DAD FZ10004 User manual

FZ10004
SWITCHING POWER AMPLIFIER
VL
VL
VL
VL
USER MANUAL
EN
All rights reserved by Music & Lights S.r.l. No part of this instruction manual may be
reproduced in any form or by any means for any commercial use.
In order to improve the quality of products, Music&Lights S.r.l. reserves the right to modify the
characteristics stated in this instruction manual at any time and without prior notice.
All revisions and updates are available in the ‘manuals’ section on site www.musiclights.it
REV.001-04/14
FZ10004
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Safety
General instructions
Warnings and installation precautions
General information
2
2
3
1 Introduction
1. 1 Description and technical specifications
1. 2 Main features
1. 3 Front panel overview
1. 4 Rear panel overview
1. 5 Method for AMP module hot plug
4
4
6
7
9
2 Installation
2. 1 Unpacking
2. 2 Mounting
2. 3 Cooling
2. 4 Operating Voltage
2. 5 Grounding
10
10
11
12
12
3 Functions and settings
3. 1 Introduction
3. 2 Operation precautions
3. 3 Signal flow and head room
3. 4 Audio input and output connections
3. 5 Protection, faults and warnings
13
13
13
15
19
4 Maintenance and Specification
4. 1 Maintenance and cleaning the unit
4. 2 Techincal specification
21
21
Warranty
Packing content
1
• FZ10004
• Power cord
• User manual
FZ10004
2
WARNING! Before carrying out any operations with the unit, carefully read this instruction
manual and keep it with cure for future reference. It contains important information about
the installation, usage and maintenance of the unit.
SAFETY
General instruction
• The products referred to in this manual conform to the European Community Directives and are therefore marked with .
• The unit is supplied with hazardous network voltage (230V~). Leave servicing to skilled personnel only.
Never make any modifications on the unit not described in this instruction manual, otherwise you will
risk an electric shock.
• Connection must be made to a power supply system fitted with efficient earthing (Class I appliance according to standard EN 60598-1). It is, moreover, recommended to protect the supply lines of the units
from indirect contact and/or shorting to earth by using appropriately sized residual current devices.
• The connection to the main network of electric distribution must be carried out by a qualified electrical
installer. Check that the main frequency and voltage correspond to those for which the unit is designed
as given on the electrical data label.
• This unit is not for home use, only professional applications.
• Never use the fixture under the following conditions:
- in places subject to vibrations or bumps;
- in places with a temperature of over 45 °C.
• Make certain that no inflammable liquids, water or metal objects enter the fixture.
• Do not dismantle or modify the fixture.
• All work must always be carried out by qualified technical personnel. Contact the nearest sales point for
an inspection or contact the manufacturer directly.
• If the unit is to be put out of operation definitively, take it to a local recycling
plant for a disposal which is not harmful to the environment.
Warnings and installation precautions
• This product in combination with loudspeakers, may be capable of producing dangerous sound levels
that could cause permanent hearing loss. Do not operate for a long period of time at high volume level
or at a level that is uncomfortable.
• Do not install the fixture near sources of heat.
• If this device will be operated in any way different to the one described in this manual, it may suffer
damages and the guarantee becomes void. Furthermore, any other operation may lead to dangers like
short circuit, burns, electric shock, ect.
• The fixture must be located in a place where a proper ventilation or thermal dissipation is not impeded.
Do not install the fixture in a confined space.
• After connecting to the power supply, standby LED lights up to show that some components inside
have already been electrified.
• Linking an output to an oscilloscope - when in “bridge” mode – is forbidden or it will cause damage to
the amplifier and to the equipment.
• The output level of the amplifier must never exceed the marked sensitivity.
• Do not link the output of any amplifier channel back into another channel ‘s input. Do not parallel or
series connect an amplifier’s output with any other amplifier’s output.
• In system’s setup, amplifier’s output power must be from 50% up to 100% greater than the loudspeaker’s rated power.
FZ10004
3
• Make sure that the signal is correctly connected to the amplifier’s input channel and set to the proper input
mode.
• Please turn off the power switch before pulling off the power cord.
• At the beginning, please always set the volume at the -80dB position.
• Before starting any maintenance work or cleaning the unit, cut off power from the main supply.
• Please clean the dust filter placed on front panel.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Shipments and claims
The goods are sold “ex works” and always travel at the risk and danger of the distributor. Eventual damage will have to be claimed to the freight forwarder. Any claim for broken packs will have to be forwarded
within 8 days from the reception of the goods.
Warranty and returns
The guarantee covers the fixture in compliance with existing regulations. You can find the full version of
the “General Guarantee Conditions” on our web site www.musiclights.it. Please remember to register the
piece of equipment soon after you purchase it, logging on www.musiclights.it. The product can be also
registered filling in and sending the form available on your guarantee certificate. For all purposes, the validity of the guarantee is endorsed solely on presentation of the guarantee certificate. Music & Lights will
verify the validity of the claim through examination of the defect in relation to proper use and the actual
validity of the guarantee. Music & Lights will eventually provide replacement or repair of the products declining, however, any obligation of compensation for direct or indirect damage resulting from faultiness.
