SMA Sunny Boy 2500, 3000 PV Inverter Installation Manual

PV Inverter
SUNNY BOY 2500/3000
Installation Manual
SB25_30-IA-IEN111040 | IMEN-SB25_30 | Version 4.0
EN
SMA Solar Technology AG
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
Information on this Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Target Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symbols Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Appropriate Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Explanation of Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3.1
Symbols on the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3.2
Symbols on the Type Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3
3.1
3.2
Unpacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Scope of Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Identifying the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Selecting the Mounting Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Mounting the Inverter with the Wall Mounting Bracket . . . . . . 16
5
5.1
Electrical Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Overview of the Connection Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1.1
Exterior View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1.2
Interior View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.2
Connection to the Power Distribution Grid (AC). . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.2.1
5.2.2
Conditions for the AC Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Connecting the Inverter to the Power Distribution Grid (AC) . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.2.3
Connecting Additional Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
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6
6
6
7
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5.3
5.4
Setting the Display Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
PV Array Connection (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.4.1
Conditions for the DC Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.4.2
Assembling the DC Plug Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.4.3
Opening the DC Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.4.4
Connecting the PV Array (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5.5
5.6
Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Setting the Grid and Country Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.6.1
Setting the Installation Country . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.6.2
Setting Stand-Alone Grid Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6
6.1
6.2
Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Commissioning the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Self-Test in Accordance with DK 5940, Ed. 2.2
(Applies to Italy Only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
6.2.1
Starting the Self-Test by Tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
6.2.2
Completion of the Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
Opening and Closing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Opening the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Closing the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
8
8.1
Maintenance and Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Checking the Electronic Solar Switch for Wear . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
Failure Search. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Blink Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Fault Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Red LED is Glowing Continuously. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
9.3.1
Checking the PV Array for a Ground Fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
9.3.2
Checking the Function of the Varistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
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Table of Contents
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Decommissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Disassembling the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Packing the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Storing the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Disposing of the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
11
11.1
11.2
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Sunny Boy 2500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Sunny Boy 3000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
12
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
13
Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
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Information on this Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
1 Information on this Manual
1.1 Validity
This manual describes the assembly, installation, commissioning, maintenance and failure search
procedures for the following SMA inverters:
• Sunny Boy 2500 (SB 2500, SB 2500-IT)
• Sunny Boy 3000 (SB 3000, SB 3000-IT)
Keep this manual in a convenient place for future reference.
1.2 Target Group
This manual is for electrically skilled persons. The tasks described in this manual may be performed
by electrically skilled persons only.
1.3 Additional Information
You will find further information on special topics such as designing a miniature circuit-breaker or the
description of the operating parameters in the download area at www.SMA.de/en.
Refer to the user manual provided for detailed information on operating the inverter.
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Information on this Manual
1.4 Symbols Used
The following types of safety instructions and general information are used in this manual:
DANGER!
g
DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
WARNING!
WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or
serious injury.
CAUTION!
CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.
NOTICE!
NOTICE indicates a situation that can result in property damage if not avoided.
Information
Information provides tips that are valuable for the optimal installation and operation of
your product.
☑
This symbol indicates the result of an action.
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Safety
SMA Solar Technology AG
2 Safety
2.1 Appropriate Usage
The Sunny Boy is a PV inverter which converts the DC current of the PV array to AC current and feeds
it into the power distribution grid.
Principle of a PV plant with this Sunny Boy
Sunny Boy
PV modules
Distribution
Public grid
The Sunny Boy may only be operated with PV arrays (modules and cabling) of protection class II. Do
not connect any sources of energy other than PV modules to the Sunny Boy.
When designing the PV plant, ensure that the values comply with the permitted operating range of all
components at all times. The free design program "Sunny Design" (www.SMA.de/en/SunnyDesign)
will assist you. The manufacturer of the PV modules must have approved the modules for use with this
Sunny Boy device. You must also ensure that all measures recommended by the module manufacturer
for long-term maintenance of the module properties are taken (see also Technical Description
"Module Technology" in the download area of www.SMA.de/en).
Do not use the Sunny Boy for purposes other than those described here. Alternative uses,
modifications to the Sunny Boy or the installation of component parts not expressly recommended or
sold by SMA Solar Technology AG shall void any warranty claims and the operation permission.
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Safety
2.2 Safety Instructions
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter.
• All work on the inverter may only be carried out by electrically skilled persons.
CAUTION!
Danger of burn injuries due to hot enclosure parts.
• Do not touch the enclosure during operation.
• Only touch the lid during operation.
NOTICE!
Dust and water in the inverter can damage the device.
Once the Electronic Solar Switch has been pulled out, the inverter only provides protection
rating IP21. The inverter is then no longer protected against water and dust. In order to also
maintain the IP65 degree of protection during temporary decommissioning, proceed as
follows:
• Unlock and disconnect all DC connectors.
• Open all DC connectors and remove the cables.
• Close all DC inputs with the corresponding DC connectors and the supplied sealing
plugs.
• Securely attach the Electronic Solar Switch again.
Grounding the PV array
Comply with the local regulations for grounding the modules and the PV array.
SMA Solar Technology AG recommends connecting the array frame and other electrically
conductive surfaces so that there is continuous conduction and to ground them in order to
ensure maximum protection for plants and persons.
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Safety
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2.3 Explanation of Symbols
This section gives an explanation of all the symbols found on the inverter and on the type label.
2.3.1 Symbols on the Inverter
Symbol
Explanation
Operation display.
Indicates the operating state of the inverter.
Ground fault or varistor defective.
Read section 9.3 "Red LED is Glowing Continuously" (page 53).
Fault or disturbance.
Read section 9 "Failure Search" (page 49).
Tap to switch on the display light and switch to the next display message.
Electronic Solar Switch (ESS) DC load disconnection unit
10
•
When the Electronic Solar Switch is plugged in, the DC circuit is
closed.
•
To interrupt the DC circuit and disconnect the inverter securely
under load, you have to first pull out the Electronic Solar Switch
and then remove all DC connectors
, as described in section
7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
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Safety
2.3.2 Symbols on the Type Label
Symbol
Explanation
Beware of dangerous electrical voltage.
The inverter operates at high voltages. All work on the inverter may only be
carried out by electrically skilled persons.
Beware of hot surface.
The inverter can become hot during operation. Avoid contact during
operation.
Observe all documentation that accompanies the inverter.
The inverter must not be disposed of together with household waste. For
more information on disposal, see section 10.4 "Disposing of the Inverter"
(page 59).
CE mark.
The inverter complies with the requirements of the applicable EC
guidelines.
The inverter has a transformer.
Direct current (DC)
Alternating current (AC)
Degree of protection IP65.
The inverter is protected against penetration by dust particles and water
jets from any angle.
RAL quality mark for solar products.
The inverter complies with the requirements of the German Institute for
Quality Assurance and Labeling.
Australian mark of conformity.
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Unpacking
SMA Solar Technology AG
3 Unpacking
3.1 Scope of Delivery
Check the delivery for completeness and for any visible external damage. Contact your dealer if
anything is damaged or missing.
E
F
_
_
_
+
+
+
Gewährlleeiistu
Gewähr
ngs- und Garantie
bedingungen
Bit e f (Name des Gerätes
Typ: ül en Sie die folgenden):
Felder aus:
Datum derSeriennummer:
Instal Anschrift: Inbetriebnahme:
Typ: ationsbetrieb
Datum derSeriIennnummer:
betriebnahme:
Instal atAnschrift:
ionsbetrieb
:
G
H
Object
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Quantity
1
1
1
6
6
1
1
H
I
K
L
M
N
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
I
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K
L
M
N
Description
Sunny Boy
Wall mounting bracket
Electronic Solar Switch (ESS)
DC plug connectors (3 x positive, 3 x negative)
Sealing plugs for DC connectors
Protective cap for AC socket on inverter
AC connection socket: socket unit, threaded sleeve, pressure
screw PG13.5, sealing ring PG13.5, fastening case PG13.5,
cable gland PG16
M6x12 cylinder head screw and conical spring washer
Jumper
Installation guide
User manual
Set of documents with explanations and certificates
Supplementary sheet with inverter factory settings
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Unpacking
3.2 Identifying the Inverter
You can identify the inverter using the type label. The type label is on the right side of the enclosure.
