Advanced Test Equipment Rentals

®
Advanced Test Equipment Rentals
E stablished 1981
www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)
Audio Analyzer UPL
T h e solution for the budget-conscious
• For all interfaces:
analog, digital and combined
• Real dual-channel measurements
• Maximum dynamic range
• Versatile functions
• FFT analysis
• Compact unit with integrated PC
• Jitter analysis
• Automatic test sequences
• Interface tester
• Extensive online help
• Freely programmable filters
Audio analysis today and tomorrow
analyzers, UPL is capable of perform-
UPL provides signal monitoring via
ing real dual-channel measurements in
loudspeaker, jitter measurements on
Audio signal processing is nowadays
the audio-frequency range, ie there is
digital audio signals, resynchroniza-
no longer conceivable without the use
no need for switch-over between two
tion of jittered digital audio signals by
of digital techniques. Yet, analog tech-
inputs and this type of measurement is
means of a jitter-free clock signal, and
nology continues to exist and under-
not limited to a few special cases.
many more features.
Analog and digital
goes constant improvement. State-ofthe-art measuring instruments must
The generator is every bit as versatile:
therefore be able to handle both ana-
it supplies any conceivable signal from
log and digital signal processing.
sinewave and noise signals through to
Audio Analyzer UPL performs practi-
Superior analysis concept
multi-sinewave signals comprising up to
UPL performs all measurements using
7400 frequencies.
digital signal processing. Analog signals to be tested undergo elaborate
cally all types of analog measurement,
from frequency response measure-
In addition to all this, UPL features
preprocessing before they are digi-
ments through to externally controlled
excellent technical data: analog sine-
tized and measured by means of dig-
sweeps with reference traces, determi-
wave generation with harmonics of
ital routines. For example, in THD
nation of 3rd-order difference fre-
typ. −120 dB, spectrum displays with
measurements, the fundamental is
quency distortion, spectral display of
a noise floor below −140 dB for ana-
attenuated by means of a notch filter
demodulated wow and flutter signals,
log and −160 dB for digital interfaces,
and the residual signal amplified by
etc. In contrast to many other audio
FFT with a maximum frequency resolu-
30 dB before it is digitized. In this way,
tion of 0.05 Hz, etc.
the dynamic range can be extended
2
Audio Analyzer UPL
beyond that offered by the internal
• The filters, too, are implemented
A future-proof investment
20-bit converter. This provides suffi-
digitally, resulting in an infinite
cient margin for measuring converters
number of filters as it were, and
Nobody can accurately predict today
of the future, which will be technically
this also for measurements on ana-
what effects future developments in dig-
more advanced than those of present-
log interfaces. Simply choose the
ital technology will have on the audio
day technology (see graph below). This
type of filter (eg highpass), cutoff
world and what will be the resulting test
concept guarantees performance and
frequency and attenuation: that’s
requirements. This is however no prob-
flexibility by far superior to instruments
all you have to do to loop a new
lem for Audio Analyzer UPL. Since all
providing purely analog or digital
filter into the test path
test functions are implemented digitally,
UPL can be adapted to changing
measurements.
requirements by simply loading the
necessary software – and this also for
Performance
Digital
analysis
and analog
preprocessing
the analog interfaces.
And one more thing: Rohde & Schwarz
is the only manufacturer to equip its
Purely
digital
measurements
audio analyzers with 32-bit floating-
Purely
analog
measurements
point signal processors throughout,
thus offering plenty of reserves beyond
the limits of today’s common 24-bit
technology.
A competent partner
The name of Rohde & Schwarz stands
The intelligent combination of analog and digital measurement
techniques paves the way for future applications
for excellent quality – thousands of
audio analyzers have proven records
at satisfied customers and have been in
The above measurement concept offers
• In intermodulation measurements,
operation successfully for many years.
many other advantages over merely
spurious components are mea-
After the purely analog UPA and UPD,
analog concepts:
sured selectively for all frequencies
which still holds the top position in
in accordance with the mathemati-
today’s audio measurement technology,
cal formula of the relevant test
Audio Analyzer UPL has been devel-
digital interfaces are identical. This
standards. This procedure avoids
oped to complete the product line.
allows, for instance, the direct
the measurement of adjacent com-
comparison of IMD measurements
ponents along with the spuria,
As a competent partner we shall be
made ahead of and after a con-
which is usually inevitable with an-
pleased to advise you on the optimum
alog test methods
use of our instruments. Our representa-
• The test routines for analog and
verter
• All test functions are available both
• Measurement speed is as a rule
tives are available for you all over the
on the analog and the digital inter-
higher than with analog techniques
world, and our customer support center
faces. This makes it possible to
since digital test routines can
and application engineers in Munich
measure at any point of a common
adapt their speed to the input fre-
help you find the right solution to your
analog and digital transmission
quency. And – last but not least:
measurement tasks. In addition, you
path. Only this ensures efficient
• Operation is the same for the ana-
will find a wealth of proposals and
and complete testing
log and the digital interfaces. A
solutions in our application notes and
feature that should not be under-
software.
estimated
Naturally, Rohde & Schwarz instruCertified Quality System
ISO 9001
ments are certified in compliance with
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.
DQS REG. NO 1954-04
Audio Analyzer UPL
3
An allrounder
Test signals – as you like it
The generators of UPL supply an
Fig. 1: Automatic marking of harmonics in THD+N measurements makes nonharmonics visible at a glance
extremely wide variety of analog and –
with options UPL-B2 or UPL-B29 –
digital test signals:
• Sinewaves
for level and harmonic distortion
measurements. The signal can be
applied to an equalizer with userselectable nominal frequency response, eg for compensating the
frequency response of the test assembly
• Two-tone signal
Fig. 2: In THD measurements, single harmonics, all harmonics
or any combination of harmonics can be measured
for modulation distortion analysis.
Various amplitude ratios can be selected and the frequencies are continuously adjustable
• Difference tone signal
with a variety of probability distri-
with continuous setting of both fre-
butions, eg for acoustic measure-
quencies
ments; setting of crest factor with
• Multitone signal
comprising up to 17 sinewaves of
UPL-B6
• Arbitrary waveforms
any frequency and with the same
for generating any voltage curve
or different amplitude; setting the
of up to 16k points. Test signals
phase is also possible with UPL-B6
can be output in different file for-
• Sine burst signal
Fig. 3: The waveform function displays the test signal in the
time domain. The example shows a sinewave burst
• Noise
for intermodulation measurements
with adjustable interval and ontime as well as programmable low
level, eg for testing AGCs
• Sine2 burst
also with adjustable interval and
on-time, eg for testing rms rectifier
circuits
• Special multitone signal
mats, eg voice and music signals
stored as WAV files
• Two-channel sinewave signals
for the two digital output channels
when UPL-B6 is used
• AM and FM
for sinewave signals
• DC
also with sweep function
comprising up to 7400 frequencies
with selectable amplitude distribu-
Signals can be generated with an
tion. The frequency spacing can be
offset. Moreover, digital audio signals
linked to the resolution used for the
can be dithered with adjustable level
fast Fourier transform, thus en-
and selectable amplitude distribution.
abling rapid and precise singleFig. 4: The transient characteristics of an AGC play an important role in testing hearing aids or automatic volume control on
tape recorders
4
Audio Analyzer UPL
shot measurements of the frequency response of a DUT
• Modulation distortion
to DIN-IEC 268-3. 2nd and 3rd order intermodulation is measured
• Intermodulation
using the difference tone method.
2nd and 3rd order intermodulation
is measured
• Wow and flutter
to DIN IEC, NAB, JIS or the
2-sigma method to DIN IEC where
the demodulated-signal spectrum is
also displayed
• DC voltage
• Frequency, phase and group delay
• Polarity
Signal paths are checked for
reversed polarity
• Crosstalk
• Waveform function
for representing the test signal in the
time domain (Fig. 3). Waveforms
can be smoothed by interpolation.
