ICP DAS USA MSM-6226G User's Manual

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MSM-6226G
User's Manual
26-Port L2 Plus Managed Switch
 2012, ICPDAS. All rights reserved. All brand and product names are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective companies
i
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Unless the explicit written permission of ICPDAS Corporation, this
document in whole or in part shall not be replicated or modified or amended or transmitted, in any from, or by any means manual, electric,
electronic, electromagnetic, mechanical, optical or otherwise for any purpose.
DURATION OF HARDWARE WARRANTY
HARDWARE: In accordance with the provisions described under, ICPDAS Corporation (hereinafter called “ICPDAS”) warrants its hardware
products (hereinafter referred to as “Product”) specified herein to be for a period of twelve (12) months from the date of shipment.
Should a Product fail to perform during the effective warranty period as described above, ICPDAS shall replace the defective Product or part,
or delivering a functionally equivalent Product or part in receipt of customer’s request, provided that the customer complies with the return
material authorization (RMA) procedures and returns all defective Product prior to installation of the replacements to ICPDAS.
All defective Products must be returned to ICPDAS with issuance of a Return Material Authorization number (RMA number) assigned to the
reseller from whom the end customer originally purchased the Product. The reseller is responsible for ensuring the shipments are insured,
with the transportation charges prepaid and the RMA number clearly marked on the outside of the package. ICPDAS will not accept collect
shipments or those returned without an RMA number.
ICPDAS shall not be responsible for any software, firmware, information or memory data contained in, stored on or integrated with any
Product returned to ICPDAS pursuant to any warranty.
EXCLUSIONS. The warranty as mentioned above does not apply to the following conditions, in ICPDAS’s judgment, it contains (1)
customer does not comply with the manual instructions offered by ICPDAS in installation, operation, repair or maintenance, (2) Product fails
due to damage from unusual external or electrical stress, shipment, storage, accident, abuse or misuse, (3) Product is used in an extra
hazardous environment or activities, (4) any serial number on the Product has been removed or defaced, (5) this warranty will be of no
effect if the repair is via anyone other than ICPDAS or the approved agents, or (6) In the event of any failures or delays by either party
hereto in the performance of all or any part of this agreement due to acts of God, war, riot, insurrection, national emergency, strike, embargo,
storm, earthquake, or other natural forces, or by the acts of anyone not a party to this agreement, or by the inability to secure materials or
transportation, then the party so affected shall be executed from any further performance for a period of time after the occurrence as may
reasonably be necessary to remedy the effects of that occurrence, but in no event more than sixty (60) days. If any of the stated events
should occur, Party A shall promptly notify Party B in writing as soon as commercially practicable, but in no event more than twenty (20)
business days and provide documentation evidencing such occurrence. In no event shall the maximum liability of ICPDAS under this
warranty exceed the purchase price of the Product covered by this warranty.
DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED ABOVE AS REQUIRED “AS IS” AND THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES
STATED ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. ANY AND ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT OR THIRD PARTY RIGHTS ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED.
ICPDAS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT
NOTICE: Please carefully read this Software License Agreement (hereinafter referred to as this “Agreement”) before copying or using the
accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre-enabled software or firmware (each of which is referred to as “Software” in
this Agreement). BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE PROVISIONS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS
AGREEMENT. THE PROVISIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY PROVISION UNDER WHICH ICPDAS WILL
PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE. If you do not accept these provisions and conditions, please immediately return the unused
software, manual and the related product. Written approval is NOT a prerequisite to the validity or enforceability of this Agreement and no
solicitation of any such written approval by or on behalf of ICPDAS shall be deemed as an inference to the contrary.
LICENSE GRANT. The end user (hereinafter referred to as “Licensee”) of the Software is granted a personal, non-sublicensable,
nonexclusive, nontransferable license by ICPDAS Corporation (“ICPDAS”): (1) To use the ICPDAS’s software (“Software”) in object code
form solely on a single central processing unit owned or leased by Licensee or otherwise embedded in the equipment offered by ICPDAS.
(2) To copy the Software only for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software. (3) To use and copy the documentation
related to the Software solely in support of authorized use of the Software by Licensee. The License applies to the Software only except
other ICPDAS’s software or hardware products. Without the prior written consent of ICPDAS, Licensee has no right to receive any source
code or design documentation with respect to the Software.
RESTRICTIONS ON USE; RESERVATION OF RIGHTS. The Software and related documentation are protected under copyright laws.
ICPDAS and/or its licensors retain all title and ownership in both the Software and its related documentation, including any revisions made
by ICPDAS. The copyright notice must be reproduced and included with any copy of any portion of the Software or related documentation.
Except as expressly authorized above, Licensee shall not copy or transfer the Software or related documentation, in whole or in part.
Licensee also shall not modify, translate, decompile, disassemble, use for any competitive analysis, reverse compile or reverse assemble all
or any portion of the Software, related documentation or any copy. The Software and related documentation embody ICPDAS’s confidential
and proprietary intellectual property. Licensee is not allowed to disclose the Software, or any information about the operation, design,
performance or implementation of the Software and related documentation that is confidential to ICPDAS to any third party. Software and
related documentation may be delivered to you subject to export authorization required by governments of Taiwan and other countries. You
agree that you will not export or re-export any Software or related documentation without the proper export licenses required by the
governments of affected countries.
LIMITED SOFTWARE WARRANTY. ICPDAS warrants that any media on which the Software is recorded will be free from defects in
materials under normal use for a period of twelve (12) months from date of shipment. If a defect in any such media should occur during the
effective warranty period, the media may be returned to ICPDAS, then ICPDAS will replace the media. ICPDAS shall not be responsible for
the replacement of media if the failure of the media results from accident, abuse or misapplication of the media.
EXCLUSIONS. The warranty as mentioned above does not apply to the Software, which (1) customer does not comply with the manual
instructions offered by ICPDAS in installation, operation, or maintenance, (2) Product fails due to damage from unusual external or electrical
stress, shipment, storage, accident, abuse or misuse, (3) Product is used in an extra hazardous environment or activities, (4) any serial
number on the Product has been removed or defaced, or (5) this warranty will be of no effect if the repair is via anyone other than ICPDAS
or the authorized agents. The maximum liability of ICPDAS under this warranty is confined to the purchase price of the Product covered by
this warranty.
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DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED ABOVE, THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS ” AND ICPDAS AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REPSECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTAITON. ICPDAS AND ITS LICENSORS
DISCLAIM ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, INCLUSIVE OF WITHOUT LIMITATION, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. FURTHER, ICPDAS DOES NOT WARRANT, GUARANTEE, OR
MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE, OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE, OF THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED
WRITTEN DOCUMENTAITON IN TERMS OF CORRECTNESS, ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, OR OTHERWISE.
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL ICPDAS OR ITS AUTHORIZED RESELLER BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY
THIRD PARTY FOR (A) ANY MATTER BEYOND ITS REASONABLE CONTROL OR (B) ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS LICENSE OR USE OF THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED BY ICPDAS, EVEN IF ICPDAS
HAS BEEN NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES IN ADVANCE. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF ICPDAS IN
CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEMENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO ICPDAS FOR THE LICENSE.
TERM AND TERMINATION. The License is effective until terminated; however, all of the restrictions in regard to ICPDAS’s copyright in the
Software and related documentation will cease being effective at the date of expiration; Notwithstanding the termination or expiration of the
term of this agreement, it is acknowledged and agreed that those obligations relating to use and disclosure of ICPDAS’s confidential
information shall survive. Licensee may terminate this License at any time by destroying the software together with all copies thereof. This
License will be immediately terminated if Licensee fails to comply with any term and condition of the Agreement. Upon any termination of
this License for any reason, Licensee shall discontinue to use the Software and shall destroy or return all copies of the Software and the
related documentation.
GENERAL. This License shall be governed by and construed pursuant to the laws of Taiwan. If any portion hereof is held to be invalid or
unenforceable, the remaining provisions of this License shall remain in full force and effect. Neither the License nor this Agreement is
assignable or transferable by Licensee without ICPDAS’s prior written consent; any attempt to do so shall be void. This License constitutes
the entire License between the parties with respect to the use of the Software.
LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY
ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE
AGREEMENT BETWEEN ICPDAS AND LICENSEE.
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Table of Contents
A. OPERATION OF WEB-BASED MANAGEMENT ..................................................... 2
1. SYSTEM............................................................................................................................ 4
1-1 SYSTEM INFORMATION ................................................................................................. 4
1-1.1 Information .......................................................................................................... 4
1-1.2 Configuration....................................................................................................... 1
1-1.3 CPU Load ............................................................................................................ 1
1-2 TIME ............................................................................................................................. 2
1-2.1 Manual................................................................................................................. 2
1-2.2 NTP ...................................................................................................................... 4
1-3 ACCOUNT ..................................................................................................................... 6
1-3.1 Users .................................................................................................................... 6
1-3.1.1 Add User ..................................................................................................................... 8
1-3.1.2 Privitege Level............................................................................................................ 9
1-4 IP.................................................................................................................................11
1-4.1 IPV4 ....................................................................................................................11
1-4.2 IPV6 ................................................................................................................... 13
1-5 SYSLOG ...................................................................................................................... 15
1-5.1 Configuration.................................................................................................... 15
1-5.2 Log .................................................................................................................... 17
1-5.3 Detailed Log ..................................................................................................... 18
1-6 SNMP ........................................................................................................................ 19
1-6.1 System ............................................................................................................... 19
1-6.2 Communities ...................................................................................................... 21
1-6.3 Users .................................................................................................................. 22
1-6.4 Groups ............................................................................................................... 24
1-6.5 Views .................................................................................................................. 25
1-6.6 Access ................................................................................................................ 27
1-6.7 Tarp.................................................................................................................... 29
2. CONFIGURATION........................................................................................................ 31
2-1 PORT ........................................................................................................................... 31
2-1.1 Configuration..................................................................................................... 31
2-1.2 Port Description ................................................................................................ 33
2-1.3 Traffic Overview................................................................................................. 34
2-1.4 Detailed Statistics .............................................................................................. 35
2-1.5 Qos Statistics...................................................................................................... 38
2-1.6 SFP Information ................................................................................................ 40
2-1.7 EEE.................................................................................................................... 42
2-2 ACL ........................................................................................................................... 44
2-2.1 Ports................................................................................................................... 44
2-2.2 Rate Limiters...................................................................................................... 46
2-2.3 Access Control List ............................................................................................ 47
2-2.4 ACL Ststus.......................................................................................................... 50
2-3 AGGREGATION ............................................................................................................ 52
2-3.1 Static Trunk ........................................................................................................ 52
2-3.1.1 Static Trunk............................................................................................................... 52
2-3.2 LACP ................................................................................................................. 54
2-3.2.1 Configuration............................................................................................................ 54
2-3.2.2 System Status............................................................................................................ 56
2-3.2.3 Port Status................................................................................................................. 57
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2-3.2.4 Port Statistics ............................................................................................................ 59
2-4 SPANNING TREE .......................................................................................................... 60
2-4.1 Bridge Settings................................................................................................... 60
2-4.2 MSTI Mapping ................................................................................................... 62
2-4.3 MSTI Poriorities ................................................................................................ 65
2-4.4 CIST Ports ......................................................................................................... 66
2-4.5 MSTI Ports......................................................................................................... 68
2-4.6 Bridge Status...................................................................................................... 70
2-4.7 Port Status.......................................................................................................... 71
2-4.8 Port Statistics ..................................................................................................... 72
2-5 IGMP SNOOPING ........................................................................................................ 73
2-5.1 Basic Configuration........................................................................................... 73
2-5.2 VLAN Configuration .......................................................................................... 75
2-5.3 Port Group Fitering........................................................................................... 77
2-5.4 Status.................................................................................................................. 79
2-5.5 Group Infermation ............................................................................................. 81
2-5.6 IPv4 SSM information........................................................................................ 82
2-6 MLD SNOOPING ......................................................................................................... 84
2-6.1 Basic Configuration........................................................................................... 84
2-6.2 VLAN Configuration .......................................................................................... 87
2-6.3 Port Group Fitering........................................................................................... 89
2-6.4 Status.................................................................................................................. 90
2-6.5 Group Infermation ............................................................................................. 92
2-6.6 IPv6 SSM Information ....................................................................................... 93
2-7 MVR .......................................................................................................................... 95
2-7.1 Configuration..................................................................................................... 95
2-7.2 Groups Information ........................................................................................... 96
2-7.3 Statistics ............................................................................................................. 97
2-8 LLDP ......................................................................................................................... 98
2-8.1 LLDP Configuration .......................................................................................... 98
2-8.2 LLDP Neighbours ............................................................................................ 102
2-8.3 LLDP-MED Configuration .............................................................................. 104
2-8.4 LLDP-MED Neighbours ...................................................................................113
2-8.5 EEE...................................................................................................................118
2-8.6 Port Statistics ................................................................................................... 120
2-9 FITERING DATA BASE ............................................................................................... 122
2-9.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 122
2-9.2 Status................................................................................................................ 125
2-10 VLAN .................................................................................................................... 126
2-10.1 VLAN Membership......................................................................................... 126
2-10.2 Ports............................................................................................................... 128
2-10.3 Switch Status .................................................................................................. 130
2-10.4 Port Status...................................................................................................... 132
2-10.5 Private VLANs ............................................................................................... 134
2-10.5.1 Private VLANs Membership ................................................................................ 134
2-10.5.2 MAC-based VLAN............................................................................................... 137
2-11.5.3 Protocol -based VLAN.......................................................................................... 140
2-11 VOICE VLAN ......................................................................................................... 144
2-11.1 Configuration ................................................................................................. 144
2-11.2 OUI ................................................................................................................ 147
2-12 GARP..................................................................................................................... 148
2-12.1 Configuration................................................................................................. 148
2-12.2 Statistics ......................................................................................................... 151
2-13 GVRP..................................................................................................................... 152
2-13.1 Configuration................................................................................................. 152
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2-13.2 Statistics ......................................................................................................... 154
2-14 MRP....................................................................................................................... 155
2-14.1 Configuration................................................................................................. 155
2-14.2 Statistics ......................................................................................................... 157
2-15 MVRP.................................................................................................................... 158
2-15.1 Configuration................................................................................................. 158
2-15.2 Statistics ......................................................................................................... 160
2-16 QOS........................................................................................................................ 161
2-16.1 Port Classification ......................................................................................... 161
2-16.2 Port Schedulers.............................................................................................. 163
2-16.3 Port Shapers .................................................................................................. 164
2-16.4 Port Tag Remarking ....................................................................................... 165
2-16.5 Port DSCP ..................................................................................................... 166
2-16.7 DSCP Translation .......................................................................................... 169
2-16.8 DSCP Classification ...................................................................................... 171
2-16.9 QoS Control List Configuration..................................................................... 172
2-16.10 QCL Status .................................................................................................. 176
2-16.11 Storm Control ............................................................................................... 178
2-17 THERMAL PROTECTION .......................................................................................... 179
2-17.1 Status.............................................................................................................. 180
2-18 MIRROR .................................................................................................................. 181
2-19 TRAP EVENT SEVERITY .......................................................................................... 183
2-20 SMTP CONFIGURATION .......................................................................................... 184
3. SECURITY ................................................................................................................... 185
3-1 IP SOURCE GUARD ................................................................................................... 185
3-1.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 185
3-1.2 Static Table....................................................................................................... 187
3-1.3 Dynamic Table ................................................................................................. 188
3-2 ARP INSPRCTION ...................................................................................................... 189
3-2.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 189
3-2.2 Static Table....................................................................................................... 190
3-2.3 Dynamic Table ................................................................................................. 191
3-3 DHCP SNOOPING..................................................................................................... 192
3-3.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 192
3-3.2 Statistics ........................................................................................................... 193
3-4 DHCP RELAY ........................................................................................................... 195
3-4.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 195
3-4.2 Statistics ........................................................................................................... 197
3-5 NAS ......................................................................................................................... 199
3-5.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 199
3-5.2 Switch Status .................................................................................................... 208
3-5.3 Port Status........................................................................................................ 210
3-6 AAA......................................................................................................................... 213
3-6.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 213
3-6.2 Radius Overview .............................................................................................. 217
3-6.3 Radius Detalls.................................................................................................. 219
3-7 PORT SECURITY ........................................................................................................ 220
3-7.1 Limit Control.................................................................................................... 220
3-7.2 Switch Status .................................................................................................... 223
3-7.3 Port Status........................................................................................................ 225
3-8 ACESS MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................. 227
3-8.1 Configuration................................................................................................... 227
3-8.2 Configuration................................................................................................... 229
3-9 SSH.......................................................................................................................... 230
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3-10 HTTPS ................................................................................................................... 231
3-11 AUTH METHOD ....................................................................................................... 232
4. MAINTENANCE.......................................................................................................... 233
4-1 RESTART DEVICE ...................................................................................................... 233
4-2 FIRMWARE UPGRADE................................................................................................ 234
4-3 SAVE / RESTORE........................................................................................................ 235
4-3.1 Factory Defaults .............................................................................................. 235
4-3.2 Save Start ......................................................................................................... 236
4-3.3 Save User ......................................................................................................... 237
4-3.4 Restore User .................................................................................................... 238
4-4 EXPORT / IMPORT ...................................................................................................... 239
4-4.1 Export Config................................................................................................... 239
4-4.2 Import Config................................................................................................... 240
4-5 DIAGMOSTICS ........................................................................................................... 241
4-5.1 Ping.................................................................................................................. 241
4-5.2 Ping6................................................................................................................ 243
4-5.3 VeriPHY ........................................................................................................... 244
B.GLOSSARY OF WEB-BASED MANAGEMENT..................................................... 245
A .................................................................................................................................... 245
C..................................................................................................................................... 247
D .................................................................................................................................... 247
E..................................................................................................................................... 249
F ..................................................................................................................................... 249
H .................................................................................................................................... 250
I...................................................................................................................................... 250
L..................................................................................................................................... 252
M.................................................................................................................................... 253
N .................................................................................................................................... 254
O .................................................................................................................................... 255
P ..................................................................................................................................... 255
Q .................................................................................................................................... 257
R..................................................................................................................................... 257
S ..................................................................................................................................... 258
T..................................................................................................................................... 260
U .................................................................................................................................... 261
V .................................................................................................................................... 262
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About this user’s manual
In this user’s manual, it will not only tell you how to install and connect your
network system but configure and monitor the MSM-6226G through the built-in CLI
and web by (RJ-45) serial interface and Ethernet ports step-by-step. Many
explanation in detail of hardware and software functions are shown as well as the
examples of the operation for web-based interface and command-line interface
(CLI).
Overview of this user’s manual
Chapter 1 “Operation of Web-based Management”
Chapter 2 “Maintenance”
1
A. Operation of Web-based
Management
This chapter instructs you how to configure and manage the MSM-6226G
through the web user interface . With this facility, you can easily access and
monitor through any one port of the switch all the status of the switch, including
MIBs status, each port activity, Spanning tree status, port aggregation status,
multicast traffic, VLAN and priority status, even illegal access record and so on.
The default values of the managed switch are listed in the table below:
IP Address
192.168.1.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Default Gateway 192.168.1.254
Username
admin
Password
After the managed switch has been finished configuration the switch’s serial
interface, you can browse it. For instance, type http://192.168.1.1 in the address row
in a browser, it will show the following screen (see Fig.3-1) and ask you inputting
username and password in order to login and access authentication. The default
username and password are both “admin”. For the first time to use, please enter the
default username and password, then click the &lt;Login&gt; button. The login process
now is completed.
In this login menu, you have to input the complete username and password
respectively, the switch will not give you a shortcut to username automatically. This
looks inconvenient, but safer.
In the switch, it supports a simple user management function allowing only
one administrator to configure the system at the same time. If there are two or more
users using administrator’s identity, the switch will allow the only one who logins first
to configure the system. The rest of users, even with administrator’s identity, can
only monitor the system. For those who have no administrator’s identity, can only
monitor the system. There are only a maximum of three users able to login
simultaneously in the switch.
Note :When you login the swith WEB/CLI to manager.You must first type the
Username of the admin. Password was blank, so when you type after the end
Username, please press enter. Management page to enter WEB/CLI.
Note : AS MSM-6226G the function enable dhcp, so If you do not have DHCP
server to provide ip addressesto the switch, the Switch default ip 192.168.1.1
Note : When you login MSM-6226G switch Web UI management, you can use both
ipv4 ipv6 login to manage
2
To optimize the display effect, we recommend you use Microsoft IE 6.0 above,
Netscape V7.1 above or FireFox V1.00 above and have the resolution 1024x768.
