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Installation
Manual
PT-Series
© 2016 FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No parts of this manual, in whole or in part, may be copied, photocopied, translated, or transmitted to any electronic medium or machine readable form without the prior written permission of FLIR Systems, Inc.
Names and marks appearing on the products herein are either registered trademarks or trademarks of FLIR Systems,
Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. All other trademarks, trade names, or company names referenced herein are used for identification only and are the property of their respective owners.
This product is protected by patents, design patents, patents pending, or design patents pending.
The contents of this document are subject to change.
FLIR Systems, Inc.
6769 Hollister Avenue
Goleta, CA 93117
Support: http://www.flir.com/security/display/?id=71083
Important Instructions and Notices to the User:
Modification of this device without the express authorization of FLIR Commercial Systems, Inc. may void the user’s authority under FCC rules to operate this device.
Modification of this device without the express authorization of FLIR Systems, Inc., may void the user’s authority under the FCC Rules to operate this device.
Note 1: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. Shielded cables must be used to connect this device to other devices.
Note 2: If ferrites are supplied with this equipment, the equipment was tested for compliance with the FCC limits for a
Class A digital device using power cables with the ferrites installed. When connecting one or two power cables to the equipment, the supplied ferrites must be used with this equipment.
Proper Disposal of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE)
The European Union (EU) has enacted Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive 2002/96/
EC (WEEE), which aims to prevent EEE waste from arising; to encourage reuse, recycling, and recovery of EEE waste; and to promote environmental responsibility.
In accordance with these regulations, all EEE products labeled with the “crossed out wheeled bin” either on the product itself or in the product literature must not be disposed of in regular rubbish bins, mixed with regular household or other commercial waste, or by other regular municipal waste collection means. Instead, and in order to prevent possible harm to the environment or human health, all EEE products (including any cables that came with the product) should be responsibly discarded or recycled.
To identify a responsible disposal method where you live, please contact your local waste collection or recycling service, your original place of purchase or product supplier, or the responsible government authority in your area. Business users should contact their supplier or refer to their purchase contract.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
PT-Series Camera Installation
Basic Operation and Configuration
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Table of Contents
Serial Address: Decimal To Binary Conversion
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PT-Series Camera Installation
This manual describes the installation of the PT-Series cameras. If you need help during the installation process, please call to speak with our support experts. All installers and integrators are encouraged to take advantage of the training offered by FLIR; visit http://www.flir.com/training
for more information.
This manual includes the following topics:
• Installation Overview
• Mounting the camera and its components
• Connecting the electronics
• Bench testing the camera
• Basic configuration and operation of the camera
• Camera Specifications
For safety, and to achieve the highest levels of performance from the PT-Series camera system, always follow the warnings and cautions in this manual when handling and operating the camera system.
Warning!
If mounting the PT-Series camera on a pole, tower or any elevated location, use industry standard safe practices to avoid injuries.
Caution!
Except as described in this manual, do not open the PT-Series camera for any reason. Disassembly of the camera can cause permanent damage and will void the warranty.
Be careful not to leave fingerprints on the PT-Series camera’s infrared optics.
The PT-Series camera requires a power supply of 24 Volts. Operating the camera outside of this input voltage range or the specified operating temperature range can cause permanent damage.
1.1
References
PT-Series Camera Mechanical Interface Control Document (ICD)
(FLIR Doc # 427-0032-00-19)—available from the FLIR website, provides further details regarding mechanical dimensions and mounting for the PT-Series camera.
Nexus IP Camera Configuration Guide
(FLIR Doc # 427-0030-00-28)—Available from the FLIR website, provides further details on using a web browser to configure the PT-Series camera.
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1.2
Camera Overview
The PT-Series camera is both an analog and an Internet Protocol (IP) camera. The video from the camera can be viewed over a traditional analog video network or it can be viewed by streaming it over an IP network using MPEG-4, M-JPEG and H.264 encoding. Analog video will require a connection to a video monitor or an analog matrix/switch. The IP video will require a connection to an Ethernet network switch and a computer with the appropriate software for viewing the video stream or a network video recorder.
1.3
Installation Overview
The PT-Series Camera is a multi-sensor camera system on a pan/tilt platform. Combinations of an infrared camera and a visible-light video camera are intended for outdoor installations.
Shipping plugs only -
Remove before installing
Figure 1-1: PT-Series Camera
The PT-Series camera is intended to be mounted on a medium-duty fixed pedestal mount or wall mount commonly used in the CCTV industry. Cables will exit from the back of the camera housing. The mount must support up to 45 lbs. (20 KG). The camera can be controlled through either serial or IP communications. The camera operates on 21 - 30 Vac or 21 - 30 Vdc. In order to access the electrical connections and install the cables, it is necessary to temporarily remove the back cover of the camera housing.
1.3.1
Camera Connection Options
Camera connections are made through water-tight cable gland seals on the rear of the camera. Refer to
“Cable Gland Sealing” on page 11
to ensure the glands are used correctly and the connections are properly sealed.
The camera can be powered with a conventional power supply, using 21 - 30 Vac or 21 - 30 Vdc.
The PT-Series Camera can produce analog or digital video output (or both). Analog video will require at least one connection to a video monitor or an analog video matrix switch. In most analog installations, two video connections will be used—one for the thermal camera video, and one for the daylight camera video. The camera provides two BNC connectors for these video channels.
An Ethernet connection is provided for IP video streaming and for command and control communications (pan/tilt/zoom/etc.). A web browser can be used for IP video streaming, command and control, and camera configuration and maintenance (software/firmware updates).
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For analog installations that are not using Ethernet/IP, a serial cable (RS232 or RS422) can optionally be connected and used for command and control communications, supporting either Pelco D or Bosch protocols. In installations using analog video and serial communications, it is recommended an
Ethernet cable should also be installed for camera configuration, operation, and troubleshooting.
For installations where the camera is mounted on a tower or pole or other location that may be difficult to access, it is recommended that the Ethernet connection be installed from the camera down to ground level at a minimum, to allow access.
1.3.2
Supplied Components
The PT-Series camera includes these standard components:
• Multi-sensor Pan/Tilt Camera Unit
• Galvanic Isolation Kit (PN 4204960)
• Cable Glands and Spare Parts kit
1.3.3
Required Components
The installer will need to supply the following items; the lengths are specific to the installation.
• Electrical wire, for system power; up to 100’ (3-conductor, shielded, gauge determined by cable
length and supply voltage. See
• Camera grounding strap
• Coaxial RG59U video cables (BNC connector at the camera end) for analog video
• Shielded Category 6 Ethernet cable for control, streaming video, and for software updates.
• Optional serial cable for serial communications.
• Miscellaneous electrical hardware, camera mount (with stainless steel washers and bolts), connectors, and tools
1.4
Location Considerations
Install the camera in a location that will allow access for regular periodic cleaning (fresh water rinse), inspection of mounting integrity and mechanical soundness, and preventative maintenance. Ensure the camera and the camera mount are routinely inspected on a periodic basis.
The camera will require connections for power, communications (IP Ethernet, serial), and video
(analog, IP digital).
• Install all cameras with an easily accessible Ethernet connection to support future software updates.
• Ensure that cable distances do not exceed the specifications and that cables adhere to all local and Industry Standards, Codes, and Best Practices.
1.4.1
Bench Testing
Connect the power, analog video, serial, and Ethernet connections and confirm that the video is displayed on a monitor when the power is turned on. Confirm the camera can be controlled by moving
it (pan/tilt). For configuration and basic setup information using the onboard web server, refer to
Operation and Configuration” on page 19
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1.4.2
Prior to Cutting/Drilling Holes
When selecting a mounting location for the PT-Series camera, consider cable lengths and cable routing. Ensure the cables are long enough given the proposed mounting locations and cable routing requirements.
Use cables that have sufficient dimensions to ensure safety (for power cables) and adequate signal strength (for video and communications).
1.5
Camera Mounting
Caution!
Always use stainless steel washers on the four camera base mounting holes, especially in locations where the camera base is exposed to a damp or salt environment. Ensure that the camera base is electrically isolated and properly grounded when it is secured to its mount. Contact between the stainless steel fasteners and any bare aluminum may cause galvanic corrosion which will shorten the life of the installation and may void the camera warranty. Following this procedure is critical to maintaining the warranty on your PT-Series product.
Galvanic isolation is critical in preventing corrosion. Proper installation of galvanic isolation pad and washers is important for long product life.
There are two critical steps related to proper galvanic isolation camera mounting:
•Installation of Galvanic Isolation Kit
•Proper grounding (bonding) to earth ground
1.5.1
Galvanic Isolation
The Galvanic Isolation Kit (FLIR PN 4204960) is for use with all PT-Series cameras (PT-3XX, PT-6XX,
A310-PT, PT-602CZ). The isolation plate and nylon shoulder or flat washers provide electrical isolation between the stainless steel fasteners and the aluminum camera base, and electrically isolates the complete PT-Series camera from the customer mount.
