Installation and Operation Manual for Compact Tower-Top Amplifier System Models 429-83H-01-M/T and 429-83H-01-M-48 Manual Part Number 7-9439 8625 Industrial Parkway, Angola, NY 14006 Tel: 716-549-4700 Fax: 716-549-4772 [email protected] www.birdrf.com Warranty This warranty applies for one year from shipping date. TX RX Systems Inc. warrants its products to be free from defect in material and workmanship at the time of shipment. Our obligation under warranty is limited to replacement or repair, at our option, of any such products that shall have been defective at the time of manufacture. TX RX Systems Inc. reserves the right to replace with merchandise of equal performance although not identical in every way to that originally sold. TX RX Systems Inc. is not liable for damage caused by lightning or other natural disasters. No product will be accepted for repair or replacement without our prior written approval. The purchaser must prepay all shipping charges on returned products. TX RX Systems Inc. shall in no event be liable for consequential damages, installation costs or expense of any nature resulting from the purchase or use of products, whether or not they are used in accordance with instructions. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, either expressed or implied, including any implied warranty or merchantability of fitness. No representative is authorized to assume for TX RX Systems Inc. any other liability or warranty than set forth above in connection with our products or services. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE PRICES AND TERMS: Prices are FOB seller’s plant in Angola, NY domestic packaging only, and are subject to change without notice. Federal, State and local sales or excise taxes are not included in prices. When Net 30 terms are applicable, payment is due within 30 days of invoice date. All orders are subject to a $100.00 net minimum. QUOTATIONS: Only written quotations are valid. ACCEPTANCE OF ORDERS: Acceptance of orders is valid only when so acknowledged in writing by the seller. SHIPPING: Unless otherwise agreed at the time the order is placed, seller reserves the right to make partial shipments for which payment shall be made in accordance with seller’s stated terms. Shipments are made with transportation charges collect unless otherwise specified by the buyer. Seller’s best judgement will be used in routing, except that buyer’s routing is used where practicable. The seller is not responsible for selection of most economical or timeliest routing. CLAIMS: All claims for damage or loss in transit must be made promptly by the buyer against the carrier. All claims for shortages must be made within 30 days after date of shipment of material from the seller’s plant. SPECIFICATION CHANGES OR MODIFICATIONS: All designs and specifications of seller’s products are subject to change without notice provided the changes or modifications do not affect performance. RETURN MATERIAL: Product or material may be returned for credit only after written authorization from the seller, as to which seller shall have sole discretion. In the event of such authorization, credit given shall not exceed 80 percent of the original purchase. In no case will Seller authorize return of material more than 90 days after shipment from Seller’s plant. Credit for returned material is issued by the Seller only to the original purchaser. ORDER CANCELLATION OR ALTERATION: Cancellation or alteration of acknowledged orders by the buyer will be accepted only on terms that protect the seller against loss. NON WARRANTY REPAIRS AND RETURN WORK: Consult seller’s plant for pricing. Buyer must prepay all transportation charges to seller’s plant. Standard shipping policy set forth above shall apply with respect to return shipment from TX RX Systems Inc. to buyer. DISCLAIMER Product part numbering in photographs and drawings is accurate at time of printing. Part number labels on TX RX products supersede part numbers given within this manual. Information is subject to change without notice. Bird Technologies Group TX RX Systems Inc. Manual Part Number 7-9439 Copyright © 2009 TX RX Systems, Inc. First Printing: June 2007 Version Number Version Date 1 06/08/07 2 08/17/07 3 10/10/07 4 02/08/08 5 10/24/08 6 09/03/09 Symbols Commonly Used WARNING ESD Electrostatic Discharge CAUTION or ATTENTION Hot Surface High Voltage Electrical Shock Hazard NOTE Heavy Lifting Bird Technologies Group Important Information TX RX Systems Inc. Changes to this Manual We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you discover any errors, or if you have suggestions for improving this manual, please send your comments to our Angola, New York facility to the attention of the Technical Publications Department. This manual may be periodically updated. When inquiring about updates to this manual refer to the manual part number and revision number on the revision page following the front cover. Contact Information Sales Support at 716-217-3113 Customer Service at 716-217-3144 Technical Publications at 716-549-4700 extension 5019 Bird Technologies Group TX RX Systems Inc. Table of Contents General Description ............................................................................................ 1 Unpacking ............................................................................................................ 4 Pre-Installation Checkout ................................................................................... 4 Mechanical Inspection ....................................................................................... 4 Initial Power-up Test ........................................................................................... 5 Bench Testing ..................................................................................................... 6 Installation............................................................................................................ 8 Base to Tower-Top Communications ................................................................. 8 Test Transmission Line ...................................................................................... 9 Installing the System .......................................................................................... 9 Installing the Tower-Top Box ............................................................................. 9 In-building Lightning Arresters ............................................................................ 9 Installing the MCU ............................................................................................ 12 Interference and IM Considerations .................................................................. 14 Feedline Data ..................................................................................................... 14 Optimizing The System ..................................................................................... 15 Attenuation Settings ......................................................................................... 15 TTA Net Gain..................................................................................................... 15 Receiver Multicoupler Distribution ..................................................................... 15 Setting the TTA NET GAIN Attenuation ............................................................ 16 Determining Needed Attenuation .................................................................... 16 Setting Distribution Attenuation ......................................................................... 17 Spectrum Analysis ............................................................................................ 17 Procedure for Spectral Analysis...................................................................... 19 Operational Tests (Sensitivity and Degradation) ........................................... 19 Front Panel Test Port ........................................................................................ 19 Tower Top Amplifier Inputs................................................................................ 19 Static System Sensitivity ................................................................................... 19 Measuring Static Sensitivity (Load Connected) ................................................. 19 Effective System Sensitivity............................................................................... 21 Measuring Effective Sensitivity (Antenna Connected)....................................... 22 Degradation ....................................................................................................... 23 Routine Operation ............................................................................................. 23 Amplifier Monitoring........................................................................................... 23 LCD Display....................................................................................................... 23 Current Draw ................................................................................................... 23 Test Cable Connection .................................................................................... 23 TTA Temperature ............................................................................................ 23 Software Version ............................................................................................. 23 Front Panel LEDs .............................................................................................. 24 Form-C Contacts ............................................................................................... 24 Alarms ................................................................................................................ 24 The Test Mode ................................................................................................... 24 Set LNA X Active ............................................................................................... 24 Terminate LNA X ............................................................................................... 25 Un-Terminate LNA X ......................................................................................... 25 System Troubleshooting .................................................................................. 25 Performance Degradation ................................................................................ 25 Hardware Problems .......................................................................................... 25 Lightning and Lightning Arresters ................................................................... 26 Vandalism ....................................................................................................... 26 AC Line Fuse (Model 429-83H-01-M) ............................................................... 26 Table of Contents Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Disconnected Cables ........................................................................................ 26 Periodic Maintenance........................................................................................ 27 Recommended Spare Parts.............................................................................. 27 Optional Equipment .......................................................................................... 27 Narrowband Filter .............................................................................................. 27 Multicoupler Expansion Deck ............................................................................ 28 Figures and Tables Figure 1: Front view of the tower-top box ............................................................ 1 Figure 2A: Top view of the multicoupler unit (MCU) ............................................ 2 Figure 2B: Front view of the MCU ....................................................................... 2 Figure 2C: Back view of the MCU ....................................................................... 2 Figure 3: Cable connections for system components .......................................... 4 Figure 4: Initial power-up test ............................................................................... 5 Figure 5: Boot-up sequence ................................................................................. 6 Figure 6: Default display ....................................................................................... 6 Figure 7: Menu selections .................................................................................... 