pin P2-1 (remote start) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). B. Pin P2-3 (remote stop) and pin P2-2 (remote ground). C. Replace a switch that does not close when pressed, check for missing, bent or corroded terminals and connector pins and faulty wiring and repair as necessary. 11. Replace the controller assembly (p.10-1). 12. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Press the switch and check for electrical continuity between: A. Pin P2-12 (local start) and pin P2-11 (local ground). B. Pin P2-10 (local stop) and pin P2-11 (local ground). C. Replace a switch that does not close when pressed, check for missing, bent or corroded terminals and connector pins and faulty wiring and repair as necessary. 13. Replace the controller assembly (p.10-1). 18-4 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. STARTING BATTERIES RUN DOWN (Marginal battery, battery connections or charging system or parasitic loads) Corrective Action: 1. Clean and tighten the positive (+) and negative (−) battery cable connections at the battery, vehicle frame and genset. 2. Recharge or replace the battery. Refer to the battery manufacturer’s recommendations. 3. Install or service a battery charging system in the vehicle if the genset is not so equipped. 4. If the genset is equipped with a battery charging system, check performance by measuring voltage across the battery terminals while running the genset. Watch the meter while turning the genset circuit breaker (operator’s console) on and off several times. The battery charger is probably okay if voltage jumps to more than 12 VDC each time the breaker is turned on. Check for parasitic loads external to the genset and/or replace the battery. 5. If the battery charger does not seem to be working, remove the front housing panel (p. 6-3). If loose, reconnect battery charger transformer input connectors J12 and J13 to the AC harness (p. A-2, A-4), output connectors J14 and J15 to the battery charger (p. A-4) and the battery charger output lead to the B+ terminal on the starter solenoid. 6. Disconnect transformer connectors J12 through J15 and check winding continuity across J12−J13 and across J14−J15. Replace the transformer if a winding is open (p. 15-1). 7. Reconnect J12 and J13 and run the genset. Replace the battery charger if transformer output across J14−J15 is approximately 16.3 VAC. If not, go to Step 8. 8. Disconnect J12 and J13 and measure voltage. Replace the transformer if there is approximately 120 VAC across J12−J13. If not, go to Step 9. 9. Replace or repair wiring in the AC harness if there is no voltage. @@@@ WARNING This test involves operating the genset with housing panels removed. The panels guard against rotating parts and bare live electrical parts that can cause severe personal injury or death. Keep your hands away from the engine pulleys, blower blades and electrical terminal block TB3 on the controller housing (Figure 10-1). 18-5 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. ENGINE CRANKS BUT DOES NOT START (Fuel delivery, glow plugs or engine are marginal) Corrective Action: 1. Check fuel level. (Note: The genset fuel pickup is probably higher than the vehicle engine pickup.) 2. Prime the engine fuel system. 3. Check the engine air filter and remove any blockage. 4. Replace Fuse F3 (glow plugs) if blown. If it blows again, go to Step 8. 5. Check for fuel and air leaks at each fitting in the fuel supply line. (Note: White smoke indicates air in the fuel.) 6. Conduct a fuel flow test and service as necessary (p. 14-1). 7. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3) and observe the governor actuator rotor (Figure 13-1) while cranking. (Remember to reattach the leads after removing the cover.) The rotor should rotate smoothly through about 1/2 inch (12 mm). If it does not, check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand—against the action of the fuel rack return spring. It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it, or service the internal engine governor mechanism (Figure 13-2), as necessary. 8. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and check out the glow plug system as follows: A. If the glow plugs are not working, it can be the result of a failed temperature sensor which results in a no start. B. If loose, reconnect spade connector HR-1 to the glow plug bus bar at the front of the engine, engine harness connectors A1-J7 and A1-J8 to the leads from the controller assembly (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4), and the engine harness ground connections to the flywheel housing. C. Disconnect HR-1 from the glow plug bus bar and A1-J8 from the controller assembly (p. 10-1). Check for continuity (ground short) between either connector and ground. Replace wiring as necessary. D. Remove the glow plug bus bar along side the engine valve cover and check for electrical continuity between each glow plug terminal and ground. Replace any open glow plug (p. 12-1). Note: If a glow plug does not come out after unscrewing it, or the end has broken off, it will be necessary to remove the engine head. Glow plugs can swell if preheat voltage is greater than 14 volts, such as when a battery booster is used for starting. E. Check for B+ on the glow plug bus bar while pressing Start. Replace the controller assembly if B+ is not available for preheat in accordance with Table 10-1. 9. Service the engine (p. 12-1). 