Slow sequences can be displayed
compressed, eg for analyzing the
Versatile test functions
• Selective level
The center frequency of the band-
transient response of compander or
AGC circuits (Fig. 4)
UPL offers a wealth of measurement
pass filter can be swept or coupled
functions both for analog and – with
to the generator frequency, to the
UPL-B6:
option UPL-B2/-B29 – for digital inter-
frequencies of a multitone signal (eg
coherence and transfer functions
faces.
for fast frequency response mea-
for determining the transfer charac-
surements) or to the input signal
teristics of complex test signals;
• Level or S/N
• SINAD or THD+N
with rms, peak or quasi-peak
The sum of all harmonics and noise
weighting;
is measured (Fig. 1)
high measurement speeds due to
• Total harmonic distortion (THD)
automatic adaptation of integra-
Individual harmonics, all the har-
tion times to input signal
monics or any combination of har-
• Extended Analysis Functions
third octave analysis mainly for
acoustic measurements;
rub & buzz measurements in loudspeaker production
monics can be measured (Fig. 2)
Tests on hi-fi components call for increasingly complex measurement techniques. Results
obtained in the test lab must be verified in production, where as a rule not the whole range
of test functions is needed but economical solutions to cater for large batches. UPL is an
ideal choice for this task. It optimally complements its “bigger brother“, Audio Analyzer
UPD, which is mainly employed in development. The operating concept of the two units
based on the same IEC/IEEE-bus commands is identical, so there is no problem using them
jointly
Audio Analyzer UPL
5
All-in package
Fig. 5: FFT spectrum of two-tone signal shown on full screen
Spectrum analysis
A variety of sweep functions
With its FFT analyzer, UPL is also capa-
For continuous variation of the test
ble of spectrum analysis. The number of
signals, UPL offers amplitude and fre-
samples for fast Fourier transform can
quency sweeps and for bursts addi-
be selected between 256 and 16k in
tionally sweeps of interval and on-
binary steps (Fig. 5). A special feature
time. Sweeps are defined either by
is zoom FFT. The signal to be measured
means of a table or via parameters
is digitally preprocessed to increase the
such as start value, number of steps,
frequency resolution by a factor of 2 to
linear/ log stepping or time interval. It
128 over a selectable range. In this
is also possible to sweep two variab-
way, a maximum resolution of 0.05 Hz
les simultaneously.
is attained. It should be emphasized
that this is not just a scale expansion
In measurements of external signals,
but the measurement is really made at
these can be used for analyzer sweeps
a higher resolution (Fig. 6).
(external sweeps). Many different start
conditions can be set, allowing mea-
Fig. 6: With the zoom FFT function, sidebands spaced only a
few hertz from the signal can be displayed
surements to be triggered by a variety
Programmable filters
of events. Results will be stable even
for DUTs with unknown or unstable
The filters of UPL are software-imple-
transient response thanks to the
mented so that the user can define any
settling function.
number of filters. The most common
weighting filters are provided as
standard. Further filters can be programmed in a few seconds by entering the type (lowpass, highpass, bandpass, bandstop, notch, third octave or
octave), frequency and attenuation
(Fig. 7). The instrument’s open archiFig. 7: Filters can be defined by entering just a few
parameters
tecture shows its strength in particular
where special requirements have to be
met: special filters can be implemented using commercial filter design
programs. The data are transferred to
UPL and the created filter is looped
into the signal path.
Fig. 8: Tolerance curves enable fast go/nogo tests
6
Audio Analyzer UPL
• Built-in hard disk and disk drive
The strengths of UPL
show up especially in
mobile use. The unit is
compact and lightweight and requires no
additional equipment.
Results are stored in the
built-in PC and thus
available for later use.
Routine measurements
can be repeated easily
using stored instrument
settings
• Connectors for keyboard, mouse,
monitor, printer and plotter
• Centronics interface for connecting
printer or network
• Drivers for commercial printers are
supplied as standard
• Remote control via IEC/IEEE bus or
RS-232-C interface
• Postprocessing of results directly in
UPL using standard software
• All results available in the common
data formats, making it easy to import graphics into documents, for
example
• Easy loading of function and software extensions via floppy disk
• Automatic test sequences and mea-
Audio Analyzer UPL is a compact unit
UPL features elaborate screening such
surement programs with universal
with an integrated controller. It avoids
as magnetically shielded power trans-
sequence controller. Easy genera-
the disadvantages of external PC con-
formers and coated filter pane in front
tion of programs with built-in pro-
trol, which is found in other audio ana-
of the display.
gram generator
lyzers.
And a real boon: the price of UPL
The instrument is easy to transport as it
includes the internal PC.
requires no external equipment such
as keyboard, monitor or other PC
peripherals.
UPL is supplied ready for use. InstallaBlock diagram of UPL
tion is nothing more than unpacking
dened with problems that cropped up
la
Ba
Ba
la
the measurement. The user is not bur-
nc
ed
Sy
n
Re c
fe
r
O enc
p
e
Un tica
b l
Ba ala
la nc
nc ed
ed
nc
ed
Ba
la
Un nc
b ed
O alan
pt c
e
i
Re cal d
fe
Sy ren
nc ce
the unit and switching it on for starting
in the past with the installation of interAnalog
preprocessing
face cards or PC software.
With audio analyzers controlled from
an external PC, interference may be
Audio
monitor
(option)
Digital
analysis
Digital I/Os (option)
Software options:
- digital interface analysis
- digital protocol analysis
- automatic sequence controller
- extended analysis functions
Analyzers
radiated from the PC, monitor or inter-
Digital
signal
generation
Analog
outputs
Low distortion
generator
(option)
Generators
face connections, which distorts measurement results. Not so with UPL: the
instrument has specified EMC characteristics which also include the internal
Disk
drive
Centronics
Hard disk
RS-232-C
RS-232-C
External keyboard
External monitor
IEC/IEEE
bus
(option)
PC. In contrast to conventional PCs,
Audio Analyzer UPL
7
Interfaces, protocol analysis, jitter
Analog interfaces
Fig. 9: Individual interference components can easily be
found with the aid of the jitter spectrum
• The clock rates of the analyzer and
• Balanced inputs with high common-
generator are independent of each
mode rejection and various imped-
other. This allows measurements on
ances commonly used in the studio.
sample rate converters
Measurements can be made on
lines with phantom feed
• Balanced outputs, floating (eg to
• The word length can be selected
between 8 and 24 bits independently for generator and analyzer
prevent hum loops)
• The generator outputs can be internally connected to the analyzer
inputs so that different types of
measurement can be made without
the need for changing the cabling
Digital audio interfaces
(options UPL-B2 and UPL-B29)
Fig. 10: Display of jitter signal in time domain
• Balanced (XLR), unbalanced (BNC)
and optical (TOSLINK) inputs and
outputs for connecting consumer
electronics and professional studio
equipment
• The levels of the balanced and unbalanced outputs are adjustable so
that the sensitivity of digital audio
inputs can be determined
• The format of the generated channel status data may be professional or consumer irrespective of the
selected interface
Improvement of audio quality of sound cards and multimedia equipment – a task for UPL
• A reference (XLR) and a synchroniFig. 11: Complete measured-value tables can be output for
all functions
zation (BNC) input provided on the
rear panel allow both the analyzer
and the generator to be synchro-
Digital protocol analysis and
nized to the digital audio reference
generation (option UPL-B21)
signal (DARS) to AES 11, and the
This software option extends the func-
generator in addition to word-
tions of options UPL-B2 and UPL-B29 by
clock, video sync signals (PAL/
an in-depth analysis and generation of
SECAM/NTSC) and to 1024 kHz
additional digital data:
reference clocks
• Both generator and analyzer can
Fig. 12: UPL generates and analyzes additional data in digital data streams in line with all common standards. The data
are represented in binary form, as hexadecimal numbers, as
ASCII characters or evaluated in consumer or professional
format
8
Audio Analyzer UPL
• Analysis of channel status and user
be driven at clock rates of 35 kHz
data. The data are output in binary
to 106 kHz. The clock signal can
form, as hexadecimal numbers, as
also be produced internally by the
ASCII characters or, in the case of
generator
channel status data, evaluated in
the professional or consumer format to AES 3 or IEC 958 (Fig. 12)
• Generation of channel status data, user data and validity bits.
Channel status data can be entered in binary form or via panel to
AES 3 or IEC 958 in the professional or consumer format
Digital components of various data formats and clock rates are the stock-in-trade of professional users. They call for a measuring instrument offering top performance at all interfaces
at high accuracy and over a wide dynamic range. Operation is identical for analog and
digital interfaces, which enhances operator convenience. Fast fault diagnosis is possible
by means of stored test routines, allowing the elimination of problems immediately before
transmission
• Any bits can be combined under a
symbolic name. In this way, data
input and representation can easily
be adapted to customer’s requirements
• Simultaneous measurement of
clock rate and display of interface
errors (such as parity error)
Jitter and interface tests
(option UPL-B22)
With this option, the physical parameters of digital audio interfaces can be
examined. UPL-B22 extends the functions of options UPL-B2 and UPL-B29.
