User manual | Software-Defined Wireless Networking

Spring Semester 2016 Seminar
Software-Defined Wireless
Networking
Zhongliang Zhao
Universität Bern
07.03.2016
Outline
• Motivation
• Software-Defined Networking & OpenFlow
• Software-Defined Wireless Networking &
OpenFlow Extension
• SwissSenseSynergy Project Use Cases
• Conclusions
2
Wireless Mobile Data Growth
3
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
• Decouple forwarding hardware / control decisions
• Network devices are functionally broken up into
• Software-based controllers (control plane)
• Packet forwarding devices (data plane)
• Attracting attention from academia and industry
• Open Networking Foundation (ONF)
• Network function virtualized on commodity hardware
• Reducing CapEx (e.g., S/P-GW millions of $ per box)
• Standardization efforts on SDN
4
SDN: Decoupled Control
“A Survey of Software-Defined Networking: Past, Present, and Future of Programmable Networks (Fig 1)”
5
SDN Reference Architecture
6
SDN Application Environments
Scenarios
Use cases
Datacenter
Virtualization, multi-tenancy, failure recovery,
traffic engineering, load-balancing
Backbone
Resiliency, reliability, determinism, traffic
engineering and load-balancing
Campus network
Network access control, guest access,
monitoring malicious behavior
Security
Firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention,
blacklists, enforced quarantine
Wireless
Mobile wireless backhaul, heterogeneous
wireless access, service chaining, load
balanced packet core.
7
OpenFlow
“A Survey of Software-Defined Networking: Past, Present, and Future of Programmable Networks (Fig 2)”
8
OpenFlow Controller
• A network “operating system”
• Programmatic interface to the
network
• Southbound communication
standardized through the
OpenFlow protocol
• Northbound communication:
no standard defined between
controllers and applications
(software implementation)
“A Survey of Software-Defined Networking: Past, Present, and Future of Programmable Networks (Fig 3)”
9
Flow Table
10
OpenFlow Switch Packet Handling:
<Match, Action>
• Match
• Match on any header
• Action
• Forward to ports, drop packet,
send to controller
• Overwrite header with mask,
push or pop into waiting queue
• Forward at specific bit-rate
• Allows multiple actions
11
Flow Table Entries
• Exact rules
• All fields are specified
• Higher priority than wildcard rules
Ingress
port
Eth
dst
Eth src
Eth
type
…
Statistic
action
5
00:12…
00:07…
0x0800
…
counters
Act 0
• Wildcard rules
• At least one field contains a wildcard or a prefix
• Multiple rules can match a packet à priorities
Ingress
port
Eth
dst
Eth src
Eth
type
…
Statistic
action
*
00:23…
*
*
…
counters
Act 0
12
OpenFlow Key Message and Types
Message
Direction
Description
Packet-in
Switch à Controller
Transfer the control of a packet to the
Controller that does not match. Packet-in
events can be configured to buffer packets
Packet-out
Controller à Switch
Instruct switch to send a packet out of a
specified port. Sent in response to
Packet-in messages to manage flow
entries
Modify-state
Controller à Switch
Add, delete and modify flow/group entries
in the flow tables (aka Flow-mod); set
switch port properties
Flow-removed Switch à Controller
Inform the controller about the removal of
a flow entry from a flow table
13
Open Networking Foundation (ONF) Wireless Mobile WG (WMWG)
• Goal: identify OpenFlow enhancement to improve
operations of wireless networks
• WMWG use-cases and use-case project teams
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Flexible scalable packet core
Dynamic resource management for wireless backhaul
Mobile Traffic Management
Connection-Oriented SDN for Wireless SCB
Management of secured flows in LTE
Media-Independent Handover
SDN Enhanced Distributed P/S-GW
Network-Aware UE Multiple Radio Interface Management
S-GW virtualization
Service Chaining in Mobile Service Domain
Energy Efficiency in Mobile Backhaul Network
Security and Backhaul Optimization
Unified Equipment Management and Control
Network Based Mobility Management
SDN-Based Mobility Management in LTE
IEEE OmniRAN
Unified Access Network for Enterprise and Large Campus
Use Case Project Teams
1. Mobile Packet Core
2. Wireless Transport
3. Unified Access
14
WMWG Projects
Mobile Packet Core
Wireless
Backhaul
Unified Access
—Apply OpenFlow
to 3GPP Evolved
Packet Core (EPC)
—Many uses such
as user/data plane
separation in GW,
mobility
management and
mobile flow
steering for
offload.
