RealView Developer Kit for Philips Getting Started

RealView Developer Kit for Philips
®
Version 2.2
Getting Started Guide
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
RealView Developer Kit for Philips
Getting Started Guide
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Release Information
The following changes have been made to this book.
Change History
Date
Issue
Change
July 2005
A
RVDK v2.2 for Philips (MCU) release
Proprietary Notice
Words and logos marked with ® or ™ are registered trademarks or trademarks owned by ARM Limited. Other
brands and names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
Neither the whole nor any part of the information contained in, or the product described in, this document
may be adapted or reproduced in any material form except with the prior written permission of the copyright
holder.
The product described in this document is subject to continuous developments and improvements. All
particulars of the product and its use contained in this document are given by ARM in good faith. However,
all warranties implied or expressed, including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability, or
fitness for purpose, are excluded.
This document is intended only to assist the reader in the use of the product. ARM Limited shall not be liable
for any loss or damage arising from the use of any information in this document, or any error or omission in
such information, or any incorrect use of the product.
Confidentiality Status
This document is Non-Confidential. The right to use, copy and disclose this document may be subject to
license restrictions in accordance with the terms of the agreement entered into by ARM and the party that
ARM delivered this document to.
Product Status
The information in this document is final, that is for a developed product.
Web Address
http://www.arm.com
ii
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Contents
RealView Developer Kit for Philips Getting
Started Guide
Preface
About this book .............................................................................................. vi
Feedback ..................................................................................................... viii
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1
1.2
1.3
Chapter 2
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView
ICE Micro Edition
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
Chapter 3
ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF format ...........................................................
RealView Compilation Tools v2.2 ...............................................................
RealView Debugger v1.8 ............................................................................
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1 ................................................................
2-2
2-3
2-6
2-9
RealView Debugger Desktop
3.1
3.2
3.3
ARM DUI 0308A
RealView Developer Kit components .......................................................... 1-2
RealView Developer Kit licensing ............................................................... 1-6
RealView Developer Kit documentation ...................................................... 1-8
Basic elements of the desktop .................................................................... 3-2
Finding options on the main menu ............................................................ 3-14
Working with the Code window toolbars ................................................... 3-17
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
iii
Contents
3.4
Chapter 4
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
Appendix A
Working in the Code window .................................................................... 3-21
Using the example projects ........................................................................ 4-2
RealView ICE Micro Edition Connection Sequence ................................... 4-3
Starting and Exiting RealView Debugger ................................................... 4-4
Opening an existing RealView Debugger project ....................................... 4-5
Changing your target board/chip definition ................................................. 4-6
Connecting to your target ........................................................................... 4-7
Loading an image ready for debugging ...................................................... 4-8
Unloading an image .................................................................................. 4-10
Running the image ................................................................................... 4-11
Basic debugging tasks with RealView Debugger ..................................... 4-12
Building and rebuilding an image with RealView Debugger ..................... 4-19
Help on creating RealView Debugger projects ......................................... 4-20
Getting started with the compilation tools ................................................. 4-25
Using the armenv Tool
A.1
A.2
About the armenv tool ................................................................................ A-2
Using the armenv tool ................................................................................. A-3
Glossary
iv
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Preface
This preface introduces the RealView® Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips. It contains the
following sections:
•
About this book on page vi
•
Feedback on page viii.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
v
Preface
About this book
This book provides an overview of the RealView® Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips tools
and documentation.
Intended audience
This book is written for all developers who are producing applications using RealView
Developer Kit (RVDK). It assumes that you are an experienced software developer, but
may not necessarily be familiar with RVDK and its component products.
Using this book
This book is organized into the following chapters:
Chapter 1 Introduction
Read this chapter for an introduction to RVDK v2.2.
Chapter 2 Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE
Micro Edition
Read this chapter for a description of the major features of the RVDK
v2.2 compilation tools, debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition.
Chapter 3 RealView Debugger Desktop
Read this chapter for a detailed description of the contents of the
RealView Debugger desktop.
Chapter 4 Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
Read this chapter for a high-level summary of the tasks involved in using
the RVDK debugger and compilation tools.
Appendix A Using the armenv Tool
Read this appendix for a description of how to manage your ARM
RealView product installations.
Glossary
An alphabetically arranged glossary defines the special terms used in this
book.
Typographical conventions
The following typographical conventions are used in this book:
italic
vi
Highlights important notes, introduces special terminology,
denotes internal cross-references, and citations.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Preface
bold
Highlights interface elements, such as menu names. Denotes
ARM® processor signal names. Also used for terms in descriptive
lists, where appropriate.
monospace
Denotes text that can be entered at the keyboard, such as
commands, file and program names, and source code.
monospace
Denotes a permitted abbreviation for a command or option. The
underlined text can be entered instead of the full command or
option name.
monospace italic
Denotes arguments to commands and functions where the
argument is to be replaced by a specific value.
monospace bold
Denotes language keywords when used outside example code.
Further reading
This section lists publications from ARM Limited that provide additional information
on developing code for the ARM family of processors.
ARM Limited periodically provides updates and corrections to its documentation. See
http://www.arm.com for current errata sheets, addenda, and the ARM Frequently Asked
Questions.
ARM Limited publications
This book contains general information about RVDK. Other publications included in
the suite are:
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide (ARM DUI 0281)
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries Guide (ARM DUI 0282)
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Assembler Guide (ARM DUI 0283)
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Command Line Reference (ARM DUI 0284)
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide (ARM DUI 0285)
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Project Management Guide (ARM DUI 0291).
•
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1 User Guide (ARM DUI 0220).
The following additional documentation is provided with RVDK:
•
ARM DUI 0308A
ARM FLEXlm License Management Guide (ARM DUI 0209).
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
vii
Preface
Feedback
ARM Limited welcomes feedback on both this toolkit and its documentation.
Feedback on this toolkit
If you have any problems with RealView Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips, contact your
supplier. To help them provide a rapid and useful response, give:
•
your name and company
•
the serial number of the product
•
details of the release you are using
•
details of the platform you are running on, such as the hardware platform,
operating system type and version
•
a small standalone sample of code that reproduces the problem
•
a clear explanation of what you expected to happen, and what actually happened
•
the commands you used, including any command-line options
•
sample output illustrating the problem
•
the version string of the tool, including the version number and date.
Feedback on this book
If you notice any errors or omissions in this book, send email to [email protected] giving:
•
the document title
•
the document number
•
the page number(s) to which your comments apply
•
a concise explanation of the problem.
General suggestions for additions and improvements are also welcome.
viii
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter introduces RealView® Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips and describes the
component products and documentation. It contains the following sections:
•
RealView Developer Kit components on page 1-2
•
RealView Developer Kit licensing on page 1-6
•
RealView Developer Kit documentation on page 1-8.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
1-1
Introduction
1.1
RealView Developer Kit components
RVDK consists of a suite of tools, together with supporting documentation and
examples, that enable you to write, build, and debug applications for your ARM
architecture-based RISC processors.
RVDK supports the compilation of C and C++ (if licensed) source files, and the use of
the architectures and processors listed below:
•
4T
•
5T
•
5TE
•
5TEJ
•
ARM720T
•
ARM7TDMI
•
ARM920T
•
ARM922T
•
ARM926EJ-S
•
ARM940T
•
ARM946E-S
•
ARM966E-S
•
ARM9E-S
•
ARM9EJ-S
•
ARM9TDMI
RVDK supports the debugging of single processor systems only. RVDK is supported on
Windows 2000 and Windows XP Professional operating systems only.
Note
The processors and architectures supported depend on which version of RVDK you are
using. See Table 1-4 on page 1-7.
1-2
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Introduction
Table 1-1 lists the components of RVDK v2.2, and the ARM product that is used to
implement each component.
Table 1-1 RVDK component products
Component
ARM Product
Compilation tools
RealView Compilation Tools v2.2
Debugger
RealView Debugger v1.8 on page 1-4
Debug agent
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1 on page 1-5
Project manager
RealView Debugger v1.8 (see Project Manager on page 2-7)
The examples in the RVDK documentation do not refer specifically to your board
details, but use a fictitious board to demonstrate the tasks you can perform (see Names
used in the debugger documentation examples on page 1-5).
Also, the RVDK documentation refers to ARM architectures and processors that might
not be supported with your version of RVDK.
Example source code and build files are provided with RVDK that demonstrate how to
use the RVDK tools (see RVDK example projects on page 1-5 and Using the example
projects on page 4-2).
1.1.1
RealView Compilation Tools v2.2
You can use RealView Compilation Tools v2.2 to build C, C++ (if licensed), or ARM
assembly language programs. See Getting started with the compilation tools on
page 4-25 for an introduction on using the compilation tools.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
1-3
Introduction
RVCT short path names
The RVCT short path names shown in Table 1-2 are used throughout the RVCT
documentation. The install_directory shown is the default installation directory. If
you specified a different installation directory, then the path names are relative to your
chosen directory.
Table 1-2 RVCT short path names
1.1.2
Short name
Default Directory
install_directory
C:\Program Files\ARM
program_directory
install_directory\RVCT\Programs\2.2\build_num\phil_mcu\
win_32-pentium
includes_directory
install_directory\RVCT\Data\2.2\build_num\include\windows
examples_directory
install_directory\RVDK\Examples\2.2\build_num\windows
RealView Debugger v1.8
RealView Debugger v1.8, together with RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1, enables you
to debug your embedded application programs and have complete control over the flow
of the program execution so that you can quickly isolate and correct errors. For a
description of the basic tasks you can do with RealView Debugger, see Chapter 4
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit.
RealView Debugger short path names
The RealView Debugger short path names shown in Table 1-3 are used throughout the
debugger documentation. The install_directory shown is the default installation
directory. If you specified a different installation directory, then the path names are
relative to your chosen directory.
Table 1-3 RealView Debugger short path names
1-4
Short name
Default Directory
install_directory
C:\Program Files\ARM
program_directory
install_directory\RVD\Core\1.8\build_num\phil_mcu\win_32-pentium
examples_directory
install_directory\RVDK\Examples\2.2\build_num\windows
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Introduction
1.1.3
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1, together with your target board and RealView
Debugger v1.8, enables you to develop and debug your embedded applications.
1.1.4
RVDK example projects
Example projects are provided with RVDK but have not been specifically modified for
the target boards supported by this toolkit, and include:
•
Projects that are located in the directory:
install_directory\RVDK\Examples\2.2\build_num\windows
You can open these example projects directly from the Windows Start menu:
Programs → ARM → RealView Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips → Examples
Note
If you are using the default Windows XP settings, select All Programs.
Whenever the Examples option is selected from the Start menu as described, a
window displays to show the folders in which your example projects are located.
To build these projects, see Building and rebuilding an image with RealView
Debugger on page 4-19.
1.1.5
Names used in the debugger documentation examples
Many of the examples in the debugger documentation do not refer to a specific board or
debug target, but use the following names:
RVI-ME is used as an example access-provider connection
•
•
MCUeval is used as an example board file name
ARM946E-S is used as an example chip name
•
ARM946E-S_0 is used as an example debug target processor name.
•
When working through the examples, substitute the names that appear in your
RealView Debugger interface.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
1-5
Introduction
1.2
RealView Developer Kit licensing
This RVDK is customized to have individual limitations and restrictions, implemented
using two separate licensing mechanisms:
•
RealView ICE Micro Edition (RVI-ME) hardware license
•
FLEXlm software license
Both the RVI-ME and the FLEXlm license must be present in order for RVDK
components to be used. For further information on FLEXlm, refer to the ARM FLEXlm
License Management Guide.
RVDK components include RealView Compilation Tools, RealView Debugger and
RVI-ME. RVD contains no pre-configured connections. You must therefore configure
RVD yourself before you can connect to your target. To configure your connection, see
Connecting to your target on page 4-7.
All versions of RVDK have the following limitations:
•
The RVI-ME provided with RVDK is compatible with all versions of RVDK
shown in Table 1-4 on page 1-7. It cannot, however, be used with other products.
•
The RVI-ME must be connected to a board containing a permitted ARM
processor. Each version of RVDK is designed to be used only with a particular
processor, or range of processors, as detailed in RealView Developer Kit
components on page 1-2.
•
FLEXlm licenses for this RVDK are supplied only as node-locked licenses. This
means you can only use RVDK on one specific system.
Note
Both the RVI-ME (hardware) and the FLEXlm (software) licenses must be present in
order for the debugger to operate.
The compiler requires the RealView ICE Micro Edition (RVI-ME) that is supplied with
your copy of RVDK to be plugged into the USB port of your computer in order to work.
