User manual | Trane CVHE Three-Stage Single Compressor CenTraVac, CVHF Two-Stage Single Compressor CenTraVac, CVHG Three-Stage Single Compressor CenTraVac, CDHG Dual Compressor CenTraVac, CDHF Dual Compressor CenTraVac, GPC Gas Powered CenTraVac Package Product Catalog

Product Catalog
EarthWise™ CenTraVac™
Water-Cooled Liquid Chillers
170–3950 Tons, 50 and 60 Hz
Tonnage Ranges By CenTraVac Model Number
CVHE — Three-Stage Single Compressor CenTraVac — 50/60 Hz
170
500
CVHF — Two-Stage Single Compressor CenTraVac — 60 Hz
325
2000
CVHG — Three-Stage Single Compressor CenTraVac — 50 Hz
450
1300
CDHG — Dual Compressor CenTraVac — 50 Hz
1200
2500
CDHF — Dual Compressor CenTraVac — 60 Hz
1500
3950
GPC — Gas Powered CenTraVac Package — 60Hz
170
3950
CVHE/CVHF/CVHG
CDHF/CDHG
January 2008
CTV-PRC007-EN
Worlds Most Efficient Lowest Emissions Chiller
Standard of Excellence—Trane found that the straightest path to reliability is
simplicity. The Trane CenTraVac™ chiller has only one primary moving part—a single
rotating shaft supported by two aircraft-turbine-rated bearings. This direct-drive concept
minimizes the chance of failure by reducing the number of critical parts—no gear boxes,
couplings, extra shafts, or shaft seals. This also reduces wear and drag on parts, resulting
in more sustainable, reliable, and efficient operation.
Economically and Environmentally Sound—The EarthWise™CenTraVac has a
proven track record as the worlds most efficient, lowest emissions chiller. Selectable at
an unmatched efficiency level of .48 kW/ton at standard ARI conditions. With an efficiency
level of 16% to 25% better than competitive chillers.
Lowest Total Refrigerant Emissions In The Industry—The key to the highest energy
efficiency and lowest leak rate is use of the low pressure refrigerant R-123. The lowest
direct-effect global warming potential and highest thermodynamic efficiency of all
non-CFC refrigerants; R-123 is used in more new centrifugals today than all other
alternatives combined.
Feedforward Adaptive Control—CenTraVac chiller control algorithms shorten chiller
response time for energy-saving variable pumping strategies. Feedforward is a control
strategy designed to anticipate and compensate for load changes via entering water
temperatures and flow rates. The controller includes unit-mounted control panel, main
processor, and operator interface. Control capabilities include:
• Adaptive frequency drive control (AFD) • Soft loading and fast restart
• Variable-primary flow (VPF)
• 34°F (1.1°C) leaving water temperature
• VPF with AFD
• Variable-flow compensation
EarthWise System Design—Reduces first cost, lowers operating costs, and is
substantially quieter than traditional applied systems. Central to the design are low flow,
low temperature, and high efficiency for both airside and waterside systems, along with
optimized control algorithms for sustainable performance.
EarthWise systems are less expensive to install and operate than conventional designs.
Trane Integrated Comfort Systems (ICS) control technology assures the EarthWise
system delivers optimal, reliable performance.
Smaller equipment and duckwork means supplying less airflow at colder temperatures
and permits a quieter operation. This also reduces relative humidity in the building,
improving indoor air quality.
Compared to conventional designs, an EarthWise chilled water system reduces the total
cost of ownership by cutting installation and operational costs. For more information,
visit: http://www.trane.com/Commercial/HvacSystems/1_3_EarthWise.aspx?i=865
Industrial Chiller Option—INDP equipped CenTraVac chillers, constructed to NEMA 4
specifications, feature enclosed wiring in seal-tight conduits and junction boxes. INDP
also includes an oversized, industrial-grade control panel with upgraded layout and
installation features. The Purge is also upgraded to NEMA 4, and the entire chiller is
silicone-friendly for industrial and chemical processes.
These and other features allow the CenTraVac to meet or exceed the rigorous criteria of
SAE HS-1738, which provides for consistency of design, purchasing, and use of electrical
industry machinery and equipment for the global market.
© 2008 Trane All Rights Reserved
Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Unit Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
System Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Application Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Selection Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Performance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Job Site Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Standard Conversion Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
3
Introduction
The Trane Name
System Design Flexibility
When a source of energy other than electricity is required, the Trane CenTraVac™ has
a pre-engineered control option that allows it to be coupled to a Waukesha Enginator.
The Gas-Powered Chiller (GPC) option allows you to convert natural gas to chilled water.
With Coefficients of Performance (COPs) in the range of 1.5 to 2.2, this option is a very
simple and attractive choice when an alternative fuel source is desired.
The CenTraVac chiller and Waukesha engine are capable of both base and peak
shaving. Further, the packaging of the GPC allows for the engine to be set remote from
the chiller. This is helpful in situations when floor space or sound sensitive areas are
being considered.
Note: The design of the Gas-Powered CenTraVac was developed with the assistance
of the Gas Technology Institute.
Unmatched Local Expertise
The performance and reliability of a CenTraVac chiller is backed by a local team
of engineers. These engineers can help answer your questions or solve your problems
regarding system design application, installation, or evaluation equipment alternatives.
No other manufacturer can offer that degree of support to its customers.
Delivery and Design Flexibility
If delivery time is a priority, Trane can meet your needs with a variety of quick
shipment choices.
Design flexibility means that Trane can custom build a unit to specific job requirements.
Design parameters such as shell type, compressor, waterside pressure drop, as well
as full- and part-load performance can be built to meet requirements.
ISO 9001 Certification
ISO 9001 Certified Quality System applies to the Trane La Crosse Business Unit. The
system documents office, manufacturing, and testing procedures for maximum
consistency in meeting or exceeding customer expectations. ISO 9001 requires extensive
documentation on how quality assurance activities are managed, performed, and
continuously monitored. Included in the system are verification checkpoints from the
time the order is entered until final shipment. In addition, product development is
subjected to formal planning, review, and validation.
4
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Introduction
The Trane Name
Certified ARI Performance
Trane centrifugal chillers are rated within the scope of the ARI program and display
the ARI symbol of compliance to certification sections of ARI Standard 550/590.
The EarthWise™ purge is rated in accordance with ARI Standard 580.
The applications in this catalog specifically excluded from the ARI certification
program are:
• Free cooling
• Heat recovery
• Auxiliary condenser
• Low temperature applications,
including ice storage
• Glycol and brines
• 60 Hz chillers above 2000 tons
• 50 Hz chillers above 1500 tons
and/or 5000 volts
and/or 5000 volts
Note: 50/60 Hz chillers above 2500 tons and/or 5000 volts effective July 2008.
District Cooling
Trane Adaptive Control™ algorithms and multistage design allow all CenTraVac™chillers
to operate at low leaving water temperatures without the use of glycol or other freeze
inhibitors. This reduces the cost of delivering cooling capacity over long distances.
Pre-engineered thermal storage systems using Trane chillers extend the chillers
exceptional reliability to the rest of the district cooling plant.
Turbine Inlet Cooling
Trane chillers are frequently used in conjunction with combustion turbines to increase
the power capacity, efficiency, and life of the turbine. Turbine inlet cooling can eliminate
the need for inlet water spray to reduce NOx emissions. With turbine inlet cooling, plants
can delay or even avoid the need for additional turbines because more capacity is
obtainable from existing turbines.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
5
Features and Benefits
Features and Benefits
Comparing the Attributes of Low Pressure Chiller
Operation to High Pressure Chiller Operation
Trane CenTraVac™ chillers continue to offer time-tested and proven low-pressure
refrigerants, including environmental friendly HCFC-123. Trane CenTraVac chillers
provide the safety of low pressure with continued product improvement in leak proof
design. Consider the benefits of low-pressure over high-pressure chillers:
Table 1. Low pressure to high pressure comparison at ARI conditions
Evaporator
Low Pressure
Medium/High Pressure
• Always at negative pressure
• Always at positive pressure
• Air leaks inward at low rate
• Refrigerant leaks outward at moderate rate
• Refrigerant lost: (# air leak in) x purge
efficiency(a)
• Refrigerant loss is into equipment room
• No refrigerant loss into equipment room
(vented to the relief line via purge)
Condenser
• Usually at negative pressure during inactivity
(air leaks inward)
• Always at high positive pressure
• At slightly positive pressure during operation
Monitoring of
leak rate
• Refrigerant leaks outward at very low rate
during operation
• Refrigerant leaks outward at very high rate
• Trane EarthWise™ purge is able to continuously
monitor in-leakage with the run meter.
• Only ways to monitor leak rate on high pressure
chiller are:
• periodic leak checks
• purchase refrigerant monitor
• Refrigerant monitor as required by ASHRAE.
• Purge can be connected to a building automation
system for notification of increased purge
operation (in-leak). Similarly, the refrigerant
monitor can be connected to the building
automation system.
Typical
Pressures
(38°F evap.)
(100°F cond.)
• Refrigerant monitor as required by ASHRAE.
• Normally the only time that a leak is detected
on a high pressure chiller is during spring startup.
This means that a chiller which develops a leak
in the summer may leak continuously until the
following spring.
HCFC-123
HFC-134a
Evap: -9.2 psig (-18.1 in. Hg)
Evap: 33.1 psig
Cond: 6.1 psig
Cond: 124.1 psig
(a) Trane EarthWise purge efficiency does not exceed 0.02 lb·refrigerant/lb·air
6
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Features and Benefits
Standard and Optional Features
Standard Features
The following features are provided as standard with all Trane CenTraVac™ chillers:
•
Isolation pads.
•
Oil heater.
•
Tracer™ chiller control strategies.
•
Oil and refrigerant charge.
•
Purge capability when chiller is off.
•
•
Two-stage or single-stage economizer.
Ability to meet or exceed ASHRAE
90.1-2004.
•
Prewired instrument and control panel.
•
Complies with ASHRAE Standard 147.
•
Phase voltage sensors (3-phase).
•
•
Startup and operator instruction
service.
Motor control and compressor
protection.
•
High efficiency purge system with
automatic regeneration capability.
Hot water control and ice-making
control.
•
Low-pressure operation that
minimizes the chance for outward
refrigerant leaks.
Wiring and conduit for purge and
oil system interconnection to the
main control panel.
•
On-line tolerance for quick changes
in refrigerant loop conditions, variable
pumping strategies, and other atypical
operating requirements.
•
Entering condenser water temperature
down to 50°F (10°C) maintaining 3 psid
differential pressure.
•
Designed to be rugged and simple
yet amazingly quiet, the CenTraVac
is directly driven at low speed with
a motor shaft that is supported by
two aircraft-turbine-rated bearings.
The design includes industrial-grade
components and only one primary
moving part. Likewise, the design
purposely excludes speed-increasing
gears and lightweight parts that,
while accessible, have a higher
failure rate.
•
•
•
•
Minimum 5 year leak-tight warranty
based on service documentation
of leak rates 0.5 percent per year of
the chiller’s refrigerant charge.
Extendable to the lifetime of the
chiller with a Trane service contract.
Hermetically sealed and precision
cooled by liquid refrigerant that keeps
the motor, drive, and equipment room
temperatures controlled, monitored,
and predictable by design. Taking
predictable reliability to yet another
level, this feature also protects against
motor-destroying elements such as
dust, grit, metal shavings, high
humidity, high ambient operating
temperatures, and process liquids
or gases.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
7
Features and Benefits
Standard and Optional Features
Optional Features
Trane offers a selection of optional features to augment the standard chiller installation
or to modify the chiller for special purpose applications.
•
Spring isolators
•
UL label
•
Refrigerant monitor
•
Variable-speed drives
•
Industrial paint option
•
Enhanced condenser limit control
•
SAE HS-1738 compliance
•
Factory-applied thermal insulation
•
Chiller break apart (disassembly)
•
•
Three-pass or one-pass evaporator
Industrial high-fault, 100,000
short-circuit rating (SCR) starters
•
High-pressure (300 psig) water side
construction
•
Building automation system
(BAS) interface
•
Medium-voltage (over 600 volts)
compressor motor
•
Industrial packaging of controls
and electrical wiring
•
Energy saving free cooling, heat
recovery, or auxiliary condenser
•
Marine waterboxes for evaporators
and condensers
•
Leaving water temperature down
to 34°F (1.1°C) without glycol
•
Proof of predicted performance
and sound pressures
•
Chilled-water reset based upon
outside air temperature
•
•
Special paint and controls for outdoor
use or corrosive environments
Extended operation control for
external ice-building, base loading,
and providing hot-water
•
Complete line of compressor motor
starters—factory installed and
prewired if unit-mounted
•
8
Special tubing: smooth bore, CuNi,
and various tube wall thicknesses
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Features and Benefits
Factory Testing for Assured Performance
CenTraVac™ chillers that fall within ARI Std 550/590 requirements bare the ARI seal.
All other CenTraVac chillers, and the selection software itself, are rated in accordance
to the standard and fulfill identical performance requirements. Performance testing is
a key part of this program. While the certification program is technically sound, a factory
run test, with your machine on the test stand, is still the best way to confirm chiller
performance and a trouble-free startup.
To prove that your chiller will perform as promised, Trane offers factory performance
testing, which you can witness. Testing confirms chiller efficiency, chiller capacity,
and makes trouble-free startup significantly more predictable.
Testing is in accordance with ARI Standard 550/590 and calibration of instrumentation
meets or exceeds the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST).
Trane offers two levels of CenTraVac™ performance testing:
•
A performance test at design conditions plus a certified test report
•
A customer-witnessed performance test at design conditions plus a certified
test report
During customer witnessed performance tests of Trane CenTraVac chillers, a
nickel can be balanced on the edge of the compressor-motor assembly.This
demonstrates the extremely low vibrations generated by the unit while operating
at full- and part-load conditions.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
9
Features and Benefits
Refrigeration Cycle
The CenTraVac Chiller Operating Cycle
Three-Stage Refrigerant Flow
Two-Stage Refrigerant Flow
CenTraVac Motor
The motor provided in the Trane CenTraVac™chiller is a specially designed squirrel-cage,
two-pole induction motor suitable for 50 and 60 hertz, three-phase current.
Trane CenTraVac motors are cooled by liquid refrigerant surrounding the motor windings
and rotor. Using liquid refrigerant results in uniform low temperatures throughout
the motor, which prolongs motor life over open designs.
Design Simplicity
Impellers are keyed directly to the motor shaft for high reliability, performance,
and low life-cycle costs.
Fixed Orifice Flow Control
For proper refrigerant flow control at all load conditions, the CenTraVac design
incorporates the Trane patented fixed orifice system. It eliminates float valves,
thermal expansion valves, and other moving parts. Since there are no moving
parts, reliability is increased.
Quiet Operation
With only one primary rotating component—the rotor and impeller assembly—the
Trane low speed, direct-drive design operates exceptionally quiet. The smoothly rotating
CenTraVac compressor is inherently quieter than gear-driven compressors. Typical
CenTraVac chiller sound measurements are among the quietest in the industry. Trane
can guarantee sound levels with factory testing and measurements in accordance
with ARI Standard 575.
10
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Features and Benefits
Refrigeration Cycle
The Reliability Standard
Just as a multistage turbine is more efficient than a single-stage turbine, the CenTraVac™
multistage compressors are more efficient and reliable than single-stage designs.
Direct-Drive Design—No Gear Losses
The direct-drive compressor operates without speed-increasing gears, thus
eliminating gear energy losses. Compressors using gears suffer mesh losses and
extra bearing losses in the range of three to five percent at full load. Since these
losses are fairly constant over the load range, increasingly larger percentage losses
result as load decreases.
Multiple Stages of Compression
The compressor operates more efficiently over a wide range of capacities, virtually
eliminating the need for energy wasting hot-gas bypass as typically found on
single-stage chillers.
The radial component of velocity determines the ability of the chiller to resist interruption
of smooth refrigerant flow when operating at light loads with high condensing
temperatures. This interruption in flow and unstable operation, called “surge,” is avoided
with the two-stage design.
Inlet Guide Vanes
Part-load performance is further improved through the use of moveable inlet guide
vanes. Inlet guide vanes improve performance by throttling refrigerant gas flow
to exactly meet part-load requirements and by prerotating refrigerant gas for optimum
entry into the impeller. Prerotation of refrigerant gas minimizes turbulence
and increases efficiency.
Two-Stage Economizer
The CVHE/CVHG CenTraVac chiller has a two-stage economizer—providing up to
seven percent greater efficiency than designs with no economizer. Since the CVHE/CVHG
uses three impellers, it is possible to flash refrigerant gas at two intermediate pressures
between the evaporator and condenser, significantly increasing chiller efficiency.
This improvement in efficiency is not possible in single-stage chillers because all
compression is done by one impeller.
Single-Stage Economizer
The CVHF CenTraVac chiller has a single-stage economizer—providing up to 4½ percent
greater efficiency than designs with no economizer.
Since the CVHF CenTraVac uses two impellers, it is possible to flash refrigerant gas
at an intermediate pressure between the evaporator and condenser, significantly
increasing chiller efficiency. This improvement in efficiency is not possible in single-stage
chillers because all compression is done by one impeller.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
11
Features and Benefits
Refrigeration Cycle
Refrigerant/Oil Pump Motor
The oil pump motor is a 120 volt, 50/60 hertz, ¾ hp, 1–phase motor with protective
fusing and panel mounted contactor.
EarthWise Purge System
The new purge design features a high-efficiency carbon filter with an automatic
regeneration cycle. The filter collects and scrubs refrigerant and noncondensable
gas and returns collected refrigerant vapor back into the chiller. When the tank senses
that it is full, the regeneration cycle begins, and reclaimed refrigerant is automatically
returned to the chiller. This keeps the purge efficiency at its peak without the need
to exchange carbon cannisters.
Normal operating efficiency does not exceed 0.02 pound of refrigerant lost per pound
of dry air removed. The purge system can be operated at any time, independent of chiller
operation, per ASHRAE Standard 147.
P
c
P
1
P
2
P
e
Three-stage CenTraVac P-H diagram
Figure 2.
CONDENSER
TWO-STAGE ECONOMIZER
TWO-STAGE ECONOMIZER
EVAPORATOR
RE
RE'
COMPRESSOR
THIRD STAGE
COMPRESSOR
SECOND STAGE
COMPRESSOR
FIRST STAGE
PRESSURE PSI
PRESSURE (PSI)
Figure 1.
6
Pc
P
1
Pe
Two-stage CenTraVac P-H diagram
8
1
CONDENSER
4
COMPRESSOR
SECOND STAGE
ONE-STAGE ECONOMIZER
EVAPORATOR
3
COMPRESSOR
FIRST STAGE
2
RE
RE'
(NO ECONOMIZER)
ENTHALPHY (Btu/lbm)
ENTHALPY, BTU/lBM
CenTraVac Two-Stage and Three-Stage P-H Diagrams
The pressure-enthalphy (P-H) diagrams describe refrigerant flow through the major
chiller components. The diagrams confirm the superior operating cycle efficiency
of the three-and two-stage compressor with economizer, respectively.
Evaporator—A liquid-gas refrigerant mixture enters the evaporator (point 1). Liquid
refrigerant is vaporized (point 2) as it absorbs heat from the system cooling load.
The vaporized refrigerant then flows into the compressor’s first stage.
Compressor First Stage—Refrigerant gas is drawn from the evaporator into
the first stage compressor. The first-stage impeller accelerates the gas increasing
its temperature and pressure (point 3).
12
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Features and Benefits
Refrigeration Cycle
Compressor Second Stage—Refrigerant gas leaving the first-stage compressor
is mixed with cooler refrigerant gas from the low pressure side of the two- or single-stage
economizer. This mixing lowers the enthalpy of the mixture entering the second stage.
The second- stage impeller accelerates the gas, further increasing its temperature
and pressure (point 4).
Compressor Third Stage—For CenTraVac™ chillers with three-stage compression,
the refrigerant gas leaving the compressor’s second-stage is mixed with cooler
refrigerant gas from the high pressure side of the two-stage economizer. This mixing
lowers the enthalpy of the gas mixture entering the third-stage compressor. The
third-stage impeller accelerates the gas, further increasing its temperature and pressure
(point 5), then discharges it to the condenser.
Condenser—Refrigerant gas enters the condenser where the system cooling load
and heat of compression are rejected to the condenser water circuit. This heat rejection
cools and condenses the refrigerant gas to a liquid (point 6).
For three-stage CenTraVac chillers with the patented two-stage economizer and
refrigerant orifice system, liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser (Figure 1, point 6)
flows through the first orifice and enters the high pressure side of the economizer.
The purpose of this orifice and economizer is to preflash a small amount of refrigerant
at an intermediate pressure (P1). Preflashing some liquid refrigerant cools the
remaining liquid (point 7).
Refrigerant leaving the first stage economizer flows through the second orifice and
enters the second- stage economizer. Some refrigerant is preflashed at intermediate
pressure (P2). Preflashing the liquid refrigerant cools the remaining liquid (point 8).
