OMICRON CT Analyzer User Manual

CT Analyzer

User Manual

CT Analyzer User Manual

2

Article Number: VESD0605 - Manual Version: CTAnalyzerUM.AE.1

© OMICRON electronics GmbH 2010. All rights reserved.

This manual is a publication of OMICRON electronics GmbH.

All rights including translation reserved. Reproduction of any kind, for example, photocopying, microfilming, optical character recognition and/or storage in electronic data processing systems, requires the explicit consent of OMICRON electronics GmbH. Reprinting, wholly or in part, is not permitted.

The product information, specifications, and technical data embodied in this manual represent the technical status at the time of writing and are subject to change without prior notice.

We have done our best to ensure that the information given in this manual is useful, accurate and entirely reliable. However, OMICRON electronics GmbH does not assume responsibility for any inaccuracies which may be present.

The user is responsible for every application that makes use of an OMICRON product.

OMICRON electronics GmbH translates this manual from the source language English into a number of other languages. Any translation of this manual is done for local requirements, and in the event of a dispute between the English and a non-English version, the English version of this manual shall govern.

Contents

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Using This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Operator Qualifications and Safety Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Conventions and Symbols Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Safety Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Orderly Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Safe Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1 Introduction and Designated Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2 License-Depending Functional Scope. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

3 Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

3.1

Functional Components of the CT Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.1.1

Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.1.2

Mains Connection Unit and Grounding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.1.3

Compact Flash Card Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.1.4

Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.1.5

I/0 Key with Status LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.1.6

Display with Soft Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.1.7

Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4 Connecting the CT Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

4.1

Basic Wiring for a Burden Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

4.2

Basic Wiring for Primary Resistance Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

4.3

Basic Wiring for a CT Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4.4

4 Wire Measurement vs. 2 Wire Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

4.5

Noise Reduction Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

4.6

Measurement on a Gapped Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

4.7

Excitation Curve Measurement for an Unwound Iron Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.8

VT Ratio Measurement Using QuickTest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

4.9

VT Winding Resistance Measurement Using QuickTest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3

4


5 Short Guide for CT Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5.1

How to Run a Test with the CT Analyzer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5.2

Using the Guesser Function of the CT Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

6 Operating the CT Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

6.1

General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

6.1.1

Working in the User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

6.1.2

The Main Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

6.1.3

New CT-Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6.1.4

New MR-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6.1.5

New Quick-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6.1.6

File Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

6.1.7

Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

6.1.8

Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

6.2

CT Analyzer Help System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

6.3

Operating the CT Analyzer from a Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

7 The CT Analyzer Test Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

7.1

Overview of Test Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

7.2

CT-Object Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

7.2.1

Available Soft Keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

7.2.2

Information Fields to be Filled by the User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

7.2.3

Parameters and Settings Used or Determined by the Test Process . . . . . . . . 64

7.3

Burden Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

7.3.1

Test Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

7.3.2

Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

7.3.3

Connecting the Burden and Running the Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

7.4

Residual Magnetism Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

7.4.1

Test Settings and Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

7.5

Resistance Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

7.5.1

Primary Winding Resistance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

7.5.2

Secondary Winding Resistance Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

7.5.3

Test Settings and Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

7.6

Excitation Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

7.6.1


7.6.2

Test Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

7.6.3

Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

7.6.4

Excitation Graph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

7.6.5

Accuracy Limiting Error Graph* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Contents

7.7

Ratio Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

7.7.1


7.7.2

Test Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

7.7.3

Test Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

7.7.4

Ratio Table and Phase Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

7.8

Assessment Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

7.8.1

Assessed Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

7.9

Comment Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

8 CT Testing Using the Guesser Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

8.1

Connecting the CT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

8.2

Preparing the Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

8.3

Running the Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

8.4

After the Test is Finished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

9 Using the Quick Test Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

9.1

Safety Notes and Notes for Using Quick Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

9.2

Introduction to Quick Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

9.3

Performing Measurements with Quick Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

9.4

Advanced Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

9.5

CT Ratio Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

9.6

VT Ratio Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

9.7

Resistance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

9.8

Impedance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

9.9

Reactance Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

10 CT Analyzer PC Toolset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

10.1 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

10.2 Installing the CT Analyzer PC Toolset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

10.3 The CTA Start Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

11 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

11.1 Mains Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

11.2 Generator Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

11.3 Measurement Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

11.4 Winding Resistance Measurement Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

11.5 Ratio and Phase Measurement Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

11.6 Compact Flash Card Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

5

6


11.7 Remote Control Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

11.8 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

11.8.1 Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

11.8.2 Shock and Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

11.8.3 Mechanical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

11.8.4 Safety Standards, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

12 User Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

12.1 Care and Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

12.2 Replacing Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

12.3 Calibrating the CT Analyzer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

13 Scope of Delivery, Accessories, Available Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

14 Error and Warning Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Contact Information / Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Preface

Preface

Using This Manual

This User Manual provides information on how to use the CT Analyzer. The CT

Analyzer User Manual contains important safety instructions for working with the

CT Analyzer and gets you familiar with operating the CT Analyzer. Read and

observe the safety rules described in "Safety Rules" on page 9 and all relevant

installation and operation instructions. Following the instructions in this User

Manual will help you to prevent danger, repair costs, and avoid possible down time due to incorrect operation.

The CT Analyzer User Manual always has to be available at the site where the

CT Analyzer is used. It must be read and observed by all users of the

CT Analyzer. Reading the CT Analyzer User Manual alone does not release you from the duty to comply with all relevant national and international safety regulations.

Operator Qualifications and Safety Standards

Working on the high-voltage power equipment can be extremely dangerous.

Testing with the CT Analyzer should only be carried out by authorized and qualified personnel. Before starting to work, clearly establish the responsibilities.

Personnel receiving training, instruction, direction, or education on the

CT Analyzer should remain under the constant supervision of an experienced operator while working with the equipment.

The operator is responsible for the observance of all applicable safety requirements during the entire test. When performing tests in high-voltage areas, pay attention to the national and international standards for safe operation of high-voltage test equipment (EN 50191, IEEE 510, and others).

Moreover, observe all applicable regulations for accident prevention in the country and at the site of operation.

7

8


Conventions and Symbols Used

In this manual, the following symbols indicate paragraphs with special safety relevant meaning:

Symbol Description

Caution: Equipment damage or loss of data possible

Warning: Personal injury or severe damage to objects possible

Related Documents

The following documents complete the information covered in the CT Analyzer

User Manual:

Title Description

CT Analyzer Reference Manual Contains detailed information about the

CT Analyzer as well as theoretical backgrounds and normative definitions.

CT SB2 User Manual Contains information how to use and operate the optional CT SB2 switch box for multi-ratio CT measurement with the

CT Analyzer as well as safety instructions for working with the CT SB2.

Help System for

CT Analyzer PC Toolset

Contains detailed information about the software tools provided with the

CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

Safety Rules

Safety Rules

Before operating the CT Analyzer, read the instructions in this section carefully.

If you do not understand some safety rules, contact OMICRON electronics

GmbH before proceeding. When working with the CT Analyzer, observe the following safety rules.

Maintenance and repair is only permitted by qualified experts either at the factory or certified external repair centers.

General

Always observe the five safety rules:

• Disconnect completely

• Secure from reconnection

• Verify that the installation is dead

• Carry out grounding and short-circuiting

• Provide protection against adjacent live parts

Do not touch any terminals without a visible connection to ground.

Make sure to position the test equipment on dry, solid ground.

If working in other than laboratory environment only use the CT Analyzer with a solid connection to ground of at least 6 mm

2

. Use a ground point as close as possible to the test object.

Do not open the CT Analyzer. Opening the CT Analyzer invalidates all warranty claims.

Do not repair, modify, extend, or adapt the CT Analyzer or any accessories.

Use only original accessories available from OMICRON electronics GmbH.

Use the CT Analyzer and its accessories only in a technically sound condition and when its use is in accordance with the safety regulations for the specific job site and application.

Orderly Measures

The CT Analyzer User Manual or the e-book version of the manual has always to be available on the site where the CT Analyzer is being used. All users of the

CT Analyzer must read and observe the safety rules described in this section and all relevant installation and operation instructions.

9

10


The CT Analyzer may be used only as described in this User Manual. Any other use is not in accordance with the regulations. The manufacturer and the distributor are not liable for damage resulting from improper usage. The user alone assumes all responsibility and risk.

Full compliance with the regulations also includes following the instructions provided in this User Manual.

Power Supply

Supply the CT Analyzer only from a power outlet that is equipped with protective ground (PE).

Instead of supplying the CT Analyzer from phase-neutral (L1-N, A-N), it may also be supplied from phase-phase (e.g. L1-L2, A-B). However, the nominal voltage must not exceed 240 V

AC

.

If there is a problem with the PE (protective earth) connection or if the mains power supply has no galvanic connection to earth, the CT Analyzer displays the error message 901. If you ignore this error message, it is possible to use the device but safety is no longer given!

Warning: When working without a proper PE connection, lethal voltages can occur at the housing and all inputs/outputs.

If you decide to work without proper PE connection you take the risk to become mortally shocked or to destroy the CT Analyzer due to high common mode voltages on the mains input. Make sure to connect at least the equipotential terminal of the CT Analyzer to PE.

Caution: If the mains supply does not have proper galvanic connection to PE, voltages higher than the CT Analyzer is built for can occur between mains and other potential groups of the device. These voltages can possibly destroy the device.

Safe Operation

• Always be aware of the danger of the high voltages and currents associated with this equipment. Pay attention to the information provided in this user manual.

• When disconnecting cables, always start at the device feeding the power.

• Never connect or disconnect a test object while the outputs are active. Lethal voltages can occur due to the high energy stored in external inductors.

Safety Rules

• During the test always connect one terminal of the transformer’s primary side to protective earth.

• Do not insert objects (e.g. screwdrivers, etc.) into the ventilation slots or any input/output sockets.

• Before putting the CT Analyzer into operation, check the test set for visible damages.

• Do not operate the CT Analyzer under wet or moist conditions

(condensation).

• Do not operate the CT Analyzer when explosive gas or vapors are present.

• When taking the CT Analyzer into operation, make sure that the air slots, the power switch and the power supply plug at the test set are not obstructed.

• Voltages of up to 400 V can occur inside the CT Analyzer! Therefore, only qualified personnel at the manufacturer’s facilities is permitted to open the

CT Analyzer.

• If the CT Analyzer seems to be functioning improperly, please call the

OMICRON electronics GmbH Hotline (refer to chapter "Contact Information

/ Technical Support" on page 149).

• For protection against parasitic currents or voltages, always connect the

equipotential connector on the CT Analyzer’s side panel (see section 3.1.2 on page 18) to protective ground (PE). Only use the original cable set

supplied by OMICRON electronics GmbH.

• Make sure that the terminals of the test object to be connected to the

CT Analyzer do not carry any voltage potential. During a test, the

CT Analyzer is the only permitted power source for the test object.

• Never connect or disconnect a test object while the outputs are active. Even if you switched off the CT Analyzer, wait until all LED lights are fully extinguished. As long as an LED lights or the display is on, there may still be voltage and/or current potential on one or more of the CT Analyzer outputs.

• Only use wires with 4 mm safety "banana" connectors and plastic housing for connection to the front panel input/output sockets.

• Do not stand right next to or directly underneath a connection point because the clamps may fall off and touch you.

• Flashing lights on the front panel indicate that the CT Analyzer output is active and hazardous voltages can be present on the input or output terminals.

• If the CT Analyzer or any add-on device or accessory does not seem to function properly, do not use it anymore. Please call the OMICRON electronics GmbH hotline.

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12


Warning: When measuring the ratio of transformers make sure that the test voltage is connected to the corresponding secondary winding, and the primary winding is connected to the according measurement input. Accidentally mixing up the windings can cause life-threatening voltages within the transformer and/or destroy the connected CT or the CT Analyzer!

Warning: For VT ratio measurement using the Quick Test feature, the

CT Analyzer output has to be connected to the primary side of the VT.

Connecting the CT Analyzer output to the secondary side of the VT by mistake may cause hazardous voltages on the primary side!

Disclaimer

The CT Analyzer is intended exclusively for the applications described in

chapter 1 on page 13. Any other use is deemed not to be according to the

regulations.

If the CT Analyzer is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the CT Analyzer may be impaired.

The manufacturer and the distributor are not liable for damage resulting from improper usage. The user alone assumes all responsibility and risk.

1

Introduction and Designated Use

Introduction and Designated Use

The CT Analyzer is intended to perform automatic testing and calibration of low leakage flux current transformers (i.e., CTs with non-gapped cores) in laboratories as well as on-site in utilities. Testing of CTs with gapped cores is also possible with restricted accuracy. The following tests can be performed using the CT Analyzer:

• Burden measurement

• Residual magnetism measurement of CTs

• CT winding resistance measurement

• CT excitation characteristic measurement according to IEC 60044-1,

IEC 60044-6 (TPS, TPX, TPY, TPZ) and IEEE C57.13.

• CT ratio measurement with consideration of a connected burden

• CT phase and polarity measurement

• Determination of accuracy limiting factor, instrument security factor, secondary time constant, symmetrical short-circuit current factor, transient dimensioning factor, remanence factor, knee point voltage/current, class, saturated inductance and non-saturated inductance.

Using the Quick Test feature it is also possible to use the CT Analyzer as a versatile multimeter with included power source, e.g. for:

• Quick and easy resistance measurement, e.g. for wiring checks on the secondary side of CTs.

• Quick voltage ratio checks for VTs.

• Measurement of burden values, e.g. to determine the new burden value after changes of the relay equipment. This allows the re-calculation of the CT test results for the new burden value by the CT Analyzer and thus makes it unnecessary to run an additional CT test in order to determine the behavior of the CT with the new burden.

The CT Analyzer is intended exclusively for the applications described above.

Any other use is deemed not to be according to the regulations. The manufacturer and the distributor are not liable for damage resulting from improper usage. The user alone assumes all responsibility and risk.

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14


2

License-Depending Functional Scope

License-Depending Functional Scope

The functional scope provided by the CT Analyzer depends on the licenses actually available on the device.

This User Manual describes the full functional scope provided when the complete set of licenses is available on the CT Analyzer. A lack of licenses may primarily result in functional restrictions regarding the selectable standards, classes, core types and frequencies as well as the availability of individual measurement functions and/or test cards.

For up-to-date information about the licenses and packages available for the

CT Analyzer please refer to the OMICRON electronics GmbH website.

15

16


Hardware

3 Hardware

3.1

Functional Components of the CT Analyzer

3.1.1

Overview

Figure 3-1 provides an overview of the operating and display elements and the

connectors of the CT Analyzer.

Output

Generator output

Display

with context-dependent keys ("soft keys")

Remote control interface

Serial interface for full

remote control (see 11.7)

Equipotential bonding connector

Keyboard

with cursor keys and card selection keys

Sec, Prim

Measurement inputs

I/0 key

with status LEDs

Compact Flash card slot

Mains connection unit

Mains socket with fuse and

ON/OFF switch

Figure 3-1 CT Analyzer overview

17

18


3.1.2

Mains Connection Unit and Grounding

Mains socket (IEC320)

Mains fuse: 2 x T6.3A / 250V, high breaking capacity

ON/OFF switch

Equipotential bonding connector

(4 mm socket combined with knurled nut for clamp connection)

Figure 3-2 Mains connection unit and equipotential bonding connector

3.1.3

Compact Flash Card Slot

Figure 3-3 Compact Flash card slot

Compact Flash card

Storage medium for test data.

Eject button

Press to eject the Compact Flash card.

Hardware

3.1.4

Inputs and Outputs

Warning: While the red LED of the

I/0

the output and the measurement inputs.

key is flashing, voltage is applied at

Output

Generator output, 120 V

AC

, 15 A

DC

Sec

Measurement input for secondary side of CT,

150V

AC

max., 500 k Ω input impedance

Prim

Measurement input for primary side of CT,

30V

AC

max., 150 k Ω input impedance

Figure 3-4 Inputs and outputs of the CT Analyzer

3.1.5

I/0 Key with Status LEDs

I/0

Red LED on the left, green LED on the right.

I/0 key to start the test.

During the boot process after switching the CT Analyzer on, both

LEDs are on. The red LED is switched off when the boot process is finished and the CT Analyzer is ready for operation.

Green LED on: The CT Analyzer is switched on and ready for operation.

Red LED flashing: Test is running.

Warning: While the red LED is flashing, voltage is applied at the output and the measurement inputs.

Red LED steadily on: Device error.

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3.1.6

Display with Soft Keys

Card area with tab

Soft key description fields

Soft keys, labelled by the soft key description fields

Status line

Edit fields

(underlined by dotted lines)

Display field

(not underlined)

If 3 points are visible in the lowermost soft key description field (see dashed arrow), this key can be used to open an additional set of soft keys

A scrollbar is displayed if the content of a card is too long to be displayed at a time.

Use the up/down cursor keys on the keyboard to scroll through the card.

Figure 3-5 Display with context-dependent soft keys

The following icons may be displayed in the status line:

Remote control. The CT Analyzer is connected to a computer and a software tool of the CT Analyzer PC Toolset (e.g. the

CTA Remote Excel File Loader) running on that computer has established connection to the CT Analyzer.

The keyboard on the CT Analyzer is locked until the running test is finished.

Hardware

3.1.7

Keyboard

Security key. The data measured with the CT Analyzer can be stored in XML files. Stored files are protected by a security checksum to prevent the data within these files from being edited.

If the CT Analyzer displays the data of a previously stored test, and the data in this file are valid, a key is shown in the status line. If the file data are invalid since someone tried to edit them later, a broken key is displayed.

Note: When loading older files containing no security checksum, no security information is shown.

Overload indication. The CT Analyzer could not output the required test current or take all necessary measurement points due to an overload.

Multi-ratio CT measurement. Indicates that a multi-ratio CT test using the optional CT SB2 switch box has been initialized on the

CT Analyzer (here: full tap combination X1-X4).

Figure 3-6 Keyboard

Numeric / character keys for entering values and text.

After pressing a key, the status line displays the character set available for the key. Press the key as often as required to scroll through the displayed character set. After

1 second or after pressing another key, the character selected in the status line is entered into the edit field in the display.

Note: To quickly change between letters and numerics, hold the button pressed for a second.

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22


?

HELP

ESC

Press this key to enter capital letters.

Press this key to display the context-sensitive help system

(see section 6.2 on page 58).

Press this key to delete the character left of the cursor position.

Press this key to leave an edit field without applying a change or to leave the edit mode of a card or to go one level back in the user interface level.

The CT-Object card is the top user interface level.

Pressing this key several times will always bring you back to the CT-Object card.

Press this key to apply a change for an edit field.

When working in the CT Analyzer file system, use this key to open a selected folder or to confirm to move back to the next higher level in the file structure.

Use the card selector keys to display a specific card.

Use the cursor keys to select an edit field in the user interface or to move the cursor within an edit field.

Use the cursor key to enter the edit mode of a displayed card.

Connecting the CT Analyzer

4

4.1


Basic Wiring for a Burden Test

For a burden test, connect the CT Analyzer as shown in Figure 4-1.

CT Burden

Figure 4-1 Basic wiring for a burden test

1. Connect the CT Analyzer’s equipotential terminal to protective earth (PE).

2. Open the connection line to the ungrounded side of the CT (refer to Figure

4-1). Otherwise, the CT Analyzer measures the parallel impedance of the

burden and the CT winding instead of the burden itself.

3. Connect the black "Output" socket and the black socket of input "Sec" of the

CT Analyzer to that side of the burden that is connected to PE.

4. Connect the red "Output" socket and the red socket of input "Sec" of the

CT Analyzer to the other (ungrounded) side of the burden.

Caution: If you do not disconnect the CT for the burden test, the CT Analyzer measures the parallel impedance of the burden and the CT winding. Although in many cases the impedance of the CT is many times higher than the burden impedance, this will cause a measuring error.

The CT Analyzer does not perform demagnetization after burden measurement.

Therefore, CT saturation could occur if you do not disconnect the CT prior to the burden test.

23


4.2

Basic Wiring for Primary Resistance Measurement

For the primary winding resistance test, connect the CT Analyzer as shown in

Figure 4-2.

24

Figure 4-2 Basic wiring for primary winding resistance measurement


2. Make sure that the primary side of the CT is connected to PE on one side and open on the other side.

3. Disconnect the hot side of all secondary windings of the CT in order to remove any load from the CT. Every kind of load remaining on the secondary side of the CT during measurement leads to incorrect measurement results or error messages.

4. Connect the black socket of CT Analyzer input "Prim" to the grounded side of the CT’s primary circuit and the red socket of this input to the open

(ungrounded) side.

