Users manual MC784 12528kB

CONTENTS
User’s Manual
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
May 2016 • Version 3.00
This manual was produced using ComponentOne Doc-To-Help.™
CONTENTS
Contents
POWER QUALITY ANALYZER iMC784/MC784
1
WARNINGS, INFORMATION AND NOTES REGARDING DESIGNATION OF PRODUCT
2
BEFORE SWITCHING THE DEVICE ON
3
DEVICE SWITCH OFF WARNING
4
HEALTH AND SAFETY
5
REAL TIME CLOCK
6
DISPOSAL
7
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
9
Contents ......................................................................................................................... 9
Description of the iMC784/MC784 Power Quality Analyzer ........................................ 10
Abbreviation/Glossary .................................................................................................. 11
Purpose and use of the iMC784/MC784 Power Quality Analyzer ............................... 13
Device application and benefits ................................................................................... 14
Main Features, supported options and functionality of iMC784/MC784 Power
Quality analyzer ............................................................................................................ 15
CONNECTION
21
Mounting ...................................................................................................................... 22
Electrical connection for iMC784/MC784 Power Quality Analyzer.............................. 23
Connection of input/output modules .......................................................................... 25
Communication connection ......................................................................................... 28
Connection of Real Time Synchronization module C ................................................... 28
Connection of aux. Power supply ................................................................................. 30
FIRST STEPS
31
Installation wizard ........................................................................................................ 31
Notification icons .......................................................................................................... 34
LCD Navigation ............................................................................................................. 35
SETTINGS
37
MiQen software ............................................................................................................ 37
Devices management ...................................................................................................... 38
Device settings ................................................................................................................ 40
Real time measurements ................................................................................................ 41
Data analysis ................................................................................................................... 43
My Devices ...................................................................................................................... 43
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
I
CONTENTS
Upgrade .......................................................................................................................... 43
Software upgrading ........................................................................................................ 44
Setting procedure ............................................................................................................ 46
General Settings ........................................................................................................... 47
Description & Location .................................................................................................... 47
Average interval .............................................................................................................. 47
Language......................................................................................................................... 47
Currency .......................................................................................................................... 47
Temperature unit ............................................................................................................ 47
Date format ..................................................................................................................... 48
Date and time.................................................................................................................. 48
Real Time Synchronization Source .................................................................................. 48
Time zone ........................................................................................................................ 48
Auto Summer/Winter time .............................................................................................. 48
Maximum demand calculation (MD mode) .................................................................... 49
Thermal function ............................................................................................................. 49
Fixed window .................................................................................................................. 49
Sliding windows ............................................................................................................... 50
MD Time constant (min).................................................................................................. 51
Maximum demand reset mode ....................................................................................... 52
Min/Max reset mode ...................................................................................................... 52
Starting current for PF and PA (mA) ................................................................................ 52
Starting current for all powers (mA) ............................................................................... 52
Starting voltage for SYNC ................................................................................................ 52
Harmonics calculation ..................................................................................................... 52
Reactive power & energy calculation .............................................................................. 52
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 53
Connection.................................................................................................................... 54
Connection mode ............................................................................................................ 54
Setting of current and voltage ratios .............................................................................. 54
Neutral line Primary/Secondary current (A) .................................................................... 54
Used voltage/current range (V/A) ................................................................................... 54
Frequency nominal value (Hz) ......................................................................................... 54
Max. demand current for TDD (A) ................................................................................... 54
Wrong connection warning ............................................................................................. 54
Energy flow direction ...................................................................................................... 55
CT connection .................................................................................................................. 55
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 55
Communication ............................................................................................................ 56
Push Data Format ........................................................................................................... 56
Push Response Time (sec)................................................................................................ 56
(Push) Time Synchronization ........................................................................................... 56
USB Communication ........................................................................................................ 56
Ethernet communication ................................................................................................. 56
Device Address ................................................................................................................ 57
IP Address ........................................................................................................................ 57
IP Hostname .................................................................................................................... 57
Local port ........................................................................................................................ 57
Subnet Mask.................................................................................................................... 58
Gateway Address ............................................................................................................ 58
NTP Server ....................................................................................................................... 58
Push communication settings ......................................................................................... 58
MAC Address ................................................................................................................... 59
Firmware version ............................................................................................................. 59
Communication modes ................................................................................................... 59
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 62
II
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
CONTENTS
Display .......................................................................................................................... 63
Contrast/Black light intensity .......................................................................................... 63
Saving mode (min) .......................................................................................................... 63
Demo cycling period (sec) ............................................................................................... 63
Custom screen 1/2/3 ....................................................................................................... 63
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 64
Security ......................................................................................................................... 65
Password - Level 0 >PL0) ................................................................................................. 65
Password - Level 1 >PL1) ................................................................................................. 65
Password - Level 2 >PL2) ................................................................................................. 65
A Backup Password->BP)................................................................................................. 65
Password locks time >min) .............................................................................................. 65
Password setting ............................................................................................................. 65
Password modification .................................................................................................... 65
Password disabling .......................................................................................................... 65
Password and language .................................................................................................. 66
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 66
Energy ........................................................................................................................... 67
Active Tariff ..................................................................................................................... 67
Common Energy Counter Resolution............................................................................... 67
Common Energy Cost Exponent ...................................................................................... 67
Counter divider ................................................................................................................ 67
Common Tariff Price Exponent ........................................................................................ 67
1 kWh Price in Tariff (1,2,3,4) .......................................................................................... 68
1 kvarh Price in Tariff (1,2,3,4) ........................................................................................ 68
1 kVAh Price in Tariff (1,2,3,4) ......................................................................................... 68
LED Energy Counter ......................................................................................................... 68
LED Number of pulses ..................................................................................................... 68
LED Pulse Length (ms) ..................................................................................................... 68
Measured Energy ............................................................................................................ 68
Individual counter Resolution .......................................................................................... 68
Tariff Selector .................................................................................................................. 68
Tariff Clock ...................................................................................................................... 69
Holidays/Holiday date 1-20 ............................................................................................. 70
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 70
Inputs and outputs ....................................................................................................... 72
Introduction..................................................................................................................... 72
I/O Modules options ........................................................................................................ 72
I/O Modules..................................................................................................................... 72
Analogue output module ................................................................................................ 72
Analogue input module ................................................................................................... 73
Pulse output module ....................................................................................................... 74
Digital input module........................................................................................................ 74
Pulse input module .......................................................................................................... 74
Tariff input module.......................................................................................................... 74
Bistable alarm output module......................................................................................... 74
Alarm Output .................................................................................................................. 75
Status (Watchdog) and Relay output module ................................................................. 75
Auxiliary I/O Modules A & B ............................................................................................ 75
RTC Synchronization module C ........................................................................................ 76
LCD navigation ................................................................................................................ 77
Alarms ........................................................................................................................... 78
Alarms PUSH functionality .............................................................................................. 78
Push data to link.............................................................................................................. 78
Pushing period................................................................................................................. 78
Pushing time delay .......................................................................................................... 79
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
III
CONTENTS
Alarms group settings ..................................................................................................... 79
Alarm statistics reset ....................................................................................................... 79
MD Time constant (min).................................................................................................. 79
Compare time delay (sec) ................................................................................................ 79
Hysteresis (%) .................................................................................................................. 79
Response time ................................................................................................................. 80
Individual alarm settings ................................................................................................. 80
Advanced recorders...................................................................................................... 81
Logical Inputs and Logical Functions ............................................................................... 82
Triggers ........................................................................................................................... 84
Recorders ...................................................................................................................... 102
Conformity of voltage with EN 50160 standard ......................................................... 113
General PQ settings ....................................................................................................... 113
Monitoring mode .......................................................................................................... 113
Electro energetic system ............................................................................................... 113
Monitoring voltage connection ..................................................................................... 114
Nominal supply voltage................................................................................................. 114
Nominal power frequency ............................................................................................. 114
Flicker calculation function ........................................................................................... 114
Monitoring period (weeks) ............................................................................................ 114
Monitoring start day ..................................................................................................... 114
Flagged events setting .................................................................................................. 114
Sending Reports and Report Details .............................................................................. 115
EN 50160 parameters settings ...................................................................................... 116
Reset ........................................................................................................................... 117
Reset energy counter .................................................................................................... 117
Reset energy counter Cost ............................................................................................. 117
Reset MD values ............................................................................................................ 117
Reset last period MD ..................................................................................................... 117
Synchronize MD............................................................................................................. 117
Alarm relay [1/2/3/4] Off .............................................................................................. 118
Reset Min/Max values ................................................................................................... 118
Reset alarm statistic ...................................................................................................... 118
LCD navigation .............................................................................................................. 118
MEASUREMENTS
119
Online measurements ................................................................................................ 119
Interactive instrument ................................................................................................ 120
Supported measurements .......................................................................................... 121
Available connections ................................................................................................. 121
Selection of available quantities................................................................................. 121
Explanation of basic concepts .................................................................................... 126
Sample factor MV .......................................................................................................... 126
Average interval MP ...................................................................................................... 126
Sample frequency .......................................................................................................... 126
Average interval ............................................................................................................ 126
Average interval for measurements and display........................................................... 126
Average interval for min/max values ............................................................................ 126
Average (storage) interval for recorders ....................................................................... 126
Average (aggregation) interval for PQ parameters ...................................................... 126
Power and energy flow ................................................................................................. 127
Calculation and display of measurements ................................................................. 128
Keyboard and LCD (MC784) display presentation ...................................................... 128
Keyboard and TFT (iMC784) display presentation ..................................................... 128
Measurements menu organization ............................................................................ 130
IV
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
CONTENTS
Measurements menu MC784 ..................................................................................... 130
Measurements menu iMC784 .................................................................................... 131
Present values ............................................................................................................ 133
Present values on LCD and TFT display ...................................................................... 133
Voltage .......................................................................................................................... 133
Current .......................................................................................................................... 134
Active, reactive and apparent power ............................................................................ 134
Power factor and power angle ...................................................................................... 134
Frequency ...................................................................................................................... 135
Energy counters............................................................................................................. 135
MD values ..................................................................................................................... 135
Harmonic distortion ...................................................................................................... 135
Harmonic distortion parameters ................................................................................... 136
Flickers evaluation ......................................................................................................... 136
Flickers........................................................................................................................... 136
Customized screens ....................................................................................................... 136
Min/Max values .......................................................................................................... 137
Average interval for min/max values ............................................................................ 137
Display of min/max values on MC784 ........................................................................... 137
Display of min/max values on iMC784 .......................................................................... 137
Display of min/max values – MiQen software .............................................................. 138
Alarms ......................................................................................................................... 139
Survey of alarms ......................................................................................................... 141
Demo cycling .............................................................................................................. 142
Harmonic analysis ....................................................................................................... 142
Display of harmonic parameters ................................................................................... 143
Harmonic analasis – MiQen .......................................................................................... 145
PQ Analysis ................................................................................................................. 148
LCD navigation .............................................................................................................. 157
PQDIF and COMTRADE files on iMC784/MC784 – concept description .................... 159
Working with PQDIF and COMTRADE files on the device .......................................... 159
Accessing PQDIF files ..................................................................................................... 159
Accessing COMTRADE files ............................................................................................ 165
PQDiffractor - PQDIF and COMTRADE file viewer ......................................................... 166
TECHNICAL DATA
169
Accuracy ..................................................................................................................... 169
Measurement inputs .................................................................................................. 171
Connection.................................................................................................................. 172
Communication .......................................................................................................... 172
Input/Output modules ............................................................................................... 173
Safety .......................................................................................................................... 176
Time synchronization input ........................................................................................ 176
Universal Power Supply .............................................................................................. 177
Mechanical ................................................................................................................. 177
Ambient conditions .................................................................................................... 177
Real time clock ............................................................................................................ 178
Operating conditions .................................................................................................. 178
Dimensions ................................................................................................................. 179
APPENDICES
181
APPENDIX A: MODBUS communication protocol....................................................... 181
APPENDIX B: DNP3 communication protocol ............................................................. 190
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
V
CONTENTS
APPENDIX C: Equations............................................................................................... 198
APPENDIX D: XML Data format................................................................................... 202
APPENDIX E: PQDIF and COMTRADE recorder data storage organization ................. 204
APPENDIX F: IEC61850 protocol support overview .................................................... 207
VI
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
POWER QUALITY ANALYZER iMC784/MC784
POWER
QUALITY
iMC784/MC784
iMC784
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
ANALYZER
MC784
1
WARNINGS, INFORMATION AND NOTES REGARDING DESIGNATION OF PRODUCT
WARNINGS, INFORMATION AND
NOTES REGARDING DESIGNATION
OF PRODUCT
Used symbols:
See product documentation.
Double insulation in compliance with the EN 61010−1 standard.
Functional ground potential.
Note: This symbol is also used for marking a terminal for protective ground
potential if it is used as a part of connection terminal or auxiliary supply
terminals.
Compliance of the product with directive 2002/96/EC, as first priority, the
prevention of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), and in
addition, the reuse, recycling and other forms of recovery of such wastes so as
to reduce the disposal of waste. It also seeks to improve the environmental
performance of all operators involved in the life cycle of electrical and
electronic equipment.
Compliance of the product with European CE directives.
2
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
BEFORE SWITCHING THE DEVICE ON
BEFORE SWITCHING THE DEVICE ON
Check the following before switching on the device:









Nominal voltage,
Supply voltage,
Nominal frequency,
Voltage ratio and phase sequence,
Current transformer ratio and terminals integrity,
Protection fuse for voltage inputs (recommended maximal external fuse size is 6 A)
External switch or circuit-breaker must be included in the installation for disconnection of the devices’
aux. power supply. It must be suitably located and properly marked for reliable disconnection of the
device when needed.
Integrity of earth terminal
Proper connection and voltage level of I/O modules
Important: A current transformer secondary should be short circuited before connecting the device.
WARNING!
Auxiliary power supply can be LOW range (19-70VDC, 48-77VAC). Connecting device with LOW power supply to higher
voltage will cause device malfunction. Check devices’ specification before power on!
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
3
DEVICE SWITCH OFF WARNING
DEVICE SWITCH OFF WARNING
Auxiliary supply circuits for (external) relays can include capacitors between supply and ground. In order to
prevent electrical shock hazard, the capacitors should be discharged via external terminals after having
completely disconnected auxiliary supply (both poles of any DC supply).
4
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
HEALTH AND SAFETY
HEALTH AND SAFETY
The purpose of this chapter is to provide a user with information on safe installation and handling with the
product in order to assure its correct use and continuous operation.
We expect that everyone using the product will be familiar with the contents of chapter »Security Advices and
Warnings«.
If equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment
may be impaired.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
5
REAL TIME CLOCK
REAL TIME CLOCK
As a backup power supply for Real time clock super-cap is built in. Support time is up to 2 days (after each
power supply down).
6
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
DISPOSAL
DISPOSAL
It is strongly recommended that electrical and electronic equipment is not deposit as municipal waste. The
manufacturer or provider shall take waste electrical and electronic equipment free of charge. The complete
procedure after lifetime should comply with the Directive 2002/96/EC about restriction on the use of certain
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
7
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
BASIC
DESCRIPTION
OPERATION
AND
This chapter presents all relevant information about the instrument required to understand its purpose,
applicability and basic features related to its operation.
Apart from this, it also contains navigational tips, description of used symbols and other useful information for
understandable navigation through this manual.
Regarding the options of this instrument, different chapters should be considered since a particular sub variant
might vary in functionality. More detailed description of device functions is given in chapters Main Features,
Supported options and Functionality.
The iMC784/MC784 Advanced Power Quality Analyzer is available in 144mmx144mm panel mounting
enclosure. Specifications of housing and panel cut out for housing is specified in chapter
Contents
Contents and size of a packaging box can slightly vary depending on type of consignment.
Single device shipment or a very small quantity of devices is shipped in a larger cardboard box, which offers
better physical protection during transport. This type of packaging contains the following items:




Measuring instrument
Fixation screws
Pluggable terminals for connection of inputs, aux. Power supply and I/O modules
Short installation manual
When larger quantities of devices are sent they are shipped in smaller cardboard boxes for saving space and
thus reducing shipment costs. This type of packaging contains:




Measuring instrument
Fixation screws
Pluggable terminals for connection of inputs, aux. power supply and I/O modules
Short installation manual
All related documentation on this product can be found at www.iskra.eu/products/. The instrument desktop
based setting software – MiQen2, together with accompanying drivers can be found on our web page
http://www.iskra.eu/download/software/. Due to environmental reasons, all this information is longer
provided on a separate CD.
CAUTION
Please examine the equipment carefully for potential damage which might have occurred during transport!
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
9
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Description of the iMC784/MC784 Power Quality Analyzer
iMC784
The iMC784 Power Quality Analyzer is a comprehensive device intended for permanent monitoring of power
quality from its production, transmission, distribution all the way to the final consumers, who are most affected
by inadequate voltage quality. It is mostly applicable in medium and low voltage applications.
Lack of information regarding supplied voltage quality can lead to unexplained production problems and
malfunction or can even damage equipment being used during factory production process. Therefore, this
device can be used for the needs of electrical utilities (evaluation against standards) as well as for industrial
purposes (e.g. for monitoring the level of supplied power quality).
Appearance
1 – Color TFT display
2 – Navigation keyboard/USB
port
Color TFT display:
5.7 inch color TFT display is used for displaying measuring quantities and for a display of selected
functions when setting the device.
Navigation keyboard:
The "Enter" key is used for confirming/selecting the settings. Direction keys are used for navigating
between screens and menus. Function of individual key may vary depending on the selected screen.
USB port – equipped with a front panel USB 2.0 memory stick slot. Intended for downloading
internally stored data, uploading setting file and performing firmware upgrades. (not yet supported).
MC784
The MC784 Advanced Power Quality Analyzer is a comprehensive device intended for permanent monitoring of
power quality from its production, transmission, distribution all the way to the final consumers, who are most
affected by inadequate voltage quality. It is mostly applicable in medium and low voltage applications.
Lack of information regarding supplied voltage quality can lead to unexplained production problems and
malfunction or can even damage equipment being used during factory production process. Therefore, this
device can be used for the needs of electrical utilities (evaluation against standards) as well as for industrial
purposes (e.g. for monitoring the level of supplied power quality).
10
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Appearance
1 – Graphical LCD
2 – Navigation keyboard
3 – General operation LED indicators
(clock synchro./comm./alarm)
4 – I/O status LED indicators
Graphical LCD:
A graphical LCD with back-light is used for displaying measuring quantities and for a display of selected
functions when setting the device.
Navigation keyboard:
The "OK" key is used for confirming the settings, selecting and exiting the display. Direction keys are
used for shifting between screens and menus.
LED indicators:
There are two types of LED indicators positioned on the front panel. General operation LED indicators
and I/O status LED indicators.
General operation LED indicators warn on certain device status. The left-most (red) indicator indicates
that the device internal clock is synchronized (via GPS, IRIG-B or NTP protocol). The middle (green) one
is blinking when transmitting MC data via communication to the server. The right-most (red) one is
blinking when any of the alarm conditions is fulfilled.
I/O state LED indicators are in operation when additional Modules A and/or B are built-in. These
modules can have the functionality of Digital input or Relay output. They are indicating the state of a
single I/O. Red LED is lit in either of the following conditions:


Relay output is activated
Signal is present on Digital input
Abbreviation/Glossary
Abbreviations are explained within the text where they appear the first time. Most common abbreviations and
expressions are explained in the following table:
Term
Explanation
RMS
Root Mean Square value
Type of a memory module that keeps its content in case of power
Flash
supply failure
Ethernet
IEEE 802.3 data layer protocol
MODBUS / DNP3
Industrial protocol for data transmission
Memory card
Multimedia memory card. Type MMC and SD supported.
MiQen
Setting Software for Iskra instruments
PA total
Power Angle calculated from total active and apparent power
Term
Explanation
PAphase
Angle between fundamental phase voltage and phase current
Power factor, calculated from apparent and active power (affected
PFphase
by harmonics)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
11
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
THD (U, I)
Total harmonic distortion
Total demand distortion (according to IEEE Std. 519-1992). Indicates
TDD (I)
harmonic distortion at full load.
Indicates a weighting of the harmonic load currents according to
K factor (I)
their effects on transformer heating. (according to IEEE C57.110)
Indicates a ratio between the peak amplitude of the waveform and
CREST factor (I)
the RMS value of the waveform.
MD
Max. Demand; Measurement of average values in time interval
FFT graphs
Graphical display of presence of harmonics
Harmonic voltage − Sine voltage with frequency equal to integer multiple of basic
harmonic
frequency
InterHarmonic
Sine voltage with frequency NOT equal to integer multiple of basic
voltage
−
frequency
interharmonics
Voltage fluctuation causes changes of luminous intensity of lamps,
Flicker
which causes the so-called flicker
RTC
Real Time Clock
Defines a number of periods for measuring calculation on the basis of
Sample factor
measured frequency
Mp − Average interval Defines frequency of refreshing displayed measurements
Percentage specifies increase or decrease of a measurement from a
Hysteresis [%]
certain limit after exceeding it.
IRIG-B
Serial Inter-range instrumentation group time code
GPS
Satellite navigation and time synchronization system
PO
Pulse output module
TI
Tariff input module
RO
Relay output module
BO
Bistable alarm output module
AO
Analogue output module
DI
Digital input module
PI
Pulse input module
AI
Analogue input module
WO
Status (watchdog) module – for supervision of proper operation
Power Quality Data Interchange Format, which is a binary file format
PQDIF
(according to IEEE Std 1159.3-2003) that is used to exchange power
quality data among different SW products.
Common format for Transient Data Exchange for power systems is a
COMTRADE
file format for storing oscillography and status data related to
transient power system disturbances.
Represents the detailed time-dependent shape and form of a
Waveform
voltage, current or logical input signal
Represents power quality disturbances that involve destructive high
magnitudes of current and voltage or even both. They exist in a very
Transient
short duration from less than 50 nanoseconds to as long as 50
milliseconds.
These are used for monitoring long-term disturbances. Every half/full
Disturbance
cycle, RMS value is calculated, based on the previous cycle.
PQ
Power Quality
List of common abbreviations and expressions
12
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Purpose and use of the iMC784/MC784 Power Quality
Analyzer
This instrument performs measurements in compliance with regulatory requested standard EN 61000-4-30 and
evaluates recorded parameters for analysis according to parameters defined in European power quality
standard EN50160. It enables storage of a wide variety of highly detailed oscillography data in 8GB of internal
flash memory based on a sophisticated trigger settings mechanism. Data can be stored in standardized PQDIF
(IEEE 1159-3) and COMTRADE (IEEE C37.111) file formats which can easily be exchanged with third party PQ
analysis SW systems.
Moreover the MC784 stores measurements and quality reports in internal memory for further analysis. By
accessing recorded or real time values from multiple instruments installed on different locations it is possible to
gain the overall picture of the complete systems’ behavior. This can be achieved with regard to MC784
accurate internal real time clock and wide range of synchronization sources support, which assure accurate,
time-stamped measurements from dislocated units.
Stored data can then be transferred to a PC or server for post analysis. The simplest way this is done is by
directly connecting a PC with installed MiQEN Setting Studio SW via USB cable. In cases where multiple devices
are used the MiSMART system server usage is recommended where all relevant data from all system
connected instruments is always available from a centralized database through the push XML communication
mechanism. To save server space high precision data can also be transferred from a selected device on-demand
using FTP.
The following characteristics are measured and recorded:
Monitored Power Quality indices as defined by EN 50160
Phenomena
PQ Parameters
Frequency variations
Frequency distortion
Voltage variations
Voltage fluctuation
Voltage unbalance
Voltage changes
Rapid voltage changes
Flicker
Voltage events
Voltage dips
Voltage interruptions
Voltage swells
Harmonics & THD
THD
Harmonics
Inter-harmonics
Signaling voltage
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
13
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Device application and benefits
The iMC784/MC784 Quality Analyzer can be used as a standalone PQ monitoring device for detection and
analysis of local PQ deviations, transients, alarms and periodic measurements. For this purpose it is normally
positioned at the point-of-common-coupling (PCC) of industrial and commercial energy consumers to monitor
quality of delivered electric energy or at medium or low voltage feeders to monitor, detect and record possible
disturbances caused by operation of consumers.
Identifying relevant fixed measuring points is the most important task prior to complete system installation.
The implementation of a PQ system itself will not prevent disturbances in network but rather help diagnose
their origins and effects by comparing and scrutinizing data from multiple time synchronized measurement
points.
Therefore the most extensive benefits are achieved when the iMC784/MC784 is used as a part of a PQ
monitoring system comprising of strategically positioned meters connected to the MiSMART software solution.
This three-tier middleware software represents a perfect tool for utility companies, energy suppliers and other
parties on both ends of supply-demand chain. MiSMART data collector with “push” communication system
allows automatic recording of all predefined measured parameters in the device. All sent data are stored in the
MiSMART database, while leaving a copy of the same parameters stored locally in device memory of each
device as a backup copy. Database records can be analyzed, searched as well as viewed in tabelaric and graphic
form using the native MiSMART web client application or other third-party software. (e.g. SCADA systems, OPC
server, PQ analysis established software…) At the same time device data can also be visualized and analyzed
on-demand by means of the powerful freely-downloadable MiQEN setting studio SW.
Server database records (with a copy in device memory) include numerous parameters of three-phase systems,
which have been setup in the device (PQ parameters, over 700 evaluated electrical quantities, I/O module
related physical parameters (e.g. temp., pressure, wind speed…). On the other hand the database also holds
data on alarms and detailed time-stamped transient, waveform, disturbance PQ data and fast trend trigger
records with complete oscillography data in standardized PQDIF/COMTRADE file formats.
14
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Main Features, supported options and functionality of
iMC784/MC784 Power Quality analyzer
iMC784/MC784 Advanced Power Quality Analyzer is a perfect tool for monitoring and analyzing medium or low
voltage systems in power distribution and industrial segments. It can be used as a standalone PQ monitoring
device for detection of local PQ deviations. For this purpose it is normally positioned at the point-of-commoncoupling (PCC) of small and medium industrial and commercial energy consumers to monitor quality of
delivered electric energy or at medium or low voltage feeders to monitor, detect and record possible
disturbances caused by (unauthorized) operation of consumers.
User can select different hardware modules that can be implemented in device. Wide range of variants can
cover practically every user’s requirements.
MC784 Advanced Power Quality Analyzer is a compact, user friendly and cost effective device that offers
various features to suit most of the requirements for a demanding power system management:
o Evaluation of the electricity supply quality in compliance with EN50160 with automatic report generation
o Instantaneous evaluation of over 700 electrical measurement quantities values including PQ related
parameters, harmonics (voltage/current THDs, TDDs, up to 63rd current voltage/current harmonics, voltage
phase-phase and inter-harmonics)
o Class A (0.1%) accuracy in compliance with EN61000-4-30
o Oscillography capability for recording waveforms with up to 625 samples/cycle sampling frequency
o Recording of disturbance, trend and Power Quality (PQ) events in trigger related recorders
o All trigger related recorder data available on-demand through FTP and automatically on the MiSMART
server via autonomous push communication or on demand
o A sophisticated triggering mechanism to register and record events of various nature:
 Transient event generated triggers based on hold-off time (in ms), absolute peak value (%) and fast
change (in %Un/µs)
 PQ event generated triggers based on the following events: voltage dip, voltage swell, voltage
interruption, end of voltage interruption, rapid voltage change and inrush current
 External Ethernet triggers enabling trigger events with up to 8 different devices within the network
 External digital triggers based on logical/digital inputs
 Up to 16 combined triggers enabling logical operation on previously configured triggers of various
nature
o Recording a wide variety of data in the internal device 8GB flash memory based on trigger settings:
 All activated triggers together with timestamp, duration, condition as well as a reference to an
(optionally) generated transient, waveform, disturbance and fast trend record
 Waveform recorder with PQDIF/COMTRADE data format selection, selectable recorded channels
(4×Voltage, 4×Current, 16×Digital input), 19 samp./cycle to 625 samp./cycle resolution, pretrigger
time from 0,01s up to 1s, posttrigger time from 0,01s up to 40s (20s for 625 samp./cycle)
 Disturbance recorder with PQDIF/COMTRADE data format selection, selectable recorded channels
(4×P-N Voltage, 3×P-P Voltage, 4×Current, 8×Logical inputs), half/full cycle averaging interval, pretrigger time up to 3000 cycles, post trigger time up to 60000 cycles
 Periodic measurements in 4 standard trend recorders A through D each containing up to 32 arbitrarily
evaluated (maximum, minimum, average, maximum demand, minimum demand, actual) quantities
with periods ranging from 1min to 60min
 Periodic measurements in advanced fast trend recorders 1 through 4 each containing over 700
arbitrarily evaluated (maximum, minimum, average, actual) quantities with periods ranging from 1s to
60min. The recorder can be set to PQDIF data format selection
 32 adjustable alarms in 4 alarm groups each containing up to 8 alarms. Alarms relate to a particular
quantity over/under threshold and serve the purpose of controlling on-device relay outputs as well as
informing the server about the occurrence of alarm events
 Recording and on-board evaluation of PQ anomalies and PQ reports based on EN50160
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
15
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
o Four quadrant energy measurement in 8 programmable counters with class 0.2S accuracy with up to four
tariffs and an advanced tariff clock. Every Counters’ resolution and range can be defined. The counter
content can be configured as:
 Active energy (Wh) import
 Active energy (Wh) export
 Reactive energy (varh) import
 Reactive energy (varh) export
 Total absolute active energy (Wh)
 Total absolute reactive energy (varh)
 Total absolute apparent energy (VAh)
 Custom settings (phase dependent, four quadrant – P/Q/import/export selection)
o Automatic range selection of 4 current and 4 voltage channels (max. 12.5 A and 1000 VRMS) with 32 kHz
sampling rate
o Measurements of 40 minimal and maximal values in different time intervals (from 1 to 256 periods)
o Frequency range from 16 Hz to 400 Hz
o Ethernet and USB 2.0 communication support
o Communication - MODBUS, DNP3, FTP, upgradeable to EN61850 (optionally – see Appendix F)
o Support for GPS, IRIG-B (modulated and digital) and NTP real time clock synchronization
o Up to 20 inputs/outputs (analogue inputs/outputs, digital inputs/outputs, alarm/watchdog outputs, pulse
input/outputs, tariff inputs, bistable outputs)
o MiQEN Setting studio User-friendly setting and analysis software with FTP communication feasibility for
seamless device settings and single device advanced analysis
o MiSMART system SW support for automatic (via autonomous push XML communication) as well as on
demand data transfer (via FTP) from multiple instruments to the server through which relevant recorder
data from each device in the system is available
o On-board Web server support for basic measurement overview
o Multilingual support (MC784 only)
o Universal power supply (two voltage ranges)
o 144 mm square panel mounting
o Available with:
 5.7 inch color TFT display (iMC784)
 128x64 pixel display (MC784)
o USB memory stick slot (optional)
16
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
General hardware Features
General
Class A measuring accuracy (0.1%) according to EN 61000-4-30 Ed.3
Voltage auto range up to 1000Vp-pRMS
Current auto range up to 12.5 A
4 voltage and 4 current channels with 32 us sampling time
Universal power supply type High / Low
Two independent communication ports (see data below)
Support for GPS / IRIG-B / NTP real time synchronization
Up to 20 additional inputs and outputs (see data below)
Internal flash memory (8MB+8GB)
Real time clock (RTC)
standard 144 mm DIN square panel mounting
Front panel
Graphical LCD display with back light (MC784)
LED indicator (sync/com./alarm)
I/O status LED indicator
Control keys on front panel (5 keys)
Communication
COM1: Ethernet +USB
COM2: Serial (RS232/ RS485 on slot C if other synchronization modes are in use)
●
− Function is supported (default)
○
− Optional (to be specified with an order)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Default / Optional
●
●
●
●
●/○
○
●/●/●
○
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
17
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
General hardware Features
Input and output modules
Input / output module 1
2×AO / 2×AI / 2×RO / 2×PO / 2×PI / 2×TI / 1×BO / 2×DI / WO+RO
Input / output module 2
2×AO / 2×AI / 2×RO / 2×PO / 2×PI / 2×TI / 1×BO / 2×DI / WO+RO
Auxiliary input / output module A
I/O A
(1-8) DI / RO
Auxiliary input / output module B
I/O B
(1-8) DI
Synchronization module C
I/O C
GPS + 1pps / IRIG-B / COM2
●
Function is supported (default)
○
Optional (to be specified with an order)
PO
TI
RO
BO
AO
DI
PI
AI
WO
Default / Optional
○/○/○/○/○/○/○/○/○
○/○/○/○/○/○/○/○/○
○/○
○
●/●/●
Pulse output module
Tariff input module
Relay output module
Bistable relay output module
Analogue output module
Digital input module
Pulse input module
Analogue input module – U, I or R (PT100/1000)
Status (watchdog) module – for supervision of proper operation
18
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
General software Features
Default / Optional
EN 50160 power quality evaluation
●
Automatic PQ report generation
●
Disturbance, trend & PQ event recording
●
Waveform recorder with programmable sampling time
(max 625 samples / period)
●
Standardized PQDIF and COMTRADE format support
●
MiQEN user friendly setting & analysis software
●
Setup wizard
●
Wrong connection warning
●
Custom screen settings (3 user defined screens on LCD)
●
Demonstration screen cycling
●
Programmable refresh time
●
MODBUS and DNP3 communication protocols
●
Tariff clock
●
MD calculation (TF, FW, SW)
●
Wide frequency measurement range 16 – 400 Hz
●
Programmable alarms (32 alarms)
●
Alarms recording
●
Measurements recording (128 quantities)
●
Measurements graphs (time / FFT)
●
Evaluation of voltage quality in compliance with EN
50160
●
Real time clock synchronization (GPS/IRIG-B/NTP)
●
5.7 inch color TFT display (iMC784)
○
EN61850 Server
○
●
− Function is supported (default)
○
− Optional (to be specified with an order)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
19
CONNECTION
CONNECTION
This chapter deals with the instructions for measuring instrument connection. Both the use and connection of
the device includes handling with dangerous currents and voltages. Connection shall therefore be performed
ONLY a by a qualified person using an appropriate equipment. Iskra d.d. does not take any responsibility
regarding the use and connection. If any doubt occurs regarding connection and use in the system which device
is intended for, please contact a person who is responsible for such installations.
A person qualified for installation and connection of a device should be familiar with all necessary precaution
measures described in this document prior to its connection.
Before use:
Before use please check the following:

Nominal voltage (UP-Pmax = 1000VACrms; UP-Nmax = 600VACrms),

Supply voltage (rated value),

Nominal frequency,

Voltage ratio and phase sequence,

Current transformer ratio and terminals integrity,

Protection fuse for voltage inputs (recommended maximal external fuse size is 6 A)

External switch or circuit-breaker must be included in the installation for disconnection of the devices’ aux. power
supply. It must be suitably located and properly marked for reliable disconnection of the device when needed.
See CAUTION below.