To complete the operating cycle, liquid refrigerant leaving the economizer (point 8) flows
through a third orifice system. Here, refrigerant pressure and temperature are reduced
to evaporator conditions (point 1).
For two-stage CenTraVac chillers with economizer and refrigerant orifice system, liquid
refrigerant leaving the condenser (Figure 2, point 6) flows through the first orifice system
and enters the economizer. The purpose of the orifice and economizer is to preflash
a small amount of refrigerant at an intermediate pressure (P1) between the evaporator
and condenser. Preflashing some liquid refrigerant cools the remaining liquid (point 8).
Another benefit of flashing refrigerant is to increase the total evaporator refrigeration
effect from RE1 to RE. The economizer of two-stage CenTraVac chillers provides a 4½
percent energy savings and the two-stage economizer of the three-stage CenTraVac
chillers provides a 7 percent energy savings, compared to chillers with no economizer.
To complete the operating cycle, liquid refrigerant leaving the economizer (point 8)
flows through a second orifice system. Here, refrigerant pressure and temperature
are reduced to evaporator conditions (point 1).
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
13
Unit Options
Starters
Unit Options
A Wide Array of Low- and Medium-Voltage Starters
Trane starters can be applied to low- or medium-voltage applications. The current
draw of the compressor motor determines the size of the starter. The starter size must
be greater than, or equal to, the compressor motor current draw.
Low Voltage (200 to 600 volts)
•
Solid-state starters
•
Adaptive Frequency Drive
•
Wye (star)-delta closed transition
Industrial High-Fault Remote Solid-State Starters (IHRS)
•
•
•
SAE HS-1738
Flanged disconnect
100,000 short-circuit rating
•
•
Up to 600 volts
NEMA 12 ≤ 960 amps
•
•
Non-flanged disconnect
NEMA 1, 961 to 1,600 amps
•
•
•
NEMA 12 option
SAE HS-1738 option
Autotransformer, closed transition
High-Fault Remote Wye-Delta Starters (HRWD)
•
•
Up to 480 volts
100,000 short-circuit rating
Medium-Voltage Starters (2,300–6,600 V)
•
•
•
14
Full voltage
Flanged disconnect
Primary reactor, closed transition
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Starters
Factory Installed or Remote-Mounted Starters
All factory installed or remote-mounted starters provided by Trane offer the following
standard features for safe, efficient application and ease of installation:
Standard Features
•
•
•
•
NEMA 1 starter enclosure.
Starter enclosures capable
of being padlocked.
120 volt, 60 hertz, 1-phase
fused pilot and safety circuits.
•
•
•
3-phase incoming line terminals.
6 output load terminals (3 for mediumvoltage) factory connected to the motor.
Automatic closed-transition transfer
from wye to delta on any two-step
starter (unit-mounted).
Control power transformer
(4 kVA) producing 120 volt,
50 or 60 hertz, single-phase.
•
One pilot relay to initiate start sequence
from CenTraVac™ control circuit signal.
•
•
Ground fault protection.
Digital metering devices.
•
•
Special NEMA enclosures.
Analog ammeters and voltmeters.
•
•
Surge protector/lighting arrestor.
•
•
Standard, high interrupt, and higher
interrupt circuit breakers that are
mechanically interlocked to disconnect
line power when the starter door is open.
Optional Features
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
Special function pilot lights.
Current limiting circuit breakers
incorporating fuse links that disconnect
line power in the event the interrupting
capacity is exceeded.
15
Unit Options
Starters
Factory-Installed Starters:
Figure 3.
•
Eliminates chiller-to-starter field wiring
•
Reduces starter installation costs
20 to 35 percent
•
Complete package available with
UL, UL/EEV, or UL/California code
agency approval
•
Factory quality control of
the starter-to-chiller electrical
connections
Eliminates starter mounting-pad
and required equipment room
floor space
•
•
Eliminates field-installed
disconnect switch (when
optional circuit breaker is used)
Eliminates starter-to-disconnect
switch field wiring (when optimal
circuit breaker is used)
•
•
Reduces the number of field
electrical connections
Reduces system design time-starter
components and interconnecting
wiring are pre-engineered and selected
•
Enhances electrical system
reliability
•
Factory-tested chiller/starter
combination
•
Optimizes control of the
CenTraVac™ motor/compressor
start and protection subsystem
•
Typical equipment room layoutconventional remote Wye-Delta starter
Figure 4.
Typical equipment room layout unitmounted Wye-Delta starter
Line-Side Power Conduit
Line-Side Power Conduit (Field Provided)
Disconnect Switch
Unit Mounted Starter
with Circuit Breaker
Concrete Pad
Control Circuit Wire (Factory Wired)
Wye-Delta
Closed Transition
Load-Side Power Conduit
Starter
Control Panel
Control Wire Conduit
Control Panel
Motor Junction Box
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Low-Voltage Starters
Wye (Star)-Delta Starters
One type of low-voltage starter that can be unit-mounted is a wye (star)-delta,
closed-transition, reduced-voltage starter as shown in Figures 3 and 4. When starting
and during acceleration, the motor is connected in its wye configuration. Because of
this arrangement, the voltage applied to the motor windings is reduced to the inverse
of the square root of three or 0.58 times line voltage. This reduction in winding voltage
results in a reduction in inrush current. The inrush current is 0.33 times the full-voltage
locked rotor current rating of the motor. The accelerating torque of the motor is also
reduced to 33 percent the full-voltage torque rating, which is sufficient to fully accelerate
the compressor motor. The chiller controller monitors the motor current during
operation via current transformers located in the starter enclosure. During acceleration,
when the line current drops to approximately 0.85 times rated load current, transition
is initiated. The closed transition feature provides for a continuous motor current flow
during transition by placing resistors in the circuit momentarily. This prevents the motor
from losing phase to the line current during this period. With the completion of transition,
the motor windings are connected in the delta configuration with full line voltage.
Standard Motor Protection
Three precision current transformers monitor phase current. Contactor position and
various voltage signals provide extensive interlocking between the starter and the
chiller controller. All logic and subsequent instruction originate in the chiller controller.
Protection against the following starter detections is provided:
• Loss of phase
• Phase reversal
• Distribution fault
• Improper starter circuitry
• Excessive accelerating time
• Phase amperage unbalance
• Incomplete starting sequence
• High motor current (starting
and running)
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Unit Options
Low-Voltage Starters
Solid-State Starters
A solid-state starter controls the starting characteristics of a motor by controlling
the voltage to the motor. It does so through the use of SCRs (Silicon Controlled
Rectifiers), which are solid-state switching devices, and an integral bypass contactor
for power control.
Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR)
An SCR will conduct current in one direction only when a control signal (gate signal)
is applied. Because the solid-state starter is for use on AC (alternating current), two SCRs
per phase are connected in parallel, opposing each other so that current may flow in
both directions. For three-phase loads, a full six-SCR configuration is used.
During starting, control of current or acceleration time is achieved by gating the SCR
on at different times within the half-cycle. The gate pulses are originally applied late
in the half-cycle and then gradually applied sooner in the half-cycle. If the gate pulse
is applied late in the cycle, only a small increment of the wave form is passed
through, and the output is low.
If the gate pulse is applied sooner in the cycle, a greater increment of the wave form
is passed through, and the output is increased. So, by controlling the SCRs output
voltage, the motors acceleration characteristic and current inrush can be controlled.
Integral Bypass Contactors
When the SCRs are fully “phased on,” the integral bypass contactors are energized.
The current flow is transferred from the power pole to the contactors. This reduces
the energy loss associated with the power pole, which otherwise is about one watt
per amp per phase.
When the starter is given the stop command, the bypass contactors are de-energized,
which transfers the current flow from the contactors back to the power poles.
The SCRs are then turned off, and the current flow stops.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Adaptive Frequency Drive
Adaptive Frequency Drive
Benefits
Trane Adaptive Frequency™ Drives (AFDs) provide motor control, but they are much
more than just starters. They also control the operating speed of the chiller compressor
motor by regulating output voltage in proportion to output frequency. Varying the speed
of the compressor motor can translate into significant energy cost savings.
Reliable, Optimized Compressor Efficiency for Energy Savings
Conventional chillers use inlet vanes to provide stable operation at part-load conditions.
Capacity is reduced by closing the vanes while maintaining a constant motor speed.
A frequency drive can be used to significantly reduce power consumption by reducing
motor speed at low-load and low-lift conditions. Trane patented AFD Adaptive Control™
logic safely allows inlet guide vane and speed control combinations that optimize
part-load performance.
Application
Certain system characteristics favor installation of an AFD because of energy cost
savings and shorter payback. These systems include: condenser water temperature
relief, chilled-water reset, and utilities with high kWh and low kW demand rates.
Condenser Water Temperature Relief or Chilled-Water Reset
Compressor lift reduction is required for a chiller application, both to provide stable
chiller significant operating hours with compressor lift reduction is required to achieve
greater energy savings. Intelligent control to reduce condenser water temperature, or
chilled-water reset strategies, are key to AFD savings in chiller applications.
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Unit Options
Adaptive Frequency Drive
High Operating Hours with Relief
Figure 5 is based on a CVHF485, 500-ton load at 42/54, 3 gpmc/ton demonstrates
the energy savings of an AFD chiller with condenser water relief. Figure 5 shows
that the more operating hours the machine has, the more energy the AFD saves
and the payback time is reduced.
Figure 5.
CVHF485 energy demand with/without AFD
High kW Demand Charges
Electric utility bills normally include both peak-based and consumption-based energy
components. The demand or distribution charges are still significant portions of the
energy bill, even in deregulated markets. These charges are established by usage during
utility peak hours, by individual peak usage, or a combination. This portion may or
may not be influenced by installation of an AFD, because an AFD-equipped chiller draws
more power at full load. If the peak chiller load coincides with utility peak hours, then
the peak-based portion of the energy bill will increase.
The energy or kWh portion will almost certainly be reduced because of the improved
efficiency of the chiller plant during part-load and part-lift conditions throughout the year.
The greater the kWh charge, and the smaller demand or distribution charges, the shorter
the payback.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Adaptive Frequency Drive
Operation
The Trane AFD controls the speed of the chiller compressor by regulating the output
voltage in proportion to the output frequency as required by compressor motor.
Motor speed is proportional to this applied frequency.
The Trane AFD is a voltage source, pulse-width modulated (PWM) design. It consists
of three basic power sections:
•
Rectifier — An IGBT active rectifier takes incoming AC power and converts it
to a fixed DC voltage. This rectifier significantly reduces the amount of ripple
on the DC bus.
•
DC bus — Uses capacitors to store DC power from the rectifier until it’s needed
by the inverter.
•
Inverter — Converts the DC bus voltage into a sinusoidal synthesized output AC
voltage using PWM. This synthesized output controls both the voltage and frequency
which is applied to the motor.
All Trane CenTraVac™ Chillers with AFDs use integrated active rectification control.
TDD (total demand distortion) measured at the drive is limited to 5% or less.
Patented Adaptive Control
A fourth element of AFD design is the microprocessor control logic which is the
intelligence for the power section. It also includes all feedback sensors required
for stability in the system and any required shutdown due to a fault.
The combination of speed control and inlet guide-vane (IGV) position is optimized
mathematically and controlled simultaneously. The microprocessor performance
allows the chiller to operate longer at higher efficiency with greater stability.
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21
Unit Options
Adaptive Frequency Drive
Simultaneously adjusts inlet guide vanes and speed to spend more hours at
optimum efficiency
AFD speed and IGV position are simultaneously adjusted
to meet the dual requirements of water-temperature
control and efficiency. The Tracer chiller controller
adjusts speed unconditionally—it does not have to
wait for evaporator leaving water-temperature control
to reach setpoint or for a stable cooling load.
The Tracer™ chiller controller will adjust speed as
needed to track changing load or water-loop conditions.
At the same time, it adjusts the inlet guide vanes
to prevent the water temperature from deviating
from setpoint.
When the vanes are fully open, the compressor speed
is controlling the water temperature. Reducing the chiller
load or increasing the head conditions will cause the
compressor to move toward a surge condition.
When conditions are within the surge boundary, inlet vanes and speed will modulate
simultaneously to control both surge margin and chiller capacity.
Mathematically optimizes inlet guide vanes and speed
The Tracer™chiller controller will reduce speed until the surge pressure coefficient
boundary is reached. Periodically, the AFD speed control will evaluate whether the
boundary should be optimized. If optimization is required, the pressure-coefficient
boundary will be raised until surge is detected. Upon surge, the boundary will be reset
and surge recovery will occur. The decision to optimize is based on whether the vane
position has changed by an amount greater than the optimization sensitivity and the
elapsed time since the last optimization was done. After the new boundary is established,
speed control will make adjustments to follow the boundary as conditions change.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Adaptive Frequency Drive
Instability is not an issue
•
Short chilled-water loop—Feedforward control cancels out the effect of
short water loops.
•
Rapid changes in load—Feedforward control improves chilled-water
temperature response.
•
Variable water flow designs—Work in conjunction with an AFD, provided
the chiller control is a Tracer chiller controller with the variable-flow compensation
option installed. Chiller control with rapid water-flow variations and large turndown
have been demonstrated with and without variable frequency drives.
•
Parallel chiller with poor control is causing temperature variations— The
Tracer chiller controller changes speed and adjusts cooling load at the same time.
Even if there is a poorly controlled chiller in parallel, a CTV with a Tracer chiller
controller will maintain excellent water-temperature control at the best efficiency.
•
Waiting for leaving temperature to exceed threshold—The Tracer chiller
controller responds to the surge boundary based on the current differential operating
pressure and not the entering/leaving water temperatures, making instantaneous
corrections to speed and vane settings as conditions change.
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Unit Options
Medium-Voltage Starters
Factory-Installed AMPGARD Medium-Voltage Starters
The AMPGARD™ medium-voltage starter family by Cutler-Hammer™, built to Trane
specifications, is available as a factory-installed option for use with CenTraVac™ chillers.
Trane mounts, wires, and tests 2300–6600 volt starters at the factory, so you don’t have
to. This reduces, or eliminates altogether, the time, expense, and any added risk
associated with having the starter installed and wired at the job site.
AMPGARD reduces starter size to nearly half
Medium-voltage starters have traditionally been freestanding due to their large size and
weight. Not until recent advances in contactor technology and component layout have
medium-voltage starters been small enough to make unit-mounting feasible. This way,
the starter becomes an integral part of the chiller, saving on equipment floor space.
Advantages of a Medium-Voltage Starter
The things to consider when selecting a starter include: line voltage, available current,
first cost, reliability, and installation. Unit-mounted medium voltage starters from Trane
are offered in three starter types. All three starters provide the torque required to meet
the needs of starting the chiller compressor, however, the magnitude of inrush-current
control that each starter has is different from one starter type to another. The starter
inrush-current rating is factored as a percentage of locked rotor amps (LRA). When
choosing the starter type, the system designer considers the starter inrush current, motor
voltage, and motor current draw, for compatibility with the rest of the power system.
Across-the-Line (Full Voltage)
An across-the-line starter is the smallest medium-voltage starter option. These starters
draw the highest inrush current at startup (100% of LRA), and have the shortest
acceleration time (3–5 seconds).
Across-the-line starters make sense in medium-voltage applications
The rules for selecting a starter type for medium-voltage applications are different
than for low-voltage. In low-voltage applications, across-the-line starters are seldom
used because of their high inrush current. Because medium-voltage motors use less
current, the inrush is lower. This makes across-the-line a reasonable choice for many
medium-voltage applications. For more sensitive applications, reduced-voltage starter
types such as primary reactor and autotransformer are also available to unit-mount
on the CenTraVac chiller.
Primary Reactor
Primary reactor type starters have an inrush current draw of 65 percent of LRA at startup.
Their acceleration time (3–8 seconds) is slightly higher than an across-the-line starter.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Medium-Voltage Starters
Autotransformer
Autotransformer starters have the lowest inrush current draw of 45 percent of LRA
at startup. They have an acceleration time of 3–8 seconds.
Standard Features
•
•
•
•
UL approved
Unit-mounted or remote-mounted
Non-load-break isolation switch
and current limiting fuses
NEMA Class E2 fused
interrupting ratings
200 MVA @3000 V
400 MVA @4600 V
750 MVA @6600 V
•
•
•
•
Voltage range of 2300–6600 volts
Factory installed (unit-mounted only)
Types: Across-the-line (full voltage),
primary reactor, autotransformer
Phase voltage sensors for kW, volts/
phase protection, under/overvoltage
•
Cutler-Hammer™ AMPGARD™,
designed and built to Trane
specifications
•
Factory-installed power factor
correction capacitors sized specific
to the motor, factory-wired and mounted
inside the starter
Optional Features
•
IQ300 and IQDP 4130 electrical
metering packages
•
Ground fault protection
INDP Options
Customers who purchase the Industrial Package have additional electrical options.
These options can be applied to remote-mounted medium-voltage starters, both from
Trane and other starter manufacturers.
CPTR, Control Power Transformer (INDP option)
Unit-mounted, factory-wired, separate enclosure mounted next to the control panel with:
• Flanged disconnect
• UL 508 Type 12 construction
• Secondary fuse status indictor
• 4 kVA control power transformer
(blown or not-blown)
(480 to 115 volts)
• Fused primary and secondary power
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Unit Options
Medium-Voltage Starters
SMP, Supplemental Motor Protection (INDP option)
Unit-mounted, factory-wired, separate enclosure mounted to the motor with:
• Surge capacitors
• Lightning arrestors
• Field-accessible terminal block
• Zero-sequence ground fault
for trouble-shooting via panel
• UL 347 tested Type 12 construction
DMP, Differential Motor Protection (SMP option)
DMP replaces the zero-sequence ground fault protection. Instead, it uses a
flux-summation selfcompensating differential protection scheme for more quickly
and more precisely removing line power during a fault.
Note: DMP is available only for 1062 kW and larger motor sizes up to 5000 volts.
CVAC, Customer-Supplied Vacuum Circuit Breaker
•
•
Three-pole disconnect
Relays for vacuum circuit-breaker
starter type
•
•
Industrial terminal block
Secondary 120 to 30 volt PT’s
(for medium-voltage units)
Starter by Others
If CenTraVac starting equipment is provided by others, the starter must be designed
in accordance with the current Trane standard engineering specification “Water-Cooled
CenTraVac™ Starter Specification.” It is also recommended that two copies of the
interconnecting and control circuit wiring diagrams be forwarded to Trane for review.
This service is provided at no charge, and is intended to help minimize the possibility
that Trane CenTraVac chillers will be applied in improper starting and control systems.
However, the responsibility for providing proper starting and control systems remains
with the system designer and the installer.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Free Cooling
Free Cooling Allows Reduced Operating Costs
Consider a CenTraVac™ chiller option that can
provide up to 45 percent of the nominal chiller
capacity—without operating the compressor.
Think of the significant energy and cost
savings possible in many applications.
This option is available on most Trane chillers,
factory installed.
Free Cooling Schematic
Free cooling operation is based on the
principle that refrigerant migrates to the
area of lowest temperature. When condenser
water is available at temperatures lower
than the required leaving chilled-water
temperature, typically 50°F to 55°F (10°C to
12.8°C), the unit control panel starts the free
cooling cycle automatically.
When the free cooling cycle can no longer provide sufficient capacity to meet cooling
requirements, mechanical cooling is restarted automatically by the unit control panel.
For example, a building with a high internal cooling load is located in a climate with
cold winters. It is possible to cool the building exclusively with free cooling three to
six months of the year! Free cooling payback can easily be less than a year.
Free cooling is factory installed and requires no additional floor space or piping than
the standard CenTraVac chiller (unlike plate-frame heat exchangers).
Benefits
The Trane patented free cooling accessory for Trane CenTraVac™ chillers adapts the
basic chiller so it may function as a simple heat exchanger using refrigerant as the
working fluid. When condenser water is available at temperatures lower than the desired
chilled liquid temperature, free cooling can provide up to 45 percent of nominal chiller
capacity without operation of the compressor. This feature may result in substantial
energy cost savings on many installations.
Reliability
Two simple valves are the only moving parts.
Single-Source Responsibility
Free cooling is Trane engineered, manufactured, and installed.
Ease of Operation
Changeover on free cooling by single switch control.
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27
Unit Options
Free Cooling
Ease of Installation
Completely factory-installed and leak-tested components. All valve operators and
controls are factory wired.
Application
Modern buildings often require some form of year-round cooling to handle interior
zones, solar loads, or computer loads. As the outside air temperature decreases below
the inside air design temperature, it is often possible to use an outside air economizer
to satisfy the cooling requirements. There are a number of instances, however, where
CenTraVac™ free cooling offers a number of advantages over the use of an outside air
economizer. It is possible for the free cooling chiller to satisfy the cooling load for many
hours, days, or months during the fall, winter, or spring seasons without operation
of the compressor motor. This method of satisfying the cooling requirement can result
in significant total energy savings over other types of systems. The savings available
are most easily determined through the use of a computer energy analysis and economic
program, such as TRACE™ (Trane Air Conditioning and Economics).
The suitability of free cooling for any particular installation depends upon a number of
factors. The availability of low temperature condensing water, the quality of the outside
air, the type of airside system, the temperature and humidity control requirements, and
the cost of electricity all have a direct impact on the decision to use a free cooling chiller.