The serial number (Serial No.) and the type (Type/Model) of the inverter, as well as device-specific
characteristics are specified on the type label.
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Mounting
SMA Solar Technology AG
4 Mounting
4.1 Safety
DANGER!
Danger to life due to fire or explosion.
Despite careful construction, electrical devices can cause fires.
• Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
• Do not mount the inverter in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
• Do not mount the inverter in areas with a risk of explosion.
CAUTION!
Danger of burn injuries due to hot enclosure parts.
• Mount the inverter in such a way that the enclosure cannot be touched inadvertently.
CAUTION!
Risk of injury due to the heavy weight of the inverter.
• Take the inverter's weight of approx. 32 kg into account for mounting.
4.2 Selecting the Mounting Location
Consider the following requirements when selecting the installation site:
• The mounting method and location must be suitable for the inverter's weight and dimensions
(see section 11 "Technical Data" (page 60)).
• Mount on a solid surface.
• The mounting location must at all times be clear and safely accessible without the use of
additional aids such as scaffolding or lifting platforms. Non-fulfillment of these criteria may
restrict servicing.
• Mount vertically or tilted backwards by max. 45°.
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Mounting
• The connection area must point downward.
• Never mount the device with a forward tilt.
• Never install the device with a sideways tilt.
• Do not mount horizontally.
• Install at eye level in order to allow operating states to be read at all times.
• To ensure optimal operation, the ambient temperature should be below 40°C.
• Do not expose the inverter to direct sunlight, as this can cause excessive heating and power
reduction.
• In a living area, do not mount the unit on plasterboard walls (or similar) in order to avoid audible
vibrations. When in use, the inverter emits noises which may be perceived as a nuisance in a
living area.
• Observe the minimum clearances to walls, other
inverters or objects as shown in the diagram in
order to ensure sufficient heat dissipation and
sufficient space for removing the Electronic Solar
Switch.
Multiple inverters installed in areas with high ambient temperatures
If necessary, increase the clearance spaces and make sure there is enough fresh air supply
to ensure sufficient cooling of the inverters.
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Mounting
SMA Solar Technology AG
4.3 Mounting the Inverter with the Wall Mounting Bracket
CAUTION!
Risk of injury due to the heavy weight of the inverter.
• Take the inverter's weight of approx. 32 kg into account for mounting.
• Use mounting material suitable for the surface when attaching the wall mounting
bracket.
1. Use the wall mounting bracket as a drilling template and mark the positions of the drill holes.
2. Attach the wall mounting bracket to the wall using
appropriate screws and washers.
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Mounting
3. Mount the inverter with its upper fastening plates on
the wall mounting bracket in such a way that it
cannot slide out of the bracket sideways.
4. If a second protective conductor is required in the
country of installation, ground the inverter and fix it
securely, as described in section 5.2.3 "Connecting
Additional Grounding" (page 25).
5. If a second protective conductor is not required, fix
the inverter securely using the enclosed M6x12
screw.
6. Check to ensure that the inverter is securely in place.
☑ The inverter is now mounted to the wall.
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Electrical Connection
SMA Solar Technology AG
5 Electrical Connection
NOTICE!
Electrostatic discharges can damage the inverter.
Internal components of the inverter can be irreparably damaged by static discharge.
• Ground yourself before touching a component.
5.1 Overview of the Connection Area
5.1.1 Exterior View
The following figure shows the assignment of the individual connection areas on the bottom of the
inverter.
Object
A
B
C
D
18
Description
DC connectors for connecting the PV strings
Socket for connecting the Electronic Solar Switch (ESS) DC load disconnection unit
Enclosure opening with filler-plugs for communication
Socket for AC connection
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Electrical Connection
5.1.2 Interior View
The following figure shows the various components and connection areas of the open inverter.
Object
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Installation Manual
Description
Varistors
Connection area and sockets for the optional communication via RS485.
Display
Operating status LEDs
Socket for AC connection
DC connector
Electronic Solar Switch (ESS) socket
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Electrical Connection
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5.2 Connection to the Power Distribution Grid (AC)
5.2.1 Conditions for the AC Connection
Connection requirements of the distribution grid operator
Comply with the connection requirements of your distribution grid operator
Cable Dimensioning
Use "Sunny Design" version 2.0 or higher for the dimensioning of the conductor cross-sectional areas
(see "Sunny Design" design program at www.SMA.de/en).
Cable Requirements
A
B
C
D
Position
A
B
C
D
20
Description
External diameter
Stripping length
Conductor cross-section
Stripped insulation
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Value
9 mm … 17 mm
30 mm
max. 2.5 mm²
4 mm … 5 mm
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Electrical Connection
Load Disconnection Unit
You must install a separate miniature circuit-breaker for each inverter in order to ensure that the
inverter can be securely disconnected under load. The maximum permissible rating can be found in
section 11 "Technical Data" (page 60).
Detailed information and examples for the rating of a miniature circuit-breaker can be found in the
Technical Information "Miniature Circuit-Breaker" in the SMA Solar Technology AG download area
at www.SMA.de/en.
DANGER!
Danger to life due to fire.
When more than one inverter is connected to the same miniature circuit-breaker, the
protective function of the miniature circuit-breaker is no longer guaranteed. It can result in
a cable fire or destruction of the inverter.
• Never connect several inverters to a single miniature circuit-breaker.
• Observe the maximum permissible fuse protection of the inverter when selecting the
miniature circuit-breaker.
DANGER!
Danger to life due to fire.
When a generator (inverter) and a load are connected to the same miniature circuitbreaker, the protective function of the miniature circuit-breaker is no longer guaranteed.
The current from the inverter and the grid can accumulate to excessive current that is not
detected by the miniature circuit-breaker.
• Never connect consumers between the
inverter and the miniature circuitbreaker without protection.
• Always protect consumers separately.
NOTICE!
Damage to the inverter by using screw type fuse elements as a load
disconnection unit.
A screw type fuse element, e.g. D system (Diazed) or D0 system (Neozed), is not a load
disconnection device, and thus may not be used as a load disconnection unit. A screw type
fuse element serves as cable protection only.
When disconnecting under load using a screw type fuse element, the inverter can be
damaged.
• Use only a switch-disconnector or a miniature circuit-breaker as a load disconnection
unit.
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Electrical Connection
SMA Solar Technology AG
5.2.2 Connecting the Inverter to the Power Distribution Grid (AC)
Overview of the AC Connection Socket
Object
A
B
C
D
E
F
Description
Socket element
Threaded sleeve
PG13.5 sealing ring
PG13.5 fastening case
Pressure screw for PG 13.5 (for a cable diameter between 9 mm … 13.5 mm)
Cable gland PG 16 (for a cable diameter between 13.5 mm … 17 mm)
Procedure
1. Choose an appropriate gland for the AC cable.
2. Check the grid voltage and compare with "VAC nom" on the type label.
The exact operating range of the inverter is specified in the operation parameters. The
corresponding document can be found in the download area at www.SMA.de/en, in the
"Technical Description" category of the respective inverter.
3. Switch off the miniature circuit-breaker, ensure that the device cannot be unintentionally or
accidentally reconnected, and make sure no voltage is present.
4. Strip approx. 30 mm from the AC cable.
5. Shorten L and N by 5 mm.
6. Strip 4 mm to 5 mm of insulation from the AC cable conductors.
7. Pass the pressure screw and/or cable gland and socket tube over the AC cable.
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Size used
PG13.5
Electrical Connection
Procedure
• Push the sealing ring into the
fastening case.
• Slide the PG13.5 pressure
screw and the fastening case
including the sealing ring
over the AC cable.