18-6 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. STARTER ENGAGES-DISENGAGES (Cranking voltage dips below 6 volts—low battery charge, poor connections, long cables) Corrective Action: 1. Have the vehicle propulsion engine running while trying to start the genset—the battery charging alternator may be able to maintain starting voltage high enough to get the genset started. 2. Clean and tighten the positive (+) and negative (−) battery cable connections at the battery, vehicle frame and genset. 3. Recharge or replace the battery. Refer to the battery manufacturer’s recommendations. 4. Increase battery cable size or run parallel cables. 5. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) Check that all engine and battery harness wires (p. A-1, A-3) are properly connected to the grounding bolt on the flywheel housing, to the B+ terminal on the starter solenoid and to the battery terminal block (p. A-3). Clean and tighten connections and replace wiring as necessary. 6. Disconnect engine harness connector P1 from the controller (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Check for B+ (12 VDC) at pin P1-8 and for continuity to ground at pin P1-7. Check for missing, bent or corroded connector pins and faulty wiring and repair as necessary. NO POWER—GENSET RUNNING, RUN LIGHT ON (Line circuit breaker OFF or tripped or faulty wiring) Corrective Action: 1. Reset or turn “On” the line circuit breaker on the genset operator’s console. 2. Reset or turn “On” the line circuit breakers on the main distribution panel in the vehicle. 3. Check the voltage at genset AC output terminal block TB2. If there is approximately 120 VAC across TB2-1 and TB2-3 and across TB2-2 and TB2-4, repair or reconnect the wiring between the genset and the vehicle. If there is no voltage, go to Step 4. 4. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and check for proper AC harness connections at TB3, TB2 and the line circuit breakers (Figure 10-1, p. A-2, A-4). Reconnect wiring as necessary and tighten all terminal screws and nuts. 5. Check for electrical continuity across the terminals of each breaker (p. A-2). Replace a circuit breaker which lacks electrical continuity when “On”. 6. Run the genset and measure voltages. If there is approximately 120 VAC across TB3-1 and TB3-2, replace the AC wiring harness. If there is no voltage, replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). @@@@ WARNING This test involves operating the genset with housing panels removed. The panels guard against rotating parts and bare live electrical parts that can cause severe personal injury or death. Keep your hands, clothing, jewelry, and hair away from the engine pulleys, blower blades and electrical terminal block TB3 on the controller housing (Figure 10-1). 18-7 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. GENSET HUNTS UNDER FULL LOAD (Fuel delivery marginal, governor misadjusted) Corrective Action: 1. Prime the engine fuel system by holding the control switch down in its Stop position for at least 1 minute. 2. Check for fuel and air leaks at each fitting in the fuel supply line. 3. Conduct a fuel flow test and service as necessary (p. 14-1). 4. Connect a source of known fuel quality, prime the fuel system, and run the genset. If performance improves, replace the bad fuel in the supply tank. 5. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-5). HIGH TEMPERATURE—FAULT CODE NO. 1 (Engine coolant or inverter heat sink temperature exceeded design limit) Corrective Action: Check the second-level fault code by touching Stop. The second-level fault will be either No. 33 or No. 34. LOW OIL PRESSURE—FAULT CODE NO. 2 (Low oil pressure cutoff switch did not open) Corrective Action: 1. Check engine oil level and add oil as necessary. 2. Drain excess oil (above dipstick Full mark). 3. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3). Reconnect engine harness spade connector S2 to the low oil pressure cutout switch (Figure 12-2) if it is loose (short to ground will cause shutdown). 4. Disconnect engine harness connector P2 (p. A-1) from the controller assembly (Figure 10-1) and the pressure switch. Check both ends for electrical continuity to ground. Replace wiring as necessary if the lead is shorted to ground. 5. Install an oil pressure gauge in place of the pressure switch and observe oil pressure after the engine has run a few minutes (let RV models step down to low idle speed). Replace the low oil pressure cutoff switch if engine oil pressure is 14 psi (98 kPa) or greater. Service the engine if engine oil pressure is less than 14 psi (98 kPa). (Simulate normal switch operation to keep the genset running during the test by starting with connector S2 grounded and removing it from ground when the engine starts.) @@@@ WARNING This test involves operating the genset with housing panels removed. The panels guard against rotating parts and bare live electrical parts that can cause severe personal injury or death. Keep your hands, clothing, jewelry, and hair away from the engine pulleys, blower blades and electrical terminal block TB3 on the controller housing (Figure 10-1). 