The use of CenTraVac™ free cooling depends on the availability of cold condenser water
from a cooling tower, river, lake, or pond. As a general rule of thumb, locations which
have a substantial number of days with ambient temperatures below 45°F (7.2°C) wet
bulb or more than 4000 degree-days per year are well suited to free cooling operation.
A cooling tower must be winterized for off-season operation and the minimum sump
temperature is limited by some cooling tower manufacturers. Cooling tower
manufacturers should be consulted for recommendations on low temperature
operation. With river, lake, or pond supply, condenser water temperatures down to
freezing levels are possible. Areas which have fouled air may be more conducive
to free cooling operation than the use of an outside air economizer.
Airside systems which both heat and cool the air can often effectively use a free
cooling chiller. Dual-duct, multizone, and reheat systems fall into this general category.
As the outside temperature begins to fall, the cool outside air satisfies the cooling
requirements (through an outside air economizer). As the outdoor air temperature
becomes very low, the outdoor air may need to be heated in order to maintain the
design supply air temperature when it is mixed with return air. This “heating penalty”
can be eliminated by using CenTraVac free cooling. Warm chilled-water temperatures
provided by the free cooling chiller would allow a warmer air temperature off the
chilled-water coils, eliminating the heating energy required by using only an outside
air economizer. With high cost electricity in most areas of the country, this heating
penalty can be very significant.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Unit Options
Free Cooling
Temperature and humidity control requirements are important considerations when
evaluating the use of CenTraVac free cooling. Low temperature outside air (from
the outside air economizer) often requires a large amount of energy for humidification
purposes. Free cooling operation helps to reduce these humidification costs on
many applications.
It is important to note that those applications which require extremely precise humidity
control typically cannot tolerate warmer than design chilled-water temperatures.
Therefore, since free cooling chillers normally deliver warmer than design chilled
water temperatures, free cooling operation is usually not applicable with systems
which require precise humidity control.
Free cooling is not used in conjunction with heat recovery systems, since mechanical
cooling must be used to recover heat that will be used elsewhere in the building
for simultaneous heating.
Operation
Free cooling operates on the principle that refrigerant flows to the area of lowest
temperature in the system. The Tracer™ system/Chiller Plant Manager (CPM) can
be used for automatic free cooling control. When condenser water is available at
a temperature lower than the required leaving chilled-water temperature, the CPM
starts the free cooling cycle. If the load cannot be satisfied with free cooling, the CPM
or a customer-supplied system can automatically switch to the powered cooling mode.
If desired, the chiller can be manually switched to the free cooling mode at the unit control
panel. Upon changeover to free cooling, the shutoff valves in the liquid and gas lines
are opened and a lockout circuit prevents compressor energization. Liquid refrigerant
drains from the storage tank into the evaporator, flooding the tube bundle. Since the
refrigerant temperature and pressure are higher in the evaporator than in the condenser,
due to the water temperature difference, the refrigerant gas boiled off in the evaporator
will flow to the condenser. The gas then condenses and flows by gravity back to the
evaporator. This automatic refrigeration cycle is sustained as long as a temperature
difference exists between the condenser water and evaporator water.
The difference in temperature between the condenser and evaporator determines the
rate of refrigerant flow between the two shells and hence the free cooling capacity.
If the system load becomes greater than the free cooling capacity either the operator
manually stops free cooling, a binary input from a customer-supplied system disables
free cooling, or the CPM can automatically perform this function. The gas and liquid
valves close and the compressor starts. Refrigerant gas is drawn out of the evaporator
by the compressor, compressed, and introduced into the condenser. Most of the
condensed liquid first takes the path of least resistance by flowing into the storage tank
which is vented to the high pressure economizer sump by a small bleed line. When
the storage tank is filled, liquid refrigerant must flow through the bleed line restriction.
The pressure drop through the bleed line is greater than that associated with the orifice
flow control device, hence liquid refrigerant flows normally from the condenser through
the orifice system and into the economizer.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
29
Unit Options
Free Cooling
The free cooling option consists of the following factory-installed or
supplied components:
• A liquid-refrigerant storage vessel
• Additional refrigerant charge
adjacent to the economizer
required for the free cooling cycle
•
Manual free cooling controls on
the unit control panel
•
A refrigerant gas line, including an
electrically actuated shutoff valve,
installed between the evaporator
and condenser
•
A valved-liquid return line, including
an electrically activated shutoff
valve, between the condenser sump
and evaporator
For specific information on free cooling applications, contact your local Trane
sales office.
Figure 6.
30
Compressor operation schematic
Figure 7.
Free cooling operation schematic
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
System Options
Heat Recovery
System Options
Heat Recovery
Use of the Heat Recovery CenTraVac™ can significantly reduce the energy operating
costs of many buildings by using heat which normally would be rejected to the
atmosphere. Typical uses for this heat are perimeter zone heating, reheat air
conditioning systems, and preheating domestic hot water. Any building with a
simultaneous heating and cooling load is a potential candidate.
Most heating applications require water temperatures higher than the 85°F to 95°F
(29.4°C to 35°C) typically sent to the cooling tower. Therefore, most heat recovery chillers
are required to produce higher leaving condenser water temperatures, and thus will not
duplicate the energy efficiencies of cooling-only machines. Figure 8, illustrates the typical
operating cycles of a cooling-only machine and a heat recovery machine.
The most noticeable differences are:
1. The pressure differential provided by the compressor is much greater for the
heat recovery cycle.
2. The amount of heat rejected from the heat recovery condenser is greater than
that which would be rejected in cooling-only operation.
Pressure (PSI)
3. There is a decrease in the refrigeration effect (RE). Higher condensing pressures
increase the intermediate pressure in the economizer. Therefore, the liquid in the
economizer has a higher enthalpy during the heat recovery mode than during
standard chiller operation and the refrigeration effect is slightly decreased.
Because of this decreased refrigeration effect, the compressor must pump more
gas per ton of refrigeration
Figure 8. Typical operating cycles
Enthalphy (Btu/lbm)
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System Options
Heat Recovery
The effect of this increased pressure differential and decreased refrigeration effect
is a heat recovery machine which has a higher kW/ton energy consumption during
heat recovery operation.
Typical catalog kW/ton for heat recovery machines operating in the heat recovery
mode range from .64 to .84 kW/ton compared to a range of .54 to .57 kW/ton for a
cooling-only machine. Not only can there be an energy consumption penalty paid
due to the inherent differences in operating cycles for heat recovery machines, but
traditional machine design can add to that energy handicap. A heat recovery machine’s
operating efficiency is penalized year-round by having the capability to produce high
heating water temperatures. Impellers are selected to produce the maximum required
refrigerant pressure difference between the evaporator and condenser, which is shown
in Figure 9. This means the impeller diameters are determined by the heat recovery
operating conditions.
The multistage compressor and advanced impeller design on the CenTraVac™ chiller
reduce this costly energy penalty. The higher lift and stability the multistage compressor
allows a closer match of impeller size for both the cooling only and heat recovery
operating conditions. In addition, the computer designed impellers and crossover are
designed to reduce losses as the kinetic energy of the refrigerant gas is converted
to static pressure.
Simultaneous Heating and Cooling
Figure 9.
The Trane Heat Recovery
CenTraVac chiller is an
excellent choice for
applications requiring
simultaneous heating
and cooling. CenTraVac
models save energy by
recovering heat normally
rejected to the atmosphere
and putting that energy to
use by providing space
heating, building hot
water, or process hot water.
Refrigerant pressure difference
This heat is provided at a fraction of conventional heating systems cost. A heat recovery
CenTraVac can provide 95°F to 120°F (35°C to 48.9°C) hot water depending upon the
operating conditions.Two separate condenser shells are used with the Heat Recovery
CenTraVac chiller. The heating circuit and cooling tower circuit are separate, preventing
cross contamination. Refrigerant gas from the compressor flows into both condenser
shells allowing heat rejection to one or both condenser water circuits.
The reliability of the Heat Recovery CenTraVac™ chiller has been proven in installations
around the world. This option is completely factory packaged.
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System Options
Heat Recovery
To further reduce the system energy requirements, the following design considerations
should be incorporated into any heat recovery system.
Heating Water Temperatures and Control
It is always desirable to use Figure 10. Heating water control
as low a heating water
temperature as the application
allows. Experience has
shown that a design heating
water temperature of 105°F
to 110°F (40.5°C to 43.3°C) can
satisfy most heating
requirements. Lower heating
water temperatures increase
the chiller operating efficiency
both in the heating mode and in the cooling mode. In general, the heat recovery power
consumption will increase 7 to 14 percent for every 10°F (-12.2°C) increase in the design
heating water temperature. A consideration which is just as important as the design
heating water temperature is how that temperature is controlled. In most cases, the
heating water temperature control should be designed to maintain the return heating
water temperature. By allowing the supply water temperature to float, the mean water
temperature in the system drops as the chiller load decreases and less heat is rejected
to the condenser. As the mean heating water temperature drops, so does the refrigerant
condensing temperature and pressure difference which the compressor is required to
produce at part load. This increases the unloading range of the compressor.
When the supply heating water temperature to the building system is maintained and the
return heating water temperature to the condenser is allowed to float, the mean heating
water temperature actually rises as the chiller load decreases and less heat is rejected
to the condenser. As Figure 10 illustrates, when the compressor unloads, the pressure
difference that it must oppose to prevent surging remains essentially the same, while the
compressors capability to handle the pressure difference decreases. Therefore, the
chiller’s capability to unload without the use of hot gas bypass is reduced.
Hot gas bypass artificially increases the load on the compressor by diverting refrigerant
gas from the condenser back to the compressor. Although hot gas bypass increases the
units power consumption by forcing the compressor to pump more refrigerant gas, it will
increase the heat available to recover for those applications where significant heating
loads remain as the cooling load decreases.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
33
System Options
Auxiliary Condenser
Auxiliary Condenser For Economical Heat Recovery
The Trane auxiliary
condenser provides
economical heat recovery
for applications with small
heating demand. The Trane
auxiliary condenser option
consists of a separate
condenser connected in
parallel with the standard
condenser to provide simple
heat recovery capability for
applications where full heat
recovery or high heating
water temperatures are not required. Decreased life cycle operating costs result through
use of the auxiliary condenser option because waste heat, which normally would be
rejected by the cooling tower circuit, is now used for building heating requirements.
Application
A simultaneous demand for heating and cooling is necessary to apply any heat recovery
system. Typical uses for this water include domestic water preheat, boiler makeup water
preheat, and reheat air conditioning systems and swimming pools. This is opposed to
traditional heat recovery applications where higher temperature water is used to satisfy
a building heating load, provide full heat input for domestic hot water, or provide the
typically larger flow rates of hot water for process applications. Building use is not limited
to the traditional heat recovery candidates. Schools, hospitals, office buildings, and
hotels have all proved to be excellent applications for the auxiliary condenser option.
Increased Chiller Efficiency
The auxiliary condenser not only captures energy otherwise lost, it also increases chiller
efficiency by increasing condenser heat transfer surface area and lowering the pressure
differential the compressor must generate. This is because the auxiliary condenser water
is always at a lower temperature than the standard condenser water.
Auxiliary condensers are available in standard and large. Because the auxiliary
condenser is a separate condenser, there is no cross contamination between the cooling
tower water and the heat recovery water circuits.
No temperature controls are required and auxiliary condensers come factory mounted.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
System Options
Auxiliary Condenser
Controls
The auxiliary condenser was designed for simplicity of operation. Machine load, water
flow rate, and temperature determine the amount of heat recovered. There are no
controls needed for heating water temperature because no attempt is made to maintain
a specific hot water temperature in or out of the auxiliary condenser.
Operation
The auxiliary condenser is a factory-mounted, separate, shell and tube heat exchanger
available on water-cooled CenTraVac™ chillers.
Because refrigerant gas always migrates to the area of lowest temperature, auxiliary
condenser operation is simple. As the discharge gas leaves the compressor, it an flow
to the auxiliary condenser or the standard condenser. Since water entering the auxiliary
condenser is normally colder than that entering the standard condenser, the auxiliary
condenser will have a lower bundle temperature and will attract the refrigerant gas.
The auxiliary condenser will recover as much heat as the machine cooling load, heating
water temperature, and flow rate will allow. All remaining heat will automatically be
rejected through the standard condenser to the atmosphere through the cooling tower.
No controls are needed to balance heat rejection in the two condensers.
Good system design will include a heated water bypass to ensure that water does not
circulate through the auxiliary condenser when the chiller is de-energized. There are
several ways to bypass the auxiliary condenser. When the hot water system is installed
as shown, the bypass is automatic if the heating water pump is interlocked with the
chiller compressor motor.
Another bypass arrangement is to install a diverting valve. When interlocked with
the compressor motor, this valve diverts the heating water flow to the conventional
heating system whenever the chiller is not operating. These are only examples of
the many ways available to accomplish a bypass.
Contact your local Trane sales office for further specific information.
Table 2. Auxiliary condenser flow limits and connection sizes
Auxiliary
Condenser
Two Pass
Internally Enhanced IECU
Low Fouling TLCU
Connection
Bundle
Minimum
Maximum
Minimum
Maximum
Size
Size
gpm
gpm
gpm
gpm
(in)
Standard (80)
74
276
69
194
5
Large (130)
121
453
112
318
5
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
35
System Options
Ice Storage
Ice Storage Provides Reduced Electrical Demand
An ice storage system uses a dual-duty chiller to make ice at night when utilities charge
less for electricity. The ice supplements or even replaces mechanical cooling during
the day when utility rates are at their highest. This reduced need for cooling results
in big utility cost savings.
Another advantage of ice storage is standby cooling capacity. If the chiller is unable
to operate, one or two days of ice may still be available to provide cooling. In that time
the chiller can be repaired before building occupants feel any loss of comfort.
The Trane CenTraVac™ chiller is uniquely suited for low temperature applications,
like ice storage, because it provides multiple stages of compression. Competitive chillers
provide only one stage. This allows the CenTraVac chiller to produce ice efficiently with
less stress on the machine.
Simple and smart control strategies are another advantage the CenTraVac chiller has
for ice storage applications. Trane Tracer™ building management systems can actually
anticipate how much ice needs to be made at night and operate the system accordingly.
The controls are integrated right into the chiller. Two wires and preprogrammed software
dramatically reduce field installation cost and complex programming.
Trane centrifugal chillers are well suited for ice production. The unique multi-stage
compressor design allows the lower suction temperatures required to produce ice
and the higher chiller efficiencies attributed to centrifugal chillers. Trane three-stage
and two-stage centrifugal chillers produce ice by supplying ice storage vessels with
a constant supply of 22°F to 24°F (-5.6°C to -4.4°C) glycol solution. Centrifugal chillers
selected for these lower leaving fluid temperatures are also selected for efficient
production of chilled fluid at nominal comfort cooling conditions. The ability of Trane
chillers to serve “double duty” in ice production and comfort cooling greatly reduces
the capital cost of ice storage systems.
A glycol solution is used to transfer heat from the ice storage tanks to the centrifugal
chiller and from the cooling coils to either the chiller or the ice storage tanks. The use
of a freeze protected solution eliminates the design time, field construction cost, large
refrigerant charges, and leaks associated with ice plants. Ice is produced by circulating
20°F to 25°F (-5.6°C to -4.4°C) glycol solution through modular insulated ice storage tanks.
Each tank contains a heat exchanger constructed of polyethylene tubing. Water in each
tank is completely frozen with no need for agitation. The problems of ice bridging and
air pumps are eliminated.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
System Options
Ice Storage
When cooling is required, ice chilled glycol solution is pumped from the ice storage tanks
directly to the cooling coils. No expensive heat exchanger is required. The glycol loop is
a sealed system, eliminating expensive annual chemical treatment costs. The centrifugal
chiller is also available for comfort cooling duty at nominal cooling conditions and
efficiencies. The modular concept of glycol ice storage systems and the proven simplicity
of Trane Tracer™ controls allow the successful blend of reliability and energy saving
performance in any ice storage application.
The ice storage system is operated
in six different modes: each optimized
for the utility cost of the hour.
Figure 11. Ice storage demand cost savings
1. Off
2. Freeze ice storage
3. Provide comfort cooling with ice
4. Provide comfort cooling with chiller
5. Provide comfort cooling with ice
and chiller
6. Freeze ice storage when comfort
cooling is required
Tracer optimization software controls operation of the required equipment and
accessories to easily transition from one mode of operation to another. For example:
Even with ice storage systems there are numerous hours when ice is neither produced
or consumed, but saved. In this mode the chiller is the sole source of cooling. For
example, to cool the building after all ice is produced but before high electrical demand
charges take effect, Tracer sets the centrifugal chiller leaving fluid setpoint to the system’s
most efficient setting and starts the chiller.
When electrical demand is high, the ice pump is started and the chiller is either demand
limited or shut down completely. Tracer controls have the intelligence to optimally
balance the contribution of ice and chiller in meeting the cooling load.
The capacity of the chiller plant is extended by operating the chiller and ice in tandem.
Tracer rations the ice, augmenting chiller capacity while reducing cooling costs.
When ice is produced, Tracer will lower the centrifugal chiller leaving fluid setpoint
and start the chiller, ice pumps, and other accessories. Any incidental loads that persists
while producing ice can be addressed by starting the load pump and drawing spent
cooling fluid from the ice storage tanks.
For specific information on ice storage applications, contact your local Trane sales office.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
37
Application Considerations
Application Considerations
Condenser Water Control
Trane CenTraVac™ chillers start and operate over a range of load conditions with
controlled water temperatures. Reducing the condenser water temperature is
an effective method of lowering the chiller power input; however, the effect of lowering
the condenser water temperature may cause an increase in system power consumption.
In many applications, Trane CenTraVac chillers can start and operate without control
of the condenser water temperature. However, for optimum system power consumption,
and for any applications with multiple chillers, control of the condenser water
circuit is recommended. Integrated control of the chillers, pumps and towers
is easily accomplished with the onboard Tracer™ chiller controller and/or Tracer
Summit™ system.
Most chillers are designed to entering tower temperatures around 85°F (29.5°C),
but Trane CenTraVac chillers can operate at reduced lift down to a 3 psid pressure
differential between the condenser and evaporator at any steady state load without
oil loss, oil return, motor cooling, refrigerant hang-up, or purge problems. And this
differential can equate to safe minimum entering condenser water temperatures
at or below 55°F (12.8°C) dependent on a variety of factors such as load, leaving
evaporator temperature and component combinations. Startup below this differential
is possible as long as the 3 psid minimum pressure differential is achieved within
a given amount of time.
Water Treatment
The use of untreated or improperly treated water in a chiller may result in scaling,
erosion, corrosion, algae, or slime. It is recommended that the services of a qualified
water treatment specialist be used to determine what treatment, if any, is advisable.
Trane assumes no responsibility for the results of untreated, or improperly treated water.
Water Pumps
Avoid specifying or using 3600 rpm condenser and chilled-water pumps. Such pumps
may operate with objectionable noises and vibrations. In addition, a low frequency
beat may occur due to the slight difference in operating rpm between water pumps
and CenTraVac motors. Where noise and vibration-free operation are important,
Trane encourages the use of 1750 rpm pumps.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Application Considerations
Water Flow
Today’s technology challenges ARIs traditional design of 3 gpm/ton through the
condenser. Reduced condenser flows are a simple and effective way to reduce both first
and operating costs for the entire chiller plant. This design strategy will require more
effort from the chiller. But pump and tower savings will typically offset any penalty.
This is especially true when the plant is partially loaded or condenser relief is available.
In new systems, the benefits can include dramatic savings with:
• Size and cost of the water pumps
• Size and cost of the cooling tower
• Pump energy (30 to 35% reduction)
• Tower fan energy (30 to 35% reduction)
• Size and cost for condenser lines
and valves
Replacement chiller plants can reap even greater benefits from low flow condensers.
Because the water lines and tower are already in place, reduced flows would offer a
tremendous energy advantage. Theoretically, a 2 gpm/ton design applied to a system
that originally used 3 gpm/ton would offer a 70% reduction in pump energy. At the
same time, the original tower would require a nozzle change but would then be able
to produce about two degrees colder condenser water than before. These two benefits
would again typically offset any extra effort required by the chiller.
Contact your local Trane Sales Office for information regarding optimum condenser
water temperatures and flow rates for a specific application.
Electrical Information
Minimum Circuit Ampacity
To properly size field electrical wiring, the electrical engineer or contractor needs to know
the minimum circuit ampacity of the CenTraVac machine. The National Electrical Code
(NEC), in Article 440-33, defines the method of calculating the minimum circuit ampacity.
The minimum circuit ampacity is defined as the sum of two amperages: 125 percent
of the compressor motor Rated Load Amps (RLA), plus the Full Load Amps (FLA) of all
remaining loads on the same circuit. For starter to motor wiring, there are no other
remaining loads. For main power supply to the starter, there is a remaining load
consisting of the 4 kVA control power transformer which supplies power to the controls,
the oil pump motor, oil sump heater, and the purge unit motor. Therefore, the remaining
load FLA equals 4,000 VA divided by the unit design voltage.
