User manual | Cisco Aironet® 3800 Series

Ways to fail as a Wireless Expert

Steven Heinsius | Product Manager |

Enterprise Networking & Infrastructure Solutions Group

Europe, Middle East, Africa & Russia.

@Steven_Heinsius

BRKEWN-2019

•

Agenda

Introduction

What we are going to do. And Why…

•

The Baseline

Fail #1 Forget about those Channels

Fail #2 Maximum Power!

Fail #3 2.4 GHz is still the most important

Fail #4 Placements

Fail #5 I am secure. (About Authentication & Encryption)

Fail #6 Hype Versus Reality

Fail #7 Of Course I did a Site Survey

Bonus Fail…

Conclusion

Introduction

@Steven_Heinsius

• 3 Years as an End User

•

5 Years as a Partner

• 6 Years as a Distributor

• 5 Years at Cisco

• 11 Years Instructor

• Dad, husband, Runner,

Cook, Mountain biking,

Scuba diving, Snow boarding

Wifi Enthusiast.

What we are going to do, and why.

There’s 7 Ways to Fail

• Learn how

NOT

to #Fail

• It will be educational

• It will be interactive

• It will be fun

BRKEWN-2019

The Base Line

Some of the Basics



How it all began

Standards and characteristics

Challenges in Wi-Fi

How it all began…

1999

1 or 2

2005

…

2007

150!

2010 2013

> 200

2016

Hotspot

System

Management

5 or 10

Scalable

Performance

802.11n

Self Healing &

Optimizing

HS2.0

HDX

802.11ac

Wave2

> 300 !

The basics

L1 & L2

Frequency & Channels

Modulation

Bandwidth & Data Rate

Bandwidth & Data rate

802.11

g n a b ac

Frequency

5 GHz

2.4 GHz

2.4 GHz & 5 GHz

5 GHz

Data rate

54 Mbps

11 Mbps

54 Mbps

(min) 65,

150, 300, 450,

(max) 600 Mbps

867 Mbps

1.3 Gbps,

1.7 Gbps *

3.5 Gbps *

6.9 Gbps *

Channels

2.4 GHz & 5 GHz

Rules apply.

24*

37**

Channels ‘usable’

2.4 GHz & 5 GHz

Rules apply.

24*

37**

* = 802.11ac Wave 2

** = 802.11ac Wave 2 (US)

Modulation

Dynamic Rate Shifting (DRS) & Modulation

64-QAM 2/3

(given 2 spatial streams, 20 MHz channels & 400 MS GI)

16-QAM 1/2

64-QAM 5/6

144.4 Mbps

(MCS 15)

QPSK 1/2

130.3 Mbps

(MCS 14)

115.6 Mbps

(MCS 13)

86.7 Mbps

(MCS 12)

57.8 Mbps

(MCS 11)

43.3 Mbps

(MCS 10)

28.9 Mbps

(MCS 9)

64-QAM 3/4

QPSK 3/4

16-QAM 3/4

Modulation

AWESOME!

Got It?

What happens in the air?

shadowing reflection refraction scattering diffraction

Challenges in Wi-Fi

•

Slow

•

Can’t connect

•

Can’t roam

• Not secure

• BYOD

•

Guest networks

•

Coverage

• Interference

•

Changing environments

• Internet of Things

• 99.999% of availability

•

Primary access method

Alright!

So we have the basics

Time to look at some Fails!

Fail #1

“Forget those Channels”

Fail #1:

Incorrect Usage of Channels

Installations went wrong…

So what’s wrong?

Accessing the Medium: EDCA & CSMA/CA

Data received milliseconds

(ACK)

I will transmit for 570 milliseconds

(Set timers)

Transmitting Data

I want to transmit

Data on the network

(CCA)

Channel reuse scheme in the Network

Neighboring APs use different channels to reduce interference.