Integrity of earth terminal

Proper connection and voltage level of I/O modules
WARNING!
Wrong or incomplete connection of voltage or other terminals can cause non-operation or damage to the device.
WARNING!
It is imperative that terminal 12 which represents fourth voltage measurement channel is connected to earth pole ONLY.
This terminal should be connected to EARTH potential at all times! This input channel is used only for measuring voltage
between neutral end earth line.
CAUTION
Aux. Supply inrush current can be as high as 20A for short period of time (<1 ms). Please choose an appropriate MCB for
disconnection of aux. supply.
PLEASE NOTE
After connection, settings have to be performed via a keyboard on the front side of the device that reflect connection of
device to voltage network (connection mode, current and voltage transformers ratio …). Settings can also be done via
communication or a memory card (where available).
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
21
CONNECTION
Mounting
MC784 Advanced Power Quality Analyzer is intended only for panel mounting. Pluggable connection terminals
allow easier installation and quick replacement should that be required.
This device is not intended for usage as portable equipment and should be used only as a fixed panel mounted
device.
Dimensional drawing and rear connection terminals position
Recommended panel cut out is:
138 x 138 mm + 0.8
Please remove protection foil from the screen.
22
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
CONNECTION
Electrical connection for iMC784/MC784 Power Quality
Analyzer
Voltage inputs of a device can be connected directly to low-voltage network or via a voltage measuring
transformer to a high-voltage network.
Current inputs of a device are led through a hole in current transformers to allow uninterrupted current
connection. Connection to network is performed via a corresponding current transformer.
Choose corresponding connection from the figures below and connect corresponding voltages and currents.
Information on electrical consumption of current and voltage inputs is given in a chapter
CAUTION
For accurate operation and to avoid measuring signal crosstalk it is important to avoid driving voltage measuring wires close
to current measuring transformers.
System/ connection
Terminal assignment
Connection 1b (1W)
Single-phase connection
Connection 3b (1W3)
Three-phase – three-wire connection
with balanced load
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
23
CONNECTION
Connection 3u (2W3)
Three-phase – three-wire connection
with unbalanced load
Connection 4b (1W4)
Three-phase – four-wire connection
with balanced load
Connection 4u (3W4)
Three-phase – four-wire connection
with unbalanced load
PLEASE NOTE
With all connection schemes must be terminal 12 (PE) ALWAYS connected. Fourth voltage channel is dedicated for
measuring voltage between EARTH (PE, terminal 12) and NEUTRAL (N, terminal 11).
24
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
CONNECTION
Connection of input/output modules
WARNING!
Check the module features that are specified on the label, before connecting module contacts. Wrong connection can cause
damage or destruction of module and/or device.
PLEASE NOTE
Examples of connections are given for device with built in two input/output modules and Ethernet/USB communication.
Connection does not depend on a number of built-in modules and communication, and is shown on the devices’ label.
Connect module contacts as specified on the label. Examples of labels are given below and describe modules
built in the device. Information on electrical properties of modules is given in a chapter Technical Data –
Input/output modules.
I/O module 1 and 2 (terminal numbers 15-20) – output options
Alarm (relay) output module with two outputs.
Bistable alarm output module; keeps the state
also in case of device power supply failure.
Pulse output (solid state) module with two pulse
outputs for energy counters.
Status (watchdog) output module enables proper
device operation supervision on one output (WD)
and alarm output functionality on the other.
Analogue output module with two analogue
outputs (0…20mA), proportional to measured
quantities.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
25
CONNECTION
I/O module 1 and 2 (terminal numbers 15-20) – input options
Tariff input module with two tariff inputs for
changeover between up to four tariffs.
Digital input module with two digital inputs
enables reception of impulse signals.
Pulse input module enables reception of pulses
from various counters (water, gas, heat, flow
Analogue input module enables measurements of
DC U, I, R or temp. (PT100, PT1000) values from
external sources. Modules have different
hardware, so programming is possible within one
quantity.
WARNING
In case when only one resistance-temperature analogue input is used, the other must be short-circuited.
Auxiliary I/O module A and B – output options
Digital output relay module with
eight digital outputs enables
alarm functionality.
Auxiliary I/O module A and B – input options
Digital input module with eight
digital inputs enables reception
of digital signals.
26
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
CONNECTION
Synchronization module C
Synchronization module is equipped with support for two different
synchronization methods IRIG-B and GPS modem.
When modulated IRIG-B signal is used it should be connected to BNC
terminal. When level-shift IRIG-B signal is used it should be connected
to 1PPS terminal.
In case of GPS modem, 1pps signal should be connected to 1PPS
terminal and serial RS232 signal should be connected to RS232
terminals.
When IRIG-B (modulated or level-shift) or 1PPS signal is used for time
synchronization serial communication interface (RS232 or RS485) can
be used as a devices’ secondary communication port (COM2).
PLEASE NOTE
Communication port on Module C is primarily dedicated to receive serial coded date and time telegram from a GPS receiver
in order to synchronize internal real time clock (RTC). When other methods are used for synchronizing RTC this
communication port can be used as a secondary general purpose communication port.
Please note that either RS232 or RS485 should be used and not both at a time. Connector terminals that are not used
should remain unconnected otherwise the communication could not work properly.
CAUTION
RTC synchronization is essential part of Class A instrument. If no proper RTC synchronization is provided device operates as
Class S instrument.
CAUTION
Max consumption of +5V supply terminal is 100mA. When GPS with consumption greater the 100mA is used it is advisable
to use external power supply.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
27
CONNECTION
Communication connection
Primary communication interface (COM1) type is normally specified when placing an order. Device supports
Ethernet communication designed as standard RJ-45 terminal and USB communication designed as standard
USB-B type terminal
Beside primary communication port the device has built in a secondary communication port (COM2) as a part
of a real time synchronization module C. Its operation is described in a chapter referring to a real time
synchronization Serial communication via Synchronization module C (COM2).
Connect a communication line by means of a corresponding terminal. Communication parameters are stated
on the device label, regarding the selected/equipped type of communication. Connector terminals are marked
on the label on a devices’ rear side. More detailed information on communication is given in chapter Settings –
Communications.
Example of a label for Ethernet/USB
communication module equipped
with RJ−45 and USB-B type
connector
Survey of communication connection
Connector
Terminals
Description
Ethernet
RJ−45
100BASE-T CAT5 cable recommended
USB
USB-B
Standard USB 2.0 compatible cable recommended (Type B plug)
Connection of Real Time Synchronization module C
Synchronized real-time clock (RTC) is an essential part of any Class A analyzer for proper chronological
determination of various events. To distinct cause from consequence, to follow a certain event from its origin
to manifestation in other parameters it is very important that each and every event and recorded
measurement on one instrument can be compared with events and measurements on other devices. Even if
instruments are dislocated, which is normally the case in electro distribution network events have to be timecomparable with accuracy better than a single period.
Synchronization module is used to synchronize RTC of the device and to maintain its accuracy for correct
aggregation intervals and time stamps of recorded events appearing in monitored electro distribution network.
Different types of RTC synchronization are possible:

IRIG-B modulated; 1 kHz modulation with <1ms resolution.

IRIG-B unmodulated (level shift)

1PPS + RS232 Date & Time telegram (from GPS)
PLEASE NOTE
For safety purposes it is important that all three wires (Line, Neutral and Protective Earth) are firmly connected. They
should be connected only to the designated terminals as shown on the label above as well as on the front foil.
GPS time synchronization:
1pps and serial RS232 communication with NMEA 0183 sentence support. GPS interface is designed as 5 pole
pluggable terminal (+5V for receiver supply, 1pps input and standard RS232 communication interface).
Proposed GPS receiver is GARMIN GPS18x+
28
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
CONNECTION
IRIG time code B (IRIG-B):
Unmodulated (DC 5V level shift) and modulated (1 kHz) serial coded format with support for 1pps, day of year,
current year and straight seconds of day as described in standard IRIG-200-04. Supported serial time code
formats are IRIG-B007 and IRIG-B127
Interface for modulated IRIG-B is designed as BNC-F terminal with 600 Ohm input impedance. Interface for
unmodulated IRIG-B is designed as pluggable terminal.
Network time protocol (NTP):
Synchronization via Ethernet requires access to a NTP server.
PLEASE NOTE
NTP can usually maintain time to within tens of milliseconds over the public Internet, but the accuracy depends on
infrastructure properties - asymmetry in outgoing and incoming communication delay affects systematic bias. It is
recommended that dedicated network rather than public network is used for synchronization purposes.
CAUTION
RTC synchronization is essential part of Class A instrument. If no proper RTC synchronization is provided device operates as
Class S instrument.
Survey of synchronization connection
Terminals
Connector
BNC connector
Screw terminal
Position
Connector type
BNC for modulated IRIG-B
and
Pluggable screw terminals for level-shift IRIG-B, GPS modem or
serial RS232 or RS485
Data direction
Description
600 Ohm input impedance: standard Coaxial cable (55 Ohm) recommended
53
1PPS (GPS) or
IRIG-B (level shift)
Synchronization pulse
54
To/From (A)
RS485
55
To/From (B)
RS485
56
To
Data reception (Rx)
57
GND
Grounding
58
From
Data transmission (Tx)
59
+5V
AUX voltage +5V
(supply for GPS modem)
When IRIG-B or 1PPS signal is used for time synchronization serial communication interface (RS232 or RS485)
can be used as a devices’ secondary communication port (COM2).
More information regarding use of Synchronization module C please see chapter Inputs and Outputs – RTC
Synchronization module C.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
29
CONNECTION
Connection of aux. Power supply
Device can be equipped with either of two types of universal (AC/DC) switching power supply.
Type High:
80...300 V DC
80...276 V AC;
40...65 Hz
Type Low:
19...70 V DC
48...77 V AC;
40...65 Hz
Power supply voltage depends on ordered voltage. Information on electric consumption is given in chapter
Technical Data – Universal Power Supply. Regarding power supply voltage specification on the label, choose
and connect the power supply voltage:
Connection of universal power supply type High to
terminals 13 and 14.
Connection of universal power supply type Low to
terminals 13 and 14.
WARNING!
Auxiliary power supply can be LOW range (19-70VDC, 48-77VAC). Connecting device with LOW power supply to higher
voltage will cause device malfunction. Check devices’ specification before turn it on!
CAUTION
Aux. supply inrush current can be as high as 20A for short period of time (<1 ms). Please choose an appropriate MCB for
connection of aux. supply.
30
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
FIRST STEPS
FIRST STEPS
Programming device is very transparent and user friendly. Numerous settings are organized in groups
according to their functionality.
Programming device can be performed using the keypad and display on the front panel. Due to representation
of certain settings not all settings can be programmed this way. All settings can be programmed using MiQen
software.
In this chapter you will find basic programming steps which can be accessed by using keypad and display.
Installation wizard
MC784
After installation and electrical connection, basic parameters have to be set in order to assure correct
operation. The easiest way to achieve that is use the Installation wizard. When entering the Installation menu,
settings follow one another when the previous one is confirmed. All required parameters shall be entered and
confirmed. Exit from the menu is possible when all required settings are confirmed or with interruption (key
several times) without changes.
Installation wizard menu may vary, depending on built in communication modules. In description below is
marked which menu appears for specific option.
PLEASE NOTE!
All settings that are performed through the Installation wizard can be subsequently changed by means of the Settings menu
or via MiQen software.
When entering installation wizard following display is shown:
Installation
Welcome to the
Installation Wizard.
Press OK to continue.
< Main menu
Language
Set device language.
Date
Set device date.
Time
Set device time. If instrument is connected to one of supported time synchronization sources, date and time
are automatically set.
Connection mode
Choose connection from a list of supported connection modes.
Primary voltage
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
31
FIRST STEPS
Set primary voltage of monitored system if a device is connected indirectly by means of a voltage transformer.
If device is connected to directly to a low voltage enter this value.
Secondary voltage
Set secondary voltage if a voltage transformer is used; set voltage of low voltage network if connection is
direct.
Primary current
Set primary current of monitored system if a device is connected indirectly by means of a current transformer.
Otherwise primary and secondary current should remain the same.
Secondary current
Set secondary current of current transformer or the value of nominal current if connection is direct.
Common energy counter resolution
Define Common energy counter resolution as recommended in table below, where Individual counter
resolution is at default value 10. Values of primary voltage and current determine proper Common energy
counter resolution. For detailed information about setting energy parameters see chapter
Suggested Common energy counter resolutions:
Current
Voltage
1A
5A
50 A
100 A
1000 A
110 V
100 mWh
1 Wh
10 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
230 V
1 Wh
1 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
1000 V
1 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
10 kWh
10 kWh
10 kWh *
30 kV
100 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
* − Individual counter resolution should be at least 100
Device address
Set MODBUS address for the device. Default address is 33.
IP Address
Set correct IP address of the device. Default setting is 0.0.0.0 and represents DHCP addressing. This setting is
available only when Ethernet communication is built in.
TCP Port
Set TCP communication Port. Default value is 10001. This setting is available only when Ethernet
communication is built in.
Subnet mask
Set network subnet mask. Default value is 255.255.255.0. This setting is available only when Ethernet
communication is built in.
iMC784
After installation and electrical connection, basic parameters have to be set in order to assure correct
operation. The easiest way to achieve that is use the Installation wizard. When entering the Installation menu,
settings follow one another when the previous one is confirmed. All required parameters shall be entered and
confirmed. Exit from the menu is possible when all required settings are confirmed or with back key without
changes.
Installation wizard menu may vary, depending on built in communication modules. In description below is
marked which menu appears for specific option.
PLEASE NOTE!
All settings that are performed through the Installation wizard can be subsequently changed by means of the Settings menu
or via MiQen software.
32
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
FIRST STEPS
When entering installation wizard following display is shown:
Language
Set device language.
Date
Set device date.
Time
Set device time. If instrument is connected to one of supported time synchronization sources, date and time
are automatically set.
Connection mode
Choose connection from a list of supported connection modes.
Primary voltage
Set primary voltage of monitored system if a device is connected indirectly by means of a voltage transformer.
If device is connected to directly to a low voltage enter this value.
Secondary voltage
Set secondary voltage if a voltage transformer is used; set voltage of low voltage network if connection is
direct.
Primary current
Set primary current of monitored system if a device is connected indirectly by means of a current transformer.
Otherwise primary and secondary current should remain the same.
Secondary current
Set secondary current of current transformer or the value of nominal current if connection is direct.
Common energy counter resolution
Define Common energy counter resolution as recommended in table below, where Individual counter
resolution is at default value 10. Values of primary voltage and current determine proper Common energy
counter resolution. For detailed information about setting energy parameters see chapter
Suggested Common energy counter resolutions:
Current
Voltage
1A
5A
50 A
100 A
1000 A
110 V
100 mWh
1 Wh
10 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
230 V
1 Wh
1 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
1000 V
1 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
10 kWh
30 kV
100 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
* − Individual counter resolution should be at least 100
10 kWh
10 kWh *
Device address
Set MODBUS address for the device. Default address is 33.
IP Address
Set correct IP address of the device. Default setting is 0.0.0.0 and represents DHCP addressing. This setting is
available only when Ethernet communication is built in.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
33
FIRST STEPS
TCP Port
Set TCP communication Port. Default value is 10001. This setting is available only when Ethernet
communication is built in.
Subnet mask
Set network subnet mask. Default value is 255.255.255.0. This setting is available only when Ethernet
communication is built in.
Notification icons
Navigation keys and LCD enable application and basic instrument settings. During the operation some icons can
be displayed in upper part of LCD. The significance of icons (from right to left) is explained in the table below.
Icon
Meaning
Device is locked with a password of the second level (L2).
The first level (L1) can be unlocked.
Device can be wrongly connected at 4u connection.
Energy flow direction is different by phases.
A built-in battery (for RTC) shall be replaced.
A battery test is carried out at power supply connection
(for devices with built in battery)
The device supply is too low.
Clock
not
set
(for devices with built in super cap)
(when disconnected from aux. supply for more then 2 days)
PLEASE NOTE!
Notification icons only apply to MC784.
34
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
FIRST STEPS
LCD Navigation
MC784
iMC784
Main menu > Settings > General:






TYPE
SERIAL NUMBER
SOFTWARE VERSION
HARDWARE VERSION
ACCURACY CLASS
CALIBRATION VOLTAGE (V)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
35
SETTINGS
SETTINGS
Settings of the device can be performed via the front keypad and display (when device is equipped with one) or
remotely using communication and MiQen software version 2.1 or higher.
Via navigation keypad basic and simpler settings are available. Complete setting of the device can be done
using MiQen software. In this case they can be applied to the device via communication or by the use of
memory card, depends on device type and equipment.
MiQen software
MiQen software is a tool for a complete programming and monitoring of Iskra measuring instruments. Remote
operation is possible by means of serial (RS485/RS232), USB or TCP/IP communication (depending on device
equipment). A user-friendly interface consists of six segments: devices management, device settings, real-time
measurements, historical data analysis, user defined list of devices and software upgrading. These segments
are easily accessed by means of six icons on the left side (see picture below).
Latest version of MiQen software can be downloaded from Iskra d.d. website www.iskra.eu.
PLEASE NOTE
MiQen has very intuitive help system. All functions and settings are described in Info window on the bottom of MiQen
window. In MiQen Help file, detailed instructions about software usage, connection and communication with different type
of devices, driver installation,… are described.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
37
SETTINGS
Devices management
MiQen Device Management window
With MiQen it is very easy to manage devices. If dealing with the same device that has been accessed before, it
can be easily selected from a favourites’ line.
This way is Communication port set automatically as it was during last access.
To communicate with new device follow below instructions:
Connect a device to a communication interface (Depending on type of device):




Directly to a PC using RS232 cable
To comm. adapter RS485 / RS232
Directly to a PC using USB cable
Network connection using Ethernet cable
Set Communication port parameters
Under Communication port current communication parameters are displayed. To change those parameters
click on
communication interfaces.
button. A Communication port window opens with settings for different
To activate desired communication select proper communication tab, set communication parameters and
confirm selection with OK button.
38
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
PLEASE NOTE
When device with USB communication is connected to a computer for the first time, device driver will be
installed automatically. If installation is correct device presents its self in an operating system (Device manager
- Ports (COM and LPT)) as a Measuring device. If device is not recognized automatically or wrong driver is
installed, valid installation drivers are located in MiQen installation directory, subdirectory Drivers.
With this driver installed, USB is redirected to a serial port, which should be selected when using MiQen software.
For more information regarding communication parameters, please see chapter Communications.
Set device Modbus address number
Each device connected to a network has its unique Modbus address number. In order communicate with that
device an appropriate address number should be set.
Factory default Modbus address for all devices is 33. If devices are connected in to communication network, all
should have the same communication parameters, but each of them should have its own unique address.
Start communicating with a device
Click on
button and devices information will be displayed:
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
39
SETTINGS
When devices are connected to a network and a certain device is required it is possible to browse a network for
devices. For this purpose choose:
Scan the network when device is connected to a RS485/RS232 bus
Browse Ethernet devices when device is connected to the Ethernet
Device settings
Programming devices can be performed ONLINE when device is connected to aux. power supply and is
communicating with MiQen. When device is not connected it is possible to adjust settings OFFLINE.
Online programming
After communication with a device is established, choose icon Settings from a list of MiQen functions on a left
side.
MiQen Device Setting window:
Choose Read settings
requirement.
button to display all devices settings and begin adjusting them according to project
PLEASE NOTE
When finished programming, changes should be confirmed by pressing Download settings
or with a mouse right click menu.
button in MiQen menu bar
PLEASE NOTE
When finished programming, all settings can be saved in a setting file (*.msf file). This way it is possible to archive settings
in combination with a date. It is also possible to use saved settings for offline programming or to program other devices
with same settings. For more information see OFFLINE programming.
40
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Offline programming
When device is not physically present or is unable to communicate, it is still possible to perform OFFLINE
programming. From MiQen Device Setting window choose Open setting file button.
From a list of *.msf files choose either previously stored file (a setting file, which has been used for another
device and stored) or a file MXxxx.msf, which holds default settings for this device.
When confirmed all device settings are displayed similar as with ONLINE programming.
CAUTION
MXxxx.msf file or any other original device setting file should not be modified as it contains device default settings. Please
save setting file under another name before adjusting it with your own project requirements.
When finished programming, all settings can be saved in a setting file with a meaningful name (e.g.
MXxxx_location_date.msf). If file will be used for setting the device via Memory card (only for devices with
Memory card support), special name format needs to be used.
Settings are stored in the directory setting using two recording modes:


With a type designation and a sequence number from 1 to 9
With an device serial number
Real time measurements
Measurements can be seen ONLINE when device is connected to aux. power supply and is communicating with
MiQen. When device is not connected it is possible to see OFFLINE measurements simulation. The latter is
useful for presentations and visualization of measurements without presence of actual device.
In ONLINE mode all supported measurements and alarms can be seen in real time in a Table view. For some
devices also presentation in graphical form is supported.
Online measurements in Table view
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
41
SETTINGS
Online measurements in graphical form – phasor diagram and daily total active power consumption histogram
Different measuring data can be accessed by means of tabs (Measurements, Min/Max…) in the lower part of
MiQen window.
For further processing of real time measuring results, it is possible to set a recorder (
button) on
active device that will record and save selected measurements to MS Excel .csv file format. Data can then be
analyzed and processed in any program that supports files in CSV format.
Window for setting local database recording parameters
42
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Data analysis
MiQen enables also analysis of the historical data stored in device internal memory (for devices with built in
memory only). In order to perform analysis data source has to be defined first. Data source can be one of the
selected:
Read memory
This option should be selected to download and analyze the data from currently active device. Data is read
directly from a devices internal memory.
Open data file
This option should be selected to analyze the data already stored on the computer. Data is read from a local
database.
My Devices
In My Devices user can store connections to devices that are used more often. Each device can be assigned to
user defined group and equipped with user defined description and location for easier recognition. By selecting
device from the list, access to device settings and downloaded and recorded files is much easier.
Upgrade
In Upgrades section latest software, both for MiQen and Iskra measuring devices can be found. The latest
version should always be used to assure full functionality. Manual or automatic checking for upgrades is
available. Internet connection is required.
List of available updates is divided in to various sections for easier navigation. Each section is named by
software or family of devices (MiQen software, Measuring centres’, Measuring transducers...). History file with
data about corrections and added functionality is also available.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
43
SETTINGS
Software upgrading
After downloading all necessary firmware upgrade files you can perform upgrade using MiQen software. Device
first needs to be added to My devices. To do this the device you want to upgrade should first be selected from
the list of available devices or by directly entering its’ communication settings:

Connect to your device via Ethernet communication:

Add your device to My Devices:
Username: ftp
Password: ftp
44
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS

My Devices tab will open (select your device by double-clicking on it):

Browse to already downloaded upgrade file; Firmware/Linux OS/TFT - iMC784 only:
Click Open.

Following window will pop up:
Click Ok to start upgrade procedure.
Upgrade file will get transferred to ftp. Upgrade procedure will initiate at first open window.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
45
SETTINGS
Check version:
MC784: LCD screen navigation - Main menu > Info > down arrow
:
iMC784: TFT screen navigation - Main menu > Info:
PLEASE NOTE
FW upgrade – start of upgrade procedure will show up on device screen, after transferring upgrade file to ftp. It takes
around 5min to finish upgrade procedure. Do not disconnect device during upgrade. Communication to device is lost during
upgrade.
OS upgrade – upgrade procedure will run in background, after transferring upgrade file to ftp. It takes around 5min to finish
upgrade procedure. Do not disconnect device during upgrade. Communication to device is lost during upgrade.
TFT upgrade (iMC784 only) – upgrade procedure start is indicated on device screen, after transferring upgrade file to ftp. It
takes around 5min to finish upgrade procedure. Do not disconnect device during upgrade. Communication to device is lost
during upgrade.
Setting procedure
Before configuring device with MiQen software, current settings should be read first. Reading is available either
via communication or from a file (stored on a local disk). A setting structure that is similar to a file structure in
an explorer is displayed in the left part of the MiQen setting window. Available settings of that segment are
displayed in the right part by clicking any of the stated parameters.
PLEASE NOTE
Some settings may not be available due to unsupported measurements and/or functions that depend on the device type.
46
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
General Settings
General settings are essential for measuring instruments. They are divided into four additional sublevels
(Connection, Communication, Display and Security).
Description & Location
Description is intended for easier recognition of a certain unit in a network.
It is especially used for identification of the device on which measurements are performed.
Average interval
The averaging interval defines a refresh rate of measurements on display, communication. It is used also as
averaging interval for minimum and maximum values stored in recorder and actual alarm value calculation for
alarm triggering.
Interval can be set from 8 periods to 256 periods. Default value is 64 periods.


Shorter average interval means better resolution in minimum and maximum value in to recorded
period detection and faster alarm response. Also data presented in display will refresh faster.
Longer average interval means lower minimum and maximum value in recorded period detection and
slower alarm response (alarm response can be delayed also with Compare time delay setting – See
chapter Alarms). Also data on display will refresh slower.
Average interval for measurements
The averaging interval defines a refresh rate of measurements on display, communication and analogue
outputs. It also defines response time for alarms set to Normal response (see chapter Alarms).
- Shorter average interval means better resolution in minimum and maximum value in to recorded period
detection and faster alarm response. Also data presented in display will refresh faster.
- Longer average interval means lower minimum and maximum value in recorded period detection and slower
alarm response (alarm response can be delayed also with Compare time delay setting – See chapter Alarms).
Also data on display will refresh slower.
Interval can be set from 0.1 to 5 s. Default value is 1 s.
Average interval for Min/Max values
The averaging interval for Min/Max values defines an interval on which values will be averaged to track Min
and Max values. By choosing shorter interval also very fast changes in the network will be detected. Interval
can be set form 1 to 256 periods.
PLEASE NOTE
This setting applies only for min. and max. values displayed on LCD and accessible on communication. These values are not
used for storing into internal recorder.
Language
Set language for display.
Currency
Choose currency for evaluating energy cost. A currency designation consists of up to four letters taken from the
English alphabet, numbers and symbols stated in table below.
English
Symbols
A B C D
a b c d
! " #
E F G H
e f g h
$ % & '
I
i
(
J
j
)
K
k
*
L M N O P Q R S
l m n o p q r s
+ , - . /
0 to 9
T U V W X
t u v w x
: ; < = >
Temperature unit
Choose a unit for temperature display. Degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit are available.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
47
Y Z
y z
? @
SETTINGS
Date format
Set a date format for time stamped values.
Date and time
Set date and time of the device. Setting is important for correct memory operation, maximal values (MD), etc.
If instrument is connected to one of supported time synchronization sources, date and time are automatically
set.
Real Time Synchronization Source
Synchronized real-time clock (RTC) is an essential part of any Class A analyzer for proper chronological
determination of various events. To distinct cause from consequence, to follow a certain event from its origin
to manifestation in other parameters it is very important that each and every event and recorded
measurement on one device can be compared with events and measurements on other devices. Even if devices
are dislocated, which is normally the case in electro distribution network events have to be time-comparable
with accuracy better than a single period.
For this purpose devices normally support highly accurate internal RTC. Still this is not enough, since
temperature is location dependent and it influences its precision. For that reason it is required to implement
periodical RTC synchronization.
CAUTION
RTC synchronization is essential part of Class A instrument. If no proper RTC synchronization is provided device operates as
Class S instrument.
This setting is used to choose primary synchronization source.