The switch supported neutral web browser interface.
for example, left section is the whole function tree with web user interface
and we will travel it through this chapter.
3
1. System
This chapter describes all of the basic configuration tasks which
includes the System Information and any manage of the Switch(e.g.
Time, Account, IP, Syslog and SNMP.)
1-1 System Information
After you login, the switch shows you the system information . This page is
default and tells you the basic information of the system, including “Model
Name”, “System Description”, “Contact”, “Device Name”, “System Up Time”,
“BIOS Version”, “Firmware Version”, “Hardware-Mechanical Version”, “Serial
Number”, “Host IP Address”, “Host Mac Address”, “Device Port”, “RAM
Size” , “Flash Size” and. With this information, you will know the software
version used, MAC address, serial number, how many ports good and so on.
This is helpful while malfunctioning.
1-1.1 Information
The switch system information is provided here.
Web interface
To configure System Information in the web interface:
1. Click SYSTEM, System, Information.
2. Specify the contact information for the system administrator
as well as the name and location of the switch. Also indicate
the local time zone by configuring the appropriate offset.
3. Click Refresh
4
GEL2-ESW26
GEL2-ESW26
Parameter description:
Contact
The system contact configured in Configuration System Information |
System Contact.
Name
The system name configured in Configuration System Information System
Name.
Location
The system location configured in Configuration System Information
System Location.
Chip ID
The Chip ID of this switch.
MAC Address
The MAC Address of this switch.
System Date
The current (GMT) system time and date. The system time is obtained
through the configured SNTP Server, if any.
System Uptime
The period of time the device has been operational.
Software Version
The software version of the switch.
Software Date
The date when the switch software was produced.
5
1-1.2 Configuration
You can identify the system by configuring the contact information, name,
and location of the switch.
Web interface
To configure System Information in the web interface:
1. Click System, System Information, Configuration.
2. Write System Contact , System Name, System Location information
in this page.
3. Click Save
GEL2-ESW26K
Parameter description:
System Contact
The textual identification of the contact person for this managed node,
together with information on how to contact this person. The allowed
string length is 0 to 255, and the allowed content is the ASCII characters
from 32 to 126.
System Name
An administratively assigned name for this managed node. By convention,
this is the node's fully-qualified domain name. A domain name is a text
string drawn from the alphabet (A-Za-z), digits (0-9), minus sign (-). No
space characters are permitted as part of a name. The first character
must be an alpha character. And the first or last character must not be a
minus sign. The allowed string length is 0 to 255.
System Location
The physical location of this node(e.g., telephone closet, 3rd floor). The
allowed string length is 0 to 255, and the allowed content is the ASCII
characters from 32 to 126.
1
1-1.3 CPU Load
This page displays the CPU load, using an SVG graph
Web Interface
To configure System Information in the web interface:
1. Click System, System Information, CPU Load .
2. Display the CPU Load on the screen
3. Click Auto-refresh .
Parameter description:
The load is measured as averaged over the last 100ms, 1sec and 10
seconds intervals. The last 120 samples are graphed, and the last numbers
are displayed as text as well.
In order to display the SVG graph, your browser must support the SVG
format. Consult the SVG Wiki for more information on browser support.
Specifically, at the time of writing, Microsoft Internet Explorer will need to
have a plugin installed to support SVG.
Note :CPU Load is using SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) to display the
chart and this feature is only available on MS IE 9.0 &amp; above or Firefox v4.0
&amp; above.
1
1-2 Time
This page configure the switch Time. Time configure is including Time
Configuration and NTP Configuration
1-2.1 Manual
The switch provides manual and automatic ways to set the system time
via NTP. Manual setting is simple and you just input “Year”, “Month”,
“Day”, “Hour”, “Minute” and “Second” within the valid value range
indicated in each item.
Web Interface
To configure Time in the web interface:
1. Click Time , Manual.
2. Specify the Time parameter in manual parameters.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Local Time:
Show the current time of the system.
Timezone Offset
Provide the timezone offset relative to UTC/GMT. The offset
is given in minutes east of GMT. The valid range is from -720
to 720 minutes.
2
Daylight Saving:
Daylight saving is adopted in some countries. If set, it will adjust the time
lag or in advance in unit of hours, according to the starting date and the
ending date. For example, if you set the day light saving to be 1 hour.
When the time passes over the starting time, the system time will be
increased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over. And
when the time passes over the ending time, the system time will be
decreased one hour after one minute at the time since it passed over.
The switch supports valid configurable day light saving time is –5 ~ +5
step one hour. The zero for this parameter means it need not have to
adjust current time, equivalent to in-act daylight saving. You don’t have to
set the starting/ending date as well. If you set daylight saving to be nonzero, you have to set the starting/ending date as well; otherwise, the
daylight saving function will not be activated.
.
3
1-2.2 NTP
NTP is Network Time Protocol and is used to sync the network time based
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If use the NTP mode and select a built-in
NTP time server or manually specify an user-defined NTP server as well as
Time Zone, the switch will sync the time in a short after pressing &lt;Apply&gt;
button. Though it synchronizes the time automatically, NTP does not update
the time periodically without user’s processing.
Time Zone is an offset time off GMT. You have to select the time zone first
and then perform time sync via NTP because the switch will combine this
time zone offset and updated NTP time to come out the local time,
otherwise, you will not able to get the correct time. The switch supports
configurable time zone from –12 to +13 step 1 hour.
Default Time zone: +8 Hrs.
Web Interface
To configure Time in the web interface:
1. Click SYSTEM, NTP.
2. Specify the Time parameter in manual parameters.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Mode
Indicates the NTP mode operation. Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable NTP mode operation. When NTP mode operationis
enabled, the agent forwards NTP messages between the clients and the
server when they are not on the same subnet domain.
Disabled: Disable NTP mode operation.
4
Server 1to 5
Provide the NTP IPv4 or IPv6 address of this switch. IPv6 address is in
128-bit records represented as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits
with a colon separating each field (:). For example,
'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The symbol '::' is a special syntax that can be
used as a shorthand way of representing multiple 16-bit groups of
contiguous zeros; but it can only appear once.It can also represent a legally
valid IPv4 address.For example, '::192.1.2.34'.
Buttons
These buttons are displayed on the NTP page:
Save – Click to save changes.
Reset - Click to undo any changes made locally and revert to previously
saved values.
5
1-3 Account
In this function, only administrator can create, modify or delete the
username and password. Administrator can modify other guest identities’
password without confirming the password but it is necessary to modify the
administrator-equivalent identity. Guest-equivalent identity can modify his
password only. Please note that you must confirm administrator/guest
identity in the field of Authorization in advance before configuring the
username and password. Only one administrator is allowed to exist and
unable to be deleted. In addition, up to 4 guest accounts can be created.
1-3.1 Users
This page provides an overview of the current users. Currently the only way
to login as another user on the web server is to close and reopen the
browser
Web Interface
To configure Account in the web interface:
1. Click SYSTEM, Account, Users.
2. Specify the User Name parameter.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
User Name
The name identifying the user. This is also a link to Add/Edit User.
6
Privilege Level
The privilege level of the user. The allowed range is 1 to 15. If the privilege
level value is 15, it can access all groups, i.e. that is granted the fully control
of the device. But others value need to refer to each group privilege level.
User's privilege should be same or greater than the group privilege level to
have the access of that group. By default setting, most groups privilege
level 5 has the read-only access and privilege level 10 has the read-write
access. And the system maintenance (software upload, factory defaults and
etc.) need user privilege level 15. Generally, the privilege level 15 can be
used for an administrator account, privilege level 10 for a standard user
account and privilege level 5 for a guest account.
7
1-3.1.1 Add User
This page configures a user.The switch provide add different user.
Web Interface
To configure Account in the web interface:
1. Click SYSTEM, Account, Users,Add new user
2. Specify the User Name, Password parameter.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
User Name
The name identifying the user.
Password
The password of the user.
Privilege Level
The privilege level of the user. The allowed range is 1 to 15. If the
privilege level value is 15, it can access all groups, i.e. that is granted the
fully control of the device. But others value need to refer to each group
privilege level. User's privilege should be same or greater than the group
privilege level to have the access of that group. By default setting, most
groups privilege level 5 has the read-only access and privilege level 10 has
the read-write access. And the system maintenance (software upload,
factory defaults and etc.) need user privilege level 15. Generally, the
privilege level 15 can be used for an administrator account, privilege level
10 for a standard user account and privilege level 5 for a guest account.
8
1-3.1.2 Privitege Level
This page provides an overview of the privilege levels. The switch provides
user set Account, Aggregation,Diagnostics,EEE,GARP,GVRP,IP, IPMC
Snooping LACP LLDP LLDP MED MAC Table MRP MVR MVRP
Maintenance Mirroring POE Ports Private VLANs QoS SMTP SNMP
Security Spanning Tree System Trap Event VCL VLANs Voice VLAN
Privilege Levels form 1 to 15 .
Web Interface
To configure Privilege Level in the web interface:
1. Click SYSTEM, Account, Privilege Level.
2. Specify the Privilege parameter.
3. Click Save.
9
Parameter description:
Group Name
The name identifying the privilege group. In most cases, a privilege level
group consists of a single module (e.g. LACP, RSTP or QoS), but a few of
them contains more than one. The following description defines these
privilege level groups in details:
System: Contact, Name, Location, Timezone, Log.
Security: Authentication, System Access Management, Port (contains
Dot1x port, MAC based and the MAC Address Limit), ACL, HTTPS, SSH,
ARP Inspection and IP source guard.
IP: Everything except 'ping'.
Port: Everything except 'VeriPHY'.
Diagnostics: 'ping' and 'VeriPHY'.
Maintenance: CLI- System Reboot, System Restore Default, System
Password, Configuration Save, Configuration Load and Firmware Load.
Web- Users, Privilege Levels and everything in Maintenance.
Debug: Only present in CLI.
Privilege Levels
Every group has an authorization Privilege level for the following sub
groups: configuration read-only, configuration/execute read-write,
status/statistics read-only, status/statistics read-write (e.g. for clearing of
statistics). User Privilege should be same or greater than the
authorization Privilege level to have the access to that group.
10
1-4 IP
IP is an acronym for Internet Protocol. It is a protocol used for
communicating data across an internet network.
IP is a &quot;best effort&quot; system, which means that no packet of information sent
over is assured to reach its destination in the same condition it was sent.
Each device connected to a Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area
Network (WAN) is given an Internet Protocol address, and this IP address is
used to identify the device uniquely among all other devices connected to
the extended network.
The current version of the Internet protocol is IPv4, which has 32-bits
Internet Protocol addresses allowing for in excess of four billion unique
addresses. This number is reduced drastically by the practice of
webmasters taking addresses in large blocks, the bulk of which remain
unused. There is a rather substantial movement to adopt a new version of
the Internet Protocol, IPv6, which would have 128-bits Internet Protocol
addresses. This number can be represented roughly by a three with thirtynine zeroes after it. However, IPv4 is still the protocol of choice for most of
the Internet.
1-4.1 IPV4
The IPv4 address for the switch could be obtained via DHCP Server for
VLAN 1. To manually configure an address, you need to change the
switch's default settings to values that are compatible with your network.
You may also need to a establish a default gateway between the switch and
management stations that exist on another network segment.
Configure the switch-managed IP information on this page
The Configured column is used to view or change the IP configuration.
The Current column is used to show the active IP configuration.
Web Interface
To configure an IP address in the web interface:
1. Click System, IP Configuration.
2. Specify the IPv4 settings, and enable DNS proxy service if required.
3. Click Save.
11
Parameter description:
DHCP Client
Enable the DHCP client by checking this box. If DHCP fails and the
configured IP address is zero, DHCP will retry. If DHCP fails and the
configured IP address is non-zero, DHCP will stop and the configured IP
settings will be used. The DHCP client will announce the configured System
Name as hostname to provide DNS lookup.
IP Address
Provide the IP address of this switch in dotted decimal notation.
IP Mask
Provide the IP mask of this switch dotted decimal notation.
IP Router
Provide the IP address of the router in dotted decimal notation.
SNTP Server
Provide the IP address of the SNTP Server in dotted decimal notation.
DNS Server
Provide the IP address of the DNS Server in dotted decimal notation.
VLAN ID
Provide the managed VLAN ID. The allowed range is 1 to 4095.
DNS Proxy
When DNS proxy is enabled, DUT will relay DNS requests to the current
configured DNS server on DUT, and reply as a DNS resolver to the client
device on the network.
12
1-4.2 IPV6
This section describes how to configure the switch-managed IPv6
information. The Configured column is used to view or change the IPv6
configuration. And the Current column is used to show the active IPv6
configuration.
Configure the switch-managed IPv6 information on this page.
The Configured column is used to view or change the IPv6 configuration.
The Current column is used to show the active IPv6 configuration.
Web Interface
To configure Management IPv6 of the switch in the web interface:
1. Click System, IPv6 Configuration.
2. Specify the IPv6 settings, and enable Auto Configuration service
if required.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Auto Configuration
Enable IPv6 auto-configuration by checking this box. If fails, the configured
IPv6 address is zero. The router may delay responding to a router
solicitation for a few seconds, the total time needed to complete autoconfiguration can be significantly longer.
Address
Provide the IPv6 address of this switch. IPv6 address is in 128-bit records
represented as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits with a colon
separating each field (:). For example, 'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The
symbol '::' is a special syntax that can be used as a shorthand way of
representing multiple 16-bit groups of contiguous zeros; but it can only
appear once. It can also represent a legally valid IPv4 address. For
example, '::192.1.2.34'.
Prefix
Provide the IPv6 Prefix of this switch. The allowed range is 1 to 128.
13
Router
Provide the IPv6 gateway address of this switch. IPv6 address is in 128-bit
records represented as eight fields of up to four hexadecimal digits with a
colon separating each field (:). For example, 'fe80::215:c5ff:fe03:4dc7'. The
symbol '::' is a special syntax that can be used as a shorthand way of
representing multiple 16-bit groups of contiguous zeros; but it can only
appear once. It can also represent a legally valid IPv4 address. . For
example, '::192.1.2.34'.
14
1-5 Syslog
The Syslog is a standard for logging program messages . It allows
separation of the software that generates messages from the system that
stores them and the software that reports and analyzes them. It can be
used as well a generalized informational, analysis and debugging messages.
It is supported by a wide variety of devices and receivers across multiple
platforms.
1-5.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure the system log and provide a wide
variety of devices and receivers across multiple platforms.
Web Interface
To configure Syslog configuration in the web interface:
1. Click SYSTEM, Syslog.
2. Specify the syslog parameters includes IP Address of Syslog server
and Port number.
3. Evoke the Sylog to enable it.
4. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Server Mode
Indicates the server mode operation. When the mode operation is enabled,
the syslog message will send out to syslog server. The syslog protocol is
based on UDP communication and received on UDP port 514 and the
syslog server will not send acknowledgments back sender since UDP is a
connectionless protocol and it does not provide acknowledgments. The
syslog packet will always send out even if the syslog server does not exist.
Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable server mode operation.
Disabled: Disable server mode operation.
15
Server Address
Indicates the IPv4 host address of syslog server. If the switch provide DNS
feature, it also can be a host name.
Syslog Level
Indicates what kind of message will send to syslog server. Possible modes
are:
Emerg: send Emerg
Alert: send Emerg, Alert
Crit: send Emerg, Alert, Crit
Error: send Emerg, Alert, Crit, Error
Warning: Send warnings
Notice: send Emerg, Alert, Crit, Error, Warning, Notice
Info: send Emerg, Alert, Crit, Error, Warning, Notice, Info
Debug : send everything, i.e. all
16
1-5.2 Log
This section describes that display the system log information of the switch
Web Interface
To display the log configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Syslog, Log.
2. Display the log information.
Parameter description:
ID
ID (&gt;= 1) of the system log entry.
Level
level of the system log entry. The following level types are supported:
Information level of the system log.Warning: Warning level of the system log.
Error: Error level of the system log.All: All levels.
Time
The time of the system log entry.
Message
The message of the system log entry.
17
1-5.3 Detailed Log
This section describes that display the detailed log information of the
switch
Web Interface
To display the detailed log configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Syslog, Detailed Log.
2. Display the log information.
Parameter description:
ID
The ID (&gt;= 1) of the system log entry.
Message
The detailed message of the system log entry.
18
1-6 SNMP
Any Network Management System (NMS) running the Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) can manage the Managed devices
equipped with SNMP agent, provided that the Management Information
Base (MIB) is installed correctly on the managed devices. The SNMP is a
protocol that is used to govern the transfer of information between SNMP
manager and agent and traverses the Object Identity (OID) of the
management Information Base (MIB), described in the form of SMI syntax.
SNMP agent is running on the switch to response the request issued by
SNMP manager.
Basically, it is passive except issuing the trap information. The switch
supports a switch to turn on or off the SNMP agent. If you set the field
SNMP “Enable”, SNMP agent will be started up. All supported MIB OIDs,
including RMON MIB, can be accessed via SNMP manager. If the field
SNMP is set “Disable”, SNMP agent will be de-activated, the related
Community Name, Trap Host IP Address, Trap and all MIB counters will be
ignored.
1-6.1 System
This section describes how to configure SNMP System on the switch. This
function is used to configure SNMP settings, community name, trap host
and public traps as well as the throttle of SNMP. A SNMP manager must
pass the authentication by identifying both community names, then it can
access the MIB information of the target device. So, both parties must
have the same community name. Once completing the setting, click
&lt;Apply&gt; button, the setting takes effect.
Web Interface
To display the configure SNMP System in the web interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click SNMP, System.
Evoke SNMP State to enable or disable the SNMP function .
Specify the Engine ID
Click Apply.
19
Parameter description:
These parameters are displayed on the SNMP System Configuration page:]
SNMP State -The term SNMP here The term SNMP here is used for the
activation or de-activation of SNMP.
Enable: Enable SNMP state operation.
Disable: Disable SNMP state operation.
Default: Enable.
Engine ID - SNMPv3 engine ID. syntax: 0-9,a-f,A-F, min 5 octet,
max 32 octet, fifth octet can't input 00. IF change the Engine ID
that will clear all original user.
20
1-6.2 Communities
The function is used to configure SNMPv3 communities. The Community
and UserName is unique. To create a new community account, please
check &lt;Add new community&gt; button, and enter the account information
then check &lt;Save&gt;. Max Group Number : 4.
Web Interface
To display the configure SNMP Communities in the web interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click SNMP, Communities.
Click Add new community.
Specify the SNMP communities parameters.
Click Save.
If you want to modify or clear the setting then click Reset.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Community
Indicates the community access string to permit access to SNMPv3 agent.
The allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII
characters from 33 to 126. The community string will be treated as security
name and map a SNMPv1 or SNMPv2c community string.
Source IP
Indicates the SNMP access source address. A particular range of source
addresses can be used to restrict source subnet when combined with
source mask.
Source Mask
Indicates the SNMP access source address mask
21
1-6.3 Users
The function is used to configure SNMPv3 user. The Entry index key is
UserName. To create a new UserName account, please check &lt;Add new
user&gt; button, and enter the user information then check &lt;Save&gt;. Max
Group Number : 10.
Web Interface
To display the configure SNMP Users in the web interface:
1. Click SNMP, Users.
2. Specify the Privilege parameter.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Engine ID
An octet string identifying the engine ID that this entry should belong to. The
string must contain an even number(in hexadecimal format) with number of
digits between 10 and 64, but all-zeros and all-'F's are not allowed. The
SNMPv3 architecture uses the User-based Security Model (USM) for
message security and the View-based Access Control Model (VACM) for
access control. For the USM entry, the usmUserEngineID and Usm User
Name are the entry's keys. In a simple agent, usmUserEngineID is always
that agent's own snmpEngineID value. The value can also take the value of
the snmpEngineID of a remote SNMP engine with which this user can
communicate. In other words, if user engine ID equal system engine ID
then it is local user; otherwise it's remote user.
User Name
A string identifying the user name that this entry should belong to. The
allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII characters
from 33 to 126.
22
Security Level
Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible
security models are:
NoAuth, NoPriv: No authentication and no privacy.
Auth, NoPriv: Authentication and no privacy.
Auth, Priv: Authentication and privacy.
The value of security level cannot be modified if entry already exists. That
means it must first be ensured that the value is set correctly.
Authentication Protocol
Indicates the authentication protocol that this entry should belong to.
Possible authentication protocols are:
None: No authentication protocol.
MD5: An optional flag to indicate that this user uses MD5 authentication
protocol.
SHA: An optional flag to indicate that this user uses SHA authentication
protocol.