As an example, calculate the minimum circuit ampacity of a machine that has a design
RLA of 350 amps with 460 volt power:
4000 VA
Minimum Circuit Ampacity = ( 125% × 350 Amps ) + ------------------------460 V
= 437.5 A + 8.7 A
= 446.2 A
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
39
Application Considerations
After the minimum circuit ampacity has been determined, the electrical engineer or
contractor will refer to the appropriate NEC conductor sizing table to determine the exact
conductors required. A typical table for 75°F (23.9°C) conductors is listed on the Trane
submittal. The selection of conductors is based on a number of job site conditions
(i.e. type of conductor, number of conductors, length of conductors, ambient
temperature rating of conductors).
Branch-Circuit, Short-Circuit, and Ground Fault Protection
Circuit breakers and fused disconnects should be sized by the electrical engineer
or contractor in strict accordance with NEC Article 440-21 and in accordance with all
local codes. This protection should be for motor type loads and should not be less
than 150 percent of the compressor motor rated load amps (RLA).
Additional electrical information is available in an engineering bulletin, CTV-PRB004-EN,
“Starters and Electrical Components for CenTraVac™ Chillers.”
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Selection Procedure
Selection Procedure
Selection
The CenTraVac™ centrifugal chiller product line provides more than 200,000 individual
unit selections over a capacity range of 170 through 3950 cooling tons. Chiller selections
and performance data can be obtained through the use of the CenTraVac chiller selection
program available in local Trane sales offices. This program can provide a list of chiller
selections optimized to closely match specific project requirements. Nominal data
and physical data for typical compressor-evaporator-condenser combinations are
given by product family.
Performance
The CenTraVac computer selection program provides performance data for each chiller
selection at the full-load design point and part-load operating points as required.
The Trane computer selection program is certified by ARI in accordance with ARI
Standard 550/590. To assure that the specific chiller built for your project will meet
the required performance, and to ensure a more troublefree startup, it is recommended
that the chiller be performance tested.
The CenTraVac computer selection program has the flexibility to select chillers for
excessive field fouling allowances.
The industrial package may be selected for CenTraVac™ chillers that meet
the following criteria:
• Chiller capacities approximately
• 60 Hz only
50 to 2000 voltage range
• Single compressor (no Duplex)
• 080, 142, 210, and 250E shells in
• NEMA 1 unit-mounted starters
all short and long combinations
can be accommodated
Fouling Factors
ARI Standard 550/590 includes a definition of clean tube fouling. Recommended field
fouling allowances have not changed on a relative basis; the standard fouling adjustment
is a 0.0001 increment from 0.0000 “clean” on the evaporator and 0.00025 increment from
0.0000 “clean” on the condenser.
Chiller specifications should be developed using the most current standard
fouling factors.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
41
Selection Procedure
It should be noted that changing the number of water passes or water flow rates may
significantly alter the performance of a particular chiller. To obtain the maximum benefit
from the wide range of selections available, designers are encouraged to develop
performance specifications and use the computer selection program to optimize
their selections. This will allow the selection of the particular compressor-evaporatorcondenser combination that most closely meets the job requirements. All selections
are made using the computer selection program.
Unit Performance With Fluid Media Other Than Water
CenTraVac chillers can be selected with a wide variety of media other than water.
Typically used media include ethylene glycol or propylene glycol either in the evaporator,
condenser, or both. Chillers using media other than water are excluded from the ARI
550/590 Certification Program, but are rated in accordance with ARI 550/590. Trane
factory performance tests are only performed with water as the cooling and heat
rejection media. For fluid media other than water, contact the local Trane sales office
for chiller selections and information regarding factory performance testing.
Flow Rate Limits
Flow rate limits for multiple pass combinations for evaporators and condensers are
tabulated in the data section for the appropriate chiller family. For applications outside
of these limits contact your local Trane office.
Roughing-in Dimensions
Dimensional drawings illustrate overall measurements of the chiller. The recommended
space envelope indicates clearances required to easily service the CenTraVac chiller.
A view of the unit with its support feet is superimposed on this drawing.
All catalog dimensional drawings are subject to change. Current submittal drawings
should be referred to for detailed dimensional information. Contact the local Trane sales
office for submittal and template information.
Evaporator and Condenser Data Tables
Evaporator and condenser data is shown in the Performance Data section. It includes
minimum and maximum water flow limits and water connection sizes for all standard
pass configurations and tube type. Pressure drops are calculated by the CenTraVac™
computer selection program.
Full-Load and Part-Load Performance
The CenTraVac chiller possesses excellent performance characteristics over its full
range of operation. The multistage direct-drive compressor enables stable and efficient
operation over a wide range of capacities, virtually eliminating the need for energy
wasting hot gas bypass typically found on single-stage chillers.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Selection Procedure
An in-depth examination of project specific conditions and energy rate structures should
be performed to appropriately evaluate total energy costs over a period of time.
TRACE™, The Trane energy analysis program is particularly well suited for this type
of analysis, as well as for economic evaluation of equipment and system alternatives.
Local utilities may offer substantial monetary rebates for centrifugal chillers with specific
operating kW ratings. Contact your local utility representative or Trane sales office for
further information.
The electrical rate structure is a key component of an economic evaluation. Most power
bills are constituted of a significant demand charge in addition to the usage charge.
The full-load power consumption of the chiller plant is likely to set the kW peak and
demand charge for the billing period. This places an increased emphasis on the need
to keep the full-load consumption of the chiller plant low.
There are a number of variables that should be considered in developing an accurate
chiller load profile to use for measuring how one machine compares with another
machine at part load. The use of outdoor air economizers, variations in chiller
sequencing, and chiller plant load optimization strategies should be considered.
Decoupled, primary/secondary water loops or variable-primary flow designs are more
efficient ways to control multiple chiller water plants. These control strategies result
in one chiller operating at a more fully loaded condition rather than multiple chillers
operating at part load, which would require more pumping energy.
ARI Standard 550/590 provides chiller performance certification for the full-load
condition and the “NPLV” (non-standard part-load value). The NPLV uses a generic
weighted chiller load profile to simplify certification of part-load performance data for
single-chiller installations. Although these values are not necessarily a precise indicator
of actual energy use, they do provide a basis for comparison.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
43
Performance Data
Evaporator Flow Rates
Performance Data
Table 3. Minimum and maximum evaporator flow rates (gpm)
Shell Bundle
Size
Size
EVSZ
EVBS
032S
200
032S
230
032S
250
032S/L
280
032S/L
320
032S/L
350
050S
320
050S
360
050S
400
050S/L
450
050S/L
500
050S/L
550
080S
500
080S
560
080S
630
080S/L
710
080S/L
800
080S/L
890
142M/L
890
142M/L
980
142M/L 1080
142M/L/E 1220
142M/L/E 1420
210L
1610
210L
1760
210L
1900
210L
2100
250E
2280
250E
2300
250E
2480
250E
2500
210D
1610
210D
1850
210D
2100
250D
2100
250D
2300
250D
2500
250M
2100
250M
2300
250M
2500
250X
2100
250X
2300
250X
2500
Note:
IMCU
Min
Max
154
1129
178
1302
190
1389
217
1584
246
1801
270
1975
249
1823
273
1997
305
2235
347
2540
388
2843
427
3126
388
2843
430
3148
486
3561
551
4038
619
4537
690
5058
693
5080
770
5645
868
6361
963
7056
1120 8206
1232 9031
1383 10139
1528 11203
1623 11898
1587 11637
1750 12832
1757 12882
1916 14047
1216 8913
1388 10175
1557 11414
1557 11414
1724 12633
1887 13830
1557 11414
1724 12633
1887 13830
1557 11414
1724 12633
1887 13830
One Pass
TECU
Min
Max
241
1324
271
1485
298
1635
340
1865
379
2084
—
—
379
2084
428
2349
474
2602
539
2959
597
3281
—
—
597
3281
673
3696
754
4145
846
4652
961
5286
—
—
964
5297
1079 5930
1200 6598
1349 7416
1502 8256
1470 8083
1642 9029
1824 10030
2010 11055
1935 10642
2174 11953
2127 11699
2394 13162
1421 7814
1680 9239
1935 10641
1943 10686
2101 11554
2314 12723
1943 10686
2101 11554
2314 12723
1943 10686
2101 11554
2314 12723
IECU
Min Max
155 1136
179 1311
191 1399
218 1595
248 1814
272 1988
251 1836
275 2010
307 2251
349 2557
391 2962
430 3147
391 2862
433 3169
489 3584
555 4065
623 4567
695 5093
692 5069
769 5632
866 6347
961 7040
1116 8188
1229 9011
1380 10117
1525 11178
1619 11871
1590 11663
1762 12917
1761 12911
1929 14141
1224 8973
1397 10243
1567 11490
1567 11490
1735 12717
1899 13922
1567 11490
1735 12717
1899 13922
1567 11490
1735 12717
1899 13922
IMCU
Min Max
77 564
89 651
95 694
109 782
13 901
135 987
125 911
137 998
153 1118
174 1270
194 1421
214 1563
194 1421
215 1573
243 1780
276 2018
310 2268
345 2529
347 2540
385 2822
434 3180
482 3528
560 4103
616 4515
692 5069
764 5601
812 5948
793 5819
875 6415
878 6441
958 7023
Two Pass
TECU
Min Max
121 662
135 742
149 817
170 932
190 1042
—
—
190 1042
214 1174
237 1301
270 1480
299 1641
—
—
299 1641
337 1848
377 2072
423 2325
481 2642
—
—
482 2648
540 2965
600 3299
675 3708
751 4128
735 4041
821 4514
912 5014
1005 5527
967 5321
1087 5976
1064 5850
1197 6581
IECU
Min Max
78 568
90 655
96 699
109 797
124 907
136 994
126 918
138 1005
154 1125
175 1278
196 1431
215 1573
196 1431
217 1584
245 1792
279 2032
312 2284
348 2546
346 2534
384 2816
433 3173
480 3520
559 4094
615 4506
690 5058
763 5589
810 8935
795 5832
881 6458
880 6456
965 7070
Three Pass
IMCU
TECU
IECU
Min Max Min Max Min Max
52 376 81 441 52 379
60 434 90 495 60 437
64 463 100 545 64 466
72 528 114 622 73 531
82 600 127 694 83 605
90 658
—
—
91 662
83 607 127 694 84 612
91 665 143 783 92 670
102 745 158 867 103 750
1116 847 180 986 117 852
130 948 199 1093 131 954
143 1042 —
—
144 1049
130 948 199 1093 131 954
144 1049 224 1232 145 1056
162 1187 252 1382 163 1194
184 1346 282 1551 185 1355
207 1512 321 1761 208 1522
230 1685 —
—
232 1697
231 1693 321 1765 231 1689
257 1881 360 1976 256 1877
290 2120 400 2199 289 2115
321 2351 450 2472 320 2346
373 2735 501 2752 373 2729
411 3010 490 2694 410 3003
461 3379 548 3009 460 3372
510 3734 608 3343 509 3726
541 3965 670 3685 540 3957
Not Applicable
584 4277 725 3984 588 4306
Not Applicable
639 4682 798 4387 643 4713
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
The minimum evaporator water velocity is 1.5 ft/sec for IECU tubes and 2.0 ft/sec for all other tubes. For a variable evaporator water flow system,
the minimum GPME is generally not applicable at full load, and may be limited by other factors such as glycol. Confirm actual minimum and
maximum flows for each selection before operating near flow boundaries. In the above table, 0.025" wall tubes were used for M, L, S, and E bundles
and 0.028 wall tubes were used for D, M, and X bundles.
"
44
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Performance Data
Evaporator Flow Rates
Minimum and maximum evaporator flow rates (liter/second)
Shell Bundle
Size
Size
EVSZ
EVBS
032S
200
032S
230
032S
250
032S/L
280
032S/L
320
032S/L
350
050S
320
050S
360
050S
400
050S/L
450
050S/L
500
050S/L
550
080S
500
080S
560
080
630
080S/L
710
080S/L
800
080S/L
890
142M/L
890
142M/L
980
142M/L 1080
142M/L/E 1220
142M/L/E 1420
210L
1610
210L
1760
210L
1900
210L
2100
250E
2280
250E
2300
250E
2480
250E
2500
210D
1610
210D
1850
210D
2100
250D
2100
250D
2300
250D
2500
250M
2100
250M
2300
250M
2500
250X
2100
250X
2300
250X
2500
Note:
IMCU
Min Max
10
71
11
82
12
88
14 100
16 114
17 125
16 115
17 126
19 141
22 160
24 179
27 197
24
17
27 199
31 225
35 255
39 286
44 319
44 320
49 356
55 401
61 445
71 518
78 570
87 640
96 707
102 751
100 934
110 810
111 813
121 886
77 562
88 642
98 720
98 720
109 797
119 873
98 720
109 797
119 873
98 720
109 797
119 873
One Pass
TECU
Min Max
15
84
17
94
19 103
21 118
24 131
—
—
24 131
27 148
30 164
34 187
38 207
—
—
38 207
42 233
48 262
53 293
61 333
—
—
61 334
68 374
76 416
85 468
95 521
93 510
104 570
115 633
127 697
122 671
137 754
134 738
151 830
90 493
106 583
122 671
123 674
133 729
14 803
123 674
133 729
146 803
123 674
133 729
146 803
IECU
Min Max
10
72
11
83
12
88
14
101
16
114
17
125
16
116
17
127
19
142
22
161
25
187
27
199
25
181
27
200
31
226
35
256
39
288
44
321
44
320
49
355
55
400
61
444
70
517
78
569
87
638
96
705
102 749
100 736
111 815
111 815
122 892
77
566
88
646
99
725
99
725
109 802
120 878
99
725
109 802
120 878
99
725
109 802
120 878
Two Pass
Three Pass
IMCU
TECU
IECU
IMCU
TECU
IECU
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
5
36
8
42
5
36
3
24
5
28
3
24
6
41
9
47
6
41
4
27
6
31
4
28
6
44
9
52
6
44
4
29
6
34
4
29
7
49
11
59
7
50
5
33
7
39
5
34
8
57
12
66
8
57
5
38
8
44
5
38
9
62
—
—
9
63
6
42
—
—
6
42
8
57
12
66
8
58
5
38
8
44
5
39
9
63
14
74
9
63
6
42
9
49
6
42
10
71
15
82
10
71
6
47
10
55
6
47
11
80
17
93
11
81
7
53
11
62
7
54
12
90
19 104 12
90 819 60
13
69
8
60
14
99
—
—
14
99
9
66
—
—
9
66
12
90
19 104 12
90
8
60
13
69
8
60
14
99
21 117 14 100
9
66
14
78
9
67
15 112 24
13 115 113 10
75
16
87
10
75
17 127 27 147 18 128 12
85
18
98
12
85
20 143 30 167 20 144 13
95
20 111 13
96
22 160
—
—
22 161 15 106
—
—
15 107
22 160 30 167 22 160 15 107 20 111 15 107
24 178 34 187 24 178 16 119 23 125 16 118
27 201 38 208
7
200 18 134 25 139 18 133
30 223 43 234 30 222 20 148 28 156 20 148
35 259 47 260 35 258 24 173 32 174 24 172
39 285 46
25
39 284 26 190 31 170 26 189
44 320 52 285 44 319 29 213 35 190 29 213
48 353 58 316 48 353 32 236 38 211 32 235
51 375 63 349 51 564 34 250 42 232 34 250
50 367 61 336 50 368
Not Applicable
55 405 69 377 56 407 37 270 46 251 37 272
55 406 67 369 56 407
Not Applicable
60 443 76 415 61 446 40 295 50 277 41 297
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
The minimum evaporator water velocity is .457 m/s for IECU tubes and .610 m/s for all other tubes. For a variable evaporator water flow
system, the minimum LPS is generally not applicable at full load, and may be limited by other factors such as glycol. Confirm actual minimum
and maximum flows for each selection before operating near flow boundaries. In the above table, 0.025" wall tubes were used for M, L,
S, and E bundles and 0.028 wall tubes were used for D, M, and X bundles.
"
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
45
Performance Data
Condenser Flow Rates
Table 4. Minimum and Maximum condenser flow rates (gpm)
Shell
Size
CDSZ
032S
032S/L
032S/L
032S/L
050S
050S/L
050S/L
050S/L
080S
080S
080S/L
080S/L
080S/L
142L
142L
142L
142L
142L
210L
210L
210L
210L
250L
250L
250L
Bundle
Size
CDBS
230
250
280
320
360
400
450
500
500
560
630
710
800
890
980
1080
1220
1420
1610
1760
1900
2100
2100
2300
2500
Min
214
239
267
295
336
378
26
473
473
529
595
691
756
853
949
1060
1185
1335
1331
1473
1615
1760
1760
1935
2103
Max
784
877
980
1083
1233
1388
1563
1733
1733
1940
2182
2466
2770
3125
3476
3884
4343
4895
4879
5400
5921
6452
6452
7092
7747
Min
209
233
261
288
328
369
416
461
461
516
580
656
736
834
927
1036
1158
1305
1301
1440
1579
1721
1721
1891
2066
Max
763
854
954
1055
1201
1351
1522
1688
1688
1889
2126
2402
2698
3055
3398
3796
4245
4785
4769
5279
5788
6307
6307
6932
7573
210D
120D
210D
210D
250D
250D
250D
250M
250M
250M
250X
250X
250X
1610
1760
1900
2100
2100
2300
2500
2100
2300
2500
2100
2300
2500
2662
2946
3231
3520
3520
3869
4226
3520
3959
4226
3520
3869
4226
9758
10800
11873
12906
12906
14186
15494
12906
14186
15494
12906
14186
15494
2602
2880
3158
3441
3441
3782
4131
3441
3782
4131
3441
3782
4131
9539
10558
11576
12615
12615
13865
15146
12615
13865
15146
12615
13865
15146
Note:
46
SBCU
TECU
Two Pass
IECU
Min
Max
217
795
245
896
272
997
305
1117
347
1269
391
1430
440
1611
489
1792
489
1792
547
2004
613
2246
687
2518
772
2830
874
3203
973
3565
1088
3988
1215
4452
1404
5147
1492
5469
1651
6053
1808
6627
1959
7181
1956
7171
2149
7876
2338
8571
One Pass
2984
10938
3302
12107
2616
13255
3918
14363
3912
14343
4297
15753
4676
17143
3912
14343
4297
15753
4676
171743
3912
14343
4297
15753
4676
17143
IMCU
Min
216
244
271
304
345
389
438
787
487
545
610
584
769
870
968
1083
1209
1398
1301
1644
1800
1950
1947
2139
2327
Max
792
892
992
1112
1263
1423
1604
1784
1784
1995
2235
2506
2821
3190
3549
3970
4431
5123
4769
6025
6597
7148
7138
7840
8532
2970
3287
3599
3900
3894
4277
4654
3894
4277
4654
3894
4277
654
10888
12051
13194
14297
14297
15680
17064
14277
15680
17064
14277
15680
17064
The minimum condenser water velocity is 3 ft/sec and the maximum is 11 ft/sec, and may be limited by other factors such as glycol. Confirm
actual minimum and maximum flows for each selection before operating near flow boundaries. Table values based on 0.028" wall tubes.
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Performance Data
Condenser Flow Rates
Minimum and maximum condenser flow rates (liter/second)
Shell
Size
CDSZ
032S
032S/L
032S/L
032S/L
050S
050S/L
050S/L
050S/L
080S
080S
080S/L
080S/L
080S/L
142L
142L
142L
142L
142L
210L
210L
210L
210L
250L
250L
250L
Bundle
Size
CDBS
230
250
280
320
360
400
450
500
500
560
630
710
800
890
980
1080
1220
1420
1610
1760
1900
2100
2100
2300
2500
Min
14
15
17
19
21
24
27
30
30
33
38
44
48
54
60
67
75
84
84
93
102
111
111
122
133
Max
49
55
62
68
78
88
99
109
109
122
138
156
175
197
219
245
274
309
308
341
374
407
407
447
489
Min
13
15
16
18
21
23
26
29
29
33
37
41
46
53
58
65
73
82
82
91
100
109
109
119
130
Max
48
54
60
67
76
85
96
106
106
119
134
152
170
193
214
239
268
302
301
333
365
398
398
437
478
210D
210D
210D
210D
250D
250D
250D
250M
250M
250M
250X
250X
250X
1610
1760
1900
2100
2100
2300
2500
2100
2300
2500
2100
2300
2500
168
186
204
222
222
244
267
222
250
267
222
244
267
616
681
747
814
814
895
978
814
895
978
814
895
978
164
182
199
217
217
239
261
217
239
261
217
239
261
602
666
730
796
796
875
956
796
875
956
796
975
956
Note:
Two Pass
SBCU
TECU
IECU
Min
14
15
17
19
22
25
28
31
31
35
39
43
49
55
61
69
77
89
94
104
114
124
123
136
148
One Pass
188
208
165
247
247
271
295
247
271
295
247
271
295
IMCU
Max
50
57
63
70
80
90
102
113
113
126
142
159
179
202
225
252
281
325
345
382
418
453
452
497
541
Min
14
15
17
19
22
25
28
31
31
34
38
37
49
55
61
68
76
88
82
104
114
123
123
135
147
Max
50
56
63
70
80
90
101
113
113
126
141
158
178
201
224
250
280
323
301
380
416
451
450
495
538
690
764
836
906
905
994
1082
905
994
1082
905
994
1082
187
207
227
246
246
270
294
246
270
294
246
270
294
687
760
832
902
902
989
1077
901
989
1077
901
989
1077
The minimum condenser water velocity is 0.914 m/s, and the maximum is 3.35 m/s, and may be limited by other factors such as
glycol. Confirm actual minimum and maximum flows for each selection before operating near flow boundaries. Table values based
on 0.028" wall tubes.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
47
Job Site Connections
Job Site Connections
Supply and Motor Lead Wiring and Connections
Copper conductors should only be connected
to the compressor motor due to the possibility
of galvanic corrosion as a result of moisture
if aluminum conductors are used. Copper
conductors are recommended for supply
leads in the starter panel.