5. Connect the black "Output" socket of the CT Analyzer to that terminal on the secondary side of the CT that is connected to PE.

6. Connect the red "Output" socket of the CT Analyzer to the other

(ungrounded) terminal on the secondary side of the CT.


4.3

Basic Wiring for a CT Test

This section shows the basic wiring of the CT Analyzer for a CT test. For a detailed description how to connect the CT Analyzer for specific applications, please refer to the separate Application Notes.

Caution: The grounded terminal on the secondary side of the CT always has to be connected to the black sockets of input "Sec" and the "Output" of the

CT Analyzer. Connecting the red sockets of the CT Analyzer to PE can result in incorrect measurement and/or cause an automatic abortion of the measurement with an error message.

Caution: If it is necessary to use clamps for the connection of the measurement leads to the secondary side of the test object, always use

the 4 wire connection technique as described in section 4.4 on page 27

in order to avoid measurement errors.

For a CT test, connect the CT Analyzer as shown in Figure 4-3.

Utility line

Prevent coupling of interferences into the primary circuit (e.g. by disconnecting the utility line, switching off the breaker, etc).

Coupling of interferences into the ungrounded connection influences the measurement results.

The side that is able to receive more interferences has to be connected to PE.

Figure 4-3 Basic wiring for a CT test

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26



2. Make sure that the primary side of the CT is connected to PE on one side and open on the other side.

Caution: It is absolutely important to avoid coupling of interferences into the primary circuit during measurement. Therefore, connect the side of the primary circuit that is able to receive more interferences to PE (e.g. the side with the longer line length). The ungrounded side should be the side that receives less

interferences (refer to Figure 4-3).

3. Disconnect the hot side of all secondary windings of the CT in order to remove any load from the CT. Every kind of load remaining on the secondary side of the CT during measurement leads to incorrect measurement results or error messages.

4. Connect the black socket of CT Analyzer input "Prim" to the grounded side of the CT’s primary circuit and the red socket of this input to the open

(ungrounded) side.

5. Connect the black "Output" socket and the black socket of input "Sec" of the

CT Analyzer to that terminal on the secondary side of the CT that is connected to PE.

6. Connect the red "Output" socket and the red socket of input "Sec" of the

CT Analyzer to the other (ungrounded) terminal on the secondary side of the

CT.


4.4

4 Wire Measurement vs. 2 Wire Measurement

If the secondary side of the test object does not provide screw terminals for connecting the delivered terminal adapters or banana sockets to insert the measurement leads directly, and it is therefore necessary to use clamps (e.g. crocodile clamps or Kelvin clamps) for the connection of the measurement leads, always use the 4 wire connection technique as described below.

Otherwise, the possibly existing contact resistance of the clamps could affect the measurement results, i.e., the CT Analyzer possibly delivers incorrect measurement results.

Both connection techniques are shown in the following figure.

4 wire connection: 2 wire connection:

OK

Do not use!

The measurement leads from the

"Output" sockets and input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer are connected to the test object via separate clamps.

One clamp is used for each measurement lead! Correct!

Separate measurement leads are used for the "Output" sockets and input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer, but the measurement leads are connected to the test object via a common clamp.

Two measurement leads use one single clamp! Do not use!

Figure 4-4 Demonstration of 2 wire and 4 wire connection technique

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28


4.5

Noise Reduction Techniques

For proper test results it is important to consider the following:

• Connect the CT Analyzer’s equipotential terminal to protective earth (PE).

• If possible, disconnect both primary terminals of the CT from the utility lines.

• Only use the original coax measurement cables delivered by OMICRON electronics GmbH or twisted-pair lines. If it is necessary to use loose singlewire measurement cables, twist the wires to a twisted-pair line. Avoid open loops consisting of individual single-wire measurement cables in order to prevent interference voltages caused by magnetic fields.

• Connect one terminal of the CT’s primary side to protective earth. If it is not possible to disconnect the utility lines from both primary terminals, connect that side of the primary circuit that is able to receive more interferences to PE

(the primary side that is still connected to the utility lines or the side with the longer line length, respectively). The ungrounded side should be the side that receives less interferences.

• When testing a CT in a utility, take care that one side of the CT is connected to PE and at least the ungrounded terminal is disconnected from all utility lines.

Refer to Figure 4-5.

Caution: Do not connect both primary terminals to PE! This would cause incorrect measurement results. Connecting both primary terminals to PE has the same effect as a short-circuit in the CT.


Utility line Utility line

Connection required if secondary side terminal cannot be disconnected

Burden

Use coax measurement cables!

Figure 4-5 Noise reduction for CT measurement

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30


4.6

Measurement on a Gapped Core

For gapped cores, the position of the primary wire inside the core has large influence to the ratio measurement results.

Therefore, in order to obtain correct measurement results, it is very important to arrange the primary wire during measurement to the same position inside the core as it is during real operation. Depending on the position of the primary wire inside the core, the measured ratio can differ by up to 20%.

The figure below shows how the ratio error can differ depending on the position of the primary wire inside the core.

Position 1

Ratio error measured: +0.5%

Position 2

Ratio error measured: +5%

Position 3

Ratio error measured: -15%

Primary wire

Air gap

Figure 4-6 Ratio error depending on the position of the primary wire inside the gapped core

As shown in Figure 4-6, the measured ratio error may differ considerably

depending on the position of the primary wire. Best measurement results are obtained if the primary wire is positioned exactly in the center of the core. As an alternative, a copper foil formed to a ring and placed to the inner side of the core

can be used as shown in Figure 4-7.


Copper foil

Figure 4-7 Using a copper foil formed to a ring as primary wire

Note: Exact measurement results are only possible if the if the primary wire is positioned exactly in the center of the core.

The CT Analyzer does not consider leakage inductances. The leakage inductances are neglected instead. This way, the CT Analyzer is able to reach a measurement error of approx. 0.1 % for class PR and class TPY CTs and approx. 0.8 % for class TPZ CTs.

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32


4.7

Excitation Curve Measurement for an Unwound Iron

Core

Using the CT Analyzer it is possible to measure the magnetic properties of an empty, unwound iron core. For this purpose, it is necessary to apply an "auxiliary winding" of at least 20 turns to the core.

For this purpose, OMICRON electronics GmbH offers a special cable with 23 turns (VEHK0658) and a special Microsoft Excel template for the required calculations.

Proceed as follows to perform the measurement (refer to Figure 4-8 and Figure

4-9):


2. Apply the "auxiliary winding" cable to the unwound core.

3. Connect the "Output" sockets and input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer to the cable

as shown in Figure 4-8. For cores that require high currents to reach the knee

point, several cables can be cascaded to increase the number of turns, see

Figure 4-9.

4. Start the CTA Remote Excel File Loader with the special Excel template mentioned above.

5. Enter the iron parameters to the template.

6. Start the measurement from the CTA Remote Excel File Loader.

Figure 4-8

23 turns auxiliary winding

Iron core without winding

Excitation curve measurement using one "auxiliary winding" cable


Figure 4-9 Excitation curve measurement using several cascaded

"auxiliary winding" cables

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4.8

VT Ratio Measurement Using QuickTest

To measure the ratio of VTs using the CT Analyzer, you can either use the

Quick Test function of the CT Analyzer (see chapter 9 on page 105) or the

CTA QuickTest PC tool which is part of the CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

Warning: For VT ratio measurement using the Quick Test feature, the

CT Analyzer output has to be connected to the primary side of the VT.

Connecting the CT Analyzer output to the secondary side of the VT by mistake may cause hazardous voltages on the primary side!

Proceed as follows to perform a VT ratio measurement:

1. Connect the "Output" sockets and input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer to the primary side of the VT and input "Prim" of the CT Analyzer to the secondary

winding of the VT (see Figure 4-10).

A a

N n

Figure 4-10 Connecting the VT for ratio measurement using the

CT Analyzer

2. Open the Quick Test measurement function on the CT Analyzer or start the

CTA QuickTest PC tool from the CTA Start Page.

3. Select the VT Ratio measurement type. Set the amplitude to the maximum output voltage of 40 V and the frequency to the mains frequency. Refer to

Figure 4-11.

Note: If it is necessary to suppress mains frequency interferences, use the

Advanced measurement type with a frequency of e.g. 3 Hz above the mains frequency (e.g. 53 Hz) and choose the frequency-selective measurement mode with a filter bandwidth of 6 Hz. Mains frequency interferences are then suppressed by 120 dB.


Measurement settings

Figure 4-11 CT-Quick test card with settings for VT ratio measurement

4. Start the measurement by pressing the

I/0

key on the CT Analyzer or clicking the ON button on the VT Ratio tab of the CTA QuickTest software.

The measured values are displayed and permanently updated as long as the

measurement is active. Refer to Figure 4-12.

5. Stop the measurement by pressing the

I/0

key on the CT Analyzer again or clicking the OFF button on the VT Ratio tab of the CTA QuickTest software.

Live display of measured values

Live display of VT ratio

Figure 4-12 Results test card for VT ratio measurement

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36


4.9

VT Winding Resistance Measurement Using

QuickTest

To measure the winding resistance of VTs using the CT Analyzer, you can either

use the Quick Test function of the CT Analyzer (see chapter 9 on page 105) or

the CTA QuickTest PC tool which is part of the CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

Proceed as follows to perform a VT winding resistance measurement:

1. Connect the "Output" sockets and input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer to the

winding to be measured (see Figure 4-13).

A a

N n

Figure 4-13 Connecting the VT for winding resistance measurement using the CT Analyzer

2. Open the Quick Test measurement function on the CT Analyzer or start the

CTA QuickTest PC tool from the CTA Start Page.

3. Select the Resistance measurement type and set the amplitude of the DC output current appropriately. Refer to Figure 4-11.

Caution: Use only low currents of e.g. 100 mA when measuring the primary side of VTs. Too high currents could destroy the winding!

Measurement settings

Figure 4-14 CT-Quick test card with settings for VT winding resistance measurement


4. Start the measurement by pressing the

I/0

key on the CT Analyzer or clicking the ON button on the Resistance tab of the CTA QuickTest software. The measured values are displayed and permanently updated as

long as the measurement is active. Refer to Figure 4-12.

5. Stop the measurement by pressing the

I/0

key on the CT Analyzer again or clicking the OFF button on the Resistance tab of the CTA QuickTest software.

Live display of winding resistance

Figure 4-15 Results test card for VT winding resistance measurement

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38


Short Guide for CT Testing

5

5.1


How to Run a Test with the CT Analyzer

I/0

Preparing the test

Display the CT-Object card with a new CT test.

If the CT Analyzer is already switched on:

1. If necessary, display the CT-Object card and then press the Main soft key to display the main menu.

2. In the main menu, select "New CT Test" and press the OK soft key to initialize a new CT test.

3. The display shows the CT-Object card, ready to start a test.

If the CT Analyzer is switched off:

1. Switch the CT Analyzer on.

2. After the boot process is finished, the green LED is on and the red LED is off.


Configuring and starting the test

After switching the CT Analyzer on or after initializing a new test from the main menu, the default CT-Object card is displayed.

1. Enter the data listed in the table below according to the CT’s name plate (see

Figure 5-1).

Figure 5-1 CT-Object card after initializing a new CT test

I-pn

I-sn

Standard

P/M

VA

Rated primary current of the CT.

Rated secondary current of the CT.

Standard to be used for the CT test and the test assessment.

Set "P" for a protection CT or "M" for a metering CT.

Rated power of the CT

39

40


2. Enable the burden test and the primary winding resistance test in the

Select Cards page, if desired.

Figure 5-2 Select Cards page

3. Start the test by pressing the

I/0

key.

4. If the burden test is enabled, the test halts and the CT Analyzer displays a corresponding message, asking you to check the wiring for the test.

Figure 5-3 Burden test: Wiring check message (left) and wiring diagram

(right)

Note: If you do not want to perform the burden test, press Skip Test to skip the burden test and continue with the next test step or Cancel Test to abort the test.

Connect the burden as shown in Figure 5-3 using the 4 wire method (i.e.,

using two clamps for each side). Connect the black sockets of the

CT Analyzer to the grounded side.

Press Start Test. The CT Analyzer runs the the burden test.

5. If the primary winding resistance measurement is enabled, the test halts and the CT Analyzer displays a corresponding message, asking you to check the wiring for the test.

Figure 5-4 Primary winding resistance measurement: Wiring check message (left) and wiring diagram (right)


Note: Primary winding resistance measurement is only required if the primary winding actually consists of multiple turns. If you do not want to perform the primary winding resistance measurement, press Skip Test to skip the primary winding resistance measurement and continue with the next test step or Cancel Test to abort the test.

Connect the primary winding as shown in Figure 5-4 (right) using the 4 wire

method (i.e., using two clamps for each side). Connect the black sockets of the CT Analyzer to the grounded side.

Press Start Test. The CT Analyzer runs the primary winding resistance measurement.

6. If required, the test halts to allow rewiring for the CT test. The CT Analyzer displays a corresponding message, asking you to check the wiring for the test.

I/0

Figure 5-5 CT test: Wiring check message (left) and wiring diagram (right)

Note: If you do not want to perform the CT test, press Skip Test to skip the

CT test or Cancel Test to abort the test.

Connect the CT as shown in Figure 5-5 using the 4 wire method (i.e., using

two clamps for each side). Connect the black sockets of the CT Analyzer to the grounded side.

Press Start Test. The red LED flashes to indicate that the CT test is running.

Automatic test step 1 of CT test: CT resistance measurement

The CT Analyzer measures the secondary winding resistance of the CT.

Figure 5-6 Resistance card with measurement results after the test is

finished

41

42


Automatic test step 2 of CT test: Determination of the excitation characteristic

The CT Analyzer measures the excitation curve and determines the knee point and other important CT data.

Figure 5-7 Excitation card with measurement results after the test is

finished

Automatic test step 3 of CT test: Ratio measurement

The CT Analyzer then measures the current ratio error, the phase error, the composite error and the polarity. The CT Analyzer calculates the ratio error for the operating burden (parameter "Burden" in the CT-Object card) and the nominal burden (parameter "VA" in the CT-Object card).

To view the measurement results based on the operating burden after the test is finished, open the Ratio card using the card selection keys.

Figure 5-8 Ratio error and phase displacement at operating burden after

the test is finished


After the test is finished

After the test is finished, the CT-Object card displays the CT data determined

during the test (refer to Figure 5-9).

Figure 5-9 CT-Object card after the test is finished

Now, you can enter the "Location" and "Object" details and save the test (use the cursor keys to scroll within the card and select edit fields).

Figure 5-10 CT-Object card after the test, ready to enter location details

(left) and ready to save the test (right)

The CT Analyzer also performs an automatic assessment of the measured results. The assessment of the individual parameters can be viewed on the

Assessment card (Figure 5-11). An overall assessment of the CT is displayed

in the status line.

Figure 5-11 Assessment card after the test is finished

If desired, you can view the individual measurement results acquired during the test by viewing the Resistance card, the Excitation card and the Ratio card, as

shown in the figures 5-6 to 5-8 above.

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44


5.2

Using the Guesser Function of the CT Analyzer

For standard current transformers built according to IEC 60044-1 and

IEEE C57.13, the guesser function of the CT Analyzer allows the automatic determination of all relevant CT parameters without prior knowledge of the nominal CT data.

The guesser function of the CT Analyzer is intended as an aid for the user to find out the data of unknown CTs. It is able to determine the CT data (I prim class, ratio, etc.) and to assess whether the connected CT fulfills the specifications or not.

, I sec

,

Caution: The data and values determined by the CT Analyzer using the guesser function are not guaranteed and have to be verified by the user.

Please refer to chapter 8 on page 101 for a detailed description how to use this

function.

Operating the CT Analyzer

6 Operating the CT Analyzer

6.1

General Operation

6.1.1

Working in the User Interface

Displaying a specific card

To display a specific card, select the card by pressing the card selection keys.

The card’s tab showing the name of the selected card is then highlighted (see

Figure 6-1).

Figure 6-1 CT-Object card selected

Using the soft keys

Using the soft keys you can operate the CT Analyzer and change the user interface level of the software.

The functionality of the soft keys is context-dependent, i.e., the software offers different functions or selectable sets of parameters depending on the focus (i.e., depending on which card or field is highlighted or selected in the user interface).

If the lowermost soft key description field contains 3 points (see Save As in

Figure 6-1), additional soft key functions are available. Then you can switch the

set of displayed soft keys using the

...

key located below the soft keys (see

Figure 6-2).

1st set of soft keys 2nd set of soft keys

Figure 6-2

Press

...

Switching the set of soft keys in the CT-Object card

45

46


Editing a card

To open the edit mode for a displayed card, press the

card’s tab is then no longer highlighted (see Figure 6-3).

cursor key. The

Use the cursor keys to move the cursor and to select the desired edit field. Some edit fields have soft keys assigned. The soft keys available for an edit field are displayed if the field is selected.

Edit field

Edit field selected

Display field

(selection not possible)

Figure 6-3 Edit field selected in the CT-Object card

Proceed as follows to edit a card:

1. Select the edit field using the cursor keys.

2. Enter or edit the value or text:

– Select an entry offered by the soft keys (if available)

– or enter the value or text using the keyboard and then press the to confirm your input or use the

ESC

key

key to leave an edit field without applying and saving the entry.

3. Leave the edit mode either by moving the cursor to the card’s tab using the

cursor key or by pressing the

ESC

key. The focus is then set to the card’s tab again (tab highlighted).

6.1.2

The Main Menu

How to get there:

Press the Main soft key in any test card

-> Main Menu

The Main Menu can be opened from any test card by pressing the Main soft key.

The items in the list can be selected using the cursor keys. When an item is selected (highlighted), the soft keys are labeled with the functions available for this specific item.

Figure 6-4 Main Menu page


6.1.3

New CT-Test

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- New CT-Test

OK soft key

-> CT-Object card

By selecting "New CT-Test" in the main menu and then pressing the OK soft key, a new CT test with the default parameter settings is loaded and displayed in the CT-Object card. Some of the default values can be defined in the default

test settings (see section 6.1.7 on page 51).

Figure 6-5 CT-Object card with default test settings after initializing a new

CT test

Note: For more detailed information about the parameters and fields in the CT-

Object card, please refer to section 7.2 on page 62.

6.1.4

New MR-Test

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- New MR-Test

OK soft key


Using the "New MR-Test" option in the main menu you can initialize a new multiratio CT test using the optional CT SB2 switch box.

This option is only available if you have purchased a corresponding license. For more detailed information about multi-ratio CT testing using the CT SB2, please refer to the CT SB2 User Manual.

6.1.5

New Quick-Test

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- New Quick-Test

OK soft key


Using the "New Quick-Test" option in the main menu you can open the optional

QuickTest feature. With this feature you can use the CT Analyzer as a multimeter.

This option is only available if you have purchased a corresponding license. For

more detailed information about QuickTest, please refer to chapter 9 on page 105.

47

48


6.1.6

File Handling

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- File Handling

Select soft key

-> File Menu page

In the File Menu page you can access all available file operation functions by selecting the entry using the cursor keys and then pressing the Select soft key.

Figure 6-6 File Menu page

Available functions

Load Report

Save As

Rename File

Delete File

Copy / Cut / Paste

File(s)

Format CF card

Loading an existing report or settings file from the

Compact Flash card.

You can also load a file by pressing the Load soft key in the CT-Object card.

Saving the current file to the Compact Flash card.

Saving a file is described in detail on page 50.

Renaming a selected file on the Compact Flash card.

Only files can be renamed. Renaming of folders is not possible on the CT Analyzer.

Deleting a selected file or folder from the Compact Flash card.

Only empty folders can be deleted. If you try to delete a folder still containing files or subfolders, an error message is displayed.

To select several neighboring files at a time, keep the

key pressed while selecting the files or folders using the cursor keys.

Copying or cutting a file on the Compact Flash card and pasting it at another location on the Compact Flash card.

Copying/cutting and pasting a file is described in detail on page 50.

Formatting the Compact Flash card. All data on the

Compact Flash card will be lost!


How to get there:


Main Menu:

- File Handling

Select soft key

File Menu:

- Load Report or

- Save As or

- Delete File or

- Rename File or

- Copy File(s) or

- Cut File(s) or

- Paste File(s)

Note: In the CT Analyzer file system, the root directory can contain a maximum of 240 files and the maximum file name length is 240 characters.

Working in the file system

After selecting one of the available file operation functions in the File Menu, the file system card is displayed showing the current path in its title bar and the file

system elements in the card area (refer to Figure 6-7).