4
FZ10004
- 1 - INTRODUCTION
1.1 DESCRIPTION AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
FZ10004 is a 4ch amplifier capable to deliver 4x2500W @2Ohm and 4x2100W @4Ohm, in 2U rack mount
only.
These features make it ideal for professional full-range speakers and in multi-amplified system characterized by wide dynamics and high performance.
• The FZ amplifiers series uses the technology of amplification in Class I with SMPS power stage.
• The operation in Class I is based on a continuous and automatic adjustment of the value of the supply
voltage of the final stage. This optimizes the efficiency up to 85%, reducing the weight and heat dissipation comparing with other amplifiers which deliver same output.
• The models of FZ serie are able to operate with loads from 2Ohm and are equipped with an extensive
set of protection circuits to satisfy the higher reliability parameters with high quality profile for fixed
and mobile sonorizations.
1.2 MAIN FEATURES
The amplifier incorporates a number of sophisticated technologies to ensure the best possible performance and many years of reliable operation. Familiarizing yourself with these technologies will prove invaluable in setting up and optimizing your loudspeaker system.
Class I amplifier Continuos and Automatic Adjustment Power Supply
Class I technology combines the exceptional efficiency of a Class D amplifier with the high sonic quality
associated with Class B designs. Class I also incorporates the same basic concepts behind Class H designs,
but here they are refined and pushed to a higher level to achieve greater efficiency.
The Class I output sections work in concert Continuos and Automatic Adjustment Power Supply to create
a superior overall power amplifier topology. Ensures stable, full output power over an extremely wide
range of mains voltage levels. Sagging or fluctuating mains voltage will not affect the power output delivered to the loudspeakers.
Amplifier gain
For greater flexibility in system Integration, amplifier allow gain adjustment from +23dB to +44 dB in 3dB
steps. This feature accommodates any combination of input device and loudspeaker type.
For example, if the input signal is weak, the gain can be boosted to maintain maximum power output
while avoiding a poor signal-to-noise ratio. This gain adjustment feature makes it easier to achieve an
optimal balance between headroom and noise floor.
Voltage Limiter (VL)
The Voltage Limiter (VL) feature allows user adjustments that determine maximum voltage output, thus
matching the amplifier to the connected speaker load. Regardless of load impedance, the VL feature can
be set to ensure that neither temperature nor current limitations are exceeded before reaching the desired voltage threshold.
Protection and performance optimization
Appropriate and reliable power amplification is vital to any audio system. Inadequate or faulty power
amplification could cause damage to the loudspeakers or in some cases to the power amplifiers themselves. To prevent any damage or costly service interruptions, the amplifier offer advanced features to
protect both internal circuits and any connected loads. These features even protect the mains fuse that,
in extreme cases, could be overloaded. Following are short descriptions of standard built-in protection
features:
FZ10004
5
• CPL , (Current Peak Limiter) ensures that the amplifier’s Output does not exceed the safe current handling parameters of amplifier components.
• Temperature protection ensures that the amplifier will not be damaged by exceeding thermal limits.
• VHF , (Very High Frequency) protection circuits mute the output of the amplifier when non dynamic
continuous signals above 10 KHz are detected.
• DC protection ensures destructive DC signals will not appear at the amplifier outputs. If such conditions occur an internal fuse opens and fault indication is displayed.
• Low-impedance (short circuit) protection provides a fault warning indication and shuts down the output stage when, for example, an input signal is present and a malfunctioning cable or driver is short
circuiting the output.
• High-impedance warning reports an alert when, at the same time, output signal is high and no current draw is measured. This situation might occur when no speakers are connected, or when a driver
is blown.
• Low inrush current ensures that the mains breaker will not trip when several power amplifiers are
turned on simultaneously.
Patent AMP Module hot plug in/out technology
Plug in or out directly, so there is no need to switch the power off or turn down signal of the device during
the operation of AMP module.
2Ω Heavy duty non-heat protection
In the condition of 2 heavy duty, the power module will decrease power automatically before thermal
protection to make amplifier outputs normally with without mute. The power module will increase automatically to the preset value after over-heat disappeared.
FZ10004
6
1.3 FRONT-PANEL OVERVIEW
The amplifier’s front panel presents the performance and fault condition indicators, power and remote
switches, and a removable dust-filter cover. Level potentiometers provide individual attenuation for the
amplifier channels. Range is 0dB to - infinity. (The 12 o’clock position indicates -10dB attenuation.) A convenient label strip with writing surface is provided adjacent to each level potentiometer.
To remove the dust-filter covers, loosen the thumbscrews located underneath the front handles. This allows removal of the dust-filters for cleaning. The covers may be made tamper resistant by replacing the
thumbscrews with Philips head or safety Torx screw. Thread size is M3.
The amplifier never should be operated without the dust-filters in place.