Suggested starter panel line and load-side
lug sizes (when lugs are provided) are noted
in the starter submittals. These submitted lug
sizes should be carefully reviewed for
compatibility with conductor sizes specified
by the electrical engineer or contractor. If they
are not compatible, the electrical engineer or
contractor should specify the required lug sizes
for the particular application.
Figure 13. Electric connections
Terminal Lugs (Field-Supplied)
Connection Pad
3/8" Bolt
Motor
Terminal
Stud
Ground lugs are provided in the motor terminal box and starter panel. The motor
terminals are supplied with connection pads which will accommodate bus bars or
standard terminal lugs (crimp type recommended). Terminal lugs are field-supplied.
These connection pads provide additional surface area to minimize improper electrical
connections. Also, a 3/8-inch bolt is provided on all connection pads for mounting
the lugs. Figure 13, illustrates the connection between the motor connection pads
and the terminal lugs.
Shipment and Assembly
All CenTraVac™ chillers ship as a factory assembled, factory tested package, ready
to rig into place on factory supplied isolation pads. A full oil charge is shipped in the oil
sump, and a 5 psig (34.5 kPa) dry nitrogen charge prevents condensation and confirms
a leak-free seal before installation.
48
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Controls
Capabilities
Controls
Tracer AdaptiView Controller
Today’s CenTraVac™ chillers offer predictive controls that anticipate and compensate
for load changes. Other control strategies made possible with the Tracer AdaptiView™
controls are:
Feedforward Adaptive Control
Feedforward is an open-loop, predictive control strategy designed to anticipate and
compensate for load changes. It uses evaporator entering-water temperature as an
indication of load change. This allows the controller to respond faster and maintain
stable leaving-water temperatures.
Soft Loading
The chiller controller uses soft loading except during manual operation. Large
adjustments due to load or setpoint changes are made gradually, preventing the
compressor from cycling unnecessarily. It does this by internally filtering the setpoints
to avoid reaching the differential-to-stop or the current limit. Soft loading applies to
the leaving chilled-water temperature and current limit setpoints.
Multi-Objective Limit Arbitration
There are many objectives that the controller must meet, but it cannot satisfy more
than one objective at a time. Typically, the controllers primary objective is to maintain
the evaporator leaving water temperature.
Whenever the controller senses that it can no longer meet its primary objective
without triggering a protective shutdown, it focuses on the most critical secondary
objective. When the secondary objective is no longer critical, the controller reverts
to its primary objective.
Fast Restart
The controller allows the CenTraVac chiller to restart during the postlube process. If the
chiller shuts down on a nonlatching diagnostic, the diagnostic has 30–60 seconds to clear
itself and initiate a fast restart. This includes momentary power losses.
Adaptive Frequency Drive Control
The combination of speed control and inlet guide vane position is now optimized
mathematically and controlled simultaneously. The increased performance of the
microprocessor allows the chiller to operate longer at higher efficiency, and with
greater stability.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
49
Controls
Capabilities
Variable-Primary Flow (VPF)
Chilled-water systems that vary the water flow through chiller evaporators have caught
the attention of engineers, contractors, building owners, and operators. Varying the
water flow reduces the energy consumed by pumps, while having limited affect on the
chiller energy consumption. This strategy can be a significant source of energy savings,
depending on the application.
Using the optional variable-flow compensation, the Tracer chiller controller reliably
accommodates variable evaporator water flow and virtually eliminates its effect on
the chilled-water temperature.
Variable-Flow Compensation
Variable-flow compensation is a new, optional, control feature that includes water
differential-pressure-sensor transducers.
Previous controllers sometimes had difficulties with variable water flow in combination
with variable-speed drives. Variable-flow compensation reacts so quickly that this
energy-saving combination is now possible.
Variable-flow compensation improves the ability of the chiller to accommodate variable
flow, even in combination with an Adaptive Frequency™ Drive (AFD).
34°F Leaving Water Temperature
Another benefit of Feedforward Adaptive Control is the ability to operate the
CenTraVac™ chiller at low leaving evaporator water temperatures without the
use of glycol.
Colder water is generally used in wide delta-T systems, reducing the pumping energy
required and making it less expensive to deliver cooling capacity over long distances.
For this reason, low leaving water temperatures are frequently used in district cooling
applications, but can also be used in comfort cooling applications.
Your local Trane office can assist in making chiller two- or three-pass selections using
34°F to 36°F (1.1°C to 2.2°C) leaving water temperatures. Special installation procedures
may be required.
50
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Controls
Standard Features
Tracer AdaptiView Control Operator Interface
Tracer AdaptiView™ control is the unit-mounted operator interface with a touchsensitive 12.1" display. The display presents information through an intuitive navigation
system. Alternate languages are also available for the control panel display.
Tracer AdaptiView™ control receives information from and communicates information
to the other devices on the chiller’s communications link. Tracer AdaptiView™control
performs the Leaving Chilled-Water Temperature and Limit Control algorithms.
Tracer AdaptiView™control can be connected to the service tool using a standard USB
type B cable. The connection is located on the side of the control panel, along with
a power outlet for a laptop PC power supply.
•
•
•
•
Data graphs
Mode overrides
Status (all subsystems) with
animated graphics
Auto/Stop commands
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
•
•
•
50 diagnostics
ASHRAE chiller log
Setpoint adjustment (daily
user points)
51
Controls
Standard Features
Tracer TU Interface
The Tracer chiller controller adds a level of sophistication better served by a PC
application to improve service technician effectiveness and minimize chiller
downtime. Tracer AdaptiView™ control is intended to serve only typical daily
tasks. The portable PC-based service-tool software, Tracer TU™, supports service
and maintenance tasks.
Tracer TU serves as a common interface to all Trane chillers, and will customize itself
based on the properties of the chiller with which it is communicating. Thus, the service
technician learns only one service interface.
The panel bus is easy to troubleshoot using LED sensor verification. Only the defective
device is replaced. Tracer TU can communicate with individual devices
or groups of devices.
All chiller status, machine configuration settings, customizable limits, and up to 100
active or historic diagnostics are displayed through the service-tool software interface.
LEDs and their respective Tracer TU indicators visually confirm the availability of each
connected sensor, relay, and actuator.
Tracer TU is designed to run on a customer’s laptop, connected to the AdaptiView control
panel with a USB cable.
Hardware requirements for Tracer TU:
• CD-ROM
• 1024 x 768 resolution
• Windows® XP Pro or Vista
• An available USB port (USB 2.0)
52
•
•
•
1 GB RAM
Ethernet 10/100 Lan card
Pentium IV or higher processor
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Controls
Standard Features
Field Connection
The field-connected items are important for turning the chiller on or off. This includes an
emergency or external stop, pump relays, and verifying that flow has been established.
The optional, factory-supplied flow switch or differential-pressure switch can be used
to prove flow.
• Emergency stop
• Chilled-water pump relay
• Chilled-water flow contacts
• Condenser-water pump relay
• Condenser-water flow contacts
• External auto stop (enable/disable)
Heat Exchanger Control
Fundamental internal variables that are necessary to control the chiller are gathered
and acted upon by the heat exchanger control function.
Motor Control and Compressor Protection
This includes all functions that start, run, and stop the motor. The starter module provides
the interface and control of wye-delta, across-the-line, primary reactor, autotransformer,
and solid-state starters. Analog and binary signals are used to interface with the
solid-state starter. An AFD output signal, included in the AFD option, controls the
Adaptive Frequency™ drive. The motor control also provides protection to both
the motor and the compressor.
EarthWise Purge Control
The purge control regulates the purge to optimize both purge and chiller efficiency.
The purge controller communicates with Tracer AdaptiView™ control over the machine
bus communications link, uploading setpoints and downloading data and diagnostics.
Potential/Current Transformers—3-phase
Includes factory-installed potential/current transformers in the starter for monitoring
and displaying phase voltage and amperage, and provides over/undervoltage
protection. Tracer AdaptiView™ control, Tracer TU, and Tracer Summit display the
following:
• Kilowatts
• Compressor-phase amperage
(a-b, b-c, c-a
• Kilowatt-hours
•
Power factor (uncorrected)
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
•
Compressor-phase voltage
(a-b, b-c, c-a)
53
Controls
Standard Features
Chilled-Water Reset
Chilled-water reset reduces chiller energy consumption during periods of the year when
heating loads are high and cooling loads are reduced. It is based on return chilled-water
temperature. Resetting the chilled-water temperature reduces the amount of work
that the compressor must do by increasing the evaporator refrigerant pressure. This
increased evaporator pressure reduces the pressure differential the compressor must
generate while in the heat recovery mode. Chilled-water reset is also used in combination
with the hot-water control. By resetting the chilled-water temperature upward, the
compressor can generate a higher condenser pressure, resulting in higher leaving
hot-water temperatures.
Figure 12. Chilled-water reset
Hot-Water Control
In the hot-water mode, the chiller produces hot water as its primary objective, rather than
chilled water—similar to the heat-pump operation. A leaving condenser water setpoint
is maintained while the leaving evaporator temperature is allowed to modulate with
the load. As an option, the Extended Operation package allows an external controller
to enable, disable, and modulate this mode. The hot-water mode is performed without
a secondary condenser. For additional information, see the Heat Recovery/Auxiliary
Condenser option
Ice-Making Control
For chillers that have been selected for ice-making operation, the standard control
package includes the ice-making mode. As an option, the Extended Operation package
allows an external controller to enable, disable, and modulate this mode.
54
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Controls
Optional Features
Extended Operation Package
Select the extended-operation package for chillers that require external ice-building
control, hot water control, and/or base-loading capabilities. This package also includes
a 4-20 mA or 2-10 Vdc analog input for a refrigerant monitor.
• Refrigerant monitor input
• External ice-building relay
• External base-loading relay
• External ice-building control
• External base-loading control
• External hot-water control relay
Base-Loading Control
This feature allows an external controller to directly modulate the capacity of the chiller.
It is typically used in applications where virtually infinite sources of evaporator load
and condenser capacity are available and it is desirable to control the loading of the
chiller. Two examples are industrial process applications and cogeneration plants.
Industrial process applications might use this feature to impose a specific load on
the facility’s electrical system. Cogeneration plants might use this feature to balance
the system’s heating, cooling, and electrical generation.
All chiller safeties and Adaptive Control functions are in full effect when Base Loading
is enabled. If the chiller approaches full current, the evaporator temperature drops too
low, or the condenser pressure rises too high, the controller’s Adaptive Control™logic
limits the loading of the chiller to prevent the chiller from shutting down on a safety
limit. These limits may prevent the chiller from reaching the load requested by the
Base Loading signal.
An alternative and less radical approach to Base Loading indirectly controls the chiller
capacity. Artificially load the chiller by setting the chilled-water setpoint lower than
it is capable of achieving. Then, modify the chillers load by adjusting the current limit
setpoint. This approach provides greater safety and control stability because it leaves
the chilled-water temperature-control logic in effect. The chilled-water temperature
control responds more quickly to dramatic system changes and limits chiller loading
prior to reaching an Adaptive Control limit.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
55
Controls
Optional Features
Ice-Making Control
This feature allows an external controller to control the chiller in an ice-storage system.
Ice storage is typically used in areas where high electrical demand charges can be offset
by shifting building energy use to off-peak (typically nighttime) hours.
While the standard controller is fully capable of running the chiller in ice-making mode,
installation savings and additional energy savings can be realized by using the Chiller
Plant Control module of the Tracer building automation system. Chiller Plant Control
anticipates how much ice needs to be made at night and operates the system accordingly.
The controls are integrated with the chiller—two wires and preprogrammed software
reduce field-installation cost and complex custom programming.
The CenTraVac™ chiller is uniquely suited for low-temperature applications like
ice storage, because it provides multiple stages of compression. This allows the
chiller to produce ice efficiently, while experiencing less stress than a single-stage
compression chiller.
Hot-Water Control
This feature allows an external controller to enable/disable and modulate the hot-water
control mode. Occasionally, CenTraVac chillers are used to provide heating as a primary
operation. In this case the external controller or operator would select a hot-water
temperature setpoint and the chiller capacity would be modulated to maintain the
setpoint. Heating is the primary function and cooling is a waste product or a secondary
function. This technique provides application flexibility, especially in multiple-chiller
plants in conjunction with undersized heating plants.
The chiller needs only one condenser for hot-water control, whereas Heat Recovery
uses a secondary condenser.
Refrigerant Monitor
The Extended Operation package allows for a refrigerant monitor to send a 4–20 mA
signal to the Tracer AdaptiView™ control display. It can be calibrated to correspond
to either 0–100 ppm or 0–1,000 ppm concentration levels. The concentration level is
displayed at the Tracer AdaptiView™ control, but the chiller will not take any action
based on the input from the refrigerant monitor.
Alternatively, a refrigerant monitor can be connected to Tracer Summit, which has
the ability to increase ventilation in the equipment room in response to high
refrigerant concentrations.
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Controls
Optional Features
Variable-Flow Compensation
This option includes transducers for the differential evaporator-and condenser-water
pressures (psid). Flow switches or some other means to prove flow are still required and
must be field connected. One type of sensor handles all pressure ranges up to 300 psig.
How It Works
The Tracer chiller controller uses a patented, variable, water-flow compensation
algorithm to maintain stable, precise capacity control.
If the water-pressure transducer fails and the flow switch continues to prove flow,
water-flow compensation will be disabled and the design delta-T will be used.
For applications designed to operate with variable-primary water flow, variable-flow
compensation allows the chiller to respond quickly to changes in chilled-water flow
rate. By automatically adjusting the control gain, large changes in the water-flow rate
are accommodated.
Data shown on Figure 13 demonstrates water-temperature control without flow
compensation. In contrast, Figure 14 demonstrates water-temperature control with
flow compensation enabled. The chilled-water temperature remains stable, even
when the water flow rate drops 50 percent in 30 seconds.
Another benefit is disturbance rejection. Figure 15 shows the test results from step
changes in water flow with increasing magnitudes. The leaving chilled-water
temperature remains largely unaffected. Even the most severe change—dropping
water flow 66 percent in 30 seconds—caused only a small, 1.5°F (-16.9°C) variation
in chilled-water temperature. It is unlikely that a chiller application would make
water flow changes of this magnitude. The results demonstrate that the chiller is
more than capable of supporting variable water flow applications.
Figure 13. Capacity control without variable-flow compensation
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Controls
Optional Features
Variable-Flow Stability
Figure 14. Capacity control with variable-flow compensation
Figure 15. Capacity control with flow changes and variable-flow compensation
The following data will be shown at the Tracer AdaptiView™ control, Tracer TU displays
and at Tracer Summit:
•
Evaporator tons
•
Evaporator and condenser gpm
•
Evaporator and condenser differential water pressures (psid)
It will automatically adjust capacity control to:
58
•
Minimize variable-flow disturbance
•
Maintain control stability at low flow
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Controls
Interoperability
LonTalk Communications Interface (LCI-C)
The optional LonTalk™ Communications Interface for Chillers (LCI-C) is available
factory or field installed. It is an integrated communication board that enables the
chiller controller to communicate over a LonTalk network. The LCI-C is capable of
controlling and monitoring chiller setpoints, operating modes, alarms, and status.
The Trane LCI-C provides additional points beyond the standard LonMark™defined
chiller profile to extend interoperability and support a broader range of system
applications. These added points are referred to as open extensions. The LCI-C is
certified to the LonMark Chiller Controller Functional Profile 8040 version 1.0, and
follows LonTalk FTT-10A free topology communications.
Native BACnet Communications
Tracer AdaptiView™ control can be configured for BACnet communications at the factory
or in the field. This enables the chiller controller to communicate on a BACnet MS/TP
network. Chiller setpoints, operating modes, alarms, and status can be monitored
and controlled through BACnet.
Tracer AdaptiView controls conform to the BACnet B-ASC profile as defined by
ASHRAE 135-2004.
Modbus Communications
Tracer AdaptiView control can be configured for Modbus communications at the factory
or in the filed. This enables the chiller controller to communicate as a slave device
on a Modbus network. Chiller setpoint, operating modes, alarms, and status can be
monitored and controlled by a Modbus master device.
Building Automation and Chiller Plant Control
Trane Tracer Summit™ building automation systems include pre-engineered and
flexible control for chiller plants. It can control the operation of the complete installation:
chillers, pumps, cooling towers, isolating valves, air handlers, and terminal units. Trane
can undertake full responsibility for optimized automation and energy management
for the entire chiller plant.
The main functions are:
•
Chiller sequencing: equalizes the number of running hours of the chillers. Different
control strategies are available depending on the configuration of the installation.
•
Control of the auxiliaries: includes input/output modules to control the operation
of the various auxiliary equipments (water pumps, valves, cooling towers, etc.)
•
Time-of-day scheduling: allows the end user to define the occupancy period,
for example: time of the day, holiday periods and exception schedules.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
59
Controls
Interoperability
•
Optimization of the installation start/stop time: based on the programmed
schedule of occupancy and the historical temperature records. Tracer Summit
calculates the optimal start/stop time of the installation to get the best compromise
between energy savings and comfort of the occupants.
•
Soft loading: the soft loading function minimizes the number of chillers that are
operated to satisfy a large chilled-water-loop pull down, thus preventing an overshoot
of the actual capacity required. Unnecessary starts are avoided and the peak current
demand is lowered.
•
Communication capabilities: local, through a PC workstation keyboard. Tracer
Summit™ can be programmed to send messages to other local or remote
workstations and or a pager in the following cases:
—Analog parameter exceeding a programmed value
—Maintenance warning
—Component failure alarm
—Critical alarm messages. In this latter case, the message is displayed until the
operator acknowledges the receipt of the information. From the remote station
it is also possible to access and modify the chiller plants control parameters.
•
Remote communication through a modem: as an option, a modem can be
connected to communicate the plant operation parameters through voice grade
phone lines.
A remote terminal is a PC workstation equipped with a modem and software to
display the remote plant parameters.
Chiller-Tower Optimization
Tracer Summit chiller-tower optimization extends Adaptive Control™ to the rest of the
chiller plant. Chiller-tower optimization is a unique control algorithm for managing the
chiller and cooling-tower subsystem. It considers the chiller load and real-time ambient
conditions, then optimizes the tower setpoint temperature to maximize the efficiency
of the entire subsystem. This real-time optimization may vary tower temperatures
between 50°F–90°F (10°C–32.2°C) depending upon current outdoor conditions, chiller
loading, and ancilary efficiencies.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Controls
Interoperability
Integrated Comfort System (ICS)
The onboard Tracer chiller controller is designed to be able to communicate with a wide
range of building automation systems. In order to take full advantage of chiller’s
capabilities, incorporate your chiller into a Tracer Summit™ building automation system.
But the benefits do not stop at the chiller plant. At Trane, we realize that all the energy
used in your cooling system is important. That is why we worked closely with other
equipment manufacturers to predict the energy required by the entire system. We used
this information to create patented control logic for optimizing HVAC system efficiency.
The building owners challenge is to tie components and applications expertise
into a single reliable system that provides maximum comfort, control, and efficiency.
Trane Integrated Comfort™ systems (ICS) are a concept that combines system
components, controls, and engineering applications expertise into a single, logical,
and efficient system. These advanced controls are fully commissioned and available
on every piece of Trane equipment, from the largest chiller to the smallest VAV box.
As a manufacturer, only Trane offers this universe of equipment, controls, and factory
installation and verification.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
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Controls
Protections
Standard Protections
The chiller controller uses proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control for all limits—
there is no dead band. This removes oscillation above and below setpoints and extends
the capabilities of the chiller.
Some of the standard protection features of the chiller controller are described in this
section. There are additional protection features not listed here, contact your local Trane
office for additional protection information.
High Condenser-Pressure Protection
The chiller will protect itself from a starter failure that prevents disconnecting the
compressor motor from the incoming line power.
The chiller controller’s condenser limit keeps the condenser pressure under a specified
maximum pressure. The chiller will run up to 100 percent of this setpoint before the
adaptive control mode reduces capacity.