18-8 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. SERVICE CHECK FAULT—CODE NO. 3 (A second-level fault occurred) Corrective Action: Check the second-level fault code by touching Stop. The second-level fault will be one of the following in this table. See Page 18-1 for a description of how the fault code blinks. SERVICE CHECK FAULT—CODE NO. 4 (Begin Spec K) Corrective Action: Set has been commanded to crank, and cranks for a total of 35 seconds continuous, without the set starting (speed exceeding − 1200 RPM) Typical troubleshooting should be related to an out of fuel condition (see FC36) − check fuel flow and return, actuator operation, wiring, etc. OVERLOAD—CODE NO. 8 (Models HDKAH & HDKAV only: Load exceeded110 percent of genset rating for 2 minutes) Corrective Action: Reduce load and restart 18-9 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. OVERCURRENT FAULT—CODE NO. 11 (AC output short) Logic: If inverter is enabled and inverter short circuit is indicated for > 3 counts. Corrective Action: 1. Turn−off the genset line circuit−breaker. If the genset no longer shuts down, the genset is probably okay − check for and repair a short−circuit in the vehicle, wiring or shorted battery−charger transformer. • Short Circuit Test: − Check resistance across inverter output terminals (with and without breaker). − Meter should read ’Open’ if there are no shorts. − If meter reads a low resistance value, it indicates a short either in wiring and/or loads. 2. Remove battery charger loads and transfer switch/es connected directly to the inverter output. Also remove any motor starting loads such as Air conditioners, Vacuum cleaners etc. Note: If this step resolves the issue, check to see if there are any issues with specific loads. 3. Check whether the vehicle engine and genset share the same starting battery, if so and this fault occurs when cranking the vehicle engine, low battery voltage maybe causing this shutdown. Increase battery capacity or connect to house battery or install a separate battery and battery charging system for the genset. If the genset still shuts down and has spec # ”11296” in the Model Number, go to step 4. if not, go to step 5. 4. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect the AC harness (p. A-2) from TB3 on the controller assembly (Figure 10-1). Reconnect the short grounding lead in the harness to TB3−2 so that the genset will run. If the genset no longer shuts down, find and repair the short in the AC harness, reconnecting the line circuit breaker, output terminal block (TB2) and battery−charger as necessary. 5. Perform PMA stator test (p. 11-1). If all values are within spec, go to step 6. 6. Replace the controller assembly. Document all details of the troubleshooting steps including load type and conditions. INVERTER OVERVOLTAGE FAULT—CODE NO. 12 (Controller not able to regulate to rated voltage) Corrective Action: 1. Check whether the vehicle engine and genset share the same starting battery. If so, and this fault occurs when cranking the vehicle engine, low battery voltage may be causing this shutdown. Increase battery capacity or install a separate battery and battery charging system for the genset. 2. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). 18-10 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. INVERTER UNDERVOLTAGE FAULT—CODE NO. 13 (Controller not able to regulate to rated voltage) Corrective Action: 1. Check whether the vehicle engine and genset share the same starting battery. If so, and this fault occurs when cranking the vehicle engine, low battery voltage may be causing this shutdown. Increase battery capacity or install a separate battery and battery charging system for the genset. 2. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). A. If loose, reconnect the leads of current transformer (p. A-2, A-4) to controller leads J9 and J10. If that does not work, check resistance. If electrical resistance is not 15 to 25 ohms, replace the current transformer. B. Check for proper connections between the generator (PMA) and the controller assembly and reconnect as necessary. C. Check for a shorted generator stator winding (p. 11-1). If a winding is shorted, replace the stator. 3. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). INVERTER OVERFREQUENCY FAULT—CODE NO. 14 (Controller not able to regulate to rated frequency) Logic: With inverter enabled, set is running at rpm > 800 and inverter frequency > 102.5% rated for 5 samples (125ms). Corrective Action: 1. Reduce the number of connected appliances, especially when air conditioners and on board battery−charger are running. 2. Replace the controller assembly. Document all details of the troubleshooting steps. INVERTER UNDERFREQUENCY FAULT—CODE NO. 15 (Controller not able to regulate to rated frequency) Logic: With inverter enabled, set is running with rpm > 800 and inverter frequency < 97.5% rated for 5 samples (125ms). Corrective Action: 1. Reduce the number of connected appliances, especially when air conditioners and battery charger are running. 2. Verify that air−conditioners are working properly. 3. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3) and check for correct connections at terminal TB3−1 and TB3−2 (Figure 10-1). 4. Check PMA connections for continuity. Reconnect PMA leads and retest. 5. Check high idle adjustments. 6. If problem is not resolved, replace the controller assembly. Document all details of the troubleshooting steps. 18-11 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. FUEL PUMP FAULT—CODE NO. 17* (Controller sensed open circuit) Corrective Action: 1. Try priming the fuel system by holding the control switch at Stop. If the fuel pump functions, the fault was improperly declared and will probably not recur. 