Panasonic KXP3131 Operating Instructions

rating ructions In Daisy Wheel Printer KXP3131| fi - ! añ ` x NA ÓN -Le VE AMAN — TAG) CONV Saa HA) NING Maa Mete" 15 M0 Panasonic Before operating this unit, please read these instructions completely. ÿ This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device in accordance with the specifications set forth in Subpart J of Part 15 of the FCC Rules. If this equipment does cause Interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, use the equipment in another location and/or utilize an electrical outlet different from that used by the receiver. When using special accessories such as cable, the user should use accessories recommended in these operating instructions or supplied by the manufacturer to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules. WARNING: to PREVENT FIRE OR SHOCK HAZARD, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS PRODUCT TO RAIN OR ANY TYPE OF MOISTURE. J The serial number of the unit may be found on the label on the bottom of the unit. For your convenience, note this number below, and retain this book along with your proof of purchase, to serve as a permanent record of your purchase in the event of a theft, or for future reference. MODEL NO. KX-P3131 NAME OF DEALER SERIAL NO. DATE OF PURCHASE — / DISCLAIMER The material in this manual is for information purposes only. The contents and the product it describes are subject to change without notice. Panasonic Industrial Company makes no representations or warranties with respect to this manual. In no event shall Panasonic Industrial Company be liable for any damages, direct or incidental, arising out of or related to the use of this manual. MICROSOFT® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. IBM® and IBM-PC® are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. APPLE® is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Diablo® and Hytype® are registered trademarks XEROX CORPORATION. Qume® is a registered trademark of Qume Corporation. Wang® is a registered trademark of Wang Laboratories, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Section | INTRODUCTION ~~ Page 1.1 Product Overview ....... __.ee.eresverveodrvvvrevcernir rrvare re. 1-1 1.2 Basics of Daisywheel Printers ...........ececeeomresrevrervereve. 1-1 1.3 Names of the Parts ..........o_e-ererecoreecero aaron. 1-3 1.4 Specifications ........ aaa aa aendadrd,erevereara»erner vano 1-5 INSTALLATION 2.1 Unpacking and Inspection . . ........ oii, 2-1 2,2 Site Requirements .....000000000000 000 KK 2-1 2.3 Initial Setup . .. «ooo terre о 2-1 | OPERATION 3.1 Switches and Indicators . .. co coi viii ei ii ea 3-1 3.2 DIP Switches ......... ocorrenvedre orar eroone rerdarrr rro me 3-4 3.3 Self Test ..........coe.er_esarecoerevervrraarerrerrea va vrerreo 3-4 3.4 Power Up Sequence ........... ee eee ea 3-5 SOFTWARE COMMANDS 4.1 Introduction © ot rt et et te ee ee eee ee 4-1 4.2 Control Codes .......... _eeeeorerire re e eddrererve rear ere 4-1 4.3 Entering Control Codes Through Commercial Software Packages ..... 4-1 4,4 Entering Control Codes Directly from the Keyboard ............—... . 4-2 4.5 Entering Control Codes from Within a Program ................... 4-2 4.6 Entering Hexadecimal Code ................. cian. 4-2 4.7 Single-Byte Control Codes .......... coi 4-3 4.8 Multi-Byte Control Codes ............ iii ses eee es 4-3 4.9 Special Code for IBM-PC® oii AK 4-3 410 Formatting Commands .............. viii iii 4-4 411 Horizontal Movement Commands .............. iii 4-16 412 Vertical Movement Commands .......... iii iia 4-22 413 PrintMode Commands ..........._.eeemeneerenno eee 4-28 4.14 Word Processing Commands ........... cc iii enn 00» 4-41 4.15 Miscellaneous Commands ........ ERP 4 4e 40 0 4-54 INTERFACING 5.1 Parallel Interfacing ..... cc. een ea a eee 5-1 5.2 Connector SIgNAIS . . «o.oo rre 5-2 5.3 Print Buffer oho eet et eee es ite eit aaa 5-3 MAINTENANCE 6.1 Preventive Maintenance .........202204 44404 40 a 4 14 0 1 4 eee 000 0 6-1 6.2 Periodic Maintenance ..........2020240 40404 4e 4 a 0 ee 6-1 6.3 Replacing Ribbon Cassette ......... .... cc oii 6-1 6.4 Troubleshooting ..........200200 044 ea ee a ae a es ae eee rene 6-2 6.5 Installation of RS-232C Adapter Option .........eee_errerereeceoseena 6-2 APPENDIX A ASCII Code Table .......... _e.ns00a0riear rene. A-1 APPENDIX B Control Code Table ........e.eoeemeecnvarverevc. B-1 APPENDIX C Proportional Spacing Table ....................... C-1 APPENDIX D Courier 10 Printwheel . ... ..... vivo D-1 APPENDIX E DIP Switch Settings ............. ee E-1 APPENDIX F Software Commands ........2202000 0000011 ea eee = F-1 GLOSSARY 1... 220124 44 4 444 44 4 84 a ee A 4 4 ES 4 80 1 ea eee 0 G-1 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5A 2.58 2.5C 2.6A 2.6B 2.7A 2.78 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 6.1 INTRODUCTION Parts Location ............ 2. LL A A RL INSTALLATION Installation Requirements ................... 0. "nea. Raising the Top Cover ..... ee uaoera Removing the Carriage Stopper . erere, installing the Print Wheel aaa Removing the Ribbon Slack ................... ..... 0... .. Installing the Ribbon Cassette ................................ Ribbon installed ................ a LL a ae a aa La ALL Installing the Paper ............... conn... Cee 6 Paper Release Lever .............. cnn, Removing the Paper Support .............. i... Hanging the Paper Support .................. i. OPERATION Pin Configuration ............... 2. at RAA aro Timing Diagram ................ 200000 e aaa 1.4 || Specifications Power requirements: Current: Type: Print wheel: Printing direction: Printing speed: Paper feed: Paper width: Margin Control: Resolution: Print pitch: Print line: Lines per inch: Column spacing: Line spacing: Form length: Carriage return speed: Paper feed speed: Number of copies: Ribbon: Character intensity: Interface: Print wheel life: Temperature/Humidity: Dimensions: Weight: Print Whee!: AC 120 V {60 Hz) 0.8A Fully formed serial impact 96 characters Bi-directional with logic seeking 17 cps (10 pitch Shannon Text) Friction standard Up to 13.5 inches (343 mm) NORM/JUST/LM/RM (Control switch selectable) Horizontal spacing 1/120" (0.21 mm) Vertical spacing 1/48" (0.53 mm) 10, 12, 15 pitch and proportional spacing 11 inches (279 mm) 110 columns (10 pitch) 132 columns (12 pitch) 165 columns (15 pitch) 6 or 8 (DIP switch selectable) Variable: 120 positions per inch (1/120” (0.21 mm)) 6, 4, 3 lines per inch (25.4 mm) 8.5 inches (216 mm), 11 inches (279 mm) (DIP switch selectable) 1.3 second [11” (279 mm)] 136 ms/line [1.2” (31 mm)/sec] Carbon: Original +3 copies (Total thickness 0.3 mm) Carbonless: Original +4 copies (Total thickness 0.3 mm) Multi-strike — Hiya hype Z7 Switch selectable (light, medium and heavy) Centronics parallel standard 15 million characters Operating: 41°F to 104°F (5°C to 40°C)/20~80% humidity Storage: —4°F to 140°F (—20°C to 60°C)/10~90% humidity 18.9(W) x 12.8(D) x 6.6(H) inches 480(W) x 325(D) x 168(H) mm 19.7 Ibs. (9 kg) Panasonic Courier 10 (compatible with Diablo 630) is supplied with printer. Panasonic's daisy wheel printers are designed to work with Diablo 96 character/Diablo compatible plastic print wheels. For information about the nearest dealer for Diablo print wheels, please call Diablo Systems, Inc. tol! free number 1-800-227-2776, in California, 1-800-972-5217. 1-5 HE INSTALLATION 2.1 Unpacking and Inspection Carefully open the shipping carton and remove the contents. The carton should contain the following items: Printer Operating Instructions Every printer is inspected and carefully packaged prior to shipment. However, you should inspect the printer and accessories for damage. Report shortages or damage to the store from which the unit was purchased. Inside the front cover is an area for recording important information regarding the purchase of the printer. Save the carton in the event it is necessary to ship the printer. 2.2 || Site Requirements This printer can be installed in any normal office environment. No special wiring is necessary. However, the printer works best if it does not share an outlet with electrically noisy equipment such as machinery, motors, etc. No special cooling is required. Allow 4” (10 cm) clearance on all sides for proper ventilation. Put the printer on a sturdy, flat surface away from any heat source. Figure 2.1 lists the installation requirements. Line Voltage AC 120 V Frequency 60 Hz Temperature 41—104°F (5—40°C) Humidity 20~80% Figure 2.1 Installation Requirements 2-1 2.3 | | Initial Setup This section covers such things as removing the carriage clamp, installing the ribbon, inserting and aligning the paper, etc. Raising the top cover The top cover serves the dual purpose of keeping foreign objects out of the printer and keeping the noise in. It is hinged and can be raised with both hands as shown in Figure 2.2. The smoked plastic section of the cover allows the user to view the printing operation. Figure 2.2 Raising the Top Cover Removing the carriage stopper The carriage and printhead assembly is the heart of the printer. Therefore it must be protected against vibrations and excessive movement during transit. A carriage stopper is used to hold the carriage in place and must be removed before operating the printer. Figure 2.3 shows the location of the carriage stopper. Remove the carriage stopper and put in the shipping carton for safe keeping. Be sure to replace it before transporting the printer. Carriage stopper Figure 2.3 Removing Carriag Stopper Installing/Removing the print wheel Before installing the print wheel, the ribbon cassette must be removed. There is a green lever to the right of the printer hammer. Pull this lever towards you. The printhead assembly will rock backward exposing the daisywhee! mounting post. Notice that both the mounting post and the print wheel are keyed. Align the printwhee! and press it down on the mounting post as far as it will go. Next, reposition the hammer assembly back to its original position, When removing a print wheel, grab the wheel by the center knob and pull the wheel off. Be careful not to bang the print wheel against the printer. The plastic petals are fragile and can easily be broken. >>“ / VEN Figure 2.4 Installing the Print Wheel Installing/Removing the Ribbon Refer to Figures 2.5A, 2.5B and 2.5C. Prior to installing the cassette, remove any slack or wrinkles in the ribbon by rotating the Ribbon Advance Knob on the cassette in a counterclock- wise direction. Position the cassette over the printhead and lower it in place insuring that the ribbon slips between the clear plastic ribbon shield and the daisy wheel. Align the cassette over the guide posts and gently but firmly press down on the cassette until the two latches snap into place. (might be necessary to rotate the Ribbon Advance Knob on the ribbon cassette to align it with the capstan on the cassette). 2-2 To remove the ribbon, gently push down on the side latches and lift the cassette straight up. Figure 2.5C Ribbon Installed Intalling the paper This printer can handle paper from 4” (102 mm) to 13.5" (343 mm) wide. The paper can be single sheets, fed in one at a time. Cut sheet feeder and tractor teed options are available. Loading paper in this printer is similar to loading a typewriter. Stand the paper support and wait until the computer is ready before loading the paper. If paper is inserted before the computer is ready, AUTO PAPER LOAD may not function. Insert the paper as Figure 2.6A shows behind the platen and pull the paper bail lever to far front of the printer to wrap the paper automatically around the platen. Then push back the paper bail lever back into its original position before starting printer operation. Paper guide Ae Paper support Paper Paper release bail lever lever N If necessary, to advance the paper, press the line feed switch (LF) or press and rotate left platen knob. To release the pinch rollers pull forward on the paper release lever located on the right side and pull the paper bail lever. Refer to Figure 2.6B. The paper can be moved and aligned as required. Use the markings and the paper guide on the paper support as a guide for aligning the paper. Be sure to engage the pinch rollers by pushing the paper release lever into its original position and push the paper bail lever before starting printer operation. When using a very thin paper, install the paper in the center of the platen. Printing area is as shown below. Be = Тин 1st character Printing area A: 1.48 inches (37.6 mm) B: 1 inch (25.4 mm) A: When the paper guide is set to far left. B: When using AUTO PAPER LOAD function. 2-3 Zo te = ен La mL Te = es ocx garer pe) Figure 2.6B Paper Release Lever Removing the paper support When using cut sheet feeder and tractor feed options, remove the paper support by slightly raising the rear side of it and lifting it straight upward. Refer to Figure 2.7A. The paper support can be hanged on the back of the printer. Refer to Figure 2.7B. Paper support + Figure 2.7B Hanging the Paper Support AC OPERATION Setting the top of form This printer has a line counter which keeps track of the vertical position of the page. Each time power is tumed on the line counter is reset and the current position of the printhead is designated as line zero. This location is referred to as Top of Form (TOF). When a Form Feed (FF) command is received the paper will advance to the top of the next page. Page length is determined by the setting of DIP switch SW-3 (See Figure 3.4) or by the Page Length Setting command. To set the top of form, position the paper as required and turn the power switch ON. The first line is printed out 1/37 (8.5 mm) down from the lines of the clear plastic ribbon shield. Ribbon shield First line 3-1 Switches and Indicators 3.1 Most of the switches needed to operate the printer are accessible from the front of the printer. There are four DIP switches under the cover. Figure 3.1 shows the location of these switches. Selector switches Function switches Power switch Figure 3.1 Switch Locations Power and Error Indicator The POWER light is lit whenever AC power is supplied to the printer. The ERROR light blinks if ribbon ends, and is lit if the top cover is opened, data is not received correctly and no paper is installed (only when tractor feed option is installed). To clear the condition, eliminate the causes of the errors and press the ON LINE switch. MARGIN SET - > ee JC) CU POWER Ld ERROR Figure 3.2 Function Switches Function Switches ON LINE, FF, LF switches are located on the right front panel. These switches are also used on margin settings. ON LINE switch The ON LINE switch is an alternate action switch which opens and closes the communications line with the computer. When the power switch is turned on, the printer will power up in the ON LINE mode. In the ON LINE mode, the printer is able to receive information from the computer and the ON LINE indicator will be lit. When OFF LINE, the indicator light will be out and the printer can no longer receive data. Refer to Figure 3.3. The LF switch and FF switch are active in the ON LINE mode, but are inactive during data receiving or printing. (93 COMPUTER |le——» PRINTER COMPUTER <—X— PRINTER OFF LINE Figure 3.3 ON LINE & OFF LINE Form Feed switch Pressing the FF switch will advance the paper from its current location to the top of the next form. This printer has a line counter which keeps track of the current line position of the printhead. Forward and reverse line feeds increment or decrement the counter as required. Upon receipt of an FF command, the paper wiil be advanced the required number of lines to position the head at the top of the next form. Note: Rotating the platen knob will not change the line counter. Therefore, changing the paper position using the platen knob could result in an incorrect “top of form” advance. | Line Feed switch Pressing the LF switch causes the paper to be advanged