Keithley 2001 Multimeter Calibration Manual
Below you will find brief information for Multimeter 2001. The Model 2001 is a high-performance multimeter that offers a wide range of measurement functions. It is ideal for use in a variety of laboratory and industrial applications. The Model 2001 features a large, easy-to-read display and a variety of other features that make it easy to use. Its high accuracy and reliability make it ideal for use in demanding applications.
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Model 2001
Multimeter
Calibration Manual
A G R E A T E R M E A S U R E O F C O N F I D E N C E
WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 3 years from date of shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility.
Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN
ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRU-
MENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POS-
SIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS
OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON, OR DAM-
AGE TO PROPERTY.
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, Ohio 44139 • 440-248-0400 • Fax: 440-248-6168
1-888-KEITHLEY (534-8453) • www.keithley.com
Sales Offices: BELGIUM:
CHINA:
FINLAND:
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FRANCE:
GERMANY:
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© Copyright 2001 Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Printed in the U.S.A.
11/01
Model 2001 Multimeter
Calibration Manual
©1992, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Fifth Printing April 1996
Document Number: 2001-905-01 Rev. E
Manual Print History
The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual. The Revision
Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates. Addenda, which are released between Revisions, contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual. Addenda are numbered sequentially. When a new Revision is created, all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual. Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page.
Revision A (Document Number 2001-905-01).................................................................................. April 1992
Revision B (Document Number 2001-905-01)....................................................................................June 1992
Revision C (Document Number 2001-905-01) .................................................................................. May 1993
Addendum C (Document Number 2001-905-02) ..............................................................................June 1993
Addendum C (Document Number 2001-905-03) ...................................................................November 1993
Addendum C (Document Number 2001-905-04) ........................................................................January 1995
Revision D (Document Number 2001-905-01) ............................................................................. August 1995
Revision E (Document Number 2001-905-01).................................................................................. April 1996
All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read the operating information carefully before using the product.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body
is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators
use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel
perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating, for example, setting the line voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.
Service personnel
are trained to work on live circuits, and perform safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley products are designed for use with electrical signals that are rated Installation Category I and Installation Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Installation Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Installation Category II connections require protection for high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC mains connections. The user should assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise marked or described in the Manual.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V
peak, or 60VDC are present.
A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that users are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product users in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 volts,
no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits.
They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power disconnect device must be provided, in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation.
The
!
symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The
WARNING
heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The
CAUTION
heading in a manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals, may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
2/01
Table of Contents
1
1.8.1
1.8.2
1.8.3
1.8.4
1.8.5
1.8.6
1.8.7
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.7
Performance Verification
Calibration
i
A
B
C
D
2.7.1
2.7.2
2.8
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.9
2.9.1
2.9.2
2.10
2.10.1
2.10.2
2.10.3
2.10.4
3
3.3.6
3.3.7
3.3.8
3.3.9
3.3.10
3.4
3.4.1
3.5
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
Calibration Command Reference
Appendices
ii
List of Illustrations
1
Figure 1-1
Figure 1-2
Figure 1-3
Figure 1-4
Figure 1-5
Figure 1-6
Figure 1-7
Figure 1-8
Figure 1-9
2
Figure 2-1
Figure 2-2
Figure 2-3
Figure 2-4
Figure 2-5
Figure B-1
Figure B-2
Figure B-3
Figure B-4
Figure B-5
Performance Verification
Connections for resistance verification (20
Ω
Connections for resistance verification (2M
1G
Ω
-200k
Ω
Ω
ranges) ................................................................ 1-14
- 200M
Ω
ranges) ........................................................... 1-15
Calibration
Appendices
iii
iv
List of Tables
1
Table 1-1
Table 1-2
Table 1-3
Table 1-4
Table 1-5
Table 1-6
Table 1-7
Table 1-8
Table 1-9
Table 1-10
Table 1-11
Table 1-12
Performance Verification
Limits for resistance verification (20
Ω
Limits for resistance verification (1G
Ω
-200M
Ω
ranges) ........................................................................ 1-13
range) ....................................................................................... 1-15
2
Table 2-1
Table 2-2
Table 2-3
Table 2-4
Table 2-5
Table 2-6
Table 2-7
Calibration
3
Table 3-1
Table 3-2
Table 3-3
Table 3-4
Calibration Command Reference
v
Table B-1
Table B-2
Table C-1
Table D-1
Appendices
vi
1
Performance Verification
1.1
Introduction
The procedures in this section are intended to verify that
Model 2001 accuracy is within the limits stated in the instrument one-year specifications. These procedures can be performed when the instrument is first received to ensure that no damage or misadjustment has occurred during shipment.
Verification may also be performed whenever there is a question of instrument accuracy, or following calibration, if desired.
NOTE
If the instrument is still under warranty, and its performance is outside specified limits, contact your Keithley representative or the factory to determine the correct course of action.
1.6
Verification limits:
Explains how reading limits were calculated.
1.7
Restoring factory default conditions:
Gives step-bystep procedures for restoring default conditions before each test procedure.
1.8
Verification procedures:
Details procedures to verify measurement accuracy of all Model 2001 measurement functions.
1.2
Environmental conditions
Verification measurements should be made at an ambient temperature of 18-28°C (65-82°F), and at a relative humidity of less than 80% unless otherwise noted.
This section includes the following:
1.2
Environmental conditions:
Covers the temperature and humidity limits for verification.
1.3
Warm-up period:
Describes the length of time the
Model 2001 should be allowed to warm up before testing.
1.4
Line power:
Covers power line voltage ranges during testing.
1.5
Recommended equipment:
Summarizes recommended equipment and pertinent specifications.
1.3
Warm-up period
The Model 2001 must be allowed to warm up for at least one hour before performing the verification procedures. If the instrument has been subjected to temperature extremes (outside the range stated in paragraph 1.2), allow additional time for internal temperatures to stabilize. Typically, it takes one additional hour to stabilize a unit that is 10°C (18°F) outside the specified temperature range.
The calibration equipment should also be allowed to warm up for the minimum period specified by the manufacturer.
1-1
Performance Verification
1.4
The Model 2001 should be tested while operating from a line voltage in the range of 90-134V or 180-250V at a frequency of 50, 60, or 400Hz.
1.5
Table 1-1 lists all test equipment required for verification.
Alternate equipment may be used as long as that equipment has specifications at least as good as those listed in the table.
See Appendix D for a list of alternate calibration sources.
1.6
Line power
Recommended test equipment
Verification limits
The verification limits stated in this section have been calculated using only Model 2001 one year specifications, and they do not include test equipment tolerance. If a particular measurement falls slightly outside the allowed range, recalculate new limits based both on Model 2001 specifications and pertinent calibration equipment specifications.
1.7
Restoring default conditions
Before performing
each
performance verification procedure, restore instrument bench default conditions as follows:
1. From the normal display mode, press the MENU key.
The instrument will display the following:
MAIN MENU
SAVESETUP GPIB CALIBRATION
2. Select SAVESETUP, and press ENTER. The following will be displayed:
SETUP MENU
SAVE RESTORE POWERON RESET
3. Select RESET, and press ENTER. The display will then appear as follows:
RESET ORIGINAL DFLTS
BENCH GPIB
4. Select BENCH, then press ENTER. The following will be displayed:
RESETTING INSTRUMENT
ENTER to confirm; EXIT to abort
5. Press ENTER again to confirm instrument reset.
Table 1-1
Recommended equipment for performance verification
Mfg.
Fluke
Model
5700A
Description
Calibrator
Specifications*
±5ppm basic uncertainty.
DC voltage:
190mV: ±11ppm
1.9V: ±5ppm
19V: ±5ppm
190V: ±7ppm
1000V: ±9ppm
AC voltage, 10Hz-1MHz (40Hz-20kHz specifications):
190mV: ±150ppm
1.9V: ±78ppm
19V: ±78ppm
190V: ±85ppm
DC current:
190µA: ±102ppm
1.9mA: ±55ppm
19mA: ±55ppm
190mA: ±65ppm
1.9A: ±96ppm
1-2
Performance Verification
Table 1-1 (cont.)
Recommended equipment for performance verification
Mfg.
Model Description Specifications*
Fluke 5700A Calibrator AC current, 40Hz-10kHz (40Hz-1kHz specifications):
190µA: ±245ppm
1.9mA: ±160ppm
19mA: ±160ppm
190mA: ±170ppm
1.9A: ±670ppm
Resistance:
19
Ω
: ±26ppm
190
Ω
: ±17ppm
1.9k
Ω
: ±12ppm
19k
Ω
: ±11ppm
190k
Ω
: ±13ppm
1.9M
Ω
: ±19ppm
19M
Ω
: ±47ppm
100M
Ω
: ±120ppm
AC voltage, 1kHz-10kHz: 750V: ±85ppm
190mV, 1.9V @ 2MHz, ±0.1%
Fluke
Fluke
5725A Amplifier
5700A-03 Wideband AC option
Fluke 5440A-7002 Low thermal cable set
Keithley CA-18-1 Low capacitance cable
Keithley R-289-1G 1G
Ω
resistor
Low capacitance dual banana to dual banana shielded cable (for
ACV), 1.2m (4 ft.) in length.
NOTE: Resistor should be characterized to within ±10,000 ppm and mounted in shielded test box (see procedure).
Metal component box (for
1G
Ω
resistor)
Insulated banana plugs (2)
(for test box)
Keithley 3940
General
Radio
1433-T
Multifunction Synthesizer 1Hz-15MHz, ±5ppm
Precision Decade Resistance Box
Megohmmeter
10-400
Ω
, ±0.02%
1G
Ω
, ±1%
* 90-day calibrator specifications shown include total uncertainty at specified output. The 1.9V output includes 0.5ppm transfer uncertainty. See Appendix
D for recommendation on alternate calibration sources.
1-3
Performance Verification
1.8
Verification procedures
The following paragraphs contain procedures for verifying instrument accuracy specifications for the following measuring functions:
• DC volts
• AC volts
• DC current
• AC current
• Resistance
• Frequency
• Temperature
If the Model 2001 is out of specifications and not under warranty, refer to the calibration procedures in Section 2.
WARNING
The maximum common-mode voltage
(voltage between INPUT LO and chassis ground) is 500V peak. Exceeding this value may cause a breakdown in insulation, creating a shock hazard. Some of the procedures in this section may expose you to dangerous voltages. Use standard safety precautions when such dangerous voltages are encountered to avoid personal injury caused by electric shock.
NOTE
Do not connect test equipment to the Model 2001 through a scanner.
1.8.1 DC volts verification
DC voltage accuracy is verified by applying accurate DC voltages from a calibrator to the Model 2001 input and verifying that the displayed readings fall within specified ranges.
Follow the steps below to verify DCV measurement accuracy.
CAUTION
Do not exceed 1100V peak between IN-
PUT HI and INPUT LO, or instrument damage may occur.
1. Turn on the Model 2001 and the calibrator, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
NOTE
Use shielded, low-thermal connections when testing the 200mV range to avoid errors caused by noise or thermal offsets.
Connect the shield to calibrator output
LO. (See Table 1-1.)
2. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator, as shown in
Figure 1-1. Be sure to connect calibrator HI to Model
2001 INPUT HI and calibrator LO to Model 2001 IN-
PUT LO as shown.
3. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
4. Set digital filter averaging as follows:
A. From normal display, press CONFIG then DCV.
B. Select FILTER, then press ENTER.
C. Select AVERAGING, then press ENTER.
D. Using the cursor and range keys, set the averaging parameter to 10 readings, then press ENTER.
E. Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
F. If the FILT annunciator is off, press FILTER to enable the filter.
5. Select the Model 2001 200mV DC range.
NOTE
Do not use auto-ranging for any of the verification tests because auto-range hysteresis may cause the Model 2001 to be on an incorrect range.
6. Set the calibrator output to 0.000000mVDC, and allow the reading to settle.
7. Enable the Model 2001 REL mode. Leave REL enabled for the remainder of the DC volts verification test.
8. Set the calibrator output to +190.0000mVDC, and allow the reading to settle.
9. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits summarized in Table 1-2.
10. Repeat steps 8 and 9 for the remaining ranges and voltages listed in Table 1-2.
11. Repeat the procedure for each of the ranges with negative voltages of the same magnitude as those listed in Table 1-2.
1-4
Performance Verification
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
+1. 900000 VDC
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Output HI
Input
LO
Output
LO
Note: Use shielded, low-thermal cables
when testing 200mV range. Use
internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-1
Connections for DC volts verification
5700A Calibrator (Output DC Voltage)
Ground link installed.
Table 1-2
Limits for DC volts verification
2001
DCV range
Applied DC voltage
Reading limits
(18° to 28°C, 1 year)
200mV
2V
20V
200V
1000V
190.0000mV
1.900000V
19.00000V
190.0000V
1000.000V
189.9918mV to 190.0082mV
1.899949V to 1.900052V
18.99946V to 19.00054V
189.9922V to 190.0078V
999.953V to 1000.047V
Notes:
1. Repeat procedure for negative voltages.
2. Reading limits shown do not include calibrator uncertainty.
1.8.2 AC volts verification
AC voltage accuracy is checked by applying accurate AC voltages at specific frequencies from an AC calibration source and then verifying that each Model 2001 AC voltage reading falls within the specified range. The three ACV verification procedures that follow include:
• Normal mode
• Low-frequency mode
• Peak ACV
CAUTION
Do not exceed 1100V peak or 2
×
10
7
V•Hz between INPUT HI and IN-
PUT LO, or instrument damage may occur.
Normal mode
1. Turn on the Model 2001, calibrator, and amplifier, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
2. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator, as shown in
Figure 1-2. Be sure to connect the amplifier HI to Model
2001 INPUT HI, and amplifier LO to Model 2001 IN-
PUT LO as shown. Connect the power amplifier to the calibrator using the appropriate connector on the rear of the calibrator.
3. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
4. Select the ACV function and the 200mV range on the
Model 2001, and make sure that REL is disabled.
NOTE
Do not use REL to null offsets when performing AC volts tests.
5. Set the calibrator output to 190.000mVAC at a frequency of 20Hz, and allow the reading to settle.
6. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits summarized in Table 1-3.
7. Repeat steps 5 and 6 for 190mVAC at the remaining frequencies listed in Table 1-3 (except 2MHz).Verify that instrument readings fall within the required limits listed in the table.
8. Repeat steps 5 through 7 for the 2V, 20V, 200V, and
750VAC ranges, using the input voltages and limits stated in Table 1-3.
9. Connect the Model 2001 to the wideband calibrator output (Figure 1-3).
1-5
Performance Verification
10. Set the calibrator output to 190.0000mV at a frequency of 2MHz.
11. Verify that the reading is within limits stated in Table 1-
3.
12. Repeat steps 10 and 11 for 1.900V input on the 2V range.
Low-frequency mode
1. Turn on the Model 2001, calibrator, and amplifier, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
2. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator, as shown in
Figure 1-2. Be sure to connect the amplifier HI to Model
2001 INPUT HI, and amplifier LO to Model 2001 IN-
PUT LO as shown. Connect the power amplifier to the calibrator using the appropriate connector on the rear of the calibrator.
3. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
4. Select the ACV function and the 200mV range on the
Model 2001, and make sure that REL is disabled.
NOTE
Do not use REL to null offsets when performing AC volts tests. Also, do not enable the filter.
5. Select the low-frequency mode as follows:
A. Press CONFIG ACV, select AC-TYPE, then press
ENTER.
B. Select LOW-FREQ-RMS, then press ENTER.
C. Press EXIT as required to return to normal display.
6. Set the calibrator output to 190.000mVAC at a frequency of 10Hz, and allow the reading to settle.
7. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits summarized in Table 1-4.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 for 190mVAC at the remaining frequencies listed in the table.
9. Repeat steps 6 through 8 for the 2V, 20V, 200V, and
750VAC ranges, using the input voltages and limits stated in Table 1-4.
CAUTION
Do not apply more than 400V at 50kHz,
80V at 250kHz, 40V at 500kHz, or 20V at 1MHz, or instrument damage may occur.
5725 Amplifier (Connect to calibrator)
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
Model 2001
Ω
SENSE
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
1. 900000 VAC RMS
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Output HI
Input
LO
Output
LO
5700A Calibrator (Output AC Voltage)
CA-18-1 Lowcapacitance cable
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-2
Connections for AC volts verification (all except 2MHz test)
1-6
Performance Verification
5725 Amplifier (Connect to calibrator)
BNC to dual banana
50
Ω terminator
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
1. 900000 VAC RMS
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
50
Ω
Coax
5700A Calibrator (Output AC Voltage)
Wideband output
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-3
Connections for AC volts verification (2MHz frequency only)
1-7
Performance Verification
1-8
Performance Verification
Table 1-4
Limits for low-frequency mode AC voltage verification
Allowable readings
(1 year, 18° to 28°C)
2001 ACV range
Applied voltage 10Hz 50Hz 100Hz
200mV
2V
20V
200V
750V
190mV
1.9V
19V
190V
750V
189.837mV
to
190.163mV
1.89837V
to
1.90163V
18.9818V
to
19.0182V
189.811V
to
190.189V
—
189.875mV
to
190.125mV
1.89875V
to
1.90125V
18.9856V
to
19.0144V
189.849V
to
190.151V
748.72V
to
751.28V
NOTE: Specifications above 100Hz are the same as normal mode. Limits shown do not include calibrator uncertainty.
189.875mV
to
190.125mV
1.89875V
to
1.90125V
18.9856V
to
19.0144V
189.849V
to
190.151V
748.72V
to
751.28V
AC peak mode
1. Turn on the Model 2001, calibrator, and amplifier, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
2. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator, as shown in
Figure 1-2. Be sure to connect the amplifier HI to Model
2001 INPUT HI, and amplifier LO to Model 2001 IN-
PUT LO as shown. Connect the power amplifier to the calibrator using the appropriate connector on the rear of the calibrator.
3. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
4. Select the ACV function and the 200mV range on the
Model 2001, and make sure that REL is disabled.
NOTE
Do not use REL to null offsets when performing AC volts tests. Use AC coupling for 5kHz-1MHz tests. Use AC+DC coupling for 20Hz tests. (Use CONFIG-ACV to set coupling.)
5. Select the AC peak and filter modes as follows:
A. Press CONFIG then ACV, select AC-TYPE, then press ENTER.
B. Select PEAK, then press ENTER.
C. Select FILTER, then press ENTER.
D. Select AVERAGING, then press ENTER.
E. Using the cursor and range keys, set the averaging parameter to 10 readings, then press ENTER.
F. Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
G. If the FLT annunciator is off, press FILTER to enable the filter.
6. Set the calibrator output to 100.000mVAC at a frequency of 5kHz, and allow the reading to settle.
7. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits summarized in Table 1-5.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 for 100mVAC at the remaining frequencies listed in the table.
9. Repeat steps 6 through 8 for the 2V, 20V, 200V, and
750VAC ranges, using the input voltages and limits stated in Table 1-5.
CAUTION
Do not apply more than 400V at 50kHz,
80V at 250kHz, 40V at 500kHz, or 20V at 1MHz, or instrument damage may occur.
10. Set input coupling to AC+DC, then repeat the procedure for a 20Hz input signal.
1-9
Performance Verification
Table 1-5
Limits for AC peak voltage verification
Allowable Readings (1 year, 18° to 28°C)
2001
ACV range
200mV
2V
20V
200V
750V
Applied voltage* 20Hz†
100mV
1V
10V
190V
750V
139.9mV
to
142.9mV
1.407V
to
1.421V
13.99V
to
14.29V
267.8V
to
269.6V
5kHz
139.9mV
to
142.9mV
1.407V
to
1.421V
13.98V
to
14.30V
267.8V
to
269.6V
1054V to
1067V
25kHz
139.9mV
to
142.9mV
1.407V
to
1.421V
13.98V
to
14.30V
267.7V
to
269.7V
1053V to
1068V
50kHz 100kHz 250kHz 500kHz 750kHz
139.8mV
to
143.0mV
1.406V
to
1.422V
13.97V
to
14.31V
267.6V
to
269.8V
**
139.6mV
to
143.2mV
1.404V
to
1.424V
13.96V
to
14.32V
267.4V
to
270.0V
**
*Calibrator voltage is given as an RMS value. Model 2001 reading limits are peak AC values.
**CAUTION: Do not apply more than 2
×
10
7
V•Hz
†Use AC+DC input coupling for 20Hz tests only. (Use CONFIG-ACV to set coupling.)
NOTE: Limits shown do not include uncertainty calibrator.
138.6mV
to
144.2mV
1.394V
to
1.434V
13.86V
to
14.42V
**
**
136.5mV
to
146.3mV
1.373V
to
1.455V
13.65V
to
14.63V
**
**
132.2mV
to
150.6mV
1.330V
to
1.498V
13.22V
to
15.06V
**
**
1MHz
127.3mV
to
155.5mV
1.281V
to
1.547V
12.73V
to
15.55V
**
**
1.8.3 DC current verification
DC current accuracy is checked by applying accurate DC currents from a calibrator to the instrument AMPS input and then verifying that the current readings fall within appropriate limits.
Follow the steps below to verify DCI measurement accuracy.
CAUTION
Do not apply more than 2A, 250V to the
AMPS input, or the amps protection fuse will blow.
1. Turn on the Model 2001 and the calibrator, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
2. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator, as shown in
Figure 1-4. Be sure to connect calibrator HI to the
AMPS input, and connect calibrator LO to INPUT LO as shown.
3. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
4. Set digital filter averaging as follows:
A. From normal display, press CONFIG then DCI.
B. Select FILTER, then press ENTER.
C. Select AVERAGING, then press ENTER.
D. Using the cursor and range keys, set the averaging parameter to 10 readings, then press ENTER.
E. Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
F. If the FILT annunciator is off, press FILTER to enable the filter.
5. Select the DC current function (DCI) and the 200µA range on the Model 2001.
6. Set the calibrator output to +190.0000µADC, and allow the reading to settle.
7. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits summarized in Table 1-6.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 for the remaining currents listed in
Table 1-6.
9. Repeat the procedure for each of the ranges with negative currents of the same magnitude as those listed in Table 1-6.
1-10
Performance Verification
5700A Calibrator (Output DC Current)
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
19.00000 mADC
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
REL TRIG STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
INFO LOCAL CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input
LO
Output HI
Amps
Output
LO
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-4
Connections for DC current verification
Table 1-6
Limits for DC current verification
2001 DCI range
Applied DC current
Reading limits
(1 year, 18° to 28°C)
200µA
2mA
20mA
200mA
2A
190.0000µA
1.900000mA
19.00000mA
190.0000mA
1.900000A
189.9000µA to
190.1000µA
1.899200mA
to
1.900800mA
18.99200mA
to
19.00800mA
189.9010mA
to
190.0990mA
1.898200A
to
1.901800A
NOTES:
1. Repeat procedure for negative currents.
2. Reading limits shown do not include calibrator uncertainty.
1.8.4 AC current verification
AC current verification is performed by applying accurate
AC currents at specific frequencies and then verifying that
Model 2001 readings fall within specified limits.
Follow the steps below to verify ACI measurement accuracy.
CAUTION
Do not apply more than 2A, 250V to the
AMPS input, or the current protection fuse will blow.
1. Turn on the Model 2001 and the calibrator, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
2. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator, as shown in
Figure 1-5. Be sure to connect calibrator HI to the
AMPS input, and connect calibrator LO to INPUT LO as shown.
3. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
4. Select the AC current function and the 200µA range on the Model 2001.
5. Set the calibrator output to 190.000µA AC at a frequency of 40Hz, and allow the reading to settle.
6. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits for the present current and frequency summarized in Table 1-7.
7. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for each frequency listed in Table
1-7.
8. Repeat steps 4 through 7 for the remaining ranges and frequencies listed in Table 1-7.
1-11
Performance Verification
5700A Calibrator (Output AC Current)
Model 2001
Ω
SENSE
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
190.0000 µAAC RMS
2001 MULTIMETER
350V
PEAK
DCV ACV
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
DCI ACI
Ω
2
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
1100V
PEAK
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input
LO
Output HI
Amps
Output
LO
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-5
Connections for AC current verification
Table 1-7
Limits for AC current verification
Reading limits (1 year, 18° to 28°C)
2001 ACI range
Applied AC current 40Hz 100Hz
200µA
2mA
20mA
200mA
190.000µA
1.90000mA
19.0000mA
190.000mA
188.260µA to
191.740µA
1.88355mA
to
1.91645mA
18.8355mA
to
19.1645mA
188.355mA
to
191.645mA
2A 1.90000A
1.88250A
to
1.91750A
Note: Reading limits shown do not include calibrator uncertainty.