Navigating in the file system

• To open a folder, select its entry (see Figure 6-7, left) using the

cursor keys and then press the key.

• To go one level higher in the directory structure, select the "one level higher" entry and then press the key.

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- File Handling

Select soft key

File Menu:

- Save As or

- Paste File(s)

Figure 6-7 File system card for loading a report

Creating a new folder

Creating a new folder is only possible for the functions Save As and

Paste File(s) of the File Menu.

To create a new folder in the file system, select Save As or Paste Files(s) in the file menu and then navigate to the desired location in the file system where you want to create the new folder. Then press the New Dir soft key. A new folder with an empty name is created. Enter a name for the folder and press the key.

Figure 6-8 File system card after creating a new folder

Note: In the CT Analyzer file system, a directory can contain a maximum of 240 files and the maximum file name length is 240 characters. Renaming of folders is not supported by the CT Analyzer.

49

50


How to get there:


Main Menu:

- File Handling

Select soft key

File Menu:

- Save As

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- File Handling

Select soft key

File Menu:

- Copy File(s) or

- Cut File(s)

Saving a file

1. Open the file menu and select Save As.

Note: You can also save a file by pressing the Save or the Save As soft key in the CT-Object card.

2. Navigate to the desired folder in the file system where you want to save the file:

• If you like to save the file with the same name, press the Save soft key. A warning will pop up asking whether the existing file should be overwritten or not.

• If you want to use a similar file name as an existing one in the selected folder, select this file using the cursor keys and press the

Save As soft key or the key. A new *.xml file entry with the selected file name is added. Edit this file name and then press again

Save, Save As or the key.

Copying / cutting and pasting a file on the Compact Flash card

Note: Copying / cutting and pasting folders is not possible with the CT Analyzer.

1. Open the file menu and select Copy File(s) or Cut File(s).

2. The file system card appears. Navigate to the desired file you want to copy or cut.

3. Highlight the file and then press the Copy (or Cut) soft key.

To go back to the main menu without copying or cutting a file, press Abort.

Note: To select several neighboring files at a time, keep the pressed while selecting the files using the cursor keys.

key

4. The file system card is closed and the file menu is displayed. Select

Paste File(s).

5. The file system card appears again. Navigate to the desired location in the file system where you want to paste the file.

6. Press the Paste soft key to paste the file.

In case of a cut/paste action, the file is not deleted from its old location until it has been pasted at its new location.


6.1.7

Settings

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- Settings

Select soft key

-> Setting Menu page

In the Setting Menu page you can access the device settings or the default settings for a new CT test. Select an entry using the cursor keys and then press the Select soft key to open the corresponding settings page.

Figure 6-9 Setting Menu page

Available options in the Setting Menu

Select Language Selection of the user interface language.

One user language can be installed on the CT Analyzer.

The English user interface is part of the firmware and therefore always available. The second language can be

installed by the user as required (refer to section 6.1.8 on page 55).

Select Startup

Mode

Using this option you can select the default test mode the

CT Analyzer comes up each time when it is switched on.

Select the mode using the soft keys:

Single Tap: The CT Analyzer automatically initializes a normal single-ratio CT test.

Default Test Card

Selection

Multi-Ratio: The CT Analyzer automatically initializes a multi-ratio CT test using the CT SB2 switch box (see the

CT SB2 User Manual for more detailed information).

Quick: The CT Analyzer automatically initializes the

Quick Test measurement function (see chapter 9 on page 105 for more detailed information).

Select the test cards a new CT test should contain by default. Please refer to the corresponding subsection below.

51

52


Default Standard Standard to be used for a new CT test:

IEC 60044-1, IEC 60044-6, IEEE C57.13 or ANSI 30.

IEEE C57.13 and ANSI 30 both represent the standard

IEEE C57.13: IEEE C57.13 with knee point calculation for 45° tangent, ANSI 30 for 30° tangent.

Default Nominal

Frequency

Ktd Calculation

Nominal frequency to be used for a new CT test:

16.7 Hz, 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

Select the calculation method for the K td

(transient dimensioning factor):

acc. to IEC 60044-6: K td

is calculated exactly according to the standard.

acc. to OMICRON: K td

calculation considers the CT remanence.

acc. to GB 16847: K td

is calculated acc. to the Chinese standard GB16847.

For details about the determination of the transient dimensioning factor, please refer to the CT Analyzer

Reference Manual.

Temperature

Date/Time

Display Contrast

Accur. Limiting

Error Graph

Start Delay

Misc. Settings

Select the temperature unit (°C or °F) and the default values for the ambient temperature and the reference temperature (for winding resistance measurement and calculation).

Clock settings for the device-internal clock.

Display contrast adjustment.

Enable or disable the accuracy limiting error graph.

This graph is primarily required for Chinese standards. It shows the maximum possible primary current (K * I pn

) that can flow over a specific burden without exceeding the accuracy limit (5 % or 10 %).

Allows the definition of a delay time of up to 10 s for the actual test start after pressing the start button.

You can apply the defined delay for the burden test, the primary winding resistance measurement and the secondary winding resistance measurement.

In the Miscellaneous Settings page, the thresholds for the decision algorithms of the guesser function can be defined.

Please refer to the corresponding subsection below


How to get there:


Main Menu:

- Settings

Select soft key

Setting Menu:

- Default Test Card

Selection

Select soft key

-> Select Cards page

Default Test Card Selection

Enabling or disabling test cards for the default test is done using the Default

Test Card Selection option from the Setting Menu.

Note: If you want to enable or disable test cards for your currently active test only, press the Select Cards soft key in the CT-Object card.

To enable or disable a test card, select its entry using the cursor keys and then press the Add or Remove soft key. Enabled cards are marked with a checkmark.

Figure 6-10 Select Cards page for selecting the default test cards

Some cards require the existence of other cards. This means that if you are adding such a card, the required other cards are automatically added, too. On the other hand, if you remove a card which is required by another card, the other

card is removed, too. Figure 6-11 shows these dependencies.

CT-Object

requires

Sec. Winding Resistance

requires

Excitation

Ratio

requires

Residual Magnetism

requires

Prim. Winding Resistance

requires

Burden

requires

Assessment

requires

Comment

requires

Figure 6-11 Dependencies of test cards

To save your selection and return to the setting menu press the Back soft key.

To return to the setting menu without saving the selection, press the

ESC

key.

53

54


How to get there:


Main Menu:

- Settings

Select soft key

Setting Menu:

- Misc. Settings

Select soft key

-> Miscellaneous

Settings page

Miscellaneous Settings

The Miscellaneous Settings page is used to define the thresholds for the decision algorithms of the guesser function.

Figure 6-12 Miscellaneous Settings page

The following values can be defined in the Miscellaneous Settings page.

Decision 1A/5A CT

Decision P/M CT

If the guesser function is active, the device uses the measured winding resistance to decide whether the CT is a 1 A or 5 A CT. This value specifies the decision threshold.

Possible values: 0.5 to 2

Ω.

Default: 1

Ω.

If the measured winding resistance is higher than the defined value, the guesser function decides that the CT’s nominal secondary current is 1 A.

Otherwise the secondary current is 5 A.

If the guesser function is active, the device uses the measured knee point voltage to decide whether the measured CT is a protection CT or a metering

CT. This value specifies the decision threshold.

If the knee point voltage is higher than the defined value, the guesser function decides that the measured CT is a protection CT. Otherwise it is a metering CT.

• "1 A: Prot. CT, if V-kn >"

Possible values: 50 to 300 V. Default: 100 V.

• "5 A: Prot. CT, if V-kn >"

Possible values: 15 to 60 V. Default: 20 V.


Class mult. factor The default value for the class multiplying factor can be set. This default is used when the

CT Analyzer is switched on or if a new CT test is selected in the main menu.

The class multiplying factor increases the assessment level for the ratio test. For example, a class multiplier of 0.5 means that the maximum accepted tolerance for the ratio error is only half the standard tolerance.

Possible values: 0.25 to 1.00. Default: 1.00

The Reset Values soft key resets all values to their default values.

6.1.8

Tools

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- Tools

Select soft key

-> Tools Menu page

From the Tools Menu page you can access the update functions of the

CT Analyzer.

Figure 6-13 Tools Menu page

Available functions

Update Text

Update Firmware

Using this item you can install a new user interface language file.

The file system page opened after selecting

Update Text only displays files named CTUser_*.bin.

Please refer to the corresponding subsection below.

Using this item you can update the firmware of your

CT Analyzer.

The file system page opened after selecting

Update Firmware only displays files named

CTAnalyzer.bin.

Please refer to the corresponding subsection below.

55

56


Update Licenses This function allows to add additional licenses to your

CT Analyzer.

Using the Update License soft key you can read a license file from the Compact Flash card.

Using the New License soft key you can add new licenses manually.

For information how to receive new licenses or a new license key for additional functions, please contact your local OMICRON distributor or the OMICRON electronics GmbH support.

How to get there:


Main Menu:

- Tools

Select soft key

Tools Menu:

- Update Text

-> File system card

Update Text

Note: Instead of using the Update Text function of the CT Analyzer you can also use the Firmware Update PC tool contained in the CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

For detailed information, please refer to the help system of the CT Analyzer PC

Toolset.

Using this function you can install a new user interface language file. The new language installed is then available for selection in the Language page.

Figure 6-14 File system card for selecting a new language file

To install a new language, select the corresponding file CTUser_xxx.bin in the directory A:\OMICRON\ on the Compact Flash card using the cursor keys and press the Select soft key.


How to get there:


Main Menu:

- Tools

Select soft key

Tools Menu:

- Update Firmware

-> File system card

English is contained in the firmware and does not require a user language file.

Caution: Only install language files that are included in the package of the installed firmware version.

If you install a language file that does not belong to the same package, the user interface may become unreadable.

Refer to the OMICRON electronics GmbH website for available languages or ask your distributor for a special language file.

If the text update process is interrupted or fails, the device displays an error message and automatically resets the user interface to English when it is switched on the next time.

Press Abort to return to the tools menu without installing a new language.

Update Firmware

Note: Instead of using the Update Firmware function of the CT Analyzer you can also use the Firmware Update PC tool contained in the CT Analyzer PC

Toolset. For detailed information, please refer to the help system of the CT

Analyzer PC Toolset.

Using this function you can install new device firmware.

Figure 6-15 File system card for selecting a new firmware file

To perform a firmware update, a corresponding firmware file CTAnalyzer.bin has to be available in the directory A:\OMICRON\ on the Compact Flash card.

To update the firmware, select the desired firmware file CTAnalyzer.bin using the cursor keys and press the Update Firmw. soft key.

Note: The firmware update process may take some minutes. If the update process is interrupted or fails, switch the CT Analyzer off and on again. The device then tries to perform the firmware update again automatically.

57

58


6.2

It is also possible to install older firmware. In this case, the user interface text is deleted and the device automatically changes to the English user interface.

After you have downgraded the firmware, you also have to install the user interface language file of this (older) firmware package.

After the installation of new firmware, the user interface language automatically changes to English if the installed user interface text is no longer compatible.

If you are using a user interface language other than English, install the corresponding new user interface language file delivered with the new firmware.

Press Abort to return to the Tools Menu page without updating the firmware.

CT Analyzer Help System

The CT Analyzer provides a context-sensitive help system. Pressing the

?

key displays a help page, the content of which depends on where the focus was set before the

?

key was pressed.

For example:

• If the focus is set to the CT-Object card’s tab, pressing the the displays a help page showing the wiring for a CT test.

• If the focus is set to the Burden card’s tab, pressing the the displays a help page showing the wiring for a burden test.

?

?

key

key

• If a parameter field in the CT-Object card or the Assessment card is selected with the cursor, pressing the the

?

explanatory texts for this specific parameter.

key displays a help page with

Figure 6-16 Help system showing the wiring diagram for a CT test (left) and explanatory text for a parameter (right)

When the help system is displayed, you can use the Next Page and Prev. Page soft keys to scroll through the available help pages. Pressing the About soft key opens a page with information about the CT Analyzer hardware, the installed firmware version, the serial number, etc.


6.3

Operating the CT Analyzer from a Computer

It is also possible to operate the CT Analyzer remote controlled from a computer.

Diverse software tools are available from OMICRON electronics GmbH for this purpose.

For a detailed description, please refer to the help system of the

CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

59

60


The CT Analyzer Test Cards

7

7.1


Overview of Test Cards

The following table provides an overview of all test cards available for the

CT Analyzer. The set of test cards actually available on your CT Analyzer

depends on your purchased license(s).

Note: For up-to-date information about available licenses for the CT Analyzer please refer to the OMICRON electronics GmbH website or contact your

OMICRON electronics GmbH sales contact.

Card

CT-Object

Burden

This card is used to measure a current transformer’s

secondary burden with AC current. Refer to page 73.

Res. Magnetism

This card is used to measure the residual magnetism of

CTs. Refer to page 75.

Resistance

This card is used to measure the secondary winding resistance and the primary winding resistance of the CT.

Refer to page 77.

Excitation

Short description

This card contains the basic CT data and is always

required to perform a CT test. Refer to page 62.

Ratio

This card is used to trace the excitation curve of the current transformer and to determine further CT-specific

parameters. Refer to page 81.

This card is used to measure the current ratio of the CT considering the external load or the nominal burden and to determine the current ratio error and the phase

displacement. Refer to page 91.

Assessment

Comment

This card shows the automatic assessment of the tested parameters according to the selected standard. In this card you can also perform a manual assessment. Refer

to page 95.

In this card you can enter any text, e.g. additional notes

regarding the test. Refer to page 99.

61


7.2

CT-Object Card

The CT-Object card is the most important card and always required for all types of tests. In this card all necessary settings for a test are done. Some of the settings contained in the CT-Object card are also shown in other cards for information.

Note: The CT-Object card is the top user interface level. Pressing the several times will always bring you back to the CT-Object card.

ESC

key

62

Figure 7-1 CT-Object card with default settings after initializing a new CT test

7.2.1

Available Soft Keys

Clears the results of the previous test and enables to start a new test. All measurement results as well as all the parameters previously determined using the "guesser function" are cleared. Text entries for "Location" and "Object" remain unchanged.

Saves the test results and test settings to the currently loaded

CT Analyzer report file. If the test results have not been saved yet,

the Save As dialog is opened. Saving a file is described on page 50.

Saves the test results and test settings to a new .xml file. Saving a

file is described on page 50.

Allows to load a test stored on the Compact Flash card in order to check its results, to recalculate the results with different settings or to use its settings for a new test.

Note: Recalculation of the existing CT test results in order to verify the behavior of the CT at different burdens or primary currents can be performed by changing the burden value on the CT-Object card or the primary current on the Ratio card. The recalculated results can then be stored again like for a regular test.


Opens the Select Cards page where you can select the test cards

for the current test. The Select Cards page is described on page 53.

Note: When loading a new CT test from the main menu (using the

"New CT-Test" entry), the test card selection defined in the default test settings is used for this new test. The card selection performed in the CT-Object card will then be discarded.

7.2.2

Information Fields to be Filled by the User

Figure 7-2 Editing the location settings in the CT-Object card

The "Location" and "Object" text fields are only used for reporting and documentation purposes. They can be filled by the user after the test is finished.

These fields provide information about the location of the CT and the CT itself.

The content of these fields is defined in the Location settings page and the

Object settings page, respectively.

To open these settings cards, position the cursor on the "Location" or the

"Object" field and then press the Details soft key or the key.

Location

settings page

Object

settings page

The Location settings page provides the following text fields.

Each field can contain a maximum of 40 numbers or letters.

• Company, Country, Station, Feeder:

Information where the CT is installed.

• Phase: Phase to which the CT is connected.

• IEC-ID: IEC-ID of the CT or freely definable information.

The Object settings page provides the following text fields.

Each field can contain a maximum of 40 numbers or letters.

• Manufact.: Manufacturer of the CT under test.

• Type: Type number or description of the CT under test.

• Serial No.: Serial number of the CT under test.

• Core: Number of the tested core.

• Tap: Description of the tap (e.g. 1S1-1S3, X1-X4, ...).

• Optional 1: Optional field for free use.

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64


7.2.3

Parameters and Settings Used or Determined by the Test

Process

The fields described in this section are used and/or determined by the test process.

Figure 7-3 Editing the CT-Object card

Common Parameters and settings displayed for all standards,

CT types and classes

The table below lists all parameters and settings that are displayed for all standards, CT types and classes.

In addition to these common parameters, specific additional parameters are displayed in the CT-Object card depending on the selected standard, CT type

(protection or metering CT) and class. For these specific parameters, please

refer to the tables on pages 67 to 72.

Parameter Description

I-pn Rated primary current.

I-sn

Possible values: 1 to 99000 A or ?

1

soft key. Default: ?.

Rated secondary current.

Possible values: 0.0001 to 10 A or soft keys 1.0, 2.0, 5.0,

1.0A/

√3, 2.0A/√3, 5.0A/√3 or ?

1

.

Default: ?.

Standard Standard according to which the test has to be performed.

Possible values: Soft keys 60044-1, 60044-6, IEEE C57.13 or

ANSI30.

Default: Standard defined in the default test settings.

Note: Using the IEEE C57.13 standard for transformers with gapped cores may possibly deliver incorrect results.



P/M Definition of CT type: Protection or metering CT.

Class

Possible values: Soft keys Prot. CT, Meas. CT or ?

1

.

Default: ?

Accuracy class of the CT.

Possible values: Depending on the selected standard or ?

1

.

VA

Cos ϕ

Note: The "Class" parameter is only displayed, after the parameters "Standard" and "P/M" have been defined or determined by the CT Analyzer. Depending on these parameters, the parameters for the CT class can be selected using the soft keys.

Note: The class can be selected by soft keys or is determined by the CT Analyzer during the test. Automatic determination during the test only works for IEC 60044-1 metering CTs and

IEEE C57.13 (IEEE C57.13 and ANSI 30). If the question mark has been entered for the "P/M" parameter, the "Class" cannot be defined by the user but is automatically determined by the

CT Analyzer instead.

Nominal burden of the CT, used to calculate the behavior of the

CT at the nominal burden.

Possible values: 0 to 300 VA or soft keys 1.0A to 30A or ?

1

.

Depending on the guessed burden and the selected test standard, the corresponding cos ϕ is used (cos ϕ not editable by the user).

If IEEE C57.13 or ANSI 30 is selected, the CT Analyzer offers some soft keys (B-1, B-2, B-4, B-8) with standard loads for the power. If these soft keys are used, the power is calculated according to table 9 of IEEE C57.13. If the rated current is not 5 A, the resistance and inductance of the table is multiplied by the factor

α

=





I

------------rated





2

65

66


f


Burden

Cos ϕ

"Burden" and "Cos ϕ

" are used to define the operating burden connected to the CT. These parameters are used to calculate the behavior of the CT at the operating burden (connected burden) and the corresponding cos ϕ

.

Possible values for "Burden": 0 to 300 VA or soft keys 1.0A to

30A or ?

1

.

Possible values for "Cos ϕ

": 0 to 1.

These parameters can also be changed after the test or in a loaded test report in order to check the CT behavior at different burden values.

Rct

Special behavior depending on available test cards:

If the test contains a Burden card, a question mark is automatically entered to the fields "Burden" and "cos ϕ" and entering the burden is not possible until the test is finished. In this case, the value determined during the burden test is automatically entered after burden measurement. If I sn

is defined, the burden is updated immediately after the burden test is finished. If I sn

is not defined (entry "?"), the burden is updated after the resistance test.

Rated frequency of the CT.

Possible values: Integer value between 16 and 400 Hz or soft keys 16.7Hz, 50Hz, 60Hz or 400Hz.

Default: Frequency defined in the default test settings.

Specified secondary winding resistance.

Rprim

Class mult. factor

Possible values: 0 to 3000 ohms or soft key ?

1

.

Default: ?.

Specified primary winding resistance.

Possible values: 0 to 3000 ohms or soft key ?

1

.

Default: ?.

Class multiplying factor.

This factor increases the assessment level for the ratio test. E.g. a class multiplier of 0.5 means that the maximum accepted tolerance for the ratio error is only half the standard tolerance.

Possible values: 0.25 to 1.00 or soft key 1.0.

Default: 1.0.



Delta compensation

Correction factor for the ratio measurement. This factor enables the ratio measurement for CTs that are installed inside a delta winding transformer.

Possible values: Soft keys Ratio 1, Ratio 2/3 or Ratio 1/3.

Default: Ratio 1.

Choose "Ratio 1" if no correction is required.