• Slide the threaded sleeve
over the AC cable.
PG16
• Slide the PG16 cable gland
over the AC cable.
• Slide the threaded sleeve
over the AC cable.
8. Insert the protective conductor PE (green-yellow)
into the screw terminal with the grounding sign on
the socket and tighten the screw.
9. Insert the neutral conductor N (blue) into screw
terminal 1 on the socket and tighten the screw.
10. Insert phase L (brown or black) into screw terminal
2 on the socket and tighten the screw.
11. Leave screw terminal 3 on the socket free.
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Electrical Connection
SMA Solar Technology AG
12. Make sure the wires are securely connected.
13. Screw the threaded sleeve onto the socket element.
14. Tighten the pressure screw or cable gland tightly onto the threaded sleeve.
Size used
PG13.5
PG16
Procedure
The fastening case along with the sealing ring is pressed into the threaded
sleeve and can no longer be seen.
• Retighten the lock nut of the
cable gland.
☑ AC connection socket has been screwed together.
15. If the AC connection socket is not immediately connected to the inverter, close the AC plug on
the inverter with the protective cap provided.
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Electrical Connection
16. Insert the AC connection socket into the AC socket
on the inverter. Remove the protective cap
beforehand, if required.
17. Screw the threaded ring of the AC connection
socket tightly onto the AC socket on the inverter.
The threaded ring serves to seal and relieve strain
on the AC connection socket.
☑ The AC cable is now connected to the inverter.
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter.
• Do not switch on the miniature circuit-breaker until the PV array has been connected
and the inverter is securely closed.
5.2.3 Connecting Additional Grounding
If a second protective conductor, additional grounding or equipotential bonding is required, you can
additionally ground the inverter on the enclosure.
Overview of the Additional Grounding
Object
A
B
C
D
E
F
Installation Manual
Description
M6x12 cylinder head screw (included in the scope of delivery)
Washer
Terminal lug (M6) with protective conductor
Conical spring washer (included in the scope of delivery)
Metal shackle on the underside of the enclosure
Wall mounting bracket of the inverter
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Procedure
1. Attach the washer, terminal lug with protective
conductor and the conical spring washer to the
cylinder head screw. The teeth of the conical spring
washer must be facing the metal shackle.
2. Insert the cylinder head screw into the metal
shackle on the underside of the enclosure and
screw into the wall mounting bracket. Tighten the
cylinder head screw using a torque of 6 Nm.
3. Check that the contact between the protective
conductor and the enclosure is in accordance with
the regulations valid for the country of installation.
5.3 Setting the Display Language
You can set the language of the display using the switches underneath the display assembly inside
the inverter.
Procedure
1. Open the inverter as described in section 7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
2. Set the switches to the required language, as
shown below.
Language
German
English
French
Spanish
Switch S2
B
B
A
A
Switch S1
B
A
B
A
The following switch settings apply for type SB 2500-IT/3000-IT inverters:
Language
Italian
English
Switch S2
B
A
Switch S1
A
A
3. Close the inverter as described in section 7.3 "Closing the Inverter" (page 45).
☑ The display language is set.
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Electrical Connection
5.4 PV Array Connection (DC)
5.4.1 Conditions for the DC Connection
Use of adaptors
Adaptors (branch connectors) must not be visible or freely accessible in the immediate
surroundings of the inverter.
• The DC circuit must not be interrupted by adaptors.
• Observe the procedure for disconnecting the inverter as described in section
7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
• Requirements for the PV modules of the connected strings:
– Same type
– Same number
– Identical alignment
– Identical tilt
• The connecting cables of the PV modules must be equipped with plug connectors. You will find
the necessary DC connectors for DC connection in the delivery.
• The following limit values at the DC input of the inverter must not be exceeded:
Inverter
SB 2500
Maximum input voltage
600 V (DC)
Maximum input current
12.0 A (DC)
SB 2500-IT
SB 3000
600 V (DC)
12.0 A (DC)
SB 3000-IT
DANGER!
Risk of lethal electric shock or fire.
The maximum possible input current per string is limited by the plug connectors used. If the
plug connectors are overloaded, an electric arc may occur and there is a risk of fire.
• Ensure that the input current for each string does not exceed the maximum flow
current of the plug connectors used.
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5.4.2 Assembling the DC Plug Connector
In order to be connected to the inverter, all connection cables of the PV modules must be equipped
with the DC plug connectors provided.
To assemble the DC connectors, proceed as follows. Ensure the plug connectors have the correct
polarity. The DC connectors have the symbols "+" and "‒".
Cable requirements:
• Use a PV1-F cable.
Procedure
1. Insert stripped cable into the plug up to the limit.
2. Press the clamping clip down until it audibly snaps
into place.
3. Ensure the cable is correctly in place.
Result
☑ If the conductors are visible in the hollow
cavity of the clamping clip, the cable is in
the correct position.
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Measure
• Proceed to step 4.
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Electrical Connection
Result
Measure
☑ If the conductors are not visible in the
• Declamp the clamping clip. For this
hollow cavity, the cable is not in the correct
purpose, use a screwdriver with a width of
position.
3.5 mm.
• Remove cable and start again from step 1.
4. Push the bolted connection toward the thread and fasten to a torque of 2 Nm.
☑ The DC connectors are now assembled and can be connected to the inverters, as described in
section 5.4.4 "Connecting the PV Array (DC)" (page 31).
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5.4.3 Opening the DC Connector
1. Unscrew the threaded joint.
2. To release the plug connector, slot a screw driver
into the side catch mechanism and lever out. For this
purpose, use a screwdriver with a width of 3.5 mm.
3. Carefully pull the DC connector apart.
4. Declamp the clamping clip. For this purpose, use a
screwdriver with a width of 3.5 mm.
5. Remove the cable.
☑ The cable is now removed from the DC connector.
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5.4.4 Connecting the PV Array (DC)
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter.
• Before connecting the PV array, ensure that the miniature circuit-breaker is switched
off.
NOTICE!
Excessive voltages can destroy the measuring device.
• Only use measuring devices with a DC input voltage range up to at least 1 000 V.
1. Disconnect the miniature circuit-breaker and secure against re-connection.
2. Pull the Electronic Solar Switch downward, slightly
towards the wall.
3. Check the connection cables of the PV modules for
correct polarity and make sure that the maximum
input voltage of the inverter is not exceeded.
At an ambient temperature above 10 °C, the open
circuit voltage of the PV modules must not be more
than 90 % of the maximum inverter input voltage.
Otherwise, check the system design and the PV
module connection. If this is not done, the maximum
inverter input voltage can be exceeded at low
ambient temperatures.
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NOTICE!
Exceeding the maximum input voltage can destroy the inverter.
If the voltage of the PV modules exceeds the maximum input voltage of the inverter, it can
be destroyed by the overvoltage.
This will void all warranty claims.
• Do not connect strings with an open-circuit voltage greater than the maximum input
voltage of the inverter.
• Check the system design.
4. Check the strings for ground faults, as described in section 9.3.1 "Checking the PV Array for a
Ground Fault" (page 54).
DANGER!
Risk of lethal electric shock.
• Do not connect strings with ground faults.
• First, rectify the ground fault in the respective string.
5. Check the DC connector for correct polarity and connect it. To release the DC connectors, see
section 7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
6. In order to seal the inverter, all the DC inputs that
are not required have to be closed as follows:
– Insert the provided sealing plugs into the
DC connectors that are not needed.
Do not insert the sealing plugs into the DC
inputs on the inverter.
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Electrical Connection
– Insert the DC connectors with sealing plugs into
the corresponding DC inputs on the inverter.
7. Check the Electronic Solar Switch for wear, as
described in section 8.1 "Checking the Electronic
Solar Switch for Wear" (page 47) and reattach it
firmly.
NOTICE!
Manipulating the connector in the handle can damage the Electronic Solar
Switch.
The connector within the handle must remain movable in order to ensure proper contact.