The compiler does not operate if the correct RVI-ME is not detected.
The debugger will only work if the RVI-ME connection is to a processor that is
permitted to be used with the toolkit. See RealView Developer Kit licensing on page 1-6.
The available versions of this RVDK are described in Table 1-4 on page 1-7.
1-6
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Introduction
Table 1-4 RVDK versions
ARM Compiler
maximum optimization
level
Linked image
maximum
size
RVDK v2.2 for Philips
Evaluation Edition 32K
O3
32KB
Approx. 25KB per
second
(25% of max. speed)
Unlimited
RVDK v2.2 for Philips
Evaluation Edition 64K
O3
64KB
Approx. 25KB per
second
(25% of max. speed)
Unlimited
RVDK v2.2 for Philips
Basic Edition for:
•
ARM7™
•
ARM9™
•
ARM7 and ARM9
O1
None
Approx. 25KB per
second
(25% of max. speed)
1 year
RVDK v2.2 for Philips
Developer Edition for:
•
ARM7
•
ARM9
•
ARM7 and ARM9
O3
None
Min. 100KB per
second (max. speed)
Unlimited
RVDK version
ARM DUI 0308A
Download speed
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Expiry
period
1-7
Introduction
1.3
RealView Developer Kit documentation
See the Further Reading sections in each book for related publications from ARM, and
from third parties.
1.3.1
Getting more information
The full RVDK documentation suite is available as PDF files.
To view the PDF files, select the following from the Windows Start menu:
Programs → ARM → RealView Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips → PDF
Documentation
Note
If you are using the default Windows XP settings, select All Programs.
The PDF files are installed in the following directories:
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 compilation tools and debugger documentation:
install_directory\Documentation\RVDK\2.2\release\windows\PDF
•
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1 documentation:
install_directory\Documentation\RVDK\2.2\release\windows\PDF.
Rogue Wave C++ library manuals
If required, the manuals for the Rogue Wave C++ library are provided with RVDK in
HTML files. To view these manuals, enter the following location in a web browser, such
as Netscape Communicator or Internet Explorer:
install_directory\Documentation\RogueWave\1.0\release\stdref\index.htm
1-8
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Chapter 2
Features of the Compilation Tools, the
Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
This chapter describes the features of the RVDK compilation tools, the debugger, and
the debug target hardware. It contains the following sections:
•
ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF format on page 2-2
•
RealView Compilation Tools v2.2 on page 2-3
•
RealView Debugger v1.8 on page 2-6
•
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1 on page 2-9.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
2-1
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
2.1
ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF format
The ARM® Toolkit Proprietary ELF (ATPE) format is supported only by the RVDK for
Philips compilation tools and debugger. The objects and images produced by the
compilation tools cannot be used by other toolchains. ATPE images can only be loaded
to a debug target using the RealView Debugger that is provided with RVDK for Philips.
2-2
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
2.2
RealView Compilation Tools v2.2
This section describes the RealView Compilation Tools v2.2 (RVCT). It comprises build
tools and utilities, together with supporting documentation and examples.
You can use RVCT to build C, C++, or ARM assembly language programs into
applications that run on your ARM architecture-based RISC processors.
Compilation tools feature restrictions apply to both the command line of the tool and to
#pragma entities.
The compilation tools are restricted to generate little endian code for the ARM720T™,
ARM7TDMI®, ARM920T™, ARM922T™, ARM926EJ-S™, ARM940T™,
ARM946E-S™, ARM966E-S™, ARM9E-S™, ARM9EJ-S™ and ARM9TDMI®
processors, and the 4T, 5T, 5TE and 5TEJ architectures. The only supported
floating-point models are --fpu softvfp (default) and --fpu none.
2.2.1
Components of RVCT
The RVCT consists of the following major components:
•
Compilation tools
•
Utilities on page 2-4
•
Supporting software on page 2-5.
Compilation tools
The following compilation tools are provided:
The ARM and Thumb® C and C++ compiler. The compiler is tested
against the Plum Hall C Validation Suite for ISO conformance. It
compiles:
•
ISO C source into 32-bit ARM code
•
ISO C++ source into 32-bit ARM code
•
ISO C source into 16-bit Thumb code
•
ISO C++ source into 16-bit Thumb code.
armcc
armcc creates only ATPE format objects.
ARM DUI 0308A
armasm
The ARM and Thumb assembler. This assembles both ARM assembly
language and Thumb assembly language source. armasm creates only
ATPE format objects.
armlink
The ARM linker. This combines the contents of one or more object files
with selected parts of one or more object libraries to produce an
executable program. The ARM linker creates ATPE executable images.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
2-3
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
Rogue Wave C++ library
The Rogue Wave library provides an implementation of the standard C++
library as defined in the ISO/IEC 14822:1998 International Standard for
C++. For more information on the Rogue Wave library, see the online
HTML documentation on the CDROM.
support libraries
The ARM C libraries provide additional components to enable support
for C++ and to compile code for different architectures and processors.
Utilities
The following utility tools are provided to support the main development tools:
fromELF
The ARM image conversion utility. This accepts ATPE input files and
converts them to a variety of output formats, including:
•
plain binary
•
Motorola 32-bit S-record format
•
Intel Hex 32 format
•
Verilog-like hex format.
fromELF can translate ATPE images into formats suitable for
FLASH/ROM programmers. Apart from this, it cannot translate ATPE
objects or images into formats suitable for use by other versions of the
ARM toolchains.
fromELF can also generate text information about the input image, such as
code and data size.
This toolkit version of fromELF does not support certain features,
compared with the full fromELF. See the chapter on using fromELF in
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide for more
information.
armar
The ARM librarian enables sets of ATPE object files to be collected
together and maintained in libraries. You can pass such a library to the
linker in place of several ATPE files.
Supported standards
The industry standards supported by RVCT include:
2-4
ar
UNIX-style archive files are supported by armar.
DWARF2
DWARF2 debug tables are supported by the compiler, linker, and
RealView Debugger.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
ISO C
The ARM compiler accepts ISO C as input. The option --strict can be
used to enforce strict ISO compliance.
ISO C++
The ARM compiler supports the full ISO C++ language.
ABI for the ARM Architecture
The Application Binary Interface for the ARM Architecture (ABI for the
ARM Architecture). For more details, see http://www.arm.com. RVDK
generates ATPE objects, which are not ABI-compliant. RVDK can
consume both ATPE objects and ABI-compliant ELF objects.
Supporting software
To debug your programs with RealView ICE Micro Edition connected to your
evaluation board, use RealView Debugger.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
2-5
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
2.3
RealView Debugger v1.8
This section describes the features available in RealView Debugger v1.8. It contains the
following sections:
•
RealView Debugger concepts and terminology
•
OS awareness on page 2-7
•
Extended Target Visibility (ETV) on page 2-7
•
Project Manager on page 2-7
•
RealView Debugger downloads on page 2-8
•
RTOS support on page 2-8.
Note
RealView Debugger can load ATPE format images generated by armlink, flash/ROM
images generated by fromELF, or third-party ELF images. The debugger will only work
when connected to a permitted processor, using the RVI-ME provided with RVDK.
Refer to RealView Developer Kit licensing on page 1-6 for further information.
The debugger can be used with a single processor only.
2.3.1
RealView Debugger concepts and terminology
The following terminology is used throughout the RVDK documentation suite to
describe debugging concepts:
Debug target
A piece of hardware or simulator that runs your application program. A
hardware debug target might be a single processor, or a development
board containing a number of processors. However, if you have a
multiprocessor board, you can only connect to one processor at a time.
Connection The link between RealView Debugger and the debug target.
Project
2-6
A project is the highest level structural element that you can use to
organize your source files and determine their output. You can use
RealView Debugger to:
•
create a range of software projects using predefined templates
included in the root installation
•
access image-related settings through auto-projects
•
view and change project properties
•
define different build target configurations
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
RTOS
•
set up a project environment automatically when the workspace
opens
•
open projects automatically when you connect to a specified debug
target.
Operating systems provide software support for application programs
running on a target. Real Time Operating Systems (RTOSs) are operating
systems that are designed for systems that interact with real-world
activities where time is critical.
Multithreaded operation
RTOS processes can share the memory of the processor so that each can
share all the data and code of the others. These are called threads.
RealView Debugger enables you to:
2.3.2
•
attach Code windows to threads to monitor one or more threads
•
select individual threads to display the registers, variables, and
code related to that thread
•
change the register and variable values for individual threads.
OS awareness
RealView Debugger v1.8 enables you to:
•
use RTOS debug including Halted System Debug (HSD)
•
interrogate and display resources after execution has halted
•
access semaphores and queues
•
view the status of the current thread or other threads
•
customize views of application threads.
2.3.3
Extended Target Visibility (ETV)
RealView Debugger v1.8 provides visibility of targets such as boards and SoC. You can
configure targets using board-chip definition files and preconfigured files are available:
•
ARM family files provided as part of the installation
•
customer/partner board files provided through ARM web resources at
http://www.arm.com.
2.3.4
Project Manager
RealView Debugger v1.8 is a fully-featured Integrated Development Environment
(IDE) including a project manager and build system.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
2-7
Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
2.3.5
RealView Debugger downloads
ARM provides a range of services to support developers using RealView Debugger.
Among the downloads available are enhanced support for different hardware platforms
through technical information and board description files. See http://www.arm.com to
access these resources.
2.3.6
BCD Files
The debugger contains BCD files for a number of Philips MCUs. The actual files will
vary between versions of RVDK. Refer to RealView Developer Kit licensing on
page 1-6 for information on supported MCUs and available versions of RVDK.
2.3.7
RTOS support
You must obtain the RealView Debugger support package for the RTOS you are using
before you can use this extension. Select Goto RealView RTOS Awareness
Downloads from the Code window Help menu for information on how to do this.
The RTOS support chapter in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
shows how to use the thread drop-down list in the Code window and the additional tabs
available in the Resource Viewer window. Using these facilities, you can:
•
attach and detach threads to Code windows, enabling you to monitor one or more
threads in the system
•
select individual threads to display the registers, variables, and code related to that
thread
•
change the register and variable values for individual threads.
Note
It is recommended that you read the section on Using RealView Debugger RTOS
support in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide before attempting to
debug an RTOS using RealView Debugger. This section provides two examples of
debugging an RTOS, and assumes you have experience with using RealView Debugger
only for single-threaded programs.
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Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
2.4
RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1
RealView ICE Micro Edition is provided to enable you to debug software running on
the development boards supported by RVDK. It communicates through the
EmbeddedICE logic contained in the related processors.
See the RealView ICE Micro Edition v1.1 User Guide for more details on using and
configuring RVI-ME.
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Features of the Compilation Tools, the Debugger, and RealView ICE Micro Edition
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Chapter 3
RealView Debugger Desktop
This chapter describes, in detail, the RealView® Debugger desktop. It describes the
contents of the default Code window, and explains how to change them. This chapter
describes items and options available from the main menu and the toolbars.
It contains the following sections:
•
Basic elements of the desktop on page 3-2
•
Finding options on the main menu on page 3-14
•
Working with the Code window toolbars on page 3-17
•
Working in the Code window on page 3-21.
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3-1
RealView Debugger Desktop
3.1
Basic elements of the desktop
This section describes the default Windows desktop that you see when you run
RealView Debugger for the first time after installation and highlights any key features
that might be different. It contains the following sections:
•
Splash screen
•
Code window on page 3-3
•
Default pane configuration on page 3-5
•
Debug views and panes on page 3-7
•
Pane controls on page 3-9
•
Button toolbars on page 3-11
•
Color Box on page 3-12
•
Other window elements on page 3-12.
3.1.1
Splash screen
When you start RealView Debugger, the RealView Debugger splash screen is
displayed. During this time, the debugger is checking your environment and creating (or
updating) configuration files and a working directory.
Use the -nologo flag to run RealView Debugger from the command line without a
splash screen.
3-2
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3.1.2
Code window
When you run RealView Debugger for the first time after installation, the RealView
Debugger Code window appears as shown in Figure 3-1.
When you exit RealView Debugger, it remembers the configuration of the panes or
views by saving the current state in your workspace.
Color Box
Title bar
Main menu
Toolbars
Debug
controls
Image
controls
Connect
controls
File Editor pane
Build
controls
Side pane
Output pane
Pane
title bar
Command line
Status
line
Processor
Status
Cursor location field
Log, Journal,
and STDIOlog
status
Figure 3-1 Default Code window
The Code window is your main debugging and editing window. The contents of this
window change as you:
•
connect to targets
•
load and unload application programs or files
•
configure and customize your working environment.