Signal analysis:
• Measurement of jitter amplitude
and display of jitter signal in the
frequency and time domain (Figs 9
and 10)
• UPL generates bit- or word-synchronous sync signals that allow the
accurate display of digital audio
signals on an oscilloscope (preamble, eye pattern, signal symmetry,
superimposed noise, etc)
• Measurement of input pulse amplitude and sampling frequency
• Measurement of phase difference
between audio and reference input
signal
• Measurement of time difference
between output and input signal.
This allows delay times of equalizers, audio mixers, etc to be measured
• Analysis of common-mode signal
of balanced input (frequency,
amplitude, spectrum)
• An input signal with jitter can be
output jitter-free
• A common-mode signal can be
superimposed on the balanced
output signal
• Long cables can be simulated by
means of a switchable cable simulator
• The phase shift between the digital
Signal generation:
audio output and the reference out-
• The clock of the output signal can
put can be varied
be “jittered“ by superimposing a
sinewave or noise signal of variable amplitude
• When generating digital audio
data – with option UPL-B1fitted –
jitter and common-mode interference may be added to the data
stream
Audio Analyzer UPL
9
Designed for convenience
Efficient online help
UPL offers a variety of help functions to
provide optimum support for the user:
HELP function
HELP information in German or English
can be called for each input field.
SHOW I/O key
If no results can be displayed, eg
because no input signal or an incorrect
input signal is present, information on
possible causes will appear upon
pressing SHOW I/O. Moreover, the
input and output configuration will be
displayed.
Info boxes
These highlighted boxes inform the user
of any incorrect settings.
A wealth of functions – yet easy to operate
Online help
• Uncomplicated entries: the user
The permissible range of values is indi-
• Related functions and settings are
cated for each menu item requiring the
combined in panels that can be
simply needs to open a menu and
entry of a numerical value. This range
called at a keystroke. Up to three
make an entry or selection
takes into account any limitations result-
panels can be displayed at a time
• Continuous status information on
ing from related parameters, eg the
• The operator is not burdened with
generator, analyzer and sweep
sample rate in the case of measure-
unnecessary information. Only the
ments on digital interfaces.
parameters and settings needed
the use of softkeys, eg for graphical
for a given application are dis-
representations
• Rapid operating sequences through
Protection against illegal entries
played – the others are available
• The user can choose between op-
UPL will not accept entries outside the
in the background. (For example,
eration via mouse, external key-
permissible range. An alarm tone will
the sweep parameters are trans-
board or front panel. This choice
be issued and the value changed to
ferred to the generator panel and
makes sense since the working
the permissible minimum or maximum
displayed only when the sweep
space required by a mouse is not
function is activated.)
value.
• Fast access to frequently used instrument setups and a comprehen-
easy-to-understand operating con-
sive library of standard measure-
cept treating analog and digital
ments simplify familiarization with
measurements in the same way
the instrument
10
Audio Analyzer UPL
always available
• Short learning time thanks to an
Results at a glance
• Real-time display of results for one
or both channels and several test
functions
• Simultaneous display of frequency
and phase
• With graphics, results can be read
off with vertical and horizontal cursors. Tolerance curves or stored
results can be added for comparison
• Sets of traces can be displayed,
stored and evaluated for both
channels
• Graphics modes range from traces
and bargraphs through spectrum
display to three-dimensional waterfalls
It is often the case that only a few
parameters need to be modified after
a measurement sequence has been
started. Therefore, entry lines can be
selected from the input panels for the
generator, analyzer, etc, by marking
them with a tick. They are then transferred to a status panel. The status
panel thus gives a summary of parameters for a measurement routine,
which offers the following advantages:
• Instrument settings can be displayed
together with graphical and numerical results
• All important information can be
printed on a single hardcopy
• Instrument settings can be modified
quickly without changing panels as
UPL can also be operated from the
status panel
Audio Analyzer UPL
11
Fast and efficient
High measurement speed
In designing Audio Analyzer UPL,
particular emphasis was placed on
• The user interface was tailored to
• Two-channel measurements allow
the requirements of a test, not of an
the simultaneous and thus time-
office environment
saving determination of input and
• Display windows not needed can
output characteristics
• The use of FFT analysis provides a
optimizing the measurement speed of
be switched off, which also cuts
the test system as a whole:
down the processing time. When
decisive advantage especially in
all displays are switched off and
the case of frequency response
results are output via the IEC/IEEE
measurements, which are particu-
rate computing are carried out by
bus, more than 100 level measure-
larly time-critical (example:
digital signal processors. The PC
ments per second can be made
approx. 900 frequency values in
• All operations involving elabo-
150 ms)
is merely used for control of the
• Long calibration intervals, resulting
unit and display of results
• UPL can perform even complex
Use in production
both channels. This feature alone
Instruments to be used in production
reduces the time for stereo meas-
tests must satisfy a variety of require-
urements by 50% compared with
ments:
of the instrument
• Model UPL66 is specially tailored
to the requirements of production.
It comes without a display and key-
most analyzers available on the
market
from the extensive use of digital
circuits, make for high availability
test functions simultaneously on
• High measurement speed is vital
pad, thus saving purchasing costs.
for achieving a high production
Yet the unit can be operated manu-
their speed optimally to the input
throughput. By making appropri-
ally by connecting a PC keyboard
frequency. This enhances meas-
ate use of the instrument functions,
and a VGA monitor, enabling fast
urement speed especially in the
go/nogo decisions can be made
fault localization in the event of
case of frequency sweeps
already in the audio analyzer, thus
production problems
• The digital test routines adapt
• UPL performs harmonic distortion and IMD measurements us-
reducing the run time of a DUT
(Fig. 8)
ing patented, digital test procedures that combine high accuracy with high measurement speed
• Digital signal processing reduces setting and transient times
achievable with purely analog
instruments. These times are also
taken into account in the test routines, yielding stable measurements without the need for activating settling functions (these
are understood to be repeated
measurements until results are
within a tolerance band)
12
Audio Analyzer UPL
UPL66 – special model for use in test systems,
with the full flexibility of the standard model
High measurement speed, two-channel
measurements and remote-control
capability via the IEC/IEEE bus are a
must in production systems. The long
calibration intervals of UPL make for
high availability and reduce running
costs
Universal Sequence Controller
BASIC commands can then be used to
IEC/IEEE bus is a must in large-scale
UPL-B10
modify the program, eg for branching
production systems. In the design of
allows measurement sequences to be
or graphic outputs.
Audio Analyzer UPL, special impor-
generated and executed, thus turning
tance was attached to data transfer
UPL into an automatic test system. Pro-
Complete application programs based
via the IEC/IEEE bus. The logging
gramming of measurement sequences
on the universal sequence controller
mode can be used to speed up the
is greatly facilitated by the built-in
are available for measurements on CD
generation of control programs for
program generator:
players, tuners, etc.
generator provided in UPL-B10, it is
Each manual control step is recorded
The universal sequence controller can
no longer necessary to look up IEC/
in the logging mode and translated
also be used for remote control of exter-
IEEE-bus commands
into a complete line of the sequence
nal equipment via the IEC/IEEE-bus or
program with correct syntax, ie test
the RS-232-C interface. Moreover, pro-
sequences can be programmed with-
grams generated on UPL can be trans-
out a single line to be typed by the
ferred to an external controller after
user. The program thus generated
slight modifications for the remote con-
does not just give the sequence of keys
trol of UPL. This greatly facilitates the
to be pressed but contains the instruc-
generation of remote-control programs.
• Remote-control capability via the
the IEC/IEEE bus. With the program
tions in easy-to-read IEC/IEEE-bus
syntax according to SCPI.
Test assemblies for electroacoustic converters frequently consist
of microphones and loudspeakers, whose frequency response
must be compensated. The equalizer function of UPL furnishes
tailor-made solutions for such tests. Comprehensive test routines
can be implemented with the aid of the universal sequence
controller
Audio Analyzer UPL
13
Options and further applications
Fig. 13: Transfer and coherence function for determining the
transfer characteristic with the aid of complex test signals (eg
music or voice)
Low Distortion Generator UPL-B1
Extended Analysis Functions UPL-B6
is essential for all applications requir-
In modern audio systems, the transfer
ing extremely pure analog signals or
characteristics are dynamically
an extended frequency range up to
adapted to the input signals. With con-
110 kHz. Its inherent distortion is well
ventional, static test signals as input sig-
below that of the built-in universal gen-
nals, the dynamic processes are not
erator which already has excellent
activated and thus the signals cannot
specifications.
be analyzed. Coherence and transfer
function are the solution to this prob-
When digital audio data are pro-
lem: speech, music, noise, etc, are used
duced by the universal generator, the
as test signals, and the transfer charac-
low distortion generator may generate
teristic is represented by analyzing the
an analog signal or be used for super-
output spectrum referred to the input
imposing jitter or common-mode inter-
spectrum (Fig. 13). The required com-
ference.
plex test signals stored in various formats can be directly called from the
Fig. 14: Frequency response and rub & buzz function for quality assurance in loudspeaker production
Digital Interfaces UPL-B2/-B29
UPL hard disk using the standard gen-
contain the digital audio interfaces
erator function Arbitrary.