Choose "Ratio 2/3" if input PRIM is connected to the two terminals of that transformer winding, the CT is in series with.

Choose "Ratio 1/3" if input PRIM is connected to the terminals of a transformer winding, the CT is not in series with.

1. If the question mark is entered for this parameter and a new test is started, the CT Analyzer

automatically tries to determine the value using its integrated guesser function (see chapter 8 on page 101).

Specific parameters and settings displayed for IEC 60044-1 protection CTs

The following parameters are only displayed in the CT-Object card if the standard IEC 60044-1 is selected with the type "Protection CT".

Param. Description Available for

IEC 60044-1 class

ALF

Ts

Ek

Accuracy limiting factor acc. to IEC 60044-1.

Possible values: Integer value from 1 to 300 or soft keys ?

1

, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30.

Default: ?.

Specified secondary time constant.

Possible values: 0.000 to 100.0 s or soft key ?

1

.

Default: 100 s.

Accuracy limiting voltage acc. to IEC 60044-1, PX.

Possible values: 0 to 20000 or soft key ?

1

.

Default: ?.

x x x x

67

68



IEC 60044-1 class

Kx

Ie

E1

Ie1

Dimensioning factor acc. to IEC 60044-1, PX.

Possible values: 1 to 300 or soft key ?

1

.

Default: ?.

Accuracy limiting current acc. to IEC 60044-1, PX.

Possible values: 0.03 mA to 30 A or soft key ?

1

.

Default: ?.

User-defined e.m.f. to verify the excitation current at this specific e.m.f.

Possible values: 0.1 to 20000 V or soft key ?

2

.

Default: ?.

Maximum allowed excitation current at E

1

.

Possible values: 0.03 mA to 30000 mA or soft key

?

3

.

Default: ?.

x x x x



2. If the question mark is entered, half the voltage entered or measured for E k

is used.

3. If the question mark is entered, the CT Analyzer uses the excitation current measured at the voltage value defined at E

1

. In this case, the assessment for this parameter is OK.


Specific parameters and settings displayed for IEC 60044-1 metering CTs

The following parameters are only displayed in the CT-Object card if the standard IEC 60044-1 is selected with the type "Metering CT".


FS Instrument security factor acc. to IEC 60044-1.

ext

Possible values: Integer value from 1 to 30 or soft keys ?

1

, FS1,

FS1.5, FS2, FS5, FS10, FS20 or FS30.

Default: ?.

Extended current rating.

Possible values: 100 to 400 % or soft keys 120%, 150%, 200%,

300%, 400%.

Default: 120 %.



Specific parameters and settings displayed for IEC 60044-6

The following parameters are only displayed in the CT-Object card if the standard IEC 60044-6 is selected.


IEC 60044-6 class

Kssc

Tp

Rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor.

Possible values: 1 to 300 or soft keys ?

1

, 3, 5,

7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, 20, 25, 30, 40 or 50.

Default: ?.

Primary time constant.

Possible values: 0.000 to 5.000 s or soft keys

20ms, 40ms, 60ms, 80ms, 100ms or 120ms.

T p

depends on K as follows:

T p

= x x x x x x x x

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70



IEC 60044-6 class

K

V-al

I-al

E1

Ie1

Ktd

Duty t1

Dimensioning factor.

Possible values: 1 to 1572.

K depends on T p

as described above for T p

.

Rated equivalent excitation limiting secondary voltage.

Possible values: 0 to 9999 V or soft key ?.

Default: ?.

Accuracy limiting secondary excitation current.

Possible values: 0.03 mA to 30 A or soft key ?.

Default: ?.

User-defined e.m.f. to verify the excitation current at this specific e.m.f.

Possible values: 0.1 to 20000 V or soft key ?

2

.

Maximum allowed excitation current at E

1

(userdefined e.m.f.).

Possible values: 0.03 mA to 30 A or soft key ?

3

.

Rated transient dimensioning factor.

Possible values: 1.0 to 2043 or soft key ?.

Default: ?.

Specified duty cycle.

Using the soft keys, two different energizing cycles can be selected: C-O or C-O-C-O

Default: C-O.

Duration of first current flow. The specified accuracy limit must not be reached within time t al1

.

Possible values: 0.000 to 5.000 s or soft key

100ms.

Default: 0.1 s.

x x x x x x x x x x x x



IEC 60044-6 class

t2 t-al1 t-al2 tfr

Ts

Duration of second current flow. The specified accuracy limit must not be reached within time t al2

.

Note: Only displayed if "Duty" is C-O-C-O.


100ms.

Default: 0.1 s.

Permissible time to accuracy limit for first energizing period of the duty cycle.

Possible values: 0.000 to 5.000 s and max. t

1

or soft key 40ms.

Default: 0.04 s.

Permissible time to accuracy limit for second energizing period of the duty cycle.


Possible values: 0.000 to 5.000 s and max. t

2

or soft key 40ms.

Default: 0.04 s.

Dead time between first opening and reclosure.



300ms.

Default: 0.3 s.

Specified secondary time constant.

Possible values: 0.000 to 100.0 s or soft key ?.

Default: ?.

x x x x x x x x x x



2. If the question mark is entered, half the voltage entered or measured for E k

is used.

3. If the question mark is entered, the CT Analyzer uses the excitation current measured at the voltage value defined at E

1

. In this case, the assessment for this parameter is OK.

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72


Specific parameters and settings displayed for IEEE C57.13 protection CTs

The following parameters are only displayed in the CT-Object card if the

IEEE C57.13 standard is selected with the type "Protection CT".


Vb Rated secondary terminal voltage.

Possible values: Integer values from 10 to 1200 V or soft keys

?

1

, 10V, 20V, 50V, 100V, 200V, 400V or 800V.

Default: ?.



Specific parameters and settings displayed for IEEE C57.13 metering CTs

The following parameters are only displayed in the CT-Object card if the

IEEE C57.13 standard is selected with the type "Metering CT".


RF Continuous current rating factor.

Possible values: Value from 1.0 to 4.0 or soft keys RF1.5, RF2,

RF3 or RF4.

Default: 2.


7.3

Burden Card

The Burden card is only available if it is enabled on the Select Cards page

(Default Test Card Selection or Select Cards soft key in the CT-Object card).

Using the Burden card, a current transformer’s secondary burden impedance can be measured with the selected secondary current (I sn

If a current other than I sn current can be entered in the "I-test" parameter field.

) at nominal frequency.

should be used to test the burden, the desired test

No soft keys are available in the Burden card.

Figure 7-4 Burden card

If the CT Analyzer cannot reach the desired test current I test

, an overload message is displayed in the right-hand corner of the status line.

7.3.1

Test Settings

The following settings can be done in the Burden card.


I-test Test current used to measure the external burden.

After clearing the test results or when starting a new CT test, the test current is automatically chosen as follows:

Value for I-sn in CT-Object card

"?" e.g. "?" e.g. 5A e.g. 5A

Value for I-test in Burden card

none e.g. 5A none e.g. 1A

Test current used for burden test

1A

5A (value of I-test)

5A (value of I-sn)

1A (value of I-test)

It is possible to overwrite the default test current using the keyboard (0.1 to 5A). Always verify the test current settings

prior to starting the test in order to avoid damaging of the

CT or other equipment.

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7.3.2

Test Results

The lower part of the Burden card shows the results of the burden test after the test is finished.


I-meas Current measured during the test.

V-meas

Burden /

Cos ϕ

Voltage measured at the load during the test.

Burden and cos ϕ calculated from the measured quantities.

Z

If the rated secondary current is not known, the result field will only show "n/a" as long as I sn

is not defined.

Impedance of the burden calculated from the measured quantities.

7.3.3

Connecting the Burden and Running the Test

1. For the burden test, connect the burden to the CT Analyzer as shown in

Figure 7-5 (left). You can display the connection diagram by pressing the

?

key while the Burden card is open.

Figure 7-5 CT Analyzer help page for burden wiring (left) and wiring check message displayed prior to burden test (right)

2. In the Burden card, use the default test current or enter the desired test current to parameter "I-test" and start the burden test by pressing the

I/0

key.

3. A message appears prior to the test notifying you that you should check the

wiring before running the test (see Figure 7-5, right).

Check the wiring (see Figure 7-5, left) and then press the Start Test soft key

to start the burden test. Or press Cancel Test to abort the burden test.

If you do not want to execute the burden test, press Skip Test. This will skip the burden test and immediately start the CT test without a previous burden test. This allows you to repeat the CT test without repeating the burden test.


7.4

Residual Magnetism Card

Note: Residual magnetism is an optional feature. The functionality described below is only available if you have purchased a corresponding license. For further information, please contact your OMICRON electronics GmbH sales contact or the OMICRON electronics GmbH office nearest you.

The Residual Magnetism card is only available if it is enabled on the

Select Cards page (Default Test Card Selection or Select Cards soft key in the

CT-Object card).

High transient currents or DC currents applied to the primary side of a CT can cause saturation effects inside the CT with a possible subsequent displacement of the operating point on the CT’s excitation curve. The CT then has a residual magnetic flux in its core even if no current is applied on the primary side. The CT has residual magnetism.

Residual magnetism in CTs may cause erroneous tripping or prevent tripping of the connected protection relay since the behavior of the CT is no longer as specified and expected.

Using the Residual Magnetism card it is possible to measure the residual magnetism of CTs.

The CT Analyzer performs demagnetization of the CT after the test is finished. Please note that the residual magnetism the CT had prior to testing gets lost through the test.

Figure 7-6 Residual Magnetism card

Note: The wiring for residual magnetism measurement is identical to the wiring

for a normal CT test (see section 4.3 ”Basic Wiring for a CT Test” on page 25).

Note: Gapped cores normally have very low residual magnetism. The

CT Analyzer is possibly not able to determine the knee point of gapped cores.

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76


7.4.1

Test Settings and Results

The following settings and test results are displayed in the Residual Magnetism card.

Parameter

I-sn

Description

Nominal secondary current of the CT as entered in the

CT-Object card.

The I sn

of the CT has to be specified prior to the execution of the residual magnetism measurement. Otherwise, a corresponding message is displayed.

Residual Flux Absolute value [in Vs] of the residual magnetic flux in the CT determined by the CT Analyzer.

The residual flux is always displayed after measurement, even if the CT Analyzer could not determine the residual magnetism and the remanence factor.

Residual

Magnetism

Residual magnetism [in %] of the CT, calculated from the residual flux and the saturation flux as follows:

Residual magnetism M r

=

Residual flux

Ψ res

Saturation flux

Ψ s

Remanence

Factor Kr

No value is displayed if the CT Analyzer was not able to reach the knee point of the excitation curve and thus could not determine the remanence factor K r

.

The value displayed for the residual magnetism can exceed

100 % since the CT may possibly provide a saturation flux higher than the saturation flux Ψ s

determined by the

CT Analyzer during the measurement of the remanence factor K r

. The calculation of the residual magnetism however uses the saturation flux

Ψ s

as defined in IEC 60044 and not the maximum possible saturation flux of the CT.

Remanence factor [in %] of the CT, calculated from the remanent flux and the saturation flux as follows:

Remanence factor K r

=

Remanent flux

Ψ r

Saturation flux

Ψ s

No value is displayed if the CT Analyzer was not able to reach the knee point of the excitation curve.


7.5

Resistance Card

The Resistance card is only available if winding resistance measurement is enabled in the Select Cards page (Default Test Card Selection or Select Cards soft key in the CT-Object card).

The Select Cards page offers two different types of winding resistance measurements for selection:

• Primary winding resistance measurement (only required in case of a perceptible primary winding resistance, i.e., if the primary winding actually

consists of multiple turns). See section 7.5.1 on page 78 for more

information.

• Secondary winding resistance measurement (always required for CT testing for particular calculations in the excitation and ratio test). See section

7.5.2 on page 79 for more information.

Depending on your selection on the Select Cards page, the Resistance card shows the parameters and results for the primary winding resistance measurement or the secondary winding resistance measurement only, or for both measurements.

Figure 7-7 Resistance card showing parameters and results for primary

and secondary winding resistance measurement

Figure 7-8 Resistance card for secondary winding resistance measurement only (left) and for primary winding resistance measurement only (right)

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78


7.5.1

Primary Winding Resistance Measurement

Measuring the primary winding resistance is only required in case of a perceptible primary winding resistance, i.e., if the primary winding actually consists of multiple turns.

Note: If no CT test is performed following the primary winding resistance test, a demagnetizing cycle is performed after the test to guarantee complete demagnetization of the CT.

Wiring for primary winding resistance measurement and running the test

Primary winding resistance measurement is performed prior to the CT test and requires special wiring.

1. Press the

I/0

key to start the test.

2. A message appears notifying you that you should check the wiring before running the primary winding resistance test.

3. Press the

?

key to open the help page showing the connection diagram

and connect the CT to the CT Analyzer as shown in Figure 7-9.

Note: If you do not want to execute the primary winding resistance measurement, press the Skip Test soft key instead of changing the wiring.

This will skip the primary winding resistance measurement and immediately start the CT test. This allows you to repeat the CT test without repeating the primary winding resistance measurement.

Figure 7-9 CT Analyzer help page for primary winding resistance measurement

4. Press the Start Test soft key to start the primary winding resistance measurement.

5. When the primary winding resistance measurement is finished, a message appears notifying you that you have to change the wiring again before running the CT test.


6. Press the

?

key to open the help page showing the connection diagram and change the wiring to connect the CT Analyzer for the CT test as shown

in Figure 7-10.

Note: If you do not want to execute the CT test, press the Skip Test soft key instead of changing the wiring. This will skip the CT test and immediately perform the demagnetization cycle to finish the test. This allows you to repeat the primary winding resistance measurement without repeating the CT test.

Figure 7-10 CT Analyzer help page for CT test wiring

7. Press the Start Test soft key to start the CT test.

7.5.2

Secondary Winding Resistance Measurement

During the CT test, secondary winding resistance measurement is necessary since the CT winding resistance is needed for particular calculations in the excitation and ratio test.

This measurement is performed completely automatically.

Note: If only a secondary winding resistance test is selected, a demagnetizing cycle is performed after the test to guarantee complete demagnetization of the

CT.

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80


7.5.3

Test Settings and Results

The following settings are required to perform a winding resistance test.


T-meas Winding temperature of the CT at the time of measurement.

Value used:

Ambient Temperature defined in the Settings (main menu).

If this temperature is not set correctly, the reference resistance value (R ref

) at reference temperature will not be calculated correctly.

T-ref Reference temperature, i.e, temperature the CT is specified for.

Value used:

Reference temperature defined in the Settings (main menu).

The winding resistance at reference temperature is calculated from the winding resistance measured at ambient temperature

(T meas

) and the specified reference temperature.

The following parameters show the results of the winding resistance test after the test is finished.


I-DC Current used for measurement. Selected automatically, cannot be changed by the user.

Secondary winding resistance measurement only:

If I sn

is between 0.1 and 1 A, I

DC

is automatically set to I sn

.

If I sn

is lower than 0.1 A, I

DC

is automatically set to 0.1 A.

Maximum value: 1 A.

V-DC

R-meas

R-ref

Primary winding resistance measurement only:

Maximum value: 10 A.

Measured voltage.

Measured resistance at ambient temperature.

Reference resistance (temperature-compensated resistance, compensated to T ref

).


7.6

Excitation Card

The Excitation card is only available if it is enabled in the Select Cards page


The excitation test is used to trace the excitation curve of the current transformer and to determine many CT-specific parameters (see test results below). The test is done completely automatically up to a current of 15 A peak

.

CTs with closed cores can be tested up to a knee point voltage of 30 kV. For CTs with gapped cores the maximum test voltage and current are limited depending on the maximum output power of the device. Typical maximum current and voltage values for a TPZ core are 9 A rms

at 1200 V rms

.

The settings for the excitation test are specified in the CT-Object card. For a better understanding of the test results, the most important settings from the

CT-Object card are shown in the upper part of the Excitation card.

The test results displayed in the lower part of the Excitation card depend on the standard selected in the CT-Object card. Using the soft keys, the user can choose between different sets of results. If the Results with Nom. Burden soft key is pressed, the page shows the results related to the nominal burden ("VA" parameter in CT-Object card). If the Results with Op. Burden soft key is pressed, the page shows the results related to the operating burden ("Burden" parameter in CT-Object card).

Pressing the Excit. Graph soft key opens a page with the excitation graph (see

page 87).

Pressing the AL Error Graph soft key opens a page with a graph showing the maximum possible primary current (K * I pn

) that can flow over a specific burden without exceeding the accuracy limit (5 % or 10 %).

Figure 7-11 Excitation card with values related to nominal burden

If the CT Analyzer displays an overload in the Excitation card, either the desired knee point could not be reached or not all necessary measurement points could be taken (e.g. in the knee point area, not enough points for a proper calculation of the knee point could be measured).

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82


7.6.1


Opens the excitation graph page (refer to section 7.6.4 on page 87).

Displays the results related to the nominal burden of the CT.

Displays the results related to the operating burden.

Opens the AL error graph page (refer to section 7.6.5 on page 89).

This graph is part of Chinese standards and shows the maximum possible primary current (K * I pn

) that can flow over a specific burden without exceeding the accuracy limit.

7.6.2

Test Settings

The upper part of the Excitation card shows the test settings adjusted in the

CT-Object card.

7.6.3

Test Results

The test results are displayed in the lower part of the Excitation card. The display of test results depends on the following:

• The standard defined in the CT-Object card, the class and the type of CT

(measurement or protection CT).

The following tables provide an overview of which test results (parameters) are displayed for which standard.

• The burden selected with the soft key (Results with Nom. Burden or

Results with Op. Burden).

Depending on the selected burden, the Excitation card shows the results either calculated with the nominal burden (Results with Nom. Burden) or calculated with the operating burden (Results with Op. Burden).

The displayed pages are identical to a large extend, except the field label for the burden parameter ("VA" in case of nominal burden and "Burden" in case of operating burden) and the result values.


Test results displayed in the Excitation card for IEC 60044-1

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

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84


Parameter

Description Results displayed for

IEC 60044-1 protection CTs metering

P PR PX

CTs

E1

Ie1

FS

FSi

User-defined e.m.f. to verify the excitation current at this e.m.f.

Max. allowed excitation current at E

1

.

Instrument security factor according to

IEC 60044-1 direct measurement method, calculated for nominal and operating burden.

1

Instrument security factor according to

IEC 60044-1 indirect measurement method, calculated for nominal and operating burden.

1 x x x x

1. If the CT Analyzer is not able to measure up to the actual value, the prefix ">" is displayed to indicate that the measurement value is larger than the displayed value.


Test results displayed in the Excitation card for IEC 60044-6

Parameter

Description Results displayed for

IEC 60044-6 prot. CTs

V-kn

I-kn

Kssc

Ls

Lm

Ts

Kr

V-al

I-al

E1

Ie1

E-max

^

ε

Ktd

Knee point voltage according to standard.

x

Knee point current according to standard.

x

Rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor at accuracy limit with the selected load.

1 x

Saturated inductance.

Non-saturated inductance.

Secondary time constant.

Remanence factor.

x x x x

Accuracy limiting voltage according to

IEC 60044-6 for class TPS (that point on the excitation graph where an increase of the e.m.f. r.m.s. voltage (core flux) by

10 % causes an increase of the peak current by 100 %).

Accuracy limiting current according to

IEC 60044-6 class TPS (at V al

).

User-defined e.m.f. to verify the excitation current at this e.m.f.

Max. allowed excitation current at E

1

.

Maximum e.m.f. voltage.

x x x x

This parameter allows the determination of the working point on the excitation curve that would be reached with the entered settings.

Peak instantaneous error at voltage E max

.

Theoretical transient dimensioning factor.

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


85

86


Test results displayed in the Excitation card for IEEE C57.13

Parameter

Ts

Kr

Vb

FS

V-kn

I-kn

Ls

Lm

FSi

Description

Knee point voltage according to standard.

Knee point current according to standard.

Saturated inductance.

Non-saturated inductance.


Remanence factor.

Rated secondary terminal voltage.

Instrument security factor (direct measurement method), calculated for nominal and operating burden.

1

Instrument security factor (indirect measurement method), calculated for nominal and operating burden.

1

Results displayed for

IEEE C57.13

protection

CT

x x x x x x x

metering

CT

x x x x x x x x



7.6.4

Excitation Graph

The excitation graph page shows the graph calculated from the test results. To display the excitation graph, press the Exit. Graph soft key in the Excitation card. The graph shows the r.m.s. terminal/core voltage over the r.m.s./peak current depending on the selected standard.