Tightening the screw voids all warranty claims and creates a fire risk.
• Do not tighten the connector screw in the Electronic Solar Switch handle.
NOTICE!
The Electronic Solar Switch can be damaged if it is attached incorrectly.
If it is not correctly connected, the Electronic Solar Switch can be damaged by high
voltages.
• Plug the handle firmly onto the socket of the Electronic Solar Switch.
• Check that the handle is securely in place.
☑ The PV array is now connected.
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5.5 Communication
The inverter is equipped with a socket for communication interfaces in order to communicate with
special data acquisition devices (e.g., Sunny WebBox) or a PC with corresponding software
(e.g. Sunny Data Control or Sunny Explorer).
Refer to the communication interface manual for a detailed wiring diagram and a mounting
description.
5.6 Setting the Grid and Country Parameters
Changing grid-relevant and country parameters
To change grid-relevant parameters, you need a personal access code - the so-called
SMA Grid Guard Code. The application form for the personal access code is available in
the download area at www.SMA.de/en, in the "Certificate" category of the respective
inverter.
Ensure that you discuss the changes to these parameters with your distribution grid
operator.
A detailed description of the operation parameters for the inverter is available in the download area
at www.SMA.de/en in the category "Technical Description" of the respective inverter.
5.6.1 Setting the Installation Country
Using the "Default" parameter you can set the installation country and/or the grid connection
standard valid for the country via a communication device (e.g., Sunny WebBox) or a PC with
corresponding software (e.g., Sunny Data Control or Sunny Explorer). This, however, is only required
if the inverter was originally ordered for another country. You can see the default standard to which
the inverter was set on the type label and on the included supplementary document with the factory
settings.
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5.6.2 Setting Stand-Alone Grid Operation
To operate the inverter in an off-grid system with Sunny Island, you must set the "Default" parameter
to stand-alone grid ("OFF-Grid") operation.
You have several possibilities to set the inverter to stand-alone grid operation:
• Setting via Sunny WebBox
or
• Setting via Sunny Data Control or Sunny Explorer
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the event of outage of the power
distribution grid.
If you set the inverter to stand-alone grid operation, it does not fulfill any country-specific
standards and guidelines. Therefore, in the event of outage of the power distribution grid,
there is a danger of feedback.
• Never operate the inverter directly on the power distribution grid when set to
stand-alone grid operation.
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Commissioning
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6 Commissioning
6.1 Commissioning the Inverter
1. Check the following requirements before commissioning:
– The inverter is securely in place.
– Correct connection of the AC cable (grid)
– Complete connection of all DC cables (PV strings)
– Unnecessary DC inputs are closed with the corresponding DC connectors and sealing plugs.
– The enclosure lid is securely screwed in place.
– The Electronic Solar Switch is securely plugged.
– The miniature circuit-breaker is rated correctly.
2. Switch on the miniature circuit-breaker.
☑ Green LED glows: commissioning has been successful.
or
☑ Green LED flashes in case of insufficient irradiation: grid connection conditions have not yet
been reached. Wait for sufficient irradiation.
or
☑ The red or yellow LED is glowing or flashing: a disturbance has occurred. Proceed to step 3.
A Green LED
B Red LED
C Yellow LED
Operation
Ground fault or varistor
defective
Fault
Self test in accordance with DK 5940, Ed. 2.2 for initial commissioning
(applies to Italy only)
The Italian DK 5940 standard prescribes that an inverter can only operate on the power
distribution grid after the disconnection times for overvoltage, undervoltage, minimum
frequency and maximum frequency have been checked.
Start the self-test as described in section 6.2 "Self-Test in Accordance with DK 5940, Ed.
2.2 (Applies to Italy Only)" (page 37). The test takes approx. 8 minutes.
3. Read section 9 "Failure Search" (page 49) and if necessary eliminate the fault or disturbance.
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Commissioning
6.2 Self-Test in Accordance with DK 5940, Ed. 2.2
(Applies to Italy Only)
6.2.1 Starting the Self-Test by Tapping
You can start testing the disconnection times by tapping on the enclosure lid. A prerequisite here is
that the country configuration of the inverter has been set to Italy (IT/DK5940) or "trimmed". Proceed
as follows for checking the disconnection times:
1. Connect the PV array to the inverter. The inverter can only initialize if the PV array produces
enough power. It is therefore not possible to test the disconnection times at night.
2. Connect the inverter on the AC side. For this, you have to create the AC connection
(AC plug or direct connection) and/or switch on the miniature circuit-breaker of the grid cable
(fuse or automatic circuit breaker).
3. The inverter is now in the initialization phase, i.e. all 3 LEDs are glowing at the same time.
Start the self-test immediately after all 3 LEDS have gone out by tapping on the display of the
inverter.
4. The question of whether you would like to start the
test sequence appears in the display. Tap on the
display again within 30 seconds to confirm the
question.
Once you have started the test sequence, the inverter
checks the disconnection times for overvoltage, undervoltage, maximum frequency and minimum
frequency one after the other. During the tests, the inverter shows the values in the display which are
described in section 6.2.2 "Completion of the Self-Test" (page 37).
6.2.2 Completion of the Self-Test
Note the values which are displayed during the self-test. These values must be entered into a test report. The test results of the individual tests are displayed 3 times, one after the other. The respective
display message is displayed for 10 seconds.
The self-test changes the upper and lower disconnection thresholds for each protective function on a
linear basis with a modification of 0.05 Hz/s and 0.05 Vn/s for the frequency and voltage monitoring. As soon as the actual measured value is outside the permitted range (altered disconnection
threshold), the inverter disconnects itself from the grid. In this way, the inverter determines the reaction
time and checks itself.
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Overvoltage Test
The inverter begins with the overvoltage test. During the
test sequence, the voltage limit applied is shown in the
display of the inverter.
The voltage limit is reduced successively until the shutdown threshold is reached and the inverter disconnects
from the grid.
Once the inverter has disconnected from the grid, the
display successively shows the following values one after the other:
• Disconnection value
• Calibration value
• Reaction time
• Current grid voltage
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Commissioning
Undervoltage Test
After the overvoltage test, the inverter performs the
undervoltage test. During the test sequence, the current
calibration value of the voltage limit applied is shown in
the display of the inverter.
The voltage limit is increased successively until the
shutdown threshold is reached and the inverter
disconnects from the grid.
Once the inverter has disconnected from the grid, the display successively shows the following values
one after the other:
• Disconnection value
• Calibration value
• Reaction time
• Current grid voltage
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Maximum Frequency
In a third step, the inverter tests the maximum frequency.
During the test sequence, the frequency limit applied is
shown in the display of the inverter.
The frequency limit is reduced successively until the
shutdown threshold is reached and the inverter
disconnects from the grid.
Once the inverter has disconnected from the grid, the display successively shows the following values
one after the other:
• Disconnection value
• Calibration value
• Reaction time
• Current grid frequency
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Commissioning
Minimum Frequency
In the last step, the inverter tests the minimum frequency.
During the test sequence, the frequency limit applied is
shown in the display of the inverter.
The frequency limit is increased successively until the
shutdown threshold is reached and the inverter
disconnects from the grid.
Once the inverter has disconnected from the grid, the display successively shows the following values
one after the other:
• Disconnection value
• Calibration value
• Reaction time
• Current grid frequency
When the inverter has carried out the 4 tests, it switches to "MPP-Operation" mode. The original
calibration values are then re-set and the inverter automatically connects to the grid. If you would like
to carry out the test again, you must disconnect the inverter, i.e. disconnect it on the AC and DC sides
and then later re-activate it. You can then restart the self-test as described in section 6.2.1 "Starting
the Self-Test by Tapping" (page 37). The inverter starts again the test sequence, as described in
section 6.2.2 "Completion of the Self-Test" (page 37).
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Opening and Closing
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7 Opening and Closing
7.1 Safety
DANGER!
Risk of lethal electric shock.
Before opening the inverter, observe the following:
• Ensure that no voltage is present on the AC side.