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RealView Debugger Desktop
The appearance of the Code window also depends on your licenses. For example, the
base product enables you to debug your images in single connection mode, that is,
where there is only one connection.
Title bar
The Code window title bar gives details of the current project, the current connection,
and any processes running on your debug target. In addition to the application icon, the
title bar contains (from left to right):
RVDEBUG
Identifies the Code window. This changes as you open new windows, for
example RVDEBUG_1, or RVDEBUG_2.
(project)
The project associated with the image that you loaded.
In RealView Debugger, a project can be associated with a connection,
that is it is bound to that connection. This is indicated by enclosing the
project name in parentheses, for example, (dhrystone).
Where a project is not associated with a particular connection, it is
unbound. In this case, the project name is enclosed in angled brackets, for
example <my_project>.
See the chapter that describes project binding in RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Project Management User Guide for more details.
Also see Automatic operations performed by a project on page 4-23.
@endpoint_connection:execution_vehicle
The connection, including the endpoint connection (usually the target
processor) and the execution vehicle. For example, if you connect to an
ARM946E-S processor through RealView ICE the title bar shows:
@ARM946E-S_0:ARM-ARM-USB
If you are using an RTOS, and you stop execution, details of the current
thread replace the connection details. For example,
T0x19F84_ITCM.ARM
See the chapter that describes RTOS support in the RealView Developer
Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide for details.
[Unattached]
The attachment of the window to a specific connection or thread.
In single-processor debugging mode, this part of the title bar is blank and
the option to attach windows to your connection is not available.
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If you are using an RTOS, you can also attach a Code window to a thread.
Only the debug information for the attached thread is displayed in that
Code window. If a thread is attached to a Code window, the [Unattached]
text is removed from the title bar.
See the chapter that describes RTOS support in RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Debugger User Guide for details.
3.1.3
Default pane configuration
The default pane configuration in the Code window, shown in Figure 3-1 on page 3-3,
contains:
Top pane row
The top pane row contains the File Editor pane and the Process Control
pane as a side pane by default.
The File Editor pane is always positioned in the top pane row. However,
you can dock one or more other panes to the left or right of the File Editor
pane.
File Editor pane
The File Editor pane is always visible when working with RealView
Debugger. You cannot replace the File Editor pane with another pane (see
Debug views and panes on page 3-7). However, you can define how the
view is formatted, for example you can change the size of text displayed
in the File Editor pane.
Use this area of the Code window to:
•
use a shortcut to connect to a target or load an image.
•
enter text to create project files
•
open source files for editing and resaving
•
view disassembly
•
set breakpoints to control execution
•
use the available menu options to search for specific text as part of
debugging
•
follow execution through a sequence of source-level and
disassembly-level views
The File Editor pane contains a hyperlink to make your first connection
to a debug target. When a connection is made, this link changes to give
you a quick way to load an image.
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When RealView Debugger first starts, the File Editor pane contains tabs
to track program execution:
•
the Src tab shows the current context in the source view
•
the Dsm tab displays disassembled code with intermixed C/C++
source lines.
If you load an image, or when you are working with source files, more
tabs are displayed, for example dhry_1.c. In this case, click on the Src tab
to see the location of the PC.
See the chapter that describes editing source code in RealView Developer
Kit v2.2 Project Management User Guide for full details on using the
editing facilities in RealView Debugger.
Side pane
By default, this contains the Process Control pane that displays details of
the current process when you are connected to target processor. When
you first run RealView Debugger, this pane is positioned to the right of
the File Editor pane but you can float this pane, and place it at another
position on the desktop.
The Process Control pane displays a Threads tab if you are debugging an
RTOS application.
Middle pane row
The middle pane row contains the following panes by default:
Call Stack pane
Use this pane to:
•
display the procedure calling chain from the entry point
to the current procedure
•
monitor local variables.
The Call Stack pane contains tabs:
Call Stack
Displays the stack functions call chain. This tab is
selected by default.
3-6
Locals
Shows variables local to the current function.
Statics
Displays a list of static variables local to the current
module.
This
Shows objects located by the C++ specific this
pointer.
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Watch pane
Use this pane to:
•
set up variables or expressions to watch
•
display current watches
•
modify watches already set
•
delete existing watches.
The Watch pane contains tabs to display sets of watched
values. The first tab, Watch1, is selected by default.
Memory pane
Use this pane to:
•
display the contents of a range of memory locations on
the target
•
edit the values stored by the application.
Bottom pane row
The bottom pane row of the default Code window contains the Output
pane by default. Select the different tabs to:
•
enter commands during a debugging session (Cmd)
•
handle I/O with your application (StdIO)
•
see the progress of builds (Build)
•
see the results of Find in Files operations (FileFind)
•
see the results of operations using your version control tool
(SrcCtrl)
•
view the results of commands and track events during debugging
(Log).
The command line is located at the bottom of the Output pane. The
command prompt includes the status of the current process, for example,
Stop>, Run>, or None> (no process). You can also enter debugger
commands at this prompt.
3.1.4
Debug views and panes
RealView Debugger provides a range of debug views accessible through panes:
•
Break/Tracepoints
•
Call Stack
•
Data Navigator
•
Memory
•
Process Control
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Registers
Stack
Symbol Browser
Watch
Locals tab of Call Stack pane
Map tab of Process Control pane
Threads tab of Process Control pane (with an RTOS extension)
Output pane.
Substituting panes
All panes except for the File Editor pane can be substituted for another pane. To
substitute one pane for another, select the required pane from the Pane Control menu
of the pane to be substituted (see Pane controls on page 3-9 for details).
See the chapter that describes working with debug views in RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Debugger User Guide for more details on working with panes.
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Adding panes
Select View to display the View menu to add another pane.
Initially, when you select a pane from the View menu it is displayed as a floating pane.
If you select a pane that is already visible, then another instance of that pane is
displayed, and the name has the suffix _n, where n is a number starting at one (for
example, Memory_1).
If you choose to dock a pane, then a Select Location dialog box is displayed where you
can specify the position to place the pane on the desktop.
During your debugging session, you can define which view is displayed in a chosen
pane (see Substituting panes on page 3-8 for details).
See Floating, docking, and resizing windows and panes on page 3-21 for more details
on floating and docking panes.
3.1.5
Pane controls
Each configurable pane in the Code window, shown in Figure 3-1 on page 3-3, includes
a title bar and pane controls. In the side pane, the pane title bar is displayed horizontally
at the top of the pane. In the middle and bottom panes, the title bar is displayed vertically
at the left side of the pane.
When you float a pane, the title bar is displayed horizontally at the top of the window,
and the title of the window is shown. Docked panes do not show the pane title, but see
the description of the gripper bar in this section.
A pane contains the controls:
Pane Control
Click this button to display the Pane Control menu where you can
change the debug view in the pane and rename the pane.
The top of the menu shows a list of any panes that you have previously
viewed and hidden. You can select one of these panes, or select a pane
from the New Pane submenu.
Visual controls
The visual controls are at the bottom of the Pane Control
menu. Use these to:
•
float the pane if it is docked
•
dock the pane if it is floating
•
hide the pane (see Hidden panes on page 3-10).
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See Floating, docking, and resizing windows and panes on
page 3-21 for more details.
Pane menu Click this button to display the Pane menu.
Use this to:
•
change the display format
•
change how pane contents are updated
•
extract data from the pane.
The options available from this menu depend on the pane.
Resize control
Move the mouse pointer to the edge of the pane to resize. When the resize
cursor is displayed, click and drag the edge to resize.
Gripper bar
Move the mouse pointer to the edge of the pane containing the gripper
bar. In the side pane, the gripper bar is displayed horizontally at the top
of the pane. In the middle and bottom panes, the gripper bar is displayed
vertically at the left side of the pane.
When the gripper bar cursor is displayed, click and drag the pane to the
new position. To float the pane, move the pane outside the RealView
Debugger desktop.
If you hover the cursor over the gripper bar, the pane title is displayed as
a tooltip. This is not affected by the state of the Edit → Advanced →
Tooltip Evaluation option.
Hidden panes
A pane is classed as hidden if you change an existing pane to another type of pane, or
you choose to hide it with the Hide option on this menu. The hidden state of a pane
persists between RealView Debugger sessions.
To remove the hidden status of a pane:
1.
Right-click on the toolbar of a pane that is currently displayed.
The context menu shows visible panes as checked, and hidden panes as
unchecked.
2.
Select the required hidden pane:
•
3-10
if the current pane is docked, then the hidden pane is displayed docked, and
to the left of the current pane.
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•
3.
if the current pane is floating, then the hidden pane is displayed floating,
and overlays the current pane.
Click the x button on the pane toolbar to close the pane. That pane is no longer
hidden, and so does not appear on any of the pane menus.
Hiding and restoring the Output pane
Only one instance of the Output pane can exist for a Code window. You can hide the
Output pane by selecting Hide from the Pane Control menu. Also, if you click on the
x button of the Output pane, the Output pane is hidden and not closed.
To make a hidden Output pane visible, either:
•
perform steps 1 and 2 of the procedure described in Hidden panes on page 3-10
•
select View → Output from the Code window main menu.
Note
The focus is on the tab that was visible at the time Output pane was closed. If the
Output pane is open, this option has no effect.
If the Output pane is hidden during program execution, then it is made visible if your
program requests user input. The pane is displayed in the same state (floating or docked)
as when it was hidden.
3.1.6
Button toolbars
Below the Code window main menu, there are groups of toolbars that provide quick
access to many of the features available from menu options, shown in Figure 3-2.
Figure 3-2 Code window toolbar
To hide a toolbar, right-click on any toolbar button. This displays the Toolbars menu
where you can specify which toolbars are visible.
You can move a toolbar from the default position in the Code window so that it floats
on your desktop, for example, the Debug toolbar shown in Figure 3-3. To restore the
floating toolbar, double-click anywhere on the toolbar title bar.
Figure 3-3 Debug toolbar (floating)
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RealView Debugger Desktop
Repositioning a toolbar in this way applies only to the calling Code window. If you open
a new Code window the toolbars are in the default positions.
See Working with the Code window toolbars on page 3-17 for details of the buttons
available from the Code window toolbar, and how to customize toolbars.
3.1.7
Color Box
Code windows in RealView Debugger are color-coded to help with navigation. This is
particularly useful when working with multithreaded applications.
The Color Box, shown in Figure 3-4, identifies the connection associated with the
current window.
Color Box
Figure 3-4 Color Box
When you first start RealView Debugger the Code window is not associated with any
target or process. The Color Box changes when you make your first connection. As you
create new Code windows, these are also color-coded.
Closing your connection changes the Color Box to show that there is no connection
associated with the window. Any other Code windows attached to that connection are
also updated to match.
When you are working with the Color Box, notice that:
•
connection-independent windows, or controls, do not contain a Color Box
•
floating panes contain a Color Box that matches the calling window.
3.1.8
Other window elements
There are status display areas at the bottom of the Code window, shown in Figure 3-1
on page 3-3:
Status line
3-12
As you move through menu options, or when you view button tooltips,
this line shows a more detailed explanation of the option or button under
the cursor. When loading an image, it also shows the progress of the load.
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Processor status
Indicates the processor status, which is one of Unknown, Running, or
Stopped.
Cursor location field
As you move the cursor through a file within the File Editor pane, this
shows the current location of the text insertion point.
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LOG
If this appears to the right of the Cursor location field, this shows that
output is being written to a log file.
JOU
If this appears to the right of the Cursor location field, this shows that
output is being written to a journal file.
STDIOlog
If this appears to the right of the Cursor location field, this shows that
STDIO output is also being written to a STDIOlog file.
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RealView Debugger Desktop
3.2
Finding options on the main menu
This section provides a summary of the main menu options available from the Code
window (see Figure 3-1 on page 3-3) that enable you to:
•
open and close files within the File Editor pane
•
manage target images and connections
•
manage projects
•
build images
•
manage workspaces
•
navigate, search, and edit source files
•
manage new windows and change pane contents
•
debug your images
•
access the online help system.
Note
Some menu options are not enabled unless you have suitable support, for example the
View → Threads tab option.
The menus available from the main menu bar are:
File
Displays the File menu.
The File menu also enables you to examine, and change, your workspace
settings.
When you are using the File menu the menu option Close Window is not
enabled when the default Code window is the only window. This is the
main debugging and editing window, and it must be open throughout your
debugging session. Close the Code window to close down RealView
Debugger.
Edit
View
3-14
Displays the Edit menu. This menu enables you to work with source files
as you develop your application. It includes options to:
•
define how source code is displayed in the File Editor pane.
•
enable you to work with source files and perform searches on those
files as you debug your image
•
access the various browsers in RealView Debugger.