The value of security level cannot be modified if entry already exists. That
means must first ensure that the value is set correctly.
Authentication Password
A string identifying the authentication password phrase. For MD5
authentication protocol, the allowed string length is 8 to 32. For SHA
authentication protocol, the allowed string length is 8 to 40. The allowed
content is ASCII characters from 33 to 126.
Privacy Protocol
Indicates the privacy protocol that this entry should belong to. Possible
privacy protocols are:
None: No privacy protocol.
DES: An optional flag to indicate that this user uses DES authentication
protocol.
Privacy Password
A string identifying the privacy password phrase. The allowed string length
is 8 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII characters from 33 to 126.
23
1-6.4 Groups
The function is used to configure SNMPv3 group. The Entry index key are
Security Model and Security Name. To create a new group account, please
check &lt;Add new group&gt; button, and enter the group information then check
&lt;Save&gt;. Max Group Number : v1: 2, v2: 2, v3:10.
Web Interface
To display the configure SNMP Groups in the web interface:
1. Click SNMP, Groups.
2. Specify the Privilege parameter.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Security Model
Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible
security models are:
v1: Reserved for SNMPv1.
v2c: Reserved for SNMPv2c.
usm: User-based Security Model (USM).
Security Name
A string identifying the security name that this entry should belong to. The
allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII characters
from 33 to 126.
Group Name
A string identifying the group name that this entry should belong to. The
allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII characters
from 33 to 126.
24
1-6.5 Views
The function is used to configure SNMPv3 view. The Entry index key are
OID Subtree and View Name. To create a new view account, please check
&lt;Add new view&gt; button, and enter the view information then check &lt;Save&gt;.
Max Group Number : 28.
Configure SNMPv3 view table on this page. The entry index keys are View
Name and OID Subtree.
Web Interface
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click SNMP, Views.
Click Add new View.
Specify the SNMP View parameters.
Click Save.
If you want to modify or clear the setting then click Reset.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
View Name
A string identifying the view name that this entry should belong to. The
allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII characters
from 33 to 126.
View Type
Indicates the view type that this entry should belong to. Possible view types
are:
included: An optional flag to indicate that this view subtree should be
included.
excluded: An optional flag to indicate that this view subtree should be
excluded.
In general, if a view entry's view type is 'excluded', there should be another
view entry existing with view type as 'included' and it's OID subtree should
overstep the 'excluded' view entry.
25
OID Subtree
The OID defining the root of the subtree to add to the named view. The
allowed OID length is 1 to 128. The allowed string content is digital number
or asterisk(*).
26
1-6.6 Access
The function is used to configure SNMPv3 accesses. The Entry index key
are Group Name, Security Model and Security level. To create a new
access account, please check &lt;Add new access&gt; button, and enter the
access information then check &lt;Save&gt;. Max Group Number : 14
Web Interface
To display the configure SNMP Access in the web interface:
1. Click SNMP, Accesses.
2. Click Add new Access.
3. Specify the SNMP Access parameters.
4. Click Save.
5. If you want to modify or clear the setting then click Reset.
.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Group Name
A string identifying the group name that this entry should belong to. The
allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the allowed content is ASCII characters
from 33 to 126.
Security Model
Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible
security models are:
any: Any security model accepted(v1|v2c|usm).
v1: Reserved for SNMPv1.
v2c: Reserved for SNMPv2c.
usm: User-based Security Model (USM).
Security Level
Indicates the security model that this entry should belong to. Possible
security models are:
NoAuth, NoPriv: No authentication and no privacy.
Auth, NoPriv: Authentication and no privacy.
Auth, Priv: Authentication and privacy.
27
Read View Name
The name of the MIB view defining the MIB objects for which this request
may request the current values. The allowed string length is 1 to 32, and
the allowed content is ASCII characters from 33 to 126. Write View Name
The name of the MIB view defining the MIB objects for which this request
may potentially set new values. The allowed string length is 1 to 32, and the
allowed content is ASCII characters from 33 to 126.
28
1-6.7 Tarp
The function is used to configure SNMP trap. To create a new trap account,
please check &lt;No number&gt; button, and enter the trap information then check
&lt;Apply&gt;. Max Group Number : 6.
Web Interface
To configure SNMP Trap setting:
1. Click SNMP, Trap .
2. Display the SNMP Trap Hosts information table.
3. Choice a entry to display and modify the detail parameters or click
delete button to delete the trap hosts entry.
29
Parameters description:
Delete:
Check &lt;Delete&gt; entry then check &lt;Save&gt; button, the entry will be delete.
Trap Version:
You may choose v1, v2c or v3 trap.
Server IP:
SNMP Host IP address.
UDP Port:
Port number. Default: 162
Community / Security Name:
The length of “Community / Security Name” string is restricted to 1-32.
Security Level:
Indicates what kind of message will send to Security Level.
Possible modes are:
Info: Send informations, warnings and errors.
Warning: Send warnings and errors.
Error: Send errors.
Security Level:
There are three kinds of choices.
NoAuth, NoPriv: No authentication and no privacy.
Auth, NoPriv: Authentication and no privacy.
Auth, Priv: Authentication and privacy.
Authentication Protocol:
You can choose MD5 or SHA for authentication.
Authentication Password:
The length of 'MD5 Authentication Password' is restricted to 8 – 32.
The length of 'SHA Authentication Password' is restricted to 8 – 40.
Privacy Protocol:
You can set DES encryption for UserName.
Privacy Password:
The length of ' Privacy Password ' is restricted to 8 – 32.
30
2. Configuration
This chapter describes all of the basic network configuration tasks
which includes the Ports, Layer 2 network protocol (e.g. VLANs, QoS,
IGMP, ACLs etc.) and any setting of the Switch.
2-1 Port
The section describes to configure the Port detail parameters of the switch.
Others you could using the Port configure to enable or disable the Port of
the switch. Monitor the ports content or status in the function.
2-1.1 Configuration
This chapter describes how to view the current port configuration and how to
configure ports to non-default settings, including
Linkup/Linkdown
Speed (Current and configured)
Flow Control (Current Rx, Current Tx and Configured)
Maximum Frame Size
Excessive Collision Mode
Power Control.
Web Interface
To configure an Current Port Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then Configuration
2. Specify the Speed Configured, Flow Control , Maximum Frame sze ,
Excessive Collision mode and Power Control.
3. Click Save.
31
Parameter description:
Port
This is the logical port number for this row.
Link
The current link state is displayed graphically. Green indicates the link is up
and red that it is down.
Current Link Speed
Provides the current link speed of the port.
Configured Link Speed
Select any available link speed for the given switch port.
Auto Speed selects the highest speed that is compatible with a link partner.
Disabled disables the switch port operation.
Flow Control
When Auto Speed is selected on a port, this section indicates the flow
control capability that is advertised to the link partner. When a fixed-speed
setting is selected, that is what is used. The Current Rx column indicates
whether pause frames on the port are obeyed, and the Current Tx column
indicates whether pause frames on the port are transmitted. The Rx and Tx
settings are determined by the result of the last Auto-Negotiation.
Check the configured column to use flow control. This setting is related to
the setting for Configured Link Speed.
Maximum Frame Size
Enter the maximum frame size allowed for the switch port, including FCS.
Excessive Collision Mode
Configure port transmit collision behavior.
Discard: Discard frame after 16 collisions (default).
Restart: Restart backoff algorithm after 16 collisions.
Power Control
The Usage column shows the current percentage of the power consumption
per port. The Configured column allows for changing the power savings
mode parameters per port.
Disabled: All power savings mechanisms disabled.
ActiPHY: Link down power savings enabled.
PerfectReach: Link up power savings enabled.
Enabled: Both link up and link down power savings enabled.
32
2-1.2 Port Description
The section describes to configure the Port’s alias or any descriptions for
the Port Identity. It provides user to write down an alphanumeric string
describing the full name and version identification for the system’s hardware
type, software version, and networking application
Web Interface
To configure an Port Description in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then Port Description
2. Specify the detail Port alias or description an alphanumeric string
describing the full name and version identification for the system’s
hardware type, software version, and networking application.
3. Click Save.
33
2-1.3 Traffic Overview
The section describes to the Port statistics information and provides
overview of general traffic statistics for all switch ports. The ports belong to
the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by the page header
Web Interface
To Display the Port Statistics Overview in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then Traffic Overview
2. If you want to auto-refresh then you need to evoke the “Auto-refresh” .
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the port statistics or clear all information
when you click “ Clear”.
Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Packets
The number of received and transmitted packets per port.
Bytes
The number of received and transmitted bytes per port.
Errors
The number of frames received in error and the number of incomplete
transmissions per port.
Drops
The number of frames discarded due to ingress or egress congestion.
Filtered
The number of received frames filtered by the forwarding
34
2-1.4 Detailed Statistics
The section describes how to provide detailed traffic statistics for a specific
switch port. Use the port select box to select which switch port details to
display. The selected port belongs to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
The displayed counters are the totals for receive and transmit, the size
counters for receive and transmit, and the error counters for receive and
transmit.
Web Interface
To Display the per Port detailed Statistics Overview in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then Detailed Port Statistics
2. Scroll the Port Index to select which port you want to show the detailed
Port statistics overview” .
3. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
4. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the port detailed statistics or clear all
information when you click “ Clear”.
Parameter description:
Receive Total and Transmit Total
Rx and Tx Packets
The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) packets.
Rx and Tx Octets
The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) bytes. Includes
FCS, but excludes framing bits.
35
Rx and Tx Unicast
The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) unicast packets.
Rx and Tx Multicast
The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) multicast packets.
Rx and Tx Broadcast
The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) broadcast packets.
Rx and Tx Pause
A count of the MAC Control frames received or transmitted on this port that
have an opcode indicating a PAUSE operation.
Receive and Transmit Size Counters
The number of received and transmitted (good and bad) packets split into
categories based on their respective frame sizes.
Receive and Transmit Queue Counters
The number of received and transmitted packets per input and output queue.
Receive Error Counters
Rx Drops
The number of frames dropped due to lack of receive buffers or egress
congestion.
Rx CRC/Alignment
The number of frames received with CRC or alignment errors.
Rx Undersize
The number of short 1 frames received with valid CRC.
Rx Oversize
The number of long 2 frames received with valid CRC.
Rx Fragments
The number of short 1 frames received with invalid CRC.
Rx Jabber
The number of long 2 frames received with invalid CRC.
Rx Filtered
The number of received frames filtered by the forwarding process.
Short frames are frames that are smaller than 64 bytes.
Long frames are frames that are longer than the configured maximum frame
length for this port.
36
Transmit Error Counters
Tx Drops
The number of frames dropped due to output buffer congestion.
Tx Late/Exc. Coll.
The number of frames dropped due to excessive or late collisions.
37
2-1.5 Qos Statistics
The section describes that switch could display the QoS detailed Queuing
counters for a specific switch port. for the different queues for all switch
ports. The ports belong to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by
the page header.
Web Interface
To Display the Queueing Counters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then QoS Statistics
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the Queueing Counters or clear all information
when you click “ Clear”.
Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Low Queue
There are 4 QoS queues per port with strict or weighted queue scheduling.
This is the lowest priority queue.
Normal Queue
This is the normal priority queue of the 4 QoS queues. It has higher priority
than the &quot;Low Queue&quot;.
Medium Queue
This is the medium priority queue of the 4 QoS queues. It has higher priority
than the &quot;Normal Queue&quot;.
High Queue
This is the highest priority queue of the 4 QoS queues.
Received/Transmitted
The number of received and transmitted packets per queue.
38
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Qn
There are ? QoS queues per port. Q0 is the lowest priority queue.
Rx/Tx
The number of received and transmitted packets per queue.
39
2-1.6 SFP Information
The section describes that switch could display the SFP module detail
information which you connect it to the switch. The information includes:
Connector type, Fiber type, wavelength, banud rate and Vendor OUI etc.
Web Interface
To Display the SFP information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then SFP Information
2. To display the SFP Information.
26
Parameter description:
Connector Type:
Display the connector type, for instance, UTP, SC, ST, LC and so on.
Fiber Type:
Display the fiber mode, for instance, Multi-Mode, Single-Mode.
Tx Central Wavelength:
Display the fiber optical transmitting central wavelength, for instance,
850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm and so on.
Baud Rate:
40
Display the maximum baud rate of the fiber module supported, for instance,
10M, 100M, 1G and so on.
Vendor OUI:
Display the Manufacturer's OUI code which is assigned by IEEE.
Vendor Name:
Display the company name of the module manufacturer.
Vendor P/N:
Display the product name of the naming by module manufacturer.
Vendor Rev (Revision):
Display the module revision.
Vendor SN (Serial Number):
Show the serial number assigned by the manufacturer.
Date Code:
Show the date this SFP module was made.
Temperature:
Show the current temperature of SFP module.
Vcc:
Show the working DC voltage of SFP module.
Mon1(Bias) mA:
Show the Bias current of SFP module.
Mon2(TX PWR):
Show the transmit power of SFP module.
Mon3(RX PWR):
Show the receiver power of SFP module.
41
2-1.7 EEE
The section which allows the user to inspect and configure the current EEE
port settings.
EEE is a power saving option that reduces the power usage when there is
very low traffic utilization (or no traffic).
EEE works by powering down circuits when there is no traffic. When a port
gets data to be transmitted all circuits are powered up. The time it takes to
power up the circuits is named wakeup time. The default wakeup time is 17
us for 1Gbit links and 30 us for other link speeds. EEE devices must agree
upon the value of the wakeup time in order to make sure that both the
receiving and transmitting device has all circuits powered up when traffic is
transmitted. The devices can exchange information about the devices
wakeup time using the LLDP protocol.
For maximizing the power saving, the circuit isn't started at once transmit
data are ready for a port, but is instead queued until 3000 bytes of data are
ready to be transmitted. For not introducing a large delay in case that data
less then 3000 bytes shall be transmitted, data are always transmitted after
48 us, giving a maximum latency of 48 us + the wakeup time.
If desired it is possible to minimize the latency for specific frames, by
mapping the frames to a specific queue (done with QOS), and then mark
the queue as an urgent queue. When an urgent queue gets data to be
transmitted, the circuits will be powered up at once and the latency will be
reduced to the wakeup time.
Web Interface
To configure the EEE Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Port, then EEE
2. To evoke which port wants to enable the EEE function. To evolke which
3. EEE Urgent Queues level and the range from 1 to 8. the queue will
postponethe transmsion until 3000 bytes are ready to be transmitted.
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values.
.
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Parameter description:
EEE Port Configuration
The EEE port settings relate to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by
the page header.
Port
The switch port number of the logical EEE port.
EEE Enabled
Controls whether EEE is enabled for this switch port.
EEE Urgent Queues
Queues set will activate transmition of frames as soon as any data is
available. Otherwise the queue will postpone the transmsion until 3000
bytes are ready to be transmitted.
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2-2 ACL
The MSM-6226G switch access control list (ACL) is probably the most
commonly used object in the IOS. It is used for packet filtering but also for
selecting types of traffic to be analyzed, forwarded, or influenced in some
way.The ACLs are divided into EtherTypes. IPv4, ARP protocol, MAC and
VLAN parameters etc. Here we will just go over the standard and extended
access lists for TCP/IP. As you create ACEs for ingress classification, you
can assign a policy for each port, the policy number is 1-8, however, each
policy can be applied to any port. This makes it very easy to determine what
type of ACL policy you will be working with.
2-2.1 Ports
The section describes how to configure the ACL parameters (ACE) of the
each switch port. These parameters will affect frames received on a port
unless the frame matches a specific ACE
Web Interface
To configure the ACL Ports Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, ACL, then Ports
2. To scroll the specific parameter value to select the correct value for port
ACL setting.
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the reset button. It
will revert to previously saved values.
5. After you configure complete then you could see the Counter of the port .
then you could click refresh to update the counter or Clear the information.
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Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Policy ID
Select the policy to apply to this port. The allowed values are 1 through 8.
The default value is 1.
Action
Select whether forwarding is permitted (&quot;Permit&quot;) or denied (&quot;Deny&quot;). The
default value is &quot;Permit&quot;.
Rate Limiter ID
Select which rate limiter to apply on this port. The allowed values are
Disabled or the values 1 through 16. The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;.
Port Copy
Select which port frames are copied on. The allowed values are Disabled or
a specific port number. The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;.
Mirror
Specify the mirror operation of this port. The allowed values are:
Enabled: Frames received on the port are mirrored.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not mirrored.
The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;.
Logging
Specify the logging operation of this port. The allowed values are:
Enabled: Frames received on the port are stored in the System Log.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not logged.
The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;. Please note that the System Log memory
size and logging rate is limited.
Shutdown
Specify the port shut down operation of this port. The allowed values are:
Enabled: If a frame is received on the port, the port will be disabled.
Disabled: Port shut down is disabled.
The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;.
Counter
Counts the number of frames that match this ACE.
45
2-2.2 Rate Limiters
The section describes how to configure the switch’s ACL Rate Limiter
parameters. The Rate Limiter Level from 1 to 16 that allow user to set rate
limiter value and units with pps or kbps.
Web Interface
To configure ACL Rate Limiter in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, ACL, then Rate Limiter
2. To specific the Rate field and the range from 0 to 3276700.
3. To scroll the Unit with pps or kbps
4 . Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values.
Parameter description:
Rate Limiter ID
The rate limiter ID for the settings contained in the same row.
Rate
The rate unit is packets per second (pps), configure the rate as 1, 2, 4, ...,
512, 1K, 2K, 4K, ..., 3276700k.
The 1 kpps is actually 1002.1 pps.
Rate
The allowed values are: 0-3276700 in pps
or 0, 100, 200, 300, ..., 1000000 in kbps.
Unit
Specify the rate unit. The allowed values are:
pps: packets per second.
kbps: Kbits per second.
46
2-2.3 Access Control List
The section describes how to configure Access Control List rule. An Access
Control List (ACL) is a sequential list of permit or deny conditions that apply
to IP addresses, MAC addresses, or other more specific criteria. This switch
tests ingress packets against the conditions in an ACL one by one. A
packet will be accepted as soon as it matches a permit rule, or dropped as
soon as it matches a deny rule. If no rules match, the frame is accepted.
Other actions can also be invoked when a matching packet is found,
including rate limiting, copying matching packets to another port or to the
system log, or shutting down a port.
This page shows the Access Control List (ACL), which is made up of the
ACEs defined on this switch. Each row describes the ACE that is defined.
The maximum number of ACEs is 256 on each switch. Click on the lowest
plus sign to add a new ACE to the list. The reserved ACEs used for internal
protocol, cannot be edited or deleted, the order sequence cannot be
changed an the priority is highest
Web Interface
To configure Access Control List in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, ACL, then Configuration
2. Click the
button to add a new ACL, or use the other ACL
modification buttons to specify the editing action (i.e., edit, delete, or
moving the relative position of entry in the list)
3. To specific the parameter of the ACE
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values.
6. When editing an entry on the ACE Configuration page, note that the
Items displayed depend on various selections, such as Frame Type and
IP Protocol Type. Specify the relevant criteria to be matched for this rule,
and set the actions to take when a rule is matched (such as Rate Limiter,
Port Copy, Logging, and Shutdown).
47
Parameter description:
Ingress Port
Indicates the ingress port of the ACE. Possible values are:
Any: The ACE will match any ingress port.
Policy: The ACE will match ingress ports with a specific policy.
Port: The ACE will match a specific ingress port.
Frame Type
Indicates the frame type of the ACE. Possible values are:
Any: The ACE will match any frame type.
EType: The ACE will match Ethernet Type frames. Note that an Ethernet
Type based ACE will not get matched by IP and ARP frames.
ARP: The ACE will match ARP/RARP frames.
IPv4: The ACE will match all IPv4 frames.
IPv4/ICMP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with ICMP protocol.
IPv4/UDP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with UDP protocol.
IPv4/TCP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with TCP protocol.
IPv4/Other: The ACE will match IPv4 frames, which are not
ICMP/UDP/TCP.
IPv6: The ACE will match all IPv6 standard frames.
Action
Indicates the forwarding action of the ACE.
Permit: Frames matching the ACE may be forwarded and learned.
Deny: Frames matching the ACE are dropped.
Rate Limiter
Indicates the rate limiter number of the ACE. The allowed range is 1 to 16.
When Disabled is displayed, the rate limiter operation is disabled.
Port Copy
Indicates the port copy operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE
are copied to the port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a
specific port number. When Disabled is displayed, the port copy operation
is disabled.
Mirror
Specify the mirror operation of this port. The allowed values are:
Enabled: Frames received on the port are mirrored.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not mirrored.
48
The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;.