NO synchronization (not advisable, see CAUTION above)
NTP synchronization
MODULE C synchronization
Synchronization status can be checked on display when set to INFO display.
Notification icon N shows
successful NTP synchronization
Notification icon G shows
successful GPS synchronization.
If only 1pps signal is present
(without date and time feed)
notification icon G is present
Notification icon I shows
successful IRIG synchronization
Time zone
Set time zone in which device is mounted. Time zone influences internal time and time stamps. When UTC time
is required, time zone 0 (GMT) should be chosen.
Auto Summer/Winter time
If Yes is chosen, time will be automatically shifted to a winter or a summer time, regarding the time that is
momentarily set.
48
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Maximum demand calculation (MD mode)
The device provides maximum demand values from a variety of average demand values:



Thermal function
Fixed window
Sliding windows (up to 15)
Thermal function
A thermal function assures exponent thermal characteristic based on simulation of bimetal meters.
Maximal values and time of their occurrence are stored in device. A time constant can be set from 1 to 255
minutes and is 6 times thermal time constant (t. c. = 6 × thermal time constant).
Example:
Mode:
Time constant:
Running MD and maximal MD:
Thermal function
8 min
Reset at 0 min
Operation of thermal MD function
Fixed window
A fixed window is a mode that calculates average value over a fixed time period. Time constant can be set from
1 to 255 min.
»Time into period« as displayed in MiQen – help tip actively shows the remaining time until the end of the
period in which current MD and maximal MD from the last reset are calculated.
When displays for Pt(+/−), Qt(L/C), St, I1, I2 and I3 are updated, a new period and measurement of new
average values are started. »TIME INTO PERIOD« then shows 0 of X min where X is Time Constant.
A new period also starts after a longer interruption of power supply (more than 1 s). If time constant is set to
one of the values of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 or 60 minutes, »TIME INTO PERIOD« is set to such value that
one of the following intervals will be terminated at a full hour. In other cases of time constants, »TIME INTO
PERIOD« is set to 0.
Figure above shows display of MD measurement for current I1. Running MD is displayed (0 mA), max. value of
MD since last reset is displayed and its time of occurrence.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
49
SETTINGS
Figure above shows display of MD measurements. Max. value of MD since last reset is displayed and its time of
occurrence.(Only supported by iMC784).
Example:
Mode:
Time constant:
Running MD and maximal MD:
Fixed window
8 min.
Reset at 0 min.
Operation of Fixed window MD function
Sliding windows
A mode of sliding windows enables multiple calculations of average in a period and thus more frequent
refreshing of measuring results. Average value over a complete period is displayed. A running MD is updated
every sub-period for average of previous sub-periods.
A number of sub-periods can be set from 2 to 15.
A time constant can be set from 1 to 255 minutes.
A new period also starts after a longer interruption of power supply (more than 1 s). If time constant is set to
one of the values of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 or 60 minutes, »TIME INTO PERIOD« is set to such value that
one of the following intervals will be terminated at a full hour. In other cases of time constants, »TIME INTO
PERIOD« is set to 0.
50
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Example:
Mode:
Sliding windows
Time constant:
2 min.
No. of sub-periods:
4
Running MD and maximal MD:
Reset at 0 min.
A complete period lasts for 8 minutes and consists of 4 sub-periods that are 2 minutes long. A running MD and
a maximal MD are reset at 0 min. "Time into period" is data for a sub period so that the values for a running
MD and a maximal MD are refreshed every two minutes. After 4 sub-periods (1 complete period) the oldest
sub period is eliminated when a new one is added, so that average (a window) always covers the last 4 subperiods.
Operation of Sliding window MD function
MD Time constant (min)
The instrument provides maximum demand values based on a thermal function. Thermal function time
constant can be selected via keyboard or via communication.
Thermal function
A thermal function assures exponent thermal characteristic based on simulation of bimetal meters.
Maximal values and time of their occurrence are stored in device. A time constant (t. c.) can be set from 1 to
255 minutes and is 6 − time thermal time constant (t. c. = 6 * thermal time constant).
Example:
Mode: Thermal function
Time constant: 8 min.
Current MD and maximal MD: Reset at 0 min.
Measured value
Thermal function
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Time [min.]
Present MD
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MD peak
Input
51
SETTINGS
Maximum demand reset mode
This setting defines a mode of resetting Max demand values. It can be set to:
Manual: User resets max demand value with keypad or setting software.
Automatic:




Daily: every day at 00:00,
Weekly: on Monday at 00:00,
Monthly: the first day in a month at 00:00,
Yearly: the first day in a year 1.1. at 00:00
Min/Max reset mode
This setting defines a mode of resetting stored Min/Max values. It can be set to.
Manual: User resets min/max values with keypad or setting software.
Automatic:




Daily: every day at 00:00,
Weekly: on Monday at 00:00,
Monthly: the first day in a month at 00:00,
Yearly: the first day in a year 1.1. at 00:00
Starting current for PF and PA (mA)
All measuring inputs are influenced by noise of various frequencies. It is more or less constant and its influence
to the accuracy is increased by decreasing measuring signals. It is present also when measuring signals are not
present or are very low. It causes very sporadic measurements.
This setting defines the lowest current that allows regular calculation of Power Factor (PF) and Power Angle
(PA).
The value for starting current should be set according to conditions in a system (level of noise, random current
fluctuation …)
Starting current for all powers (mA)
Noise is limited with a starting current also at measurements and calculations of powers. The value for starting
current should be set according to conditions in a system (level of noise, random current fluctuation …)
Starting voltage for SYNC
Device needs to synchronize its sampling with measuring signals period to accurately determine its frequency.
For that purpose, input signal has to large enough to be distinguished from a noise.
If all phase voltages are smaller than this (noise limit) setting, instrument uses current inputs for
synchronization. If also all phase currents are smaller than Starting current for PF and PA setting,
synchronization is not possible and frequency displayed is 0.
The value for starting voltage should be set according to conditions in a system (level of noise, random voltage
fluctuation …)
Harmonics calculation
Relative harmonic values can be different according to used base unit. According to requirements relative
harmonics can be calculated as:


percentage of RMS signal value (current, voltage) or
percentage of the fundamental (first harmonic).
Reactive power & energy calculation
Harmonic distortion can significantly influence reactive power and energy calculation. In absence of harmonic
distortion both described methods will offer the same result. In reality harmonics are always present.
Therefore it is up to project requirements, which method is applicable.
User can select between two different principles of reactive power and energy calculation:
52
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Standard method:
With this method a reactive power and energy are calculated based on assumption that all power (energy),
which is not active, is reactive.
Q2 = S2 – P2
This means also that all higher harmonics (out of phase with base harmonic) will be measured as reactive
power (energy).
Displacement method:
With this method, reactive power (energy) is calculated by multiplication of voltage samples and by 90°
displaced current samples.
Q = U × I|+90°
With this method, reactive power (energy) represents only true reactive component of apparent power
(energy).
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.5.2015

16:53:36
Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > General > Language / Currency / Temperature unit / MD mode / MD time constant
/ Average interval / Min/Max reset mode
Main menu > Settings > Date & Time > Date / Time / Date format / automatic S/W time
iMC784
Main menu > Settings > General:






LANGUAGE
DATE
TIME
TIME ZONE
DATE FORMAT
AUTO S/W TIME
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
53
SETTINGS
Connection
CAUTION
Settings of connections shall reflect actual state otherwise measurements could not be valid.
Connection mode
When connection is selected, load connection and the supported measurements are defined.
Setting of current and voltage ratios
Before setting current and voltage ratios it is necessary to be familiar with the conditions in which device will
be used. All other measurements and calculations depend on these settings. Up to five decimal places can be
set (up / down). To set decimal point and prefix (up / down) position the cursor (left /right) to last (empty)
place or the decimal point.
Aux CT transformer ratios can be set separately from phase CT ratios since Aux CT could differ from phase CTs.
Range of CT and VT ratios:
Settings range
Max value
Min value
VT primary
1638,3 kV
0,1 V
VT secondary
13383 V
0,1 V
CT, Aux CT primary
1638,3 kA
0,1 A
CT, Aux CT secondary
13383 A
0,1 A
Neutral line Primary/Secondary current (A)
Primary/Secondary current of neutral line current transformer.
Used voltage/current range (V/A)
Setting of the range is connected with all settings of alarms, analogue outputs and a display (calculation) of
energy and measurements recording, where 100% represents 500 V. In case of subsequent change of the
range, alarms settings shall be correspondingly changed, as well.
CAUTION
In case of subsequent change of those ranges shall be alarm and analogue output settings correspondingly
changed as well.
Already recorded values will not be valid after change of used voltage and current range!
Frequency nominal value (Hz)
Nominal frequency range can be selected from a set of predefined values. A valid frequency measurement is
within the range of nominal frequency ±32 Hz.
This setting is used for alarms and recorders only.
Max. demand current for TDD (A)
Select maximum current (CT or fuse rating) at a point of instrument connection for proper TDD calculation. TDD
is unlike THD a measure of harmonics relative to fixed value of max. demand current. Therefore TDD is a
demand independent measure of current harmonics.
Wrong connection warning
If all phase currents (active powers) do not have same sign (some are positive and some negative) and/or if
phase voltages and phase currents are mixed, the warning will be activated if this setting is set to YES. This
warning is seen only on remote display.
54
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Energy flow direction
This setting allows manual change of energy flow direction (IMPORT to EXPORT or vice versa) in readings tab. It
has no influence on readings sent to communication or to memory.
CT connection
If this setting is set to REVERSED it has the same influence as if CT’s would be reversely connected. All power
readings will also change its sign.
This setting is useful to correct wrong CT connections.
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.5.2015

16:53:36
Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > Connection > Connection mode
Main menu > Settings > Connection > VT primary/VT secondary/CT primary/CT secondary/Aux CT
primary/Aux CT secondary
iMC784
Main menu > Settings > Connection:









CONNECTION MODE
PRIMARY VOLTAGE
SECUNDARY VOLTGE
PRIMARY CURRENT
SECUNDARY CURRENTT
NEUTRAL PRIMARY CURRENT
NEUTRAL SECUNDARY CURRENT
USED VOLTAGE RANGE
USED CURRENT RANGE
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
55
SETTINGS
Communication
Push Data Format
With this setting a required data format for sending data to receiver using PUSH communication mode is set.
Currently supported format is XML-smart.
Push Response Time (sec)
With this setting a maximum waiting time for acknowledgement of sent data in PUSH communication mode is
set. If acknowledgement from a client is not sent within this time, scheduled data will be resend in next push
period.
PLEASE NOTE
Setting comes in to consideration only if device is connected to MiSmart system via serial communication.
(Push) Time Synchronization
In case where no other synchronization source is available (GPS, IRIG-B, NTP), RTC can be synchronized by push
data client. This type of synchronization strongly depends on communication infrastructure and it is not as
accurate as required by IEC 61000-4-30. It has the lowest priority and cannot override RTC synchronized by any
of other sources.
Time synchronization
* Which type of communication is used for synchronization of time for PUSH communication mode purpose.
* Setting comes in to consideration only if device is connected to MiSmart system via serial communication.
USB Communication
There is no special setting for USB communication. For more detailed information how to handle device with
USB communication use Help section in MiQen software.
PLEASE NOTE
Device supports only a single communication input (USB or Ethernet) at a time when using primary communication port
COM1. USB communication has priority. If communication using Ethernet is in progress, do not connect to USB since it will
terminate Ethernet connection. When USB cable is unplugged from the device Ethernet communication is again available.
PLEASE NOTE
When device is connected to a PC through USB communication for the first time, it will get recognized by windows
environment and a driver will get automatically installed. With driver installed, USB is redirected to a serial port, which
should be selected when using MiQen software. If experiencing problems with driver installation you can find drivers in
MiQen installation folder – in subfolder Drivers (example: C (root):\Program Files (x86)\MiQen 2.1\Drivers), for manual
install.
Ethernet communication
Ethernet communication is used for connection of device to the Ethernet network for remote operation. Each
device has its own MAC address that at some cases needs to be provided and is printed on the label on the
device.
56
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Device Address
Device Address: Device address is important when user is trying to connect to device via MiQen software.
Usable range of addresses is from 1 to 247. Default address number is 33. (Not important when Ethernet
communication is used.)
IP Address
Communication interface should have a unique IP address in the Ethernet network. Two modes for assigning IP
are possible:
Fixed IP address:
In most installations a fixed IP address is required. A system provider usually defines IP addresses. An IP
address should be within a valid IP range, unique for your network and in the same subnetwork as your PC.
DHCP:
Automatic (dynamic) method of assigning IP addressed (DHCP) is used in most networks. If you are not sure if
DHPC is used in your network, check it at your system provider.
IP Hostname
It is the nickname that is given to a device. Hostnames may be simple names consisting of a single word or
phrase or they may be structured. The setting is used in automatic (DHCP) mode only.
Local port
When using Ethernet communication device has opened two local ports.


Fixed port number 502, which is a standard MODBUS port. Device allows multiple connections to this
port.
User defined port. Any port number is allowed except reserved ports (Table 7). Only a single
connection is allowed to this port. When this port is used all other connections (including connection
to port 502) are disabled. This is a terminal type of connection.
Terminal type of connection is used when due to a performed function other connections are not allowed. This
is the case when firmware update is performed. In other cases it is advised to use port 502.
When port 502 is used a remote application(s) can access device regardless the setting for Local Port in a
device. This setting is applicable only when terminal access is required.
Reserved TCP Port numbers
Important port numbers
1 – 1024, 9999, 30718, 33333
Function
Reserved numbers!
502
Standard MODBUS port – fixed
33333
UDP port used for Device Discovery Service
Multiple connections to a device are possible when port 502 (special MODBUS port) is used
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
57
SETTINGS
Port 502
Is standardized port to communicate with the device via MODBUS/TCP communication protocol and is fixed.
Communication via this port allows multiple connections to the device. Communication over this port does not
block any other traffic.
Port 33333
This UDP port is reserved for Discovery Service, a service run by MiQen software, to discover devices connected
in to local Ethernet communication network.
Other available Ports
Other, allowed TCP ports, are acting as terminal port and when connected to it, it blocks all other connections
until
it
is
released.
Priority, when connected to this port, has PUSH functionality of the device.
When any other allowed port is used only a single connection is possible
Subnet Mask
It is used to determine what subnet an IP address belongs to.
Gateway Address
It is a gateway that connects separate network segments (LAN, WAN or internet).
NTP Server
IP address of a NTP server used for time synchronization of the device.
NTP can usually maintain time to within tens of milliseconds over the public Internet, but the accuracy depends
on infrastructure properties - asymmetry in outgoing and incoming communication delay affects systematic
bias.
PLEASE NOTE
It is recommended that dedicated network rather than public network is used for synchronization purposes.
Factory settings of Ethernet communication are:
IP Address
DHCP (automatically)
TCP Port (Terminal Port)
10001
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Push communication settings
When PUSH communication mode is used, data can be sent (pushed) to two different servers. Within this
setting, all parameters relevant to used servers should be set, as well as data type for sent data, time
synchronization source and server response time.
For more information about PUSH communication mode and XML Data format see Appendix D.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
TCP Link 1 and TCP Link 2 (Push data clients)

IP address
IP address of the server, collecting data from devices.

IP port
IP port of the server, collecting data from devices.

Data Format
With this setting a required data format for sending data to receiver using PUSH communication mode is
set. Currently supported format is XML-smart. For more information about PUSH communication mode
and XML data format see Communication modes and appendix D.

Response Time (sec)
With this setting a maximum waiting time for acknowledgement of sent data in PUSH communication
mode is set. If acknowledgement from a client is not sent within this time, scheduled data will be resend in
next push period.
For devices connected in communication network with slow communication speed, values over 10 seconds
needs to be selected.
If value lower than 10 second is selected, historical data from recorders are pushed immediately one after
another. If value is higher than 10 seconds, automatic time delay length of 10% of set value is integrated
between the sent packets.
MAC Address
Read only information about device MAC address.
Firmware version
Read only information about communication module firmware version. (MC784/iMC784 – Read only
information about Linux OS module firmware version)
Communication modes
Quality Analyzer supports two communication modes to suit all demands about connectivity and flexibility.
Standard POLL communication mode is used for most user interaction purposes in combination with
monitoring and setting software MiQen, SCADA systems and other MODBUS oriented data acquisition
software.
PUSH communication mode is used for sending unsolicited data to predefined links for storing data do various
data bases.
POLL communication mode
This is most commonly used communication mode. It services data-on-demand and is therefore suitable for
direct connection of setting and / or supervising software to a single device or for a network connection of
multiple devices, which requires setting up an appropriate communication infrastructure.
Data is sent from device when it is asked by external software according to MODBUS RTU or MODBUS TCP
protocol.
This type of communication is normally used for a real-time on-demand measurement collection for control
purposes.
To set up PULL communication mode, only basic communication settings are required according to
communication type (serial, USB, ETHERNET).
PUSH communication mode
PUSH communication mode is mainly used for Iskra MiSmart system for remote monitoring, analysis and
reporting.
The most extensive benefits when using MC7x4 achieved when device is used as a part of an energy monitoring
system comprising of strategically positioned meters connected to MiSMART software solution. This three-tier
middleware software represents a perfect tool for utility companies, energy suppliers and other parties present
on both ends of supply-demand chain.
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SETTINGS
MiSMART data collector with “push” communication system allows automatic records of all predefined
measuring parameters. They are stored in
MiSMART database, while leaving a copy of same parameters stored locally in memory of each device as a
backup copy. Database records in XML format can be searched and viewed in tabelaric and graphical form
using
MiSMART client or used by third-party application software.
Database records can involve numerous parameters of three-phase system, power quality parameters, physical
parameters (temp., pressure, wind speed…) as well as alarms and event logs.
MiSMART client window
Explanation
When in this communication mode, device (master) is sending values of predefined quantities in predefined
time intervals to two independent servers (data collectors - slave), who collect data into data base for further
analysis.
This mode of communication is very useful for a periodic monitoring of readings in systems where real-time
data are not required, but on the other side, reliability for collecting data is essential (e.g. for billing purposes,
post processing and issuing trend warnings).
On the other hand, when operating in this mode, the device will send information about alarms immediately as
they occur (real time alarm monitoring).
This type of communication also optimizes communication traffic.
Protocol and data format
Device uses XML format to send the data, which is very common and easy to use also for third party software
solutions. Protocol used for data transmission is TCP/IP.
All sent readings are time-stamped for accurate reconstruction of received data (if communication is lost and
data is sent afterwards). Therefore time synchronization of client and server is essential. For that purpose,
server sends synchronization data packet to the device within every response to received data. If time
difference is higher than +/- 2s, device resets its internal clock. For more information about used XML format
see Appendix D.
CAUTION
Time synchronization with push system has the lowest priority. If any of other time synchronization sources is
available (GPS, NTP, IRIG-B) they have priority to synchronize RTC.
By using time synchronization with push functionality device does not meet requirements for Class A
Measuring device and can be used only as a Class S measuring device.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Data transmission
Every transmission from master side (device) must be acknowledged from client side (server) to verify
successful data transmission. In case client fails to receive acknowledgment after predefined response time
(see Ethernet communication) it will retry to send it in next time interval. This repeating of sending data will
last until master responses to sent data. After that, client will send all available data from the moment it lost
response from the master.
It is possible for PULL and PUSH communication mode to be active at the same time. Both communication
modes can be handled at the same time if PULL communication is made over COM2 or over Ethernet module
through port reserved for communication over MODBUS communication protocol (port 502 see chapter ).
Supported quantities and settings
Sending data in PUSH communication mode is closely related with storing measurements in a recorder. Device
can sent to the selected server(s) a block of measure quantities that are stored in memory. For each memory
division (recorders A to D, alarms recorder and quality reports with details recorder) separate settings can be
made.
Step 1
With MiQen software set proper PUSH Communication settings where time synchronization source, response
time, data format and receiving server’s parameters are defined.
Step 2
Define data (quantities) for recorder / transmission. For each part of the recorder select to which of the
server(s) data will data be sent. This setting can be made for Alarms, Recorder A to D, Quality reports and
details.
More information about PUSH data transfer and MiSmart system for collecting of this data can be found on
ISKRA web page or in documentation about MiSmart system.
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SETTINGS
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.5.2015

16:53:36
Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > Communication
Main menu > Settings > Communication
Main menu > Settings > Communication > (all settings are not supported on keypad)
iMC784
Main menu > Settings > Communication:






DEVICE ADDRESS
IP ADDRESS
LOCAL PORT
SUBNET MASK
GETWAY ADDRESS
MAC ADDRESS
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Display
Contrast/Black light intensity
A combination of setting of the contrast and back light defines visibility and legibility of a display. Display
settings shall be defined in compliance with the conditions in which it will be monitored. Economizing mode
switches off back light according to the set time of inactivity.
Saving mode (min)
Defines the time in minutes, for the instrument to get into energy saving mode (backlight off). Enter value 0 if
you don’t want to use energy saving mode.
Demo cycling period (sec)
For demonstration purposes it is useful for device to automatically switch between different displays of
measurements.
This setting defines time in seconds for each displayed screen of measurements.
Custom screen 1/2/3
For easier and faster survey of measurements that are important for the user, three settings of customized
screens are available. Each customized screen displays three measurements. When setting customized screens
the designations are displayed in shorter form, with up to 4 characters. For survey of all designations see
chapter Selection of available quantities.
Example:
Customized screen 1
Customized screen 2
Customized screen 3
Combined customized screen 4
U1
ITOT
1-3_RMS
U1
UP-P_avg
INM
f
UP-P_avg
UUNBALANCE
IAVG
THD-I1
UUNBALANCE
-
-
-
ITOT
-
-
-
INM
PLEASE NOTE
Customized screens defined here are selected in menu.
Main menu > Measurements > Present values > Custom
Setting can be made only for 3 customized screens. 4th customized screen is showing 5 parameters, three from Customized
screen 1 and first two from Customized screen 2. See example above.
PLEASE NOTE
Custom screens for iMC784 can only be set in MiQen software. Customized screens defined in MiQen are then
selected in menu:
Main menu > Measurements > Custom > CS 1/ CS 2/ CS 3
Setting can be made only for 3 customized screens.
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SETTINGS
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.11.2012

16:53:36
Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > LCD > Contrast / Back light / Back light time off
Main menu > Settings > LCD > Demo cycling period
Main menu > Settings > LCD > Custom screen 1 / 2 / 3 / (4)
iMC784
Main menu > Settings > General:




CONTRAST
BACK LIGHT
SAVING MODE
DEMO CYCLING PERIOD
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Security
Settings parameters are divided into four groups regarding security level: PL0 >password level 0), PL1
>password level 1), PL2 >password level 2) and BP >a backup password).
PLEASE NOTE
A serial number of device is stated on the label and is also accessible with MiQen software.
Password - Level 0 >PL0)
Password is not required.
Available settings:



language
contrast and
LCD back light.
Password - Level 1 >PL1)
Password for first level is required.
Available settings:




RTC settings
Energy meters reset
Max. Demand reset
Active tariff setting
Password - Level 2 >PL2)
Password for second level is required. Available settings:

All settings are available
A Backup Password->BP)
A backup password >BP) is used if passwords at levels 1 >PL1) and 2 >PL2) have been forgotten, and it is
different for each device >depending on a serial number of the device). The BP password is available in the user
support department in ISKRA d.d., and is entered instead of the password PL1 or/and PL2. Do not forget to
state the device serial number when contacting the personnel in ISKRA d.d.
Password locks time >min)
Defines the time in minutes for the instrument to activate password protection. Enter value 0 if you want to
use manual password activation.
Password setting
A password consists of four letters taken from the British alphabet from A to Z. When setting a password, only
the letter being set is visible while others are hidden.
A password of the first >PL1) and the second >PL2) level is entered, and time of automatic activation is set.
Password modification
A password is optionally modified; however, only that password can be modified to which the access is
unlocked at the moment.
Password disabling
A password is disabled by setting the "AAAA" password.
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65
SETTINGS
PLEASE NOTE
A factory set password is "AAAA" at both access levels >L1 and L2). This password does not limit access.
Password and language
Language change is possible without password input. When language is changed from or to Russian, character
transformation has to be taken in to account. Character transformation table >English or Russian alphabet) is
stated below.
English
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Russian
А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И Й К Л М Н O П P С Т У Ф Х
Ц
Ч Ш
Щ
PLEASE NOTE
iMC784 does not support Russian characters.
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.5.2015

16:53:36
Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > Security > Password level 1 / Password level 2 / Password lock time / Lock
instrument / Unlock instrument
iMC784
Main menu > Settings > General:





PASSWORD LEVEL 1
PASSWORD LEVEL 2
LOCK TIME
ACTIVATION
DEACTIVATION
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Energy
WARNING!
Before modification, all energy counters should be read or if energy values are stored in recorders, recorder
should be read with MiQen software to assure data consistency for the past.
After modification of energy parameters, the energy meters (counters) should be reset. All recorded measurements from
this point back might have wrong values so they should not be transferred to any system for data acquisition and analysis.
Data stored before modification should be used for this purpose.
Active Tariff
When active tariff is set, one of the tariffs is defined as active; switching between tariffs is done either with a
tariff clock or a tariff input. For the operation of the tariff clock other parameters of the tariff clock that are
accessible only via communication must be set correctly.
Common Energy Counter Resolution
Common energy exponent defines minimal energy that can be displayed on the energy counter. On the basis of
this and a counter divider, a basic calculation prefix for energy is defined (−3 is 10−3Wh = mWh, 4 is 104Wh = 10
kWh). A common energy exponent also influences in setting a number of impulses for energy of pulse output
or alarm output functioning as an energy meter.
Define common energy exponent as recommended in table below, where counter divider is at default value 10.
Values of primary voltage and current determine proper Common energy exponent.
Current
Voltage
1A
5A
50 A
100 A
1000 A
110 V
100 mWh
1 Wh
10 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
230 V
1 Wh
1 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
1000 V
1 Wh
10 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
10 kWh
10 kWh
10 kWh *
30 kV
100 Wh
100 Wh
1 kWh
* − Individual counter resolution should be at least 100.
Common Energy Cost Exponent
Setting enables resolving the cost display. On the basis of this and a counter divider constant, a basic
calculation prefix for energy cost is defined.
Counter divider
The counter divider additionally defines precision of a certain counter, according to settings of common energy
exponent.
An example for 12.345kWh of consumed active energy:
Common energy exponent
0
2
2
Counter divider
1
1
100
12.3 kWh
0.01 MWh
Example of result, displayed 12.345 kWh
Common Tariff Price Exponent
Exponent and price represent energy price (active, reactive, common) in a tariff. The tariff price exponent is
used for recording the price without decimal places. For example, to set a price for tariff 1 to 0,1567 €/kWh,
the number in Price for energy in tariff 1 field should be 1567 and Common tariff price exponent should be -4
(1567 x 1E-4 = 0,1567)
An example for 12.345kWh of consumed active energy in the first tariff (price 0,1567 €/kWh):
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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SETTINGS
Common Energy Counter Resolution
1 Wh
100 Wh
100 Wh
Individual Energy Counter Resolution
1
1
100
Common Energy Cost Exponent
−3
−2
0
Common Tariff Price Exponent
−4
−4
−4
Price for energy in Tariff 1
1567
1567
1567
Unit
EUR
EUR
EUR
12.345 kWh
1,934 EUR
12.3 kWh
1.93 EUR
0.01 MWh
1 EUR
Example of result, displayed
1 kWh Price in Tariff (1,2,3,4)
The price for 1kWh active energy in selected tariff. The entered value is multiplied with tariff price exponent:
Tariff price = Price * 10 ^ Exponent.
1 kvarh Price in Tariff (1,2,3,4)
The price for 1 kvarh reactive energy in selected tariff. The entered value is multiplied with tariff price
exponent: Tariff price * 10 ^ Exponent.
1 kVAh Price in Tariff (1,2,3,4)
The price for 1 kvarh reactive energy in selected tariff. The entered value is multiplied with tariff price
exponent: Tariff price * 10 ^ Exponent.
LED Energy Counter
Set one of four different Energy counters, which are connected to LED. (There is no LED indication on iMC784)
LED Number of pulses
Number of pulses per energy unit for LED. (There is no LED indication on iMC784)
LED Pulse Length (ms)
Pulse length for LED in milliseconds. (There is no LED indication on iMC784)
Measured Energy
For each of eight (8) counters different measured quantities can be selected. User can select from a range of
predefined options referring to measured total energy or energy on single phase. Or can even select its own
option by selecting appropriate quantity, quadrant, absolute or inverse function.
To energy counter also pulse / digital input can be attached. In this case Energy counter counts pulses from an
outside source (water, gas, energy... meter).
Individual counter Resolution
The individual counter resolution additionally defines precision of a certain counter, according to settings of
common energy counter resolution.
Tariff Selector
Defines tariffs where counter is active.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Tariff Clock
Basic characteristics of a program tariff clock:






4 tariffs (T1 to T4)
Up to 4 time spots in each Day program for tariff switching
Whichever combination of valid days in a week or holidays for each program
Combining of day groups (use of over 4 time spots for certain days in a week)
Separate settings for 4 seasons a year
Up to 20 settable dates for holidays
Day program sets up to 4 time spots (rules) for each day group in a season for tariff switching. A date of real time
clock defines an active period. An individual period is active from the period starting date to the first next date
of the beginning of other periods.
The order of seasons and starting dates is not important, except when two dates are equal. In that case the
season with a higher successive number has priority, while the season with a lower number will never be
active.
If no starting date of a season is active, the active period is 1.
If the present date is before the first starting date of any period, the period is active with the last starting date.
Example of settings:
Season
Season 1:
Season 2:
Season 3:
Season 4:
Date
01.01. - 14.02.
15.02. - 31.05.
01.06. - 29.10.
30.10. - 31.12.
Season start day
15.02
30.10
01.06
Active season
2 (last in the year)
1
4
2
Days in a week and selected dates for holidays define time spots for each daily group in a period for tariff
switching. Dates for holidays have priority over days in a week.
When the real time clock date is equal to one of a date of holidays, tariff is switched to holiday, within a period
of active daily group with a selected holiday.
If there is no date of holidays that is equal to the real time clock date, all daily groups with the selected current
day in a week are active.
Several daily groups can be active simultaneously, which enables more than 4 time spots in one day (combine
of day programs).
If the time spot is not set for a certain day, tariff T1 is chosen.
Time of a real time clock defines an active tariff regarding currently active day program. A selected tariff T1 to T4
of individual time spot is active from the time of the time spot to the first next time of the remaining time
spots.
The order of time spots is not important, except when two times are equal. In that case the time with a higher
successive number has priority (if several time spots are active, times of higher time spots have higher
successive numbers), while the time spot with a lower number will never be active.
If current time is before the first time of any time spot of active spots, the time spot with the last time is
chosen.
If no time spot of active programs is valid, tariff T1 is chosen.
Time selected tariff T1 to T4 or fixed selected tariff (via communication) defines activity of an energy counter.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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SETTINGS
Holidays/Holiday date 1-20
Year days (holidays) with the special cost management rules.
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
SD card
Info
Installation
14.11.2012
16:53:36
Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > Energy > Active tariff
Main menu > Settings > Energy > Common en. exponent
Example of display for selected Active tariff:
Main menu > Info OK
or
70
or
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
iMC784
Energy settings for iMC784 can only be set in MiQen software. Using device TFT display, you can check energy
measurements and which tariff is active by following steps below:
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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SETTINGS
Inputs and outputs
Introduction
I/O functionality is a powerful tool of measuring instrument using various I/O modules device can be used not
only for monitoring main electrical quantities but also for monitoring process quantities (temp., pressure, wind
speed…) and for various control purposes.
I/O Modules options
Device can be equipped with different I/O modules with different functionality. For its technical specifications
see chapter Technical data.
I/O Modules
The following I/O modules are available:
MODULE TYPE SLOT NUMBER I/O /SLOT
AO
1,2
2
AI
1,2
2
AL
1,2
2
PO
1,2
2
PI
1,2
2
TI
1,2
2
BI
1,2
1
WO
1,2
1+1xalarm output
PLEASE NOTE
All modules have double input or output functionality, except Bistable alarm output and Watchdog output module. All
modules with a double input or output are in MiQen presented as two separate modules.
An alarm output and a pulse output can also be selected with the keypad and display. When selecting settings
of energy and quadrants for a certain counter, only present selection is possible, while more demanding
settings are accessible via communication. For other modules, information on a built-in module is available via
LCD.
Analogue output module
Analogue output module is useful for control and measurement visualization purposes. It can be connected to
analogue meters, PLC controllers… It has defined output range 20mA DC. Quantity and shape (up to 6 break
points) of an analogue output can be assigned by MiQen software.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Output parameter
Output parameter can be any measured value that is required for monitoring, recording, visualization or
control. Value is chosen from a drop-down menu.
Output signal
Output signal can be adjusted to meet all required purposes.



