User manual | DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700

February 22, 2016
Mr. Mathew Sam
Detroit Public Schools
Environmental Health & Safety Office
1601 Farnsworth
Detroit, Michigan 48207
Re:
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment Report
Spain Elementary/Middle School
3700 Beaubien
Detroit, Michigan
Dear Mr. Sam:
ATC Group Services LLC (ATC) performed a limited indoor air quality (IAQ) evaluation at the above-referenced location in
Detroit, Michigan. The limited baseline IAQ evaluation was completed on February 6, 2016 by ATC industrial hygienist Mr.
Michael Hauswirth to assess general comfort parameters and to conduct total mold spore air sampling at Spain
Elementary/Middle School.
Background Information
ATC was retained by the Detroit Public Schools (DPS) to assess general air quality parameters at specified locations within the
school. This assessment consisted of visual assessment, air sampling for mold spores, and direct measurements for
temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO).
Visual Observations
The following conditions were noted during the assessment.

No unusual, discernable odors were evident in the areas assessed with the exception of the Gymnasium area.

The wood floor in the gymnasium is warped and buckled due to water damage.

Evidence of an active roof leak is present in the Gymnasium with standing water present.

No visible mold growth was observed in any of the locations assessed.

Water stained ceiling panels were observed in the hallways on the 3rd floor and ceiling outside of the gymnasium.

No significant chemical storage was noted in the areas assessed.

The interior areas assessed were finished with ceiling tiles, floor tiles, cinderblock and wallboard walls. Synthetic
furnishings were present throughout the areas.
46555 Humboldt Drive
Suite 100
Novi, MI 48377
Telephone 248-669-5140
Fax 248-669-5147
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
General Comfort Parameter Testing
The assessment included measuring comfort parameters including the temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide, and
carbon monoxide levels within representative locations within the assessment areas. A TSI IAQ-Cal™ direct-reading indoor air
quality meter was used to collect data for comfort parameters. A summary of the collected indoor air quality (IAQ)
measurements is provided in the Table 1 below.
Measurement Location
Main Office
Classroom 141
Classroom 142
1st Floor Breezeway
(Lincoln Lane)
2nd Floor Hallway outside Rooms
232 & 236
3rd Floor Hallway
Basement Hallway
Hallway Outside Auditorium
Band Room 153
Dance Studio 158
Hallway Outside Closed Gym
Area
Classroom 160
West Side of Gymnasium
Hallway Between Locker Rooms
East Side of Gymnasium
Exterior
Table 1
Comfort Parameter Measurements
Spain Elementary/Middle School
3700 Beaubien
Detroit, Michigan
February 6, 2016
Relative
Temperature
Carbon Dioxide
Humidity
(oF)
(ppm)
(%)
61.3
28.4%
505
65.4
27.6%
467
67.4
28.5%
468
Carbon Monoxide
(ppm)
0
0
0
59.9
21.8%
455
0
67.3
26.1%
487
0
69.5
66.9
71.1
70.3
71.3
27.6%
23.6%
26.5%
28.9%
27.9
468
502
510
420
489
0
0
0
0
0
68.7
26.8%
502
0
67.9
54.3
56.9
55.9
42.5
29.8%
26.5%
27.2%
26.4%
72%
454
420
468
440
465
0
0
0
0
.1
Temperature
The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) recommends that indoor
temperatures be maintained between 69 and 79 degrees Fahrenheit (oF) (ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2013, Thermal
Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy). These values are considered the comfort zone, i.e., acceptable ranges of
temperature for persons wearing typical clothing. These “comfort zones” assume that occupants are engaged in only light
activity, such as what would be performed in a typical office setting. The table below describes the recommended temperature
ranges based on relative humidity and clothing worn by the occupants.
2
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
Acceptable Temperature Ranges at Indicated Relative Humidity
Typical Office Space Activity
ASHRAE 55-2013
Relative Humidity
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Temperature:
Light Clothing
77-83F
76-82F
76-82F
76-81F
75-80F
75-78F
--
Temperature:
Heavy Clothing
71-78F
70-78F
69-77F
69-77F
68-76F
68-75F
67-73F
At the time of the assessment, indoor temperatures ranged from 54.3F to 69.5F. The readings were generally consistent
and steady, showing that conditions in the areas on the day of the assessment were slightly lower than the ASHRAE comfort
zone guidelines. However, it should be noted that the heating system was not operating at normal capacity at the time of the
assessment since it was the weekend and school was not occupied.
Relative Humidity
Relative humidity levels within the facility were found to range between 21.8% and 29.8% on February 6, 2016. The current
ASHRAE Standard 55-2013 does not provide recommendations for maintaining indoor relative humidity within a specific range
but does establish an upper boundary for dew point at 62.2F. This upper threshold dew point occurs at varying combinations
of temperature and relative humidity (i.e., approximately 65% relative humidity at an ambient temperature of 72F). At the
time of sampling, relative humidity results were below the AIHA recommendations of between 30% to 60% relative humidity.
However, low indoor relative humidity is typical during the winter season in Michigan.
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide, a product of combustion and human respiration, is a commonly used indicator of overall air quality and
ventilation rates within an occupied building. The levels found in buildings are primarily a function of the rate and amount of
outside air delivery to the occupied space, the effectiveness of air distribution within the space, and the occupancy of the space.
It is generally accepted that an inadequate fresh air supply may cause problems such as irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat;
headaches; and respiratory difficulties due to a general build-up of non-specific contaminants and odors.
Carbon dioxide monitoring is a useful screening technique for determining if outside air supply is sufficient for maintaining
acceptable indoor air quality. Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring constituent of the atmosphere and is also a product of human
respiration. During periods of occupancy, carbon dioxide levels in a building will rise above the normal background level. The level
of increase of carbon dioxide concentrations is related to the number of persons in an area and the amount of outside air being
introduced into that area.