(balanced, unbalanced and optical)
for the standard sampling rates
With the rub & buzz measurement,
44.1 kHz and 48 kHz, UPL-B29 also
manufacturing defects of loudspeakers
for the extended rates up to 96 kHz.
can be found in no time by measuring
Either UPL-B2 or UPL-B29 can be fitted.
the unwanted signals in the frequency
For further information on options and
range above that of typical distortion
associated software extensions
products (Fig. 14).
(Digital Audio Protocol UPL-B21 and
Jitter and Interface Test UPL-B22) refer
The third-octave analysis is an impor-
to pages 8 and 9.
tant measurement in acoustics. The levels of up to 30 third-octave bands are
Fig. 15: Third-octave analysis used mainly in acoustics
Audio Monitor UPL-B5
simultaneously measured in compli-
adds a headphones output and a built-
ance with class 0 of IEC1260
in loudspeaker to UPL. The input signal
(Fig. 15).
of the analog and digital interfaces and
– with level, THD+N and rub & buzz
In multitone signal generation, UPL-B6
measurements – the filtered or
allows also the phase and crest factor
weighted signal can be monitored.
to be set.
UPL-B6 is also required for generating
two-channel sinewave signals at the
digital outputs (Fig. 16).
Further functional extensions of UPL-B6
are under preparation.
Fig. 16: Different signals for both channels may be generated
at the digital audio outputs
14
Audio Analyzer UPL
Acoustic measurements on GSM mobile phones with Audio Analyzer UPL16
Hearing Aids Test Accessories UPL-B7
Audio Analyzer UPL with option
UPL-B7 forms a complete test system
for all standard measurements on
hearing aids. UPL needs merely be fitted with options UPL-B5 and UPL-B10.
UPL-B7 includes an acoustic test chamber as well as all accessories required
for measurements on hearing aids
such as battery adapters, connecting
cables and acoustic couplers. The
associated software allows complete
measurements to IEC60118 or
Acoustic measurements on GSM mobile
Automatic Audio Line Measurement to
phones with UPL16 or option UPL-B8
ITU-T O.33, UPL-B33
For further information on this applica-
The acoustic transmission and reproduc-
serves for automatic measurements of
tion refer to data sheet PD 757.2696,
tion quality of a mobile phone is the most
all relevant parameters of broadcast
Test System UPL + UPL-B7 for Hearing
important characteristic in every-day
links according to ITU-T O.33. Gener-
Aids.
use. Various test methods have been
ator and analyzer are normally
standardized for determining acoustic
located at different sites. They are syn-
characteristics. Audio Analyzer UPL16
chronized with the aid of FSK signals.
was developed for conformance tests on
The operator may utilize the standard
GSM mobiles. It performs all audio
sequences defined by ITU-T O.33 or
measurements in line with chapter 30 of
prepare his own. Option UPL-B10 is
GSM 11.10, phase 2. Access to the
needed for the use of UPL-B33.
ANSI S3.22.
internal digital signals of special test
mobile phones is via the standard digital
Remote Control UPL-B4
audio interface (DAI).
enables remote control of UPL via the
RS-232-C interface or IEC625/
GSM network operators, consumer test
IEEE488 interface. The commands
institutes, etc, are particularly interested
employed largely meet SCPI stand-
in measuring and comparing acoustic
ards.
characteristics of commercial mobiles.
A highly accurate test method is also
Universal Sequence Controller UPL-B10
required for quality assurance and sam-
allows measurement sequences to be
pling inspection in the production of
generated and executed. For detailed
GSM mobile phones.
information see page 13.
Mobile Phone Test Set UPL-B8 is now
150 Ω Modification UPL-U3
available for these applications. With
changes the source impedance of the
the aid of this option all necessary audio
analog generator from 200 Ω to
measurements can be performed on
150 Ω.
GSM mobile phones without the DAI
interface.
For further information refer to data
Measurements on hearing aids
sheet PD 757.5889, Acoustic Test of
GSM Mobiles.
Audio Analyzer UPL
15
Specifications
RMS value, selective
Bandwidth (–0.1 dB)
Data without tolerances are typical values.
Selectivity
Analog analyzers
For analog measurements two analyzers with different bandwidths, specifications and measurement functions are available:
Analyzer
Frequency range
ANLG 22 kHz
DC/10 Hz to 21.90 kHz1)
ANLG 110 kHz
DC/20 Hz to110 kHz1)
Level measurements (rms)
Accuracy at 1 kHz
±0.05 dB
Frequency response ref. to 1 kHz)
20 Hz to 22 kHz
±0.03 dB, typ. 0.003 dB (Vin<3 V)
10 Hz to 20 Hz
±0.1 dB
22 kHz to 50 kHz
±0.1 dB
50 kHz to 110 kHz
±0.2 dB
Inputs
XLR connectors
Voltage range
Measurement ranges
Input impedance
Crosstalk attenuation
Common-mode rejection (Vin <3 V)
Generator output
2 channels, balanced (unbalanced
measurements possible with XLR/BNC
Adapter UPL-Z1), floating/grounded
and AC/DC coupling switchable
0.1 µV to 110 V (rms, sine)
18 mV to 100 V, in steps of 5 dB
100 kΩ ±1% shunted by 120 pF, each
pin against ground
300 Ω, 600 Ω, ±0.5% each, Pmax 1 W
>120 dB, frequency <22 kHz, 600 Ω
>100 dB at 50 Hz,
>86 dB at 1 kHz, >80 dB at 16 kHz
each input channel switchable to the
other output channel, input impedance:
balanced 200 kΩ, unbalanced
100 kΩ
Frequency setting
Accuracy
Peak value
Measurement
Accuracy
Interval
Filter2)
Quasi-peak
Measurement, accuracy
Noise (600 Ω)
Filter2)
DC voltage
Voltage range
Accuracy
Measurement ranges
see FFT analyzer section
<50 kHz
<110 kHz
Inherent distortion3)4)
Analyzer ANLG 22 kHz
Fundamental 20 Hz to 10.95 kHz
10 Hz to 20 Hz
Analyzer ANLG 110 kHz
Fundamental 50 Hz to 20 kHz
Spectrum
THD+N and SINAD
Fundamental
Frequency tuning
Input voltage
Bandwidth
Measurement functions
1)
16
DC/AC coupling.
Audio Analyzer UPL
0 V to ±110 V
±(1% of measured value + 0.1% of
measurement range)
100 mV to 100 V, in steps of 10 dB
FFT analysis
Accuracy
Harmonics
Spectrum
with analyzer ANLG 22 kHz only
to CCIR 468-4
<8 µV with CCIR weighting filter
weighting filters and user-definable
filters, up to 3 filters can be combined,
analog notch filter in addition
available for measurement functions
– rms, wideband
– peak
– quasi-peak
indication of S/N ratio in dB,
no post-FFT
Weighted harmonics
RMS value, wideband
Accuracy
Measurement speed
AUTO
AUTO FAST
Integration time
AUTO FAST/AUTO
VALUE
GEN TRACK
Noise (600 Ω)
with A filter
with CCIR unweighting filter
Filter
with analyzer ANLG 22 kHz only
peak max, peak min, peak-to-peak,
peak absolute
±0.2 dB at 1 kHz
20 ms to 10 s
weighting filters and user-definable
filters, up to 3 filters can be combined
S/N measurement routine
Total harmonic distortion (THD)
Fundamental
Frequency tuning
Typical frequency response, measured with internal generator/analyzer at
analog interfaces
1%, 3%, 1/12 octave, 1/3 octave and
user-selectable fixed bandwidth,
minimum bandwidth 20 Hz
100 dB (80 dB) with analyzer ANLG
22 kHz (110 kHz) bandpass or bandstop filter, 8th order elliptical filter, analog notch filter in addition
– automatic to input signal
– coupled to generator
– fixed through entered value
– sweep in selectable range
±0.2 dB + ripple of filters
10 Hz to 22 kHz
automatic to input or generator signal
or fixed through entered value
any combination of d2 to d9,
up to 110 kHz
±0.5 dB
±0.7 dB
< –110 dB, typ. –115 dB
<–100 dB
<–100 dB, typ. –105 dB
bar chart showing signal and distortion
10 Hz to 22 kHz
automatic to input or generator signal
or fixed through entered value
typ. >100 µV with automatic tuning
upper and lower frequency limit selectable, one weighting filter in addition
Accuracy
Bandwidth
±0.05 dB at 1 kHz, sine
±0.1 dB additional error
4.2 ms/42 ms, at least 1 cycle
1 ms to 10 s
2.1 ms, at least 1 cycle
1 µV
<2 µV, 1.6 µV typ. (ANLG 22 kHz)
weighting filters and user-definable filters, up to 3 filters can be combined,
analog notch filter in addition (expansion of dynamic range by up to 30 dB)
post-FFT of filtered signal
<50 kHz
±0.5 dB
<100 kHz
±0.7 dB
Inherent distortion3)
Analyzer ANLG 22 kHz
Bandwidth 20 Hz to 21.90 kHz typ. –110 dB at 1 kHz, 2.5 V
<–105 dB +2 µV 5)
typ. –108 dB +1.5 µV
Analyzer ANLG 110 kHz
Bandwidth 20 Hz to 22 kHz
<–95 dB + 2.5 µV, typ. –100 dB +1.75 µV
20 Hz to 110 kHz <–88 dB + 5 µV, typ. –95 dB + 3.5 µV
Spectrum
post-FFT of filtered signal
2)
3)
4)
5)
With UPL-B29 only in base rate mode.