one line. Holding the switch down will result in multiple line feeds. The line feed counter will be incremented one count for each line advance. Selector Switches On the left front panel are 4 slide switches. (See Figure 3.1) These switches control the selection of mode, pitch, line spacing, and impression. The Margin Control switch, Pitch selector, Line spacing selector and Impression selector are active both in the OFF LINE mode and in the ON LINE mode except during data receiving or printing. Margin Control AA ES NORM JUST LM RM The Margin Control switch provides the user with an easy way to set both left and right margins. Additionally, this switch allows the user to select justification mode within the specified margin settings. To use the switch, proceed as follows: — Set the switch to LM (left margin) or RM (right margin). The ON LINE light will flash at a 0.3 second rate. This indicates that the printer is in the ‘margin set’ mode. — Hold down the FF or LF switch to move the carriage left or right to the desired position. —When the carriage reaches far left or right end, it will move rapidly to reverse side by holding down the FF or LF switch continuously. —When the carriage is at the proper location, release the button. Press the ON LINE switch. The light will stop flashing for approximately 1 second. This means the margin has been set. —When left margin is set exceeding the right margin, right margin becomes right end, and when right margin is set exceeding left margin, left margin becomes left end. — Move the selector to the other margin position and repeat the above procedure. — When both margins have been set, return the switch to the JUST position if the printer is to justify within the specified margins or to NORM if the printer is not to justify the printed information. In either case, the ON LINE light will quit flashing and the printer will be OFF LINE. Note: The left and right margins which are set by the margin control switch are not released by the 3.9 printer RESET commands. Pitch selector —i 5 LE, 10 12 15 PS The PITCH Selector switch determines the number of characters per inch to be printed. The setting should match the pitch of the printwheel being used. If the pitch is not the same, irregular spacing of characters may result. Setting Char/Inch (25.4 mm) Char/Line 10 10 110 12 12 132 15 15 165 PS Proportional spacing Line spacing selector The LINE SPACING switch controls have many lines. The paper will advance when a line feed command is received. The setting of DIP switch 2 will determine the actual distance (in inches) the paper will advance. Setting Function SW-2: OFF SW-2: ON 1 1/6" (4.2 mm) 1/8" {3.2 mm) 11/2 1/4” (6.4 mm) 3/16" (4.8 mm) 2 1/3" (8.5 mm) 1/4" (6.4 mm) (Refer to SW-2: LINE SPACING) 3-3 Impression selector JIL] | The IMPRESSION selector switch determines how much impact force is applied to the printwheel. For normal single layer paper, the light impression is the most suitable. The heavy impression is for use with thick paper or multi-part forms. Setting Result ° Light Impression o Medium Impression o Heavy Impression Interlock Switch The cover interlock switch is released when the top cover is raised. At that time the printer will automatically go OFF LINE. The ERROR light is lit. The ON LINE, Form Feed, Line Feed and Margin Control switches are inactive. When the cover is closed the switches become active but the printer will not automatically go ON LINE. The ON LINE switch must be pressed. 3.2 || DIP Switches There are four DIP switches inside the printer, Figure 3.1 shows the location of these switches. Some of the switches settings can be changed thru software commands. Note: eThe position of the DIP switches are sensed only at power-up or when a RESET condition occurs. Therefore, cycle the power switch after a switch position has been changed. Otherwise, the new switch setting will be ignored. Be sure to turn the power off and move the carriage to the left before changing the DIP switches, SW-1: AUTO LINE FEED (AUTO FEED XT) If this switch is set in the ON position, the printer will automatically advance the paper one line (LF) . when it receives a carriage return command (CR). If the switch is in the OFF position, no LF will be performed and the carriage will return to the left margin of the current line. SW-2: LINE SPACING When SW-2 is on, this printer will print 8 lines per inch (each line feed is 1/8” (3.2 mm)). When the switch is in the OFF position, there will be 6 lines per inch (1/6" (4.2 mm) line feed). The line spacing pitch (lines per inch) can be changed by using the Vertical Motion Index (VMI) software command. Refer to Section 4 for example. SW-3: FORM LENGTH This switch controls the default setting for Length of Form. When SW-3 is ON, the form length will be 8.5". If the switch is OFF the length will be 11”. If you wish to use a different form length, the setting must be made using software commands. Refer to Section 4 for example. SW-4: CUT SHEET FEEDER OPTION This switch is used in conjunction with a cut sheet feeder. When cut sheet feeder is used, SW-4 should be ON. If no cut sheet feeder is being used, SW-4 should be OFF. 3.3 || Self Test The self test feature allows the printer to be tested by itself without the need to connect it to a computer. The self test can also be used to isolate a particular fault within the printer. The self test is invoked by turning the power ON while holding down the LF switch. The printer will then begin the self test. !t will print the setting of the function switches and the DIP switches, the ROM version and status of the RAM (OK, NG). The self test can be placed on hold by pressing the ON LINE button. If pressed again, the self test will resume when it left off. The printer will stay in the self test mode until the power is turned off. Margin Control Pitch Line Space DIP switch settings Impression | | | NORM 10 1 L OFF OFF OFF OFF MEMORY TEST ROM (VER A) STANDARD RAM ... OK OK E!URSSE' ()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>7@ L'HSS&' ()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?Ga "#S%&'()*+,-./0123456789::<=>?@AB ESSE" ()*+,—-./0123456789: +<=>?AABC $3&"'()*+,-./0123456789::<=>?@ABCD 3&'()*+,-./0123456789;;<=>?@ABCDE &" ()#*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEF ()*+,-./B123456789: :<=>?AABCDEFG ()*+,-./8123456789: :<=>? ABCDEFGH )*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHI *+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJ ; ; < <= => 3.4 || Power Up Sequence The following procedures should be followed when turning on the printer: — . Insure that the carriage stopper has been removed. . Install the printwheel. . Install the ribbon cassette. . Set the selector switches and DIP switches. . Make sure the power switch is in the OFF position and plug the power cord into the proper outlet. 6. Turn the power on. GI 4 © ND When power is turned on, the printer will sense the position of all the switches and set the operating conditions of the printer accordingly. All special conditions set through software commands are cleared and the buffer is cleared. The carriage will go to the home position and the printwheel will rotate to the home position (the starting point). The left margin will be column one. The right margin will be full column. A new Top of Form is set at the current location. If no error conditions exist (lid open or paper end when installed tractor or cut sheet feeder option) the printer will be ON LINE and ready for operation. If an error condition does exist, correct the problem. It is a good idea to perform a SELF TEST to check overall printer operation when operating the printer for the first time. To help you become familiar with the printer, try changing various switch settings to see what affect they have on the printed output. When the printer is initialized, the following conditions are set. — Margin Control, Type Pitch, Line Spacing and Impression are set according to the position of these selector switches. — Form Length, Line Spacing, etc. are set according to the position of DIP switch. (see Figure 3.4) — Bi-directional print mode is set. — The data in the buffer is cleared. — Carriage goes to the home position. — The printer goes ON LINE unless it is ERROR condition. — Left, Right, Top and Bottom Margins are cleared. — All HT and VT Stops are cleared. — Word Processing Mode is OFF. —Print Mode are cleared. DIP Position switch | Set on ofr | wen | Gre Number Shipped AUTO LINE FEED Carriage Return Carriage SW-1 plus Return only by CR OFF NO (AUTO FEED XT) Line Feed by CR code | code . . 8 lines/inch 6 lines/inch SW-2 Line Spacing (3.2 mm) (4.2 mm) OFF YES ; 8.5inches 11 inches SW-3 Form Length (216 mm) (279 mm) | OFF YES sw-4 |CutSheet Used Not Used OFF NO Feeder Option Figure 3.4 DIP Switch Setting Chart MA SOFTWARE COMMANDS Introduction 4.1 In order for a computer to communicate with a printer, both pieces of equipment must understand a common language or coding scheme. One such coding scheme is called ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange). As an example, the ASCII code for the character “K” can be expressed in any of the following forms: | (01001011):-Binary 4B uex-Hexadecimal 75 vec-Decimal Many computers allow you to enter ASCII codes in hexadecimal form. Most computers which support ASCII allow the input to be in decimal form. Many allow you to enter the code in either form. Once entered, the ASCH codes are processed by the computer as internal codes and then sent to the printer. In the sections which follow, you will see how to enter various ASCII codes to enable the printer to perform the functions you would like. Since the decima! equivalent of the ASCI! code is most commonly used, all examples which follow will use the decimal form. Appendix A, B and C (See Page A-1, B-1, C-1) contain the ASCII character and control code tables used by this printer. 4.2 || Control Codes The various printer functions are set through the use of control codes, which consist of one or more ASCII characters entered into the computer in a special way. These control codes often differ from printer to printer. Control codes generally fall into two categories: single-byte control codes and multi-byte control codes. The multi-byte control codes are often referred to as Escape Sequences since each code begins with the ASCII code for the ESCAPE character (ESC). Such an ESC character should not be confused with the Escape Key found on some computer keyboards. Control codes can be sent to this printer from your computer in different ways. The three most common ways are: 4-1 eThrough commercial software packages eDirectly from the keyboard eFrom within a user-written program The latter two methods will specifically reference the BASIC language, although other languages such as FORTRAN, PASCAL, etc., can also be used. We will use BASIC since it is a relatively easy language to use. In addition it is the most commonly used microcomputer language. 4.3 | | Entering Control Codes Through Commercial Software Packages Many computer users do not have the time, the expertise, or the interest to develop software suited for their applications. In such cases software written by professionals can be purchased. Such software should be selected not only to meet the needs of the user, but must also be compatible with both computer and printer. Commercial software is often written with what is called a driver. A driver is that part of the software which allows the user to configure the package to the type of printer and interface being used. Once the software has been booted, the user is generally requested to supply. additional information such as: eBrand/Model of printer being used. eSlot number in which interface card is installed, eBaud rate, parity, etc. if a serial interface is being used. Once the necessary information has been supplied, the software will provide the computer with the control codes and other data needed by this printer, Many word processing packages will request that you enter the ASCII codes used by this printer for special settings such as underlining, bold print, shadow print, etc. In all cases you should refer to your software instruction manual for the proper use of the package with this printer. 4.4 || Entering Control Codes Directly from the Keyboard With many computers, the BASIC language is ready to use once you power up. With others, BASIC must be loaded from cassette or disk. In any case, once BASIC is ready, you may then enter this printer control commands directly from your computer keyboard. BASIC requires the use of the PRINT command (or LPRINT, PRINT#, etc. depending on the type of BASIC your computer uses) to process and send the control commands to this printer. As part of this PRINT. command, you must supply the appropriate ASCII code(s) for the CHR$ function. For example, the command: LPRINT CHR$(27)+ “E” followed by a RETURN will set this printer to underline mode. Subsequent output to this printer will be underlined. If, after issuing the above command, subsequent PRINT statements output nothing to the printer, check for one or more of the following: eHave you indicated to the computer that output is to the printer and not the screen? For exampie, PR#1, say, causes subsequent PRINT statements on the Apple® computer to PRINT to the printer and not the screen; LPRINT does the same in Microsoft® BASIC. els the printer on line? If not, press the aqua ON LINE button on the front panel. eis the interface cable plugged into the computer and printer? eWhen using the serial interface option, is the baud rate setting on the printer the same as that on the computer or interface card? Notice that when you enter a BASIC command directly from the keyboard, you do NOT use a line number as you would in a BASIC program. Moreover, control codes may be entered only one line at a time. 4.5 | | Entering Control Codes from Within a Program Control commands may also be entered from within a BASIC program. The advantage to this technique is that you can incorporate a number of different control commands into a single program and therefore produce output with a variety of special feature. This is done by RUNning your program once. In this case BASIC requires that each line in your program be preceded by a line number. As an example, we mentioned earlier that the command LPRINT CHR$(27)+“E” entered directly from the keyboard will set underlining on this printer. From within a BASIC program, this command might be: 10 LPRINT CHR$(27)+“E”; The remainder of this chapter will show you how to enter each of the control commands which this printer uses. All examples will be BASIC programs which use LPRINT to access the printer and use decimal numbers for the ASCII codes. 4.6 || Entering Hexadecimal Code In the event that you will be entering ASCII codes in hexadecimal form, you must supply two extra characters per code. These are the ampersand (&) and the letter H. The example below illustrates the BASIC command to set underlining on this printer. Decimal LPRINT CHR$(27)+“E” Hexadecimal LPRINT CHR$(&H1B)+“E” Refer to Appendix A for the ASCII code table. 4.7 Single-Byte Control Codes A number of the printer control commands require only a single ASCIl-coded character as part of the LPRINT statement. 