On the bottom right of the diagram the voltage, current and inductance values for the selected point in the graph are displayed. The currently selected point in the graph is marked by a horizontal and a vertical dashed line.

In this page it is possible to load the excitation graph of an already saved test from the Compact Flash card in order to compare this graph with the one of the current test.

Figure 7-12 Excitation graph

Definition of axes in the excitation graph for different standards

Standard

IEC 60044-1

IEC 60044-6

IEEE C57.13

Vertical axis

r.m.s. terminal voltage r.m.s. e.m.f. voltage r.m.s. e.m.f. voltage

Horizontal axis

r.m.s. excitation current peak excitation current r.m.s. excitation current

Available soft keys

Moves the cursor upwards on the excitation graph.

Moves the cursor downwards on the excitation graph.

Switches off the display of values on the bottom right of the diagram.

If you have switched off the values, this soft key changes to Text On to switch the values display on again.

87

88


Closes the excitation graph and brings you back to the Excitation card.

Moves the cursor to the knee point on the graph according to the selected standard.

If two or more knee points could be found on the graph, this soft key is alternately labelled Knee Point 1 or Knee Point 2, depending on which knee point the cursor is actually positioned to. By pressing the soft key you can switch between knee point 1 and knee point 2.

After opening the excitation graph, the cursor shows the topmost knee point (knee point 1) and the soft key is labelled Knee Point 2.

Moves the cursor to the knee point on the reference graph. This soft key is only available if a reference graph is loaded.

If the reference graph loaded has two or more knee points, this soft key is alternately labelled Ref. Knee Point 1 or Ref. Knee Point 2, depending on which knee point the cursor is actually positioned to.

By pressing the soft key you can switch between knee point 1 and knee point 2.

After loading the reference graph, the cursor shows the topmost knee point (knee point 1) and the soft key is labelled

Ref. Knee Point 2.

Opens the file system card to select a previous test in order to load the excitation curve of this test as a reference curve and compare it with the current one.

The reference curve is displayed as a dotted line in addition to the excitation curve of the actual test. If a reference curve is loaded, the values V ref

, I ref

and L ref

are displayed in addition to the measured values.

Switches off the reference curve from the display. If you have switched off the reference curve, the soft key changes to Ref. On to switch the reference curve on again.

This soft key is only available if a reference curve has been loaded.

By pressing one of these soft keys you can display the measured excitation graph and knee point as defined in the respective standard.

Note: The test report only contains the graph for the standard selected in the CT-Object card.


Viewing the measured values for different points on the graph

By default, the knee point values are displayed after opening the excitation graph page. However, you can also view the corresponding voltage, current and inductance values for any point on the graph. To select a specific point on the graph,

• either use the soft keys (Cursor Up, Cursor Down, Knee Point)

• or enter a specific voltage or current value using the keyboard:

– Select the desired edit field using the cursor keys.

– Enter the desired voltage or current value using the keyboard.

– Press the key to apply the entered value and read the corresponding values in the respective fields (e.g. "V-meas" and "L-meas" if you have entered a current "I-meas").

Figure 7-13 Entering a current value to display its corresponding voltage and inductance values on the excitation graph

7.6.5

Accuracy Limiting Error Graph*

*

According to the "China Electric Regulations for protection CTs".

To display the AL error graph, press the AL Error Graph soft key in the

Excitation card.

Note: The "AL Error Graph" function can be switched on or off in the device settings (Main Menu, entry "Settings" -> Setting Menu, entry "Accur. Limiting

Error Graph"). If switched off, the AL error graph is not included in the test report.

All standards are supported, except IEC 60044-6 class TPZ.

Figure 7-14 AL error graph

89

90


Available soft keys

Moves the cursor upwards on the error graph.

Moves the cursor downwards on the error graph.

Switches off the display of values on the top right of the diagram. If you have switched off the values, this soft key changes to Text On to switch the values display on again.

Closes the AL error graph and brings you back to the Excitation card.

Moves the cursor to that point on the error graph that corresponds to the nominal burden value defined in the "VA" field of the CT-Object card (value entered by the user or determined by the CT Analyzer).

Moves the cursor to that point on the error graph that corresponds to the operating burden value defined in the "Burden" field of the

CT-Object card (value entered by the user or determined by the

CT Analyzer).

Viewing the measured values for different points on the graph

By default, the cursor is positioned to the nominal burden values after opening this page.

To select a specific point on the graph:

• Select the desired edit field "K-Value" or "Burden" using the keys and enter the desired value using the keyboard.

cursor

• Press the key to apply the entered value and read the corresponding value in the respective field.


7.7

Ratio Card

The Ratio card is only available if it is enabled in the Select Cards page (Default

Test Settings or Select Cards soft key in the CT-Object card).

The ratio test measures the current ratio of the CT considering the operating burden (parameter "Burden" in CT-Object card) or the nominal burden

(parameter "VA" in CT-Object card).

The results of the ratio test can be found in 3 pages:

• The Ratio card shows the polarity, the ratio error and phase displacement for the primary current and the operating burden defined in the CT-Object card

(refer to Figure 7-15).

• The ratio table shows the current ratio error for different currents (200 % down to 1 % of the rated current) at 100 %, 50 % and 25 % of the nominal burden (as defined in the "VA" field of the CT-Object card), and at 1 VA.

• The phase table shows the phase displacement for different currents at

100 %, 50 % and 25 % of the nominal burden (as defined in the "VA" field of the CT-Object card), and at 1 VA.

For a better understanding of the test results, the most important settings from the CT-Object card are shown once again in the upper part of the Ratio card.

Note: Although the test is not performed with the real current, the test results reflect the current ratio and not the voltage ratio.

Figure 7-15 Ratio card

7.7.1


Displays the ratio table (refer to section 7.7.4 on page 93).

Displays the phase table (refer to section 7.7.4 on page 93).

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92


7.7.2

Test Settings

The following settings can be done in the Ratio test card.


I-p Primary current for calculation of the ratio error and phase displacement with the burden (operating burden) defined in the

CT-Object card.

After the test is finished, it is possible to change the value for the primary current. The ratio error and/or the phase error are then recalculated and displayed again. When storing the test results, the currently displayed measurement results are stored.

Changing this value only influences the results displayed in the

Ratio card (operating burden related values). It does not affect the values displayed in the separate pages for the ratio and phase tables (values related to nominal burden).

Default: Value of I pn

7.7.3

Test Results

The following test results are displayed in the lower part of the Ratio card. In addition to the results displayed in the Ratio card you can view the ratio and

phase table pages described in section 7.7.4 on page 93.

N

ε t


Ratio Current ratio error (in %) at the specified primary current (I burden.

p

) and

Pol.

OK: Polarity OK, phase angle is in the range of 0° ± 45°.

Failed: Wrong polarity of the CT or wrong polarity of the measurement leads.

ε

C

Phase

Composite error in % at the specified primary current (I p

) and operating burden.

This parameter is only displayed if the IEC 60044-1 standard is selected in the CT-Object card.

Phase displacement (in minutes) at the specified primary current (I p

) and burden.

Winding turns ratio.

Turns ratio error acc. to IEC 60044-6 class TPS or IEC 60044-1 class PX.



RCF Ratio correction factor.

TCF

This parameter is only displayed if the IEEE C57.13 standard is selected in the CT-Object card.

Transformer correction factor.

This parameter is only displayed if the IEEE C57.13 standard is selected in the CT-Object card.

7.7.4

Ratio Table and Phase Table

To display the ratio table or the phase table, press the Ratio Table or

Phase Table soft key in the Ratio card.

These tables show the ratio error and the phase displacement

• for different current values (between 1 % and 200 % of the rated current). If the IEEE C57.13 standard is selected, the value at I of the 200 % value.

pn

* RF is shown instead

• at 100 %, 50 % and 25 % of the nominal burden (defined in the "VA" field of the CT-Object card) and at 1 VA if the standard IEC 60044-1 or IEC 60044-6 is selected.

• at the standard burden values if IEEE C57.13 is selected.

The ratio table and the phase table contain all measurement points defined in the supported standards.

Use the cursor keys to scroll through the table columns (1% of rated current to 200 % of rated current).

Note: Values without the prefix "!" have guaranteed accuracy. The accuracy of values marked with a "!" in the tables is reduced by factor 2.

Figure 7-16 Calling the ratio table in the Ratio card

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94


Figure 7-17 Calling the phase table in the Ratio card


7.8

Assessment Card

The Assessment card is only available if it is enabled in the Select Cards page


Depending on the standard and the type of CT (protection or metering CT), the according parameters are listed.

The column for automatic assessment ("Auto") is automatically filled after the test is finished. The following assessments are possible:

• "OK": The results measured for this parameter comply with the requirements defined by the selected standard and the parameters in the CT-Object card.

• "Failed": The results do not comply with the requirements.

• "n/a": No assessment possible due to one of the following reasons:

• Comparison with input parameter is not possible.

• Assessment does not make sense due to incorrect polarity or invalid measurement value.

It is also possible to perform a manual assessment for the individual parameters.

To do this, select the parameter to be assessed using the cursor keys and apply your assessment using the OK, Failed or ? soft key.

Figure 7-18 Assessment card (example)

Note: Automatic assessment is only performed for the CT behavior at nominal burden ("VA" parameter on the CT-Object card). For the CT behavior at operating burden ("Burden" parameter on the CT-Object card), no automatic assessment is performed.

95

96


7.8.1

Assessed Parameters

Parameters assessed for standard IEC 60044-1

Parameter

Description

Kr

Δϕ

ε

ε c

ε t

Class Accuracy class according to standard.

Rct Secondary winding resistance.

Burden Manual assessment of the user for the burden test (no automatic assessment performed).

Remanence factor.

Phase deviation.

Current ratio error.

Composite error.

Ts

FS

FSi

Turns ratio error (included in class).


Instrument security factor (direct measurement method).

Instrument security factor (indirect measurement method).

ALF

ALFi

Ek

Kx

Ie

Ie1

Accuracy limiting factor (direct measurement method).

Accuracy limiting factor (indirect measurement method).

Rated knee point e.m.f.

Dimensioning factor (according to

IEC 60044-1 class PX).


Max. allowed secondary excitation current at E

1

.

Parameter assessed for IEC 60044-1, prot. CTs

P, PR PX 0.1

metering CTs

0.1s,

0.2, 0.2s,

0.5, 0.5s, 1 3, 5

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


Parameters assessed for standard IEC 60044-6

Parameter

Description Parameter assessed for IEC 60044-6, protection CTs

Class

Rct

Accuracy class according to standard.

DC winding resistance.


Phase deviation.

Δϕ

ε

ε t

^

ε

Ts

Current ratio error.

Turns ratio error (included in class).

Peak instantaneous error at voltage E max

.

Kr


Remanence factor.

Ktd * Kssc Transient dimensioning factor (K td

) multiplied by the rated symmetrical shortcircuit current factor (K ssc

).

K * Kssc Dimensioning factor (K) multiplied by the rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor (K ssc

).

V-al

I-al

Rated equivalent excitation limiting secondary voltage.


Ie1 Max. allowed secondary excitation current at E

1

.

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

97

98


Parameters assessed for standard IEEE C57.13

Parameter Description Parameter assessed for

IEEE C57.13

IEEE

C57.13.6

prot. CTs, class meter.

CTs

C T X K

1 high accuracy meter.

CTs

Class Accuracy class according to standard.

DC winding resistance.

Rct


ε

@ Isn

Current ratio error at secondary current I sn

.

ε

@ 20 * Isn Current ratio error at 20 times the secondary current I sn

.

Vknee

Vk / Ik

Vk1 / Ik1

Δϕ

RCF

Knee point voltage.

User-defined measuring point.

User-defined measuring point 1.

Phase deviation.

Ratio correction factor.

1. Acc. to IEEE C57.13 (1993) x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x


7.9

Comment Card

The Comment card is only available if it is enabled in the Select Cards page


In the Comment card you can enter any text, e.g. additional notes regarding the current test.

Figure 7-19 Comment card

99

100


CT Testing Using the Guesser Function

8

8.1

8.2


For standard current transformers built according to IEC 60044-1 and

IEEE C57.13, the guesser function of the CT Analyzer allows the automatic determination of all relevant CT parameters without prior knowledge of the nominal CT data.

The guesser function of the CT Analyzer is intended as an aid for the user to find out the data of unknown CTs. It is able to determine the CT data (I prim class, ratio, etc.) and to assess whether the connected CT fulfills the

, I sec

, specifications or not.

Caution: The data and values determined by the CT Analyzer using the guesser function are not guaranteed and have to be verified by the user.

Connecting the CT

Connect the CT to the CT Analyzer as shown on the front panel. Be sure that the polarity of all wires is correct.

1. Secondary side of the CT to input "Sec" and "Output" of the CT Analyzer.

2. Primary side of the CT to CT Analyzer input "Prim".

Preparing the Test

If the CT Analyzer is already switched on:

1. If necessary, display the CT-Object card and then press the Main soft key to display the main menu.

2. Select New CT Test from the main menu and press the OK soft key to initialize a new CT test.


If the CT Analyzer is switched off:

1. Switch the CT Analyzer on.

2. After the boot process is finished, the green LED is on and the red LED is off.


I/0

101

102


8.3

Running the Test

Starting the test

1. After switching the CT Analyzer on or after initializing a new test from the main menu, the default CT-Object card is displayed.

Figure 8-1 Empty CT-Object card after initializing a new test

2. Start the test by pressing the

I/0

key.

3. Possibly, the burden test and the primary winding resistance measurement are enabled for the default CT test.

In this case, the CT Analyzer will display a corresponding message, asking

you to check the wiring for the test (refer Figure 8-2). If so, press the Skip

Test soft key to skip the burden test and/or the primary winding resistance measurement.

I/0

Figure 8-2 Check wiring message for burden test (left) and for primary winding resistance mesurement (right)

Note: For information how to enable or disable test cards, refer to

section "Default Test Card Selection" on page 53.

4. The CT Analyzer then displays a message asking you to check the wiring for the CT test. Press the Start Test soft key to start the CT test.

5. The CT Analyzer starts the fully automatic CT test. The red LED flashes to indicate that the test is running.


Automatic test step 1: CT resistance measurement

The CT Analyzer measures the secondary winding resistance of the CT.

Figure 8-3 Resistance card with results after the test is finished

Automatic test step 2: Determination of the excitation characteristic

The CT Analyzer measures the excitation curve and determines the knee point and other important CT data. Depending on the knee point voltage, the

CT Analyzer decides whether the connected CT is a metering CT or a protection

CT.

Figure 8-4 Excitation card with results after the test is finished

Automatic test step 3: Ratio measurement

The CT Analyzer then measures the current ratio error, the phase error, the composite error and the polarity. The CT Analyzer calculates the ratio error for the operating burden (parameter Burden in the CT-Object card) and the nominal burden (parameter VA in the CT-Object card).

Figure 8-5 Ratio error and phase displacement for operating burden after

the test is finished

103

104


8.4

After the Test is Finished

After the test is finished, the CT-Object card displays the CT data determined

during the test (refer to Figure 8-6).

Figure 8-6 CT-Object card after the test is finished

Now, you can enter the "Location" and "Object" details and save the test (use the cursor keys to scroll within the card and select the edit fields).

Figure 8-7 CT-Object card after the test, ready to enter location details

(left) and ready to save the test (right)

The CT Analyzer also performed an automatic assessment of the measured

results. This assessment can be viewed on the Assessment card (Figure 8-8).

Figure 8-8 Assessment card after the test is finished

If desired, you can view the individual measurement results acquired during the test by viewing the Resistance card, the Excitation card and the Ratio card, as

shown in the figures 8-3 to 8-5 above.

Using the Quick Test Feature

9

9.1


Note: Quick Test is an optional feature. The functionality described in this chapter is only available if you have purchased a corresponding license. For further information, please contact your OMICRON electronics GmbH sales contact or the OMICRON electronics GmbH office nearest you.

If your CT Analyzer provides a vaild license for Quick Test, the functional scope described in this chapter is also available in the CTA Quick Test PC software included in the CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

Safety Notes and Notes for Using Quick Test

Warning: For VT ratio measurement, the CT Analyzer output has to be connected to the primary side of the VT. Connecting the CT Analyzer output to the secondary side of the VT by mistake may cause hazardous voltages on the primary side!

Warning: Using the DC current mode of the Advanced measurement type may be very dangerous! It is not possible to interrupt the circuit using a standard relay or a standard circuit breaker. Due to the arc, contact clearances of up to

10 mm are required to switch off the current.

Caution: When using Quick Test, input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer is able to measure voltages up to 150 V

RMS

. Do not connect voltages above 150 V or even mains voltages to the CT Analyzer inputs! This will damage the

CT Analyzer!

Caution: When performing measurements on CTs using Quick Test, consider that the CT Analyzer does not perform automatic demagnetization of the CT.

Therefore, it may be necessary to additionally run a normal CT test with its automatic demagnetizing cycle following Quick Test measurements for a CT.

105

106


9.2

Introduction to Quick Test

Using Quick Test it is possible to use the CT Analyzer as a versatile multimeter with included power source.

Possible fields of application for Quick Test are:

• Quick and easy resistance measurement, e.g. for wiring checks on the secondary side of CTs.

• Quick voltage ratio checks for VTs.

• Measurement of burden values, e.g. to determine the new burden value after changes of the relay equipment. This allows the re-calculation of the CT test results for the new burden value by the CT Analyzer and thus makes it unnecessary to run an additional CT test in order to determine the behavior of the CT with the new burden.

The user interface of Quick Test consists of two test cards, the CT-Quick card containing the measurement parameters and the Results card showing the

results of the measurement. Figure 9-1 shows the test cards for a resistance

measurement as an example.

Figure 9-1 CT-Quick test card (left) and Results test card (right) for resistance measurement

Note: For a general description of the CT Analyzer user interface and basic procedures how to operate the CT Analyzer and the Quick Test tool, please

refer to chapter 6 on page 45.

To select a measurement type, use the cursor key to move the cursor to the Measurement Type field in the CT-Quick card and then press the corresponding soft key of the measurement type.


The following measurement types are available in Quick Test.

Meas. type

Advanced

CT Ratio

VT Ratio

Resistance

Impedance

Reactance

Usage

Provides complete multimeter measurement functionality and free adjustment of all measurement quantities, such as

AC or DC signal output, voltage or current output, output frequency, measurement mode (DC, RMS or frequencyselective) for the input, etc.

For details, please refer to section 9.4 on page 108.

Predefined type, especially intended for quick measurement of CT ratios. Adjustable measurement quantities are the voltage and the frequency of the output signal and the resistance and inductance of the CT to be measured.


Predefined type, especially intended for quick measurement of VT ratios. Adjustable measurement quantities are the voltage and the frequency of the output signal.


Predefined type, especially intended for quick measurement of resistances. The only adjustable measurement quantity is the value of the output current.


Predefined type, especially intended for quick measurement of impedances. Adjustable measurement quantities are the amplitude and the frequency of the current output signal.


Predefined type, especially intended for quick measurement of reactances. Adjustable measurement quantities are the voltage and the frequency of the output signal.


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108


9.3

Performing Measurements with Quick Test

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

-> CT-Quick card

Proceed as follows to perform measurements using the Quick Test feature:

1. Select New Quick-Test from the main menu and press the OK soft key to open Quick Test. The display then shows the CT-Quick card.

Figure 9-2 CT-Quick card

2. Select the measurement type and connect your test object to the

CT Analyzer correspondingly (see sections 9.4 to 9.9 below).

3. Define your measurement quantities.

4. Start and stop your measurement by pressing the

I/0

key.

5. After starting a measurement, the Results card is displayed automatically, showing the measurement results.

9.4

Advanced Measurement

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

CT-Quick card:

Measurement Type:

Advanced

The Advanced measurement type offers complete multimeter measurement functionality and free adjustment of all measurement quantities, such as AC or

DC signal output, voltage or current output, output frequency, measurement mode (DC, RMS or frequency-selective) for the input, etc.

Using the Advanced measurement type it is also possible to use input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer as a voltmeter for measuring external voltages up to

150 V

RMS

with frequencies up to 4 kHz.

Caution: When using Quick Test, input "Sec" of the CT Analyzer is able to measure voltages up to 150 V

RMS

. Do not connect voltages above 150 V or even mains voltages to the CT Analyzer inputs! This will damage the

CT Analyzer!


Figure 9-3 CT-Quick card and Results card for Advanced measurement type

For the Advanced measurement type, all measurement quantities available in the CT-Quick card can be adjusted by the user.