Displays the View menu. This menu enables you to set up new windows
and panes as you are working with target connections.
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To use custom windows, you must have an appropriate third-party custom
window plugin. A custom window plugin can be designed to start
automatically when RealView Debugger starts. If you only have plugins
of this type, then the Custom Windows option remains disabled.
Otherwise, if a plugin is designed not to start automatically, then the
Custom Windows option is enabled. In addition, an option is added to
the submenu to enable you to start the custom window plugin. For
instructions on installing third-party custom window plugins, and how to
use them, see your Vendor documentation.
Target
Displays the Target menu. This menu enables you to connect and
disconnect from debug targets, configure your connections, load images,
and attach the Code window to a connection.
Project
Displays the Project menu. This menu enables you to work with projects
so that you can organize your source files, model your build process, and
share files with other developers. This can be used in conjunction with the
Build menu to rebuild images.
These features are described in full in the chapter that describes working
with projects in RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Project Management User
Guide.
Build
Displays the Build menu. This menu enables you to build files, or groups
of files, to create your image ready for loading to a target.
For details of this menu see the chapter that describes building
applications in RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Project Management User
Guide.
Debug
Displays the Debug menu. This menu includes the main facilities you use
during a debugging session, such as setting up breakpoints and
tracepoints, controlling program execution, and program Flash.
Tools
Displays the Tools menu. This menu enables you to:
•
set up Analyzer and Tracing features
•
add and configure macros for use during debugging
•
log information to the Log, Journal and STDIO log files
•
run CLI commands from script files
•
examine, and change, your global configuration options.
The Tools menu also provides access to options for Analysis and
Profiling.
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Note
Supported by selected simulators from Ceva Inc., the Simulation
Control option is not available in this release.
Help
Displays the Help menu.
This menu gives you access to the RealView Debugger online help, to
web downloads pages, and displays details of your version of RealView
Debugger. You can also use this menu to create and submit a Software
Problem Report (SPR).
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3.3
Working with the Code window toolbars
The Code window toolbars (see Figure 3-2 on page 3-11) give access to many of the
features available from the main menu and to additional debugging controls. By default,
the Code window shows all toolbars but you can customize which controls are available.
When working with Code window toolbars, use Windows Tooltips to see hover-style
help when you hold your mouse pointer over a button.
This section includes:
•
File toolbar
•
Edit toolbar
•
Debug toolbar
•
Image toolbar on page 3-18
•
Connect toolbar on page 3-18
•
Build toolbar on page 3-19
•
Find toolbar on page 3-19
•
Customizing the toolbars on page 3-20.
3.3.1
File toolbar
Use these buttons when developing applications. They enable you to open files and to
save changed files in the File Editor pane. These buttons replicate selected options from
the File menu.
3.3.2
Edit toolbar
Use these buttons to edit source files in the File Editor pane. They replicate selected
options from the Edit menu.
3.3.3
Debug toolbar
These buttons replicate selected options from the Debug menu. This toolbar consists of
the following controls:
Execution controls
Use these buttons to start and stop program execution.
Stepping controls
Use these buttons to step though a program.
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Context controls
Use these buttons to move up and down the stack levels during program
execution. These buttons are enabled when an image has been loaded.
Command cancel
Commands submitted to RealView Debugger are queued for execution.
Click this button to cancel the last command entered onto the queue.
This does not take effect until the previous command has completed.
3.3.4
Image toolbar
Use these buttons to control images. They replicate selected options from the Target
menu.
3.3.5
Connect toolbar
Use these buttons to control target connections. They replicate selected options from the
Target menu.
The Cycle Connections button allows you to switch to the next available active
connection, but is only enabled during a multiprocessor debugging session. Click on the
drop-down arrow to display a connection menu. This menu lists the active connections
with the current connection marked with an asterisk. The menu also provides an option
to attach the Code window to the current connection. When a Code window is attached
to a connection a tick mark is added to the Attach Window to Connection option and
the connection that is attached to the Code window. Although you can still cycle through
multiple connections, the connection details do not change in Code windows that are
attached.
The following button is also part of the Connect toolbar:
Cycle Threads button
Used during a multithreading debugging session, click this button to
change to the next active thread. Click on the drop-down arrow to display
the list of active threads where you can identify the current thread. The
list also shows if the Code window is attached to this thread by adding a
tick mark.
This button is only enabled when an underlying operating system is
supported. See the chapter that describes RTOS support in RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
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3.3.6
Build toolbar
Use these buttons to control the build process during your debugging session. They
replicate selected options from the Build menu.
3.3.7
Find toolbar
This toolbar becomes active when you are editing a file in the File Editor pane. It
contains:
File
This read-only field shows the name of the file currently displayed in the
File Editor pane. If you have changed the file since loading or saving, an
asterisk, * , is appended to the end of the filename.
If you are working on several files in the File Editor pane, the File field
shows the name displayed on the topmost file tab.
Find
This field enables you to perform a quick text search on the file currently
displayed in the File Editor pane. Type the required string into the Find
field and then press Enter. If you are working on several files in the File
Editor pane, the search examines only the file in the topmost file tab. The
search behavior is defined by the settings in the Find dialog box displayed
from the Find menu.
Click on the drop-down arrow to display a list of recently used search
strings.
Line
Use the Line number field to enter the number of the line where the text
insertion point is to be moved.
Source control button
This button indicates the read/write status of the current file. Click this
button to change the status of a file.
You can edit a file only if the Read-Write icon is displayed (shown here).
Click on the drop-down arrow to access command menu:
Encoding
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•
If your sources are not under version control, then this menu
enables you to make the current source file in the File Editor pane
read-only or editable.
•
If your sources are under version control, this button shows the
source control commands. See the chapter that describes working
with version control systems in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2
Project Management User Guide for more details.
Available only when you enable Internationalization. Click the down
arrow and select the encoding format you require.
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This enables you to view any multibyte strings in a source tab of the File
Editor pane in the correct character encoding. It also enables you to
search for multibyte text in your sources that matches the selected
encoding.
3.3.8
Customizing the toolbars
You can customize the toolbars as described in the following sections:
•
Showing and hiding toolbars
•
Floating and docking toolbars.
Showing and hiding toolbars
To show or hide a toolbar:
1.
Right-click on any toolbar button or the toolbar background to display the
Toolbars menu.
Checked options indicate which toolbars are currently shown on the RealView
Debugger toolbar. All toolbars are shown by default.
2.
Select the toolbar that you want to show or hide. A hidden toolbar is removed
from the RealView Debugger toolbar.
Note
If you open a new Code window the toolbars are in the default positions.
Floating and docking toolbars
To float a toolbar:
1.
Click on the toolbar control.
2.
Drag and drop the toolbar on your desktop.
To dock a floating toolbar, double-click on the toolbar title.
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3.4
Working in the Code window
This section describes how to work with the Code window:
•
Floating, docking, and resizing windows and panes
•
Changing the focus on page 3-24
•
In-place editing on page 3-24
•
Working with tabs on page 3-25
•
Working with scroll bars on page 3-25.
3.4.1
Floating, docking, and resizing windows and panes
Panes are docked to default positions and have default sizes in the Code window when
RealView Debugger starts in the default state.
Resizing docked panes
To change the height of a docked pane in the middle or bottom rows, drag the upper
boundary of the row containing the pane to the required height. All panes in the row are
resized. This also changes the height of the panes in the first row.
To change the width of a pane, drag the left boundary of the pane to the new position.
Floating a pane
A pane is floating when it is displayed separately from the calling window and can be
moved around the desktop. To float a pane:
•
select Float from the Pane Control menu
•
click the gripper control, and drag the pane to the required position on your
desktop
•
double-click on the pane gripper control.
A floating pane is still tied to the calling window, as shown by the Color Box (see Color
Box on page 3-12).
Docking a pane
To dock a floating pane:
•
ARM DUI 0308A
Select Dock from the Pane Control menu. If the pane has not been docked
previously, a Select Location dialog box is displayed. You can choose to dock the
pane to the left, right, or bottom of the Code window.
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RealView Debugger Desktop
•
click the pane title bar, and drag the pane to the required position on the Code
window
•
double-click on the pane title bar.
Pane docking behavior
When you dock a pane, the pane is positioned as described in the following sections.
Using the Select Location dialog box to dock a pane
For a pane that has not previously been docked, a Select Location dialog box is
displayed containing the following options:
Left
The pane is docked to the left of the File Editor pane. If a pane already
exists to the left of the File Editor pane, then the pane is docked below
that pane.
Right
The pane is docked to the right of the File Editor pane. If a pane already
exists to the right of the File Editor pane, then the pane is docked below
that pane.
Bottom
The pane is docked to create a new bottom pane row.
Dragging and dropping on a Code window border
When you drag and drop a pane on the Code window border:
Left border
The pane is docked as the left-most pane in the top row.
Right border
The pane is docked as the right-most pane in the top row.
Bottom border
The pane is docked to create a new bottom pane row.
Dragging and dropping on a middle or bottom row pane border
When you drag and drop a pane on the border of another pane that is not in the top row:
Left border
The pane is docked in the that row, and to the left of the currently docked
pane.
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RealView Debugger Desktop
Right border
The pane is docked in the that row, and to the right of the currently docked
pane.
Bottom border
The pane is docked in the that row, and above the currently docked pane.
Top border
The pane is docked in the that row, and to the left or right of the currently
docked pane, depending on which side of the pane center you drop it.
Dragging and dropping on a top row pane border
When you drag and drop a pane on the border of another pane in the top row:
Left border
The pane is docked in the top row, and to the left of the currently docked
pane.
Right border
The pane is docked in the top row, and to the right of the currently docked
pane.
Bottom border
The pane is docked in the top row, and below the currently docked pane.
However, if you drop it on the bottom of the File Editor pane, then the
pane is docked as a new row, between the top row and the row below it.
Top border
The pane is docked in the top row, and above the currently docked pane.
Docking a pane that was previously docked
If the floating pane was previously docked, then the docking behavior depends on
whether or not the row that originally contained the pane still exists:
•
If the row still exists, then the pane is restored to its original position in that row.
•
If the row no longer exists, then the pane is restored to a position in the bottom
row. Usually, this is to the left of that row, but this depends on whether or not you
have undocked and docked other panes in that row.
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RealView Debugger Desktop
3.4.2
Changing the focus
In RealView Debugger, the focus indicates the window, or pane, where the next
keyboard input takes effect. Use a single left-click on the title bar to move the focus to
the Code window, or the pane, where you want to work. If the focus is currently in a
source file, you can move the focus from the source file to the Output pane by pressing
Ctrl+Tab or Ctrl+Shift+Tab.
When working with several Code windows, left-click inside a pane entry to change the
focus. If the pane is floating, the pane title bar changes color to show that it now has the
focus, and the title bar of the calling Code window is also highlighted.
If you switch to another Code window by clicking on the title bar, the focus moves to
that window and the text insertion point is located inside the File Editor pane. If the
context of the Code window is unknown, the text insertion point is located at the
command-line prompt.
If you double left-click in a pane entry, for example on the contents of a register in the
Register pane, this moves the focus to this pane and highlights the entry ready for
editing.
If you right-click in a pane that does not have the focus, the focus does not move to this
pane. This action does, however, highlight the chosen entry in the new pane. In this case,
use the Code window title bar to see where the focus is currently located.
3.4.3
In-place editing
In-place editing enables you to change a stored value and to see the results of that
change instantly. RealView Debugger offers in-place editing whenever possible. For
example, if you are displaying the contents of memory or registers and you want to
change a stored value:
1.
Double-click in the value you want to change, or press Enter if the item is already
selected. The value is enclosed in a box with the characters highlighted to show
they are selected (pending deletion).
2.
Either:
3.
•
enter data to overwrite the highlighted content
•
press the left or right arrow keys to deselect the existing data and position
the insertion point where you want to make a change.
Press Enter to store the new value in the selected location.
If you press Escape before you press Enter, any changes you have made in the
highlighted field are ignored.
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ARM DUI 0308A
RealView Debugger Desktop
In-place editing is not suitable for:
•
editing complex data where some prompting is helpful
•
editing groups of related items
•
selecting values from predefined lists.
In these cases, an appropriate dialog box is displayed.
Note
When using in-place editing, you must either complete the entry and press Enter, or
press Escape to cancel the operation. If you move the focus to another pane, RealView
Debugger cancels the current in-place editing operation.
3.4.4
Working with tabs
You can access RealView Debugger debugging features using tabbed pages or tabs. In
the Watch pane, for example, there are multiple tabs and each might show a different set
of watched variables. The Output pane contains tabs enabling you to select the view that
suits your debugging task.