Front
The front-panel LED area includes the following indicators per channel:
HI - IMP
VHF
SIG -20
-15 -10
-4
TEM
VL CPL
MUTE
Fig.1 - Front-panel LED area
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
VHF - Very High Frequency protection active (output muted) (Red constant)
TEM - Temperature mute (Red constant)
MUTE - Channel muted due to a fault condition(yellow)
C P L - (yellow cons tant with output muted): Low impedance / short circuit detection fault
VL - Voltage Limiter (VL) active
S IG - Signal levels - 40dB (Sig) to -4dB
Hi-IMP - High-impedance/open load detected (Red)
When no VL, CPL or PAL indicators are illuminated, and the VL DIP-switch is set to maximum at the specified nominal load, the amplifier channel is able to deliver maximum rated output power.
It’s normal light has been shown “BLUE” during power on.
POWER
(PWR) Power on (BLUE)
Fig.2 - Power LED
FZ10004
7
1.4 REAR-PANEL OVERVIEW
MA D E I N C H IN A
CH 4
CH 4
VL
CH 3
VL
CH 2
VL
CH 1
VL
CH 3
CH 2
CH 1
MODE
GAIN
MODE
G A IN
44dB
41dB
38dB
35dB
32dB
29dB
26dB
23dB
MODE
SOFT
HARD
BRIDGE 3+4
BRIDGE 1+2
MODE
SWITCH
S E R IA L N U MB E R :
MODE
V L -V OLTA G E L IMIT E R
150V
70V
121V
56V
101V
47V
83V
38V
A C ~ 11 0 V /2 2 0 V, 5 0 -6 0 H z ; 2 5 0 0 W
CH 4
1
CH 3
3
2
CH 2
CH 1
4
Rear panel
Fig.3
1. MAINS INPUT 110V OR 220V OPERATION (NOT SELECTABLE).
2. DIP-SWITCHES FOR ADJUSTING KEY FEATURES.
3. DMX IN (3-pole XLR):
1 = ground, 2 = DMX -, 3 = DMX +
4. 4 CHANNEL VERSION SHOWN WITH NEUTRIK SPEAKON OUTPUT CONNECTORS.
Configuration section
Four-channel model shown. The amplifier has different VL values. Functions are otherwise identical.
CH 4
VL
CH 3
VL
CH 2
VL
CH 1
VL
MODE
GAIN
MODE
SOFT
HARD
G A IN
44dB
41dB
38dB
35dB
32dB
29dB
26dB
23dB
MODE
MODE
SWITCH
BRIDGE 3+4
BRIDGE 1+2
V L -V OLTA G E L IMIT E R
150V
70V
121V
56V
101V
47V
83V
38V
MODE
DIP-switch features
Fig.4 - DIP-switches on the rear panel
The following features may be adjusted using the DIP-switches on the rear panel of the amplifier.
• Gain - Globally set for all channels, from +23dB to +44 dB in 3dB steps.
• Option active - Not currently implemented.
• Fan Masked - When on, engages the intelligent fan feature; fan speed is lowered when no signal is
present.
• Bridge A+B and C+D - Switches the channel pairs into bridge mode operation An automatic - 6dB gain
compensation is applied.
• VL - The Voltage Limiter provides optimum peak voltage settings for each channel . Eight discrete levels
are selectable.
• Mode - Select VL mode to either Hard or Soft operation. For channels driving sub-woofers and lowfrequency drivers, it is recommended to use the hard setting for optimal operation. For mid- and highfrequency drivers, always select Soft.
FZ10004
8
VL
VL in Bridge Mode
150V
300V
121V
242V
101V
202V
83V
166V
70V
140V
56V
112V
47V
94V
38V
76V
Input and Output connectors
The amplifier is equipped with balanced XLR-F input connectors. Speakon output connectors (SP).
For specific configuration and wiring information, see section 3.4.
Audio inputs - four-channel models
CH 4
CH 3
CH 2
CH 1
Speakon outputs - four-channel models
CH 4
CH 3
CH 2
CH 1
Fig.5 - Input / Output connectors
FZ10004
9
1.5 METHOD FOR AMP MODULE HOT PLUG
How to:
Push in: - Stir the plug in/out bar to the handle (right side), and then push into the bottom of slot directly.
It’s only can be used after an indicative sound from the auto-lock switch that means the module is positioned. (It is very important to make sure that the module has been pushed in completely).
Pull out: - When need to pull out the module, stirring the plug in/out bar to the handle (right side), the
module will draw out from the position automatically, and then pull out the module easily and simple.
Please insert/pull by one time only due to AMP module featuring high power connection.
Idling Auto-lock Device
Plug In/out Bar
Handle
Auto-Lock Switch
Idling Auto-Lock in
Fig.6
FZ10004
10
- 2 - INSTALLATION
2.1 UNPACKING
Carefully open the shipping carton and check for any noticeable damage. The power amplifier is tested
and inspected before leaving the factory and should arrive in perfect condition. If any damage is discovered, please notify the shipping company immediately. Only the consignee may institute a claim with the
carrier for damage incurred during shipping. Save the carton and packing materials. Inspection. Should
you ever need to ship the amplifier, always use the original packaging materials.