Galvanic isolation is critical in preventing corrosion. Proper installation of galvanic isolation pad and washers is important for long product life. Refer to
“Installation of PT-Series Camera and Galvanic
1.5.2
Earth Ground Connection
Earth ground connection is very important to protect PT-series from surge induced failures and corrosion caused by stray current/ground loops. Attach ground wire (16AWG or larger) to ground lug on access panel. Use the large hex nut to secure ground wire to stud on access panel. Ground stud is #8-32 thread.
Ground Lug
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Caution!
When lifting the PT-Series camera use the camera body and base, not the tubes.
PT-Series cameras must be mounted upright on top of the mounting surface, with the base below the camera. The unit should not be hung upside down.
Not to scale
All dimensions in inches
0
4X Ø.354 THRU
2X 3.19 ± .02
0
0.28
2X 3.19 ± .02
Tilt Axis
Pan Axis
Figure 1-2: PT-Series Camera Mounting
Once the mounting location has been selected, verify both sides of the mounting surface are accessible.
Use a thread locking compound such as Loctite 242 or equivalent with all metal to metal threaded connections.
Once the holes are drilled in the mounting surface, install four (4) stainless steel 5/16 or M8 bolts with stainless steel washers and lock washers through the base of the camera.
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1.5.3
Installation of PT-Series Camera and Galvanic Isolation Kit
Important Safeguards and Warnings
• Installation and servicing should be done by qualified installation and service personnel only.
• Installation should be done according to all local and national electrical and mechanical codes, using only approved materials.
• Use stainless steel hardware to fasten mounts to outdoor surfaces.
• To prevent damage from water leakage when installing outdoors, apply sealant around the bolt holes between the mount and the mounting surface.
Caution!
Following this procedure is critical to maintaining the warranty on your PT-Series product.
Failure to follow these instructions can potentially void the camera warranty.
Table 1-1: Kit Contents
Description Qty
Isolation plate
M8 nylon flat washer a
M8 nylon shoulder washer
M8 split washer, S.S.
M8 washer, S.S.
1
6
6
6
6
Two extra pieces of each attaching part are supplied in the kit.
Tef-Gel TG .25, 3 cc syringe a optional a.
Use the alternate nylon flat washers and Tef-Gel lubricant on fasteners for PT-Series camera bases with mounting holes that are too small to accept the shoulder washers. A syringe of Tef-Gel may be supplied in the mounting kit when the nylon flat washer is expected to be required.
Step 1 Determine the correct positioning of the isolation plate (See
Figure 1-3 on page 11
).
Step 2 Place the isolation plate and the camera on the mounting structure aligning the bolt holes or studs.
Step 3 Install nylon shoulder washers (4x) or alternate nylon flat washers (4x) onto camera base.
If using nylon flat washers, apply a generous coat of Tef-Gel filling all gaps and voids.
Step 4 Secure the camera using 5/16” or M8 fasteners (4x) with stainless steel flat washers and split washers on top of the nylon washers.
Step 5 Ensure the camera is properly grounded. FLIR requires using a 14 AWG to 16 AWG grounding strap anchored to the ground lug on the back plate of the camera housing and then terminated to the nearest earth-grounding point.
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M8 or 5/16” fasteners (not supplied)
4 places, minimum length 1 in.
(dependent on mounting structure) isolation plate
If using nylon flat washers, apply a generous coat of Tef-Gel filling all gaps and voids.
(4 places)
M8 split lock washer (4 places)
M8 flat washer (4 places)
M8 nylon shoulder washer or nylon flat washer (4 places)
If using nylon flat washers, apply a generous coat of Tef-Gel filling all gaps and voids.
(4 places) example mounting structure
(FLIR PN 500-0461-00)
Figure 1-3: PT-Series Galvanic Isolation Kit (4204960)
1.6
Camera Connections
1.6.1
Removing the Back Cover
Use a 2.5mm hex key to loosen the four captive screws and remove the cover, exposing the connections at the back of the camera. There is a grounding wire connected between the case and the back cover
1.6.2
Cable Gland Sealing
Proper installation of cable sealing glands and use of appropriate elastomer inserts is critical to long term reliability. Cables enter the camera mount enclosure through liquid-tight compression glands.
Be sure to insert the cables through the
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cable glands on the enclosure before terminating and connecting them (the connectors will not fit through the cable gland). Leave the gland nuts loosened until all cable installation has been completed. Inspect and install gland fittings in the back cover with suitable leak sealant and tighten to ensure water tight fittings. Teflon tape or pipe sealant (i.e. DuPont RectorSeal T™) are suitable for this purpose.
1.6.3
Cable Glands and Spare Parts Kit
The kit contains the two 3/4” cable glands and gland seal plugs required for non-conduit installations.
The remaining parts included in the kit are:
• a spare ground wire
• a spare ground nut and lock washer
• two spare power terminal block plugs
• two spare serial port terminal block plugs
• four spare F-Series back cover screws
• four spare PT-Series back cover screws
1.6.4
Cable Gland Seal Inserts
The PT-Series camera comes with two 3/4”
NPT cable glands, each with a three hole gland seal insert. Cables may be between 0.23" to
0.29" OD. Up to six cables may be installed.
Plugs are required for the insert hole(s) not being used. The photograph at the right shows two power cables, an Ethernet cable, a serial control cable (no analog video is installed), and two gland seal plugs.
Gland seal plugs
Ground
Lug
Ethernet
Camera
Power
If non-standard cable diameters are used, you may need to locate or fabricate the appropriate insert to fit the desired cable. FLIR Systems,
Inc. does not provide cable gland inserts other than what is supplied with the system.
Serial Control
Heater
Power
Note
Insert the cables through the cable glands on the enclosure before terminating and connecting them.
(In general, the terminated connectors will not fit through the cable gland.) If a terminated cable is required, you can make a clean and singular cut in the gland seal to install the cable into the gland seal.
1.6.5
Connecting power
The camera itself does not have an on/off switch. Generally the PT-Series camera will be connected to a circuit breaker and the circuit breaker will be used to apply or remove power to the camera. If power is supplied to it, the camera will be in one of two modes: Booting Up or Powered On.
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The power cable supplied by the installer must use wires that are sufficient size gauge (16 AWG recommended) for the supply voltage and length of the cable run, to ensure adequate current carrying capacity. Always follow local building codes!
Ensure the camera is properly grounded. The camera chassis ground should be provided using the lowest resistance path possible. FLIR requires using a 14 AWG to 16 AWG grounding strap anchored to the grounding lug on the back plate of the camera housing and connected to the nearest earthgrounding point.
Note
The terminal blocks for power connections will accept a maximum 16 AWG wire size.
1.6.6
Video Connections
The analog video connections on the back of the camera are BNC connectors. The camera also provides an RCA video connector that can be used to temporarily monitor the video output.
The video cables used should be rated as RG59U or better to ensure a quality video signal.
1.6.7
Ethernet Connection
The cable gland seal is designed for use with Shielded Category 6 Ethernet cable.
1.6.8
Serial Connection
For serial communications, it is necessary to set the parameters such as the signaling standard (RS-
232 or RS-422), baud rate, number of stop bits, parity and so on. It is also necessary to select the communication protocol (either Pelco D or Bosch) and the camera address. By default, the serial interface uses Pelco D, RS-422 standard, 9600 baud rate, 8/1/none, and address 1.
Note
Typical Bosch systems operate using a biphase connection and the FLIR cameras do not accept biphase signals directly. It may be necessary to install a biphase converter in order to use the Bosch protocol.
Connect the wires of the serial cable as show in
standard, ensure the transmit pair of the camera goes to the receive pair of the other device, and vice versa.
Note
The terminal blocks for serial connections will accept a maximum 20 AWG wire size.
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Serial and IP Communications
Main Analog Video
Ethernet
Male
BNC
5 4 3
2
1
Main
Port
RS232
RS422
20 AWG MAX
Auxiliary Analog Video and Power
Male
BNC
Auxiliary
Port
3/4” NPT for Cable
Gland or Conduit
Chassis
GND
16 AWG Shielded
Back Cover
16 AWG Shielded
Local
GND
Serial
Control
Ethernet
Gland A Camera End
IP Network
Video
Video
Analog Video
(monitoring output only)
24
VAC/DC
24
VAC/DC
Gland B Camera End
Analog Visible Video
Not used
Serial Connector for local control
Camera Power
Heater Power
Analog Infrared Video
Figure 1-4: PT-Series Camera Connections
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1.7
Serial Communications Overview
The installer must decide if the serial communications settings will be configured via hardware (DIP switch settings) or software. If the camera has an Ethernet connection, then generally it will be easier
(and more convenient in the long run) to make configuration settings via software. Then configuration changes can be made over the network without physically accessing the camera. Also the settings can be saved to a file and backed up or restored as needed.
If the camera is configured via hardware, then configuration changes in the future may require accessing the camera on a tower or pole, dismounting it, and removing the back and so on. If the camera does not have an Ethernet connection, the DIP switches must be used to set the serial communication options.
Note
The serial communications parameters for the PT-Series camera are set or modified either via hardware DIP switch settings or via software, through a web browser interface. A single DIP switch
(SW103-9), Software Override determines whether the configuration comes from the hardware DIP switches or the software settings.