2. If loose, reconnect the two fuel pump leads (p. A-1, A-4). They are accessible through the access door in the skid-base, and also through an access door in the front panel on some models. 3. Disconnect the fuel pump leads from the engine wiring harness and connect the white fuel pump lead to the positive (+) terminal of a 12 volt battery and the black lead to the negative (−) terminal. Replace the pump if there is no audible sound or vibration. 4. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connector P1 (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4) from the controller assembly. Check for electrical continuity between pin P1-2 and connector E2-1 and between E2-2 and ground and repair as necessary. Also check for missing, bent or corroded terminals and connector pins and repair or reconnect as necessary. * − This is a bypassable fault discontinued beginning Spec F. GLOW PLUG CIRCUIT PROTECTION FAULT—CODE NO. 18* (Controller sensed short circuit) Corrective Action: 1. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3) and, if loose, reconnect engine harness spade connector HR-1 (p. A-1, A-4) to the glow plug bus bar at the front of the engine (short to ground will cause shutdown). 2. Disconnect engine harness connector HR-1 at the glow plug bus bar and A1-J8 at the controller assembly. Check for continuity between either connector and ground (ground short). Replace the engine harness if it is shorted to ground. 3. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). * − This is a bypassable fault discontinued beginning Spec F. GOVERNOR ACTUATOR FAULT—CODE NO. 19 (Controller sensed open or short circuit) Corrective Action: 1. Remove the front housing panel (p. 6-3) and reconnect the engine wiring harness connectors E1-1 and E1-2 to the governor actuator if they are loose. Polarity does not matter. 2. Measure actuator coil resistance with a digital ohmmeter. Replace the actuator stator assembly if coil resistance is not 1.7 to 2.8 ohms. 3. Disconnect engine harness connector P1 from the controller assembly (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Check for electrical continuity between pin P1-1 and quick connector E1-1 and between E1-2 and ground. Replace the engine harness if either leg lacks electrical continuity. Also check for missing, bent or corroded terminals and connector pins and repair or reconnect as necessary. 18-12 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. STARTER SOLENOID CIRCUIT PROTECTION FAULT—CODE NO. 21* (Controller sensed short circuit) Corrective Action: 1. Open the maintenance access door and reconnect engine harness quick connector K-1 to the starter motor solenoid if it is loose (p. A-1, A-4). 2. Disconnect engine harness connector K-1 from the starter solenoid and connect battery positive (+) by means of a switch and jumper to energize the solenoid. If the starter does not crank the engine when the solenoid is energized, remove the starter motor assembly. Replace the starter motor assembly or solenoid, as necessary (p. 16-1). 3. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3) and reconnect engine harness connector A1-J6 to the lead from the controller/inverter assembly if it is loose (Figure 10-1). 4. Disconnect engine harness connector A1-J6 at the controller/inverter assembly and connector K1 at the starter solenoid and check for continuity to ground from either connector (ground short). Replace the engine harness if it is shorted to ground. 5. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). * − Discontinued beginning Spec F. GOVERNOR ACTUATOR OVERLOAD FAULT—CODE NO. 22 (Duration of operation at or near full-duty cycle beyond design limit) Corrective Action: 1. Reduce the number of connected appliances, especially when air conditioners and battery chargers are running. 2. Check for fuel and air leaks at each fitting in the fuel supply line. 3. Conduct a fuel flow test and service as necessary (p. 14-1). 4. Replace the engine air filter (p. 5-6) and clean the spark-arrest muffler (p. 5-5). 5. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). Check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand—against the action of the fuel rack return spring. It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it or service the internal engine governor mechanism (p. 13-2) as necessary. 6. Check for an open or shorted PMG stator winding (p. 11-1). (The controller will drive the actuator harder to compensate for loss of output.) 7. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-4). 8. Service the fuel injectors and injection pump as necessary (p. 12-1). 9. Check fuel injection timing (p. 12-1). 10. Service a worn engine (p. 12-1). 18-13 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. LOW OIL PRESSURE CUTOFF SWITCH FAULT—CODE NO. 23* (Controller sensed switch still open during start—not a running fault**) Corrective Action: 1. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3). If loose, reconnect engine harness spade connector S2 to the low oil pressure cutoff switch (Figure 12-2). 2. Disconnect engine harness connector P2 from the controller assembly (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). Check for electrical continuity between pin P2-9 and connector S2 and for missing, bent or corroded connector pins and repair as necessary. 3. Check for loose or corroded ground connections between the engine and the base and the base and controller assembly and repair as necessary. 