2.2 MOUNTING
Free airflow from front-to-rear of the amplifier must be possible. Therefore, no doors or rack-lids should
be mounted in front of or behind the amplifiers. Amplifiers may be stacked directly on top of each other.
There is no need for spacing in between units, though this might enable more convenient installation
of cabling on the rear panel. It is recommended that rear supports be mounted for maximum long-term
stability. Rear support brackets are included.
Standard Accessories (package Included)
Alternative 2:
use tube for flexible - depth installation.
Alternative 1:
use washer for fixed installation.
MA
DE I
MA
NC
H IN
A
DE I
NC
H IN
A
Fig.7 - Rear support bracket
FZ10004
11
2.3 COOLING
The amplifier uses a forced-air cooling system with air flow from front to rear, maintaining a low operating
temperature within defined limits. Front-to-rear airflow is preferred as cooler air is present at the front in
nearly all applications. (This allows higher continuous power levels without encountering thermal problems). Never attempt to reverse the airflow. The amplifier modules require a pressure chamber between
the fans and heat sink, and this effect functions only in one direction.
Make sure that there is an adequate air supply in front of the amplifier, and that the rear of the amplifier
has sufficient space to allow the exhaust to escape. If the amplifier is rack-mounted, do not use covers or
doors on the front or rear of the rack.
Should a heat sink overheat, the temperature sensing circuits will mute the overheating channel.
If the power supply overheats, another sensing circuit will mute all output channels until the power supply cools to safe operating temperature. An early warning before shut down will be indicated on the front
panel LEDs.
Always make sure that the dust-filters behind the detachable front panel are clean to ensure maximum
possible airflow.
If the amplifier malfunctions due to dirty dust filters, any required repairs are not covered by the warranty.
Fig.8 - Cooling system
12
FZ10004
2.4 OPERATING VOLTAGE
The label placed to the right of the mains cable on the rear of the amplifier indicates the AC mains voltage for which the amplifier is wired and approved: 110V or 220V. Connect the power cable only to the
AC source type referred to on the label. The warranty will not cover damage caused by connecting to an
incorrect type of AC mains.
The switch mode amplifiers use primary switching. Because the mains power is rectified directly in front
of the transformer, the amplifier is insensitive to mains frequency. It may be connected to 50 or 60 Hz
sources, and actually will operate on line frequencies from DC to 400 Hz.
The amplifier uses POWERCON connection. If the power plug mounted at the factory is not appropriate for
your country, it can be removed and the proper connector wired in its place as follows:
Wire Distribution:
WHITE
LIVE
BLACK
NEUTRAL
GREEN
EARTH(GROUND)
If you are not 100% confident of your competence to replace the mains plug, engage qualified personnel
to do the job.
Once a suitable AC supply is connected, the amplifier can be turned on using the front panel power switch.
The amplifier then goes through a soft-start. The fans will blow at high speed before dropping to idle, and
the power LED will illuminate.
Inrush power is controlled and limited during soft start , enabling multiple amplifiers to be powered up
simultaneously.
2.5 GROUNDING
There is no ground lift switch or terminal on the amplifiers. The signal ground is always floating, via a restor, to chassis and therefore the grounding system is automatic.
In the interests of safety, never disconnect the earth (ground) pin on the AC power cord.
Use balanced input connections to avoid hum and interference.
FZ10004
13
- 3 - FUNCTIONS AND SETTINGS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The following sections provide comprehensive information on amplifier connection, setup, operation,
and performance. The detailed information included here is essential to realizing the full functionality of
the amplifiers.
3.2 OPERATION PRECAUTIONS
• Make sure that the Power switch on the amplifier front panel are set to off before making any input,
output, and also before manipulating the DIP-switches on the rear panel.
• Make sure that the AC mains voltage is correct and matches the voltage printed on the rear panel of
the amplifier (110V or 220V).
• Make sure that no signal is present at the input to the amplifier when powering up. An input signal
could produce an unintentionally loud initial volume from the speakers.
3.3 SIGNAL FLOW AND HEAD ROOM
Signal flow blocks
The input stage of amplifiers has a high sensitivity to provide ample system headroom. This in effect
means that the input stage is almost impossible to clip.
Overall amplifier input gain is adjusted using the input stage DIP-switches. Please note that the gain setting is global, affecting all channels. Following the input stage, the dedicated level control on each channel allows signal attenuation from 0dB to minus infinity.
The Current Peak Limiter (CPL) section dynamically limits the input signal based on three parameters:
sensed current level, feedback from the output stage, and sensed voltage clip from the VL (and output
amplifier voltage clip if Soft Clip is activated). This ensures that power output is maintained within the
design limits of the amplifier.
The adjustable Voltage Peak Limiter (VL) sets the maximum output voltage and therefore also the maximum output power. Eight different voltage stages are available using the DIP-switches on the rear panel
of all models.