Total inherent distortion of analyzer and generator (with option
UPL-B1), analyzer with dynamic mode precision.
>3.5 V: typ. 3 dB less; <0.5 V: sensitivity reduced by inherent noise
(typ. 0.25/1.25 µV with analyzers 22/110 kHz).
At full-scale level of measurement range (<–100 dB + 2 µV with auto range),
<–100 dB for input voltage >3.5 V.
Modulation factor (MOD DIST)
Measurement method
Frequency range
selective to DIN IEC 268-3
lower frequency 30 Hz to 2700 Hz
upper frequency 8 x LF to 100 kHz1)
±0.50 dB
Accuracy
Inherent distortion2)
Upper frequency 4 kHz to 15 kHz <–96 dB (–90 dB), typ. –103 dB
15 kHz to 20 kHz <–96 dB (–85 dB)
Spectrum
bar chart showing signal and distortion
Difference frequency distortion (DFD)
Measurement method
selective to DIN IEC 268-3 or 118
Frequeny range
difference frequency 80 Hz to 2 kHz
center frequency 200 Hz to 100 kHz3)
Accuracy
±0.50 dB, center frequency <20 kHz
Inherent distortion4) DFD d2
<–112 dB, typ. –125 dB
DFD d3
<–96 dB, typ. –105 dB
Spectrum
bar chart showing signal and distortion
Wow and flutter
Measurement method
Weighting filter
OFF
ON
Accuracy
Inherent noise
Spectrum
Time domain display (WAVEFORM)
Trigger
Trigger level
Trace length
Standard mode
Compressed mode
with analyzer ANLG 22 kHz only
DIN/IEC, NAB, JIS,
2-sigma to IEC-386
highpass 0.5 Hz, bandwidth 200 Hz
bandpass 4 Hz to IEC-386
±3%
<0.0005% weighted
<0.001% unweighted
post-FFT of demodulated signal
rising/falling edge
–200 V to +200 V, interpolated between
samples
max. 7424 points
1- to 32-fold interpolation
2- to 1024-fold compression
(envelope for AGC measurement), with
analyzer ANLG 22 kHz only
Frequency 5)
Frequency range
Accuracy
20 Hz to 110 kHz
±50 ppm
Phase 5)
Frequency range
Accuracy
with analyzer 22 kHz only
20 Hz to 20 kHz
±0.5°
Group delay5)
Frequency range
Accuracy in seconds
with analyzer 22 kHz only
20 Hz to 20 kHz
∆ϕ/(∆f x360), where ∆ϕ = phase accuracy in °, ∆f = frequency step
Polarity test
Measurement
Display
polarity of unsymmetrical input signal
+POL, –POL
Analog generators
An 18-bit ∆Σ D/A converter is used for analog signal generation. The characteristics of the basic generator can be improved and extended with a lowdistortion RC oscillator (Low Distortion Generator UPL-B1):
– sine with reduced distortion
– frequency range up to 110 kHz
Outputs
XLR connectors, 2 channels, floating, balanced/unbalanced switchable, shortcircuit-proof; max. current <120 mA with external feed
Balanced
Voltage
Crosstalk attenuation
Source impedance
Load impedance
Output balance
0.1 mV to 20 V (rms, sine, open-circuit)
>115 dB, frequency <20 kHz
typ. 10 Ω , 200 Ω(150 Ω with UPL-U3)
± 0.5%, 600 Ω ± 0.5%
>400 Ω (incl. source impedance)
>75 dB at 1 kHz, >60 dB at 20 kHz
Unbalanced
Voltage
Crosstalk attenuation
Source impedance
Load impedance
0.1 mV to 10 V (rms, sine, open-circuit)
>115 dB, frequency <20 kHz
5Ω
>200 Ω
Signals
Sine
Frequency range
Frequency accuracy
Level accuracy
Frequency response (ref. to 1 kHz)
20 Hz to 20 kHz
Inherent distortion THD+N
Measurement bandwidth
20 Hz to 22 kHz
20 Hz to 100 kHz
Sweep parameters
2)
3)
4)
5)
For upper frequency >20 kHz, the bottom limit of lower frequency is reduced.
Input voltage >200 mV, typical values apply between 0.5 V and 3.5 V.
Lower frequency >200 Hz, values in ( ) for lower frequency <200 Hz.
Dynamic mode precision; level ratio LF:UF = 4:1.
For center frequencies >20 kHz the bottom limit of the difference frequency is
reduced.
Input voltage >200 mV, typical values apply between 0.5 V and 3.5 V,
dynamic mode precision (at DFD d2), center frequency 7 kHz to 20 kHz.
With measurement functions RMS, FFT and THD+N only, accuracy applies to
8k FFT with zoom factor 2, Rife-Vincent-2 window; S/N ratio >70 dB.
±0.05 dB
<–94 dB, typ. –98 dB
<–86 dB
frequency, level
Sine (with low distortion generator option)
Frequency range
10 Hz to 110 kHz
Frequency accuracy
±0.5% at 15°C to 30°C
±0.75% at 5°C to 45°C
Level accuracy
±0.1 dB at 1 kHz
Frequency response (ref. to1 kHz)
20 Hz to 20 kHz
±0.05 dB
10 Hz to 110 kHz
±0.1 dB
Harmonics
typ. <–115 dB (<–120 dB at 1 kHz),
measurement bandwidth 20 Hz to
20 kHz, voltage 1V to 5 V
Inherent distortion (THD)
Fundamental 1 kHz, 1 V to 10 V <–120 dB typ.
20 Hz to 7 kHz
<–105 dB
7 kHz to 20 kHz
<–100 dB
Inherent distortion (THD+N)6)
Fundamental 1 kHz, 2.5 V
20 Hz to 20 kHz
20 Hz to 20 kHz
Sweep parameters
1)
2 Hz to 21.75 kHz
±50 ppm
±0.1 dB at 1 kHz
6)
–110 dB typ.
<–100 dB +2 µV
<–88 dB +5 µV
frequency, level
Meas. bandw.
22 kHz
22 kHz
100 kHz
Total inherent distortion of analyzer and generator, analyzer with dynamic
mode precision.