• Ensure that neither voltage nor current is present on the DC side.
NOTICE!
Electrostatic discharges can damage the inverter.
Internal components of the inverter can be irreparably damaged by electrostatic
discharge.
• Ground yourself before touching a component.
7.2 Opening the Inverter
1. Disconnect the miniature circuit-breaker and secure against re-connection.
2. Pull the Electronic Solar Switch downward, slightly
towards the wall.
3. Using a current probe, ensure that no current is
present at all DC cables.
☑ If current is present, check the installation.
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Opening and Closing
4. Unlock all DC connectors. For this purpose, use a
screwdriver with a width of 3.5 mm.
– Insert a screwdriver into one of the side slits (1).
– Disconnect DC plug connectors (2).
☑ All DC connectors are disconnected from the
inverter. The inverter is completely disconnected
from the PV array.
5. Pull out the AC plug.
6. Check whether all LEDs and the display have gone out.
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter.
The capacitors in the inverter require 15 minutes to discharge.
• Wait 15 minutes before opening the inverter.
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7. Ensure that no voltage is present at the DC plugs on
the inverter.
☑ If voltage is present, check the installation.
8. Remove all screws from the enclosure lid and pull
the lid forward smoothly.
9. Remove protective conductor (PE) connection from
the lid by loosening the PE connection lock on the
lid.
☑ The inverter is now open and free of voltage.
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Opening and Closing
7.3 Closing the Inverter
1. Establish the protective conductor (PE) connection to the lid.
2. Secure the enclosure lid of the inverter by evenly
tightening the 4 lid screws.
3. Check the DC connector for correct polarity and connect it.
To release the DC connectors, see section 7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
4. Close all the DC inputs that are not needed as described in section 5.4.4 "Connecting the PV
Array (DC)" (page 31) to seal the inverter.
5. Attach the AC plug.
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6. Check the Electronic Solar Switch for wear, as
described in section 8.1 "Checking the Electronic
Solar Switch for Wear" (page 47) and reattach it
firmly.
NOTICE!
Manipulating the connector in the handle can damage the Electronic Solar
Switch.
The connector within the handle must remain movable in order to ensure proper contact.
Tightening the screw voids all warranty claims and creates a fire risk.
• Do not tighten the connector screw in the Electronic Solar Switch handle.
NOTICE!
The Electronic Solar Switch can be damaged if it is attached incorrectly.
If it is not correctly connected, the Electronic Solar Switch can be damaged by high
voltages.
• Plug the handle firmly onto the socket of the Electronic Solar Switch.
• Check that the handle is securely in place.
7. Switch on the miniature circuit-breaker.
8. Check whether the display and the LEDs indicate a
normal operating state (see section
6 "Commissioning" (page 36)).
☑ The inverter is now closed and in operation.
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Maintenance and Cleaning
8 Maintenance and Cleaning
Impurities such as dust or airborne pollen can cause a buildup of heat that can lead to yield losses.
Also check the inverters and the cables for visible external damage. Undertake repairs if necessary.
8.1 Checking the Electronic Solar Switch for Wear
Check the Electronic Solar Switch for wear before plugging it in. Depending on the shape of the
Electronic Solar Switch, you can estimate the wear on either the metal tongues (shape A) or on the
plastic (shape B).
Result
Measure
☑ The metal tongues in the Electronic Solar
1. Securely attach the Electronic Solar Switch
Switch are undamaged and not discolored
handle.
(A).
2. Commission the inverter as described in
section 6 "Commissioning" (page 36).
A
or
☑ The plastic in the Electronic Solar Switch is
undamaged (B).
B
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Result
☑ The metal tongues in the Electronic Solar
Switch have a brown discoloration or are
burned through (A).
A
Measure
The Electronic Solar Switch can no longer reliably
disconnect the DC supply.
1. Replace the Electronic Solar Switch handle
before attaching it again (for the order
number see section 12 "Accessories"
(page 70).
2. Re-commission the inverter as described in
section 6 "Commissioning" (page 36).
or
☑ The plastic in the Electronic Solar Switch
shows thermal deformation (B).
B
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Failure Search
9 Failure Search
If the inverter displays other blink codes or fault messages than those described below, contact the
SMA Serviceline.
You will also find a description of display messages during operation, status messages and measuring
channels in the user manual provided.
Do not perform any repairs that are not described here and take advantage of the 24-hour
replacement service (inverter ready for shipping and handed over to a freight-forwarding company
within 24 hours) and the SMA Solar Technology AG repair service instead.
9.1 Blink Codes
Green
Red
is glowing continuously is not glowing
is glowing
continuously
Flashes quickly
(3 x per second)
Flashes slowly
(1 x per second)
goes out briefly
(approx. 1 x per
second)
is not glowing
is not glowing
is glowing
continuously
is not glowing
is glowing
continuously
is not glowing
is glowing
continuously
is not glowing
is glowing
continuously
Yellow
is not glowing
is not glowing
is glowing
continuously
is not glowing
is not glowing
is not glowing
is not glowing
is not glowing
is not glowing
is not glowing
is glowing/flashing
is not glowing
is glowing/flashing
Installation Manual
Status
OK (feed-in operation)
Ground fault or varistor
defective
OK (initialization)
OK (stop)
Ground fault or varistor
defective
OK (waiting, grid monitoring)
Ground fault or varistor
defective
OK (derating)
Ground fault or varistor
defective
At night: OK (nighttime
deactivation)
Daytime: Electronic Solar
Switch is not attached
Fault
Ground fault or varistor
defective
Ground fault or varistor
defective and disturbance
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9.2 Fault Messages
When a disturbance occurs, the inverter generates a message which depends on the operating mode
and the type of the detected disturbance.
Message
!PV-Overvoltage!
Description and corrective measure
Overvoltage at DC input.
!DISCONNECT DC!
Overvoltage can destroy the inverter.
Corrective measures
Disconnect the inverter from the grid immediately.
1. Turn off the miniature circuit-breaker.
2. Remove the Electronic Solar Switch.
3. Disconnect all the DC connectors.
4. Check the DC voltage:
– If the DC voltage is above the maximum input voltage, check the
plant design or contact the PV array installer.
– If the DC voltage is under the maximum input voltage, reconnect
the PV array to the inverter as described in section 5.4 "PV Array
Connection (DC)" (page 27).
ACVtgRPro
If the message occurs again, disconnect the inverter again and contact
the SMA Serviceline (see section 13 "Contact" (page 71)).
The 10-minute-average grid voltage is no longer within the permissible
range. This can have the following causes:
• The grid voltage at the connection point is too high.
• The grid impedance at the connection point is too high.
The inverter disconnects to assure compliance with the power quality of
the grid.
Corrective measures
Check the grid voltage at the connection point of the inverter:
• If, due to the local grid conditions, the grid voltage is 253 V or
more, ask the distribution grid operator whether the voltage at the
feed-in point can be adjusted, or whether they would agree to an
alteration of the limit value ACVtgRPro parameter for power quality
monitoring.
Bfr-Srr
• If the grid voltage is continually within the tolerance range and this
fault message is still displayed, contact the SMA Serviceline.
Internal measurement comparison fault or hardware defect.
Corrective measures
• If this disturbance occurs frequently, contact the SMA Serviceline.
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Message
EEPROM
EEPROM dBh
EeRestore
Fac-Bfr
Fac-Srr
FacFast
Failure Search
Description and corrective measure
Transition disturbance while data is being written or read from EEPROM.
The data is not relevant for safe operation.
The disturbance has no effect on the performance of the inverter.
EEPROM data is defective, the device has switched off because the loss
of data has disabled important functions of the inverter.
Corrective measures
• Contact the SMA Serviceline.
One of the duplicate data sets in the EEPROM is defective and has been
reconstructed without loss of data.
• This fault message only serves to inform you and has no effect on
the performance of the inverter.
The grid frequency is no longer within the permissible range ("Bfr" or "Srr"
is an internal message of no relevance for the user).