The sophisticated output section monitors faults and generates appropriate warnings, which are displayed on the amplifier front panel. In the rare event that conditions are extraordinarily severe, the amplifier will shut down until the fault or problem setting has been rectified or adjusted. These sensing circuits
are also employed to feed back voltage and current level information, via a side chain, to the limiters.
Sensing circuits also transmit local amplifier module temperature and power supply temperature to the
appropriate protection mechanisms. Read the Protection, Faults and Warnings section for further details.
I
Fig.9
FZ10004
14
Headroom, sensitivity and VL/Gain settings
The input amplifier and limiter system is designed to accommodate extremes of performance. Typically,
exceeding maximum input by much as +10dB will only result in a 1% increase in distortion. The following
schematics illustrate how the adjustable VL and Gain circuitry affect input sensitivity and output power.
The chart to the follow of the drawing below show input sensitivity with a 8 ohm load ad and 150V peak
(max.) and 38V peak (min.) respectively for the eight different gain stages between +23dB and +44dB. The
resulting output power is displayed in dBu, Vrms and watts in the tables to the far right.
The headroom available through the input stage to the clip limiter is shown by the dotted lines as +10
dB at 150V peak and +16.1dB at 38V peak. These lines illustrate the additional signal level that can be accepted at the input before any significant distortion will appear at the input stage.
If you use the level potentiometer in the signal chain to reduce the level by an amount greater than the
headroom relative to input sensitivity, AND you drive the amplifier to clip level, you are in danger of clipping the input stage before the current or voltage peak limiters are activated.
When bridging two channels, you must add +6dB to the input sensitivity to achieve maximum output
voltage due to the automatic - 6dB gain compensation inserted by the amplifier.
VL and GAIN settings
I
VL set to 150 VPEAK
Input
Gain set to:
sensitivity
(DIP-switches)
dBu / Vrms
1,0
4,0
7,0
10,0
13,0
16,0
19,0
22,0
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0,87
1,23
1,7
2,5
3,5
4,9
6,9
9,8
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
44
41
38
35
32
29
26
23
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
+ 10 dB headroom to clip
relative to input sensitivity *)
VL set to 38VPEAK
Input
sensitivity
dBu / Vrms
-10,1 / 0,24
-7,1 / 0,34
-4,1 / 0,5
-1,1 / 0,7
1,9 / 1,0
4,9 / 1,4
7,9 / 1,9
10,9, / 2,7
Gain set to:
(DIP-switches)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
44
41
38
35
32
29
26
23
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
Voltage Limiter
set to:
(DIP-switches)
Output
power
dBu / Vrms
Output Power
@ 8 Ohm
150 Vpeak
45,0 / 106
1300 W
121 Vpeak
101 Vpeak
83 Vpeak
70 Vpeak
56 Vpeak
43,8 / 86
42,1 / 72
40,5 / 59
39,2 / 50
37,3 / 40
924 W
648 W
435 W
312 W
200 W
47 Vpeak
35,6 / 33
38 Vpeak
33,9 / 27
130 W
+ 16,1 dB headroom to clip
relative to input sensitivity*)
91 W
*) Headrom limited to +5dB at Gain set to +23 dB at Max. VL
Fig.10
FZ10004
15
3.4 AUDIO INPUT AND OUTPUT CONNECTIONS
Balanced Input connections
The XLR input connectors are electronically balanced, and wired according to the IEC 268 standard (pin 2
= hot). XLR input connectors should be wired as follows:
Pin 1 Ground/Shield
Pin 2 Hot (+)
Pin 3 Cold (-).
XLR input connectors
Audio inputs - four-channel models
CH 4
CH 3
CH 2
CH 1
Fig.11
When linking the same source signal to several input channels, be aware that there is a limit to the number
of channels an output source Can drive . A typical output source (e.g. a DSP crossover unit) can drive up to
four amplifier channels before external line-drivers might be required to buffer the signal.
Unbalanced Input connections
To connect an input to an unbalanced source, it is possible to connect pins 1 and 3 in the XLR plug at the
amplifier end of the cable. However, a better method is to connect pin 3 to the shield at the source end of
the cable, as this usually results in better hum and noise rejection. Balanced input connections are recommended whenever possible.
Unbalanced Input connections
Fig.12
FZ10004
16
Speakon Output connections
Amplifier is equipped with the Speakon output connectors.
Speakon outputs - four-channel models
CH 4
CH 3
CH 2
CH 1
Fig.13
Four -channel amplifiers are wired in the following manner. The right Speakon connector, Channel A+B,
provides outputs for both Channel A and Channel B. This output is useful when wiring the amplifier for
bridged mono operation. See section 3.4. The left Speakon connector provides an output for Channel B
only. Connect the + and -loudspeaker cables as shown in the illustrations below.
Channel A, B, C, D for each separate Speakons
Channel A and B into one Speakon
(Channel C and D into One Speakon)
Bridge mode connects to1+/2+ of Channel A
1+/2+ of Channel C
Fig.14
Never connect an output terminal to ground, or to any other input or output. Observe relative loudspeaker polarity: loudspeakers connected in reverse polarity will exhibit degraded performance, particularly in
bass frequencies, and may be damaged as a consequence.