Procedures for determining outside air supply rates for occupied buildings are prescribed in the American Society of Heating,
Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62.1-2013, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. The
purpose of this standard is to specify minimum ventilation rates and indoor air quality that will be acceptable to human
occupants and are intended to minimize the potential for adverse health effects.
3
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
The ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2013 Ventilation Rate Procedure is a prescriptive procedure in which outdoor air intake rates are
determined based on space type and application (e.g., general office, classroom, etc.), occupancy level, and floor area. The
Ventilation Rate Procedure’s minimum rates are based on contaminant sources and source strengths that are typical for the
listed space types. The standard prescribes the amount of outside air supply required for the size of the area and the amount
of outside air required for each person. These two outside air supply requirements are combined to determine the total outside
air supply requirement for the occupied space. When the number of persons in an occupied space is not known, the standard
defines default occupant density values that may be used for design purposes.
If one assumes that an occupied space remains at a steady state condition with respect to occupancy, level of occupant activity,
and ventilation rate, then the carbon dioxide concentration within the occupied space will reach a theoretical equilibrium. The
standard does not define a maximum carbon dioxide concentration in an occupied space. Appendix C of ASHRAE Standard 62.1,
which is an informative appendix and is not a requirement of the standard, suggests a minimum outside air supply rate of 15
cubic feet per minute (cfm) per person to dilute odors from human bioeffluents to levels that will satisfy a substantial majority
of unadapted persons to a space.
Carbon dioxide monitoring as generally conducted for initial indoor air quality investigations is not intended to demonstrate
compliance with ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2013. The standard does not specify a maximum carbon dioxide concentration. Actual
conditions in an active occupied building will vary and equilibrium carbon dioxide concentrations generally would not be
achieved. Other quantitative methods and/or engineering assessments are required to demonstrate compliance with the
standard.
The Carbon dioxide levels measured during this survey were below the criteria of less than 700 ppm above the outdoor ambient
level. Interior carbon dioxide measurements on the day of testing ranged from 420 ppm to 510 ppm. The carbon dioxide
concentration measured outdoors was 465 ppm. Therefore, all of the carbon dioxide measurements inside the occupied interior
areas were within the ASHRAE recommended guidelines. As such, carbon dioxide is believed to be within acceptable ranges.
Carbon Monoxide
Carbon Monoxide (CO), a chemical asphyxiant and byproduct of combustion, is a tasteless, odorless gas. Complaints of
headaches can be expected from some individuals with exposure in excess of background levels. The OSHA PEL for CO for
occupational exposures is 50 ppm over an 8-hour duration. NIOSH recommends no more than 35 ppm for 1-hour. The U.S.
National Ambient Air Quality Standards for CO are 9 ppm for 8-hours and 35 ppm for 1-hour. The Consumer Product Safety
Commission recommends levels not to exceed 15 ppm for 1-hour or 25 ppm for 8-hour duration.
Indoor CO measurements on the day of testing were below the instrument detection level of 0.1 ppm throughout the
assessment areas, which is below the OSHA PEL and other regulatory standards.
Total Mold Spore Air Sampling
Fifteen (15) total mold spore air samples were collected in specified areas within the building. The air samples were collected
using Allergenco-D™ spore trap cassettes and a high volume air sampling pump calibrated to 15 liters of air per minute (lpm).
The air samples were collected over a ten minute time period for a total sample volume of 150 liters of air. In addition, one air
sample was collected outdoors as an exterior reference, and one blank media was submitted for quality control purposes. The
samples were submitted to the IMS Laboratory in Walled Lake, Michigan for identification and enumeration of predominant
mold spores. The IMS laboratory is accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association for mold spore analysis and is a
participant of the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Analytical Program (EMLAP). A summary of the mold spore air
sampling results is provided in Table 2 below and laboratory reports are provided in Appendix A.
4
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
Table 2
Total Mold Spore Sampling Summary
Spain Elementary/Middle School
3700 Beaubien
Detroit, Michigan
February 6, 2016
Sample
Designation
E84250-1
E84250-2
E84250-3
E84250-4
E84250-5
E84250-6
E84250-7
E84250-8
Sampling Location
Blank
Main Office –Center
By Desk Area
Classroom 141- Center
of Room
Classroom 142
1st Floor BreezewayCenter
2nd Floor HallwayOutside Rooms 232 &
226
3rd Floor Hallway By
Clock
Sample
Type
Raw
Count
Sample Results (FS/m3)
Spore Trap
0
Spore Trap
1
No Fungal Spores Observed
Total-27
Cladosporium-27
Spore Trap
0
No Fungal Spores Observed
Spore Trap
3
1
1
1
Spore Trap
6
Spore Trap
2
1
1
Toatal-81
Ascospores-27
Basidiospores-27
Cladosporium-27
Total-160
Basidiospores-160
Total-54
Basidiospores-27
Pen/Asp group-27
Spore Trap
0
No Fungal Spores Observed
5
3
1
1
9
7
1
1
Total-134
Basidiospores-80
Cladosporium-27
Pen/Asp group-27
Total-241
Pen/Asp group-187
Basidiospores-27
Cladosporium-27
Basement Hall Outside
Girls Restroom
Spore Trap
Hallway Outside
Auditorium
Spore Trap
E84250-10
Band Room 153
Center
Spore Trap
0
No Fungal Spores Observed
E84250-11
Dance Studio 158
Spore Trap
6
5
1
Total 160
Cladosporium-133
Basidiospores-27
Spore Trap
2
Total-53
Cladosporium-53
Spore Trap
0
No Fungal Spores Observed
Spore Trap
0
No Fungal Spores Observed
Spore Trap
8
3
2
2
1
E84250-9
E84250-12
E84250-13
E84250-14
E84250-15
Hallway Outside
Closed Section of
Building
Classroom 160-Center
of Room
West Side of GymCenter
Hallway Between Boys
& Girls Locker Room
5
Total-213
Cladosporium-80
Basidiospores-53
Pen/Asp group-53
Epicoccum nigrum-27
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
Sample
Designation
E84250-16
Table 2 Cont.