For this measurement type, the CT-Quick card holds the following measurement quantities: f

Parameter

Output

V/I

Amplitude

Description

Output signal type AC or DC or output signal switched off.

Possible values: AC or DC or Off. Default: AC.

Operating mode of the internal signal generator: voltage or current source.

Possible values: U (voltage) or I (current). Default: Voltage

RMS voltage or current value of the output signal.

Possible values:

Mode "AC" and "Voltage": 0 to 40 V

Mode "DC" and "Voltage": 0 to 120 V

Mode "AC" and "Current": 0 to 5 A

Mode "DC" and "Current": 0 to 10 A

Default: 1.00 V or 1.00 A.

Warning: DC current mode is very dangerous!

In this mode, it is not possible to interrupt the circuit using a standard relay or a standard circuit breaker. Due to the electric arc, contact clearances of up to 10 mm are required to switch off the current.

Frequency of the output signal. Only available for AC voltage or current output.

Possible values: Any value between 5.0 and 400.0 Hz or soft keys 16.7 Hz, 50 Hz, 60 Hz or 400 Hz.

Default: 50 Hz

109

110


Parameter

Measurement

Mode

B-width

Load

Description

Measurement mode.

Possible values: DC, RMS or f-sel. filter. Default: RMS

DC measurement:

Measures the DC part of the signal only.

RMS measurement:

Performs a standard true RMS measurement of the signal.

Frequency selective measurement:

Allows high precision measurement of the fundamental wave of an applied signal. All frequencies outside the output frequency plus/minus the filter bandwidth are supressed by at least 110 dB. This measurement mode is deactivated for output signal type DC.

See also "B-width" below.

Filter bandwidth for frequency selective measurement. Only available for measurement mode Freq. sel. filter.

Possible values: 3 Hz to 20 Hz. Default: 6 Hz

Depending on the filter bandwidth selected, the measurement time can differ considerably. The typical time needed for a frequency selective measurement depends on the filter bandwidth as follows:

Filter bandwidth

3 Hz

6 Hz

Measurement time approx. 5 seconds approx. 4 seconds

Only available for AC signal output.

Setting the Load parameter to "on" and specifying the winding resistance and the unsaturated inductance in the fields R and L will prevent saturation of the connected CT.

The output generator of the CT Analyzer then keeps the DC part of the output current at zero using a current regulator permanently running during the output of AC signals.

Possible values: On or Off. Default: Off


Parameter

R, L

Description

Only available if Load is set to "on".

Winding resistance (R) and unsaturated inductance (L) of the

CT, used by the internal output regulator to prevent saturation of the connected CT (see "Load" above).

Possible values: 0 to 1000

Ω

or 0 to 1000 H.

Default: 1.00

Ω

for R and 50.00 H for L

If these values are not set correctly for the connected CT, the

CT will saturate sooner or later, depending on the inaccuracy of the values used.

The upper part of the Results Advanced card (Figure 9-4) displays the

measured values:

Value

Output

Sec

Prim

Description

Internally measured current value and phase of the output signal.

1

Voltage measured at input "Sec".

1

Max. input voltage: 150 V

RMS

Measurement is performed according to the measurement mode selected on the CT-Quick card.

This input is considered as the phase reference, therefore the phase is always 0.

Value and phase of the voltage measured at input "Prim".

1

Max. input voltage: 30 V

RMS

Measurement is performed according to the measurement mode" selected on the CT-Quick card.

1. Select the display mode for the current or voltage value using the soft keys: RMS, DC, Peak+

(highest positive peak value) or Peak- (highest negative peak value).

The lower part of the Results Advanced card (Figure 9-4) displays the

measurement results calculated from the measured values. In this area, you can freely define which result each single field should display.

Figure 9-4 shows the Results Advanced card with the default selection for the

results fields.

111

112


Figure 9-4 Results Advanced card with default selection for the displayed results

Use the cursor keys to move the cursor to a field and then select the result to be displayed in this field using the available soft keys N, Z, Rp/Rs, Xp/Xs, cos ϕ,

Lp/Ls (or Cp/Cs) or f.

The following table lists the calculated results available for the Advanced measurement type.

f

Result

N

Z

Rp, Rs

Xp, Xs cos ϕ

Lp, Ls or

Cp, Cs

Description

Ratio calculated from the values measured at inputs "Sec" and

"Prim".

Impedance, calculated from the amplitude and phase angle of the output signal and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

Use the Rp/Rs soft key to switch between R p

and R s

.

Parallel or serial resistance, calculated from the output signal and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

Use the Xp/Xs soft key to switch between X p

and X s

.

Parallel or serial reactance, calculated from the output signal and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

Power factor of the measured impedance.

Use the Lp/Ls (or Cp/Cs) soft key to switch between L p

(C p

) and L s

(C s

).

Parallel or serial inductance or capacitance of the test object, calculated from the output signal and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

The CT Analyzer automatically detects whether the test object is an inductance or a capacitance based on the phase angle.

Frequency measured at input "Sec".


Note: The results for R

p

, X

p

and L

p

equivalent circuit diagram, the results for R the serial equivalent circuit diagram.

(C

p

) are calculated using the parallel

s

, X

s

and L

s

(C

s

) are calculated using

Use the following wiring (examples):

Figure 9-5 Wiring examples for Advanced measurement type

9.5

CT Ratio Measurement

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

CT-Quick card:

Measurement Type:

CT Ratio

Caution: CT ratio measurement using Quick Test is not a complete CT test!

This measurement only determines the current ratio of CTs. The CT Analyzer does not perform automatic demagnetization after the measurement.

This is a predefined measurement type, intended especially for the quick measurement of CT ratios.

To select the CT Ratio measurement type, use the cursor key to move the cursor to the Measurement Type field in the CT-Quick card and then press the

CT Ratio soft key.

Figure 9-6 CT-Quick card and Results card for CT ratio measurement

For the CT Ratio measurement type, the CT-Quick card holds the following measurement quantities:


Output The output signal type is fixed to "AC".

V/I Operating mode of the internal signal generator: voltage or current source. Fixed to "Voltage".

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114


f


Amplitude RMS voltage of the output signal. Adjustable by the user.

Possible values: 0 to 40 V. Default: 1.00 V.

Frequency of the output signal. Adjustable by the user.

Possible values: 5.0 to 400.0 Hz or soft keys 16.7 Hz, 50 Hz,

60 Hz or 400 Hz.

Load

Default: 50 Hz

Fixed to "On".

Setting the Load parameter to "on" and specifying the winding resistance and the unsaturated inductance in the fields R and L will prevent saturation of the connected CT.

The output generator of the CT Analyzer then keeps the DC part of the output current at zero using a current regulator permanently running during the output of AC signals.

R, L Winding resistance (R) and unsaturated inductance (L) of the

CT, used by the internal output regulator to prevent saturation of the connected CT (see Load above).

Possible values: 0 to 1000

Ω

or 0 to 1000 H.

Default: 1.00

Ω

for R and 50.00 H for L

If these values are not set correctly for the connected CT, the

CT will saturate sooner or later, depending on the inaccuracy of the values used.

The following values are displayed in the Results CT Ratio card: f

Value

Output

Sec

Prim

N

Description

Internally measured RMS current value and phase of the output signal.

RMS value of the voltage measured at input "Sec".


RMS value and phase of the voltage measured at input "Prim".

Current ratio of the CT calculated from the voltages measured at inputs "Sec" and "Prim".



Use the following wiring for CT ratio measurement (example):

9.6

Figure 9-7 Wiring example for CT ratio measurement

VT Ratio Measurement

Warning: For VT ratio measurement, the CT Analyzer output has to be connected to the primary side of the VT. Connecting the CT Analyzer output to the secondary side of the VT by mistake may cause hazardous voltages on the primary side!

Caution: VT ratio measurement using Quick Test is not a complete VT test!

This measurement only determines the voltage ratio of VTs.

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

CT-Quick card:

Measurement Type:

VT Ratio

This is a predefined measurement type, intended especially for the quick measurement of VT ratios.

To select the VT Ratio measurement type, use the cursor key to move the cursor to the Measurement Type field in the CT-Quick card and then press the

VT Ratio soft key.

Figure 9-8 CT-Quick card and Results card for VT ratio measurement

For the VT Ratio measurement type, the CT-Quick card holds the following measurement quantities:




115

116


f






60 Hz or 400 Hz.

Default: 50 Hz

The following values are displayed in the Results VT Ratio card: f

Value

Output

Sec

Prim

N

Description




RMS value and phase of the voltage measured at input "Prim".

Voltage ratio of the VT calculated from the voltages measured at inputs "Sec" and "Prim".


Use the following wiring for VT ratio measurement (example):

DANGER!

Hazardous voltages may occur on the primary side of the VT if the CT Analyzer output is connected to the secondary side of the VT by mistake!

Figure 9-9 Wiring example for VT ratio measurement


9.7

Resistance Measurement

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

CT-Quick card:

Measurement Type:

Resistance

This is a predefined measurement type, intended especially for the quick measurement of resistances.

To select the Resistance measurement type, use the cursor key to move the cursor to the Measurement Type field in the CT-Quick card and then press the Resist. soft key.

Figure 9-10 CT-Quick card and Results card for resistance measurement

For the Resistance measurement type, the CT-Quick card holds the following measurement quantities:


Output The output signal type is fixed to "DC".

V/I Operating mode of the internal signal generator: voltage or current source. Fixed to "Current".

Amplitude Amplitude of the output current. Adjustable by the user.

Possible values: 0 to 10 A. Default: 1.00 A.

The following values are displayed in the Results Resistance card:

Value

Output

Sec

Prim

Rs

Description

Internally measured output current.

Voltage measured at input "Sec".

Not used for resistance measurement.

Serial resistance, calculated from the output current and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

Note: The resistance measurement uses the serial equivalent circuit diagram for results calculation.

117


Use the following wiring for resistance measurement (example):

118

Figure 9-11 Wiring example for resistance measurement

9.8

Impedance Measurement

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

CT-Quick card:

Measurement Type:

Impedance

This is a predefined measurement type, intended especially for the quick measurement of impedances.

To select the Impedance measurement type, use the cursor key to move the cursor to the Measurement Type field in the CT-Quick card and then press the Imped. soft key.

Figure 9-12 CT-Quick card and Results card for impedance measurement

For the Impedance measurement type, the CT-Quick card holds the following measurement quantities:



V/I Operating mode of the internal signal generator: voltage or current source. Fixed to "Current".

f

Amplitude RMS value of the output current. Adjustable by the user.

Possible values: 0 to 5 A. Default: 1.00 A.



60 Hz or 400 Hz.

Default: 50 Hz


The following values are displayed in the Results Impedance card:

Value

Output

Sec

Prim

Z cos ϕ

Description

Internally measured RMS value and phase of the output current.



Not used for impedance measurement.

Measured impedance, calculated from the magnitude and phase angle of the output signal and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

Power factor of the measured impedance.

Use the following wiring for impedance measurement (example):

Figure 9-13 Wiring example for impedance measurement

9.9

Reactance Measurement

How to get there:


Main Menu:


OK soft key

CT-Quick card:

Measurement Type:

Reactance

This is a predefined measurement type, intended especially for the quick measurement of reactances.

To select the Reactance measurement type, use the cursor key to move the cursor to the Measurement Type field in the CT-Quick card and then press the React. soft key.

Figure 9-14 CT-Quick card and Results card for reactance measurement

119

120


For the Reactance measurement type, the CT-Quick card holds the following measurement quantities:




f





60 Hz or 400 Hz.

Default: 400 Hz

The following values are displayed in the Results Reactance card: f

Value

Output

Sec

Prim

Rs

Xs

Ls or Cs

Description




Not used for reactance measurement.

Serial resistance, calculated from the output signal and the voltage measured at input "Sec".

Serial reactance, calculated from the magnitude and phase angle of the output signal and the voltage measured at input

"Sec".


Serial inductance or capacitance of the test object, calculated from the measured values.

The CT Analyzer automatically detects whether the test object is an inductance or a capacitance based on the phase angle.

Note: The reactance measurement uses the serial equivalent circuit diagram for results calculation.


Use the following wiring for reactance measurement (example):

Figure 9-15 Wiring example for reactance measurement

121

122


CT Analyzer PC Toolset

10 CT Analyzer PC Toolset

The CT Analyzer PC Toolset contains a set of PC software that is necessary and helpful for your work with the CT Analyzer on a PC.

The following tools are installed with the CT Analyzer PC Toolset:

• CTA Start Page

• CTA QuickTest

• CTA Firmware Update

• CT Report Tool (Remote Excel File Loader) with templates for single-ratio CT measurement and multi-ratio CT measurement

• Report Converter (XML to WORD)

• OMICRON Device Browser

• CTA to Netsim Export

• CTA Remote Control incl. sample software

• CTA remote test sample for Visual Basic (VBA)

• CTA remote test sample for C++

For detailed information about the software of the CT Analyzer PC Toolset, please click the "CT Analyzer Help" hyperlink on the CTA Start Page.

10.1

System Requirements

The software of the CT Analyzer PC Toolset requires the following software installed on the system:

• Operating system:

Windows XP SP3, Windows Vista SP1 32 bit, Windows 7 32 bit,

Windows 7 64 bit.

Note: Windows XP requires administrative rights for your local machine

• Microsoft Office

®

(required for CT Report Tool (Remote Excel File Loader) with CTA Remote Control software and Report Converter (XML to WORD)):

Office 2002 (XP) SP3, Office 2003 SP3, Office 2007 SP2.

123


10.2

Installing the CT Analyzer PC Toolset

The CT Analyzer PC Toolset and its installation program Setup Wizard are included on the "CT Analyzer PC Toolset" CD ROM accompanying the

CT Analyzer. Proceed as follows to install the CT Analyzer PC Toolset:

1. Exit all other major programs running on your computer.

2. Insert the "CT Analyzer PC Toolset" CD ROM into your computer’s CD ROM drive. The Setup Wizard starts automatically.

Note: Should the Setup Wizard not start automatically a few seconds after the CD has been inserted into the CD ROM drive, change to the Windows

Explorer and double-click setup.exe on the "CT Analyzer PC Toolset"

CD ROM.

3. Follow the instructions displayed on the screen to install the software.

10.3

The CTA Start Page

The CTA Start Page is the central organizing element for the PC software tools available for the CT Analyzer.

There are two ways to launch the CTA Start Page:

1. Select Programs | OMICRON | CT Analyzer | CTA Start Page in the

Windows Start menu.

2. Or double-click the CTA Start Page desktop icon.

124

Figure 10-1 CTA Start Page

In the CTA Start Page, click CT Analyzer Help to open the help system with detailed information about the software tools of the CT Analyzer PC Toolset.

Technical Data

11 Technical Data

Guaranteed data are specified for an ambient temperature of 23°C ± 5°

(73°F ± 9°), a power supply of 115/230 V

AC than 15 minutes.

, and after a warm-up time longer

Guaranteed data are valid for the period of one year after factory adjustment.

11.1

Mains Power Supply

Mains power supply

Connection

Mains voltage

Mains fuses

Overvoltage category

Connector according to IEC 60320

100 - 240 V

AC

/ 50/60 Hz / 6 A

2 x T6A H 250V,

(high-breaking capacity wire fuse 5 x 20 mm)

II

11.2

Generator Output

Generator output

Output current

Output voltage

Output power

5 A rms

max.

0 - 120 V

AC

400 VA rms

max.

11.3

Measurement Inputs

Measurement input "Sec"

Voltage ranges 0 - 0.3 / 3 / 30 / 300 V

AC

(auto ranging)

Accuracy

Input impedance

0.1 % (guaranteed)

0 - 15 V: 1 M

Ω

15 - 150 V: 500 k

Ω

to 1 M

Ω

, depending on the voltage. Input current is compensated by the device.

Insulation Reinforced insulation (R) to all other circuits

125

126


Measurement input "Prim"

Voltage ranges 0 - 0.03 / 0.3 / 3 / 30 V

AC

(auto ranging)

Accuracy

Input impedance

Insulation

0.1 % (guaranteed)

0 - 15 V: 330 k

Ω

15 - 30 V: 120 k voltage.

Ω

to 330 k

Ω

, depending on the

Reinforced insulation (R) to all other circuits

11.4

Winding Resistance Measurement Accuracy

Winding resistance measurement accuracy

Resolution

1 m

Ω

Accuracy 0.05 % (typical)

0.1 % + 1 m

Ω

(guaranteed)

11.5

Ratio and Phase Measurement Accuracy

The values given in the following table are only valid under the following conditions:

• All utility lines to the primary side of the CT are disconnected.

• One terminal of the primary side of the CT is connected to PE.

• The original measurement cables delivered by OMICRON electronics for the

CT Analyzer are used.

• The CT under test is a CT with a non-gapped core.

• The knee point voltage according to IEEE C57.13 is > 3 V.

Under interfering conditions the device has reduced accuracy.

Values without the prefix "!" in the ratio table of the Ratio card have guaranteed accuracy. The accuracy of values marked with a "!" in the table is reduced by factor 2 since these values are not directly measured but calculated from the measured values instead.

Technical Data

Ratio measurement accuracy for 1 A CTs at rated current

CT ratio I sn

Rated power

1

Typical accuracy

0.2 - 1

1 - 2000

1

1

1.0 - 30 VA

0 - 30 VA

0.05 %

0.02 %

2000 - 5000

5000 - 10000

1

1

0 - 30 VA

0 - 30 VA

0.03 %

0.05 %

1. Nominal burden of the CT.

Guaranteed accuracy

0.1 %

0.05 %

0.1 %

0.2 %

Ratio measurement accuracy for 5 A CTs at rated current

CT ratio I sn

Rated power

1

Typical accuracy

0.2 - 1

1 - 2000

5

5

1.0 - 75 VA

0 - 75 VA

0.05 %

0.02 %

2000 - 5000

5000 - 10000

5

5

0 - 75 VA

0 - 75 VA

0.03 %

0.05 %

1. Nominal burden of the CT.

Guaranteed accuracy

0.1 %

0.05 %

0.1 %

0.2 %

Phase measurement accuracy at rated current

Resolution 0.01 min

Accuracy (cos ϕ

0.8 - 1)

1 min (typical)

3 min (guaranteed)

Turns ratio measurement accuracy

Resolution 0.01 turns

Accuracy 0.05 % (typical)

0.1 % (guaranteed)

127

128


11.6

Compact Flash Card Interface

Compact Flash card interface

Card type CF type 1

Allowed memory size 16 MB - 2 GB

11.7

Remote Control Interface

The remote control interface of the CT Analyzer is exclusively intended to connect the CT Analyzer to a computer (e.g. running the CT Analyzer PC

Toolset software) or to the CT SB2 switch box (for multi-ratio CT measurement).

9-pole SUB-D connector, male

Figure shows outside view onto the pins at the CT Analyzer!

6 nc

7 RTS (out)

8 CTS (in)

9 + 5 V

Do not connect!

For internal use only!

Housing: Shield (ground)

1 nc

2 RxD (data in / receive)

3 TxD (data out / transmit)

4 nc

5 GND (signal ground)

Figure 11-1 Pin assignment for remote control interface

9-pole (DB9) null modem or crossover cable, 2 x female

Connections required:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 shield

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 shield

Figure 11-2 Connection cable for remote control interface

Technical Data

11.8

Environmental Conditions

11.8.1

Climate

Climate

Operating temperature

Storage and transportation

Max. altitude

Humidity

-10 … +50 °C (14 … 122 °F)

–25 … +70 °C (–13 … 158 °F)

2000 m

5 … 95 % relative humidity, non-condensing

Tested acc. to IEC 60068-2-78, Cab, Damp

Heat: Temp. 40°C, duration 48 h, rel. humidity 95 %

11.8.2

Shock and Vibration

Dynamics

Vibration

Shock

Tested according to IEC 60068-2-6; frequency range 10 … 150 Hz; acceleration

2 g continuous (20 m/s

2

); 20 cycles per axis

Tested according to IEC 60068-2-27

(operating mode); 15 g / 11 ms, half-sinusoid,

3 shocks in each axis

11.8.3

Mechanical Data

Weight, Dimensions and Protection

Weight < 8 kg (17.6 lbs) without accessories

Dimensions W x H x D 360 x 285 x 145 mm

(14.2 x 11.2 x 5.7")

129

130


11.8.4

Safety Standards, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

CE Conformity, Requirements

The product adheres to the specifications of the guidelines of the Council of the European Community for meeting the requirements of the member states regarding the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Directive 2004/108/EC and the low-voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.