On 2.4 GHz, the “Reuse cluster” size is equal to 3 On 5 GHz, the “Reuse cluster” size varies depending on channel width:

Access

Point

2.4-GHz Network Design

 Conclusion: try to design small cells, with clever overlap…

Channel best practices

Channel Best Practices

 Only 1, 6 and 11 on 2.4

 Use 5 GHz as much as possible

 Lower 8 channels for Voice environments (36

– 64)

 Enable the DCA

 Enable Dynamic Bandwidth Selection

 Use the RRM algorithms.



Don’t use ‘Maximum Power’….

Fail #2

“Maximum Power!”

I use Maximum Power because…



I need less Access Points

I’m designing for Coverage

My Site survey tool says ‘all green’

It’s the default…

Fail#2

“Putting your AP’s on Maximum Power”

Maximum Power (20dBm / 100mw) is a bad idea…



Co Channel Interference (CCI)

Clients are not Maximum Power

(typically 14 dBm

, which is a Quarter… (25mw))

Reduced ‘fault tolerance’

So what’s wrong?

Co Channel Interference & Adjacent Channel Interference

The biggest sources of Interference are… your own Access Points…

Clients are not Maximum Power

I TALK TO MY CLIENTS VERY

LOUD…. SO I’m PRETTY

SURE THEY CAN HEAR ME!!!

20 dBm = 100 mw

Yes dear

Access Point,

I got your message.

Can you hear me?

Yes dear

Access Point,

I got your message.

Can you hear me?

(RETRY)

14 dBm = 25 mw

Yes dear

Access Point,

I got your message.

Can you hear me?

(RETRY)

Reduced Fault Tolerance

.

R adio R esource M anagement needs to scale power up and down to help in cases of Coverage holes

If already at Max Power…

nothing to scale…

What’s

RRM

• DCA

—Dynamic Channel Assignment

•

• TPC

—Transmit Power Control

CHDM

—Coverage Hole Detection and Mitigation

For more info: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk722/tk809/technologies_tech_note09186a008072c759.shtml

Power best practices



NOT

use 100% power



USE the RRM with the max set to 17dBm and min 5dBm



Enable Event Driven RRM (EDRRM) with Rogue Contribution.



Keep Rogue Duty cycle to max 80%.



Create Smaller cells

RRM best practices

RRM settings to auto for most deployments

(High Density is a special case)

Design for most radios set at mid power level (level 3 for example)

RRM

does NOT

replace the site survey and doesn’t create spectrum

Fail #3

“2.4 GHz is still the most important”

2.4 GHz is still the most important

Plain and simple…

“NO"

Fail #3

Only designing for 2.4 is NOT how to do it…

•

Design your network for 5GHz

All those access points are

They will support

Dual Radio your 2.4 GHz clients

Band Steering / Band Select to push clients to the 5 GHz band

All developments are on the 5GHz band.

Not on 2.4 GHz . (Not enough channels, too much interference, too much ‘other devices’.

“I will no longer

single radio devices

Buy or Sell

…"

2.4 GHz Best Practices

best practices

 Design your network for

5 GHz .

 If possible take out 2.4

GHz entirely

 Don’t buy ‘Single Radio AP’s'



Don’t buy ‘Single Radio Clients'

 See if you have legacy clients that you can migrate

Fail #4

“Placements”

Placements. Really? Does it matter?

Source: www.bad-fi.com

Fail #4

Placing your Access Points… wrong…

Wrong installations?

So what’s wrong?

Integrated Antenna?

External Antenna?

Carpeted areas Rugged areas

Integrated antenna versions are designed for mounting on a ceiling (carpeted areas) where aesthetics is a primary concern

Use for industrial applications where external or directional antennas are desired and or applications requiring higher temperature ranges

Well done!

Not so well done…

Source: www.bad-fi.com

Wall mounting AP-1260, 3500e, 3600e, & 3700e

Orientation of the Dipoles if Wall Mounting

Note: The ceiling is usually higher and a better location for

RF.

If using advanced features like location or voice try to locate the AP on the ceiling, or when mounting the AP on a wall orient the dipoles in this configuration .