Note
The DIP switches are only used to control serial communications parameters. Other settings, related to IP camera functions and so on, must be modified via software (using a web browser).
1.8
Serial Communications Settings - Hardware DIP Switches
Note
The PT-Series camera reads the settings of the hardware DIP switches only at power up. After serial communications parameters are set or modified via hardware DIP switch settings, the PT-Series camera must be power cycled before the settings take affect.
The camera has two blocks of DIP switches that are used to configure the serial communications settings. One block of switches has 8 switches and is used to set the serial address (or ID) of the camera. The other block of switches has 10 switches and is used to set baud rate, hardware protocol
(RS-232 or RS-422), serial protocol (Pelco D or Bosch), and Software Override.
The figure below shows the locations of dip switches SW102 and SW103.
SW102 SW103 Switch
Position
Off
On
Figure 1-5: PT-Series Camera Configuration
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If the Software Override DIP switch is set to the software position (as it is by default), all of the other
DIP switches will be ignored, and configuration changes must be made through software. If the switch is set to the hardware position, all configuration settings related to serial communications are made with the DIP switches, and changes that are made via software (with a web browser) will be ignored.
Serial Address: Use the block of switches on the left (SW102) to set the serial address of the camera. The available range of values is from decimal 1 to 255. The dip switches are interpreted as a binary number, with switch 1 representing the least significant bit (the switches are in the reverse order of the bits). For convenience, a table of serial addresses and their binary equivalents is included at the
“Serial Address: Decimal To Binary Conversion” on page 47
Table 1-2: Dip Switch Address/ID Settings—SW101
3
…
1
2
255
ID
On
Off
On
…
On
Sw 1
LSB
Sw 2
Off
On
On
…
On
Off
Off
Off
…
On
Sw 3
Off
Off
Off
…
On
Sw 4 Sw 5
Off
Off
Off
…
On
Off
Off
Off
…
On
Sw 6
Off
Off
Off
…
On
Sw 7
Other Serial Communication Parameters: The tables below defines the switch locations, bit numbering and on/off settings used in controlling the other serial communication parameters.
Off
Off
Off
…
On
Sw 8
MSB
Baud rate:
This is the baud rate of the system user serial port. The available values are 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 kbaud.
Camera Control Protocol:
Bosch.
Table 1-3: Dip Switch Settings—SW103
Settings
This is the communication protocol selected for the system when operating over the serial port. The available protocols are Pelco-D and
Serial Communication Standard:
This determines the electrical interface selected for the user serial port. The available settings are RS422 and RS232.
Bit 1
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
Bit 3
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
Bit 5
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
Bit 2
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
Bit 4
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
Bit 6
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
Description
2400
4800
9600
19200
Pelco-D
NA
Bosch
NA
NA
RS422
RS232
N/A
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Not Used
Software Override DIP Switch:
Not Used
This setting determines whether the system will use software settings for configuration or if the dip switch settings will override the software settings. Default is Off.
Table 1-3: Dip Switch Settings—SW103
Settings
Bit 7
X
X
X
X
Bit 9
OFF
ON
Bit 10
X
Bit 8
X
X
X
X
Description
Software select
Hardware select
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1.9
PT-Series Camera Specifications
THERMAL CAMERA SPECS
Resolution
Detector Type
Pixel Pitch
Focal Length (lens/model dependent)
Field Of View (lens/model dependent)
160 x 120
Long-Life, Uncooled
VO× Microbolometer
25 μm
9 mm, 13 mm, 19 mm
24° × 20° (PT-124; 9 mm)
17° × 14° (PT-117; 13 mm)
12° × 10° (PT-112; 19 mm)
320 x 240
25 μm
9 mm, 13 mm, 19 mm,
35 mm, 65 mm, 100 mm
48° × 39° (PT-348; 9 mm)
34° × 28° (PT-334; 13 mm)
24° × 19° (PT-324; 19 mm)
13° × 10° (PT-313; 35 mm)
7° × 5° (PT-307; 65 mm)
4.6° × 3.7° (PT-304; 100 mm)
640 x 480
17 μm
13 mm, 25 mm, 35 mm,
50 mm, 65 mm, 100 mm
45° × 37° (PT-645; 13 mm)
25° × 20° (PT-625; 25 mm)
18° × 14° (PT-618; 35 mm)
12° × 10° (PT-612; 50 mm)
10° × 8° (PT-610; 65 mm)
6.2° × 5° (PT-606; 100 mm)
Zoom (model dependent)
Spectral Range
Focus Range
OUTPUTS
Composite Video NTSC or PAL
Video Over Ethernet
Power Consumption
Inrush Current
2× E-zoom
Athermalized, focus-free
CONTROL
Point To Point (stand alone)
Ethernet
Serial
Network Enabled
PAN/TILT PERFORMANCE
Pan Angle/Speed
Tilt Angle/Speed
GENERAL
Weight
Dimensions (L,W,H)
Power Requirements
Standard
Two independent channels of streaming MPEG-4, H.264, or M-JPEG for each of two cameras.
Standard
Standard
2× & 4× E-zoom
RS-232/-422; Pelco D, Bosch
Standard
Continuous 360°; 0.1° to 70°/sec
+90° to -90°; 0.1° to 30°/sec
36 lb (configuration dependent)
2× & 4× E-zoom
Continuous e-zoom on PT-6xxE models
13.7” × 18.4” × 12.8” (348 mm × 467 mm × 326 mm)
24 Vac (21-30 Vac)
24 Vdc (21-30 Vdc)
24 Vac: 85 VA max no heater, 215 VA max w/heater
24 Vdc: 65 W max no heater, 195 W max w/heater
<10 A for dc power supply with slew rate > 10 ms
<38 A for ac power supply with slew rate > 4.17 ms
ENVIRONMENTAL
Dust, Water Protection Rating
Operating Temperature
DAY/NIGHT CCD CAMERA
Sensor Type
Lens Field Of View
Focal Length
Zoom
F/#
Effective pixels (NTSC)
IP66
-40° C to +70 °C (-40 °F to +158 °F)
Sony FCB-EX1010
1/4” Exview HAD CCD
57.8° (h) to 1.7° (h)
3.4 mm to 122.4 mm
36× Optical zoom, 12× E-zoom
1.6 to 4.5
380,000
Power consumption is independent of the input voltage when the heater is off. The power drawn by the heaters increases with the input voltage to a maximum at 30 Volts.
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2
Basic Operation and Configuration
This chapter provides basic information on how to operate a new camera that has not yet been configured. A bench test can be used to verify camera operation before the camera is configured for the local network. This chapter also provides basic configuration information.
2.1
Nexus IP Camera
The PT-Series camera is an IP camera with Nexus capabilities, which means there is a microprocessor inside that runs the Nexus Server software. The Nexus Server provides a number of services, including camera control, video streaming, and geo-referencing capabilities. The Nexus communications protocol is an open, standards-based protocol that allows the server to communicate with a video management client, such as FLIR Sensors Manager or with a third-party ONVIFcompatible VMS client.
There are two main components to the Nexus Server software. One is a web server process that listens on the network for web browser requests, and is used for the initial (and perhaps ongoing or occasional) configuration changes to the camera, as well as to view video and operate the camera.
The other process, known as the Nexus Server, listens on the network for connections from clients such as FSM or other VMS clients. These clients are used to control the camera and stream video during day-to-day operations of the camera.
2.1.1
Nexus Server Configuration
It may be necessary for the installer to make a limited number of configuration changes for each camera, such as setting the serial and/or IP communication parameters. For example, each camera comes from the factory with the same default IP address, so adding more than one camera to an IP network requires each camera to be configured with a different IP address, at a minimum. On the other hand, many of the configuration parameters will remain unchanged from the factory default settings.
2.1.2
Serial and/or IP Communications
For a camera that is installed in a legacy-type CCTV network using analog video, the camera may commonly be controlled with serial communications. The serial cable from the camera will be connected to a keyboard/joystick device, or to a video switch, encoder, or DVR that has a serial communication port. In this case the installer may want to configure parameters such as the address of the camera, the baud rate, and so on. On Nexus IP cameras that support serial communications, these parameters can be set through software using a web browser. The parameters can also be set using
DIP switches when IP communications are not used.
For a camera installed in an IP network, the camera will commonly be controlled over Ethernet by a PC or laptop running FLIR Sensors Manager (FSM) or a third-party Video Management System (VMS).
FSM is a client program that communicates with the Nexus Server on the camera. It allows control of the camera and video streaming and many other functions.
In many cases, a camera will be installed with both serial and Ethernet communications. As such, the camera can be controlled by means of a serial device or through software. When someone tries to control the camera with a serial device at the same time as someone does through the software IP interface, the serial device takes priority.
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2.1.3
Serial Communications
Cameras that have a serial interface support a limited set of pan/tilt/zoom and focus commands over
RS-422 or RS-232 serial communications using common protocols (Pelco D or Bosch). By default, the camera is configured for RS-422 standard, 9600 Baud, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, using the Pelco D protocol, and address 1. If the camera will be controlled only through serial communications, it may still be necessary to connect it to an IP network, at least temporarily, to adjust any of the serial communications settings.