1.89556A
to
1.90444A
189.560µA to
190.440µA
1.89657mA
to
1.90344mA
18.9657mA
to
19.0344mA
189.657mA
to
190.344mA
1kHz
189.210µA to
190.790µA
1.89742mA
to
1.90258mA
18.9742mA
to
19.0258mA
189.742mA
to
190.258mA
1.89390A
to
1.90610A
10kHz
189.020µA to
190.980µA
1.89742mA
to
1.90258mA
18.9742mA
to
19.0258mA
189.685mA
to
190.315mA
1.89105A
to
1.90895A
1-12
1.8.5 Resistance verification
Resistance verification is performed by connecting accurate resistance values to the instrument and verifying that Model
2001 resistance readings are within stated limits.
Follow the steps below to verify resistance measurement accuracy.
CAUTION
Do not apply more than 1100V peak between INPUT HI and LO or more than
350V peak between SENSE HI and LO, or instrument damage may occur.
20
Ω
- 200k
Ω
range verification
1. Turn on the Model 2001 and the calibrator, and allow a one-hour warm-up period before making measurements.
2. Set the calibrator for 4-wire resistance (external sense on).
3. Using shielded 4-wire connections, connect the Model
2001 to the calibrator, as shown in Figure 1-6. Be sure to connect calibrator HI and LO terminals to the Model
2001 HI and LO terminals (including SENSE HI and
LO) as shown.
4. Restore Model 2001 factory default conditions, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
5. Set operating modes as follows:
A. From normal display, press CONFIG then
Ω
4.
B. Select FILTER, then press ENTER.
C. Select AVERAGING, then press ENTER.
D. Using the cursor and range keys, set the averaging parameter to 10 readings, then press ENTER.
E. Select OFFSETCOMP, then press ENTER.
F. Select ON, then press ENTER.
G. Press EXIT to return to normal display.
6. Set the calibrator to output 19.000
Ω
, and allow the reading to settle. Verify that the reading is within the limits stated in Table 1-8.
NOTE
Resistance values available in the Model
5700A calibrator may be slightly different than the stated nominal resistance values.
Calculated limits stated in Table 1-8 should be recalculated based on actual calibrator resistance values.
Performance Verification
7. Set the calibrator output to 190.000
Ω
, and allow the reading to settle.
8. Verify that the reading is within the limits stated in Table
1-8. (NOTE: Recalculate limits if calibrator resistance is not exactly as listed.)
9. Repeat steps 11 and 12 for the 2k
Ω
through 200k
Ω ranges using the values listed in Table 1-8. NOTE: Turn offset compensation off when testing the 200k
Ω
range
(see step 5).
Table 1-8
Limits for resistance verification (20
Ω
-200M
Ω
ranges)
2001
Ω
range
20
200
2k
20k
200k
2M
20M
200M
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Applied resistance
19.0000
190.000
1.90000k
19.0000k
190.000k
1.90000M
19.0000M
100.000M
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
Reading limits
(1 year, 18° to 28°C)
18.99849
Ω to
19.00151
Ω
189.9880
Ω to
190.0120
Ω
1.899897k
Ω to
1.900103k
Ω
18.99897k
Ω to
19.00103k
Ω
189.9820k
Ω to
190.0180k
Ω
1.899687M
Ω to
1.900313M
Ω
18.98281M
Ω to
19.01719M
Ω
97.9800M
Ω to
102.0200M
Ω
NOTES:
1.
Limits shown do not include calibrator uncertainty and are based on absolute calibration values shown. Recalculate limits using Model 2001 specifications if calibrator resistance values differ from nominal values shown.
2.
Use 4-wire connections and function for 20
Ω
-200k
Ω
ranges.
Use 2-wire connections and function for 2M
Ω
-200M
Ω
ranges.
1-13
Performance Verification
5700A Calibrator (Output 2-Wire Resistance)
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
+1. 900000 k
Ω
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Output HI
Input
LO
Output
LO
Note: Use shielded cable to minimize noise.
Disable calibrator external sense mode.
Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-6
Connections for resistance verification (20
Ω
-200k
Ω
ranges)
Ground link installed.
2M
Ω
– 200M
Ω
range verification
1. Connect the DC calibrator and Model 2001 using the 2wire connections shown in Figure 1-7.
2. Set the calibrator to the 2-wire mode (external sense off).
3. Set operating modes as follows:
A. From normal display, press CONFIG then
Ω
2.
B. Select FILTER, then press ENTER.
C. Select AVERAGING, then press ENTER.
D. Using the cursor and range keys, set the averaging parameter to 10 readings, then press ENTER.
E. Press EXIT to return to normal display.
F. If the FILT annunciator is off, press FILTER to enable the filter.
4. Select the Model 2001
Ω
2 function, and change to the
2M
Ω
range.
5. Set the calibrator to output 1.90000M
Ω
, and allow the reading to settle.
6. Verify that the reading is within the limits for the 2M
Ω range stated in Table 1-8. (NOTE: Recalculate limits if actual calibrator resistance differs from value shown.)
7. Repeat steps 4 through 6 for the 20M
Ω
(output
19.0000M
Ω
) and 200M
Ω
(output 100.000M
Ω
) ranges.
1G
Ω
range verification
1. Mount the 1G
Ω
resistor and the banana plugs to the test box, as shown in Figure 1-8. Be sure to mount the banana plugs with the correct spacing. The resistor should be completely enclosed in and shielded by the metal test box. The resistor LO lead should be electrically connected to the test box to provide adequate shielding.
2. Characterize the 1G
Ω
resistor to within ±10,000ppm or better using an accurate megohmmeter (see Table 1-1).
Record the characterized value where indicated in Table
1-9. Also, compute the limits based on the value of R using the formula at the bottom of the table.
NOTE
The value of the 1G
Ω
resistor should not exceed 1.05G
Ω
.
3. Set operating modes as follows:
A. From normal display, press CONFIG then
Ω
2.
B. Select FILTER, then press ENTER.
C. Select AVERAGING, then press ENTER.
D. Using the cursor and range keys, set the averaging parameter to 10 readings, then press ENTER.
E. Press EXIT to return to normal display.
F. If the FILT annunciator is off, press FILTER to enable the filter.
4. Select the 2-wire ohms function (
Ω
2) and the 1G
Ω range on the Model 2001.
5. Connect the 1G
Ω
resistor test box (from steps 1 and 2) to the INPUT HI and LO terminals of the Model 2001.
Allow the reading to settle.
6. Verify that the Model 2001 reading is within the limits you calculated and recorded in Table 1-9.
1-14
Performance Verification
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
Sense HI
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
190.0000 k
Ω
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Input
LO
Sense LO
Sense HI
Output HI
Output
LO
Note: Use shielded cables to minimize noise.
Enable calibrator external sense mode.
Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 1-7
Connections for resistance verification (2M
Ω
- 200M
Ω
ranges)
Sense LO
5700A Calibrator (Output 4-wire Resistance)
Ground link installed.
1G
Ω
Resistor (Keithley part # R-289-1G)
Insulated
Plug
HI
0.75"
LO
Banana
Plugs
Non-insulated Plug
Metal
Test Box
Note: Resistor must be accurately characterized
before use (see text).
Figure 1-8
1G
Ω
resistor test box construction
Table 1-9
Limits for resistance verification (1G
Ω
range)
Characterized resistor (R) Reading limit (1 year, 18° to 28°C)*
____________ G
Ω
_________ G
Ω
to__________G
Ω
*1 Year limits = R ± (0.04R + 100,000)
Where R = characterized value of 1G
Ω
resistor.
1-15
Performance Verification
1.8.6 Frequency accuracy verification
Frequency accuracy verification is performed by connecting an accurate frequency source to the Model 2001 inputs, and then verifying that the frequency readings are within stated limits.
Use the procedure below to verify the frequency measurement accuracy of the Model 2001.
1. Connect the frequency synthesizer to the Model 2001
INPUT terminals, as shown in Figure 1-9.
2. Turn on both instruments, and allow a one-hour warmup period before measurement.
3. Set the synthesizer operating modes as follows:
FREQ: 1Hz
AMPTD: 5V p-p
OFFSET: 0V
MODE: CONT
FCTN: sine wave
4. Restore Model 2001 factory defaults, as explained in paragraph 1.7.
5. Press FREQ to place the Model 2001 in the frequency measurement mode.
6. Set maximum signal level to 10V as follows:
A. Press CONFIG then FREQ.
B. Select MAX-SIGNAL-LEVEL, then press ENTER.
C. Select VOLTAGE, then press ENTER.
D. Select 10V, then press ENTER.
E. Press EXIT to return to normal display.
7. Verify that the Model 2001 frequency reading is within the limits shown in the first line of Table 1-10.
8. Set the synthesizer to each of the frequencies listed in
Table 1-10, and verify that the Model 2001 frequency reading is within the required limits.
Table 1-10
Frequency verification limits
Synthesizer frequency
1Hz
10Hz
100Hz
1kHz
10kHz
100kHz
1MHz
10MHz
15MHz
Reading limits
(1 year, 18° to 28°C)
0.9997Hz to 1.0003Hz
9.997Hz to 10.003Hz
99.97Hz to 100.03Hz
0.9997kHz to 1.0003kHz
9.997kHz to 10.003kHz
99.97kHz to 100.03kHz
0.9997MHz to 1.0003MHz
9.997MHz to 10.003MHz
14.995MHz to 15.005MHz
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
1.0000 MHz
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
DCV ACV DCI ACI
2001 MULTIMETER
Ω
2
Ω
4
FREQ TEMP
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
INPUTS
LO
F
FRONT/REAR
R
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
CAL
BNC-to-Dual
Banana Plug
Adapter
Model 3940 Synthesizer
3940 MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER
50
Ω
BNC Coaxial Cable
Figure 1-9
Connections for frequency accuracy verification
Main
Function
Output
1-16
Performance Verification
1.8.7 Temperature reading checks
When using thermocouples, the Model 2001 displays temperature by measuring the DC thermocouple voltage, and then calculating the corresponding temperature. Similarly, the instrument computes RTD temperature readings by measuring the resistance of the RTD probe and calculating temperature from the resistance value.
Since the instrument computes temperature from DCV and resistance measurements, verifying the accuracy of those
DCV and resistance measurement functions guarantees the accuracy of corresponding temperature measurements.
Thus, it is not necessary to perform a comprehensive temperature verification procedure if DCV and resistance verification procedures show the instrument meets its specifications in those areas. However, those who wish to verify that the
Model 2001 does in fact properly display temperature can use the following procedure to do so.
Selecting the temperature sensor
Follow the steps below to select the type of temperature sensor:
1. From normal display, press CONFIG then TEMP.
2. Select SENSOR, then press ENTER.
3. Select 4-WIRE RTD or THERMOCOUPLE as desired, then press ENTER.
4. Select the type of RTD probe or thermocouple you wish to test, then return to the CONFIG TEMPERATURE menu.
5. Select UNITS, then press ENTER.
6. Select DEG-C, then press ENTER.
7. Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
8. Press the TEMP key to place the Model 2001 in the temperature display mode. Refer to further information below on how to check thermocouple and RTD probe readings.
Thermocouple temperature reading checks
To check thermocouple readings, simply apply the appropriate DC voltage listed in Table 1-11 to the Model 2001 IN-
PUT jacks using a precision DC voltage source (such as the one used to verify DC voltage accuracy in paragraph 1.8.1), and check the displayed temperature reading. Be sure to use low-thermal cables for connections between the DC calibrator and the Model 2001 when making these tests.
NOTE
The voltages shown are based on a 0°C reference junction temperature. Use CON-
FIG TEMP to set the default reference junction temperature to 0°C.
Table 1-11
Thermocouple temperature reading checks
Thermocouple type
Applied DC voltage*
Displayed temperature (°C)
J
K
T
E
-4.215mV
0mV
1.277mV
5.268mV
42.283mV
-3.242mV
0mV
1.000mV
4.095mV
54.125mV
-3.089mV
0mV
0.992mV
4.277mV
20.252mV
-4.777mV
0mV
1.495mV
6.317mV
75.608mV
-90.5 to -89.5
-0.5 to +0.5
24.5 to 25.5
99.5 to 100.5
749.5 to 750.5
-90.5 to -89.5
-0.5 to +0.5
24.5 to 25.5
99.5 to 100.5
1349.5 to 1350.5
-90.5 to -89.5
-0.5 to +0.5
24.5 to 25.5
99.5 to 100.5
389.5 to 390.5
-90.6 to -89.4
-0.6 to +0.6
24.4 to 25.6
99.4 to 100.6
989.4 to 990.6
R
S
0.054mV
0.647mV
4.471mV
20.878mV
0.055mV
0.645mV
4.234mV
18.504mV
7 to 13
97 to 103
497 to 503
1747 to 1753
7 to 13
97 to 103
497 to 503
1747 to 1753
B 0.632mV
1.241mV
4.833mV
13.585mV
355 to 365
495 to 505
995 to 1005
1795 to 1805
*Voltages shown are based on 0°C reference junction temperature. Use
CONFIG-TEMP menu to set default reference junction to 0°C.
1-17
Performance Verification
RTD Temperature reading checks
Use a precision decade resistance box (see Table 1-1) to simulate probe resistances at various temperatures (Table 1-12).
Be sure to use 4-wire connections between the decade resistance box and the Model 2001.
Table 1-12
RTD probe temperature reading checks
RTD probe
(
(
∝
∝
type
PT385
=0.00385)
PT3916
=0.00392)
Applied resistance
64.30
Ω
100
Ω
109.73
Ω
138.5
Ω
313.59
Ω
63.68
Ω
100
Ω
109.90
Ω
139.16
Ω
266.94
Ω
Displayed temperature (°C)
-90.08 to -89.92
-0.08 to +0.08
-24.92 to 25.08
99.92 to 100.08
599.86 to 600.14
-90.08 to -89.92
-0.08 to +0.08
-24.92 to 25.08
99.92 to 100.08
449.86 to 450.14
1-18
2
Calibration
2.1
Introduction
This section gives detailed procedures for calibrating the
Model 2001. There are three types of calibration procedures:
• Comprehensive calibration
• AC self-calibration
• Low-level calibration
Comprehensive calibration requires accurate calibration equipment to supply precise DC voltages and resistance values. AC self-calibration requires no external equipment and can be performed at any time by the operator. Low-level calibration is normally performed only at the factory where the instrument is manufactured and is not usually required in the field.
NOTE
Low-level calibration is required in the field only if the Model 2001 has been repaired, or if the other calibration procedures cannot bring the instrument within stated specifications.
Section 2 includes the following information:
2.2
Environmental conditions:
States the temperature and humidity limits for calibration.
2.3
Warm-up period:
Discusses the length of time the
Model 2001 should be allowed to warm up before calibration.
2.4
Line power:
States the power line voltage limits when calibrating the unit.
2.5
Calibration lock:
Explains how to unlock calibration with the CAL switch.
2.6
IEEE-488 bus calibration commands and program:
Summarizes bus commands used for calibration, lists a simple calibration program, and also discusses other important aspects of calibrating the instrument over the bus.
2.7
Calibration errors:
Details front panel error messages that might occur during calibration and also explains how to check for errors over the bus.
2.8
Comprehensive calibration:
Covers comprehensive
(user) calibration from the front panel and over the
IEEE-488 bus.
2.9
AC self-calibration:
Discusses the AC user calibration process, both from the front panel and over the
IEEE-488 bus.
2.10 Low-level calibration:
Explains how to perform the low-level calibration procedure, which is normally required only at the factory.
2.2
Environmental conditions
Calibration procedures should be performed at an ambient temperature of 23°± 1°C, and at a relative humidity of less than 80% unless otherwise noted.
2-1
Calibration
2.3
Warm-up period
The Model 2001 must be allowed to warm up for at least one hour before calibration. If the instrument has been subjected to temperature extremes (outside the range stated in paragraph 2.2), allow additional time for internal temperatures to stabilize. Typically, it takes one additional hour to stabilize a unit that is 10°C (18°F) outside the specified temperature range.
The calibration equipment should also be allowed to warm up for the minimum period specified by the manufacturer.
2.5.2 Low-level calibration lock
To unlock low-level calibration, press in and hold the CAL switch while turning on the power. Low-level calibration can then be performed.
NOTE
Do not unlock low-level calibration unless you have the appropriate equipment and intend to perform low-level calibration.
See paragraph 2.10 for low-level calibration details.
2.4
Line power
The Model 2001 should be calibrated while operating from a line voltage in the range of 90-134V or 180-250V at 50, 60, or 400Hz.
2.5
Calibration lock
Calibration can be unlocked by pressing in on the front panel
CAL switch. Remove the sticker that covers the CAL switch access hole before calibration. Replace the sticker after completing calibration.
2.5.1 Comprehensive calibration lock
Before performing comprehensive calibration, you must first unlock calibration by momentarily pressing in on the recessed CAL switch. The instrument will display the following message:
CALIBRATION UNLOCKED
Comprehensive cal can now be performed
If you attempt comprehensive or low-level calibration without performing the unlocking procedure, the following message will be displayed:
CALIBRATION LOCKED
Press the CAL switch to unlock.
Note that it is not necessary to unlock calibration for the AConly self-calibration procedure.
If the CAL switch is pressed with calibration already unlocked, the following message will be displayed:
CAL ALREADY UNLOCKED
Cycle Power to relock cal switch.
2.5.3 IEEE-488 bus calibration lock status
You can determine the status of either calibration lock over the bus by using the appropriate query. To determine comprehensive calibration lock status, send the following query:
:CAL:PROT:SWIT?
The instrument will respond with the calibration lock status:
0: comprehensive calibration locked
1: comprehensive calibration unlocked
To determine the status of the low-level calibration lock, send the following query:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:SWIT?
Responses to this lock query are:
0: low-level calibration locked
1: low-level calibration unlocked
Refer to paragraph 2.6.1 below and Section 3 for more details on calibration commands.
2.6
IEEE-488 bus calibration commands and program
2.6.1 Calibration commands
Table 2-1 summarizes calibration commands used to calibrate the instrument over the IEEE-488 bus (GPIB). For a complete description of calibration commands refer to Section 3.
2-2
Calibration
Table 2-1
IEEE-488 bus calibration command summary
Command Description
:CALibration
:PROTected
:LOCK
:SWITch?
:SAVE
:DATA?
:DATE “<string>”
:DATE?
:NDUE “<string>”
:NDUE?
:LLEVel
:SWITch?
:STEP <Step #>
1
2
3
6
7
4
5
:CALCulate
:DC
:ZERO
:LOW <value>
:HIGH <value>
:LOHM <value>
:HOHM <value>
:OPEN
12
13
14
15
8
9
10
11
:CALCulate
:UNPRotected
:ACCompensation
Calibration root command.
All commands in this subsystem are protected by the CAL switch.
Lock out calibration (opposite of enabling cal with CAL switch).
Request comprehensive CAL switch state.
(0 = locked; 1 = unlocked)
Save cal constants to EEPROM.
Download cal constants from 2001.
Send cal date to 2001.
Request cal date from 2001.
Send next due cal date to 2001.
Request next due cal date from 2001.
Low-level calibration subsystem.
Request low-level CAL switch state. (0 = locked; 1 = unlocked)
20V AC at 1kHz step.
20V AC at 30kHz step.
200V AC at 1kHz step.
200V AC at 30kHz
1.5V AC at 1kHz step.
0.2V AC at 1kHz step.
5mV AC at 100kHz step.
0.5mV AC at 1kHz step.
+2V DC step.
-2V DC step.
0V DC step.
20mA AC at 1kHz step.
+0.2A DC step.
+2A DC step.
2V AC at 1Hz step.
Calculate low-level cal constants.
User calibration subsystem.
Low-thermal short calibration step.
+2V DC calibration step.
+20V DC calibration step.
20k
Ω
calibration step.
1M
Ω
calibration step.
Open circuit calibration step.
Calculate DC cal constants.
All commands in this subsystem are not protected by CAL switch.
Perform user AC calibration (disconnect all cables)
NOTE: Upper case letters indicated short form of each command. For example, instead of sending “:CALibration:PROTected:LOCK”, you can send
“:CAL:PROT:LOCK”.
2-3
Calibration
2.6.2 Required order of command execution
When calibrating from the front panel, the Model 2001 will automatically prompt you in the correct order for various calibration steps. When calibrating over the IEEE-488 bus, however, the calibration sequence is determined by the order in which commands are received. Note that the Model 2001 must receive calibration commands in a specific order as covered below.
Comprehensive calibration
The following rules must be observed when sending bus commands to perform comprehensive calibration. These rules assume that comprehensive calibration has been enabled by pressing the CAL switch after instrument power is turned on.
1. The Model 2001 must execute all commands in the
:CAL:PROT:DC subsystem before the
:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC command will be executed.
Commands in the :CAL:PROT:DC subsystem can be sent in any order with the exception of the CALC command.
2. The Model 2001 must execute the following commands before it will execute the :CAL:PROT:SAVE command:
• All :CAL:PROT:DC subsystem commands.
• The :CAL:PROT:DATE command.
• The :CAL:PROT:NDUE command.
Low-level calibration
The following rules must be observed when sending commands to perform low-level calibration. These rules assume that low-level calibration has been enabled by pressing the
CAL switch while turning on instrument power.
1. The Model 2001 must execute all commands in the
:CAL:PROT:DC subsystem before the
:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC command will be executed.
Commands in the :CAL:PROT:DC subsystem can be executed in any order (except for CALC).
2. The Model 2001 must execute all commands in the
:CAL:PROT:DC subsystem, and it must execute the
:CAL:UNPR:AC command before it will execute any of the low-level commands.
3. There are a total of 15 low-level calibration steps, all of which must be executed before the
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:CALC command will be executed.
The 15 low-level calibration steps must be executed in order (step 1 through step 15).
Step 1 is always a valid next step, which allows you to restart the low-level calibration procedure at any time.
Similarly, the present step is always a valid next step, allowing you to repeat a calibration step if necessary. The next low-level step in numerical order is always valid.
4. The Model 2001 must execute the following commands before it will execute the :CAL:PROT:SAVE command:
• All :CAL:PROT:DC subsystem commands.
• The :CAL:UNPR:ACC command.
• All :CAL:PROT:LLEV subsystem commands.
• The :CAL:PROT:DATE command.
• The :CAL:PROT:NDUE command.
2.6.3 Example calibration command program
Program 2-1 below will allow you to type in calibration commands and send them to the instrument. If the command is a query, the information will be requested from the instrument and displayed on the computer screen. The program uses the
*OPC command to detect the end of each calibration step, as discussed in paragraph 3.6 in Section 3.
NOTE
See Appendix B for a summary of complete calibration programs.
Program requirements
In order to use this program, you will need the following:
• IBM PC, AT, or compatible computer.
• IOtech Personal488, CEC PC-488, or National Instruments PC-II or IIA IEEE-488 interface for the computer.
• Shielded IEEE-488 cable (Keithley Model 7007)
• MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 3.3 or later.
• Microsoft QuickBASIC, version 4.0 or later.
• IOtech Driver488 IEEE-488 bus driver, Rev. 2.3 or later. (NOTE: Later versions of Driver488 may not support other manufacturers’ interface cards.)
Program instructions
1. With the power off, connect the Model 2001 to the
IEEE-488 interface of the computer.
2. Turn on the computer and the Model 2001. Press in on the CAL switch to unlock calibration.
3. Make sure the Model 2001 is set for a primary address of 16. You can check or change the address as follows:
A. Press MENU, select GPIB, then press ENTER.
B. Select MODE, then press ENTER.
C. Select ADDRESSABLE, and press ENTER.
2-4
Calibration
D. If the address is set correctly, press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
E. To change the address, use the cursor and range keys to set the address to the desired value, then press
ENTER. Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
4. Make sure that the IEEE-488 bus driver software is properly initialized.
5. Enter the QuickBASIC editor, and type in the example program. After checking for errors, press <Shift> +
<F5> to run it.
6. Type in the desired calibration command from the procedure (see paragraph 2.8.3), then press <Enter>.
2.7.1 Front panel error message summary
Table 2-2 summarizes front panel calibration error messages that may occur because of improper connections or procedure.
NOTE
There are many more error messages that could occur because of internal hardware problems. Refer to Appendix C for a complete listing of all Model 2001 calibration error messages.
2.7
Calibration errors
The Model 2001 checks for errors when calibration constants are calculated, minimizing the possibility that improper calibration may occur due to operator error. The following paragraphs summarize calibration error messages and discuss bus error reporting.
Table 2-2
Calibration error messages
Error ID code Error message
-222
+438
+439
+440
Parameter data out of range.
Date of calibration not set.
Next date of calibration not set.
Calibration process not completed.
NOTE: This table lists only those errors that could occur because of some external problem such as improper connections or wrong procedure. See Appendix C for a complete listing of all error messages.