Because dipoles on a wall can easily get orientated wrong as people touch and move them. Better still might be to use a Patch antenna or use the Oberon wall bracket. Be aware walls can add directional properties to the signal as they can have wiring, metal 2x4 construction and the wall attenuates the signal behind the AP limiting a nice 360 degree coverage.

Wall Mounting AP-1260e, 3500e, 3600e and 3700e

Orientation of the Dipoles if Wall Mounting

Dipoles pointing UP or Down are in vertical polarity

This is ideal for uniform coverage.

Dipoles pointing sideways are in horizontal polarity

Note: Cisco recommends transmitting antennas use vertical polarity

Not like this…

Source: www.bad-fi.com

Placement Best Practices

Placement & Positioning best practices

 AP

Horizontal (vertical Polarization)

 Below obstructions

 Minimal one meter (3ft) away from obstructions (Fresnel zone)

 The correct antennae, only 1 type of antenna

 Access Points minimal three meter (10ft) away from each other

 Not too high

(after 4 meter (14ft) high special implementations)

 Don’t put behind a metal cage

 Use

Outdoor

AP’s for

Outdoor

Coverage…

Fail #5

“I am secure”

About Encryption & Authentication

Source: wigle.net

Fail #5

Not enough attention for Security…

Security Best Practices

Security best practices

 WPA2 is the bare minimum

(with CCMP. Don’t use TKIP)

 WPA2 Personal (

PSK

) is for… personal

 WPA2 Enterprise (802.1X) for businesses

 Use Role Based Access (

RBA ) with for instance ISE.

 Use a Wireless Intrusion Preventions ( wIP S) solution

 Use

VPN on Public Wireless Connections

Fail #6

“Hype versus Reality”

Expectations versus Reality

…

But in reality...

Fail #6

We want those big shiny numbers… but how real is it?

The Wi-Fi ecosystem is mainly based on cooperation between three main stakeholders

Standards

Standards

Certification

Standards

Vendors

Standards

Industry adoption My favourite vendor 

Cisco innovates, and then contributes its innovations into the standards process

Cisco feeds tested features back into standards

Standards group

•

Defines complex, featurerich technical standards for PHY & MAC

Industry association

•

Specifies subsets of IEEE standards

•

Undertakes limited compatibility testing

•

Supports industry-wide branding and communications

Cisco

•

Adds differentiating features based on standards, but often before standards

• Markets Cisco’s wireless products

“Feature bloat” “Minimal features”

• Sells & supports Cisco’s wireless products

“Differentiated features”

802.11ac is here!!

80 MHz channel

But it comes with a price

BRKEWN-2019

High Signal at the client for 256QAM

Wave 2 is here

…

Wave 2 is about:

160 MHz wide channels

> 4 Spatial Streams

Multi-User-MIMO (MU-MIMO)

802.11

1997

Wi-Fi Connectivity

Speed Timeline

Gigabit Wi-Fi As Primary Access

802.11b

1999

802.11a/g

2003

450

300

802.11n

2007

1300*

870*

290*

802.11ac

Wave 1

2013

3500**

2340**

1730**

5260**

3500**

Spatial

Stream s

Spatial

Streams

Spatial

Stream

4SS

3SS

2SS

1SS

Desktops / Infra

Desktops / Laptops

Laptops / Tablets

Tablets / Smartphones

= Connect Rates (Mbps)

600*

Spatial

Stream

290*

*Assuming 80 MHz channel is available and suitable

**Assuming 160 MHz channel is available and suitable

802.11ac

Wave 2

Dual

5GHz

2015

BRKEWN-2019

2016

160 MHz wide Channels!

the solution to our bandwidth problems?

5 GHz 20/40/80/160 MHz Channels

Existing Channel New Channel

160

Europe

160

India

160

UNII-1 UNII-2

NEW!

UNII-2

NEW!

China

5250

MHz

5350

MHz

5470

MHz

UNII-3 NEW!