4.8 Multi-Byte Control Codes Multi-byte control codes, often called Escape control codes or Escape sequences, always begin with an ESC designation. ESC is designated by CHR$(27) in decimal form or CHR$(&H1B) in hexadecimal form. The ESC designation is always followed by one or more additional codes, hence, the name multi-byte control code. In BASIC, these two or more bytes are joined (or concatenated) into a single command or string using either a plus (+) sign, a semicolon (;), or by neither symbol but rather by listing one byte after another without any spaces. BASIC on many computers allows you to use any of these formats. Refer to your BASIC manual for the proper method of string concatenation. Figure 4.1 shows equivalent methods of entering multi-byte control commands for most computers. There is one remaining input format commonly used to reduce the keystrokes necessary to enter a multi-byte control command. As you examine the multi-byte control commands in the pages ahead, you will notice that the second byte is often a character which appears somewhere on your keyboard. In such cases, rather than enter that character's ASCII code as part of the CHR$ function, you may simply enter that character in quotes (”). For example, to set proportional spacing (ESC+P), you may enter: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHRS$(80); OR LPRINT CHR$(27)+"P”; With this method, any of the three input formats shown in Figure 4.1 may also be used (subject to the BASIC you are using). Two-Byte Command Three-Byte Command Function Set Proportional Spacing Set Program Mode Name ESC+P ESC+SO+M Code 27,80 vec 27,14, 77 ec Input Format 1 LPRINT CHR$(27)+ CHR$(80); LPRINT CHAS(27)+CHR$(14)+CHR$(77); Input Format 2 LPRINT CHAS(27);CHR$(80); LPRINT CHR$(27);CHAS(14);CHRS(77); - Input Format 3 LPRINT CHR$(27)CHR$(80); LPRINT CHR$(27)CHR$(14)CHR$(77); Figure 4.1 Input Format 4,9 || Special Code for IBM-PC® Since LPRINT command on IBM-PC generates LF together with CR, then PRINT #1 instead of LPRINT is used to prevent this, and the program Is as shown below; 10 WIDTH “LPT1:”, 255 20 OPEN “LPT1:" AS #1 Refer to examples on page 4-16 and 4-36. PRINT #1 does not generate CR and LF, therefore CR and LF must be used when they are required. 4-3 4.10 Formatting Commands Formatting commands refer to the format of the printed page. Included are all margin setting, all tab settings, and the page length setting. ESC+9 Sets the left margin ESC+0 Sets the right margin ESC+T Sets the top margin ESC+L Sets the bottom margin ESC+C Clears the top and bottom margins ESC+FF+n Sets the number of lines per page ESC+1 Sets horizontal tab stop ESC+8 Clears horizontal tab stop ESC+- Sets vertical tab stop ESC+2 Clears all horizontal and vertical tab stops ORIGIN: ORIGIN is the position of the print head after the printer is turned on or initialized by the software command or the printer reset signal. ORIGIN is the leftmost position horizontally and the topmost position vertically that is top of form. PRINT POSITION and LINE POSITION is “1” at ORIGIN. According to ORIGIN, the left, right, top and bottom margins may be set. PRINT POSITION: PRINT POSITION is the position that a character can be actually printed in a line. The number of PRINT POSITION in a line depends on HMI. Minimum is 11 when HMI=125 and maximum is 1320 when HMI=1. The leftmost PRINT POSITION is 1, and the rightmost PRINT POSITION is 110 when HMI=12. PRINT POSITION is required by the following expression; PRINT POSITION = HOrZOMa, DIStance 4 + where the horizontal distance is the distance from the leftmost position to the position to be printed (unit: 1/120 inch = 0.21 mm). LINE POSITION: LINE POSITION is the position that a line is printed in a page. The number of LINE POSITION in a page depends upon VMI. In case of using a 11 inches paper, minimum is 5 when VMI=125 and maximum is 528 when VMI=1. The topmost LINE POSITION is 1, and the lowermost LINE POSITION is 66 when VMI=8. LINE POSITION is required by the following expression; LINE POSITION =Vertie% stanos + q where the vertical distance is the distance from top of form to the position to be printed (unit: 1/48 inch = 0.53 mm). MARGIN: The printable area can be decided by setting the left, right, top and bottom margins. The area exceeding the margins must not be printed. To set the margin, move the carriage by horizontal movement commands or the paper by vertical movement commands to the desired position, and set the left margin by ESC+9, set the right margin by ESC+0, set the top margin by ESC+T, or set the bottom margin by ESC+L, then the margin set previously is released. Form feed is executed when exceeding the bottom margin by executing LF, ESC+U. In forward printing mode, the printer prints data from left to right in the normal printing direction, or from right to left in the reverse printing direction. When exceeding the left/right margin, the printer executes line feed and continues printing. In backward printing mode, the printer prints data from right to left, and overprints at the left margin when exceeding the left margin. TAB STOP: TAB STOP may be used to move easily the carriage or the paper to the desired position. There are Horizontal Tab stop to be moved horizontally and Vertical Tab to be moved vertically. A maximum 59 horizontal/vertical tab stops may be set respectively. To set Horizontal Tab Stop, move the carriage by horizontal movement commands to the desired print position and set the horizontal tab stop by ESC+1. The printer moves the carriage by HT to the next right horizontal tab stop position set previously. HT is ignored when the horizontal tab stop has not been set on the right area of the current print position. To set Vertical Tab Stop, move the paper by vertical movement commands to desired line position and set the vertical tab stop by ESC+ —. The printer moves the paper by VT to the next lower vertical tab stop position set previously. VT is ignored when the vertical tab stop has not been set on the lower area of the current line position. LINES PER PAGE: Sets the number of LINES PER PAGE. Minimum line number is 1 and maximum is 126. The page size is required by the following expression; Page size = line number x VMI Standard Printing Format: (1) Horizontal Spacing pitch selector char./inch char./line HMI 10 10 110 12 12 12 132 10 15 15 165 8 PS variable variable 10 (2) Vertical Spacing DIP switch lines/inch lines/page VMI! 1/6” 6 66 8 1/8" 8 88 6 Software commands to decide horizontal spacing or vertical spacing override to the pitch selector or DIP switches. 4-5 ABSOLUTE TAB: ABSOLUTE TAB moves the carriage or the paper directly to the designated position to be printed or set the margin, while horizontal tab and vertical tab are relative tabulations. According to HMI, the absolute horizontal position like the first (second, third, ...) PRINT POSITION from the leftmost position, and according to VMI, the absolute vertical position like the first (second, third, ...) LINE POSITION from the topmost position are decided for each position. Therefore ABSOLUTE TAB can be executed for the designated position. The target position can be designated irrespective of the current carriage/paper position. Software command ESC+HT+n/ESC+VT+n should be used to execute ABSOLUTE TAB, and n must be the position to be desired. HORIZONTAL MOTION INDEX (HMI): HMI is the distance between characters to be printed or the distance that the carriage moves when SP code is executed. This distance is defined in multiples of 1/120 inch (0.21 mm). For example, in 10 pitch which 10 characters per inch can be printed, the distance between characters is 1/10 inch. Therefore, HMI is 12 indicated by multiples of 1/120 inch. Minimum HMI is 0, maximum is 125 (1.04 inch nominal). HMI is set freely among these values by software command. When HMI=0, no carriage movement occurs. VERTICAL MOTION INDEX (VMI): VMI is the distance between lines, or the distance that the paper (platen) moves for LF code. This distance is defined in multiples of 1/48 inch (0.53 mm). For example, when 6 lines are printed in a inch, the distance between lines is 1/6 inch. Therefore VMI is 8 indicated by multiples of 1/48 inch. Minimum VM! is 0, maximum is 125 (2.60 inch nominal). VMI is set freely among these values by software command. When VMI=0, no paper movement Occurs. 4-6 LEFT MARGIN SET Sets left margin at the current carriage position. Name: ESC+9 Code: 27,57 vec 1В,39 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+ “9”; Example: 10 20 39 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 118 128 138 148 158 1608 178 188 REM SET LEFT MARGIN FOR I=1 TO 6 LPRINT "1234567890"; NEXT I LPRINT CHR$ (13) :CHRS (18) ; LPRINT CHRS$ (27) +CHRS$ (9) +CHRS (19) ;CHRS (27)+"9":CHRS (13); FOR I=1 TO 3 LPRINT "LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT 148 COLUMNS" NEXT I LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS$ (20) ;CHRS (27)+"9" ;CHRS (13) ; FOR I=1 TO 3 LPRINT "LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT 2@ COLUMNS" NEXT I LPRINT CHR$ (27)+CHR$(9)+CHRS$ (15) ;CHRS (27)+"9";CHRS (13) ; FOR I=1 TO 3 LPRINT "LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT 15 COLUMNS" NEXT I END 123456789012345678981234567899123456789012345678991234567899 Comments: LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT LEFT MARGIN LEFT MARGIN LEFT MARGIN 10 10 19 IS IS IS COLUMNS COLUMNS COLUMNS SET AT 20 COLUMNS SET AT 20 COLUMNS SET AT 28 COLUMNS LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT 15 COLUMNS LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT 15 COLUMNS LEFT MARGIN IS SET AT 15 COLUMNS eFirst, using horizontal movement commands, move the carriage to the desired position, then set the left margin. Any previously set left margin is released. eThe left margin may not be set to the right of the right-margin. ePrinting may not be eThe absolute horizontal tab can be used to exceed the left margin. done to the left of the left margin. eChanging the HMI does not affect the left margin. eChanging the left margin does not affect horizontal tab stop. 4-7 RIGHT MARGIN SET Sets right margin at the current carriage position. Name: ESC+0 Code: 27,48 DEC 1B,30 HEX Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"0"; Example: 18 REM SET RIGHT MARGIN 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 30 LPRINT "1234567890"; 48 NEXT | 50 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (19); 69 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS(9)+CHR$ (48) ;CHRS (27)+"09";CHRS$ (13); 70 LPRINT "RIGHT MARGIN IS SET AT 40 COLUMNS" 80 FOR I=1 TO 98 989 LPRINT "A"; 100 NEXT I 110 LPRINT CHRS (13) ¿CHRS (18) ;CHR$ (19); 120 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (59) ;CHRS (27)+"0";CHR$ (13) ; 130 LPRINT "RIGHT MARGIN IS SET AT 50 COLUMNS" 140 FOR I=1 TO 110 158 LPRINT "B"; 160 NEXT I 170 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (10); 189 END | 1234567890123456789012345678991234567890123456/890 RIGHT MARGIN IS SET AT 40 COLUMNS AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA RIGHT MARGIN IS SET AT 59 COLUMNS BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBRBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBEBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBB Comments: eFirst, using horizontal movement commands, move the carriage to the desirec position, then set the right margin. Any previously set right margin is released. eThe right margin may not be set to the left of the left margin. ePrinting may not be done to the right of the right margin. eThe absolute horizontal tab can be used to exceed the right margin. eChanging the HMI does not affect the right margin. eChanging the right margin does not affect horizontal tab stop. 4-8 TOP MARGIN SET Sets top margin at the current paper position. Name: Code: Input Format: Example: Comments: ESC+T 27,84 DEC 1В,54 нех LPRINT CHR$(27)+"T”: 10 R 20 F 30 F 49 L 20 N 69 N 79 L 80 L 98 L 199% 118 128 138 149 158 LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE EM SET TOP MARGIN OR I=1 TC 3 OR J=1 TO 5 PRINT "LINE":J EXT J EXT I PRINT CHR$ (27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS$ (1) ; PRINT CHR$ (27) +CHRS (12) +CHRS$ (5); PRINT SPC(18);"THIS PAGE IS 5 LINES LONG";CHRS (13) : LPRINT CHRS (19) ;CHRS (19); LPRINT CHRS (27)+"T";SPC(19);"SET TOP MARGIN AT 3RD LINE" FOR I=1 TO 8 LPRINT SPC(18); "PRINTABLE AREA" NEXT I END 1 THIS PAGE IS 5 LINES LONG 2 3 SET TOP MARGIN AT 3RD LINE 4 PRINTABLE AREA 5 PRINTABLE AREA 1 2 3 PRINTABLE AREA 4 PRINTABLE AREA 5 PRINTABLE AREA 1 2 3 PRINTABLE AREA 4 PRINTABLE AREA 5 PRINTABLE AREA eFirst, using vertical movement commands, move the paper to the desired position, then set the top margin. Any previously set top margin is released. eThe top margin may not be set below the bottom margin. ePrinting may not be done above the top margin. eThe absolute vertical tab can be used to exceed the top margin. eChanging the VMI does not affect the top margin. eChanging the top margin does not affect vertical tab stop. eESC+C releases both the top and bottom margins. eReverse Line Feeds (ESC+LF and ESC+D) which would cause the paper to move above the top margin are ignored. 4-9 BOTTOM MARGIN SET Sets bottom margin at the current paper position. Name: ESC+L Code: 27,76 oec 18,40 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“L"; Example: 10 REM SET BOTTOM MARGIN 20 FOR I=1 TO 3 30 FOR J=1 TO 5 40 LPRINT "LINE":J 50 NEXT J 60 NEXT I 70 LPRINT CHR$S (27) +CHRS (11) +CHRS (1 ) ; 80 LPRINT CHR$ (27) +CHRS (12)+CHRS (5) : 30 LPRINT SPC(18);"THIS PAGE IS 5 LINES LONG";CHR$(13); 109 LPRINT CHRS$ (18) ;CHRS (18) ; 118 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"L";SPC(19):"SET BOTTOM MARGIN AT 3RD LINE" 120 FOR I=1 TO 6 138 LPRINT SPC(18);"PRINTABLE AREA" 140 NEXT I 159 END LINE 1 THIS PAGE IS 5 LINES LONG LINE 2 LINE 3 SET BOTTOM MARGIN AT 3RD LINE LINE 4 LINE 5 LINE 1 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 2 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 3 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 4 LINE 5 LINE 1 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 2 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 3 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 4 LINE 5 Comments: | oFirst, using vertical movement commands, move the paper to the desired position, then set the bottom margin. Any previously set bottom margin is released. eThe bottom margin may not be set above the top margin. ePrinting may not be done below the bottom margin. eThe absolute vertical tab should be used to exceed the bottom margin. eChanging the VMI does not affect the bottom margin. eChanging the bottom margin does not affect vertical tab stop. eESC+C releases both the top and bottom margins. ®|F Line Feeds (LF and ESC+U) are executed below the bottom margin the line position is the top margin of the next page. | | 4-10 TOP/BOTTOM MARGIN CLEAR Clears top and bottom margins. ` Мате: ESC+C Code: 27,67 Dec 18,43 ex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“C”; Example: 19 REM CLEAR TOP/BOTTOM MARGINS 20 FOR I=1 TO 4 30 FOR J=1 TO 4 40 LPRINT "LINE";J 50 NEXT J 63 NEXT I 7% LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (11) +CHRS$ (1) ; 80 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (12) +CHR$ (4) ; 99 LPRINT SPC(19):"THIS PAGE IS 4 LINES LONG" 190 LPRINT CHRS (27) +"T".:SPC(18); "SET TOP MARGIN AT 2ND LINE" 110 LPRINT CHRS (27) +"L";SPC(18) ; "SET BOTTOM MARGIN AT 3RD LINE" 129 FOR I=1 TO 3 130 LPRINT SPC(10);"PRINTABLE AREA" 140 NEXT I 15¢ LPRINT СНВ® (27) +"С"; 169 LPRINT SPC(18);"CLEAR TOP/BOTTOM MARGINS" 178 FOR I=1 TO 5 180 LPRINT SPC(1#):"PRINTABLE AREA" 198 NEXT 1 200 END LINE 1 THIS PAGE IS 4 LINES LONG LINE 2 SET TOP MARGIN AT 2ND LINE LINE 3 SET BOTTOM MARGIN AT 3RD LINE LINE 4 LINE 1 LINE 2 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 3 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 4 LINE 1 LINE 2 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 3 CLEAR TOP/BOTTOM MARGINS LINE 4 PRINTABLE AREA LINE '1 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 2 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 3 PRINTABLE AREA LINE 4 PRINTABLE AREA Comments: eThis command does not clear right and left margins. eESC+C does not affect page length and line position. 