—Backhaul links
are wireless
—Central SDN
controller
optimizes radio
parameters in data
plane using
enhanced
OpenFlow
—Develop a unified
access network
that uses a
common controller
to manage both
wireless access
points (AP) and
wired switches
15
Mobile Packet Core Project
HSS
MME
S1-MME
PCRF
GW-­C
OF Controller
Etc…
1.
2.
OF-­‐Switch+/OF-­‐config+
eNodeB
SGi
Backhaul
AP
Operator’s
IP Service
3.
Address Three Use Cases
SDN based Evolved Packet
Core
SDN based Mobility
Management
Service Chaining in Mobile
Service Domain
S1-U
S2a/b/c
SGi
Internet
Home  eNB
•
•
•
EPC control plane and SDN controller separated
from data plane implemented by enhanced OpenFlow switches
Place and move the routing of GTP and non-GTP tunnel flows through EPC
data plane using OpenFlow while supporting the needs of the wireless network
OpenFlow extensions needed to support:
•
GTP/non-GTP tunneling, Policy Control, and Lawful Interception
16
Wireless Backhaul Project
Application
—Application plane
— Client
SDN Controller
—Virtual Control
1.
—Virtual Control
—Microwave Backhaul SDN Controller
—Optical Backhaul SDN Controller
2.
3.
—Control plane
—Direct Control
—MW Backhaul Network —Direct Control
—ETH Backhaul Network —Direct Control
4.
Combining 4 Use Cases
Backhaul resource
management
Energy Efficiency
Unified Equipment
Management
Common Public Radio
Interface (CPRI) and
Ethernet support
—Optical Backhaul Network —Data plane
•
Central SDN controller calculates the path and assigns the backhaul
resources considering:
•
•
•
•
SLA parameters (e.g., guaranteed vs. non-guaranteed)
Link availability, capacity, e.g., adjusting modulation.
Collection of traffic statistics to estimate the actual throughput
Define new OpenFlow port types for wireless backhaul links (e.g. microwave)
Unified Access Project
AAA Server
Wireless User
SDN Applications
Device/users Access 802.1X information Device Mgmt
authenticator
collector
CAPWAP
Policy rules
Fast Secure Handoff
802.11r
Rogue detection, etc…
Unified Access NBI Convergence and Services
Wired User
VPN
SDN
Controller
Remote User
•
•
Controller leverages enhanced OpenFlow to manage both wired and wireless AP
An unified architecture and consistent means of managing
•
•
•
User role/location based policy
Real-time monitoring
Need to support strong authentication of endpoints, fast roaming
Software-Defined Wireless Networking
• Wireless networks are more complex then Ethernet
•
•
•
•
•
Increasing amount of UE
Mobility
Unicast, multicast, broadcast
Various QoS policy requirements
Wireless radio interfaces have huge variety of properties
• Radio properties (channel, tx power, RSSI levels)
• TX characteristics (antenna features)
• MAC layer issues (group-cast, broadcast)
• SDN-based wireless networking requirements:
• Provide control interface to query wireless network about
availability, quality, speed, user location …
• Control granularly how individual user or application traffic is
handed by the network
19
OpenFlow Extension for Wireless
• OF was originally designed for wired networks
• It assumes that underlying network is composed of highspeed Ethernet switch/IP routers
• Currently no support for the matching of 802.11 specific
fields
• Latest OpenFlow specification (v1.5) defines three types
of port properties
• Ethernet
• Optical
• Experimental
• OF wireless extension is essential
• Support for wireless port properties
• Specific counters for wireless devices
20
Match/Action: Wired OpenFlow
• “If a packet comes from port X, then apply VLAN Y, and
forward through port Z”
• Match fields defined for fields of Ethernet frame,
IPv4/IPv6 packet, TCP segment, MPLS…
• Not consider IEEE 802.11 or eNB specific frame format
• Action fields defined
•
•
•
•
Forward packet to physical port
Enqueue packet to queue in the port
Drop packet
Modify field
• Statistic fields defined per table, flow, port, queue
21
Match/Action: Wireless OpenFlow
• “If a packet is for user M, with QoS requirement N, then
apply encoding mechanism X, and transmit through port
Y in rate Z and power-level B”
• Match fields identify flows (wireless_flow_id) of
individual users (ue_id) and/or application requirements
• Action fields control how packets should be routed
•
•
•
•
in which rate and power level
using which encoding mechanism
via which access point
how they are scheduled at access points
• How to define/label a wireless flow?
