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Turb 355 IR/T
Operating Manual ba75454e03 09/2010
Portable turbidimeter
41
Accuracy when going to press
The use of advanced technology and the high quality standard of our instruments are the result of a continuous development. This may result in differences between this operating manual and your instrument. Also, we cannot guarantee that there are absolutely no errors in this manual.
Therefore, we are sure you will understand that we cannot accept any legal claims resulting from the data, figures or descriptions.
42
Copyright © Weilheim 2010, WTW GmbH
Reproduction in whole - or even in part - is prohibited without the express written permission of WTW GmbH, Weilheim.
Printed in Germany.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Authorized use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
General safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Scope of delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Initial commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Instructions for operating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Marking and indexing cuvettes . . . . . . . . . . 55
Venting the sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Measuring turbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Basic information on calibration . . . . . . . . . . 61
Calibration procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Preparing the calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Three-point calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Partial (user-defined) calibration . . . . . . . . . 66
5 Maintenance, cleaning, disposal . . . . . . . . . . 69
Changing the batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Cleaning the instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Cleaning the cuvettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
6 What to do if... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
7 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
8 Accessories, Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
9 Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
43
Inhaltsverzeichnis
44
Overview
1 Overview
The Turb 355 IR/T enables rapid and reliable turbidity measurements to be carried out on individual samples.
The measuring method used corresponds to
DIN EN ISO 7027 (Turb 355 IR) or US EPA 180.1
(Turb 355 T).
1
2
3
4 4 2 8 3
NTU
FNU
TURB 355 IR
CAL 5
1
2
3
4
5
Cuvette in the cuvette shaft
Marking ring for calibration standard
Mark
Display
Keypad
45
46
Overview
1.1
Display
The LCD display has the following display elements:
1 2 3
CAL ERR
...8
NTU
FNU
5
4
1 Calibration symbol - instrument in Calibration mode
2 Error symbol - flashes when an error occurs
3 Battery symbol - is illuminated if the battery needs to be changed
4 Measuring unit NTU or FNU
5 Main line
Overview
1.2
Keypad
The Turb 355 IR/T has a keypad with the following 5 keys:
Key
CAL
Function
Switch measuring instrument on/off
Select calibration standard
Start measurement; press and hold: index the cell; release again: start measurement or calibration
Call up or terminate calibration mode
47
Overview
48
Safety
Target group
2 Safety
This operating manual contains basic instructions that you must follow during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of the measuring instrument. Consequently, all responsible personnel must read this operating manual before working with the measuring instrument.
The operating manual must always be available within the vicinity of the measuring instrument.
The measuring instrument was developed for measurements on site and in the laboratory. We assume that, due to their professional training and experience, operators are familiar with the safety measures that are necessary when handling chemicals.
Symbols used
Caution indicates instructions that have to be followed to prevent damage to your instrument.
Note indicates notes that draw your attention to special features.
Note indicates cross-references to other documents, e.g.
Application reports.
49
Safety
2.1
Authorized use
Authorized use consists exclusively of the turbidity measurement of individual samples on site or in a laboratory environment.
The technical specifications given in the T ECHNICAL D ATA chapter must be observed. Only the operation and running of the measuring instrument according to the instructions given in this operating manual is authorized. Any other use is considered unauthorized.
Function and operating safety
2.2
General safety instructions
This instrument left the factory in a technically safe and secure condition.
The smooth functioning and operational safety of the measuring instrument can only be guaranteed if the generally applicable safety measures and the specific safety instructions that appear in this operating manual are followed during operation.
The smooth functioning and operational safety of the measuring instrument can only be guaranteed under the climatic conditions specified in the chapter, T ECHNICAL
D ATA .
If the instrument was transported from a cold environment to a warm environment, the formation of condensate can impair the functioning of the instrument. In this event, wait until the temperature of the instrument reaches room temperature before putting the instrument back into operation.
50
Safety
Safe operation If safe operation is no longer possible, the instrument must be taken out of service and secured against inadvertent operation!