Use a high-quality stranded loudspeaker cable, and keep cable runs as short as possible.
FZ10004
17
Output bridge mode
When bridged, the input source must be connected to input A (A+B) or C (C+D) respectively.
Output speakon cables must be connected to the bridge on channel 1+/2+ of channel 1 and 3+/4.+
of channel 4. The main benefit of bridging the output is a doubling of output voltage. Bridging can be
used to turn a four-channel by amplifier, for example into a three-channel amplifier with 2 x 1300W and 1
x 4200W at 8 ohms or 2 x 2100W and 1 x 5000W at 4 ohms
Most power amplifier designs, when bridged, automatically introduce a +6 dB input gain boost which
can lead the user to conclude that said amplifier delivers more than double the power when in bridge
mode. This is clearly not the case, as the gain boost artificially enhances perceived power at the cost of
headroom. The amplifiers work on globally set constant gain, and automatically compensate the input
gain by -6dB. For example, if the amplifier is configured in a three-channel mode, then the selected gain is
maintained from input to output on all channels.
Amplifier Gain
The amplifiers feature adjustable input gain. This versatility enables the amplifier to accommodate a multitude of system configurations with various input sources and speaker layouts. Amplifier gain is set globally
for all channels. The range is +23dB to +44dB in 3dB steps. Individual channel fine level adjustment is available using the potentiometers on the front panel.
The unique adjustable input gain feature of the amplifier makes it easier to attain the optimum balance
between headroom and signal-to noise ratio in the signal path. A weak signal at the input might require
the gain to be raised in order to achieve maxi- mum output power with the lowest signal -to-noise ratio. A
hot input signal, however, would require a lowering of the gain to avoid sending the amplifier into Voltage
or Current clipping. See Appendix to review the table containing Gain versus VL setting implications for
input sensitivity and output power. Bridge mode operation automatically compensates by -6dB, keeping
all channels at the same gain.
Channel gain/level (front-panel pots)
Individual channel gain (level) may be adjusted using the potentiometers located on the front panel.
Range is from 0dB to -infinity. The attenuation is -10dB.
If the level control is used to attenuate to a lower level than the headroom relative to input sensitivity AND
the amplifier input is driven into clip, there is a danger of clipping the input stage before the current or
voltage limiters are activated.
Amplifier sensitivity
Sensitivity is defined as how many Volts (rms) or dBu (referred to 0.775V rms) are required to achieve full
(maximum) output power. As the output power varies with the load impedance, 4 ohms is usually the
common reference. Since the amplifiers are capable of providing multiple maximum output power levels
through use of the VL feature, many sensitivity calculations may be required for a single amplifier.
Output Voltage Limiter (VL)
Voltage Limiter (VL) is a unique feature in amplifiers. It is used to select the maxi- mum power available on
each output channel. VL levels are set using the rear-panel DIP-switches; eight level positions are offered.
The values for VL are displayed as maximum Voltage Peak. To translate Voltage Peak into Vrms, you must
divide the Voltage Peak values by 1.41 (see table). The VL allows you to set the correct maximum output
peak power for optimum performance with the connected speakers. The correct setting depends on the
system type and the specific load connected to the channel. Since each channel can be configured to
deliver either very high voltage peak power OR high current draw at low-impedances, it is important to
set the VL correctly. If you choose a lower VL setting, you only reduce the maximum output voltage. At the
same time, this allows more current headroom for low-impedance loads. The amplifier thus runs at higher
efficiency, with a significantly reduced risk of going into thermal protection.
FZ10004
18
V peak (VL)
V rms
150
106
121
86
101
72
83
59
70
50
56
40
47
33
38
27
Output Current Peak Limiter (CPL)
The Current Peak Limiter (CPL) ensures that the amplifier will not be damaged by forcing the amplifier to
deliver current levels to the outputs that exceed the physical limits of the transistors. The CPL keeps the
amplifier within the Safe Operating Area (SOA.)
The CPL is non-adjustable and has different limit values depending on model type.
CPL activity is indicated by illumination of an orange LED for each channel on the front panel.
A steadily illuminated orange CPL LED (with MUTE illuminated) indicates a short circuit situation (or very
low-impedance). The output will mute for 6 seconds before measuring the output impedance again. This
will continue until the short circuit is fixed, at which time the output will automatically un-mute. An input
signal must be present to allow detection of short circuit or low-impedance conditions.
The problem can be solved by checking input and output cables and examining the state of the loudspeaker load. If there is no short circuit present, then the condition may be rectified by lowering the VL or
input levels.
FZ10004
19
3.5 PROTECTION, FAULTS AND WARNINGS
Introduction
The amplifier incorporate a sophisticated and comprehensive set of protection features. Faults and warnings are indicated on the front panel and reported.
Safe Operating Area detector (SOAD)
The Safe Operating Area Detector (SOAD) compares output voltage against output current to ensure that
the output transistors are working inside their safe operating area.