7 Figure 8: Test equipment interconnection for “bench testing” ............................. 8 Figure 9A: System installation guidelines .......................................................... 10 Figure 9B: System installation guideline notes................................................... 11 Figure 10: Tower-top box mechanical details ...................................................... 9 Figure 11: Application of rubber splicing tape ................................................... 12 Figure 12: Lightning Arrester .............................................................................. 12 Figure 13: Optional Data Network Protector....................................................... 13 Figure 14: Alarm terminals ................................................................................ 14 Figure 15: Testing the output spectrum ............................................................. 18 Figure 16: Maximum signal level mask ............................................................. 18 Figure 17: Calculating actual sensitivity ............................................................. 20 Figure 18: Measuring sensitivity through the test port ....................................... 21 Figure 19: Optional filter interconnect diagram .................................................. 28 Figure 20: Optional multicoupler expansion deck .............................................. 28 Table 1: System Specifications ............................................................................. 1 Table 2: Tower Box Specifications......................................................................... 3 Table 3: Multicoupling Unit Specifications............................................................. 3 Table 4: Bench Test Results.................................................................................. 6 Table 5: Optimum Total TTA NET GAIN .............................................................. 16 Table 6: Distribution Attenuation Settings ........................................................... 17 Table 7: Amplifier Status Troubleshooting Guide ................................................ 22 Table 8: Typical Current Readings ...................................................................... 23 Table 9: Loss of Sensitivity Troubleshooting Guide ............................................ 26 Table 10: Disconnected Cables .......................................................................... 27 Table 11: Optional Narrowband Filters................................................................ 27 Table of Contents Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Appendixes Appendix A: Front Panel Ethernet Connectivity ................................................. 29 Ethernet Connectivity .......................................................................................... 29 Direct Connection .............................................................................................. 29 Required Equipment ........................................................................................ 29 Procedure ........................................................................................................ 29 Networked Connection ...................................................................................... 30 Required Equipment ........................................................................................ 32 Procedure ........................................................................................................ 32 TTA Network Port Security ................................................................................ 34 Data Encryption ............................................................................................... 34 SNMP Support Disabled.................................................................................. 34 Telnet Security ................................................................................................. 34 Changing the Telnet Port Password................................................................... 35 Appendix B: Changing your Service Computer IP Address............................... 36 Table of Contents Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Table of Contents Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Your TXRX Systems Inc. Tower Top Amplifier System provides the highest degree of reliability available in a Tower Top Amplifier (TTA). The system uses quadrature-coupled amplifiers (also called balanced amplifiers) to create a redundant amplifier configuration in both the tower box and the receiver multicoupling unit (MCU). Each quadamplifier provides two simultaneously used, essentially parallel paths of amplification. Failure of one of these paths of amplification results in an overall gain reduction of only 6 dB. The system also supplies automatic backup-amplifier switching in the tower top box. Fault detection circuitry continuously monitors the DC power operation of the primary quad-amplifier and automatically switches to the identical secondary quadamplifier if conditions indicate a primary malfunction. If the secondary quad-amplifier malfunctions, operation switches to whichever quad-amplifier is still providing some gain due to operation of one of its amplification paths. Fault detection circuitry also provides at-a-glance status reporting, with frontpanel LED’s and an LCD display. The system specifications for the tower top amplifier are listed in Table 1. Parameter Specification Bandwidth 792 - 824 MHz Noise Figure 2.9 dB typ, 3.5 dB max 3rd order IIP > 15.0 dBm TTA Net Gain Fully settable by electronic attenuator Rejection 110 dB Min, 120 db Nom @776 and 851 MHz AC Current (model 429-83H-01-M) 340 mA (typ) @120 VAC DC Current (model 429-83H-01-M-48) 780 mA (typ) @ 48 VDC Table 1: System specifications. 13 dB TTA Net Gain and maximum 6 dB transmission line loss assumed Door Clamp Amplifier / Filter Assembly 3-21548 Tuning Screw DO NOT ADJUST Surge Suppressor 8-21183 Surge Suppressor 8-21549 Surge Suppressor 8-21514 Figure 1: Front view of the tower-top box (door removed for clarity). TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 1 8-21515 Power Supply (model 429-83H-01-M) 3-21516 DC-DC Converter (model 429-83H-01-M-48) 3-21453 Front Panel Board (under shroud) 3-21476 Front Ethernet Board (under shroud) 3-21450 Distribution Amp 3-21496 Rear Panel Board 3-18173 4-Way Divider 3-18171 8-Way Divider 3-18171 8-Way Divider Figure 2A: Top view of the Multicoupling Unit (MCU). Model 429-83H-01-M shown. Contrast Adjust Status LED’s LAN Port Amplifier Select Buttons Display Up Button Cancel Button Down Button Enter Button Test Port Figure 2B: Front view of the MCU. Model 429-83H-01-M shown. Ground Test cable CAT-5 Cable here Transmission cable Alarm Terminals AC or DC Cord (model dependent) TX RX Systems Inc. To additional 8-way dividers on optional expansion deck. Terminate when unused. To station receivers Unused ports do not require termination To station receivers Unused ports do not require termination Figure 2C: Back view of the MCU. Model 429-83H-01-M shown. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 2 The quad-amplifier in the tower top box amplifies the weak received signal before the signal enters a long and lossy transmission line, thus preventing the line loss from degrading the signal-to-noise ratio. The quadrature amplifiers have a separate power circuit for each half of the amplifier which provides component redundancy as well as unsurpassed IM performance. Microprocessor controlled fault detection circuitry in the tower top box provides continuous monitoring and switching of each quad amplifier while sending operational data to the base unit front panel for at-a-glance status reporting and form-C contact switching for alarm integration. Included in the tower top box is a pre- selector filter, amplifier “A” and amplifier “B,” switching circuitry, control board and PolyPhaser surge suppressors (see Figure 1). The specifications for the tower box are listed in Table 2. The ground-mounted MCU shown in Figures 2A through 2C is intended for 19-inch rack mounting. It houses amplifier and signal distribution assemblies, alarm indicators, a power supply or DC-DC Electrical Specifications Frequency Range Multicoupler Net Gain Electrical Specifications Frequency Range Net Gain 792 to 824 MHz 23 dB Noise Figure (typ /max) Backup Amplifier Switching Integrated Test Port Isolation Preselector Type Loss Rejection LNA Type Gain Noise Figure 3rd Order Input IP Impedance 2.7 / 3.0 dB Solid State RF Switch 45 dB 7-pole TEM Bandpass with cross-couplings <0.8 dB >60 dB @ 776 and 851 MHz 2-stage Quadrature integrated into filter 26 dB 1.2 dB 18 dBm 50 Ohms Antenna Port VSWR 2:1 Power Requirements 12 VDC @ 1.25 A Lightning Protection Impulse Suppressor on all external connectors Operating Temp Range Connectors Dimensions (HWD) not including mounting tabs and connectors Net Weight Modified NEMA 4x: Stainless steel weather resistant Quad-Coupled dual stage 23 dB 4 dB 27 dBm 46 dBm Number of Outputs Split Loss 16 or 32 18 dB Impedance 50 Ohms VSWR <2 : 1 Connectors to TTA to BTS Test Port input N - Female BNC - Female BNC - Female TTA NET GAIN electronic attenuator 0 to 15.5 dB in 0.5 dB steps DISTRIBUTION electronic attenuator 0 to 3 db in 0.5 dB steps Alarm / Warning Contacts I/O Two Form-C Contacts Nominal 2A @ 30 VDC or 0.5A @125 VAC Ethernet Power Requirements Model 429-83H-01-M Model 429-83H-01-M-48 90 - 240 Vac @ 50/60 Hz -48VDC Operating Temp Range 0° C to + 50° C Mechanical Specifications N -female 18” x 6” x 6” (457 x 152 x 152 mm) 20 lbs (9.1 kg) Table 2: Tower box specifications. Values are typical unless noted otherwise. TX RX Systems Inc. +1 dB typ; 0 dB min -30° C to +60° C Mechanical Specifications Enclosure Distribution Amp Type Gain Noise Figure 1 dB compression point 3rd Order Output IP 792 to 824 MHz Manual 7-9439-6 Enclosure Standard EIA 19” Rack Mount Dimensions (HWD) Net Weight 1 RU x 19” x 14” (38 x 483 x 356 mm) 10.5 lbs (4.8 kg) Table 3: Multicoupling Unit specifications. Values are typical unless noted otherwise. 09/03/09 Page 3 converter, and a display panel to provide visual feedback on the system’s operating status. The specifications for the MCU are listed in Table 3. Also included in the system is a webpage user interface for controlling and monitoring of amplifier currents, alarms, and attenuators. The webpage user interface is accessed through the front panel LAN connector. Refer to Appendix A for instructions on accessing this feature. PRE-INSTALLATION CHECKOUT The following pre-installation tests should be performed after unpacking the system to verify nothing has loosened during transit. Additionally, the system should be made operational on the bench with all components at ground level to verify proper electrical performance. Figure 3 illustrates all of the cable connection points for both the tower top box and the MCU. UNPACKING Each major component of the TTA system is individually packaged and shipped via motor freight or UPS. It is important to report any visible damage to the carrier immediately. It is the customer's responsibility to file damage claims with the carrier within a short period of time after delivery (1 to 5 days). The tower top box should NOT be installed on the tower until all of the pre-installation tests are successfully completed. NOTE Mechanical Inspection Open the tower top box by loosening all the doorclamp locking screws and rotating the clamps to Tower Top Box To Station Receivers To Station Receivers Test Port Trans To 120 VAC MCU Main CAT-5e Cable Lightning Arrester TX RX part no.8-21550 Test Test Port Main Transmission Main Antenna Figure 3: Cable connections for system components. Model 429-83H-01-M shown. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 4 Tower Top Box Test Ant Main Front Panel Test Port CAT-5e Cable Lightning Arrester TX RX part no. 8-21550 MCU Figure 4: Initial power-up test. release the door. Make sure that all of the connectors are tight. In addition, it is advisable to check the tightness of the hold-down screws for the various assemblies to insure nothing loosened during shipment. Likewise, check all of the cable connections on the MCU to insure they are all properly mated to their associated plugs. CAUTION: The wide band filter in the tower top box is factory tuned and must not be field adjusted. Field tuning of this filter is not required. Do not adjust the tuning slugs of the amplifier/filter assembly. Initial Power-Up Test To perform the initial power-up test the system should be temporarily interconnected at ground level using short cables. Figure 4 shows the tem- TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 porary equipment hookup for initial power-up testing. Once the equipment is temporarily interconnected then power is applied to the system by plugging the MCU’s AC cord into a suitable AC outlet (model 429-83H-01-M) or connecting the DC power cable to a suitable -48 VDC supply (model 429-83H-01M-48). The following start-up sequence occurs. 