Audio Analyzer UPL
17
Polarity test signal
Sine2 burst with following characteristics:
Frequency
1.2 kHz
On-time
1 cycle (0.8333 ms)
Interval
2 cycles (1.6667 ms)
FM signal
Carrier frequency
Modulation frequency
Modulation
2 Hz to 21.75 kHz
1 mHz to 21.75 kHz
0% to 100%
AM signal
Carrier frequency
Modulation frequency
Modulation
2 Hz to 21.75 kHz
1 mHz to 21.75 kHz
0% to 100%
DC voltage
Level range
Typical spectrum of low distortion generator at 1 kHz, 1 V
MOD DIST
Frequency range lower frequency
upper frequency
Level ratio (LF:UF)
Level accuracy
Inherent distortion
Sweep parameters
for measuring the modulation distortion
30 Hz to 2700 Hz
8 x LF to 21.75 kHz
selectable from 10:1 to 1:1
±0.5 dB
<–94 dB (typ. –100 dB) at 7 kHz, 60 Hz
<–84 dB (typ. –90 dB),
level ratio LF:UF = 4:1
upper frequency, level
DFD
Frequency range difference freq.
center frequency
Level accuracy
1)
Inherent distortion
DFD d2
DFD d3
Sweep parameters
for measuring the difference tone
80 Hz to 2 kHz
200 Hz to 20.75 kHz
±0.5 dB
< –114 dB, typ.–120 dB
< –92 dB, typ. –100 dB
center frequency, level
Multi-sine
Frequency range
Frequency spacing
Frequency resolution
Dynamic range
Characteristics
Mode 1
Mode 2
Sine burst, sine2 burst
Burst time
2.93 Hz to 21.75 kHz
adjustable from 2.93 Hz
<0.01% or matching FFT frequency
spacing
100 dB, referred to total peak value
1 to 17 spectral lines
– level and frequency selectable for
each line
– phase of each component optimized
for minimum crest factor
– phase of each component or
crest factor selectable (with UPL-B6)
1 to 7400 spectral lines (noise in frequency domain), distribution: white,
pink, 1/3 octave, defined by file; crest
factor selectable (with UPL-B6)
Bandwidth
Sweep parameters
1 sample up to 60 s, 1-sample resolution
burst time up to 60 s, 1-sample res.
0 to burst level, absolute or relative to
burst level (0 with sine2 burst)
21.75 kHz (elliptical filter)
burst frequency, level, time, interval
Noise
Distribution
Gaussian, triangular, rectangular
Interval
Low level
Arbitrary waveform
File format
*.TTF (internal)
*.WAV 2)
Clock rate
Bandwidth
1)
2)
18
loaded from file
memory depth max. 16 k
reproduction of audio files
(mono), duration approx. 10 s per
Mbyte RAM
48 kHz
21.75 kHz (elliptical filter)
Center frequency >5 kHz, difference frequency <1 kHz;
DFD d2 –100 dB (typ.) with DC offset.
With UPL-B29 only in base rate mode.
Audio Analyzer UPL
Accuracy
0 V to ±10 V (±5 V unbalanced),
sweep possible
±2%
DC offset3)
Accuracy
Residual offset
0 V to ±10.0 V (±5 V unbalanced)
±2%
<1% of rms value of AC signal
Digital analyzer (option UPL-B2 or -B29)
Frequency limits specified for measurement functions apply to a sampling rate
of 48 kHz. For other sampling rates limits are calculated according to the formula: fnew = f48 kHz x sampling rate/48 kHz.
Inputs
Balanced input
Impedance
Level (VPP)
Unbalanced input
Impedance
Level (VPP)
Optical input
Channels
Audio bits
Clock rate
Format
XLR connector, transformer coupling
110 Ω
min. 200 mV, max. 12 V
BNC, grounded
75 Ω
min. 100 mV, max. 5 V
TOSLINK
1, 2 or both
8 to 24
35 kHz to 55 kHz with UPL-B2 or
UPL-B29 in base rate mode
35 kHz to 106 kHz with UPL-B29 in
high rate mode
synchronous to DAI or DARS
professional and consumer format to
AES3 or IEC-958 as well as user-definable formats at all inputs
Measurement functions
All measurements at 24 bits, full scale
RMS value, wideband
Measurement bandwidth
Accuracy
AUTO FAST
AUTO
FIX
Integration time
AUTO FAST/AUTO
VALUE
GEN TRACK
Filter
Spectrum
RMS value, selective
Bandwidth (–0.1 dB)
Selectivity
3)
up to 0.5 times the clock rate
±0.1 dB
±0.01 dB
±0.001 dB
4.2 ms/42 ms, at least 1 cycle
1 ms to 10 s
2.1 ms, at least 1 cycle
weighting filters and user-definable filters, up to 3 filters can be combined
post-FFT of filtered signal
1%, 3%, 1/12 octave, 1/3 octave
and user-selectable fixed bandwidth,
min. bandwidth 20 Hz
100 dB, bandpass or bandstop filter,
8th order elliptical filter
No DC offset for signal generation with Low Dist ON. With DC offset the AC
voltage swing will be reduced, specified inherent distortion values apply to
DC offset = 0.
Frequency setting
Accuracy
Peak value
Measurement
Accuracy
Interval
Filter1)
Quasi-peak
Measurement, accuracy
Filter1)
DC voltage
Measurement range
Accuracy
S/N measurement routine
FFT analysis
Total harmonic distortion (THD)
Fundamental
Frequency tuning
Weighted harmonics
Accuracy
Inherent distortion2)
Fundamental 42 Hz to 21.90 kHz
24 Hz to 42 Hz
12 Hz to 24 Hz
Spectrum
THD+N and SINAD
Fundamental
Frequency tuning
Stopband range
Bandwidth
Accuracy
Inherent distortion 2)
Bandwidth
20 Hz to 21.90 kHz
Fundamental 28 Hz to 21.90 kHz
24 Hz to 28 Hz
20 Hz to 24 Hz
Spectrum
Modulation factor (MOD DIST)
Measurement method
Frequency range
Lower frequency
Upper frequency
Accuracy
Inherent distortion2)
Level LF:UF 1:1
4:1
10:1
Spectrum
Difference frequency distortion (DFD)
Measurement method
Frequency range
Difference frequency
Center frequency
Accuracy
Inherent distortion2) DFD d2
DFD d3
Spectrum
1)
2)
3)
– automatic to input signal
– coupled to generator
– fixed through entered value
– sweep in selectable range
±0.2 dB + ripple of filters
peak max, peak min, peak-to-peak,
peak absolute
±0.2 dB at 1 kHz
20 ms to 10 s
weighting filters and user-definable filters, up to 3 filters can be combined
to CCIR 468-4
weighting filters and user-definable filters, up to 3 filters can be combined
Wow and flutter
Measurement method
Weighting filter OFF
ON
Accuracy
Inherent noise
Spectrum
Time domain display (WAVEFORM)
Trigger
Trigger level
Trace length
Standard mode
Compressed mode
DIN/IEC, NAB, JIS,
2-sigma to IEC-386
highpass 0.5 Hz, bandwidth 200 Hz
bandpass 4 Hz to IEC-386
±3%
<0.0003% weighted
<0.0008% unweighted
post-FFT of demodulated signal
rising/falling edge
–1 FS to +1 FS, interpolated between
samples
max. 7424 points
1- to 32-fold interpolation
32- to 1024-fold compression
(envelope for AGC measurement)
Frequency4)
Frequency range
Accuracy
20 Hz to 20 kHz
±50 ppm
available for measurement functions:
– rms, wideband
– peak
– quasi-peak
indication of S/N ratio in dB,
no post-FFT
see FFT analyzer section
Phase4)
Frequency range
Accuracy
20 Hz to 20 kHz
±0.5°
10 Hz to 21.90 kHz
automatic to input or generator signal
or fixed through entered value
any combination of d2 to d9,
up to 21.90 kHz
±0.1 dB
Polarity test
Measurement
Display
<–130 dB
<–112 dB
<–88 dB
bar chart showing signal and distortion
Digital generator (option UPL-B2 or -B29)
0 to ±FS
±1%
10 Hz to 21.90 kHz
automatic to input or generator signal
or fixed through entered value
fundamental ±28 Hz,
max. up to 2nd harmonic
upper and lower frequency limit selectable, one weighting filter in addition
±0.3 dB
<–126 dB
<–109 dB
<–96 dB
post-FFT of filtered signal
Group delay4)
Frequency range
Accuracy in seconds
polarity of unsymmetrical input signal
+POL, –POL
Frequency limits specified for the signals apply to a sampling rate of 48 kHz.
For other sampling rates limits are calculated according to the formula:
fnew = f48 kHz x sampling rate/48 kHz.
Outputs
Balanced output
Impedance
Level (VPP into 110 Ω)
Accuracy
Unbalanced output
Impedance
Level (VPP into 75 Ω)
Accuracy
Optical output
Channels
Audio bits
Clock rate
selective to DIN IEC 268-3
30 Hz to 2700 Hz3)
8 x LF3) to 21.25 kHz
±0.2 dB
<–133 dB
<–123 dB
<–115 dB
bar chart showing signal and distortion
20 Hz to 20 kHz
∆ϕ/(∆f x 360), where ∆ϕ = phase
accuracy in °, ∆f = frequency step
Format
XLR connector, transformer coupling
110 Ω, short-circuit-proof
0 V to 8 V, in 240 steps
±1 dB (rms)
BNC, transformer coupling
75 Ω, short-circuit-proof
0 V to 2 V, in 240 steps
±1 dB (rms)
TOSLINK
1, 2 or both
8 to 24
35 kHz to 55 kHz with UPL-B2 or
UPL-B29 in base rate mode
35 kHz to 106 kHz with UPL-B29 in
high rate mode
internal: generator clock or synchronization to analyzer
external: synchronization to word clock
input, video sync, DARS, 1024 kHz
professional and consumer format to
AES3 or IEC-958 as well as userdefinable formats at all outputs
selective to DIN IEC 268-3 or 118
80 Hz to 2 kHz3)
200 Hz to 20.90 kHz
±0.2 dB
<–130 dB
<–130 dB
bar chart showing signal and distortion
With UPL-B29 only in base rate mode.