Safe operation is no longer possible if the measuring instrument z has been damaged in transport z has been stored under adverse conditions for a lengthy period of time z is visibly damaged z no longer operates as described in this manual.
If you are in any doubt, please contact the supplier of the instrument.
Obligations of the operator
The purchaser of this measuring instrument must ensure that the following laws and guidelines are observed when using dangerous substances: z EEC directives for protective labor legislation z National protective labor legislation z Safety regulations z Safety datasheets of the chemical manufacturers.
51
Safety
52
Commissioning
3 Commissioning
3.1
Scope of delivery z Turb 355 IR or Turb 355 T handheld turbidimeter z Operating manual z 3 calibration standards (0.02 / 10.0 / 1000 NTU/FNU) z Two empty cuvettes z 3 marking rings z Cleaning cloths z Carrying case with short operating manual z 4 alkaline manganese batteries, type AAA/Micro (in the meter)
3.2
Initial commissioning
Switching on
1 Switch on the turbidimeter: Press the
0
key for approx. one second. The instrument is immediately ready for operation.
Note
The meter was calibrated and tested by the manufacturer before delivery. Consequently, you can begin to measure immediately. However, we recommend to recalibrate following the initial commissioning (see section
4.3 C ALIBRATION ). Thus, you will quickly become familiar with the operation and calibration of the meter.
53
54
Commissioning
Display when ready to measure
After switching on or calibrating the following display indicates that the instrument is ready to measure:
Display during measurement
4
3 ERR
- r d -
NTU
FNU
While measuring, the instrument displays moving dashes prior to displaying a stable measured value:
CAL ERR
-
NTU
FNU
After approx. 8 - 11 seconds the measured value is displayed:
Example of a measured value display CAL ERR
4 2 8 3
NTU
FNU
Energy saving feature
The instrument has an energy saving feature.
The energy saving feature switches off the instrument if no key is pressed for 5 minutes.
Operation
Cleaning the cuvette
Indexing the sample cuvette
Marking calibration standards
4 Operation
4.1
Instructions for operating
4.1.1 Marking and indexing cuvettes
Even completely clean quality cuvettes exhibit tiny directional differences in their light transmittance. Therefore, if you want to achieve accurate and reproducible measurement results, it is necessary to always index the sample cuvettes and calibration standards in the same way
(see section 2130 of the "Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater", 19th edition).
Note
Never apply oily liquids (or so-called "special silicone oils") in order to "smooth" possible scratches. They would unnecessarily soil the meter and your working environment. The measurement accuracy is ensured by aligning the cuvettes.
Scratched cuvettes have to be replaced.
The cuvette must be absolutely clean (see section
).
A sample cuvette with screwable light protection cap is
indexed during measurement (see section 4.2 M EASURING
).
Calibration standards with a permanently fixed light protection cap can be permanently marked using the marking rings provided. A marked calibration standard can be quickly brought into the optimum position. For this purpose, the marking rings have an arrow that is turned towards the mark on the light shaft. This shortens the entire calibration procedure.
55
Operation
Mark a calibration standard as follows:
1 Switch on the turbidimeter: Press the
0
key.
2 Make sure that the outside of the cuvette is clean, dry, and free of fingerprints.
3 Insert the calibration standard in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
4 Slowly rotate the calibration standard by one complete rotation (by 360 °) in small steps and hold the 1 key depressed while doing so. After each step, wait for a moment until the display is stable.
Watch the display of the turbidimeter while you rotate the cuvette. Subsequently, turn the calibration standard to the position with the lowest displayed value.
Note
To keep the drift as low as possible, the time for indexing the cuvette while pressing and holding the 1 key is limited to
30 or 60 seconds. After this time the turbidimeter automatically starts the measurement or calibration.
5 With the cuvette in this position, place a marking ring on the calibration standard so that the arrow on the marking ring points to the mark on the enclosure.
6 Leave the marking ring on the light protection cap of the calibration standard. This calibration standard is now marked permanently.