Program 2-1
Example Program to Send Calibration Commands
OPEN “\DEV\IEEEOUT” FOR OUTPUT AS #1
OPEN “\DEV\IEEEIN” FOR INPUT AS #2
IOCTL #1, “BREAK”
PRINT #1, “RESET”
PRINT #1, “REMOTE 16”
PRINT #1, “TERM LF EOI”
PRINT #1, “OUTPUT 16;*RST;*ESE 1”
CLS
Cmd: LINE INPUT “COMMAND? ”; A$
IF RIGHT$(A$, 1) = “?” THEN GOTO Query
PRINT #1, “OUTPUT 16;*CLS”
PRINT #1, “OUTPUT 16;”; A$; “;*OPC”
Cal:
PRINT #1, “SPOLL 16”
INPUT #2, S
IF (S AND 32) = 0 THEN GOTO Cal:
GOTO Cmd
Query:
PRINT #1, “OUTPUT 16;”; A$
PRINT #1, “ENTER 16”
LINE INPUT #2, B$
PRINT B$
GOTO Cmd
END
‘ Open IEEE-488 output path.
‘ Open IEEE-488 input path.
‘ Reset interface.
‘ Warm start interface.
‘ Put unit in remote.
‘ Set terminator.
‘ Initialize 2001.
‘ Clear CRT.
‘ Check for a query.
‘ Clear status registers.
‘ Send command to unit.
‘ Check for completed cal.
‘ Send query to unit.
‘ Address unit to talk.
‘ Input response from unit.
2-5
Calibration
2.7.2 IEEE-488 bus error reporting
You can detect errors over the bus by testing the state of EAV
(Error Available) bit (bit 2) in the status byte. (Use the *STB?
query or serial polling to request the status byte.) If you wish to generate an SRQ (Service Request) on errors, send “*SRE
4” to the instrument to enable SRQ on errors.
You can query the instrument for the type of error by using the “:SYSTem:ERRor?” query. The Model 2001 will respond with the error number and a text message describing the nature of the error.
See paragraph 3.5 in Section 3 for more information on bus error reporting.
2.8.1 Recommended equipment for comprehensive calibration
Table 2-3 lists all test equipment recommended for comprehensive calibration. Alternate equipment (such as a DC transfer standard and characterized resistors) may be used as long as that equipment has specifications at least as good as those listed in the table. See Appendix D for a list of alternate calibration sources.
NOTE
Do not connect test equipment to the Model 2001 through a scanner.
2.8
Comprehensive calibration
The comprehensive calibration procedure calibrates DCV,
DCI (except for the 2A range),
Ω
2, and
Ω
4 functions. At the end of the DC calibration procedure, AC self-calibration is performed to complete the calibration process.
Comprehensive calibration should be performed at least once a year, or every 90 days to ensure the unit meets the corresponding specifications.
The comprehensive calibration procedure covered in this paragraph is normally the only calibration required in the field. However, if the unit has been repaired, you should perform the low-level calibration procedure explained in paragraph 2.10.
2.8.2 Front panel comprehensive calibration
Follow the steps below to calibrate the Model 2001 from the front panel. Refer to paragraph 2.8.3 below for the procedure to calibrate the unit over the IEEE-488 bus. Table 2-4 summarizes the front panel calibration procedure.
Table 2-4
Front panel comprehensive calibration summary
Step Description
7
8
5
6
3
4
1
2
9
10
Warm-up, unlock calibration
DC zero calibration
+2VDC calibration
+20VDC calibration
20k
Ω
calibration
1M
Ω
calibration
Open-circuit calibration
AC self-calibration
Enter calibration dates
Save calibration constants
Equipment/ connections
None
Low-thermal short
DC calibrator
DC calibrator
Ohms calibrator
Ohms calibrator
Disconnect leads
Disconnect leads
None
None
Table 2-3
Recommended equipment for comprehensive calibration
Mfg.
Model Description Specifications*
Fluke 5700A Calibrator ±5ppm basic uncertainty.
DC voltage:
2V: ±5ppm
20V: ±5ppm
Resistance:
19k
Ω
: ±11ppm
1M
Ω
: ±18ppm
Keithley 8610 Low-thermal shorting plug
* 90-day calibrator specifications shown include total uncertainty at specified output. The 2V output includes 0.5ppm transfer uncertainty. Use 20k
Ω
instead of 19k
Ω
if available with alternate resistance standard. See Appendix D for a list of alternate calibration sources.
2-6
Calibration
Procedure
Step 1: Prepare the Model 2001 for calibration
1. Turn on the power, and allow the Model 2001 to warm up for at least one hour before performing calibration.
2. Unlock comprehensive calibration by briefly pressing in on the recessed front panel CAL switch, and verify that the following message is displayed:
CALIBRATION UNLOCKED
Comprehensive calibration can now be run
3. Enter the front panel calibration menu as follows:
A. From normal display, press MENU.
B. Select CALIBRATION, and press ENTER.
C. Select COMPREHENSIVE, then press ENTER.
4. At this point, the instrument will display the following message:
DC CALIBRATION PHASE
Step 2: DC zero calibration
1. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following prompt.
SHORT-CIRCUIT INPUTS
2. Connect the Model 8610 low-thermal short to the instrument INPUT and SENSE terminals, as shown in Figure
2-1. Wait at least three minutes before proceeding to allow for thermal equilibrium.
NOTE
Be sure to connect the low-thermal short properly to the HI, LO, and SENSE terminals. Keep drafts away from low-thermal connections to avoid thermal drift, which could affect calibration accuracy.
3. Press ENTER. The instrument will then begin DC zero calibration. While calibration is in progress, the following will be displayed:
Performing Short-Ckt Calibration
Model 2001
S+
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Figure 2-1
Low-thermal short connections
S-
HI
LO
Model 8610
Low-thermal short
Step 3: +2V DC calibration
1. When the DC zero calibration step is completed, the following message will be displayed:
CONNECT 2 VDC CAL
2. Disconnect the low-thermal short, and connect the DC calibrator to the INPUT jacks, as shown in Figure 2-2.
NOTE
Although 4-wire connections are shown, the sense leads are connected and disconnected at various points in the procedure by turning calibrator external sense on or off as appropriate. If your calibrator does not have provisions for turning external sense on and off, disconnect the sense leads when external sensing is to be turned off, and connect the sense leads when external sensing is to be turned on.
3. Set the calibrator output to +2.0000000V, and turn external sense off.
4. Press ENTER, and note that the Model 2001 displays the presently selected calibration voltage:
VOLTAGE = 2.0000000
(At this point, you can use the cursor and range keys to set the calibration voltage to a value from 0.98 to 2.1V
if your calibrator cannot source 2V).
NOTE
For best results, it is recommended that you use the displayed calibration values throughout the procedure whenever possible.
5. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following during calibration:
2-7
Calibration
Sense LO
5700A Calibrator
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
Sense HI
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
1100V
PEAK
350V
PEAK
DCV ACV DCI ACI
2001 MULTIMETER
Ω
4 FREQ TEMP
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
LO
INPUTS
F
FRONT/REAR
R
CAL
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Input
LO
Sense HI
Output HI
Output
LO
Sense LO
Note: Use shielded cables to minimize noise.
Enable or disable calibrator external
sense as indicated in procedure. Use
internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 2-2
Connections for comprehensive calibration
Performing 2 VDC Calibration
Step 4: +20V DC calibration
1. After completing 2VDC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
CONNECT 20 VDC CAL
2. Set the DC calibrator output to +20.000000V.
3. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument displays the calibration voltage:
VOLTAGE = 20.0000000
(At this point, you can use the cursor and range keys to set the calibration voltage to a value from 9.8 to 21V if your calibrator cannot source 20V).
4. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following message to indicate it is performing 20V DC calibration:
Performing 20 VDC Calibration
Step 5: 20k
Ω
calibration
1. After completing 20VDC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
CONNECT 20kOHM RES
2. Set the calibrator output to 19.0000k
Ω
, and turn external sense on.
3. Press ENTER, and note that the Model 2001 displays the resistance calibration value:
OHMS = 20000.000
Ground link installed.
4. Using the cursor and range keys, set the resistance value displayed by the Model 2001 to the exact resistance value displayed by the calibrator. (The allowable range is from 9k
Ω
to 20k
Ω
.)
5. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument displays the following during 20k
Ω
calibration:
Performing 20 kOHM Calibration
Step 6: 1M
Ω
calibration
1. After completing 20k
Ω
calibration, the instrument will display the following:
CONNECT 1.0 MOHM RES
2. Set the calibrator output to 1.00000M
Ω
, and turn external sense off.
3. Press ENTER, and note that the Model 2001 displays the resistance calibration value:
OHMS = 1000000.000
4. Using the cursor and range keys, set the resistance value displayed by the Model 2001 to the exact resistance value displayed by the calibrator. (The allowable range for this parameter is from 800k
Ω
to 2M
Ω
.)
5. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument displays the following during 1M
Ω
calibration:
Performing 1.0 MOHM Calibration
Step 7: Open-circuit calibration
1. At this point, the instrument will display the following message advising you to disconnect test leads:
OPEN CIRCUIT INPUTS
2-8
Calibration
2. Disconnect all test leads from the INPUT and SENSE jacks, then press ENTER. During this calibration phase, the instrument will display the following:
Performing Open-Ckt Calibration
Step 8: AC self-calibration
1. After open circuit calibration, the instrument will display the following message:
AC CALIBRATION PHASE
2. Make sure all test leads are still disconnected from the
Model 2001 INPUT and SENSE jacks.
3. Press ENTER to perform AC calibration, which will take about six minutes to complete. During AC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
Calibrating AC: Please wait
4. When AC calibration is finished, the instrument will display the following:
AC CAL COMPLETE
Step 9: Enter calibration dates
1. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument prompts you to enter the present calibration date:
CAL DATE: 01/01/92
2. Use the cursor and range keys to enter the current date as the calibration date, then press ENTER. Press EN-
TER again to confirm the date as being correct.
3. The instrument will then prompt you to enter the due date for next calibration:
NEXT CAL: 01/01/93
4. Use the cursor and range keys to set the date as desired, then press ENTER. Press ENTER a second time to confirm your selection.
Step 10: Save calibration constants
1. At the end of a successful calibration cycle, the instrument will display the following:
CALIBRATION SUCCESS
2. If you wish to save calibration constants from the procedure just completed, press ENTER.
3. If you do not want to save calibration constants from the procedure just completed and wish instead to restore previous constants, press EXIT.
4. Press EXIT to return to normal display after calibration.
NOTE
Comprehensive calibration will be automatically locked out after the calibration procedure has been completed.
2.8.3 IEEE-488 bus comprehensive calibration
Follow the procedure outlined below to perform comprehensive calibration over the IEEE-488 bus. Use the program listed in paragraph 2.6.3 or other similar program to send commands to the instrument. Table 2-5 summarizes the calibration procedure and bus commands.
Procedure
Step 1: Prepare the Model 2001 for calibration
1. Connect the Model 2001 to the IEEE-488 bus of the computer using a shielded IEEE-488 cable such as the
Keithley Model 7007.
2. Turn on the power, and allow the Model 2001 to warm up for at least one hour before performing calibration.
3. Unlock calibration by briefly pressing in on the recessed front panel CAL switch, and verify that the following message is displayed:
CALIBRATION UNLOCKED
Comprehensive calibration can now be run
NOTE
You can query the instrument for the state of the comprehensive CAL switch by using the following query:
:CAL:PROT:SWIT?
A returned value of 1 indicates that calibration is locked, while a returned value of
0 shows that calibration is unlocked.
4. Make sure the primary address of the Model 2001 is the same as the address specified in the program you will be using to send commands (see paragraph 2.6.3).
2-9
Calibration
Table 2-5
IEEE-488 bus comprehensive calibration summary
7
8
5
6
3
4
1
2
9
10
11
12
Step Description
Warm-up, unlock calibration
DC zero calibration
+2VDC calibration
+20VDC calibration
20k
Ω
calibration
1M
Ω
calibration
Open-circuit calibration
Calculate constants
Check for errors
Perform user AC cal
Check for errors
Save calibration dates
13
14
Save calibration constants
Lock out calibration
IEEE-488 bus command
:CAL:PROT:DC:ZERO
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOW <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:HIGH <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:OPEN
:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC
:SYST:ERR?
:CAL:UNPR:ACC
:SYST:ERR?
:CAL:PROT:DATE “<cal_date>”
:CAL:PROT:NDUE “<due_date>”
:CAL:PROT:DC:SAVE
:CAL:PROT:LOCK
Step 2: DC zero calibration
1. Connect the Model 8610 low-thermal short to the instrument INPUT and SENSE terminals, as shown in Figure
2-1. Wait at least three minutes before proceeding to allow for thermal equilibrium.
NOTE
Be sure to properly connect HI, LO, and
SENSE terminals. Keep drafts away from low-thermal connections to avoid thermal drift, which could affect calibration accuracy.
2. Send the following command over the bus:
:CAL:PROT:DC:ZERO
3. Wait until the Model 2001 finishes this calibration step before proceeding. (You can use the *OPC or *OPC?
commands to determine when calibration steps end, as discussed in paragraph 3.6.)
Step 3: +2V DC calibration
1. Disconnect the low-thermal short, and connect the DC calibrator to the INPUT jacks, as shown in Figure 2-2.
NOTE
Although 4-wire connections are shown, the sense leads are connected and disconnected at various points in the procedure by turning calibrator external sense on or off as appropriate. If your calibrator does not have provisions for turning external sense on and off, disconnect the sense leads when external sensing is to be turned off, and connect the sense leads when external sensing is to be turned on.
2. Set the DC calibrator output to +2.00000V, and turn external sense off.
3. Send the following command to the Model 2001 over the IEEE-488 bus:
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOW 2.0
(Be sure to use the exact calibration value if you are using a voltage other than 2V. The allowable range from is
0.98V to 2.1V).
NOTE
For best results, use the calibration values given in this procedure whenever possible.
4. Wait until the Model 2001 finishes this step before going on.
2-10
Calibration
Step 4: +20V DC calibration
1. Set the DC calibrator output to +20.00000V.
2. Send the following command to the instrument:
:CAL:PROT:DC:HIGH 20
(Send the actual calibration value in the range of 9.8V to
21V if you are using a different voltage.)
3. Wait until the Model 2001 finishes this step before going on.
Step 5: 20k
Ω
calibration
1. Set the calibrator output to 19.0000k
Ω
, and turn external sense on.
NOTE
If your calibrator can source 20k
Ω
, use that value instead of the 19k
Ω
value.
2. Send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM <value>
Here, <value> is the actual calibrator resistance value.
For example, if the calibrator resistance is 18.9987k
Ω
, the command would appear as follows:
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM 18.9987E3
(The allowable range for this parameter is from 9E3 to
20E3.)
3. Wait until the Model 2001 finishes 20k
Ω
calibration before continuing.
Step 6: 1M
Ω
calibration
1. Set the calibrator output to 1.0000M
Ω
, and turn external sense off.
2. Send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM <value>
Here, <value> is the actual calibrator resistance value.
For example, if the calibrator resistance is 1.00023M
Ω
, the command would appear as follows:
:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM 1.00023E6
(The allowable range for this parameter is from 800E3 to 2E6.)
3. Wait until the Model 2001 finishes 1M
Ω
calibration before continuing.
Step 7. Open-circuit calibration
1. Disconnect all test leads from the Model 2001 INPUT and SENSE jacks.
2. Send the following command to the instrument:
:CAL:PROT:DC:OPEN
3. Wait until open-circuit calibration is complete before going on to the next step.
Step 8: Calculate DC calibration constants
To program the Model 2001 to calculate new DC calibration constants, send the following command over the bus:
:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC
Step 9: Check for DC calibration errors
You can check for DC calibration errors over the bus by sending the following query:
:SYST:ERR?
If no errors are reported, DC calibration is successful, and you can proceed to the next step.
Step 10: Perform AC user calibration
To perform user AC calibration, send the following command:
:CAL:UNPR:ACC
Note that AC calibration will take about six minutes to complete.
Step 11: Check for AC calibration errors
To check for AC calibration errors, send the following query:
SYST:ERR?
If the unit sends back a “No error” response, AC calibration was successful.
Step 12: Enter calibration dates
To set the calibration date and next due date, use following commands to do so:
:CAL:PROT:DATE ‘1/01/92’ (programs calibration date)
:CAL:PROT:NDUE ‘1/01/93’ (programs next calibration due date)
Step 13: Save calibration constants
Calibration is now complete, so you can store the calibration constants in EEROM by sending the following command:
:CAL:PROT:SAVE
2-11
Calibration
Step 14: Lock out calibration
To lock out further calibration, send the following command after completing the calibration procedure:
:CAL:PROT:LOCK
2.9
AC self-calibration
The AC self-calibration procedure requires no external equipment and can be performed at any time by the user. As the name implies, this calibration procedure assures the accuracy of ACI and ACV measurements.
In general, AC calibration should be performed one-hour after power-on or at least once every 24 hours for optimum AC measurement accuracy.
NOTE
The AC calibration constants generated by this procedure are not permanently stored.
Thus, AC calibration constants are in effect only until the power is turned off. In order to permanently store AC calibration constants, you must perform the comprehensive or low-level calibration procedure and then choose to save calibration constants at the end of that procedure. See paragraph 2.8 or 2.10 for details.
5. Press ENTER to begin AC calibration, which will take about six minutes to complete. During AC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
Calibrating AC: Please wait
6. Once the process has been successfully completed, the message below will be displayed, and you can press EN-
TER or EXIT to return to normal display:
AC CAL COMPLETE
Press ENTER or EXIT to continue.
2.9.2 IEEE-488 bus AC self-calibration
Procedure:
1. Disconnect all test leads and cables from the INPUT and
SENSE jacks.
2. Send the following command over the bus:
:CAL:UNPR:ACC
3. Wait until calibration has been completed before sending any further commands.
4. Check for calibration errors by using the :SYST:ERR?
query.
2.9.1 Front panel AC calibration
Procedure:
1. Disconnect all test leads or cables from the INPUT and
SENSE jacks.
2. Press MENU. The instrument will display the following:
MAIN MENU
SAVESETUP GPIB CALIBRATION
3. Select CALIBRATION, then press ENTER. The Model
2001 will display the following:
PERFORM CALIBRATION
COMPREHENSIVE AC-ONLY-CAL
4. Select AC-ONLY-CAL, then press ENTER. The instrument will display the following message:
AC CALIBRATION PHASE
Open-circuit inputs, press ENTER
2.10 Low-level calibration
Low-level calibration is normally performed only at the factory when the instrument is manufactured and is not usually required in the field. The following paragraphs give detailed procedures for performing low-level calibration should it ever become necessary in the field.
NOTE
Low-level calibration is required in the field only if the Model 2001 has been repaired, or if the other calibration procedures cannot bring the instrument within stated specifications. The low-level calibration procedure includes the comprehensive calibration steps discussed in paragraph 2.8. Comprehensive calibration steps must be performed before performing the low-level calibration steps.
2-12
Calibration
2.10.1 Recommended equipment for low-level calibration
Table 2-6 summarizes recommended equipment for low-level calibration. Alternate equipment may be used as long as corresponding specifications are at least as good as those listed in the table. See Appendix D for a list of alternate calibration sources.
2.10.2 Low-level calibration summary
Table 2-7 summarizes the steps necessary to complete the low-level calibration procedure. The procedure must be performed in the order shown in the table. Calibration commands shown are to be used when calibrating the unit over the IEEE-488 bus.
Table 2-6
Recommended equipment for low-level calibration
Mfg.
Fluke
Model
5700A
Description
Calibrator
Specifications*
±5ppm basic uncertainty.
DC voltage:
0V: ±0.75µV
-2V, +2V: ±5ppm
20V: ±5ppm
DC current:
200mA: ±65ppm
2A: ±90ppm
AC voltage:
0.5mV @ 1kHz: ±10000ppm
5mV @ 100kHz: ±2400ppm
200mV @ 1kHz: ±150ppm
1.5V @ 1kHz: ±80ppm
20V @ 1kHz: ±80ppm
20V @ 30kHz: ±140ppm
200V @ 1kHz: ±85ppm
200V @ 30kHz: ±240ppm
AC current:
20mA @ 1kHz: ±160ppm
3930A
8610
Synthesizer
Low-thermal shorting plug
Resistance:
19k
Ω
: ±11ppm
1M
Ω
: ±18ppm
2V rms @ 1Hz Keithley
Keithley
* 90-day calibrator specifications shown include total uncertainty at specified output. The ±2V outputs include 0.5ppm transfer uncertainty. See Appendix D for a list of alternate calibration sources.
2-13
Calibration
Table 2-7
Low-level calibration summary
Calibration signal
Low-thermal short
+2V DC
+20V DC
20k
Ω
1M
Ω
Disconnect leads
None
None
None
None
20V AC @ 1kHz
20V AC @ 30kHz
200V AC @ 1kHz
200V AC @ 30kHz
1.5V AC @ 1kHz
200mV AC @ 1kHz
5mV AC @ 100kHz
0.5mV AC @ 1kHz
+2V DC
-2V DC
0V DC
20mA AC @ 1kHz
+200mA DC
+2A DC
2V rms @ 1Hz
None
None
None
None
None
None
Calibration command
:CAL:PROT:DC:ZERO
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOW <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:HIGH <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM <value>
:CAL:PROT:DC:OPEN
:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC
:SYST:ERR?
:CAL:UNPR:ACC
:SYST:ERR?
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 1
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 2
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 3
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 4
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 5
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 6
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 7
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 8
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 9
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 10
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 11
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 12
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 13
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 14
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 15
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:CALC
:SYST:ERR?
:CAL:PROT:DATE “<date>”
:CAL:PROT:NDUE “<due>”
:CAL:PROT:SAVE
:CAL:PROT:LOCK
Comments
Comprehensive cal zero.
Comprehensive cal 2V.
Comprehensive cal 20V.
Comprehensive cal 20k
Ω
.
Comprehensive cal 1M
Ω
.
Comprehensive cal open.
Calculate constants.
Check for DC errors.
AC user calibration.
Check for AC errors.
Low-level Step 1.
Low-level Step 2.
Low-level Step 3.
Low-level Step 4.
Low-level Step 5.
Low-level Step 6.
Low-level Step 7.
Low-level Step 8.
Low-level Step 9.
Low-level Step 10.
Low-level Step 11.
Low-level Step 12.
Low-level Step 13.
Low-level Step 14.
Low-level Step 15.
Calculate constants.
Check for errors.
Program cal date
Program cal due date.
Save constants.
Lock out calibration.
2-14
Calibration
2.10.3 Front panel low-level calibration procedure
Follow the steps below to perform low-level calibration from the front panel.
Procedure
1. Turn off the power if the instrument is presently turned on.
2. While pressing in on the recessed CAL switch, turn on the power. The instrument will display the following to indicated it is ready for low-level calibration:
MANUFACTURING CAL
3. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following:
DC CALIBRATION PHASE
4. Allow the Model 2001 to warm up for at least one hour before performing calibration.
5. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following prompt.
SHORT-CIRCUIT INPUTS
6. Connect the Model 8610 low-thermal short to the instrument INPUT and SENSE terminals, as shown in Figure
2-1. Wait three minutes before proceeding to allow for thermal equilibrium.
NOTE
Be sure to properly connect HI, LO, and
SENSE terminals. Keep drafts away from low-thermal connections to avoid thermal drift, which could affect calibration accuracy.
7. Press ENTER. The instrument will then begin DC zero calibration. While calibration is in progress, the following will be displayed:
Performing Short-Ckt Calibration
8. When the DC zero calibration step is completed, the following message will be displayed:
CONNECT 2 VDC CAL
9. Disconnect the low-thermal short, and connect the DC calibrator to the INPUT jacks, as shown in Figure 2-2.
10. Set the DC calibrator output to +2.00000V, and make sure that external sense is turned off.
11. Press ENTER, and note that the Model 2001 displays the presently selected calibration voltage:
VOLTAGE = 2.0000000
(At this point, you can use the cursor and range keys to set the calibration voltage to a value from 0.98 to 2.1V
if your calibrator cannot output 2V).
12. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following during calibration:
Performing 2 VDC Calibration
13. After completing 2VDC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
CONNECT 20 VDC CAL
14. Set the DC calibrator output to +20.00000V.
15. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument displays the calibration voltage:
VOLTAGE = 20.000000
(At this point, you can use the cursor and range keys to set the calibration voltage to a value from 9.8 to 21V if your calibrator cannot output 20V).
16. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following message to indicate it is performing 20V DC calibration:
Performing 20 VDC Calibration
17. After completing 20VDC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
CONNECT 20kOHM RES
18. Set the calibrator output to 19.0000k
Ω
, and turn external sense on. (Allowable range is from 9k
Ω
to 20k
Ω
.)
19. Press ENTER, and note that the Model 2001 displays the resistance calibration value:
OHMS = 20000.000
20. Using the cursor and range keys, set the resistance value displayed by the Model 2001 to the exact resistance value displayed by the calibrator.
21. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument displays the following during 20k
Ω
calibration:
Performing 20 kOHM Calibration
22. After completing 20k
Ω
calibration, the instrument will display the following:
CONNECT 1.0 MOHM RES
23. Set the calibrator output to 1.00000M
Ω
, and turn external sense off. (Allowable range is 800k
Ω
to 2M
Ω
.)
24. Press ENTER, and note that the Model 2001 displays the resistance calibration value:
OHMS = 1000000.00
25. Using the cursor keys, set the resistance value displayed by the Model 2001 to the exact resistance value displayed by the calibrator.
2-15
Calibration
26. Press ENTER, and note that the instrument displays the following during 1M
Ω
calibration:
Performing 1.0 MOhm Calibration
27. At this point, the instrument will display the following message advising you to disconnect test leads:
OPEN CIRCUIT INPUTS
28. Disconnect all test leads from the INPUT and SENSE jacks, then press ENTER. During this calibration phase, the instrument will display the following:
Performing Open-Ckt Calibration
29. After open circuit calibration, the instrument will display the following message:
AC CALIBRATION PHASE
30. Make sure all test leads are still disconnected from the
Model 2001 INPUT and SENSE jacks.
31. Press ENTER to perform AC calibration, which will take a while to complete. During AC calibration, the instrument will display the following:
Calibrating AC: Please wait
32. After the AC calibration phase is completed, the instrument will display the following:
AC CAL COMPLETE
33. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following to indicate the start of the low-level calibration phase:
LOW-LEVEL CAL PHASE
NOTE
Use the exact calibration values shown when performing the following steps.
5700A Calibrator
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
FREQ TEMP
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
EXIT ENTER
Input HI
Output HI
Input
LO
Output
LO
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 2-3
Calibration voltage connections
34. Connect the calibrator to the INPUT terminals, as shown in Figure 2-3.
35. Press ENTER. The instrument will display the following:
Connect 20V @ 1kHz
36. Set the calibrator to output 20V AC at a frequency of
1kHz, then press ENTER. The instrument will display the following:
Low-Level Cal - Step 1 of 15
37. Next, the instrument will prompt for a new calibration signal:
Connect 20V @ 30kHz
38. Program the calibrator for an output voltage of 20V AC at 30kHz, then press ENTER. The instrument will display the following while calibrating this step:
Low-Level Cal - Step 2 of 15
39. The Model 2001 will then display:
Connect 200V @ 1kHz
40. Set the calibrator output to 200V AC at a frequency of
1kHz, then press ENTER. The Model 2001 will display the following message:
Low-Level Cal - Step 3 of 15
41. When finished with this step, the Model 2001 will display:
Connect 200V @ 30kHz
42. Set the calibrator output to 200V AC at 30kHz, then press ENTER. The Model 2001 will display the following:
Low-Level Cal - Step 4 of 15
2-16
Calibration
43. The unit will then prompt for the next calibration signal:
Connect 1.5V @ 1kHz
44. Set the calibrator for 1.5V AC at a frequency of 1kHz, then press ENTER. The Model 2001 will display the following:
Low-Level Cal - Step 5 of 15
45. After step 5, the unit will display the following:
Connect 200mV @ 1kHz
46. Program the calibrator to output 200mV at a frequency of 1kHz, then press ENTER. The Model 2001 will then display the following:
Low-Level Cal - Step 6 of 15
47. When finished with step 6, the unit will display the following:
Connect 5mV @ 100kHz
48. Set the calibrator to output 5mV at a frequency of
100kHz, then press ENTER. The Model 2001 will then display the following while calibrating:
Low-Level Cal - Step 7 of 15
49. Following step 7, the instrument will display the following message to prompt for the next calibration signal:
Connect 0.5mV @ 1kHz
50. Program the calibrator to output 0.5mV at 1kHz, then press ENTER. The unit will display the following inprogress message:
Low-Level Cal - Step 8 of 15
51. Next, the unit will prompt for the next calibration signal:
Connect +2 VDC
52. Set the calibrator to output +2V DC, then press the EN-
TER key. The Model 2001 will advise you that the present step is in progress:
Low-Level Cal - Step 9 of 15
53. After this step has been completed, the unit will display the following:
Connect -2 VDC
54. Set the calibrator for an output voltage of -2V DC, then press ENTER. The Model 2001 will display the following message:
Low-Level Cal - Step 10 of 15
55. The Model 2001 will then prompt for the next calibration signal:
Set calibrator to 0V
56. Program the calibrator to output 0 VDC, then press the
ENTER key. The Model 2001 will display the following:
Low-Level Cal - Step 11 of 15
57. After completing step 11, the unit will display the following:
Connect 20mA @ 1kHz
58. Connect the calibrator to the AMPS and INPUT LO jacks, as shown in Figure 2-4.
59. Set the calibrator output to 20mA AC at a frequency of
1kHz, then press the ENTER key. The Model 2001 will display the following while calibrating:
Low-Level Cal - Step 12 of 15
60. The unit will then prompt for the next calibration signal:
Connect +0.2ADC
5700A Calibrator
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
INPUTS
LO
F
FRONT/REAR
R
2A 250V
AMPS
CAL
500V
PEAK
Input
LO
Output HI
Amps
Output
LO
Ground link installed.
Note: Be sure calibrator is set for normal current output.
Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure 2-4
Current calibration connections
2-17
Calibration
61. Program the calibrator to output +200mA DC, then press then ENTER key. The Model 2001 will display the following while calibrating:
Low-Level Cal - Step 13 of 15
62. The Model 2001 will prompt for the next calibration signal:
Connect +2 ADC
63. Program the calibrator to output +2A DC, then press the
ENTER key. During calibration, the instrument will display the following:
Low-Level Cal - Step 14 of 15
64. The unit will then prompt for the last calibration signal:
Connect 2 V at 1 Hz
65. Put the calibrator in standby, then disconnect it from the
Model 2001 INPUT and AMPS jacks; connect the synthesizer to INPUT HI and LO, as shown in Figure 2-5.
66. Set synthesizer operation modes as follows:
FCTN: sine
FREQ: 1Hz
AMPTD: 2Vrms
MODE: CONT
67. Press the Model 2001 ENTER key. The instrument will display the following while calibrating:
Low-Level Cal - Step 15 of 15
68. After step 15 is completed, the instrument will display the following message to indicate that calibration has been completed:
CALIBRATION COMPLETE
69. Press ENTER. The instrument will prompt you to enter the calibration date:
CAL DATE: 01/01/92
70. Use the cursor and range keys to set the date as desired, then press ENTER. Press ENTER a second time to confirm your date selection.
71. The Model 2001 will then prompt you to enter the calibration due date:
NEXT CAL: 01/01/92
72. Use the cursor keys to set the date as desired, then press
ENTER. Press ENTER again to confirm your date.
73. The Model 2001 will then display the following message:
CALIBRATION SUCCESS
74. If you wish to save the new calibration constants, press
ENTER. If, on the other hand, you wish to restore previous calibration constants, press EXIT.
75. Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
NOTE
Calibration will be locked out automatically when the calibration procedure is completed.
2.10.4 IEEE-488 bus low-level calibration procedure
Follow the steps below to perform low-level calibration over the IEEE-488 bus. Table 2-7 summarizes calibration commands for the procedure.
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
Ω
SENSE
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
INPUTS
LO
F
FRONT/REAR
CAL
R
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
BNC-to-Dual
Banana Plug
Adapter
Model 3930A Synthesizer
3930A MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER
50
Ω
BNC Coaxial Cable
Figure 2-5
Synthesizer connections
Function
Output
2-18
Calibration
Procedure
1. Connect the Model 2001 to the IEEE-488 bus of the computer using a shielded IEEE-488 cable such as the
Keithley Model 7007.
2. Make sure the primary address of the Model 2001 is the same as the address specified in the program you will be using to send commands (see paragraph 2.6.3).
3. Turn off the power if the instrument is presently turned on.
4. Press and hold the recessed CAL switch while turning on the power. The instrument will display the following message to indicate it is ready for the low-level calibration procedure:
MANUFACTURING CAL
5. Allow the Model 2001 to warm up for at least one hour before performing calibration.
6. Connect the Model 8610 low-thermal short to the instrument INPUT and SENSE terminals, as shown in Figure
2-1. Wait three minutes before proceeding to allow for thermal equilibrium.
NOTE
Be sure to properly connect HI, LO, and
SENSE terminals. Keep drafts away from low-thermal connections to avoid thermal drift, which could affect calibration accuracy.
7. Send the following command over the bus:
:CAL:PROT:DC:ZERO
Wait until the Model 2001 finishes this calibration step before proceeding. (You can use the *OPC or *OPC?
commands to determine when calibration steps end, as discussed in paragraph 3.6.)
8. Disconnect the low-thermal short, and connect the DC calibrator to the INPUT jacks, as shown in Figure 2-2.
9. Set the DC calibrator output to +2.00000V, and turn external sense off. Send the following command to the
Model 2001 over the IEEE-488 bus:
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOW 2.0
(Be sure to use the exact calibration value if you are using a voltage other than 2V. The allowable range is
0.98V to 2.1V).
NOTE
For best results, use the calibration values given in this part of the procedure whenever possible.
Wait until the Model 2001 finishes this step before going on.
10. Set the DC calibrator output to +20.00000V. Send the following command to the instrument:
:CAL:PROT:DC:HIGH 20
(Send the actual calibration value in the range of 9.8V to
21V if you are using a different voltage.) Wait until the
Model 2001 finishes this step before going on.
11. Set the calibrator output to 19.0000k
Ω
, and turn external sense on. Send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM <value>
Here, <value> is the actual calibrator resistance value.
For example, if the calibrator resistance is 18.9987k
Ω
, the command would appear as follows:
:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM 18.9987E3
Wait until the Model 2001 finishes the 20k
Ω
calibration step before continuing.
NOTE
If your calibrator can source 20k
Ω
, use that value instead of the 19k
Ω
value used here.
12. Set the calibrator output to 1.0000M
Ω
, and turn external sense off. Send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM <value>
Here, <value> is the actual calibrator resistance value.
For example, if the calibrator resistance is 1.00023M
Ω
, the command would appear as follows:
:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM 1.00023E6
Wait until the Model 2001 finishes 1M
Ω
calibration before continuing.
13. Disconnect all test leads from the INPUT and SENSE jacks. Send the following command to the instrument:
:CAL:PROT:DC:OPEN
Wait until the open-circuit calibration is complete before going on to the next step.
14. To program the Model 2001 to calculate new calibration constants, send the following command over the bus:
:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC
15. Check for DC calibration errors by sending the following query:
:SYST:ERR?
2-19
Calibration
16. Perform user AC calibration by sending the following command:
:CAL:UNPR:ACC
Note that the AC calibration phase will take about six minutes to complete.
17. Check for AC calibration errors by sending the following command:
:SYST:ERR?
NOTE
The following steps perform the low-level part of the calibration procedure. Use only the indicated calibration values for these steps. Be sure the instrument completes each step before sending the next calibration command.
18. Connect the Model 2001 to the calibrator using 2-wire connections, as shown in Figure 2-3.
19. Program the calibrator to output 20V AC at a frequency of 1kHz, then send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 1
20. Program the calibrator to output 20V AC at a frequency of 30kHz, and send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 2
21. Set the calibrator output to 200V AC at 1kHz, then send the following command:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 3
22. Set the calibrator output to 200V AC at a frequency of
30kHz, then send the following command:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 4
23. Program the calibrator to output 1.5V AC at a frequency of 1kHz. Send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 5
24. Program the calibrator to output 200mV AC at a frequency of 1kHz, and send the following command to the
Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 6
25. Set the calibrator output to 5mV AC at a frequency of
100kHz. Send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 7
26. Program the calibrator to output 0.5mV AC at a frequency of 1kHz. Send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 8
27. Set the calibrator output to +2V DC. Send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 9
28. Program the calibrator to output -2V DC, and send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 10
29. Set the calibrator output to 0V DC, and then send the following command:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 11
30. Connect the calibrator to the AMPS and INPUT LO terminals, as shown in Figure 2-4.
31. Program the calibrator to output 20mA AC at a frequency of 1kHz. Send the following command to the Model
2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 12
32. Set the calibrator output to +200mA DC. Send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 13
33. Program the calibrator to output +2A DC, then send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 14
34. Connect the multifunction synthesizer to the Model
2001, as shown in Figure 2-5.
35. Set the synthesizer operating modes as follows:
FCTN: sine
FREQ: 1Hz
AMPTD: 2Vrms
MODE: CONT
36. Send the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 15
37. Calculate new calibration constants by sending the following command to the Model 2001:
:CAL:PROT:LLEV:CALC
38. To check for calibration errors, send the following query:
:SYST:ERR?
If no errors are reported, calibration was successfully completed.
2-20
Calibration
39. Update the calibration date and calibration due date by sending the following commands:
:CAL:PROT:DATE ‘1/01/92’
:CAL:PROT:NDUE ‘1/01/93’
40. Save calibration constants in EEPROM by sending the following command:
:CAL:PROT:SAVE
41. Finally, lock out calibration by sending the following command:
:CAL:PROT:LOCK
2-21
Calibration
2-22
3
Calibration Command Reference
3.1
Introduction
This section contains detailed information on the various
Model 2001 IEEE-488 bus calibration commands. Section 2 of this manual covers detailed calibration procedures, and
Appendix B lists several calibration programs. For information on additional commands to control other instrument functions, refer to the Model 2001 Operator’s Manual.
Information in this section includes:
3.2 Command summary:
Summarizes all commands necessary to perform comprehensive, AC, and low-level calibration.
3.3 CALibration:PROTected subsystem:
Gives detailed explanations of the various commands used for both comprehensive and low-level calibration.
3.4 CALibration:UNPRotected subsystem:
Discusses the
:ACC command, which is used to perform AC user calibration over the bus.
3.5 Bus error reporting:
Summarizes bus calibration errors, and discusses how to obtain error information.
3.6 Detecting calibration step completion:
Covers how to determine when each calibration step is completed by using the *OPC and *OPC? commands.
3.2
Command summary
Table 3-1 summarizes Model 2001 calibration commands along with the paragraph number where a detail description of each command is located.
3-1
Calibration Command Reference
Table 3-1
IEEE-488 bus calibration command summary
Command Description Paragraph
:CALibration
:PROTected
:LOCK
:SWITch?
:SAVE
:DATA?
:DATE “<string>”
:DATE?
:NDUE “<string>”
:NDUE?
:LLEVel
:SWITch?
:STEP <Step #>
1
2
3
:STEP?
:CALCulate
:DC
:ZERO
12
13
14
15
8
9
10
11
6
7
4
5
:LOW <value>
:HIGH <value>
:LOHM <value>
:HOHM <value>
:OPEN
:CALCulate
:UNPRotected
:ACCompensation
Calibration root command.
All commands in this subsystem are protected by the CAL switch.
Lock out calibration (opposite of enabling cal with CAL switch).
Request comprehensive CAL switch state. (0 = locked; 1 = unlocked)
Save cal constants to EEPROM.
Download cal constants from 2001.
Send cal date to 2001.
Request cal date from 2001.
Send next due cal date to 2001.
Request next due cal date from 2001.
Low-level calibration subsystem.
Request low-level CAL switch state. (0 = locked; 1 = unlocked)
20V AC at 1kHz step.
20V AC at 30kHz step.
200V AC at 1kHz step.
200V AC at 30kHz step.
1.5V AC at 1kHz step.
0.2V AC at 1kHz step.
5mV AC at 100kHz step.
0.5mV AC at 1kHz step.
+2V DC step.
-2V DC step.
0V DC step.
20mA AC at 1kHz step.
+0.2A DC step.
+2A DC step.
2V AC at 1Hz step.
Request cal step number.
Calculate low-level cal constants.
User calibration subsystem.
Low-thermal short calibration step.
+2V DC calibration step.
+20V DC calibration step.
20k
Ω
calibration step.
1M
Ω
calibration step.
Open circuit calibration step.
Calculate DC cal constants.
All commands in this subsystem are not protected by CAL switch.
Perform user AC calibration (disconnect all cables)
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.3.6
3.3.7
3.3.8
3.3.9
3.3.10
3.4
3.4.1
NOTE: Upper case letters indicate short form of each command. For example, instead of sending “:CALIBRATION:PROTECTED:LOCK”, you can send
“:CAL:PROT:LOCK”.
3-2
Calibration Command Reference
3.3
:CALibration:PROTected subsystem
The protected calibration subsystem commands perform all Model 2001 calibration except for AC-only calibration. All commands in this subsystem are protected by the calibration lock (CAL switch). The following paragraphs discuss these commands in detail.
3.3.1
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming note
Programming example
:
LOCK
(:CALibration:PROTected):LOCK
To lock out comprehensive and low-level calibration commands once calibration has been completed.
:cal:prot:lock
None
The :LOCK command allows you to lock out both comprehensive and low-level calibration after completing those procedures. Thus, :LOCK does just the opposite of pressing in on the front panel CAL switch to unlock calibration.
To unlock comprehensive calibration, press in on the CAL switch with power turned on. To unlock low-level calibration, hold in the CAL switch while turning on the power.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:LOCK” ! Lock out calibration.
3.3.2
Purpose
Format
Response
Description
Programming note
Programming example
:SWITch?
(:CALibration:PROTected):SWITch?
To read comprehensive calibration lock status.
:cal:prot:swit?
0 Comprehensive calibration locked.
1 Comprehensive calibration unlocked.
The :SWITch? query requests status from the Model 2001 on calibration locked/unlocked state. Calibration must be unlocked by pressing in on the CAL switch while power is turned on before calibration can be performed.
The :CAL:PROT:SWIT? query does not check the status of the low-level calibration lock, which can be checked by using the :CAL:PROT:LLEV:SWIT? query. (See paragraph
3.3.9.)
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:SWIT?”
20 ENTER 716; S
30 PRINT S
! Query for switch status.
! Input response.
! Display response.
3-3
Calibration Command Reference
3.3.3
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming note
Programming example
:
SAVE
(:CALibration:PROTected):SAVE
To save calibration constants in EEPROM after the calibration procedure.
:cal:prot:save
None
The :SAVE command stores internally calculated calibration constants derived during calibration in EEPROM. EEPROM is non-volatile memory, and calibration constants will be retained indefinitely once saved. Generally, :SAVE is the last command sent during calibration.
Calibration will be only temporary unless the :SAVE command is sent to permanently store calibration constants.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:SAVE” ! Save constants.
3.3.4
Purpose
Format
Response
Description
Programming note
Programming example
:DATA?
(:CALibration:PROTected):DATA?
To download calibration constants from the Model 2001
:cal:prot:data?
<Cal 1>,<Cal 2>,...<Cal n>
:DATA? allows you to request the present calibration constants stored in EEPROM from the instrument. This command can be used to compare present constants with those from a previous calibration procedure to verify that calibration was performed properly. The returned values are 99 numbers using ASCII representation delimited by commas (,). See Appendix C for a listing of constants.
The :CAL:PROT:DATA? response is not affected by the FORMAT subsystem.
10 DIM A$[2000]
20 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DATA?”
30 ENTER 716; A$
40 PRINT A$
! Dimension string.
! Request constants.
! Input constants.
! Display constants.
3-4
3.3.5
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming note
Programming example
3.3.6
Purpose
Format
Response
Description
Programming example
3.3.7
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming note
Programming example
Calibration Command Reference
:
DATE
(:CALibration:PROTected):DATE
To send the calibration date to the instrument.
:cal:prot:date “<string>”?
<string> = date (mm/dd/yy)
The :DATE command allows you to store the calibration date in instrument memory for future reference. You can read back the date from the instrument over the bus by using the
:DATE? query, or by using the CALIBRATION selection in the front panel menu.
The date <string> must be enclosed either in double or single quotes (“<string>” or
‘<string>’).
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DATE ‘01/01/92’”! Send date.
:DATE?
(:CALibration:PROTected):DATE?
To request the calibration date from the instrument.
:cal:prot:date?
<date> (mm/dd/yy)
The :DATE? query allows you to request from the instrument the previously stored calibration date. The instrument response is simply a string of ASCII characters representing the last stored date.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DATE?”
20 ENTER 716; A$
30 PRINT A$
! Query for date.
! Input date.
! Display date.
:NDUE
(:CALibration:PROTected):NDUE
To send the next calibration due date to the instrument.
:cal:prot:ndue “<string>”
<string> = next due date (mm/dd/yy)
The :NDUE command allows you to store the date when calibration is next due in instrument memory. You can read back the next due date from the instrument over the bus by using the :NDUE? query, or by using the CALIBRATION-DATES selection in the front panel menu.
The next due date <string> must be enclosed either in single or double quotes (“<string>” or ‘<string>’).
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:NDUE ‘01/01/93’” ! Send due date.
3-5
Calibration Command Reference
3.3.8
Purpose
Format
Response
Description
Programming example
3.3.9
:NDUE?
(:CALibration:PROTected):NDUE?
To request the calibration due date from the instrument.
:cal:prot:ndue?
<date> (mm/dd/yy)
The :NDUE? query allows you to request from the instrument the previously stored calibration due date. The instrument response is a string of ASCII characters representing the last stored due date.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DATE?”
20 ENTER 716; A$
30 PRINT A$
! Query for due date.
! Input due date.
! Display due date.
:LLEVel
(CALibration:PROTected):LLEVel
Low-level calibration commands are summarized in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2
Low-level calibration commands
Command
:CALibration
:PROTected
:LLEVel
:SWITch?
Description
Low-level calibration subsystem.
Request low-level CAL switch state.
(0 = locked; 1 = unlocked)
:STEP <Step #>
:CALCulate
13
14
15
9
10
11
12
7
8
5
6
3
4
1
2
20V AC at 1kHz step.
20V AC at 30kHz step.
200V AC at 1kHz step.
200V AC at 30kHz step.
1.5V AC at 1kHz step.
0.2V AC at 1kHz step.
5mV AC at 100kHz step
0.5mV AC at 1kHz step.
+2V DC step.
-2V DC step.
0V DC step.
20mA AC at 1kHz step.
+0.2A DC step.
+2A DC step.
2V AC at 1Hz step.
Calculate low-level cal constants.
3-6
Purpose
Format
Response
Description
Programming note
Programming example
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
Calibration Command Reference
:SWITch?
(CALibration:PROTected:LLEVel):SWITch?
To request the state of the low-level calibration lock.
:cal:prot:llev:swit?
0 Low-level calibration locked.
1 Low-level calibration unlocked.
:SWITch? query requests the status of the low-level calibration lock from the instrument.
This :SWITch? query should not be confused with the :SWITch query that requests the status of the comprehensive calibration lock (see paragraph 3.3.1).
To unlock low-level calibration, hold in the CAL switch while turning on instrument power.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:LLEV:SWIT?” ! Request switch status.
20 ENTER 716; S ! Input switch status.
30 PRINT S ! Display switch status.
:STEP
(CALibration:PROTected:LLEVel):STEP
To program individual low-level calibration steps.
:cal:prot:llev:step <n>
1 20V AC @ 1kHz
2 20V AC @ 30kHz
3 200V AC @ 1kHz
4 200V AC @ 30kHz
5 1.5V AC @ 1kHz
6 200mV AC @ 1kHz
7 5mV AC @ 100kHz
8 0.5mV AC @ 1kHz
9 +2V DC
10 -2V DC
11 0V DC
12 20mA @ 1kHz
13 +200mA DC
14 +2A DC
15 2V AC @ 1Hz
The :STEP command programs the 15 individual low-level calibration steps; <n> represents the calibration step number. The appropriate signal must be connected to the instrument when programming each step, as summarized in the parameters listed above (see
Section 2 for details).
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP 1” ! Low-level Step 1.
3-7
Calibration Command Reference
Purpose
Format
Response
Description
Programming example
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
:STEP?
(CALibration:PROTected:LLEVel):STEP?
To request current low-level calibration step.
:cal:prot:llev:step?
1 20V AC @ 1kHz
2 20V AC @ 30kHz
3 200V AC @ 1kHz
4 200V AC @ 30kHz
5 1.5V AC @ 1kHz
6 200mV AC @ 1kHz
7 5mV AC @ 100kHz
8 0.5mV AC @ 1kHz
9 +2V DC
10 -2V DC
11 0V DC
12 20mA @ 1kHz
13 +200mA DC
14 +2A DC
15 2V AC @ 1Hz
The :STEP? query requests the present low-level calibration step.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:LLEV:STEP ?” ! Request step.
20 ENTER 716;S ! Input step.
30 PRINT S ! Display step.
:CALCulate
(:CALibration:PROTected:LLEVel):CALCulate
To program the Model 2001 to calculate new low-level calibration constants.