Shape of output signal (linear, Quadratic)
Number of break points for zoom function (up to 6)
Start and End output value
For better visualization of set output signal parameters, graphical presentation of transfer function is displayed.
Analogue input module
Three types of analogue inputs are suitable for acquisition of low voltage DC signals from different sensors.
According to application requirements it is possible to order current, voltage or resistance (temperature)
analogue input. They all use the same output terminals.
MiQen software allows setting an appropriate calculation factor, exponent and required unit for representation
of primary measured value (temperature, pressure, flux…)
Signals from Analogue input can also be stored in built-in memory of a device. They can also be included in
alarm function (see chapter Alarms)
DC current range:
Range setting allows bipolar ±20 mA max. input value
DC voltage range:
Range setting allows bipolar ±10 V max. input value
Resistance / temperature range:
Range setting allows 2000Ω or 200Ω max. input value
It is also possible to choose temperature sensor (PT100 or PT1000) with direct translation into temperature (200°C to +850°C). Since only two-wire connection is possible it is recommended that wire resistance is also set,
when long leads are used.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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SETTINGS
Pulse output module
Pulse output is a solid state, opto-coupler open collector switch. Its main purpose is pulse output for selected
energy counter, but can also be used as an alarm or general purpose digital output.
Calculation of recommended pulse parameters
Number of pulses per energy unit should be in certain limits according to expected power. Otherwise the
measurement from pulse output can be incorrect. Settings of current and voltage transformer ratios can help
in estimation of expected power.
Principle described below for pulse setting satisfies EN 62053−31: 2001 standards pulse specifications:
1,5…15 eW -> 100 p/1 eWh
e … exponent (k, M, G)
p … pulses
Examples:
Expected power
Pulse output settings

150 − 1500 kW
1 p / 1kWh

1,5 − 15 MW
100 p / 1MWh

15 − 150 MW
10 p / 1MWh

150 − 1500 MW
1 p / 1MWh

Digital input module
Module has no settings. General purpose is to collect digital signals from various devices, such as intrusion
detection relay, different digital signals in transformer station, industry ... It is available in three different
hardware versions.
It can also be included in alarm function (see chapter Alarms).
Pulse input module
Module has no settings. It is general purpose pulse counter from external meters (water, gas, heat …). Its value
can be assigned to any of four energy counters. See chapter Energy. It can also be used as digital input and
included in alarm function to monitor signals from different sensors (see chapter Alarms).
Pulse input module has only one hardware configuration (5…48 V DC).
Tariff input module
Module has no setting. It operates by setting active tariff at a tariff input (see chapter Tariff clock). The device
can have maximal one module with 2 tariff inputs only. With the combination of 2 tariff inputs maximal 4 tariffs
can be selected.
Active tariff selection table:
Signal presence on tariff input
Active tariff
Input T1
Input T2
Tariff 1
0
0
Tariff 2
1
0
Tariff 3
0
1
Tariff 4
1
1
Bistable alarm output module
A Bistable alarm module is a relay type. The only difference between relay alarm output and bistable relay
alarm output is that it keeps the condition at output in case of device power failure.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Alarm Output
If Digital output is defined as an Alarm output, its activity (trigger) is connected to Alarm groups. Multiple alarm
groups can be attached to it and different signal shapes can be defined. For more information on how to define
alarm groups, see chapter Alarms.
Two parameters should be defined for each alarm output:


The source for assigned alarm (alarm group 1, 2 or both)
Type of output signal, when alarm is detected.
Output signal types
Normal − A relay is closed as long as condition for the alarm is fulfilled.
Normal inverse − A relay is open as long as condition for the alarm is fulfilled. After that relay goes to closed
state
Latched − A relay is closed when condition for the alarm is fulfilled, and remains closed until it is manually
reset.
Latched inverse − A relay is open when condition for the alarm is fulfilled, and remains open until it is manually
reset.
Pulsed − an impulse of the user set length is activated always when condition for the alarm is fulfilled.
Pulsed inversed – Normally relay is activated. An impulse of the user set length deactivates it always when
condition for the alarm is fulfilled.
Always switched on / off (permanent) – A relay is permanently switched on or off irrespective of the condition
for the alarm (general purpose digital output functionality).
Check an example in chapter Alarms for graphical demonstration of alarm functionality.
Status (Watchdog) and Relay output module
Watchdog and relay module is a combination of two functionalities. One output is used for Watchdog
functionality, the other acts as a Relay output module.
The purpose of a Watchdog relay is to detect potential malfunction of device or auxiliary power supply failure.
This module can be set for normal operation (relay in close position) or for test purposes to open position
(manual activation). After test module should be set back to normal operation.
For description of output functionality see chapter Functions of Digital output modules below.
Auxiliary I/O Modules A & B
MC7x4 is equipped with two auxiliary I/O slots. The biggest difference in functionality between main and
auxiliary I/O modules is in response time. Digital inputs and outputs do not have as fast response time as with
main I/O modules.
The following auxiliary I/O modules are available:
Module type
Digital output (DO)
Digital input (DI)
Number of modules per slot
8
8
State of the built in input and/or output module can be monitored also via LEDs on the front panel of the
device.
PLEASE NOTE
Digital output (DO) is only available as module A.
Digital input module
Module has no settings. Their purpose is to collect digital signals from various devices, such as (intrusion
detection relay, different digital signals in transformer station, industry …).
According to input voltage range it is available in three different hardware versions. For technical specifications
see chapter Technical data.
Digital input can also trigger an alarm (see chapter Settings – Alarms).
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State of digital inputs can also be monitored for control purposes with SCADA system by reading appropriate
MODBUS registers.
Relay output module
Relay output module is a relay switch. Its main purpose is to be used as an alarm output.
For the difference to Relay output module of main I/O module 1 or 2, also a single alarm can be used to trigger
each output (when using Relay output module of main I/O module 1 or 2 only a single or a combination of
alarm groups can be used as a trigger for each output).
For additional information regarding alarms, see chapter Settings – Alarms.
PLEASE NOTE
Digital output (DO) is only available as module A.
RTC Synchronization module C
In order use Module C for synchronization purposes it has to be defined as a synchronization source. See
chapter General Settings - Real time synchronization source.
CAUTION
RTC synchronization is essential part of Class A instrument. If no proper RTC synchronization is provided device operates as
Class S instrument.
MC7x4 supports three types of RTC synchronization:



GPS time synchronization (via Synchronization module C)
IRIG-B time synchronization (via Synchronization module C)
NTP time synchronization (via Ethernet module)
Instructions regarding connection of Synchronization module C can be found in chapter Connection Connection of Synchronization module C.
PLEASE NOTE
Serial communication built in Synchronization module C can, under certain conditions, be used as an independent
secondary communication.
GPS time synchronization
For proper GPS synchronization two signals are required.


1pps with TTL voltage level and
NMEA 0183 coded serial RS232 communication sentence
GPS interface is designed as 5 pole pluggable terminal (+5V for receiver supply, 1pps input and standard RS232
communication interface). Proposed GPS receiver is GARMIN GPS18x.
PLEASE NOTE
When connecting GPS to serial RS232 communication interface, please take required communication parameters into
consideration. For proposed GPS receiver default communication speed is 4800 b/s.
IRIG time code B (IRIG-B)
Unmodulated (DC 5V level shift) and modulated (1 kHz) serial coded format with support for 1pps, day of year,
current year and straight seconds of day as described in standard IRIG-200-04.
Supported serial time code formats are IRIG-B007 and IRIG-B127. For technical specifications see chapter
Technical data.
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Serial communication (COM2)
If device uses RTC synchronization over NTP server (via Ethernet module), IRIG-B or only 1PPS without date
synchronization, serial communication port of RTC Synchronization module C is free to be used as a secondary
communication port COM2. Either RS232 or RS485 communication can be used. COM1 and COM2 are
completely independent and can be used for the same purpose and at the same time.
Module settings define parameters, which are important for the operation in RS485 network or connections
with PC via RS232 communication.
Factory settings for serial communication COM2 are:
MODBUS Address: #33 (address range is 1 to 247)
Comm. Speed: 4800 (speed range is 2400 to 115200)
Parity: none
Data bits: 8
Stop bits: 2
PLEASE NOTE
By default, addresses of COM1 and COM2 are the same (#33). In this case, change of COM1 address sets COM2 to the same
address. When COM1 and COM2 addresses are not equal, change of COM1 address has no influence on COM2 address and
change of COM2 address has no influence on COM1 address.
Settings of RTC Synchronization module C
In order to enable synchronization with GPS or IRIG time code a proper Real Time synchronization source
should be defined as described in a chapter General settings/Real Time synchronization source.
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.5.2015
16:53:36

Settings
General
Date & Time
Connection
Communication
LCD
Security
Energy
Inputs/Outputs
 Main menu
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O 1
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O 2
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O 3
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O 4
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O A
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O B
Main menu > Settings > Inputs/Outputs > I/O C
iMC784
Inputs/Outputs for iMC784 can only be set in MiQen software. Using device TFT display, you can check
Inputs/Outputs status by navigating to Modules:
Main menu > Measurements > Modules > IO 1…4 / IO A / IO B / IO C
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Alarms
Alarms are used for alarming exceeded set values of measured quantities and quantities from different input
modules.
Alarms can also trigger different actions according to their settings:

Visual (alarms causes special alarm LED to lit-up). On iMC784 there is no dedicated LED for alarms
(when alarm I present,
icon is displayed in top right corner of TFT display).
When alarm is switched on a red LED on the device front side is blinking – only MC784. See figure
below.
Sound (alarms can cause sound signalization)
When alarm is switched on, an audible alarm is given by the device (a beep). It can be switched off by
pressing any key on the front plate (see figure below).
Alarm output (alarms can switch digital outputs on main and aux. I/O modules)
According to the alarm signal shape the output relay will behave as shown on figure below.





Alarm condition can be set for any measured quantity, also for quantities measured on Analogue inputs or
signals from Digital / Pulse input.
CAUTION
New values of alarms are calculated in percentage. At every modification of connection settings crosscheck if set alarm
values are correct.
Alarms PUSH functionality
When PUSH communication mode is active, all alarms can be sent (pushed) to a predefined location inside local
or wide area network. Settings allow choosing an appropriate destination for alarm data to be sent.
Alarm data is sent to the server immediately as alarm(s) occur. If they cannot be sent immediately due to
communication problems, they are sent at next alarm event or data sending interval (whichever occurs first).
Alarms and time stamps of occurrence are also stored into internal memory.
For more information about PUSH functionality and XML data format see chapter PUSH Communication mode
Push data to link
When PUSH communication mode is used a data receiving server (client) link should be defined. Data can be
sent (according to a type of used communication interface) to COM1, TCP link 1 or TCP link 2. For definition of
PUSH links see PUSH communication settings. Alarms are unlike recorded values sent to chosen link
immediately after occurrence. Therefore settings for pushing period and time delay are not applicable.
Pushing period
Defines a time period for pushing data to clients. Readings, events and PQ reports, which are recorded in
internal memory, can be also periodically (user defined) sent to a client. For more information about Push
system see PUSH Communication mode.
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Pushing time delay
Defines if data should be send immediately after pushing period condition achieved, or a time delay is used for
client discharge.
Alarms group settings
Measuring instrument supports recording and storing of 32 alarms that are divided into 4 groups of 8 alarms.
Each group of alarms has some common settings applicable for all alarms within this group.
Alarm statistics reset
Device evident all triggered alarms and stores it in internal RAM. Statistic is valid since last power supply - On
and could be reset with MiQen - help tip software (See chapter Reset operations).
This setting is only for resetting online alarms statistics displayed in MiQen - help tip software.
Alarms statistics for showing graphical representation of frequency of alarms occurrence.
MD Time constant (min)
Sets a thermal mode maximum demands time constant for the alarm group. When monitoring certain quantity
it is possible to monitor its actual value or its max. demand value. If latter is chosen then a time constant for
calculation of thermal mode max. demand value should be set. This setting is for alarm purposes only and is
independent of max. demand calculation settings for monitoring and recording purposes as described in
chapter Maximum demand calculation.
Compare time delay (sec)
This setting defines delay time (if required) between satisfying the alarm condition and alarm activation. If
alarm condition is shorter then this setting alarm will not be triggered. This setting is used to rule out sporadic
and very short duration triggers.
Hysteresis (%)
This setting defines alarm deactivation hysteresis. When monitored quantity is close to set limit line its slight
variation can trigger numerous alarms. Hysteresis should be set according to estimated variation of monitored
quantity.
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SETTINGS
Response time
This setting defines alarm response on monitored quantity. Normal response: In this case monitored quantity
is averaged according to display averaging settings (0.1 to 5s – see chapter General settings / Average interval)
Fast response: In this case alarms react on non-averaged measurements (1 signal period). This setting
should be used according to required functionality. Fast response is more prone to glitches and transient
effects in a system but reaction time is fast.
Individual alarm settings
For each individual alarm different settings are possible.
Individual Alarms settings
Parameter
This setting defines a quantity that should be monitored. It is also possible to select process quantities from I/O
modules.
Value
For chosen monitoring parameter an actual value or MD value should be set.
Condition
It is a combination of a logical operator “Higher than” or “Lower than” and a limit value of the condition. For
digital / pulse input it is possible to set condition is “Is high” or “Is low”.
Action
This section is consists of checkboxes that applies different functions to individual alarms.
Switch on Relay checkbox can be selected if user wants this alarm to trigger output(s) that are connected to its
group of alarms (pulse, relay or bistable output module). When using relay outputs of I/O module A or B also a
single alarm can be used as a trigger. In this case Switch on Relay setting has no influence.
Switch on sound signal checkbox would activate built in beeper if this alarm is active.
Alarm enabled checkbox, activates alarm setting.
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Advanced recorders
Power Quality Analyzer MC784/iMC784 enables recording of wide variety of data in the internal 8GB flash
memory.
All trigger related recorder data is available on-demand through FTP and automatically on the MiSMART server
via autonomous push communication or on demand.
All parameters can be defined in the Settings menu (directly through LCD screen on MC784) or in MiQen (PC
Software).
Defining parameters in MiQen: Settings – Advance recorder.
Following parameters can be defined:




Data presentation time:
Select time for recorded data time stamps.
Filled memory mode:
Define behavior of recorder when internal memory is full. ''Overwrite all records'' is a standard FIFO
functionality. If it is important not to overwrite any old records ''Stop recording'' should be used.
Event notification - Push data to link:
Defines the communication channel for pushing data to clients. Communication parameters can be
defined under Settings – Communication –Push Data Clients.
Event notification - Pushing period:
Defines a time period for pushing data to clients. Readings, events and PQ reports, which are recorded
in internal memory, can be also periodically (user defined) sent to a client. Parameter is present so
that each record is pushed to client.
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Logical Inputs and Logical Functions
In electronics, a logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function; It performs a
logical operation on one or more logical inputs, and produces a single logical output. Boolean functions may be
practically implemented by using electronic gates. The following points are important to understand:


Electronic gates require a power supply.
Gate INPUTS are driven by voltages having two nominal values, e.g. 0V and 5V representing logic 0 and
logic 1 respectively.
The OUTPUT of a gate provides two nominal values of voltage only, e.g. 0V and 5V representing logic 0
and logic 1 respectively. In general, there is only one output to a logic gate except in some special
cases.
There is always a time delay between an input being applied and the output responding.


Basic logical functions are: AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XNOR. MC774 Advanced Power Quality
Analyzer supports AND/OR logical functions. The effect of AND/OR functions are described in the table below.
For each of the logic functions European symbol (IEC) and the American symbol (for practical reasons) are
drawn. Logical Inputs are labelled with tags A and B. Truth table shows the function of a logic gate.
Name
IEC symbol
American symbol
AND
OR
Description
A HIGH output (1)
results only if both the
inputs to the AND gate
are HIGH (1). If neither
or only one input to the
AND gate is HIGH, a
LOW output results. In
another sense, the
function of AND
effectively finds the
minimum between two
binary digits. Therefore,
the output is always 0
except when all the
inputs are 1.
A HIGH output (1)
results if one or both
the inputs to the gate
are HIGH (1). If neither
input is high, a LOW
output (0) results. In
another sense, the
function of OR
effectively finds the
maximum between two
binary digits.
Truth table
Input
A B
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Output
A AND B
0
0
0
1
Input
A B
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Output
A OR B
0
1
1
1
Following parameters can be defined:

Logical input 1-16:
Select which Digital input (depends on installed I/O modules) is connected to which Logical input. Also
select which state is defined as active level (High or Low). Logical inputs are used for defining digital
and combined triggers.
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
Logical function 1-16:
Select logical function over existing logical inputs and alarms to create conditional triggering functions.
Logical functions can also be nested (result of one logical function can be used as an input for a logical
operation of another) to achieve multiple-conditioned triggers.
Logical inputs – each of logical inputs can be defined with digital input (Input module has to be installed). Active
value can be set on HIGH or LOW:
Defining Logical inputs parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Advance recorders – Logical inputs.
Logical function - Select logical function over existing logical inputs and alarms:
Defining Logical functions parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Advance recorders – Logical functions.
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Triggers
The job of any Power Quality Analyzer is to record all interesting data, and leave unrecorded the vast majority
of boring, unremarkable data. The tricky part for an analyzer is deciding which events are important. A recorder
that captured every 50 Hz waveform during a week's recording would never miss an event, but would present
the user with billions of useless cycles. To avoid such scenario triggers are used. If trigger thresholds are set
correctly, only important data will be recorded.
A sophisticated triggering mechanism is used to register and record events of various natures:





Transient triggers
PQ event triggers
External Ethernet
External digital triggers
Combined triggers
Transient triggers
Transient is an analog signal which can reach high magnitudes in a very short duration of time. Power system
transients can be caused by lightning, switching actions and faults in the power system. Signal can reach high
magnitudes and depending on raise time, peak value, wave shape and frequency of occurrence the impact on
power system components and end user equipment can be severe. The damages can be operational problems,
accelerated ageing and immediate damage to equipment. By setting up a trigger you can start acquiring the
signal once the trigger condition is satisfied.
There are two independent criteria by which transients are recognized:


Absolute Peak value (%) – If a sampled value exceeds the set threshold, a transient is recognized.
Fast change (%Un/ μs) – If the difference between two neighboring sampled points exceeds the set
threshold, a transient is recognized.
After transient has been recognized it can trigger Waveform /Disturbance recorder or/and it can send Ethernet
trigger to other connected devices within network.
Absolute Peak Value (%)
In general transients are divided into two categories which are easy to identify: impulsive and oscillatory. If the
mains signal is removed, the remaining waveform is the pure component of the transient. The transient is
classified in the impulsive category when 77% of the peak-to-peak voltage of the pure component is of one
polarity. Absolute peak value transient detection is used to detect transient of impulsive type.
Threshold is set in percentage of absolute peak value. If a sampled value exceeds the set threshold, a transient
is recognized. To disable Absolute Peak Value detection choose ''Disabled'' in transient trigger menu.
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Defining Absolute peak value transient parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – Transient triggers
Example:
In system with voltage range of 250V RMS and current range of 5A RMS, 100% Absolute peak value for:



phase voltage is 353.55V,
interphase voltage is 612.37V and
current is 7,071A
If threshold is set to 200% of Absolute peak value, transient will be detected when absolute peak value of
phase voltage rises above 707.1V (See picture - Transient value exceeds Absolute peak value threshold).
Same principal applies to current transient triggers.
Transient value exceeds Absolute peak value threshold (%)
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SETTINGS
Fast change (%Un/µs)
Fast change transient detection is used to detect transient of oscillatory type. In order to detect transients of
oscillatory type, two neighboring sampled points are compered. If a value deviation between these two
sampled points exceeds predefined threshold, a transient is recognized.
Threshold is set in percentage of nominal value from 1%/µs to 10%/µs, where 10%/µs represents 320%/32µs
(because of the maximum sampling time of 32 µs). To disable Fast change detection choose ''Disabled'' in
transient trigger menu.
Defining Fast change transient parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – Transient triggers
Example:
Value of 10 is set as threshold for fast change transient detection, which represents 320%/32µs. Transient will
be detected when current sample point value – Un2 is 320% higher/lower than the previous one – Un1
(samples are 32µs apart) – see picture: Transient value exceeds Fast change value threshold.
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Transient value exceeds Fast change value threshold
Same principal applies to current transient triggers.
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SETTINGS
Holdoff time
Predefined Holdoff time starts when transient is detected, during this time no additional transient is detected.
Setting is used to avoid false detection of multiple transients as a consequence of the common source.
Defining Holdoff time (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – Transient triggers
Transient trigger to Holdoff time relationship
On the first period there are two impulsive type transients, but only one trigger was activated since both
transients are within Holdoff time. In this case we have avoided false detection of multiple transients since
both transients are likely consequence of the common source.
On the second period there are again two impulsive type transients, but now, one of them starts just after
Holdoff time ends. In this case two triggers are activated.
PLEASE NOTE
Within one period (20ms for 50Hz) only one transient will be recorded even though Holdoff time is set to 0.
Same principal applies to current transient triggers.
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Trigger action
Trigger action gives you option to choose what happens when transient is detected. There are three options
available (Actions):



Waveform recording (transient detection triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (transient detection triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (transient detection triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
All three options can be triggered at the same time.
Defining Trigger action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – Transient triggers
Same principal applies to current transient triggers.
PQ Event triggers
PQ event generated triggers based on the following events:

Voltage Dip
A decrease of the normal voltage level between 10 and 90% of the nominal RMS voltage for durations of 0,5
cycle to 1 minute.
Voltage dips are usually caused by faults on the transmission or distribution network (most of the times on
parallel feeders), faults in consumer’s installation, connection of heavy loads and start-up of large motors.
Advanced Power Quality Analyzer MC784 with its Voltage dip trigger is capable of detecting and recording
voltage dip events. Later analysis of gathered data can help us determine the cause of event. Knowing the
cause, appropriate measures can be taken to prevent similar faults in the future.
This is important since voltage dip can result in malfunction of information technology equipment, namely
microprocessor-based control systems (PCs, PLCs, ASDs,…) that may lead to a process stoppage, tripping of
contactors and electromechanical relays, disconnection and loss of efficiency in electric rotating machines.
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SETTINGS
Voltage dip
Voltage dip action:



Waveform recording (detection of voltage dip triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (detection of voltage dip triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (detection of voltage dip triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
Defining Voltage dip action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – PQ Event triggers
All three options can be triggered at the same time.

Voltage Swell
Momentary increase of the voltage, outside the normal tolerances (over 110% of the nominal RMS voltage),
with duration of more than one cycle and typically less than a few seconds.
Voltage swells are usually caused by start/stop of heavy loads, badly dimensioned power sources, badly
regulated transformers (mainly during off-peak hours) and a single-phase fault on a three-phase system.
Advanced Power Quality Analyzer MC784 with its Voltage swell trigger is capable of detecting and recording
voltage swell events. Later analysis of gathered data can help us determine the cause of event. Knowing the
cause, appropriate measures can be taken to prevent similar faults in the future.
This is important since voltage swell can result in data loss, flickering of lighting and screens, stoppage or
damage of sensitive equipment (semiconductors), insulation degradation,…
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Voltage swell
Voltage swell action:



Waveform recording (detection of voltage swell triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (detection of voltage swell triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (detection of voltage swell triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
Defining Voltage swell action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – PQ Event triggers
All three options can be triggered at the same time.

Voltage Interruption
There are two types of voltage interruptions:


Short interruptions (reduction in line-voltage to less than 5% of nominal voltage for duration of up
to 3 minutes - 70% of Short interruptions < 1 s; According to EN 50160)
Long interruptions (reduction in line-voltage to less than 5% of nominal voltage for duration
greater than 3 minutes; According to EN 50160)
Both short and long interruptions are detected by MC784. In some cases when predefined recorder posttrigger time is shorter then interruption duration time, only start of interruption will be recorded. In cases like
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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SETTINGS
that End of voltage interruption trigger can be predefined so that end of voltage interruption is detected and
recorded.
Short interruptions are usually caused by opening and automatic re-closure of protection devices to
decommission a faulty section of the network. The main fault causes are insulation failure, lightning and
insulator flashover.
Long interruptions are usually caused by Equipment failure in the power system network, storms and objects
(trees, cars, etc.) striking lines or poles, fire, human error, bad coordination or failure of protection devices.
Advanced Power Quality Analyzer MC784 with its Voltage interruption trigger is capable of detecting and
recording voltage interruption events. Later analysis of gathered data can help us determine the cause of
event. Knowing the cause, appropriate measures can be taken to prevent similar faults in the future.
This is important since voltage interruption can result in Tripping of protection devices, loss of information and
malfunction of data processing equipment, stoppage of sensitive equipment, such as ASDs, PCs, PLCs; Stoppage
of all equipment.
Voltage interruption
Voltage interruption action:



Waveform recording (voltage interruption triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (voltage interruption triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (voltage interruption triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
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Defining Voltage interruption action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – PQ Event triggers
All three options can be chosen simultaneously.

End Of Voltage Interruption
In some cases when predefined recorder post-trigger time is shorter then interruption duration time, only start
of interruption will be recorded. In cases like that End of voltage interruption trigger can be predefined so that
end of voltage interruption is detected and recorded.
End of voltage interruption is detected when voltage rises above 7% of the nominal voltage. 5% is voltage
interruption upper limit + 2% predefined hysteresis. Hysteresis is required to avoid multiple triggers following
the same event.
End of voltage interruption action:



Waveform recording (end of voltage interruption triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (end of voltage interruption triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (end of voltage interruption triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
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SETTINGS
Defining End of voltage interruption action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – PQ Event triggers
All three options can be triggered at the same time.

Rapid Voltage Change
A rapid voltage change is a transition in RMS voltage between two steady-state conditions. Every time a new
half-cycle Urms value is available, the arithmetic mean of the previous 100(50Hz)/120(60Hz) half-cycle Urms
values, including the new value, is calculated. If every one of the previous half-cycle 100/120 Urms values,
including the new value, is within the RVC threshold (including the hysteresis, if applied) of the
arithmetic mean, then no RVC is detected. If one of the values exceeds RVC threshold (including the
hysteresis, if applied) then RVC is detected. If voltage value exceeds dip or swell thresholds is no longer
consider as Rapid voltage change but as dip or swell.
An RVC event is characterized by four parameters: start time, duration, ΔU max and ΔUsteady-state:


ΔUmax is the maximum absolute difference between any of the half-cycle Urms values during the
RVC event and the final arithmetic mean 100/120 half-cycle Urms value just prior to the RVC event.
ΔUss is the absolute difference between the final arithmetic mean 100/120 half-cycle Urms value
just prior to the RVC event and the first arithmetic mean 100/120 half-cycle Urms value after the
RVC event.
Rapid voltage change (source – IEC6100-4-30 standard)
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Rapid voltage change action:



Waveform recording (detection of Rapid voltage change triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (detection of Rapid voltage change triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (detection of Rapid voltage change triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
Defining Rapid voltage change action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – PQ Event triggers
All three options can be triggered at the same time.

Inrush Current
Large current flow that exceeds the steady-state current flow. It flows transiently at the time of starting of
instruments (which have built-in motor), incandescent lamp, larger capacity smoothing condenser.
Advanced Power Quality Analyzer MC784 with its Inrush current trigger is capable of detecting and recording
inrush current events. Later analysis of gathered data can help us determine the cause of event. Knowing the
cause, appropriate measures can be taken to prevent similar faults in the future.
This is important since inrush current can result in bad effect to power switch's welding, fusing, breaker’s trip
and converter circuit etc. and also causes unstable power voltage.
Inrush Current
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SETTINGS
Inrush current action:



Waveform recording (detection of Inrush current triggers Waveform recording)
Disturbance recording (detection of Inrush current triggers Disturbance recording)
Send Ethernet trigger (detection of Inrush current triggers Send Ethernet trigger)
Defining Inrush current action (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – PQ Event triggers
All three options can be triggered at the same time.
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External triggers
Ethernet triggers
Upon event detection trigger can be sent to other devices over Ethernet. These are termed network triggers.
Devices receiving Ethernet trigger will respond accordingly, so that an event or a disturbance at one network
node results in instantaneously measured values at all other network nodes. This enables simultaneous analysis
of the effect of the disturbance on the complete network. Up to 8 different dislocated devices can be
connected one to another and exchange Ethernet triggers.
Defining Ethernet triggers parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – External triggers – Ethernet triggers
Following parameters have to be defined to enable Ethernet triggers:




Trigger IP port:
Select port for Ethernet triggers. Devices with same port are able to exchange Ethernet triggers.
When device in utility network detects anomaly and sends Ethernet trigger, other devices (with
same port) will receive that trigger – up to 8 devices.
Range: 1024 – 65535
Sender ID:
Select identification number of the device. Identification number enables us to distinguish
between devices in order to determine which device has sent which Ethernet trigger.
Range: 1 – 255
Receiver enabled ID:
Select ID number of another into utility network connected device from which Ethernet triggers
shall be accepted. To disable network triggering from another device this setting should be
cleared.
Range: 0 – 255
Default action:
Choose what happens when Ethernet trigger is detected. Both options can be triggered at the
same time.
Options: Waveform recording and Disturbance recording.
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SETTINGS
Digital triggers
External digital triggers are based on logical/digital inputs.
Defining Digital triggers parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – External triggers – Digital triggers
Following parameters have to be defined to enable Digital triggers:

Level trigger re-trigging limit:
If High level is chosen as Trigger activation then Level trigger re-trigging limit defines recording time
for Level trigger. Range: 0 – 600s. Multiple recordings (Waveform/Disturbance recordings) will be
stitched together until desired recording time is reached.
Example:
 Digital trigger 1 settings:

Waveform recorder settings:
Waveform recording time = Pre-trigger time + Post-trigger time = 4s. To achieve 40s recording time for
level trigger, 10 waveform recordings are stitched together.
If any other option is selected as Trigger activation (Low to High, High to Low, Each change, Low Level)
recording time will be the same as predefined recording time of Waveform/disturbance recorder.
Level trigger retriggering limit does not effect this options.
98
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS

Logical input:
Select source for Digital trigger. Choose between logical inputs and logical functions.

