advertisement
▼
Scroll to page 2
of 5
6it61633.fm Page 34 Tuesday, July 13, 2004 6:24 PM ,6758=,21,3(5/ 862 35,0$',86$5(,/3,$12&27785$ 68**(5,0(17,3(5/$787(/$ '(// $0%,(17( 35(&$8=,21,(5$&&20$1'$=,21, *(1(5$/, &216,*/,3(55,63$50,$5((1(5*,$ 0$187(1=,21((38/,=,$ 6(59,=,2',$66,67(1=$7(&1,&$ ,167$//$=,21( &211(66,21,(/(775,&+( 6it61633.fm Page 35 Tuesday, July 13, 2004 6:24 PM 35,0$',86$5(,/3,$12&27785$ 3HURWWHQHUHODPDVVLPDVRGGLVID]LRQHGDO SLDQRFRWWXUDVLSUHJDGLOHJJHUH DWWHQWDPHQWHOHSUHVHQWLLVWUX]LRQLHGL FRQVHUYDUOHSHUIXWXUDFRQVXOWD]LRQH 7HQHUHLOPDWHULDOHG LPEDOODJJLRVDFFKLGLSODVWLFD SDUWLGLSROLVWLURORHFFIXRULGHOODSRUWDWDGHLEDPELQL LQTXDQWRSRWHQ]LDOPHQWHSHULFRORVR 9HULILFDUHVHLOSLDQRFRWWXUDqVWDWRGDQQHJJLDWR GXUDQWHLOWUDVSRUWR $VVLFXUDUVLFKHO LQVWDOOD]LRQHHOHFRQQHVVLRQL HOHWWULFKHVLDQRHVHJXLWHGDXQWHFQLFR TXDOLILFDWRFKHVLDWWHQJDDOOHLVWUX]LRQLGHO SURGXWWRUHHFKHRSHULLQFRQIRUPLWjDOOHQRUPH GLVLFXUH]]DORFDOLDWWXDOPHQWHLQYLJRUH 68**(5,0(17,3(5/$787(/$ '(// $0%,(17( ,PEDOODJJLR ,OPDWHULDOHG LPEDOODJJLRqLQWHUDPHQWHULFLFODELOHHGq FRQWUDVVHJQDWRGDOVLPERORGLULFLFODJJLR FKHOR LGHQWLILFDFRPHXQWLSRGLPDWHULDOHFKHGHYHHVVHUH LQYLDWRDFHQWULORFDOLGLVPDOWLPHQWRGHLULILXWL 3URGRWWR ,OSLDQRFRWWXUDq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zUHQGHUVL QHFHVVDULDXQDYHQWLOD]LRQHVXSSOHPHQWDUH DSUHQGRXQDILQHVWUDRGDXPHQWDQGRODIRU]DGL DVSLUD]LRQHGHOODFDSSD 7HQHUHORQWDQLLEDPELQLTXDQGRLOSLDQRqLQ IXQ]LRQH 'RSRO XVRDVVLFXUDUVLFKHOHPDQRSROHVLDQRLQ SRVL]LRQH]HUR 'LFKLDUD]LRQHGLFRQIRUPLWj ,OSUHVHQWHSLDQRFRWWXUDqLGRQHRSHULOFRQWDWWRFRQ JOLDOLPHQWLHGqFRQIRUPHDOOD'LUHWWLYD&(( ,OSUHVHQWHSLDQRFRWWXUD&ODVVH<qVWDWRSURJHWWDWR SHUHVVHUHXWLOL]]DWRVRORSHUODFRWWXUDGLFLEL 4XDOVLDVLDOWURXVRFRPHTXHOORGLULVFDOGDUHXQD VWDQ]DqLPSURSULRHSHULFRORVR ,OSUHVHQWHSLDQRFRWWXUDqVWDWRSURJHWWDWRFRVWUXLWR HFRPPHUFLDOL]]DWRLQFRQIRUPLWj DLUHTXLVLWLGLVLFXUH]]DGHOOD'LUHWWLYD&(( ´%DVVD7HQVLRQHµ DLUHTXLVLWLGLSURWH]LRQHGHOOD'LUHWWLYD&(( ´(0&µ DLUHTXLVLWLGHOOD'LUHWWLYD&(( 6it61633.fm Page 36 Tuesday, July 13, 2004 6:24 PM &216,*/,3(55,63$50,$5((1(5*,$ ,OSLDQRFRWWXUDqGRWDWRGLSLDVWUHHOHWWULFKHGLYDULRGLDPHWUR 8WLOL]]DUHWHJDPLHSHQWROHFRQXQGLDPHWURGHOIRQGRXJXDOHR OLHYHPHQWHPDJJLRUHGLTXHOORGHOOHSLDVWUH 8WLOL]]DUHVROWDQWRSHQWROHHWHJDPLFRQIRQGLSLDWWL 1RQDFFHQGHUHXQDSLDVWUDVHQ]DFROORFDUHXQFRQWHQLWRUH VXOODVWHVVD 6HSRVVLELOHWHQHUHLOWHJDPHFRSHUWRGXUDQWHODFRWWXUD &XRFHUHYHUGXUHSDWDWHHFFFRQXQDSLFFRODTXDQWLWj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it61633.fm Page 37 Tuesday, July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jFKHXQLQWHUYHQWRRGXQD