1) At turn-on, the three front panel status LED’s will all glow a steady red while the display panel shows a row of solid boxes on the top display line. This will last for about 10 seconds while the systems micro-controllers boot-up. 2) During the next 5 seconds the base unit (MCU) will establish communications with the tower box. The front panel status LED’s will occasionally flash green. The display panel will present the message “Connecting to Tower Controller” and then will briefly flash the MCU’s current software version. See Figure 5. 09/03/09 Page 5 Test Performed Figure 5: MCU software version is displayed briefly during the boot-up sequence. 3) After the power-up sequencing is complete the screen should show the default display as shown in Figure 6. The status LED for each active amplifier will glow a steady green and the status LED for the inactive (stand-by) LNA will be dark. Figure 6: Default display. The tower top amplifier system is software directed so control of the system is accomplished via user interface with the front panel using the display screen and the four menu selection buttons. A flow chart showing all of the possible user menu selections is shown in Figure 7. Bench Testing The purpose of the bench test is to verify that all of the system components are working correctly and to measure the systems sensitivity before climbing the tower to mount the tower top box. One station receiver is selected and the test is performed at this frequency. Short temporary cables are used to interconnect all components. A SINAD meter is used for the test (or a bit error rate meter if required) along with a signal generator. 1) The stand-alone receiver sensitivity is measured and recorded first. Record the value in Table 4. 2) Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 8. Be sure that the signal generator is setup for a 3 KHz deviation with a 1000 Hz tone (analog) or proper pattern for BER testing. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 Result Stand Alone Receiver Sensitivity dBm * Bench Test Static Sensitivity dBm Model Number (Tower Top Box) Serial Number (Tower Top Box) Table 4: Bench Test Results. * Default “TTA NET GAIN“ Attenuation (3.0 dB) * Default “DISTRIBUTION” Attenuation (1.0 dB) 3) Measure and record the systems bench test static sensitivity in table 4. The sensitivity value will vary depending on the amount of internal programmable attenuation selected via software interface. The bench test measurement should be taken with the default values selected for “TTA NET GAIN” attenuation (3.0 dB) and “DISTRIBUTION” attenuation (1.0 dB). These are the factory default settings that are programmed into your system when you first turn it on. 4) Select the other tower top amplifier and check that the bench test static sensitivity value remains nearly the same. This will insure that both amplifiers in the tower top box are functioning properly. To select an alternate towertop amplifier press the associated amplifier select button on the front panel, the status LED will begin to flash, then press the ENTER button to finalize the selection. 5) If the tower box door is opened during the installation it is important to re-tighten the doorclamp locking screws uniformly so that the door gasket seal is maintained. Tighten each clamp about half-way, then start back at the first clamp and fully tighten each one in the same order. Tighten with a hand tool only. Insure that the moisture vent holes at the bottom of the box are unobstructed. 09/03/09 Page 6 429-83H-01-M Menu System 429-83H-01-M KEY DEFAULT DISPLAY TX RX SYSTEMS INC C PRESS CANCEL KEY E PRESS ENTER KEY SET LNA A ACTIVE LNA X ACTIVE C PRESS UP-ARROW KEY ENTER TO CONFIRM PRESS DOWN-ARROW KEY PRESS EITHER ARROW KEY A CURRENT XXXmA SET LNA B ACTIVE C YELLOW INDICATES RECORDABLE VALUE B CURRENT XXXmA ENTER TO CONFIRM TERMINATE LNA A BASE CURRENT C AS AN EASY REFERENCE RECORD VALUES HERE XXXX mA ENTER TO CONFIRM TTA NET GAIN TEST CABLE CONNECTED NOT CONNECTED TERMINATE LNA B C DISTRIBUTION ENTER TO CONFIRM MAIN LINE LOSS UNTERM LNA A TTA TEMPERATURE C TEST LINE LOSS ENTER TO CONFIRM +/- XX DEGREES C STATIC W/LOAD BASE V X.XX UNTERM LNA B REFERENCE W/ANT C ENTER TO CONFIRM TOWER V X.XX NOTE: After pressing the ENTER Button the MCU will re-boot, then return to the Default Display. INITIALIZE Return to Default Display E ENTER TO RESTART Automatic Mode C TTA NET GAIN E AUTO MODE TEST ENTER TO SELECT E ATTENUATORS TTA NET GAIN E E ENTER TO SELECT ENTER TO ADJUST FEEDLINE DATA ENTER TO SELECT E ENTER TO ADJUST SENSITIVITY ENTER TO SELECT NOTE: Use MAIN LINE LOSS E E ENTER TO ADJUST DISTRIBUTION E E C ENTER TO ADJUST C E ENTER TO ADJUST E arrow to adjust ENTER TO ADJUST C E arrow to adjust TEST LINE LOSS XX.X dB NOTE: Use REFERENCE W/ANT E DISTRIBUTION X.X dB NOTE: Use TEST LINE LOSS E arrow to adjust STATIC W/LOAD -XX.X dB NOTE: Use C arrow to adjust MAIN LINE LOSS X.X dB NOTE: Use STATIC W/LOAD E Manual Mode TTA NET GAIN X.X dB C E arrow to adjust REFERENCE W/ANT C -XX.X dB E NOTE: Use arrow to adjust Figure 7: 429-83H-01-M menu selections. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 7 Tower Top Box Minimum length cables Best possible sensitivity Default "TTA NET GAIN" Attenuation (3.0 dB) Default Distribution Attenuation (1.0 dB) Signal Generator Test Ant Main Diagnostic Cable Front Panel Test Port Lightning Arrester TX RX part no. 8-21550 CAT-5e Cable 12 dB SINAD Receiver MCU Figure 8: Test equipment interconnection for “bench testing” of system components. Connection to an appropriate power source is assumed. INSTALLATION The following sub-sections of the manual discuss general considerations for installing the system. All work should be performed by qualified personal. TXRX Systems provides the base MCU, tower top amplifier box, and the mainline lightning arrester. All additional parts required for installation must be supplied by the customer. Before mounting the tower top box we recommend that you record the model number and serial number of the unit for future reference (table 4 is a convenient place to record them). The numbers are located on a tag attached to the inside of the door and maybe required in the future if you call the factory for customer support. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 Base to Tower-Top Communications A special lightning arrester (TXRX part # 8-21550) is provided with this TTA for installation at the main transmission line entry bulkhead/grounding plate. This unit not only passes the DC current required to operate the TTA, but also generates the low frequency subcarrier used for the standard AISG/EIA485 data communications between the base unit and the tower top box. A standard CAT-5e data cable (double shielded) must be installed between the base unit (MCU) and the lightning arrester for carriage of the EIA-485 data. The TTA will operate normally with all backup functionality intact if this data cable is not installed, is damaged or removed, but status and alarms will not be available at the base. 09/03/09 Page 8 Test Transmission Line Proper installation of this system requires the installation of a test transmission line in addition to the main transmission line for system testing and diagnostics. The system will operate normally if the test transmission line is not installed or becomes damaged, except the base status LED will continuously display an alarm (red) condition. In addition, one of the display sub-menu’s will show a test cable not connected message. Installing the System Installation of the TTA system should follow the installation standards listed in Figure 9A and 9B on pages 10 and 11. Lightning arresters are incorporated throughout the system; refer to items 6, 7, and 11 listed in figure 9. In addition, surge suppression is also provided for all cable connections within the tower top box. Proper grounding techniques MUST BE observed for these devices to perform properly. See the following sections for specific installation instructions. Installing the Tower Top Box Figure 10 shows some of the mechanical features of the tower top box. Four mounting tabs are welded to the back of the box to allow for fastening to the tower. Because of the varied tower types, the customer must fabricate the interface brackets between the tower frame and the box. To install the tower top box perform the following steps. Mounting Tabs 1) Mount a receiving antenna on the tower. 2) Run the main transmission cable as well as the test transmission cable up the tower. 3) Mount the tower top box on the tower and connect the antenna feedline, main transmission line and test line to the box. 4) Connect the tower top box ground lug to a good solid ground on the tower. To insure stability, it is important to fasten the box to the tower using all mounting tabs. The box must be mounted with the connectors and moisture openings facing downward to prevent water entry. After connecting the main transmission line, test line, and the antenna feedline, we recommend that the connections be tightly wrapped with rubber splicing tape (see Figure 11). This will help prevent water entry into the cables. Start the wraps on the cable several inches away from the connector and wrap towards the connector, this will prevent water from seeping in between the wraps of tape. Cover the connectors completely with tape. NOTE 5) If the tower box door is opened during the installation it is important to re-tighten the doorclamp locking screws uniformly so that the door gasket seal is maintained. Tighten each clamp about half-way, then start back at the first clamp and fully tighten each one in the same order. Tighten with a hand tool only. Insure that the moisture vent holes at the bottom of the box are unobstructed. In-building Lightning Arresters Two lightning surge suppressors must be installed in the equipment room one each for the main and test transmission lines, refer to Figure 9. The following steps are required for proper installation. 12.00" 6.69" .312 Dia Thru Mount Holes 4 Places Figure 10: Tower-top box mechanical details. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 1) For the test line install a lightning arrester. PolyPhaser part # DC50LNZ15MA (N-M/N-F connectors) or DC50LNZ15 (N-F/N-F connectors). The chassis of the lightning arrester should be connected to the master ground bus with a pigtail. 2) For the main transmission line install a lightning arrester TXRX part # 8-21550. This device is 09/03/09 Page 9 RX TX 2 4 Tower Top Amplifier 2 WARNING Failure to ground the TTA System properly can result in equipment failure caused by electrical surges. 2 4 GROUNDING REQUIREMENTS 2 Lightning Arresters 7 and 11 must be grounded to the Master Ground Buss. * 1 1 MCU ground stud must be connected to the Equipment Rack Master Ground Bar. ** NOTE Building entry-point ground plate and Equipment Rack Master Ground Bar must be grounded to Master Ground Buss. Internal Perimeter Ground (Halo) Master Ground Buss Test 2 Ant 2 1 Main 2 4 1 To Electrical Service Ground 1 From Repeaters 5 2 Transmit Combiner 6 Optional 8 Equipment Rack Master Ground Bar 1 13 ** * 10 7 1 BNC Test Port 1 11 12 Entry-Point Ground Buss Copper Ground Strap 5 * Building Entry-Point Ground Plate To Base Station MCU Figure 9A: System installation guidelines. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 10 INSTALLATION STANDARDS 1. Main transmission and test line grounded at top, base, shelter entrance and every 75 feet. 2. All external cable connections weatherproofed. 3. Hoisting grips used every 200 feet per mainline. 4. 1/2" LDF 10 foot jumper cable from each antenna to its mainline and tower top amplifier. 5. 1/2" Superflex for all internal RF runs. 6. Lightning Arrester on TX lines. 7. Lightning Arrester on test port line. Polyphaser part number DC50LNZ15MA (N-M / N-F ). Polyphaser part number DC50LNZ15 (N-F / N-F ). 8. 3/8" LDF test port mainline. 9. We recommend that you follow a good industry standard as a guideline for communications site installations such as Motorola's R56 Standard. This standard depicts grounding methods which will help to ensure expected system performance, reliability and longevity. 