2.1.4
Ethernet Communications
The camera has an Ethernet connection that allows streaming video over an IP network as well as configuration and control of the camera
1
. It is possible to stream video and control the camera as it is from the factory, without making any configuration changes. However in most cases the camera will have at least some configuration changes to allow it to connect with other devices on the existing network.
Once the camera is connected to a network and powered on, the user can choose to use either a web browser
2
or the FLIR Sensors Manager (FSM) software to view the video and control the camera. The
FSM software can be run under Microsoft Windows. The FSM software is a free download from the
FLIR web page.
A web browser can be used to operate the camera (view video, pan/tilt/zoom, and so on) and it can be used to make configuration changes. This manual has basic configuration information; refer to the
Nexus IP Camera Configuration Guide (FLIR Doc. 427-0030-00-28) for more details about camera configuration.
Getting the camera IP interface set up and working may require a level of familiarity with managing IP networks that is new to many security professionals. Prior to configuring the IP interface and streaming video parameters, make sure you know how to manage and configure the other equipment in the network (for example, any PC or device that will connect to the camera, any router or firewall that will carry the IP traffic, and so on). FLIR technical support can only provide limited support in this regard.
1. For this chapter, it is assumed the camera will be connected to a network via Ethernet. For installations that use only analog video output, it is not possible to make configuration changes unless an
Ethernet connection is also used.
2. The web interface is supported on Microsoft Internet Explorer version 9, as well as the latest versions of Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox®.
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2.2
Basic Test and Configuration Steps
Assuming the existing network uses IP addresses that are unique and different than the default address on the camera, configuring the camera for IP communications generally involves the following steps:
Step 1 Connect the Ethernet port of the camera to an IP network that is isolated from the existing camera network (for example, a standalone switch).
Step 2 Connect a PC or laptop to the same network.
Step 3 Temporarily set the IP address of the PC or laptop to be compatible with the factory network address of the camera (for example, 192.168.250.1).
.
Step 4 Perform a bench test of the camera using FSM, prior to making any parameter changes (this step is optional but recommended).
Step 5 Using a web browser, configure the camera settings, such as IP address, camera date/time, and other parameters, so the camera is compatible with the existing network equipment.
Step 6 Save the configuration changes and restart the server.
Step 7 Connect the camera to the existing network and test the camera.
Step 8 Make a backup of the new configuration.
2.3
Camera Bench Test
Since the camera offers both analog video and IP video, there are several ways to bench test the camera. It is recommended the installer should test the camera using the same type of connections as the final installation.
Even if using analog video and serial communications in the final installation, it is a good idea to test the IP communications when performing the bench test. If any image adjustments are necessary, they can be done using a web browser over the IP connection, and saved as power-on default settings.
With the camera powered up, analog video can be tested at the BNC connectors. Connect the camera video output to a video monitor and confirm the live video is displayed on the monitor.
Connect the camera and a PC or laptop to the same Ethernet switch (or back-to-back with an Ethernet crossover cable
3
). The PT-Series camera is shipped with an IP address set to 192.168.250.116 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0. Set the PC or laptop network adapter to a compatible IP address (for example: 192.168.250.1).
If using serial communications, connect the serial cable from the camera to a serial device such as a keyboard, and confirm that the camera is responding to serial commands. Before using serial communications, it may be necessary to configure the serial device interface to operate with the camera. When the camera is turned on, the video temporarily displays system information including the serial number, IP address, Pelco address, and the Baud rate. For example:
S/N: 1234567
IP Addr: 192.168.250.116
PelcoD (Addr:1): 9600 SW
3. In most cases, a straight Ethernet cable can be used, because many PCs have auto-detect Ethernet interfaces.
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2.4
Web Browser Interface
Use a web browser to connect to the camera as described below, and confirm it is streaming video.
Once the bench test is complete, use the web browser to make configuration changes as needed (for example, set the IP address to an address that is compatible with the existing network). It is also a good idea to run the FSM software and confirm it is working with the camera as expected.
It is possible to log into the camera using one of three User Names: user, expert, and admin (the corresponding passwords by default are user, expert, and fliradmin respectively). The user login can be used to do the initial bench test of the camera. The expert or admin login must be used to make configuration changes such as setting the IP address. The login passwords can (and should) be changed by the system administrator to prevent unauthorized access. For information on how to change the passwords, refer to
“Maintenance Menus” on page 27
2.4.1
Log into the Camera Web Page
Step 1 Open a web browser and enter: http:\\192.168.250.116. The login screen with a picture of the camera will appear.
Step 2 Enter user for the User Name and user for the Password, and click Login.
2.4.2
Figure 2-1: Camera Web Page Login Screen
Live Video Page
The Live Video page will be displayed, with a live image from the camera on the left part of the page and a virtual joystick and function buttons on the right part of the page. Next to the FLIR logo along the top of the screen are some menu choices, including Live Video (the red text indicates it is selected),
Setup, Maintenance, Help, and Log out.
Help
At the top of the page, select the Help menu to display software version information. This page has information about the camera including hardware and software revision numbers, part numbers, and serial numbers. If it is necessary to contact FLIR Technical Support for assistance, it will be helpful to have the information from this page (such as Software Version) on hand.
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Toggle Time
Figure 2-2: Live Video Page
Toggle Camera/PC time
Use this button to view either the PC time or the camera time.
Log out
Use the Log out menu entry to disconnect from the camera.
If the live video is not displayed, refer to
“Troubleshooting Tips” on page 38
. In the lower right of the web page there is a frame rate selector. This selector allows the user to change the rate at which the frames are displayed in the browser. This rate controls this user’s own web browser only, and does not affect the video streams to other destinations.
Camera Control and Status
In the lower left of the screen are two indicator “lights”: Control and Status.
Initially the Control light is off, as in the image above, indicating the user is not able to control the camera immediately. When multiple users are connected to a camera, only one user at a time can issue commands to the camera. If another user has control of the camera, the Control light is yellow.
A user is able to request control of the camera by clicking on the yellow or black
“light”, or simply by sending a command to the camera. For example, move the cursor over the video and select the “Zoom In” control (magnifying glass with
“+”) that appears in the lower left of the screen. The Status light may turn off temporarily while waiting for the response from the camera. After a short pause, the Control light should turn green. Observe what happens to the image when the “Zoom In” control is clicked several times. Be patient, there may be a slight delay between each command while the browser waits for a response from the camera.
If a command is sent to the camera when the user does not have control, the command will not be executed, and it is necessary to send the command again once the light is green.
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Web Control Panel
The control buttons on the right side of the page provide a way to control the camera. When the mouse cursor is positioned over a button, a screen tip is displayed which explains the function of the button.
This same web interface is used with various FLIR thermal cameras; some are fixed mount cameras, such as the F-Series and FC-Series S cameras, and some have pan/tilt capabilities, such as the PT-Series and D-Series. As a result, some buttons appearing in the control panel may be disabled if they do not apply to the camera in use.
When the web interface is used with a pan/tilt camera, an image of a joystick appears below the control panel buttons. When the mouse is positioned over the joystick, the camera can be moved (up-down and/or left-right) by dragging the joystick in the appropriate direction.
For a pan/tilt camera, when the mouse is positioned over the video window, some controls appear in the lower left of the video image which allow the camera to be panned left or right, or to be tilted up or down. To move the camera, click on one of the arrows.
To zoom in, click on the Zoom In control (+); to zoom out, click the Zoom Out control (-).
For a camera with continuous zoom or e-zoom, to zoom the camera all the way in or out, click on either zoom control (+ or -) and drag it onto the video image.
Save Snapshot
This button allows the user to save an image as a .jpg file. The destination folder for the image is determined by the web browser that is used.
Perform IR NUC Calibration
This button causes the camera to perform a Non-Uniformity Correction operation (refer to the
“Image freezes momentarily” on page 38
).
Toggle Scene Preset
This button causes the camera to cycle through 5 different image settings. The Scene
Presets cause the image brightness and contrast to adjust. Depending on the time of day, weather, and other conditions, one Scene Preset may be preferable to the others.
Toggle Polarity
This button changes the way various objects are displayed in the image, with hot objects displayed as white and cold objects as black, or vice versa.
Start Scan List
This button will cause the camera to start the current scan list, which is a set of preset locations (each preset has a specific azimuth, elevation and zoom setting). The presets are programmed on the camera using the web interface or the FSM software.
Stop Scan List
This button causes the camera to stop (discontinue) the scan list.
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Toggle Video Source
For a multi-sensor system with more than one video source (for example, a PT-Series camera with a thermal IR camera and a daylight camera), this button causes the “active” video source to be switched from one camera to the next. If the thermal IR camera is active and the button is selected, it causes the daylight camera to become active, and vice versa. This also causes the new active video source to be displayed in the Live Video window.
Initialize Pan/Tilt
For a long-range multi-sensor system with a pan/tilt platform, this button causes the pan/tilt to go through its startup initialization. For most pan/tilt security cameras, this button is not needed since the pan/tilt will initialize automatically. For safety reasons, long-rage systems with large camera lenses do not initialize automatically, so this button is used.