For safety reasons, the inverter disconnects itself from the grid.
Corrective measures
• Check the grid connection and contact the distribution grid
operator if necessary.
Imax/overcurrent
K1-Close
K1-Open
MSD-Fac
MSD-Vac
MSD-Timeout
Offset
• If the power frequency is within the tolerable range, but "Fac-Bfr,"
"Fac-Srr" "FacFast" disturbances are still displayed, contact the
SMA Serviceline.
Overcurrent on the AC side. This message is displayed if the current on
the AC grid is larger than specified.
Corrective measures
• Check the system design and grid conditions.
Fault during relay test.
Corrective measures
• If this fault frequently occurs or occurs several times consecutively,
contact the SMA Serviceline.
Internal measurement comparison fault or hardware defect.
Corrective measures
• If this disturbance occurs frequently, contact the SMA Serviceline.
The "Offset" operating state is a normal operating condition that occurs
prior to grid monitoring. If "Offset" is displayed as a fault, then there is a
disturbance in the data logging.
Corrective measures
• If this disturbance occurs frequently, contact the SMA Serviceline.
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Failure Search
Message
Riso
SMA Solar Technology AG
Description and corrective measure
The electrical insulation between the PV plant and ground is faulty. The
resistance between the DC plus and/or DC minus connection and ground
is outside the defined limit range.
Corrective measures
• Check the system insulation.
ROM
• Check the system for ground faults as described in section
9.3.1 "Checking the PV Array for a Ground Fault" (page 54).
The inverter's firmware is faulty.
Corrective measures
Shutdown
• If this disturbance occurs frequently, contact the SMA Serviceline.
Temporary inverter disturbance.
Corrective measures
Vac-Bfr
• Contact the SMA Serviceline.
The grid voltage is no longer within the permissible range ("Bfr" or "Srr" is
an internal message that has no meaning for the user). This fault can be
caused by any of the following conditions:
Vac-Srr
• Grid disconnected (miniature circuit-breaker, fuse)
• AC cable is broken or
• AC cable is highly resistive
For safety reasons, the inverter disconnects itself from the grid.
Corrective measures
• Check the grid voltage and connection on the inverter.
• If the grid voltage lies outside the acceptable range because of
local grid conditions, ask the distribution grid operator if the
voltages can be adjusted at the feed-in point or if they agree to
changes in the values of the monitored operational limits (operation
parameters: Vac-Min and Vac-Max).
• If the grid voltage lies within the tolerance range, yet "Vac-Bfr" or
"Vac-Srr" faults are still displayed, contact the SMA Serviceline.
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Message
Vpv-Max
Vpv-Max
Failure Search
Description and corrective measure
Overvoltage at DC input. The inverter could be damaged.
Corrective measures
Immediately disconnect the inverter from the grid.
1. Turn off the miniature circuit-breaker.
2. Remove the Electronic Solar Switch.
3. Disconnect all the DC connectors.
4. Check the DC voltage:
– If the DC voltage is above the maximum input voltage, check the
plant design or contact the PV array installer.
– If the DC voltage is under the maximum input voltage, reconnect
the PV array to the inverter as described in section 5.4 "PV Array
Connection (DC)" (page 27).
Watchdog
Watchdog-Srr
If the message occurs again, disconnect the inverter again and contact
the SMA Serviceline (see section 13 "Contact" (page 71)).
Internal program run disturbance.
Corrective measures
• If this disturbance occurs frequently, contact the SMA Serviceline.
9.3 Red LED is Glowing Continuously
If the red status display LED lights up continuously during operation, there is a ground fault in the
PV array, at least one varistor for overvoltage protection is defective or there is an insulation fault.
Procedure
1. Check for ground faults in the PV array as described in section 9.3.1 "Checking the PV Array
for a Ground Fault" (page 54).
2. If the red LED continues to glow, check the varistors as described in section 9.3.2 "Checking the
Function of the Varistors" (page 56).
Installation Manual
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53
Failure Search
SMA Solar Technology AG
9.3.1 Checking the PV Array for a Ground Fault
1. Disconnect the inverter from both the DC and AC connections as described in section
7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
DANGER!
Risk of lethal electric shock.
• Only touch the cables of the PV array on their insulation.
• Do not connect strings with ground faults to the inverter.
NOTICE!
Excessive voltages can destroy the measuring device.
• Only use measuring devices with a DC input voltage range up to at least 1 000 V.
2. Measure the voltages between the plus pole of
each string and the ground potential (PE).
3. Measure the voltages between the minus pole of
each string and the ground potential (PE).
4. Measure the voltages between the plus pole and
the minus pole of each string.
☑ A ground fault exists if the measured voltages are stable and the sum of the voltages from
the plus pole to the ground potential and from the minus pole to the ground potential of a
string are almost the same as the voltage between the plus and minus poles.
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Failure Search
Result
Measure
☑ You have found a ground fault.
• The installer of the PV array must remedy the ground
fault in the affected string. You can determine the
location of the ground fault as described below.
• Do not reconnect the faulty string.
• Commission the inverter as described in section
6.1 "Commissioning the Inverter" (page 36).
☑ You have found no ground fault. It is likely that one of the thermally monitored varistors is
defective.
• Check the varistors as described in section
9.3.2 "Checking the Function of the Varistors"
(page 56).
Location of the ground fault
The approximate position of the ground fault can be determined from the ratio of the measured
voltages between the plus pole against ground potential and the minus pole against ground
potential (PE).
Example:
In this case, the ground fault is between the second and third PV modules.
☑ The ground fault check is finished.
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55
Failure Search
SMA Solar Technology AG
9.3.2 Checking the Function of the Varistors
Varistors are wear parts. Their functional efficiency diminishes with age or repeated strain as a result
of overvoltage. It is therefore possible that one of the thermally monitored varistors has lost its
protective function, and thus the red LED is lit.
Position of varistors
You can determine the position of the varistors using the illustration below.
Observe the following assignment of the
terminals:
• Terminal A: outer terminal (varistor
connection with loop [crimp])
• Terminal B: middle terminal
• Terminal C: outer terminal (varistor
connection without loop [crimp]).
Check the function of the varistors as described below:
1. Open the inverter as described in section 7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
2. Using a multimeter and with both varistors installed,
determine whether there is a conductive connection
between terminals B and C.
Result
Measure
☑ There is a conducting connection. There is probably a different fault in the inverter.
• Contact the SMA Serviceline (see section
13 "Contact" (page 71)).
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Result
☑ There is no conducting
connection.
Failure Search
Measure
The respective varistor is defective and must be replaced.
Varistor failure is generally due to influences which affect
all varistors similarly (temperature, age, induced
overvoltage). SMA Solar Technology AG recommends
that you replace both varistors.
The varistors are specially manufactured for use in the
inverter and are not commercially available. They must be
ordered directly from SMA Solar Technology AG (see
section 12 "Accessories" (page 70)).
• To replace the varistors, proceed to step 3.
NOTICE!
Destruction of the inverter due to overvoltage.
If varistors are missing, the inverter is no longer protected against overvoltages.
• Replacement varistors should be obtained as soon as possible.
• Do not operate the inverter without varistors in plants with a high risk of overvoltages.
3. Insert an insertion tool into the openings of the
terminal contacts (1).
☑ The terminals will loosen.
If you do not receive an insertion tool for operating
the terminals with your replacement varistors,
contact SMA Solar Technology AG. As an
alternative, the individual terminal contacts can be
operated using a 3.5 mm wide screwdriver.
4. Remove varistor (2).
5. Insert new varistor (3).
The pole with the small loop (crimp) must be fitted
to terminal 1 when replacing the varistor.
6. Close the inverter as described in section
7.3 "Closing the Inverter" (page 45).
☑ The check and replacement of the varistors is
completed.
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57
Decommissioning
SMA Solar Technology AG
10 Decommissioning
10.1 Disassembling the Inverter
CAUTION!