Total Mold Spore Sampling Summary
Spain Elementary/Middle School
3700 Beaubien
Detroit, Michigan
February 6, 2016
Sampling Location
Sample
Raw
Type
Count
East Side of GymSouth End
Spore Trap
Exterior
Spore Trap
E84250-17
3
1
1
1
9
4
2
2
1
Sample Results (FS/m3)
Total-81
Basidiospores-27
Cladosporium-27
Pen/Asp group-27
Total-240
Basidiospores-107
Cladosporium-53
Pen/Asp group-53
Pithomyces-27
Table 2 Notes:
1. “FS/m3” denotes fungal structures per cubic meter of air.
The total mold spore air sampling results indicated no significant airborne mold spore concentrations in the tested locations.
Indoor mold spore concentrations were lower than those measured outdoors. In general, the concentrations and types of mold
spores identified in the indoor air samples are typical of an occupied setting. Consequently, the sampling results do not indicate
the presence of fungal contamination or reservoirs in the tested areas.
Conclusions
The laboratory calculates estimated concentrations of fungal bioaerosols based on the number of identifiable spores observed
in the sample trace and the volume of air drawn through the spore trap cassette. In this case, the laboratory’s minimum
reporting level is approximately twenty-seven (27) spores (or fungal structures) per cubic meter of air sampled. For example,
if the analyst observes one spore of a fungal species, the estimated concentration per cubic meter of air is seven (27).
The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) considers comparison of indoor/outdoor bioaerosol
data a common method for evaluating indoor fungal reservoirs or concerns. In normal indoor environments, the total
concentrations of fungi in the indoor air are commonly to, or less than, the total concentration outdoors. If indoor fungal
bioaerosol concentrations are greater than those outdoors, then indoor fungal reservoirs are likely to be present. In addition,
the types (i.e., taxa or groups) of fungal bioaerosols found inside a building should be qualitatively similar to the taxa recovered
outdoors, presuming outdoor air is the only source of indoor fungal bioaerosols. There are no regulatory standards or other
widely accepted numerical guidelines available for interpretation of bioaerosol data. Current ACGIH guidelines (Macher, 1999)
refrain from providing numerical thresholds for bioaerosols. A study by Horner, et al (2004) suggests that most indoor
environments, with no history of water damage, exhibit the presence of species of Cladosporium and the Penicillium/Aspergillus
group of molds, but that the presence of more than a very few spores of species of Stachybotrys, Chaetomium, and Ulocladium
in an indoor sample indicates reservoirs of molds related to severe or prolonged water damage.
Air sampling for total mold spores indicated the presence of low indoor concentrations of mold spores. The indoor mold spore
concentrations were less than those measured outside. Total airborne mold spore concentrations were very low and are typical
of an occupied office setting. The visual inspection and mold testing did not identify moldy materials but did confirm that there
is an active roof leak in the gymnasium. The areas tested were clean and no significant accumulations of dust, waste, or other
potential sources of contamination were identified within the areas. Consequently, there were no indications of mold
amplification in the tested areas.
6
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
Recommendations
As a result of the investigation and sampling ATC recommends the following activities:






Until roof leak is repaired, place a poly tarp over the gymnasium floor to contain standing water.
Remove and replace the water stained ceiling tiles observed in the hallways.
Repair water stained ceiling in hallway outside of gymnasium.
Review the low relative humidity readings in the areas. Low relative humidity can result in eye irritation and complaints of
nose and throat discomfort but is not considered to be a health hazard.
Remove the damaged wood flooring in the gymnasium.
Maintain good housekeeping practices in the office area to include dusting of all surfaces to minimize the accumulation
of dust.
Limitations
This report has been prepared to assist DPS in understanding the IAQ conditions in specified areas at Spain Elementary/Middle
School at the time of the assessment.
ATC provided these services consistent with the level and skill ordinarily exercised by members of the profession currently
practicing under similar conditions. ATC also utilized the following indoor air quality industry standards and guidelines:
Bioaerosols: Assessment and Controls, 1999, by ACGIH; and the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62-2013 on Ventilation for Acceptable
Indoor Air Quality.
This statement is in lieu of other statements either expressed or implied. This report is intended for the sole use of the DPS.
The scope of services performed in execution of this evaluation may not be appropriate to satisfy the needs of other users, and
use or re-use of this document, the findings, conclusions, or recommendations is at the risk of said user.
Additionally, the passage of time may result in a change in the environmental characteristics at this site. This report does not
warrant against future operations or conditions that could affect the recommendations made. The results, findings, conclusions
and recommendations expressed in this report are based only on conditions that were observed during ATC's inspection of the
site.
We thank you for this opportunity to be of service to Detroit Public Schools. If you have any questions, please contact us at
248-669-5140.
Sincerely,
ATC Group Services LLC
Michael Hauswirth
Project Manager
Martin Gamble
Senior Project Manager
Attachments
7
February 22, 2016
Limited Baseline Indoor Air Quality Assessment
APPENDIX A
RESULTS OF TOTAL MOLD SPORE
AIR SAMPLING
8
3130 Old Farm Lane, Suite 1
Commerce Twp., MI 48390
877-665-3373
[email protected]
Laboratory Report
Prepared Exclusively For:
ATC Associates
Mike Hauswirth
46555 Humboldt Dr Suite 100
Novi, MI 48377
248-669-5140
[email protected]
Project: DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
Report Date: 02/08/2016
Sampled: 02/06/2016
Lab # E84250
Received: 02/07/2016
Analyzed: 02/08/2016
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
ATC Associates
DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
02/08/2016
E84250
Table of Contents
1
IMS Laboratory, LLC
2
Laboratory Results
3
Sample Comparison Graph
4
Understanding Laboratory Results
5
Sample Identification Definitions
6
Glossary of Terms
7
References
8
Warranties, Legal Disclaimers, and Limitations
- Important information about the testing laboratory.