• Radio technique dependent
22
Hierarchical Controller
• Local agent (LA) at each base station or access point
• Measure local network traffic, subscriber usage statistics,
assess QoS policies, etc.
• Perform local management tasks under the supervision of the
central controller
• Notify central controller if the traffic exceeds a certain
threshold, tag some packets to be redirected to a transcoder,
etc.
• Central controller (CC)
• Delegate some local controller function to LA
• Management overall network status
• Intelligent resource management
23
Hierarchical Controller (cont.)
Central Controller
Local
agent
Periodic Updates
Controller
API
•
•
•
Bytes
Rate
Queue
Size
Interference
— (cont.)Flow
Map
Records
Network
Operator
Inputs
QoS
Constraints
Information Base
Radio
Element API
RADIO ELEMENTS
Intelligent Resource Management
Algorithm 24
Hierarchical Controller:
Message Updates
• Local agent à Controller
• Flow information (downlink/uplink)
• Channel states (reported by clients to agent)
• Link statistics (monitored by agent)
• Network operator à Controller
• QoS requirements
• Flow preferences
• Reactive: delay
• Proactive: periodic update, which frequency?
25
Controller and Switch Support
• OpenFlow Controller
• NOX (C++/Python)
• Floodlight (Java)
• OpenDaylight (Java)
• OpenFlow Switch
• Commercial Switch
• Software Switch
• Open vSwitch
• OpenWRT
• Mininet
• CPqD
26
SwissSenseSynergy Interests using
SDN in Wireless Access
• Traffic steering / radio planning
• OpenFlow extension for WiFi port properties
• Steering traffic based on statistics
• Privacy-preserving location-based access control
• OpenFlow message extension for privacy-related content
27
Traffic Steering / Radio Planning
Unified Network Access Control
Wireless User
Enhanced
OpenFlow
OpenFlow
Controller
Traffic
Generator
Local Agent (LA)
Central Controller (CC)
• OF Action extension of real-time functions (rate-adaption)
• OF Match support (message extension) for WiFi port properties and
802.11 frames
• OF-Config support for deploying WiFi configurations
• Traffic steering based on monitored statistics and resource utilization
• Handover
28
Privacy-preserving Location-based
Access Control
Unified Access
Device Mgmt
Unified Network Access Control
OpenFlow
AAA Application
RADIUS
(UDP 1812/1813)
Radius
Server
OpenFlow
Controller
Local Agent
•
•
•
•
Central Controller (CC)
OF Match support (message extension) for location-awareness
OF Match support (message extension) for key-distribution
OF captures/intercepts 802.1X messages
AAA application on OF controller performs 802.1X AAA functions
29
Conclusions
•
•
•
•
SDN & OpenFlow
SDO activities
OpenFlow extension for wireless networks
SSS use-cases
• Traffic steering
• OpenFlow extension for WiFi ports
• Traffic steering using collected statistics
• Access control
• OpenFlow extension for location-awareness and privacy
mechanisms
• Mininet + Floodlight + Open vSwitch (or OpenWRT)
30

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