Logging
Indicates the logging operation of the ACE. Possible values are:
Enabled: Frames matching the ACE are stored in the System Log.
Disabled: Frames matching the ACE are not logged.
Please note that the System Log memory size and logging rate is limited.
Shutdown
Indicates the port shut down operation of the ACE. Possible values are:
Enabled: If a frame matches the ACE, the ingress port will be disabled.
Disabled: Port shut down is disabled for the ACE.
Counter
The counter indicates the number of times the ACE was hit by a frame.
Modification Buttons
You can modify each ACE (Access Control Entry) in the table using the
following buttons:
: Inserts a new ACE before the current row.
: Edits the ACE row.
: Moves the ACE up the list.
: Moves the ACE down the list.
: Deletes the ACE.
: The lowest plus sign adds a new entry at the bottom of the
ACE listings.
49
2-2.4 ACL Ststus
The section describes how to shows the ACL status by different ACL users.
Each row describes the ACE that is defined. It is a conflict if a specific ACE
is not applied to the hardware due to hardware limitations. The maximum
number of ACEs is 256 on each switch.
Web Interface
To display the ACL status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, ACL, then ACL status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the ACL Status
Parameter description:
User
Indicates the ACL user.
Ingress Port
Indicates the ingress port of the ACE. Possible values are:
Any: The ACE will match any ingress port.
Policy: The ACE will match ingress ports with a specific policy.
Port: The ACE will match a specific ingress port.
Frame Type
Indicates the frame type of the ACE. Possible values are:
Any: The ACE will match any frame type.
EType: The ACE will match Ethernet Type frames. Note that an Ethernet
Type based ACE will not get matched by IP and ARP frames.
ARP: The ACE will match ARP/RARP frames.
IPv4: The ACE will match all IPv4 frames.
IPv4/ICMP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with ICMP protocol.
IPv4/UDP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with UDP protocol.
IPv4/TCP: The ACE will match IPv4 frames with TCP protocol.
IPv4/Other: The ACE will match IPv4 frames, which are not
ICMP/UDP/TCP.
IPv6: The ACE will match all IPv6 standard frames.
50
Action
Indicates the forwarding action of the ACE.
Permit: Frames matching the ACE may be forwarded and learned.
Deny: Frames matching the ACE are dropped.
Rate Limiter
Indicates the rate limiter number of the ACE. The allowed range is 1 to 16.
When Disabled is displayed, the rate limiter operation is disabled.
Port Copy
Indicates the port copy operation of the ACE. Frames matching the ACE
are copied to the port number. The allowed values are Disabled or a
specific port number. When Disabled is displayed, the port copy operation
is disabled.
Mirror
Specify the mirror operation of this port. The allowed values are:
Enabled: Frames received on the port are mirrored.
Disabled: Frames received on the port are not mirrored.
The default value is &quot;Disabled&quot;.
CPU
Forward packet that matched the specific ACE to CPU.
CPU Once
Forward first packet that matched the specific ACE to CPU.
Counter
The counter indicates the number of times the ACE was hit by a frame.
Conflict
Indicates the hardware status of the specific ACE. The specific ACE is not
applied to the hardware due to hardware limitations.
51
2-3 Aggregation
2-3.1 Static Trunk
The Aggregation Configuration is used to configure the settings of Link
Aggregation. You can bundle more than one port with the same speed, full
duplex and the same MAC to be a single logical port, thus the logical port
aggregates the bandwidth of these ports. This means you can apply your
current Ethernet equipments to build the bandwidth aggregation.
2-3.1.1 Static Trunk
Ports using Static Trunk as their trunk method can choose their unique
Static GroupID to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using Static
Trunk method is that a port can immediately become a member of a trunk
group without any handshaking with its peer port. This is also a
disadvantage because the peer ports of your static trunk group may not
know that they should be aggregate together to form a “logic trunked port”.
Using Static Trunk on both end of a link is strongly recommended. Please
also note that low speed links will stay in “not ready” state when using static
trunk to aggregate with high speed links.
Web Interface
To configure the Trunk Aggregation Hash mode and Aggregation Group in
the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Aggregation, then Hashmode
2. Evoke to enable or disable the aggregation Hash mode function.
Evoke Aggregation Group ID and Port members
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the reset button. It
will revert to previously saved values.
52
Parameter description:
Hash Code Contributors
Source MAC Address
The Source MAC address can be used to calculate the destination port for
the frame. Check to enable the use of the Source MAC address, or uncheck
to disable. By default, Source MAC Address is enabled.
Destination MAC Address
The Destination MAC Address can be used to calculate the destination port
for the frame. Check to enable the use of the Destination MAC Address, or
uncheck to disable. By default, Destination MAC Address is disabled.
IP Address
The IP address can be used to calculate the destination port for the frame.
Check to enable the use of the IP Address, or uncheck to disable. By
default, IP Address is enabled.
TCP/UDP Port Number
The TCP/UDP port number can be used to calculate the destination port for
the frame. Check to enable the use of the TCP/UDP Port Number, or
uncheck to disable. By default, TCP/UDP Port Number is enabled.
Aggregation Group Configuration
Locality
Indicates the aggregation group type. This field is only valid for stackable
switches.
Global: The group members may reside on different units in the stack. The
device supports two 8-port global aggregations.
Local: The group members reside on the same unit. Each local aggregation
may consist of up to 16 members.
Group ID
Indicates the group ID for the settings contained in the same row. Group ID
&quot;Normal&quot; indicates there is no aggregation. Only one group ID is valid per
port.
Port Members
Each switch port is listed for each group ID. Select a radio button to include
a port in an aggregation, or clear the radio button to remove the port from
the aggregation. By default, no ports belong to any aggregation group. Only
full duplex ports can join an aggregation and ports must be in the same
speed in each group.
53
2-3.2 LACP
Ports using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (according to IEEE 802.3ad
specification) as their trunking method can choose their unique LACP
GroupID to form a logic “trunked port”. The benefit of using LACP is that a
port makes an agreement with its peer port before it becomes a ready
member of a “trunk group” (also called aggregator). LACP is safer than the
other trunking method - static trunk.
2-3.2.1 Configuration
This page allows the user to inspect the current LACP port configurations,
and possibly change them as well An LACP trunk group with more than one
ready member-ports is a “real trunked” group. An LACP trunk group with
only one or less than one ready member-ports is not a “real trunked” group.
Web Interface
To configure the Trunk Aggregation LACP parameters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, LACP, Configuration
2. Evoke to enable or disable the LACP on the port of the switch.
Scroll the Key parameter with Auto or Specific Default is Auto.
3. Scroll the Role with Active or Passive. Default is Active
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
54
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number.
LACP Enabled
Controls whether LACP is enabled on this switch port. LACP will form an
aggregation when 2 or more ports are connected to the same partner.
LACP can form max 12 LLAGs per switch and 2 GLAGs per stack.
Key
The Key value incurred by the port, range 1-65535 . The Auto setting will
set the key as appropriate by the physical link speed, 10Mb = 1, 100Mb = 2,
1Gb = 3. Using the Specific setting, a user-defined value can be entered.
Ports with the same Key value can participate in the same aggregation
group, while ports with different keys cannot.
Role
The Role shows the LACP activity status. The Active will transmit LACP
packets each second, while Passive will wait for a LACP packet from a
partner (speak if spoken to).
55
2-3.2.2 System Status
This section describes that when you complete to set LACP function on the
switch then it provides a status overview for all LACP instances
Web Interface
To display the LACP System status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, LACP, System Status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the LACP System Status.
Parameter description:
Aggr ID
The Aggregation ID associated with this aggregation instance. For LLAG
the id is shown as 'isid:aggr-id' and for GLAGs as 'aggr-id'
Partner System ID
The system ID (MAC address) of the aggregation partner.
Partner Key
The Key that the partner has assigned to this aggregation ID.
Last changed
The time since this aggregation changed.
Local Ports
Shows which ports are a part of this aggregation for this switch/stack. The
format is: &quot;Switch ID:Port&quot;.
56
2-3.2.3 Port Status
This section describes that when you complete to set LACP function on the
switch then it provides a Port Status overview for all LACP instances
Web Interface
To display the LACP Port status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, LACP, Port Status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the LACP Port Status.
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number.
LACP
'Yes' means that LACP is enabled and the port link is up. 'No' means that
LACP is not enabled or that the port link is down. 'Backup' means that the
port could not join the aggregation group but will join if other port leaves.
Meanwhile it's LACP status is disabled.
Key
The key assigned to this port. Only ports with the same key can aggregate
together.
57
Aggr ID
The Aggregation ID assigned to this aggregation group. IDs 1 and 2 are
GLAGs while IDs 3-14 are LLAGs.
Partner System ID
The partner's System ID (MAC address).
Partner Port
The partner's port number connected to this port.
58
2-3.2.4 Port Statistics
This section describes that when you complete to set LACP function on the
switch then it provides a Port Statistics overview for all LACP instances
Web Interface
To display the LACP Port status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, LACP, Port Statistics
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the LACP Statistics.
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number.
LACP Received
Shows how many LACP frames have been received at each port.
LACP Transmitted
Shows how many LACP frames have been sent from each port.
Discarded
Shows how many unknown or illegal LACP frames have been discarded at
each port.
59
2-4 Spanning Tree
The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) can be used to detect and disable
network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or
routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is,
an STP-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure that
only one route exists between any two stations on the network, and provide
backup links which automatically take over when a primary link goes down.
STP - STP uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device (STPcompliant switch, bridge or router) that serves as the root of the spanning
tree network. It selects a root port on each bridging device (except for the
root device) which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet
from that device to the root device. Then it selects a designated bridging
device from each LAN which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a
packet from that LAN to the root device. All ports connected to designated
bridging devices are assigned as designated ports. After determining the
lowest cost spanning tree, it enables all root ports and designated ports,
and disables all other ports. Network packets are therefore only forwarded
between root ports and designated ports, eliminating any possible network
loops.
Once a stable network topology has been established, all bridges listen for
Hello BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units) transmitted from the Root Bridge.
If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval (Maximum
Age), the bridge assumes that the link to the Root Bridge is down. This
bridge will then initiate negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the
network to reestablish a valid network topology.
2-4.1 Bridge Settings
The section describes that how to configure the Spanning Tree Bridge and
STP System settings. It allows you to configure STP System settings are
used by all STP Bridge instance in the Swtich Stack.
60
Web Interface
To configure the Spanning Tree Bridge Settings parameters in the web
interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, Bridge Settings
2. Scoll to select the parameters and write down available value of
parameters in blank field in Basic Settings
3. Evoke to enable or disable the parameters and write down available
value of parameters in blank field in Advanced settings
4. Click the save to save the setting
5 .If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Basic Settings
Protocol Version
The STP protocol version setting. Valid values are STP, RSTP and MSTP.
Bridge Priority
Controls the bridge priority. Lower numeric values have better priority. The
bridge priority plus the MSTI instance number, concatenated with the 6-byte
MAC address of the switch forms a Bridge Identifier. For MSTP operation,
this is the priority of the CIST. Otherwise, this is the priority of the
STP/RSTP bridge.
Forward Delay
The delay used by STP Bridges to transit Root and Designated Ports to
Forwarding (used in STP compatible mode). Valid values are in the range 4
to 30 seconds.
Max Age
The maximum age of the information transmitted by the Bridge when it is
the Root Bridge. Valid values are in the range 6 to 40 seconds, and
MaxAge must be &lt;= (FwdDelay-1)*2.
61
Maximum Hop Count
This defines the initial value of remaining Hops for MSTI information
generated at the boundary of an MSTI region. It defines how many bridges
a root bridge can distribute its BPDU information to. Valid values are in the
range 6 to 40 hops.
Transmit Hold Count
The number of BPDU's a bridge port can send per second. When exceeded,
transmission of the next BPDU will be delayed. Valid values are in the
range 1 to 10 BPDU's per second.
Advanced Settings
Edge Port BPDU Filtering
Control whether a port explicitly configured as Edge will transmit and
receive BPDUs.
Edge Port BPDU Guard
Control whether a port explicitly configured as Edge will disable itself upon
reception of a BPDU. The port will enter the error-disabled state, and will be
removed from the active topology.
Port Error Recovery
Control whether a port in the error-disabled state automatically will be
enabled after a certain time. If recovery is not enabled, ports have to be
disabled and re-enabled for normal STP operation. The condition is also
cleared by a system reboot.
Port Error Recovery Timeout
The time to pass before a port in the error-disabled state can be enabled.
Valid values are between 30 and 86400 seconds (24 hours).
2-4.2 MSTI Mapping
When you implement an Spanning Tree protocol on the switch that the
bridge instance. The CIST is not available for explicit mapping, as it will
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receive the VLANs not explicitly mapped. Due to the reason that you need
to set the list of VLANs mapped to the MSTI. The VLANs must be
separated with comma and/or space. A VLAN can only be mapped to one
MSTI. An unused MSTI should just be left empty. (I.e. not having any
VLANs mapped to it.)
This section describes it allows the user to inspect the current STP MSTI
bridge instance priority configurations, and possibly change them as well.
Web Interface
To configure the Spanning Tree MSTI Mapping parameters in the web
interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, MSTI Mapping
2. Specify the configuration identification parameters in the field
Specify the VLANs Mapped blank field.
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button. It
will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Configuration Identification
Configuration Name
The name identifying the VLAN to MSTI mapping. Bridges must share the
name and revision (see below), as well as the VLAN-to-MSTI mapping
configuration in order to share spanning trees for MSTI's (Intra-region). The
name is at most 32 characters.
Configuration Revision
The revision of the MSTI configuration named above. This must be an
integer between 0 and 65535.
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MSTI Mapping
MSTI
The bridge instance. The CIST is not available for explicit mapping, as it will
receive the VLANs not explicitly mapped.
VLANs Mapped
The list of VLANs mapped to the MSTI. The VLANs must be separated with
comma and/or space. A VLAN can only be mapped to one MSTI. An
unused MSTI should just be left empty. (I.e. not having any VLANs
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2-4.3 MSTI Poriorities
When you implement an Spanning Tree protocol on the switch that the
bridge instance. The CIST is the default instance which is always active.
For controls the bridge priority. Lower numeric values have better priority.
The bridge priority plus the MSTI instance number, concatenated with the 6byte MAC address of the switch forms a Bridege Identifier
The section describes it allows the user to inspect the current STP MSTI
bridge instance priority configurations, and possibly change them as well.
Web Interface
To configure the Spanning Tree MSTI Priorities parameters in the web
interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, MSTI Priorities
2. Scroll the Priority maximum is 240. Default is 128.
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
MSTI
The bridge instance. The CIST is the default instance, which is always
active.
Priority
Controls the bridge priority. Lower numeric values have better priority. The
bridge priority plus the MSTI instance number, concatenated with the 6-byte
MAC address of the switch forms a Bridge Identifier.
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2-4.4 CIST Ports
When you implement an Spanning Tree protocol on the switch that the
bridge instance. You need to configure the CIST Ports. The section
describes it allows the user to inspect the to inspect the current STP CIST
port configurations, and possibly change them as well.
Web Interface
To configure the Spanning Tree CIST Ports parameters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, CIST Ports
2. Scroll and evoke to set all parameters of CIST Aggregated Port
Configuration.
3. Evoke to enable or disable the STP, then scoll and evoke to set all
parameters of the CIST normal Port configuration.
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number of the logical STP port.
STP Enabled
Controls whether STP is enabled on this switch port.
Path Cost
Controls the path cost incurred by the port. The Auto setting will set the path
cost as appropriate by the physical link speed, using the 802.1D
recommended values. Using the Specific setting, a user-defined value can
be entered. The path cost is used when establishing the active topology of
the network. Lower path cost ports are chosen as forwarding ports in favour
of higher path cost ports. Valid values are in the range 1 to 200000000.
Priority
Controls the port priority. This can be used to control priority of ports having
identical port cost. (See above).
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operEdge (state flag)
Operational flag describing whether the port is connecting directly to edge
devices. (No Bridges attached). Transition to the forwarding state is faster
for edge ports (having operEdge true) than for other ports.The value of this
flag is based on AdminEdge and AutoEdge fields. This flag is displayed as
Edge in Monitor-&gt;Spanning Tree -&gt; STP Detailed Bridge Status.
AdminEdge
Controls whether the operEdge flag should start as set or cleared. (The
initial operEdge state when a port is initialized).
AutoEdge
Controls whether the bridge should enable automatic edge detection on the
bridge port. This allows operEdge to be derived from whether BPDU's are
received on the port or not.
Restricted Role
If enabled, causes the port not to be selected as Root Port for the CIST or
any MSTI, even if it has the best spanning tree priority vector. Such a port
will be selected as an Alternate Port after the Root Port has been selected.
If set, it can cause lack of spanning tree connectivity. It can be set by a
network administrator to prevent bridges external to a core region of the
network influence the spanning tree active topology, possibly because
those bridges are not under the full control of the administrator. This feature
is also known as Root Guard.
Restricted TCN
If enabled, causes the port not to propagate received topology change
notifications and topology changes to other ports. If set it can cause
temporary loss of connectivity after changes in a spanning tree's active
topology as a result of persistently incorrect learned station location
information. It is set by a network administrator to prevent bridges external
to a core region of the network, causing address flushing in that region,
possibly because those bridges are not under the full control of the
administrator or the physical link state of the attached LANs transits
frequently.
BPDU Guard
If enabled, causes the port to disable itself upon receiving valid BPDU's.
Contrary to the similar bridge setting, the port Edge status does not effect
this setting.
A port entering error-disabled state due to this setting is subject to the
bridge Port Error Recovery setting as well.
Point2Point
Controls whether the port connects to a point-to-point LAN rather than to a
shared medium. This can be automatically determined, or forced either true
or false. Transition to the forwarding state is faster for point-to-point LANs
than for shared media.
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2-4.5 MSTI Ports
The section describes it allows the user to inspect the current STP MSTI
port configurations, and possibly change them as well.
An MSTI port is a virtual port, which is instantiated separately for each
active CIST (physical) port for each MSTI instance configured on and
applicable to the port. The MSTI instance must be selected before
displaying actual MSTI port configuration options. It contains MSTI port
settings for physical and aggregated ports. The aggregation settings are
stack global.
Web Interface
To configure the Spanning Tree MSTI Port Configuration parameters in the
web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, MSTI Ports
2. Scroll to select the MST1 or other MSTI Port
3. Click Get to set the detail parameters of the MSTI Ports.
4. Scroll to set all parameters of the MSTI Port configuration.
5. Click the save to save the setting
6. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
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Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number of the corresponding STP CIST (and MSTI) port.
Path Cost
Controls the path cost incurred by the port. The Auto setting will set the path
cost as appropriate by the physical link speed, using the 802.1D
recommended values. Using the Specific setting, a user-defined value can
be entered. The path cost is used when establishing the active topology of
the network. Lower path cost ports are chosen as forwarding ports in favour
of higher path cost ports. Valid values are in the range 1 to 200000000.
Priority
Controls the port priority. This can be used to control priority of ports having
identical port cost. (See above).
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2-4.6 Bridge Status
After you complete the MSTI Port configuration the you could to ask the
switch display the Bridge Status. The Section provides a status overview of
all STP bridge instances. The displayed table contains a row for each STP
bridge instance, where the column displays the following information:
Web Interface
To display the STP Bridges status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, STP Bridges
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the STP Bridges.
Parameter description:
MSTI
The Bridge Instance. This is also a link to the STP Detailed Bridge Status.
Bridge ID
The Bridge ID of this Bridge instance.
Root ID
The Bridge ID of the currently elected root bridge.
Root Port
The switch port currently assigned the root port role.
Root Cost
Root Path Cost. For the Root Bridge it is zero. For all other Bridges, it is the
sum of the Port Path Costs on the least cost path to the Root Bridge.
Topology Flag
The current state of the Topology Change Flag of this Bridge instance.
Topology Change Last
The time since last Topology Change occurred.
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2-4.7 Port Status
After you complete the STP configuration the you could to ask the switch
display the STP Port Status. The Section provides you to ask switch to
display the STP CIST port status for physical ports of the currently selected
switch.:
Web Interface
To display the STP Port status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, STP Port Status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the STP Bridges.
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number of the logical STP port.
CIST Role
The current STP port role of the CIST port. The port role can be one of the
following values: AlternatePort BackupPort RootPort DesignatedPort
Disabled.
CIST State
The current STP port state of the CIST port. The port state can be one of
the following values: Blocking Learning Forwarding.
Uptime
The time since the bridge port was last initialized.