4. Replace the low oil pressure cutoff switch. * − This is a bypassable fault prior to Spec F. ** − Beginning Spec F, this fault is enabled 20 seconds after the genset stops and is declared during start. COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENDER FAULT—CODE NO. 24* (Controller did not sense temperature change during first 5 minutes of operation) Corrective Action: 1. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3). If loose, reconnect engine harness spade connector E3-1 to the coolant temperature sender (Figure 10-1, p. A-1, A-4). 2. Disconnect engine harness connector P1 from the controller assembly. Check for electrical continuity between pin P1-12 and connector E3-1 and for missing, bent or corroded connector pins and repair as necessary. 3. Replace the coolant temperature sender. * − This is a bypassable fault prior to Spec F. Note also that an open circuit is sensed as cold temperature, resulting in maximum pre-heat and post-heat times. ENGINE ABOVE SPEED TARGET FAULT—CODE NO. 25 (Governor unable to regulate to target speed) Corrective Action: 1. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). Check the fuel rack return spring and replace it if it is worn or broken (Figure 13-1). Make sure it is reassembled correctly. 2. Check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand— against the action of the fuel rack return spring. It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it or service the internal engine governor mechanism (Figure 13-2) as necessary. 3. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-5). 18-14 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. ENGINE BELOW SPEED TARGET FAULT—CODE NO. 26 (Governor unable to regulate to target speed) Corrective Action: 1. Reduce the number of connected appliances, especially when air conditioners and battery chargers are running. 2. Prime the engine fuel system. 3. Check for fuel and air leaks at each fitting in the fuel supply line. 4. Conduct a fuel flow test and service as necessary (p. 14-1). 5. Replace the engine air filter (p. 5-6) and clean the spark-arrest muffler (p. 5-5). 6. Connect a source of known fuel quality, prime the fuel system and run the genset. If performance improves, replace the bad fuel in the supply tank. 7. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). Check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand—against the action of the fuel rack return spring (Figure 13-1). It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it or service the internal engine governor mechanism (Figure 13-2) as necessary. 8. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-4). 9. Service the fuel injectors and injection pump, as necessary (p. 12-1). 10. Check fuel injection timing (p. 12-1). 11. Service a worn engine (p. 12-1). 18-15 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. PMA SENSE LOST FAULT—CODE NO. 27 (Controller unable to sense PMA frequency) Logic: If between cranking and run_down, rpm = 0 and dc bus voltage present for > 2 seconds. Corrective Action: 1. Check for proper connections between the generator (PMA) stator (Figure 11-2) and the controller assembly (Figure 10-1) and reconnect as necessary. 2. Disconnect the PMA leads from the control. Using InPower, turn on the control starter relay in controller assembly (Refer to Step 7). @@@@ WARNING Do Not crank for more than 30 seconds. 3. Connect Digital Multi Meter (DMM) to the PMA leads. While the engine is cranking, measure the voltage between PMA leads T1−T2, T2−T3 and T3−T1 using DMM. Set DMM to AC and range. Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds. A. If all of the leads measure > 20Vrms, replace controller−assembly. B. If any of the leads measure < 20Vrms, troubleshoot PMA (Refer Step 6). TIP: • If values of all leads (T1−T2, T2−T3 and T3−T1) is < 20Vrms, problem is with the rotor. • If value of one/more leads is < 20Vrms, problem lies with the stator. 4. After measuring the PMA leads, turn−off control starter relay in controller assembly (Refer Step 7E) using InPower. 5. Run the set again and check if fault is cleared. 6. PMA Troubleshooting Steps: A. Check for PMA to Ground shorts. • Use a digital multimeter to measure resistance between each PMA lead to Ground. − Meter will read ’Open’ if there are no shorts. − If meter reads a finite resistance, it indicates a short. B. Check for an open generator stator winding (p. 11-1). If winding is open, replace the stator. @@@@ Ensure actuator is at zero and/or fuel is Off. CAUTION C. Remove top housing panel (p. 6-3), check PMA rotor and integrity of the magnets. Attempt to bar the engine by hand to check for jammed magnets. Replace the rotor if damaged. Note: If the rotor is damaged, Do Not replace the controller−assembly. Replace the rotor first and check to verify if that solves the problem. 7. Steps for turning on the control starter relay in controller assembly using Inpower: A. Enable the parameter “Starter Override Request”. B. Turn on the parameter “Startes Override Command”. C. To verify, check to see if “Starter Override Status” = on. D. To switch off starter relay, turn off the parameter “Starter Override Command”. E. To verify, check to see if “Starter Override Status” = off. 18-16 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. DC SENSE LOST FAULT—CODE NO. 28 (Controller unable to sense DC bus voltage) Corrective Action: 1. Open the circuit breaker. If the fault does not persist, check for and disconnect excessive loads from the genset before starting. 