Right-click on a tab to display text that explains the function of the tab or the content.
If you are using the default Windows display settings and you right-click on a tab that
is not at the front, the tab name being referenced is colored red for easy identification.
If you right-click over a blank area of the tab bar at the bottom of a window or pane, a
context menu enables you to select a tab from a list. You can also display this menu by
right-clicking on the left, or right, scroll arrow on the left-hand side of the tab bar.
3.4.5
Working with scroll bars
If you are working in a pane where vertical scroll bars are enabled, right-click on the
up, or down, scroll arrow to see the Scroll menu. Using this menu you can scroll by a
line or a page, or jump to the beginning or end of the related information.
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RealView Debugger Desktop
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ARM DUI 0308A
Chapter 4
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
The component products provided with RVDK enable you to build and debug one or
more images that make up your application. This chapter introduces you to the basic
tasks for building and debugging with the RVDK tools. It contains the following
sections:
•
Using the example projects on page 4-2
•
RealView ICE Micro Edition Connection Sequence on page 4-3
•
Starting and Exiting RealView Debugger on page 4-4
•
Opening an existing RealView Debugger project on page 4-5
•
Changing your target board/chip definition on page 4-6
•
Connecting to your target on page 4-7
•
Loading an image ready for debugging on page 4-8
•
Unloading an image on page 4-10
•
Running the image on page 4-11
•
Basic debugging tasks with RealView Debugger on page 4-12
•
Building and rebuilding an image with RealView Debugger on page 4-19
•
Help on creating RealView Debugger projects on page 4-20
•
Getting started with the compilation tools on page 4-25.
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4-1
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.1
Using the example projects
RVDK provides a number of example projects. See RVDK example projects on
page 1-5.
The tasks described in the RealView Debugger and RVCT documentation use the
Dhrystone project and some of the other example projects.
Until you are familiar with the features of RealView Debugger and RVCT, it is
suggested that you follow the instructions as described.
The tasks described in this chapter use the Dhrystone example project where
appropriate:
•
The RVDK Dhrystone project is in the RVDK examples directory ...\dhrystone.
This contains a predefined RealView Debugger project file, and a precompiled
image. This example project is used in the following RealView Debugger tasks:
— Loading an image ready for debugging on page 4-8
— Basic debugging tasks with RealView Debugger on page 4-12
— Building and rebuilding an image with RealView Debugger on page 4-19.
4-2
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ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.2
RealView ICE Micro Edition Connection Sequence
To ensure proper RVDK operation, perform the following steps. Refer to your RealView
ICE Micro Edition v1.1 User Guide for further information.
1.
Ensure your processor board is powered up.
2.
Connect the RVI-ME to the board using the JTAG interface cable.
3.
Connect the RVI-ME to your PC using a USB cable. Windows may ask you to
install a driver for RVI-ME. The driver, RVI-ME.sys, can be found in the root
directory of the RVDK CD. Ensure the RVI-ME power indicator is illuminated.
If it fails to illuminate, disconnect and reconnect the USB cable.
If you have any problems connecting your RVI-ME, contact your supplier.
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4-3
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.3
Starting and Exiting RealView Debugger
This section includes:
•
Starting RealView Debugger
•
Exiting RealView Debugger.
4.3.1
Starting RealView Debugger
To start RealView Debugger, select the following from the Windows Start menu:
Programs → ARM → RealView Developer Kit v2.2 for Philips → RealView
Debugger v1.8
Note
If you are using the default Windows XP settings, select All Programs.
The RealView Debugger splash screen is displayed (see Splash screen on page 3-2), and
is then replaced by the RealView Debugger Code window, as shown in Figure 3-1 on
page 3-3.
4.3.2
Exiting RealView Debugger
To exit RealView Debugger, select the menu option File → Exit.
When you exit RealView Debugger, the current state of your Code window and
connection is saved. Therefore, the next time you start RealView Debugger:
•
the Code window appears in the same state as your previous debugging session
•
RealView Debugger automatically attempts to reconnect to a debug target, if it
was previously connected when you last exited RealView Debugger.
4-4
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.4
Opening an existing RealView Debugger project
To open an existing RealView Debugger project file:
1.
Start RealView Debugger (see Starting RealView Debugger on page 4-4).
2.
Select the menu option Project → Open Project.... The Select Project to Open
dialog is displayed.
3.
Locate the project file (.prj) in the project directory.
4.
Click Open. The project is loaded into RealView Debugger.
You can also arrange for RealView Debugger to:
•
open a project automatically when you connect to a debug target (see Making a
project and a connection interdependent on page 4-23 for details)
•
perform automatic operations when a project is opened (see Automatic operations
performed by a project on page 4-23 for details).
For more details on opening projects, see the chapter on managing projects in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
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4-5
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.5
Changing your target board/chip definition
By default, your RVI-ME debug target is preconfigured. However, other board and
processor definitions might be provided that are more suitable to your specific debug
target. If you want to use another board or processor definition, you must configure the
RVI-ME debug target. This section shows you how to do this, but for more detailed
information about configuring your debug targets, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2
Debugger User Guide.
4.5.1
How to change the board/chip definition
To configure the debug target:
1.
Display the Connection Control window.
Select the menu option Target → Connect to Target.... The Connection Control
window is displayed.
4-6
2.
If RealView Debugger is connected to the debug target, click the check box for
the target processor so that it is unchecked. This disconnects the debug target.
3.
Select the menu option Target → Connection Properties.... The Connection
Properties window is displayed.
4.
In the left-hand pane, select the CONNECTION=connection_name entry, where
connection_name is the name of the connection you want to modify.
5.
In the right-hand pane, right-click on the blue *BoardChip_name setting that
identifies the current board or processor name that you want to change.
6.
Select the new board or processor name from the context menu. The value of the
blue *BoardChip_name setting is updated.
7.
Select the menu option File → Save and Close to save the changes.
8.
Connect to the debug target.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.6
Connecting to your target
Before you can load an image to your target, you must connect to it. This section
describes the connection-related tasks. It contains:
•
Configuring your target connection
•
Connecting to your target
•
Setting connect mode.
4.6.1
Configuring your target connection
This RVDK does not provide a preconfigured target connection. However, you can
configure the RVI-ME target connection to your specific requirements. See the chapters
on configuring targets and connections in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger
User Guide. Also, to configure board/chip files, see How to change the board/chip
definition on page 4-6.
4.6.2
Connecting to your target
To connect to your target, do the following:
1.
Select the main menu option Target → Connect to Target....
Alternatively, click on the blue Click to Connect to a Target hyperlink in the File
Editor pane (see Figure 3-1 on page 3-3).
The Connection Control window is displayed. If there are currently no
connections to your target, the target execution vehicle (ARM-ARM-USB) is expanded
to show the available access-provider connections.
For more details on connecting to a target, see the chapter on connecting to targets
in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
4.6.3
2.
Expand the access-provider connection in the connection tree control to show the
target processor available for the connection.
3.
Click the check box for the target processor. The connection to your target is
established, and the Code window is updated with details for the connection.
Setting connect mode
You can also control the way a target processor starts when you connect by setting the
connect mode. See the chapter on connecting to targets in the RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
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4-7
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.7
Loading an image ready for debugging
This section describes how to get an image loaded on to a debug target. The instructions
assume that you are familiar with the RealView Debugger desktop described in
Chapter 3 RealView Debugger Desktop. It contains the following sections:
•
Loading an image directly
•
Loading an image associated with a RealView Debugger project
•
Loading multi-image applications on page 4-9
•
Working with memory on page 4-9
•
Reloading an image on page 4-9.
4.7.1
Loading an image directly
To load an image directly to your debug target:
1.
Start RealView Debugger (see Starting RealView Debugger on page 4-4).
2.
Connect to the debug target (see Connecting to your target on page 4-7).
3.
Select the menu option Target → Load Image....
Alternatively, click the blue Click to Load Image to Target hyperlink in the File
Editor pane.
The Load File to Target dialog is displayed.
4.
Locate the dhrystone.axf image in the RealView Debugger examples directory:
examples_directory\dhrystone\Debug
5.
Click Open. The image is loaded to the debug target.
The image name is inserted as a project name in the Title bar of the Code window.
RealView Debugger has created an auto-project. See the chapter on managing
projects in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide for more
details on auto-projects.
Also, the source file dhry_1.c is opened in the File Editor pane.
4.7.2
Loading an image associated with a RealView Debugger project
To load an image associated with a RealView Debugger project:
4-8
1.
Start RealView Debugger (see Starting RealView Debugger on page 4-4).
2.
Connect to the debug target (see Connecting to your target on page 4-7).
3.
Open the RealView Debugger Dhrystone example project file (dhrystone.prj)
located in the RealView Debugger examples directory:
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
examples_directory\dhrystone
See Opening an existing RealView Debugger project on page 4-5 for instructions
on how to open a project.
4.
To load the image to your connected debug target, click the blue Click to Load
image_path hyperlink in the File Editor pane.
For more details on loading images, see the chapter on working with images in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
4.7.3
Loading multi-image applications
If your application contains multiple images, for example an executable image and an
RTOS image, you can load all the images to the target. You can load the first image
either directly or from a RealView Debugger project (see Loading an image associated
with a RealView Debugger project on page 4-8). However, you must load any
subsequent images directly (see Loading an image directly on page 4-8). For each
image that you load directly, you must ensure that the Replace Existing File(s) check
box is not selected.
For more details about working with multiple images, see the chapter on working with
images in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
4.7.4
Working with memory
Before you load an image, you might have to define memory settings. This depends on
the debug target you are using to run your image.
Where appropriate, defining memory gives you full access to all the memory on your
debug target. RealView Debugger enables you to do this in different ways, for example
using an include file, or defining the memory map as part of your target configuration
settings.
For instructions on working with memory and memory maps, see the chapters
describing memory mapping and reading and writing memory, registers, and flash in
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
4.7.5
Reloading an image
During your debugging session you might have to amend your source code and then
recompile. Select Target → Reload Image to Target from the Code window to reload
an image following these changes.
Reloading an image refreshes any window displays and updates debugger resources.
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4-9
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.8
Unloading an image
RealView Debugger automatically unloads an image from a debug target when you:
•
disconnect from the debug target
•
exit RealView Debugger.
Also, if you close the RealView Debugger project associated with an image, RealView
Debugger displays a prompt asking if you want the image unloaded.
However, you might want to unload an image explicitly as part of your debugging
session, for example if you correct coding errors and then rebuild outside RealView
Debugger. See How to explicitly unload an image for instructions.
You do not have to unload an image from a debug target before loading a new image for
execution. Display the Load File to Target dialog box and ensure that the Replace
Existing File(s) check box is selected ready to load the next image (see Loading an
image directly on page 4-8).
4.8.1
How to explicitly unload an image
You can unload an image by using the Process Control pane. To do this:
1.
Select View → Process Control from the default Code window main menu.
If you have the default panes visible in the Code window, as shown in Figure 3-1
on page 3-3, then the Registers pane is replaced by the Process Control pane.
2.
Right-click on the Image entry, for example dhrystone.axf, or on the Load entry,
Image+Symbols, to display the Image context menu.
3.
Select Unload.
Alternatively, in the Process Control pane click on the check box associated with the
Load entry so that it is not selected.
Note
Unloading an image does not affect target memory. It unloads the symbols and removes
most of the image details from RealView Debugger. However, the image name is
retained.
To remove image details completely, right-click on the Image entry in the Process
Control pane and select Delete Entry.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.9
Running the image
To run an image:
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1.
Load the image to your debug target (see Loading an image ready for debugging
on page 4-8).
2.
Either:
•
Select Debug → Run from the main menu.
•
Click the Go button on the Actions toolbar.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
4-11
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.10
Basic debugging tasks with RealView Debugger
The basic debugging tasks you can perform with RealView Debugger are shown in
Table 4-1. The references give detailed instructions for these tasks.
Table 4-1 Basic Debugging Tasks
4-12
Task
For detailed instructions, see
Displaying line numbers in the current
source view
Displaying line numbers on page 4-13
Using breakpoints
Setting a simple breakpoint on page 4-13
Displaying variables
Displaying variables on page 4-17, and the chapter
on working with browsers in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Examining different code views
the chapter on controlling execution in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Displaying register contents
the chapter on monitoring execution in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Changing register contents
the chapter on reading and writing memory,
registers, and flash in the RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Using the Process Control pane
the chapter on working with images in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Displaying memory contents
the chapter on monitoring execution in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Using Tooltip Evaluation to examine
variables and register contents
the chapter on editing source code in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Using the call stack
the chapter on monitoring execution in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Using browsers and lists
the chapter on working with browsers in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Setting watches
the chapter on monitoring execution in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.10.1
Displaying line numbers
To display line numbers for the any source file displayed in the File Editor pane, select
the menu option:
Edit → Editing Controls → Show Line Numbers
4.10.2
Setting a simple breakpoint
To set a simple, unconditional breakpoint:
1.