Pan/Tilt Home
This button causes the camera to go to the Home position. The Home position can be set using the FSM software.
Autofocus
This button causes the active video source to perform an autofocus operation. If the active source is a thermal camera with a fixed-focus lens, selecting this button causes an error message to be displayed below the video window (“Function not available for this driver.”).
Function
Some cameras have additional features or functions which can be accessed using an extra numeric function keypad. It is possible to create customized camera functions through a “macro” interface which can be programmed through XML commands. Contact FLIR Technical Support for information about the Nexus XML-Based Control Interfaces.
When the Function button is selected, the keypad changes to a numeric keypad. As digits are selected, they are displayed below the keypad. To execute the function, select the FN Function button again.
If an invalid function is entered, an error message appears below the video window (“Function is not available in current mode.”). To return to the Control
Panel, select the Back button (left arrow).
Goto Preset
A camera can have a set of predetermined pan/tilt locations, each of which is known as a “preset”. For example, a preset may be configured for each of the locations where security surveillance is most needed, such as a gate, doorway, and other point of access.
When the Goto Preset button is selected, the keypad changes to a numeric keypad. As digits are selected, they are displayed below the keypad. To cause the camera to go to the preset, select the Goto Preset button again.
To return to the Control Panel, select the Back button (left arrow).
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2.5
Bench Test Using FSM
IF FSM is to be used in the final installation, it is a good idea to perform a bench test with it, as described below, prior to making configuration changes. The FSM software is included with the camera; the software installation will begin automatically when the CD is inserted into the PC. Once the bench test is complete, use a web browser to make configuration changes as needed (for example, set the IP address to an address that is compatible with the existing network).
The following provides a brief description of how to use FSM to control a camera and stream video from the camera. For more detailed information on how to use FSM, refer to the
FLIR Sensors
Manager User Manual. The latest version of the software is available from http://support.flir.com/ on the Downloads page.
2.5.1
Running FSM
Run the FSM software by double clicking the FLIR Sensors Manager icon on the desktop, or click on the Windows Start button and select Programs > FLIR Sensors Manager > FLIR Sensors Manager.
Initially the FLIR Sensors Manager splash screen will be displayed. After a brief while, the FSM main window will appear. A popup FSM Notification window will appear in the lower right of the screen indicating that no cameras (servers) have been discovered yet.
The FLIR Sensors Manager uses a “client/server” architecture. The FSM software is considered a client, and the cameras are considered servers or sensors. The Sensors Panel in the upper left of the window indicates no sensors have been discovered and added to the list of Active Sensors.
No sensors discovered initially Video Wall 0 Setup Discovery
Pan/Tilt/Zoom controls
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Click on Setup, if required, then the Discovery button on the side panel to bring up the Discovery
Panel. The FSM software can automatically discover FLIR cameras on the network.
When the Discovery Panel is displayed, click Refresh. The FLIR camera will appear in the list of
Discovered Sensors. The camera will be called “FLIR”, and the asterisk in parenthesis “(*)” indicates the camera has not been added to the list of Active Sensors on the right.
Click on the center bar “>” to move the camera to the list of Active Servers. The name of the camera should appear in the Sensors Panel, with a green joystick icon.
By default, the FSM software will automatically discover sensors in the network, connect to the first camera it finds, take control of the camera, and display the video from the camera in Video Wall 0.
Click on Video Wall 0 and confirm that video is streamed to the monitor and it is possible to control the camera using the pan/tilt/zoom controls in the Control Panel. For example, click on the zoom button
(magnifying glass with +), and the video will zoom in. Once operation of the camera has been confirmed, the camera can be configured to an IP address that matches the installation network.
2.6
Basic Camera Configuration
The following procedures describe how to do the most common basic camera configuration steps, such as setting the camera IP address and hostname and changing the user passwords. To make these changes, it is necessary to login using the admin user account.
Note
In most installations, the only camera settings needed are available from the Live Video page
(using Scene Presets or Polarity). Use caution when modifying the camera settings described in this section. Some settings may adversely affect the thermal image over time or may completely disable the camera or the network interface.
2.6.1
Expert and Admin Accounts
When a user logs in as expert, additional menus are available. The
Setup menu can be used to make adjustments to the thermal and daylight cameras, pan/tilt platform, Surveillance modes, and Preset camera locations. The expert log in can also access the Maintenance > Server pages to modify the network settings, including the IP address of the camera, setup system services (such as date and time), and change some of the security settings. When a user logs in as admin, all the Maintenance pages are accessible. The Maintenance menu provides access to many other configuration options.
2.6.2
Maintenance Menus
Initially, when the Maintenance page is selected, the Server > LAN Settings page is displayed.
Note, In order to make some configuration changes through the Maintenance menu, it is necessary to save the changes, then stop and restart the server to make the changes take effect.
The basic camera configuration steps are accessed through the Maintenance menu, using the Server submenu on the left side of the page.The LAN Settings, Services, and Security Options selections are described below. Generally with these settings it is necessary to save the changes to make them effective, but it is not necessary to stop and restart the server.
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Step 1 If you are logged into the Nexus Server user account, select Log out or direct your web browser to: http:\\192.168.250.116.
Step 2 Enter admin for the User Name and fliradmin for the Password, and click Login.
Step 3 Select Maintenance from the top menu. The following LAN Settings page appears.
LAN Settings: The LAN Settings page can be used to set the hostname, default gateway, and IP address for the camera. The default IP Address mode is static; the mode can also be set to DHCP.
Scroll down to Save
When the LAN settings are changed and the Save button is clicked, a pop-up message will appear to indicate the network interface should be restarted. Once all the changes have been made and saved, click on the Restart Network button at the bottom of the page.
Once the IP address of the camera is changed, the PC may no longer be on the same network and therefore may not be able to access the camera until the IP address on the PC is changed also. For that reason, you may wish to change the IP address after making other configuration changes.
If the Hostname is changed, the new name may not show up in FSM until the camera is rebooted. To reboot the camera, save any configuration changes, then select Server Status and click the Reboot button.
Note
The IP address is temporarily displayed on the video for a short while after the camera boots up.
If you are unsure what the camera IP address is set to, it may useful to reboot the camera and watch for the IP Address information after the camera boots up.To reset the IP address to the
“Restoring the Factory Settings” on page 43
.
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Services Menu
Date and Time: The Date and Time settings page is used to configure the date and time settings.
The date, time, and time zone can be obtained from an NTP server, or can be entered manually. If the
NTP mode is selected, the NTP server information can be entered. The NTP server address can be entered as a static address or can be obtained via DHCP. The Nexus server must be stopped before changes can be saved. After saving changes, it is necessary to restart the server to make them effective.
Toggle Server (Stop/Start)
If the Custom mode is selected, a pop-up window allows the information to be entered manually. Set the date and time parameters, then select the Save button at the bottom.
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Server Status: The Server Status page provides an indication of the current server status (either running or stopped) and buttons for starting or stopping the server or for rebooting the system.
Toggle Server (Stop/Start)
After making configuration changes, it is necessary to save the changes to the server (there is a Save button at the bottom of each configuration page). The configuration changes do not take effect immediately. Generally, it is also necessary to stop and restart the server for the changes to become effective. The server has a configuration that is active and running, and another configuration that is saved (and possibly different than the running configuration).
The message at the bottom of the page indicates the saved configuration is different than the active (running) configuration, and it is necessary to restart the server.
It may take up to 20 seconds or more to stop the server, especially when there are multiple video streams open. Be patient when stopping the server.
When the server is stopped and the page is refreshed, the status will show Server Stopped and the Start button will be enabled.
Click on the Start button to restart the server, and when the page refreshes, the status will again show Server Running.
The Start button will be replaced by a Stop button when the startup procedure has completed.
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Security Options: Use the
Security Options page to restrict access through the camera web server to specific IP addresses and to set and change passwords.
Add IP address
Scroll down to Save
Allow change password
As an additional security measure, it is possible to limit which computers have access to the web browser interface. At the top of the page under “Restrict Web Configuration”, add a computer’s IP address and click “Add”. After all the allowed IP addresses are entered, select the Save button to save the changes. Note, once one or more addresses has been added to this list, only these computers will be able to log in to the web interface. Be sure to remember which addresses are allowed.
To maintain security of your systems set passwords for each of the three login accounts. After a password is set and confirmed, select the Save button at the bottom (scroll down the page, if necessary).
•
user—The user account can only use the Live Video page and controls.
•
expert—The expert account can use the Live Video page, the camera Setup page, and the Server pages on the
Maintenance menu.
•
admin—The admin account can use all pages.
Selecting the Allow Change Password check box will allow that login to change their own password from an icon at the top of all pages.
It is also possible to limit access to the camera from a client program (such as FSM) by IP address. To do so, in the Maintenance menu select Sensor, then Networking. Set the “Allow anonymous clients” parameter to No, and then add in the allowed addresses in the Remote
Clients list and click Save.
Note, once one or more addresses has been added to this list, only these computers will be able to access the camera as a client. Be sure to remember which addresses are allowed.