10. 1/4" Superflex, N male to N male. 11. Lightning Arrester with RS485 communication interface. TX RX part number 8-21550. 12. Data Cable - CAT-5e patch cord (Double Shielded). L-Com part number TRD855DSZ-XX or equivalent. 13. Additional Protection (Optional): If additional protection of the data communication line is desired, a data network protector can be installed. For this, use Polyphaser Model NX3-05. This data network protector must be located as close as possible to the MCU rear data port and grounded to the Equipment Rack Master Ground Bar. Refer to Figure 13. SYSTEM ENGINEER RESPONSIBLE FOR All mounting hardware Wall feed-through hardware TX RX Systems Inc. 8625 Industrial Parkway, Angola, NY 14006 716-549-4700 bird-technologies.com [email protected] Figure 9B: System installation guideline notes. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 11 Main Transmission Line Test Line Ground Lug Antenna Feedline Moisture Vent Figure 11: Application of rubber splicing tape. Note: Additional waterproofing protection can be realized by covering the rubber tape with either “Scotch Kote” or Vinyl Plastic Electrical Tape (“Scotch” brand 33+). shipped from the factory along with the tower top box. Refer to Figure 12. The chassis of the lightning arrester should be connected to the master ground bus with a pigtail. Installing the MCU The MCU is designed for indoor mounting in a common 19-inch relay rack or cabinet. The following steps are required for proper installation. 1) Install the MCU into the rack or cabinet with four mounting screws from the hardware kit (part # 3-16509) which is included with your shipment. Make sure you use a nylon washer under the head of the screws in order to protect the front panel. Torque the mounting screws to no more than 15 in/lbs. Over tightening the mounting screws may damage the front panel. RF Out to MCU RF In from Tower Top CAT-5e Cable Here 2) Connect the MCU ground lug to the Equipment Rack Master Ground Bar with a pigtail. 3) Connect the main and test transmission cables to the appropriate connectors at the back of the unit. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 Figure 12: Lightning arrester TXRX part # 8-21550. This device must be connected to the master ground buss with a pigtail. 09/03/09 Page 12 4) Connect a double-shielded CAT-5e cable from the RJ45 plug on the rear panel of the MCU to the RJ45 connector on the lightning arrester at the building entry ground plate. We recommend using a pre-built cable from L-Com (part # TRD855DSZ-XX). The -XX suffix represents the cables length in feet. An equivalent cable from another manufacturer is acceptable. 5) If optional additional protection of the data communications line is desired a Data Network Protector can be installed. Use PolyPhaser part # NX3-05. The data network protector must be grounded to the equipment rack master ground bar. Keep this ground wire as short as possible. See Figure 13. 6) Connect the optional data network protector to the lightning arrester with the cable from step 4. Then connect the rear panel MCU data port to the data network protector with a short length of double-shielded CAT-5e cable. We recommend using a pre-built cable from L-Com (part # TRD855DSZ-XX). An equivalent cable from another manufacturer is acceptable. 7) If you have a supervisory alarm system, connect its wiring harness to the terminal screws at the back of the MCU. Refer to Figure 14. 8) Connect the station receivers and optional 16port receiver multicoupler expansion deck to the output ports on the back of the MCU with highquality 50-ohm coaxial cable such as 1/4-inch superflexible transmission line. Some flexibility in the jumper cables will prevent strain and possible damage to the connections. We also recommend the use of quality BNC connectors. Unused receiver outputs need not be terminated. However, unused expansion ports (the 2 left-most ports) should be terminated with 50 ohms until connected to an expansion panel (refer to Figure 2C). Internal Perimeter Ground (Halo) Master Ground Buss ground stud Equipment Rack Master Ground Bar RJ45 Ground Wire Keep as short as possible NX3-05 Locate Data Network Protector as close to MCU Data Port as possible RJ45 RJ45 MCU Rear Panel Short CAT 5e patch cable (double shielded) RJ45 RS 485 Data Line CAT 5e patch cable (double shielded) Lightning Arrester TX RX part number 8-21550 Figure 13: For optional additional protection install the data network protector. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 13 DC Power Cord used in model 429-83H-01-M-48 (Red is -48 Volts and Black is common) AC Cord used in model 429-83H-01-M Test Cable connects here Main Cable connects here Ground The ground lug must be connected t o t h e e qu ip m e nt rack master ground bar with a pigtail. (double-shielded) CAT-5e Cable connects here Alarm Terminals Figure 14: Alarm terminals. Normally open or normally closed screw terminals are available. Model 429-83H-01-M-48 shown. Interference and IM Considerations Although TX RX Systems, Inc. TTA systems are designed for maximum interference immunity, there are many factors that can lead to harmful interference when using a tower-mounted amplifier. It is highly recommended that the receiving and transmitting antennas be vertically separated to maximize antenna isolation. FEEDLINE DATA As part of the installation process you will need to determine the cable losses for your main and test transmission lines. These loss values can be determined by sweeping the cables or they can be looked up from the cable manufactures specifications. For your system these values will be fixed once the cable type is chosen and cut to length. Although most 700/800 MHz transmitters are connected to their antenna through a combiner, it is quite likely that the combiner does not have enough transmitter noise filtering to prevent desensitization of the receivers unless there is significant antenna space isolation. Large values of antenna isolation are most easily realized when the antennas are separated vertically. This antenna isolation also helps reduce the possibility of intermodulation interference in the receiving system. Once you have determined the main and test line cable loss for your system this information can be recorded in system memory for future reference in the Feedline Data menu selection. To save the cable loss values in memory perform the following steps. One other important factor that can strongly contribute to interference problems is excessive gain, ahead of the receiver. Excessive gain can cause overdrive to the station receivers when strong signals are present, making them more prone to intermodulation or carrier desensitization problems. Receiver preampl ifier s s hould no t be use d because the receiver multicoupler, which is incorporated in the MCU, serves this purpose. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 1) From the default display press the DOWN ARROW button on the front panel to scroll through the menu choices until you reach the FEEDLINE DATA menu. 2) With the FEEDLINE DATA menu displayed press the ENTER button to step down to the MAIN LINE LOSS sub-menu. 3) Use the UP and DOWN ARROW buttons to set the main line loss to the desired value. This storage register works in a forward loop fashion, starting at 0.0 and increasing to 9.9. A button press after 9.9 returns the setting back to 0. 09/03/09 Page 14 4) After setting the main line loss value press the ENTER button to return back to the FEEDLINE DATA menu. This will save your setting choice. 5) With the FEEDLINE DATA menu displayed press the ENTER button to step down to the MAIN LINE LOSS sub-menu. Press the UP ARROW button to move to the TEST LINE LOSS sub-menu. 6) Use the UP and DOWN ARROW buttons to set the test line loss to the desired value. This storage register works in a forward loop fashion, starting at 0.0 and increasing to 9.9. A button press after 9.9 returns the setting back to 0. 7) After setting the test line loss value press the ENTER button to return back to the FEEDLINE DATA menu. This will save your setting choice. Then pressing the CANCEL button while at the FEEDLINE DATA menu will return you to the default display. OPTIMIZING THE SYSTEM In the TTA system the first stage of amplification is in the tower top box which is used to overcome the main line loss, develop the noise figure, and the TTA Net Gain. The second amplifier, located on the multicoupler deck (base unit), is used to overcome the losses associated with distribution. When the tower top amplifier system is installed there are detailed adjustments and test procedures which must be followed in order to insure optimum performance of the system. The process includes: Attenuation Settings Spectrum Analysis Operational Tests Sensitivity with Load Connected Sensitivity with Antenna Connected Operational testing must be performed in a methodical manner to provide the correct performance evaluation and ensure that the information obtained is correct. For each procedure it is important that the data be recorded accurately and is available anytime assistance is required or when performance is in question. Before a receive system problem is suspected, the appropriate operational tests must be performed. Before operational tests for sensitivity can be verified, the programmable attenuation settings and spectrum analysis must be performed. If these are not correct, the TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 sensitivity and degradation may appear out of tolerance. ATTENUATION SETTINGS The system contains programmable attenuators for optimizing both the TTA Net Gain and receiver multicoupler distribution. Both of these attenuators must be adjusted as part of the system installation. The attenuation adjustments allow the system to maintain maximum protection of the receivers, while obtaining the best sensitivity possible. TTA Net Gain TTA Net Gain is defined as the net gain between the input of the tower top LNA and the input of the base LNA. The amount of programmable attenuation that your system requires in order to reach an ideal amount of TTA Net Gain will vary depending on the length of your main transmission line. The value of the TTA Net Gain programmable attenuator can be adjusted either manually by the customer or automatically by the microprocessor in the MCU. The choice of manual or automatic is determined by a menu choice in the Webpage User Interface which is accessible via the MCU’s LAN connector using a separate PC. For a complete description of the Webpage User Interface software refer to the TXRX Systems Inc. technical manual 7-9440. When automatic has been selected the message “AUTO MODE” will be shown on the MCU front panel display when you scroll down the menu choices to the TTA Net Gain value, refer to the menu selections chart shown in figure 7. Manual changes to the attenuator value using the front panel ARROW buttons are not allowed when in the automatic mode. Receiver Multicoupler Distribution Receiver Multicoupler Distribution is defined as the gain between the input of the base LNA and the input of the station receiver. The receiver multicoupler distribution adjustment allows for proper compensation of the MCU to receiver cable/distribution losses and should ideally be set to unity. The amount of attenuation that your system will require in order to reach an ideal amount of receiver multicoupler distribution will vary depending on the length of the cables from the multicoupler outputs at the rear of the MCU to your receivers. Distribution attenuation is always adjusted manually using the front panel ARROW buttons. There is no auto- 09/03/09 Page 15 matic mode for distribution attenuation adjustments. The factory default setting for TTA Net Gain is 3.0 dB of attenuation and the factory default setting for receiver multicoupler Distribution is 1.0 dB of attenuation. These are the initial settings that are programmed into your system when you first turn it on. You will need to adjust these values to optimize your system. This is done through software interface via the menu select keys. Your settings will be stored in system memory until you change them again even if the equipment is powered down. Setting the TTA NET GAIN Attenuation The total amount of TTA Net Gain attenuation for your system is composed of two parts, the main line cable loss (which is fixed, based on cable type and length) as well as the TTA Net Gain attenuation setting (which is variable, depending on software selection). This is illustrated in the formula