Make sure line numbers are displayed (see Displaying line numbers).
This is not necessary but might help you to follow the examples.
2.
Right-click in the first entry in the Memory pane, <NoAddr>, and select Set New
Start Address... from the context menu.
3.
Enter a value as the start address for the area of interest, for example 0x8008.
4.
Click Set to confirm the setting and close the dialog box.
5.
Click on the Src tab in the File Editor pane.
6.
Set a simple, unconditional breakpoint at line 149 in dhry_1.c, Proc_5();. To do
this double-click on the line number.
If the line number is not visible, then double-click inside the gray area at the left
of the required statement in the File Editor pane to set the breakpoint.
7.
Set a watch on the variable Int_1_Loc at line 152 in dhry_1.c. To do this right-click
on the variable. The variable is then underlined in red.
8.
Select Watch from the context menu.
9.
Start execution (see Running the image on page 4-11)
10.
Enter the required number of runs, for example 50000.
11.
Monitor execution until the breakpoint is reached.
12.
Click Go again and monitor the program as execution continues.
See the chapter on working with breakpoints in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2
Debugger User Guide for more details.
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4-13
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.10.3
Setting the top of memory
Select View → Registers to open the Register pane at the default location. The
Debugger Internals are available from the Debug tab inside this pane. To see a list of
the available tabs, right click on the double arrows to the left of the Register pane tabs.
In RVDK, top_of_memory is used to set the application stack base for a semihosted
application running on a remote target.
If top_of_memory is not set, RVDK sets it to a default value of 0x80000. A warning is
displayed in the Cmd and Log tabs:
No stack/heap or top of memory defined - using defaults.
The value of top_of_memory can be overridden for a single debug session from the
Debug tab in the Register pane.
The value of top_of_memory can also be set for a particular target connection using the
Connection Properties window:
1.
Ensure that you disconnect from the target before making these changes.
2.
Select Target → Connect to Target... to open the Connection Control window.
3.
Right-click on the connection, for example RVI-ME, and select Connection
Properties... from the context menu.
The appropriate branch in the Connection Properties window opens
automatically.
4.
Drill down through the tree:
•
Advanced_Information
•
Default
•
ARM_config
5.
Right-click on the Top memory entry and set the new connection default.
6.
Select File → Save and Close.
Note
To use the new setting, you must now connect to the target.
If a Board/Chip definition file is selected for this connection, then this file might contain
a value for top_of_memory that overrides the target connection setting.
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ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.10.4
Configuring Vector Catch
Vector Catch is a mechanism used to trap processor exceptions. This feature is typically
used in the early stages of development to trap processor exceptions before the
appropriate handlers are installed. You select the vectors to trap by editing the
vector_catch value.
The default values correspond to trapping the exceptions listed in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2 Trapped Processor Exceptions (defaults)
Exception
Trapped
Comment
Reset
Yes
Set to True to catch Reset vectors. This is the default.
Undefined
Yes
Set to True to catch Undefined/Illegal Instructions. This is
the default.
SWI
No
Set to True to catch software interrupts. The default is
False. The SWI vector may also be trapped by the
debugger to enable standard semihosting.
Prefetch Abort
Yes
Set to True to catch Prefetch abort (instruction fetch
memory fault) exceptions. This is the default.
Data Abort
Yes
Set to True to catch Data abort (data access memory fault)
exceptions. This is the default.
IRQ
No
Set to True to catch interrupt requests. The default is False.
FIQ
No
Set to True to catch fast interrupt requests. The default is
False.
Setting Vector Catch for a Particular Connection
The state of individual vectors for catching can also be set for a particular target
connection using the Connection Properties window:
1.
Ensure that you disconnect from the target before making these changes.
2.
Select Target → Connect to Target... to open the Connection Control window.
3.
Right-click on the connection, for example RVI-ME, and select Connection
Properties... from the context menu.
The appropriate branch in the Connection Properties window opens
automatically.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.
Drill down through the tree:
•
Advanced_Information
•
Default
•
ARM_config
•
Vectors
5.
Set the catching of each vector in the group to the required new connection
default.
6.
Select File → Save and Close.
Note
To use the new setting, you must now connect to the target.
Setting Vector Catch for Individual Target Boards
You can set the default vector catch that will be used for a particular target board, using
the Connection Properties window:
1.
Ensure that you disconnect from the target before making these changes.
2.
Select Target → Connect to Target to open the Connection Properties window.
3.
Select the appropriate board from within the Board/Chip Definitions folder
4.
Select the appropriate board from within the Board/Chip Definitions folder and
drill down through the tree:
•
Advanced_Information
•
ARM
•
ARM_config
•
Vectors
5.
Set the catching of each vector in the group to the required board default.
6.
Select File → Save and Close.
Note
Vector settings in the Board/Chip definition file will override those in the target
connection settings.
4-16
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
Setting Vector Catch from the Debug Menu
You can override the value of vector_catch for a single debug session as follows:
1.
Select Debug → Processor Events... to open the List Selection window.
2.
Select the processor events that you want enabled.
Note
Although vector catches set in this way override those set using the other methods, the
settings are not retained after you disconnect from the target. To make permanent
changes to settings, use one of the other methods described in this section.
4.10.5
Displaying variables
To display the value of a variable from your source code:
1.
Connect to your debug target, if it is not already connected (see Connecting to
your target on page 4-7).
2.
Load the dhrystone.axf image as described in Loading an image ready for
debugging on page 4-8. The source file dhry_1.c is loaded into the File Editor
pane. If line numbers are not visible for your source, display them as described in
Displaying line numbers on page 4-13.
3.
Click the Go button on the toolbar to execute the image.
4.
Enter the require number of runs, for example 50000.
5.
Select the required variable in the current context, for example click on the file
tab for the source file dhry_1.c and move to line 301. Highlight the variable
Ptr_Glob in the expression:
structassign (*Ptr_Val_Par->Ptr_Comp, *Ptr_Glob);
6.
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Right-click to display the Source Variable Name menu, shown in Figure 4-1 on
page 4-18.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
Figure 4-1 Source Variable Name menu
4-18
7.
Select Print to view the value of the chosen variable in the current context. This
is displayed in the Cmd tab of the Output pane.
8.
Select View Memory At Value to display the memory view at this location.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.11
Building and rebuilding an image with RealView Debugger
After you are familiar with the basic tasks for loading and debugging an image with
RealView Debugger, the next step is to decide how you want to build your own image.
You can:
•
use RealView Debugger
•
use the RVCT build tools directly, see Getting started with the compilation tools
on page 4-25.
The following procedure describes how to rebuild the image for the RealView Debugger
Dhrystone project. It assumes that you are familiar with the RealView Debugger
desktop described in Chapter 3 RealView Debugger Desktop.
1.
Before you rebuild the Dhrystone project, make a back up copy of the RealView
Debugger examples_directory\dhrystone project directory.
2.
Start RealView Debugger (see Starting RealView Debugger on page 4-4).
3.
Open the RVDK Dhrystone example project file (dhrystone.prj) located in the
RealView Debugger examples directory:
examples_directory\dhrystone
See Opening an existing RealView Debugger project on page 4-5 for instructions
on how to open a project.
4.
To rebuild the dhrystone.axf image, select the menu option Build → Rebuild All.
If you see a prompt stating that the makefile does not exist, click Yes to build the
makefile. RealView Debugger creates a makefile and a build directory for each of
the build target configurations defined in the project (see Build target
configurations for Standard and Library projects on page 4-21 for details)
Build messages appear in the Build tab of the Output pane.
5.
When the build is complete, you can load the image as described in Loading an
image associated with a RealView Debugger project on page 4-8.
See the chapter on managing projects in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger
User Guide for more details on building your application.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.12
Help on creating RealView Debugger projects
This section helps you to determine what kind of RealView Debugger project to create.
It contains the following sections:
•
Types of project
•
Project properties on page 4-21
•
Limitations of Standard and Library projects on page 4-22
•
Making a project and a connection interdependent on page 4-23
•
Automatic operations performed by a project on page 4-23.
For instructions on how to create a project, see the chapter on managing projects in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
4.12.1
Types of project
In RealView Debugger, you can create the following types of project:
4-20
Standard
Builds an executable image using the compiler, assembler and linker as
appropriate. You add the sources used to build the image to the project,
and RealView Debugger creates the necessary makefiles for you.
However, there are limitation with this type of project (see Limitations of
Standard and Library projects on page 4-22).
Library
Builds an object library using the compiler, assembler, and the ARM®
librarian utility as appropriate. You add the sources used to build the
library to the project, and RealView Debugger creates the necessary
makefiles for you. However, there are limitation with this type of project
(see Limitations of Standard and Library projects on page 4-22).
Custom
Builds any build target (executable image, ROM image, or object library)
from your own makefile. You specify the location of your makefile, and
any arguments that it takes. This type or project also enables you to
overcome the limitations of the Standard and Library projects (see
Limitations of Standard and Library projects on page 4-22).
Container
Builds your application from subprojects you have previously created.
You can add any combination of Standard, Library, and Custom
subprojects. However, the order in which you add subprojects determines
the build order.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.12.2
Project properties
When you create a project, RealView Debugger sets up default project settings, called
Project Properties. These settings include project information and build options that you
can modify. The project properties are stored in project files that have the .prj file
extension. A project file is located in the directory you specify when you create a
project.
You can access the Project Properties for your project using a Project Properties
window. For more details on accessing the Project Properties, and how to modify them,
see the chapter on managing projects in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger
User Guide.
For more information about the compilation tool options used to implement the project
build options, see Getting started with the compilation tools on page 4-25 and the
compilation tools documentation.
Build target configurations for Standard and Library projects
When you create a Standard or Library project, RealView Debugger automatically
opens a Project Properties window, and sets up default build target configurations,
Debug, DebugRel and Release. You can create your own build target configurations as
required. Each build target configuration can have different values for the build settings,
but only one configuration is active for a project. For example, you might want to set up
and use the Debug and Release configurations to build images for debugging and final
release.
The first time you close the Project Properties window after creating a Standard or
Library project, RealView Debugger creates a build directory and makefile for each
build target configuration defined for the project.
Note
If a makefile and directory for the active build target configuration does not already exist
when you build a project, RealView Debugger displays a prompt stating that the
makefile does not exist. Click Yes at the prompt dialog. RealView Debugger creates the
makefile and directory for the active build target configuration, then performs the build.
See the chapter on managing projects in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger
User Guide for more details on build target configurations.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
Preprocessing and post-processing commands
Standard and Library projects also enable you to specify other preprocessing and
post-processing commands. For example, after RealView Debugger has built an image,
you can set up a fromelf command that the project build process is to use to convert the
image to a binary ROM image.
4.12.3
Limitations of Standard and Library projects
Table 4-3 describes the limitations with Standard and Library projects, and the
consequences. To overcome these limitations, create your own makefile, and create a
Custom project to use that makefile.
Table 4-3 Limitations of Standard and Library projects
4-22
Limitation
Consequence
Each source file you add is built with a
separate assembler or compiler command.
You cannot have multiple source files in a
single assembler or compiler command.
All files of the same language type (C, C++, or
assembler, and the ARM and Thumb
instruction set variants) are built using the
same assembler or compiler options.
You cannot specify different compiler
options for different source files of the same
language type and instruction set variant.
For example, if you have multiple source
files written in C targeted at the ARM
instruction set, they are all built using the
same compiler options.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.12.4
Making a project and a connection interdependent
RealView Debugger provides a mechanism that enables a project and a connection to
be mutually dependent. This mutual dependence is controlled using the settings
described in Table 4-4.
Table 4-4 Settings that control project and connection interdependence
Level of
control
Setting
Description
Connection
Project
This is a setting that you specify for a connection. It identifies one or more projects
that are to be opened automatically when you connect to a target processor on that
connection.
For more details, see the appendix describing the connection properties in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
Project
Specific_device
This is a setting that you specify for a project. It identifies a specific processor (for
example, ARM946E-S) or processor family (for example, ARM7). This restricts the
loading of the image for this project to a connection with the specified processor or
processor family.
RealView Debugger acts on this setting only when:
•
a connection to a matching target processor already exists, and you open the
project
•
the project is already open, and you connect to a matching target processor.