5725

MHz

5825

MHz

5925

MHz

802.11ac can plausibly operate at up to ~3.5Gb/s (@PHY) or ~2.5Gb/s (@MAC)

MCS (QAMr5/6) 80 MHz

PHY rate

Spatial streams

Easy

290

330

650

980

Plausible

256

430

870

1300

1700

3500

Fantasy

160 MHz

PHY rate

Spatial streams

MCS (QAMr5/6)

650

1300

2000

2700 and 3700 max data rate

1850 max data rate

2800 / 3800 single radio max

256

870

1700

2600

3500

6900

MU-MIMO

Supported initially for max 3 x 1 SS

(single spatial stream) clients

MU-MIMO

– The solution to all our problems?

•

The benefit of MU-MIMO is not as straight forward as it may seem.

moving from a hub to a switch-like process on one direction only

•

MU-MIMO performance improvements relies on numerous and often dynamic factors:

Client mixture and spatial stream support

Client distance and location

Number of clients

Client data rates

• Further detailed information from Cisco Technical Leader, Matt Silverman in this great video: http://techfieldday.com/video/cisco-mu-mimo-deep-dive/

802.11ac Wave 2: what to do?

Some Facts:

 Wave 2 adds 3 main features:

4 Spatial Streams

– will be only be present in very high-end laptops

Multi User MIMO ( MU-MIMO ) see the reality check in previous slides

160 MHz channel

–

Difficult to use in Enterprise, esp in Europe

…

 Wave1 clients cannot leverage Wave2 enhancements!

 Wave 2 clients will be a significant % on the network end of 2016

The World’s Most Versatile Access Points

All The Benefits of 802.11ac Wave 2 +

a lot more

Highest Wi-Fi Performance Ever Better End Device Efficiency

Wave 2

Higher

Data Rate

Wider

Channels

Simultaneous

Data Delivery

Better

Battery Life

Cisco Aironet 2800

Cisco Aironet 3800

Plus Cisco Innovations for High Density Environments

Self-Optimizing Network Optimized Mobile User Experience

New

Flexible Radio

Assignment

Improved

CleanAir

New

Zero

Impact AVC

New

Multi-Gigabit

Uplinks

Flexible Dynamic

Frequency Selection

Improved

Modularity

New

Improved

ClientLink

Smart

Antenna

Connector

Turbo

Performance

Improved

Optimized

Enhanced Location*

Roaming

*Near Future

Cisco Aironet Indoor Access Points Portfolio

Industry’s Best 802.11ac Series Access Points

Enterprise Class

Mission Critical

Best in Class

1810w

• 2x2:2SS 80 MHz; 867 Mbps

• Tx Beam Forming

• 1 GE Port uplink

• 3 GE Local Ports, including 1

PoE out

• Local ports 802.1x ready

• Integrated BLE Gateway*

OEAP1810

• 2x2:2SS 80 MHz; 867 Mbps

• 3 GE Local Ports downlink, including 1 PoE out

• One or Two Local Ports can be tunneled back to corporate

1830

• 3x3:2SS 80MHz; 867Mbps

• Spectrum Analysis*

• Internal antenna

• Tx Beam Forming

• 1 GE Port

• USB 2.0

• Centralized, FlexConnect and Mobility Express

1850

• 4x4:3SS 80Mhz; 1.7 Gbps

• Spectrum Analysis*

• Internal or External antenna

• Tx Beam Forming

• 2 GE Ports

• USB 2.0

• Centralized, FlexConnect and Mobility Express

2800

• 4x4:3SS 160 MHz; 5

Gbps

• 2.4, 5GHz or Dual 5GHz

• 2 GE Ports

• Internal or External antenna

• Smart Antenna Connector

• Enhanced Location*

(External Antenna)

• CleanAir 160MHz

• ClientLink 4.0

• USB 2.0

• Centralized, FlexConnect and Mobility Express*

3800

• 4x4:3SS 160 MHz; 5 Gbps

• 2.4, 5GHz or Dual 5GHz

• 2 GE or 1 GE + 1 mGig

(5G)