2. Check for proper connections between the generator (PMA) stator (Figure 11-2) and the controller assembly (Figure 10-1) and reconnect as necessary. 3. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). HIGH BATTERY VOLTAGE FAULT—CODE NO. 29 (Voltage across battery system greater than 17.5 volts) Corrective Action: 1. Check battery bank connections and reconnect if necessary so that the 12 volt batteries serving the genset are connected in parallel (12 volt) rather than in series (24 volt). 2. Select a lower battery booster charge rate. OVERSPEED FAULT—CODE NO. 31 (Engine speed greater than 3600 rpm) Corrective Action: 1. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). Check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand—against the action of the fuel rack return spring (Figure 13-1). It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it or service the internal engine governor mechanism (Figure 13-2) as necessary. 2. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-4). 3. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). 18-17 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. LOW CRANKING SPEED FAULT—CODE NO. 32 (Cranking speed less than 180 rpm for more than 2 seconds) Logic: If CRANK and generator frequency < 3Hz for > 2 seconds. Corrective Action: Troubleshooting for Fault Code 32 is divided into 2 failure modes: 1. The engine does not crank. 2. The engine cranks. If The Engine Does Not Crank 1. Inspect fuse F2. If blown, inspect wiring connections for shorts to chassis or other shorts. Replace fuse and repeat test. 2. Check battery voltage at the genset terminal − should be 11 0.2V or above. Replace/recharge battery as necessary. 3. Inspect battery connections at the terminals. Check DC system and cables. 4. Follow the steps below to troubleshoot and verify control starter relay (in controller assembly) and starter motor assembly. In the steps below the numbers in parenthesis refer to the wiring diagram on page A-5. A. Using InPower, turn ON the control starter relay (in controller assembly) (Refer Step 5). B. Measure voltage at A1−J6−K1 (1) at starter assembly. If measured voltage is > 10V, replace starter assembly. C. If measured voltage is < 10V, unplug A1−J6−K1 at the Starter Assembly (2). D. Measure voltage at A1−J6−K1 (2) at the harness. It should measure approximately Battery voltage. • If it measures approximately battery voltage, replace starter motor • If it does not measure approximately battery voltage or measures less than 10V, unplug J6 (4) from A1−J6 (3) at controller assembly and measure voltage at J6 (4) on controller assembly. − If measured voltage at (4) < 10V, then disconnect A1−J5 (5) from J5 (6) and measure voltage at A1−J5 (5). If value is > 10V at A1−J5 (5), then replace controller assembly. − If measured voltage at (5) < 10V, verify wiring. 5. Steps for turning on the control starter relay in controller assembly using Inpower: A. Enable the parameter ”Starter Override Request”. B. Turn on the parameter ”Starter Override Command”. C. To verify, check to see if ”Starter Override Status” = on. D. To switch off starter relay, turn off the parameter ”Starter Override Command”. E. To verify, check to see if ”Starter Override Status” = off. 18-18 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. LOW CRANKING SPEED FAULT—CODE NO. 32 (CONT.) (Cranking speed less than 180 rpm for more than 2 seconds) If The Engine Cranks While the start button is pressed, Monitor the parameters ”waveform period”, ”Inverter dc voltage” using Inpower and refer to table below: Note: Waveform period <80000 indicates Normal cranking speed. Waveform period >80000 indicates unit is cranking too slow. Condition No. 1 Waveform Period 80000−140000 2 30000000 for > 4s Symptom Engine cranking slow Engine cranks normal but control does not sense PMA output Troubleshooting See step 1 See step 2 Step 1: Engine cranking slow 1. Verify engine setup for ambient conditions. 2. Low/weak batteries cause starting issues. Monitor battery voltage during crank. It must be > 8V. Ideally it should be greater than 9V. A. If the battery voltage is 8V, inspect battery connections at the terminals. Step 2: Engine cranks normal but control does not sense PMA output 1. Check for proper connections between the generator (PMA) stator (Figure 11-2) and the controller assembly (Figure 10-1) and reconnect as necessary. 2. Disconnect the PMA leads from the control. Using InPower, turn on the control starter relay in controller assembly (Refer Step 7). @@@@ WARNING Do Not crank for more than 30 seconds. 3. While the engine is cranking, use a digital multimeter (DMM) set to AC and range to measure the voltage between PMA leads T1−T2, T2−T3 and T3−T1. Do Not crank for more than 30 seconds. A. If any of the leads measure > 20Vrms, replace controller−assembly. B. If any of the leads measure < 20Vrms, troubleshoot PMA. (Refer Step 6.) TIP: • If values of all leads (T1−T2, T2−T3 and T3−T1) is > 20Vrms, problem is with the magnetic field. • If value of one/more leads is < 20Vrms, problem lies with the stator. 4. Turn−off control starter relay in the inverter (Refer Step 7D) using InPower after measuring the leads 5. Run the set again and check if fault is cleared. 18-19 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. LOW CRANKING SPEED FAULT—CODE NO. 32 (CONT.) (Cranking speed less than 180 rpm for more than 2 seconds) 6. PMA Troubleshooting Steps: A. Check for PMA to Ground shorts. 