56
Operation
Indexing a calibration standard during calibration
A marked calibration standard is indexed as follows:
1 Insert the marked calibration standard in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
2 Turn the calibration standard so that the arrow on the marking ring points to the mark on the enclosure.
3 While pressing and holding the 1 key, slowly align the calibration standard in the range around the arrow, i.e. turn it in small steps. After each step, wait for a moment until the display is stable.
Subsequently, turn the calibration standard to the position with the lowest displayed value.
4 Leave go of the 1 key.
Avoiding or removing air bubbles
4.1.2 Venting the sample
Air bubbles in the sample affect the measuring result to a massive extent because they have an extensive scattering effect on the incident light. Larger air bubbles cause sudden changes in the measured values whereas smaller air bubbles are recorded by the instrument as turbidity.
Therefore, avoid or remove air bubbles: z During sampling, ensure all movement is kept to a minimum z If necessary, vent the sample (ultrasonic baths, heating or adding a surface-active substance to reduce surface tension)
57
Operation
4.2
Measuring turbidity
Caution
Never pour liquid directly into the cuvette shaft. Always use a cuvette for the measurement. The measuring instrument only measures precisely when the cuvette is closed with the black light protective cap (WTW cuvettes).
Note
The outside of the cuvette always has to be clean, dry, and free of fingerprints. Clean the cuvette before starting to
measure (see section 5.2.2 C LEANING THE CUVETTES
). Only hold the cuvettes by the top or by the black light protection cap.
Measuring This is how to measure the turbidity of a sample using the
Turb 355 IR/T:
1 Switch on the turbidimeter: Press the
0
key.
2 Rinse out a clean cuvette with the sample to be measured:
Pour approximately 10 ml sample into the cuvette.
Close the cuvette and rotate it several times before throwing the sample away.
3 Repeat the rinsing procedure twice more.
4 Fill the cuvette with the sample to be measured
(approx. 15 ml). Close the cuvette with the black light protection cap.
58
Operation
5 Make sure that the outside of the cuvette is clean, dry, and free of fingerprints.
6 Insert the cuvette in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
7 Align the cuvette:
Slowly rotate the cuvette by one complete rotation
(by 360 °) in small steps and hold the 1 key depressed while doing so. After each step, wait for a moment until the display is stable. Watch the display of the turbidimeter while you rotate the cuvette.
Subsequently, turn the cuvette to the position with the lowest displayed value.
Note
To keep the drift as low as possible, the time for indexing the cuvette while pressing and holding the 1 key is limited to
30 or 60 seconds. After this time the turbidimeter automatically starts the measurement or calibration.
8 Leave go of the 1 key.
9 Dashes are displayed while the measured value is being determined.
10 Read the measured value when it is displayed.
CAL ERR
4 2 8 3
NTU
FNU
11 Repeat steps 2 to 9 for further samples.
59
60
Operation
Display when measuring range is exceeded
If the measured value is outside the measuring range of the
Turb 355 IR/T, 1100 flashes on the display:
CAL 1
4
3 ERR
1 1 0 0
NTU
FNU
Switching the meter on/off
To switch the meter off, press the 1 key.
Operation
Why calibrate?
When to calibrate?
4.3
Calibration
4.3.1 Basic information on calibration
Just like any other measuring instrument, the measuring accuracy of the Turb 355 IR/T has to be checked and adjusted at regular intervals.
Under normal conditions, we recommend calibrating the turbidimeter at least every three months.
Calibration points and measuring ranges
4.3.2 Calibration procedures
You have the following possibilities for calibrating the Turb
355 IR/T: z Three-point calibration over the entire measuring range
according to the specified calibration program (section
z Partial (user-defined) calibration over a limited range
z Single-point calibration. This is a special user-defined calibration and only recommended as a temporary solution. After a single-point calibration, measuring is only possible close to the calibration point and with reduced accuracy.
For optimum calibration over the entire measuring range of the instrument, you will require the following three calibration standards:
Standard no. NTU/FNU
1 1000
2
3
10.0
0.02
The calibration can also be performed with less than the
61
Operation three calibration standards if the anticipated measured values lie in a limited range (partial calibration). However, when selecting the calibration points, the following rules must be followed so that the instrument measures with the
precision specified in chapter 7 T ECHNICAL DATA
within the calibration period: z The expected measuring range must lie between two calibration points.
z If there are more possible calibration points between the start and end of the calibration interval, they must be used.