ULSDUD]LRQHVLDHIIHWWXDWDGDXQWHFQLFRQRQDXWRUL]]DWR ULFKLHGHUHVHPSUHXQ DWWHVWD]LRQHGHOO LQWHUYHQWRHVHJXLWRHG LQVLVWHUHVXOO XVRGLSH]]LGLULFDPELRRULJLQDOL /DPDQFDWDRVVHUYDQ]DGLTXHVWHLVWUX]LRQLSXz FRPSURPHWWHUHODVLFXUH]]DHODTXDOLWjGHOSURGRWWR ,167$//$=,21( ,QIRUPD]LRQLWHFQLFKHSHUO LQVWDOODWRUH 4XHVWRSLDQRFRWWXUDSXzHVVHUHLQFDVVDWRLQXQSLDQRGLODYRUR GLVSHVVRUHGDDPP 6HVRWWRLOSLDQRFRWWXUDQRQYLHQHLQVWDOODWRQHVVXQDOWUR HOHWWURGRPHVWLFRLQVHULUHXQSDQQHOORVHSDUDWRUHDGDOPHQR PPGDOOLPLWHLQIHULRUHGHOSLDQRFRWWXUD 6HYLHQHLQVWDOODWRXQPRELOHYHUWLFDOHRFFRUUHODVFLDUHXQR VSD]LROLEHURGLDOPHQRPPIUDLOPRELOHHGLOERUGRGHO SLDQRFRWWXUD ,QVWDOOD]LRQHGHOSLDQRFRWWXUD $SSOLFDUHODJXDUQL]LRQHIRUQLWDLQGRWD]LRQHDWWRUQRDOSLDQR FRWWXUDDPHQRFKHQRQVLDJLjVWDWDLQVWDOODWDGRSRDYHUQH SXOLWRODVXSHUILFLHFRPHLOOXVWUDWRLQILJXUD $ 6HLOSLDQRGLODYRURqLQOHJQRXWLOL]]DUHOHPROOHIRUQLWHLQ GRWD]LRQH QHOODULVSHWWLYDVHGHVRWWRLOSLDQRDFDVVHWWD ,QVWDOODUHOHPROOH 5LFDYDUHXQ DSHUWXUDQHOSLDQRGLODYRURULVSHWWDQGROHGLPHQVLRQL LQGLFDWHQHOO DFFOXVDVFKHGDSURGRWWR ,QVWDOODUHLOSLDQRFRWWXUDQHOSLDQRGLODYRUR % 6HLOSLDQRGLODYRURq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´<µVHFRQGROHQRUPH(1 / LQVWDOOD]LRQHGHYHRWWHPSHUDUHDOOHORFDOLQRUPDWLYHGLVLFXUH]]D 6it61633.fm Page 38 Tuesday, July 13, 2004 6:24 PM &211(66,21,(/(775,&+( &RQQHVVLRQLHOHWWULFKH /HFRQQHVVLRQLHOHWWULFKHGHYRQRHVVHUHFRQIRUPLDOOHQRUPH ORFDOL ,GDWLUHODWLYLDOODWHQVLRQHHDOO DVVRUELPHQWRVRQRULSRUWDWLVXOOD WDUJKHWWDPDWULFROD /DPHVVDDWHUUDGHOO HOHWWURGRPHVWLFRqXQUHTXLVLWRGLOHJJH ,OSURGXWWRUHGHFOLQDRJQLUHVSRQVDELOLWjSHUHYHQWXDOLGDQQL ROHVLRQLDSHUVRQHDQLPDOLGRPHVWLFLRGRJJHWWLGHULYDQWL GDOODPDQFDWDRVVHUYDQ]DGHOOHQRUPHVRSUDULSRUWDWH 1HOO LPSLDQWRRFFRUUHLQVWDOODUHXQLQWHUUXWWRUHFRQXQD ODUJKH]]DGLDSHUWXUDGHOFRQWDWWRGLDOPHQRPPFKH FRQVHQWDDOO HOHWWURGRPHVWLFRGLHVVHUHVFROOHJDWR GDOO DOLPHQWD]LRQH 8QDYROWDWHUPLQDWDO LQVWDOOD]LRQHLFRPSRQHQWLHOHWWULFLQRQ GHYRQRSLHVVHUHDFFHVVLELOL &ROOHJDPHQWRHGLQVWDOOD]LRQH )RUQR3LDQRFRWWXUD ,QVHULUHLOIRUQRQHOODFDYLWjHILVVDUOR VRQRLQQHVWDWHQHOODSUHVDGL /HTXDWWURVSLQHLQFDVVDWH FROOHJDPHQWRGHOODFXFLQD 9HULILFDUHFKHOHVSLQHVLDQRLQVHULWHFRUUHWWDPHQWH$WWHQ]LRQH,O FRORUHGHOODVSLQDGHYHFRQFRUGDUHFRQTXHOORGHOODSUHVDELDQFR QHURYHUGHEOX ,QVHULUHLOIRUQRQHOODFDYLWjGHOPRELOHHILVVDUHFRQOHYLWLIRUQLWHLQ GRWD]LRQH 1RWD 6HVLLQWHQGHFROOHJDUHLOSDQQHOORGLFRQWUROORVHSDUDWRQRQFROOHJDUHLO SLDQRGLUHWWDPHQWHDOIRUQRPDOHJJHUHDWWHQWDPHQWHOHLVWUX]LRQL IRUQLWHFRQLOSDQQHOORGLFRQWUROOR
advertisement
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project