Trigger activation:
Select logical level transition direction for trigger activation.

Trigger action:
Choose what happens when Digital trigger is detected. All options can be chosen simultaneously.
Options: Waveform recording, Disturbance recording and Send Ethernet trigger
Total of 4 Digital triggers can be defined.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
99
SETTINGS
Combined triggers
Combined triggers give as an option to perform AND/OR logical operations over previously configured
triggers/events. Total of 16 combined triggers can be defined.
Defining Combined triggers parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Triggers – Combined triggers
Following parameters have to be defined to enable combined trigger:

100
Logical operation:
Create logical operation over existing logical inputs, alarms, PQ events and other events to create
conditional triggering functions. Both Gate input 1 and Gate input 2 must be selected from a drop
down menu. If Gate input 1/Gate input 2 is left empty, nothing will get recorded.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS


Trigger action:
Choose what happens when combined trigger is detected. All options can be chosen simultaneously.
Options: Waveform recording, Disturbance recording and Send Ethernet trigger
Trigger name:
Select combined trigger name for presentation of (complex) conditional trigger. This name will be used
within reports, where trigger condition and time stamp for each event will be recorded and presented.
It should be a short and meaningful summary of combined trigger purpose or meaning.
PLEASE NOTE
If Gate input 1/Gate input 2 is left empty, nothing will get recorded.
Gate input 2 condition must be met in time when Gate input 1 is triggered, for Combined trigger to be
activated.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
101
SETTINGS
Recorders
Following parameters have to be defined to enable data storage to specific recorder:
Activate specific recorder
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Waveform recorder
It is an event recorder. Recorder is triggered only when an event occurs. It is used for monitoring short events
(transients, short power quality events).
Defining Waveform recorder parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Recorders – Waveform recorder
Defining Waveform recorder parameters:


Data format:
Recorded data can be stored in PQDIF/COMTRADE data format. Only one can be selected for specific
recorder.
Note: for more information on PQDIF/COMTRADE data format see chapter Measurements - PQDIF and
COMTRADE files on MC784 – concept description.
Recorder resolution:
Oscillography has the capability for recording waveforms with up to 625 samples per cycle (50Hz).
Select among predefined resolutions.
Note: to record transients’ select highest resolution.
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SETTINGS

Recorder parameters:
Select channels to record.

Pre-trigger/post-trigger time:
In some cases it is necessary to capture signal before and/or after a trigger occurs to analyze the
behavior of the signal. In such cases you can use the pre-trigger or post-trigger feature to specify
duration of the recording after/before trigger.
Range:
Pre-trigger time: 0.01s – 1s
Post-trigger time: 0.01s – 40s (20s for 625 samples/cycle)
Pre-trigger and post-trigger time
Note: In some cases when predefined recorder post-trigger time is shorter then interruption duration time,
only start of interruption will be recorded. In cases like that End of voltage interruption trigger will activate
another recording that will capture end of event.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Disturbance recorder
Disturbance recorder is an event recorder used for monitoring long term disturbances. Every half/full cycle,
RMS value is calculated based on previous cycle.
Defining Disturbance recorder parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Recorders – Disturbance recorder
Defining Disturbance recorder parameters:


Data format:
Recorded data can be stored in PQDIF/COMTRADE data format. Only one can be selected for specific
recorder.
Note: for more information on PQDIF/COMTRADE data format see chapter Measurements - PQDIF and
COMTRADE files on MC784 – concept description.
Recorder resolution:
Every half/full cycle, RMS value is calculated based on previous cycle. Select among predefined
resolutions.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
105
SETTINGS

Recorder parameters:
Select channels to record.

Pre-trigger/post-trigger time:
In some cases it is necessary to capture signal before and/or after a trigger occurs to analyze the
behavior of the signal. In such cases you can use the pre-trigger or post-trigger feature to specify
duration of the recording after/before trigger.
Range:
 Pre-trigger time: 1 – 3000 samples
 Post-trigger time: 1 – 60000 samples
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
PQ recorder
PQ recorder is trend recorder used for monitoring PQ events. PQ records are stored for later analysis and
generated based on a PQ event triggering mechanism. Event parameters are stored at predefined time
intervals.
Defining PQ recorder parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Recorders – PQ recorder
Defining PQ recorder parameters:



Data format:
Recorded data can only be stored in PQDIF data format.
Recorded values
Values can be recorded as average/minimum/maximum RMS values. All three options can be selected.
Storage intervals for parameters below are specified in standard IEC EN 61000-4-30 (see chapter
Power supply quality):
 Frequency storage interval (10 seconds/No recording),
 Voltage storage interval (10 minutes/No recording),
 Voltage Unbalance storage interval (10 minutes/No recording),
 Short term Flicker Pst storage interval (10 minutes/No recording),
 Long term Flicker Plt storage interval (2 hours/No recording),
 THD storage interval (10 minutes/No recording),
 Harmonics 1 to 25 storage interval (10 minutes/No recording) and
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107
SETTINGS

Signal voltage storage interval (3 seconds/No recording).
Specific recorder is activated by choosing predefined storage interval.
Fast Trend recorders
Fast trend recorder is trend recorder used for continuous recording of selected parameters.
Defining Fast trend recorder parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Recorders – Fast trend recorder
Defining Fast trend recorder parameters:


108
Data format:
Recorded data can only be stored in PQDIF data format.
First day of week:
It's required to define on which day of week data files will be generated (when selected file generation
period is weekly).
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Total of 4 recorders can be defined. Each with its own set of specific settings.
Defining Fast trend recorder – Recorder 1 parameters:
Defining Fast trend recorder – Recorder 1 parameters (MiQen): Settings – Advanced recorders – Recorders – Fast trend recorder – Recorder
1


Storage interval:
Select among predefined time intervals.
Example – storage interval of 60s means every 60s RMS value of each selected parameter will be
recorded.
Select No recording to disable recorder.
File generation period:
Select among predefined periods:
 Hourly – data files are generated every hour
 Daily – data files are generated every day at midnight
 Weekly – data files are generated every week on previously selected day at midnight (Settings
– Advanced recorders – Recorders – Fast trend recorders – First day of week)
 Monthly - data files are generated every month on previously selected day at midnight
(Settings – Advanced recorders – Recorders – Fast trend recorders – First day of week)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
109
SETTINGS

Push data to link:
Defines the communication channel for pushing data to clients. Communication parameters can be
defined under Settings – Communication –Push Data Clients.

Pushing period:
Defines a time period for pushing data to clients. Readings which are recorded can be also periodically
(user defined) sent to a client.
110
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS

Measurements:
Define parameters you want to record.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
111
SETTINGS
Example:
 Voltage
Same principal applies to other three recorders.
112
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
Conformity of voltage with EN 50160 standard
The EN 50160 standard deals with voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution systems.
It specifies the limits or values of voltage characteristics in normal operation within public low or middle
voltage system network. Fallowing this definition the measuring instrument is adapted for monitoring voltage
characteristics of a distribution systems according to EN 50160 standard. Together with setting and monitoring
software MiQen voltage characteristics can be monitored and weekly reports about power quality are issued.
Based on requirements stated in the standard, default parameters are set in the device according to which
supervision of all required characteristics is performed. Parameters can also be changed in detailed settings for
individual characteristics.
CAUTION
Factory default settings for PQ characteristics are in compliance with standard EN 50160. By changing
individual parameters conformity of weekly reports with this standard is no longer valid.
Parameters of PQ characteristics are settable only by means of setting software MiQen.
General PQ settings
General PQ settings are basic parameters that influence other settings.
Monitoring mode
Monitoring mode can be set to:


EN50160: Monitoring according to EN 50160 enabled. Weekly reports are issued according to set
parameters
No monitoring: Weekly reports for network compliance with the standard are disabled
Electro energetic system
Requirements for PQ monitoring differ regarding type of a monitored public distribution system. Therefore it is
essential to choose proper type. This setting influences some of the predefined limit lines according to relevant
standard EN 50160.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
113
SETTINGS
Measuring instrument can monitor PQ within following systems:




Low Voltage grid connected system
Medium Voltage grid connected system
Low Voltage islanded system
Medium Voltage islanded system
PLEASE NOTE
Choosing one of listed distribution systems automatically sets PQ characteristics according to requirements in
EN 50160 for that particular system.
Monitoring voltage connection
When using 4u (3 phase 4 wire) connection mode, there is an option to choose between Phase to neutral or
Phase to phase Monitoring voltage. Both are supported.
When using 3u (3 phase 3 wire) connection mode, Phase to phase Monitoring voltage is set automatically.
PLEASE NOTE
When using 3u connection mode or Phase to phase monitoring at 4u connection, Nominal supply voltage has
to be set accordingly to your phase to phase nominal network voltage.
Nominal supply voltage
Set a voltage level of a monitored system. This value is used as a reference for calculation of power quality
indices and is usually equal to nominal network voltage (also marked as Udin in various standards). Factory
default value is EU standard low voltage value 230 V.
Nominal power frequency
Nominal frequency of monitored supply voltage is selected. Factory default value is EU standard frequency
50Hz. It is also possible to choose 60 Hz.
Flicker calculation function
Low voltage level for residential lamps can be either 230V or 110V. Function for detection of flicker differs
regarding this voltage. Since actual low voltage level can be different as secondary voltage of used VT (nominal
measuring voltage) this setting must be set to a voltage level, which is used to supply residential lamps.
Monitoring period (weeks)
Monitoring period predefines period for issuing PQ reports. When Monitoring Mode is set to EN 50160,
monitoring is performed continuously.
This setting defines how often should reports be issued.
Monitoring start day
A starting day in a week for monitoring period is selected. It starts at 00:00 (midnight) in the selected day. The
selected day will be the first day in a report.
After Monitoring period and Monitoring start day are defined, PQ reports will be continuously issued at the end
of each monitoring period. All reports and associated anomalies within monitored period are stored in devices
internal memory and can be analyzed by means of MiQen software.
Flagged events setting
Flagged evens setting specifies actions on data (recorded events) that has been flagged (marked) according to
flagging concept IEC 61000-4-30.
Flagged data are power quality records, which has been influenced by one or more voltage events
(interruptions, dips, swells).
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
The purpose of flagging data is to mark recorded parameters when certain disturbances might influenced
measurements and caused corrupted data. For example, voltage dip can also trigger occurrence of flicker,
inter-harmonics... In this case all parameters which were recorded at a time of voltage events are marked
(flagged). In later evaluation those flagged records can be omitted from final report by choosing appropriate
setting.
PLEASE NOTE
Regardless of this setting, readings will be always stored in recorder and available for analysis. Flagging only
influences PQ reports as a whole.
Flagged data can be included or excluded from a PQ report
Sending Reports and Report Details
When PUSH communication mode is active, reports about quality and report details for each parameter can be
sent (pushed) to a predefined location inside local or wide area network. Settings allow choosing an
appropriate destination for data to be sent, time interval of sent data and a delay time for sending data if they
cannot be sent immediately due to restrictions in network.
For more information about PUSH please see chapter Settings – Communication.
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115
SETTINGS
EN 50160 parameters settings
Power Quality indices as defined by EN 50160
Phenomena
PQ Parameters
Frequency variations Frequency distortion
Voltage variations
Voltage fluctuation
Voltage unbalance
Voltage changes
Rapid voltage changes
Flicker
Voltage events
Voltage dips
Voltage interruptions
Voltage swells
Harmonics & THD
THD
Harmonics
Inter-harmonics
Signaling voltage
Standard EN 50160 describes in details PQ parameters and corresponding limit lines for monitoring whereas
distribution system voltage operates in accordance with mentioned standard.
Settings of limit lines and required percentage of appropriate indices resembles requirements of standard EN
50160.
When monitoring according to this standard is required there is no need to make changes to PQ parameters
settings.
More detailed description of certain parameter monitoring procedures is in a chapter Measurements.
There are some PQ parameters which are interesting for monitoring but are not required to be part of PQ
reports. These settings do not have standardized limit values and can be set according to distribution network
requirements.


Short term flicker (limit Pst = 1)
Interharmonics (10 values of user defined frequencies)
Settings for power quality parameters are set with setting and monitoring software MiQen
116
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SETTINGS
MiQen HELP description clearly marks PQ parameters, which are not required as a part of EN 50160 PQ report.
Below figure shows settings for interharmonic values:
Settings for 10 user defined interharmonic frequencies
Reset
During normal operation of a device different counter s values need to be reset from time to time.
Reset energy counter
All or individual energy meters (counters) are reset.
Reset energy counter Cost
All or individual energy costs are reset.
Reset MD values
Thermal mode:
Current and stored MDs are reset.
Fixed interval / sliding windows:
The values in the current time interval, in all sub-windows for sliding windows and stored MD are reset. In the
same time, synchronization of time interval to the beginning of the first sub-window is also performed.
Reset last period MD
Thermal mode:
Current MD value is reset.
Fixed interval / sliding windows:
Values in the current time interval and in all sub-windows for sliding windows are reset. In the same time,
synchronization of the time interval is also performed.
Synchronize MD
Thermal mode:
In this mode, synchronization does not have any influence.
Fixed interval / sliding windows:
Synchronization sets time in a period or a sub-period for sliding windows to 0 (zero). If the interval is set to 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30 or 60 minutes, time in a period is set to such value that some intervals will be
terminated at completed hour.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
117
Time constant (interval)
Synchronization start time
Time in a period
First final interval
15 min
10:42
12 min
10:45
10 min
10:42
2 min
10:50
7 min
10:42
0 min
10:49
Alarm relay [1/2/3/4] Off
When using MiQen, each alarm output can be reset separately. On device (manually) only all alarm outputs
together can be reset.
Reset Min/Max values
All Min/Max values are reset.
Reset alarm statistic
Clears the alarm statistic. It can be made by MiQen software under Alarm settings. This setting is only for
resetting online alarms statistics displayed in MiQen software.
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
Info
Installation
14.2.2016
16:53:36

Reset
Min/Max values
Energy counters
MD values
Last period MD
Synchronize MD
Reset alarm output
 Main menu
Main menu > Resets > Min/Max values >Yes/No
Main menu > Resets > Energy counters > All cost counters / All energy counters / Energy counter (E1 / E2 /
E3 / E4) / Cost counter (E1 / E2 / E3 / E4)
Main menu > Resets > MD values > Yes/No
Main menu > Resets > Last period MD > Yes/No
Main menu > Resets > Synchronize MD > Yes/No
Main menu > Resets > Reset alarm output > Yes/No
iMC784
Reset commands for iMC784 can only be set in MiQen software. There are no options for Reset on device TFT
display.
118
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
MEASUREMENTS
Power quality analyzer performs measurements with a constant sampling frequency of 31 kHz. Measurement
methods differ for normal operation quantities, where values are averaged and aggregated according to
aggregation requirements of the IEC 61000-4-30 standard (Class A). This also holds for voltage events where
half-period values are evaluated in accordance with the same standard.
Online measurements
Online measurements are available through the device display or can be monitored with the MiQen setting and
analysis software.
Readings are continuously available on the display with refresh time dependent on the setup average interval
whereas the reading rate of monitored values with MiQen is fixed, refreshing approximately every second.
For better overview over numerous readings, the readings are divided into several groups, which contain basic
measurements, min. and max. values, alarms, harmonics and PQ parameters (presented groups depend on
measurements and function supported in selected device).
Each group can represent data in visually favored graphical form or in detailed tabelaric form. The latter allows
freezing readings and/or copying data into various report generation software tools.
Example: Online measurements in graphical form - phasor diagram and daily total active power consumption histogram
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
119
MEASUREMENTS
Example: Online measurements in tabelaric form
Interactive instrument
Additional communication features of the device allow interactive handling with a dislocated device as if it
were operated directly through the on-board keyboard and display
This feature can also prove to be very useful for presentations or product training purposes.
MC784
120
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Supported measurements
Selection of supported measurements of individual instrument types is changed within the connection settings.
All supported measurements can be read via communication (through MiQen) or displayed on the device
display (depending on hardware).
Available connections
Different electric connections are described in more detail in chapter Electrical connection.
Connections are marked as follows:





Connection 1b (1W) − Single phase connection
Connection 3b (1W3) − Three-phase – three-wire connection with balanced load
Connection 4b (1W4) − Three-phase – four-wire connection with balanced load
Connection 3u (2W3) − Three-phase – three-wire connection with unbalanced load
Connection 4u (3W4) − Tree-phase – four-wire connection with unbalanced load
PLEASE NOTE
Measurements support depends on connection mode the device type. Calculated measurements (for example
voltages U1 and U2 when 3-phase, 4-wire connection with a balanced load is used) are only informative.
Selection of available quantities
Available online measuring quantities and their appearance can vary according to the setup type of power
network and other settings such as; average interval, maximum demand mode and reactive power calculation
method. A complete list of available online measuring quantities is shown in the table below.
PLEASE NOTE
Measurements support depends on connection mode as well as the device type (built-in options). Calculated
measurements (for example voltages U1 and U2 when 3-phase, 4-wire connection with a balanced load is used)
are only informative.
PLEASE NOTE
For 3b and 3u connection mode, only phase to phase voltages are measured. The factor √3 is then applied to
calculate the nominal phase voltage. For 4u connection mode the same measurements are supported as for 1b.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
121
MEASUREMENTS
Meas. type
Measurement
Phase
Voltage
measurements U1-3_RMS
UAVG_RMS
Uunbalance_neg_RMS
Uunbalance_zero_RMS
U1-3_DC
U0_Zero_sequance_RMS
U1_Positive_sequence_RMS
U2_Negative_sequence_RMS
Current
I1-3_RMS
ITOT_RMS
IAVG_RMS
Iunbalance_RMS
Iunbalance_zero_RMS
I0_Zero_sequance_RMS
I1_Positive_sequence_RMS
I2_Negative_sequence_RMS
Power
P1-3_RMS
PTOT_RMS
Q1-3_RMS
QTOT_RMS
Qbt_RMS
Qb1-3_RMS
S1-3_RMS
STOT_RMS
Dt_RMS
D1-3_RMS
PF1-3_RMS
dPFt_RMS
dPF1-3_RMS
1-3_RMS
Harmonic analysis
THD-U1-3
THD-I1-3
TDD-I1-3
U1-3_harmonic_1-63_%
U1-3_harmonic_1-63_ABS
U1-3_harmonic_1-63_
U1-3_inter-harmonic_%
U1-3_inter-harmonic_ABS
U1-3_signaling_%
U1-3_signaling_ABS
I1-3_harmonic_1-63_%
I1-3_harmonic_1-63_ABS
I1-3_harmonic_1-63_
I1-3_inter-harmonic_%
I1-3_inter-harmonic_ABS
I1-3_signaling_%
I1-3_signaling_ABS
122
3-phase 3-phase
1-phase
4-wire 3-wire















































comments
1ph


1ph



























DC component of phase voltages
Zero sequence voltage
Positive sequence voltage
Negative sequence voltage
1ph


Zero sequence current
Positive sequence current
Negative sequence current
1ph

1ph reactive power can be calculated as a
squared difference between S and P

or as sample
delayed
Budeanu
reactive
power Total
Budeanu reactive power Phase
1ph

Deformed power Total
Deformed power Phase
1ph
Displacement Power Factor Total
Displacement Power Factor Phase
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
% of RMS or % of base
Monitoring up to 10 different fixed
frequencies. % of RMS or % of base
Monitoring of signaling (ripple)
voltage of set frequency. % of RMS or
base or % of base
% of RMS
Monitoring up to 10 different fixed
frequencies. % of RMS or % of base
Monitoring of signaling (ripple)
current of set frequency. % of RMS or
% of base
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Flickers
Pi1-3

1ph
Pst1-3

1ph

Plt1-3
Miscellaneous


K-factor1-3


Current Crest factor1-3
 Further description is available in following subchapters
Meas. type
Measurement
Phase to phase Voltage
measurements Upp1-3_RMS
UppAVG_RMS
THD-Upp1-3
x-y_RMS
Upp1-3_harmonic_1-63_%
Upp1-3_harmonic_1-63_ABS
Upp1-3_harmonic_1-63_
Uunderdeviation
Uoverdeviation
1ph
1ph
1ph
3-phase 3-phase
1-phase
4-wire 3-wire

















Instantaneous
flicker
sensation
measured with 150 samples / sec
(original sampling is 1200 smpl/sec)
10 min statistical evaluation (128
classes of CPF)
derived from 12 Pst acc. to EN 610004-15
comments
Phase-to-phase angle
1ph % of RMS or % of base
1ph
1ph
Uunder. and Uover. are calculated for
1ph
phase or phase-to-phase voltages
1ph
regarding connection mode.
Flickers
Metering










Active tariff



Auxiliary
Aux. line
Channel
UNEUTRAL-EARTH
measurements
Maximum


Pi_pp1-3
Pst_pp1-3
Plt_pp1-3
Energy
Counter E1-8
E_TOT_1-8
Phase-to-phase flickers.


INEUTRAL_meas


INEUTRAL_calc

INEUTRAL_err




Each counter can be dedicated to any
of four quadrants (P-Q, import-export,
L-C). Total energy is a sum of one
counter for all tariffs. Tariffs can be
fixed, date/time dependent or tariff
input dependent
aux. voltage is dedicated for neutralearth meas. only
Measured neutral current with 4th
current input
Calculated neutral current
Error neutral current (difference
between measured and calculated)
Maximum demand


demand
MD_I1-3


measurements MD_Pimport


MD_Pexport
MD_Qind


MD_Qcap


MD_S


 Further description is available in following subchapters
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
1ph
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123
MEASUREMENTS
Meas. type
Measurement
Min and max Min and max
measurements U1-3_RMS_MIN
U1-3_RMS_MAX
U0_Zero_sequance_RMS_MIN
U0_Zero_sequance_RMS_MAX
U1_Positive_sequence_RMS_MIN
U1_Positive_sequence_RMS_MAX
U2_Negative_sequence_RMS_MIN
U2_Negative_sequence_RMS_MAX
Upp1-3_RMS_MIN
Upp1-3_RMS_MAX
I1-3_RMS_MIN
I1-3_RMS_MAX
INEUTRAL_meas _RMS_MIN
INEUTRAL_meas _RMS_MAX
I0_Zero_sequance_RMS_MIN
I0_Zero_sequance_RMS_MAX
I1_Positive_sequence_RMS_MIN
I1_Positive_sequence_RMS_MAX
I2_Negative_sequence_RMS_MIN
I2_Negative_sequence_RMS_MAX
P1-3_RMS_MIN
P1-3_RMS_MAX
PTOT_RMS_MIN
PTOT_RMS_MAX
Qbt_RMS_MIN
Qbt_RMS_MAX
Qb1-3_RMS_MIN
Qb1-3_RMS_MAX
S1-3_RMS_MIN
S1-3_RMS_MAX
STOT_RMS_MIN
STOT_RMS_MAX
Dt_RMS_MIN
Dt_RMS_MAX
D1-3_RMS_MIN
D1-3_RMS_MAX
dPFt_RMS_MIN
dPFt_RMS_MAX
dPF1-3_RMS_MIN
dPF1-3_RMS_MAX
freqMIN
freqMAX
124
3-phase 3-phase
1-phase
4-wire 3-wire
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
comments
1ph
1ph
Max/Min Zero sequence voltage
Max/Min Positive sequence voltage
Max/Min Negative sequence voltage


1ph
1ph


Max/Min Zero sequence current
Max/Min Positive sequence current
Max/Min Negative sequence current
1ph

1ph
1ph
1ph
Max/Min Budeanu reactive power
Total
Max/Min Budeanu reactive power
Phase
1ph
1ph
1ph
1ph
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Max/Min Deformed power Total
Max/Min Deformed power Phase
Max/Min Displacement Power Factor
Total
Max/Min Displacement Power Factor
Phase
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Other
Miscellaneous
measurements freqMEAN
Internal temp.
Date, Time
Last Sync. time
GPS Time
GPS Longitude














GPS Latitude


GPS Altitude
 Further description is available in following subchapters
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784








UTC
If GPS receiver is connected to
dedicated RTC time synchronization
input
125
MEASUREMENTS
Explanation of basic concepts
Sample factor MV
A meter measures all primary quantities with sample frequency which cannot exceed a certain number of
samples in a time period. Based on these limitations (128 sample/per at 65Hz) a sample factor is calculated. A
sample factor (MV), depending on frequency of a measured signal, defines a number of periods for a
measurement calculation and thus a number of harmonics considered in calculations.
Average interval MP
Due to readability of measurements from communication or LCD (where available), an Average interval (MP) is
calculated with regard to the measured signal frequency. The Average interval (see chapter Measurements –
Min/Max values) defines refresh rate of displayed measurements based on a sampling factor.
Sample frequency
A device measures all primary quantities with a constant sampling rate of 31 kHz (625 sample/per at 50 Hz).
Average interval
Operation of MC784 depends on several Average intervals, which should all be well understood and set to a
proper value.
Average interval for measurements and display
Due to readability of measurements from LCD and communication, an Average interval can be selected from a
range of predefined values (from 0.1s to 5 s). The Average interval (see chapter Measurements – Min/Max
values) defines refresh rates of displayed measurements.
Alarms response time is influenced by general average interval if their response time setting is set to “Normal
response”. If it is set to “Fast response” alarms depend on a single period measurement.
This average interval has no influence on PQ measurements.
Average interval for min/max values
Min/max values often require special averaging period, which enables or disables detection of short measuring
spikes. With this setting it is possible to set averaging from 1 period to 256 periods.
Average (storage) interval for recorders
This storage interval defines a period for writing data into internal memory. It can be set from 1 min to 60 min.
At the end of every interval different types of measured data can be stored into the recorder (see General
purpose recorder settings).
Average (aggregation) interval for PQ parameters
Standard IEC61000-4-30 defines different aggregation intervals and procedures for aggregation of measured
PQ parameters.
For each PQ parameter it is possible to set a required aggregation interval. Standard aggregation intervals are:






10 periods (12 for 60 Hz system) - for calculations only
150 periods (180 for 60 Hz system) - for calculations only
3 sec
10 sec
10 min (also basic time synchronization tick interval)
2h
It is also possible to set other aggregation intervals according to requirements. Additional aggregation intervals
are 30 sec, 1 min, 15 min and 1 h.
126
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Power and energy flow
Figures below show the flow of active power, reactive power and energy for 4u connection.
Display of energy flow direction can be adjusted according to connection and operation requirements by
changing the Energy flow direction settings.
Explanation of energy flow direction
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
127
MEASUREMENTS
Calculation and display of measurements
This chapter deals with capture, calculation and display of all supported measurement quantities. Only the
most important equations are described; however, all of them are shown in a chapter APPENDIX C: EQUATIONS
with additional descriptions and explanations.
PLEASE NOTE
Calculation and display of measurements depend on the connection used. For more detailed information
please see chapter Selection of available quantities.
Keyboard and LCD (MC784) display presentation
For entering and exiting the measurements display menu, the OK key is used. Measurements are combined in
to logical groups named by main measured parameter such as (Voltage, Current…). Within selected group is
possible to maneuver with the help of left and right button, between the groups is possible to maneuver with
the help of up and down button.
Below is an example for 4u connection mode:
Keyboard and TFT (iMC784) display presentation
For entering the Measurements menu, use DOWN and UP buttons go to Measurements and use SELECT to
enter.
128
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Measurements are divided in to different groups. Use DOWN, UP and RIGHT button to select desired
measurements and ENTER to enter:
When group of selected measurements is displayed, other, neighbor measurements can be entered directly by
pressing button below the measurements description.
To exit measurements display click MENU button.
Below are few examples for 4u connection mode:
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
129
MEASUREMENTS
Measurements menu organization
Because of different built in display technologies also organization of data presentation on devices is different
thou both models show the same measurement parameters.
Measurements menu MC784
Measurement menu on LCD display is organized in two levels. In the first level, set of measured data is selected
such as present values, Min/Max values, Alarms… when entered, selected measurements are shown.
Because of display limitation maximum three values are shown at the time (exception is Overview display and
Custom display 4).
Measurements
Present values
Min/Max values
Alarms
Graphs time
Graphs FFT
Power supply quality
Demo cycling
 Main menu

Measurements
Voltage
Current
Power
PF & Power angle
Frequency
Energy
MD values
THD
Flickers
Custom
Overview
 Measurements
Below is example for Present values > Voltage for 4u connection. Not all displays are shown.
…
130
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MEASUREMENTS
Measurements menu iMC784
On TFT display all measurements options are shown at once in measurement menu. Enter selected
measurement using Enter button. Basic differences between LCD and TFT display:

Alarms and Power Quality information can be accessed directly from the Main menu. More is
described later in the following chapters.