4-11 FORM LENGTH Sets the number of lines per page to n. Name: ESC+FF+n 16n6126 Code: 27,12,N pec 1B,0C,N нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(12)+CHR$(n); Example: 10 REM SET PAGE LENGTH 20 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS$ (12) +CHRS (3) ; 38 FOR I=1 TO 2 40 LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG" 50 LPRINT CHRS (12); 60 NEXT I 70 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHR$(12)+CHR$ (6); 80 FOR I=1 TO 2 9¢ LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 6 LINES LONG" 100 LPRINT CHRS (12); 110 NEXT I 120 LPRINT "NEXT PAGE" 138 END THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG THIS PAGE IS 6 LINES LONG THIS PAGE IS 6 LINES LONG NEXT PAGE Comments: eExecuting a Form Length command releases any previously set form length, top and bottom margins, and all vertical tab stops. | eThe current line position is set as top of form. eChanging VMI does not affect form length. eWhen VMI is 0, this command is ignored. 4-12 HORIZONTAL TAB STOP SET/CLEAR Sets horizontal TAB stop at the current carriage position. Name: Setting: ESC-1 Release: ESC+8 Code: Setting: 27,49 nec 1B,31 Hex Release: 27,56 nec 1B,38 нех Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“1": Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“8"; Example: 19 20 30 49 50 60 70 80 Эй 109 LPRINT REM HORIZONTAL TAB STOP SET/CLEAR FOR I=1 TO 5 LPRINT NEXT I LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT "1234567890"; CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (5) ;CHRS (27 )+"1"; CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (15) ;CHRS (27) +"1 "; CHRS (27 )+CHRS (9) +CHRS (40) ;CHRS (27) +1" CHRS (9) ; "HT1" ;CHRS (9) ; "HT2" ;CHRS (9) + "HT3" CHR$ (27)+CHRS$ (9 ) + СНЕЗ (15) ; СНЕ5 (27 ) + "8"; "CLEAR THIS HTAB" 119 LPRINT CHRS$(9);"HT1";CHRS$(9);"HT2";CHRS (9); "HT3" 128 END 123456789912345678901234567898912345673981234567898 Comments: HT1 HT1 HT2 HT3 CLEAR THIS HTAB HT2HT3 eUp to 59 horizontal tab stops may be in force at one time. eFirst, using horizontal movement commands, move the carriage to the desired position, then set the horizontal tab stop. eESC+2 releases all horizontal and vertical tab stops. eHorizontal tab stops are not affected by the changing of left/right margins. VERTICAL TAB STOP SET Sets vertical TAB stop at the current paper position. Name: ESC+- Code: 27,45 nec 1B,2D Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHAS(27)+ Example: 10 REM SET VERTICAL TAB STOP 20 FOR I=1 TO 18 30 LPRINT "LINE":I 40 NEXT I 50 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (11)+CHRS (3) ;SPCI(189); 60 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"=-":"SET VT1":CHRS (13); 70 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS (7) ; SPC (16) : 80 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"-":"GET VT2":CHRS (13); 90 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (11) +CHR$ (9) ; SPC (18) ; 100 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"-";"SET VT3":CHRS (13); 116 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS (1) ; 120 LPRINT SPC(18);"TOP OF FORM" 139 LPRINT CHRS (11) ;SPC(29);"vt1" 140 LPRINT CHRS (11); SPC (20) ; "vt2" 158 LPRINT CHRS (11); SPC (20) ;"vt3" 169 END LINE TOP OF FORM LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE SET VT1 vtl SET VT2 vt2 SET VT3 vt3 HAO O | UL WS Comments: eUp to 59 vertical tab stops may be in force at one time. eFirst, using vertical movement commands, move the paper to the desired position, then set the vertical tab stop. eESC+2 releases all horizontal and vertical tab stops. eVertical tab stops are not affected by the changing of top/bottom margins. 4-14 ALL HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL TAB STOPS CLEAR Clears all horizontal and vertical TAB stops. Name: ESC+2 Code: 27,50 vec 1B,32 Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“2"; Example: 10 REM CLEAR ALL TAB STOPS 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 38 LPRINT "1234567896"; 40 NEXT I 59 LPRINT CHR$S (13) ;CHRS (10) ; 60 FOR I=1 TO 11 79 LPRINT "LINE";I+1 80 NEXT I 28 FOR I=1 TO 4 100 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHR$S (9) +CHRS (1*189) ;CHR$(27)+"1"; 119 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (11) +CHRS (1*3) ;CHRS (27) +"-"; 120 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS (1) ; CHRS (13) ; 138 NEXT I 140 FOR I=1 TO 4 158 LPRINT CHRS$(9);CHRS(11l);"TAB";I; 169 NEXT 1 178 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (189); 188 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"2" 199 LPRINT "CLEAR ALL TABULATIONS" 208 FOR I=1 TO 4 210 LPRINT CHRS(9);CHRS$ (11); "TAB";I; 220 NEXT I 230 END 12345607898012345678901234567899123456789812345607898 LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE 2 3 TAB 1 4 5 6 7 LINE 8 9 10 11 12 TAB 2 LINE LINE LINE LINE TAB 3 TAB 4 CLEAR ALL TABULATIONS TAB 1 TAB 2 TAB 3 TAB 4 See Also: ESC+1, ESC+— 4.11|| Horizontal Movement Commands Horizontal movement commands refer to the movement of the carriage. CR Returns the carriage to beginning of line SP Leaves space of a character BS Backspaces width of a character ESC+BS Backspaces 1/120 inch (0.21 mm) HT Executes horizontal tab ESC+HT+n Executes absolute horizontal tab CARRIAGE RETURN Prints data in buffer and moves carriage to left margin. Name: CR Code: 13 pec OD нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(13); Example 1: 10 REM CARRIAGE RETURN 20 LPRINT "/////"; 30 LPRINT CHRS (13); 40 LPRINT "NNANN" 59 END XXXXX Example 2: 18 REM CARRIAGE RETURN (for IBM-PC) 20 WIDTH "LPTl:",255 30 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1 49 PRINT #1,"/////"; 59 PRINT #1 ,CHRS (13) ; 60 PRINT #1,"\\\\\" 70 CLOSE #1 80 END XXXXX Comments: 1//1// eCertain computers generate a LF together with a CR. If your output appears as: \\\\\ your computer probably issues an automatic line feed with each carriage return. Use the OPEN and PRINT% statements (as in the above example) on such computers to suppress this line feed. ePrinter DIP switch 1 (Auto Line Feed) must be set to OFF (suppress LF) for the above example to work, 4-16 SPACE Initiates movement of the carriage one print position in current print direction. Name: SP Code: 32 vec 20 Hex Input Format: LPRINT “ >; Example: 10 REM SPACE (SP) 20 LPRINT "SPACE"; 309 LPRINT " "; 40 LPRINT "CODE" 59 FOR I=1 TO 5 6% LPRINT "SPACE": 70 LPRINT SPC(I): 80 LPRINT "CODE";I 99 NEXT I 190 END SPACE CODE SPACE CODE 1 SPACE CODE 2 SPACE CODE 3 SPACE CODE 4 SPACE CODE 5 Comment: eThe spacing amount depends upon the pitch or HMI setting. 4-17 BACKSPACE Moves carriage one print position in opposite direction of current print direction. Name: BS Code: 8 nec 08 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(8); Example 1: 19 REM OVER STRIKE BY BACKSPACE (BS) 20 LPRINT "BACKSPACE"; 30 FOR I=1 TO 5 АЙ LPRINT CHRS (8); 50 NEXT I 60 LPRINT "=====" 70 END BACKSPAGCE Example 2: 19 REM BACKSPACE (BS) 20 LPRINT "a":CHRS (8) ;CHR$ (96) 30 LPRINT "e";CHRS (8) ;"°";"tre" 40 LPRINT "sen" ;CHRS (8);" "; "or" 50 END être senor Comments: eSince BS backspaces the width of a character, the backspacing amount will depend upon the pitch or HMI set when the BS code was received. eBackspacing to the left of the left margin cannot be executed. 4-18 1/120 INCH BACKSPACE Moves carriage 1/120 inch (0.21 mm) in opposite direction of current print direction. Name: ESC+BS Code: 27,8 vec 1B,08 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(8); Example: 10 20 30 49 50 60 70 80 REM 1/128 INCH BACKSPACE LPRINT " 1/129 INCH BACKSPACE"; FOR I=1 TO 28 LPRINT CHRS (8) ; NEXT I LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHR$ (8) ; LPRINT "1/120 INCH BACKSPACE" END 1/128 INCH BACKSPACE Comment: eBackspacing to the left of the left margin cannot be executed. HORIZONTAL TAB Moves the carriage to the next horizontal tab stop position previously set. Name: HT Code: 9 bec 09 HEX Input Format: LPRINT CHRS$(9); Example: 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 REM HORIZONTAL TAB STOP FOR I=1 TO 5 LPRINT NEXT I LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT 108 END "1234567890"; CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHR$ (5) ;CHRS (27 )+"1", CHRŸ (27) +CHR$ (9) +CHRS (15) ;CHR$ (27)+"1"; CHRS$ (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (49) ;CHRS (27 )+"1" CHRS$ (9) ; "HT1" ; CHRS$ (9) ; "HT2" :CHRS (9) : "HT3" CHRS (9) ; "HTL" ;CHRS (9) ;"HT2" ;CHRS (9) ; "HT3" 12345678901234567890123456789ÿ12345678991234567890 Comments: HTL HT1 HTA HT3 HT2 HT3 e This command is ineffective when horizontal tab stops have not been set. eHorizontal tab stops exceeding the right margin cannot be executed. e When a horizontal tab stop has been set, the position of that tab stop is affected by a change in the HMI. 4-20 ABSOLUTE HORIZONTAL TAB Moves carriage to print position designated. Name: ESC+HT+n Code: 27.9.n nec 15n=126 1B,09,n HEX Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(9) + CHR$(n); Example: 10 29 30 49 50 60 70 80 99 REM ABSOLUTE HORIZONTAL TAB FOR I=1 TO > LPRINT NEXT I LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT 108 END "1234567898"; CHR$ (13) ;CHRS (18) ; | CHRS (27) +CHR$ (9) +CHRS (25) ; "25 COLUMNS" CHRS (27 )+CHRS (9) +CHRS (5) ; "5 COLUMNS" CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (408) ; "40 COLUMNS" CHRS (27 )+CHRS (9) +CHRS (18) ;"18 COLUMNS" 1234567890123456789012345678989123456789891234567890 Comments: 25 COLUMNS 5 COLUMNS 40 COLUMNS 18 COLUMNS eThe absolute horizontal tab value can exceed the right (left) margin. eWhen HMI is 0, this command is ignored. 4-21 4.12! | Vertical Movement Commands Vertical movement commands include forward and reverse line feeds, forward and reverse half-line feeds variable line feeds and form feeds. LF Executes single forward line feed ESC+LF Executes single reverse line feed ESC+U Executes forward half-line feed ESC+D Executes reverse half-line feed FF Advances paper to next top margin VT Executes vertical tab ESC+VT+n Executes absolute vertical tab LINE FEED Prints data in buffer, then executes a single line feed. Name: LF Code: 10 bec ОА нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(10); Example: 10 REM LINE FEED (LF) 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 39 LPRINT "LINE FEED"; 40 LPRINT CHRS (18) ; 50 NEXT I 60 END LINE FEED LINE FEED LINE FEED LINE FEED LINE FEED Comments: eThe amount of paper feed depends on current vertical motion index (VMI). See Glossary. eForm Feed is executed when exceeding the bottom margin. 4-22 REVERSE LINE FEED Executes a single reverse line feed. Name: ESC+LF Code: 27,10 vec 1B,0A нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(10); Example: 10 REM REVERSE LINE FEED 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 39 LPRINT CHRS (189); 40 NEXT I 56 FOR I=1 TO 5 60 LPRINT "REV LF":I; 70 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (19); 80 NEXT I 96 END REV LF 5 REV LF 4 REV LF 3 REV LF 2 REV LF 1 Comments: eThe amount of paper feed depends upon the most recent VMI setting. *Reverse line feed cannot move the paper beyond the top margin. 4-23 FORWARD/REVERSE HALF-LINE FEED Executes a forward/reverse half-line feed. Name: Forward: ESC+U Reverse: ESC+D Code: Forward: 27,85 vec 1В,55 нех Reverse: 27,68 rec 1B,44 Hex Input Format: Forward: Reverse: Example: 10 20 30 40 50 69 78 80 90 190 118 128 130 THI THI Comments: LPRINT CHR${27)+“U”; LPRINT CHR$(27)+"“D"; REM FORWARD HALT-LINE FEED 4 REVERSE HALF-LINE FEED LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT "THIS IS "; CHRS (27) +"U"; "ЗОВ"; CHRS (27) +"D" ; "SCRIPT BY FORWARD HALE-LINE FEED" CHRS (13) ;¿CHRS (18); "THIS IS "; CHRS (27) +"D"; LPRINT "SUPER"; LPRINT CHRS (27) +"U"; LPRINT END S IS "SCRIPT BY REVERSE HALF-LINE FEED" SCRIPT BY FORWARD HALF-LINE FRED SUB SUPER S IS SCRIPT BY REVERSE HALF-LINE FEED eESC+U is used primarily for subscript printing. eESC+D is used primarily for superscript printing. eThe feeding amount depends on a half of VMI. eWhen VMI is 0 or 1, these commands are ignored. 4-24 FORM FEED Feeds paper to next top margin. Name: FF Code: 12 nec OC Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHRS$(t2); Example: 18 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 REM FORM FEED (FF) LPRINT CHR$ (27) +CHRS (12) +CHRS (3) ; LPRINT "THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG" FOR I=1 TO 4 LPRINT CHRS (12); LPRINT "EXECUTE FORM FEED";CHRS (13) ; NEXT I END THIS PAGE IS 3 LINES LONG EXECUTE FORM FEED EXECUTE FORM FEED EXECUTE FORM FEED EXECUTE FORM FEED Comment: eThe form length is designated by ESC+FF+n or DIP switch 3. 4-25 VERTICAL TAB Feeds paper to the next vertical tab stop position from current print line. Name: VT Code: 11 vec ОВ нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(11); Example: 189 REM VERTICAL TAB STOP 20 FOR I=1 TO 10 30 LPRINT "LINE" ;I 408 NEXT I 59 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS$ (11) +CHRS$ (3) ;CHR$ (27)+"-"; 60 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS$ (7) ;CHRS (27) +"-"; 78 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS (9) ;CHRS (27}+"—-"; 80 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (11) +CHRS (1) ; 98 LPRINT SPC(18);"TOP OF FORM" 100 LPRINT CHRS (11); SPC(18);"vTI" 118 LPRINT CHRS (11) ;SPC(189);"VT2" 120 LPRINT CHRS (11) ;SPC(18);"VT3" 139 END LINE TOP OF FORM LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE VTI VT2 VT3 CO 0-1 OW Comments: eThis command is ineffective when vertical tab stops have not been set below current print line. eVertical tab stops exceeding top/bottom margins cannot be executed. 4-26 ABSOLUTE VERTICAL TAB Feeds paper to line position designated. Name: ESC+VT+n Code: 27,11,N vec 1=n=126 1 B,OB,n HEX input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(11) +CHRS$(n); Example: 18 20 30 40 50 60 70 81 90 LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE Comments: The absolute vertical tab value can exceed the top (bottom) margin. REM ABSOLUTE FOR I=1 TO 18 LPRINT NEXT I LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT END РЗ О со AI сл UG bro FE "LINE";I CHRS (27 }+CHRS$ (11) +CHRS (1) ; SPC(1@) ; "1ST LINE" VERTICAL TAB CHRS (27) +CHRS (11) +CHRS (8) ; "8TH LINE": CHRS(27)}+CHRS (11 )+CHRS (3); "3RD LINE" CHRS (27) +CHRS (11) +CHRS (19) : "LOTH LINE" 1ST LINE eThe line position of the top of form is 1. *eWhen VMI is O, this command is ignored. 8TH LINE 4-27 3RD LINE 10TH LINE + г , 4.13! | Print Mode Commands ESC+P Sets proportional spacing mode ESC+Q Releases proportional spacing mode ESC+US+n Sets horizontal motion index (НМ!) ESC+S Resets horizontal motion index (HMI) ESC+RS+n Sets vertical motion index (VMI) ESC+/ Sets bi-directional printing mode ESC+\ Sets single direction printing mode ESC+6 Sets backward printing mode ESC+5 Sets forward printing mode ESC+" Sets auto line feed mode ESC+% Releases auto line feed mode ESC+? Sets auto carriage return mode ESC+! Releases auto carriage return mode ESC+3 Sets graphics mode ESC+4 Releases graphics mode ESC+7 Enables print suppression mode Proportional Spacing (PS) Mode: This mode provides the user with proportional spacing printing. When printing in this mode, the printer moves the carriage according to PS unit in the print wheel lookup table instead of HMI. The PS unit value is a half of the width required by each character to be spaced proportionally. Therefore, printing sequence in PS mode is moving the carriage by PS unit, firing the hammer, and moving the carriage by PS unit again, while printing sequence in fixed pitch mode is firing the hammer and moving the carriage by HMI. Single/Bi-Directional Printing Mode: In bi-directional printing mode, the carriage moves by the shortest way after executing carriage return, except executing vertical movement commands in a line. In single-directional printing mode, the printer always starts printing from the left margin. Forward/Backward Printing Mode: In backward printing mode, the printer prints data from right to left, and moves the carriage by HMI in the opposite direction (right to left) after printing a character. As a result, the order of printed characters will be opposite to the order to be input characters. The printer returns to forward printing mode by executing carriage return after printing one line in backward printing mode. 4-28 Auto LF Mode: In this mode, the printer executes automatically line feed after executing carriage return. This mode may be designated by DIP switch, is overridden by the software command. Auto CR Mode: In this mode, the printer executes automatically carriage return after executing line feed. Graphics Mode: After a character has been printed in the graphics mode, the carriage does not automatically move. It moves when SP, BS, LF, ESC+LF commands are executed. The amount of movement, in the case, is 1/60 inch unit (0.42 mm) horizontally and 1/48 inch unit (0.53 mm) vertically. This mode enables you to express elaborate designs because printing is separated from carriage movement. Print Suppression Mode: In print suppression mode, all printable characters are changed to spaces and not printed, but single or multi byte control codes are effective. This mode is released by CR code. 4-29 PROPORTIONAL SPACING (PS) MODE Sets printing using proportional spacing between characters. Name: Setting: ESC+P Release: ESC+Q Code: Setting: 27,80 bec 1В,50 нех Release: 27,81 vec 1B,51 nex Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+ P”; Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“Q"; Example: 10 REM PROPORTIONAL SPACING MODE 29 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"P"; 30 LPRINT "PROPORTIONAL PRINTING MODE" 40 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG." 50 LPRINT "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." 