:cal:prot:llev:calc
None
The :CALCulate command causes the Model 2001 to calculate new low-level calibration constants based on parameters determined during the calibration procedure. This command should be sent after completing all low-level calibration steps, but before saving calibration constants in EEPROM with the :SAVE command.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:LLEV:CALC” ! Calculate constants.
3-8
3.3.10
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
Calibration Command Reference
:DC
(CALibration:PROTected):DC
The :DC commands perform comprehensive (user) calibration. Table 3-3 summarizes these comprehensive calibration commands.
Table 3-3
Comprehensive calibration commands
Description Command
:CALibration
:PROTected
:DC
:ZERO
:LOW <value>
:HIGH <value>
:LOHM <value>
:HOHM <value>
:OPEN
Calculate
User calibration subsystem.
Low-thermal short calibration step.
+2V DC calibration step.
+20V DC calibration step.
20k
Ω
calibration step.
1M
Ω
calibration step.
Open circuit calibration step.
DC cal constants.
:ZERO
(:CALibration:PROTected:DC):ZERO
To perform short-circuit comprehensive calibration.
:cal:prot:dc:zero
None
:ZERO performs the short-circuit calibration step in the comprehensive calibration procedure. A low-thermal short (Model 8610) must be connected to the input jacks before sending this command.
10 OUTPUT 716; “CAL:PROT:DC:ZERO” ! Do short-circuit cal.
:LOW
(:CALibration:PROTected:DC):LOW
To program the +2V DC comprehensive calibration step.
:cal:prot:dc:low <cal_voltage>
<Cal_voltage> = 1.0 to 2.0 [V]
:LOW programs the +2V DC comprehensive calibration step. The allowable range of the calibration voltage parameter is from 1.0 to 2.0V, but 2V is recommended for best results.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DC:LOW 2” ! Program 2V step.
3-9
Calibration Command Reference
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
:HIGH
(:CALibration:PROTected:DC):HIGH
To program the +20V DC comprehensive calibration step.
:cal:prot:dc:high <cal_voltage>
<Cal_voltage> = 10 to 20 [V]
:HIGH programs the +20V DC comprehensive calibration step. The allowable range of the calibration voltage parameter is from 10 to 20V, but 20V is recommended for best results.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DC:HIGH 20” ! Program 20V step.
:LOHM
(CALibration:PROTected:DC):LOHM
To program the 20k
Ω
comprehensive calibration step.
:cal:prot:dc:lohm <cal_resistance>
<Cal_resistance> = 9E3 to 20E3 [
Ω
]
:LOHM programs the 20k
Ω
comprehensive calibration step. The allowable range of the calibration resistance parameter is from 9k
Ω
to 20k
Ω
(9E3 to 20E3). Use the 20k
Ω
value whenever possible, or the closest possible value (for example, 19k
Ω
, which is the closest value available on many calibrators).
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DC:LOHM 19E3” ! Program 19k
Ω
.
:HOHM
(CALibration:PROTected:DC):HOHM
To program the 1M
Ω
comprehensive calibration step.
:cal:prot:dc:hohm <cal_resistance>
<Cal_resistance> = 800E3 to 2E6 [
Ω
]
:LOHM programs the 1M
Ω
comprehensive calibration step. The resistance parameter can be programmed for any value from 800k
Ω
(800E3) to 2M
Ω
(2E6). Use the 1M
Ω
value whenever possible, or the closest possible value on your calibrator for best results.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DC:HOHM 1E6” ! Program 1M
Ω
step.
3-10
Purpose
Format
Parameters
Description
Programming example
Calibration Command Reference
:CALCulate
(:CALibration:PROTected:DC):CALCulate
To program the Model 2001 to calculate new comprehensive calibration DC constants.
:cal:prot:dc:calc
None
The :CALCulate command should be sent to the instrument after performing all other DC calibration steps to calculate new comprehensive calibration constants. All other comprehensive calibration steps must be completed before sending this command.
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:PROT:DC:CALC” ! Calculate new constants.
3-11
Calibration Command Reference
3.4
:CALibration:UNPRotected Subsystem
3.3.11
:ACCompensation
(:CALibration:UNPRotected):ACCompensation
Purpose
To perform user AC calibration.
Format
Parameters
Description
:cal:unpr:acc
None
The :ACC command performs user AC calibration, which requires no calibration equipment. All test leads must be disconnected from the input jacks when performing user AC calibration.
Programming note
Calibration constants generated by using the :ACC command are not stored in EEPROM.
Thus, AC calibration constants are in effect only until the instrument is turned off. In order to save AC calibration constants, perform the comprehensive calibration procedure, and use the :SAVE command.
Programming example
10 OUTPUT 716; “:CAL:UNPR:ACC: ! Perform AC user cal.
3-12
Calibration Command Reference
3.5
Bus error reporting
3.5.1 Calibration error summary
Table 3-4 summarizes errors that may occur during bus calibration.
NOTE
See Appendix C for a complete listing of calibration error messages.
Generating an SRQ on Error
To program the instrument to generate an SRQ when an error occurs, send the following command: *SRE 4. This command will enable SRQ when the EAV bit is set. You can then read the status byte and error queue as outlined above to check for errors and to determine the exact nature of the error.
3.5.2 Detecting calibration errors
Several methods to detect calibration errors are discussed in the following paragraphs.
Error Queue
As with other Model 2001 errors, any calibration errors will be reported in the bus error queue. You can read this queue by using the :SYST:ERR? query. The Model 2001 will respond with the appropriate error message, as summarized in
Table 3-4.
Status Byte EAV (Error Available) Bit
Whenever an error is available in the error queue, the EAV
(Error Available) bit (bit 2) of the status byte will be set. Use the *STB? query or serial polling to obtain the status byte, then test bit 2 to see if it is set. If the EAV bit is set, an error has occurred, and you can use the :SYST:ERR? query to read the error and at the same time clear the EAV bit in the status byte.
3.6
Detecting calibration step completion
When sending calibration commands over the IEEE-488 bus, you must wait until the instrument completes the current operation before sending a command. You can use either
*OPC? or *OPC to help determine when each calibration step is completed. (The example program in paragraph 2.6.2
uses the *OPC command to detect when each calibration step is completed.)
3.6.1 Using the *OPC? query
With the *OPC? (operation complete) query, the instrument will place an ASCII 1 in the output queue when it has completed each step. In order to determine when the OPC response is ready, do the following:
1. Repeatedly test the MAV (Message Available) bit (bit 4) in the status byte and wait until it is set. (You can request the status byte by using the *STB? query or serial polling.)
2. When MAV is set, a message is available in the output queue, and you can read the output queue and test for an
ASCII 1.
Table 3-4
Calibration error summary
Error Description
0, “No Error”
-102, “Syntax error”
-113, “Command header error”
-200, “Execution error”
-221, “Settings conflict”
-222, “Parameter data out of range”
+438, “Date of calibration not set”
+439, “Next date of calibration not set”
+440, “Calibration process not completed”
No error present in error queue.
Calibration command syntax error.
Invalid calibration command header.
Cal commands sent out of sequence.
Cal command sent with calibration locked.
Calibration parameter invalid.
No calibration date sent.
No next calibration date sent.
Incomplete calibration procedure.
NOTE: This table lists only those errors that could occur because of some external problem such as improper connections or wrong procedure. See Appendix C for a complete listing of all error messages.
3-13
Calibration Command Reference
3. After reading the output queue, repeatedly test MAV again until it clears. At this point, the calibration step is completed.
3.6.2 Using the *OPC command
The *OPC (operation complete) command can also be used to detect the completion of each calibration step. In order to use OPC to detect the end of each calibration step, you must do the following:
1. Enable operation complete by sending *ESE 1. The command sets the OPC (operation complete bit) in the standard event enable register, allowing operation complete status from the standard event status register to set the ESB (event summary bit) in the status byte when operation complete is detected.
2. Send the *OPC command immediately following each calibration command. For example:
:CAL:PROT:DC:ZERO;*OPC
Note that you must include the semicolon (;) to separate the two commands.
3. After sending a calibration command, repeatedly test the ESB (Event Summary) bit (bit 5) in the status byte until it is set. (Use either the *STB? query or serial polling to request the status byte.)
4. Once operation complete has been detected, clear OPC status using one of two methods: (1) Use the *ESR?
query then read the response to clear the standard event status register, or (2) Send the *CLS command to clear the status registers. Note that sending *CLS will also clear the error queue and operation complete status.
3-14
A
Model 2001 Specifications
A-1
Model 2001 Specifications
The following pages contain the complete specifications for the
2001. Every effort has been made to make these specifications complete by characterizing its performance under the variety of conditions often encountered in production, engineering and research.
The 2001 provides 5-minute, 1-hour, 24-hour, 90-day, 1-year, and 2-year specifications, with full specifications for the 90-day,
1-year and 2-year specifications. This allows the user to utilize
90-day, 1-year, or 2-year recommended calibration intervals, depending upon the level of accuracy desired. As a general rule, the 2001’s 2-year performance exceeds a 5 1 ⁄
2
-digit DMM’s 90day, 180-day or 1-year specifications. 6
1
⁄
2
- or 7
1
⁄
2
-digit performance is assured using 90-day or 1-year specifications.
ABSOLUTE ACCURACY
To minimize confusion, all 90-day, 1-year and 2-year 2001
specifications are absolute accuracy, traceable to NIST based on factory calibration. Higher accuracies are possible, based on your calibration sources. For example, calibrating with a 10V primary standard rather than a 20V calibrator will reduce calibration uncertainty, and can thereby improve total 2001 accuracy for measurements up to 50% of range. Refer to the 2001 calibration procedure for details.
TYPICAL ACCURACIES
Accuracy can be specified as typical or warranted. All specifications shown are warranted unless specifically noted.
Almost 99% of the 2001’s specifications are warranted specifications. In some cases it is not possible to obtain sources to maintain traceability on the performance of every unit in production on some measurements (e.g., high-voltage, highfrequency signal sources with sufficient accuracy do not exist).
Since these values cannot be verified in production, the values are listed as typical.
2001 SPECIFIED CALIBRATION INTERVALS
MEASUREMENT
FUNCTION
24
HOUR 1
90
DAY 2
1
YEAR 2
• DC Volts
DC Volts Peak Spikes
AC Volts rms
AC Volts Peak
AC Volts Average
AC Volts Crest Factor
Ohms
DC Current
DC In-Circuit Current
AC Current
Frequency
Temperature (Thermocouple)
Temperature (RTD)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• 3
• 3
• 3
• 3
• 3
•
•
•
• 3
•
•
•
2
YEAR 2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1 For T
CAL
±
1
°
C.
2 For T
CAL
±
5
°
C.
3 For
±
2
°
C of last AC self cal.
DC VOLTS
DCV INPUT CHARACTERISTICS AND ACCURACY
RANGE
FULL
SCALE
RESO-
DEFAULT
RESO-
LUTION LUTION
INPUT
RESISTANCE
ACCURACY 1
±
(ppm of reading + ppm of range)
5 Minutes 12 24 Hours 2 90 Days 3 1 Year 3 2 Years 3
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V
1000 V
4
±
210.00000
±
2.1000000
±
21.000000
±
210.00000
±
1100.0000
10 nV
100 nV
1
µ
V
10
µ
V
100
µ
V
100 nV
1
µ
V
10
µ
V
100
µ
V
1 mV
>10 G
Ω
>10 G
Ω
>10 G
Ω
10 M
Ω ±
1%
10 M
Ω ±
1%
3 + 3
2 + 1.5
2 + 1.5
2 + 1.5
10 + 1.5
10 + 6
7 + 2
7 + 4
13 + 3
17 + 6
25 + 6
18 + 2
18 + 4
27 + 3
31 + 6
37 + 6
25 + 2
24 + 4
38 + 3
41 + 6
DC VOLTAGE UNCERTAINTY =
±
[ (ppm of reading)
×
(measured value) + (ppm of range)
×
(range used)] / 1,000,000.
% ACCURACY = (ppm accuracy) /10,000.
50 + 6
32 + 2
32 + 4
52 + 3
55 + 6
1PPM OF RANGE = 2 counts for ranges up to 200V, 1 count on 1000V range at 6 1 ⁄
2
digits.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
±
(ppm of reading + ppm of range)/
°
C
Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C
3.3 +1.5
2.6 +0.15
2.6 +0.7
4.3 +1
4.1 +1
SPEED AND ACCURACY 5
90 Days
RANGE
ACCURACY
±
(ppm of reading+ppm of range+ppm of range rms noise
10
)
1PLC
DFILT On,
10 Readings
1PLC
DFILT Off
0.1PLC
DFILT Off
0.01PLC
11
DFILT Off
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V
1000 V
4 25+6+0
18+2+0
18+4+0
27+3+0
31+6+0
25+6+0.6
18+2+0.2
18+4+0.3
27+5+0.3
31+6+0.1
PLC = power line cycle; DFILT = digital filter
25+30+10
18+25+1
18+20+0.5
27+20+0.8
31+21+0.5
100+200+15
130+200+3
130+200+3
130+200+3
90+200+2
NOISE REJECTION (dB)
SPEED
(Number of
AC and DC CMRR
6
Power Line Line Sync Internal
Cycles) On
7
Trigger
8
AC NMRR
Line Sync On
7
Line Sync Internal
25-Reading
DFILT On
On
7
DFILT Off
Trigger
8
DFILT Off
NPLC = 10
NPLC
≥
1
NPLC < 1
140
140
60
120
120
50
90
90
30
80
80
20
60
60
0
Effective noise is reduced by a factor of 10 for every 20dB of noise rejection (140dB reduces effective noise by 10,000,000:1).
CMRR is rejection of undesirable AC or DC signal between LO and earth. NMRR is rejection of undesirable AC signal between HI and LO.
DCV READING RATES 9,10
200mV, 2V, 200V Ranges
NPLC
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
10
2
1
0.2
0.1
0.02
0.01
0.01
11
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
3.34 ms (4 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
334
µ s (400
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
20V, 1000V Ranges
10
2
1
0.2
0.1
0.02
0.01
0.01
11
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
3.34 ms (4 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
334
µ s (400
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
21
19
16
16
28
26
25
22
DEFAULT READINGS/SECOND TO MEMORY READINGS/SECOND TO IEEE-488
BITS DIGITS Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
21
19
16
16
28
26
25
22
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
30
58
(5.1)
(25)
(48)
214 (186)
272 (272)
284 (287)
417 (417)
2000 (2000)
2 (1.7)
9 (7.6)
44 (34)
127 (112)
150 (148)
156 (155)
157 (157)
6
28
54
(23)
(45)
183 (162)
228 (225)
230 (230)
317 (317)
2000 (2000)
2
9
41
(1.6)
(7.3)
(32)
104 (101)
129 (123)
136 (134)
137 (134)
READINGS/SECOND WITH
TIME STAMP TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
6 (4.1)
27 (22)
49 (41)
140 (126)
156 (153)
158 (156)
198 (198)
2
8
37
88
100
(1.6)
(7.2)
(30)
(85)
(96)
104 (103)
105 (103)
7 1 ⁄
2
7 1 ⁄
2
6 1 ⁄
2
6 1 ⁄
2
5 1 ⁄
2
5 1 ⁄
2
4 1 ⁄
2
4 1 ⁄
2
6 (5.1)
30 (25)
57 (48)
201 (186)
201 (201)
227 (227)
422 (422)
2000 (2000)
SETTLING CHARACTERISTICS: <500
µ s to 10ppm of step size. Reading settling times are affected by source impedance and cable dielectric absorption characteristics. Add 10ppm of range for first reading after range change.
ZERO STABILITY: Typical variation in zero reading, 1 hour, T
REF
±
1
°
C, 6 1 ⁄
2 default resolution, 10-reading digital filter:
-digit
Range
2V – 1000V
200 mV
ZERO STABILITY
1 Power Line Cycle Integration 10 Power Line Cycle Integration
±
3 counts
±
5 counts
±
2 counts
±
3 counts
DC VOLTS NOTES
1. Specifications are for 1 power line cycle, Auto Zero on, 10-reading digital filter, except as noted.
2. For T
CAL
±
1
°
C, following 55-minute warm-up. T
CAL
is ambient temperature at calibration, which is 23
°
C from factory.
3. For T
CAL
±
5
°
C, following 55-minute warm-up. Specifications include factory traceability to
US NIST.
4. When properly zeroed using REL function.
5. For T
CAL
±
5
°
C, 90-day accuracy. 1-year or 2-year accuracy can be found by applying the same speed accuracy ppm changes to the 1-year or 2-year base accuracy.
6. Applies for 1k
Ω
imbalance in the LO lead. For 400Hz operation, subtract 10dB.
7. For noise synchronous to the line frequency.
2 (1.7)
9 (8.2)
42 (38)
102 (113)
126 (116)
129 (129)
130 (130)
6
28 (23)
54 (45)
173 (162)
175 (173)
178 (178)
333 (333)
2000 (2000)
2 (1.6)
9 (7.8)
43 (35)
102 (99)
105 (105)
114 (114)
117 (117)
6
27 (22)
48 (41)
129 (127)
129 (128)
138 (138)
199 (199)
2 (1.6)
9 (7.7)
39 (32)
84 (83)
86 (86)
90 (90)
95 (95)
ISOLATED POLARITY REVERSAL ERROR: This is the portion of the instrument error that is seen when high and low are reversed when driven by an isolated source. This is not an additional error—it is included in the overall instrument accuracy spec. Reversal Error: <2 counts at 10V input at 6 1 ⁄
2
digits, 10 power line cycles, 10-reading digital filter.
INPUT BIAS CURRENT: <100pA at 25
°
C.
LINEARITY: <1ppm of range typical, <2ppm maximum.
AUTORANGING: Autoranges up at 105% of range, down at 10% of range.
8. For line frequency
±
0.1%.
9. See Operating Speed section for additional detail. For DELAY=0, internal trigger, digital filter off, display off (or display in “hold” mode). Aperture is reciprocal of line frequency.
These rates are for 60Hz and (50Hz).
10. Typical values.
1 1 .In burst mode, display off. Burst mode requires Auto Zero refresh (by changing resolution or measurement function) once every 24 hours.
1 2 .DCV Transfer Stability typical applications are standard cell comparisons and relative accuracy measurements. Specs apply for 10 power line cycles, 20reading digital filter, autozero on with type synchronous, fixed range following
2-hour warm-up at full scale to 10% of full scale, at T
REF
±
1
°
C (T
REF
is the initial ambient temperature). Specifications on the 1000V range are for measurements within 5% of the initial measurement value and following measurement settling.
DCV PEAK SPIKES MEASUREMENT
REPETITIVE SPIKES ACCURACY
RANGE 0–1kHz 4
1
1kHz–
10kHz
90 Days,
±
2
°
C from last AC self-cal
10kHz–
30kHz
30kHz–
50kHz
50kHz–
100kHz
±
(% of reading+% of range)
100kHz–
300kHz
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
300kHz– 500kHz– 750kHz–
±
(% of reading+% of range)/
°
C
500kHz 750kHz 1MHz Outside T
CAL
±
2
°
C
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V 3
0.08+0.7
0.08+0.3
0.09+0.7
0.09+0.3
1000 V
3
0.1 +0.6
Max. % of Range
±
125%
0.08+0.7
0.08+0.3
0.1 +0.7
0.1 +0.3
0.13+0.6
±
125%
0.1 +0.7
0.1 +0.3
0.12+0.7
0.17+0.7
0.12+0.3
0.17+0.3
0.16+0.6
±
125%
0.15+0.7
0.15+0.3
0.25+0.6
±
125%
2
0.25+0.7
0.25+0.3
0.25+0.7
0.25+0.3
0.5 +0.6
±
125%
2
1.0+ 0.7
1.0+0.3
1.0+0.7
1.0+0.3
±
125%
2
2.5+ 0.7
2.5+0.3
2.5+0.7
2.5+0.3
±
125%
2
5.5+ 0.7
5.5+0.3
5.5+0.7
5.5+0.3
±
100%
2
9+ 0.7
9+0.3
9+0.7
9+0.3
±
75%
2
0.002+0.03
0.002+0.03
0.004+0.03
0.004+0.03
0.01 +0.02
REPETITIVE SPIKES ACCURACY
RANGE
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V
3
1000 V 3
0–1kHz 4
0.08+0.7
0.08+0.3
0.1 +0.7
0.1 +0.3
0.12+0.6
Max. % of Range
±
125%
1
1kHz–
10kHz
0.09+0.7
0.09+0.3
0.11+0.7
0.11+0.3
0.16+0.6
±
125%
1 or 2 Years, T
CAL
±
5
°
C
10kHz–
30kHz
30kHz–
50kHz
0.1 +0.7
0.1 +0.3
0.15+0.7
0.15+0.3
0.14+0.7
0.19+0.7
0.14+0.3
0.19+0.3
0.2 +0.6
0.25+0.6
2
±
125%
±
125%
±
(% of reading+% of range)
50kHz–
100kHz
0.25+0.7
0.25+0.3
0.25+0.7
0.25+0.3
0.5 +0.6
2
±
125%
100kHz–
300kHz
1.0+0.7
1.0+0.3
1.0+0.7
1.0+0.3
2
±
125%
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
300kHz– 500kHz– 750kHz–
±
(% of reading+% of range)/
°
C
500kHz 750kHz 1MHz Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C
2.5+0.7
2.5+0.3
2.5+0.7
2.5+0.3
2
5.5+0.7
5.5+0.3
5.5+0.7
5.5+0.3
2
9+0.7
9+0.3
9+0.7
9+0.3
2
0.002+0.03
0.002+0.03
0.004+0.03
0.004+0.03
0.01 +0.02
±
125%
±
100%
±
75%
DEFAULT MEASUREMENT RESOLUTION: 3 1 ⁄
2
digits.
MAXIMUM INPUT:
±
1100V peak value, 2
×
10 7 V•Hz (for inputs above 20V).
NON-REPETITIVE SPIKES: 10% of range per
µ s typical slew rate.
SPIKE WIDTH: Specifications apply for spikes
≥
1
µ s.
RANGE CONTROL: In Multiple Display mode, voltage range is the same as
DCV range.
SPIKES MEASUREMENT WINDOW: Default is 100ms per reading (settable from
0.1 to 9.9s in Primary Display mode).
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS: Same as ACV input characteristics.
SPIKES DISPLAY: Access as multiple display on DC Volts. First option presents positive peak spikes and highest spike since reset. Second option presents negative spikes and lowest spike. Highest and lowest spike can be reset by pressing DCV function button. Third option displays the maximum and minimum levels of the input signal. Spikes displays are also available through CONFIG-ACV-ACTYPE as primary displays.
DCV PEAK SPIKES NOTES
1. Specifications apply for 10-reading digital filter. If no filter is used, add 0.25% of range typical uncertainty.
2. Typical values.
3. Add 0.001% of reading
×
(V
IN
/100V) 2 additional uncertainty for inputs above 100V.
4. Specifications assume AC+DC coupling for frequencies below 200Hz. Below 20Hz add
0.1% of reading additional uncertainty.
AC VOLTS
AC magnitude: RMS or Average. Peak and Crest Factor measurements also available.
ACV INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
RMS
RANGE
PEAK
INPUT
FULL SCALE
RMS RESOLUTION
DEFAULT
RESOLUTION INPUT IMPEDANCE
200 mV
2
20
200
750
V
V
V
V
1 V
8V
100 V
800 V
1100 V
210.0000
2.100000
21.00000
210.0000
775.000
100 nV
1
µ
V
10
µ
V
100
µ
V
1 mV
1
µ
V
10
µ
V
100
µ
V
1 mV
10 mV
1M
Ω ±
2% with <140pF
1M
Ω ±
2% with <140pF
1M
Ω ±
2% with <140pF
1M
Ω ±
2% with <140pF
1M
Ω ±
2% with <140pF
AC VOLTAGE UNCERTAINTY =
±
[ (% of reading)
×
(measured value) + (% of range )
×
(range used) ] / 100.
PPM ACCURACY = (% accuracy)
×
10,000.