This close coupling of project and target processor is referred to as specific device
binding or autobinding. It is particularly useful if you are working with multiple
projects open. For more details, see the chapter on managing projects in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide.
Other project-related settings are provided that enable you to control what happens
when a project interacts with a connection (see Automatic operations performed by
a project).
4.12.5
Automatic operations performed by a project
A RealView Debugger project enables various operations to be performed
automatically. To enable these operations to be performed automatically, RealView
Debugger associates the project with a connection using a mechanism called binding.
However, RealView Debugger only binds a project to a connection in the following
circumstances:
•
when a connection already exists, and the project you open is the first one opened
in the current debugging session
•
when one or more projects are open, and you connect to a target processor
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
•
when you open an autobound project, that is a project associated with a specific
device (see Table 4-4 on page 4-23), and a connection has a target processor that
matches the device.
If you are working with multiple projects, there are specific rules that RealView
Debugger uses to determine which project to bind to a connection. This might involve
displaying a prompt to which you must respond.
If you do not restrict image loading to a specific device (see Table 4-4 on page 4-23),
then the binding mechanism is called default binding.
In addition to invoking these automatic operations, project binding has other effects
when you are working with projects. See the chapter on managing projects in the
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide for full details on project binding.
Setting up the automatic operations for a project
You set up the operations in the Project Properties (see Project properties on page 4-21).
Table 4-5 lists these operations and shows you where to find the information to
implement them.
Table 4-5 Project-related operations
Operation
Reference
Load the image associated with a project, if it exists.
See the description of the Open_load setting in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Set the initial load state of the image, which is one of:
•
register image name only
•
load symbols and image
•
load symbols only.
See the description of the Open_load setting in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Set any image-related controls. For example, set the
program counter (PC) to the image entry point.
See the descriptions of the settings in the Image_load group
in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Set various runtime controls, such as top of memory, and
command-line arguments if the image accepts these.
See the descriptions of the settings in the Runtime_Control
group in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User
Guide
Set one or more predefined breakpoints.
See the descriptions of the settings in the Auto_Set_Breaks
and Named_Breaks groups in the RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Debugger User Guide
Run one or more RealView Debugger CLI commands.
See the descriptions of the settings in the
Command_Open_Close group in the RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Debugger User Guide
4-24
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ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.13
Getting started with the compilation tools
This section describes how to use the compilation tools at the command prompt. It
describes the basic tasks you are most likely to perform with the compiler, assembler,
linker, the fromELF utility, and ARM librarian utility. It includes the following sections:
•
Targeting the source language with the compiler on page 4-26
•
Targeting the ARM or Thumb instruction set on page 4-27
•
Targeting a specific ARM architecture or processor on page 4-28
•
Targeting specific procedure call standard variants on page 4-28
•
Generating debug information on page 4-29
•
Optimizing your compiled sources on page 4-29
•
Building an image with a single compiler invocation on page 4-29
•
Building an image with separate command invocations on page 4-29
•
Specifying the initial entry point for an image on page 4-30
•
Creating object libraries on page 4-30
•
Converting images to binary files on page 4-30
•
Creating an image memory map with scatter-loading on page 4-30
•
Building the RVDK example Dhrystone project on page 4-32.
The compilation tools are described in detail in the following documents:
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Assembler Guide
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries Guide
•
RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide
Note
If you create a RealView Debugger project, you can set up the build tool options using
the RealView Debugger GUI. See the chapter on managing projects in the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Debugger User Guide. Also, see Help on creating RealView
Debugger projects on page 4-20, which provides information to help you decide the
type of RealView Debugger project to create.
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4.13.1
Targeting the source language with the compiler
To target a specific source language with the compiler:
ISO standard C
Use the compiler option:
armcc --c90
This is the default option.
Strict ISO standard C
Use the compiler options:
armcc --c90 --strict
ISO standard C++
Use the compiler option:
armcc --cpp
Strict ISO standard C++
Use the compiler options:
armcc --cpp --strict
If you do not specify any of these options, the compiler determines the source language
from the extension of your source files. However, if you specify multiple source files
for a single compiler invocation that contain different source languages, then specify
one of these compiler options. For example, to compile f1.c and f2.cpp for ISO
standard C++:
armcc --cpp f1.c f2.cpp
If you specify any assembly language sources, then the compiler invokes the assembler
to assemble these source files.
You can also use the armcpp command to invoke the C++ compiler.
4-26
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.13.2
Targeting the ARM or Thumb instruction set
You can compile or assemble your sources for the ARM® or Thumb instruction set.
Table 4-6 shows the compiler and assembler functionality that enables you to do this.
Table 4-6 Targeting the ARM and Thumb instruction sets
Target instruction set
Compiler
Assembler
Scope
ARM
armcc --arm
armasm -32 or --arm
source file(s)
ARM
#pragma arm
CODE32 directive
per-functiona
Thumb
armcc --thumb
armasm -16 or --thumb
source file(s)
Thumb
#pragma thumb
CODE16 directive
per-functiona
a. If your source code contains these instructions, they override the opposing command-line options.
For example, the CODE16 directive overrides the command armasm -32.
If you include the pragmas or directives in your source code, you generate mixed
instruction set code. For this to work properly, you must also use the interworking
compiler option. See Targeting specific procedure call standard variants on page 4-28
for details.
To see how the assembler directives are used, examine the RVDK example assembler
file examples_directory\asm\thumbsub.s.
You can also use alternative compiler commands shown in Table 4-7 to compile your C
and C++ code for ARM and Thumb instructions sets.
Table 4-7 Alternative compiler commands
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Equivalent
armcc command
Command
Description
armcc
Compiles for ISO standard C, and the ARM instruction set, but
only if your source files have .c extensions
armcc
armcpp
Compiles for ISO standard C++, and the ARM instruction set
armcc --cpp
tcc
Compiles for ISO standard C, and the Thumb instruction set
armcc --thumb
tcpp
Compiles for ISO standard C++, and the Thumb instruction set
armcc --thumb --cpp
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
4-27
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.13.3
Targeting a specific ARM architecture or processor
To compile or assemble your sources for a specific ARM architecture or processor, use
the --cpu option. This option is the same for the compiler and assembler. For example:
--cpu 5TE
Targets ARM architecture v5TE.
--cpu ARM946E-S
Targets the ARM946E-S processor.
Note
Armcc and armasm --cpu options support values relating to the ARM7 and ARM9
architectures and processors listed on page 1-2. The default is dependent on the toolkit
variant, as outlined below.
In the Basic Edition for ARM9 and the Developer Edition for ARM9, armcc and
armasm --cpu options support all ARM9 architectures and processors listed on
page 1-2. The default is 4T.
In the Basic Edition for ARM7 and the Developer Edition for ARM7, armcc and
armasm --cpu options support 4T and all ARM7 processors listed on page 1-2. The
default is 4T.
In the Evaluation Edition (32K and 64K), the Basic Edition for using both ARM7 and
ARM9, and the Developer Edition for using both ARM7 and ARM9, armcc and
armasm --cpu options support both the ARM7 and ARM9 architectures and processors
listed on page 1-2. The default is 4T.
For more details about the --cpu option, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Assembler
Guide and the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries Guide.
4.13.4
Targeting specific procedure call standard variants
You can specify the following procedure call standard variant.
Interworking
If your application is built from sources that target both the ARM and
Thumb instruction sets, you must specify interworking:
--apcs /interwork
This option is the same in both the compiler and assembler.
Examine the RVDK example project examples_directory\interwork to
see how this option is used.
4-28
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
For more details about this, and other --apcs options, see the RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Assembler Guide and the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries
Guide.
4.13.5
Generating debug information
If you want to debug your image using RealView Debugger, specify the -g or --debug
option. This option name is the same in both the compiler and assembler.
By default, the linker includes debug information (see the description of the --debug
option in the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide).
4.13.6
Optimizing your compiled sources
When you are compiling C or C++ code, the compiler enables you to optimize the
generated code using optimization levels O0, O1, O2 and O3. The default option is O2.
See Table 1-4 on page 1-7 for maximum optimization levels of the RVDK variants.
For more details on the optimizations that are available, see the RealView Developer Kit
v2.2 Compiler and Libraries Guide.
4.13.7
Building an image with a single compiler invocation
By default, the compiler attempts to generate an image from the specified source files.
The default image name is __image.axf.
To specify your own image name, use the -o image_name option. For example:
armcc f1.c f2.c -o myimage.axf
For more details, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries Guide.
4.13.8
Building an image with separate command invocations
To build an image with separate compiler, assembler, and linker commands:
1.
For C and C++ sources, specify the option -c to force the compiler to compile
only, and not link the generated object files. For example:
armcc -c f1.c f2.c
For more details, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries
Guide.
Note
For assembler sources, the assembler (armasm) only generates object files.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
2.
Specify the object files generated in step 1 as part of the linker command. By
default, the linker generates an image with the name __image.axf.
To specify your own image name, use the --output image_name option. For
example:
armlink f1.o f2.o --output myimage.axf
For more details, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide.
4.13.9
Specifying the initial entry point for an image
If your image contains multiple entry points, you must specify a unique initial entry
point for the image. Use the --entry linker option. For example:
armlink --entry 0x8000
For more details, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide.
4.13.10 Creating object libraries
The ARM librarian utility enables you to create object libraries. For example, to create
a library called mylib containing all object files in the current directory, enter the
command:
armar -create mylib *.o
For more information on using the ARM librarian, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2
Linker and Utilities Guide.
4.13.11 Converting images to binary files
The fromELF utility enables you to convert your images to different formats. For
example, to convert the image infile.axf to a plain binary file outfile.bin for
downloading to flash, use the command:
fromelf -bin -o outfile.bin infile.axf
For more information on using the fromELF utility, see the RealView Developer Kit v2.2
Linker and Utilities Guide.
4.13.12 Creating an image memory map with scatter-loading
To create an image memory map, link using a scatter-load description file:
armlink --scatter file
4-30
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
Examine the RVDK example project examples_directory\emb_sw_dev to see an example
scatter file and how it is used.
For more details on creating and using scatter-load description files, see the RealView
Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide.
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Getting Started with RealView Developer Kit
4.13.13 Building the RVDK example Dhrystone project
You can build the RVDK example Dhrystone project using the project makefile
(dhry.mk) or the Windows command file (dhry.bat).
The following commands and options are used to build this project:
armcc -c -W -g -O2 -Otime -Ono_inline -DMSC_CLOCK dhry_1.c dhry_2.c
armlink dhry_1.o dhry_2.o -o dhry.axf --info totals
Table 4-8 describes the options used in these commands.
Table 4-8 Command options used to build the dhry example project
Command
option
Description
-c
Instructs the compiler to create the object files only.
-W
Instructs the compiler to suppress all warning messages.
-g
Instructs the compiler to include debug tables.
-O2
Instructs the compiler to generate fully optimized code.
-Otime
Instructs the compiler to perform optimizations to reduce execution time at
the possible expense of a larger image.
-Ono_inline
Instructs the compiler to disable the inlining of functions.
-DMSC_CLOCK
Instructs the compiler to define the symbol MSC_CLOCK as a preprocessor
macro.
-o dhry.axf
Instructs the linker to create an image with the filename dhry.axf.
--info totals
Instructs the linker to display the totals of the Code and Data (RO Data, RW
Data, ZI Data, and Debug Data) sizes for input objects and libraries.
See the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Compiler and Libraries Guide for a description of
the compiler options.
See the RealView Developer Kit v2.2 Linker and Utilities Guide for a description of the
linker options.
4-32
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Appendix A
Using the armenv Tool
This appendix describes the armenv tool that you can use to manage your ARM
RealView product installations. It includes the following sections:
•
About the armenv tool on page A-2
•
Using the armenv tool on page A-3.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
A-1
Using the armenv Tool
A.1
About the armenv tool
The armenv tool enables you to:
•
set up and remove the environment variables for ARM RealView products
•
check for clashes between the ARM RealView products you have installed
•
set up different varieties of the same product.
Note
You cannot use the armenv tool for Custom installations in this release of RVDK.
You can find the armenv tool at:
install_directory/bin/win_32-pentium
A-2
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Using the armenv Tool
A.2
Using the armenv tool
This section describes the syntax of the armenv command, and shows some examples of
how it can be used. It includes:
•
armenv command syntax
•
armenv command-line arguments
A.2.1
armenv command syntax
The command syntax of the armenv tool is:
armenv [-r root] [-u] -p product [[--and] -p product]... [--user|--sys|--proc]
[--bat|--sh|--csh|--posh|--exec program [args]]
The arguments are described in armenv command-line arguments.