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Modules Menu
The Modules page is accessed through the Maintenance menu, using the Sensor submenu on the left side of the page. The Video pages and the On-screen display (OSD) page are described below.
Use the Video page to modify the video stream parameters that affect both image quality and transmission bandwidth. With the settings on the OSD page, text information (for example, camera name, date/time, etc.) can be added as an overlay on the video. The OSD text will appear on the IP video streams as well as the analog video output. Use the Alarm Manager page to define rules for camera alarms from Video Analytics or GPIO.
Video Pages: By default, four video streams are enabled for the camera: Video 0, Video 1, Video 2,
Video 3. Video 0 and Video 1 are IR streams; Video 2 and Video 3 are visible streams. All video streams are available for viewing from a client program such as FSM, a stand-alone video player, or a third-party VMS. By default, Video 0 and Video 2 use H.264 encoding while Video 1 and Video 3 use
MJPEG encoding. To modify parameters that affect a particular IP Video stream from the camera, select the appropriate link (for example,
Video 0).
With the factory configuration, the default parameters provide high-quality full frame-rate video streams with reasonable bandwidth usage. The default settings for each video stream provide highquality, full frame-rate video. In general, for most installations it will not be necessary to modify the default parameters. However in some cases, such as when a video stream is sent over a wireless network, it may be useful to “tune” the video stream to try to reduce the bandwidth requirements. In particular, the RTSP Settings, Network Options, and the Settings parameters are described below.
Caution!
Adjustments to these settings should only be made by someone trained with thermal cameras and a thorough understanding of how the various settings affect the image.
Haphazard changes can lead to image problems including a complete loss of video.
The parameters in the Video Settings section will have a significant impact on the quality and bandwidth requirements of the video stream. In general it is recommended that the default values are used initially, and then individual parameters can be modified and tested incrementally to determine if the bandwidth and quality requirements are met.
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Video 0 and Video 2
For the streams Video 0 and Video 2, the codec options are H.264, MPEG4, or
MJPEG. The MPEG4 codec requires the least amount of processing, while MJPEG requires the most.
When the Rate Control parameter is set to
CBR (Constant Bit Rate), the Bit Rate parameter is used for as average target rate; the system attempts to keep the stream at or near the target bit rate. (Note that the Quality setting does not affect the bit rate.)
When the Rate Control parameter is set to
CVBR (Constrained Variable Bit Rate), the Bit
Rate parameter is used as an upper limit bit rate and the Quality setting further adjusts the amount of video data in the stream; the system keeps the stream at or under the target bit rate.
Scroll down to Save
The I-Frame Interval parameter controls the number of P-frames used between I-frames. I-frames are full frames of video and the P-frames contain the changes that occurred since the last I-frame. A smaller I-Frame Interval results in higher bandwidth (more full frames sent) and better video quality. A higher I-Frame Interval number means fewer I-frames are sent and therefore results in lower bandwidth and possibly lower quality.
The Image Size parameter controls the video resolution and therefore can have a large impact on bandwidth usage. The larger the size of the frame, the better the resolution and the larger the network bandwidth required. Table 2-1 provides the corresponding resolution for each setting.
Table 2-1: Image Size Settings
Resolution
D1
4SIF
VGA
SIF
QVGA
NTSC
720 x 480
704 x 480
640 x 480
352 x 240
320 x 240
PAL
720 x 576
704 x 576
640 x 480
352 x 288
320 x 240
As a rule of thumb, if the video will be viewed on its own and on a reasonably large screen, a large image size setting may look better. On the other hand, if the video is shown as a tile in a video wall, a smaller image size may look as good and consume less bandwidth.
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Video 0 and Video 2 Multicast
By default, the video streams from the camera are sent using unicast packets rather than multicast. This means a given packet of IP Video will be sent separately to each client that has that video stream open. Therefore each additional client will cause the bandwidth to increase and cause more overhead on the system in comparison to multicast. With Multicast enabled, video packets are shared by streaming clients, so additional clients do not cause bandwidth to increase as dramatically. If the video streams are used by more than one client/location, it may be wise to use multicast for more efficient bandwidth usage.
With Multicast enabled, new fields are shown, Destination Network
IP address and Destination Port, as well as TTL (time-to-live).
If more than one camera is providing multicast streams on the network, be sure to configure each stream with a unique multicast
Destination Network IP address and Destination Port combination.
The time-to-live field controls the ability of IP packets to traverse network or router boundaries. A value of 1 restricts the stream to the same subnet. Values greater than 1 allow ever increasing access between networks.
Video 0 and Video 2 RTP Streaming
There are some challenges with streaming video over an IP network, when compared to IP applications which are less time-critical, such as email and web browsing. There are many parameters and factors related to network infrastructure, protocols, codecs, and so on that can affect the quality and bit rate of a video stream when it is established between the camera and a client.
The video streaming is done using a protocol generally referred to as Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), but there are actually many protocols involved, including Real-Time Transport Control
Protocol (RTCP) and Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP). In the background, a “negotiation” takes place to establish a session between the client (such as FSM, or a third party VMS or video player) and the camera.
The ports which form a session are negotiated using a protocol such as RTSP. A client typically requests a video stream using its preferred settings, and the camera can respond with its preferred settings. As a result, many of the details are established dynamically, which may run contrary to network security requirements.
In some networks, the RTP/RTSP traffic is carried (tunneled) over
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) as that may allow the traffic to cross network boundaries and firewalls. While this method involves more overhead due to encapsulation, it may be necessary for clients to access the video streams when HTTP proxies are used.
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RTSP is originated and received on even port numbers and the associated RTCP communication uses the next higher odd port number; the default RTSP Port is 554. The default value for the stream from
VIDEO 0 is ch0.
For example, the complete connection string is: rtsp://192.168.251.201:554/ch0. This stream name can be used to open a video stream with a third-party video player. By default the video stream uses the IP address of the camera.
Video 1 and Video 3 - MJPEG
For the streams Video 1 and Video 3, the only codec option is MJPEG. The MJPEG codec provide the highest quality.
The qFactor parameter controls the perceived quality of the video. A setting of 75 results in higher bandwidth and the best video quality. A setting of 25 results in the lowest bandwidth usage and possibly lower quality.
The Image Size parameter controls the video resolution and can have a large impact on bandwidth usage. The larger the frame size, the better the resolution and the larger the bandwidth required. Table 2-1 provides the corresponding resolution for each setting.
OSD Page: Use the
OSD page to turn on and configure the On Screen Display (OSD) options.
Selected camera-related information (such as camera name, date, time, etc) can be shown as an overlay on the analog video and in the IP video streams.
Scroll down to Save
For example, the
Label Text Mode can show the Friendly Name (configured on the Product Info page),
Hostname (configured on the LAN Settings page), or a Custom text string (select Custom). Options for each text item control the “background” Transparency, Color, Text Mode, Style Mode, Size, and
Location.
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Files Menu
Configuration: The Configuration page allows the Nexus Server configuration to be displayed or backed up locally (on the camera). The configuration file can also be downloaded to another computer for backup, or a new configuration file can be uploaded from a computer to the camera. Shown at the top of the screen is the configuration script file in a scrollable window. This can be useful if you ever need help from a support engineer.
Change window size
Restore from backup
Backup current configuration
In the Backup & Recovery section, click the Restore link associated with the factory.defaults configuration to restore the camera to its factory settings. This file can not be modified or deleted, so it is always available.
To make a backup of your system settings, enter a name in the box and click Backup. This will make a backup file of the current configuration and store it locally on the camera.
In the Upload & Download section, the Download Configuration File link can be used to save a copy to a PC for safe keeping. A pop-up window will ask for a file name and destination folder. The Upload button is used to transfer a configuration file from a PC to the camera.
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2.7
Thermal Imaging Overview
When power is applied to the PT-Series camera, a FLIR splash screen is displayed for less than two seconds, and then the camera outputs the live video image. No operator action or intervention is required and no configuration of the camera is necessary.
The thermal camera makes an image based on temperature differences. In the thermal image, by default the hottest item in the scene appears as white and the coldest item is black, and all other items are represented as a gray scale value between white and black.
It may take some time to get used to the thermal imagery from the camera, especially for someone who only has experience with normal daylight cameras. Having a basic understanding of the differences between thermal and daylight cameras can help with getting the best performance from the thermal camera.
Both thermal and daylight cameras have detectors (pixels) that detect energy. One difference between thermal and daylight cameras has to do with where the energy comes from to create an image. When viewing an image with an ordinary camera, there has to be some source of visible light (something hot, such as the sun or lights) that reflects off the objects in the scene to the camera. The same is true with human eyesight; the vast majority of what people see is based on reflected light energy.
On the other hand, the thermal camera detects energy that is directly radiated from objects in the scene. Most objects in typical surroundings are not hot enough to radiate visible light, but they easily radiate the type of infrared energy that the thermal camera can detect. Even very cold objects, like ice and snow, radiate this type of energy.
The camera is capable of sensing very small temperature differences, and produces a video image that typically has dramatic contrast in comparison to daylight cameras. This high contrast level from the thermal video enables intelligent video analytic software to perform more reliably.