Min/Max values (where calculated) are presented on the same displays as Present values.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
131
MEASUREMENTS

Graphical displays are shown in the group Harmonics

In group Modules there are added information about the current state of the built in modules

On the System display in the group Custom, phasor diagram is shown
132
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Present values
PLEASE NOTE
Display of present values depends on connection mode. Therefore display organization slightly differs from one
connection mode to another.
All measuring instruments may not support all the measurements. The list of available measurement quantities
can be seen from the table above.
Present values on LCD and TFT display
Organization of measurements on TFT display is, a bit different than on LCD, thou basic concept remains the
same.
Because of physical limitation, LCD display on MC784 shows maximum of 3 measured parameters at the time
(with some exceptions). TFT on iMC784 on the other hand have much more possibilities, therefore some data
are combined in order to give the user more complex overview over the measured parameter at once.
PLEASE NOTE
Display of present values depends on connection mode. Therefore display organization slightly differs from one
connection mode to another.
Voltage
Voltage related measurements are listed below:






Real effective (RMS) value of all phase voltages (U1, U2, U3), phase-to-phase voltages (U12, U23, U31) and
neutral to earth voltage (Un).
Average phase voltage (U) and average phase-to-phase voltage (U)
Negative and zero sequence unbalance ratio (Uu, U0)
Phase and phase-to-phase voltage angles (12, 23, 31)
Signaling phase and phase-to-phase voltages (Us12, Us23, Us31)
DC component of phase and phase-to-phase voltages including neutral line (=U1, =U2, =U3, =U12, =U23,
=U31)
𝑈𝑓 = √
𝑁
𝑈𝑥𝑦
2
∑𝑁
𝑛=1 𝑢𝑛
𝑁
∑𝑛=1(𝑢𝑥𝑛 − 𝑢𝑦𝑛 )
=√
𝑁
2
All voltage measurements are available through communication as well as on standard or customized displays.
The device gives out a warning if input signal is too large. In this case when signal representation is not correct
the indicator is shown above the parameter unit (see example from Custom screen set to show U 1, I1 and P1
below):
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
133
MEASUREMENTS
Current
The device measures:




real effective (RMS) value of phase currents and neutral measured current (I nm), connected to current
inputs
Neutral calculated current (Inc), Neutral error current (Ie = |Inm – Inc|),
Phase angle between Neutral voltage and Neutral Current (In), Average current (Ia) and a sum of all
phase currents (It)
Crest factor of phase currents (CRI1-3)
2
∑𝑁
𝑛=1 𝑖𝑛
𝐼𝑅𝑀𝑆 = √
𝑁
All current measurements are available on communication as well as standard and customized displays on LCD.
Active, reactive and apparent power
Active power is calculated from instantaneous phase voltages and currents. All measurements are seen on
communication or are displayed on LCD. For more detailed information about calculation see chapter
APPENDIX C: EQUATIONS.
There are two different methods of calculating reactive power. See chapter Reactive power & energy
calculation.
The device issues a warning if input signal is too large. In this case signal representation is not correct. Indicator
is shown above the parameter unit:
Power factor and power angle
Power angle (or displacement Power Factor) is calculated as the quotient of active and apparent power for
each phase separately (cos1, cos2, cos3) and total power angle (cosT). It represents the angle between first
(base) voltage harmonic and first (base) current harmonic for each individual phase. Total power angle is
calculated from total active and reactive power (see equation for Total power angle, chapter APPENDIX C:
EQUATIONS). A symbol for a coil (positive sign) represents inductive load and a symbol for a capacitor (negative
sign) represents capacitive load.
For correct display of PF via analogue output and application of the alarm, ePF (extended power factor) is
applied. It illustrates power factor with one value as described in the table below. For a display on LCD both of
them have equal display function: between −1 and −1 with the icon for inductive or capacitive load.
Presentation of extended PF (ePF)
Load
Angle [°]
PF
ePF
134
C
−180
−1
−1

−90
0
0
0
1
1

+90
0
2
L
+180 (179.99)
−1
3
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Example of analogue output for PF and ePF:
Frequency
Network frequency is calculated from time periods of measured voltage. Instrument uses synchronization
method, which is highly immune to harmonic disturbances.
Device always synchronizes to a phase voltage U1. If signal on that phase is too low it (re)synchronizes to the
next phase. If all phase voltages are low (e.g. short circuit) device synchronizes to phase currents. If there is no
signal present on any voltage or current channels, the device shows a frequency of 0 Hz.
Additionally, the frequency with 10−second averaging interval is displayed.
Energy counters
Three different variants of displaying Energy counters are available:



by individual counter,
by tariffs for each counter separately and
energy cost by counter
At a display of measured counter by tariffs, the sum in the upper line depends on the tariffs set in the
instrument.
There are two different methods of calculating reactive energy. See chapter Reactive power & energy
calculation.
Additional information, how to set and define a counter quantity is explained in chapter Settings – Energy.
MD values
MD (Maximum Demand) values and time stamp of occurrence are shown for:




Three phase currents
Active powers (import and export)
Reactive power (ind. and cap.)
Apparent power
Dynamic demands are continuously calculated according to set time constants and other parameters.
Reset demands are max. values of Dynamic demands since last reset.
Harmonic distortion
Device calculates different harmonic distortion parameters:

THD is calculated for phase currents, phase voltages and phase−to−phase voltages and is expressed as
percent of high harmonic components regarding to fundamental harmonic
The device uses a measuring technique of real effective (RMS) value that calculates exact measurements with
the presence of high harmonics up to 63rd harmonic. Please see Settings – Real time synchronization source –
Harmonic calculation for more information on harmonic calculation.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
135
MEASUREMENTS
Harmonic distortion parameters
Device calculates different harmonic distortion parameters:



THD is calculated for phase currents, phase voltages and phase−to−phase voltages and is expressed as
percent of high harmonic components regarding to fundamental harmonic
TDD is calculated for phase currents
K-factor is calculated for phase currents
The device uses the measuring technique of real effective (RMS) value that assures exact measurements with
the presence of high harmonics up to 63rd harmonic. Please see Settings – Real time synchronization source –
Harmonic calculation for more information on harmonic calculation.
Flickers evaluation
Flickers are one of most important PQ parameters directly (through light flickering) influencing human feeling.
Flickers are measured in statistically evaluated according to relevant standard IEC 61000-4-15.
For basic flicker measurements on all three voltage phases 1200 readings per second are used. Instantaneous
flicker sensation decimates this sampling rate 8 times (150 instantaneous flicker calculations per second) and
uses approximately 3s averaging time.
With further statistical evaluation short term and long term flickers are calculated.
Pi1-3 represents instantaneous flicker and is averaged and refreshed every 3 sec. Pi is averaged from 500
instantaneous flicker calculations.
Pim1-3 represents max. value of instantaneous flicker Pi within 3 sec flicker averaging interval and is refreshed
every 3 sec. This value is displayed only on display. It is not available on communication.
Pst1-3 represents 10 min statistical evaluation of instantaneous flicker and is refresh every round 10 minutes
(x:00, x:10, x:20…)
Plt1-3 represents 2 h statistical evaluation of short-time flicker Pst and is refreshed every even 2 hours (0:00,
2:00, 4:00…)
Until the flicker value is calculated the symbol − is displayed.
Flickers
Measurements of current Short term and Long term flickers for phase or phase-to-phase voltage (depending on
mode of connection). Until the flicker value is calculated the symbol “-.--“ is displayed.
Customized screens
On MC784 with LCD display, four different customized screens can be set. First three screens shows three
different user defined parameters whereas the fourth screen displays five different parameters as a
combination of the three parameters of the first screen and the first two parameters of the second screen.
On iMC784 with TFT display, three different customized screens can be set. For each screen, eight different
parameters can be set.
WARNING!
When, due to mode of connection, an unsupported measurement is selected for the customized screen an
undefined value is displayed.
Example: MC784 on 4u connection:
Main menu  Measurements  Present values  Overview OK / 
136
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Min/Max values
All Min/Max values are displayed similar as Present values.
PLEASE NOTE
On iMC784 Min/Max values are displayed on the same screen as Present values.
Average interval for min/max values
Min/max values often require special averaging period, which enables or disables detection of short measuring
spikes. With this setting is possible to set averaging from 1 period to 256 periods.
Display of min/max values on MC784
Present values are displayed with larger font in the middle of the screen, while minimal and maximal values are
displayed in smaller font above and below the present values.
Example of Min/Max screens:
Display of min/max values on iMC784
Present values are displayed with larger font in the middle column, while minimal and maximal values are
displayed in smaller font in the right column, indicated with arrows (down for minimal, up for maximal).
Example of Min/Max values on iMC784:
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
137
MEASUREMENTS
Display of min/max values – MiQen software
Presentation of min/max values – Table view
Presentation of min/max values – Graphic view
In graphical presentation of min/max values relative values are depicted. Base value for relative representation
is defined in general settings/Connection mode/used voltage, current range.
For phase voltages and for phase-to-phase voltages the same value is used.
138
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Alarms
Alarms are an important feature for notifying exceeded user predefined values. Not only for visualization and
recording certain events with the exact time stamp. Alarms can be connected to digital/alarm outputs to
trigger different processes (switch closures, line breaking, motors start or stop ...).
It is also very convenient to monitor the alarms history. This is enabled on display and even better on
communication by using the MiQen setting and analysis software.
Alarm menu on display enables surveying the state of ongoing and past alarms.
MC784
In the alarm menu, groups of alarms with states of individual alarms are displayed. Also connected alarm
outputs are displayed in the bottom line. If displayed alarm output is highlighted it means it is active (relay
closed). For each active alarm a number of alarms is written in a certain group at a certain place: Group 1:
1458. Dot stands for alarm not active.
In example below there was 1 alarm, which happened under condition defined in Group1/Alarm1 (middle
picture). Condition for that alarm was U1 > 250.00 V (right picture). Alarm activated Relay output 2 (middle
picture, highlighted Out2).
OK
OK
iMC784
Alarm menu can be accessed directly from Main menu. In the alarm menu, groups of alarms with states of
individual alarms are displayed. If displayed alarm output is highlighted (red) it means it is active. Switch
between alarm groups with left/right button.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
139
MEASUREMENTS
Example:
140
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Survey of alarms
In a detailed survey alarms are collected in groups. A number of a group and alarm is stated in the first column,
a measurement designation in the second, and a condition for alarm in the third one. An active alarm is also
marked.
Presentation of alarms – Table view
Presentation of alarms – Graphic view
In MiQen software all alarms are presented in tabelaric and graphical form as shown in figures above. For each
alarm the following information is shown:




Group association
Group Alarm conditions
Momentary alarm state
Number of alarm events since last reset
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
141
MEASUREMENTS
Demo cycling
Regarding the period that is defined in settings, measurement screen cycling is started until any key is pressed.
PLEASE NOTE
iMC784 currently doesn’t support this feature.
Harmonic analysis
Harmonic analysis is an important part of PQ monitoring. Frequency converters, inverters, electronic motor
drives, LED, halogen and other modern lamps. All this cause harmonic distortion of supply voltage and can
influence other sensitive equipment to malfunction or even damage.
In particular vulnerable are distribution level compensation devices whose capacitor banks act like a drain for
higher harmonics and amplify their influence. Higher harmonic currents flowing through capacitors can cause
overheating and by that shortening their lifetime or even explosions.
Monitoring harmonic distortion is therefore important not only to prevent malfunction of household
equipment and to prolong operation of motors but also to prevent serious damage to distribution equipment
and to people working close to compensation devices.
Due to importance of harmonic analysis a special standard IEC 61000-4-7 defines methods for measurement
and calculation of harmonic parameters.
This measuring instrument measures harmonics up to 63rd and evaluates the following harmonic parameters:








Phase Voltage harmonic signals and THD UP-N
Phase-to-phase Voltage harmonic signals and THD UP-P
Current harmonic signals and THD I
TDD total demand distortion for phase currents
CREST factor for proper dimensioning of connected equipment
K factor for proper dimensioning of power transformers
Inter-harmonics (10 user defined inter-harmonic values)
Signaling voltage (monitoring ripple control signal)
PLEASE NOTE
Inter-harmonics are available only on communication.
All of the listed harmonic parameters can be monitored online, stored in internal memory (where available)
(not all at a time) and compared against alarm condition threshold limit.
The latter is in combination with alarm relay output suitable for notification and/or automatic disconnection of
compensation devices, when too much harmonics could threaten capacitors.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Display of harmonic parameters
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
SD card
Info
Installation
28.7.2014
Measurements
Present values
Min/Max values

Alarms
Graphs time
Graphs FFT
Power supply quality
16:53:36
Demo cycling
 Main menu
Harmonic parameters can be displayed on the device LCD in graphical form and as a table form in MiQen
software:
LCD graphical presentation:
Display of a Phase Voltage in time space diagram.
Displayed are also peak value of monitored phase
voltage and its RMS value. Similar display is also for
phase-to-phase voltages.
Display of a Current in time space diagram.
Displayed are also peak value of monitored current
and its RMS value
Display of a Phase Voltage in frequency space
diagram. Displayed are also RMS value, unit value
(100%), system frequency and THD value. Similar
display is also for phase-to-phase voltages.
Display of a Current in frequency space diagram.
Displayed are also RMS value, unit value (100%),
system frequency and THD value.
iMC784
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
143
MEASUREMENTS
Harmonic parameters can be displayed on the device TFT display in graphical form and as a table form in
MiQen software:
Display of a Phase Voltage, Phase to Phase
Voltage and Current in time space diagram.
Display of a Phase Voltage in frequency space
diagram. Displayed are also RMS value and THD
value.
Display of a Phase to Phase Voltage in frequency
space diagram. Displayed are also RMS value and
THD value.
Display of a Current in frequency space diagram.
Displayed are also RMS value and THD value.
More information about harmonic parameters, especially individual harmonic values, can be obtained when
the device is connected through communication by using the MiQen software.
144
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Representation of individual harmonics in consists of:



Absolute value
Relative value
Phase angle between base and observed harmonic
PLEASE NOTE
Relative value can be calculated as a percentage of the base unit or as a percentage of the RMS value. Setting
of this relative factor is available under General settings (see Harmonic calculation setting).
Harmonic analasis – MiQen
Presentation of phase voltage harmonic components – Table view
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
145
MEASUREMENTS
Presentation of phase voltage harmonic components – Graphic view
PLEASE NOTE
According to the IEC 61000-4-7 standard that defines methods for calculation of harmonic parameters;
harmonic values and inter-harmonic values do not represent signal magnitude at the exact harmonic frequency
but weighted sum of cantered (harmonic) values and its sidebands. More information on this can be found in
the mentioned standard.
Presentation of 10 phase voltage inter-harmonic components – Table view
146
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
Presentation of phase voltage inter-harmonic component – Graphic view
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
147
MEASUREMENTS
PQ Analysis
PQ analysis is a core functionality of the MC784. PQ (Power Quality) is a very common and well understood
expression. However it is not exactly in accordance with its actual meaning.
PQ analysis actually deals with Quality of Supply Voltage. Supply Voltage is a quantity for quality of which utility
companies are responsible. It influences the behavior of connected apparatus and devices.
Current and power on the other hand are the consequence of different loads and hence the responsibility of
consumers. With proper filtering load influence can be restricted within consumer internal network or at most
within single feeder while poor supply voltage quality influences a much wider area.
Therefore indices of supply voltage (alias PQ) are limited to anomalies connected only to supply voltage:
Power Quality indices as defined by EN 50160
Phenomena
PQ Parameters
Frequency variations
Frequency distortion
Voltage variations
Voltage fluctuation
Voltage unbalance
Voltage changes
Rapid voltage changes
Flicker
Voltage events
Voltage dips
Voltage interruptions
Voltage swells
Harmonics & THD
THD
Harmonics
Inter-harmonics
Signaling voltage
For evaluation of voltage quality the device can store main characteristics in the internal memory. The reports
are made on the basis of stored data. Data of the last 300 weeks and up to 170,000 variations of the measured
quantities from the standard values are stored in the report, which enables detection of anomalies in the
network.
MiQen software offers a complete survey of reports with a detailed survey of individual measured quantities
and anomalies. A survey of compliance of individual measured quantities in previous and actual monitored
periods is possible.
Online monitoring
When all PQ parameters are set and analysis is enabled (information about settings for PQ analysis can be
found in a chapter Conformity of PQ according to EN 50160) PQ starts with defined date and starts issuing
weekly reports (if monitoring period setting is set to one week).
MiQen software enables monitoring state of actual period and of previous monitoring period. Both periods can
be overviewed on the device display just as well.
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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MC784
Example of a PQ report for an actual period is generated on device display. More detailed information about
PQ is available through communication.
Basic information about actual monitoring period.
The period here is not completed and currently not
in compliance with EN 50160
Display of current status of PQ parameters. Some are
currently not in compliance with EN 50160
Display of current status of PQ parameters. Some are
currently not in compliance with EN 50160
Display of current status of PQ parameters. Some are
currently not in compliance with EN 50160
iMC784
Example of a PQ report for an actual period is generated on device display. More detailed information about
PQ is available through communication.
Basic information about actual monitoring
period. The period here is not completed and
currently not in compliance with EN 50160
Display of current status of PQ parameters for
actual monitoring period. Some are currently not
in compliance with EN 50160
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MEASUREMENTS
Basic information about previous monitoring
period. The period here is not completed and
currently not in compliance with EN 50160
Display of current status of PQ parameters for
previous monitoring period. Some are currently
not in compliance with EN 50160
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Online monitoring of PQ parameters and reports overviewing is easier with MiQen software.
Presentation of PQ parameters and overall compliance status for actual and previous monitoring period – Table view
For all parameters the following basic information is shown:
Actual quality
Actual quality is for some parameters expressed as a percentage of time, when parameters were inside limit
lines and for others (events) it is expressed as a number of events within the monitored period.
Actual quality is for some parameters measured in all three phases and for some only in a single phase (e.g.
frequency). Events can also occur as Multi-Phase events (more about multiphase events is described in
following chapters)
Events are evaluated on a yearly basis according to EN 50160. Actual quality information is therefore combined
of two numbers (x / y) as shown in the figure above, where:


X … number of events in monitored period
Y … total number of events in current year
Required quality
Required quality is a limit for compliance with standard EN 50160 and is directly compared with actual quality.
The comparison result is the actual status of compliance.
More information about the required quality limits can be found in standard EN 50160.
PLEASE NOTE
To make the complete quality report the aux. power supply for the device should not be interrupted during the
whole period for which the report is requested. If firmware is updated or power supply is interrupted within a
monitoring period, quality report is incomplete − Status: Not complete.
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Graphical presentation of PQ parameters and overall compliance are available only for actual monitoring
period:





Darker green color marks required quality
Light green color marks actual quality
Red color marks incompliance with standard EN 50160
Grey color at events marks number of events
MP at events marks Multi phase events
PQ records
Even more detailed description about PQ can be obtained by accessing PQ reports with details about anomalies
in internal memory.
Structure and operation of internal memory and instructions on how to access data in internal memory is
described in chapters Device management and Internal memory).
After memory has been read information about downloaded data is shown.
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Read Power Quality memory
Information about downloaded data with tabs for different memory partitions
All information about PQ is stored in the Quality reports tab.
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MEASUREMENTS
Main window of recorded PQ reports
The main window is divided into two parts. Upper part holds information about recorded periodic PQ reports
and lower part about each of the upper reports.
For each of the monitored parameters it is possible to display an anomaly report. This represents a complete
list of accurately time stamped measurements that were outside PQ limit lines.
By clicking on “Show details” for each PQ parameter MiQen displays time-stamped measurements (events), which were outside limit lines
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Flagged data evaluation
Flagged data represent data (recorded events) that has been flagged (marked) according to the flagging
concept IEC 61000-4-30.
Flagged data are power quality records, which have been influenced by one or more voltage events
(interruptions, dips, swells).
The purpose of flagging data is to mark recorded parameters when certain disturbances might influence
measurements and cause corrupted data. For example, voltage dip can also trigger the occurrence of flicker,
inter-harmonics ... In this case all parameters which were recorded at a time of voltage events are marked
(flagged).
A PQ report will omit or include flagged data according to appropriate settings (please see chapter Settings –
Conformity of voltage with EN 50160 standard – Flagged events setting.
PLEASE NOTE
Regardless of this setting, readings will always be stored in recorder and available for analysis. Flagging only
influences PQ reports as a whole.
In evaluation of PQ parameter details it is possible to show:


All events
Non-flagged events
As depicted in the figure below.
Display of all or non-flagged events
Multiphase events
According to the EN 50160 standard events (interruptions, dips, swells) should be multiphase aggregated.
Multiphase aggregation is a method where events, which occur in all phases at a same time, are substituted
with a single multiphase event since they were most likely triggered by a single anomaly in a network.
However, to eliminate possibility of information loss all events should be recorded. Therefore during a
multiphase anomaly four events are recorded. Three events for each phase and an additional multiphase
event.
“Phase” column in a list of events marks multiphase event with “-“. In this example two events occur in 3rd line
and events are multiphase events.
Definition for multiphase dip and swell is:
“Multiphase event starts when voltage on one or more phases crosses threshold line for event detection and
ends when voltage on all phases is restored to normal value”
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MEASUREMENTS
Definition for multiphase interruption is:
“Multiphase interruption starts when voltage on all three phases crosses threshold line for interruption
detection and ends when voltage on at least one phase is restored to normal value”
Graphical presentation of multiphase (PDIP, PINT, PSWL) event detection
Voltage event details are displayed in two ways. First as a list of all events with all details and second in a table
according to UNIPEDE DISDIP specifications.
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Presentation of Dips and Interruptions in a list (only four events) and in a statistics table
LCD navigation
MC784
Main menu
Measurements
Settings
Resets
SD card
Info
Installation
28.7.2014

16:53:36
Measurements
Present values
Min/Max values
Alarms
Graphs time
Graphs FFT
Power supply quality
Demo cycling
 Main menu
Main menu > Measurements > Present values > Voltage / Current / Power / PF & Power angle / Frequency
/ Energy / MD values / THD / Flickers / Custom / Overview / Analog input
Main menu > Measurements > Min/Max values > Phase Voltage / Phase-Phase Voltage / Current / Activr
Power / Apparent Power / Frequency / Date&Time of Reset
Main menu > Measurements > Alarms > Group 1 / Group 2 / Group 3 / Group 4
Main menu > Measurements > Graphs time > Phase Voltage / Phase-Phase Voltage / Current
Main menu > Measurements > Graphs FFT > Phase Voltage / Phase-Phase Voltage / Current
Main menu > Measurements > Power supply quality > Actual period / Previous period
Main menu > Measurements > Demo cycling
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MEASUREMENTS
iMC784
Main menu > Measurements:









158
Voltage
Current
Power
Energy
Harmonics
Voltage +
Demands
Modules
Custom
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MEASUREMENTS
PQDIF and COMTRADE files on iMC784/MC784 – concept
description
The Power Quality Analyzer MC784/iMC784 stores recorded data in standardized PQDIF and COMTRADE file
formats. This concept was introduced for compatibility purposes with 3rd party software, which enable data
viewing and analyzing by means of simple file importing.
The PQDIF acronym stands for Power Quality Data Interchange Format, and represents a binary file format
according to the IEEE Std. 1159.3-2003. The primary purpose for introducing this standard was to exchange
voltage, current, power, and energy measurements between software applications. The COMTRADE acronym
stands for Common Format for Transient Data Exchange, and represents a file format specified in IEEE Std.
C37.111. This file format was defined for storing oscillography and status data related to transient power
system disturbances.
For viewing records of both types we recommend the PQDiffractor Viewer which can be freely downloaded
from http://www.electrotek.com/pqdiffractor/ or any of the software supporting these formats.
The MC784/iMC784 instrument has a list of advanced recorders (which are described in chapter Settings –
Advanced recorders). These recorders are listed below together with their file storage options:
Recorder Type
Waveform recorder
Disturbance recorder
PQ recorder
4 Fast Trend Recorders
Supported file record format
PQDIF and COMTRADE
PQDIF and COMTRADE
PQDIF
PQDIF
Apart from selecting which one of the available file formats data will be stored in some other file record related
parameters must also be specified when setting up the a recorder. These parameters are recording resolution,
recorded parameters, pretrigger/posttrigger time (for Waveform and Disturbance recorders only) and file
generation period (for fast trend periodic recorder).
Working with PQDIF and COMTRADE files on the device
All created recorder files can be accessed through FTP. This is normally done through the MiQEN setting &
Analysis software within the My Devices section of the SW. Another way is to directly connect to the device
using one of the standard FTP clients. To see how data in the internal device recorder is structured please see
Appendix E.
Accessing PQDIF files
Under every one of the advanced recorders a desired file format can be chosen by the user. For the PQ
advanced recorder this selection is shown below:
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MEASUREMENTS
MiQen –Select type of data presentations format PQdif
Procedure of accessing PQDIF files:
In order to access PQDIF files which are stored on the device the device first needs to be added into My
devices. To do this the device from which you require recorded data should first be selected from the list of
available devices or by directly entering its’ communication settings:
MiQen – Choosing a device from a list
By clicking on Add to My devices we can add the chosen instrument into My devices:
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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MiQen – Add the device to My devices
A dialog box appears where the user chooses basic parameters such as PQDIF file storage location and FTP
credentials:
The default read-only access username and password are:
Username: ftp
Password: ftp
MiQen – Entering device properties within My devices
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MEASUREMENTS
After this click the My devices tab located in the bottom left and the FTP Download tab at upper right:
MiQen: Accessing data through My devices
To refresh a list of files the upper right corner button should be pressed:
MiQen - Displaying recorded PQDIF files via FTP
Next, the required files for download are chosen by filtering them or marking the desired ones:
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MiQen – Selection of files for download
To download the selected files click on Download selected:
MiQen – Downloading selected files
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163
MEASUREMENTS
Files are saved in the previously defined folder. This folder can be found under the tab named ‘’files’’. If you
double click the files tab, you can directly open saved files with PQDiffractor, or any other PQDIF file reader
that was previously installed for viewing PQDIF files (look in section PQDiffractor below). For the whole file
structure and terminology please see APPENDIX E.
PQDIF files are then arranged in folders according to event type as shown below:
MiQen - Organization of saved files
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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A FW upgrade process for the instrument which is currently open by clicking the icon shown in the figure
below:
MiQen - Upgrade
Accessing COMTRADE files
When using Waveform or Disturbance advanced recorder the COMTRADE can be chosen:
MiQen – Select COMTRADE file type for data presentations
The procedure for accessing these files is the same as for accessing PQDIF files (see Chapter Accessing PQDIF
files).
Under the file tab two files (.cfg and .dat file) need to be selected for storing one record in PQDIF format. Both
files need to be downloaded in order to access all the data, which can then be opened as one COMTRADE
document in a program such as PQDiffractor. (Available free of charge for download)
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MEASUREMENTS
The following icons denote these two file types:
.CFG FILE icon:
.DAT FILE icon:
MiQen – Selecting COMTRADE files for download
Under the files tab you can find .cfg files. By clicking on the file you can also open the .dat file that was saved in
the background.
PQDiffractor - PQDIF and COMTRADE file viewer
To open PQDIF and COMTRADE files we recommend installing PQDiffractor or some other program to read
these files.
An example of a PQDIFF file opened in the PQDiffractor program is seen in the image below where a voltage
interruption PQ event can be seen:
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
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MiQen – Displaying a PQDIFF file in PQDifractor (voltage interruption action)
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167
TECHNICAL DATA
TECHNICAL DATA
In following chapter all technical data regarding operation of device is presented.
Accuracy
Accuracy is presented as percentage of reading of the measured value except when it is stated as an absolute
value. All values required for PQ analysis, which should be measured according to IEC61000-4-30 correspond to
Class A accuracy. The following table states accuracies as well as measuring ranges of all measured values:
Measured values
Active power
Reactive power
Apparent power
Active energy
Reactive energy
Apparent energy
Rms current
(I1, I2, I3, Iavg)
(In_meas)
(In_calc)
Rms phase voltage
(U1, U2, U3, Un-g, Uavg)
Rms phase-to-phase voltage
(U12, U23, U31, Uavg)
Voltage negative sequence unbalance (2)
(u2)
Voltage zero sequence unbalance (2)
(u0)
Voltage flicker
(Pst, Plt)
Frequency – actual
(f)
Frequency - (10 s average)
(f10s)
Nominal frequency range
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Measuring Range
(Direct connection)
Accuracy class
Standard
Class
1.8 – 18 kW (In = 5 A)
IEC61557-12
0.2
0 – 1.8 kW (In = 1 A)
0 – 18 kvar
0 – 18 kVA
9 digit
9 digit
9 digit
0,001 to 12.5 Arms
In = 1 A or 5A
In = 1 A or 5A(1)
In = 1 A or 5A
Umeas:10 - 600 V L-N
Udin = 120/230V
IEC61557-12
IEC61557-12
IEC61557-12
IEC61557-12
IEC62053-24
IEC61557-12
IEC61557-12
0.5
1(0.5)
18 - 1000 V L-L
10 - 600 V L-N
10 - 600 V L-N
0.2 Pst – 10 Pst
50 / 60Hz
50 / 60 Hz
16…400 Hz
0.2
0.2S
0.5s
0.2
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61000-4-15
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.1
Class A
0.1
Class A
0.2
Class A
0.2
Class A
Class F1 (2)
Class A
0.02
Class A
0.02
Class A
IEC61557-12
0.02
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TECHNICAL DATA
Measured values
Power factor (PFA)
Voltage swells
(Uswl)
Volatge dips
(Udip)
Voltage interruptions
(Uint)
THDU(3)
Voltage harmonics
(Uh_l-n, Uh_l-l)
Voltage interharmonics
(UIh)
THDI(4)
Current harmonics (Ih)
Signaling voltage
(Umsv)
Real time clock (RTC)
Measuring Range
(Direct connection)
Accuracy class
Standard
Class
IEC61557-12
0.5
10 – 200% of
IEC61000-4-2 Class 3
Up to 4kHz
10 – 200% of
IEC61000-4-2 Class 3
Up to 4kHz (63rd)
10 – 200% of
IEC61000-4-2 Class 3
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-7
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61557-12
IEC61000-4-7
IEC61000-4-30
IEC61000-4-7
IEC61000-4-30
0.2, ±1 cyc
Class A
0.2, ±1 cyc
Class A
±1 cyc
Class A
0.3
Class I
Class A
0.15
Class I
Class A
Class I
Class A
Up to 4kHz
IEC61557-12
0.3
Up to 4kHz (63rd)
IEC61557-12
0.5
Up to 3kHz
IEC61000-4-30
Class A
synchronized
unsynchronized
IEC61000-4-30
Class A
< ±1 sec/day
−1(C)…0…+1(L)
100 – 120 % Udin
5 – 100 % Udin
0 – 5 % Udin
(1) Accurate measurements of neutral current (In_meas) at lower frequencies (16Hz – 30Hz) are possible up to
6Arms
(2) Voltage unbalance is measured as amplitude and phase unbalance Unb
(3) Test specifications for flickermeter according to standard IEC61000-4-15:2010
(4) When measuring THD, user can set how it is calculated (as a % of fundamental or as a % from RMS value)
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Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
TECHNICAL DATA
Measurement inputs
Frequency:
Nominal frequency range
Measuring frequency range
50, 60 Hz
16−400 Hz
Voltage measurements:
4 (1)
1 Vrms
500 VLN , 866 VLL
600 VLN ; 1000 VLL
1.2 × UN permanently
2 × UN ; 10 s
Consumption
< U2 / 4.2MΩ per phase
Input impedance
4.2MΩ per phase
(1) th
4 channel is used for measuring U EARTH-NEUTRAL
Number of channels
Min. voltage for sync.
Nominal value (UN)
Max. measured value (cont.)
Max. allowed value
Current measurements:
Number of channels
Nominal value (INOM)
Max. measured value (I1-I3
only)
Max. allowed value (thermal)
Consumption
4
1 A, 5 A
12.5 A sin.
15 A cont.
≤ 300 A; 1s
< I2 × 0.01Ω per phase
Sampling and resolution:
Transient sampling
ADC resolution
Reading refresh rate
32μs (625 Samples per Cycle)
24 bit 8-ch simultaneous
inputs
100 ms – 5 s (User defined)
System:
Voltage inputs can be connected either directly to low-voltage network or via a VT to higher voltage network.
Current inputs can be connected either directly to low-voltage network or shall be connected to network via a
corresponding CT (with standard 1 A or 5 A outputs).
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171
TECHNICAL DATA
Connection
Power Quality Analyzer MC784/iMC784 is equipped with Voltage inputs of a device can be connected terminals
for measuring voltages, auxiliary supply, communication and I/O modules. Measuring current cables shall be
attached as through-hole connection without screwing.
PLEASE NOTE
Stranded wire must be used with insulated end sleeve to assure firm connection.
Terminals
Voltage inputs (4)
Current inputs (3)
Supply (3)
Com (5), I/O (6)
Max. conductor cross-sections DIN / ANSI housing
 2.5 mm2 , AWG 24-12 single wire
 Ø 6 mm one conductor with insulation
 2.5 mm2 , AWG 24-12 single wire
 2.5 mm2 , AWG 24-12 single wire
Communication
Power Quality Analyzer MC784/iMC784 is equipped with standard communication port COM1 and auxiliary
communication port COM2. This allows two different users to access data from a device simultaneously and by
using TCP/IP communication, data can be accessed worldwide.
The device is equipped with the following configuration:
Configuration(1)
COM1
COM2(2)
Ethernet & USB
RS232/485
Galvanic separation between Eth. and USB is 1 kVACRMS
(2)
COM2 is NOT available if GPS time synchronization is used
(1)
MC784/iMC784 Quality Analyzer communication configuration
Standard communication protocols MODBUS RTU, MODBUS TCP and DNP3 L1 are supported with IEC61850
optionally (see appendix F).
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TECHNICAL DATA
Input/Output modules
Power Quality Analyzer MC784/iMC784 is equipped with two main I/O slots, two auxiliary I/O slots and special
time-synchronization module. The following I/O modules are available:
Module type
Number of modules per slot
Main slot
Aux slot
Analogue output (AO)
2
/
Analogue input (AI)
2
/
Digital output (DO)
2
8
Digital input (DI)
2
8
Bistable Digital output (BO)
1
/
1 + 1xDO
/
Status output (WO)
List of available I/O modules
Analogue input (AI):
Three types of analogue inputs are suitable for acquisition of low voltage DC signals from different sensors.
According to application requirements it is possible to choose current, voltage or resistance (temperature)
analogue input. They all use the same output terminals.
MiQen software allows setting an appropriate calculation factor, exponent and required unit for representation
of primary measured value (temperature, pressure, wind speed …)
DC current input:
Nominal input range
input resistance
accuracy
temperature drift
conversion
resolution
Analogue
input
mode
–20…0…20 mA (±20%)
20 Ω
0.5 % of range
0.01% / °C
16 bit (sigma-delta)
internally
ended
referenced
Single-
DC voltage input:
Nominal input range
input resistance
accuracy
temperature drift
conversion
resolution
Analogue
input
mode
–10…0…10 V (±20%)
100 kΩ
0.5 % of range
0.01% / °C
16 bit (sigma-delta)
internally
ended
referenced
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Single-
173
TECHNICAL DATA
Resistance (temperature) input:
Nominal input range (low)* 0 - 200 Ω (max. 400 Ω)
PT100 (-200°C–850°C)
Nominal
input
range 0 – 2 kΩ (max. 4 kΩ)
(high)*
PT1000 (-200°C–850°C)
connection
2-wire
accuracy
0.5 % of range
conversion resolution
16 bit (sigma-delta)
Analogue input mode
internally referenced Singleended
*Low or high input range and primary input value (resistance or temperature) are set by the MiQen setting
software
Analogue output (AO):
Output range
Accuracy
Max. burden
Linearization
No. of break points
Output value limits
Response time
(measurement and
analogue output)
Residual ripple
0…20 mA
0.5% of range
150 Ω
Linear, Quadratic
5
 120% of nominal output
depends on set general
average interval
(0.1s – 5s)
< 1 % p.p.
Outputs may be either short or open-circuited. They are electrically insulated from each other and from all
other circuits.
Output range values can be altered subsequently (zoom scale) using the setting software, but a supplementary
error results.
Digital input (DI)
Purpose
Max. current
SET voltage
RESET voltage
Tariff input
Rated voltage
Tariff input, Pulse input,
General purpose digital
input
8 mA (48V), <0.6mA (110,
230V)
40...120 % of rated voltage
0...10 % of rated voltage
Frequency range
Main slot only
(5…48), 110, 230 ± 20%
VAC/DC
45…65 Hz
Pulse input
Rated voltage
Min. pulse width
Min. pulse period
Main slot only
5 - 48VDC
0.5 ms
2 ms
Digital input
(5…48), 110, 230 ± 20%
VAC/DC
20 ms
40 ms
Min. signal width
Min. pause width
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TECHNICAL DATA
Digital output (DO, BO)
Type
Purpose
Rated voltage
Max. switching current
Contact resistance
Impulse
Type
Purpose
Rated voltage
Max. switching current
Pulse length
Relay switch
Alarm output, General purpose
digital output
230 VAC/DC ± 20% max
1000 mA (main slot)
100 mA (aux. slot, DO only)
≤ 100 mΩ (100 mA, 24V)
Max. 4000 imp/hour
Min. length 100 ms
Optocoupler open collector switch
(main slot only)
Pulse output
40 VAC/DC
30 mA (RONmax = 8Ω)
programmable (2 … 999 ms)
Status (watchdog) output (WO)
Type
Normal operation
Failure detection delay
Rated voltage
Max. switching current
Contact resistance
Relay switch
Relay in ON position
 1.5 s
230 VAC/DC ±20% max
1000 mA
≤ 100 mΩ (100 mA, 24V)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
175
TECHNICAL DATA
Safety
Protection:
protection class II
Functional earth terminal must be
connected to earth potential!
Voltage inputs via high impedance
Double insulation for I/O ports and
COM ports
Pollution degree
2
CAT II ; 600 V
CAT III ; 300 V
Acc. to EN 61010-1
Installation category
(measuring inputs)
Test voltages
UAUXI/O, COM1: 3510 VACrms
UAUXU, I inputs: 3510 VACrms
U, I inputsI/O, COM1: 3510 VACrms
HV I/O  I/O, COM1: 3510 VACrms
U inputsI inputs: 3510 VACrms
Time synchronization input
Digital input
1pps voltage level
Time
code
telegram
AM analogue input
Carrier frequency
Input impedance
Amplitude
Modulation ration
176
GPS or IRIG-B TTL
TTL level (+5V)
RS232 (GPS)
DC level shift (IRIG-B)
IRIG-B AM modulated
1 kHz
600 Ohms
2.5VP-Pmin, 8VP-Pmax
3:1 – 6:1
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
TECHNICAL DATA
Universal Power Supply
Standard (high):
Nominal voltage AC
Nominal frequency
Nominal voltage DC
Consumption (max. all
I/O)
Power-on
transient
current
Optional (low):
Nominal voltage AC
Nominal frequency
Nominal voltage DC
Consumption (max. all
I/O)
Power-on
transient
current
CAT III 300V
80 … 276 V
40 … 65 Hz
80 … 300 V
< 8VA
< 20 A ; 1 ms
CAT III 300V
48 … 77 V
40 … 65 Hz
19 … 70 V
< 8VA
< 20 A ; 1 ms
Mechanical
Dimensions
Mounting
Required mounting hole
Enclosure material
Flammability
Weight
Enclosure material
144 × 144 ×100 mm
Panel mounting 144×144 mm
137 × 137 mm
PC/ABS
Acc. to UL 94 V-0
550 g
PC/ABS
Acc. to UL 94 V-0
Ambient conditions
Ambient temperature
Storage temperature
Average annual humidity
Pollution degree
Enclosure protection
Installation altitude
K55 temperature class
Acc. to EN61557-12
-10…55 °C
-40 to +70 °C
 90% r.h. (no condensation)
2
IP 40 (front plate)
IP 20 (rear side)
 2000 m
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
177
TECHNICAL DATA
Real time clock
A built-in real time clock is also without external synchronization very stable when device is connected to
auxiliary power supply. For handling shorter power interruptions without influence on RTC, device uses high
capacity capacitor. It ensures auxiliary supply (for internal RTC only) for more than two days of operation.
Type
Low power embedded RTC
RTC stability
< 1 sec / day
Operating conditions
Operating conditions which have been tested for proper operation of a device within specified accuracy are in
accordance with requirements in standards IEC61557-12, IEC61326-1, IEC61000-4-30 and IEC61000-4-7
Ambient conditions
Ambient temperature
K55 temperature class
Acc. to EN 61557-12
-10 … 55 °C
Storage temperature range
-40 to +70 °C
Ambient humidity
 75% r.h. (no condensation)
Max. storage and transport humidity
 90% r.h. (no condensation)
Voltage and Current max. temperature ± 20 ppm / K
influence limit
(10V-600V; 0,05A-10A)
(Tamb : -30°C to +70°C)
Influence
of
Auxiliary Supply
Influence
2014/30/EU
Voltage and Current max. aux. supply
change influence limit
(IEC61557-12)
Common mode input voltage rejection
(IEC61557-12)
< ± 0,02 %
(Supply voltage magnitude and frequency
in a specified range)
< ± 0,08 %
(common mode voltage at 500V)
External A.C. field
IEC61326-1
Electrostatic discharges
IEC61326-1
Electromagnetic RF fields
IEC61326-1
< ±0,02 %
Performance criteria A
(IEC61000-4-2)
Performance criteria B
(IEC61000-4-3)
Limit 1%; < ±0,4 % (a)
Performance criteria A
(IEC61000-4-6)
Limit 1%; < ±0,4 % (a)
Performance criteria A
of
Conducted disturbances
IEC61326-1
(a)
Test performed my measuring active energy with pulse output. Error (0.4%) is due to
short measuring time
178
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
TECHNICAL DATA
Dimensions
Dimensional drawing
Construction
Appearance
All dimensions are in mm
Dimensions
Panel cut-out
Enclosure
Dimensions
Mounting
Required mounting hole
Enclosure material
Flammability
Weight
Enclosure material
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
144 × 144 ×100 mm
Panel mounting 144×144 mm
137 × 137 mm
PC/ABS
Acc. to UL 94 V-0
550 g
PC/ABS
179
APPENDICES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: MODBUS communication protocol
Communication protocols
Modbus and DNP3 protocol are enabled via RS232 and RS485 or Ethernet communication. Both communication
protocols are supported on all communication ports of the device. The response is the same type as the request.
Modbus
Modbus protocol enables operation of device on Modbus networks. For device with serial communication the
Modbus protocol enables point to point (for example Device to PC) communication via RS232 communication and
multi drop communication via RS485 communication. Modbus protocol is a widely supported open interconnect
originally designed by Modicon.
In this document main modbus registers are listed. For complete, latest, Modbus table please visit ISKRA web site.
The memory reference for input and holding registers is 30000 and 40000 respectively.
PLEASE NOTE
For the latest and complete MODBUS table please visit Iskra web page.
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
181
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Actual time
Frequency
Voltage U1
Voltage U2
Voltage U3
Average phase Voltage U~
Phase to phase voltage U12
Phase to phase voltage U23
Phase to phase voltage U31
Average phase to phase Voltage Upp~
Voltage neutral to ground Uno~
Voltage Zero sequence U0
Voltage Positive sequence U1
Voltage Negative sequence U2
Current I1
Current I2
Current I3
Neutral Current Inc (calculated)
Neutral Current Inm (measured)
Average Current
Total Current I
Current Zero sequence I0
Current Positive sequence I1
Current Negative sequence I2
Real Power P1
Real Power P2
Real Power P3
Total Real Power P
Reactive Power Q1
Reactive Power Q2
Reactive Power Q3
Total Reactive Power Q
Fundamental reactive power Total (Qbt)
Fundamental reactive power Phase L1 (Qb1)
Fundamental reactive power Phase L2 (Qb2)
Fundamental reactive power Phase L3 (Qb3)
Apparent Power S1
Apparent Power S2
Apparent Power S3
Total Apparent Power S
Deformed power Total (Dt)
Deformed power Phase L1 (D1)
Deformed power Phase L2 (D2)
Deformed power Phase L3 (D3)
182
Start
30101
30105
30107
30109
30111
30113
30118
30120
30122
30124
30485
35201
35203
35205
30126
30128
30130
30132
30134
30136
30138
35207
35209
35211
30142
30144
30146
30140
30150
30152
30154
30148
35221
35223
35225
35227
30158
30160
30162
30156
35229
35231
35233
35235
MODBUS
Register
End
30104
30106
30108
30110
30112
30114
30119
30121
30123
30125
30486
35202
35204
35206
30127
30129
30131
30133
30135
30137
30139
35208
35210
35212
30143
30145
30147
30141
30151
30153
30155
30149
35222
35224
35226
35228
30159
30161
30163
30157
35230
35232
35234
35236
Type
T_Time
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T5
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T5
T5
T5
T5
T6
T6
T6
T6
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Power Factor PF1
Power Factor PF2
Power Factor PF3
Total Power Factor PF
Displacement Power Factor Total (dPFt)
Displacement Power Factor Phase 1 (dPF1)
Displacement Power Factor Phase 2 (dPF2)
Displacement Power Factor Phase 3 (dPF3)
Power Angle U1−I1
Power Angle U2−I2
Power Angle U3−I3
Angle between In and Un
Power Angle atan2(Pt, Qt)
Angle U1−U2
Angle U2−U3
Angle U3−U1
Angle Un−U1
Voltage unbalance Uu
Voltage unb. zero sequence Uo
U1 Signal voltage Abs
U2 Signal voltage Abs
U2 Signal voltage Abs
THD I1
THD I2
THD I3
THD U1
THD U2
THD U3
THD U12
THD U23
THD U31
Internal Temperature
DC Voltage U1
DC Voltage U2
DC Voltage U3
DC Voltage U12
DC Voltage U23
DC Voltage U31
DC Voltage Un
TDD I1
TDD I2
TDD I3
K factor I1
K factor I2
K factor I3
CREST factor I1
CREST factor I2
CREST factor I3
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Start
30166
30168
30170
30164
35213
35215
35217
35219
30173
30174
30175
30488
30172
30115
30116
30117
30487
30176
30177
30592
30594
30596
30188
30189
30190
30182
30183
30184
30185
30186
30187
30181
30471
30473
30475
30477
30479
30481
30483
30491
30492
30493
30494
30495
30496
30497
30498
30499
MODBUS
Register
End
30167
30169
30171
30165
35214
35216
35218
35220
30593
30595
30597
30472
30474
30476
30478
30480
30482
30484
Type
T7
T7
T7
T7
T7
T7
T7
T7
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T16
T16
T5
T5
T5
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T2
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T6
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T1
T1
T1
183
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
MD Real Power P (positive)
MD Real Power P (negative)
MD Reactive Power Q − L
MD Reactive Power Q − C
MD Apparent Power S
MD Current I1
MD Current I2
MD Current I3
MD Real Power P (positive)
MD Real Power P (negative)
MD Reactive Power Q − L
MD Reactive Power Q − C
MD Apparent Power S
MD Current I1
MD Current I2
MD Current I3
MODBUS
Register
Start
End
Max Demand Since Last RESET
30542
30543
30548
30549
30554
30555
30560
30561
30536
30537
30518
30519
30524
30525
30530
30531
Dynamic Demand Values
30510
30511
30512
30513
30514
30515
30516
30517
30508
30509
30502
30503
30504
30505
30506
30507
Type
T6
T6
T6
T6
T5
T5
T5
T5
T6
T6
T6
T6
T5
T5
T5
T5
Actual counter is calculated:
Cnt.× 10 exponent
184
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Energy Counter 1 Exponent
Energy Counter 2 Exponent
Energy Counter 3 Exponent
Energy Counter 4 Exponent
Counter E1
Counter E2
Counter E3
Counter E4
Counter E1 Tariff 1
Counter E2 Tariff 1
Counter E3 Tariff 1
Counter E4 Tariff 1
Counter E1 Tariff 2
Counter E2 Tariff 2
Counter E3 Tariff 2
Counter E4 Tariff 2
Counter E1 Tariff 3
Counter E2 Tariff 3
Counter E3 Tariff 3
Counter E4 Tariff 3
Counter E1 Tariff 4
Counter E2 Tariff 4
Counter E3 Tariff 4
Counter E4 Tariff 4
Counter E1 Cost
Counter E2 Cost
Counter E3 Cost
Counter E4 Cost
Active tariff
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
MODBUS
Register
Start
End
Energy
30401
30402
30403
30404
30406
30407
30408
30409
30410
30411
30412
30413
30414
30415
30416
30417
30418
30419
30420
30421
30422
30423
30424
30425
30426
30427
30428
30429
30430
30431
30432
30433
30434
30435
30436
30437
30438
30439
30440
30441
30442
30443
30444
30445
30446
30447
30448
30449
30450
30451
30452
30453
30405
Type
T2
T2
T2
T2
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T3
T1
185
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Flicker Pst1
Flicker Pst2
Flicker Pst3
Flicker Plt1
Flicker Plt2
Flicker Plt3
Flicker Pf5 - L1
Flicker Pf5 - L2
Flicker Pf5 - L3
Base for % calculation
U1 1 Harmonic Abs %
U1 1 Harmonic Phase Angle
U1 Harmonics from 2 to 62
U1 63 Harmonic Abs %
U1 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
Base for % calculation
U2 1 Harmonic Abs %
U2 1 Harmonic Phase Angle
U2 Harmonics from 2 to 62
U2 63 Harmonic Abs %
U2 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
Base for % calculation
U3 2 Harmonic Abs %
U3 2 Harmonic Phase Angle
U3 Harmonics from 3rd to 30th
U3 63 Harmonic Abs %
U3 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
186
MODBUS
Register
Start
End
Flickers
30580
30581
30582
30583
30584
30585
30586
30587
30588
30589
30590
30591
Phase voltage harmonic data
U1 Harmonic Data
31001
31002
31003
31004
31127
31128
U2 Harmonic Data
31129
31131
31132
31255
31256
U3 Harmonic Data
31257
31259
31260
31383
31384
Type
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T17
T5
T5
T5
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
31130
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
31258
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Base for % calculation
U12 1 Harmonic Abs %
U12 1 Harmonic Phase Angle
U12 Harmonics from 2 to 62
U12 63 Harmonic Abs %
U12 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
MODBUS
Register
Start
End
Line voltage harmonic data
U12 Harmonic Data
31385
31386
31387
31388
31511
31512
U23 Harmonic Data
31513
31515
31516
Base for % calculation
U23 1 Harmonic Abs %
U23 1 Harmonic Phase Angle
U23 Harmonics from 2 to 62
U23 63 Harmonic Abs %
U23 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
Base for % calculation
U31 2 Harmonic Abs %
U31 2 Harmonic Phase Angle
U31 Harmonics from 3rd to 30th
U31 63 Harmonic Abs %
U31 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
31639
31640
U31 Harmonic Data
31641
31643
31644
Type
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
31514
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
31642
31767
31768
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Base for % calculation
I1 1 Harmonic Abs %
I1 1 Harmonic Phase Angle
I1 Harmonics from 2 to 62
I1 63 Harmonic Abs %
I1 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
Base for % calculation
I2 1 Harmonic Abs %
I2 1 Harmonic Phase Angle
I2 Harmonics from 2 to 62
I2 63 Harmonic Abs %
I2 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
Base for % calculation
I3 2 Harmonic Abs %
I3 2 Harmonic Phase Angle
I3 Harmonics from 3rd to 30th
I3 63 Harmonic Abs %
I3 63 Harmonic Phase Angle
MODBUS
Register
Start
End
Phase current harmonic data
I1 Harmonic Data
31769
31770
31771
31772
31895
31896
I2 Harmonic Data
31897
31899
31900
32023
32024
I3 Harmonic Data
32025
32027
32028
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
32151
32152
Type
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
31898
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
32026
T5
T16
T17
T16
T17
187
APPENDICES
Register table for the actual measurements
Parameter
Base for % calculation
1. Interharmonic Abs %
2. Interharmonic Abs %
3. - 10 Interharmonic
Base for % calculation
1. Interharmonic Abs %
2. Interharmonic Abs %
3. - 10 Interharmonic
Base for % calculation
1. Interharmonic Abs %
2. Interharmonic Abs %
3. - 10 Interharmonic
MODBUS
Register
Start
End
Phase voltage interharmonic data
U1 Interharmonic Data
32153
32154
32155
32156
32157
32164
U2 Interharmonic Data
3271
3272
32173
32174
32175
32182
U3 Interharmonic Data
32189
32190
32191
32192
32193
32200
Type
T5
T16
T16
T16
T5
T16
T16
T16
T5
T16
T16
T16
All other MODBUS registers are a subject to change. For the latest MODBUS register definitions go to ISKRA web
page http://www.iskra.eu or contact Iskra support.
Register table for the basic settings
Registe
Content
r
40143
Connection Mode
Type
Ind
Values /
Dependencies
Min
Max
Pass. Level
T1
0
No mode
1
5
2
1
1b - Single Phase
2
3b - 3 phase 3 wire
balanced
3
4b - 3 phase 4 wire
balanced
4
3u - 3 phase 3 wire
unbalanced
5
4u - 3 phase 4 wire
unbalanced
40144
CT Secondary
T4
mA
2
40145
CT Primary
T4
A/10
2
40146
VT Secondary
T4
mV
2
40147
VT Primary
T4
V/10
2
40148
Current input range
T16
(%)
10000 for 100%
5,00
200,00
2
40149
Voltage input range
T16
(%)
10000 for 100%
2,50
100,00
2
40150
Frequency
value
Hz
10
1000
2
188
nominal
T1
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Data types decoding
Type
Bit mask
T1
T2
T3
T4
bits # 15…14
bits # 13…00
T5
bits # 31…24
bits # 23…00
T6
bits # 31…24
bits # 23…00
T7
bits # 31…24
bits # 23…16
bits # 15…00
T9
bits # 31…24
bits # 23…16
bits # 15…08
bits # 07…00
Description
Unsigned Value (16 bit)
Example: 12345 = 3039(16)
Signed Value (16 bit)
Example: -12345 = CFC7(16)
Signed Long Value (32 bit)
Example: 123456789 = 075B CD 15(16)
Short Unsigned float (16 bit)
Decade Exponent(Unsigned 2 bit)
Binary Unsigned Value (14 bit)
Example: 10000*102 = A710(16)
Unsigned Measurement (32 bit)
Decade Exponent(Signed 8 bit)
Binary Unsigned Value (24 bit)
Example: 123456*10-3 = FD01 E240(16)
Signed Measurement (32 bit)
Decade Exponent (Signed 8 bit)
Binary Signed value (24 bit)
Example: - 123456*10-3 = FDFE
1DC0(16)
Power Factor (32 bit)
Sign: Import/Export (00/FF)
Sign: Inductive/Capacitive (00/FF)
Unsigned Value (16 bit), 4 decimal
places
Example: 0.9876 CAP = 00FF 2694(16)
Time (32 bit)
1/100s 00 - 99 (BCD)
Seconds 00 - 59 (BCD)
Minutes 00 - 59 (BCD)
Hours 00 - 24 (BCD)
Example: 15:42:03.75 = 7503 4215(16)
Data types decoding
Type
Bit mask
T10
bits # 31…24
bits # 23…16
bits # 15…00
T16
T17
T_float
T_Str4
T_Str6
T_Str8
T_Str16
T_Str40
bits # 31
bits # 31
bits # 31
Description
Date (32 bit)
Day of month 01 - 31 (BCD)
Month of year 01 - 12 (BCD)
Year (unsigned integer) 1998..4095
Example: 10, SEP 2000 = 1009 07D0(16)
Unsigned Value (16 bit), 2 decimal places
Example: 123.45 = 3039(16)
Signed Value (16 bit), 2 decimal places
Example: -123.45 = CFC7(16)
IEEE 754 Floating-Point Single Precision Value (32bit)
Sign Bit (1 bit)
Exponent Field (8 bit)
Significand (23 bit)
Example: 123.45 stored as 123.45000 = 42F6 E666(16)
Text: 4 characters (2 characters for 16 bit register)
Text: 6 characters (2 characters for 16 bit register)
Text: 8 characters (2 characters for 16 bit register)
Text: 16 characters (2 characters for 16 bit register)
Text: 40 characters (2 characters for 16 bit register)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
189
APPENDICES
APPENDIX B: DNP3 communication protocol
Communication protocols
Modbus and DNP3 protocol are enabled via RS232 and RS485 or Ethernet communication. Both communication
protocols are supported on all communication ports of the device. The response is the same type as the request.
DNP3
DNP3 protocol enables operation of a device on DNP3 networks. For device with serial communication the DNP3
protocol enables point to point (for example device to PC) communication via RS232 communication and multi
drop communication via RS485.
Device automatically responses to MODBUS or DNP3 request.
PLEASE NOTE
For the latest and complete DNP3 table please visit Iskra web page.
DNP 3.0
Device Profile Document
Issue: E
Date: 8 Jan 2013
Device Name: Measurement center
Vendor Name: ISKRA d.d.
Models Covered: MC774
Highest DNP Level Supported:
For Requests: 1
For Responses: 1
Device Function:
 Master
 Slave
Notable objects, functions, and/or qualifiers supported in addition to the Highest DNP Levels Supported
(the complete list is described in the DNP V3.0 Implementation table):
Maximum Data Link Frame Size (octets): Maximum Application Fragment Size
Transmitted: 292
Transmitted: 2048
Received:
249
Received:
249
Maximum Data Link Re-tries:
Maximum Application Layer Re-tries:
 None
 None
 Configurable
 Configurable
(octets):
Requires Data Link Layer Confirmation:
 Never
 Always
 Sometimes
 Configurable
Requires Application Layer Confirmation:
 Never
 Always
 Sometimes
 Configurable
190
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Timeouts while waiting for:
Data Link Confirm:
 None  Fixed at ____  Variable  Configurable
Complete Appl. Fragment:  None  Fixed at ____  Variable  Configurable
Application Confirm:
 None  Fixed at ____  Variable  Configurable
Complete Appl. Response:  None  Fixed at ____  Variable  Configurable
Others:
Sends/Executes Control Operations:
WRITE Binary Outputs
 Never  Always  Sometimes  Configurable
SELECT/OPERATE
 Never  Always  Sometimes  Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE
 Never  Always  Sometimes  Configurable
DIRECT OPERATE – NO ACK
 Never  Always  Sometimes  Configurable
Count > 1
Pulse On
Pulse Off
Latch On
Latch Off
 Never
 Never
 Never
 Never
 Never
 Always  Sometimes  Configurable
 Always  Sometimes  Configurable
 Always  Sometimes  Configurable
 Always  Sometimes  Configurable
 Always  Sometimes  Configurable
Queue
 Never  Always  Sometimes  Configurable
Clear Queue  Never  Always  Sometimes  Configurable
Reports Binary Input Change Events when no Reports time-tagged Binary Input Change Events
specific variation requested:
when no specific variation requested:
 Never
 Never
 Only non-time-tagged
 Binary Input Change With Relative Time
 Configurable
 Configurable
Sends Unsolicited Responses:
 Never
 Configurable
 Only certain Objects
 Sometimes
 ENABLE/DISABLE UNSOLICITED
Function codes supported
Default Counter Object/Variation:
 No Counters Reported
 Configurable
 Default Object: 30
 Default Variation: 4
Point-by-point list attached
Sends Static Data in Unsolicited Responses:
 Never
 When Device Restarts
 When Status Flags Change
No other options are permitted.
Counters Roll Over at:
 No Counters Reported
 Configurable
 16 Bits
 32 Bits
 Other Value: 20000
Point-by-point list attached
Sends Multi-Fragment Responses:
 Yes
 No
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
191
APPENDICES
Object
Object
Variation
Number Number
0
0
0
0
0
0
242
243
246
248
250
252
0
254
0
255
Software
version
Hardware
version
user assigned
ID
serial number
product name
manufacture
name
0
0
0
0
0
0
192
Description
Device Attributes - software version
Device Attributes – hardware version
Device Attributes – user assigned ID
Device Attributes – serial number
Device Attributes – product name
Device Attributes – manufacture name
Device Attributes – nonspecific all
attributes request
Device Attributes – list of attribute
variation
Points for object 0
Request
Response
Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Codes
Codes
Codes
Codes
(dec)
(hex)
(dec)
(hex)
1
0
129
00, 17
1
0
129
00, 17
1
0
129
00, 17
1
0
129
00, 17
1
0
129
00, 17
1
0
129
00, 17
1
00, 06
1
00, 06
T_Str3
Data var
242
T_Str2
Data var
243
T_Str2
Data var
246
T_Str8
T_Str16
Data var
Data var
248
250
T_Str20
Data var
252
129
00, 5B
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Object
Object
Variation
Number Number
10
0
10
2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Relay 1
Relay 2
Relay 3
Relay 4
Slot A - Relay 1
Slot A - Relay 2
Slot A - Relay 3
Slot A - Relay 4
Slot A - Relay 5
Slot A - Relay 6
Slot A - Relay 7
Slot A - Relay 8
Slot B - Relay 1
Slot B - Relay 2
Slot B - Relay 3
Slot B - Relay 4
Slot B - Relay 5
Slot B - Relay 6
Slot B - Relay 7
Slot B - Relay 8
Request
Function Qualifier Function
Description Codes
Codes
Codes
(dec)
(hex)
(dec)
Binary
00, 01,
output
1
06
status
Binary
00, 01,
output
1
129
06
status
Points for object 10
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
T1
Data 0
1
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Response
Qualifier
Codes (hex)
00, 01
193
APPENDICES
Object
Object
Variation
Number Number
Description
30
0
16-Bit Analog Input without flag
30
2
16-Bit Analog Input with flag
30
4
16-Bit Analog Input without flag
Request
Response
Function Qualifier Function Qualifier
Codes
Codes
Codes
Codes (dec)
(hex)
(dec)
(hex)
00, 01,
1
06
00, 01,
1
129
00, 01
06
00, 01,
1
129
00, 01
06
Points for object 30
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
26
27
28
29
U1
U2
U3
Uavg (phase to neutral)
U12
U23
U31
Uavg (phase to phase)
I1
I2
I3
I total
I neutral (calculated)
I neutral (measured)
Iavg
Active Power Phase L1 (P1)
Active Power Phase L2 (P2)
Active Power Phase L3 (P3)
Active Power Total (Pt)
Reactive Power Phase L1
(Q1)
Reactive Power Phase L2
(Q2)
Reactive Power Phase L3
(Q3)
Reactive Power Total (Qt)
Apparent Power Phase L1
(S1)
Apparent Power Phase L2
(S2)
Apparent Power Phase L3
(S3)
Apparent Power Total (St)
Power Factor Phase 1 (PF1)
Power Factor Phase 2 (PF2)
Power Factor Phase 3 (PF3)
30
Power Factor Total (PFt)
31
CAP/IND P. F. Phase 1 (PF1)
T17
Data
32
CAP/IND P. F. Phase 2 (PF2)
T17
Data
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
194
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T16
T17
T17
T17
T17
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
-Un
-Un
-Un
-Un
-Un
-Un
-Un
-Un
-In
-In
-In
-In
-In
-In
-In
-Pn
-Pn
-Pn
-Pt
+Un
+Un
+Un
+Un
+Un
+Un
+Un
+Un
+In
+In
+In
+In
+In
+In
+In
+Pn
+Pn
+Pn
+Pt
T17
Data
-Pn
+Pn
T17
Data
-Pn
+Pn
T17
Data
-Pn
+Pn
T17
Data
-Pt
+Pt
T16
Data
-Pn
+Pn
T16
Data
-Pn
+Pn
T16
Data
-Pn
+Pn
T16
Data
T17
Data
T17
Data
T17
Data
Points for object 30 cont.
T17
Data
-Pt
-1
-1
-1
+Pt
1
1
1
-1
-1
CAP
-1
CAP
1
+1
300% for -1 IND
+1
300% for -1 IND
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Data
-1
CAP
-1
CAP
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
-100°
+100°
T17
Data
33
CAP/IND P. F. Phase 3 (PF3)
T17
Data
34
CAP/IND P. F. Total (PFt)
T17
Data
35
j1 (angle between U1 and I1)
j 2 (angle between U2 and
I2)
j 3 (angle between U3 and
I3)
Power
Angle
Total
(atan2(Pt,Qt))
j 12 (angle between U1 and
U2)
j 23 (angle between U2 and
U3)
j 31 (angle between U3 and
U1)
T17
42
Frequency
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
U unbalance
I1 THD%
I2 THD%
I3 THD%
U1 THD%
U2 THD%
U3 THD%
U12 THD%
U23 THD%
U31 THD%
36
37
38
39
40
41
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
T16
Data
MAX DEMAND SINCE LAST RESET
Active Power Total (Pt) - (positive) T16
Data
Active Power Total (Pt) - (negative) T16
Data
Reactive Power Total (Qt) - L
T16
Data
Reactive Power Total (Qt) - C
T16
Data
Apparent Power Total (St)
T16
Data
I1
T16
Data
I2
T16
Data
I3
T16
Data
DYNAMIC DEMAND VALUES
Active Power Total (Pt) - (positive) T16
Data
Active Power Total (Pt) - (negative) T16
Data
Reactive Power Total (Qt) - L
T16
Data
Reactive Power Total (Qt) - C
T16
Data
Apparent Power Total (St)
T16
Data
I1
T16
Data
I2
T16
Data
I3
T16
Data
ENERGY
Energy Counter 1
T17
Data
Energy Counter 2
T17
Data
Energy Counter 3
T17
Data
Energy Counter 4
T17
Data
Energy Counter 1 Cost
T17
Data
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
+1
300% for -1 IND
+1
300% for -1 IND
FnFn+10Hz
10Hz
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-100% 100%
-Pt
-Pt
-Pt
-Pt
-Pt
-In
-In
-In
+Pt
+Pt
+Pt
+Pt
+Pt
+In
+In
+In
-Pt
-Pt
-Pt
-Pt
-Pt
-In
-In
-In
+Pt
+Pt
+Pt
+Pt
+Pt
+In
+In
+In
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
195
APPENDICES
Energy Counter 2 Cost
Energy Counter 3 Cost
Energy Counter 4 Cost
Total Energy Counter Cost
Aktiv Tariff
Internal Temperature
196
T17
T17
T17
T17
T1
T17
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
Data
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
(32-bit value) MOD 20000
-100°
+100°
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Object
Object
Variation
Description
Number Number
16-bit
status
16-bit
status
40
0
40
2
0
1
2
3
Analog output 1
Analog output 2
Analog output 3
Analog output 4
Slot A - Analog output
1
Slot A - Analog output
2
Slot A - Analog output
3
Slot A - Analog output
4
Slot B - Analog output
1
Slot B - Analog output
2
Slot B - Analog output
3
Slot B - Analog output
4
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Request
Function
Qualifier
Codes
Codes
(dec)
(hex)
Object
Object
Number
50
50
Variation
Number
0
1
0
Time and Date
Object
Object
Variation
Number Number
60
1
60
2
60
3
60
4
*only object 30
Analog
output
Analog
output
1
00, 01, 06
1
00, 01, 06
T1
T1
T1
T1
Points for object 40
Data
Data
Data
Data
0
0
0
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
T1
Data
0
Response
Function
Qualifier
Codes
Codes
(dec)
(hex)
129
00, 01
Request
Response
Function
Qualifier
Function
Qualifier
Description
Codes (dec) Codes (hex) Codes (dec) Codes (hex)
Time and Date – absolute time
2
7
Time and Date – absolute time
2
7
129
7
Points for object 50
T_Time
Data
Description
CLASS 0 DATA
CLASS 1 DATA
CLASS 2 DATA
CLASS 3 DATA
Request
Function
Qualifier
Function
Codes (dec) Codes (hex) Codes (dec)
1
6
1,22*
6
1,22*
6
1,22*
6
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Response
Qualifier
Codes (hex)
197
APPENDICES
APPENDIX C: Equations
Definitions of symbols
No Symbol Definition
1
MP
Average interval
2
Uf
Phase voltage (U1, U2 or U3)
3
Uff
Phase-to-phase voltage (U12, U23 or U31)
4
N
Total number of samples in a period
5
n
Sample number (0 ≤ n ≤ N)
6
x, y
7
in
8
ufn
Phase voltage sample n
9
ufFn
Phase-to-phase voltage sample n
10
ϕf
Power angle between current and phase voltage f ( ϕ1, ϕ2 or ϕ3)
11
Uu
Voltage unbalance
12
Uc
Agreed supply voltage
198
Phase number (1, 2 or 3)
Current sample n
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Voltage
N
u
2
n
Phase voltage
n =1
Uf =
N − samples in averaging interval (up to 65 Hz)
N
 u
N
Phase-to-phase voltage
n =1
Uxy =
ux, uy − phase voltages (Uf)
N − a number of samples in averaging interval
N
1  3  6
 100%
1  3  6
Uu 