0.015% OF RANGE = 30 counts for ranges up to 200V and 113 counts on 750V range at 5 1 ⁄
2
digits.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT 2
±
(% of reading + % of range) /
°
C
Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C
0.004 + 0.001
0.004 + 0.001
0.006 + 0.001
0.006 + 0.001
0.012 + 0.001
LOW FREQUENCY MODE RMS
RANGE 1–10Hz
5
10–50Hz
1
90 Days,
50–100Hz
±
2
°
C from last AC self-cal, for 1% to 100% of range
0.1–2kHz 2–10kHz 10–30kHz
3
±
(% of reading + % of range)
30–50kHz 50–100kHz 100–200kHz 0.2–1MHz 1–2MHz
200 mV 0.09+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.035+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
2 V 0.09+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.035+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
20 V 0.1 +0.015
0.05+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.08 +0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
200 V 4 0.1 +0.015
0.05+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.08 +0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
5
750 V 4 0.13+0.015
0.09+0.015
0.08+0.015
0.08+0.015
0.09+0.015
0.12 +0.015
0.15+0.015
5 0.5 +0.015
5
LOW FREQUENCY MODE RMS
RANGE 1–10Hz
5
10–50Hz
1
1 or 2 Years, T
50–100Hz
CAL
±
5
°
C for 1% to 100% of range
0.1–2kHz 2–10kHz
3
10–30kHz
2+0.1
2+0.1
4+0.2
4+0.2
5
5+0.2
5+0.2
7+0.2
5
±
(% of reading + % of range)
30–50kHz 50–100kHz 100–200kHz 0.2–1MHz 1–2MHz
200 mV 0.11+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.05 +0.015
0.05+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
2 V 0.11+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.05 +0.015
0.05+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
20 V 0.12+0.015
0.07+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.085+0.015
0.12+0.015
0.13+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
200 V 4 0.12+0.015
0.07+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.085+0.015
0.12+0.015
0.13+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
5
750 V 4 0.15+0.015
0.11+0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.13 +0.015
0.18+0.015
0.22+0.015
5 0.5 +0.015
5
2+0.1
2+0.1
4+0.2
4+0.2
5
5+0.2
5+0.2
7+0.2
5
AC VOLTS (cont’d)
NORMAL MODE RMS 1
RANGE
90 Days,
±
2
°
C from last AC self-cal for 1% to 100% of range
3
20–50Hz 50–100Hz 0.1–2kHz 2–10kHz 10–30kHz
±
(% of reading + % of range)
30–50kHz 50–100kHz 100–200kHz 0.2–1MHz 1–2MHz
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V 4
750 V 4
0.25+0.015
0.07+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.035+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
0.25+0.015
0.07+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.03+0.015
0.035+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
0.25+0.015
0.07+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.08 +0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.25+0.015
0.07+0.015
0.04+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.08 +0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.25+0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.08+0.015
0.09+0.015
0.12 +0.015
0.15+0.015
5
0.17+0.015
0.5 +0.015
5
0.5+0.025
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
5
2+0.1
2+0.1
4+0.2
4+0.2
5
5+0.2
5+0.2
7+0.2
5
NORMAL MODE RMS
1
RANGE 20–50Hz
1 or 2 Years, T
CAL
±
5
°
C for 1% to 100% of range 3
50–100Hz 0.1–2kHz 2–10kHz
±
10–30kHz
(% of reading + % of range)
30–50kHz 50–100kHz 100–200kHz 0.2–1MHz 1–2MHz
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V
4
750 V
4
0.25+0.015
0.08+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.05 +0.015
0.05+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
0.25+0.015
0.08+0.015
0.05+0.015
0.05 +0.015
0.05+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
0.25+0.015
0.08+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.085+0.015
0.12+0.015
0.13+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
0.25+0.015
0.08+0.015
0.06+0.015
0.085+0.015
0.12+0.015
0.13+0.015
0.17+0.015
0.5+0.025
5
0.27+0.015
0.11+0.015
0.1 +0.015
0.13 +0.015
0.18+0.015
0.22+0.015
5
0.5 +0.015
5
2+0.1
2+0.1
4+0.2
4+0.2
5
5+0.2
5+0.2
7+0.2
5
dB ACCURACY RMS
±
dB, 90 Days, 1 or 2 Years, T
CAL
±
5
°
C, Reference=1V, Autoranging, Low Frequency Mode, AC+DC Coupling
0.2–1MHz INPUT
–54 to–40 dB (2 mV to 10 mV)
–40 to–34 dB (10 mV to 20 mV)
–34 to 6 dB (20 mV to 2 V)
6 to 26 dB (2 V to 20 V)
26 to 46 dB (20 V to 200 V)
46 to 57.8 dB (200 V to 775 V)
1–100Hz
0.230
0.036
0.023
0.024
0.024
0.018
0.1–30kHz
0.225
0.031
0.018
0.024
0.024
0.021
30–100kHz
0.236
0.041
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.049
5
100–200kHz
0.355
0.088
0.066
0.066
0.066
5
0.265
0.538
0.538
5
1–2MHz
0.630
0.820
5
ACV READING RATES 5,6
NPLC
10
2
1
0.1
0.01
0.01
8
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
DEFAULT READINGS/SECOND TO MEMORY READINGS/SECOND TO IEEE-488
BITS DIGITS Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
28
26
25
21
16
16
6
5
5
5
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
30
57
(5.1)
(24)
(48)
136 (136)
140 (140)
2000 (2000)
2 (1.7)
9 (7.9)
38 (35)
70 (70)
71 (71)
2
28
53
(23)
(45)
122 (122)
127 (127)
2000 (2000)
2
9
36
64
66
(1.6)
(7.6)
(33)
(64)
(66)
READINGS/SECOND WITH
TIME STAMP TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
2
27 (22)
48 (41)
98 (98)
99 (99)
2
9
34
56
58
(1.5)
(7.5)
(30)
(56)
(58)
AC COUPLING:
For AC only coupling, add the following % of reading:
1–10Hz 10–20Hz 20–50Hz 50–100Hz 100–200Hz
Normal Mode
(rms, average)
— — 0.41
0.07
0.015
Low Frequency Mode
(rms)
0.1
0.01
0 0 0
For low frequency mode below 200Hz, specifications apply for sine wave inputs only.
AC+DC COUPLING:
For DC>20% of AC rms voltage, apply the following additional uncertainty, multiplied by the ratio (DC/AC rms). Applies to rms and average measurements.
RANGE % of Reading % of Range
200mV, 20V
2V, 200V, 750V
0.05
0.07
0.1
0.01
ACV CREST FACTOR MEASUREMENT 11
CREST FACTOR = Peak AC / rms AC.
CREST FACTOR RESOLUTION: 3 digits.
CREST FACTOR ACCURACY: Peak AC uncertainty + AC normal mode rms uncertainty.
MEASUREMENT TIME: 100ms plus rms measurement time.
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS: Same as ACV input.
CREST FACTOR FREQUENCY RANGE: 20Hz – 1MHz.
CREST FACTOR DISPLAY: Access as multiple display on AC volts.
AVERAGE ACV MEASUREMENT
Normal mode rms specifications apply from 10% to 100% of range, for 20Hz–
1MHz. Add 0.025% of range for 50kHz–100kHz, 0.05% of range for 100kHz–
200kHz, and 0.5% of range for 200kHz–1MHz.
HIGH CREST FACTOR ADDITIONAL ERROR
±
(% of reading)
Applies to rms measurements.
CREST FACTOR:
ADDITIONAL ERROR:
1 – 2
0
2 – 3
0.1
3 – 4
0.2
4 – 5
0.4
ACV PEAK VALUE MEASUREMENT
RANGE
200 mV
2 V
20 V
200 V
750 V
4
4
Valid % of Range 7
20Hz–
1kHz
9
0.08+0.7
0.08+0.3
0.1 +0.7
0.1 +0.3
0.12+0.6
10–400%
1kHz–
10kHz
10
10kHz–
30kHz
0.09+0.7
0.09+0.3
0.11+0.7
0.11+0.3
0.16+0.6
0 .1 +0.7
0 .1 +0.3
0.14+0.7
0.14+0.3
0.2 +0.6
10–400% 10–400%
REPETITIVE PEAK ACCURACY,
±
(% of reading+% of range), 90 Days, 1 Year or 2 Years, T
CAL
±
5
°
C
30kHz–
50kHz
0.15+0.7
0.15+0.3
0.19+0.7
0.19+0.3
0.25+0.6
10–350%
5
50kHz–
100kHz
0.25+0.7
0.25+0.3
0.25+0.7
0.25+0.3
0.5 +0.6
10–350%
DEFAULT MEASUREMENT RESOLUTION: 4 digits.
NON-REPETITIVE PEAK: 10% of range per
µ s typical slew rate for single spikes.
PEAK WIDTH: Specifications apply for all peaks
≥
1
µ s.
5
100kHz–
300kHz
1.0+0.7
1.0+0.3
1.0+0.7
1.0+0.3
5
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
300kHz– 500kHz– 750kHz–
±
(% of reading+% of range)/
°
C
500kHz 750kHz 1MHz Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C
2.5+0.7
2.5+0.3
2.5+0.7
2.5+0.3
5
5.5+0.7
5.5+0.3
5.5+0.7
5.5+0.3
5
9+0.7
9+0.3
9+0.7
9+0.3
5
0.002 + 0.03
0.002 + 0.03
0.004 + 0.03
0.004 + 0.03
0.01 + 0.02
10–150% 10–100% 7.5–75% 10–250%
PEAK MEASUREMENT WINDOW: 100ms per reading.
MAXIMUM INPUT:
±
1100V peak, 2
×
10
7
V•Hz (for inputs above 20V).
AC VOLTS (cont’d)
SETTLING CHARACTERISTICS:
Normal Mode (rms, avg.)
<300ms to 1% of step change
<450ms to 0.1% of step change
<500ms to 0.01% of step change
Low Frequency Mode (rms)
<5s to 0.1% of final value
AC VOLTS NOTES
1. Specifications apply for sinewave input, AC + DC coupling, 1 power line cycle, digital filter off, following 55 minute warm-up.
2. Temperature coefficient applies to rms or average readings. For frequencies above
100kHz, add 0.01% of reading/
°
C to temperature coefficient.
3. For 1% to 5% of range below 750V range, and for 1% to 7% of 750V range, add 0.01% to range uncertainty. For inputs from 200kHz to 2MHz, specifications apply above 10% of range.
4. Add 0.001% of reading
×
(V
IN
/100V) 2 additional uncertainty above 100V rms.
5. Typical values.
6. For DELAY=0, digital filter off, display off (or display in “hold” mode). Internal Trigger,
Normal mode. See Operating Speed section for additional detail. Aperture is reciprocal of line frequency. These rates are for 60Hz and (50Hz). Applies for rms and average mode.
Low frequency mode rate is typically 0.2 readings per second.
COMMON MODE REJECTION: For 1k
Ω imbalance in either lead: >60dB for line frequency
±
0.1%.
MAXIMUM VOLT•Hz PRODUCT: 2
×
10 7 V•Hz (for inputs above 20V).
AUTORANGING: Autoranges up at 105% of range, down at 10% of range.
7. For overrange readings 200–300% of range, add 0.1% of reading. For 300–400% of range, add 0.2% of reading.
8. In burst mode, display off. Burst mode requires Auto Zero refresh (by changing resolution or measurement function) once every 24 hours.
9. AC peak specifications assume AC + DC coupling for frequencies below 200Hz.
10. Specifications apply for 10 reading digital filter. If no filter is used, add 0.25% of range typical uncertainty.
11. Subject to peak input voltage specification.
OHMS
TWO-WIRE AND FOUR-WIRE OHMS (2W and 4W Ohms Functions)
RANGE
20
Ω
200
Ω
2 k
Ω
20 k
Ω
200 k
Ω
2 M
Ω
4
20 M
Ω
4
200 M
Ω
4
1 G
Ω
4
FULL
SCALE
21.000000
210.00000
2100.0000
21.000000
210.00000
2.1000000
21.000000
210.00000
1.0500000
RESOLUTION
1
µΩ
10
µΩ
100
µΩ
1 m
Ω
10 m
Ω
100 m
Ω
1
Ω
10
Ω
100
Ω
DEFAULT
RESOLUTION
10
µΩ
100
µΩ
1 m
Ω
10 m
Ω
100 m
Ω
1
Ω
10
Ω
100
Ω
1 k
Ω
CURRENT 1
SOURCE
9.2
mA
0.98 mA
0.98 mA
89
µ
A
7
770
µ
A nA
70 nA
4.4
nA
4.4
nA
OPEN
CIRCUIT 12
5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
5 V
MAXIMUM
LEAD
RESISTANCE 2
1.7
Ω
12
Ω
100
Ω
1.5 k
Ω
1.5 k
Ω
1.5 k
Ω
1.5 k
Ω
1.5 k
Ω
1.5 k
Ω
MAXIMUM
OFFSET
COMPENSATION 3
±
0.2 V
±
0.2 V
–0.2 V to +2 V
–0.2 V to +2 V
TEMPERATURE
COEFFICIENT
±
(ppm of reading + ppm of range)/
°
C
Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
8 + 1.5
4 + 1.5
2.5 + 0.2
4 + 0.2
11 + 0.2
25 + 0.2
250 + 0.2
4000 + 10
4000 + 10
RESISTANCE ACCURACY 5
±
(ppm of reading + ppm of range)
RANGE 24 Hours 6 90 Days 7 1 Year 7 2 Years 7
20
Ω
200
Ω
2 k
Ω
20 k
Ω
200 k
Ω
2 M
Ω
4
20 M
Ω
4
200 M
Ω
4
1 G
Ω
4
29 +
24 +
22 +
19 +
20 +
50 +
160 +
7
7
4
4
4.5
4.5
4.5
3000 + 100
9000 + 100
52 +
36 +
33 +
32 +
72 +
110 +
560 +
7
7
4
4
4.5
4.5
4.5
10000 + 100
20000 + 100
72 +
56 +
50 +
50 +
90 +
160 +
900 +
7
7
4
4
4.5
4.5
4.5
20000 + 100
40000 + 100
110 +
90 +
80 +
80 +
130 +
230 +
1100 +
7
7
4.5
4.5
5
5
5
30000 + 100
60000 + 100
RESISTANCE UNCERTAINTY =
±
[ (ppm of reading)
×
(measured value) + (ppm of range)
×
(range used) ] / 1,000,000.
% ACCURACY = (ppm accuracy) / 10,000.
1PPM OF RANGE = 2 counts for ranges up to 200M
Ω
and 1 count on 1G
Ω
range at 6 1 ⁄
2
digits.
SPEED AND ACCURACY 9 90 Days
ACCURACY
±
(ppm of reading+ppm of range+ppm of range rms noise
12
)
1PLC 0.1PLC
11 0.01PLC
8,11
DFILT Off DFILT Off DFILT Off RANGE
20
Ω
200
Ω
2 k
Ω
20 k
Ω
200 k
Ω
2 M
Ω
4
20 M
Ω
4
200 M
Ω
4
1 G
Ω
4
52+ 7+0.6
36+ 7+0.6
33+ 4+0.2
32+ 4+0.2
72+ 4.5+0.5
110+ 4.5+ 2
560+ 4.5+ 5
10,000+100+ 40
20,000+100+ 40
52+ 30+10
36+ 30+10
33+ 24+ 1
32+ 24+ 2
72+ 25+ 4
110+ 25+15
560+ 30+20
10,000+120+80
20,000+120+80
110+200+ 35
110+200+ 35
130+230+ 5
130+230+ 5
150+300+ 10
150+300+150
560+300+150
10,000+700+250
20,000+700+250
PLC = Power Line Cycles. DFILT = Digital Filter.
2-WIRE ACCURACY 7
±
(ppm of range)
RANGE
ADDITIONAL UNCERTAINTY
(inside T
CAL
±
5
°
C)
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
(outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C)
20
Ω
300 ppm
70ppm/
°
C
200
Ω
30 ppm
7ppm/
°
C
2 k
Ω
3 ppm
0.7ppm/
°
C
SETTLING CHARACTERISTICS: For first reading following step change, add the total 90-day measurement error for the present range. Pre-programmed settling delay times are for <200pF external circuit capacitance. For 200M
Ω and 1G
Ω
ranges, add total 1 year errors for first reading following step change. Reading settling times are affected by source impedance and cable dielectric absorption characteristics.
OHMS MEASUREMENT METHOD: Constant current.
OFFSET COMPENSATION: Available on 20
Ω
– 20k
Ω
ranges.
OHMS VOLTAGE DROP MEASUREMENT: Available as a multiple display.
AUTORANGING: Autoranges up at 105% of range, down at 10% of range.
OHMS (cont’d)
2-WIRE RESISTANCE READING RATES 10,12 20
Ω
, 200
Ω
, 2k
Ω
, and 20k
Ω
Ranges
NPLC
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
10
2
1
0.2
11
0.1
11
0.02
11
0.01
11
0.01
8,11
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
3.34 ms (4 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
334
µ s (400
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
DEFAULT READINGS/SECOND TO MEMORY READINGS/SECOND TO IEEE-488
BITS DIGITS Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
21
19
16
16
28
26
25
22
7 1 ⁄
2
7 1 ⁄
2
6 1 ⁄
2
6 1 ⁄
2
5 1 ⁄
2
5 1 ⁄
2
4 1 ⁄
2
4 1 ⁄
2
2-WIRE RESISTANCE READING RATES 10,12
6 (5.1)
30 (25)
58 (48)
219 (189)
300 (300)
300 (300)
421 (421)
2000 (2000)
20M
Ω
Range
2 (1.7)
8 (7.1)
40 (34)
109 (97)
126 (118)
130 (130)
135 (135)
5 (4)
28 (23)
53 (45)
197 (162)
248 (245)
249 (249)
306 (306)
2000(2000)
2 (1.6)
8 (6.8)
37 (32)
97 (87)
112 (108)
114 (114)
114 (114)
NPLC
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
DEFAULT READINGS/SECOND TO MEMORY
BITS DIGITS Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
READINGS/SECOND WITH
TIME STAMP TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
10
2
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
1 16.7 ms (20 ms)
0.1
11
1.67 ms (2 ms)
0.02
11
334
µ s (400
µ s)
0.01
11 167
µ s (167
µ s)
28
26
25
21
19
16
7
1
⁄
2
7
1
⁄
2
6 1 ⁄
2
5
1
⁄
2
5
1
⁄
2
4 1 ⁄
2
6 (5.1)
30 (25)
58 (48)
300 (296)
300 (300)
412 (412)
1 (0.8)
1 (0.8)
4 (3.8)
5 (5)
5 (5)
5 (5)
2 (1.8)
16(14.5)
25 (22)
43 (39)
43 (43)
43 (43)
1 (0.8)
1 (0.8)
4 (3.5)
5 (4.7)
5 (5)
5 (5)
4-WIRE RESISTANCE READING RATES 10,12
NPLC
10
2
1
0.1
11
0.01
11
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
DEFAULT
BITS DIGITS
28
26
25
21
16
7
7
6
5
4
1
1
1
1
1 ⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
2
2
2
2
2
Any Range
READINGS or READINGS WITH TIME STAMP/SECOND
TO MEMORY or IEEE-488, AUTO ZERO ON
Offset Comp. Off Offset Comp. On
2 (1.6)
7 (6.1)
12 (11.6)
20 (20)
21 (21)
0.6
(0.5)
2 (1.6)
3 (3.7)
6 (6)
7 (7)
OHMS NOTES
1. Current source is typically
±
9% absolute accuracy.
2. Total of measured value and lead resistance cannot exceed full scale.
3. Maximum offset compensation plus source current times measured resistance must be less than source current times resistance range selected.
4. For 2-wire mode.
5. Specifications are for 1 power line cycle, 10 reading digital filter, Auto Zero on, 4-wire mode, offset compensation on (for 20
Ω
to 20k
Ω
ranges).
6. For T
CAL
±
1
°
C, following 55 minute warm-up. T
CAL
is ambient temperature at calibration
(23
°
C at the factory).
7. For T
CAL
±
5
°
C, following 55-minute warm-up. Specifications include traceability to US
NIST.
READINGS/SECOND WITH
TIME STAMP TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
5 (4)
27 (22)
49 (41)
140 (129)
164 (163)
165 (165)
189 (189)
2
8
35
79
89
91
92
(1.6)
(6.7)
(31)
(74)
(88)
(91)
(92)
8. In burst mode, display off. Burst mode requires Auto Zero refresh (by changing resolution or measurement function) once every 24 hours.
9. For T
CAL
±
5
°
C, 90-day accuracy. 1-year and 2-year accuracy can be found by applying the same speed accuracy ppm changes to the 1-year or 2-year base accuracy.
10. For DELAY=0, digital filter off, internal trigger, display off. Aperture is reciprocal of line frequency. These rates are for 60Hz and (50Hz). Speed for 200k
Ω
range is typically 10% slower than 20k
Ω
range; speed for 2M
Ω
range is typically 3 times faster than 20M
Ω
range; speed for 1G
Ω
range is typically 30%–50% as fast as 20M
Ω
range. See Operating Speed section for additional detail.
11. Ohms measurements at rates lower than 1 power line cycle are subject to potential noise pickup. Care must be taken to provide adequate shielding.
12. Typical values.
DC AMPS
DCI INPUT CHARACTERISTICS AND ACCURACY 4
RANGE
FULL
SCALE
DEFAULT
MAXIMUM
BURDEN
RESOLUTION RESOLUTION VOLTAGE 6
ACCURACY 1
±
(ppm of reading + ppm of range)
24 Hours 2 90 Days 3 1 Year 3 2 Years 3
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT
±
(ppm of reading + ppm of range)/
°
C
Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C
200
µ
A
2 mA
20 mA
200 mA
2 A
210.00000
2.1000000
21.000000
210.00000
2.1000000
10 pA
100 pA
1 nA
10 nA
100 nA
100 pA
1 nA
10 nA
100 nA
1
µ
A
0.25 V
0.31 V
0.4 V
0.5 V
1.5 V
63 + 25
64 + 20
65 + 20
96 + 20
500 + 20
300 + 25
300 + 20
300 + 20
300 + 20
600 + 20
500 + 25
400 + 20
400 + 20
500 + 20
900 + 20
DC CURRENT UNCERTAINTY =
±
[ (ppm reading)
×
(measured value) + (ppm of range)
×
(range used)] / 1,000,000.
% ACCURACY = (ppm accuracy) / 10,000.
1350 + 25
750 + 20
750 + 20
750 + 20
1350 + 20
58 + 7
58 + 5
58 + 5
58 + 5
58 + 5
10PPM OF RANGE = 20 counts at 6 1 ⁄
2
digits.
DCI READING RATES 5,9
NPLC
10
2
1
0.2
0.1
0.02
0.01
0.01
7
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
3.34 ms (4 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
334
µ s (400
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
DEFAULT READINGS/SECOND TO MEMORY READINGS/SECOND TO IEEE-488
BITS DIGITS Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
21
19
16
16
28
26
25
22
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
30
57
(5.1)
(24)
(48)
217 (195)
279 (279)
279 (279)
298 (298)
2000 (2000)
2 (1.7)
10 (8.2)
45 (38)
122 (111)
144 (144)
148 (148)
150 (150)
6
28
53
(4.8)
(23)
(45)
186 (168)
234 (229)
234 (234)
245 (245)
2000 (2000)
2
9
41
109
(1.6)
(7.8)
(35)
(98)
123 (123)
130 (130)
132 (132)
READINGS/SECOND WITH
TIME STAMP TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
6 (4.8)
27 (22)
48 (41)
135 (125)
158 (156)
158 (158)
164 (164)
2
9
40
88
99
(1.6)
(7.7)
(32)
(85)
(98)
101 (101)
102 (102)
DC AMPS (cont’d)
SPEED AND ACCURACY 8 90 Days
ACCURACY
±
(ppm of reading+ppm of range+ppm of range rms noise 9 )
1PLC 0.1PLC
0.01PLC
7
DFILT Off DFILT Off DFILT Off RANGE
200
µ
A
2 mA
20 mA
200 mA
2 A
300+25+0.3
300+20+0.3
300+20+0.3
300+20+0.3
600+20+0.3
300+50+8
300+45+8
300+45+8
300+45+8
600+45+8
300+200+80
300+200+80
300+200+80
300+200+80
600+200+80
PLC = Power Line Cycle. DFILT = Digital Filter.
DC AMPS NOTES
1. Specifications are for 1 power line cycle, Auto Zero on, 10 reading digital filter.
2. For T
CAL
±
1
°
C, following 55 minute warm-up.
3. For T
CAL
±
5
°
C, following 55 minute warm-up. Specifications include traceability to US
NIST.
4. Add 50 ppm of range for current above 0.5A for self heating.
5. For DELAY=0, digital filter off, display off. Internal trigger. Aperture is reciprocal of line frequency. These rates are for 60Hz and (50Hz). See Operating Speed section for additional detail.
SETTLING CHARACTERISTICS: <500
µ s to 50ppm of step size. Reading settling times are affected by source impedance and cable dielectric absorption characteristics. Add 50ppm of range for first reading after range change.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 2.1A, 250V.
OVERLOAD PROTECTION: 2A fuse (250V), accessible from front (for front input) and rear (for rear input).
AUTORANGING: Autoranges up at 105% of range, down at 10% of range.
6. Actual maximum voltage burden = (maximum voltage burden)
×
(I
MEASURED
/I
FULL SCALE
).
7. In burst mode, display off. Burst mode requires Auto Zero refresh (by changing resolution or measurement function) once every 24 hours.
8. For T
CAL
±
5
°
C, 90-day accuracy. 1-year and 2-year accuracy can be found by applying the same speed accuracy ppm changes to the 1-year or 2-year base accuracy.