60 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"Q" 70 LPRINT "NORMAL PRINTING MODE" 80 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG." 99 LPRINT "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." 198 END PROPORTIONAL PRINTING MODE THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. NORMAL PRINTING MODE THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. Comments: eTo obtain true proportional spacing, use a proportional spacing print wheel and select the proportional spacing mode. eOnce ESC+P has been received, the pitch selector switch setting will be ignored. Proportional spacing will be set. e|n proportional spacing mode, the SP spacing amount is determined by the current HMI. The BS spacing amount is equal to that of the character or SP immediately input prior to executing BS. ein a fixed backspacing mode, the printing sequence is “print-move”. In PS mode, however, the printing sequence is “move-print-move”, where the amount of head movement is determined by the width of the character specified in the proportional spacing table. eProportional spacing can also be set by the pitch selector switch. eESC+Q releases proportional spacing. The subsequent spacing amount is determined by the HMI specified immediately thereafter. eProportional spacing is not released by ESC+X. 4-30 HORIZONTAL MOTION INDEX (HMI) SET Sets the amount of carriage spacing after printing or spacing, to (n—1)/120 inch (0.21 mm). Name: ESC+US+n 1ÉnÉ126 Code: 27,31,0 vec 1B,1F,n нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHA$(31)+CHRs(n); Example: 19 REM HORIZONTAL MOTION INDEX (HMI) 20 FOR I=7 TO 16 30 READ HS 40 LPRINT CHR$ (27) +CHRS$ (31) +CHRS (I) ; 50 LPRINT "(HMI) n =";1;";";1-1;"/ 128 INCH"; 60 LPRINT " (";HS;" mm)" 70 NEXT I 80 DATA 1.27,1.48,1.69,1.91,2.12 99 DATA 2.33,2.54,2.75,2.96,3.18 100 END | (НЮ п=7 ; 6/12 МН (L27m EMI) n=8; 7/14 INH (1.48 rm) (MI) n= 9 ; 8 / 129 INH (1.69 mm) (HMI) n = 19 ; 9 / 120 INCH (1.91 mm) (HMI) n = 11 ; 19 / 128 INCH (2.12 mm) (HMI) n = 12 ; 11 / 128 INCH (2.33 mm) (HMI) n = 13 ; 12 / 128 INCH (2.54 mm) (HMI) n = 14 ; 13 / 128 INCH (2.75 mm) (HMI) n = 15 ; 14 / 128 INCH (2.96 mm) (HMI) n = 16 ; 15 / 128 INCH (3.18 mm) Comments: e When the printer is powered up, 10, 12, 15 or PS pitch is automatically set in accordance with the pitch selector switch. oHMI overrides setting by the pitch selector switch. oHMI affects SP, BS, HT and ESC+HT+n. oESC +S resets HMI to that specified by the pitch selector switch. eChanging the HMI does not affect the left/right margin. 4-31 HORIZONTAL MOTION INDEX (HMI) RESET Resets HMI to value defined by the pitch selector switch. Name: Code: Input Format: Example: REM RESET HMI 19 29 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT ESC+5 27,83 nec 1B,53 нех LPRINT CHR$(27)+“S"; CHRS (27 )+CHRS (31) +CHRS (25); "HMI IS NOW 24/120 INCH" CHRS(27)+"S"; "RESET HMI TO THAT DESIGNATED BY THE PITCH SELECTOR" CHRS (18) CHRS (27)+"P"; "THIS IS PROPORTIONAL SPACING PITCH" CHRS (27) +"s"; 169 LPRINT "RESET HMI TO THAT DESIGNATED BY THE PITCH SELECTOR" 119 END HMI I RESET HMI TO THAT DESIGNATED BY THE PITCH SELECTOR 5 N OW 2 4 / 1 2 @ INCH THIS IS PROPORTIONAL SPACING PITCH RESET HMI TO THAT DESIGNATED BY THE PITCH SELECTOR Comments: eESC+S does not reset VMI. eResetting the HMI does not affect the left/right margin. 4-32 VERTICAL MOTION INDEX (VMI) SET Sets line spacing pitch to (n—1)/48 inch. Name: ESC+RS+n 1Sn£126 Code: 27,30, Dec 1B,1E,n Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHRS$(30)+CHR$(n); Example: 10 REM VERTICAL MOTION INDEX (VMI) 20 FOR I=4 TO 9 38 READ VS 40 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (38) +CHRS (9) 59 LPRINT CHR$ (27) +CHRS (30) +CHRS (1) ; 68 FOR J=1 TO 3 70 LPRINT "--- (VMI) n =";1;";";1-1;"/ 48 INCH": 80 LPRINT " (";VS;" mm)" 90 NEXT J 100 NEXT I 118% DATA 1.59,2.12,2.65,3.18,3.70,4.23 128 END == (WME AE 414/49 HEN (1:33 MI) === AND) 823054 /8 MEN (2:17 AU) U = ; / . EH 82888748 MEN (7:08 55 --- (VMI) n= 7 ; 6 / 48 INCH 3.18 mm --- (VMI) n = 7 ; 6 / 48 INCH (3118 mm --- (VMI) n= 7 ; 6 / 48 INCH 3.18 mm --- (VMI) n = 8 ; 7 / 48 INCH (3.78 mm) --- (VMI) n = 8 ; 7 / 48 INCH (3.78 mm) --- (VMI) n = 8 ; 7 / 48 INCH (3.70 mm) --- (VMI) n = 9 ; 8 / 48 INCH (4.23 mm) —-- (VMI) n = 9 ; 8 / 48 INCH (4.23 mm) --- (VMI) n = 9 ; 8 / 48 INCH (4.23 mm) Comments: eWhen the printer is powered up, 1/6 or 1/8 inch line feed is set in accordance with DIP switch 3. eVMI overrides setting by the line spacing selector and DIP switch 3. eVMI affects LF, VT, ESC+LF, ESC+U, ESC+D, ESC+FF+n and ESC-+VT+1n. eChanging the VMI does not affect the top/bottom margin. 4-33 BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING MODE Sets bi-directional printing. Name: Setting: ESC+/ Release: ESC+1 | Code: Setting: 27,47 oe 1B,2F нех Helease: 27,92 vec 1B,5C HEX Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“/": Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“\"; Example: 1% REM SINGLE DIRECTION & BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING 20 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"N'"s 30 FOR I=1 TO 5 40 LPRINT "SINGLE-DIRECTION" 50 NEXT 1 60 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (16) : 78 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"/"; 87 FOR I=1 TO 5 99 LPRINT "BI-DIRECTIONAL" 100 NEXT 1 110 END SINGLE-DIRECTION SINGLE-DIRECTION SINGLE-DIRECTION SINGLE-DIRECTION SINGLE-DIRECTION BI-DIRECTIONAL BI-DIRECTIONAL BI-DIRECTIONAL BI-DIRECTIONAL BI-DIRECTIONAL Comments: eBi-directional printing means that printing occurs during the left-to-right movement of carriage as well as on the right-to-left return trip. eln single direction printing mode, the carriage is moved left-to-right. ein bi-directional printing mode, the carriage is moved by the shortest way. 4-34 BACKWARD PRINTING MODE Prints data from right to left. Name: Code: Input Format: Example: 10 20 30 49 > 60 70 80 90 Setting: ESC+6 Release: ESC+5 Setting: 27,54 nec 1B,36 Hex Release: 27,53 bec 18,35 hex Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“6"; Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“5”; REM FORWARD & BACKWARD PRINTING LPRINT CHRS (27)+"\"; LPRINT "SET SINGLE DIRECTION PRINTING MODE" LPRINT "BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING BY BACKWARD PRINTING" ;CHRS (14) FOR I=1 TO 5 LPRINT CHR$ (27)+"5"; LPRINT "FORWARD PRINTING";CHRS (18) ; LPRINT CHRS (27)+"6"; LPRINT "GNITNIRP DRAWKCAB";CHRS (18); 190 NEXT I 118 END SET SINGLE DIRECTION PRINTING MODE BI-DIRECTIONAL PRINTING BY BACKWARD PRINTING FORWARD PRINTING BACKWARD PRINTING FORWARD PRINTING BACKWARD PRINTING FORWARD PRINTING BACKWARD PRINTING FORWARD PRINTING BACKWARD PRINTING FORWARD PRINTING BACKWARD PRINTING Comments: eBackward printing is released by CR code. en backward printing, the SP code moves the carriage right-to-left while the BS code moves the carriage left-to-right. eTabulation, CR, and paper feed functions are unaffected by backward printing. eExecution of ESC+6 during bi-directional printing returns the printer to bi-directional printing after printing one line in backward printing. eAny data to be printed to the left of the left margin is overprinted at the left margin. 4-35 AUTOMATIC LINE FEED MODE Automatically executes a Line Feed following a Carriage Return. Name: Setting: ESC+" Release: ESC+# Code: Setting: 27,34 Dec 1B,22 нех Release: 27,35 mec 13,23 нех Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(34); Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"#"; Example 1: 18 20 30 40 50 60 79 80 90 100 AUT REM AUTO LINE FEED MODE LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS$ (34) ; FOR I=1 TO 3 LPRINT "AUTO LINE FEED MODE ON"; CHRS$ (13); NEXT I | LPRINT CHRS$(27)+"#"; FOR I=1 TO 3 LPRINT "AUTO LINE FEED MODE OFF";CHRS(13); NEXT I END O LINE FEED MODE ON AUTO LINE FEED MODE ON AUTO LINE FEED MODE ON AUTO LINE FEED MODE OFF Example 2: 18 20 30 4 0 560 60 70 80 Эй 189 118 129 139 AUT REM AUTO LINE FEED MODE (for IBM-PC) WIDTH "LPT1:",255 OPEN "LPT1:" AS #1 | PRINT #1,CHRS (27) +CHRS (34) ; FOR I=1 TO 3 PRINT #1,"AUTO LINE FEED MODE ON"; CHRS$ (13) ; NEXT I PRINT #1,CHRS(27)+"#"; FOR I=1 TO 3 PRINT #1,"AUTO LINE FEED MODE OFF" ;CHRS (13) ; NEXT I CLOSE #1 END O LINE FEED MODE ON AUTO LINE FEED MODE ON AUTO LINE FEED MODE ON AUTO LINE FEED MODE OFF Comments: eDIP switch 1 also controls the auto line feed function (refer to Section 3.2). Setting this switch to the ON position is equivalent to executing the ESC+" command. Similarly, setting the switch to the OFF position is equivalent to executing the ESC+% command. eLines 20, 30, 120, and all PRINT# statements in the above sample BASIC program are necessary for those computers which automatically execute a LF following a CR. eLF is tied to CR in this mode. eESC+” is effective when the DIP switch 1 is OFF. 4-36 AUTOMATIC CARRIAGE RETURN MODE Automatically executes a carriage return following a line feed. Name: Setting: ESC-+7 Release: ESC+! Code: Setting: 27,63 rec 1B,3F нех Release: 27,33 bec 1В,21 нех Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"?”; Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)-+* 1”; Example: 10 REM AUTO CARRIAGE RETURN MODE 20 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"7'". 30 FOR I=1 TO 3 40 LPRINT "AUTO CARRIAGE RETURN MODE ON";CHRS (18) ; 50 NEXT I 60 LPRINT CHRS$S(27)+"1"; 70 FOR I=1 TO 3 80 LPRINT "AUTO CR MODE OFF" :CHRS (16) : 90 NEXT I 100 END AUTO CARRIAGE RETURN MODE ON AUTO CARRIAGE RETURN MODE ON AUTO CARRIAGE RETURN MODE ON AUTO CR MODE OFF Comments: AUTO CR MODE OFF AUTO CR MODE OFF eCR is tied to LF in this mode. eBOLD, SHADOW, OUTLINE and GRAPHICS modes are not released by this CR. 4-37 GRAPHICS MODE Sets graphics mode. Name: Setting: ESC+3 Release: ESC+4 Code: Setting: 27,51 nec 1B,33 Hex Release: 27,52 nec 18,34 rex Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27) +3”; Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“4": Comments: eGraphics mode is released by CR. eHorizontal movement commands should be used consciously to move the carriage, because the carriage does not automatically move after a character has been printed in graphics mode. ein graphics mode, SP and BS move the carriage 1/60 inch (0.42 mm) instead of HMI, and LF and ESC+LF feed the paper 1/48 inch (0.53 mm) instead of VMI. * The amount of paper feed by executing ESC+U or ESC+D is a half of VMI as well as normal printing mode. 4-38 Example: 19 20 30 49 50 60 79 80 90 108 118 128 138 149% 158 160 170 180 199 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 REM GRAPHICS MODE LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS$(9)+CHRS (23) ;"sin curve" LPRINT CHRS (27)+"3"; x=15 FOR I=80 TO 8.3 STEP .1 X=X+3 Y=SIN(I)*49+49 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (1) ; LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS$ (11) +CHRS (14) ; FOR J=1 TO X LPRINT " "; NEXT J FOR J=1 TO Y LPRINT CHRS$ (27)+CHR$ (18) ; NEXT J LPRINT "."; NEXT I LPRINT CHRS (27)+"4"; LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHR$ (4) ; LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS (1) ; FOR I=1 TO 15 LPRINT "|";CHRS (8) ;CHRS (189); NEXT I LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (11) +CHRS (8) ;CHRS (13); LPRINT CHRS$ (27) +CHR$ (31) +CHRS (6) ; FOR I=1 TO 118 LPRINT "-"; NEXT I END sin curve * * "ое. 4-39 PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE All printable characters are replaced to SP. Name: ESC+7 Code: 27, 55 nec 1 B, 37 Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“7"; Example: 18 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 REM PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT LPRINT END "ESC+7 ENABLES PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE" "ESC+7 ENABLES "; СНЕ$ (27) + "7"; СНЕ$ (27) + "Е"; "PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE" "CR CODE CLEARS PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE" ESC+7 ENABLES PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE ESC+7 ENABLES CR CODE CLEARS PRINT SUPPRESSION MODE Comments: ePrint suppression mode is released by CR. ein print suppression mode, all printable characters are replaced to SP, but single or multi byte control codes are effective. 4-40 4.14| Word Processing Commands ESC+DC1+n Sets offset value ESC+O Sets bold printing ESC+W Sets shadow printing ESC+F Sets outline printing ESC+8 Releases bold/shadow/outline printing ESC+E Sets single underlining ESC+G Sets double underlining ESC+R Releases single/double underlining ESC+DC2+n Enables overstriking ESC+V Disables overstriking ESC-+M Enables auto justification mode ESC+= Enables auto centering mode ESC+SO+M Enables program mode Si Disables program mode ESC+X Disables all word processing mode Offset Selection: Offset selection may be used to change the character spacing after printing without changing HMI, and it is more useful in PS mode because HMI is not effective in PS mode. The offset value is designated by the number between —62 and 63 (1/120 inch unit). The spacing amount is increased or decreased by adding the offset value. In fixed pitch mode, the carriage moves by the sum of HMI and the offset value after firing the hammer. In PS mode, the carriage moves by PS unit for each character oftset value before firing the hammer and moved again by the sum of PS unit and the offset value after firing the hammer. If the sum is zero or negative, then the carriage does not move. Bold Printing: This printing overprints each character without moving the carriage. Shadow Printing: This printing double-strikes a character, moves the carriage 1/120 inch, then double-strikes the character again. Outline Printing: This printing double-strikes a character, moves the carriage 2/120 inch, then double-strikes the character again. Single Underlining: This printing executes continuous underlining of characters. However it does not underline the spaces exceeding the leftmost or rightmost printing position. The printer starts underlining when the paper advance using LF, CR, ESC+R or ESC+X is executed. Double Underlining: This printing executes single underlining and advances the paper 1/48 inch, then underlines again. Strike Out: This printing double-strikes the designated characters without moving the carriage. Characters which can be designated in this mode are 1, 2 and from 33 vec to 126 vec in the ASCII codes. Justification Mode: This mode enables you to print with justified right and left margins, which will help make fine printing. Justification is done by condensing or expanding the space between words in 1/120 inch unit. Whether condensed or expanded depends on the amount of space. lf the amount of condense exceeds the half of current HMI, the space will not be condensed but expanded. 