EMC

Emission

EN 61326-1 Class A

IEC 61326-1 Class A

FCC Subpart B of Part 15 Class A

Europe

International

USA

Immunity

Europe

International

Certified Safety Standards

Europe

International

USA

EN 61326-1

IEC 61326-1

EN 61010-1

IEC 61010-1

UL 61010-1

User Maintenance

12 User Maintenance

12.1

Care and Cleaning

The CT Analyzer does not require any special maintenance or care. Clean the device from time to time or as necessary using a cloth dampened with water or isopropanol alcohol. Always disconnect the CT Analyzer prior to cleaning!

12.2

Replacing Fuses

1. Turn off the CT Analyzer and unplug the power cord.

2. Ground the test object, and disconnect it from the CT Analyzer. By disconnecting it you prevent a possibly faulty test object from feeding power back into the CT Analyzer.

3. Locate the blown fuse on the side panel of the CT Analyzer and replace it by an identical fuse type: T6.3H 250 V (6.3 Amps slow-acting high breaking capacity wire fuse 5 x 20 mm). The CT Analyzer has two fuses of the same type.

12.3

Calibrating the CT Analyzer

OMICRON electronics GmbH offers a reference CT (calibration CT VEHZ0649) to verify the calibration of the CT Analyzer. This reference CT is delivered together with a calibration certificate of a national test laboratory.

The calibration CT has a ratio of 2000:1 and 2000:5. Its class is 0.02.

To verify the calibration of the CT Analyzer, it is necessary to measure both ratios (2000:1 and 2000:5). The CT Analyzer is within the specifications, if all measurement results are within class 0.02.

If the measurement results are not within class 0.02, we recommend to send the

CT Analyzer back to OMICRON electronics GmbH for calibration in order to guarantee proper operation in accordance with the regulations.

131

132


Scope of Delivery, Accessories, Available Licenses

13 Scope of Delivery, Accessories, Available

Licenses

For up-to-date information about the scope of delivery and available accessories and licenses for the CT Analyzer please refer to the OMICRON electronics

GmbH website or the OMICRON electronics GmbH office nearest you.

For contact in formation, please refer to chapter "Contact Information / Technical

Support" on page 149.

133

134


Error and Warning Messages

14 Error and Warning Messages

001.xxx

Error [001] No valid CT software!

Reason:

Solution:

No valid software in the device Flash memory or incorrect checksum.

Insert a Compact Flash card with valid software (CTAnalyzer.bin) in the

Omicron directory and switch the CT Analyzer off and on again.

002.xxx

Error [002] Can't open file!

Reason: The firmware cannot read the file CTAnalyzer.bin from the Compact Flash

Solution: card since the CF card or the file is missing.

Insert a Compact Flash card with valid software (CTAnalyzer.bin) in the


003.xxx

Error [003] Download error!

Reason: The downloaded software is corrupt.

Solution: Insert a Compact Flash card with valid software (CTAnalyzer.bin) in the


100.xxx

Warning [100.xxx] CT resistance > 3000 Ohms.

Reason:

Solution:

The resistance measured during primary or secondary winding resistance measurement is > 3000

Ω

.

The test cannot be continued. Check the connections to the CT. If the connections are ok, the CT resistance is > 3000

Ω

. Such CTs cannot be tested using the CT Analyzer.

101.xxx

Warning [101.xxx] Timeout during measurement. No constant winding resistance can be determined within 10 sec.

Reason:

Solution:

The CT Analyzer cannot determine a constant winding resistance within

10 sec. during primary or secondary winding resistance measurement.

The test cannot be continued. Check the connections to the CT.

110.xxx

Warning [110.xxx] The impedance of the CT is too high.

Reason: The impedance of the CT or the load is too high to reach the minimum toggle

Solution: frequency of 0.2Hz / 0.8Hz.

The test cannot be continued. Check the connections to the CT. If the connections are ok, it is not possible to test this CT due to its too high inductance.

111.xxx

Warning [111.xxx] Inductance of load too low.

Reason: Measurement frequency is too high and cannot be decreased because of too

Solution: low CT inductance.

The test cannot be continued. Check the connections to the CT. If the connections are ok, it is not possible to test this CT due to its too low inductance.

112.xxx

Warning [112.xxx] Measurement error, reduce noise level.

Reason: It is not possible to obtain stable measurement results due to incorrect wiring,

Solution: wiring short-circuit, connected load or external interferences.

Check the wiring. The primary side of the CT must not be short-circuited.

Disconnect the primary side of the CT from the transmission lines, connect one primary side terminal to PE and open the other one. Use the delivered original

coax cables for measurement (see section 4.5 ”Noise Reduction Techniques” on page 28). Make sure that no burden is connected to the secondary side of

the CT. This error may also indicate a winding short circuit of the CT.

135

136


113.xxx

Warning [113.xxx] Kneepoint not found.

Reason: Knee point for specified standard not found.

Solution: The current required to reach the knee point for the specified standard cannot be delivered. The CT cannot be tested up to the knee point voltage.

114.xxx

Warning [114.xxx] Low inductance detected during excitation measurement.

Reason:

Solution:

Low inductance was measured during the excitation test.

Verify that the primary side of the CT is not short-circuited.

This warning can also occur for CTs with very low excitation loss and high parasitic capacitance.

115.xxx

Warning [115.xxx] Invalid eddy loss measurement.

Reason: Reliable determination of the eddy losses is not possible.

Solution: Verify the wiring and repeat the test. If the error message is displayed repeatedly, it is currently not possible to test this CT using the CT Analyzer.

116.xxx

Warning [116.xxx] Knee point too low! CTs with a knee point below 1 volt are not supported.

Reason:

Solution:

The knee point voltage is smaller than 1 V.

Currently it is not possible to test CTs with such a low knee point using the

CT Analyzer.

121.xxx

Warning [121.xxx] Test not successful! Reverse polarity. Check wiring and repeat the measurement.

Reason: Measured polarity is wrong.

Solution: Reverse the polarity of the measurement cables on the primary or secondary side of the CT.

130.xxx

Warning [130.xxx] Burden impedance > 1kOhm.

Reason:

Solution:

Burden impedance > 1k

Ω

.

The test cannot be continued. Check the connections to the Burden.

131.xxx

Warning [131.xxx] Overload during Burden measurement.

Reason: The required test current cannot be reached, even at the maximum output voltage.

Solution: The CT Analyzer cannot deliver enough current. Reduce the test current or the impedance of the burden. Check the wiring for proper contacts; one connection possibly has a bad connection.

140.xxx

Warning [140.xxx] Timeout during remanence test. Measured magnetic flux is unstable.

Reduce noise level.

Reason: The magnetic flux during remanence measurement is not stable.

Solution: The test cannot be continued. Check the connections to the CT. Try to reduce the noise level for the measurement.

200.xxx

Warning [200.xxx] Check connection. Make sure burden is properly wired.

Reason: The measured input voltage differs by more than 5V from the input voltage

Solution: expected during burden test.

Check whether the output generator ("Output") and measurement input "Sec" are connected correctly.

200.xxx

Warning [200.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: CTA OUTPUT and/or BURDEN terminal may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:

The measured input voltage differs by more than 5V from the input voltage expected during the burden test using the CT SB2 switch box.

Check whether the BURDEN OUT and the BURDEN IN sockets on the CT SB2 are connected correctly.


201.xxx

Warning [201.xxx] Check connection. Measured ratio > 50000:1.

Reason: Measurement input "Prim" is possibly not connected properly.

Solution: Check whether the primary side measurement input "Prim" is connected properly.

202.xxx

Warning [202.xxx] Check connection. Polarity of input SEC and power output are not the same.

Reason:

Solution:

Polarity of input "Sec" and "Output" are not the same.

Check whether the output generator ("Output") and measurement input "Sec" are connected properly and with correct polarity.

203.xxx

Warning [203.xxx] Check connection. Input SEC may be disconnected.

Reason: Input signal at input "Sec" differs from the expected one.

Solution: Check whether the output generator ("Output") and measurement input "Sec" are connected properly.

204.xxx

Warning [204.xxx] Check connection. Polarity of input PRIM and power output are not the same.

Reason: Input signal at input "Prim" differs from the expected one: Reverse polarity at input "Prim".

Solution: Check whether the output generator ("Output") and measurement input "Prim" are connected properly and with correct polarity.

204.xxx

Warning [204.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: Wrong polarity at PRIM terminal.

Reason: Input signal at input "PRIM" differs from the expected one: Reverse polarity at

Solution:

CT SB2 input "PRIM".

Check whether the PRIM IN sockets on the CT SB2 are connected properly and with correct polarity. If necessary, connect with changed polarity.

205.xxx

Warning [205.xxx] Check connection. Input PRIM may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:

Input signal at input "Prim" differs from the expected one.

Check whether the output generator ("Output") and measurement input "Prim" are connected properly.

205.xxx

Warning [205.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: PRIM IN terminal may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:


Check whether the PRIM IN sockets on the CT SB2 are connected properly.

206.xxx

Warning [206.xxx] Check connection. Ensure that the output is connected to the primary side of the CT.

Reason: Input signal at input "Prim" differs from the expected one.

Solution: Check that the output generator ("Output") is connected to the CT and that the primary side of the CT is connected to input "Prim".

206.xxx

Warning [206.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: CTA OUTPUT and/or PRIM OUT terminal may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:


Check whether the PRIM OUT and the PRIM IN sockets on the CT SB2 are connected correctly to the primary side of the CT.

207.xxx

Warning [207.xxx] Check connection! OUTPUT may be disconnected.

Reason: The current signal differs from the expected one.

Solution: Check whether the output generator ("Output") and measurement input "SEC" are connected properly to the secondary side of the CT.

137

138


210.xxx

Warning [210.xxx] Permanent data overflow.

Reason: Internal data buffer overflow. The data could not be fetched fast enough from

Solution: the internal data buffer.

Try to repeat the measurement. If this error occurs more frequently, you should contact your next OMICRON service center.

211.xxx

Warning [211.xxx] AC mode measurement timeout.

Reason: Measurement timeout due to frequent range switching or invalid data from the

Solution: measurement inputs.

Check the wiring and repeat the measurement. Try to reduce noise for the measurement.

220.xxx

Warning [220.xxx] Test aborted!

Reason:

Solution:

The test sequence has been interrupted by the user.

Repeat the test without interrupting it.

310.xxx

Note [310.xxx] License: <Guesser functionality> is missing! Values for: Ipn, Isn, P/M,

Class, FS/ALF should be provided.

Reason:

Solution:

The license required for class guessing is not available.

Specify the values for I pn

, I sn

, Class, P/M and FS/ALF before starting the test.

311.xxx

Warning [311.xxx] License: <Simulation after test> is missing!

Reason: The license required for simulation is not available.

Solution: Simulation of the results for changed test settings (e.g. different burden values) after the test is not possible. Purchase a corresponding license.

312.xxx

Warning [312.xxx] License: <...> is missing!

Reason: The license specified in the message is not available.

Solution: The functionality included in the license is not available. Purchase a corresponding license.

313.xxx

Warning [313.xxx] License: <All languages> is missing! Test can be performed only if the Chinese user interface is set.

Reason:

Solution:

The license required to use all languages is not available.

Perform the test with the Chinese user interface or purchase a corresponding license.

316.xxx

Note [316.xxx] Invalid user text. You must download at least version: <VersNo> or higher. The language is set to English.

Reason:

Solution:

The version of the user interface language file is invalid.

Download a valid user interface language file to the CT Analyzer.

318.xxx

Warning [318.xxx] License: <Burden guesser> is missing! Values for VA, Burden, Cos

ϕ

should be provided.

Reason: The license required for the burden guesser functionality is not available.

Solution: Specify the values for nominal and operating burden (VA, Burden and cos ϕ

) or purchase a corresponding license.

331.xxx

Note [331.xxx] Ipn is invalid! The value must be between the Ipn values of the neighboring taps.

Reason:

Solution:

An invalid I pn

value has been entered to the MR-Config. card.

Enter a valid I pn

value.

356.xxx

Warning [356.xxx] License: <All frequencies support> is missing! Only 60 Hz nominal frequency is supported.

Reason:

Solution:

The license required to use all frequencies is not available.

Measurements are only possible for 60 Hz. Purchase a corresponding license if you want to perform testing with other frequencies.


357.xxx

Note [357.xxx] License: <P cores support> is missing! Only metering CTs can be measured.

Reason:

Solution:

The license required to perform testing of protection cores is not available.

Testing is only possible for metering cores. Purchase a corresponding license if you want to perform testing of protection cores.

358.xxx

Warning [358.xxx] License: <M cores support> is missing! Only protection CTs can be measured.

Reason:

Solution:

The license required to perform testing of metering cores is not available.

Testing is only possible for protection cores. Purchase a corresponding license if you want to perform testing of metering cores.

400.xxx

Warning [400.xxx] You cannot make a multi-ratio measurement without a CT SB2 switch box

Reason:

Solution:

No CT SB2 is connected when starting a multi-ratio measurement.

Connect the CT SB2 to the CT Analyzer before starting a multi-ratio test.

401.xxx

Warning [401.xxx] CT SB2 switch box is disconnected!

Reason: The CT SB2 is not properly connected to the CT Analyzer.

Solution: Restore proper connection between the CT SB2 and the CT Analyzer and restart your test.

402.xxx

Warning [402.xxx] CT SB2 switch box communication error.

Reason:

Solution:

Communication between the CT SB2 and the CT Analyzer failed.

Restore proper connection between the CT SB2 and the CT Analyzer and restart your test.

403.xxx

Warning [403.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: CTA OUTPUT, TAPS XN and/or X1 may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:

The CTA OUTPUT sockets of the CT SB2 are not properly connected to the

CT Analyzer output.

Make sure that the CTA OUTPUT sockets on the CT SB2 are properly connected to the CT Analyzer and restart your test.

404.xxx

Warning [404.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: CTA PRIM and/or PRIM IN terminal may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:

The CTA PRIM sockets of the CT SB2 are not properly connected to

CT Analyzer input PRIM.

Make sure that the CTA PRIM sockets on the CT SB2 are properly connected to CT Analyzer input PRIM and restart your test.

405.xxx

Warning [405.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: CTA SEC terminal, TAPS XN IN and/or X1 IN may be disconnected.

Reason:

Solution:

The CTA SEC sockets of the CT SB2 are not properly connected to

CT Analyzer input SEC.

Make sure that the CTA SEC sockets on the CT SB2 are properly connected to CT Analyzer input SEC and restart your test.

406.xxx

Warning [406.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: <text depending on connection actually detected>

Reason:

Solution:

The CTA SEC sockets of the CT SB2 are not properly connected to

CT Analyzer input SEC.

Make sure that the CTA SEC sockets on the CT SB2 are properly connected to CT Analyzer input SEC and restart your test.

139

140


407.xxx

Warning [407.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: Wrong polarity at CTA SEC or CTA

OUTPUT terminal

Reason:

Solution:

Reverse polarity at the CTA SEC sockets or the CTA OUTPUT sockets of the

CT SB2.

Make sure that the CTA SEC sockets and the CTA OUTPUT sockets on the

CT SB2 are properly connected to CT Analyzer and restart your test.

408.xxx

Warning [408.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: <text depending on missing connection actually detected>

Reason:

Solution:

At least one of the CT taps enabled for multi-ratio testing is not connected to the CT SB2 correctly.

Make sure that all CT taps are connected correctly to the TAPS terminals on the CT SB2 and restart your test.

409.xxx

Warning [409.xxx] Check CT SB2 switch box wiring: <text depending on incorrect connection actually detected>

Reason:

Solution:

Wiring of at least two CT taps is mixed, e.g. CT tap X2 is connected to TAPS X3 on the CT SB2 and vice versa.

Make sure that all CT taps are connected to the correct TAPS terminals on the

CT SB2 and restart your test.

411.xxx

Warning [411.xxx] Firmware download to switch box failed! Error: SBErrNo

Reason: Communication cable between CT SB2 and CT Analyzer not connected

Solution: correctly.

Make sure that the communication cable between the CT Analyzer and the

CT SB2 is connected correctly and repeat the firmware download to the

CT SB2.

415.xxx

Warning [415.xxx] Quick measurement cannot be started. Please disconnect the

CT SB2 switch box.

Reason:

Solution:

You are trying to initiate a Quick measurement with the CT SB2 switch box still connected to the CT Analyzer.

Measurements using Quick Test are not possible when the CT SB2 is connected to the CT Analyzer. Remove all connections to the CT SB2 and restart your Quick measurement on the CT Analyzer.

501.xxx

No message displayed on the CT Analyzer. Message only displayed on remote PC connected to the CT Analyzer.

Reason:

Solution:

The remote interface handler couldn't decipher the command.

Remote interface error. Check the connection between CT Analyzer and PC.

504.xxx


Reason:

Solution:

Data transmission error.

Check the connection between CT Analyzer and PC.

510.xxx


Reason:

Solution:

Remote interface error: Failed to get the required measurement data because the measurement is still running.


511.xxx


Reason:

Solution:

Remote interface error: Failed to unzip the transmitted data block.



513.xxx


Reason:

Solution:

The current remote interface command is not allowed.

Make sure that the current CT Analyzer state allows the execution of the command.

514.xxx


Reason: Remote interface error: Remote command was submitted with an invalid parameter.

Solution: Verify the parameter (index) submitted with the remote interface command.

564.xxx


Reason: The size of the file copied to the CT Analyzer Compact Flash card or virtual disc

Solution: is > 1 MB.

Avoid transfer of large files > 1 MB to the CT Analyzer.

800.xxx

Warning [800.xxx] Flash card access error. Internal file system error.

Reason: The file system sent an error message.

Solution: Compact Flash card is possibly corrupt. Use a new Compact Flash card.

801.xxx

Warning [801.xxx] Flash card access error. Invalid file name or path.

Reason:

Solution:

The file system sent an error message.

The Compact Flash card is possibly corrupt. Try to save the data to a PC and format the CF card.

802.xxx

Warning [802.xxx] Flash card access error. Access denied.

Reason: The file system sent an error message. You tried to open a "read only" file or a

Solution: special directory.

Access the Compact Flash card on a PC and remove the "read-only" file attribute. File attributes cannot be modified with the CT Analyzer.

803.xxx

Warning [803.xxx] Flash card access error. File or folder already exists.


Solution: Enter a different file or folder name.

804.xxx

Warning [804.xxx] Flash card access error. Disk full.


Solution: Delete some files on the Compact Flash card or insert a new CF card.

805.xxx

Warning [805.xxx] Flash card access error. No or corrupt flash card.

Reason: No or no valid CF card can be found.

Solution: Insert a valid Compact Flash card.

806.xxx

Warning [806.xxx] Flash card access error. Corrupt directory structure.

Reason:

Solution:

The file system sent an error message.

Try to backup the data on the Compact Flash card to a PC and perform formatting of the Compact Flash card.

807.xxx

Warning [807.xxx] Nothing to paste.

Reason: No file(s) selected to paste.

Solution: Select one or more files using the Copy or Cut function and try again.

808.xxx

Warning [808.xxx] Renaming of folders not supported.

Reason: This action is not supported.

Solution: Renaming of folders is not supported by the CT Analyzer.

141

142


809.xxx

Warning [809.xxx] Are you sure you want to format the CF card? All data will be lost!

Reason: This warning always appears before formatting of a Compact Flash card is

Solution: executed, since all data stored on the Compact Flash card will be erased during formatting.

Press Format to start formatting or Abort to cancel the operation without formatting the Compact Flash card.

810.xxx

Warning [810.xxx] File exists. Do you want to overwrite it?

Reason: The file name used to save the data already exists. This warning always

Solution: appears before overwriting files on the Compact Flash card.

Enter another file name, if desired.

811.xxx

Warning [811.xxx] Are you sure you want to delete <File Name>?

Reason: This warning always appears prior to the deletion of a file on the Compact Flash card.

Solution: Press Yes to delete the file or No to return to the file system card without deleting the file.

812.xxx

Warning [812.xxx] Are you sure you want to delete all selected files?

Reason: This warning always appears prior to the deletion of files on the Compact Flash

Solution: card.

Press Yes to delete the files or No to return to the file system card without deleting the files.

813.xxx

Warning [813.xxx] One or more parameters could not be found. Some calculations may not work.

Reason:

Solution:

The .xml report file read from the Compact Flash card is of a newer format than the device can generate.

The loaded file is incompatible or the software version on your CT Analyzer is older than the software version that has generated the report. To enable your

CT Analyzer to read this report, it is necessary to update the CT Analyzer software.