The SOAD provides fault monitoring and input to the Current Peak Limiter (CPL). The SOAD has no dedicated indicator, and its operation is revealed only in conjunction with features such as the CPL.
Very high frequency (VHF) protection
The amplifier include protection circuits that detect continuous Very High Frequency content in the input
signal. The detection begins at approximately 10KHz and moves upwards to include ultrasonic signals If
VHF signals are detected, output will mute for 6 seconds before re-measuring.
Once no continuing VHF signal is detected, the output un-mutes and returns to normal operation.
This feature recognizes that continuous full-scale VHF signals do not appear in natural sources such as
music. Any such signals can therefore be considered as a fault when present. VHF protection is essential in
avoiding damage to high frequency drivers.
The VHF protection operational area is dependent on output power level and frequency. The illustration
below shows a decreasing threshold on the output power level, starting at approximately 10KHz and
rising with a -6dB slope. This defines the VHF protection area. When continuous output power above the
threshold line is detected the VHF protection becomes active.
Output
power
VHF prot ection
operation area
- 6 dB slope
Max . Peak
output power
Slow
Attack time
V HF protection
Max . Continous
output power
Fast
20 Hz
10 kHz
20 kHz
30 kHz
20 Hz
10 kHz
20 kHz
30 kHz
Fig.15
The Attack time for the VHF protection is increasingly shorter at higher frequencies. For example, an ultrasonic continuous signal will cause the outputs to mute rapidly, where it will take several milliseconds for a
10KHz continuous signal to trigger the output mute. This is shown in the illustration above.
The VHF protection is NOT a limiter and does not alter the amplifier’s frequency response it is implemented solely to detect continuous VHF content. The amplifier will always pass VHF peaks at full power, with no
effect on musical “transients”.
The VHF protection is indicated by a red LED on the amplifier front panel, with output muting for 6 seconds when in action. If you bench test the amplifier using a continuous, full scale sine-wave input above
10KHz, the VHF protection will activate and prevent measurement of full peak output power. (Output will
be muted long before maximum output power is attained.) To measure the true peak output power, use
a burst signal.
DC protection
DC protection is implemented on each output to prevent damage to connected loudspeakers. DC present
at the output will trigger muting and illuminate the fault LED indicator. Any DC present at the output indicates a hardware malfunction that requires servicing of the amplifier.
20
FZ10004
Safe Operating Area detector (SOAD)
The Safe Operating Area Detector (SOAD) compares output voltage against output current to ensure that
the output transistors are working inside their safe operating area.
The SOAD provides fault monitoring and input to the Current Peak Limiter (CPL). The SOAD has no dedicated indicator, and its operation is revealed only in conjunction with features such as the CPL.
High-impedance warning (open load)
A high-impedance (open load) condition is indicated when an input signal above approximately -29dB is
detected and no functioning loudspeakers are connected to the amplifier. The fault in indicated by a red
Sig/Hi-imp LED. The indicator is green when a valid load is present under the same input signal conditIons.
Since the Hi - impedance detection initially triggers only when the input signal rises above -29dB, it might
cause the indicator to first turn green, and then red, even in situations where no speaker is connected.
Low-impedance protection warning
A low impedance or short circuit fault is detected when current draw is high (Current Peak Limiter active) and when, simultaneously, output signal is low (-4dB LED does not illuminate). When this occurs, the
amplifier protects the output stage from damage by muting the output signal and bypassing the circuits.
Indication of this fault is a constant red illumination of the Current Peak
Limiter (CPL) LED on the front panel. The protection will sequence at 6 second intervals to re-measure
conditions. If the low-impedance fault is no longer detected, the amplifier will un-mute.
If the CPL turns constant orange, the output is muted, and the -4dB signal LED is ON, then the amplifier has
gone into maximum current protection. This situation is caused by an excessive input signal and is not due
to a short circuit. Turn down the input signal to avoid or remedy this situation.
Temperature protection
If the temperature becomes too high to continue safe operation, the overheated output channel(s) will be
muted until the temperature returns to an acceptable level.
Fully active temperature protection (with muting) is indicated by a constantly illuminated TEM LED.
Temperature measurements will continue at 6 second intervals. The output will un-mute when the channel or power supply returns to a safe operating temperature.
Power Average Limiter (PAL )
The Power Average Limiter (PAL) controls the current-drawing relationship between the power supply and
the mains inlet. PAL limits the maximum average power consumption according to the power supply capabilities, ensuring that the PSU will not overload. In addition, in the larger models that potentially could
pull more current from the mains than the mains fuses are specified to handle (more than 16 A), PAL limits
the amplifier’s maximum current draw to prevent blowing the mains fuse.
Soft - Start
High powered amplifiers with inadequate inrush limiting can pull considerable current from the mains at
turn-on. This can result in tripping of fast acting mains breakers. Such is not the case with amplifiers. The
amplifiers have very low inrush power as the capacitors are charged slowly and in a controlled manner
ensuring that breakers will not trip.