• Internal or External antenna

• Smart Antenna Connector

• Enhanced Location*

(External Antenna)

• CleanAir 160 MHz

• ClientLink 4.0

• Stadium Vision

• USB 2.0

• Modularity

• Centralized, FlexConnect and Mobility Express*

*Post-FCS

Hype vs Reality

Best Practices

Hype versus reality best practices

 Transition to 802.11ac as part of your normal upgrade cycle

 Upgrade to the best Access Points that fit your need

 Look at Cisco’s “value add features” that go on top of Wave 2

Industry best Wi-Fi with

HDX (high density) features

HDX = CleanAir, ClientLink, ATF, Optimized Roaming, FlexDFS and so on …

Our 2700 & 3700 already outperform the Wave 2 AP’s for competitors.

New 2800 & 3800 are Wave 2, and add those HDX features

Maximum flexibility

Adaptive radio band and mode of operation with Dynamic Bandwidth Selection (DBS)

Location Based Services with Wi-Fi based angle of arrival

Industry leadership with Nbase-T (mGig)

 Mobility Express for smaller deployments (<25 AP’s) on board controller

Fail #7

“Of course I did a Site Survey”

Fail #7

There’s no Site Survey… or there’s no Good Site Survey

Survey Phase

Predictive site surveys

(network plan, simulation)

Pre-Deployment site surveys

(AP on a stick)

Post-Deployment site surveys

(validation)

Periodic site surveys

(health check)

Question

“How many APs? Where?

What Power? Channels? Antennas”?

“What does the real world RF look like”

“Does this network actually work?”

“Does it still work? What has changed?”

Survey Type The process

Interference

Spectrum Survey

Always!

While walking, collect Wi-Fi energy data from a spectrum analyzer

Passive Survey

Connectivity

Walk around, collect beacons and probes, measure things like Signal strength,

Interference, SNR for all APs.

Active Survey

Performance

While walking, stay connected to the network, test things like packet loss, RTT, association

Throughput Survey

Measure throughput (Mbit/s, # of packets) and jitter, often spot checks

Result

Understand interference:

Spectrum utilization, spectrum over time, …

SNR, RSSI, interference heatmaps for all APs

Heatmaps and deeper analysis like roaming, …

Momentary capacity analysis, voice analysis

Survey Happiness Scale

• No surveys

Jim Carrey Paris Hilton

• Post-deployment validation

• Predictive

• AP on a stick

Use an external adapter for passive surveys!

Fairly accurate readings

Standardized measurements

Integrated adapter does active simultaneously

100

Multiple adapters = faster scanning

Examples:

1. One adapter for 2.4, one for low 5, one for high 5

2. All adapters for all channels

= failover redundancy

101

How fast can I walk?

• 1 adapter = Walking

• 2 adapters = Fast walk / run

•

3 adapters =

102

Make sure you know what you see…

Cause not everything is what it seems…

And make sure you survey everywhere…

I mean.. Everywhere!

103

Predictive Site Survey

•

A Predictive Site Survey is not a Site Survey.

•

It’s a

Design . But no On Site knowledge.

•

You can’t see interference

No problem area’s.

And can’t see "What’s there…"

Active Site Survey

•

Connected to an AP

•

Can be an ‘AP on a Stick’

Surveying

…

Some common practices..

(or mistakes...)

106

BRKEWN-2019

Survey only the Channels you will use

Walk slow enough for your Scanning period (default 250 ms)

If you want to scan both 2.4 AND 5 GHz in one walk

… you have to walk Really slow.....

Really slow...

Better do two scan walks.

1x 2.4 GHz & 1x 5 GHz.

107

Survey on both sides of Objects

And cover

Everything!

Yes

… it was a 5 KM walk...