Total inherent distortion of analyzer and generator.
Fixed frequency, independent of sampling rate.
4)
Only for measurement functions RMS, FFT and THD+N, accuracy applies to
8k FFT with zoom factor 2, Rife-Vincent-2 window; S/N ratio >70 dB.
Phase and group delay in high rate mode only with RMS without filter.
Audio Analyzer UPL
19
Signals
All signals with 24 bits, full scale
General characteristics
Level resolution
Audio bits
Dither
Distribution
Level
Frequency accuracy
Frequency offset
DC offset
Sine
Frequency range
Total harmonic distortion (THD)
Sweep parameters
MOD DIST
Frequency range
Lower frequency
Upper frequency
Level ratio (LF:UF)
Inherent distortion2)
Level LF:UF 1:1
4:1
10:1
Sweep parameters
DFD
Frequency range
Difference frequency
Center frequency
Inherent distortion2)
DFD d2
DFD d3
Sweep parameters
Multi-sine
Frequency range
Frequency spacing
Frequency resolution
Dynamic range
Characteristics
Mode 1
Mode 2
Sine burst, sine2 burst
Burst time
Interval
Low level
Sweep parameters
Noise
Distribution
Arbitrary waveform
File format
*.TTF (internal)
*.WAV3)
Clock rate
1)
2)
3)
20
2–24
8 to 24 bits, LSB rounded off
for sine, stereo sine, DFD and
MOD DIST in high rate mode for sine
only
Gaussian, triangular, rectangular
2–24 FS to 1 FS
±50 ppm (internal clock),
±1 ppm relative to clock rate
for sine, stereo sine, DFD and
MOD DIST
0 or +1000 ppm
0 to ±1 FS adjustable
FM signal
Carrier frequency
Modulation frequency
Modulation
2 Hz1) to 21.9 kHz
1 mHz1) to 21.9 kHz
0% to 100%
AM signal
Carrier frequency
Modulation frequency
Modulation
2 Hz1) to 21.9 kHz
1 mHz1) to 21.9 kHz
0% to 100%
DC voltage
Level range
0 to ±1 FS, can be swept
1)
2 Hz to 21.90 kHz
<–133 dB
frequency, level
for measuring the modulation distortion
301) to 2700 Hz1)
8 x LF1) to 21.90 kHz
selectable from 10:1 to 1:1
<–133 dB
<–123 dB
<–115 dB
upper frequency, level
for measuring the difference tone
80 Hz to 2 kHz1)
200 Hz1) to 20.90 kHz
<–130 dB
<–130 dB
center frequency, level
2.93 Hz to 21.90 kHz
adjustable from 2.93 Hz
<0.01% or matching FFT frequency
spacing
>133 dB
1 to 17 spectral lines
– level and frequency selectable
for each line
– phase of each component
optimized for minimum crest factor
– phase of each component or
crest factor selectable (with UPL-B6)
1 to 7400 spectral lines (noise in frequency domain), distribution: white,
pink, 1/3 octave, defined by file; crest
factor selectable (with UPL-B6)
Digital audio protocol (option UPL-B21)
Generator
Validity bit
Channel status data
User data
Analyzer
Display
Error indication
Clock rate measurement
Channel status display
User bit display
Generator
Jitter injection
Waveform
Frequency range
Amplitude (peak-to-peak)
Common mode signal
Waveform
Frequency range
Amplitude (VPP)
Phase (output to reference)
Gaussian, triangular, rectangular
Analyzer
Input signal
Amplitude (VPP)
Clock rate
loaded from file
memory depth max. 16 k
reproduction of audio files
(mono), duration approx. 10 s per
Mbyte RAM
sampling rate of generator
NONE, L, R, L+R
mnemonic entry with user-definable
masks, predefined masks for professional and consumer format to
AES3 or IEC-958
loaded from file (max. 384 bits) or set
to zero
validity bit L and R
block errors, sequence errors, clock
rate errors, preamble errors
50 ppm
user-definable mnemonic display of data fields, predefined settings for professional and consumer format to
AES3 or IEC-958,
binary and hexadecimal format
user-definable mnemonic display,
block-synchronized
Jitter and interface test (option UPL-B22)
1 sample up to 60 s, 1-sample resolution
burst time up to 60 s, 1-sample res.
0 to burst level, absolute or referred to
burst level (0 for sine2 burst)
burst frequency, level time, interval
Fixed frequency, independent of sampling rate.
Total inherent distortion of analyzer and generator.
With UPL-B29 only in base rate mode.
Audio Analyzer UPL
Polarity test signal
Sine2 burst with following characteristics:
Frequency
1.2 kHz1)
On-time
1 cycle
Interval
2 cycles
Cable simulator
Jitter measurement
Measurement limit
Reclocking
Common mode test
Amplitude (VPP)
Frequency, spectrum
Phase (input to reference)
Delay (input to output)
sine, noise
10 Hz to 21.75 kHz (sine to110 kHz
with option UPL-B1)
0 to 5 UI (corresp. to 0 to 800 ns at
fA = 48 kHz)
for balanced output
sine
20 Hz to 21.75 kHz (110 kHz with
option UPL-B1)
0 V to 20 V
adjustable between −64 and +64 UI
(corresp. to ±50% of frame)
100 m typical audio cable
0 V to 10 V
35 kHz to 55 kHz with UPL-B2
35 kHz to 106 kHz with UPL-B29
amplitude, frequency, spectrum
0 to 5 UI typ. for f <500 Hz, decreasing
to 0.5 UI for up to 50 kHz
200 ps (noise floor with 8k FFT)
input signal sampled with low-jitter
clock signal and available at reference
output (XLR connector on rear)
at balanced input
0 V to 30 V
20 Hz to 110 kHz
−64 to +64 UI (corresp. to ±50% of
frame)
100 µs to 500 ms
FFT analyzer
Frequency range
Digital 48/96 kHz
ANLG 22/110 kHz
Dynamic range
Digital
ANLG 22 kHz
ANLG 110 kHz
Noise floor
Digital
ANLG 22 kHz
ANLG 110 kHz
FFT size
Window functions
Resolution
Zoom
Averaging
DC to 21.9/43.8 kHz
DC to 21.9/110 kHz
User-definable filters
8th order elliptical, type C (for highpass and lowpass filters also 4th order),
passband ripple +0/–0.1 dB, stopband attenuation approx. 20 dB to 120 dB
selectable in steps of approx. 10 dB (highpass and lowpass filters: stopband
attenuation 40 to 120 dB).
Highpass, lowpass filters
>135 dB
120 dB/105 dB1)
115 dB/85 dB1)
Bandpass, bandstop filters
–160 dB
–140 dB/110 dB1)
–120 dB/90 dB1)
256, 512, 1k, 2k, 4k, 8k points
(16k with zoom factor 2)
rectangular, Hann, Blackman-Harris,
Rife-Vincent 1-3, Hamming, flat top,
Kaiser (ß = 1 to 20)
from 0.05 Hz with zoom, from 5.86 Hz
without zoom
2 to 128 (2 to 16 mit ANLG 110)
1 to 256, exponential or normal
Third octave and octave filters
Notch filter
File-defined filters
limit frequencies (–0.1 dB) selectable,
stopband indicated
passband (–0.1 dB) selectable,
stopband indicated
center frequency and width (–0.1 dB)
selectable, stopband indicated
center frequency selectable,
bandwidth (–0.1 dB) indicated
any 8th order filter cascaded from
4 biquads, defined in the z plane by
poles/zeroes or coefficients
Analog notch filter
For measurements on signals with high S/N ratio, this filter improves the dynamic
range of the analyzer by up to 30 dB to 140 dB for analyzer 22 kHz, or 120 dB
for analyzer 110 kHz (typical noise floor of FFT). The filter is also used for measuring THD, THD+N and MOD DIST with dynamic mode precision.