1). Use a digital multimenter to measure resistance between each PMA lead to Ground. a). Meter will read ’Open’ if there are no shorts. b). If meter reads a finite resistance, it indicates a short. B. Check for an open generator stator winding (p. 11-1). If winding is open, replace the stator. @@@@ Ensure actuator is at zero and/or fuel is Off. CAUTION C. Remove top housing panel (p. 6-3), check PMA rotor and integrity of the magnets. Attempt to bar the engine by hand to check for jammed magnets. Replace the rotor if damaged. Note: If the rotor is damaged, Do Not replace the controller−assembly. Replace the rotor first and check to verify if that solves the problem. 7. Steps for turning on the control starter relay in controller assembly using Inpower: A. Enable the parameter ”Starter Override Request”. B. Turn on the parameter ”Starter Override Command”. C. To verify, check to see if ”Starter Override Status” = on. D. To switch off starter relay, turn off the parameter ”Starter Override Command”. E. To verify, check to see if ”Starter Override Status” = off. HIGH ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE FAULT—CODE NO. 33 (Engine coolant temperature exceeded design limit) Corrective Action: 1. Check the engine coolant level and add coolant and repair leaks as necessary. 2. Check for and remove any objects blocking the air inlet or outlet openings in the bottom of the genset. 3. Reduce the number of appliances connected at the same time. (Note that high altitude and high ambient temperature decrease engine cooling capacity.) 4. Look for a broken or worn coolant pump drive belt (Figure 12-2) and replace as necessary. (Visible through the maintenance access door in the skid-base.) 5. Remove the air intake grille in the skid-base and check to see that the cooling blower (Figure 11-2) is secure and that the blades are not fouled. 6. Check for air leaks in the housing—missing or loose housing panels and access covers, including the access covers for the fuses and AC terminals. 7. Clean and flush the cooling system to remove coolant passage fouling. 8. Remove the top housing panel (p. 6-3). If loose, reconnect engine harness spade terminal connector E3-1 to the coolant temperature sender (Figure 12-2) (If the lead is loose and touching ground, the controller will sense a high engine temperature.) 9. While the top housing panel is off (Step 6-3), check for fouling of the radiator air passages and clear out dust and debris with compressed air directed from below (reverse of normal air flow). 10. Replace the coolant thermostat (Figure 12-2). 11. If the genset overheats only underway, see the coach manufacture regarding air baffles or other means to direct cooling air into the genset. 18-20 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. HIGH INVERTER TEMPERATURE FAULT—CODE NO. 34 (Inverter heat sink temperature exceeded design limit*) Corrective Action: 1. Check for and remove any objects blocking the air inlet or outlet openings in the bottom of the genset. 2. Remove the air intake grille in the skid-base and clean the heat sink fins (Figure 10-1) if they are fouled. Also check to see that the cooling blower (Figure 11-2) is secure and that the blades are not fouled. 3. Reduce the number of appliances connected at the same time. (Note that high altitude and high ambient temperature decrease cooling capacity.) 4. Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1) if the genset cannot carry rated load. *− Prior to Spec F, use compressed air to cool off the fins of the heat sink if it is necessary to get the genset started right away. Beginning Spec F, the genset will run for 2 minutes after being restarted, which is enough time to cool down the heat sink if the connected load is less than 2 kW. CONTROL CARD FAILURE FAULT—CODE NO. 35 (Microprocessor EEPROM error during self-test) Corrective Action: Report this failure to the Factory and replace the controller assembly (p.10-1). This fault occurs when using obsolete software. ENGINE STOPPED FAULT—CODE NO. 36 (Engine stopped without command by controller) Corrective Action: 1. Check fuel level. (Note: The genset fuel pickup is probably higher than the vehicle engine pickup.) 2. Prime the engine fuel system if the genset ran out of fuel. 3. Check for fuel and air leaks at each fitting in the fuel supply line. (Note: White smoke indicates air in the fuel.) 4. Check the engine air filter and remove any blockage. 5. Check for mechanical damage. 6. Check auxiliary fuel pump (if equipped). 7. Conduct a fuel flow test and service as necessary (p. 14-1). 8. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3) and disconnect engine harness connectors P1 and P2 from the controller (Figure 10-2, p. A-1, A-4, ). Check for missing, bent or corroded connector pins and faulty wiring and repair as necessary. 9. Service the engine (p. 12-1). INVALID GENSET CONFIGURATION FAULT—CODE NO. 37 (Genset configuration is preprogrammed at the factory) Corrective Action: Corrective Action: Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). The controller assembly must be configured at the factory. 18-21 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. OVERCURRENT FAULT—CODE NO. 38 (Too many loads connected) Corrective Action: 1. Reduce the number of appliances running at the same time, especially those with high motor starting loads such as air conditioners. Start up with no load and let the genset run for five minutes to cool down the inverter. 