The performance of the camera will likely vary throughout the day. Right after sunset, objects warmed by the sun will appear warmest. Early in the morning, many of these objects will appear cooler than their surroundings, so be sure to look for subtle differences in the scene, as opposed to just hot targets.
Originally developed for the military, thermal imaging cameras are now deployed in numerous commercial applications where it is impractical or too expensive to use active illumination (lights). They are perfect for a wide variety of applications including transportation, maritime, security, fire fighting, and medical applications. The cameras often provide improved daytime viewing in environments where traditional video camera performance suffers, such as in shadows or backlit scenes.
The PT-Series camera is a state-of-the-art thermal imaging system that will provide excellent night visibility and situational awareness, without any form of natural or artificial illumination. The system is easy to use, but it is useful to understand how to interpret what is displayed on the monitor.
While the imagery on the monitor may at first look similar to ordinary black and white daylight video, experience with the camera in varying conditions and seasons will lead to an appreciation of the characteristics that make thermal imaging distinct. A few tips on how to interpret some of the imagery may help you to make the most of your system.
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The thermal camera does not sense light like conventional cameras; it senses heat or temperature differences. The camera senses small “differences” in apparent radiation from the objects in view, and displays them as either white (or lighter shades of gray) for warmer objects, and black (or darker shades of gray) for colder objects.
The thermal imaging camera relies on the fact that all objects, even very cold objects like ice, emit thermal energy in the portion of the infrared spectrum that this camera can “see”, the long wave infrared (LWIR). Therefore, unlike an illuminated infrared camera, a thermal camera does not need an additional active illumination source, and creates video based on directly radiated rather than reflected energy.
This is why hot objects such as parts on an engines and exhaust pipes appear white, while the sky, puddles of water and other cold objects appear dark (or cool)
4
. Scenes with familiar objects will be easy to interpret with some experience. The camera automatically optimizes the image to provide you with the best contrast in most conditions.
2.8
Troubleshooting Tips
If you need help during the installation process, contact your local FLIR representative, or call the appropriate support number listed at: http://www.flir.com/security/display/?id=71083
. FLIR Systems,
Inc. offers a comprehensive selection of training courses to help you to get the best performance and value from your thermal imaging camera. Find out more at the FLIR training web page: http:// www.flir.com/training.
Image freezes momentarily: By design, the camera image will freeze momentarily on a periodic basis during the Flat Field Correction (FFC) cycle (also known as Non-Uniformity Correction or NUC).
Every few minutes, the image will momentarily freeze for a fraction of a second while the camera performs a flat field correction. A shutter activates inside the camera and provides a target of uniform temperature, allowing the camera to correct for ambient temperature changes and provide the best possible image. Just prior to the FFC, a small green square will appear in the corner of the screen.
Using FSM, it is possible to adjust the frequency of how often the FFC operation occurs. Using the
Advanced Sensor Control, it is possible to change the FFC interval or to disable the automatic FFC entirely by setting it to Manual mode. For the best possible image, it is recommended the factory settings are used.
No video: If the camera will not produce an image, check the video connection at the camera and at your display. If the connectors appear to be properly connected but the camera still does not produce an image, ensure that power has been properly applied to the camera and the circuit breaker is set properly. If a fuse was used, be sure the fuse is not blown. If the video cabling is suspected as a possible source of the problem, plug a monitor into the RCA connection inside the camera and determine if it produces an image.
When the camera is powered on, it will do a NUC operation shortly after startup. If you are uncertain if the camera is receiving power, it may be useful to listen to the camera to hear if the click-click of the shutter mechanism can be heard. It may be only be possible to perform this test when the camera is on a work bench rather than in its installed position.
4. By default, the camera represents hot objects as white and cold objects as black. The camera can be set to use the Black Hot polarity setting, which displays hot objects as black and cold objects as white and is effectively the negative of White Hot polarity.
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If the camera still does not produce an image, contact the FLIR dealer or reseller who provided the camera, or contact FLIR directly (contact information is provided on the rear cover of this manual).
Performance varies with time of day: You may observe differences in the way the camera performs at different times of the day, due to the diurnal cycle of the sun. Recall that the camera produces an image based on temperature differences.
At certain times of the day, such as just before dawn, the objects in the image scene may all be roughly the same temperature, compared to other times of the day. Compare this to imagery right after sunset, when objects in the image may be radiating heat energy that has been absorbed during the day due to solar loading. Greater temperature differences in the scene generally will allow the camera to produce high-contrast imagery.
Performance may also be affected when objects in the scene are wet rather than dry, such as on a foggy day or in the early morning when everything may be coated with dew. Under these conditions, it may be difficult for the camera to show the temperature the object itself, rather than of the water coating.
Unable To Communicate Over Ethernet: First check to ensure the physical connections are intact and that the camera is powered on and providing analog video to the monitor. When the camera is turned on, confirm the startup information is displayed on the analog monitor after approximately 90 seconds. For example:
S/N: 1234567
IP Addr: 192.168.250.116
Confirm that the IP address for the PC (for example, 192.168.250.1) is on the same network as the camera.
Next determine if Windows Personal Firewall is blocking the packets. You can turn off the firewall or add an exception for the FSM program. Typically when FSM runs for the first time, a pop-up notification may ask for permission to allow the FLIR Sensors Manager (fsm.exe) to communicate on the network. Select the check boxes (domain/private/public) that are appropriate for your network.
By default the camera will broadcast a “discovery” packet two times per second. When FSM starts up, it listens to the network for the discovery packets. If no cameras are listed in the Discovered Servers
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list, press the Refresh button. If the list is still empty, it indicates no discovery packets were received.
This could be due to a wide variety of problems with the network, the PC, or the camera.
If necessary, use a packet sniffer utility such as Wireshark to capture packets and confirm the packets are being received by the PC from the camera.
Unable to control the camera from FSM: If the camera does not respond to commands from FSM
(for example, the camera does not zoom when the zoom in button is clicked), the camera may not be the “Active” camera, or you may not have control of the camera. By default FSM will automatically request control of the camera and make it active, but if there are multiple cameras and/or multiple FSM clients, it may be necessary to manually make the camera active and take control of it.
Also, if the camera has a serial control interface connected to it, the serial device has the highest priority, and a command from the serial device can automatically take control of the camera away from any FSM client.
In the Sensors Panel, if the camera is the active sensor, there will be an “(Active)” notification next to the name of the camera. Only one camera or sensor can be active at a time. To make the camera active, right click on the icon to the left of the camera name and select “Set Active”, or simply double-click on the icon.
The icon to the left of the camera name indicates the status of the sensor. The following is a list of the possible icons and the meaning of each one.
Connected and Controlled
This icon indicates the camera has been discovered and added to the list of active servers, and the camera is actively “connected” to the FSM client and receiving status updates. The joystick in the icon indicates the user has control of the camera. To release control of the camera, right click on the icon and select “Release Control”.
Discovered
This icon indicates the camera has been discovered and added to the list of active servers, but the camera is not actively “connected” to FSM, and therefore FSM is not receiving status updates. To connect to the camera, right click on the icon and select “Connect”. Alternatively, it is possible to doubleclick the icon to connect.
Connected
This icon indicates the camera has been discovered and added to the list of active servers, and the camera is actively “connected” to FSM and receiving status updates. To take control of the camera, right click on the icon and select
“Request Control”. Alternatively, it is possible to double-click the icon to take control.
Not Connected
This icon indicates the camera has been discovered and added to the list of active servers, and FSM is trying to connect to the camera, but some kind of problem is preventing
FSM from receiving status updates the camera. This could be do to a wide variety of problems in the camera, network or PC. Most often this situation occurs when a firewall allows certain packets (such as the discovery packets) but not others (the packets needed for a “connection”).
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2.9
FSM General Errors
In the status bar at the bottom of the FSM screen there may be an indication that an error has occurred. When you position the cursor over the error icon (exclamation mark), the error will be displayed in a temporary pop-up. It is possible to view all the error messages by selecting the Tools tab at the top of he screen, and then select the Log button to the left.
Unable to View Video Stream: If the video stream from the camera is not displayed in FSM, it could be that the packets are blocked by the firewall, or there could be a conflict with video codecs that are installed for other video programs.
When displaying video with FSM for the first time, the Windows Personal Firewall may ask for permission to allow the FLIR Video Player (vp.exe) to communicate on the network. Select the check boxes (domain/private/public) that are appropriate for your network.
If necessary, test to make sure the video from the camera can be viewed by a generic video player such as VLC media player (http://www.videolan.org/vlc/).To view the video stream, specify RTSP port
554 and the appropriate stream name such as “ch0”. For example: rtsp://192.168.250.116:554/ch0
Noisy image: A noisy image is usually attributed to a cable problem (too long or inferior quality) or the cable is picking up electromagnetic interference (EMI) from another device. Although coax cable has built-in losses, the longer the cable is (or the smaller the wire gauge/thickness), the more severe the losses become; and the higher the signal frequency, the more pronounced the losses. Unfortunately this is one of the most common and unnecessary problems that plagues video systems in general.
Cable characteristics are determined by a number of factors (core material, dielectric material and shield construction, among others) and must be carefully matched to the specific application.