below. necessary when the main transmission line loss is low; that is, when line loss does not reduce the TTA gain enough to obtain the desired total TTA Net Gain attenuation level. DETERMINING NEEDED ATTENUATION To calculate how much attenuation is needed to optimize the TTA Net Gain of your system use the following formula; TTA Net Gain(dB) = Gain TTA(dB) - Line loss(dB) For example, if the TTA gain is 24 dB and the main transmission line loss is 3 dB: TTA Net Gain = 24 dB - 3 dB = 21 dB If your system uses FM Voice, you would like a TTA Net Gain as close to 13 dB as possible. The amount of TTA Net Gain attenuation required is calculated with the following formula; Attenuation(dB) = Actual(dB) - Desired(dB) Main Line Loss + Software Setting = Total Attenuation = 21 - 13 = 8 dB It has been found in practice that different levels of total TTA Net Gain attenuation are required for different types of modulated signals to obtain the best performance. Table 5 lists the optimum total TTA Net Gain attenuation value for various signal types. Type of Signal The optimum total amount of TTA NET GAIN FM Voice 13 dB Digital 10 dB Table 5: Optimum total TTA NET GAIN. It should be kept in mind that these values are not extremely critical. Systems that depart from these values can still give reasonably good performance, but may degrade somewhat when extremely strong and very weak signals are present, as compared with an optimized system. The TTA Net Gain attenuation is programmable and needs to be adjusted to optimum levels for the type of signals being processed. The default factory setting is 3 dB. Further reduction may only be TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 So in this example the TTA Net Gain attenuation setting should be 8 dB. If the sign of the calculated attenuation had been negative it would indicate that we could actually use more gain! No attenuation would be required. The programmable attenuation for optimizing your TTA Net Gain attenuation is adjustable from 0 to 15.5 dB in 0.5 dB increments. To adjust the value perform the following steps. 1) Press the DOWN ARROW button on the front panel to scroll through the menu choices until you reach the ATTENUATORS menu. 2) With the ATTENUATORS menu displayed press the ENTER button to step down to the TTA Net Gain sub-menu. 3) Press the ENTER button again to advance to the TTA Net Gain adjustment screen. The current TTA Net Gain setting will now be displayed. Use the UP and DOWN ARROW buttons to set the TTA Net Gain to the desired value. The attenuation setting works in a forward loop fashion, starting at 0 and increasing to 15.5, a button press after 15.5 returns the setting back to 0. 09/03/09 Page 16 4) After setting the TTA Net Gain press the ENTER button to return back to the ATTENUATORS menu. This will save your setting choice. Then pressing the CANCEL button while at the ATTENUATORS menu will return you to the default display. Setting Distribution Attenuation The MCU to receiver cable loss can be determined from the cable manufacturers specifications. For your system these values will be fixed once the cable type is chosen and cut to length. Typically 2 to 3 dB of Distribution attenuation is usually required to achieve unity gain. Use the attenuation values shown in Table 6 to set the Distribution attenuation to the correct value. Set DISTRIBUTION attenuation to for cable / distribution losses of 3 dB 1 dB 2 dB 2 dB 1 dB * 3 dB 0 dB more than 3 dB * factory default setting Table 6: Distribution attenuation settings. The DISTRIBUTION attenuation is adjustable from 0.0 to 15.5 dB in 0.5 dB increments. To adjust the multicoupler attenuation perform the following steps. 1) Press the DOWN ARROW button on the front panel to scroll through the menu choices until you reach the ATTENUATORS menu. 2) With the ATTENUATORS menu displayed press the ENTER button to step down to the TTA Net Gain sub-menu. 3) Press the UP ARROW button to move to the Distribution sub-menu. 4) Press the ENTER button again to advance to the Distribution adjustment screen. The current distribution value will now be displayed. Use the UP and DOWN ARROW buttons to set the distribution to the desired value. The attenuation TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 setting works in a forward loop fashion, starting at 0.0 and increasing to 15.5, a button press after 15.5 returns the setting back to 0. 5) After setting the distribution value press the ENTER button to return back to the ATTENUATORS menu. This will save your setting choice. Then pressing the CANCEL button while at the ATTENUATORS menu will return you to the default display. SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Obtaining good sensitivity requires an understanding of the levels applied to the receiver. A receiver, like any electronic device, has a dynamic range of operation. As long as this dynamic range is maintained, the specifications of the receiver are maintained. When the levels applied to the receiver exceed this range, the sensitivity, intermodulation rejection, as well as the adjacent channel selectivity will deteriorate. To properly perform a Spectrum Analysis, a spectrum analyzer must be connected to the output of the multicoupler as if it were a receiver, essentially monitoring what the receiver sees. Figure 15 shows the equipment interconnection for this measurement while Figure 16 is a graph which indicates the maximum desired measured-signal levels both inside and outside of the transmit and receive bands. TTA filter selectivity and antenna space isolation are the dominant factors that determine the signal levels observed. Excessively strong receive signals indicate the need for additional attenuation in the MCU. There are three areas of the spectrum that must be evaluated: 1) Receive Band - The spectrum where the receive frequencies reside must not have carriers above -35 dBm. These are the carriers that are intended to enter the receiver. If subscribers or control stations are near the infrastructure the levels can be very high. If the levels are above -35 dBm, the gain of the system must be reduced or the source of the high level carrier must be reduced. 2) Transmit Band - The highest carrier that the receive system will consistently see is its own transmitter. The preselector of the receive system must adequately remove these carriers to prevent over-drive. The goal of the preselector is to reduce all transmit carriers below -55 dBm. If the level of a transmitter is above -55 dBm the 09/03/09 Page 17 Tower Top Box Antenna Test Ant Front Panel Test Port Main CAT-5e Cable Lightning Arrester TX RX part no. 8-21550 MCU Spectrum Analyzer Bird SignalHawk Figure 15: Testing the output spectrum of the TTA system. Maximum Signal Level Mask dBm -30 Receive Band Less than -35 dBm -35 Transmit Band Less than -55 dBm -40 -45 Remaining Spectrum Less than -75 dBm -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 Receive Band Transmit Band Frequency (MHz) Figure 16: Maximum permissible signal levels at receiver output of TTA MCU. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 18 preselector is not adequately performing its job and must be changed. noise. The difference between the two is the system degradation. 3) All Other Frequencies - The receiver is designed to monitor very low signals and there must be a minimum amount of undesired energy exposure. The preselector has very sharp selectivity and must reduce all carriers outside the bandwidth below -75 dBm except as indicated above. Front Panel Test Port The front panel BNC test port is connected to the tower box through the test line allowing signals generated at ground level to be injected into an isolated 45 dB port at the input of each tower top amplifier circuit board. The test port feature provides a convenient means of performing static sensitivity tests of the system. Procedure for Spectral Analysis Spectral analysis will verify the signals arriving at the receiver as well as validate the TTA Net Gain adjustment. To perform a spectral analysis of the site follow the steps listed below. 1) Make sure programmable attenuators are properly adjusted. 2) Connect the spectrum analyzer to one of the output ports of the multicoupler. 3) Setup the spectrum analyzer as follows; Span = 700 to 800 MHz Resolution = 50 KHz RF Attenuation = 0 dBm Reference Level = -20 dBm Peak (Max) Hold = ON 4) Monitor the spectrum for 5 minutes (during peak hours). OPERATIONAL TESTS (SENSITIVITY AND DEGRADATION) Before sensitivity and degradation can be verified, attenuation adjustments and spectrum analysis must be performed. If these are not correct, the sensitivity and degradation may appear out of tolerance. The sensitivity tests will measure the full range of performance from the maximum achievable to realworld performance in the presence of RF noise. These tests are absolutely necessary, not only to insure proper performance, but also to serve as a bench mark for future evaluations and troubleshooting. Tower Top Amplifier Inputs Under normal operating conditions RF signals pass from the antenna to the inputs of the tower top amplifier. In addition, the input of each tower top amplifier can also be switched to an internal 50 Ohm load for testing purposes. The front panel test port remains connected (through its isolated 45 dB input) to the tower top amplifiers regardless of whether the amplifiers input is connected to the antenna or the internal load. This allows system sensitivity testing to be done with and without site noise being coupled into the system through the antenna. Static System Sensitivity Static sensitivity is the maximum sensitivity achievable because any possible interfering signals are blocked from entering the LNA while static sensitivity is measured. To determine the Static system sensitivity the signal level into the first amplifier must be known. The easiest way to achieve this is to inject a test signal into the Test Port (located on the front panel of the base unit) and measure the BER or SINAD of the test receiver. The static system sensitivity can only be measured while the active tower-top LNA is connected to the internal load. Once you have made the measurement the actual static system sensitivity can be calculated. Figure 17 shows the formula for calculating the actual static system sensitivity as well as a worked through example. Measuring Static Sensitivity (Load Connected) To test the static system sensitivity through the test port with the internal load connected to the amplifier perform the following steps; Two types of sensitivity measurements will need to be made, Static and Effective. Static sensitivity is measured without the presence of site noise while the Effective sensitivity measurement includes site TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 19 Actual Sensitivity is calculated using the following formula: Actual Sensitivity (dBm) = IS LEV (dBm) + TC LO (dB) + TP LO (dB) Where: IS LEV is the Injected Signal Level TC LO is the Test Cable Loss TP LO is the Test Port Loss Example: If the Test Cable for the system is 200 ft. long with a loss of 3.6 dB per 100 ft., then the Test Cable Loss will be 7.2 dB. The Test Port Loss is Fixed at 45 dB. If the Injected Signal acquires BER or SINAD at a level of -71.8 dBm, then the Actual Sensitivity would be -124 dBm. Figure 17: Calculating actual sensitivity (both static and effective). Caution: During this test on-air signals will NOT pass through to the station receivers. 1) The signal generator and SINAD meter (or bit error rate meter if appropriate) should be connected to the system as shown in Figure 18. 5) Adjust the signal strength from the signal generator until the 12 dB SINAD or required BER point is acquired. This determines the systems static sensitivity without the presence of site noise. This value should be recorded in the MCU’s memory for future use. NOTE 2) Be sure the signal generator is setup for a 3 KHz deviation with a 1000 Hz tone (analog) or proper pattern for BER testing. 3) From the default display, use the ARROW buttons to scroll to the TEST menu choice then press the ENTER button to bring up the test sub menu’s. 4) Use the ARROW buttons to scroll over to the TERMINATE LNA “A (or) B” menu choice (depending on which amplifier is currently active) and press the ENTER button to switch the amplifiers input from the antenna to the load. The “TEST TTA OFFLINE” message will appear. The RF signal path through the tower top box will be interrupted and on-air signals will not be passed to the station receivers. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 It is very important that sensitivity always be measured to a recognized benchmark such as bit rate error (BER) or SINAD. Do not use your ear or other subjective techniques. 6) Press the front panel CANCEL button. This will switch the amplifier input back to the antenna and will return you to the default display. NOTE If left unattended, after about 9 minutes the input of the active amplifier will automatically switch back to the antenna and on-air signals will again pass through to the station receivers. 7) From the default display, use the ARROW buttons to scroll to the SENSITIVITY menu choice then press the ENTER button. 09/03/09 Page 20 Tower Top Box Antenna Signal Generator Test Ant Main Diagnostic Cable Front Panel Test Port Lightning Arrester TX RX part no. 8-21550 CAT-5e Cable 12 dB SINAD Receiver MCU Figure 18: Using the test port to measure sensitivity of the TTA system. 8) Use the ARROW buttons to scroll over to the STATIC W/LOAD menu choice and press the ENTER button. 9) Use the ARROW buttons to dial in the static sensitivity value (from the signal generator) and press the ENTER button to save the information in memory. By storing the sensitivity value at the time of installation it can be compared with future tests and used as an indication of system degradation or failure. In general, the sensitivity measured with the antenna will be less than that measured with the load unless site noise is at a minimum. NOTE The sensitivity value measured in step 5 is less (45 dB plus Test Line loss) than the actual sensitivity value. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 Effective System Sensitivity The Effective System Sensitivity is the sensitivity as seen by the subscriber. This represents the Talk-in coverage component of the infrastructure. To determine the Effective System Sensitivity the signal level into the first amplifier must be known. The easiest way to achieve this is to inject a test signal into the Test Port (located on the front panel of the base unit) and measure the BER or SINAD of the test receiver. The effective system sensitivity can only be measured while the active tower-top LNA is connected to the antenna. Once you have made the measurement the actual effective system sensitivity can be calculated. Figure 17 shows the formula for calculating the actual effective system sensitivity as well as a worked through example. 09/03/09 Page 21 Measuring Effective Sensitivity (Antenna Connected) The Effective system sensitivity should be taken under normal conditions as well as with all transmitters producing full power. All transmitters keyed will show the worse case situation. To test the systems effective sensitivity through the test port with the antenna connected to the amplifiers perform the following steps; 1) The signal generator and SINAD meter (or bit error rate meter if appropriate) should be connected to the system as shown in Figure 18. 2) Under normal conditions the antenna is connected to the amplifiers so no software interactions are required. Be sure the signal generator is setup for a 3 KHz deviation with a 1000 Hz tone (analog) or proper pattern for BER testing. sensitivity in the presence of site noise. Record this value in the MCU’s memory for future use. 4) From the default display, use the ARROW buttons to scroll to the SENSITIVITY menu choice then press the ENTER button. 5) Use the ARROW buttons to scroll over to the REFERENCE W/ANT menu choice and press the ENTER button. 6) Use the ARROW buttons to dial in the effective sensitivity value and press the ENTER button to save the information in memory. By storing the sensitivity value at the time of installation it can be compared with future tests and used as an indication of system degradation or failure. NOTE 3) Adjust the signal strength from the signal generator until the 12 dB SINAD or required BER point is acquired. This determines the systems Status LED The sensitivity value measured in step 3 is less (45 dB plus the Test Line loss) than the actual sensitivity value. Possible Amplifier Status Form-C Contact Status Tower top Amplifier A Green Selected; normal current Normal Off Not selected; normal current Normal Red Failure: Very abnormal current; can only be selected if amplifier B is also in Alarm Alarm contacts change state Red Failure: Extremely abnormal current; cannot be selected Alarm contacts change state Tower top Amplifier B Green Selected: normal current Normal Off Not selected; normal current Normal Red Failure: Very abnormal current; can only be selected if amplifier A is also in Alarm Alarm contacts change state Red Failure: Extremely abnormal current; cannot be selected Alarm contacts change state Base (Distribution) Amplifier Green Normal current Normal Red Failure: Very abnormal current Alarm contacts change state Table 7: Amplifier status troubleshooting guide. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 22 Degradation The difference between the static sensitivity (loadconnected) and the effective sensitivity (antennaconnected) is the system degradation which can be caused by noise or interference (such as a user on an active channel). At 800 MHz it is unusual to have degradation greater than 2 dB (and even this is rare). The degradation value should be recorded for future reference. Degradation levels in excess of 1 to 2 dB should be investigated, as this will decrease the range and performance of the system. ROUTINE OPERATION During normal operation only one of the two tower top amplifiers (“A” or “B”), along with the MCU amplifier (“BASE”), are used to amplify the received RF signals. The LED’s for the two active amplifiers will illuminate green. The remaining tower-top amplifier will be in stand-by mode, which is indicated by its LED being off. The system software also provides an indication of which tower top amplifier is active. From the default display use the ARROW button to scroll down to the LNA X ACTIVE menu which will display the currently active tower top amplifier. Upon power-up, the system defaults to operation on the “A” tower top amplifier (the “BASE” amplifier in the MCU is always on). Operation can be manually switched to the “B” tower top amplifier by pressing the “B-SELECT” switch, which is located below the “B-Status LED” on the MCU front panel. The “B-Status LED” will begin to flash, then press the ENTER button to finalize the selection. NOTE If necessary the system can be re-initialized via software interaction. From the default display use the ARROW button to scroll to the INITIALIZE menu then press the ENTER button. Amplifier Monitoring The system continuously monitors the current being drawn by all three amplifiers and reveals the status of the amplifiers in three ways: LCD Display, front panel LED’s and Form-C contacts (“screw terminals”). Table 7 summarizes the status of the LED’s and Form-C contacts for various amplifier conditions. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 LCD Display The LCD display provides extensive status information through the menu system including the current draw of all amplifiers, connection of the test transmission line, the tower top box temperature, and installed software version level. CURRENT DRAW Typical displayed values for each of the three system amplifiers is listed in Table 8. The current value for any amplifier can be read from the display by using the ARROW buttons to scroll down from the default display. The A and B tower top amplifiers current draw are shown on one menu display and the BASE amplifier current draw on another. Amplifier Displayed Value TTA Amp A ~ 600 ma TTA Amp B ~ 600 ma Base Amp ~ 850 ma Table 8: Typical current readings. TEST CABLE CONNECTION The status of the test cable is indicated by a menu display. Use the ARROW buttons to scroll down from the default display. The TEST CABLE submenu will show the message Test Cable Connected or Test Cable Not Connected depending on the status of the test cable connections. The system will operate normally if the test cable has a bad connection although you will not be able to perform any diagnostics with the test port. In addition, the base status LED will continuously display an alarm (red) condition. TTA TEMPERATURE The temperature of the tower top box can be read from the display by using the ARROW buttons to scroll down from the default display to the TEMPERATURE sub-menu. The recommended normal operating temperature range for the tower top box is -30 to +60 degrees Celsius. SOFTWARE VERSION There are micro-controllers located in both the tower top box as well as the base unit so there are two software versions in the system. Both the BASE and TOWER software version can be read from the display by using the ARROW buttons to 09/03/09 Page 23 scroll down from the default display to the SOFTWARE VERSION sub-menu. Form-C contacts located at the back of the unit will also change state. Front Panel LEDs Status indicator LED’s for all three amplifiers illuminate in one of two colors. The meaning of each color is summarized in table 7. During normal operation, the LED’s for amplifier A and the BASE amplifier will glow green, indicating normal current draw. The LED for amplifier B will be off indicating this amplifier is in stand-by. THE TEST MODE The TEST sub-menu allows the field engineer to choose the active tower top amplifier as well as control the input of each of the tower top amplifiers via software. The base amplifier is always active. When you use functions in the TEST sub-menu you are operating the system in the test mode. Be aware that some of these tests will interrupt the RF signal path through the tower top box and on-air signals will not be passed to the station receivers. Form-C Contacts ALARM form-C relay contacts are located at the back of the MCU (see figure 14). These screw terminals are intended for connection to the customer’s supervisory and data acquisition system. Both normally open and normally closed contacts are available. There are two sets of screw terminals for customer convenience. Both sets of screw terminals have the same functionality. ALARMS The system will alarm when either of two distinct conditions occur including an abnormal current flow in any of the systems three amplifier assemblies or a loss of serial communications between the base unit and the tower top box. When the current to any of the three amplifiers deviates from normal by approximately +/- 55 ma or greater the specific device LED will glow a solid red. In addition, amplifier switching will take place in the tower top box if the fault lies with one of the tower top amplifiers. There is no switching provision for the amplifier in the MCU. The ALARM Form-C contacts located at the back of the unit will also change state. Fault detection circuitry continuously monitors the DC power operation of the primary tower top quadamplifier and automatically switches to the identical secondary quad-amplifier if conditions indicate a primary malfunction. If the secondary quad-amplifier malfunctions, operation switches to whichever amplifier is still providing some gain due to operation of one of its amplification paths. A loss of communications (along the main transmission line) between the microprocessors in the base unit and tower box will cause the front panel A and B indicator LED’s to flash RED. The ALARM TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 We recommend that when you are in the test mode and you complete your testing use the CANCEL button to exit back to normal mode and the default display. If you exit the test mode without using the CANCEL button and leave one of the amplifiers in other than its normal operating condition the message “NonFunctional” will appear in the LNA X ACTIVE sub-menu. As a safety feature the system will switch out of the test mode and back into the normal mode of operation after about 9 minutes of inactivity. Each of the three functions available through the TEST sub-menu is described below. Set LNA X Active Allows the selection of the active amplifier via software interface. 1) From the TEST sub-menu display use the ARROW buttons to scroll over to the SET LNA “A (or) B” ACTIVE menu choice, depending on which amplifier you want to choose as the active amp, and press the ENTER button. 2) If you choose to make the already active amplifier active again, the system will return you to the TEST sub-menu. If you choose to make the non-active amplifier active, then the “Test TTA Offline” message will appear. The RF signal path through the tower top box will be interrupted and on-air signals will not be passed to the station receivers. 