Risk of injury due to the heavy weight of the inverter.
• Note that the inverter weighs approx. 32 kg.
1. Open the inverter as described in section 7.2 "Opening the Inverter" (page 42).
2. Remove all cables from the inverter.
3. Close the inverter with the 4 screws.
4. Loosen the lower screw between the inverter and
the wall mounting bracket.
5. Lift the inverter off the wall mounting bracket.
☑ The inverter is disassembled.
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Decommissioning
10.2 Packing the Inverter
If possible, always pack the inverter in its original packaging. If it is no longer available, you can also
use an equivalent carton. The box must be capable of being closed completely and made to support
both the weight and the size of the inverter.
10.3 Storing the Inverter
Store the inverter in a dry place where ambient temperatures are always between
‒25 °C and +60 °C.
10.4 Disposing of the Inverter
Dispose of the inverter at the end of its service life in accordance with the disposal regulations for
electronic waste which apply at the installation location at that time. Alternatively, send it back to
SMA Solar Technology AG with shipping paid by sender, and labeled "ZUR ENTSORGUNG"
("FOR DISPOSAL") (see section 13 "Contact" (page 71)).
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Technical Data
SMA Solar Technology AG
11 Technical Data
11.1 Sunny Boy 2500
DC Input
Maximum DC power at cos φ = 1
Maximum input voltage*
MPP voltage range
Rated input voltage
Minimum input voltage
Start input voltage
Maximum input current
Maximum input current per string
Number of independent MPP inputs
Strings per MPP input
2 700 W
600 V
224 V … 480 V
300 V
224 V
300 V
12 A
12 A
1
3
* The maximum open-circuit voltage, which can occur at a cell temperature of − 10 °C, must not exceed the maximum input
voltage.
AC Output
Rated output power at 230 V, 50 Hz
Maximum apparent AC power
Rated grid voltage
Nominal AC voltage
AC voltage range
AC nominal current at 220 V
AC nominal current at 230 V
AC nominal current at 240 V
Maximum output current
Total harmonic distortion of output current at
2 300 W
2 500 VA
230 V
220 V/230 V/240 V
160 V … 265 V
10.5 A
10.0 A
9.6 A
12.5 A
≤ 3%
AC THD voltage < 2 %,
AC power > 0.5 AC rated power
Rated grid frequency
AC power frequency
Operating range at AC grid frequency 50 Hz
Operating range at AC grid frequency 60 Hz
Power factor at rated power
Feed phases
Connection phases
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50 Hz
50 Hz / 60 Hz
45.5 Hz … 54.5 Hz
55.5 Hz … 64.5 Hz
1
1
1
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Overvoltage category according to IEC 60664-1
Maximum cable length at cable diameter of
1.5 mm²
Maximum cable length at cable diameter of
2.5 mm²
Technical Data
III
9m
15.5 m
Protection devices
DC reverse-polarity protection
Input-side disconnection device
DC overvoltage protection
AC short-circuit current capability
Grid monitoring
Maximum permissible fuse protection
Ground fault monitoring
Galvanic isolation
Short circuit diode
Electronic Solar Switch
thermally monitored varistors
Current control
SMA Grid Guard 2.1
16.0 A
Insulation monitoring: Riso > 1 M Ω
Available
General data
Width x height x depth with
Electronic Solar Switch
Weight
Length x width x height of packaging
Transport weight
Climatic category according to IEC 60721-2-1
Operation temperature range
Maximum permissible value for relative humidity,
non-condensing
Maximum operating altitude above mean sea
level
Noise emission (typical)
Power loss in night operation
Topology
Cooling concept
Electronics degree of protection according to
IEC 60529
Installation Manual
440 mm x 339 mm x 214 mm
28 kg
532 mm x 392 mm x 318 mm
33.1 kg
4K4H
− 25 °C … +60 °C
100 %
2 000 m
≤ 33 dB(A)
≤ 0.25 W
LF transformer
Convection
IP65
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61
Technical Data
SMA Solar Technology AG
Country standards, as of 02/2011*
VDE0126-1-1
AS4777
C10/11
PPDS
GBT19939-2005
PPC
EN 50438
RD1663
RD661
G83/1-1
DK5940
*
EN 50438: does not apply to all country standard deviations of EN 50438.
DK 5940: only applies for SB 2500-IT.
Climatic conditions in accordance with IEC 60721-3-4, installation type C,
class 4K4H
Extended temperature range
Extended humidity range
Extended air pressure range
− 25 °C … +60 °C
0 % … 100 %
79.5 kPa … 106 kPa
Climatic conditions in accordance with IEC 60721-3-4, transport type E, class 2K3
Temperature range
− 25 °C … +70 °C
Features
DC connection
AC Connection
Display
Bluetooth® Wireless Technology
RS485, galvanically isolated
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SUNCLIX DC connector
AC connector
LC text display
Optional
Optional
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Technical Data
Electronic Solar Switch
Electrical service life in the event of a short circuit,
with a nominal current of 35 A
Maximum switching current
Maximum switching voltage
Maximum PV power
Degree of protection when plugged
Degree of protection when unplugged
a minimum of 50 switching operations
35 A
800 V
12 kW
IP65
IP21
Torque
Enclosure lid screws
Additional grounding screw
Cylinder head screw for attaching the enclosure
to the wall mounting bracket
SUNCLIX lock nut
RS485 communication connection
6.0 Nm
6.0 Nm
6.0 Nm
2.0 Nm
1.5 Nm
Grid Forms
IT grid
TN-C grid
TN-S grid
TN-C-S grid
TT grid
Split Phase
Installation Manual
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
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63
Technical Data
SMA Solar Technology AG
Efficiency
Sunny Boy 2500
98
94
92
95
ηEU [%]
Efficency [%]
96
90
VPV = 224 V DC
88
93
VPV = 300 V DC
480
224
VPV = 480 V DC
VMPP [V]
86
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Output power / Rated power
Maximum efficiency, ηmax
European weighted efficiency, ηEU
94.1 %
93.2 %
Efficiency profile
Standardized output
power
5%
10 %
20 %
25 %
30 %
50 %
75 %
100 %
64
Minimum MPP
voltage
SB25_30-IA-IEN111040
224 V
84.0 %
90.3 %
93.4 %
93.9 %
94.1 %
94.1 %
94.0 %
93.3 %
Efficiency
Rated input voltage
300 V
Maximum MPP
voltage
83.2 %
89.8 %
93.0 %
93.6 %
93.9 %
94.1 %
93.8 %
93.2 %
480 V
79.5 %
87.3 %
91.4 %
92.2 %
92.7 %
93.3 %
93.0 %
92.4 %
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Technical Data
11.2 Sunny Boy 3000
DC Input
Maximum DC power at cos φ = 1
Maximum input voltage*
MPP voltage range
Rated input voltage
Minimum input voltage
Start input voltage
Maximum input current
Maximum input current per string
Number of independent MPP inputs
Strings per MPP input
3 200 W
600 V
268 V … 480 V
350 V
268 V
330 V
12 A
12 A
1
3
* The maximum open-circuit voltage, which can occur at a cell temperature of − 10 °C, must not exceed the maximum input
voltage.