9. Typical values.
DC IN-CIRCUIT CURRENT
The DC in-circuit current measurement function allows a user to measure the current through a wire or a circuit board trace without breaking the circuit.
When the In-Circuit Current Measurement function is selected, the 2001 will first perform a 4-wire resistance measurement, then a voltage measurement, and will display the calculated current.
TYPICAL RANGES:
Current:
100
µ
A to 12A.
Trace Resistance:
1m
Ω
to 10
Ω
typical.
Voltage:
±
200mV max. across trace.
Speed:
Accuracy:
4 measurements/second at 1 power line cycle.
±
(5% + 2 counts). For 1 power line cycle, Auto Zero on, 10 reading digital filter, T
CAL
±
5
°
C, after being properly zeroed.
90 days, 1 year or 2 years.
AC AMPS
AC magnitude: RMS or Average.
ACI INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
MEASUREMENT RANGE CHART
10
Ω
1
Ω
100m
Ω
10m
Ω
1m
Ω
100
µ
A
Specified
Measurement
Range
1mA 10mA 100mA 1A
Measured Current
10A 100A
RMS
RANGE
200
µ
A
2 mA
20 mA
200 mA
2 A
PEAK
INPUT
1 mA
10 mA
100 mA
1 A
2 A
FULL SCALE
RMS
210.0000
2.100000
21.00000
210.0000
2.100000
RESOLUTION
100 pA
1 nA
10 nA
100 nA
1
µ
A
DEFAULT
RESOLUTION
1 nA
10 nA
100 nA
1
µ
A
10
µ
A
MAXIMUM
BURDEN
VOLTAGE 5
0.25 V
0.31 V
0.4 V
0.5 V
1.5 V
TEMPERATURE
COEFFICIENT
±
(% of reading + % of range)/
°
C
Outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C
0.01 + 0.001
0.01 + 0.001
0.01 + 0.001
0.01 + 0.001
0.01 + 0.001
ACI ACCURACY 1,2
90 Days, 1 Year or 2 Years, T
CAL
±
5
°
C, for 5% to 100% of range,
±
(% of reading + % of range)
10kHz–30kHz 3 RANGE
200
µ
A
2 mA
20 mA
200 mA
2 A
20Hz–50Hz
0.35 + 0.015
0.3 + 0.015
0.3 + 0.015
0.3 + 0.015
0.35 + 0.015
50Hz–200Hz
0.2 + 0.015
0.15 + 0.015
0.15 + 0.015
0.15 + 0.015
0.2 + 0.015
200Hz–1kHz
0.4 + 0.015
0.12 + 0.015
0.12 + 0.015
0.12 + 0.015
0.3 + 0.015
AC CURRENT UNCERTAINTY =
±
[ (% of reading)
×
(measured value) + (% of range)
×
(range used) ] / 100.
PPM ACCURACY = (% accuracy)
×
10,000.
0.015% OF RANGE = 30 counts at 5 1 ⁄
2
digits.
1kHz–10kHz
0.5 + 0.015
0.12 + 0.015
0.12 + 0.015
0.15 + 0.015
0.45 + 0.015
0.25 + 0.015
0.25 + 0.015
0.5 + 0.015
1.5 + 0.015
30kHz–50kHz 3
0.3 + 0.015
0.3 + 0.015
1 + 0.015
4 + 0.015
50kHz–100kHz 3
0.5 + 0.015
0.5 + 0.015
3 + 0.015
AC COUPLING:
For AC only coupling, add the following % of reading:
rms, Average
20–50Hz
0.55
50–100Hz
0.09
100–200Hz
0.015
AC+DC COUPLING:
For DC>20% of AC rms voltage, apply the following additional uncertainty, multiplied by the ratio (DC/AC rms).
% of Reading % of Range rms, Average
0.05
0.1
AC AMPS (cont’d)
ACI READING RATES 3,4
NPLC
10
2
1
0.1
0.01
0.01
6
MEASUREMENT
APERTURE
167 ms (200 ms)
33.4 ms (40 ms)
16.7 ms (20 ms)
1.67 ms (2 ms)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
167
µ s (167
µ s)
DEFAULT READINGS/SECOND TO MEMORY READINGS/SECOND TO IEEE-488
BITS DIGITS Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
28
26
25
21
16
16
6
5
5
5
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
⁄
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
30
57
(5.1)
(25)
(48)
157 (136)
156 (136)
2000 (2000)
2 (1.7)
9 (7.9)
39 (35)
70 (70)
70 (70)
6
28
53
(4.9)
(23)
(45)
123 (123)
140 (140)
2000 (2000)
2
9
37
62
63
(1.6)
(7.6)
(33)
(62)
(63)
READINGS/SECOND WITH
TIME STAMP TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
6 (4.8)
27 (22)
49 (41)
107 (107)
113 (113)
2
9
34
56
56
(1.6)
(7.5)
(30)
(53)
(56)
SETTLING CHARACTERISTICS: <300ms to 1% of step change
<450ms to 0.1% of step change
<500ms to 0.01% of step change
AUTORANGING: Autoranges up at 105% of range, down at 10% of range.
HIGH CREST FACTOR ADDITIONAL ERROR
±
(% of reading)
Applies to rms measurements.
CREST FACTOR
ADDITIONAL ERROR
1 – 2
0
2 – 3
0.1
3 – 4
0.2
4 – 5
0.4
AVERAGE ACI MEASUREMENT
Rms specifications apply for 10% to 100% of range.
AC AMPS NOTES
1. Specifications apply for sinewave input, AC+DC coupling, 1 power line cycle, digital filter off, following 55 minute warm-up.
2. Add 0.005% of range uncertainty for current above 0.5A rms for self-heating.
3. Typical values.
4. For DELAY=0, digital filter off, display off, internal trigger. Aperture is reciprocal of line frequency. These rates are for 60Hz and (50Hz).
5. Actual maximum voltage burden = (maximum voltage burden)
×
(I
MEASURED
/I
FULL SCALE
).
6. In burst mode, display off. Burst mode requires Auto Zero refresh (by changing resolution or measurement function) once every 24 hours.
FREQUENCY COUNTER
FREQUENCY/PERIOD INPUT CHARACTERISTICS AND ACCURACY
FREQUENCY
RANGE
1
PERIOD
RANGE
DEFAULT
RESOLUTION
AC Voltage Input
AC Current Input
1Hz–15 MHz
1Hz– 1 MHz
67 ns – 1 s
1
µ s – 1 s
5 digits
5 digits
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE: Unique pulse count/time count at overflow.
TIME BASE: 7.68MHz
±
0.01%, 0
°
C to 55
°
C.
READING TIME: 420ms maximum.
60 mV
150
µ
A
90 Days, 1 Year, or 2 Years
MINIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL
1Hz–1MHz 1–5MHz 5–15MHz
60 mV 350 mV
MAXIMUM
INPUT
1100 V pk 1
1 A pk
TRIGGER
LEVEL
0–600V
0–600mA
ACCURACY
±
(% of reading)
0.03
0.03
TRIGGER LEVEL ADJUSTMENT: Trigger level is adjustable in 0.5% of range steps to
±
60% of range in real-time using the up and down range buttons.
FREQUENCY RANGING: Autoranging from Hz to MHz.
FREQUENCY COUPLING: AC + DC or AC only.
FREQUENCY NOTES
1. Subject to 2
×
10 7 V•Hz product (for inputs above 20V).
TEMPERATURE (RTD)
RANGE
–100
°
to +100
°
C
–200
°
to +630
°
C
–212
°
to +180
°
F
–360
°
to +1102
°
F
RESO-
LUTION
0.001
°
C
0.001
°
C
0.001
°
F
0.001
°
F
4-WIRE ACCURACY
3
1 Hour
2
90 Days 1 Year 2 Years
±
0.005
°
C
±
0.05
°
C
±
0.08
°
C
±
0.12
°
C
±
0.005
°
C
±
0.12
°
C
±
0.14
°
C
±
0.18
°
C
±
0.009
°
F
±
0.09
°
F
±
0.15
°
F
±
0.22
°
F
±
0.009
°
F
±
0.15
°
F
±
0.18
°
F
±
0.33
°
F
RTD TYPE: 100
Ω
platinum; DIN 43 760 or IPTS-68, alpha 0.00385, 0.00390,
0.003916, or 0.00392, 4-wire.
MAXIMUM LEAD RESISTANCE (each lead): 12
Ω
(to achieve rated accuracy).
SENSOR CURRENT: 1mA (pulsed).
COMMON MODE REJECTION: <0.005
°
C/V at DC, 50Hz, 60Hz and 400Hz,
(100
Ω
imbalance, LO driven).
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT:
±
(0.0013% + 0.005
°
C)/
°
C or
±
(0.0013% + 0.01
°
F)/
°
C outside T
CAL
±
5
°
C.
RTD TEMPERATURE READING RATES
1
(2- or 4-Wire)
NPLC
READINGS or READINGS WITH TIME STAMP/SECOND
TO MEMORY or IEEE-488
Auto Zero Off Auto Zero On
10
2
1
0.1
0.01
1 (1)
5 (4.3)
7 (6.5)
12 (10.8)
12 (12)
1 (1)
4 (3.6)
6 (5.5)
9 (9)
10 (10)
TEMPERATURE (Thermocouple)
THERMO-
COUPLE
TYPE
R
S
B
J
K
T
E
RANGE
–200
°
to + 760
°
C
–200
°
to +1372
°
C
–200
°
to + 400
°
C
–200
°
to +1000
°
C
0
°
to +1768
°
C
0
°
to +1768
°
C
+350
°
to +1820
°
C
DEFAULT
RESOLUTION
0.1
°
C
0.1
°
C
0.1
°
C
0.1
°
C
1
°
C
1
°
C
1
°
C
ACCURACY 4
±
0.5
°
C
±
0.5
°
C
±
0.5
°
C
±
0.6
°
C
±
3
°
C
±
3
°
C
±
5
°
C
TC TEMPERATURE READING RATES 1
NPLC
READINGS/SECOND
READINGS/SECOND READINGS/SECOND WITH TIME STAMP
TO MEMORY TO IEEE-488 TO IEEE-488
Auto Zero
Off On
Auto Zero
Off On
Auto Zero
Off On
10
2
1
0.1
6 (5.1)
30 (25)
2 (1.7)
9 (7.6)
57 (48) 43 (37)
139 (139) 95 (95)
0.01
177 (177) 98 (98)
4 (3.4) 2 (1.4)
28 (23) 9 (7.3)
53 (45) 40 (32)
126 (123) 85 (84)
156 (156) 87 (87)
4 (3.4) 2 (1.4)
27 (22) 8 (7.2)
49 (41) 37 (30)
99 (99) 72 (72)
119 (119) 73 (73)
TEMPERATURE NOTES
1. Typical speeds for Auto Zero on. For DELAY=0, digital filter off, display off, internal trigger. Rates are for 60Hz and (50Hz).
2. For ambient temperature
±
1
°
C, measured temperature
±
10
°
C, 10-reading digital filter.
3. Excluding probe errors. T
CAL
±
5
°
C.
4. Relative to external 0
°
C reference junction; exclusive of thermocouple errors. Junction temperature may be external. Applies for 90 days, 1 year or 2 years, T
CAL
±
5
°
C.
OPERATING SPEED
The following diagram illustrates the factors that determine a DMM’s reading rate.
GPIB
Command
Command
Receive and
Interpret
Stored
Setup
Change
Trigger
Link or
Ext.
Trigger
Function,
Speed or
Range
Change
Measurement
Settle
Auto Zero
On
Auto Zero
Off
Trigger Control
Auto Zero
On
Measurement
Settle
Auto Zero
Off
Measure
Engineering Units Conversion
Math, Limits Calculation
Formatting
GPIB Data
Transmission
Data
Memory
Display
Update
Command Receive and
Interpret Speed
Function Change Speed
Range Change Speed
Measurement Speed
Change Time
Trigger Speed
COMMAND RECEIVE AND INTERPRET SPEED
Time per character
Characters per second
FASTEST
0.16 ms
6250
TYPICAL
0.28 ms
3751
SLOWEST
0.66 ms
1515
Receive and Rate
Interpret Time (per second)
TYPICAL COMMAND TIMES
Command
SENSE1:VOLTAGE:AC:
RESOLUTION MAXIMUM
VOLT:AC:RES:MAX
SENSE1:FUNC 'VOLT:AC"
RESISTANCE:RANGE:UPPER 1E9
STATUS:QUEUE:CLEAR
STAT:QUE:CLE
*TRG
9.4 ms
4.1 ms
6.3 ms
9.0 ms
5.1 ms
3.1 ms
1.2 ms
106
243
158
111
196
322
833
Settling Times
(included in reading rates)
Function Reading Rates to
Memory (see rates for each measurement function).
Autorange Speed (if on)
Engineering Units Conversion
Speed (included in reading rates for multiple measure- ments; add to total time for single measurements only)
Math Speed (only if Math on)
Stop here for Speed to
Memory.
Data Format Speed
Data Transfer Ratess
Display Speed
Function Reading
Rates to GPIB
(see rates for each measurement function).
MEASUREMENT SPEED CHANGE TIMES 1,2
Typical delay before first reading after making a speed change.
FUNCTION
AUTO ZERO OFF AUTO ZERO ON
Time Time
DCV, DCI, ACI
ACV
Ohms (2-wire)
Ohms (4-wire)
TC Temperature
From To
Any
≤
0.1 PLC
Any 1 PLC
Any 10 PLC
Any
≤
0.1 PLC
Any 1 PLC
Any 10 PLC
Any
≤
0.1 PLC
Any 1 PLC
Any 10 PLC
Any
≤
0.1 PLC
Any 1 PLC
Any 10 PLC
Any
≤
0.1 PLC
Any 1 PLC
Any 10 PLC
66 ms
190 ms
1540 ms
120 ms
250 ms
1600 ms
69 ms
195 ms
1540 ms
110 ms
240 ms
1590 ms
80 ms
195 ms
1545 ms
44 ms
140 ms
1195 ms
100 ms
197 ms
1250 ms
57 ms
170 ms
1370 ms
46 ms
165 ms
1370 ms
55 ms
170 ms
1370 ms
FUNCTION CHANGE SPEED 1
FROM
Function
Any
Any
Any except ACI
ACI
Any
TO
Function
DCV
ACV
DCI
Range(s)
200mV, 2V
20V
200V
1000V
Any
200
µ
A, 2mA, 20mA
200mA, 2A
Any
Any ACI
Any
Any
Ohms (2-wire) 20
Ω
, 200
Ω
, 2k
Ω
, 20k
Ω
2 0 0 k
Ω
2M
Ω
2 0 M
Ω
200M
Ω
, 1G
Ω
Ohms (4-wire) 20
Ω
, 200
Ω
, 2k
Ω
, 20k
Ω
2 0 0 k
Ω
Any except ACI and Ohms Frequency 8
ACI, Ohms (4-wire)
Ohms (2-wire)
Any
Any
Any
Any RTD Temp. (2-wire)
RTD Temp. (4-wire)
TC Temp.
Any
Any
Any
AUTO ZERO OFF
RATE
TIME (per second)
8 . 1 ms
8 . 1 ms
2 4 ms
1 1 ms
5 6 3 ms
1 2 0
1 2 0
4 0
1 6 0
1 . 8
4 . 5 ms
6 . 0 ms
2 1 . 1 ms
5 2 1 ms
6 . 0 ms
2 6 ms
9 5 ms
2 6 5 ms
3 6 6 ms
1 2 ms
2 6 ms
6 1 ms
7 9 ms
4 1 8 ms
6 . 0 ms
1 1 . 5 ms
8 . 0 ms
2 2 0
1 6 0
4 5
1 . 9
1 6 5
3 8
1 0 . 5
4
3
1 4 0
3 8
1 6
1 2
2
1 6 5
1 5 0
1 2 5
3 4 ms
6 1 ms
4 2 5 ms
6 9 0 ms
5 . 5 ms
3 4 . 1 ms
6 0 ms
6 0 ms
7 5 ms
4 1 6 ms
3 3 ms
3 7 ms
3 5 ms
AUTO ZERO ON
RATE
TIME (per second)
3 6 ms
8 . 6 ms
5 2 ms
1 0 . 2 ms
5 6 3 ms
2 7
1 1 0
1 9
1 9 0
1 . 8
5 . 1 ms
6 . 6 ms
2 2 ms
5 2 1 ms
1 9 0
1 5 0
4 5
1 . 9
2 9
1 6
2 . 4
1 . 4
1 8 0
2 9
1 6
1 7
1 3
2
3 0
2 7
2 8
OPERATING SPEED (cont’d)
RANGE CHANGE SPEED 1
FUNCTION
DCV
ACV
DCI
From
200mV, 2V
200V, 1000V
200mV, 2V, 20V
200V, 1000V
200mV, 2V, 20V
1000V
Any
Any
Any
ACI
Ohms (2-wire)
Ohms (4-wire)
Any
Any
Any
Any
Any
Any
Any
Any
To
20V
20V
200mV, 2V, 20V
200mV, 2V
200V
200V
1000V
Any
200
µ
A, 2mA, 20mA
200mA, 2A
Any
20
Ω
, 200
Ω
, 2k
Ω
, 20k
Ω
2 0 0 k
Ω
2M
Ω
2 0 M
Ω
200M
Ω
, 1G
Ω
20
Ω
, 200
Ω
, 2k
Ω
, 20k
Ω
2 0 0 k
Ω
AUTO ZERO OFF
RATE
TIME (per second)
4.5 ms
8.0 ms
4.5 ms
8.0 ms
24 ms
9 ms
11 ms
5 6 3 ms
4 . 5 ms
6 . 0 ms
5 2 5 ms
6 . 0 ms
2 6 ms
9 5 ms
2 6 5 ms
3 6 6 ms
8 ms
2 6 ms
220
120
220
120
41
110
165
1 . 8
2 2 0
1 6 0
1 . 9
1 6 0
3 8
1 0
3 . 7
2 . 7
1 6 0
3 8
AUTO ZERO ON
RATE
TIME (per second)
3.1 ms
8.6 ms
36 ms
38 ms
52 ms
37 ms
10.1 ms
5 6 3 ms
5 . 2 ms
6 . 6 ms
5 2 5 ms
3 4 ms
6 6 ms
4 2 0 ms
6 9 0 ms
5 . 5 ms
3 4 ms
6 6 ms
190
110
27
26
19
27
190
1 . 8
1 9 0
1 5 0
1 . 9
2 9
1 5
2 . 3
1 . 4
1 8 0
2 9
1 6
TRIGGER SPEED (External Trigger or Trigger-Link)
Trigger Latency:
Trigger Jitter:
Auto Zero On
1.2 ms typical
Auto Zero Off
2
µ s
±
0.5
µ s
MATH AND LIMITS CALCULATION SPEED 1
CALCULATION
NOMINAL
TIME
NOMINAL
RATE (per second)
mX + b
Percent
Limits 6
None
0.35 ms
0.60 ms
0.35 ms
0.07 ms
2850
1660
2850
MAXIMUM
TIME
0.44 ms
0.64 ms
0.37 ms
0.08 ms
ENGINEERING UNIT CONVERSION SPEED
Included in reading times for multiple measurements; add to total time for single measurements only.
CONFIGURATION TIME RATE (per second)
DCV
DCV, Filter on
DCV, Relative on
DCV, Ratio on
ACV
ACV, Relative on
ACV, Filter on
ACV, dB
ACV, dBm
2.4 ms
2.4 ms
2.5 ms
3.7 ms
5.3 ms
5.3 ms
6.8 ms
9.4 ms
17.3 ms
416
416
400
270
188
188
147
106
57
DISPLAY SPEED
Display updated at up to 20 times per second. Display update can be suspended by holding the display (press ENTER) or setting Display Enable Off from GPIB.
GPIB DATA FORMATTING TRANSMISSION TIME 3
FORMAT
DREAL
(Double precision real)
SREAL
(Single precision real)
ASCII
READINGS
ONLY
Time Rdg./s
0.30 ms 3330
0.37 ms 2710
3.9 ms 255
READINGS WITH
TIME STAMP
Time Rdg./s
2.0 ms
2.1 ms
8.2 ms
500
475
120
SINGLE FUNCTION SCAN SPEED 4 (Internal Scanner)
TYPE
DCV (20V) 7
Rate
(Chan./
2-Wire Ohms
(2k
Ω
) 7
Time Rate Time per per (Chan./
Chan.
second) Chan. second)
4-Wire Ohms
(2k
Ω
) 7
Time Rate per (Chan./
Time per
ACV
Rate
(Chan./
Chan. second) Chan.
second)
Ratio or Delta
5
(2 channels) 4 ms
Fast Scan
(using solid state
channels)
Normal Scan
5.5 ms
10.3 ms
250
181
97
4.4 ms 230
7 ms 140
12.1 ms 80
18.5 ms
21 ms
54
47
520 ms
532 ms
1.9
1.8
Frequency
Time Rate per (Chan./
Chan.
second)
958 ms
974 ms
1
1
TC
Temperature
Time per
Rate
(Chan./
Chan.
second)
RTD
Temperature (2-Wire)
Time per
Rate
(Chan./
Chan.
second)
13.8 ms
18 ms
72
55 95 ms 10
MIXED FUNCTION SCAN SPEED 1 (Internal Scanner)
SCAN CONFIGURATION
(Channels)
5 chan. DCV, 5 chan. 2w
Ω
3 DCV, 3 2w
Ω
, 4 TC
5 2wRTD, 5 TC
5 2w
Ω
, 5 2wRTD
9 DCV, 1 ACV
2 DCV, 1 ACV, 2 2w
Ω
, 1 4w
Ω
5 DCV, 5 Freq.
3 DCV, 3 ACV, 2 4w
Ω
Average Time/
Channel
20 ms
22 ms
60 ms
60 ms
73 ms
122 ms
490 ms
220 ms
Average Rate
(Channel/s)
13
8
2
5
50
45
17
17
OPERATING SPEED NOTES
1. With Display off, 1 power line cycle, autorange off, filter off, triggers halted. Display on may impact time by 3% worst case. To eliminate this impact press ENTER (hold) to lock out display from front panel.
2. Based on using 20V, 2k
Ω
, 200mA ranges.
3. Auto Zero off, using 386SX/16 computer, average time for 1000 readings, byte order swapped, front panel disabled.
4. Typical times for 0.01 power line cycle, autorange off, Delay=0, 100 measurements into buffer.
5. Ratio and delta functions output one value for each pair of measurements.
6. Time to measure, evaluate limits, and set digital outputs are found by summing measurement time with limits calculation time.
7. Auto Zero off.
8. Based on 100kHz input frequency.
DELAY AND TIMER
TIME STAMP
Resolution: 1
µ s.
Accuracy:
±
0.01%
±
1
µ s.
Maximum: 2,100,000.000 000 seconds (24 days, 20 hours).
DELAY TIME (Trigger edge to reading initiation)
Maximum: 999,999.999 seconds (11 days, 12 hours).
Resolution: 1ms.
Jitter:
±
1ms.
TIMER (Reading initiation to reading initiation)
Maximum: 999,999.999 seconds (11 days, 12 hours).
Resolution: 1ms.
Jitter:
±
1ms.
NOTE: To find measurement speed, see each measurement section.
MAXIMUM INPUT LEVELS
HI to LO
HI Sense to LO
LO Sense to LO
I Input to LO
HI to Earth
LO to Earth
RATED
INPUT 1
±
1100V pk
±
350V pk 250V rms
±
350V pk 250V rms
2A,
±
250V (fused)
±
1600V
±
500V
OVERLOAD
RECOVERY
TIME
< 900 ms
< 900 ms
< 900 ms
—
< 900 ms
1. For voltages between other terminals, these ratings can be algebraically added.
IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION
IMPLEMENTATION: IEEE-488.2, SCPI-1991.0.
MULTILINE COMMANDS: DCL, LLO, SDC, GET, GTL, UNT, UNL, SPE, SPD.
UNILINE COMMANDS: IFC, REN, EOI, SRQ, ATN.
INTERFACE COMMANDS: SH1, AH1, T5, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1,
DT1, C0, E1.
DIGITAL I/O
CONNECTOR TYPE: 8 pin “D” subminiature.
INPUT: One pin, TTL compatible.
OUTPUTS: Four pins. Open collector, 30V maximum pull-up voltage, 100mA maximum sink current, 10
Ω
output impedance.
CONTROL: Direct control by output or set real-time with limits.
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
POWER
Voltage: 90–134V and 180–250V, universal self-selecting.
Frequency: 50Hz, 60Hz, or 400Hz self-identifying.
Consumption: <55VA.
ENVIRONMENTAL
Operating Temperature: 0
°
C to 50
°
C.
Storage Temperature: –40
°
C to 70
°
C.
Humidity: 80% R.H., 0
°
C to 35
°
C, per MIL-T-28800E 1 Para 4.5.5.1.2.