109

Spectrum Analysis (L1 troubleshooting)

•

What’s going on in the Spectrum

•

There’s a lot more then Wi-Fi

•

Your CleanAir AP can be used for this

110

Wireless Troubleshooting, packet capturing (L2)

•

AirPCap card (Riverbed)

•

Wireshark is your friend

•

For mac… ‘Airtool’

(by the great Adrian Granados)

111

Site Survey best practices

For the best results

…

•

You need all Four…

Predictive

Passive

Active

Post Installation Survey

•

You need a design before you begin

You need an On Site survey before you begin, preferable with Spectrum

You need an On Site Survey After the installation to see if your design is met.

You need a Spectrum analysis to see what interference is there after install

You need the Post Installation to check if what you designed is actually there

113

BONUS FAIL

“Certifications are over rated…”

A Certificate shows that you know your stuff

And really…

Wireless is a specialty!

115

So begin

Take the time to learn and understand

802.11

116

Because we need it…

117

Get Certified

Cisco:

CCNA and then CCNA Wireless

If you want more knowledge

CCNP Wireless

If you want to be a legend…

CCIE

118

If you want to be vendor independent

119

#7WTF

Checklist

In closure

You have learned 7 things to look at

* When you

are

an expert

* When you

hire

an expert

For your reference I’ve captured them in a Checklist.

(reach out on Twitter @Steven_Heinsius for the Checklist).

121

Remember

…

122

But if you search…

Thank you

Complete Your Online Session Evaluation

• Give us your feedback to be entered into a Daily Survey

Drawing. A daily winner will receive a $750 Amazon gift card.

• Complete your session surveys through the Cisco Live mobile app or from the Session Catalog on CiscoLive.com/us .

Don’t forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available for viewing on-demand after the event at

CiscoLive.com/Online

125

Continue Your Education

• Demos in the Cisco campus

•

Walk-in Self-Paced Labs

• Lunch & Learn

• Meet the Engineer 1:1 meetings

126

Best Practices

Channel Coverage Sizing

Coverage must be designed for your

Client Devices

•

Not all clients are created equal !!

Live call test with the actual client to determine its coverage

•

Removing legacy DSSS data rates

and slower OFDM data rates :

Less Co-Channel Interference

Better throughput in the cell

More usage of ClientLink and MRC

Smaller coverage cells

•

Smaller Coverage Cell Sizes equals:

More cells in a given coverage area

More cells equals more call with better voice and video quality

128

Best Practices

•

Define Coverage Requirements

Before performing the survey, establish the minimum signal strength , minimum SNR, and desired AP coverage overlap requirements the network design must meet in all locations. Recommended values are a minimum -67 dBm RSSI, minimum 25 dB SNR, and 10-20 feet of overlap at these signal levels between APs. These values can be carried over from a predictive site survey, if performed.

•

Survey Both Frequency Bands

Perform the survey primarily on the 5 GHz frequency band to determine optimal AP placement, cell overlap, and co-channel separation. Use the 5 GHz band because at shorter distances between APs, which is typical in high-density environments, the coverage is nearly identical to the 2.4 GHz band. However, 5 GHz signals typically suffer greater attenuation through most RF obstructions and require adequate measurements to ensure sufficient coverage and capacity (no coverage holes!). The survey must also include signal measurements on the 2.4 GHz frequency band

129

Best Practices

•

Channel Scanning

When performing a passive site survey , configure the survey software to scan only the channels that the production WLAN will be using.

The number of channels scanned can affect the accuracy of the sampled data. If you select too many channels, it can take a significant amount of time for the survey software to scan all of them.

If you spend an insufficient amount of time at every physical location, then the sampled data will not accurately reflect the location where you recorded it.

Monitor the survey software to ensure that you scan all the channels at every sampling location.

If performing auto-sampling, also ensure that your walking pace allows sufficient time to scan all channels between each sampling location

130

Best Practices

•

Collect Sufficient Data Points

Related to the signal propagation assessment value, be sure to collect enough data points throughout the coverage area during the site survey. Collect them at distances that match the signal propagation assessment value, typically every 10-20 feet (3-6 meters).