4-41 Auto margin justification is executed by entering ESC+M. Subsequent data is stored in the print buffer until either CR or LF code is entered, or the first word exceeding the right margin is entered. Followings are the procedure of printing. 1. First, the printer find the offset value to add the space between the right margin and last character of the current line which does not exceed the right margin evenly to each space between words. 2. Secondly, the printer find the offset value to reduce the space between the right margin and the first character of the current line exceeding the right margin evenly from each space between words. 3. The smaller offset values found in the procedures of 1 and 2 is used in justification process. 4. The offset value is added to or reduced from evenly each space between words in order that the print position of last character coincides with the right margin. e Justification is done by evenly increasing or decreasing each space between left and right margins in 1/120 inch unit. eConcerned with the line which print data exceeds print buffer capacity, justification process is not executed. eThe amount of head space and the space after the first space, when the space between words is more than two, are not increased or decreased in justification mode. eProper justification is not executed when HT, ESC+HT+n and backward printing mode is entered in the data. eCentering mode takes priority over the justification mode. #ESC+X or ESC+M command which is not the head of the line is effective after entering CR code. ФА! other escape sequences and control codes are effective. Auto Centering Mode: This mode moves the print line to the center between right and left margins. Centering is not done when the print data exceeding right and left margins. Centering is possible in the range from the character after entering the centering mode to CR or LF code. eCentering is not executed at the line where print data exceeds the print buffer capacity. Printing begins when CR or LF code is entered. eHead and last spaces of the line are ignored. eProper centering is not executed when HT, ESC+HT+n or backward printing mode is entered in the data. eCentering mode takes priority over the justification mode. ®All other escape sequences and control codes are effective. Program Mode: This mode allows the user to use a variety of daisy wheels other than the standard print wheel by designating the character spoke position, the ribbon advance which is used as proportional spacing unit in PS mode, and the hammer energy level that is the print impression. You can print a character of the standard print wheel also with changed the ribbon advance and the hammer energy level. 4-42 OFFSET SELECTION Increases or decreases the amount of spacing by the setting of n. Especially effective in PS mode, because HMI is not active in PS mode. The offset value is designated by n, as shown below. Name: ESC+DC1+n (1£n£126) where the value of offset is designated by (n), as below. n 1 2 3 62 63 64 65 66 67 125 126 offset 1 2 3 ... 62 63 O -1 #2 3 -61 —62 unit: 1/120 inch (0.21 mm) Code: 27,17,n pec 1B,11,N Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(17)+CHRS(n); Example: 19 REM OFFSET SELECTION 20 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"P"; 389 LPRINT "OFFSET = 3" 40 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS$ (17)+CHRS (3); 50 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG." 60 LPRINT "OFFSET = -3" 78 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHR$ (17)+CHR$ (67); 80 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG." 90 LPRINT "OFFSET = 0" 100 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS(17)+CHRS$ (64); 118 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG." 129 END OFFSET = 3 THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. OFFSET = -3 THE QUECK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. OFFSET = ß THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. Comments: eln PS mode, the offset value is added to the amount of spacing which is executed after printing a character. eWhen the offset value is negative, the total amount of spacing cannot be negative. eESC+DC1+n is released by CR or ESC+X. 4-43 BOLD/SHADOW/OUTLINE PRINTING MODE Name: Setting BOLD: ESC+O Setting SHADOW: ESC+W Setting OUTLINE: ESC+F Release: ESC+& - Code: Setting BOLD: 27,79 vec 1B,4F нех Setting SHADOW: 27,87 vec 1B,57 Hex Setting OUTLINE: 27,70 pec 1B,46 нех Release: 27,38 oec —- 1В,26 нех Input Format: Setting BOLD: LPRINT CHRS$(27)+“0”; ( Setting SHADOW: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“W”; Setting OUTLINE: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“F”; Release: LPRINT CHRS(27)+ “8”; Example: 13 REM BOLD/SHADOW/OUTLINE PRINTING 20 FOR I=1 TO 3 30 LPRINT "THIS IS ";CHR$(27)+"0";"BOLD ";CHR$(27)+"&";"PRINTING" 40 NEXT 1 59 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (19) ; 69 FOR I=1 TO 3 70 LPRINT "THIS IS ";CHRS(27)+"W";"SHADOW ";CHRS(27)+"&";"PRINTING" 80 NEXT I | 90 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHR$ (16) ; 199 FOR I=1 TO 3 110 LPRINT "THIS IS ";CHR$ (27)+"F";"OUTLINE ";CHR$ (27)+"&";"PRINTING" 128 NEXT I 139 END THIS IS BOLD PRINTING THIS 1S BOLD PRINTING THIS IS BOLD PRINTING THIS IS SHADOW PRINTING THIS IS SHADOW PRINTING THIS IS SHADOW PRINTING THIS IS OUTLINE PRINTING THIS IS QUTLINE PRINTING THIS IS OUTLINE PRINTING Comments: eBold/shadow/outline printing mode is released by CR. elf the BOLD, SHADOW and QUTLINE printing commands are entered, that command entered most recently takes priority over the others. eESC+X releases all word processing modes including bold/shadow/outline printing modes. eUse COURIER 10 daisy wheel in OUTLINE printing mode. 4-44 SINGLE/DOUBLE UNDERLINING MODE Name: Setting SINGLE: ESC+E Setting DOUBLE: ESC+G Release: ESC+R Code: Setting SINGLE: 27,09 nec 1В,45 нех Setting DOUBLE: 27,71 Dec 1В,47 нех Release: 27,82 nec 1B,52 Hex Input Format: Setting SINGLE: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“E”; Setting DOUBLE: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"G”; Release: LPRINT CHRS(27)+"R”; Example: 19 REM SINGLE/DOUBLE UNDERLINING 20 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"E"; 30 FOR I=1 TO 3 40 LPRINT "SINGLE UNDERLINE BY ESC+E" 50 NEXT I 60 LPRINT CHR$ (13); CHRS (10) ; 70 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"G"; 80 FOR I=1 TO 3 99 LPRINT "DOUBLE UNDERLINE BY ESC+G" 100 NEXT I | 119 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (19) ; 120 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"R"; 139 LPRINT "RELEASE UNDERLINE PRINTING" 149 END SINGLE UNDERLINE BY ESC+E SINGLE UNDERLINE BY ESC+E SINGLE UNDERLINE BY ESC+E DOUBLE UNDERLINE BY ESC+G DOUBLE UNDERLINE BY EOC*G DOUBLE UNDERLINE BY ESCHG RELEASE UNDERLINE PRINTING Comments: olf both the SINGLE and DOUBLE UNDERLINING commands are entered, the command entered most recently takes priority over the other, eSet VMI to 9 or 10 when DOUBLE UNDERLINING printing mode is used in 1/6” (4.2 mm) line feed for the space between lines is narrowed. eESC+X releases all word processing modes including single/double underlining modes. ePrinting single/double underline is started when ESC+R, ESC+X, CR, LF or printing buffer full is detected. 4-45 AUTO OVERSTRIKING MODE Overstrikes using a specified overstrike character. Name: Setting: ESC+DC2+n n=1, 2 or 33£n£126 Release: ESC+V Code: Setting: 27,18, vec 1B,12,n Hex Release: 27,86 nec 1В,56 нех Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+ CHR$(18) + CHR$(n); Release: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“v": Example: 10 REM OVERSTRIKING MODE 20 LPRINT "OVERSTRIKE WITH ' '" 30 LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(18)+" "; 4% LPRINT "OVERSTRIKING MODE" 58 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (18) ; 69 LPRINT "OVERSTRIKE WITH '/'" 70 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (18)+"/"; 80 LPRINT "OVERSTRIKING MODE" 90 LPRINT CHRS$(13);CHRS(19); 199 LPRINT CHRS$ (27)+CHRS(18)+'"/"; 110 LPRINT "OVERSTRIKING MODE "; 120 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"V"; 138 LPRINT "RELEASE" 140 END OVERSTRIKE WITH ' OVERSTRIKING MODE OVERSTRIKE WITH '/' OYFRETRIKING MODE OYFRSTRIKINE MODE RELEASE Comments: eAuto overstriking mode is released by CR. eWhen the value of n equais to 1, the overstriking character is “—" (ESC+Z). When the value of n equals to 2, the overstriking character is €” (ESC+Y). eThe overstriking character is specified by the value of n. For example, if n=47, the “/” character is used for overstriking. eESC+X releases all word processing mode including overstrike printing mode. 4-46 AUTO JUSTIFICATION MODE Enables automatic justification of a print line between left and right margins. Name: ESC+M Code: 27,77 osc 1B,4D нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"M"; Example: 10 REM AUTO JUSTIFICATION MODE 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 30 LPRINT "1234567890"; 40 NEXT I 50 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;¿CHRS (19); 60 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS$(9)+CHRS (18) ;¿CHRS (27)+"9" 7 "LL"; 70 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHRS (9) +CHR$ (49) ;CHRS$ (27)+"09"; "R' 89 LPRINT "JUSTIFICATION MODE ON" 90 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"M" ; 109 FOR I=1 TO 3 110 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. "; 120 NEXT 1 138 LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (19) | 148 LPRINT "JUSTIFICATION MODE OFF" 150 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"X"; 168 FOR I=1 TO 3 170 LPRINT "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. "; 188 NEXT I 198 END 123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345607899 L R JUSTIFICATION MODE ON THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. JUSTIFICATION MODE OFF THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. THE QUICK BROWN F OX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. Comments: Printing is executed upon receipt of CR or LF code. e Proper justification is not executed when HT, ESC+HT+n, or Backward printing commands are included in the print data. eAuto centering takes priority over justification. eESC+X will release all word processing modes including auto justification mode. 4-47 AUTO CENTERING MODE Enables automatic centering of a print line between right and left margins. Name: ESC+= Code: 27,61 DEC 1B,3D HEX Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“="; Example: 19 REM AUTO CENTERING MODE | 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 30 LPRINT "1234567890"; 40 NEXT 1 ЭЙ LPRINT CHRS (13) ;CHRS (19); 60 LPRINT CHRS$ (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS$ (5) ;CHRS (27) +"9" , "pm. 70 LPRINT CHRS (27)+CHR$ (9) +CHR$ (58) ¿CHRS (27) +"9" ."R" 80 FOR I=1 TO 2 90 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"=", 190 LPRINT "THIS LINE IS PRINTED IN CENTERING MODE" 118 NEXT I 120 LPRINT CHR$ (13) ;CHRS (19) : 138 FOR I=1 TO 2 140 LPRINT "THIS LINE IS PRINTED IN NORMAL MODE" 158 NEXT I | 169 END 123456789012345678901 2345678901 2345678901 234567890 L R THIS LINE IS PRINTED IN CENTERING MODE THIS LINE IS PRINTED IN CENTERING MODE THIS LINE IS PRINTED IN NORMAL MODE THIS LINE IS PRINTED IN NORMAL MODE Comments: ®Printing begins when CR, LF, or ESC+X is executed. Auto centering is then released. eCentering is not done when the print data exceeds right and left margins. eESC+X releases all word processing modes including auto centering mode. eif the amount of print data exceeds the print buffer capacity, auto centering is not executed. eBlank space characters preceding or following text are ignored in the centering. eProper centering is not executed when HT, ESC+HT+n, or Backward printing commands are included in the print data. eAuto centering takes priority over justification. 4-48 PROGRAM MODE Enables programmable character spoke position, proportional spacing/ribbon advance unit size, and the hammer energy level settings. The primary use of Program Mode is to permit the user to use a variety of print wheels whose characters may not appear at the same spoke position as a standard print wheel. Program mode allows direct user selection of the following variables: character spoke position, ribbon advance/proportional spacing unit value, and hammer energy level. Character spoke position refers to that print wheel spoke position at which a particular character IS located. For example, the character “A” may be located at spoke position 11 on certain print wheels, but may be located at a different spoke position on other print wheels. To determine a programmable spoke position, find the spoke position of the ASCII character and add 32. Refer to Figure 4.2 on page 4-50 for the spoke positions of a standard 96-character print wheel. As an exampie, suppose one wishes to program the spoke position of the ASCII character “A”. If we refer to Figure 4.2, we see that “A” is located at spoke position 11. The programmable spoke position for the character “A”, then, is 11 +32=43. Ribbon advance refers to the number of units the ribbon is advanced once a character is printed. An excessively large ribbon advance value will result in an unnecessary waste of ribbon; too small a ribbon advance value may result in poor print quality. Ribbon advance values can range between 0 and 15 units. For plastic print wheels, a standard ribbon advance unit value of 6 should be adequate in most cases. Referring to Figure 4.2, one will notice that this particular print wheel has pre-set ribbon advance unit values. These values vary primarily due to the size of the characters. Notice that “larger” characters such as the "M” and “W” have ribbon advance unit values of 7. “Smaller” characters such as the “|” has ribbon advance value of 2. It also becomes clear that this ribbon advance unit value is directly related to proportional spacing, so that the space between characters is proportional to the width of a character. In general, recommended proportional spacing unit value for a specific character is also the appropriate ribbon advance unit value to use after printing that character. 4-49 Hammer energy level refers to the force with which the hammer strikes a character at the end of a spoke. Hammer energy levels range from 0 to 4, where level 0 causes the hammer not to fire at all, and level 4 causes the hammer to strike a character with the greatest hammer energy. Too large a hammer energy level may unnecessarily shorten the life of the print wheel. Too small a hammer energy level may produce a print quality unsuitable for the specific application. Refer to Figure 4.2 for pre-set hammer energy levels for this particular print wheel. The idea! situation, then, is to use the lowest hammer energy and the minimum ribbon advance which will produce a suitable level of print quality for the intended application. The specification of program spoke position, proportional spacing/ribbon advance unit, and hammer energy level requires two bytes of information per character. The first byte is the decimal (or hexadecimal) value of the spoke position plus 32. As discussed earlier, for the ASCII character “A” on the print wheel in Figure 4.2, the decimal value of the program spoke position is 11+32=43 (or 2B wx). The second byte of information includes both the proportional spacing/ribbon advance unit data and the hammer energy level. This second byte consists of 7 bits. Bits O through 3 represent the proportional spacing/ribbon advance unit data, and bits 4 through 6 represent the hammer energy level. Figure 4.3 illustrates the possible values and locations for this data. As for the spoke position 0 and 95, addition of 32 makes 32 and 127 respectively, however, 32 means space and 127 is ignored by the printer. Therefore two-byte commands ESC+Y and ESC+Z are used to specify these spoke positions respectively. The next byte will be specified in the same way as spoke position 1 through 94. Value of proportional spacing indicates each 0 : Spoke position amount of spacing before and after printing w | : Character | corresponding character (Unit: 1/120 inch = 0.21 7 | : Proportional spacing/Ribbon advance unit mm). 