- Laboratory results from the samples collected at the site.
- Graphical comparison of air samples sorted by organism identified.
- Detailed summary of how to understand the analytical results from the samples including
interpretive guidelines.
- Information about the organisms identified in the samples analyzed.
- Definitions of frequently used terms.
- Literature, websites, and other materials that can provide more in-depth information.
-2This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
ATC Associates
DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
02/08/2016
E84250
1 - IMS Laboratory, LLC
IMS Laboratory, LLC operates a state-of-the-art environmental laboratory, specializing in full
service microbial, asbestos and radon analyses. We maintain the highest levels of quality and
personalized service in the industry. Our analytical staff includes only Certified Indoor Air
Quality Professionals, Ph.D. Microbiologists, Mycologists, Microbiologists, and Biochemists.
Our team's extensive experience in indoor air quality sampling techniques, microbial
identification, and analytical interpretation allows us to offer our clients expert personalized
service and has made IMS Laboratory an industry leader.
IMS Laboratory is accredited through the American Industrial Hygiene Association Laboratory
Accreditation Programs, LLC (AIHA-LAP, LLC) for both viable and nonviable fungal
identification and through the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP)
for bulk asbestos. To maintain quality control and quality assurance, we use standardized
procedures approved under strict AIHA-LAP, LLC and NVLAP guidelines. Client data
information is compiled and stored in a specially designed computer management system for
secure, redundant data and the ability to comply with AIHA-LAP, LLC and NVLAP quality
system requirements. A portion of this quality system includes inter-analyst comparisons and
statistical quality control using blind duplicate analyses and process blanks. Laboratory data is
provided in compliance with AIHA-LAP, LLC and NVLAP policy modules and ISO/IEC 17025
guidelines.
This data is intended for use by professionals having the necessary knowledge of the testing
methods to interpret them accurately.
-3This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
ATC Associates
DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
02/08/2016
E84250
2 - Laboratory Results
Location: Blank
Sample # E84250 - 1
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 1583394
Exposure: 0.00 l/min. for 0.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 1 Spore/cu. m
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Percent(%)
0
0
N/A%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
1
27
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
0
0
N/A%
1
27
100.00%
Level
Very Low
Very Low
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Cladosporium
Serial # 1583363
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Background Item
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Low
Location: Classroom 141 - Center of Room
Sample # E84250 - 3
Spores/cu. m
No Trace or Fungal Spores
Observed
Location: Main Office - Center of Desk Area
Sample # E84250 - 2
Raw Count
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
No Fungal Spores Observed
Serial # 1583359
- Other Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min. Hyphal Fragment
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Very Low
Low
-4This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
Location: Classroom 142 - Center of Room
Sample # E84250 - 4
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 1583348
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
ATC Associates
DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
02/08/2016
E84250
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
1
1
1
3
27
27
27
81
33.33%
33.33%
33.33%
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
6
160
100.00%
1
27
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
1
1
2
27
27
54
50.00%
50.00%
100.00%
1
27
100.00%
Ascospores
Basidiospores
Cladosporium
Total Fungi
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Low
Location: 1st Fl - Breezeway Center (Lincoln Lane)
Sample # E84250 - 5
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Basidiospores
Serial # 1583355
- Other Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min. Hyphal Fragment
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Very Low
Low
Location: 2nd Fl - Hall Outside Rms 232 & 226
Sample # E84250 - 6
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Basidiospores
Serial # 1583345
Pen/Asp group
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min. Total Fungi
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
- Other -
Hyphal Fragment
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Very Low
Low
-5This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
Location: 3rd Fl - Hall - Middle by Clock
Sample # E84250 - 7
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
ATC Associates
DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
02/08/2016
E84250
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
0
0
N/A%
1
27
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
3
1
1
5
80
27
27
134
59.70%
20.15%
20.15%
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
7
1
1
9
187
27
27
241
77.59%
11.20%
11.20%
100.00%
Medium Type: AllergencoD
No Fungal Spores Observed
Serial # 1583367
- Other Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min. Hyphal Fragment
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Very Low
Low
Location: Basement Hall - Outside Girls Restroom
Sample # E84250 - 8
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 1583364
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Basidiospores
Cladosporium
Pen/Asp group
Total Fungi
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Level
Medium
Low
Location: Hall Outside Auditorium
Sample # E84250 - 9
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 1583368
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Pen/Asp group
Basidiospores
Cladosporium
Total Fungi
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Low
-6This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
Location: Band Room 153 - Center
Sample # E84250 - 10
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
No Fungal Spores Observed
Serial # 1583358
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Background Item
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Location: Dance Studio 158 - Center
Sample # E84250 - 11
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
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Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
0
0
N/A%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
5
1
6
133
27
160
83.13%
16.88%
100.00%
1
27
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
2
53
100.00%
Level
Low
Very Low
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Cladosporium
Serial # 1583350
Basidiospores
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min. Total Fungi
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
- Other -
Hyphal Fragment
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Very Low
Low
Location: Hallway Outside - Closed Section of Bldg
Sample # E84250 - 12
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Cladosporium
Serial # 1583360
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Background Item
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Low
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Location: Classroom 160 - Center of Room
Sample # E84250 - 13
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
No Fungal Spores Observed
Serial # 1583349
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Background Item
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Location: W. Side of Gym - Center
Sample # E84250 - 14
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Medium Type: AllergencoD
No Fungal Spores Observed
Serial # 1583392
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Background Item
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
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Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
0
0
N/A%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
0
0
N/A%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
3
2
2
1
8
80
53
53
27
213
37.56%
24.88%
24.88%
12.68%
100.00%
2
53
100.00%
Level
Low
Very Low
Level
Low
Very Low
Location: Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms
Sample # E84250 - 15
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 15833654
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Sample Identification
- Fungi -
Cladosporium
Basidiospores
Pen/Asp group
Epicoccum nigrum
Total Fungi
- Other -
Hyphal Fragment
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Low
Very Low
Low
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Location: E. Side of Gym - South End
Sample Identification
Sample # E84250 - 16
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 1583362
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
- Fungi -
Basidiospores
Cladosporium
Pen/Asp group
Total Fungi
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Opaque Particles
Location: Exterior
Medium Type: AllergencoD
Serial # 1583353
Exposure: 15.00 l/min. for 10.00 min.