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2-4.8 Port Statistics
After you complete the STP configuration then you could to let the switch
display the STP Statistics. The Section provides you to ask switch to display
the STP Statistics detail counters of bridge ports in the currently selected
switch.
Web Interface
To display the STP Port status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Spanning Tree, Port Statistics
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the STP Bridges.
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number of the logical STP port.
MSTP
The number of MSTP Configuration BPDU's received/transmitted on
the port.
RSTP
The number of RSTP Configuration BPDU's received/transmitted on the
port.
STP
The number of legacy STP Configuration BPDU's received/transmitted on
the port.
TCN
The number of (legacy) Topology Change Notification BPDU's
received/transmitted on the port.
Discarded Unknown
The number of unknown Spanning Tree BPDU's received (and discarded)
on the port.
Discarded Illegal
The number of illegal Spanning Tree BPDU's received (and discarded) on
the port.
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2-5 IGMP Snooping
The function, is used to establish the multicast groups to forward the
multicast packet to the member ports, and, in nature, avoids wasting the
bandwidth while IP multicast packets are running over the network. This is
because a switch that does not support IGMP or IGMP Snooping can not
tell the multicast packet from the broadcast packet, so it can only treat them
all as the broadcast packet. Without IGMP Snooping, the multicast packet
forwarding function is plain and nothing is different from broadcast packet.
A switch supported IGMP Snooping with the functions of query, report and
leave, a type of packet exchanged between IP Multicast Router/Switch and
IP Multicast Host, can update the information of the Multicast table when a
member (port) joins or leaves an IP Multicast Destination Address. With this
function, once a switch receives an IP multicast packet, it will forward the
packet to the members who joined in a specified IP multicast group before.
The packets will be discarded by the IGMP Snooping if the user transmits
multicast packets to the multicast group that had not been built up in
advance. IGMP mode enables the switch to issue IGMP function that you
enable IGMP proxy or snooping on the switch, which connects to a router
closer to the root of the tree. This interface is the upstream interface. The
router on the upstream interface should be running IGMP.
2-5.1 Basic Configuration
The section describes how to set the basic IGMP snooping on the switch,
which connects to a router closer to the root of the tree. This interface is the
upstream interface. The router on the upstream interface should be running
IGMP.
Web Interface
To configure the IGMP Snooping parameters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, IGMP Snooping, Basic Configuration
2. Evoke to select enable or disable which Global configuration
3. Evoke which port wants to become a Router Port or enable/ disable the
Fast Leave function..
4. Scroll to set the Throtting parameter.
5. Click the save to save the setting
6. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
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Parameter description:
Snooping Enabled
Enable the Global IGMP Snooping.
Unregistered IPMC Flooding enabled
Enable unregistered IPMC traffic flooding.
Leave Proxy Enabled
Enable IGMP Leave Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding
unnecessary leave messages to the router side.
Proxy Enabled
Enable IGMP Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding
unnecessary join and leave messages to the router side.
Router Port
Specify which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the
Ethernet switch that leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or IGMP
querier.
If an aggregation member port is selected as a router port, the whole
aggregation will act as a router port.
Fast Leave
Enable the fast leave on the port.
Throttling
Enable to limit the number of multicast groups to which a switch port can
belong.
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2-5.2 VLAN Configuration
The section describes the VLAN configuration setting process integrated
with IGMP Snooping function. For Each setting page shows up to 99 entries
from the VLAN table, default being 20, selected through the &quot;entries per
page&quot; input field. When first visited, the web page will show the first 20
entries from the beginning of the VLAN Table. The first displayed will be the
one with the lowest VLAN ID found in the VLAN Table. The &quot;VLAN&quot; input
fields allow the user to select the starting point in the VLAN Table. Clicking
the button will update the displayed table starting from that or the next
closest VLAN Table match.
Web Interface
To configure the IGMP Snooping VLAN Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, IGMP Snooping, VLAN Configuration
2. Evoke to select enable or disable Snooping , IGMP Querier
Specify the parameters in the blank field.
3. Click the refresh to update the data or click &lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; to display previous
entry or next entry.
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Snooping Enabled
Enable the Global IGMP Snooping.
Unregistered IPMC Flooding enabled
Enable unregistered IPMC traffic flooding.
Leave Proxy Enabled
Enable IGMP Leave Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding
unnecessary leave messages to the router side.
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Proxy Enabled
Enable IGMP Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding
unnecessary join and leave messages to the router side.
Router Port
Specify which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the
Ethernet switch that leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or IGMP
querier.
If an aggregation member port is selected as a router port, the whole
aggregation will act as a router port.
Fast Leave
Enable the fast leave on the port.
Throttling
Enable to limit the number of multicast groups to which a switch port can
belong.
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2-5.3 Port Group Fitering
The section describes how to set the IGMP Port Group Filtering? With the
IGMP filtering feature, an user can exert this type of control. In some
network Application environments, as like the metropolitan or multipledwelling unit (MDU) installations, an user might want to control the multicast
groups to which a user on a switch port can belong. It allows the user to
control the distribution of multicast services, such as IP/TV, based on some
type of subscription or service plan.
With this feature, you can filter multicast joins on a per-port basis by
configuring IP multicast profiles and associating them with individual switch
ports. An IGMP profile can contain one or more multicast groups and
specifies whether access to the group is permitted or denied. If an IGMP
profile denying access to a multicast group is applied to a switch port, the
IGMP join report requesting the stream of IP multicast traffic is dropped,
and the port is not allowed to receive IP multicast traffic from that group. If
the filtering action permits access to the multicast group, the IGMP report
from the port is forwarded for normal processing.
IGMP filtering controls only IGMP membership join reports and has no
relationship to the function that directs the forwarding of IP multicast traffic.
Web Interface
To configure the IGMP Snooping Port Group Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Click Configuration, IGMP Snooping, Port Group Filtering
2. Click Add new Filtering Group
3. Scroll the Port to enable the Port Group Filtering.
Specify the Filtering Groups in the blank field.
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
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Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Port
The logical port for the settings.
Filtering Groups
The IP Multicast Group that will be filtered.
Adding New Filtering Group
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2-5.4 Status
After you complete the IGMP Snooping configuration, then you could to let
the switch display the IGMP Snooping Status. The Section provides you to
let switch to display the IGMP Snooping detail status.
Web Interface
To display the IGMP Snooping status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, IGMP Snooping, Status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh the IGMP Snooping Status.
4. Click “ Clear“ to clear the IGMP Snooping Status.
Parameter description:
VLAN ID
The VLAN ID of the entry.
Querier Version
Working Querier Version currently.
Host Version
Working Host Version currently.
Querier Status
Shows the Querier status is &quot;ACTIVE&quot; or &quot;IDLE&quot;.
Queries Transmitted
The number of Transmitted Queries.
Queries Received
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The number of Received Queries.
V1 Reports Received
The number of Received V1 Reports.
V2 Reports Received
The number of Received V2 Reports.
V3 Reports Received
The number of Received V3 Reports.
V2 Leaves Received
The number of Received V2 Leaves.
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2-5.5 Group Infermation
After you complete to set the IGMP Snooping function then you could let
the switch to display the IGMP Snooping Group Information. Entries in the
IGMP Group Table are shown on this page. The IGMP Group Table is
sorted first by VLAN ID, and then by group. The will use the last entry of the
currently displayed table as a basis for the next lookup. When the end is
reached the text &quot;No more entries&quot; is shown in the displayed table. Use the
button to start over.
Web Interface
To display the IGMP Snooping Group Information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, IGMP Snooping, Group Information
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the IGMP Snooping Groups
Information.
4. Click “&lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; “ to move to previous or next entry.
Parameter description:
Navigating the IGMP Group Table
The &quot;Start from VLAN&quot;, and &quot;group&quot; input fields allow the user to select the
starting point in the IGMP Group Table. The will use the last entry of the
currently displayed table as a basis for the next lookup. When the end is
reached the text &quot;No more entries&quot; is shown in the displayed table.
IGMP Group Table Columns
VLAN ID
VLAN ID of the group.
Groups
Group address of the group displayed.
Port Members
Ports under this group.
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2-5.6 IPv4 SSM information
Source Specific Multicast (SSM) is a datagram delivery model that best
supports one-to-many applications, also known as broadcast applications.
SSM is a core network technology of IP multicast targeted for audio and
video broadcast application environments.
For the SSM delivery mode, an IP multicast receiver host must use IGMP
Version 3 (IGMPv3) to subscribe to channel (S, G). By subscribing to this
channel, the receiver host is indicating that it wants to receive IP multicast
traffic sent by source host S to group G. The network will deliver IP multicast
packets from source host S to group G to all hosts in the network that have
subscribed to the channel (S, G).
SSM does not require group address allocation within the network, only
within each source host. Different applications running on the same source
host must use different SSM groups. Different applications running on
different source hosts can arbitrarily reuse SSM group addresses without
causing any excess traffic on the network.
Addresses in the range 232.0.0.0/8 (232.0.0.0 to 232.255.255.255) are
reserved for SSM by IANA. In the switch, you can configure SSM for
arbitrary IP multicast addresses also.
Web Interface
To display the IGMPv3 IPv4 SSM Information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, IGMP Snooping, IPv4 SSM Information
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the IGMPv3 IPv4 SSM Information.
4. Click “&lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; “ to move to previous or next entry.
Parameter description:
Navigating the IGMPv3 Information Table
Each page shows up to 99 entries from the IGMPv3 SSM (Source Specific
Multicast) Information table, default being 20, selected through the &quot;entries
per page&quot; input field. When first visited, the web page will show the first 20
entries from the beginning of the IGMPv3 Information Table.
The &quot;Start from VLAN&quot;, and &quot;group&quot; input fields allow the user to select the
starting point in the IGMPv3 Information Table. Clicking the button will
update the displayed table starting from that or the closest next IGMPv3
Information Table match. In addition, the two input fields will - upon a button
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click - assume the value of the first displayed entry, allowing for continuous
refresh with the same start address.
The will use the last entry of the currently displayed table as a basis for the
next lookup. When the end is reached the text &quot;No more entries&quot; is shown
in the displayed table. Use the button to start over.
IGMPv3 Information Table Columns
VLAN ID
VLAN ID of the group.
Group
Group address of the group displayed.
Port
Switch port number.
Mode
Indicates the filtering mode maintained per (VLAN ID, port number, Group
Address) basis. It can be either Include or Exclude.
Source Address
IP Address of the source. Currently, system limits the total number of IP
source addresses for filtering to be 128.
Type
Indicates the Type. It can be either Allow or Deny.
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2-6 MLD Snooping
Curiously enough, a network node that acts as a source of IPv6 multicast
traffic is only an indirect participant in MLD snooping—it just provides
multicast traffic, and MLD doesn’t interact with it. (Note, however, that in an
application like desktop conferencing a network node may act as both a
source and an MLD host; but MLD interacts with that node only in its role as
an MLD host.)
A source node creates multicast traffic by sending packets to a multicast
address. In IPv6, addresses with the first eight bits set (that is, “FF” as the
first two characters of the address) are multicast addresses, and any node
that listens to such an address will receive the traffic sent to that address.
Application software running on the source and destination systems
cooperates to determine what multicast address to use. (Note that this is a
function of the application software, not of MLD.)
When MLD snooping is enabled on a VLAN, the switch acts to minimize
unnecessary multicast traffic. If the switch receives multicast traffic destined
for a given multicast address, it forwards that traffic only to ports on the
VLAN that have MLD hosts for that address. It drops that traffic for ports on
the VLAN that have no MLD hosts
2-6.1 Basic Configuration
The section will let you understand how to configure the MLD Snooping
basic configuration and the parameters .
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Web Interface
To configure the MLD Snooping Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MLD Snooping, Basic Configuration
2. Evoke to enable or disable the Global configuration parameters
Evoke the port to join Router port and Fast Leave.
3. Scroll to select the Throtting mode with unlimited or 1 to 10
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Snooping Enabled
Enable the Global MLD Snooping.
Unregistered IPMC Flooding enabled
Enable unregistered IPMCv6 traffic flooding. Please note that disabling
unregistered IPMCv6 traffic flooding may lead to failure of Neighbor
Discovery.
Leave Proxy Enabled
Enable MLD Leave Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding
unnecessary leave messages to the router side.
Proxy Enabled
Enable MLD Proxy. This feature can be used to avoid forwarding
unnecessary join and leave messages to the router side.
Router Port
Specify which ports act as router ports. A router port is a port on the
Ethernet switch that leads towards the Layer 3 multicast device or MLD
querier. If an aggregation member port is selected as a router port, the
whole aggregation will act as a router port.
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Fast Leave
Enable the fast leave on the port.
Throttling
Enable to limit the number of multicast groups to which a switch port can
belong.
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2-6.2 VLAN Configuration
When MLD snooping is enabled on a VLAN, the switch acts to minimize
unnecessary multicast traffic. If the switch receives multicast traffic destined
for a given multicast address, it forwards that traffic only to ports on the
VLAN that have MLD hosts for that address. It drops that traffic for ports on
the VLAN that have no MLD hosts
The will use the last entry of the currently displayed entry as a basis for the
next lookup. When the end is reached the text &quot;No more entries&quot; is shown
in the displayed table. Use the button to start over.
Web Interface
To configure the MLD Snooping VLAN Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MLD Snooping, VLAN Configuration
2. Specify the VLAN ID with entries per page.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MLD Snooping VLAN
Configuration Information.
4. Click “&lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; “ to move to previous or next entry.
Parameter description:
VLAN ID
The VLAN ID of the entry.
MLD Snooping Enabled
Enable the per-VLAN MLD Snooping. Only up to 64 VLANs can be selected.
MLD Querier
Enable the IGMP Querier in the VLAN.
RV
Robustness Variable. The Robustness Variable allows tuning for the
expected packet loss on a link. The allowed range is 1 to 255, default
robustness variable value is 2.
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QI
Query Interval. The Query Interval variable denotes the interval between
General Queries sent by the Querier. The allowed range is 1 to 255
seconds, default query interval is 125 seconds.
QRI
Query Response Interval. The Maximum Response Delay used to calculate
the Maximum Response Code inserted into the periodic General Queries.
The allowed range is 0 to 31744 in tenths of seconds, default query
response interval is 100 in tenths of seconds (10 seconds).
LLQI
Last Listener Query Interval. The Last Listener Query Interval is the
Maximum Response Delay used to calculate the Maximum Response Code
inserted into Multicast Address Specific Queries sent in response to Version
1 Multicast Listener Done messages. It is also the Maximum Response
Delay used to calculate the Maximum Response Code inserted into
Multicast Address and Source Specific Query messages. The allowed range
is 0 to 31744 in tenths of seconds, default last listener query interval is 10 in
tenths of seconds (1 second).
URI
Unsolicited Report Interval. The Unsolicited Report Interval is the time
between repetitions of a node's initial report of interest in a multicast
address. The allowed range is 0 to 31744 seconds, default unsolicited
report interval is 1 second.
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2-6.3 Port Group Fitering
The section describes that you could to set the Port Group Filtering in the
MLD Snooping function. On the UI that you could add new filtering group
and safty policy.
Web Interface
To configure the MLD Snooping Port Group Configuration in the web
interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Click Configuration, MLD Snooping, Port Group Filtering Configuration
Click the Add new Filtering Group
Specify the Filtering Groups with entries per page.
Click the save to save the setting
If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Port
The logical port for the settings.
Filtering Groups
The IP Multicast Group that will be filtered.
Adding New Filtering Group
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2-6.4 Status
The section describes when you complete the MLD Snooping and how to
display the MLD Snooping Status and detail information. It will help you to
find out the detail information of MLD Snooping status.
Web Interface
To display the MLD Snooping Status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MLD Snooping, Status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MLD Snooping Status
Information.
4. Click “ Clear“ to clear the MLD Snooping Status..
Parameter description:
VLAN ID
The VLAN ID of the entry.
Querier Version
Working Querier Version currently.
Host Version
Working Host Version currently.
Querier Status
Show the Querier status is &quot;ACTIVE&quot; or &quot;IDLE&quot;.
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Queries Transmitted
The number of Transmitted Queries.
Queries Received
The number of Received Queries.
V1 Reports Received
The number of Received V1 Reports.
V2 Reports Received
The number of Received V2 Reports.
V1 Leaves Received
The number of Received V1 Leaves.
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2-6.5 Group Infermation
The section describes user could set the MLD Snooping Groups
Information. The &quot;Start from VLAN&quot;, and &quot;group&quot; input fields allow the user
to select the starting point in the MLD Group Table
Each page shows up to 99 entries from the MLD Group table, default being
20, selected through the &quot;entries per page&quot; input field. When first visited,
the web page will show the first 20 entries from the beginning of the MLD
Group Table.
Web Interface
To display the MLD Snooping Group information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MLD Snooping, Group Information
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MLD Snooping Group
Information.
4. Click “ Clear“ to clear the MLD Snooping Groups information..
Parameter description:
Navigating the MLD Group Table
Each page shows up to 99 entries from the MLD Group table, default being
20, selected through the &quot;entries per page&quot; input field. When first visited,
the web page will show the first 20 entries from the beginning of the MLD
Group Table.The &quot;Start from VLAN&quot;, and &quot;group&quot; input fields allow the user
to select the starting point in the MLD Group Table. Clicking the button will
update the displayed table starting from that or the next closest MLD Group
Table match. In addition, the two input fields will - upon a button click assume the value of the first displayed entry, allowing for continuous refresh
with the same start address.The will use the last entry of the currently
displayed as a basis for the next lookup. When the end is reached the text
&quot;No more entries&quot; is shown in the displayed table. Use the button to start
over.
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2-6.6 IPv6 SSM Information
The section describes the user to configure the Entries in the MLDv2
Information Table are shown on this page. The MLDv2 Information Table is
sorted first by VLAN ID, then by group, and then by Port No. Diffrent source
addresses belong to the same group are treated as single entry.
Each page shows up to 64 entries from the MLDv2 SSM (Source Specific
Multicast) Information table, default being 20, selected through the &quot;entries
per page&quot; input field. When first visited, the web page will show the first 20
entries from the beginning of the MLDv2 Information Table. The &quot;Start from
VLAN&quot;, and &quot;group&quot; input fields allow the user to select the starting point in
the MLDv2 Information Table.
Web Interface
To display the MLDv2 IPv6 SSM Information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MLD Snooping, IPv6 SSM Information
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Click “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MLDv2 IPv6 SSM Information.
4. Click “&lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; “ to move to previous or next entry.
Parameter description:
MLDv2 Information Table Columns
VLAN ID
VLAN ID of the group.
Group
Group address of the group displayed.
Port
Switch port number.
Mode
Indicates the filtering mode maintained per (VLAN ID, port number, Group
Address) basis. It can be either Include or Exclude.
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Source Address
IP Address of the source. Currently, system limits the total number of IP
source addresses for filtering to be 128.
Type
Indicates the Type. It can be either Allow or Deny.
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2-7 MVR
The MVR feature enables multicast traffic forwarding on the Multicast VLAN.
In a multicast television application, a PC or a television with a set-top box
can receive the multicast stream. Multiple set-top boxes or PCs can be
connected to one subscriber port, which is a switch port configured as an
MVR receiver port. When a subscriber selects a channel, the set-top box or
PC sends an IGMP join message to Switch A to join the appropriate
multicast. Uplink ports that send and receive multicast data to and from the
multicast VLAN are called MVR source ports.
2-7.1 Configuration
The section describes user could set the MVR basic Conifguration and
some parameters in the switch
Web Interface
To configure the MLD Snooping Port Group Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Click Configuration, MVR, Configuration
2. Scroll the MVR mode to enable or disable and Scroll to set all
parameters.
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
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Parameter description:
MVR Mode
Enable/Disable the Global MVR.
VLAN ID
Specify the Multicast VLAN ID.
Mode
Enable MVR on the port.
Type
Specify the MVR port type on the port.
Immediate Leave
Enable the fast leave on the port.
2-7.2 Groups Information
The section describes user could display the MVR Groups detail
information on the switch. Entries in the MVR Group Table are shown on
this page. The MVR Group Table is sorted first by VLAN ID, and then by
group
Web Interface
To display the MVR Groups Information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MVR, Groups Information
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. To Click the “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MVR Groups
Information.
4. Click “&lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; “ to move to previous or next entry.
Parameter description:
MVR Group Table Columns
VLAN ID
VLAN ID of the group.
Groups
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Group ID of the group displayed.
Port Members
Ports under this group.
2-7.3 Statistics
The section describes the switch will display the MVR detail Statistics after
you had configured MVR on the switch. It provides the detail MVR
Statisitcs Information
Web Interface
To display the MVR Statistics Information in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, MVR, Statistics
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3 .To Click the “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MVR Statistics
Information.