•

Survey Both Sides of RF Obstructions

For site survey measurements to reflect the signal attenuation characteristics of an RF obstruction accurately, it is necessary to survey on both sides of the object . For example, how much coverage and interference will an AP mounted outside an auditorium provide inside the auditorium?

•

Access Point Hardware

Use the exact access point models, antennas, and accessories that will be installed in the production WLAN to ensure accurate measurements of signal propagation and performance characteristics. Access points should be placed in the correct locations, and at the appropriate height and orientation at which they will be used in production.

131

Best Practices

Know Your Noise Floor

• RSSI vs. SNR

• Clients have varying sensitivity to noise

• Get a feel for your noise floor during peak usage

–

Packet captures with a NIC that you trust (MacBook Pro, etc.)

–

Fluke AirCheck

–

Spectrum Expert

–

Metageek Chanalyzer for Clean Air

Sample receiver sensitivity table for CB21AG NIC

Sample sensitivity table for MCS rates

Data is intended to be an example only.

Rx sensitivity capabilities will vary based upon the receiver in use.

132

Best Practices

Every SSID Counts!

•

Each SSID requires a separate Beacon

•

Each SSID will advertise at the minimum mandatory data rate

•

Disabled

– not available to a client

•

Supported

– available to an associated client

•

Mandatory

– Client must support in order to associate

•

Lowest mandatory rate is beacon rate

•

Highest mandatory rate is default Mcast rate

133

Best Practices

Every SSID Counts!

• Disable low, unused rates (802.11b)

• Let RRM control channel and power levels

• If you can, use ClientLink and BandSelect:

•

BandSelect to push 5 GHz-able to the 5 GHz band

ClientLink to provide better throughput for 802.11a/g/n clients

134

Received Signal Strength Indication

• Best indicator of wireless performance

• Can be measured by various utilities and site survey software

•

Measured in dBm

•

Usable range typically from -60 to -80 dBm

-55 dBm or greater is exceptional signal strength

-65 dBm for the highest data rate is supported

-85 dBm is poor signal strength

135

Reminders

•

Every site is unique, do not assume two installations would be the same

•

Think of the AP coverage area as a “reading light” you want to illuminate where the devices will be.

• Use the appropriated equipment for the need: e.g. 3600i/3700i for carpeted areas, 3600e/3700e for specific application,

antenna orientations

• Validate that the coverage is as expected

after installation

136

New

Next-Generation Wave 2 802.11ac Access Points

•

Industry leading 4x4 MIMO:3 spatial streams (SS)

Wave 2 802.11ac access points

•

Dual radio, 802.11ac Wave 2, 160 MHz

•

2 x 5 GHz: 4x4: 3SS supporting

- SU-MIMO / MU-MIMO

- Flexible Radio Assignment: 2.4GHz, 5GHz, Wireless Security

Module, or Wireless Service Assurance

•

2 x Gigabit Ethernet

•

HDX Technology

•

USB 2.0

•

Internal and external antenna models

Cisco Aironet

2800 Series

Gigabit Wi-Fi has fully arrived.

* Planning

138

BRKEWN-2019

New

Next-Generation Wave 2 802.11ac Access Points

Cisco Aironet

3800 Series

•

Industry leading 4x4 MIMO:3 spatial streams (SS)

Wave 2 802.11ac access points

•

Dual radio, 802.11ac Wave 2, 160 MHz

•

2 x 5 GHz: 4x4: 3SS supporting

- SU-MIMO / MU-MIMO

- Flexible Radio Assignment: 2.4GHz, Dual-5GHz, Wireless

Security Module, or Wireless Service Assurance

•

Gigabit Ethernet and multi-Gigabit Ethernet (1G,

2.5G, 5G)

•

HDX Technology

•

USB 2.0

•

Internal and external antenna models

•

Modularity: Side Mount Modular

Gigabit Wi-Fi has fully arrived.

* Planning

139

BRKEWN-2019

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