Reporting Limit: 27 Spores/cu. m
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
1
1
1
3
27
27
27
81
33.33%
33.33%
33.33%
100.00%
Raw Count
Spores/cu. m
Percent(%)
4
2
2
1
9
107
53
53
27
240
44.58%
22.08%
22.08%
11.25%
100.00%
2
53
100.00%
Level
Low
Very Low
Sample Identification
Sample # E84250 - 17
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- Fungi -
Basidiospores
Cladosporium
Pen/Asp group
Pithomyces
Total Fungi
- Other -
Hyphal Fragment
Background Item
Dust / Debris
Hyphal Fragments
Opaque Particles
Level
Medium
Very Low
Low
Analytic Methods and Formulas:
IMS Laboratory Analytical Method: 2.2 (method for analyzing spore trap)
Results are rounded to appropriate significant figures per AIHA-LAP, LLC policy module 2A.5.10.5
Spores per cubic meter is determined by: Total Spore Count x 4 x (1000/(sampling rate)x(sampling time))
Note that this report may use mold-specific units, such as Spores/cu. m and CFU/cu. m for Sample Identifications such as pollen, fiberglass
fibers, and bacteria, which are not molds.
IMS Laboratory, LLC is accredited through the AIHA-LAP, LLC and participates in Environmental Microbiology Proficiency Testing, EMPAT
#172958. Data is provided in compliance with AIHA-LAP, LLC policy modules and ISO/IEC 17025 guidelines.
Analyst
Reviewer
02/08/2016
02/08/2016
Kathryn C. Langley, Lab Analyst
Seth M. Norman, Lab Reviewer
-9-
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3 - Sample Comparison Graph
Spore Trap Samples - Spores per Cubic Meter
Blank
NO FUNGI FOUND
Main Office - Center of Desk Area
Cladosporium
1
27
10
100
Classroom 141 - Center of Room
Hyphal Fragment
1
27
10
100
Classroom 142 - Center of Room
Ascospores
27
Basidiospores
27
Cladosporium
1
27
10
100
1st Fl - Breezeway Center (Lincoln Lane)
Basidiospores
160
Hyphal Fragment
1
27
10
100
2nd Fl - Hall Outside Rms 232 & 226
Basidiospores
27
Pen/Asp group
27
Hyphal Fragment
1
27
10
100
3rd Fl - Hall - Middle by Clock
Hyphal Fragment
1
27
10
100
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Spore Trap Samples - Spores per Cubic Meter
Basement Hall - Outside Girls Restroom
Basidiospores
80
Cladosporium
27
Pen/Asp group
1
27
10
100
Hall Outside Auditorium
Basidiospores
27
Cladosporium
27
Pen/Asp group
1
187
10
100
Band Room 153 - Center
NO FUNGI FOUND
Dance Studio 158 - Center
Basidiospores
27
Cladosporium
133
Hyphal Fragment
1
27
10
100
Hallway Outside - Closed Section of Bldg
Cladosporium
1
53
10
100
Classroom 160 - Center of Room
NO FUNGI FOUND
W. Side of Gym - Center
NO FUNGI FOUND
Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms
Basidiospores
53
Cladosporium
80
Epicoccum nigrum
27
Pen/Asp group
53
Hyphal Fragment
1
53
10
100
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Spore Trap Samples - Spores per Cubic Meter
E. Side of Gym - South End
Basidiospores
27
Cladosporium
27
Pen/Asp group
1
27
10
100
Exterior
Basidiospores
107
Cladosporium
53
Pen/Asp group
53
Pithomyces
27
Hyphal Fragment
1
53
10
100
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4 - Understanding Laboratory Results
Laboratory findings must only be considered as part of an overall mold investigation. The
interpretation of the findings must only be made by a qualified individual after reviewing all
relevant data. Visual information and environmental conditions measured during the site
assessment are crucial to any final interpretation of the results. A very good reference book
which covers sampling and data interpretation has been published by The American Conference
of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists and is entitled Bioaerosols: Assessment and Control,
1999.
Numerical guidelines cannot be used as the primary determinant as to whether a mold problem
may exist. Concentrations of mold in the air will vary depending on weather conditions, building
air flow, time of day and time of year. Comparisons between indoor and outdoor mold levels,
types of mold found, visual information and environmental conditions are more important in
interpreting results than reliance on specific numeric thresholds.
In Indoor Air Quality in Office Buildings: A Technical Guide, Health Canada, Revised 1995
(Pages 49-50), Health Canada set forth guidelines which can be used to better understand air
testing results. The guidelines included these general principles. Significant numbers of certain
pathogenic fungi should not be present in indoor air (e.g. Aspergillus fumigatus, Histoplasma,
and Cryptcoccus). Bird or bat droppings in air intakes, ducts or rooms should be assumed to
contain these pathogens. The persistent presence of significant numbers of toxigenic fungi (e.g.