4. Click “&lt;&lt; or &gt;&gt; “ to move to previous or next entry.
Parameter description:
VLAN ID
The Multicast VLAN ID.
V1 Reports Received
The number of Received V1 Reports.
V2 Reports Received
The number of Received V2 Reports.
V3 Reports Received
The number of Received V3 Reports.
V2 Leaves Received
The number of Received V2 Leaves.
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2-8 LLDP
The switch supports the LLDP. For current information on your
switch model, The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) provides a
standards-based method for enabling switches to advertise
themselves to adjacent devices and to learn about adjacent LLDP
devices. The Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) is a vendor-neutral
Link Layer protocol in the Internet Protocol Suite used by network devices
for advertising their identity, capabilities, and neighbors on a IEEE 802 local
area network, principally wired Ethernet. The protocol is formally referred to
by the IEEE as Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery
specified in standards document IEEE 802.1AB.
2-8.1 LLDP Configuration
You can per port to do the LLDP configuration and the detail parameters,
the settings will take effect immediately. This page allows the user to
inspect and configure the current LLDP port settings.
Web Interface
To configure LLDP:
1.Click LLDP configuration
2.Modify LLDP timing parameters
3.Set the required mode for transmitting or receiving LLDP messages
4.Specify the information to include in the TLV field of advertised messages
5.Click Save
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Parameter description:
LLDP Parameters
Tx Interval
The switch periodically transmits LLDP frames to its neighbours for having
the network discovery information up-to-date. The interval between each
LLDP frame is determined by the Tx Interval value. Valid values are
restricted to 5 - 32768 seconds.
Tx Hold
Each LLDP frame contains information about how long the information in
the LLDP frame shall be considered valid. The LLDP information valid
period is set to Tx Hold multiplied by Tx Interval seconds. Valid values are
restricted to 2 - 10 times.
Tx Delay
If some configuration is changed (e.g. the IP address) a new LLDP frame is
transmitted, but the time between the LLDP frames will always be at least
the value of Tx Delay seconds. Tx Delay cannot be larger than 1/4 of the Tx
Interval value. Valid values are restricted to 1 - 8192 seconds.
Tx Reinit
When a port is disabled, LLDP is disabled or the switch is rebooted, an
LLDP shutdown frame is transmitted to the neighboring units, signalling that
the LLDP information isn't valid anymore. Tx Reinit controls the amount of
seconds between the shutdown frame and a new LLDP initialization. Valid
values are restricted to 1 - 10 seconds.
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LLDP Port Configuration
The LLDP port settings relate to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
Port
The switch port number of the logical LLDP port.
Mode
Select LLDP mode.
Rx only The switch will not send out LLDP information, but LLDP
information from neighbour units is analyzed.
Tx only The switch will drop LLDP information received from neighbours,
but will send out LLDP information.
Disabled The switch will not send out LLDP information, and will drop LLDP
information received from neighbours.
Enabled The switch will send out LLDP information, and will analyze LLDP
information received from neighbours.
CDP Aware
Select CDP awareness.
The CDP operation is restricted to decoding incoming CDP frames (The
switch doesn't transmit CDP frames). CDP frames are only decoded if LLDP
on the port is enabled.
Only CDP TLVs that can be mapped to a corresponding field in the LLDP
neighbours' table are decoded. All other TLVs are discarded ( Unrecognized
CDP TLVs and discarded CDP frames are not shown in the LLDP
statistics.). CDP TLVs are mapped onto LLDP neighbours' table as shown
below.
CDP TLV &quot;Device ID&quot; is mapped to the LLDP &quot;Chassis ID&quot; field.
CDP TLV &quot;Address&quot; is mapped to the LLDP &quot;Management Address&quot; field.
The CDP address TLV can contain multiple addresses, but only the first
address is shown in the LLDP neighbours table.
CDP TLV &quot;Port ID&quot; is mapped to the LLDP &quot;Port ID&quot; field.
CDP TLV &quot;Version and Platform&quot; is mapped to the LLDP &quot;System
Description&quot; field.
Both the CDP and LLDP support &quot;system capabilities&quot;, but the CDP
capabilities cover capabilities that are not part of the LLDP. These
capabilities are shown as &quot;others&quot; in the LLDP neighbours' table.
If all ports have CDP awareness disabled the switch forwards CDP frames
received from neighbour devices. If at least one port has CDP awareness
enabled all CDP frames are terminated by the switch.
Note: When CDP awareness on a port is disabled the CDP information isn't
removed immediately, but gets when the hold time is exceeded.
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Port Descr
Optional TLV: When checked the &quot;port description&quot; is included in LLDP
information transmitted.
Sys Name
Optional TLV: When checked the &quot;system name&quot; is included in LLDP
information transmitted.
Sys Descr
Optional TLV: When checked the &quot;system description&quot; is included in LLDP
information transmitted.
Sys Capa
Optional TLV: When checked the &quot;system capability&quot; is included in LLDP
information transmitted.
Mgmt Addr
Optional TLV: When checked the &quot;management address&quot; is included in
LLDP information transmitted.
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2-8.2 LLDP Neighbours
This page provides a status overview for all LLDP neighbours. The
displayed table contains a row for each port on which an LLDP neighbour is
detected. The columns hold the following information:
Web Interface
To show LLDP neighbours:
1. Click LLDP Neighbours
2. Click Refresh for manual update web screen
3. Click Auto-refresh for auto-update web screen
Parameter description:
Local Port
The port on which the LLDP frame was received.
Chassis ID
The Chassis ID is the identification of the neighbour's LLDP frames.
Remote Port ID
The Remote Port ID is the identification of the neighbour port.
System Name
System Name is the name advertised by the neighbour unit.
Port Description
Port Description is the port description advertised by the neighbour unit.
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System Capabilities
System Capabilities describes the neighbour unit's capabilities. The
possible capabilities are:
1. Other
2. Repeater
3. Bridge
4. WLAN Access Point
5. Router
6. Telephone
7. DOCSIS cable device
8. Station only
9. Reserved
When a capability is enabled, the capability is followed by (+). If the
capability is disabled, the capability is followed by (-).
Management Address
Management Address is the neighbour unit's address that is used for higher
layer entities to assist discovery by the network management. This could for
instance hold the neighbour's IP address.
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2-8.3 LLDP-MED Configuration
Media Endpoint Discovery is an enhancement of LLDP, known as LLDPMED, that provides the following facilities:
Auto-discovery of LAN policies (such as VLAN, Layer 2 Priority and
Differentiated services (Diffserv) settings) enabling plug and play
networking.
Device location discovery to allow creation of location databases and, in the
case of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Enhanced 911 services.
Extended and automated power management of Power over Ethernet (PoE)
end points.
Inventory management, allowing network administrators to track their
network devices, and determine their characteristics (manufacturer,
software and hardware versions, serial or asset number).
This page allows you to configure the LLDP-MED. This function applies to
VoIP devices which support LLDP-MED.
Web Interface
To configure LLDP-MED
:
1. Click LLDP-MED Configuration
2. Modify Fast start repeat count parameter, default is 4
3. Modify Coordinates Location psrameters
4. Fill Civic Address Location parameters
5. Add new policy
6. Click Save, will show following Policy Port Configuration
7. Select Policy ID for each port
8. Click Save
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Parameter description:
Fast start repeat count
Rapid startup and Emergency Call Service Location Identification Discovery
of endpoints is a critically important aspect of VoIP systems in general. In
addition, it is best to advertise only those pieces of information which are
specifically relevant to particular endpoint types (for example only advertise
the voice network policy to permitted voice-capable devices), both in order
to conserve the limited LLDPU space and to reduce security and system
integrity issues that can come with inappropriate knowledge of the network
policy.
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With this in mind LLDP-MED defines an LLDP-MED Fast Start interaction
between the protocol and the application layers on top of the protocol, in
order to achieve these related properties. Initially, a Network Connectivity
Device will only transmit LLDP TLVs in an LLDPDU. Only after an LLDPMED Endpoint Device is detected, will an LLDP-MED capable Network
Connectivity Device start to advertise LLDP-MED TLVs in outgoing
LLDPDUs on the associated port. The LLDP-MED application will
temporarily speed up the transmission of the LLDPDU to start within a
second, when a new LLDP-MED neighbour has been detected in order
share LLDP-MED information as fast as possible to new neighbours.
Because there is a risk of an LLDP frame being lost during transmission
between neighbours, it is recommended to repeat the fast start
transmission multiple times to increase the possibility of the neighbours
receiving the LLDP frame. With Fast start repeat count it is possible to
specify the number of times the fast start transmission would be repeated.
The recommended value is 4 times, given that 4 LLDP frames with a 1
second interval will be transmitted, when an LLDP frame with new
information is received.
It should be noted that LLDP-MED and the LLDP-MED Fast Start
mechanism is only intended to run on links between LLDP-MED Network
Connectivity Devices and Endpoint Devices, and as such does not apply to
links between LAN infrastructure elements, including Network Connectivity
Devices, or other types of links.
Coordinates Location
Latitude
Latitude SHOULD be normalized to within 0-90 degrees with a maximum of
4 digits.
It is possible to specify the direction to either North of the equator or South
of the equator.
Longitude
Longitude SHOULD be normalized to within 0-180 degrees with a maximum
of 4 digits.
It is possible to specify the direction to either East of the prime meridian or
West of the prime meridian.
Altitude
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Altitude SHOULD be normalized to within -32767 to 32767 with a maximum
of 4 digits.
It is possible to select between two altitude types (floors or meters).
Meters: Representing meters of Altitude defined by the vertical datum
specified.
Floors: Representing altitude in a form more relevant in buildings which
have different floor-to-floor dimensions. An altitude = 0.0 is meaningful even
outside a building, and represents ground level at the given latitude and
longitude. Inside a building, 0.0 represents the floor level associated with
ground level at the main entrance.
Map Datum
The Map Datum is used for the coordinates given in these options:
WGS84: (Geographical 3D) - World Geodesic System 1984, CRS Code
4327, Prime Meridian Name: Greenwich.
NAD83/NAVD88: North American Datum 1983, CRS Code 4269, Prime
Meridian Name: Greenwich; The associated vertical datum is the North
American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). This datum pair is to be used
when referencing locations on land, not near tidal water (which would use
Datum = NAD83/MLLW).
NAD83/MLLW: North American Datum 1983, CRS Code 4269, Prime
Meridian Name: Greenwich; The associated vertical datum is Mean Lower
Low Water (MLLW). This datum pair is to be used when referencing
locations on water/sea/ocean.
Civic Address Location
IETF Geopriv Civic Address based Location Configuration Information
(Civic Address LCI).
Country code
The two-letter ISO 3166 country code in capital ASCII letters - Example: DK,
DE or US.
State
National subdivisions (state, canton, region, province, prefecture).
County
County, parish, gun (Japan), district.
City
City, township, shi (Japan) - Example: Copenhagen.
City district
City division, borough, city district, ward, chou (Japan).
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Block (Neighbourhood)
Neighbourhood, block.
Street
Street - Example: Poppelvej.
Leading street direction
Leading street direction - Example: N.
Trailing street suffix
Trailing street suffix - Example: SW.
Street suffix
Street suffix - Example: Ave, Platz.
House no.
House number - Example: 21.
House no. suffix
House number suffix - Example: A, 1/2.
Landmark
Landmark or vanity address - Example: Columbia University.
Additional location info
Additional location info - Example: South Wing.
Name
Name (residence and office occupant) - Example: Flemming Jahn.
Zip code
Postal/zip code - Example: 2791.
Building
Building (structure) - Example: Low Library.
Apartment
Unit (Apartment, suite) - Example: Apt 42.
Floor
Floor - Example: 4.
Room no.
Room number - Example: 450F.
Place type
Place type - Example: Office.
Postal community name
Postal community name - Example: Leonia.
P.O. Box
Post office box (P.O. BOX) - Example: 12345.
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Additional code
Additional code - Example: 1320300003.
Emergency Call Service
Emergency Call Service (e.g. E911 and others), such as defined by TIA or
NENA.
Emergency Call Service
Emergency Call Service ELIN identifier data format is defined to carry the
ELIN identifier as used during emergency call setup to a traditional CAMA
or ISDN trunk-based PSAP. This format consists of a numerical digit string,
corresponding to the ELIN to be used for emergency calling.
Policies
Network Policy Discovery enables the efficient discovery and diagnosis of
mismatch issues with the VLAN configuration, along with the associated
Layer 2 and Layer 3 attributes, which apply for a set of specific protocol
applications on that port. Improper network policy configurations are a very
significant issue in VoIP environments that frequently result in voice quality
degradation or loss of service.
Policies are only intended for use with applications that have specific 'realtime' network policy requirements, such as interactive voice and/or video
services.
The network policy attributes advertised are:
1. Layer 2 VLAN ID (IEEE 802.1Q-2003)
2. Layer 2 priority value (IEEE 802.1D-2004)
3. Layer 3 Diffserv code point (DSCP) value (IETF RFC 2474)
This network policy is potentially advertised and associated with multiple
sets of application types supported on a given port. The application types
specifically addressed are:
1. Voice
2. Guest Voice
3. Softphone Voice
4. Video Conferencing
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5. Streaming Video
6. Control / Signalling (conditionally support a separate network policy for
the media types above)
A large network may support multiple VoIP policies across the entire
organization, and different policies per application type. LLDP-MED allows
multiple policies to be advertised per port, each corresponding to a different
application type. Different ports on the same Network Connectivity Device
may advertise different sets of policies, based on the authenticated user
identity or port configuration.
It should be noted that LLDP-MED is not intended to run on links other than
between Network Connectivity Devices and Endpoints, and therefore does
not need to advertise the multitude of network policies that frequently run on
an aggregated link interior to the LAN.
Delete
Check to delete the policy. It will be deleted during the next save.
Policy ID
ID for the policy. This is auto generated and shall be used when selecting
the polices that shall be mapped to the specific ports.
Application Type
Intended use of the application types:
1. Voice - for use by dedicated IP Telephony handsets and other similar
appliances supporting interactive voice services. These devices are
typically deployed on a separate VLAN for ease of deployment and
enhanced security by isolation from data applications.
2. Voice Signalling (conditional) - for use in network topologies that require
a different policy for the voice signalling than for the voice media. This
application type should not be advertised if all the same network policies
apply as those advertised in the Voice application policy.
3. Guest Voice - support a separate 'limited feature-set' voice service for
guest users and visitors with their own IP Telephony handsets and other
similar appliances supporting interactive voice services.
4. Guest Voice Signalling (conditional) - for use in network topologies that
require a different policy for the guest voice signalling than for the guest
voice media. This application type should not be advertised if all the same
network policies apply as those advertised in the Guest Voice application
policy.
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5. Softphone Voice - for use by softphone applications on typical data
centric devices, such as PCs or laptops. This class of endpoints frequently
does not support multiple VLANs, if at all, and are typically configured to
use an 'untagged' VLAN or a single 'tagged' data specific VLAN. When a
network policy is defined for use with an 'untagged' VLAN (see Tagged flag
below), then the L2 priority field is ignored and only the DSCP value has
relevance.
6. Video Conferencing - for use by dedicated Video Conferencing
equipment and other similar appliances supporting real-time interactive
video/audio services.
7. Streaming Video - for use by broadcast or multicast based video content
distribution and other similar applications supporting streaming video
services that require specific network policy treatment. Video applications
relying on TCP with buffering would not be an intended use of this
application type.
8. Video Signalling (conditional) - for use in network topologies that require
a separate policy for the video signalling than for the video media. This
application type should not be advertised if all the same network policies
apply as those advertised in the Video Conferencing application policy.
Tag
Tag indicating whether the specified application type is using a 'tagged' or
an 'untagged' VLAN.
Untagged indicates that the device is using an untagged frame format and
as such does not include a tag header as defined by IEEE 802.1Q-2003. In
this case, both the VLAN ID and the Layer 2 priority fields are ignored and
only the DSCP value has relevance.
Tagged indicates that the device is using the IEEE 802.1Q tagged frame
format, and that both the VLAN ID and the Layer 2 priority values are being
used, as well as the DSCP value. The tagged format includes an additional
field, known as the tag header. The tagged frame format also includes
priority tagged frames as defined by IEEE 802.1Q-2003.
VLAN ID
VLAN identifier (VID) for the port as defined in IEEE 802.1Q-2003.
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L2 Priority
L2 Priority is the Layer 2 priority to be used for the specified application type.
L2 Priority may specify one of eight priority levels (0 through 7), as defined
by IEEE 802.1D-2004. A value of 0 represents use of the default priority as
defined in IEEE 802.1D-2004.
DSCP
DSCP value to be used to provide Diffserv node behaviour for the specified
application type as defined in IETF RFC 2474. DSCP may contain one of
64 code point values (0 through 63). A value of 0 represents use of the
default DSCP value as defined in RFC 2475.
Adding a new policy
Click to add a new policy. Specify the Application type, Tag, VLAN ID, L2
Priority and DSCP for the new policy. Click &quot;Save&quot;.
Port Policies Configuration
Every port may advertise a unique set of network policies or different
attributes for the same network policies, based on the authenticated user
identity or port configuration.
Port
The port number to which the configuration applies.
Policy Id
The set of policies that shall apply to a given port. The set of policies is
selected by check marking the checkboxes that corresponds to the policies.
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2-8.4 LLDP-MED Neighbours
This page provides a status overview of all LLDP-MED neighbours. The
displayed table contains a row for each port on which an LLDP neighbour is
detected. This function applies to VoIP devices which support LLDP-MED.
The columns hold the following information:
Web Interface
To show LLDP-MED neighbours:
1.Click LLDP-MED Neighbours
2. Click Refresh for manual update web screen
3.Click Auto-refresh for auto-update web screen
Parameter description:
Port
The port on which the LLDP frame was received.
Device Type
LLDP-MED Devices are comprised of two primary Device Types: Network
Connectivity Devices and Endpoint Devices.
LLDP-MED Network Connectivity Device Definition
LLDP-MED Network Connectivity Devices, as defined in TIA-1057, provide
access to the IEEE 802 based LAN infrastructure for LLDP-MED Endpoint
Devices. An LLDP-MED Network Connectivity Device is a LAN access
device based on any of the following technologies:
1. LAN Switch/Router
2. IEEE 802.1 Bridge
3. IEEE 802.3 Repeater (included for historical reasons)
4. IEEE 802.11 Wireless Access Point
5. Any device that supports the IEEE 802.1AB and MED extensions defined
by TIA-1057 and can relay IEEE 802 frames via any method.
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LLDP-MED Endpoint Device Definition
LLDP-MED Endpoint Devices, as defined in TIA-1057, are located at the
IEEE 802 LAN network edge, and participate in IP communication service
using the LLDP-MED framework.
Within the LLDP-MED Endpoint Device category, the LLDP-MED scheme is
broken into further Endpoint Device Classes, as defined in the following.
Each LLDP-MED Endpoint Device Class is defined to build upon the
capabilities defined for the previous Endpoint Device Class. For-example
will any LLDP-MED Endpoint Device claiming compliance as a Media
Endpoint (Class II) also support all aspects of TIA-1057 applicable to
Generic Endpoints (Class I), and any LLDP-MED Endpoint Device claiming
compliance as a Communication Device (Class III) will also support all
aspects of TIA-1057 applicable to both Media Endpoints (Class II) and
Generic Endpoints (Class I).
LLDP-MED Generic Endpoint (Class I)
The LLDP-MED Generic Endpoint (Class I) definition is applicable to all
endpoint products that require the base LLDP discovery services defined in
TIA-1057, however do not support IP media or act as an end-user
communication appliance. Such devices may include (but are not limited to)
IP Communication Controllers, other communication related servers, or any
device requiring basic services as defined in TIA-1057.
Discovery services defined in this class include LAN configuration, device
location, network policy, power management, and inventory management.
LLDP-MED Media Endpoint (Class II)
The LLDP-MED Media Endpoint (Class II) definition is applicable to all
endpoint products that have IP media capabilities however may or may not
be associated with a particular end user. Capabilities include all of the
capabilities defined for the previous Generic Endpoint Class (Class I), and
are extended to include aspects related to media streaming. Example
product categories expected to adhere to this class include (but are not
limited to) Voice / Media Gateways, Conference Bridges, Media Servers,
and similar.
Discovery services defined in this class include media-type-specific network
layer policy discovery.
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LLDP-MED Communication Endpoint (Class III)
The LLDP-MED Communication Endpoint (Class III) definition is applicable
to all endpoint products that act as end user communication appliances
supporting IP media. Capabilities include all of the capabilities defined for
the previous Generic Endpoint (Class I) and Media Endpoint (Class II)
classes, and are extended to include aspects related to end user devices.