2. If the appliance and air conditioner loading patterns have remained the same but genset performance has deteriorated: A. Check for fuel and air leaks at each fitting in the fuel supply line. (Note: White smoke indicates air in the fuel.) B. Conduct a fuel flow test and service as necessary (p. 14-1). C. Remove the front and top housing panels (p. 6-3). Check for binding in the governor mechanism by pushing the actuator rotor clockwise by hand—against the action of the fuel rack return spring (Figure 13-1). It should rotate smoothly about 1/2 inch (12 mm) and return smoothly. If it binds or catches, remove the governor actuator base assembly and replace it or service the internal engine governor mechanism (Figure 13-2) as necessary. D. Readjust high-idle speed (p. 13-4). E. Service the fuel injectors and injection pump as necessary (p. 12-1). F. Service a worn engine (p. 12-1). LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE FAULT—CODE NO. 39* (Battery voltage dropped below 9 volts while genset running) Logic: If power supply shutdown is indicated and battery voltage < 9.5V during wakeup state Corrective Action: 1. Inspect connections at battery and genset. 2. Avoid running the genset while cranking the propulsion engine, specially in installations where genset batteries are used to supplement vehicle engine batteries 3. Check battery voltage at the genset terminal −typical should be 11V 0.3V or above. If not, replace/ recharge battery. Note: Due to the long battery cables, battery voltage at the genset terminal may be lower than at battery terminals. 4. Check Battery Voltage at the genset terminal ”while cranking engine”. If battery Voltage drops < 9V 0.2V, replace/recharge the battery. Note: Battery voltage dipping below 9V during crank indicates a potentially weak battery. Battery needs to be replaced. * − Fault Code Active for Specs A−E and beginning M Fault Inactive for Specs F−L 18-22 TABLE 18-1. TROUBLESHOOTING (CONT.) @@@@ Some genset service procedures present hazards that can result in severe personal WARNING injury or death. Only trained and experienced service personnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and machinery hazards should perform genset service. See Safety Precautions. PROCESSOR FAULT—CODE NO. 42* (Microprocessor ROM error during self-test) Corrective Action: Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). * − Beginning Spec F and replacement controller assemblies PROCESSOR FAULT—CODE NO. 43* (Microprocessor RAM error during self-test) Corrective Action: Replace the controller assembly (p. 10-1). * − Beginning Spec F and replacement controller assemblies INVERTER POWER SUPPLY FAULT—CODE NO. 46* (Low battery voltage or power supply device failure) Logic: If input indicates power supply shutdown for 3 samples at 32ms rate. Corrective Action: 1. Avoid running the genset while cranking the propulsion engine, specially in installations where genset batteries are used to supplement vehicle engine batteries. 2. Inspect battery cable connections at the battery, vehicle frame, and genset. 3. Check battery voltage at the genset terminal −typical voltage should be 11V 0.3V or above. If not, replace/recharge battery. Note: Due to the long battery cables, battery voltage at the genset terminal may be lower than at battery terminals. 4. Check battery voltage at the genset terminal ”while cranking engine”. If battery Voltage drops to < 9V 0.2V, replace/recharge the battery. Note: Battery voltage dipping below 9V during crank indicates a potentially weak battery. Battery needs to be replaced. 5. Remove battery charger or unplug the battery charger from its AC source, before cranking. 6. Replace the controller assembly (p 10-1). * − Beginning Spec F and replacement controller assemblies 18-23 TIE TO AC HARNESS SECURE TO TOP OF CONTROLLER HOUSING WITH SUPPORT CLIP SECURE TO TOP OF INTAKE RESONATOR WITH SUPPORT CLIP SECURE TO END OF INTAKE RESONATOR WITH SUPPORT CLIP LATER MODELS EARLIER MODELS ENGINE WIRING HARNESS A-1 SECURE TO TOP OF CONTROLLER HOUSING WITH SUPPORT CLIP TIE WITH ENGINE HARNESS HARNESS WHEN GENSET IS NOT EQUIPPED WITH BATTERY CHARGER CURRENT TRANSFORMER HARNESS WHEN GENSET IS EQUIPPED WITH BATTERY CHARGER EARLIER MODELS NOT USED TWO LEADS WHEN GENSET IS EQUIPPED WITH A BATTERY CHARGER LATER MODELS AC WIRING HARNESS A-2 SECURE PCB GROUND HERE SECURE HARNESS SUPPORT CLIPS HERE SECURE HARNESS SUPPORT CLIPS HERE SECURE GND CABLE HERE SECURE B+ CABLE HERE EARLIER MODELS ONLY BATTERY WIRING HARNESS A-3 CONTROLLER/INVERTER ASSEMBLY PRIOR TO SPEC F WIRING DIAGRAM A-4 CONTROLLER/INVERTER ASSEMBLY 1 3 4 5 6 2 Ref # Description 1. INPUT TERNINAL AT STARTER SOLENOID. 2. A1−J6−K1 HARNESS CONNECTION AT STARTER SOLENOID. 3. A1−J6−K1 HARNESS CONNECTION AT CONTROL ASSEMBLY. 4. J6 TERMINAL AT CONTROL ASSEMBLY. 5. A1−J5−K1 HARNESS CONNECTION AT CONTROL ASSEMBLY. 6. J5 TERMINAL AT CONTROL ASSEMBLY. WIRING DIAGRAM FOR FC32 TROUBLESHOOTING A-5 Cummins Power Generation 1400 73rd Ave. NE Minneapolis, MN 55432 USA Phone 1 763 574 5000 Toll-free 1 800 888 6626 Fax 1 763 574 5298 Email www.cumminsonan.com/contact www.cumminsonan.com CumminsR, OnanR, the “C” logo, and “Performance you rely on.” are trademarks of Cummins Inc. E2010 Cummins Power Generation, Inc. All rights reserved. ">
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