 u yn 
2
xn
4
12fund
2
12fund
U
U
U
U
U
U
4
23fund
2
23fund
Voltage unbalance
4
31fund
2
2
31fund

U POS 
o
1
2400
U L1,fund  U L120
2 ,fund  U L 3,fund
3
U NEG 
o
1
2400
U L1,fund  U L2120
,fund  U L 3,fund
3
U ZERO 
1
U L1,fund  U L 2,fund  U L 3,fund
3
Ufund − first harmonic of phase-to-phase voltage
Positive voltage sequence
Ufund − first harmonic of phase voltage
Negative voltage sequence
Ufund − first harmonic of phase voltage
Zero voltage sequence
Ufund − first harmonic of phase voltage
Current
N
IRMS
=
i
2
n
Phase current
n =1
N − samples in averaging interval (up to 65 Hz)
N
i i i
N
In
=
n =1
1n
2n

2
3n
N
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Neutral current
i − n sample of phase current (1, 2 or 3)
N − samples in averaging interval (up to 65 Hz)
199
APPENDICES
Power
Active power by phases
Pf 
N
1
  u fn  i fn 
N n 1
N − a number of periods
n − index of sample in a period
f − phase designation
Total active power
Pt  P1  P2  P3
t − total power
1, 2, 3 − phase designation
SignQ f 
  0  180  SignQ f   1
  180  360  SignQ f   1
Reactive power sign
Qf − reactive power (by phases)
 − power angle
Apparent power by phases
Sf  Uf  If
Uf − phase voltage
If − phase current
St  S1  S2  S3
Total apparent power
St − apparent power by phases
Reactive power by phases
Qf  SignQ f  S  P
2
f
Qf 
N
2
f

1
  u f  i f n  N / 4 
N n1 n
Qt  Q1  Q2  Q3
Sf − apparent power by phases
Pf − active power by phases

Reactive power by phases (displacement method)
N − a number of samples in a period
n − sample number (0 ≤ n ≤ N)
f − phase designation
Total reactive power
Qt − reactive power by phases
Distortion power
2
D  S 2  P 2  Q fund
S – Apparent power
P – Acive power
Qfund – Fundamental reactive power
Q fund  ImDFT u  i 
Fundamental reactive power
Imaginary part of first harmonic part of momentary voltage and
current product
s  arctan 2Pt , Qt 
s   180, 179,99
PF 
P
S
P
dPF  1
S1
200
Total power angle
Pt − total active power
Qt − total reactive power
Distortion power factor
P − active power
S −apparent power
Displacement power factor
P1 − Fundamental active power
S1 − Fundamental apparent power
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
THD, TDD
63
I f THD%  
I
n2
 100
I1
63
I f TDD%  
Current THD
2
n
I
n2
Current TDD
2
n
 100
IL
63
U f THD%  
U
n2
 100
U f1
63
U ff THD% 
n2
U1 − value of first harmonic
n − number of harmonic
Phase-to-phase voltage THD
2
ffn
U ff 1
IL − value of max. load current (fixed, user defined value)
n − number of harmonic
Phase voltage THD
2
fn
U
I1 − value of first harmonic
n − number of harmonic
 100
U1 − value of first harmonic
n − number of harmonic
Current factors
CFI % 
I PEAK
 100
I RMS
63
Ki 
2
 I n  n 
n 1
63
I
n 1
CREST factor
IRMS – RMS value of phase current
IPEAK – Peak value of current within cycle
K factor
n − number of harmonic
2
n
Flickers
P50S  P30  P50  P80  3
P10S  P6  P8  P10  P13  P17  5
P3S  P2, 2  P3  P4  3
P1S  P1,7  P1  P1,5  3
Pst 
Plt  3
0,0314P0,1  00525P1S  0,0657P3S
Pst − Short-term flicker intensity
Short-term flicker intensity is measured in 10 minute periods.
Px − flicker levels that are exceeded by x% in a 10-minute
period (e.g. P0,1 represents a flicker level that is exceeded by
0.1% samples)
 0,28P10S  0,08P50S
Psti3

i 1 12
12
Plt − Long-term flicker intensity
Calculated from twelve successive values of short-term flicker
intensity in a two-hour period
Energy
Price in tariff  Price  10Tarif price exponent
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Total exponent of tariff price and energy price in all tariffs
201
APPENDICES
APPENDIX D: XML Data format
Explanation of XML data format
All data, which is prepared to be sent at next time interval is combined into element <data>. It comprises of
elements <value>, which contain all information regarding every single reading.
Attributes of element <value> are:
















logId: Identification code of data package. It is used as a confirmation key and should therefore be unique
for each device.
app: application type ??
storeType: data type ("measurement" or “alarm”) or quality report??
dataProvider: "xml001" ??
controlUnit: Serial number of the device that sent this data
part: rekorder ??
datetimeUTC: UTC date and time of the beginning of current time interval in which data was sent (yyyymm-dd hh:mm:ss).
ident: ID code of particular reading
tFunc: thermal function (1= ON / 0 = OFF)
cond: condition (1 = lower than; 0 = higher then)
condVal: limit value
almNum: alarm serial number.
unit: Measuring Parameter Unit (V, A, VA, W, VAr …)
tInterval: sampling interval in minutes
dst: (daylight savings time) in minutes
tzone: timezone in minutes
There are 5 various types of XML push packages in the MC784:





measurement packages,
alarm packages,
PQ event packages,
PQ report packages and
Index packages (these are related trigger based events) – these are only supported in MC784.
Example of alarms <data> package
<data logId="033350088" app="ML" storeType="alarm" dataProvider="xml001" controlUnit="MC004475" part="E"
datetimeUTC="2009-07-15 21:29:07" dst="60" tzone=" 60">
<value ident="U1 " unit="V " tFunc="0" cond="0" condVal="200,00" almNum="01">100</value>
<value ident="U2 " unit="V " tFunc="0" cond="0" condVal="200,00" almNum="02">101</value>
<value ident="U3 " unit="V " tFunc="0" cond="0" condVal="200,00" almNum="03">99</value>
</data>
202
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Example of readings measurement <data> package
<data logId="033324218" app="ML" storeType="measurement" dataProvider="xml001" controlUnit="MC004475"
part="B" datetimeUTC="2009-09-16 3:00:00" dst="60" tzone=" 60" tInterval="015">
<value ident="U1 " unit="V ">234,47</value>
<value ident="U2 " unit="V ">234,87</value>
<value ident="U3 " unit="V ">234,52</value>
<value ident="I1 " unit="A ">1,14</value>
<value ident="I2 " unit="A ">1,50</value>
<value ident="I3 " unit="A ">3,58</value>
<value ident="P1 " unit="W ">-0,063e+03</value>
<value ident="P2 " unit="W ">-0,101e+03</value>
<value ident="P3 " unit="W ">0,281e+03</value>
<value ident="P " unit="W ">0,11e+03</value>
<value ident="Q " unit="var ">-1,37e+03</value>
<value ident="E1 " unit="Wh">19620e+01</value>
<value ident="E2 " unit="varh">6e+01</value>
<value ident="E3 " unit="Wh">1303391e+01</value>
<value ident="E4 " unit="varh">2999595e+01</value>
<value ident="ePF " unit=" ">0,0820</value>
</data>
Example of acknowledgement packages:
<ack logId="033220002" datetimeUTC ="2008-01-31 23:00:50:000"></ack>
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
203
APPENDICES
APPENDIX E: PQDIF and COMTRADE recorder data storage
organization
All PQDIF and COMTRADE file records which are created on the device are stored in a predefined folder in a logical
hierarchy which is shown in the table below. Apart from this the table below also gives trigger names and trigger
IDs which cause these records to be created. Also Record group IDs and subgroup IDs are given.
Record
Record
Trigger_Name
Trigger_ID
Record folder
Group_ID
SubGroup_ID
Trend recorder 1
TrLog_01
\Log_Trend\Recorder_01
TrLog
Rec_01
Trend recorder 2
TrLog_02
\Log_Trend\Recorder_02
TrLog
Rec_02
Trend recorder 3
Trend recorder 4
PQ Recorder
Transient
trigger
Current
Transient
trigger
Voltage
PQ trigger Dip
PQ trigger Inrush
PQ trigger Interuption
PQ
trigger
End
Interuption
PQ trigger RVC
PQ trigger Swell
Digital trigger 1
Digital trigger 2
Digital trigger 3
Digital trigger 4
Digital trigger 5
Digital trigger 6
Digital trigger 7
Digital trigger 8
Ethernet trigger 1
Ethernet trigger 2
Ethernet trigger 3
Ethernet trigger 4
Ethernet trigger 5
Ethernet trigger 6
Ethernet trigger 7
Ethernet trigger 8
Combined trigger 1
Combined trigger 2
Combined trigger 3
Combined trigger 4
Combined trigger 5
Combined trigger 6
Combined trigger 7
Combined trigger 8
Combined trigger 9
Combined trigger 10
Combined trigger 11
204
TrLog_03
TrLog_04
PQLog
\Log_Trend\Recorder_03
\Log_Trend\Recorder_04
\Log_PQ
TrLog
TrLog
PQLog
Rec_03
Rec_04
TrgTrC
\Trg_Transient\Current
TrgTr
Curr
TrgTrV
TrgPqDip
TrgPqInrush
TrgPqInter
TrgPqInterEn
d
TrgPqRvc
TrgPqSwell
TrgDig01
TrgDig02
TrgDig03
TrgDig04
TrgDig05
TrgDig06
TrgDig07
TrgDig08
TrigEth01
TrigEth02
TrigEth03
TrigEth04
TrigEth05
TrigEth06
TrigEth07
TrigEth08
TrigCmb01
TrigCmb02
TrigCmb03
TrigCmb04
TrigCmb05
TrigCmb06
TrigCmb07
TrigCmb08
TrigCmb09
TrigCmb10
TrigCmb11
\Trg_Transient\Voltage
\Trg_PQ\Dip
\Trg_PQ\Inrush
\Trg_PQ\Interruption
TrgTr
TrgPq
TrgPq
TrgPq
Volt
Dip
Inrush
Inter
\Trg_PQ\InterruptionEnd
\Trg_PQ\Rvc
\Trg_PQ\Swell
\Trg_External\Digital_01
\Trg_External\Digital_02
\Trg_External\Digital_03
\Trg_External\Digital_04
\Trg_External\Digital_05
\Trg_External\Digital_06
\Trg_External\Digital_07
\Trg_External\Digital_08
\Trg_External\Ethernet_01
\Trg_External\Ethernet_02
\Trg_External\Ethernet_03
\Trg_External\Ethernet_04
\Trg_External\Ethernet_05
\Trg_External\Ethernet_06
\Trg_External\Ethernet_07
\Trg_External\Ethernet_08
\Trg_Combined\Combined_01
\Trg_Combined\Combined_02
\Trg_Combined\Combined_03
\Trg_Combined\Combined_04
\Trg_Combined\Combined_05
\Trg_Combined\Combined_06
\Trg_Combined\Combined_07
\Trg_Combined\Combined_08
\Trg_Combined\Combined_09
\Trg_Combined\Combined_10
\Trg_Combined\Combined_11
TrgPq
TrgPq
TrgPq
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgExt
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
InterEnd
Rvc
Swell
Dig_01
Dig_02
Dig_03
Dig_04
Dig_05
Dig_06
Dig_07
Dig_08
Eth_01
Eth_02
Eth_03
Eth_04
Eth_05
Eth_06
Eth_07
Eth_08
Cmb_01
Cmb_02
Cmb_03
Cmb_04
Cmb_05
Cmb_06
Cmb_07
Cmb_08
Cmb_09
Cmb_10
Cmb_11
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Combined trigger 12
Combined trigger 13
Combined trigger 14
Combined trigger 15
Combined trigger 16
TrigCmb12
TrigCmb13
TrigCmb14
TrigCmb15
TrigCmb16
\Trg_Combined\Combined_12
\Trg_Combined\Combined_13
\Trg_Combined\Combined_14
\Trg_Combined\Combined_15
\Trg_Combined\Combined_16
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
TrgCmb
Cmb_12
Cmb_13
Cmb_14
Cmb_15
Cmb_16
A further explanation to the group and subgroup IDs are stated in the two tables below:
Record
Description - Group_Name_En
Group_ID
Trend recorder logs
TrLog
PQ recorder logs
PQLog
Transient trigger events
TrgTr
PQ trigger events
TrgPq
External trigger events
TrgExt
Combined trigger events
TrgCmb
Record
SubGroup_ID
Rec_N
Curr
Volt
Dip
Inrush
Inter
InterEnd
Rvc
Swell
Dig_N
Eth_N
Cmb_N
Description - Group_Name_En
Recorder N
Current
Voltage
Dip
Inrush current
Interruption
End Interruption
RVC
Swell
Digital N
Ethernet N
Combined N
All this file records are easily available from the device by means of FTP connection. Depending on FTP account
permissions the user can manipulate the stored data. The default read-only ftp account is usr: “ftp”/pwd:”ftp”
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
205
APPENDICES
PQDIF AND COMTRADE FILE NAMING CONVENTION
File names are determined according to the ISO standard 8601 standard.
There are a few examples below:
Fast Trend recorders (Recorder 1-4, PQ Recorder)

these are created periodically with a predefined period
Date: 26.3.2014
Time: 00:00:00
Abbreviations: z = UTC time, T = date - time separator
Example: 20142603T000000z.pqd
Event recorders

Here many events can occur within one seconds so milliseconds are used
Example:20142603T000000.046z.pqd

If all records cannot be stored in one single file the recorder signature is added at the end of file name:
_T
_W
_D
Transient recorder
Waveform recorder
Disturbance recorder
Example:20142603T000000.046z_T.pqd
Example:20142603T000000.046z_W.pqd
Example:20142603T000000.046z_D.pqd
206
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
APPENDIX F: IEC61850 protocol support overview
Overview
This appendix describes the scope of support for the IEC61850 protocol within the ISKRA iMC784/MC784
instrument. It provides the functionality overview as well as all the necessary means on how the configuration can
be done.
Basic implementation facts




The Model Implementation Conformance Statement (MICS) for IEC61850 support is defined in IEC 61850-7-3
and IEC61850-7-4
IEC61850 support is a SW-enabled optional feature
Up to 8 preconfigured report datasets
Up to 4 simultaneous IEC61850 client connections
IEC61850 configuration
For every IEC61850 there should be a related ICD and CID configuration files. The implementation in the MC784
has the following characteristics:
 Only one single ICD file corresponds to all HW variants of MC784 – this file corresponds to all available options
within the instrument. This file is publicly available on the internet the following location:
http://www.iskra.eu/products/20071212152244/20071212153028/2015051107392681/ .
 A predefined CID file is provided with every device with the IEC61850 server feature enabled and is the same
as the publicly available ICD file. The file resides in MC784 file system in the /IEC61850/ folder so any user can
optionally reconfigure the device through standard FTP communication channel if required by making the
(re)configuration of the CID file and uploading and overwriting the existing CID file – file location. When
reconfiguring the CID file we recommend to stick to the limits defined within this appendix.
 Any XML editor or 3rd party IEC61850 configuration tool can be used for reconfiguring the CID files
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
207
APPENDICES
Logical nodes supported in iMC784/MC784 implementation of IEC61850
A general standard support scope overview is given in the table below:
Logical node
Description
SYSTEM related LPHD - Physical device Physical device. Contains information related to the physical
nodes
information
device. Only one instance of this node can be defined.
LLN0 - Logical node zero
Logical node zero. Contains the data related to the
associated IED. Only one instance of this node can be
defined.
MEASUREMENT
MMXU - Measurements
Measurements. Contains per-phase and total current,
related nodes
voltage and power flow for operational purposes.
AVGMMXU
Metering Metering statistics. Consists of average, min and max for
Statistics Average
metered (MMXU) data.
MAXMMXU
Metering
Statistics Maximum
MINMMXU
Metering
Statistics Minimum
MSQI - Sequence and Sequence. Consists of sequence values for three/multi-phase
imbalance
power systems via symmetrical components
MMTR - Metering
Metering. Consists of the integrated values (energy),
primarily for billing purposes.
GGIO - Generic process I/O
Generic process HW I/O module current statuses which
include (depending on device HW variant):
 4 analog inputs
 4 general indication I/Os
 8 bit Slot A
 8 bit Slot B
Current status of 32 SW configurable alarms which are
programmed into the device.
GGIO - Commands
Sending commands into MC784:
 Energy counters reset
 Min/Max measurements reset (affects statistic)
 Output relay ON/OFF (Output 1-4, Slot A)
MHAI - Harmonics
Harmonics. Consists of voltage and current harmonic values
as well as THD, K factor, Crest factor.
RDRE - Disturbance recorder Disturbance Recorder Function. Indicates to a client that a
function
new PQDIF or COMTRADE file has been created in one of the
device recorders and is available for transfer.
IEC61850 Data Sets in iMC784/MC784
Datasets are configured using any IEC 61850 configuration tool. One can have up to 8 datasets containing a
maximum of 256 data values each. If this limit is exceeded, the resulting CID file will not function. Data sets must
be located in LLN0 so that they can contain data from any logical node within that logical device. The ICD file for
the MC784 is preconfigured with eight default datasets and can be reconfigured by the user if required:
Dataset
LPHD
MMXU
MSTA
MMTR
GGIO
MHAI
MSQI
RDRE
208
Description
Status dataset
Measurements dataset
Statistics dataset
Metering dataset
Inputs and outputs dataset
Power quality dataset
Sequence dataset
Recorded files of all record types
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
IEC61850 Reports in iMC784/MC784
Reports can be configured using any IEC 61850 configuration tool. Reports will only be transmitted to the client if
that client has enabled the report. Reports must be located in LLN0 so that they can contain any dataset.
Dataset
Buffered/Unbuffered Description
Device status
Unbuffered
Report containing status dataset (LPHD)
Measurements
Unbuffered
Report containing measurements dataset (MMXU)
Statistics
Unbuffered
Report containing statistics dataset (MSTA)
Energy
Unbuffered
Report containing metering dataset (MMTR)
Inputs
and Unbuffered
Report containing inputs and outputs dataset (GGIO)
outputs
Imbalances
Unbuffered
Report containing sequence dataset (MSQI)
Configuring Reporting Triggers
Reporting triggers allow the iMC784/MC784 automatically generate and send reports to clients when certain
conditions are met. They are configured using any IEC 61850 configuration tool. The most commonly-used triggers
are:
Trigger Option
Description
Default setting in
MC784 CID file
dchg (data-change)
Report is triggered when there is a change in value of a
Disabled
member of the data set. This data change must be
greater than the deadband value configured in CID file.
Integrity period
Report is triggered at regular, periodic intervals.
Enabled (4000 msec)
Quality changed
Report is triggered when quality is changed. Quality is
Disabled
part of every parameter within the CID file.
GI (general interrogation) Report is triggered upon client request.
Enabled
Data update
Only used for frozen counters
Disabled
Model Implementation Conformance Statement
The model implementation conformance statement according to IEC 61850-7-3 and IEC 61850-7-4, is listed below:
Attribute name
Explanation
PhyNam
Physical device name plate
PhyHealth
Proxy
Physical device health
Indicates if this LN is a proxy
Mod
Beh
Health
NamPlt
Mode
Behaviour
Health
Name plate
RcdMade
Recording made
FltNum
TotW
TotVAr
TotVA
TotPF
PPV
Attribute Type
LPHD - Physical device information
DPL
INS
SPS
LLN0 - Logical node zero
INC
INS
INS
LPL
RDRE - Disturbance recorder function
SPS
SPS
Fault Number
INS
MMXU - Measurements
Total Active Power (Total P)
MV
Total Reactive Power (Total Q)
MV
Total Apparent Power (Total S)
MV
Average Power factor (Total PF)
MV
Phase to phase voltages, including angles
DEL
DEL
DEL
DEL
DEL
DEL
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
Modbus Start
Modbus End
20001
20021
20022
20025
20029
20020
20051
20052
20053
20001
20028
20036
20020
20101
20102
20111
21001
21003
21005
21007
21011
21013
21015
21017
21019
21021
21002
21004
21006
21008
21012
21014
21016
21018
21020
21022
209
APPENDICES
A
Phase currents, including power angles
VAr
Phase reactive power (Q)
VA
Phase apparent power (S)
PF
Phase power factor (PF)
AvW
AvVAr
AvVA
Average real power
Average reactive power
Average apparent power
MaxW
MaxVAr
MaxVA
Maximum real power
Maximum reactive power
Maximum apparent power
MinW
MinVAr
MinVA
Minimum real power
Minimum reactive power
Minimum apparent power
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
Modbus
Start
21023
21025
21027
21029
21031
21033
21037
21039
21041
21043
21045
21049
21053
21055
21057
21059
21061
21063
21065
21067
21069
21071
21073
Modbus
End
21024
21026
21028
21030
21032
21034
21038
21040
21042
21044
21046
21050
21054
21056
21058
21060
21062
21064
21066
21068
21070
21072
21074
MV
MV
MV
21075
21081
21087
21076
21082
21088
MV
MV
MV
21077
21083
21089
21078
21084
21090
MV
MV
MV
21079
21085
21091
21080
21086
21092
MV
MV
21093
21095
21094
21096
BCR
BCR
BCR
BCR
21097
21099
21101
21103
21098
21100
21102
21104
BCR
21105
21106
BCR
21107
21108
BCR
21109
21110
MV
MV
MV
MV
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
INS
INS
INS
21111
21113
21115
21117
21119
21120
21121
21122
21123
21125
21127
21112
21114
21116
21118
Attribute Type
Attribute name Explanation
PhV
Phase to ground voltages, including angles
MMXU - Metering Statistics Average
MMXU - Metering Statistics Maximum
MMXU - Metering Statistics Minimum
ImbNgV
ImbZroV
TotWh
TotVArh
TotVAh
SupWh
SupVArh
DmdWh
DmdVArh
AnIn_1
AnIn_2
AnIn_3
AnIn_4
Ind_1
Ind_2
Ind_3
Ind_4
IntIn_A
IntIn_B
ISCSO
210
MSQI - Sequence and imbalance
Imbalance negative sequence voltage
Imbalance zero sequence voltage
MMTR - Metering
Net Real energy since last reset
Net Reactive energy since last reset
Net Apparent energy since last reset
Real energy supply (default supply direction: energy flow towards busbar)
Reactive energy supply (default supply direction: energy flow towards
busbar)
Real energy demand (default demand direction: energy flow from busbar
away)
Reactive energy demand (default demand direction: energy flow from
busbar away)
GGIO - Generic process I/O
Analog input 1
Analog input 2
Analog input 3
Analog input 4
General indication (input/output) 1
General indication (input/output) 2
General indication (input/output) 3
General indication (input/output) 4
Integer status - Slot A
Integer status - Slot B
Integer status - Alarms
21124
21126
21128
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Attribute name Explanation
Attribute Type Modbus Start Modbus End
GGIO - Commands
Reset
Reset
Output 1
Output 2
Output 3
Output 4
Output A1
Output A2
Output A3
Output A4
Output A5
Output A6
Output A7
Output A8
Energy Counters
Min/Max measurements
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Relay ON/OFF
Hz
HA
MHAI - Harmonics
Basic frequency
Sequence of harmonics current
HPhV
Sequence of harmonics phase to ground voltages
HPPV
Sequence of harmonics phase to phase voltages
HKf
K factor
ThdA
Current total harmonic distortion
ThdPhV
Phase to ground voltage total harmonic distortion
ThdPPV
Phase to phase voltage total harmonic distortion
TddA
Current Total Demand Distortion
HCfA
Current crest factors
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
SPC
41801
41802
41803
41804
41805
41806
41807
41808
41809
41810
41811
41812
41813
41814
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
On=1, Off=0
MV
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HWYE
HDEL
HDEL
HDEL
HDEL
HDEL
HDEL
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
DEL
DEL
DEL
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
WYE
21151
21153
21155
21405
21407
21657
21659
21909
21911
22161
22163
22413
22415
22665
22667
22917
22919
23169
23171
23421
23423
23425
23427
23429
23431
23433
23435
23437
23439
23441
23443
23445
23447
23449
23451
23453
23455
21152
21154
21156
21406
21408
21658
21660
21910
21912
22162
22164
22414
22416
22666
22668
22918
22920
23170
23172
23422
23424
23426
23428
23430
23432
23434
23436
23438
23440
23442
23444
23446
23448
23450
23452
23454
23456
211
APPENDICES
Preconfigured datasets
STATUS
MMXU
AVGMMUX
MAXMMUX
MINMMUX
MMTR
GGIO
MHAI
MSQI
RDRE
Preconfigured reports
Device status
Measurements
Metering Statistics Average
Metering Statistics Maximum
Metering Statistics Minimum
Energy
Inputs and outputs
Imbalances
212
Status dataset
Measurements dataset
Statistics dataset
Statistics dataset
Statistics dataset
Metering dataset
Inputs and outputs dataset
Power quality dataset
Sequence dataset
Recorder dataset
Contains Status dataset (STATUS)
Contains Measurements dataset (MMXU)
Contains Statistics dataset (AVGMMUX)
Contains Statistics dataset (MAXMMUX)
Contains Statistics dataset (MINMMUX)
Contains Metering dataset (MMTR)
Contains Inputs and outputs dataset (GGIO)
Contains Sequence dataset(MSQI)
Power Quality Analyzer iMC784/MC784
APPENDICES
Printed in Slovenia • Subject to change without notice • GB K 22.440.054

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