Stachybotrys atra, toxigenic Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium species) indicate that further
investigation and action should be taken. The confirmed presence of one or more fungal species
occurring as a significant percentage of a sample in indoor air samples and not similarly present
in concurrent outdoor samples is evidence of a fungal amplifier. The "normal" air mycoflora is
qualitatively similar and quantitatively lower than that of outdoor air. The significant presence
of fungi in humidifiers and diffuser ducts and on moldy ceiling tiles and other surfaces requires
investigation and remedial action regardless of the airborne mold concentrations.
Generally, mold spores are present everywhere. As a general rule, "normal" air mycoflora is
qualitatively similar and quantitatively lower than that of outdoor air. When the converse is true,
it is likely that an indoor source of mold may exist. However, even this most basic rule may
produce misleading results. Airborne mold spore levels vary widely due to factors such as
weather conditions and activity levels. For example, in a "normal" home, indoor mold spore
levels may be elevated above outdoor spore levels after vacuuming (when airborne indoor levels
could be unusually high) or after a heavy snow (when outdoor levels could be unusually low).
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Surface Sampling primarily identifies the types and relative proportions of mold on a surface.
Viable surface sampling will identify living mold, while nonviable surface sampling will identify
all mold (but cannot distinguish between living or dead mold). Surface sampling may confirm
that a substance is mold or identify the types of mold present on the surface. Because mold is
everywhere, there is a high probability that a surface sample from a "clean" surface will still
identify mold on that surface.
There are currently no state or federal standards or guidelines regarding results of fungal
samples. There are no levels, which are typical or permissible. There are no recommended
exposure limits, no permissible exposure limits, no threshold limit values and no short term
exposure limits.
These guidelines are not intended, nor should they be used, for health evaluation purposes or to
evaluate the safety of an occupied space. A physician should be consulted regarding health
and/or safety questions.
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5 - Sample Identification Definitions
Ascospores
A large group of spores that are very ubiquitous in nature. They are frequently found in the air
after a rain. Most ascospores are plant pathogens; a small portion have been known to cause
infection in humans but are identified separately.
Found in these Sample Locations:
(4) Classroom 142 - Center of Room
Basidiospores
A large group of spores that are very ubiquitous in nature. They are released from mushrooms,
shelf fungi, puffballs, and a variety of other macro fungi. Basidiospores may be allergenic to
those with seasonal allergies.
Found in these Sample Locations: (4) Classroom 142 - Center of Room (5) 1st Fl - Breezeway Center (Lincoln
Lane) (6) 2nd Fl - Hall Outside Rms 232 & 226 (8) Basement Hall - Outside Girls Restroom (9) Hall Outside
Auditorium (11) Dance Studio 158 - Center (15) Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms (16) E. Side of
Gym - South End (17) Exterior
Cladosporium
One of the most commonly identified outdoor fungi. It is often found indoors in numbers less
than outdoors. Cladosporium is also found on decaying plants and food, straw, paint, and
textiles. It is generally regarded to be allergenic and can be a cause of extrinsic asthma
(immediate type hypersensitivity: Type I). Cladosporium has been reported in cases of skin
lesions, keratitis, onychomycosis, sinusitis, and pulmonary infections.
Found in these Sample Locations: (2) Main Office - Center of Desk Area (4) Classroom 142 - Center of Room
(8) Basement Hall - Outside Girls Restroom (9) Hall Outside Auditorium (11) Dance Studio 158 - Center (12)
Hallway Outside - Closed Section of Bldg (15) Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms (16) E. Side of Gym South End (17) Exterior
Epicoccum nigrum
Epicoccum nigrum (also known as Epicoccum purpurascens) is the only species in the genus
Epicoccum. It is very commonly isolated from plants, air, animals, foodstuffs, and textiles.
Epicoccum nigrum is a known plant pathogen, but is not pathogenic to humans.
Found in these Sample Locations:
(15) Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms
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Hyphal Fragment
A tubular filament which is the vegetative, nutrient-absorbing portion of the fungus.
Found in these Sample Locations: (3) Classroom 141 - Center of Room (5) 1st Fl - Breezeway Center (Lincoln
Lane) (6) 2nd Fl - Hall Outside Rms 232 & 226 (7) 3rd Fl - Hall - Middle by Clock (11) Dance Studio 158 Center (15) Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms (17) Exterior
No Fungal Spores Observed
Analyst did not observe matter which could be identified as fungal spores.
Found in these Sample Locations: (3) Classroom 141 - Center of Room (7) 3rd Fl - Hall - Middle by Clock
(10) Band Room 153 - Center (13) Classroom 160 - Center of Room (14) W. Side of Gym - Center
No Trace or Fungal Spores Observed
No visible trace or spores were observed in the sampling area.
Found in these Sample Locations:
(1) Blank
Pen/Asp group
The spores of the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, Gliocladium, and Trichoderma are quite
similar when viewed under a microscope and are grouped together under the heading Pen/Asp.
Penicillium species are among the most common fungi found in indoor environments,
particularly basements. Certain species may cause infections of the eye, external ear, respiratory
system, and urinary tract. Some species of Aspergillus are parasitic on insects, plants, and
animals including humans. All Aspergillus species are allergenic. Various species can cause
extrinsic asthma, pulmonary emphysema, opportunistic infections of the ears and eyes, and
severe pulmonary infections. Many species of Penicillium and Aspergillus produce mycotoxins
which may be associated with diseases in humans and animals. Several toxins are considered
potential human carcinogens. The genus Gliocladium has not been reported to cause disease in
man or animals. The genus Trichoderma has been reported to cause infections in
immunocompromised individuals, patients undergoing dialysis, and individuals with chronic
kidney failure or chronic lung disease.