Example product categories expected to adhere to this class include (but
are not limited to) end user communication appliances, such as IP Phones,
PC-based softphones, or other communication appliances that directly
support the end user.
Discovery services defined in this class include provision of location
identifier (including ECS / E911 information), embedded L2 switch support,
inventory management.
LLDP-MED Capabilities
LLDP-MED Capabilities describes the neighbour unit's LLDP-MED
capabilities. The possible capabilities are:
1. LLDP-MED capabilities
2. Network Policy
3. Location Identification
4. Extended Power via MDI - PSE
5. Extended Power via MDI - PD
6. Inventory
7. Reserved
Application Type
Application Type indicating the primary function of the application(s) defined
for this network policy, advertised by an Endpoint or Network Connectivity
Device. The possible application types are shown below.
1. Voice - for use by dedicated IP Telephony handsets and other similar
appliances supporting interactive voice services. These devices are
typically deployed on a separate VLAN for ease of deployment and
enhanced security by isolation from data applications.
2. Voice Signalling - for use in network topologies that require a different
policy for the voice signalling than for the voice media.
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3. Guest Voice - to support a separate limited feature-set voice service for
guest users and visitors with their own IP Telephony handsets and other
similar appliances supporting interactive voice services.
4. Guest Voice Signalling - for use in network topologies that require a
different policy for the guest voice signalling than for the guest voice media.
5. Softphone Voice - for use by softphone applications on typical data
centric devices, such as PCs or laptops.
6. Video Conferencing - for use by dedicated Video Conferencing
equipment and other similar appliances supporting real-time interactive
video/audio services.
7. Streaming Video - for use by broadcast or multicast based video content
distribution and other similar applications supporting streaming video
services that require specific network policy treatment. Video applications
relying on TCP with buffering would not be an intended use of this
application type.
8. Video Signalling - for use in network topologies that require a separate
policy for the video signalling than for the video media.
Policy
Policy indicates that an Endpoint Device wants to explicitly advertise that
the policy is required by the device. Can be either Defined or Unknown
Unknown: The network policy for the specified application type is currently
unknown.
Defined: The network policy is defined.
TAG
TAG is indicative of whether the specified application type is using a tagged
or an untagged VLAN. Can be Tagged or Untagged.
Untagged: The device is using an untagged frame format and as such does
not include a tag header as defined by IEEE 802.1Q-2003.
Tagged: The device is using the IEEE 802.1Q tagged frame format.
VLAN ID
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VLAN ID is the VLAN identifier (VID) for the port as defined in IEEE
802.1Q-2003. A value of 1 through 4094 is used to define a valid VLAN ID.
A value of 0 (Priority Tagged) is used if the device is using priority tagged
frames as defined by IEEE 802.1Q-2003, meaning that only the IEEE
802.1D priority level is significant and the default PVID of the ingress port is
used instead.
Priority
Priority is the Layer 2 priority to be used for the specified application
type.One of the eight priority levels (0 through 7).
DSCP
DSCP is the DSCP value to be used to provide Diffserv node behavior for
the specified application type as defined in IETF RFC 2474. Contain one of
64 code point values (0 through 63).
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2-8.5 EEE
By using EEE power savings can be achieved at the expense of traffic
latency. This latency occurs due to that the circuits EEE turn off to save
power, need time to boot up before sending traffic over the link. This time is
called &quot;wakeup time&quot;. To achieve minimal latency, devices can use LLDP to
exchange information about their respective tx and rx &quot;wakeup time &quot;, as a
way to agree upon the minimum wakeup time they need.
This page provides an overview of EEE information exchanged by LLDP.
Web Interface
To show LLDP EEE neighbours:
1. Click LLDP, than click EEE to show discoved EEE devices
2. Click Refresh for manual update web screen
3. Click Auto-refresh for auto-update web screen
Parameter description:
Local Port
The port on which LLDP frames are received or transmitted.
Tx Tw
The link parther's maximum time that transmit path can holdoff sending data
after deassertion of LPI.
Rx Tw
The link parther's time that receiver would like the transmitter to holdoff to
allow time for the receiver to wake from sleep.
Fallback Receive Tw
The link parther's fallback receive Tw.
A receiving link partner may inform the transmitter of an alternate desired
Tw_sys_tx. Since a receiving link partner is likely to have discrete levels for
savings, this provides the transmitter with additional information that it may
use for a more efficient allocation. Systems that do not implement this
option default the value to be the same as that of the Receive Tw_sys_tx.
Echo Tx Tw
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The link partner's Echo Tx Tw value.
The respective echo values shall be defined as the local link partners
reflection (echo) of the remote link partners respective values. When a local
link partner receives its echoed values from the remote link partner it can
determine whether or not the remote link partner has received, registered
and processed its most recent values. For example, if the local link partner
receives echoed parameters that do not match the values in its local MIB,
then the local link partner infers that the remote link partners request was
based on stale information.
Echo Rx Tw
The link partner's Echo Rx Tw value.
Resolved Tx Tw
The resolved Tx Tw for this link. Note : NOT the link parther
The resolved value that is the actual &quot;tx wakeup time &quot; used for this link
(based on EEE information exchanged via LLDP).
Resolved Rx Tw
The resolved Rx Tw for this link. Note : NOT the link parther
The resolved value that is the actual &quot;tx wakeup time &quot; used for this link
(based on EEE information exchanged via LLDP).
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2-8.6 Port Statistics
Two types of counters are shown. Global counters are counters that refer to
the whole stack, switch, while local counters refer to per port counters for
the currently selected switch
Web Interface
To show LLDP Statistics:
1. Click LLDP, than click Port Statistics to show LLDP counters
2. Click Refresh for manual update web screen
3. Click Auto-refresh for auto-update web screen
4. Click Clear to clear all counters
Parameter description:
Global Counters
Neighbour entries were last changed on
It also shows the time when the last entry was last deleted or added. It also
shows the time elapsed since the last change was detected.
Total Neighbours Entries Added
Shows the number of new entries added since switch reboot.
Total Neighbours Entries Deleted
Shows the number of new entries deleted since switch reboot.
Total Neighbours Entries Dropped
Shows the number of LLDP frames dropped due to the entry table being full.
Total Neighbours Entries Aged Out
Shows the number of entries deleted due to Time-To-Live expiring.
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Local Counters
The displayed table contains a row for each port. The columns hold the
following information:
Local Port
The port on which LLDP frames are received or transmitted.
Tx Frames
The number of LLDP frames transmitted on the port.
Rx Frames
The number of LLDP frames received on the port.
Rx Errors
The number of received LLDP frames containing some kind of error.
Frames Discarded
If an LLDP frame is received on a port, and the switch's internal table has
run full, the LLDP frame is counted and discarded. This situation is known
as &quot;Too Many Neighbours&quot; in the LLDP standard. LLDP frames require a
new entry in the table when the Chassis ID or Remote Port ID is not already
contained within the table. Entries are removed from the table when a given
port's link is down, an LLDP shutdown frame is received, or when the entry
ages out.
TLVs Discarded
Each LLDP frame can contain multiple pieces of information, known as
TLVs (TLV is short for &quot;Type Length Value&quot;). If a TLV is malformed, it is
counted and discarded.
TLVs Unrecognized
The number of well-formed TLVs, but with an unknown type value.
Org. Discarded
The number of organizationally received TLVs.
Age-Outs
Each LLDP frame contains information about how long time the LLDP
information is valid (age-out time). If no new LLDP frame is received within
the age out time, the LLDP information is removed, and the Age-Out
counter is incremented.
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2-9 Fitering Data Base
Fitering Data Base Configuration gathers many functions, including MAC
Table Information, Static MAC Learning , which cannot be categorized to
some function type.
MAC table
Switching of frames is based upon the DMAC address contained in the
frame. The switch builds up a table that maps MAC addresses to switch
ports for knowing which ports the frames should go to ( based upon the
DMAC address in the frame ). This table contains both static and dynamic
entries. The static entries are configured by the network administrator if the
administrator wants to do a fixed mapping between the DMAC address and
switch ports.
The frames also contain a MAC address ( SMAC address ), which shows
the MAC address of the equipment sending the frame. The SMAC address
is used by the switch to automatically update the MAC table with these
dynamic MAC addresses. Dynamic entries are removed from the MAC
table if no frame with the corresponding SMAC address have been seen
after a configurable age time
2-9.1 Configuration
The MAC Address Table is configured on this page. Set timeouts for entries
in the dynamic MAC Table and configure the static MAC table here.
Web Interface
To configure MAC Address Table in the web interface:
Aging Configuration
1. Click configuration .
2. Specify the Disable Automatic Aging and Aging Time.
3. Click Save.
MAC Table Learning
1. Click configuration .
2. Specify the Port Members(Auto,Disable,Secure).
3. Click Save.
Static MAC Table Configuration
1. Click configuration and Add new Static entry .
2. Specify the VLAN IP and Mac address ,Port Members.
3. Click Save.
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Parameter description:
Aging Configuration
By default, dynamic entries are removed from the MAC table after 300
seconds. This removal is also called aging.
Configure aging time by entering a value here in seconds; for example, Age
time seconds.
The allowed range is 10 to 1000000 seconds.
Disable the automatic aging of dynamic entries by checking
automatic aging.
Disable
MAC Table Learning
If the learning mode for a given port is greyed out, another module is in
control of the mode, so that it cannot be changed by the user. An example
of such a module is the MAC-Based Authentication under 802.1X.
Each port can do learning based upon the following settings:
Auto
Learning is done automatically as soon as a frame with unknown SMAC is
received.
Disable
No learning is done.
Secure
Only static MAC entries are learned, all other frames are dropped.
Note: Make sure that the link used for managing the switch is added to the
Static Mac Table before changing to secure learning mode, otherwise the
management link is lost and can only be restored by using another nonsecure port or by connecting to the switch via the serial interface.
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Static MAC Table Configuration
The static entries in the MAC table are shown in this table. The static MAC
table can contain 64 entries.
The maximum of 64 entries is for the whole stack, and not per switch.
The MAC table is sorted first by VLAN ID and then by MAC address.
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
VLAN ID
The VLAN ID of the entry.
MAC Address
The MAC address of the entry.
Port Members
Checkmarks indicate which ports are members of the entry. Check or
uncheck as needed to modify the entry.
Adding a New Static Entry
Click to add a new entry to the static MAC table. Specify the VLAN ID, MAC
address, and port members for the new entry. Click &quot;Save&quot;.
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2-9.2 Status
Entries in the MAC Table are shown on this page. The MAC Table contains
up to 8192 entries, and is sorted first by VLAN ID, then by MAC address.
Web Interface
To Display MAC Address Table in the web interface:
1. Click Dynamic MAC Table .
2. Specify the VLAN and MAC Address.
3. Display MAC Address Table.
Parameter description:
MAC Table Columns
Switch (stack only)
The stack unit where the entry is learned.
Type
Indicates whether the entry is a static or a dynamic entry.
MAC address
The MAC address of the entry.
VLAN
The VLAN ID of the entry.
Port Members
The ports that are members of the entry.
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2-10 VLAN
To assign a specific VLAN for management purpose. The management
VLAN is used to establish an IP connection to the switch from a
workstation connected to a port in the VLAN. This connection supports a
VSM, SNMP, and Telnet session. By default, the active management VLAN
is VLAN 1, but you can designate any VLAN as the management VLAN
using the Management VLAN window. Only one management VLAN can
be active at a time.
When you specify a new management VLAN, your HTTP connection to the
old management VLAN is lost. For this reason, you should have a
connection between your management station and a port in the new
management VLAN or connect to the new management VLAN through a
multi-VLAN route
2-10.1 VLAN Membership
The VLAN membership configuration for the selected stack switch unit
switch can be monitored and modified here. Up to 4096 VLANs are
supported. This page allows for adding and deleting VLANs as well as
adding and deleting port members of each VLAN.
Web Interface
To configure VLAN membership configuration in the web interface:
1. Click VLAN membership Configuration.
2. Specify Management VLAN ID. 0~ 4094
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
To delete a VLAN entry, check this box. The entry will be deleted on the
selected switch in the stack. If none of the ports of this switch are members
of a VLAN then the delete checkbox will be greyed out (you cannot delete
that entry. during the next Save.
VLAN ID
Indicates the ID of this particular VLAN.
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VLAN Name
Indicates the name of VLAN. VLAN Name can only contain alphabets or
numbers. VLAN name should contain atleast one alphabet. VLAN name
can be edited for the existing VLAN entries or it can be added to the new
entries.
Port Members
A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each VLAN ID. To
include a port in a VLAN, check the box. To remove or exclude the port from
the VLAN, make sure the box is unchecked. By default, no ports are
members, and all boxes are unchecked.
Adding a New VLAN
Click to add a new VLAN ID. An empty row is added to the table, and the
VLAN can be configured as needed. Legal values for a VLAN ID are 1
through 4095.
The VLAN is enabled on the selected stack switch unit when you click on
&quot;Save&quot;. The VLAN is thereafter present on the other stack switch units, but
with no port members. The check box is greyed out when VLAN is
displayed on other stacked switches, but user can add member ports to it.
A VLAN without any port members on any stack unit will be deleted when
you click &quot;Save&quot;.
The button can be used to undo the addition of new VLANs.
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2-10.2 Ports
The function in VLAN Tag Rule Setting, user can input VID number to each
port. The range of VID number is from 1 to 4094. User also can choose
ingress filtering rules to each port. There are two ingress filtering rules
which can be applied to the switch. The Ingress Filtering Rule 1 is “forward
only packets with VID matching this port’s configured VID”. The Ingress
Filtering Rule 2 is “drop untagged frame”. You can also select the Role of
each port as Access, Trunk, or Hybrid.
Web Interface
To configure VLAN Port configuration in the web interface:
1. Click VLAN Port Configuration.
2. Specify the VLAN Port Configuration parameters.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Ethertype for Custom S-ports
This field specifies the ether type used for Custom S-ports. This is a global
setting for all the Custom S-ports.
Port
This is the logical port number of this row.
Port Type
Port can be one of the following types: Unaware, Customer port(C-port),
Service port(S-port), Custom Service port(S-custom-port)
If Port Type is Unaware, all frames are classified to the Port VLAN ID and
tags are not removed.
Ingress Filtering
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Enable ingress filtering on a port by checking the box. This parameter
affects VLAN ingress processing. If ingress filtering is enabled and the
ingress port is not a member of the classified VLAN of the frame, the frame
is discarded. By default, ingress filtering is disabled (no checkmark).
Frame Type
Determines whether the port accepts all frames or only tagged/untagged
frames. This parameter affects VLAN ingress processing. If the port only
accepts tagged frames, untagged frames received on the port are discarded.
By default, the field is set to All.
Port VLAN Mode
Configures the Port VLAN Mode. The allowed values are None or Specific.
This parameter affects VLAN ingress and egress processing.
If None is selected, a VLAN tag with the classified VLAN ID is inserted in
frames transmitted on the port. This mode is normally used for ports
connected to VLAN aware switches.
If Specific (the default value) is selected, a Port VLAN ID can be configured
(see below). Untagged frames received on the port are classified to the Port
VLAN ID. If VLAN awareness is disabled, all frames received on the port
are classified to the Port VLAN ID. If the classified VLAN ID of a frame
transmitted on the port is different from the Port VLAN ID, a VLAN tag with
the classified VLAN ID is inserted in the frame.
Port VLAN ID
Configures the VLAN identifier for the port. The allowed values are 1
through 4095. The default value is 1.
Note: The port must be a member of the same VLAN as the Port VLAN ID.
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2-10.3 Switch Status
The function Switch Status gathers the information of all VLAN status and
reports it by the order of Staic NAS MVRP MVP Voice VLAN MSTP GVRP
Combined.
Web Interface
To Display VLAN membership status n the web interface:
1. Click VLAN membership.
2. Specify the Staic NAS MVRP MVP Voice VLAN MSTP GVRP
Combined.
3. Display membership information.
Parameter description:
VLAN USER
VLAN User module uses services of the VLAN management functionality to
configure VLAN memberships and VLAN port configurations such as PVID and
UVID. Currently we support the following VLAN user types:
CLI/Web/SNMP : These are referred to as static.
NAS : NAS provides port-based authentication, which involves communications
between a Supplicant, Authenticator, and an Authentication Server.
MVRP : Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol (MVRP) allows dynamic registration
and deregistration of VLANs on ports on a VLAN bridged network.
GVRP : GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) allows dynamic registration and
deregistration of VLANs on ports on a VLAN bridged network.
Voice VLAN : Voice VLAN is a VLAN configured specially for voice traffic typically
originating from IP phones.
MVR : MVR is used to eliminate the need to duplicate multicast traffic for
subscribers in each VLAN. Multicast traffic for all channels is sent only on a single
(multicast) VLAN.
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MSTP : The 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree protocol (MSTP) uses VLANs to create
multiple spanning trees in a network, which significantly improves network resource
utilization while maintaining a loop-free environment.
VLAN Membership
The VLAN Membership Status Page shall show the current VLAN port members for
all VLANs configured by a selected VLAN User (selection shall be allowed by a
Combo Box). When ALL VLAN Users are selected, it shall show this information for
all the VLAN Users, and this is by default. VLAN membership allows the frames
classified to the VLAN ID to be forwarded on the respective VLAN member ports.
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2-10.4 Port Status
The function Port Status gathers the information of all VLAN status and
reports it by the order of Staic NAS MVRP MVP Voice VLAN MSTP GVRP
Combined.
Web Interface
To Display VLAN Port Status n the web interface:
1. Click VLAN Port Status.
2. Specify the Staic NAS MVRP MVP Voice VLAN MSTP GVRP
Combined.
3. Display Port Status information.
Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
PVID
Shows the VLAN identifier for that port. The allowed values are 1 through
4095. The default value is 1.
Port Type
Shows the Port Type. Port type can be any of Unaware, C-port, S-port,
Custom S-port.
If Port Type is Unaware, all frames are classified to the Port VLAN ID and
tags are not removed.
C-port is Customer Port. S-port is Service port. Custom S-port is S-port with
Custom TPID.
Ingress Filtering
132
Shows the ingress filtering on a port. This parameter affects VLAN ingress
processing. If ingress filtering is enabled and the ingress port is not a
member of the classified VLAN, the frame is discarded.
Frame Type
Shows whether the port accepts all frames or only tagged frames. This
parameter affects VLAN ingress processing. If the port only accepts tagged
frames, untagged frames received on that port are discarded.
Tx Tag
Shows egress filtering frame status whether tagged or untagged.
UVID
Shows UVID (untagged VLAN ID). Port's UVID determines the packet's
behaviour at the egress side.
Conflicts
Shows status of Conflicts whether exists or not. When a Volatile VLAN User
requests to set VLAN membership or VLAN port configuration, the following
conflicts can occur:
Functional Conflicts between features.
Conflicts due to hardware limitation.
Direct conflict between user modules.
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2-10.5 Private VLANs
In a private VLAN, communication between ports in that private VLAN is not
permitted. A VLAN can be configured as a private VLAN.
2-10.5.1 Private VLANs Membership
The Private VLAN membership configurations for the switch can be
monitored and modified here. Private VLANs can be added or deleted here.
Port members of each Private VLAN can be added or removed here.
Private VLANs are based on the source port mask, and there are no
connections to VLANs. This means that VLAN IDs and Private VLAN IDs
can be identical.
A port must be a member of both a VLAN and a Private VLAN to be able to
forward packets. By default, all ports are VLAN unaware and members of
VLAN 1 and Private VLAN 1.
A VLAN unaware port can only be a member of one VLAN, but it can be a
member of multiple Private VLANs.
Web Interface
To configure Private VLAN configuration in the web interface:
1. Click add new Private VLAN configuration
2. Specify the Private VLAN ID and Port Members
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
To delete a private VLAN entry, check this box. The entry will be deleted
during the next save.
Private VLAN ID
Indicates the ID of this particular private VLAN.
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Port Members
A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each private VLAN ID.
To include a port in a Private VLAN, check the box. To remove or exclude
the port from the Private VLAN, make sure the box is unchecked. By default,
no ports are members, and all boxes are unchecked.
Adding a New Private VLAN
Click to add a new private VLAN ID. An empty row is added to the table,
and the private VLAN can be configured as needed. The allowed range for
a private VLAN ID is the same as the switch port number range. Any values
outside this range are not accepted, and a warning message appears. Click
&quot;OK&quot; to discard the incorrect entry, or click &quot;Cancel&quot; to return to the editing
and make a correction.