3 : Hammer energy level A ELA LY ko 9073 W) и 9/5 Uan 316151715/5/57% O / © NT 7 5 SHE ® 3 1|3121318/3/37 5/4 AX RG NI ISO NG 9 A > 8 > ; 9 AS S/F 7 7 ND “XX © Xa SX ONE) DLL O NY y PX т © © NEE 3 NE A A 3 A > XA DS 3 q S a A 0 E À O) O/ > à 2 5 a ® = <> o + N/T o NOT A Ser vial<la Solow TS NOE SINIZFIN de Pia! sa < o ola wl Tos ei оч С S O of es Sls ae SES "e Yo S ` OA AX AS ARE TS © ae GHA VAT PSE X KO OX SX HOMO VE OX EX EXO XAO Sax AN SO OVA < eo Xe ‘Хо \ XS PINO е DADO ES У E 11€ 9 7X8 o $ Sleletere[zals UT Her |< еде e lspo7 75 35 emos tS HOME POSITION Figure 4.2: Courier 10 Print Wheel 4-50 Byte 1: Spoke position+32 Byte 2: MSB LSB 6 |514 |3 |2 |1 |0 sys” y op Hammer Prop. Spacing/ Energy Ribbon Advance (0-4) Unit. (0-15) Bit Level Hammer Energy 6 5 4 0 0 0 0 Does not fire 1 0 0 1 Lowest 2 0 1 0 Low 3 0 1 1 High 4 1 0 0 Highest Figure 4.3 Program Mode Parameter Specifica- tion 4-51 As an example, suppose we wish to print the character “A” from our print wheel in Figure 4.1, with a hammer energy level of 3, and after printing the “A”, we wish to advance the ribbon 5 units. Then our two bytes of information are as follows: Byte 1: (program spoke position of “A”)+(32) —11+32 =43 Byte 2: eProportional spacing/ribbon advance unit=6 =0110 : e Hammer energy level=3 (high) =011 2 6 5 4 3 2 1 0111110111 Thus, Byte 2=0110110 » =0x25+1x25+1X24+0OX 2341 X 2° +1x2'+0X 2° =(0x64)+(1x32)+(1 х 16) + (0х8) + (1х4) + (1 х 2) +(0x1) =0+32+16-+0+4+2+0 =54 In BASIC, then, our program mode print command would be: LPRINT CHR$(43)+CHR$(54); Name: Setting: ESC+SO+M Release: SI Code: Setting: 27,14,77 ос 1B,0E,4D нех Release: 15 bec OF Hex Input Format: Setting: LPRINT CHR$(27)+ CHR$(14)+“M"; Release: LPRINT CHRS (15); Example: 19 REM PROGRAM MODE 20 LPRINT "NORMAL PRINTING MODE" 30 FOR I=1 TO 5 49 LPRINT "AB"; 50 NEXT 1 6% LPRINT CHRS (18) 78 LPRINT "PROGRAM MODE SETTING" 80 LPRINT " (A:NOT PRINTABLE B:LOWEST HAMMER ENERGY)" 90 LPRINT CHRS$(27)+CHRS (14)+"M"; 198 FOR I=1 TO 5 110 LPRINT CHRS (43) ;CHRS (6) ; 120 LPRINT CHR$ (49) ;CHRS(21) ; 130 NEXT T 140 LPRINT CHRS (15) 159 END NORMAL PRINTING MODE ABABABABAB PROGRAM MODE SETTING (A:NOT PRINTABLE B:LOWEST HAMMER ENERCY) BBBBEB Comment: eESC+X releases all word processing mode including program mode, 4-52 WORD PROCESSING MODE RELEASE Releases shadow, bold, outline, overstrike, single underline, double underline, auto centering, auto justification, offset selection, and program modes. Name: ESC+X Code: 27,88 DEC 1B,58 HEX Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"X”; Example: 10 REM WORD PROCESSING MODE RELEASE 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 30 LPRINT "1234567899"; 40 NEXT 1 59 LPRINT CHRS (13) :CHRS (16) ; 69 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (5) 7 CHRS (27) +"9";5"L" ; 70 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (45) ;CHRS (27)+"0"; "R" 80 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"W"; 29 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"E"; 100 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"M"; 119 LPRINT "THIS SENTENCE IS PRINTED IN SHADOW, UNDERLINE AND "; 120 LPRINT "JUSTIFICATION MODES" 130 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"X" 140 LPRINT "RELEASE SHADOW, UNDERLINE AND JUSTIFICATION MODES" 159 END 12345678901234567890123456789912345678991234567890 L R THIS SENTENCE IS PRINTED IN SHADOW, UNDERLINE AND JUSTIFICATION MODES RELEASE SHADOW, UNDERLINE AND JUSTIFICATI ON MODES See Also: ESC+O, ESC+W, ESC+E, ESC+F, ESC+M, ESC+=, ESC+SO+M, ESC+DC1+N and ESC+DC2+n. Comment: eESC+X does not clear proportional spacing mode, HMI, VMI, and tab settings. 4-53 4.15 | Miscellaneous Commands ESC+CR+P Initializes the printer after all data in buffer are processed ESC+SUB+1 Initializes the printer immediately ESC+Z Prints special character located on the spoke position 1 ESC+Y Prints special character located on the spoke position 2 ESC First byte of multi-byte control code NUL Ignored by the printer DEL Ignored by the printer REMOTE RESET Initializes the printer causing all data in the buffer to be printed. Name: ESC+CR+P Code: 27,13,80 nec 1B,0D,50 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)-+CHR$(13)+"P”: Example: 14 REM REMOTE RESET 20 REM RELEASE FORMATTING, HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL MOVING, 30 REM PRINT CONDITIONING AND WORD PROCESSING COMMANDS 40 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (9)+CHRS (15) ;CHRS(27)+"1"; 29 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (9) +CHRS (15) ;CHRS (27) +"g"; "R" 6% LPRINT CHRS(27)+"E"; 70 LPRINT CHRS(27)+"wW"; 80 LPRINT "RIGHT MARGIN";CHRS(9);"1S SET AT 15 COLUMNS" 90 LPRINT CHRS (27) +CHRS (13)+"p" 100 LPRINT "'REMOTE RESET' INITIALIZES THE PRINTER" 118 END R RIGHT MARGIN I S SET AT 15 COL UMNS "REMOTE RESET' INITIALIZES THE PRINTER Comment: *ESC+CR+P causes the printer to be initialized after all data in buffer are processed. 4-54 REMOTE INITIALIZE Immediately initializes the printer when received over the interface. Name: ESC+SUB+1 Code: 27,26,73 vec 1B,1A,49 nex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+CHR$(26)+"1"; Example: 10 REM REMOTE INITIALIZE 20 FOR I=1 TO 1898 30 LPRINT "'REMOTE INITIALIZE' INITIALIZES THE PRINTER IMMEDIATELY" 40 NEXT I 59 LPRINT CHRS(27)+CHRS (26)+"I"; 69 END 'REMOTE INITIALIZE' INITIALIZES THE PRINTER IMMEDIATELY "REMOTE INITIALIZE' INITIALIZES THE PRINTER IMMEDIATELY "REMOTE INITIALIZE' INITIALIZES THE PRINTER IMMEDIATELY ZES THE PRINTER IMMEDIATELY Comment: eESC+SUB-+1 causes the printer to be initialized immediately. 4-55 SPECIAL CHARACTER 1: Prints special character 1 rather than the standard unprintable character with ASCII code 127 vec (7F HEX) + Name: ESC+Z Code: 27,90 vec 1B,5A Hex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+"“Z"; Example: (See ESC+Y below) Comments: | eThis special character may vary from print wheel to print wheel, but will always be printed under ASCII code 127 oc (7F vex) and is always located at spoke position 1. Also see APPENDIX D. olf ESC+Z is not entered, LPRINT CHR$(127) will be ignored. SPECIAL CHARACTER 2 | Prints special character 2 rather than the standard character with ASCII code 32 osc (20 нех). Name: ESC+Y Code: 27,89 pec 1В,59 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27)+“Y"; Example: 19 REM SPECIAL CHARACTER 1 AND 2 20 FOR I=1 TO 5 | 30 LPRINT "ESC+Z (ASCII CODE:127) = "; AG LPRINT CHRS (27)+"Z"; 59 LPRINT " Te | 69 LPRINT "ESC+Y (ASCII CODE:32) = "; 70 LPRINT CHRS (27)+"Y" 80 NEXT I | 90 END ESC+Y (ASCII CODE: 32) ESC+Y (ASCII CODE: 32) ESC+Y (ASCII CODE: 32) ESC+Y (ASCII CODE: 32) ESC+Y (ASCII CODE: 32) ESC+Z (ASCII CODE:127) ESC+Z (ASCII CODE:127) ESC+Z (ASCII CODE:127) ESC+Z (ASCII CODE:127) ESC+Z (ASCII CODE:127) wn mn i mm mmm ton mn nn 1 J J 4 1 Comments: eThis special character may vary from print wheel to print wheel, but will always by printed under ASCII code 32 oec (20 нех) and is always located at spoke position 2. Also see APPENDIX D. elf ESC+Y is not entered, LPRINT CHR$(32) will print the “space” character. 4-56 ESCAPE CODE: First byte of each multi-byte printer control code. Name: ESC Code: 27 Dec 1В нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(27); Comments: eESC cannot be generated by the ESC key on certain computers. ESC sequences cannot be sent to the printer during self-test printing. NULL CODE: The printer ignores this code. Name: NUL Code: О сес О0 нех Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(0); Comment: eNUL as well as DEL is ignored by the printer. DELETE CODE: The printer ignores this code. Name: DEL Code: 127 Dec TF nex Input Format: LPRINT CHR$(127); Comment: eDEL as weli as NUL is ignored by the printer. 4-57 PSEUDO TYPEWRITER MODE: This mode allows you to use your printer as a typewriter by typing characters from your personal computer. To use this mode, a program must be executed on your personal computer. For example, a program on the IBM® personal computer is following: LIST 19 AS=INPUTS (1) 20 PRINT AS; 39 LPRINT AS; 49 GOTO 189 50 END Ok RUN the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. 4-58 FEO INTERFACING | 5.1 || Parallel Interfacing “Interfacing” is the term used to describe the process of connecting your printer to a computer. There are two basic types of Interfaces—paraltel and serial. This printer has a Centronics parallel interface as standard with an RS-232-C serial interface available as an option. (This priter does not support the IEEE 488 interface.) Parallel interfacing can be used when the printer is close to the computer. However, if the printer is more than 8" from the computer, or if the data is coming from a communication network, the interface must be serial. Parallel The main advantage of parallel communication is simplicity. The Centronics-compatible interface Is a basic parallel interface with simple handsha- King and control signals. There are no DIP switch settings or other steps necessary. Figure 5.1 lists the pin assignments. Parallel Specifications eData transfer speed: eSynchronization: 400 cps minimum Strobe pulse eLogic levels: TTL — eHandshaking: BUSY and ACK eConnector type: AMPHENOL 57-30360 or Equivalent Use a shielded cable 3 meters or less in length. eCable Parallel data transfer is so named because the 8 data bits which make up an ASCII character are sent in parallel instead of one at time (serial). The sequence is started by the STB signal. The data from the computer is read by the printer. While the printer is busy processing the data (or during a carriage return or line feed) it sends a BUSY signal back to the computer. After the data has been processed, it sends an ACK (acknowledge) signal, indicating it is ready to receive more data. Then the process starts all over again. 18 1 0090000000000000000 000000000000000000 36 19 5-1 Signal Return Signal Direction 1 19 STB Input 2 20 DATA 1 3 21 DATA 2 4 22 DATA3 5 23 DATA 4 Input 6 24 DATA5 7 95 DATA 6 8 26 DATA 7 9 27 DATAS8 10 28 ACK Output 11 29 BUSY Output 12 РЕ Output 13 SLCT Output 14 AUTO FEED XT | Input 15 16 SG 17 FG 18 +5V 31 30 PRIME Input 39 ERROR Output 33 SG 34 35 36 Figure 5.1 Pin Configuration 5.2 || Connector Signals The following section contains a more detailed description of the function of each signal. Figure 5.2 shows the timing relationships of the data and control signals. The status of a signal is referred to as “HIGH” or “LOW”. When a signal is “HIGH”, the voltage is above 3.5 volts. If the signal is “LOW”, the voltage is less than 0.5 volt. These OV to +5V level signals are referred to as TTL level signals. “INPUT” refers to a signal being received by the printer and “QUTPUT” refers to a signal being sent by the printer. STB ... STROBE eThis is a synchronizing input signal to read data into the printer. efhis signal is normally high. Data is read in when it goes low. e The pulse must be low for at least 1 microsecond. DATA 1-DATA 8 eThese are the input signals which carry the 8 data bits of information. ®The signal is read in synchronization with the STB pulse. A high level indicates a logical “1”. eThe signal must be present 0.5 microsecond before arrival of the STB pulse. ACK ... ACKNOWLEDGE eThis is an output signal to the computer indicating that the printer is ready to receive the next block of data. It is sent out when the BUSY signal drops from high to low. Therefore, it can be thought of as a data request puise. eThe signal is normally high. When the condition becomes true, the signal goes low. eThe ACK signal is automatically sent whenever the printer is switched ON LINE. 5-2 BUSY eThis output signal indicates the status of the printer. The signal is high when the printer is busy and cannot receive data. eThe signal is high under the following conditions: 1. receive buffer full 2. printer is processing data 3. printer is OFF LINE 4. printer is in an error condition PE ... PAPER END e This output signal indicates the paper end (only when using tractor feed option). eThe signal is normally low and goes high during a “Paper End” condition. SLCT ... SELECT eSELECT is an output signal which indicates the ON LINE or OFF LINE state of the printer. The . signal is high in the ON LINE state and low when OFF LINE. eThe printer enters the ON LINE state: 1. when the printer is turned on. 2. when PRIME is received. 3. when the RESET command is received. 4. when the ON LINE switch is pressed. eThe printer enters the OFF LINE state: 1. when the printer is out of paper (only when using tractor feed option). 2. when the printer is switched OFF LINE. 3. ribbon end. 4. top cover open. AUTO FEED XT eThis input signal determines if a line feed (LF) command will be added to each carriage return (CR). eWhen AUTO FEED XT is low, CR+LF action occurs. When AUTO FEED XT is high, only a CR is performed. | eDIP switch SW-1 can alter the response by the printer to an AUTO FEED XT signal. If SW-1 is ON, the printer will perform a CR+LF regardless of the level of the incoming signal. When SW-1 is OFF, this automatic action is disabled. SG ... SIGNAL GROUND eThe twisted pair return wires (pins 19-30) are connected to signal ground. FG ... FRAME GROUND eFrame ground is the same as chassis ground. PRIME This input signal is used to initialize the printer. The signal is normally high and goes low to reset the printer. It can be received anytime during printer operation. ERROR This output signal is an “error” or “fault” condition. Normally high, this signal goes low when an error occurs. An error condition can be caused by: 1. a “Paper End” condition (Only when tractor feed option is installed). 2. a ribbon end condition. 3. a format error or a checksum error in download mode. Timing Chart (When normal printing code is received) DATA1-8 STB BUSY | ACK — TY T2 |T3 — a} E T5 > T4 <— T1...0.5us (Min) T2...1us (Min) T13...0.5us (Min) T4...7us (Max) T5...2.5ms or less when not buffer full 15s or less when buffer full Figure 5.2 Timing Diagram 5.3 || Print Buffer A computer can send data to the printer faster than the printer can process it. To avoid delaying the computer while the printing is taking place, a print buffer is used. A buffer is simply a temporary storage place for data. The computer can now send large blocks of data to the print buffer, then go perform other tasks. The printer can then process the data without delaying the computer. The larger the buffer size the more data the computer can send at one time. This printer has a 6K buffer as standard. It can be expanded to 38K by adding the 32K buffer option. A typical page contains approximately 2K of data. So the standard 6K buffer is equal to roughly 3 pages. The buffer used here includes the line buffer. 