1TV field production.composition.framingNOTES

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Proportion of total US Internet traffic
(including video)
YouTube (and other
online video-sharing sites)
  Post video content.
  Develop video contests and/or collaborations.
  Being used extensively in training and
development.
  Fastest-growing segment of online
communication.
  Vimeo.com
  And many, many more.
The audience and message
In-the-field uses
  Define the audience.
  Lighting, minicams, videotape away from the
  Develop a message.
  Determine how best to deliver the message
studio.
  Electronic news gathering (ENG)
  Electronic field production (EFP)
to your audience.
  What s the purpose? What s the outcome?
  Use of proper video techniques will help
communicate your message.
The techniques
  Camera movements
Camera movements
  Panning: left, right
  Basic shots
  Composition
  Angles
  On-screen room
  Continuity
  Interviews
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Camera movements
  Tilting: up, down
Camera movements
  Zooming: Change in the focal
length of the camera lens.
  Save movements until you feel you need
one.
  Don t zoom (or pan or tilt) just to be
doing it. Must be motivated.
Basic shots
  Long (or wide) shot (LS or WS)
  Shows the object of interest in its
surrounding or setting. Used to
establish the setting in which
something will happen.
Basic shots
  Close-up (CU)
  Places attention on the object
of interest.
Basic shots
  Medium shot (MS)
  Bridges the gap between long
shot and close-up. Arouses the
viewer s curiosity.
Angles
  Eye level: flat angle shot
  High angle: above the point of
interest.
  De-emphasizes the object
  Low angle: looking up at the object.
  Magnifies the object
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On-screen room
On-screen room
  Headroom
  Nose or lead room
  Objects near the edge
  Look into the picture.
  Also used in movement.
of the frame tend to
seem crowded.
  Allow a bit of extra
space above a person s
head to avoid this
appearance.
GOOD HEADROOM Rule of thirds
  Divide the TV screen into
thirds horizontally and
vertically. Place objects of
interest at the intersections.
  Frame the shot so that the subject s eyes
are on the line dividing the upper third
from the middle third.
Continuity
  Jump cuts (AVOID if
possible.)
  Jump cuts occur when the object of interest is
seen in back-to-back shots out of
continuity.
  Avoiding jump cuts
  Cut-ins: close up of something on screen.
  Cutaways: cut to something not in the scene.
  Special effects
GOOD LEAD ROOM Continuity
  Each scene bears a
relationship to the one before
it and after it. Action should flow.”
  Need to shoot sequence of shots.
  Establish the scene with an
“establishing shot” (long shot).
Video shooting tips
  If you are not a steady shooter
and you don't have a tripod, shoot
fewer close-ups.
  Make pans, zooms, and tilts count.
  When possible, use a TRIPOD or a
MONOPOD.
  Dissolves/fades
  Wipes
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Shooting video on phones and
tablets
Before the interview
  Do NOT EVER compose video
  Practice asking questions.
shots in a vertical.
NO!!!
  Know what you want, so you can stay on
topic.
  ALWAYS shoot video
horizontally.
YES!!!
During the interview
Shooting video for
interviews
  Provide an overview of what
  Listen for distracting noises.
you want and HOW to say it.
  Restate the question.
  Make complete sentences.
  Instead of It works like this…
  Say, The process works in this
way….
  Pay attention to distracting
backgrounds and people.
  Shoot a lot of shots (if you
plan to edit the video later).
  Don t cut off an answer. Let
the person talk.
Shooting video for
interviews
  Head room and lead room
  Facing the camera (head-on) or semiprofile?
  If you are interviewing someone, the person
should NOT face the camera.
  For a demonstration video or when the person is
talking to the audience, it is perfectly
acceptable for the person to look at
the camera.
TV and computer
monitors
  Standard TV: 720x486
4x3 ratio
pixels
  Computer monitors:
800x600 (or better)
  HDTV: 1920x1080
4x3 ratio
  Aspect ratios
  Standard TV and
computer: 4x3
  HDTV: 16x9
16x9 ratio
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Camera considerations
 Camcorder
 Lots of brands and flavors and prices
 Considerations
  Format – HD 1080i, 1080p or 720p?
  Recording media
  Basic features
  Consider extras
  Good Reputation
Camera considerations
 Digital Single Lens Reflex - DSLR
 Can be pricey
 Great images
 Primarily for photography
 Considerations
  Lens – all kinds of lens
  Audio?
  Can become more
progressively expensive
as you continue
Camera considerations
 Shoot & Share
 Relatively Inexpensive
 Handy and quick
 Editing Software
 Considerations
  Fixed lens. No real zoom.
  Audio?
  Not always the best option
but will work, if used wisely
Camera considerations
 Mobile Device or Phone
 Good for impromptu video
 Almost always with you
 Considerations
  Relatively good quality
  Editing software?
  Gaining momentum as
alternative video camera
  Good for emergencies
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