Starter-Contactor Failure Protection
The chiller will protect itself from a starter failure that prevents the compressor motor
from disconnecting from the line to the limits of its capabilities.
The controller starts and stops the chiller through the starter. If the starter malfunctions
and does not disconnect the compressor motor from the line when requested, the
controller will recognize the fault and attempt to protect the chiller by operating the
evaporator and condenser water pumps and attempting to unload the compressor.
Loss of Water-Flow Protection
Tracer AdaptiView™control has an input that will accept a contact closure from a
proof-of-flow device such as a flow switch or pressure switch. Customer wiring diagrams
also suggest that the flow switch be wired in series with the cooling-water and
condenser-water pump starter auxiliary contacts. When this input does not prove
flow within a fixed time during the transition from Stop to Auto modes of the chiller,
or if the flow is lost while the chiller is in the Auto mode of operation, the chiller
will be inhibited from running by a nonlatching diagnostic.
Evaporator-Limit Protection
Evaporator Limit is a control algorithm that prevents the chiller from tripping on its
low refrigerant-temperature cutout. The machine may run up to the limit but not trip.
Under these conditions the intended chilled-water setpoint may not be met, but the
chiller will do as much as it can. The chiller will deliver as much cold water as possible
even under adverse conditions.
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Controls
Protections
Low Evaporator-Water Temperature
Low evaporator-water temperature protection, also known as Freeze Stat™protection,
avoids water freezing in the evaporator by immediately shutting down the chiller and
attempting to operate the chilled-water pump. This protection is somewhat redundant
with the Evaporator Limit protection, and prevents freezing in the event of extreme errors
in the evaporator-refrigerant temperature sensor.
The cutout setting should be based on the percentage of antifreeze used in the customers
water loop. The chillers operation and maintenance documentation provides the
necessary information for percent antifreeze and suggests leaving-water temperaturecutout settings for a given chilled-water temperature setpoint.
High Vacuum-Lockout Protection
The controller inhibits a compressor start with a latching diagnostic whenever the
evaporator pressure is less than or equal to 3.1 psia (21.4 kPa). This protects the motor
by locking out chiller operation while the unit is in a high vacuum—preventing startup
without a refrigerant change during commissioning.
Oil-Temperature Protection
Low oil temperature when the oil pump and/or compressor are running may
be an indication of refrigerant diluting the oil. If the oil temperature is at or
below the low oil-temperature setpoint, the compressor is shut down on a latching
diagnostic and cannot be started. The diagnostic is reported at the user interface.
The oil heater is energized in an attempt to raise the oil temperature above the
low oil-temperature setpoint.
High oil-temperature protection is used to avoid overheating the oil and the bearings.
Low Differential Oil-Pressure Protection
Oil pressure is indicative of oil flow and active oil-pump operation. A significant
drop in oil pressure indicates a failure of the oil pump, oil leakage, or a blockage
in the oil circuit.
During compressor prelube the differential pressure should not fall below 12 psid.
A shutdown diagnostic will occur within 2 seconds of the differential pressure falling
below two-thirds of the low differential oil-pressure cutout.
When the compressor is running the shutdown diagnostic will occur when the
differential pressure falls below the differential oil-pressure cutout for more than
(cutout x 3) seconds. This allows for a relatively high cutout to be violated longer
before triggering shutdown, as compared to a low cutout.
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Controls
Protections
Excessive Purge Detection
Pump-out activity is indicative of the amount of air leaking into the chiller refrigerant
system. The operator is informed when the air-leakage rate changes. Through this
setpoint the operator can specify an expected leakage rate, and can be notified though
a diagnostic if the rate is higher than expected.
Occasionally, when a service technician performs a mechanical repair on the chiller,
an unusually high pump-out rate is expected for a certain period of time following the
procedure. The service excessive pump-out override allows the technician to specify
a time period for the purge system to rid the chiller of air in the system. This temporarily
suspends excessive purge detection.
Phase-Unbalance Protection
Phase-unbalance protection is based on an average of the three-phase current inputs.
The ultimate phase-unbalance trip point is 30 percent. In addition, the RLA of the motor
is derated by resetting the active current limit setpoint based on the current unbalance.
The RLA derate protection can be disabled in the field-startup menu.
The following derates apply when the phase-unbalance limit is enabled:
10% unbalance = 100% RLA available
15% unbalance = 90% RLA available
20% unbalance = 85% RLA available
25% unbalance = 80% RLA available
30% unbalance = Shutdown
Phase-Loss Protection
The controller will shut down the chiller if any of the three-phase currents feeding the
motor drop below 10 percent RLA. The shutdown will result in a latching phase-loss
diagnostic. The time to trip is 1 second at minimum, 3 seconds maximum.
Phase Reversal/Rotation Protection
The controller detects reverse-phase rotation and provides a latching diagnostic when
it is detected. The time to trip is 0.7 seconds.
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Controls
Protections
Momentary Power Loss and Distribution Fault Protection
Three-phase momentary power loss (MPL) detection gives the chiller improved
performance through many different power anomalies. MPLs of 2.5 cycles or longer
will be detected and cause the unit to shut down. The unit will be disconnected from
the line within 6 line cycles of detection. If enabled, MPL protection will be active any
time the compressor is running. MPL is not active on reduced-voltage starters during
startup to avoid nuisance trips. The MPL diagnostic is an automatic reset diagnostic.
An MPL has occurred when the motor no longer consumes power. An MPL may be
caused by any drop or sag in the voltage that results in a change in the direction of power
flow. Different operating conditions, motor loads, motor size, inlet guide vane position,
etc., may result in different levels at which this may occur. It is difficult to define an exact
voltage sag or voltage level at which a particular motor will no longer consume power,
but we are able to make some general statements concerning MPL protection:
The chiller will remain running under the following conditions:
• Second-order or lower harmonic
• Control-voltage sags of 40 percent
content on the line
or less for any amount of time
• Control-voltage sags of any
• Line-voltage sag of 1.5 line cycles
magnitude less than 3 line cycles
or less for any voltage magnitude sag
The chiller may shut down under the following conditions:
• Control-voltage sags of 3 or more
• Line-voltage sags of 1.5 or more
line cycles for voltage dips of 40
line cycles for voltage dips of 30
percent or more
percent or more
• Third-order or higher harmonic
content on the line
Current-Overload Protection
The control panel will monitor the current drawn by each line of the motor and shut
the chiller off when the highest of the three line currents exceeds the trip curve. A manual
reset diagnostic describing the failure will be displayed. The current overload protection
does not prohibit the chiller from reaching its full-load amperage.
The chiller protects itself from damage due to current overload during starting and
running modes, but is allowed to reach full-load amps.
High Motor-Winding Temperature Protection
This function monitors the motor temperature and terminates chiller operation
when the temperature is excessive. The controller monitors each of the three
winding-temperature sensors any time the controller is powered up, and displays
each temperature at the service menu. Immediately prior to start, and while running,
the controller will generate a latching diagnostic if the winding temperature exceeds
265°F (129.4°C) for 0.5–2 seconds.
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Controls
Protections
Surge Detection Protection
Surge detection is based on current fluctuations in one of three phases. The default
detection criterion is two occurrences of root-mean square (RMS) current change of
30 percent within 0.8 seconds in 60 ± 10 percent seconds., The detection criterion is
adjustable with the Tracer chiller controller.
Overvoltage and Undervoltage Protection
While some components of the chiller are impervious to dramatically different voltages,
the compressor-motor is not. The control panel monitors all three line-to-line voltages
for the chiller, and bases the over and undervoltage diagnostics on the average of the
three voltages. The default protection resets the unit if the line voltage is below or above
± 10% of nominal for 60 seconds.
Power Factor and kW Measurement
Three-phase measurement of kW and unadjusted power factor yields higher accuracy
during power imbalance conditions.
Short-Cycling Protection
This function mimics heat dissipation from a motor start using two setpoints: Restart
Inhibit Free Starts and Restart Inhibit Start-to-Start Timer. This allows the CenTraVac™
to inhibit too many starts in a defined amount of time while still allowing for fast
restarts. The default for CenTraVac is 3 Free Starts and a 20 minute Start-to-Start
Timer. The control panel generates a warning when the chiller is inhibited from starting
by this protection.
Restart Inhibit Free Starts: This setting will allow a maximum number of rapid restarts
equal to its value. If the number of free starts is set to 1, this will allow only one start within
the time period set by the Start-to-Start Time setting. The next start will be allowed only
after the start-to-start timer has expired. If the number of free starts is programmed to 3,
the control will allow three starts in rapid succession, but thereafter, it would hold off
on a compressor start until the Start-to-Start timer expired.
Restart Inhibit Start-to-Start Time Setting: This setting defines the shortest chiller
cycle period possible after the free starts have been used. If the number of free starts
is programmed to 1, and the Start-to-Start Time setting is programmed to 10 minutes, the
compressor will be allowed one start every 10 minutes. The start-to-start time is the time
from when the motor was directed to energize to when the next prestart is issued.
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Controls
Protections
Enhanced Protection Option
This optional package (included with the industrial package) includes sensors and
transducers that enable the following protection features:
Enhanced Condenser-Limit Control
Includes factory-installed condenser-pressure transducer and all necessary
interconnecting piping and wiring. Enhanced condenser-limit control provides highpressure cutout avoidance by energizing a relay to initiate head relief.
Note: This option is in addition to the standard high refrigerant-pressure safety contact.
Compressor-Discharge Refrigerant-Temperature Protection (optional)
Includes a factory-installed sensor and safety cutout on high compressor-discharge
temperature. Allows the chiller controller to monitor compressor-discharge temperature,
which is displayed at Tracer AdaptiView™ control, Tracer TU™, and Tracer Summit™.
Note: When the chiller is selected with HGBP, this sensor and its associated protection
are included as standard.
Sensing of Leaving Oil Set Temperature For Each Bearing
Optional factory-installed sensors allow high-temperature safety cutouts to monitor
the leaving bearing-oil temperatures. The chiller controller and Tracer Summit display
these temperatures. The high bearing-temperature cutout is fixed at 180°F (82.2°C).
If either bearing temperature violates the cutout, a latching diagnostic will be generated.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
67
Weights
60 Hz Compressor (IP & SI Units)
Weights
The weight information provided here should be used for general information purposes only. Trane does not
recommend using this weight information for considerations relative to chiller rigging and placement. The
large number of variances between chiller selections drives variances in chiller weights that are not
recognized in this table. Use the weights from the selection program for better accuracy.
Table 5. Weights 60 Hz compressors
Without Starters
With Starters
Operating Weights Shipping Weights Operating Weights Shipping Weights
MODEL NTON CPKW EVSZ CDSZ
lb
kg
lb
kg
lb
kg
lb
kg
350-570 588
050L 050L
21152
9595
18617
8445
222234
10085
19699
8935
350-570 588 050S 060L
19814
8988
17668
8014
20896
9478
18750
8505
350-570 588 060S 050S
18925
8584
16937
7683
20007
9075
18019
8173
350-570 588
080L 080L
30751
13949
26866
12186
31833
14439
27948
12677
C
350-570 588 080S 080L
28589
12968
25254
11455
29671
13459
26336
11946
V
350-570 588 080S 080S
26876
12191
23787
10790
27958
12682
24869
11281
H
650-910 957
080L 080L
32688
14827
28803
13065
34249
15535
30364
13773
F
650-910 957 080S 080L
30526
13847
27191
12334
32087
14555
28752
13042
650-910 957 080S 080S
2883
13070
25724
11668
30374
13778
27285
12376
650-910 957
142L 142L
42739
19386
36476
16546
44300
20094
38037
17254
650-910 957 142M 142L
41548
18846
35653
16172
43109
19554
37214
16880
1070-1300 1228 142E 142L
44647
20252
37997
17235
46064
20894
39414
17878
1070-1300 1228 142L 142L
43370
19672
37107
16831
44787
20315
38524
17474
1070-1300 1228 142M 142L
42179
19132
36284
16458
43596
19775
37701
17101
1070-1300 1228 210L 210L
52816
23957
44810
20325
54233
24600
46227
20968
1470
1340 210L 210L
56217
25500
48211
21869
57299
25991
49293
22359
1470-1720 1340 250E 250L
68393
31023
57807
26221
69475
31514
58889
26712
230-320 287
032L 032L
16691
7571
15145
6870
17773
8062
16227
7361
230-320 287 032S 032L
15795
7165
14484
6570
16877
7655
15566
7061
230-320 287 032S 032S
14960
6786
13730
6228
16042
7277
14812
6719
C
230-320 287
060L 060L
20650
9367
18081
8202
21732
9858
19163
8692
V
230-320 287 050S 050L
19312
8760
17132
7771
20394
9251
18214
8262
H
230-320 287 050S 050S
1278
8291
16248
7370
19360
8782
17330
7861
E
360-500 453
050L 050L
22187
10064
19618
8899
23269
10555
20700
9390
360-500 453 050S 050L
20849
9457
18669
8468
21931
9948
19751
8959
360-500 453 050S 050S
19815
8988
17785
8067
20897
9479
18867
8558
360-500 453
080L 080L
30758
13952
26806
12159
31840
14443
27888
12650
360-500 453 080S 080L
18595
12971
25194
14428
29677
13461
26276
11919
360-500 453 080S 080S
27155
12318
24016
10894
28237
12808
25098
11384
C 1500-2000 745 210D 210D
82345
38352
70434
31949
84211
38198
72300
32795
D 2170-2550 1062 250D 250D
91654
41574
77776
35279
92768
42079
78890
35784
H
3000
1340 250M 250M 115613
52442
98544
44700
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
F
3500
1340 250X 250X 119662
54279
100297
45495
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
These values represent chiller weights do not include the following:
• TECU .028" tubes
• 150 psig non-marine waterboxes
• INDP (Industrial Control Panel), add 50 lb (23kg)
• CPTR (Control Panel Transformer) option, add 130 lb (50 kg)
• SMP (Supplemental Motor Protection) option, add 500 lb (230 kg)
• Operating weights include the heaviest possible refrigerant charge weight
• Chillers with starter values include the weight of the heaviest possible starter
• Heaviest possible bundle and heaviest possible motor voltage combination for the applicable family of chillers
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Weights
50 Hz Compressor (IP & SI Units)
The weight information provided here should be used for general information purposes only. Trane does not
recommend using this weight information for considerations relative to chiller handling. The large number of
variances between chiller selections drives variances in chiller weights that are not recognized in this table.
Use the weights from the selection program for better accuracy.
Table 6. Weights 50 Hz compressors
MODEL
C
V
H
G
C
V
H
E
NTON
CPKW
480-565
489
480-565
489
480-565
489
480-565
489
480-565
489
480-656
489
670-780
621
670-780
621
670-780
621
670-780
621
670-780
621
920-1067
621
920-1067
621
920-1067
621
1100
621
1100
621
1100
621
190-270
242
190-270
242
190-270
242
190-270
242
190-270
242
190-270
242
300-420
379
300-420
379
300-420
379
300-420
379
300-420
379
300-420
379
1250-1750 621
2150
621
2250
621
EVSZ
050L
060S
050S
080L
080S
080S
080L
080S
080S
142L
142M
142L
142M
210L
142L
142M
210L
032L
032S
032S
050L
050S
050S
050L
050S
050S
080L
080S
080S
210D
250D
250D
CDSZ
050L
060L
050S
080L
080L
080S
080L
080L
080S
142L
142L
142L
142L
210L
142L
142L
210L
032L
032L
032S
050L
050L
050S
050L
050L
050S
080L
080L
080S
210D
250D
250D
Without Starters
Operating
Shipping
Weighs
Weights
lb
kg
lb
kg
23384
10607
20815
9442
22046
10000
19866
9011
21323
9672
19324
8765
31955
14495
28003
12702
29792
13514
26391
11971
29154
13224
26065
11823
33266
15089
29314
13297
31103
14108
27702
12566
30465
13819
27376
12418
44705
20278
38442
17437
43514
19738
37619
17064
45545
20659
39282
17818
44354
20119
38459
17445
57319
26000
49375
22397
45625
20695
39362
17854
44434
20155
38539
17481
57399
26036
49455
22432
16719
7584
15173
6882
15823
7177
14512
6583
14988
6799
13758
6241
20678
9380
18109
8214
19340
8773
17160
7784
18306
8304
16276
7383
21569
9784
19000
8618
20231
9177
18051
8188
19197
8708
17167
7787
30140
13672
26188
11879
27977
12690
24576
11148
26567
12037
23398
10613
86267
39131
74805
33932
97424
44192
83035
37665
97584
44263
83195
37737
With Starters
Operating
Shipping
Weights
Weights
lb
kg
lb
kg
24466
11098
21897
9932
3128
10491
20948
9502
22405
1063
20406
9256
33037
14986
29085
13193
30874
14004
27473
12462
30236
13715
27147
12314
34348
15580
30396
13788
32185
14599
28784
13056
31547
14310
28458
12909
45787
20769
39524
17928
44596
20229
38701
17555
46627
21150
40364
18309
46436
20610
39541
17936
58401
26491
50457
22887
46707
21186
40444
18346
45516
20646
39621
17972
58481
26527
50537
22923
17801
8075
16255
7373
16905
7668
15594
7073
16070
7289
14840
6731
21760
9870
19191
8705
20422
9263
18242
8275
19388
8794
17358
7874
22651
10274
20082
9109
21313
9668
19133
8679
20279
9199
18249
8278
31222
14162
27270
12370
29059
13181
25658
11638
27619
12528
24480
11104
88431
40112
76969
34913
97862
44390
83473
37863
98022
44462
83633
37935
C
D
H
G
These values represent chiller weights do not include the following:
• TECU .028" tubes
• 150 psig non-marine waterboxes
• Chillers-without-starter values do not include a weight-add for the starter
• Operating weights include the heaviest possible refrigerant charge weight
• Chillers with starter values include the weight of the heaviest possible starter
• Heaviest possible bundle and heaviest possible motor voltage combination for the applicable family of chillers
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
69
Physical Dimensions
Piping Connections
Physical Dimensions
Single Compressor CenTraVac Chillers
Table 7. CenTraVac water connection pipe size
Water
Passes
Evaporator
1 Pass
2 Pass
3 Pass
Condenser 2 Pass
Evaporator
1 Pass
2 Pass
3 Pass
Condenser 2 Pass
032
050
8
6
5
6
10
8
6
8
DN200
D150
DN125
DN150
DN250
DN200
DN150
DN200
Shell Size
080
142
Nominal Pipe Size (inches)
12
16
10
12
8
10
10
12
Metric Pipe Size (millimeters)
DN300
DN400
DN250
DN300
DN200
DN250
DN250
DN300
210
250
16
14
12
14
16
14
12
14
DN400
DN350
DN300
DN350
DN400
DN350
DN300
DN350
Figure 16. For Table 8 and 9. Space envelope for 60 and 50 Hz compressor chillers
*Without unit-mounted starters.