814.xxx

Warning [814.xxx] You tried to load an old report. One or more parameters could not be found. Some calculations may not work.

Reason: One or more entries could not be found in the .xml report file.

Solution: The software version on the CT Analyzer is newer than the software version used to generate the report. The report probably does not contain all parameters supported by the new CT Analyzer software.

815.xxx

Error [815.xxx] Folder must be empty. Can't remove folder <Folder Name>.

Reason: The folder selected for deletion is not empty. Only empty folders can be deleted.

Solution: Navigate to the folder you want to delete. Open the folder and delete all contained files and subfolders. Then you can delete the empty folder.

816.xxx

Error [816.xxx] You tried to load a report built with a <Device>.

Reason: The .xml file seems to be not a CT Analyzer report.

Solution: The report cannot be loaded by the CT Analyzer.

817.xxx

Error [817.xxx] The xml file has no valid OMICRON report style.

Reason:

Solution:

The .xml file has no valid OMICRON report style.

The report cannot be loaded by the CT Analyzer.


818.xxx

Warning [818.xxx] Moving of folders not supported.

Reason: Moving of folders is not supported by the CT Analyzer.

Solution: Select only files to move, not folders. Using the shift key and the up/down cursor keys it is possible to select any number of files within a folder.

819.xxx

Warning [819.xxx] File name contains an invalid character.

Reason: An invalid character was used to specify the file name.

Invalid characters: \ / : * ? \ < > |

Solution: Only use valid characters for the file name.

820.xxx

Error [820.xxx] Memory management error. Contact the next OMICRON service center if this error occurs often.

Reason:

Solution:

Memory management error.

Switch the CT Analyzer off, wait a second then switch it on again. If this error occurs more frequently, you should contact your next OMICRON service center.

821.xxx

Error [821.xxx] Could not update firmware.

Reason: An error has occurred in the boot loader software.

Solution: Insert a Compact Flash card with valid software (CTAnalyzer.bin) in the directory A:\Omicron\ and switch the CT Analyzer off and on again.

823.xxx

Error [823.xxx] Could not update user text!

Reason:

Solution:

An error has occurred in the user text loader software.

Insert a Compact Flash card with valid software (CTUser_xxx.bin) in the directory A:\Omicron\ and try again.

824.xxx

Error [824.xxx] An internal software error has occurred at address xxxxxxxH. To log this error, make sure that a CF card is inserted and then press OK. Please send the file

\OMICRON\ErrorLog.xml on the CF card to the next OMICRON service center.

Reason:

Solution:

Invalid result in a floating point operation (NaN).

Contact your next OMICRON service center.

830.xxx

License < ... > is invalid.

Reason: An invalid license entry was found in the license file Omicron.lic on the CF

Solution:

Card.

Specify a valid license key.

831.xxx

Setting value for < ... > is invalid. The default value of < ... > is used.

Reason: Invalid item in file Settings.inf.

Solution: The file Settings.inf in the Omicron directory on the CF card of the

CT Analyzer has a formatting error in one of the parameters. Delete this file and check the settings in the menu Main Menu -> Settings -> Misc. Settings. If necessary, change the settings and store the file again.

832.xxx

Lifetime of relays near end. Contact the next OMICRON service center soon to arrange a hardware service.

Reason:

Solution:

The relays inside the CT Analyzer near the end of their lifetime (more than

1,000,000 measurements performed).

Arrange a hardware service in order to replace the relays.

833.xxx

You are about to load a report with an invalid hash code. Some measurement values may not be authentic.

Reason:

Solution:

The file checksum is not valid.

Check the authenticity of the report file loaded.

143

144


834.xxx

No valid license was found in this file!

Reason: No valid license found.

Solution: Check the license file. The license possibly does not correspond to the serial number of the CT Analyzer.

900.xxx

Error [900.xxx] Power supply error. Switch off the device and wait 1 minute to restart.

Reason:

Solution:

The output power was larger than 350VA or the power supply is defective.

Switch the CT Analyzer off, wait 1 minute and then switch it on again. If this error occurs more frequently, you should contact your next OMICRON service center.

901.xxx

Warning [901.xxx] Protective earth (PE) connection in power supply cord missing.

Connect PE to equipotential terminal. Lethal voltage may occur on housing and all terminals.

Reason: Earth wire break, no earth wire connected or device is supplied via an isolation transformer.

Solution: The mains supply does not have reference to protective earth or protective earth is not connected. The mains supply must have galvanic connection to PE.

If you are using an isolation transformer, connect one supply line of the

CT Analyzer to PE.

Warning: Lethal voltages may occur at the housing if the equipotential bonding terminal of the device is not connected to protective earth potential!

Caution: If the mains supply is galvanically isolated from earth potential, the device may become damaged.

Comment: If a galvanically isolated mains supply is used, voltage stress may occur for the insulation system, the device is not constructed for. Safety is no longer

guranteed! Therefore, always use a mains power cord with a protective earthing conductor connected to PE of the mains supply. Connect the equipotential bonding connection of the device to protective earth in order to prevent electric shock caused by lethal voltages possibly present at the housing. If this error is ignored, the device will probably work but safety is no longer guaranteed.

903.xxx

Warning [903.xxx] Excessive reverse power, don't disconnect any wires, don't switch off mains, wait until power is dissipated.

ATTENTION: Lethal voltages on output terminals!

Reason: The device receives excessive reverse power so that the power output had to

Solution: be shortened to prevent overload of the internal output stage.

This error is displayed if an excess amount of energy is fed back into the

CT Analyzer. The CT Analyzer discharges the connected inductor with approximately 20Ws, but depending on the connected inductance the discharge process may take some time.

Safety action: All measurements are stopped until reverse power is dissipated.

Warning: Lethal voltages of up to many kV may occur if wires are unplugged as long as this message is displayed.


904.xxx

Error [904.xxx] Power supply error. Contact next Omicron service center.

Reason: Temperature limit of secondary power supply exceeded.

Solution: It is not possible to acknowledge this error until the temperature is back in safe limits. If this error occurs, please contact your next OMICRON service center.

Safety action: All measurements are stopped.

905.xxx

Error [905.xxx] Over-temperature of power supply, wait until device has cooled down.

Reason: Secondary side power supply has reached the warning temperature limit and

Solution: entered save mode to cool down.

When this error is acknowledged as long it is active, the popup window is closed and only the message in the status line remains active until the overtemperature disappears. If the error is not acknowledged, the popup

Comment: window remains active.

The status line displays the flashing message "905.xxx Overtemp.".

Safety action: All measurements are stopped and the error message is displayed in the status line and a popup window. After acknowledgement, the software waits at least

1 minute before the test can be started again.

906.xxx

Error [906.xxx] Excess temperature of power supply, wait until device has cooled down.

Reason:

Solution:

The primary side power supply has reached its warning temperature limit and entered save mode to cool down.

When this error is acknowledged as long it is active, the popup window is closed and only the message in the status line remains active until the overtemperature disappears. If the error is not acknowledged, the popup

Comment: window remains active.

The status line displays the flashing message "906.xxx Overtemp.".

Safety action: All measurements are stopped and the error message is displayed in the status line and a popup window. After acknowledgement, the software waits at least

1 minute before the test can be started again.

911.xxx

Error [911.xxx] Power supply error, contact next Omicron service center. Desired voltage xxxx, measured voltage yyyy.

Reason: One supply voltage on the measurement interface boards is out of tolerance.

Solution:

Comment:


It is no longer possible to work with the device.

912.xxx

Error [912.xxx] Excess internal temperature, wait until device has cooled down.

Reason: Device-internal temperature at measurement interface > 75°C.

Solution: Excessive heating of the device. Prevent the device from direct sunlight and wait until it has cooled down. If the error occurs without previous exposure to direct sunlight, the error is probably caused by a hardware error. Please contact your next OMICRON service center.

Comment: The status line displays the flashing message "912.xxx Overtemp.".

Safety action: All measurements are stopped and the error is displayed in the status line and in a popup window. The error is active until the temperature falls below 60°C.

929.xxx

Error [929.xxx] Hardware failure, contact next Omicron service center.

Reason: The circuit for reverse power dissipation does not work properly.

Solution: Contact your next OMICRON service center.

Safety action: All measurements are stopped and the power supply is switched off.

145

146


930.xxx

Error [930.xxx] Measurement input Vsec defective, contact next Omicron service center.

Reason:

Solution:

Power supply for analog input "Sec" is defective.


931.xxx

Error [931.xxx] Measurement input Vprim defective, contact next Omicron service center.

Reason:

Solution:

Power supply for analog input "Prim" is defective.


932.xxx

Error [932.xxx] Data error.

Reason: The sequence of reading of the analog input channels is not correct.

Solution: If this error occurs more frequently, contact your next OMICRON service center.

933.xxx

Error [933.xxx] Hardware failure, contact next Omicron service center.

Reason:

Solution:

Temperature detection circuit on secondary side is defective.

Send the device to your next OMICRON service center.

Safety action: Power supply is switched off and all measurements are disabled.

934.xxx

Warning [934.xxx] Reverse power, don't disconnect any wires, don't switch off mains, wait until power is dissipated. I = xxxxA.

Reason:

Solution:

The device receives reverse power of > 20mA.

Wait until the power is dissipated within the device and the error message disappears.

Safety action: All measurements are stopped until reverse power is dissipated.

935.xxx

Error [935.xxx] No valid CT Analyzer software. Insert a CF-Card with valid Software and press "Update Firmw.".

Reason:

Solution:

Cannot find valid CT Analyzer software.

Insert a Compact Flash card with valid software (CTAnalyzer.bin) in the directory A:\Omicron.

936.xxx

Warning [936.xxx] Corrupt Calibration Data for voltage inputs. Change to tools menu and try to reset factory calibration. Until update of calibration data the device will be not calibrated.

Reason:

Solution:

The calibration data checksum for the analog inputs is not correct.

Try to update the factory calibration using the tools menu. If this does not solve the problem, contact your next OMICRON service center.

937.xxx

Warning [937.xxx] Corrupt Calibration Data for power output. Change to tools menu and try to update factory calibration. Until update of calibration data the device will be not calibrated.

Reason: The calibration data checksum for the power output is not correct.

Solution: Try to update the factory calibration using the tools menu. If this does not solve the problem, contact your next OMICRON service center.

938.xxx

Warning [938.xxx] MIF data block 1 corrupt.

Reason: The checksum of the factory settings data is faulty.

Solution: Licensing or device settings data are possibly corrupt. Contact your next

OMICRON service center.

939.xxx

Warning [939.xxx] MIF data block 2 corrupt.

Reason: The checksum of the factory settings data is faulty.

Solution: Licensing or device settings data are possibly corrupt. Contact your next

OMICRON service center.


940.xxx

Warning [940.xxx] CMOS data block corrupt. Check all device settings. Press Clear

Values to work with default values. Press OK to work with corrupt device settings.

Reason:

Solution:

Device settings data block corrupt.

Check all device settings.

941.xxx

Error [941.xxx] Corrupt factory calibration data for voltage inputs. Contact next

Omicron service center.

Reason: Factory calibration data block for voltage inputs corrupt.

Solution: Contact your next OMICRON service center.

942.xxx

Error [942.xxx] Corrupt factory calibration data for power unit. Contact next Omicron service center.

Reason:

Solution:

Factory calibration data corrupt.


943.xxx

Error [943.xxx] Error overwriting calibration data.

Reason:

Solution:

Factory calibration data cannot be restored.


944.xxx

Warning [944.xxx] Corrupt user text! Change to tools menu and try to update text. Until update of user text, the device will use default text.

Reason:

Solution:

Checksum for user language support data invalid.

Copy a user text file (CTUser_xxx.bin) to the directory A:\Omicron\ on the

Compact Flash card and try to update the user language support data using the

"Update Text" function in the tools menu.

147

148


Contact Information / Technical Support

Contact Information / Technical Support

Americas

OMICRON electronics Corp. USA

12 Greenway Plaza, Suite 1510

Houston, TX 77046, USA

Phone: +1 713 830-4660

Fax:

1 800-OMICRON

+1 713 830-4661 [email protected]

www.omicronusa.com

Asia – Pacific

OMICRON electronics Asia Ltd.

Suite 2006, 20/F, Tower 2

The Gateway, Harbour City

Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R.

Phone: +852 2634 0377

Fax: +852 2634 0390 [email protected]

www.omicron.at

Europe, Middle East, Africa

OMICRON electronics GmbH

Oberes Ried 1

A-6833 Klaus, Austria

Phone: +43 5523 507-333

Fax: +43 5523 507-999 [email protected]

www.omicron.at

For addresses of OMICRON electronics offices with customer service centers, regional sales offices or offices for training, consulting and commissioning please visit our Web site.

149

150


Index

4 wire connection vs. 2 wire connection 27

A

accessories 133

address manufacturer 149

Advanced (Quick Test) 108

AL error graph 89

AL error graph (default selection) 52 ambient temperature (default setting) 52

Assessment card 61, 95, 104

assessed parameters 96

automatic CT test 101

B

basic wiring for burden test 23

basic wiring for CT test 25

basic wiring for primary winding resistance measurement 24

Burden card 61, 73

C

calibration 131 care and cleaning 131

climate conditions 129

Comment card 61, 99

Compact Flash memory card 18

technical data 128 computer interface 128

computer requirements for CT Analyzer PC

Toolset 123

connecting a CT 25

connecting burden for burden test 23

connection techniques (4 wire & 2 wire) 27

copying a file 50

creating a folder 49

CT Analyzer help system 58

CT Analyzer PC Toolset 123

start page 124

CT Ratio (Quick Test) 113

CT test wiring 27

CTA Start Page 124

CT-Object card 61, 62, 104

cutting a file 50

D

date/time (setting) 52

default settings 51

deleting a file or folder 48

delivery, scope 133

dependency of test cards 53

dimensions 129

display contrast (setting) 52

display overview 20

displaying a specific card 45

E

editing a card 46

electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) 130

environmental conditions 129

equipotential bonding connector 18

error and warning messages 135

Excitation card 42, 61, 81, 103

AL error graph 89

excitation graph 87

excitation characteristic

determination 42, 103

excitation graph 87

F

File Handling (main menu) 48

file system

copying a file 50

creating a folder 49

cutting a file 50

deleting a file or folder 48 loading a file 48

navigating in 49

pasting a file 50

renaming a file 48

saving a file 50

firmware update 55

Index

151

152


firmware version 57, 58

frequency (default nom. freq. selection) 52

functional components 17

functional scope, license-depending 15

fuse 18

fuse replacement 131

G

gapped core, meas. example 30

grounding connector 18

Guesser function 101

H

hardware

Compact Flash memory card slot 18

display 20

fuse 18 grounding 18

I/0 key 19 inputs and outputs 19

keyboard 21

mains connection unit 18 on/off switch 18

overview 17

soft keys 20

status LEDs 19

version 58 help system 58

hotline 149

I

I/0 key 19

icons displayed in status line 20

IEC 60044-1


excitation test results 85

specific parameters in CT-Object card 67, 69

IEC 60044-6



specific parameters in CT-Object card 69

IEEE C57.13



specific parameters in CT-Object card 72

Impedance (Quick Test) 118

inputs

overview 19

technical data 125

installation


K

keyboard 21

Ktd calculation (selection) 52

L

language selection 51

language update 55

licenses 15, 133

licenses update 56

loading a file 48

M

Main Menu 46

File Handling 48

New CT test 47

New MR test 47

New Quick test 47

Settings 51

Tools Menu 55

mains fuse 18

mains power supply, technical data 125

mains socket 18

maintenance 131

manufacturer address 149 measurement inputs

overview 125 technical data 125

minimum computer requirements for CT Analyzer PC

Toolset 123

misc. settings (default settings) 52, 54

N

navigating in file system 49

New CT test (main menu) 47

New MR test (main menu) 47

New Quick test (main menu) 47

noise reduction for measurement 28

O

OMICRON address 149

on/off switch 18

operation from computer 59

operator qualifications 7

output

overview 19

technical data 125

overload indication 73

overview, hardware overview 17

P

pasting a file 50

PC Toolset 123

phase accuracy 126

phase table 93

power supply 10, 125

primary winding resistance measurement 77, 78

wiring 24

Q

Quick Test

Advanced meas. type 108

CT Ratio meas. type 113

Impedance meas. type 118

introduction 106

performing measurements 108

Reactance meas. type 119

Resistance meas. type 117

safety notes 105

VT Ratio meas. type 115

Index

R

ratio accuracy 126

Ratio card 42, 61, 91, 103

accuracy of phase table values 126 accuracy of ratio table values 126

phase table 93 ratio table 93

ratio measurement 42, 103

ratio table 93

accuracy of values 126

Reactance (Quick Test) 119

reference graph 88

remote control interface 128

remote operation from PC 59

renaming a file 48

replacing the fuse 131

Residual Magnetism card 61, 75

Resistance (Quick Test) 117

Resistance card 41, 61, 77, 103

accuracy of winding resistance values 126

S

safety

power supply 10

safety notes for Quick Test 105

safety rules 9

safety standards 130

saving a file 50

scope of delivery 133

secondary winding resistance measurement 77, 79

Settings (main menu) 51

shock and vibration conditions 129

soft keys 20

using the soft keys 45

standard (default selection) 52 start delay (default selection) 52

start page


starting a test 39, 102

startup mode (default selection) 51

status LEDs 19

support 149

symbols displayed in status line 20

system requirements for CT Analyzer PC Toolset 123

153

154


T

technical data

Compact Flash memory card 128

electromagnetic compatibility 130

environmental conditions 129

inputs 125 mains power supply 125 output 125

phase accuracy 126 ratio accuracy 126

remote control interface 128

safety standards 130

weight and dimensions 129

winding resistance accuracy 126

technical support 149

temperature unit (default selection) 52

test cards

dependencies 53

displaying a specific card 45

editing a card 46

overview of test cards 61

test cards (default selection) 51, 53

test cards selection 63

test settings 62

time/date (setting) 52

Tools Menu (main menu) 55 update firmware 55

update licenses 56

update text 55

U

unwound core, meas. example 32

update firmware 55

update licenses 56

update text 55

user interface language

selection 51

update 55

user maintenance 131

V

version

CT Analyzer software 58 hardware 58 language 58

VT Ratio (Quick Test) 115

VT ratio measurement using Quick Test (example) 34

VT winding resistance measurement using Quick Test

(example) 36

W

warning messages 135

weight 129

winding resistance accuracy 126

wiring for burden test 23

wiring for CT test 25

wiring for primary winding resistance measurement 24

wiring for Quick Test

Advanced 113

CT Ratio 115

Impedance 119

Reactance 121

Resistance 118

VT Ratio 116

wiring, 4 wire connection technique 27

wiring, noise reduction 28

OMICRON CT Analyzer User Manual 154 Pages

OMICRON CT Analyzer User Manual

CT Analyzer

User Manual

Contents

Contact Information / Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Preface

Using This Manual

Operator Qualifications and Safety Standards

Conventions and Symbols Used

Related Documents

Safety Rules

General

Orderly Measures

Power Supply

Safe Operation

Disclaimer

1

Introduction and Designated Use

2

License-Depending Functional Scope

3 Hardware

3.1

Functional Components of the CT Analyzer

3.1.1

Overview

3.1.2

Mains Connection Unit and Grounding

3.1.3

Compact Flash Card Slot

3.1.4

Inputs and Outputs

3.1.5

I/0 Key with Status LEDs

3.1.6

Display with Soft Keys

3.1.7

Keyboard

4

4.1

Connecting the CT Analyzer

Basic Wiring for a Burden Test

4.2

Basic Wiring for Primary Resistance Measurement

4.3

Basic Wiring for a CT Test

4.4

4 Wire Measurement vs. 2 Wire Measurement

Do not use!

4.5

Noise Reduction Techniques

4.6

Measurement on a Gapped Core

4.7

Excitation Curve Measurement for an Unwound Iron

Core

4.8

VT Ratio Measurement Using QuickTest

4.9

VT Winding Resistance Measurement Using

QuickTest

5

5.1

Short Guide for CT Testing

How to Run a Test with the CT Analyzer

Preparing the test

Configuring and starting the test

Automatic test step 1 of CT test: CT resistance measurement

Automatic test step 2 of CT test: Determination of the excitation characteristic

Automatic test step 3 of CT test: Ratio measurement

After the test is finished

5.2

Using the Guesser Function of the CT Analyzer

6 Operating the CT Analyzer

6.1

General Operation

6.1.1

Working in the User Interface

Displaying a specific card

Using the soft keys