AC Output
Rated output power at 230 V, 50 Hz
Maximum apparent AC power
Rated grid voltage
Nominal AC voltage
AC voltage range
AC nominal current at 220 V
AC nominal current at 230 V
AC nominal current at 240 V
Maximum output current
Total harmonic distortion of output current at
2 750 W
3 000 VA
230 V
220 V/230 V/240 V
160 V … 265 V
12.5 A
12.0 A
11.5 A
15.0 A
≤ 3%
AC THD voltage < 2 %,
AC power > 0.5 AC rated power
Rated grid frequency
AC power frequency
Operating range at AC grid frequency 50 Hz
Operating range at AC grid frequency 60 Hz
Power factor at rated power
Feed phases
Connection phases
Installation Manual
50 Hz
50 Hz / 60 Hz
45.5 Hz … 54.5 Hz
55.5 Hz … 64.5 Hz
1
1
1
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65
Technical Data
SMA Solar Technology AG
Overvoltage category according to IEC 60664-1
Maximum cable length at cable diameter of
2.5 mm²
III
12.5 m
Protection devices
DC reverse-polarity protection
Input-side disconnection device
DC overvoltage protection
AC short-circuit current capability
Grid monitoring
Maximum permissible fuse protection
Ground fault monitoring
Galvanic isolation
Short circuit diode
Electronic Solar Switch
thermally monitored varistors
Current control
SMA Grid Guard 2.1
16.0 A
Insulation monitoring: Riso > 1 M Ω
Available
General data
Width x height x depth with Electronic Solar
Switch
Weight
Length x width x height of packaging
Transport weight
Climatic category according to IEC 60721-2-1
Operation temperature range
Maximum permissible value for relative humidity,
non-condensing
Maximum operating altitude above mean sea
level
Noise emission (typical)
Power loss in night operation
Topology
Cooling concept
Electronics degree of protection according to
IEC 60529
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440 mm x 339 mm x 214 mm
32 kg
532 mm x 392 mm x 318 mm
36.6 kg
4K4H
− 25 °C … +60 °C
100 %
2 000 m
≤ 30 dB(A)
≤ 0.25 W
LF transformer
Convection
IP65
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Country standards, as of 02/2011*
Technical Data
VDE0126-1-1
AS4777
C10/11
PPDS
GBT19939-2005
PPC
EN 50438
RD1663
RD661
G83/1-1
DK5940
*
EN 50438: does not apply to all country standard deviations of EN 50438.
DK 5940: only applies for SB 3000-IT.
Climatic conditions in accordance with IEC 60721-3-4, installation type C,
class 4K4H
Extended temperature range
Extended humidity range
Extended air pressure range
− 25 °C … +60 °C
0 % … 100 %
79.5 kPa … 106 kPa
Climatic conditions in accordance with IEC 60721-3-4, transport type E, class 2K3
Temperature range
− 25 °C … +70 °C
Features
DC connection
AC Connection
Display
Bluetooth
RS485, galvanically isolated
Installation Manual
SUNCLIX DC connector
AC connector
LC text display
Optional
Optional
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67
Technical Data
SMA Solar Technology AG
Electronic Solar Switch
Electrical service life in the event of a short circuit,
with a nominal current of 35 A
Maximum switching current
Maximum switching voltage
Maximum PV power
Degree of protection when plugged
Degree of protection when unplugged
a minimum of 50 switching operations
35 A
800 V
12 kW
IP65
IP21
Torque
Enclosure lid screws
Additional grounding screw
Cylinder head screw for attaching the enclosure
to the wall mounting bracket
SUNCLIX lock nut
RS485 communication connection
6.0 Nm
6.0 Nm
6.0 Nm
2.0 Nm
1.5 Nm
Grid Forms
IT grid
TN-C grid
TN-S grid
TN-C-S grid
TT grid
Split Phase
68
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
Suitable
SB25_30-IA-IEN111040
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Technical Data
Efficiency
Sunny Boy 3000
98
94
92
95
ηEU [%]
Efficency [%]
96
90
VPV = 268 V DC
88
93
VPV = 350 V DC
480
268
VPV = 480 V DC
VMPP [V]
86
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
1.0
0.8
Output power / Rated power
Maximum efficiency, ηmax
European weighted efficiency, ηEU
95.0 %
93.6 %
Efficiency profile
Standardized output
power
5%
10 %
20 %
25 %
30 %
50 %
75 %
100 %
Installation Manual
Minimum MPP
voltage
268 V
86.1 %
91.7 %
94.3 %
94.8 %
95.0 %
95.0 %
94.8 %
94.2 %
Efficiency
Rated input voltage
350 V
Maximum MPP
voltage
83.0 %
89.8 %
93.2 %
93.8 %
94.2 %
94.6 %
94.3 %
93.8 %
480 V
78.9 %
87.0 %
91.4 %
92.3 %
92.9 %
93.7 %
93.7 %
93.3 %
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69
Accessories
SMA Solar Technology AG
12 Accessories
You will find the corresponding accessories and replacement parts for your product in the following
overview. If required, you can order these from SMA Solar Technology AG or your dealer.
Description
Electronic Solar Switch
Replacement varistors
Insertion tool for replacing the
varistors
Positive grounding set
Negative grounding set
RS485 upgrade kit
Bluetooth upgrade kit
SUNCLIX DC connector
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Brief Description
ESS handle replacement part
Set of thermally monitored varistors
(2 pcs.) including insertion tool
Insertion tool for varistor sets
Upgrade kit for the positive
connection to ground of the DC input
Upgrade kit for the negative
connection to ground of the DC input
RS485 interface
Bluetooth interface
Field plug for conductor crosssections of 2.5 mm² … 6 mm²
SMA order number
ESS-HANDLE:01
Also enter the inverter’s
serial number.
SB-TV4
SB-TVWZ
ESHV-P-NR
ESHV-N-NR
485PB-NR
BTPBINV-NR
SUNCLIX-FC6-SET
Installation Manual
SMA Solar Technology AG
Contact
13 Contact
If you have technical problems concerning our products, contact the SMA Serviceline. We need the
following information in order to provide you with the necessary assistance:
• Inverter type
• Serial number of inverter
• Type and number of the PV modules connected
• Optional equipment, e.g. communication devices
• Blink code or display message of the inverter
SMA Solar Technology AG
Sonnenallee 1
34266 Niestetal, Germany
www.SMA.de
SMA Serviceline
Inverters:
+49 561 9522 1499
Communication: +49 561 9522 2499
Fax:
+49 561 9522 4699
E-Mail:
[email protected]
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71
SMA Solar Technology AG
Legal Restrictions
The information contained in this document is the property of SMA Solar Technology AG. Publishing its content, either partially or
in full, requires the written permission of SMA Solar Technology AG. Any internal company copying of the document for the
purposes of evaluating the product or its correct implementation is allowed and does not require permission.
Exclusion of liability
The general terms and conditions of delivery of SMA Solar Technology AG shall apply.
The content of these documents is continually checked and amended, where necessary. However, discrepancies cannot be
excluded. No guarantee is made for the completeness of these documents. The latest version is available online at www.SMA.de
or from the usual sales channels.
Guarantee or liability claims for damages of any kind are excluded if they are caused by one or more of the following:
• Damages during transportation
• Improper or inappropriate use of the product
• Operating the product in an unintended environment
• Operating the product whilst ignoring relevant, statutory safety regulations in the deployment location
• Ignoring safety warnings and instructions contained in all documents relevant to the product
• Operating the product under incorrect safety or protection conditions
• Altering the product or supplied software without authority
• The product malfunctions due to operating attached or neighboring devices beyond statutory limit values
• In case of unforeseen calamity or force majeure
The use of supplied software produced by SMA Solar Technology AG is subject to the following conditions:
• SMA Solar Technology AG rejects any liability for direct or indirect damages arising from the use of software developed by
SMA Solar Technology AG. This also applies to the provision or non-provision of support activities.
• Supplied software not developed by SMA Solar Technology AG is subject to the respective licensing and liability agreements
of the manufacturer.
SMA Factory Warranty
The current guarantee conditions come enclosed with your device. These are also available online at www.SMA.de and can be
downloaded or are available on paper from the usual sales channels if required.
Trademarks
All trademarks are recognized even if these are not marked separately. Missing designations do not mean that a product or brand
is not a registered trademark.
The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by SMA
Solar Technology AG is under license.
SMA Solar Technology AG
Sonnenallee 1
34266 Niestetal
Germany
Tel. +49 561 9522-0
Fax +49 561 9522-100
www.SMA.de
E-Mail: [email protected]
© 2004 to 2011 SMA Solar Technology AG. All rights reserved
Installation Manual
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75
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