70
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Physical Dimensions
50 Hz Compressor (IP & SI Units)
Single-Compressor CenTraVac Chillers
Table 8. For Figure 16. Physical dimensions 50Hz compressor chillers (IP and SI Units)
C
V
H
E
C
V
H
G
C
V
H
E
C
V
H
G
CL1
CL2
COMP
190-270
190-270
190-270
190-270
300-420
300-420
300-420
300-420
480-565
480-565
480-565
480-565
670-780
670-780
670-780
920-1067
920-1067
1100
1100
Shell
Size
320
320
500
500
500
500
800
800
500
500
800
800
800
800
1420
1420
2100
1420
2100
190-270
320
190-270
320
190-270
500
190-270
500
300-420
500
300-420
500
300-420
800
300-420
800
480-565
500
480-565
500
480-565
800
480-565
800
670-780
800
670-780
800
670-780
1420
920-1067 1420
920-1067 2100
1100
1420
1100
3200
CAN BE AT EITHER
IS ALWAYS AT THE
IP Units
Envelope
Clearance
Unit Dimensions
W/O
With
W/O
With
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Shell
Mounted Mounted Tube
Mounted Mounted
ArrangeStarters Starters
Pull
Starters Starters
ment
EL
EW
EW
CL1
CL2
Length Height Width
Width
3' 5"
11' 3"
7' 93/4" 5' 103/8" 6' 8"
SS
26' 5"
10' 61/4" 11' 71/2" 11' 9"
3' 5"
15' 1/4" 7' 93/4" 5' 103/8" 6' 8"
SL & LL 33' 111/4" 10' 61/4" 11' 71/2" 15' 6"
3' 63/8" 11' 3"
8' 21/4" 6' 101/8" 7' 101/4"
SS
26' 63/8" 11' 45/8" 12' 97/8" 11' 9"
5
5
7
3
1
11' 4 /8” 12' 9 /8” 15' 6”
3' 6 /8” 15' /4” 8' 21/4” 6' 11/8” 7' 101/4”
SL & LL 34' /8”
3' 63/8" 11' 3"
8' 21/2" 6' 101/8" 7' 9"
SS
26' 63/8" 11' 45/8" 12' 81/2" 11' 9"
11' 45/8" 12' 81/2" 15' 6"
3' 63/8" 15' 1/4" 8' 21/2" 6' 101/8" 7' 9"
SL & LL 34' 5/8"
SS
27' 41/4" 12' 51/4" 13' 91/4" 11' 9"
4' 41/4" 11' 3"
9' 63/8" 7' 113/8" 8' 71/2"
4' 41/4" 15' 1/4" 9' 63/8" 7' 113/8" 8' 71/2"
SL & LL 34' 101/2" 12' 51/4" 13' 91/4" 15' 6"
3' 63/8" 11' 3"
8' 71/4" 6' 103/8" 7' 83/8"”
SS
26' 63/8" 11' 4 5/8" 13' 75/8" 11' 9"
11' 4 5/8" 13' 75/8" 15' 6"
3' 63/8" 15' 1/4" 8' 71/4" 6' 103/8" 7' 83/8"
SL & LL 34' 5/8"
4' 41/4" 11' 3"
9' 8"
7' 111/2" 8' 7/8"
SS
27' 41/4" 12' 51/4" 13' 15/8" 11' 9"
1
1
5
1
1
4' 4 /4" 15' /4" 9' 8"
7' 111/2" 8' 7/8"
SL & LL 34' 10 /2" 12' 5 /4" 13' 1 /8" 15' 6"
13' 10" 11' 9"
4' 41/4" 11' 3"
9' 63/4" 7' 111/2" 8' 83/4"
SS
27' 41/4" 12' 10"
13' 10" 15' 6"
4' 41/4" 15' 1/4" 9' 63/4" 7' 111/2" 8' 83/4"
SL & LL 34' 101/2" 12' 10"
4' 11"
15' 1/4" 10' 11/8" 9' 91/8" 9' 101/4"
ML & LL 35' 51/4" 14' 53/4" 14' 41/2" 15' 6"
4' 11"
15' 1/4" 10' 11/8" 9' 91/8" 9' 101/4"
ML & LL 35' 51/4" 14' 53/4" 14' 41/2" 15' 6"
1
3
3
4' 11"
15' 1/4" 11' 7/8" 10' 61/2" 10' 93/4"
LL
35' 5 /4" 15' 3 /4" 15' 8 /8" 15' 6"
4' 11"
15' 1/4" 10' 11/2" 9' 111/8" 10' 73/4"
ML & LL 35' 51/4" 14' 73/4" 14' 61/2" 15' 6"
4' 11"
15' 1/4" 11' 31/8" 10' 61/2" 10' 53/4"
LL
35' 51/4" 15' 33/4" 15' 83/8" 15' 6"
SI Units (mm)
SS
8052
3207
3543
3581
1041
3429
2380
1786
2032
SL & LL 10344
3207
3543
4724
1041
4578
2380
1786
2032
SS
8087
3470
3909
3581
1076
3429
3494
2086
2394
SL & LL 10379
3470
3909
4724
1076
4578
2494
2086
2394
SS
8087
3470
3874
3581
1076
3429
2502
2086
2362
SL & LL 10379
3470
3874
4724
106
4578
2502
2086
2362
SS
8338
3867
4198
3581
1327
3429
2905
2424
2629
SL & LL 10630
3867
4198
4724
1327
4578
2905
2424
2629
SS
8087
3470
4156
3581
1076
3429
2624
2086
2347
SL & LL 10379
3470
4156
3581
1076
4578
2624
2086
2347
SS
8338
3867
4003
4724
1327
3429
2946
2424
2461
SL & LL 10630
3867
4003
4724
1327
4578
2946
2424
2461
SS
8338
3912
216
3581
1327
3429
2915
2086
2661
SL & LL 10630
3912
4216
4724
1327
4578
2915
2086
2661
ML & LL 10754
4413
4381
4724
1499
4578
3077
2439
3004
ML & LL 10754
4413
4381
4724
1499
4578
3077
2439
3004
LL
10801
4667
4667
4724
1499
4578
3375
3211
3296
ML & LL 10754
4464
4432
4724
1499
4578
3086
3026
3245
LL
10801
4667
4667
4724
1499
4578
3432
3211
3194
END OF THE MACHINE AND IS REQUIRED FOR TUBE PULL CLEARANCE.
OPPOSITE END OF THE MACHINE FROM CL1 AND IS REQUIRED FOR SERVICE CLEARANCE.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
71
Physical Dimensions
60 Hz Compressor (IP & SI Units)
Single-Compressor CenTraVac Chillers
See Figure 16 on previous page for reference dimensions.
Table 9. For Figure 16. Physical dimensions 60 Hz compressor chillers (IP and SI Units)
IP Units
COMP
C
V
H
E
Shell
Shell ArrangeSize
ment
230-320
320
230-320
320
230-320
500
230-320
500
360-500
500
360-500
500
360-500
800
360-500
800
350-570
500
350-570
500
350-570
800
350-570
800
650-910
C
V 650-910
H 650-910
F 1070-1300
800
800
1420
1420
EL
Envelope
W/O Unit
Mounted
Starters
EW
10' 61/4"
SL & LL 33' 111/4" 10' 61/4"
26' 63/8"
11' 45/8"
SS
SS
26' 5"
SL & LL 34' 5/8"
26' 63/8"
SS
11' 45/8"
11' 45/8"
11' 45/8"
SL & LL 34' 5/8"
27' 41/4"
12' 51/4"
SS
SL & LL 34' 101/2" 12' 51/4"
Clearance
With Unit
Mounted
Starters*
EW
Tube
Pull
CL1
CL2
Unit Dimensions
W/O Unit With Unit
Mounted Mounted
Starters Starters
Length
Height
Width
Width
11' 71/2"
11' 71/2"
11' 9"
12' 97/8"
12' 97/8"
12' 81/2"
12' 81/2"
13' 91/4"
11' 9"
13' 91/4"
13' 75/8"
15' 6"
7' 93/4"
7' 93/4"
8' 21/4"
5' 103/8"
5' 103/8"
6' 8"
—
6' 8"
—
—
11' 9"
11' 3"
15' 1/4"
3' 63/8" 11' 3"
6' 101/8"
7' 101/4" —
—
15' 6"
3' 63/8" 15' 1/4"
8' 21/4"
6' 101/8"
7' 101/4" —
—
11' 9"
3' 63/8" 11' 3"
3' 63/8" 15' 1/4"
4' 41/4" 11' 3"
8' 21/2"
8' 21/2"
6' 101/8"
7' 81/2"
7' 81/2"
—
—
6' 101/8"
9' 6 3/8" 7' 117/16" 8' 75/8"
—
—
—
—
4' 41/4" 15' 1/4"
3' 63/8" 11' 3"
9' 6 3/8" 7' 117/16" 8' 75/8"
8' 4"
6' 101/8" 7' 81/2"
8' 4"
6' 101/8" 7' 81/2"
—
—
—
15' 6"
11' 9"
3' 63/8" 15' 1/4"
4' 41/4" 11' 3"
—
—
9' 61/2"
9' 61/2"
7' 117/16" 8' 75/8"
7' 117/16" 8' 75/8"
8' 7/16"
—
8' 47/8"
8' 47/8"
9' 63/4"
9' 63/4"
7' 117/16" 8' 7"
8' 61/8"
15' 6"
15' 6"
3' 5"
3' 5"
26' 63/8"
SL & LL 34' 5/8"
27' 41/2"
SS
11' 45/8"
11' 45/8"
12' 51/4"
13' 75/8"
13' 91/4"
SL & LL 34' 101/2"
27' 41/4"
SS
SL & LL 34' 101/2"
ML & LL 35' 51/4"
12' 51/4"
13' 91/4"
15' 6"
4' 41/4" 15' 1/4"
12' 10"
13' 10"
11' 9"
12' 10"
13' 10"
15' 6"
14' 53/4"
14' 41/2"
15' 6"
4' 41/4" 11' 3"
4' 41/4" 15' 1/4"
4' 11"
15' 1/4"
ML & LL 35' 51/4"
39' 27/8"
EL
14' 73/4"
14' 61/2"
14' 61/2"
15' 6"
4' 11"
17' 5"
4' 11"
15' 6"
4' 11"
17' 5"
SS
SMP/
DMP
CPTR
11' 9"
7' 117/16" 8' 7"
10' 11/8" 9' 91/8"
9' 81/2"
8' 7/16"
8' 61/8"
9' 91/4"
—
9' 7/8"
9' 7/8"
10' 21/2"
15' 1/4"
10' 11/2" 9' 111/8" 10' 7"
9' 111/4" 10' 71/8"
16' 103/4" 10' 3/4" 9' 111/8" 10' 7"
9' 111/4" 10' 71/8"
15' 1/4"
11' 31/4" 10' 67/16" 10' 53/4" 10' 13/4" 10' 10"
1070-1300 2100
LL
35' 51/4"
14' 73/4"
15' 33/4” "
1070-1300 2500
EL
39' 57/8"
16' 7"
15' 83/8"
18' 25/8"
1470-1720 2100
LL
35' 51/4"
15' 33/4"
N/A
15' 6"
5' 21/8" 16' 103/4" 11' 71/4" 11' 67/8" 11' 111/2" 11' 51/2" 10' 11/2"
4' 11"
15' 1/4"
11' 5"
10' 67/16" 10' 10"
10' 3/16" 11' 41/4"
1470-1720 2100
EL
39' 57/8"
16' 7"
N/A
17' 5"
5' 21/8" 16' 103/4" 11' 91/8" 11' 67/8"
1070-1300 1420
11' 111/2" 11' 51/2" 11' 57/8"
SI UNITS (mm)
C
V
H
E
230-320
320
230-320
320
230-320
500
230-320
500
360-500
500
360-500
500
360-500
800
360-500
800
350-570
500
350-570
500
350-570
800
350-570
800
650-910
C
V 650-910
H 650-910
F 1070-1300
800
800
1420
8052
SS
SL & LL 10344
8087
SS
3207
3543
3581
1041
3429
2380
1786
2032
—
3207
3543
4724
1041
4578
2380
1786
2032
—
—
—
3470
3909
3581
1076
3429
2494
2086
2394
—
—
SL & LL 10379
8087
SS
3470
3909
4724
1076
4578
2494
2086
2394
—
—
3470
3874
3581
1076
3429
2502
2086
2350
—
—
SL & LL 10379
8338
SS
3470
3874
4724
1076
4578
2502
2086
2350
—
—
3867
4198
3581
1327
3429
2905
2424
2632
—
—
SL & LL 10630
8087
SS
3867
4198
4724
1327
4578
2905
2424
2632
—
—
3470
4156
3581
1076
3429
2540
2086
2350
—
—
SL & LL 10379
8338
SS
3470
4156
4724
1076
4578
2540
2086
2350
—
—
3867
4198
3581
1327
3429
2908
2424
2632
2449
2558
3867
4198
4724
1327
4578
2908
2424
2632
2449
2558
3912
4216
3581
1327
3429
2915
2424
2617
2594
2761
SL & LL 10630
8338
SS
SL & LL 10630
ML & LL 10754
ML & LL 10754
3912
4216
4724
1327
4578
2915
2424
2617
2594
2761
4413
4381
4724
1499
4578
3077
2975
2959
2978
3109
6350
4432
4724
1499
4578
3086
3026
3226
3029
3229
1070-1300 1450
EL
11909
6350
4432
5309
1499
5150
3086
3026
3226
3029
3229
1070-1300 2100
LL
10801
4667
4667
4724
1499
4578
3435
3211
3194
3091
3300
1070-1300 2500
EL
11069
5055
5553
5309
1578
5150
3435
3529
3645
2491
3341
1470-1720 2100
LL
10801
4667
N/A
4724
1499
4578
3479
3211
3302
3256
3440
1470-1720 2100
EL
11069
5055
N/A
5309
1578
5150
3585
3491
3645
3491
3501
1420
CL1 CAN BE AT EITHER END OF THE MACHINE AND IS REQUIRED FOR TUBE PULL CLEARANCE.
CL2 IS ALWAYS AT THE OPPOSITE END OF THE MACHINE FROM CL1 AND IS REQUIRED FOR SERVICE CLEARANCE.
*Dimensions for low-voltage unit-mounted starters. Medium-voltage starters are also available for unit mounting.
DMP stands for Differential Motor Protection, SMP stands for Supplemental Motor Protection, no unit-mounted starter, CPTR stands for Control Power
Transformer option, no unit-mounted starter
72
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Physical Dimensions
50 & 60 Hz (IP Units)
Dual Compressor CenTraVac Chillers
CenTraVac™ Water Connection Pipe Sizes
Water Passes
250D, 210D
EVAPORATOR Nominal
1 Pass
16
CONDENSER
1Pass
16
EVAPORATOR Nominal
1 Pass
DN400
CONDENSER
1 Pass
DN400
Shell Size
250M
Pipe Size
18
250X
(Inches)
18
20
Pipe Size
458
20
(mm)
458
508
508
gMM
2%#/--%.$%$
#,%!2!.#%
(%)'(4
7)$4(
gMM
2%#/--%.$%$
#,%!2!.#%
30!#%%.6%,/0%
7)$4(
%W
#,#,
gMM
2%15)2%$
#,%!2!.#%
#,#,
,%.'4(
%,
Table 10. Physical dimensions dual 50 and 60 Hz compressor units (IP and SI Units)
Envelope
Type
NTON
CDHF
3500
CDHF
3000
CDHF 2170-2550
CDHG
2150
CDHG
2250
CDHF 1500-2000
CDHG 1250-1750
Shell
Size
250X
250M
250D
250D
250D
210D
210D
CDHF
3500
CDHF
3000
CDHF 2170-2550
CDHG
2150
CDHG
2250
CDHF 1500-2000
CDHG 1250-1750
250X
250M
250D
250D
250D
210D
210D
Shell
Arrangement
EL
XX
67' 6"
MM
59' 6"
DD
50' 6"
DD
50' 6"
DD
50' 6"
DD
50' 6"
DD
50' 6"
XX
MM
DD
DD
DD
DD
DD
20574
18136
15392
15392
15392
15392
15392
Clearance
IP Units
W/O UnitWith Unit
Mounted Mounted
Tube
Starters Starters
Pull
EW
EW
CL1
16' 3"
N/A
30' 6"
16' 3"
N/A
26' 6"
16' 9"
16' 9"
22' 0"
16' 9"
16' 9"
22' 0"
16' 9"
22' 0"
22' 0"
15' 9"
15' 11" 22' 0"
15' 9"
15' 11" 22' 0"
SI Units
4953
N/A
9297
4953
N/A
8078
5105
5105
6706
5105
5105
6706
5105
5105
6706
4801
4851
6706
4801
4851
6706
Unit Dimensions
7'
7'
7'
7'
7'
7'
7'
CL2
0"
0"
0"
0"
0"
0"
0"
2134
2134
2134
2134
2134
2134
2134
W/O Unit With Unit
Mounted Mounted
Starters Starters
Length Height
Width
Width
30' 0" 11' 93/8" 11' 51/4" N/A
26' 0" 11' 93/8" 11' 51/4" N/A
21' 6" 11' 73/8" 11' 101/2" 11' 111/4"
21' 6" 11' 47/8" 11' 101/2" 11' 111/4"
21' 6" 11' 73/8" 11' 101/2" 11' 111/4"
21' 6" 11' 3/4" 10' 111/2" 11' 41/8"
21' 6" 11' 3/4" 10' 111/2" 11' 41/8"
9144
7925
6554
6553
6554
6553
6553
3591
3591
3540
3477
3540
3372
3372
3487
3487
3620
3620
3620
3340
2240
N/A
N/A
3639
3639
3639
3458
3458
CL1 CAN BE AT EITHER END OF THE MACHINE AND IS REQUIRED FOR TUBE PULL CLEARANCE.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
73
Physical Dimensions
50 & 60 Hz (IP Units)
Table 10. Physical dimensions dual 50 and 60 Hz compressor units (IP and SI Units)
CL2 IS ALWAYS AT THE OPPOSITE END OF THE MACHINE FROM CL1 AND IS REQUIRED FOR SERVICE CLEARANCE.
= WATER FLOW
EVAPORATOR MARINE WATERBOXES
RRLR
LRRR
RFRR
RRLR
ASS - TOP VIEW
LRLF
LFLR
RRRF
LFRF
RFLF
RRRF
LFRF
RFLF
RFLR
LFRR
LRLF
RFRR
2 PASS - TOP VIEW
LFLR
LRRF
RRLF
LFRR
RFLR
LRRF
FRONT VIEW
LEFT END VIEW
1 AND 3 PASS - TOP VIEW
EVAPORATOR NON - MARINE
RELE
E
LELE
RELE
RERE
RELE
LERE
LERE
LELE
1 PASS
RERE
2 PASS
2 PASS
E - UPPER CONN.
RERE - LOWER CONN.
E - LOWER CONN.
RERE - UPPER CONN.
3 PASS
RELE - UPPER CONN.
RELE - LOWER CONN.
LERE - LOWER CONN.
LERE - UPPER CONN.
2 PASS - 250 E ONLY
PASS - 250 E ONLY
LERE
LERE
3 PASS - 250 E ONLY
CONDENSER NON - MARINE 2 PASS ONLY
RERE
LELE
CONDENSER MARINE (LEFT HAND) 2 PASS ONLY
LRLR
LFLR
LRLF
LFLF
CONDENSER MARINE (RIGHT HAND) 2 PASS ONLY
RFRF
74
RRRF
RFRR
RRRR
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Physical Dimensions
Waterbox Connection Arrangement
These graphics are intended to help you visualize the possible connections/combinations that may
be available for your unit. You must contact your local Trane office to configure your selection for
an as-built drawing to confirm it is available and to provide appropriate dimensions.
Table 11. Waterbox lengths–IP and SI Units
Evaporator
Shell
Psig
Type
320
150
Marine
320
150
Non-Marine
320
300
Marine
320
300
Non-Marine
500
150
Marine
500
150
Non-Marine
500
300
Marine
500
300
Non-Marine
800
150
Marine
800
150
Non-Marine
800
300
Marine
800
300
Non-Marine
1420
150
Marine
1420
150
Non-Marine
1420
300
Marine
1420
300
Non-Marine
2100
150
Marine
2100
150
Non-Marine
2100
300
Marine
2100
300
Non-Marine
2500
150
Marine
2500
150
Non-Marine
2500
300
Marine
2500
300
Non-Marine
Passes
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
Length
IP
SI
Return
Length
IP
SI
Condenser
Passes
Length
IP
SI
Return
Length
IP
SI
16.12
409
6.94
176
2
16.674
424
6.125
156
12.94
329
6.94
176
2
9.25 cast
235 cast
6.125
156
16.12
409
6.94
176
2
17
432
8
203
12.94
329
6.94
176
2
13.28/20.28
337/515
8
203
18.5
470
6.73
171
2
16.31
414
7.875
200
12.73
323
6.73
171
2
10.5 cast
267 cast
7.875
200
19
483
6.73
171
2
18.363
466
7.6
193
12.73
323
6.73
171
2
12.86/20.46
327/520
7.6
193
23.225
21.225
19.225
590
539
488
7.21
183
2
23.75
603
8.32
211
13.19
335
7.21
183
2
14.2
361
8.32
211
25
23
21
635
584
533
7.96
202
2
28.14
871
8.93
227
13.96
355
7.96
202
2
14.4/23.27
366/591
8.93
227
28.25
25
23
718
635
584
9.33
237
2
28.25
718
9.25
235
15.41
391
9.33
237
2
16
406
9.25
235
31.056
27.8
25.8
789
706
655
9.84
250
2
33.16
842
10.06
256
15.59
396
9.84
250
2
15.79
401
10.06
256
N/A
27.25
25.25
N/A
692
641
N/A
8.88
N/A
226
2
29.632
753
9.382
238
15.88
403
8.88
226
2
16.38
416
9.382
238
N/A
29.64
29.64
N/A
753
753
9.84
250
2
35
889
10.71
272
16.84
428
9.84
250
2
17.71
450
10.71
272
N/A
30
N/A
N/A
762
N/A
11.75
298
2
32
813
10.75
273
18.75
476
11.75
298
2
17.75
451
10.75
273
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
38.3
973
11.75
298
20.25
514
13.25
337
2
18.75
476
11.75
298
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
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Physical Dimensions
Waterbox Lengths (IP & SI Units)
Table 12. Waterbox lengths–IP and SI Units
Evaporator
Shell
210D
210D
210D
210D
250D
250D
250D
250D
250M
250M
250M
250M
250X
250X
250X
250X
PSIG
150
300
150
300
150
300
150
300
150
300
150
300
150
300
150
300
Type
Marine
No. of
Passes
1
Non-Marine
1
Marine
1
Non-Marine
1
Marine
1
Non-Marine
1
Marine
1
Non-Marine
1
Length
IP
28.25
31.62
15388
16.88
30.25
34.25
18.75
20.25
30.25
34.25
18.75
20.258
30.25
34.25
18.75
20.25
Marine Waterbox Arrangement Tables
Evaporator Waterbox Arrangement
EVWA
Inlet
Outlet
LFRF
LH Front
RH Front
RFLF
RH Front
LH Front
LRRR
LH Rear
RH Rear
RRLR
RH Rear
LH Rear
LFRR
LH Front
RH Rear
RFLR
RH Front
LH Rear
LRRF
LH Rear
RH Front
RRLF
RH Rear
LH Front
Data based on looking at unit on control panel side
SI
718
803
403
429
768
870
476
514
769
870
477
515
769
870
477
515
Return
Length
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Condenser
No. of
Passes
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Length
IP
31.88
38.88
16.38
17.75
36.25
38.38
17.75
18375
36.25
45.25
17.75
18.75
36.25
45.25
17.75
18.75
SI
810
988
416
451
921
975
451
476
921
1150
451
477
921
1150
451
477
Return
Length
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Condenser Waterbox Arrangement
CDWA
Inlet
Outlet
LFRF
LH Front
RH Front
RFLF
RH Front
LH Front
LRRR
LH Rear
RH Rear
RRLR
RH Rear
LH Rear
LTRT
LH Top
RH Top
RTLT
RH Top
LH Top
LBRB
LH Bottom
RH Bottom
RBLB
RH Bottom
LH Bottom
LFRR
LH Front
RH Rear
LFRT
LH Front
RH Top
LFRB
LH Front
RH Bottom
RFLR
RH Front
LH Rear
RFLT
RH Front
LH Top
RFLB
RH Front
LH Bottom
LRRF
LH Rear
RH Front
LRRT
LH Rear
RH Top
LRRB
LH Rear
RH Bottom
RRLF
RH Rear
LH Front
RRLT
RH Rear
LH Top
RRLB
RH Rear
LH Bottom
LTRF
LH Top
RH Front
LTRR
LH Top
RH Rear
LTRB
LH Top
RH Bottom
RTLF
RH Top
LH Front
RTLR
RH Top
LH Rear
RTLB
RH Top
LH Bottom
LBRF
LH Bottom
RH Front
LBRR
LH Bottom
RH Rear
LBRT
LH Bottom
RH Top
RBLF
RH Bottom
LH Front
RBLR
RH Bottom
LH Rear
RBLT
RH Bottom
LH Top
Data based on looking at unit on control panel side
76
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Mechanical Specifications
Mechanical Specifications
Compressor
Guide Vanes
Fully modulating variable inlet guide vanes provide capacity control. The guide vanes are
controlled by an externally-mounted electric vane operator in response to refrigeration
load on the evaporator.