4.3.3 Preparing the calibration
Perform the following preparatory activities when you want to calibrate:
1 Have the required calibration standards ready and
mark them as necessary (see 4.1.1 M ARKING AND
2 Make sure that the outsides of the cuvettes are clean, dry, and free of fingerprints.
Caution
Never open the cuvettes containing the calibration standards.
62
Operation
Calibration sequence
4.3.4 Three-point calibration
The three-point calibration according to the calibration program calibrates the instrument using the calibration standards in the following order:
1000 > 10.0 > 0.02 NTU/FNU
Note
If, after the end of a calibration step, you do not resume the calibration within 5 minutes, the instrument automatically switches itself off. The data calibrated up to this point remain stored and will be used.
To calibrate your measuring instrument using the calibration program, proceed as follows:
1 Switch on the turbidimeter: Press the
0
key.
2 Press the g
key. CAL and a flashing 1000 appear on the display. This indicates that you should insert the
1000 NTU/FNU calibration standard.
CAL 1
2
3 ERR
1 0 0 0
NTU
FNU
63
64
Operation
3 Insert the 1000 NTU/FNU calibration standard in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
4 Press the 1 key and align the cuvette as
After releasing the 1 key a 30 seconds countdown is displayed. The instrument measures the calibration standard and afterwards shortly displays the 1000. Then the prompt to insert the second calibration standard is displayed:
CAL 1
4
3
1
ERR
1 0 0
NTU
FNU
5 Insert the 10.0 NTU/FNU calibration standard in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
6 Press the 1 key and align the cuvette as
After releasing the 1 key a 60 seconds countdown is displayed. The instrument measures the calibration standard and afterwards shortly displays the 10.0. Then the prompt to insert the third calibration standard is displayed:
Operation
CAL 1
2
3
1
ERR
0 0 2
NTU
FNU
7 Insert the 0.02 NTU/FNU calibration standard in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
8 Press the 1 key and align the cuvette as
After releasing the 1 key a 30 seconds countdown is displayed. The instrument measures the calibration standard and afterwards shortly displays the 0.02. Then the instrument returns to the measuring mode:
Terminating the calibration prematurely
4
3 ERR
- r d -
NTU
FNU
When you want to terminate the calibration prematurely after a calibration step is finished press the g
key. The instrument returns to the measuring mode. The instrument stores the data calibrated up to this point and will use them for future measurements.
65
66
Operation
4.3.5 Partial (user-defined) calibration
You can also calibrate the instrument using two or only one calibration standard. When doing so, please follow the notes
in 4.3.2 C ALIBRATION PROCEDURES .
1 Switch on the turbidimeter: Press the
0
key.
2 Press the g
key. CAL and a flashing 1000 appear on the display. This indicates that you should insert the
1000 NTU/FNU calibration standard.
CAL 1
4
3 ERR
1 0 0 0
NTU
FNU
3 If required, select another calibration standard (10.0 or 0.02 NTU/FNU) with the 8 or 2 key.
4 Insert the selected (flashing) calibration standard in the cuvette shaft so that it clicks into place.
5 Press the 1 key and align the cuvette as
After releasing the 1 key a 30 or 60 seconds countdown is displayed. The instrument measures the calibration standard and afterwards shortly displays the nominal value of the calibration standard. Then the prompt to insert the next lower calibration standard is displayed.
6 If required, select another calibration standard with the
8
or
2
key (the display of the respective calibration standard flashes).
7 Repeat steps 4 to 6 until all required calibration standards have been measured.
Operation
Note
After calibration with the 0.02 NTU/FNU calibration standard, the instrument automatically terminates the calibration program and returns to the measuring mode.
Terminating the calibration
When you want to terminate the calibration after a calibration step is finished press the g
key. The instrument returns to the measuring mode. The instrument stores the data calibrated up to this point and will use them for future measurements.