Characteristics
Frequency range
Frequency tuning
Stopband
Passband
available in analog analyzers
with measurement functions:
– rms, wideband
– rms, selective
– quasi-peak
– FFT analysis
10 Hz to 22.5 kHz center frequency (fc)
– automatic to input signal
– coupled to generator
– fixed through entered value
typ. >30 dB, fc ±0.5%
typ. –3 dB at 0.77 x fc and 1.3 x fc ,
typ. +0/–1 dB outside 0.5 x fc to 2 x fc
Sweep
Generator sweep
Parameters
Typical noise floor of FFT analysis at analog inputs
Sweep
Stepping
Filter
For all analog and digital analyzers. Up to 3 filters can be combined as required. All filters are digital filters with a coefficient accuracy of 32 bit floating
point (exception: analog notch filter).
Weighting filters
1)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
A weighting
C message
CCITT
CCIR weighted, unweighted
CCIR ARM
deemphasis 50/15, 50, 75, J.17
rumble weighted, unweighted
DC noise highpass
IEC tuner
jitter weighted
Analyzer sweep
Parameters
Sweep
Trigger
Settling
frequency, level,
with bursts also interval and duration,
one- or two-dimensional
linear, logarithmic, tabular,
single, continuous, manual
– automatic after end of measurement
– time delay (fixed or loaded table)
frequency or level of input signal
single, continuous
– delayed (0 to 10 s) after input level or
input frequency variation, settling
function selectable
– time-controlled
for level, frequency, phase, distortion
measurements,
settling function: exponential, flat or
averaging
Sweep speed
Two-channel rms measurement 20 Hz to 20 kHz, 30-point generator sweep
logarithmic (frequency measurement switched off, Low Dist off).
with GEN TRACK
0.5 s
AUTO FAST
1s
AUTO
2.5 s
With/without analog notch filter.
Audio Analyzer UPL
21
Display of results
Units
Level (analog)
Level (digital)
Distortion
Frequency
Phase
Audio monitor (option UPL-B5)
V, dBu, dBV, W, dBm,
difference (∆), deviation (∆%) and
ratio (without dimension, %, dBr)
to reference value
FS, %FS, dBFS, LSBs
deviation (∆%) or ratio (dBr)
to reference value
% or dB, referred to signal amplitude,
THD and THD+N in all available level
units (absolute or relative to selectable
reference value)
Hz, difference (∆), deviation (∆%) and
ratio (as quotient f/fref, 1/3 octave,
octave or decade) to reference value
(entered or stored, current generator
frequency)
°, rad, difference (∆) to reference value
(entered or stored)
Reference value (level):
Fixed value (entered or stored).
Current value of a channel or generator signal: permits direct measurement of
gain, linearity, channel difference, crosstalk. In sweep mode, traces (other
trace or loaded from file) can be used as a reference too.
Graphical display of results
Monitor (not UPL66)
Display modes
Display functions
Test reports
Functions
Printer driver
Plotter language
Interfaces
8.4“ LCD, colour
– display of any sweep trace
– display of trace groups
– bargraph display with
min./max. values
– spectrum, also as waterfall display
– list of results
– bar charts for THD and
intermodulation measurements
– autoscale
– X-axis zoom
– full-screen and part-screen mode
– 2 vertical,1 horizontal cursor line
– search function for max. values
– marker for harmonics (spectrum)
– user-labelling for graphs
– change of unit and scale also
possible for loaded traces
– screen copy to printer, plotter or file
(PCX, HPGL, Postscript)
– lists of results
– sweep lists
– tolerance curves
– list of out-of-tolerance values
– equalizer traces
supplied for approx. 130 printers
HP-GL
2 x RS-232-C, Centronics,
IEC 625 (option UPL-B4)
Storage functions
– instrument settings, optionally with
measured values and curves
– spectra
– sweep results
– sweep lists
– tolerance curves
– equalizer traces
Remote control
via IEC 625-2 (IEEE 488) and RS-232;
commands largely to SCPI
(option UPL-B4)
Headphones connector
Output voltage (UP)
Output current (IP)
Source impedance
Recommended headphone impedance
Extended analysis functions (option UPL-B6)
Coherence and transfer functions
Frequency range
Frequency resolution
Averaging
FFT length
can be displayed simultaneously
DC to 21.9 kHz
from 5.86 Hz
2 to 2048
256, 512, 1k, 2k, 4k, 8k points
Rub & buzz measurement
simultaneous measurement of frequency
response, rub & buzz and polarity1)
10 Hz to 110 kHz
2 to 20 times fundamental
selectable
Frequency range
Tracking highpass filter
Lower/upper frequency limit
Measurement time
(200 Hz to 20 kHz, 200 points log.) 2 s
Multi-sine generator function
Mode 1
Mode 2
Third octave analysis
Number of third octaves
Frequency range
Level accuracy
Center frequency
22 Hz to 22 kHz
Stereo sine
Frequency range
Frequency
Phase
for analyzer ANLG 22 kHz
and digital 48 kHz
30
22 Hz to 22 kHz
±0.2 dB
±1.0 dB (IEC 1260, class 0)
Sweep parameters
Other functions
under development
Level
Hearing aids test accessories (option UPL-B7)
Consisting of acoustic test chamber, acoustic 2 cm³ coupler, various battery
adapters, connecting cables, software for measurements to IEC60118 and
ANSI S3.22
Additionally required
options UPL-B5 and UPL-B10
Modification UPL-U3
Change of source impedance of analog generator to 150 Ω (instead of 200 Ω
set as standard) at the factory
2)
Audio Analyzer UPL
extended functions
crest factor or phase of each
component selectable
crest factor selectable
in digital generator only
2 Hz2) to 21.9 kHz
adjustable for each channel
0 to 360° (same frequency in both
channels)
adjustable for each channel or
channel ratio 2/1
frequency and level of channel 1
1)
22
6.3 mm jack
max. 8 V
max. 50 mA
10 Ω, short-circuit-proof
600 Ω
With UPL-B29 only in base rate mode.
Fixed frequency independent of clock rate.
General data
Operating temperature range
Storage temperature range
Humidity
EMI
EMS
Safety standards
Conformity marks
Power supply
Dimensions (W x H x D)
Weight
0 °C to +45 °C
–20 °C to +60 °C
max. 85% for max. 60 days,
below 65% on average/year,
no condensation
EN 50081-1
EN 50082-1
DIN EN 61010-1, IEC 1010-1,
UL 3111-1, CAN/CSA C 22.2
No. 1010-1
VDE-GS, UL, cUL
100/120/220/230 V ±10%,
50 Hz to 60 Hz, 160 VA
435 mm x 192 mm x 475 mm
12.6 kg
Ordering information
Order designation
Audio Analyzer
Audio Analyzer
(for conformance tests on
GSM mobile phones)
Audio Analyzer
(without display and keypad)
Accessories supplied
Options
Low Distortion Generator
Digital Audio I/O 48 kHz
Digital Audio I/O 96 kHz
Digital Audio Protocol
Jitter and Interface Test
Remote Control
Audio Monitor
Extended Analysis Functions
Hearing Aids Test Accessories
Mobile Phone Test Set
Universal Sequence Controller
Line Measurement to ITU-T O.33
XLR/BNC Adapter Set
150 Ω Modification
Recommended extras
19“ Rack Adapter
Service manual
UPL
UPL16
1078.2008.06
1078.2008.16
UPL66
1078.2008.66
power cable, operating manual, backup system disks with MS-DOS operating system and user manual, backup
program disk with operating and measurement software
UPL-B1
UPL-B2
UPL-B29
UPL-B21
UPL-B22
UPL-B4
UPL-B5
UPL-B6
UPL-B7
UPL-B8
UPL-B10
UPL-B33
UPL-Z1
UPL-U3
1078.4400.02
1078.4000.02
1078.5107.02
1078.3856.02
1078.3956.02
1078.3804.02
1078.4600.03
1078.4500.02
1090.2704.02
1117.3505.02
1078.3904.02
1078.4852.02
1078.3704.02
1078.4900.02
ZZA-94
0396.4905.00
1078.2089.24
Audio Analyzer UPL
23
0800 (Bi we)
Printed in Germany
PD757.2238.24 ⋅ Audio Analyzer UPL ⋅ Trade names are trademarks of the owners ⋅ Subject to change ⋅ Data without tolerances: typical values
ROHDE&SCHWARZ GmbH & Co. KG ⋅ Muehldorfstrasse 15 ⋅ 81671 Munich, Germany ⋅ P.O.B. 8014 69 ⋅ 81614 Munich, Germany
Telephone +49894129-0 ⋅ www.rohde-schwarz.com ⋅ CustomerSupport: Tel. +491805124242, Fax +4989 4129-13777,
E-mail: [email protected]

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