Impellers
Fully shrouded impellers made of high strength aluminum alloy are directly connected
to the motor rotor shaft operating at 3,600 rpm (60 hertz) or 3,000 rpm (50 hertz).
The impellers are dynamically balanced and over-speed tested at 4,500 rpm; the
motor-compressor assembly is balanced to a maximum vibration of .15 inch/second
at 3600 rpm as measured on the motor housing.
Compressor Casing
Separate volute casings of refrigerant-tight, close-grained cast iron are used on the
centrifugal compressor; each incorporating a parallel wall diffuser surrounded by
a collection scroll. The diffuser passages are machined to ensure high efficiency.
All casings are proof-and leak-tested.
Motor
Compressor motors are hermetically sealed two-pole, squirrel cage induction-type. They
are built in accordance with Trane specifications and guaranteed by the manufacturer for
continuous operation at the nameplate rating. A load-limit system provides protection
against operation in excess of this rating. The rotor shaft is heat-treated carbon steel and
designed such that the critical speed is well above the operating speed. The control circuit
prevents motor energization unless positive oil pressure is established. Impellers are
keyed directly to the motor shaft and locked in position. Nonferrous, labyrinth-type seals
minimize recirculation and gas leakage between the stages of the compressor.
200 through 600 volt, three-phase 60-hertz and 380 through 415 volt, three-phase
50-hertz motors are supplied with six terminal posts for reduced-voltage wye-delta
starting. For low-voltage, solid-state starters and AFDs—connecting links are furnished
to convert the motor to a 3-lead motor.
2,300 through 13,800 volt, three-phase 60-hertz and 3300 through 11,000 volt,
three-phase 50-hertz motors are supplied with three terminal posts for full-voltage
(across-the-line) or reduced-voltage (primary reactor or autotransformer) starting.
Motor terminal pads are supplied. A removable sheet metal terminal box encloses
the terminal board area.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
77
Mechanical Specifications
Motor Cooling
Motor cooling is accomplished by a patented refrigerant pump that supplies liquid
refrigerant to the motor. The refrigerant circulates uniformly over the stator windings
and between the rotor and stator. All motor windings are specifically insulated for
operation within a refrigerant atmosphere.
Lubrication
A direct-drive, positive-displacement oil pump is driven by a 120 volt, single phase,
¾ horsepower motor. The motor and pump assembly is submerged in the oil sump
to assure a positive oil supply to the compressor bearings at all times. A low
watt-density heater maintains the oil temperature to minimize its affinity for refrigerant.
Evaporator
Shell and Waterboxes
The evaporator shell is constructed of carbon steel plate and incorporates a carbon
rupture disc in accordance with the ANSI/ASHRAE 15 Safety Code. A refrigerant
temperature coupling is provided for a low limit controller, or customer use.
For all units, multiple pass arrangements are available at 150 psig or 300 psig water side
working pressures, with grooved connections. Flanged connections are also available.
Marine-type waterboxes are available.
Tube Sheets
A thick carbon steel tube sheet is welded to each end of the shell and is drilled and reamed
to accommodate the tubes. Three annular grooves are machined into each tube hole
to provide a positive liquid and vapor seal between the refrigerant and water side of
the shell after tube rolling. Intermediate tube support sheets are positioned along the
length of the shell to avoid contact and relative motion between adjacent tubes.
Tubes
Individually replaceable, seamless copper tubing available in either one-inch or
three-quarter-inch outside diameter is used as the evaporator heat transfer surface.
Tubes are externally and internally enhanced, and mechanically expanded into the
tube sheets (and are secured to the intermediate supports with tube clips) to provide
a leak-free seal and eliminate tube contact and abrasion due to relative motion.
Eliminators
Multiple layers of metal mesh screen form the eliminators and are installed over
the tube bundle along the entire length of the evaporator. The eliminators prevent
liquid refrigerant carryover into the compressor.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Mechanical Specifications
Refrigerant Distribution
A refrigerant distributor on the base of the evaporator assures uniform wetting of the
heat transfer surface over the entire length of the shell and under varying loads. High
velocity, refrigerant-spray impingement on the tubes is prevented through this design.
Refrigerant Flow Control
A multiple orifice flow-control system maintains the correct pressure differential
between the condenser, economizer, and evaporator over the entire range of loading.
This patented system contains no moving parts.
Shell Tests
The refrigerant side of the evaporator shell, complete with tubes but without waterbox
covers, is proof-tested at 45 psig, vacuum leak-tested, and finally pressure leak tested
with a helium mass spectrometer. The water side of the shell, with waterboxes in
place, is hydrostatically tested at 1½ times the design working pressure, but not less
than 225 psig.
Note: These tests are not to be repeated at installation.
Condenser/Heat Recovery Condenser
Shell and Waterboxes
The condenser shell is constructed of carbon steel plate designed and constructed in
accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 15 Safety Code.
For all units, multiple pass arrangements are available at 150 psig or 300 psig water side
working pressures, with grooved connections. Flanged connections are also available.
Marine-type waterboxes are available.
Tube Sheets
A thick carbon steel tube sheet is welded to each end of the shell and is drilled and reamed
to accommodate the tubes. Three annular grooves are machined into each tube hole
to provide a positive liquid and vapor seal between the refrigerant and water sides
of the shell after tube rolling. Intermediate tube support sheets are positioned along
the length of the shell to avoid contact and relative motion between adjacent tubes.
Tubes
Individually replaceable, seamless copper tubing available in either one-inch or
three-quarter-inch outside diameter is used as the evaporator heat transfer surface.
Tubes are externally and internally enhanced, and mechanically expanded into the
tube sheets (and are secured to the intermediate supports with tube clips) to provide
a leak-free seal and eliminate tube contact and abrasion due to relative motion.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
79
Mechanical Specifications
Refrigerant Gas Distribution
A baffle plate between the tube bundle and the condenser shell distributes the hot
compressor-discharge gas longitudinally throughout the condenser and downward
over the tube bundle. The baffle plate prevents direct impingement of high velocity
compressor-discharge gas upon the tubes.
Shell Tests
The refrigerant side of the condenser shell, complete with tubes, but without waterbox
covers, is proof-tested at 45 psig, vacuum leak-tested, and finally pressure leak-tested
with a helium mass spectrometer. The water side of the shell, with waterboxes in
place, is hydrostatically tested at 1½ times the design working pressure, but not less
than 225 psig.
Note: These tests are not to be repeated at installation.
Economizer
The CVHE/CVHG style CenTraVac™two-stage economizer (single-stage economizer
on CVHF style units) is a series of interstage pressure chambers which utilize a multiple
orifice system to maintain the correct pressure differential between the condenser,
economizer, and evaporator over the entire range of loading. This patented system
contains no moving parts. CDHG Duplex units use a two-stage economizer per circuit.
CDHF Duplex units use a single-stage economizer per circuit.
Purge System
Standard Features
•
•
•
115 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 1-Phase
12.3 minimum circuit ampacity
175 psig low side 10.3 total
unit amps
•
The purge is 25¾" high, 27½"
wide and 21¾" deep
•
•
•
175 watt carbon tank heater
335 psig design pressure high side
The purge uses an R-404A refrigeration
circuit with a ¼ hp condensing unit
(fan, compressor, expansion valve),
and a compressor suction
temperature sensor
The purge tank has a fusible plug, evaporator coil, normally-closed float switch,
and the following connections:
•
1/4" liquid return with filter-drier and moisture indicator
•
5/8" vapor line
The expansion valve automatically controls the purge suction pressure to 34 psia.
The pump-out system consists of a pump-out compressor, pump-out solenoid
valve, and an exhaust solenoid valve.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Mechanical Specifications
The carbon bed tank incorporates a temperature sensor and a regenerative cycle,
a 175-watt resistive heater, 150 psi pressure relief valve, and a temperature sensor.
The carbon bed tank automatically collects and scrubs refrigerant molecules from
the noncondensable gas and drives any collected refrigerant vapor back into the chiller.
This design keeps the purge efficiency at peak levels throughout its life without the
maintenance required on other purges.
The purge controller interfaces with the following intelligent devices on an IPC3
communications link: liquid-level switch, dual relay output, quad relay output, dual
triac output, suction temperature sensor, and carbon temperature sensor. 50 Hz
applications have a separate voltage correction transformer.
The purge controller communicates with the Tracer chiller controller and display, which
mounted on the front of the chiller control panel. Descriptive text indicates purge
operating mode, status, set points, purge operating data reports, diagnostics, and
alarms. Operating modes Stop, On, Auto, and Adaptive operate the purge refrigeration
circuit and accumulate noncondensables with or without the chiller running.
Chiller Controller
The microcomputer control panel is factory installed and tested on the CenTraVac™
unit. All controls necessary for the safe and reliable operation of the chiller are provided
including oil management, purge operation, and interface to the starter. The control
system is powered by a control power transformer included in the starter panel.
The microcomputer control system processes the leaving evaporator fluid temperature
sensor signal to satisfy the system requirements across the entire load range.
The microprocessor controller is compatible with reduced-voltage or full-voltage
electromechanical starters, variable-speed drives, or solid-state starters. Depending
on the applicability, the drives may be factory mounted or remote mounted.
The controller will load and unload the chiller via control of the stepper motor/actuator
which drives the inlet guide vanes open or closed. The load range can be limited
either by a current limiter or by an inlet guide vane limit (whichever controls the
lower limit). It will also control the evaporator and condenser pumps to insure proper
chiller operation.
Approximately 200 diagnostic checks are made and displayed when a fault is detected.
The display indicates the fault, the type of reset required, the time and date the diagnostic
occurred, the mode in which the machine was operating at the time of the diagnostic,
and a help message. A diagnostic history displays the last 10 diagnostics with the time
and date of their occurrence.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
81
Mechanical Specifications
The panel features machine protection shutdown requiring manual reset for:
• Low oil flow
• Low oil temperature
• Actuator drive circuit fault
• Low differential oil pressure
• Extended compressor surge
• Excessive loss of communication
• High condenser refrigerant
• Critical sensor or detection circuit
pressure
faults
• Low evaporator refrigerant
• Free-cooling valve closure failure
temperature
(free cooling applications only)
The display also provides reports that are organized into six groupings: Evaporator,
Condenser, Compressor, Motor, Purge, and the ASHRAE Chiller Log. Each report
contains data that is accessed by scrolling through the menu items. Each grouping will
have a heading which describes the type of data in that grouping. This data includes:
• Phase currents
• Last 10 diagnostics
• Phase voltages
• Current limit setpoint
• Water flows (optional)
• Purge suction temperature
• Oil temperature and flow
• Motor winding temperatures
• Current chiller operating mode
• Water pressure drops (optional)
• Watts and power factor (optional)
• Bearing temperatures (optional)
• Outdoor air temperature (optional)
• Evaporator refrigerant liquid level
• All water temperatures and
• Condenser liquid refrigerant
setpoints
temperature
• Compressor starts and hours
• Saturated refrigerant temperatures
running
and pressures
• Refrigerant detection external
• Control source (i.e. local panel,
to chiller in ppm (optional)
external source, remote BAS)
The controller is capable of receiving signals from a variety of control sources (which
are not mutually exclusive—i.e. multiple control sources can coexist simultaneously) and
of being programmed at the keypad as to which control source
has priority. Control sources can be:
• The local operator interface
• Tracer SC™building automation
(standard)
system (interface optional)
•
A 4–20 mA or 2–10 Vdc signal from
an external source (interface
optional, control source not
supplied by chiller manufacturer)
•
Process computer (interface optional,
control source not supplied by chiller
manufacturer)
•
Generic BAS (interface optional,
control source not supplied by chiller
manufacturer)
The control source with priority will then determine the active setpoints via the signal
that is sent to the control panel.
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EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Mechanical Specifications
Isolation Pads
Isolation pads are supplied with each CenTraVac™chiller for placement under all
support points. They are constructed of molded neoprene.
Refrigerant and Oil Charge
A full charge of refrigerant and oil is supplied with each unit. The oil ships in the unit’s
oil sump and the refrigerant ships directly to the job site from refrigerant suppliers.
Thermometer Wells and Sight Glasses
In addition to the thermowells provided for use with the standard unit safety controls,
a well is provided for measurement of the liquid refrigerant condensing temperature
and a coupling for the evaporating temperatures. Sight glasses are provided for
monitoring oil charge level, oil flow, compressor rotation, and purge condenser drum.
Insulation
Factory applied insulation is available as an option on all units. All low temperature
surfaces are covered with ¾-inch Armaflex II or equal (thermal conductivity = 0.28 Btu/
h·ft2), including the evaporator, waterboxes, and suction elbow. The economizer and
motor cooling lines are insulated with 3/8" and 1/2" insulation respectively.
Refrigerant Pumpout/Reclaim Connections
Connections are factory provided as standard to facilitate refrigerant reclaim/removal
required during maintenance or overhaul in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE 15.
Painting
All painted CenTraVac™surfaces are coated with two coats of air-dry beige primerfinisher prior to shipment.
Unit-Mounted Starter Options
Low-voltage (200–600 V) unit-mounted starters can be wye-delta, solid-state, or adaptive
frequency drive in a NEMA 1 enclosure.
Medium-voltage starters (2,300–6,600 V) are available to unit-mount on most sizes
in full-voltage, primary reactor, or autotransformer.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
83
Mechanical Specifications
Trane Adaptive Frequency Drive (AFD)
The Trane AFD is a closed loop, liquid cooled, microprocessor-based PWM design.
The AFD is both voltage- and current-regulated. The output power devices are
IGBT transistors.
The AFD is factory mounted on the chiller and ships completely assembled, wired,
and tested. Patented Trane AFD control logic is specifically designed to interface with
the centrifugal chiller controls. AFD control adapts to the operating ranges and specific
characteristics of the chiller, and chiller efficiency is optimized by coordinating
compressor motor speed and compressor inlet guide vane position. The chilled-water
control and AFD control work together to maintain the chilled-water setpoint, improve
efficiency and avoid surge. If surge is detected, AFD surge avoidance logic makes
adjustments to move away from and avoid surge at similar conditions in the future.
Standard Design Features for All Trane AFDs
•
Soft start, linear acceleration,
coast- to-stop.
Adjustable frequency from 38
to 60 hertz.
AFD can be started without a
motor connected.
Output line-to-line and line-toground short-circuit protection.
•
Simple modular construction.
•
•
All control circuit voltages are
physically and electrically isolated
from power circuit voltage.
•
•
The drive is rated for 480/60/3
input power, ±10%, with a drive
overload capability of 100% continuous
to 150% for five seconds.
Minimum efficiency of 97% at rated
load and 60 hertz.
150% instantaneous torque available for
improved surge control.
Motor thermal overload protection
102% continuous, 140% for 1.5 seconds,
108% for 60 seconds.
NEMA 1 ventilated enclosure with a
hinged, locking door is tested to a shortcircuit withstand rating of 65,000 amps.
It includes a padlockable door-mounted
circuit breaker/shunt trip with AIC rating
of 65,000 amps. The entire package
is UL/CUL listed.
•
•
•
84
•
•
EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog • CTV-PRC007-EN
Mechanical Specifications
Chiller Unit Controller Features for all Trane AFDs
The chiller unit controller capabilities provide for the control/configuration and the
retrieval/display of AFD-related data. AFD standard design features controlled through
the chiller controller included:
• Current limited to 100%
• Motor overload protection
• Phase loss, reversal, imbalance
• Motor overtemperature protection
protection
• Over/undervoltage protection
• Digitally displayed on the chiller
• Loss of follower signal—in the event
controller: output speed in hertz, output
of loss of input speed signal the AFD
speed in rpm, input-line voltage, inputwill default to 38 hertz or hold speed
line kW, output-load amps, average
based on last reference received.
current in % RLA, load power factor,
• Output speed reference via IPC3
fault, AFD transistor temperature
communication bus from the chiller
controller to the AFD
Environmental ratings:
•
32°F to 104°F (0°C to 40°C)
operating ambient temperature
•
Humidity, 95% non-condensing
•
Altitude to 3,300 feet (1,000 m),
amperage derate of 1% per every 300
feet above 3,300 feet
Refrigerant-Cooled Trane AFD Design features
•
A near unity displacement power
factor of .96 or better at all loads.
•
Full motor voltage is applied
regardless of the input voltage.
CTV-PRC007-EN • EarthWise CenTraVac Catalog
•
Integrated active rectification control
of the building AC power assures low
line-generated harmonics back to the
user’s power grid. The Trane AFD has
5% total demand distortion.
85
Standard Conversion Table
To Convert From:
Length
Feet (ft)
Inches (in)
Area
Square feet (ft2)
Square inches (in2)
Volume
Cubic feet (ft3)
Cubic inches (in3)
Gallons (gal)
Gallons (gal)
Flow
Cubic feet/min (cfm)
Cubic feet/min (cfm)
Gallons/minute (gpm)
Gallons/minute (gpm)
Velocity
Feet per minute (fpm)
Feet per second (fps)
To:
Multiply By:
meters (m)
millimeters (mm)
0.30481
25.4
square meters (m2)
square millimeters (mm2)
0.093
645.2
cubic meters (m3)
cubic mm (mm3)
liters (L)
cubic meters (m3)
0.0283
16387
3.785
0.003785
cubic meters/second (m3/s)
cubic meters/hr (m3/h)
cubic meters/hr (m3/h)
liters/second (L/s)
0.000472
1.69884
0.2271
0.06308
meters per second (m/s)
meters per second (m/s)
0.00508
0.3048
To Convert From:
To:
Energy, Power and Capacity
British thermal units per hour (Btu/h) kilowatt (kW)
British thermal units per hour (Btu) kilocalorie (kcal)
Tons (refrig. effect)
kilowatt (refrig. effect)
Tons (refrig. effect)
kilocalories per hour (kcal/hr)
Horsepower
kilowatt (kW)
Pressure
Feet of water (ft H20)
pascals (Pa)
Inches of water (in H20)
pascals (Pa)
Pounds per square inch (PSI)
pascals (Pa)
PSI
bar or kg/cm2
Weight
Ounces
kilograms (kg)
Pounds (lb)
kilograms (kg)
Fouling factors for heat exchangers
=0.132 m2·°K/kW
0.00085 ft2·°F·hr/Btu
=0.044 m2·°K/kW
0.00025 ft2·°F·hr/Btu
Multiply By:
0.000293
0.252
3.516
3024
0.7457
2990
249
6895
6.895 x 10-2
0.02835
0.4536
Conversions
Scale
Celsius
Fahrenheit
x°C =
x°F =
Temperature
°C
°F
x
1.8x+32
(x-32)/1.8
x
1°C =
1°F =
Temperature Interval
°C
°F
1
9/5=1.8
5/9
1
Trane
www.trane.com
For more information, contact your local Trane
office or e-mail us at [email protected]
Literature Order Number
CTV-PRC007-EN
Date
January 2008
Supersedes
June 2005
Trane has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to
change design and specifications without notice.