67
Operation
68
Maintenance, cleaning, disposal
Battery symbol flashes
5 Maintenance, cleaning, disposal
5.1
Changing the batteries
The batteries must soon be changed if the battery symbol h
flashes on the display:
Battery symbol permanently illuminated
CAL ERR
4 2 8 3
NTU
FNU
The batteries are nearly empty and should soon be exchanged. The instrument still measures with the specified accuracy.
A battery exchange is immediately necessary when the battery symbol h
is displayed permanently:
CAL ERR
4 2 8 3
NTU
FNU
In this case, change the batteries immediately. The instrument might no longer measure with the specified accuracy. If the batteries are too weak to measure, the turbidimeter switches itself off. It can only be switched on again when the batteries have been replaced.
69
Maintenance, cleaning, disposal
Battery replacement
1
2
3
4
1 Switch off the turbidimeter: Press the
0
key.
2 Place the instrument with the operating panel face down on a soft surface.
3 Undo the two screws (1).
4 Open the lid of the battery compartment (2).
5 Remove the old batteries from the battery compartment.
6 Insert new batteries (3). While doing so, check that the poles are correct according to the diagram in the battery compartment.
7 Replace the lid of the battery compartment.
8 Attach the lid with the two screws. At the same time, make sure that the sealing gasket around the battery compartment (4) forms a tight seal with the lid.
70
Maintenance, cleaning, disposal
5.2
Cleaning
5.2.1 Cleaning the instrument
Occasionally wipe the outside of the instrument with a damp, lint-free cloth. Disinfect the housing with isopropanol as required.
Caution
Avoid contact with acetone or similar detergents that contain solvents as these can damage the housing. Remove any splashes immediately.
5.2.2 Cleaning the cuvettes
Cuvettes used for measuring turbidity must be clean, dry and free of fingerprints. Therefore, clean them regularly:
1 Clean the cuvettes inside and out with hydrochloric acid or laboratory soap.
2 Rinse out several times with distilled water.
3 Let them dry in the air.
4 Only hold the cuvettes by the top or by the light protection cap so that the optical path is not impaired.
71
Maintenance, cleaning, disposal
Packing
Measuring instrument
Calibration standards
5.3
Disposal
This measuring instrument is sent out in protective transport packing material.
We recommend keeping the packing material in case you have to send the instrument back for service.
The original packing prevents the instrument from being damaged during transport.
To finally dispose of the instrument, take it to a collection point responsible for electronic waste. It is illegal to dispose of the measuring instrument as household refuse.
Used calibration standards can be disposed of as household refuse.
72
What to do if...
Flashing
1100 display
6 What to do if...
Cause
– Measuring range exceeded
Remedy
– This cannot be remedied.
Sample is not suitable for the measurement
Measured values that are obviously too high
Cause
– Cuvette contaminated
– Cuvette scratched
– Cuvette misted up
Remedy
– Clean the cuvette
– Replace the cuvette
– Adjust the temperature of the sample before measuring
– Air bubbles in the cuvette – Remove air bubbles
– Measuring instrument not correctly calibrated
– Calibrate the instrument
Error message
ERR
Cause
– Internal error
Remedy
– Have the instrument repaired by the WTW service department
73
What to do if...
Error message
ERR and
CAL are displayed
Cause
– Error during calibration:
The standard used is incorrect or too old
Remedy
– Check that you have used the correct standards and whether the standards are not too old. If necessary, repeat calibration
– Restore the factory calibration:
Press and hold the
8
key, now press the 1 key.
Then release both keys.
The meter switches itself off when completed. When the meter is turned on again, ERR will no longer be displayed.
The meter may operate with reduced accuracy
Note
If a fault cannot be remedied, send the instrument to WTW.