Found in these Sample Locations: (6) 2nd Fl - Hall Outside Rms 232 & 226 (8) Basement Hall - Outside Girls
Restroom (9) Hall Outside Auditorium (15) Hallway Between Boys & Girls Locker Rms (16) E. Side of Gym South End (17) Exterior
Pithomyces
A fungus commonly found on decaying plant material. It is often isolated from air and soil.
Pithomyces is not a known human pathogen, but has been known to cause facial eczema on
ruminants (e.g. cattle, sheep, goats).
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Found in these Sample Locations:
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(17) Exterior
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6 - Glossary of Terms
Agar ~
A gelatinous medium used for growing microorganisms (e.g. mold, yeast, and bacteria).
Colony ~
A group of hyphae (filaments) of the same type of microorganism growing together. A colony
can be seen with the naked eye.
Colony Forming Unit (CFU) ~
A unit of measure describing the number of colonies present in or on a surface of a sample.
Exposure ~
The exposure refers to the quantity of a sample collected for laboratory analysis. With reference
to air tests, the exposure is determined by multiplying the flow rate of the collection device by
the length of time the device was operating.
Fungus (fungi, pl) ~
Fungi are a form of life (eukaryotic) which can range from unicellular to filamentous. Fungi lack
chlorophyll and absorb nutrients. Fungi can reproduce by sexual, asexual, or both means. Mold
is a type of fungi.
Hypha (hyphae, pl) / hyphal fragment ~
Hypha is the tubular filament which is the vegetative, nutrient absorbing portion of the fungus.
Mold ~
A very large group of microscopic fungi. Most are filamentous organisms and produce spores
that can be air-, water-, or insect-borne. Mold can be a common trigger for allergies. For people
who are sensitive to mold, exposure can cause symptoms such as nasal stuffiness, eye irritation,
or wheezing. People with serious allergies to mold may have more severe reactions. Severe
reactions may occur among workers exposed to large amounts of molds in occupational settings.
People with chronic illnesses, such as obstructive lung disease, may develop mold infections in
their lungs. Mold growth in the home can be slowed by keeping humidity levels below 50% and
ventilating showers and cooking areas.
Mycotoxin ~
A substance produced by fungi which can be toxic to man and/or animals.
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Opaque particle ~
Opaque particles are dark, non-biological, debris through which light will not pass.
Petri Dish ~
A dish containing agar for the culturing of microorganisms (e.g. fungi or bacteria).
Raw Count ~
The number of particles counted by an analyst during the examination of specimen.
Reporting Limit (RL) ~
The reporting limit (RL) is the limit of detection for an analyte that can be reliably reported by
using a given analytical method. The RL is dependent on the time and volume of sampling.
Sample Medium ~
The sample medium refers to the type of test conducted (e.g. swab, spore trap air test, tape lift,
etc.).
Serial Number ~
A manufacturer's specific identification code on a test medium (e.g. spore trap or tape lift).
Spore ~
A propagule/structure produced by fungi as a means of reproduction, survival, and
dissemination. Spores can be single cellular or multicellular.
Spore Trap ~
A Spore trap is a collection device (or media) used to capture airborne spores and other airborne
particulates. Spore traps are analyzed by microscopic means and do not distinguish between
viable and non-viable cells.
Too Numerous To Count (TNTC) ~
TNTC is used to denote specimens in which a type of organism is present at an extremely high
level or has grown together so that individual colonies cannot be distinguished.
Toxigenic fungi ~
Toxigenic fungi are fungi capable of producing toxic substances.
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7 - References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mold. www.cdc.gov/mold.
De Hoog, G. S., J. Guarro, J. Gene, & M. J. Figueras. Atlas of Clinical Fungi 2nd.
Centraalbureau voor Schimmel cultures, 2000.
Ellis, M.B. Dematiaceous Hyphomyces. CABI Publishing; Cambridge, MA. 1971.
Ellis, M.B. More Dematiaceous Hyphomyces. CABI Publishing; Cambridge, MA. 2001.
Finegold, Sydney M. and Ellen Jo Baron. Baily and Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology 7th edition.
C. V. Mosby Co.; St. Louis, MO 1986.
Helbling, A., G. Federica, and K.A. Brander. Respiratory allergy to mushroom spores: not well
recognized, but relevant. Ann. Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. 1999, Vol 83, no. 1, pp.
178-19.
Hurst, Christon J. et al. Manual of Environmental Microbiology 2nd edition. ASM Press;
Washington, D.C. 2002.
Kendrick, Bryce. The Fifth Kingdom 2nd edition. Focus Texts, Newburyport, MA 1992.
Klich, Maren. Identification of Common Aspergillus Species. Centraalbureau v.
Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, the Netherlands. 2002.
Koneman EW et al. Color atlas & Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology 4th edition. JB
Lippincott Co.; Philadelphia, PA 1992
Larone, Davise H. Medically Important Fungi a Guide to Identification 4th edition. ASM Press;
Washington, D.C. 2002.
Lstiburek, Joseph & John Carmody. Moisture Control Handbook. John Wiley & Sons Inc. June
1996.
Macher, Janet et al. Bioaerosols: Assessment and Control. ACGIH; Cincinnati, OH.
Marta, E., MD and Kathleen S. Kern PhD. Medical Mycology: A self Instructional Text 2nd
edition. FA Davis Co. 1997.
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May, Jeffery C. My House is Killing Me. The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore, MD 2001.
McCrone Research Institute. Indoor Air Quality: Identification of Fungal Spores and House
Dust. McCrone Research Institute. Chicago, IL 2003.
Pitt, John L. A Laboratory Guide to Common Penicillium Spores-3rd Edition. Food Science
Australia, CSIRO, Australia 2000.
Smith, E. Grant. Sampling and Identifying Allergenic Pollens and Molds An Illustrated
Identification Manual for Air Samples. Blewstone Press, San Antonio, TX. 1990.