NORMAL CALIBRATION
Type: Software. No manual adjustments required.
Sources: 2 DC voltages (2V, 20V) and 2 resistances (19k and 1M). Different calibration source values are allowed. All other functions calibrated (adjusted) from these sources and a short circuit. No AC calibrator required for adjustment.
PHYSICAL
Case Dimensions: 90mm high
×
214mm wide
×
369mm deep (3 1 ⁄
2
14 1 ⁄
2
in.).
in.
×
8 1 ⁄
2
in.
×
Working Dimensions: From front of case to rear including power cord and
IEEE-488 connector: 15.0 inches.
Net Weight: <4.2kg (<9.2 lbs.).
Shipping Weight: <9.1kg (<20lbs.).
STANDARDS
EMI/RFI: Conforms to VDE 0871B (per Vfg 1046/1984), IEC 801-2. Meets FCC part 15 Class B, CISPR-22 (EN55022).
Safety: Conforms to IEC348, CAN/CSA-C22.2. No. 231, MIL-T-28800E 1 .
Designed to UL1244.
Reliability: MIL-T-28800E 1 .
Maintainability: MIL-T-28800E 1 .
MTTR: <90 minutes (includes disassembly and assembly, excludes recalibration). MTTR is Mean Time To Repair.
MTBF, Estimated: >75,000 hours (Bellcore method). MTBF is Mean Time
Between Failure.
MTTC: <20 minutes for normal calibration. <6 minutes for AC self-calibration.
MTTC is Mean Time To Calibrate.
Process: MIL-STD 45662A and BS5750.
ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED
The unit is shipped with line cord, high performance modular test leads, user’s manual, option slot cover, and full calibration data. A personal computer startup package is available free.
Note 1: For MIL-T-28800E, applies to Type III, Class 5, Style E.
EXTENDED MEMORY / NON-VOLATILE MEMORY OPTIONS
MODEL
2001
2001/MEM1
2001/MEM2
SIZE
(Bytes)
8k
32k
128k
4 1 ⁄
2
-Digit
850
7,000
30,000
DATA STORAGE
6 1 ⁄
2
-Digit w/Time Stamp
250
1,400
6,000
Type
volatile non-volatile non-volatile
SETUP STORAGE
Number Type
1
5
10 non-volatile non-volatile non-volatile
Specifications subject to change without notice.
B
Calibration Programs
Introduction
This appendix includes programs written in QuickBASIC and Turbo C to aid you in calibrating the Model 2001. Programs include:
• Comprehensive calibration programs for use with any suitable calibrator.
• Comprehensive calibration programs for use with the
Fluke 5700A Calibrator.
• Low-level calibration programs for use with the Fluke
5700A Calibrator.
Refer to Section 2 for more details on calibration procedures.
QuickBASIC program requirements
In order to use the QuickBASIC programs, you will need the following:
• IBM PC, AT, or compatible computer.
• IOtech Personal488, CEC PC-488, or National Instruments PC-II or IIA IEEE-488 interface for the computer.
• Shielded IEEE-488 cable(s) (Keithley Model 7007).
• MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 3.3 or later.
• Microsoft QuickBASIC version 4.0 or later.
• IOtech Driver488 IEEE-488 bus driver, Rev. 2.3 or later. (NOTE: recent versions of Driver488 may not support other manufacturers’ interface cards).
Turbo C program requirements
In order to use the Turbo C programs, you will need the following:
• IBM PC, AT, or compatible computer.
• IOtech Personal488, CEC PC-488, or National Instruments PC-II or IIA IEEE-488 interface for the computer.
• Shielded IEEE-488 cable(s) (Keithley Model 7007).
• MS-DOS or PC-DOS version 3.3 or later.
• Borland Turbo C version 2.0 or later.
• IOtech Driver488 IEEE-488 bus driver, Rev. 2.3 or later. (NOTE: recent versions of Driver488 may not support other manufacturers’ interface cards).
Calibration equipment
Table B-1 summarizes recommended comprehensive calibration equipment, and Table B-1 summarizes test equipment required for low-level calibration.
B-1
Calibration Programs
Table B-1
Recommended equipment for comprehensive calibration
Mfg.
Model Description Specifications*
Fluke 5700A Calibrator ±5ppm basic uncertainty.
DC voltage:
2V: ±5ppm
20V: ±5ppm
Resistance:
19k
Ω
: ±11ppm
1M
Ω
: ±18ppm
Keithley 8610 Low-thermal Shorting Plug
* 90-day calibrator specifications shown include total uncertainty at specified output. The 2V output includes 0.5ppm transfer uncertainty.
Table B-1
Recommended equipment for low-level calibration
Mfg.
Model Description Specifications*
Fluke 5700A
3930A
8610
Calibrator
Synthesizer
Low-thermal Shorting Plug
±5ppm basic uncertainty.
DC voltage:
0V: ±0.75µV
-2V, +2V: ±5ppm
20V: ±5ppm
DC current:
200mA: ±65ppm
2A: ±90ppm
AC voltage:
0.5mV @ 1kHz: ±10000ppm
5mV @ 100kHz: ±2400ppm
200mV @ 1kHz: ±150ppm
1.5V @ 1kHz: ±80ppm
20V @ 1kHz: ±80ppm
20V @ 30kHz: ±140ppm
200V @ 1kHz: ±85ppm
200V @ 30kHz: ±240ppm
AC current:
20mA @ 1kHz: ±160ppm
Resistance:
19k
Ω
: ±11ppm
1M
Ω
: ±18ppm
2V rms @ 1Hz Keithley
Keithley
* 90-day calibrator specifications shown include total uncertainty at specified output. The ±2V output includes 0.5ppm transfer uncertainty.
B-2
Calibration Programs
General program instructions
1. With the power off, connect the Model 2001 to the
IEEE-488 interface of the computer. If you are using one of the programs that controls the Fluke 5700A calibrator, connect the calibrator to the IEEE-488 bus as well.
Be sure to use shielded IEEE-488 cables for bus connections.
2. Turn on the computer, the Model 2001, and the calibrator. Allow the Model 2001 to warm up for at least one hour before performing calibration.
3. Make sure the Model 2001 is set for a primary address of 16. You can check or change the address as follows:
A. Press MENU, select GPIB, then press ENTER.
B. Select MODE, then press ENTER.
C. Select ADDRESSABLE, and press ENTER.
D. If the address is set correctly, press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
E. To change the address, use the cursor keys to set the address to the desired value, then press ENTER.
Press EXIT as necessary to return to normal display.
4. If you are using the Fluke 5700A calibrator over the bus
(Program B-3 through Program B-6), make sure that the calibrator primary address is at its factory default setting of 4.
5. Make sure that the computer bus driver software is properly initialized.
6. Enter the QuickBASIC or Turbo C editor, and type in the desired program. Check thoroughly for errors, then save it using a convenient filename.
7. Compile and run the program, and follow the prompts on the screen to perform calibration.
Comprehensive calibration
Programs B-1 and B-2 will perform semi-automatic comprehensive calibration of the Model 2001 using any suitable calibrator (see Table B-1 for required calibrator specifications).
Programs B-3 and B-4 will perform comprehensive calibration almost fully automatically using the Fluke 5700A calibrator.
Figure B-1 shows low-thermal short connections, while Figure B-2 shows calibrator connections.
Low-level calibration
Programs B-5 and B-6 perform low-level calibration using the Fluke 5700A calibrator. Refer to Figure B-1 and B-3 for low-thermal short and calibrator voltage connections. Figure
B-4 shows calibrator current connections. Figure B-5 shows synthesizer connections necessary to supply the 2V AC @
1Hz signal.
NOTE
Low-level calibration is not normally required in the field unless the Model 2001 has been repaired.
Unlocking calibration
In order to unlock comprehensive calibration, briefly press in on the CAL switch with the power turned on. To unlock lowlevel calibration, press in and hold the CAL switch while turning on the power.
Model 2001
S+
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
INPUTS
LO
F
FRONT/REAR
CAL
R
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
HI
Model 8610
Low-thermal short
SLO
Figure B-1
Low-thermal short connections
B-3
Calibration Programs
Sense HI
Model 2001
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
2001 MULTIMETER
Ω
4 FREQ TEMP
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Input
LO
Sense LO
Sense HI
Output HI
Output
LO
Note : Use shielded cables to minimize noise.
Enable or disable calibrator external
sense as indicated in procedure. Use
internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure B-2
Calibration connection for comprehensive calibration
Sense LO
5700A Calibrator
Ground link installed.
5700A Calibrator
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
DCV ACV DCI ACI
2001 MULTIMETER
Ω
2
Ω
4 FREQ TEMP
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL
CHAN SCAN
FILTER MATH
CONFIG MENU EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
Input HI
Output HI
Input
LO
Output
LO
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure B-3
Calibration voltage connections
B-4
Calibration Programs
5700A Calibrator
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
Ω
SENSE
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG
INFO LOCAL
STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
CAL
Input
LO
Output HI
Amps
Output
LO
Ground link installed.
Note: Use internal Guard (EX GRD LED is off).
Figure B-4
Calibration current connections
Model 2001
PREV
DISPLAY
NEXT
POWER
SENSE
Ω
4 WIRE
HI
INPUT
350V
PEAK
1100V
PEAK
2001 MULTIMETER
DCV ACV DCI ACI
Ω
2
Ω
4
REL TRIG STORE RECALL FILTER MATH
INFO LOCAL CHAN SCAN CONFIG MENU
FREQ TEMP
EXIT ENTER
RANGE
AUTO
RANGE
F
INPUTS
LO
R
FRONT/REAR
CAL
2A 250V
AMPS
500V
PEAK
BNC-to-Dual
Banana Plug
Adapter
Model 3930A Synthesizer
3930A MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER
50
Ω
BNC Coaxial Cable
Figure B-5
Synthesizer connections
Function
Output
B-5
Calibration Programs
Program B-1
Comprehensive calibration program for use with any suitable calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
B-6
Program B-1 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with any suitable calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
Calibration Programs
B-7
Calibration Programs
Program B-2
Comprehensive calibration program for use with any suitable calibrator (Turbo C Version).
B-8
Program B-2 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with any suitable calibrator (Turbo C Version).
Calibration Programs
B-9
Calibration Programs
Program B-2 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with any suitable calibrator (Turbo C Version).
B-10
Program B-3
Comprehensive calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
Calibration Programs
B-11
Calibration Programs
Program B-3 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
B-12
Program B-3 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
Calibration Programs
B-13
Calibration Programs
Program B-4
Comprehensive calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
B-14
Program B-4 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
Calibration Programs
B-15
Calibration Programs
Program B-4 (continued)
Comprehensive calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
B-16
Program B-5
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
Calibration Programs
B-17
Calibration Programs
Program B-5 (continued)
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
B-18
Program B-5 (continued)
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
Calibration Programs
B-19
Calibration Programs
Program B-5 (continued)
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (QuickBASIC Version).
B-20
Program B-6
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
Calibration Programs
B-21
Calibration Programs
Program B-6 (continued)
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
B-22
Program B-6 (continued)
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
Calibration Programs
B-23
Calibration Programs
Program B-6 (continued)
Low-level calibration program for use with Fluke 5700A calibrator (Turbo C Version).
B-24
C
Calibration Messages
Introduction
This appendix lists all calibration errors that may occur during calibration as well as the :CAL:PROT:DATA? response.
Calibration data query response
Table C-2 lists the response to the :CAL:PROT:DATA? query. The response is an ASCII string of 99 numbers separated by commas, and is not affected by the FORMAT command. Constants listed in Table C-2 are shown in the order they are sent.
Error summary
Table C-1 summarizes Model 2001 calibration errors. The error string returned over the bus by the :SYST:ERR? query include the error ID code and message separated by a comma and the message surrounded by quotes. For example:
+438, “Date of calibration not set”
C-1
Calibration Messages
Table C-1
Calibration errors
Error ID code Error messages
+368
+369
+370
+371
+372
+373
+374
+375
+360
+361
+362
+363
+364
+365
+366
+367
0
-102
-113
-200
-221
-222
+353
+354
+355
+356
+357
+358
+359
+384
+385
+386
+387
+388
+389
+390
+391
+392
+393
+376
+377
+378
+379
+380
+381
+382
+383
No Error
Syntax error
Command header error
Execution error
Settings conflict
Parameter data out of range
200 mV gain out of spec
200 mV offset out of spec
2V gain out of spec
2 V offset out of spec
20 V gain out of spec
20 V offset out of spec
200 V gain out of spec
200 V offset out of spec
1000 V gain out of spec
1000 V offset out of spec
200 µA gain out of spec
200 µA offset out of spec
2 mA gain out of spec
2 mA offset out of spec
20 mA gain out of spec
20 mA offset out of spec
200 mA gain out of spec
200 mA offset out of spec
2 A gain out of spec
2 A offset out of spec
20 ohm 2w gain out of spec
20 ohm 2w offset out of spec
200 ohm 2w gain out of spec
200 ohm 2w offset out of spec
2 kohm 2w gain out of spec
2 kohm 2w offset out of spec
20 kohm 2w gain out of spec
20 kohm 2w offset out of spec
200 kohm 2w gain out of spec
200 kohm 2w offset out of spec
2 Mohm 2w gain out of spec
2 Mohm 2w offset out of spec
20 Mohm 2w gain out of spec
20 Mohm 2w offset out of spec
200 Mohm 2w gain out of spec
200 Mohm 2w offset out of spec
1 Gohm 2w gain out of spec
1 Gohm 2w offset out of spec
20 ohm 4w gain out of spec
20 ohm 4w offset out of spec
200 ohm 4w gain out of spec
Table C-1 (continued)
Calibration errors
Error ID code Error messages
+415
+416
+417
+418
+419
+420
+421
+422
+407
+408
+409
+410
+411
+412
+413
+414
+394
+395
+396
+397
+398
+399
+400
+401
+402
+403
+404
+405
+406
+431
+432
+433
+434
+435
+436
+437
+438
+439
+440
+423
+424
+425
+426
+427
+428
+429
+430
200 ohm 4w offset out of spec
2 kohm 4w gain out of spec
2 kohm 4w offset out of spec
20 kohm 4w gain out of spec
20 kohm 4w offset out of spec
200 kohm 4w gain out of spec
200 kohm 4w offset out of spec
2 Mohm 4w gain out of spec
2 Mohm 4w offset out of spec
7 V ref out of spec
DCV rollover out of spec x1 rms gain out of spec x1 rms offset out of spec x10 rms gain out of spec x10 rms offset out of spec x1 fwr gain out of spec x1 fwr offset out of spec x10 fwr gain out of spec x10 fwr offset out of spec d100 atten out of spec d500 atten out of spec
Pos x10 peak offset out of spec
Neg x10 peak offset out of spec x1 peak offset out of spec
Pos 20V peak offset out of spec
Neg 20V peak offset out of spec d100 self cal DAC out of spec d500 self cal DAC out of spec x10 noise factor out of spec x1 cfc out of spec x10 cfc out of spec
Low V coupling fact out of spec
High V coupling fact out of spec
Input time constant out of spec
Curr coupling fact out of spec
Comparator DAC out of spec d100 div DAC out of spec
200 V div DAC out of spec d500 div DAC out of spec d100 div DAC offset out of spec
200 V div DAC offset out of spec d500 div DAC offset out of spec d100 div cal did not converge d500 div cal did not converge
Date of calibration not set
Next date of calibration not set
Calibration process not completed
C-2
Calibration Messages
Table C-2
Calibration constants returned by :CAL:PROT:DATA? Query
Constant
div200off div500off dcv[200mV]gain dcv[200mV]offset dcv[2V]gain dcv[2V]offset dcv[20V]gain dcv[20V]offset dcv[200V]gain dcv[200V]offset dcv[1000V]gain dcv[1000V]offset dca[200uA]gain dca[200uA]offset dca[2mA]gain dca[2mA]offset dca[20mA]gain dca[20mA]offset dca[200mA]gain dca[200mA]offset dca[2A]gain dca[2A]offset ofpkpos20 ofpkneg20 div100self div500self noise10 cfc1 cfc10 acdclow acdchigh inputtc acdccur compval1 div100 div200 div500 div100off g1 of1 g10 of10 gfwr1 offwr1 gfwr10 offwr10 a100 a500 ofpkpos10 ofpkneg10 ofpk1
Description
RMS gain for 2V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
RMS offset for 2V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
RMS gain for 200mV and 20V AC ranges
RMS offset for 200mV and 20V AC ranges
Average gain for 2V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
Average offset for 2V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
Average gain for 200mV and 20V AC ranges
Average offset for 200mV and 20V AC ranges
100:1 divider attenuation factor
500:1 divider attenuation factor
Positive peak offset for 200mV AC range
Negative peak offset for 200mV AC range
Positive and negative peak offset for 2V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
Positive peak offset for 20V AC range
Negative peak offset for 20V AC range
Self-calibration code for frequency compensation DAC, 100:1 divider
Self-calibration code for frequency compensation DAC, 500:1 divider
Noise factor for 200mV and 20V AC ranges
Crest factor correction factor for 2V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
Crest factor correction factor for 200mV and 20V AC ranges
AC-coupled correction factor for 200mV and 2V AC ranges
AC-coupled correction factor for 20V, 200V, and 750V AC ranges
Input time constant
AC-coupled correction factor for AC current
RMS comparator DAC code
Frequency-compensation DAC code for 20V AC range
Frequency-compensation DAC code for 200V AC range
Frequency-compensation DAC code for 750V AC range
Frequency-compensation DAC offset for 20V AC range
Frequency compensation DAC offset for 200V AC range
Frequency compensation DAC offset for 750V AC range
200mV DC gain
200mV DC offset
2V DC gain
2V DC offset
20V DC gain
20V DC offset
200V DC gain
200V DC offset
100V DC gain
1000V DC offset
200µA DC gain
200µA DC offet
2mA DC gain
2mA DC offset
20mA DC gain
20mA DC offset
200mA DC gain
200mA DC offset
2A DC gain
2A DC offset
C-3
Calibration Messages
Table C-2 (continued)
Calibration constants returned by :CAL:PROT:DATA? Query
rollover mux4d711 mux4d711p5 mux4d215 mux4d011 mux4d015 mux4d0150 mux4d011p5 mux4dF150 mux4dF15 i20 i200 i2k i20k i200k i2m i20m i200m i1g ohm2[20]gain ohm2[20]offset ohm2[200]gain ohm2[200]offset ohm2[2k]gain ohm2[2k]offset ohm2[20k]gain ohm2[20k]offset ohm2[200k]gain ohm2[200k]offset ohm2[2M]gain ohm2[2M]offset ohm2[20M]gain ohm2[20M]offset ohm2[200M]gain ohm2[200M]offset ohm2[1G]gain ohm2[1G]offset ohm4[20]gain ohm4[20]offset ohm4[200]gain ohm4[200]offset ohm4[2k]gain ohm4[2k]offset ohm4[20k]gain ohm4[20k]offset ohm4[200k]gain ohm4[200k]offset n7vref
Constant Description
2-wire 20
2-wire 20
Ω
Ω
2-wire 200
gain
offset
Ω
2-wire 200
2-wire 2k
2-wire 2k
Ω
Ω
Ω
gain
offset
gain
2-wire 20k
offset
Ω
Ω
gain
2-wire 20k
2-wire 200k
offset
Ω
2-wire 200k
Ω
gain
offset
2-wire 2M
2-wire 2M
Ω
Ω
gain
2-wire 20M
2-wire 20M
offset
Ω
Ω
gain
2-wire 200M
offset
Ω
2-wire 200M
Ω
gain
offset
2-wire 1G
Ω
2-wire 1G
Ω
gain
offset
4-wire 20
4-wire 20
Ω
Ω
4-wire 200
gain
offset
Ω
4-wire 200
4-wire 2k
4-wire 2k
Ω
Ω
Ω
gain
offset
gain
4-wire 20k
offset
Ω
Ω
gain
4-wire 20k
4-wire 200k
offset
Ω
4-wire 200k
Ω
gain
offset
7V reference value
±2V rollover
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
Multiplexer 4-1/2 digit counts (AC peak)
20
Ω
200
range current source value
Ω
range current source value
2k
Ω
20k
range current source value
Ω
200k
range current source value
Ω
range current source value
2M
Ω
20M
200M
1G
range current source value
Ω
range current source value
Ω
range current source value
Ω
range current source value
NOTE: All values are expressed in NR3 format (floating point with exponent). Constants are listed in order transmitted and are separated by commas.
C-4
D
Alternate Calibration Sources
Introduction
As stated in Sections 1 and 2, the Fluke 5700A Calibrator is the calibration source recommended for both performance verification and calibration. Table D-1 summarizes alternate calibration equipment that may be substituted for the recom-
Table D-1
Alternate calibration sources
mended Model 5700A. Note, however, that the alternate equipment may not be as precise for certain calibration values. Refer to the manufacturers’ specifications for more detailed information.
Manufacturer and Model
Fluke 5440B Direct Voltage Calibrator
Fluke 5450B Resistance Calibration
Fluke 5200A Precision Alternating Voltage Calibrator
Datron 4808 Multifunction Calibrator
(Options 10, 20, 30, 40, 50)
Function(s)
DCV
Ohms
ACV
DCV, ACV, DCI, ACI,
Ohms
Comparison to
5700A uncertainty
Equivalent
Equivalent
Less precise
Similar
D-1
Alternate Calibration Source
D-2
Service Form
Model No.
Name and Telephone No.
Company
Serial No.
List all control settings, describe problem and check boxes that apply to problem.
Date
❏
Intermittent
❏
❏
IEEE failure
Front panel operational
❏
Analog output follows display
❏
❏
Obvious problem on power-up
All ranges or functions are bad
❏
Particular range or function bad; specify
❏
❏
Batteries and fuses are OK
Checked all cables
Display or output (check one)
❏
❏
❏
Drifts
Unstable
Overload
❏
❏
Unable to zero
Will not read applied input
❏
❏
Calibration only
Data required
❏
CertiÞcate of calibration required
(attach any additional sheets as necessary)
Show a block diagram of your measurement system including all instruments connected (whether power is turned on or not).
Also, describe signal source.
Where is the measurement being performed? (factory, controlled laboratory, out-of-doors, etc.)
What power line voltage is used?
Ambient temperature?
Relative humidity?
Other?
Any additional information. (If special modiÞcations have been made by the user, please describe.)
Be sure to include your name and phone number on this service form
.
°F
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
All Keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of Keithley Instruments, Inc. All other trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, Ohio 44139 • 440-248-0400 • Fax: 440-248-6168
1-888-KEITHLEY (534-8453) • www.keithley.com
Sales Offices: BELGIUM:
CHINA:
Bergensesteenweg 709 • B-1600 Sint-Pieters-Leeuw • 02-363 00 40 • Fax: 02/363 00 64
Yuan Chen Xin Building, Room 705 • 12 Yumin Road, Dewai, Madian • Beijing 100029 • 8610-6202-2886 • Fax: 8610-6202-2892
FINLAND:
FRANCE:
Tietäjäntie 2 • 02130 Espoo • Phone: 09-54 75 08 10 • Fax: 09-25 10 51 00
3, allée des Garays • 91127 Palaiseau Cédex • 01-64 53 20 20 • Fax: 01-60 11 77 26
GERMANY: Landsberger Strasse 65 • 82110 Germering • 089/84 93 07-40 • Fax: 089/84 93 07-34
GREAT BRITAIN: Unit 2 Commerce Park, Brunel Road • Theale • Berkshire RG7 4AB • 0118 929 7500 • Fax: 0118 929 7519
INDIA:
ITALY:
Flat 2B, Willocrissa • 14, Rest House Crescent • Bangalore 560 001 • 91-80-509-1320/21 • Fax: 91-80-509-1322
Viale San Gimignano, 38 • 20146 Milano • 02-48 39 16 01 • Fax: 02-48 30 22 74
KOREA: FL., URI Building • 2-14 Yangjae-Dong • Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-130 • 82-2-574-7778 • Fax: 82-2-574-7838
NETHERLANDS: Postbus 559 • 4200 AN Gorinchem • 0183-635333 • Fax: 0183-630821
SWEDEN: c/o Regus Business Centre • Frosundaviks Allé 15, 4tr • 169 70 Solna • 08-509 04 679 • Fax: 08-655 26 10
SWITZERLAND: Kriesbachstrasse 4 • 8600 Dübendorf • 01-821 94 44 • Fax: 01-820 30 81
TAIWAN: 1FL., 85 Po Ai Street • Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. • 886-3-572-9077• Fax: 886-3-572-9031
© Copyright 2001 Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Printed in the U.S.A.
11/01
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Key features
- High accuracy
- Wide range of measurement functions
- Easy-to-read display
- Variety of features for ease of use
- High reliability
- Ideal for demanding applications