3) Pressing the CANCEL button returns you to the default display. Whichever amplifier you had selected to be active in the TEST sub-menu will now be the active amplifier back in the normal mode and on-air signals will again pass through to the station receivers. 09/03/09 Page 24 NOTE If left unattended, after about 9 minutes the system will switch out of the test mode and back into the normal mode of operation. The amplifier selected while in the test mode will now become the active amp and on-air signals will again pass through to the station receivers. Terminate LNA X Allows you to connect the input of either of the tower top amplifiers to its internal 50 ohm load. 1) From the TEST sub-menu display use the ARROW buttons to scroll over to the TERMINATE LNA “A (or) B” menu choice and press the ENTER button. 2) If you choose to terminate the input of the nonactive amplifier the system will return you to the TEST sub-menu. This is the normal behavior of the system, having the input of the non-active amplifier terminated to a 50 Ohm load. If you choose to terminate the input of the active amplifier then the “Test TTA Offline” message will appear. The RF signal path through the tower top box will be interrupted and on-air signals will not be passed to the station receivers. NOTE If left unattended, after about 9 minutes the system will switch out of the test mode and back into the normal mode of operation. On-air signals will again pass through to the station receivers. 3) Pressing the CANCEL button returns you to the default display and on-air signals will again pass through to the station receivers. Un-Terminate LNA X Allows you to completely disconnect the input of either of the tower top amplifiers. The amplifier will no longer be connected to either the antenna or its internal 50 ohm load. 1) From the TEST sub-menu display use the ARROW buttons to scroll over to the UNTERM LNA “A (or) B” menu choice and press the ENTER button. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 2) If you choose to un-terminate the input of the active amplifier the system will return you to the TEST sub-menu. This is the normal behavior of the system, having the input of the active amplifier un-terminated. If you choose to un-terminate the input of the non-active amplifier then the “Test TTA Offline” message will appear. The RF signal path through the tower top box will not be interrupted and on-air signals will continue to be passed to the station receivers. NOTE If left unattended, after about 9 minutes the system will switch out of the test mode and back into the normal mode of operation. 3) Pressing the CANCEL button returns you to the default display. SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING System problems fall under these main categories: 1) Performance problems characterized by poor receiver sensitivity and possibly accompanied by activation of the alarm system. RF interference or component problems can be the cause. 2) Hardware problems. 3) Power Supply. Performance Degradation Most performance difficulties manifest as an intermittent or continuous loss of effective receive channel sensitivity sometimes accompanied by audible interference in FM systems or dropouts in digital radios. Sensitivity loss on a continuous basis is more likely to indicate a hardware problem which may produce an alarm condition. Table 9 is a troubleshooting guide that is read from top to bottom to narrow down the possible causes. The guide contains both symptoms and suggested tests as outlined earlier in this manual. Both the measurement of sensitivity and observation of the output spectrum are key tests along with the presence of any alarm condition. Hardware Problems Two of the most common reasons for TTA alarms are direct lightning strikes and vandalism. Even though the system is designed with redundancy so that likely-to-fail components have backups, it is possible to shut the system down, especially if a 09/03/09 Page 25 Loss of Sensitivity (Intermittent / Continuous) Individual Receive Channel(s) affected Intermittent Continuous All Receive Channels affected Intermittent Continuous Measure Sensitivity Measure Sensitivity Measure Sensitivity Measure Sensitivity Small to moderate loss of sensitivity Small to severe loss of sensitivity Small to moderate loss of sensitivity Small to severe loss of sensitivity Do spectrum analysis Do spectrum analysis Do spectrum analysis Do spectrum analysis Two or more carriers > 35 dBm when desense occurs On-channel TX stuck on and visible in spectrum. One carrier > 35 dBm when desense occurs then Carrier Desense Interference likely. Possible Alarm condition Other-channel modulation heard in FM system or dropouts in digital system Defective cable / connector / Receiver Carrier(s) < 35 dBm when desense occurs then Transmitter Noise Interference likely. Check operation with amplifier A and B. Failed amplifier gives low sensitivity on 1 amplifier only. Intermodulation Interference likely If operation is the same on amplifier A or B, Defective common component is likely Table 9: Troubleshooting Guide for TTA systems with degraded performance. Shaded blocks indicate common possible cause. common component such as a transmission line or antenna is damaged. LIGHTNING & LIGHTNING ARRESTERS The tower box uses three lightning arresters: one on the antenna port, one for the main transmission line and one for the test line. Although no practical amount of protection can prevent catastrophic failure as the result of a direct hit, the lightning arresters are very effective in preventing damage from nearby strikes and smaller direct hits. Lightning arresters do not last forever and can eventually fail, especially after a direct hit. A damaged arrester can cause low gain with known-good A and B amplifiers. An arrester with lightning damage will exhibit increased insertion loss, poor return loss and may appear as a DC short on the main or test lines. VANDALISM Damage to the TTA caused by hunters or targetshooters in remote locations is not uncommon. Penetrating bullets may open or short transmission lines. Operating voltages are applied to the tower top box by the main transmission line. In addition, TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 the main transmission line carries RF, so serious damage to this cable can prevent system operation. The system will operate normally if the test transmission line becomes damaged but there will be a loss of system testing and an alarm will be continuously set. AC Line Fuse (Model 429-83H-01-M) A failure of the power supply will obviously shut the tower amplifier down because of high signal loss through the tower box and MCU. The power supply is located on the MCU chassis and has a replaceable 250 volt, 2 amp fuse for the AC line. The supply has a green status LED located next to the connectors which illuminates when the supply is turned on. DISCONNECTED CABLES If a faulty connection occurs in any segment of either the main transmission cable, test cable, or the CAT-5e cables the system responds with a fault indication. In the case of the CAT-5e cables the fault could occur in either the cable which runs between the rear of the MCU and the bulkhead lightning arrester or the cable which runs between 09/03/09 Page 26 the front panel circuit board and the rear panel circuit board (on the MCU deck itself). Table 10 lists the faults and system responses. Fault Indication Main Cable Disconnected Base LED steady Red. A and B LED flash Red. “Tower Comm Lost” message appears in sub-menu’s. Test Cable Disconnected Base LED steady RED. “Test Cable Not Connected” message appears in the TEST CABLE sub-menu. CAT-5e Cable Disconnected Base LED steady Green. A and B LED flash Red. “Tower Comm Lost” message appears in sub-menu’s. Table 10: Disconnected Cables. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE The following procedures can be followed as part of a periodic maintenance program. 1) TX RX Systems Inc. recommends that tests for establishing the performance level of the system, as outlined in this manual, be performed every six months. 2) Because it is possible that the current alarms may not detect a fault affecting RF gain, we recommend measuring system sensitivity every six months and comparing this value against the stored value. 3) A yearly inspection of the tower box is also recommended. The box features a hinged door, which may be opened after loosening the locking clamps. Inspect and tighten any loose connectors or other hardware. Make sure the moisture relief openings are unobstructed and remove any accumulated condensation. It is important to tighten the door-clamp locking screws uniformly after inspection so that the door gasket seal is maintained. Tighten each clamp about half-way, then start back at the first clamp and fully tighten each one in the same order. Tighten with a hand tool only. 4) All feedline connections should be inspected for tightness and waterproofing integrity. Water seeping into the transmission lines will cause system degradation. RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS It is recommended that one distribution amplifier assembly be kept on hand for emergency repairs. The par t number of the distribution amplifier assembly is 3-21450. OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT Optional equipment can be purchased from TX RX Systems Inc. in order to increase the performance of your TTA system. These include a narrowband filter as well as a multicoupler expansion deck. The narrowband filter is designed to help limit the bandwidth of the multicoupler unit. The multicoupler expansion deck will increase the total multicoupler outputs to 32. Narrowband Filter There are a total of nine different narrowband filters available for use with your TTA system. There are four filters which operate in the 792 to 806 MHz range and five filters in the 806 to 824 MHz range. Table 11 lists all of the optional narrowband filters. The narrowband filter is designed to be added to the RF signal path just after the distribution amplifier in the MCU. The additional filter will provide a narrower pass window for the multicoupler unit. Model # Operating Range (MHz) Bandwidth (MHz) 89-83F-02-03 792 to 806 3 89-83F-02-06 792 to 806 6 89-83F-02-09 792 to 806 9 89-83F-02-14 792 to 806 14 89-86A-02-03 806 to 824 3 89-86A-02-05 806 to 824 5 89-86A-02-10 806 to 824 10 89-86A-02-15 806 to 824 15 89-86A-02-18 806 to 824 18 Table 11: Optional Narrowband Filters. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 27 Opt Filter RF IN From Tower Dist Amp 8-Way RF OUT 4-Way 8-Way RF OUT Figure 19: Optional filter interconnect diagram. Multicoupler Expansion Deck The optional multicoupler expansion deck (part # DDX1002A) is shown in Figure 20 and includes a pair of 8-way dividers mounted on a 19 inch deck. These 8-way dividers are designed to be connected to the unused outputs of the 4-way divider at the back of the MCU deck (refer to figure 2C). With this option installed, a total of 32 system receivers can be connected, with the system gain remaining constant for all receivers. Cables are provided for connecting the inputs of the 8-ways to the unused outputs of the 4-way. It is recommended that the multicoupler expansion deck be mounted in the same rack just beneath the MCU deck. The optional multicoupler expansion deck will require 1 “rack unit” of space. Figure 19 shows a basic interconnect diagram for the filter, specific installation instructions are included with the optional filter when it ships from the factory. It is recommended that the filter be mounted in the same rack just above the MCU. The optional filter will require 2 “rack units” of space. Figure 20: Optional multicoupler expansion deck, part # DDX1002A. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 28 APPENDIX A Front Panel Ethernet Connectivity ETHERNET CONNECTIVITY The front panel LAN connector on the MCU provides for 10/100 BASE-T Ethernet connection using the TCP-IP protocol. This product feature allows access to a web-based interface for controlling and monitoring of amplifier currents, alarms, and attenuators. The web based interface requires a JAVA runtime environment (version 1.6.0). The JAVA software can be downloaded free of charge from the Sun Microsystems website found at “http:/ /java.com/en/download/index.jsp”. An RJ45 connector is provided on the front panel of the MCU for the network connection. The MCU is shipped from t h e fa c t o r y w i t h a d e fa u l t I P a d d r e s s o f “192.168.1.1”. Two connection schemes are discussed including a direct connection from your laptop computer to the MCU front panel as well as connecting the MCU to a networked environment. A direct connection (at the installation site) should be established the first time you interface to the TTA using the fixed IP mentioned above. Once the initial communications are established the IP address in the MCU can be changed to permit a networked connection (from a remote site such as your office). Direct Connection Your initial connection to the TTA system should be a direct connection to the front panel using an Ethernet crossover cable. Figure A1 shows the proper way to interconnect the equipment as well as the pinout for a CAT-5 crossover cable. REQUIRED EQUIPMENT Cat-5 Crossover Cable Laptop Computer with a network interface card installed. In addition, the JAVA run-time environment version 1.6.0, and a web browser such as Internet Explorer must also be installed on the laptop. PROCEDURE To connect your laptop computer to the front panel LAN port and access the web page interface, perform the following steps; TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 1) Insure the JAVA runtime environment software is installed on your laptop. 2) Connect your laptop network port to the LAN connector on the MCU front panel using a standard CAT-5 Crossover cable. NOTE The front panel LAN connector has two built-in bi-color status LED’s which will aid you in establishing communications. The meaning of each LED is shown in Table A1. LINK LED (left side) ACTIVITY LED (right side) Color Meaning Color Meaning Off No Link Off No Activity Amber 10 Mbps Amber Half-Duplex Green 100 Mbps Green Full-Duplex Table A1: LAN port status LED’s 3) The left-most (LINK) status LED built-in to the LAN port connector should illuminate amber or green indicating that a good physical connection is established between your computer and the TTA. 4) Insure that your laptop’s IP address is compatible with the default address of the TTA system. This may require changes be made to the Ethernet adaptor address on your laptop. Your laptop’s IP address will need to be set to “192.168.1.2” along with a subnet mask of “255.0.0.0”. The right-most (ACTIVITY) status LED built-in to the LAN port connector will turn amber or green indicating good TCP-IP communications are established between the laptop and the MCU. 5) Launch your web browser software on the laptop. 09/03/09 Page 29 1 Transmit (1 & 2) Receive (3 & 6) 8 1 8 Pin Orange/White 1 Orange 2 Green/White 3 Blue 4 Blue/White 5 Green 6 Brown/White 7 Brown 8 Pin 1 Green/White 2 Green 3 Orange/White 4 Blue 5 Blue/White 6 Orange 7 Brown/White 8 Brown Receive (1& 2) Transmit (3 & 6) Pins 4, 5, 7 and 8 are not used CAT-5 Cross-Over Cable Figure A1: Direct connection to the TTA using crossover cable. 6) In your web browsers address box type-in the address of the TTA “http://192.168.1.1” and press the ENTER key. The web page interface to the TTA should appear in your laptop’s browser window. The first time you launch the web page you may notice that the JAVA applet will load first. NOTE For a complete description of the web based interface software refer to the TX RX Systems Inc. technical manual 7-9440. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 Networked Connection Before attempting a networked connection to the TTA system consult with your IT support personnel for information concerning the correct IP address to use and any additional connectivity issues such as firewalls. Once you have the correct IP address you will need to direct connect to the TTA system as discussed in the earlier section of this appendix and reconfigure the TTA LAN port with this new address. You can then connect the TAA system using a straight-through CAT-5 cable to the networked environment and interface to it from a remote computer. Figure A2 shows the proper 09/03/09 Page 30 1 1 8 Pin Orange/White 1 Orange 2 Green/White 3 Blue 4 Blue/White 5 Green 6 Brown/White 7 Brown 8 Transmit (1 & 2) Receive (3 & 6) 8 Pin 1 Orange/White 2 Orange 3 Green/White 4 Blue 5 Blue/White 6 Green 7 Brown/White 8 Brown Receive (1& 2) Transmit (3 & 6) Pins 4, 5, 7 and 8 are not used 4 Port Ethernet Hub 1 2 3 4 4 Port Ethernet Hub 1 2 3 4 Internet Modem/Router CAT-5 Straight-Through Cable Modem/Router TX RX Systems member Bird Technologies Group LAN Remote PC System Figure A2: WAN connection to the TTA using straight-through cable. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 31 way to interconnect the equipment for a networked connection as well as the pinout for a straight-thru CAT-5 cable. REQUIRED EQUIPMENT Cat-5 Straight-thru Cable Laptop Computer with a network interface card installed. In addition, the JAVA run-time environment version 1.6.0, and a web browser such as Internet Explorer must also be installed on the laptop. PROCEDURE Before a networked connection can be established, the MCU LAN Por t must be changed to an IP address that’s compatible with your network. If you are unsure how to determine this address check with your IT support personnel. To connect the TTA LAN port to a networked environment and access the web page interface, perform the following steps; Figure A4: Connect using TCP-IP. 3) Launch Hyper-Term on your laptop. 1) Change the MCU’s LAN port IP address. To do this, direct connect your laptop to the MCU as discussed in the earlier section of this appendix (Direct Connection) and follow steps 1 through 4. 4) Once Hyper-Term is launched it will ask you to enter a connection name and choose an icon, see Figure A3. Use something descriptive like “TTA” for example. When the connection name is entered and an icon selected press the OK tab. 2) With the direct connection established, you can proceed with changing the IP address of the TTA by using the Hyper-Term utility and a Telnet connection. The Hyper-Term utility is usually included with the windows operating system. 5) The Connect To box will appear as shown in Figure A4. Under Connect Using select TCP-IP (Winsock) from the pull down choices. The Connect To box should reconfigure itself once you have selected TCP/IP (Winsock). Figure A3: Connection name and icon. Figure A5: Enter TCP-IP Parameters. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 32 Figure A6: Password Prompt. 6) Type in the host IP address. This is the current address of the TTA (factory default is 192.168.1.1). Type in the port number of 9999, see Figure A5. Click the OK tab to complete the TelNet connection. 7) The HyperTerm window will now display a flashing cursor, see Figure A6. Type in “bird” using small letters at the password prompt (“bird” is the factory default password). A prompt to enter the setup mode will now appear as shown in Figure A7. Figure A7: Entering the Setup Mode. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 33 8) TTA LAN port configuration information will be displayed as well as the Change Setup Menu as shown in Figure A8. For Your Choice type in “0” to select Server and press the ENTER key. 9) Enter the new IP address information that was provided to you from your IT support personnel. 10) To finalize your selections choose (9) to save the new information and exit the Setup Menu. Close the HyperTerm utility program. 11) Disconnect your laptop from the TTA. Connect your network cable (straight through type as shown in figure A2) to the front panel LAN connector. The TTA system can now be accessed through your network the same as you would any network connected device. 12) From your remote computer, in your web browser’s address box type-in the new IP address of the TTA system. The web page interface to the TTA should appear in your remote computer’s browser window. The first time you launch the web page you may notice that the JAVA applet will load first. NOTE For a complete description of the web based interface software refer to the TX RX Systems Inc. technical manual 7-9440. TTA Network Port Security In order to strengthen the security of the device and protect against network intruders, the LAN port is configured with the default security precautions described below. DATA ENCRYPTION The web interface uses data encryption to protect the data exchange between the TTA system and the attached device. The port employs 128-bit data encryption using the Rijndael algorithm and a special encryption key set at the factory. SNMP SUPPORT DISABLED This will prevent unauthorized SNMP access. If SNMP is required to be used for network management, this will need to be re-enabled and setup as desired by your network administrator TELNET SECURITY A factory default Telnet password has been added to deter anyone from accessing the product through the Telnet port without proper authorization. It is recommended that the user concerned with high security should change this to a password of choice. The procedure for doing this is explained in the next section. Figure A8: The Change Setup Menu. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 34 Changing The Telnet Port Password To change the Telnet port password perform the following steps; 5) To finalize your password change choose (9) to save the new information and exit the Change Setup Menu. Close the Hyperterm utility program. 1) Launch HyperTerm on your direct connected laptop or your remote PC. NOTE 2) Navigate to the Change Setup Menu by following steps 4 through 8 as discussed in the earlier section of this appendix (Networked Connection). It is suggested to keep note of this password change in order to prevent an issue with future connections through Telnet. 3) At the fourth query in the Server menu “Change telnet config password (N)” type-in “Y” for yes and you will be prompted to enter the new password. Refer to Figure A9. NOTE The password is factory limited to four characters. 4) Type-in the four characters of the new password and you will automatically return to the Change Setup Menu. Figure A9: Changing the Telnet Password. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 35 Appendix B Changing Your Service Computers IP Address When you initially direct connect your service computer to the TTA it will be necessary to change the computers IP address. The procedure for doing this varies depending upon your operating system. As an example, this appendix illustrates how to make the change using the Microsoft XP operating system. The procedure for other operating systems will vary slightly from this example. Consult with your IT support personnel if needed. To change the IP address (assuming the Microsoft XP operating system is being used) perform the following in a step-by-step fashion; 5) The “Local Area Connection Status” box will open. Single click the “Properties” tab as shown in Figure B4. Note: If you do not have the cable connected between the service computer and the TTA front panel the “Local Area Connection Status” box will not open. Instead proceed to step 6. 6) The “Local Area Connection Properties” box will open. Use the arrow buttons to scroll down the list until the “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” choice is highlighted as shown in Figure B5. Click the “Properties” tab at the right-center of the box. 1) Select “Start” from the status menu. 2) Single click the “Control Panel” choice from the “Start” pop-up menu as shown in Figure B1. 3) From the “Control Panel” icon selections double click on the “Network Connections” icon. Refer to Figure B2. 4) When the “Network Connections” folder opens double click on the “Local Area Connection” icon. See Figure B3. 7) Select the “Use the following IP address” bubble. Make sure the circle is filled-in. Refer to Figure B6. 8) Enter the new IP address and subnet mask values as shown in Figure B7. To interface your computer to the TTA Base Unit use an IP address of “192.168.1.2” and a subnet mask of “255.0.0.0”. 9) Click on the “OK” tab to initiate the changes. This completes the procedure. Close any open boxes. Figure B1: Choose the “Control Panel” icon. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 36 Figure B2: Select the “Network Connections” icon. Figure B3: Select the “Local Area Connection” icon. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 37 Figure B4: Select the “Properties” tab. Figure B5: Make sure the “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” choice is highlighted. Then select “OK”. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 38 Figure B6: Select “Use the following IP address”. Figure B7: Enter the new IP address and Subnet mask values. TX RX Systems Inc. Manual 7-9439-6 09/03/09 Page 39 8625 Industrial Parkway, Angola, NY 14006 Tel: 716-549-4700 Fax: 716-549-4772 [email protected] www.birdrfcom
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