74
Technical data
Measuring principle
7 Technical data
Turb 355 IR
Turb 355 T
Nephelometric acc. to
DIN EN ISO 7027
Nephelometric according to
US EPA 180.1
Light source
Measuring range
Resolution
Turb 355 IR
Turb 355 T
Infrared LED
White light tungsten lamp
0.01 - 1100 NTU/FNU
In the range
0.01 - 99.99 NTU/
FNU
In the range
100.0 - 999.9
NTU/FNU
In the range
1000 - 1100
NTU/FNU
0.01 NTU/FNU
0.1 NTU/FNU
1 NTU/FNU
Accuracy
(± 1 digit)
Response time
Calibration
In the range
0 - 500 NTU/FNU
In the range
500 - 1100 NTU/FNU
± 2 % of the measured value or ± 0,1 NTU/FNU
± 3 % of the measured value
14 seconds
Automatic 3-point calibration or partial (user-defined) calibration
75
Technical data
Ambient temperature
Sample temperature
Power supply
Storage
Operation
0 °C - 50 °C
Batteries
Lifetime
Dimensions of hand-held turbidimeter
Set carrying case
Total weight of set
Test certificates
Length
Width
Height
Depth
Width
Height
1.22 kg
CE
- 25 °C ... + 65 °C
0 °C ... + 50 °C
4 x alkali-manganese, size AAA/Micro
Approx. 5000 measurements
165 mm
70 mm
48 mm
213 mm
257 mm
60 mm
76
Accessories, Options
8 Accessories, Options
Description Model Order no.
600 547 Set of calibration standards for Turb 355 IR/T
0.02 / 10.0 / 1000 NTU/
FNU
Set of empty cuvettes
(3 pieces) for Turb 350/355 IR or
Turb 355 T
Kal. Kit P
Turb 355 IR/T
Cell Turb 350/SET 600 606
77
Accessories, Options
78
Lists
Abbreviations
Index
9 Lists
This chapter provides additional information and orientation aids.
The list of abbreviations explains the abbreviations that appear on the display or when dealing with the instrument.
The index will help you to find the topics that you are looking for.
79
Lists
Abbreviations
Cal Calibration
FNU
LCD
NTU
-rd-
(see chapter 6 W HAT TO DO IF ...)
Formazine nephelometric unit
Liquid Crystal Display
Nephelometric turbidity units
Read
Calibration step active
80
Lists
Index
A
Air
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Aligning and marking a cell
Authorized use
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
B
Batteries
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Battery symbol
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
C
Calibrating when?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
why?
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Calibration partial (user-defined)
single point
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
terminate
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
terminating prematurely
three-point
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Calibration points and measuring ranges
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Calibration program
Calibration standards
Changing the batteries
Checking the measuring accuracy
Cleaning agent
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
D
Display elements
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
E
Energy saving feature
Error messages
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Error symbol
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
I
Indexing calibration standard
sample cuvette
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Initial commissioning
K
Keys
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
L
LCD Display
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
M
Marking a standard cuvette
Measuring range exceeded
Measuring unit
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
O
Obligations of the operator
Operating safety
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Options
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
R
Readiness to measure
S
Safe operation
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Safety measures
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Sequence of the calibration
T
Target group
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
81
Wissenschaftlich-Technische Werkstätten GmbH
Dr.-Karl-Slevogt-Straße 1
D-82362 Weilheim
Germany
Tel: +49 (0) 881 183-0
+49 (0) 881 183-100
Fax: +49 (0) 881 183-420
E-Mail: [email protected]
Internet: http://www.WTW.com
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Table of contents
- 5 Overview
- 6 Display
- 7 Keypad
- 9 Safety
- 10 Authorized use
- 10 General safety instructions
- 13 Commissioning
- 13 Scope of delivery
- 13 Initial commissioning
- 15 Operation
- 15 Instructions for operating
- 15 Marking and indexing cuvettes
- 17 Venting the sample
- 18 Measuring turbidity
- 21 Calibration
- 21 Basic information on calibration
- 21 Calibration procedures
- 22 Preparing the calibration
- 23 Three-point calibration
- 26 Partial (user-defined) calibration
- 29 Maintenance, cleaning, disposal
- 29 Changing the batteries
- 31 Cleaning
- 31 Cleaning the instrument
- 31 Cleaning the cuvettes
- 32 Disposal
- 33 What to do if
- 35 Technical data
- 37 Accessories, Options
- 39 Lists