Sugar, Alan M. and Caron A. Lyman. A Practical Guide to Medically Important Fungi and
Diseases They Cause. Lippincott Raven Publishers; Philadelphia, PA 1997.
Ulloa, Miguel and Richard T. Hanlin. Illustrated Dictionary of Mycology. Amer.
Phytopathological Society; 2000.
Unites States Environmental Protection Agency. Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial
Buildings. United States Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 402-K-01-001. March 2001.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. Molds and Moisture. www.epa.gov/mold.
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8 - Warranties, Legal Disclaimers, and Limitations
IMS's scope of accreditation through the AIHA-LAP, LLC is for the following
FoT(s)/Method(s): Fungal Air - Culturable (SOP 2.4 Cultured Air Sample Reporting); Fungal
Bulk - Culturable (SOP 2.5); Fungal Surface - Culturable (SOP 2.5); Fungal Air - Direct
Examination (SOP 2.2 and 2.3); Fungal Bulk - Direct Examination (SOP 2.6); and Fungal
Surface - Direct Examination (SOP 2.1).
The study and understanding of molds is a progressing science. Because different methods of
sampling, collection and analysis exist within the indoor air quality industry, different inspectors
or analysts may not always agree on the mold concentrations present in a given environment.
Additionally, the airborne levels of mold change frequently and by large amounts due to many
factors including activity levels, weather, air exchange rates (indoors), and disturbance of growth
sites. It is possible for report interpretations and ranges of accuracy to vary since comprehensive,
generally accepted industry standards do not currently exist for indoor air quality inspections of
mold in residential indoor environments. This report is intended to provide an analysis based
upon samples taken at the site at the time of the inspection. Mold levels can and do change
rapidly, especially if home building materials or contents remain wet for more than 24 hours, or
if they are wet frequently. This report is not intended to provide medical or healthcare advice. All
allergy or medical-related questions and concerns, including health concerns relating to possible
mold exposure, should be directed to a qualified physician. If this report indicates indoor mold
levels that are higher than in typical indoor living spaces relative to the outdoor environment, or
indicates any findings that are of concern to you, further evaluation by a trained mold
professional or a Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH) may be advisable.
Results pertain only to the items tested. Unless otherwise noted in the body of this report, the
condition of samples upon receipt was acceptable. Blank samples are reported in the same
manner as all other samples. The results are not corrected for contamination.
This report is generated by IMS at the request of, and for the exclusive use of, the IMS client
named on this report. The analysis of the test samples is performed by IMS. This report applies
only to the samples taken at the time, place and location referenced in the report and received by
IMS, and to the property and weather conditions existing at that time only. Please be aware,
however, that property conditions, inspection findings and laboratory results can and do change
over time relative to the original sampling due to changing conditions, the normal fluctuation of
airborne mold, and many other factors. IMS does not furnish, and has no responsibility for, the
inspector or inspection service that performs the inspection or collects the test samples. It is the
responsibility of the end-user of this report to select a properly trained professional to conduct the
inspection and collect appropriate samples for analysis and interpretation. Neither IMS, nor its
- 22 This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.
Report Prepared For:
Project Name:
Report Date:
Lab Number:
ATC Associates
DPS Spain Elem-Middle School - 3700 Beaubien
02/08/2016
E84250
affiliates, subsidiaries, suppliers, employees, agents, contractors and attorneys ("IMS related
party") are able to make and do not make any determinations as to the safety or health condition
of a property in this report. The client and client's customer are solely responsible for the use of,
and any determinations made from, this report, and no IMS related party shall have any liability
with respect to decisions or recommendations made or actions taken by either the client or the
client's customer based on the report.
Samples analyzed by IMS are disposed the day that they are analyzed. Storage may be available
for a fee with written request at the time the samples are submitted for analysis.
IMS hereby expressly disclaims any and all representations and warranties of any
kind or nature, whether express, implied or statutory, related to the testing services
or this report including, but not limited to, damages for loss of profit or goodwill
regardless of the negligence (either sole or concurrent) of IMS and whether IMS has
been informed of the possibility of such damages, arising out of or in connection with
IMS's services or the delivery, use, reliance upon or interpretation of test results by
client or any third party. In no event will IMS be liable for any special, indirect,
incidental, punitive, or consequential damages of any kind regardless of the form of
action whether in contract, tort (including negligence), strict product liability or
otherwise, arising from or related to the testing services or this report.
IMS accepts no legal responsibility for the purposes for which the client uses the test results. IMS
will not be held responsible for the improper selection of sampling devices even if we supply the
device to the user. The user of the sampling device has the sole responsibility to select the proper
sampler and sampling conditions to insure that a valid sample is taken for analysis. Additionally,
neither this report nor IMS makes any express or implied warranty or guarantee regarding the
inspection or sampling done by the inspector, the qualifications, training or sampling
methodology used by the inspector performing the sampling and inspection reported herein, or
the accuracy of any information provided to IMS serving as a basis for this report. The total
liability of IMS related to or arising from this report to a client or any third party, whether under
contract law, tort law, warranty or otherwise, shall be limited to direct damages not to exceed the
fees actually received by IMS from the client for the report. The invalidity or unenforceability, in
whole or in part, of any provision, term or condition herein shall not invalidate or otherwise
affect the enforceability of the remainder of these provisions, terms and conditions. Client shall
indemnify IMS and its officers, directors and employees and hold each of them harmless for any
liability, expense or cost, including reasonable attorney's fees, incurred by reason of any third
party claim in connection with IMS's services, the test result data or its use by client.
- End of Lab Report Number E84250 - 23 This report has been prepared by IMS Laboratory, LLC at the request of and for the exclusive use of ATC Associates. Read the
important terms, conditions, and limitations that apply to this report carefully.

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