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Moreover, the transmission characteristics of the cable will be influenced by the physical environment through which the cable is run and the method of installation. Use only high quality cable and ensure the cable is suitable to the marine environment.
Check cable connector terminations. Inferior quality connections may use multiple adapters which can cause unacceptable noise. Use a high-quality video distribution amplifier when splitting the signal to multiple monitors.
Image too dark or too light: By default the PT-Series thermal camera uses an Automatic Gain
Control (AGC) setting that has proven to be superior for most applications, and the camera will respond to varying conditions automatically. The installer should keep in mind that the sky is quite cold and can strongly affect the overall image. It may be possible to avoid a problem by slightly moving the camera up or down to include (or exclude) items with hot or cold temperatures that influence the overall image. For example, a very cold background (such as the sky) could cause the camera to use a wider temperature range than appropriate.
Eastern or Western Exposure: Once installed, the camera may point directly east or west, and this may cause the sun to be in the field of view during certain portions of the day. We do not recommend intentionally viewing the sun, but looking at the sun will not permanently damage the sensor. In fact the thermal imaging camera often provides a considerable advantage over a conventional camera in this type of back-lit situation. However, the sun may introduce image artifacts that will eventually correct out. and it may take some time for the camera to recover. The amount of time needed for recovery will depend on how long the camera was exposed to the sun. The longer the exposure, the longer the recovery time needed.
Figure 2-3: Images facing sun from standard camera (left) and thermal camera
(right)
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2.10
Restoring the Factory Settings
The camera comes configured from the factory with default settings for the IP address
(192.168.250.116), the login passwords, and all of the other configuration parameters (stored in a file called server.ini). In some cases, it may be necessary to restore the settings of the camera to the original factory settings. If necessary, this can be accomplished by temporarily connecting a loopback device to the Ethernet port during initial power-up. Approximately 30 seconds after power is turned on, the loopback should be removed to allow the camera to finish booting up.
Note
The camera will not finish booting up while the loopback device is connected to the camera. The camera will display analog video, but the Nexus Server will not start until the loopback is removed from the camera.
At each power-up, the system transmits a packet and then checks to determine if that same packet has been received. Detection of the received packet indicates the camera has a custom loopback connector installed on its Ethernet interface. The detection of the loopback packet cues the camera to restore Factory Defaults (including the IP settings, user passwords, and configuration file), reverting to the same configuration and behavior as when the camera left the factory.
The custom loopback connector is described below.
Pin #
6
7
4
5
8
1
2
3
Signal
Transmit +
Transmit -
Receive +
Unused
Unused
Receive -
Unused
Unused
Tied to pin #
N/A
N/A
2
N/A
N/A
3
6
1
The RJ45 loopback termination ties pin 1 to pin 3, and pin 2 to pin 6. The other pins are not connected.
This type of device is available commercially (the Smartronix Superlooper Ethernet Loopback Jack and Plug is one example), or it can be easily made with an RJ45 plug, a couple wires, and a crimp tool.
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After the camera boots up, confirm the startup information is displayed on the analog monitor after approximately 90 seconds. For example:
S/N: 1234567
IP Addr: 192.168.250.116
PelcoD (Addr:1): 9600 SW
2.11
Setting the IP address on a Windows PC
To set the computer IP address in Windows, first connect the PC to a switch, or connect it to the camera and ensure the camera has power.
Step 1 With the PC or laptop connected to the switch (or if back-to-back with the camera, with the camera powered on), open the Control Panel, Network and Sharing Center (a Windows 7 example is shown). The connection to the camera should show in your Active Networks.
Click to select
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Step 2 Click to select the Local Area Connection then click Properties, as shown at the right.
Click Properties
Step 3 Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) as shown. Then click Properties.
Click to select
Click Properties
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Step 4 Select Use the following IP address, then enter 192.168.250.xxx, where xxx is any number between 1-255, other than 116 (the camera default).
Step 5 Set the Subnet mask to 255.255.255.0, then click OK.
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3
Serial Address: Decimal To Binary
Conversion
Note, the order of the switches 1-8 is the reverse of the binary digits. For example, for address 1 the binary equivalent is 00000001 and the left-most switch (switch1) is on.
3.1
Address Conversion Table
Address
1
2
3
…
255
Sw1
ON
OFF
ON
…
ON
Sw 2
OFF
ON
ON
…
ON
Sw 3
OFF
OFF
OFF
…
ON
Sw4
OFF
OFF
OFF
…
ON
Sw 5
OFF
OFF
OFF
…
ON
Sw 6
OFF
OFF
OFF
…
ON
Sw 7
OFF
OFF
OFF
…
ON
The following table shows the binary equivalent for each decimal address between 1 and 255.
00001101
00001110
00001111
00010000
00010001
00010010
00010011
00010100
00010101
00010110
00010111
00011000
00011001
00011010
Binary
00000001
00000010
00000011
00000100
00000101
00000110
00000111
00001000
00001001
00001010
00001011
00001100
21
22
23
24
25
26
17
18
19
20
13
14
15
16
9
10
11
12
5
6
7
8
Decimal
1
2
3
4
10001101
10001110
10001111
10010000
10010001
10010010
10010011
10010100
10010101
10010110
10010111
10011000
10011001
10011010
Binary
10000001
10000010
10000011
10000100
10000101
10000110
10000111
10001000
10001001
10001010
10001011
10001100
149
150
151
152
153
154
145
146
147
148
141
142
143
144
Decimal
129
130
131
132
137
138
139
140
133
134
135
136
01001101
01001110
01001111
01010000
01010001
01010010
01010011
01010100
01010101
01010110
01010111
01011000
01011001
01011010
Binary
01000001
01000010
01000011
01000100
01000101
01000110
01000111
01001000
01001001
01001010
01001011
01001100
85
86
87
88
89
90
81
82
83
84
77
78
79
80
73
74
75
76
69
70
71
72
Decimal
65
66
67
68
213
214
215
216
217
218
209
210
211
212
205
206
207
208
Decimal
193
194
195
196
201
202
203
204
197
198
199
200
11001101
11001110
11001111
11010000
11010001
11010010
11010011
11010100
11010101
11010110
11010111
11011000
11011001
11011010
Binary
11000001
11000010
11000011
11000100
11000101
11000110
11000111
11001000
11001001
11001010
11001011
11001100
Sw 8
OFF
OFF
OFF
…
ON
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3 Serial Address: Decimal To Binary Conversion
55
56
57
58
51
52
53
54
47
48
49
50
43
44
45
46
59
60
61
62
63
64
39
40
41
42
35
36
37
38
31
32
33
34
27
28
29
30
119
120
121
122
115
116
117
118
111
112
113
114
107
108
109
110
123
124
125
126
127
128
103
104
105
106
99
100
101
102
95
96
97
98
91
92
93
94
00101011
00101100
00101101
00101110
00101111
00110000
00110001
00110010
00110011
00110100
00110101
00110110
00110111
00111000
00111001
00111010
00011011
00011100
00011101
00011110
00011111
00100000
00100001
00100010
00100011
00100100
00100101
00100110
00100111
00101000
00101001
00101010
00111011
00111100
00111101
00111110
00111111
01000000
183
184
185
186
179
180
181
182
175
176
177
178
171
172
173
174
187
188
189
190
191
192
167
168
169
170
163
164
165
166
159
160
161
162
155
156
157
158
01101011
01101100
01101101
01101110
01101111
01110000
01110001
01110010
01110011
01110100
01110101
01110110
01110111
01111000
01111001
01111010
01011011
01011100
01011101
01011110
01011111
01100000
01100001
01100010
01100011
01100100
01100101
01100110
01100111
01101000
01101001
01101010
01111011
01111100
01111101
01111110
01111111
10000000
247
248
249
250
243
244
245
246
251
252
253
254
255
239
240
241
242
235
236
237
238
231
232
233
234
227
228
229
230
223
224
225
226
219
220
221
222
10101011
10101100
10101101
10101110
10101111
10110000
10110001
10110010
10110011
10110100
10110101
10110110
10110111
10111000
10111001
10111010
10011011
10011100
10011101
10011110
10011111
10100000
10100001
10100010
10100011
10100100
10100101
10100110
10100111
10101000
10101001
10101010
10111011
10111100
10111101
10111110
10111111
11000000
11101011
11101100
11101101
11101110
11101111
11110000
11110001
11110010
11110011
11110100
11110101
11110110
11110111
11111000
11111001
11111010
11111011
11111100
11111101
11111110
11111111
11011011
11011100
11011101
11011110
11011111
11100000
11100001
11100010
11100011
11100100
11100101
11100110
11100111
11101000
11101001
11101010
427-0032-00-12 Version 180 June 2016 48
FLIR Systems, Inc.
6769 Hollister Ave
Goleta, CA 93117
USA
Support: http://www.flir.com/security/display/?id=71083
Corporate Headquarters
FLIR Systems, Inc.
27700 SW Parkway Ave.
Wilsonville, OR 97070
USA
PH: +1 503.498.3547
FX: +1 503.498.3153
Document:
427-0032-00-12
Version: 180
Date: June 2016
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