FZ10004
21
- 4 - MAINTENANCE AND SPECIFICATION
4.1 MAINTENANCE AND CLEANING THE UNIT
During normal operation your amplifier will provide trouble-free service. The only user maintenance required is to periodically vacuum clean the foam dust-filters behind the front grille.
In some extreme cases it may be necessary for authorized service personnel to clean the inside of the amplifier. These conditions usually occur after prolonged use in extreme environments such as those using
cracked oil smoke machines. If you are using your amplifier in a heavy duty application, it is recommended
to have your amplifier serviced every 1 years purely as a preventative action.
4.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Technical Data
FX10004
8 Ohm stereo power (all ch.s driven)
1300Wx4
4 Ohm stereo power (all ch.s driven)
2100Wx4
2 Ohm stereo power (all ch.s driven)
2500Wx4
4 Ohm bridge power (per ch.)
5000Wx2
Performance with Gain
35dB and VL:150 V
Frequency response
6.8Hz-34Khz@ 8 Ohm -3 dB
THD at 1 kHz and 1dB below clipping
<0.05%
Slew rate
>20V/us
Output impedance at 100 Hz
56mOhm
S/N rate
>112dB
Input gain
23-26-29-32-35-38-41-44 dB
Input impedance
20kOhm
Protection
Voltage Limiter, (VL) Over-heat, VHF, VLF Short-circuit, DC, Power Limiter (PL)
Power voltage / frequency
230V /50Hz
Dimensions (WxHxD)
482x88x430 mm
Net weight
13.50 Kg
Gross weight
15.50 Kg
"
The guarantee covers the unit
in compliance with existing
regulations. You can find the
full version of the “General
Guarantee Conditions” on our
web site www.musiclights.it.
Abstract
General Guarantee Conditions
• Please remember to register the
piece of equipment soon after you
purchase it, logging on
www.musiclights.it. The product
can be also registered filling in
and sending the form available on
your guarantee certificate.
• Defects caused by inexperience
and incorrect handling of the
equipment are excluded.
• The guarantee will no longer be
effective if the equipment has
been tampered.
• The guarantee makes no provision
for the replacement of the
equipment.
• External parts, loudspeaker,
handles, switches and removable
parts are not included in the
guarantee.
• Transport costs and subsequent
risks are responsibility of the
owner of the equipment.
• For all purposes, the validity of
the guarantee is endorsed solely
on presentation of the guarantee
certificate.
Il prodotto è coperto da garanzia
in base alle vigenti normative.
Sul sito www.musiclights.it è
possibile consultare il testo
integrale delle “Condizioni
Generali di Garanzia”.
Estratto dalle
Condizioni Generali di Garanzia
• Si prega, dopo l’acquisto, di
procedere alla registrazione del
prodotto sul sito www.musiclights.it.
In alternativa il prodotto può essere
registrato compilando e inviando il
modulo riportato sul retro.
• Sono esclusi i guasti causati da
imperizia e da uso non appropriato
dell’apparecchio.
• La garanzia non ha più alcun effetto
qualora l’apparecchio sia stato
manomesso.
• La garanzia non prevede la
sostituzione dell’apparecchio.
• Sono escluse dalla garanzia le
parti esterne, gli altoparlanti, le
manopole, gli interruttori e le parti
asportabili.
• Le spese di trasporto e i rischi
conseguenti sono a carico del
possessore dell’apparecchio.
• A tutti gli effetti la validità della
garanzia è avallata unicamente
dalla presentazione del certificato di
garanzia.
CERTIFICATO DI GARANZIA
GUARANTEE CERTIFICATE
"
Place Stamp Here
Affrancare
Spett.le
Music&Lights S.r.l.
Via Appia Km 136.200
04020 Itri (LT) Italy
"
Purchased by / Acquistato da
SERIAL N° / SERIE N°
MODEL / MODELLO
SURNAME / COGNOME
Purchased by / Acquistato da
SERIAL N° / SERIE N°
MODEL / MODELLO
Dealer’s stamp
and signature
N.
PROV.
"
"
SURNAME / COGNOME
CITY / CITTà
ADDRESS / VIA
NAME / NOME
N.
NAME / NOME
ADDRESS / VIA
CITY / CITTA’
Dealer’s stamp
and signature
Timbro e firma
del Rivenditore
ZIP CODE / C.A.P.
Timbro e firma
del Rivenditore
Purchasing date
Data acquisto
PROV.
Purchasing date
Data acquisto
FORM TO BE FILLED IN AND KEPT / CEDOLA DA COMPILARE E CONSERVARE
ZIP CODE / C.A.P.
FORM TO BE FILLED IN AND MAILED / CEDOLA DA COMPILARE E SPEDIRE
©2014 Music & Lights S.r.l.
DAD is a brand of Music & Lights S.r.l. company.
Via Appia, km 136,200 - 04020 Itri (LT) - ITALY
Phone +39 0771 72190 - Fax +39 0771 721955
www.musiclights.it - email: [email protected]
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company
DAD è un brand di proprietà della Music & Lights S.r.l.
MUSIC & LIGHTS S.r.l.