6 MAINTENANCE This printer does not require any routine maintenance. However, reasonable care of the printer will extend its life. The following preventive and periodic measures are recommended: 6.1 Preventive Maintenance oKeep all liquids away from the printer. Accidental spillage of a liquid into the printer can cause severe damage. eDo not block the air flow around the printer. Do not place books, paper, or other items on top of the printer. eSpecial care should be taken to protect the printer if it is used in an unfriendly environment such as a machine shop, a dusty or sandy area, etc. eWhen transporting the printer, be sure the carriage stopper is in place. This will help prevent damage to the printhead. eThe life of the printhead assembly can be extended by observing a few simple precautions. eDo not operate the printer without paper and a ribbon cassette instalied. eKeep the print wheels in a case when notin use. *Do not obstruct the movement of the carriage or print wheel while in motion. elf the printer is not going to be used for an extended period, unplug the power cord. 6-1 Periodic Maintenance 6.2 Cleaning the unit is the most important action the user can perform. The frequency of cleaning is dependent upon the environment. eTurn the power OFF. eClean the case and covers with a soft cloth. Use mild commercial cleaner. e Raise the top cover. Vacuum or dust the inside area of the unit. Be very careful not to damage the flex ribbon cable. eThe carriage guide bar can be lubricated with a very light oil. elf this printer should need servicing return the unit to an authorized Panasonic service center. Do not attempt to repair the unit. There are no userrepairable assemblies in the printer. 6.3 Replacing Ribbon Cassette Product name: Ribbon Cassette Product number: KX-P300 (multi-strike ribbon) 6.4 Troubleshooting Most problems associated with the printer can be traced to improper setup, installation, or cabling. Figure 6.1 will assist the user in identifying and correcting some of the more common problems. If you need additional help, contact the store from which the unit was purchased. SYMPTOM POSSIBLE CAUSE PROBABLE SOLUTION Printer Dead ERROR condition Power on but printer not printing data Printer won't go ON LINE Paper slips around platen Printout double-spaced Printer over prints same line Printout not proportional spaced in PS mode Erratic printing e No AC Power e Interlock SW open e Ribbon end e Out of paper (only when using tractor feed option) Printer not ON LINE Ribbon end Pinch roliers not engaged Auto line feed on No line feed PS print wheel not installed e Metal print wheel e Wrong type print wheel Check power cord Close top cover Reset ribbon Insert paper Press ON LINE switch | Install ribbon Reset paper release lever Set SW-1 as required Set SW-1 as required Install PS print wheel Install plastic print wheel Install specified print wheel Figure 6.1 Troubleshooting Chart 6.5, | Installation of Option RS-232C Adapter When installing optional RS-232C adapter board in the printer, four screws will be used for fixing it. One screw is provided on the boss in the bottom case, and it must be used at current location when fixing the adapter board. Other three screws are contained in the carton of the adapter option. One of two short hexagonal screws which are also contained in the carton of the adapter option will not be used. 6-2 APPENDIX A ASCII Code Table Bit7 | 0 | 0 | © 1 | 4 1 Bte | 0 | 0 | 1 о | о Bt5 | 0 | 1 | oO 0 | 1 1 Bit | Bit | Bit | Bit | €clumn 4 3 2 1 Row 0 | 1 | 2 4 | 5 7 0 0 0 0 0 |NUL|DLE| SP @ | P p 0 0 0 1 |soH|DCI| |! A | Q q 0 0 0 2 |smx|pc2| * в | в г 0 0 1 3 |¡ETX/DC3 # с | 8 8 0 0 0 4 ¡EOTiDCA] $ DIT 0 0 1 5 |ENQ|NAK| % E | U и 0 0 6 |ACK|SYN| & F |v v 0 7 | BEL | ETB G | w и 0 0 0 8 BS |CAN! ( H X x 1 0 0 9 HT | EM | ) EY y 0 1 0 A | LF |suB| * J | z z 1 0 1 B ут |Esc| + K | | ( 1 0 0 С FF | FS | , L | | ‘1 ‘ 0 р | св |с$ | - M | 1 ; 1 1 1 0 E SO | RS NA ~ ol 1 F sl | us | / о | - DEL A-1 APPENDIX B Control Code Table MNEMONIC ASCII “Нат DECIMAL HEX CONTROL TERM ENTER CODE CODE NUL null CTRL @ 0 00 SOH start of heading CTRL A 1 01 STX start of text CTRL B 2 02 ETX end of text CTRL C 3 03 EOT end of transmission CTRL D 4 04 ENQ enquiry CTRL E 5 05 ACK acknowledge CTRL F 6 06 BEL bell CTRL G 7 07 BS backspace CTRL H 8 08 HT horizonal tabulation CTRL | 9 09 LF line feed CTRL J 10 OA VT vertical tabulation CTRL K 11 0B FF form feed CTRL L 12 оС СВ carriage return CTRL M 13 0D so shift out CTRL N 14 OE SI shift in CTRL O 15 OF DLE data link escape CTRL P 16 10 DC1 device control 1 CTRL Q 17 11 DC? device control 2 CTRL R 18 12 DC3 device control 3 CTRL S 19 13 DC4 device control 4 CTRL T 20 14 NAK negative acknowledge CTRL U 21 15 SYN synchronous idle CTRL V 22 16 ETB end transmission blk CTRL W 23 17 CAN cancel CTRL X 24 18 EM end of medium CTRL Y 25 19 SUB substitute CTRL Z 26 1A ESC escape CTRL | 27 1B FS file separator CTRL \ 28 16 GS group separator CTRL ] 29 1D RS record separator CTRL © 30 1E US unit separator CTRL — 31 1F Proportional Spacing Table Value of width indicates each amount of the spacing before and after printing corresponding character. ASCII CODE ch ASCII CODE DEC HEX aracter Width DEC HEX Character Width 32 20 EA 6 80 50 Р 5 33 21 | 3 81 51 Q 6 34 22 и 4 82 52 R 6 35 23 # /& 5 83 53 5 5 36 24 5 84 54 T 5 37 25 % 6 85 55 U 6 38 26 & 6 86 56 V 6 39 27 | 2 87 57 W 7 40 28 ( 3 88 58 X 6 41 29 ) 3 89 59 Y 6 42 2A * 4 90 BA Z 5 43 28 + 5 91 5B [ 4 44 2C 3 92 5C \ 4 45 2D — 5 93 5D | 4 46 2E : 3 94 5E A 5 47 2F / 4 95 5F — 6 48 30 0 5 96 60 5 49 31 1 5 97 61 a 5 50 32 2 5 98 62 b 5 51 33 3 5 99 63 С 5 52 34 „4 5 100 64 d 5 53 35 5 5 101 65 e 5 54 36 6 5 102 66 f 4 55 37 7 5 103 67 g 5 56 38 8 5 104 68 h 5 57 39 9 5 105 69 | 3 58 3A ; 3 106 6A j 2 59 3B 3 107 6B k 5 60 3C < 5 108 6C | 3 61 3D = 5 109 6D m 7 62 3E > 5 110 6E n 5 63 3F ? 5 111 6F О 5 64 40 @ 7 112 70 р 5 65 41 А 6 113 71 q 5 66 42 B 5 114 72 r 4 67 43 C 6 115 73 $ 4 68 44 D 6 116 74 t 4 69 45 E 5 117 75 u 5 70 46 F 5 118 76 V 5 71 47 G 6 119 77 W 7 72 48 H 6 120 78 X 5 73 49 | 3 121 79 y 5 74 4A J 4 122 7A 2 5 75 48 K 6 123 7B { 4 76 4C L 5 124 7C | 5 77 4D M 7 125 7D ) 5 78 4E N 6 126 7E ~ 5 79 AF О 6 127 | 7F и 5 7 ; Unit: 1420 inch=0.21 mm C-1 APPENDIX D р Courier 10 Print Wheel : Spoke position . Character : Proportional spacing/Ribbon advance unit : Hammer energy level HOME POSITION D-1 1 APPENDIX E DIP Switch Settings Feeder Option DIP : Position Switch cowitch ON OFF When | Software Number Shipped AUTO LINE FEED Carriage Return Carriage 1 | plus Return only by CR OFF NO (AUTO FEED XT) Line Feed by CR code | code 8 lines/inch | 6 lines/inch 2 Line Spacing (3.2 mm) (4.2 mm) OFF YES 8.5inches 11 inches 3 Form Length (216 mm) (279 mm) OFF YES 4 | Lut Sheet Used Not used OFF NO E-1 APPENDIX F Software Commands Name NUL BS HT LF VT FF CR Sl ESC SP DEL ESC+BS ESC+HT+n ESC+LF ESC+VT+n ESC+FF+n ESC+CR+P ESC+SO+M ESC+DC1+n ESC+DC2+n ESC+SUB+1 ESC+RS+n ESC+US+n ESC+! ESC+" ESC+# ESC+& ESC+— ESC+/ ESC+0 ESC+1 ESC+2 ESC+3 ESC+4 ESC+5 ESC+6 ESC+7 ESC+8 ESC+9 ESC+= ESC+? ESC+C ESC+D ESC+E ESC+F ESC+G ESC+L ESC+M Function Ignored by the printer Backspaces width of a character Executes horizontal tab Executes single forward line feed Executes vertical tab Advances paper to next top margin Returns carriage to beginning of line Disables program mode First byte of multi-byte control code Leaves space of 1 character Ignored by the printer Backspaces 1/120 inch (0.21 mm) Executes absolute horizontal tab Executes single reverse line feed Executes absolute vertical tab Sets the number of lines per page Initializes the printer after all data in buffer are processed Enables programmable character spoke position, proportional spacing/ribbon advance unit size, and the hammer energy level settings Sets offset value Enables overstriking mode Initializes the printer immediately Sets vertical motion index (VMI) Sets horizontal motion index (HMI) Releases auto carriage return mode Sets auto line feed mode Releases auto line feed mode Releases bold/shadow/outline printing Sets vertical tab stop Sets bi-directional printing Sets the right margin Sets horizontal tab stop Clears all horizontal and vertical tab stops Sets graphics mode Releases graphics mode Sets forward printing Sets backward printing Enables print suppression Clears horizontal tab stop Sets the left margin Enables auto centering mode Sets auto carriage return mode Clears the top and bottom margins Executes reverse half-line feed Sets single underlining mode Sets outline printing mode Sets double underlining mode Sets the bottom margin Enables auto justification mode Page 4-57 4-18 4-20 4-22 4-26 4-25 4-16 4-52 4-57 4-17 4-57 4-19 4-21 4-23 4-27 4-12 4-54 4-52 4-43 4-46 4-55 4-33 4-31 4-37 4-36 4-36 4-44 4-14 4-34 4-13 4-15 4-38 4-38 4-35 4-35 4-40 4-13 4-7 4-48 4-37 4-11 4-24 4-45 4-44 4-45 4-10 4-47 Name ESC+O ESC+P ESC+Q ESC+R ESC+S ESC+T ESC+U ESC+V ESC+W ESC+X ESC+Y ESC+Z ESC-+1 Function Sets bold printing Sets proportional spacing Releases proportional spacing Releases single/double underlining mode Resets horizontal motion index (HMI) Sets the top margin Executes forward half-line feed Disables overstriking mode Sets shadow printing Disables all word processing mode Prints special character located on the spoke position 2 Prints special character located on the spoke position 1 Sets single direction printing Page 4-44 4-30 4-30 4-45 4-32 4-24 4-46 4-44 4-53 4-56 4-56 4-34 GLOSSARY ADDRESS: A location in memory where data is stored. ALPHANUMERIC: Composed of letters and numbers. ACKNOWLEDGE: This reply indicates the previous block was accepted without error and the printer is ready to accept the next block. ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII CODE: A standard data transmission code that was introduced to achieve compatibility between data devices. It is composed of seven information bits and one parity bit yielding a total of 96 displayable characters and 32 control characters. BASIC: Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. BASIC is the most popular “high level” program- ming language. It is composed of English words, abbreviations and common mathematical symbols. BINARY SYSTEM: A counting system that uses only “0” and “1” in combinations that the computer understands. It is easily translated into electronic pulses. BIT: The smallest piece of computer information, either a “0” or “1”, or electronically “on™ or “off”. Usually a group of 7 bits represents a single ASCII character. BUFFER: A temporary storage facility used to accumulate data. BYTE: A string of bits representing a letter, number or symbol. CHARACTER: A symbol that represents or expresses a digit, letter, punctuation mark, or other symbols. CHECKSUM: The sum of a series of data bytes which is checked by the computer for data format errors. COMMAND: An instruction causing a specific task to be performed. COMPATIBLE: Able to operate together. COMPUTER: Any device that can receive, store, and then act on a set of instructions in a predetermined fashion. CONTROL CHARACTER: A character used to initiate a non-printing function such as line feed, carriage return, etc. epi: An acronym for Characters Per Inch. It refers to the number of characters in one inch of text. This printer prints allows 10, 12, and 15 cpi, as well as proportional spacing. | cps: An acronym for Characters Per Second. It refers to the number of characters a printer can print in one second. This printer prints an average of 17 cps. DAISYWHEEL: A round flat printing elememt with characters on “petals”. It is so named because it resembles a Daisy flower. DIP switch: An acronym for Dual In-line Package switch. It is a set of small switches that allows you to select certain functions. DOWNLOAD MODE: The process by which special character print information is stored in RAM, ESCAPE CODE SEQUENCE: A command beginning with “ESCAPE” that tells the printer to do something. G-1 FORM FEED: The function that allows the printer to advance the paper one page. This can be done by activating the Form Feed switch on the front panel or through software. FIRMWARE: Intangible instructions (software) are placed inside the physical IC (hardware). This software/ hardware combination is referred to as firmware. HMI: (Horizontal Motion Index) A value which specifies the distance the carriage moves between printing of characters. | HAMMER: A daisywheel printer mechanism which strikes a character on a printwheel against the ribbon, causing that character to be printed. HANDSHAKING: A preliminary procedure performed by modems and/or terminals and computers to verify that communication has been established. HARDWARE: The physical components of a printer. HEXADECIMAL: Pertaining to a number system with a base of 16. The lowest digit is zero and the highest digit is F. GRAPHICS: A mode in which pictures, maps, charts, histograms or other designs can be created. INPUT: (1) The data fed into a computer. (2) The process of feeding data into a computer, printer or modem. VO (Input/Output): The process of exchanging information between a computer and the outside world. INTERFACE: A common connection or piece of equipment between two devices. K: Stands for the Greek word “Kilo”, meaning one thousand. In common usage, K means 1024. KILOBYTE: 1024 bytes. LANGUAGE: A code understood by programmers and computers. MEMORY: The place inside a computer where information is stored. MODE: A condition or set of conditions under which a rule applies. ON-LINE: The condition of being ready to communicate with a computer. NULL CHARACTER: A control character that serves to fill time. Null characters may be inserted into or removed from a sequence of characters without affecting the meaning of the sequence. Not to be confused with zeros or spaces. OPERATING SYSTEM: A program that allows the computer to communicate with you, the user. PAPER BAIL: The bar that holds the paper against the platen. PLATEN: The hard-rubber roller that provides the platform for the paper and cushions the impact of the print head. PARALLEL TRANSMISSION: The simultaneous transmission or all the bits or elements making up a character. In a eight bit code, all eight bits would be transmitted over eight separate wires. PRINTWHEEL: See daisywheel G-2 PROPORTIONAL SPACING: A method of spacing the characters on a print line where some letters (such as “M” and “"W") take more space than narrow letters such as “I” and “’ PROGRAM: A set of instructions which tells the computer what to do and under what conditions. PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory. Contents of the ROM can be changed by the user. PROTOCOL: A set of procedures or conventions used routinely between equipment such as terminals and computers. RAM: Random Access Memory. RAM is the main working memory of the computer. The data in RAM memory are lost when the computer is turned off. ROM: Read Oniy Memory. A portion of memory in which the contents can be read but not erased or changed. ROM usualiy contains the programs or data most needed for the computer to operate. ROM can also refer to the chips that contain Read Only Memory. RS-232C: A standard set of rules that governs the sending and receiving of data in serial form. SERIAL: A method of data transmission in which bits are sent one at a time. SOFTWARE: The programs in a computer that tell the hardware what to do. STORAGE: The places where a computer keeps information. ROM, RAM, cassettes and floppy disk are ail storage media. STROBE: A signal transmitted over the parallel interface that tells the computer when data can be sampled from the interface. When the STROBE signal is not set, the data lines are in an uncertain state. SYSTEM: All of the pieces around and including a computer. VMI: (Vertical Motion Index) The distance the paper (platen) moves for each line feed, negative line feed, etc. This distance is in multiples of 1/48 inch {0.53 mm). Minimum VMI is 0, maximum is 125. When VMI=0, no paper movement occurs. WORD PROCESSING: A program which allows the user to create, modify, edit and print various documents. G-3 Printed in Japan Panasonic Industrial Company, Computer Products Div. Division of Matsushita Electric Corporation of America One Panasonic Way, Secaucus, New Jersey 07094 “ Panasonic Hawaii, Inc. (PHI) 91-238 Kauhi St. Ewa Beach, Honolulu, Hawaii 96808-0774 Panasonic Sales Company Ave. 65 De Infanteria, KM9.7 Victoria Industrial Park Carolina, Puerto Rico 00630 4 PJQX5183ZA F0885M0

Panasonic KXP3131 Operating Instructions

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