A.2.2
armenv command-line arguments
Table A-1 shows the command-line arguments that are available.
Table A-1 Generic armenv arguments
Argument
Description
--help
Displays help on the command-line arguments.
-r root
The absolute path to the root of the product
installation, install_directory. For example, on
Windows the default root is:
C:\Program Files\ARM
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-p product
The ARM RealView product. See Product syntax on
page A-4 for more details.
--and
Compute settings for all products before this
argument, then do the same for those following it. The
settings in the second group override those in the first.
--proc
Change the environment for the current process only.
You cannot use this argument with --system or --user.
--exec
Execute a program in the new environment.
You cannot use this argument with --bat.
-u
Attempts to undo the changes to the environment that
were made when setting up the product.
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
A-3
Using the armenv Tool
Table A-2 shows the command-line arguments that are specific to Windows systems.
Table A-2 armenv arguments specific to Windows
Argument
Description
--system
Update the Windows SYSTEM area of the registry.
This is the default.
--user
Update the Windows USER area of the registry.
--bat
Changes the environment for the current command
prompt window. This is the default.
Product syntax
The syntax for specifying the product is:
-p category [name] [version [rev]] [-v name value]...
where:
category
The product identifier, for example, RVDK.
name
Do not use this argument (armenv uses the default name Contents).
version
The version number of the product, for example, 2.2. If you do not
specify a version, the most recent version of the installed product is used.
rev
A specific build number for the product. If you do not specify a build
number, the most recent build of the installed product is used.
-v name value
Identifies a variant of the same product.
name
The type of the variant, for example, platform. It is suggested
that you use only the platform variant.
value
The specific variant, for example, win_32-pentium.
For example: -v platform win_32-pentium.
A-4
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Glossary
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
An organization that specifies standards for, among other things, computer software.
This is superseded by the International Standards Organization.
APCS
ARM Procedure Call Standard.
ARM instruction
A word that specifies an operation for an ARM processor to perform. ARM instructions
must be word-aligned.
ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF (ATPE)
The binary file format used by RealView Developer Kit. ATPE object format is
produced by the compiler and assembler tools. The ARM linker accepts ATPE object
files and can output an ATPE executable file. RealView Debugger can load only ATPE
format images, or binary ROM images produced by the fromELF utility.
See also RealView Developer Suite.
armasm
The ARM assembler.
armcc
The ARM C compiler.
ARM-Thumb Procedure Call Standard (ATPCS)
Defines how registers and the stack are used for subroutine calls.
ATPCS
See ARM-Thumb Procedure Call Standard.
ATPE
See ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Glossary-1
Glossary
Breakpoint
A location in the image. If execution reaches this location, the debugger halts execution
of the image.
C file
A file containing C source code.
Cache
A block of high-speed memory locations whose addresses are changed automatically in
response to those memory locations the processor is accessing, and whose purpose is to
increase the average speed of a memory access.
CLI
C Language Interface/Command-Line Interface.
Command-line Interface
You can operate RealView Debugger by issuing commands in response to
command-line prompts. A command-line interface is particularly useful when you have
to run the same sequence of commands repeatedly. You can store the commands in a file
and submit that file to the command-line interface of the debugger.
Compilation
The process of converting a high-level language (such as C or C++) into an object file.
CPU
Central Processor Unit.
C, C++
Programming languages.
Debug With Arbitrary Record Format (DWARF)
ARM code generation tools generate debug information in DWARF2 format by default.
From RVCT v2.2, you can optionally generate DWARF3 format (Draft Standard 9).
Debugger
An application that monitors and controls the execution of a second application. Usually
used to find errors in the application program flow.
DWARF
See Debug With Arbitrary Record Format.
Embedded
Applications that are developed as firmware. Assembler functions placed out-of-line in
a C or C++ program.
See also Inline.
GUI
Graphical User Interface.
Host
A computer that provides data and other services to another computer.
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (USA).
Image
An execution file that has been loaded onto a processor for execution.
Inline
Functions that are repeated in code each time they are used rather than having a
common subroutine. Assembler code placed within a C or C++ program.
See also Embedded.
Glossary-2
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Glossary
Input section
Contains code or initialized data or describes a fragment of memory that must be set to
zero before the application starts.
Interworking
A method of working that allows branches between ARM and Thumb code.
International Standards Organization (ISO)
An organization that specifies standards for, among other things, computer software.
This supersedes the American National Standards Institute.
ISO
See International Standards Organization.
Library
A collection of assembler or compiler output objects grouped together into a single
repository.
Linker
Software that produces a single image from one or more source assembler or compiler
output objects.
Output section
A contiguous sequence of input sections that have the same RO, RW, or ZI attributes.
The sections are grouped together in larger fragments called regions. The regions are
grouped together into the final executable image.
PC
See Program Counter.
Processor
An actual processor, real or emulated running on the target. A processor always has at
least one context of execution.
Program Counter (PC)
Integer register R15.
RAM
Random Access Memory.
RealView ICE Micro Edition (RVI-ME)
A JTAG-based debug tool for embedded systems.
Regions
A contiguous sequence of one to three output sections (RO, RW, and ZI) in an image.
Register
A processor register.
RISC
Reduced Instruction Set Computer.
ROM
Read Only Memory.
RTOS
Real-Time Operating System.
RVI-ME
See RealView ICE Micro Edition.
Scatter loading
Assigning the address and grouping of code and data sections individually rather than
using single large blocks.
ARM DUI 0308A
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Glossary-3
Glossary
Scope
The accessibility of a function or variable at a particular point in the application code.
Symbols that have global scope are always accessible. Symbols with local or private
scope are only accessible to code in the same subroutine or object.
Source File
A file that is processed as part of the image building process. Source files are associated
with images.
Target
The actual target processor, (real or simulated), on which the application is running.
The fundamental object in any debugging session. The basis of the debugging system.
The environment in which the target software will run. It is essentially a collection of
real or simulated processors.
TCC
Thumb C Compiler.
Thumb instruction
A halfword that specifies an operation for an ARM processor in Thumb state to
perform. Thumb instructions must be halfword-aligned.
Variable
A named memory location of an appropriate size to hold a specific data item.
Glossary-4
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Index
A
B
ANSI C library 2-5
ar 2-4
ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF Format
2-2
armar 2-4
armasm 2-3
armcc 2-3
armenv
command syntax A-3
armenv tool A-2
arguments (Windows) A-4
arguments, generic A-3
armlink 2-3
ATPE
see ARM Toolkit Proprietary ELF
Format
Autobinding 4-23
Automatic operations
setting up 4-24
summary 4-23
Binding 4-23
autobinding 4-23
default binding 4-24
specific device binding 4-23
Breakpoints
setting simple 4-13
Build target configurations 4-21
ARM DUI 0308A
C
Call Stack tab 3-6
Cancel command 3-18
Code views 3-6
Code window 3-21
Button toolbars 3-17
button toolbars 3-11
Color Box 3-12
components 3-3
Cursor location field 3-13
customizing toolbars 3-20
debug views 3-7
default 3-3
default panes 3-7
default window 3-5
File Editor pane 3-5
Find toolbar 3-19
focus control 3-24
in-place editing 3-24
JOU 3-13
LOG 3-13
Main menu 3-14
pane controls 3-9
panes 3-7
Processor status 3-13
Status line 3-12
STDIOlog 3-13
title bar 3-4
toolbar 3-11, 3-17
Color Box 3-12
Command line
development tools 2-3
Commands
armenv A-3
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Index-1
Index
Components 2-3
Concepts
debug target 2-6
multithreading 2-7
RTOS 2-7
Concepts and terminology 2-6
see also Glossary
Connections
cycling through 3-18
interdependence with projects 4-23
Container projects 4-20
Custom projects 4-20
Custom windows
using 3-15
Custom Windows option 3-15
Customizing
toolbars 3-20
Cycle Connections button
Code window 3-18
Cycle Threads button 3-18
D
Debug target
concept 2-6
Default binding 4-24
Desktop
adding panes 3-9
bottom pane 3-7
Build menu 3-15
Call Stack pane 3-6
Code window 3-3
Color Box 3-12
Cursor location field 3-13
customizing toolbars 3-20
Debug menu 3-15
Edit menu 3-14
File Editor pane 3-5
File menu 3-14
Find menu 3-14
Find toolbar 3-19
floating toolbars 3-11
focus 3-24
Help menu 3-16
hiding toolbars 3-11
in-place editing 3-24
JOU 3-13
LOG 3-13
Index-2
main menu 3-14
Memory pane 3-7
middle row pane 3-6
Pane Control menu 3-9
pane controls 3-9
pane gripper bar 3-10
Pane menu 3-10
pane reposition control 3-10
pane resize control 3-10
Process Control pane 3-6
Processor status 3-13
Project menu 3-15
scroll bars 3-25
Scroll menu 3-25
side pane 3-6
splash screen 3-2
Status line 3-12
STDIOlog 3-13
substituting panes 3-8, 3-9
tabs 3-25
Target menu 3-15
toolbar 3-11, 3-17
Tools menu 3-15
View menu 3-14
viewing toolbars 3-11
Watch pane 3-7
Documentation
PDF 1-8
Downloads
RTOS Awareness 2-8
Dsm tab 3-6
DWARF2 2-4
I
Images
loading directly 4-8
loading from a project 4-8
loading multi-image applications
4-9
reloading 4-9
unloading 4-10
In-place editing 3-24
focus 3-25
L
Libraries
support 2-4
Library projects 4-20
Licensing 1-6
Locals tab 3-6
M
Encoding format
for searches 3-19
setting in File Editor pane 3-19
Menus
Build 3-15
Debug 3-15
Edit 3-14
File 3-14
Find 3-14
Help 3-16
Pane 3-10
Pane Control 3-9
Project 3-15
Target 3-15
Tools 3-15
View 3-14
Multithreading
concept 2-7
F
P
File Editor
File Editor pane 3-5
FLEXlm license 1-6
Focus
in Code window 3-24
fromELF 2-4
Panes
adding 3-9
bottom 3-7
Call Stack 3-6
File Editor 3-5
focus 3-24
E
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A
Index
hidden 3-10
making a hidden pane visible 3-10
Memory 3-7
middle row 3-6
pane controls 3-9
Process Control 3-6
side 3-6
substituting 3-8
Watch 3-7
Permitted processors 1-2
Projects
autobinding 4-23
automatic operations 4-23
binding 4-23
bound 3-4
build target configurations 4-21
Container 4-20
Custom 4-20
default binding 4-24
interdependence with connections
4-23
Library 4-20
limitations of 4-22
opening 4-5
specific device binding 4-23
Standard 4-20
unbound 3-4
R
Real Time Operating Systems 2-7
RealView Debugger
Code window 3-3
concepts 2-6
desktop 3-2
image reloading 4-9
image unloading 4-10
RealView ICE Micro Edition see
RVI-ME
Reloading
images 4-9
Rogue Wave C++ library 2-4
RTOS 2-7
Awareness Downloads,goto 2-8
concept 2-7
support package 2-8
threads 2-7
RVDK
ARM DUI 0308A
license information 1-6
permitted processors 1-2
supported platforms 1-2
RVI-ME
connection sequence 4-3
license 1-6
S
Scrolling
menu 3-25
Setting top_of_memory 4-14
Software Problem Report
see SPR
Specific device binding 4-23
SPR 3-16
Src tab 3-6
Standard projects 4-20
Standards 2-4
Statics tab 3-6
Support for RTOS 2-8
T
Tabbed pages 3-25
Tabs 3-25
list of available 3-25
red text 3-25
right-click 3-25
right-click on blank area 3-25
right-click on scroll arrow 3-25
using 3-25
Terminology and concepts 2-6
This tab 3-6
Threads 2-7
Threads tab 3-6
Toolbars
Build 3-19
Command cancel 3-18
Connect 3-18
Context controls 3-18
customizing 3-20
Cycle Threads button 3-18
Debug 3-17
Edit 3-17
Encoding field 3-19
Execution controls 3-17
File 3-17
File field 3-19
Find 3-19
Find field 3-19
Image 3-18
Line field 3-19
Source control button 3-19
Stepping controls 3-17
Tooltips 3-17
Top_of_memory, setting 4-14
Tutorial
using tooltips 3-17
U
Unloading
images 4-10
V
Vector catch 4-15–4-17
setting for individual target boards
4-16
setting for particular connection
4-15
setting from debug menu 4-17
W
Watch tabs 3-7
Windows
attachment 3-4
focus 3-24
support for 1-2
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
Index-3
Index
Index-4
Copyright © 2005 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
ARM DUI 0308A

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