The Private VLAN is enabled when you click &quot;Save&quot;.
The button can be used to undo the addition of new Private VLANs.
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2-10.5.1.1 Port Isolation
Port Isolation provides for an apparatus and method to isolate ports on
layer 2 switches on the same VLAN to restrict traffic flow. The apparatus
comprises a switch having said plurality of ports, each port configured as a
protected port or a non-protected port. An address table memory stores an
address table having a destination address and port number pair. A
forwarding map generator generates a forwarding map which is responsive
to a destination address of a data packet. The method for isolating ports on
a layer 2 switch comprises configuring each of the ports on the layer 2
switch as a protected port or a non-protected port. A destination address
on an data packet is matched with a physical address on said layer 2
switch and a forwarding map is generated for the data packet based upon
the destination address on the data packet. The data packet is then sent to
the plurality of ports pursuant to the forwarding map generated based upon
whether the ingress port was configured as a protected or non-protected
port.
This page is used for enabling or disabling port isolation on ports in a
Private VLAN.A port member of a VLAN can be isolated to other isolated
ports on the same VLAN and Private VLAN.
Web Interface
To configure Port Isolation configuration in the web interface:
1. Click VLAN, Port Isolation.
2. Evoke which port want to enable Port Isolation
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Port Members
A check box is provided for each port of a private VLAN.
When checked, port isolation is enabled on that port.
When unchecked, port isolation is disabled on that port.
By default, port isolation is disabled on all ports.
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2-10.5.2 MAC-based VLAN
MAC address-based VLAN decides the VLAN for forwarding an untagged
frame based on the source MAC address of the frame.
A most common way of grouping VLAN members is by port, hence the
name port-based VLAN. Typically, the device adds the same VLAN tag to
untagged packets that are received through the same port. Later on, these
packets can be forwarded in the same VLAN. Port-based VLAN is easy to
configure, and applies to networks where the locations of terminal devices
are relatively fixed. As mobile office and wireless network access gain more
popularity, the ports that terminal devices use to access the networks are
very often non-fixed. A device may access a network through Port A this
time, but through Port B the next time. If Port A and Port B belong to
different VLANs, the device will be assigned to a different VLAN the next
time it accesses the network. As a result, it will not be able to use the
resources in the old VLAN. On the other hand, if Port A and Port B belong
to the same VLAN, after terminal devices access the network through Port
B, they will have access to the same resources as those accessing the
network through Port A do, which brings security issues. To provide user
access and ensure data security in the mean time, the MAC-based VLAN
technology is developed.
MAC-based VLANs group VLAN members by MAC address. With MACbased VLAN configured, the device adds a VLAN tag to an untagged frame
according to its source MAC address. MAC-based VLANs are mostly used
in conjunction with security technologies such as 802.1X to provide secure,
flexible network access for terminal devices.
2-10.5.2.1 Configuration
The MAC-based VLAN enties can be configured here. This page allows for
adding and deleting MAC-based VLAN entries and assigning the entries to
different ports. This page shows only static entries.
Web Interface
To configure MAC address-based VLAN configuration in the web interface:
1. Click MAC address-based VLAN configuration and add new entry.
2. Specify the MAC address and VLAN ID.
3. Click Save.
137
Parameter description:
Delete
To delete a MAC-based VLAN entry, check this box and press save. The
entry will be deleted on the selected switch in the stack.
MAC Address
Indicates the MAC address.
VLAN ID
Indicates the VLAN ID.
Port Members
A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each MAC-based VLAN
entry. To include a port in a MAC-based VLAN, check the box. To remove or
exclude the port from the MAC-based VLAN, make sure the box is
unchecked. By default, no ports are members, and all boxes are unchecked.
Adding a New MAC-based VLAN
Click to add a new MAC-based VLAN entry. An empty row is added to the
table, and the MAC-based VLAN entry can be configured as needed. Any
unicast MAC address can be configured for the MAC-based VLAN entry. No
broadcast or multicast MAC addresses are allowed. Legal values for a
VLAN ID are 1 through 4095.
The MAC-based VLAN entry is enabled on the selected stack switch unit
when you click on &quot;Save&quot;. A MAC-based VLAN without any port members
on any stack unit will be deleted when you click &quot;Save&quot;.
The button can be used to undo the addition of new MAC-based VLANs.
138
2-10.5.2.2 Status
This section shows MAC-based VLAN entries configured by various MACbased VLAN users. Currently we support following VLAN User types:
NAS : NAS provides port-based authentication, which involves
communications between a Supplicant, Authenticator, and an Authentication
Server.
Web Interface
To Display MAC-based VLAN configured in the web interface:
1. Click MAC-based VLAN Status.
2. Specify the Staic NAS Combined.
3. Display MAC-based information.
Parameter description:
MAC Address
Indicates the MAC address.
VLAN ID
Indicates the VLAN ID.
Port Members
Port members of the MAC-based VLAN entry.
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2-11.5.3 Protocol -based VLAN
This section describe Protocol -based VLAN, The Switch support Protocol
include Ethernet LLC SNAP Protocol,
LLC
The Logical Link Control (LLC) data communication protocol layer is the
upper sub-layer of the Data Link Layer (which is itself layer 2, just above
the Physical Layer) in the seven-layer OSI reference model. It
provides multiplexing mechanisms that make it possible for several network
protocols (IP, IPX, Decnet and Appletalk) to coexist within a multipoint
network and to be transported over the same network media, and can also
provide flow control and automatic repeat request (ARQ) error management
mechanisms.
SNAP
The Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) is a mechanism for multiplexing,
on networks using IEEE 802.2 LLC, more protocols than can be
distinguished by the 8-bit 802.2 Service Access Point (SAP) fields. SNAP
supports identifying protocols by Ethernet type field values; it also supports
vendor-private protocol identifier spaces. It is used with IEEE 802.3, IEEE
802.4, IEEE 802.5, IEEE 802.11 and other IEEE 802 physical network
layers, as well as with non-IEEE 802 physical network layers such
as FDDI that use 802.2 LLC.
2-10.5.3.1 Protocol to Group
This page allows you to add new protocols to Group Name (unique for each
Group) mapping entries as well as allow you to see and delete already
mapped entries for the selected stack switch unit switch .
Web Interface
To configure Protocol -based VLAN configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Protocol -based VLAN configuration and add new entry.
2. Specify the Ethernet LLC SNAP Protocol and Group Name.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
140
To delete a Protocol to Group Name map entry, check this box. The entry
will be deleted on the switch during the next Save.
Frame Type
Frame Type can have one of the following values:
1. Ethernet
2. LLC
3. SNAP
Note: On changing the Frame type field, valid value of the following text
field will vary depending on the new frame type you selected.
Value
Valid value that can be entered in this text field depends on the option
selected from the the preceding Frame Type selection menu.
Below is the criteria for three different Frame Types:
1. For Ethernet: Values in the text field when Ethernet is selected as a
Frame Type is called etype. Valid values for etype ranges from
0x0600-0xffff
2. For LLC: Valid value in this case is comprised of two different subvalues.
a. DSAP: 1-byte long string (0x00-0xff)
b. SSAP: 1-byte long string (0x00-0xff)
3. For SNAP: Valid value in this case also is comprised of two different
sub-values.
a.OUI: OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier) is value in format of
xx-xx-xx where each pair (xx) in string is a hexadecimal value
ranges from 0x00-0xff.
b. PID: If the OUI is hexadecimal 000000, the protocol ID is the
Ethernet type (EtherType) field value for the protocol running on top
of SNAP; if the OUI is an OUI for a particular organization, the
protocol ID is a value assigned by that organization to the protocol
running on top of SNAP.
In other words, if value of OUI field is 00-00-00 then value of PID
will be etype (0x0600-0xffff) and if value of OUI is other than 00-0000 then valid value of PID will be any value from 0x0000 to 0xffff.
Group Name
A valid Group Name is a unique 16-character long string for every entry
which consists of a combination of alphabets (a-z or A-Z) and integers(0-9).
Note: special character and underscore(_) are not allowed.
Adding a New Group to VLAN mapping entry
Click to add a new entry in mapping table. An empty row is added to the
table; Frame Type, Value and the Group Name can be configured as
needed.
The button can be used to undo the addition of new entry.
141
2-10.5.3.2 Group Name to VLAN
This section allows you to map a already configured Group Name to a
VLAN for the selected stack switch unit switch .
Web Interface
To Display Group Name to VLAN mapping table configured in the web
interface:
1. Click Group Name VLAN configuration and add new entry.
2. Specify the Group Name and VLAN ID.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
To delete a Group Name to VLAN map entry, check this box. The entry will
be deleted on the switch during the next Save
Group Name
A valid Group Name is a string of atmost 16 characters which consists of a
combination of alphabets (a-z or A-Z) and integers(0-9), no special
character is allowed. whichever Group name you try map to a VLAN must
be present in Protocol to Group mapping table and must not be preused by
any other existing mapping entry on this page.
VLAN ID
Indicates the ID to which Group Name will be mapped. A valid VLAN ID
ranges from 1-4095.
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Port Members
A row of check boxes for each port is displayed for each Group Name to
VLAN ID mapping. To include a port in a mapping, check the box. To
remove or exclude the port from the mapping, make sure the box is
unchecked. By default, no ports are members, and all boxes are unchecked.
Adding a New Group to VLAN mapping entry
Click to add a new entry in mapping table. An empty row is added to the
table, the Group Name, VLAN ID and port members can be configured as
needed. Legal values for a VLAN ID are 1 through 4095.
The button can be used to undo the addition of new entry.
143
2-11 Voice VLAN
Voice VLAN is VLAN configured specially for voice traffic. By adding the
ports with voice devices attached to voice VLAN, we can perform QoSrelated configuration for voice data, ensuring the transmission priority of
voice traffic and voice quality.
2-11.1 Configuration
The Voice VLAN feature enables voice traffic forwarding on the Voice VLAN,
then the switch can classify and schedule network traffic. It is
recommended that there be two VLANs on a port - one for voice, one for
data. Before connecting the IP device to the switch, the IP phone should
configure the voice VLAN ID correctly. It should be configured through its
own GUI.
Web Interface
To configure Voice VLAN in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Voice VLAN Configuration.
2. Specify VLAN ID Aging Time Traffic Class.
4. Specify (Port Mode,Security,Discovery Protocol)
in the Port Configuration
5. Click Save.
144
Parameter description:
Mode
Indicates the Voice VLAN mode operation. We must disable MSTP feature
before we enable Voice VLAN. It can avoid the conflict of ingress filtering.
Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable Voice VLAN mode operation.
Disabled: Disable Voice VLAN mode operation.
VLAN ID
Indicates the Voice VLAN ID. It should be a unique VLAN ID in the system
and cannot equal each port PVID. It is a conflict in configuration if the value
equals management VID, MVR VID, PVID etc. The allowed range is 1 to
4095.
Aging Time
Indicates the Voice VLAN secure learning aging time. The allowed range is
10 to 10000000 seconds. It is used when security mode or auto detect
mode is enabled. In other cases, it will be based on hardware aging time.
The actual aging time will be situated between the [age_time; 2 * age_time]
interval.
Traffic Class
Indicates the Voice VLAN traffic class. All traffic on the Voice VLAN will
apply this class.
Port Mode
Indicates the Voice VLAN port mode.
When the port mode isn't equal disabled, we must disable MSTP feature
before we enable Voice VLAN. It can avoid the conflict of ingress filtering.
Possible port modes are:
Disabled: Disjoin from Voice VLAN.
Auto: Enable auto detect mode. It detects whether there is VoIP phone
attached to the specific port and configures the Voice VLAN members
automatically.
Forced: Force join to Voice VLAN.
145
Port Security
Indicates the Voice VLAN port security mode. When the function is enabled,
all non-telephonic MAC addresses in the Voice VLAN will be blocked for 10
seconds. Possible port modes are:
Enabled: Enable Voice VLAN security mode operation.
Disabled: Disable Voice VLAN security mode operation.
Port Discovery Protocol
Indicates the Voice VLAN port discovery protocol. It will only work when
auto detect mode is enabled. We should enable LLDP feature before
configuring discovery protocol to &quot;LLDP&quot; or &quot;Both&quot;. Changing the discovery
protocol to &quot;OUI&quot; or &quot;LLDP&quot; will restart auto detect process. Possible
discovery protocols are:
OUI: Detect telephony device by OUI address.
LLDP: Detect telephony device by LLDP.
Both: Both OUI and LLDP.
146
2-11.2 OUI
The section describes to Configure VOICE VLAN OUI table . The maximum
entry number is 16. Modifying the OUI table will restart auto detection of
OUI process.
Web Interface
To configure Voice VLAN OUI Table in the web interface:
1. Select “Add new entry” ,”Delete”in the Voice VLAN OUI table..
2. Specify Telephony OUI, Description..
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Telephony OUI
A telephony OUI address is a globally unique identifier assigned to a vendor
by IEEE. It must be 6 characters long and the input format is &quot;xx-xx-xx&quot; (x is
a hexadecimal digit).
Description
The description of OUI address. Normally, it describes which vendor
telephony device it belongs to. The allowed string length is 0 to 32.
147
2-12 GARP
The Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP) provides a generic
framework whereby devices in a bridged LAN, e.g. end stations and
switches, can register and de-register attribute values, such as VLAN
Identifiers, with each other. In doing so, the attributes are propagated to
devices in the bridged LAN, and these devices form a &iexcl;&deg;reachability&iexcl;&plusmn; tree
that is a subset of an active topology. GARP defines the architecture, rules
of operation, state machines and variables for the registration and deregistration of attribute values.
A GARP participation in a switch or an end station consists of a GARP
application component, and a GARP Information Declaration (GID)
component associated with each port or the switch. The propagation of
information between GARP participants for the same application in a bridge
is carried out by the GARP Information Propagation (GIP) component.
Protocol exchanges take place between GARP participants by means of
LLC Type 1 services, using the group MAC address and PDU format
defined for the GARP application concerned.
2-12.1 Configuration
This page allows you to configure the basic GARP Configuration settings
for all switch ports.The settings relate to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To configure GARP Port Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click GARP configure.
2. Specify GARP Configuration Parameters..
3. Click Save.
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Parameter description:
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can configure GARP
settings. There are 2 types configuration settings which can be configured
on per port bases.
•
•
•
•
Timer Values
Applicantion
Attribute Type
GARP Applicant
Application
Currently only supported application is GVRP.
Attribute Type
Currently only supported Attribute Type is VLAN.
GARP Applicant
This configuration is used to configure the Applicant state machine
behaviour for GARP on a perticular port locally.
•
•
normal-participant: In this mode the Applicant state machine will
operate normally in GARP protocol exchanges.
non-participant: In this mode the Applicant state machine will not
participate in the protocol operation.
The default configuration is normal participant.
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Timer Values
Three different timers can be configured on this page:
1. Join Timer
2. Leave Timer
3. Leave All Timer
1. Join Timer
The default value for Join timer is 200ms.
2. Leave Timer
The range of values for Leave Time is 600-1000ms. The default value for
Leave Timer is 600ms.
3. Leave All Timer
The default value for Leave All Timer is 10000ms
150
2-12.2 Statistics
The section describes to port statistics of GARP for all switch ports.The port
statistics relate to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by the page
header.
Web Interface
To display GARP Port statistics in the web interface:
1. Click GARP statistics.
2. Scroll which port you want to display the GARP Counter information..
3. Click Refresh to modify the GARP statistics information.
Parameter description:
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of all ports for which per port GARP
statistics are shown.
Peer MAC
Peer MAC is MAC address of the neighbour Switch from with GARP frame
is received.
Failed Count
explain Failed count here...
151
2-13 GVRP
GVRP is an application based on Generic Attribute Registration Protocol
(GARP), mainly used to automatically and dynamically maintain the group
membership information of the VLANs. The GVRP offers the function
providing the VLAN registration service through a GARP application. It
makes use of GARP Information Declaration (GID) to maintain the ports
associated with their attribute database and GARP Information Propagation
(GIP) to communicate among switches and end stations. With GID
information and GIP, GVRP state machine maintain the contents of
Dynamic VLAN Registration Entries for each VLAN and propagate these
information to other GVRP-aware devices to setup and update their
knowledge database, the set of VLANs associated with currently active
members, and through which ports these members can be reached.
2-13.1 Configuration
This page allows you to configure the basic GVRP Configuration settings
for all switch ports.The settings relate to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To configure GVRP Port Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click GVRP configure.
2. Specify GVRP Configuration Parameters..
3. Click Save.
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Parameter description:
GVRP Mode
GVRP Mode is a global setting, to enable the GVRP globally select 'Enable'
from menu and to disable GVRP globally select 'Disable'. In stacking, this
configuration command sends message to all the slaves connected in stack.
Default value of Global MVRP Mode is 'Disable'
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can configure per port
GVRP settings. There are three configuration settings which can be
configured on per port bases.
•
•
GVRP Mode:
GVRP rrole:
1. GVRP Mode
This configuration is to enable/disable GVRP Mode on perticular port locally.
•
•
Disable: Select to Disable GVRP mode on this port.
Enable: Select to Enable GVRP mode on this port.
The default value of configuration is disable.
2. GVRP rrole
This configuration is used to configure restricted role on an interface.
•
•
Disable: Select to Disable GVRP rrole on this port.
Enable: Select to Enable GVRP rrole on this port.
The default configuration is disable.
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2-13.2 Statistics
The section describes to shows the basic GVRP Port statistics for all switch
ports.The statistics relate to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by
the page header.
Web Interface
To display GVRP Port statistics in the web interface:
1. Click GVRP statistics.
2. Scroll which port you want to display the GVRP Counter information..
3. Click Refresh to modify the GVRP statistics information.
Parameter description:
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can see port counters
and statistics.
Join Tx Count
explain Join tx Count here...
Leave Tx Count
explain Leave Tx Count here...
154
2-14 MRP
This standard specifies protocols, procedures, and managed objects to
support the Multiple Registration Protocol (MRP). MRP allows participants
in a MRP Application to register attributes with other participants in a
Bridged Local Area Network. The definition of attribute types, their values,
and the semantics associated with values when registered, are specific to
each MRP application. Two Applications are defined, to register VLANs
(MVRP) and Group MAC addresses (MMRP).
2-14.1 Configuration
This page allows you to configure the basic MRP Configuration settings for
all switch ports.The settings relate to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
: Web Interface
To configure MRP Port Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click MRP configure.
2. Specify MRP Configuration Parameters..
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
155
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can configure MRP
settings. There are 2 types configuration settings which can be configured
on per port bases.
•
•
•
•
•
Timer Values
Applicantion
Attribute Type
MRP Applicant
Periodic Tx
Application
Currently only supported application is MVRP.
Attribute Type
Currently only supported Attribute Type is VLAN.
MRP Applicant
This configuration is used to configure the Applicant state machine
behaviour for MRP on a perticular port locally.
•
•
normal-participant: In this mode the Applicant state machine will
operate normally in MRP protocol exchanges.
non-participant: In this mode the Applicant state machine will not
participate in the protocol operation.
The default configuration is normal participant.
Timer Values
Three different timers can be configured on this page:
1. Join Timer
2. Leave Timer
3. Leave All Timer
1. Join Timer
The default value for Join timer is 200ms.
2. Leave Timer
The range of values for Leave Time is 600-1000ms. The default value for
Leave Timer is 600ms.
3. Leave All Timer
The default value for Leave All Timer is 10000ms.
Periodic Tx
This configuration is used to configure transmission mode and this can be
congured either as enabled or disable. The default value of Periodic Tx is
disable.
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2-14.2 Statistics
This page port statistics of MRP for all switch ports.The port statistics relate
to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To display MRP Port statistics in the web interface:
1. Click MRP statistics.
2. Scroll which port you want to display the MRP Counter information..
3. Click Refresh to modify the MRP statistics information.
Parameter description:
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of all ports for which per port MRP statistics
are shown.
Peer MAC
Peer MAC is MAC address of the neighbour Switch from with MRP frame is
received.
Failed Count
explain Failed count here...
157
2-15 MVRP
The Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol (MVRP) defines an MRP
application that provides the VLAN registrations service. MVRP provides a
mechanism for dynamic maintenance of the contents of Dynamic VLAN
Registration Entries for each VLAN, and for propagating the information
they contain to other Bridges. This information allows MVRP-aware device
to dynamically establish and update their knowledge of the set of VLANs
that currently have active members, and through which Ports those
members can be reached.
2-15.1 Configuration
This page allows you to configure the basic MVRP Configuration settings
for all switch ports.The settings relate to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To configure MVRP Port Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click MVRP configure.
2. Specify MVRP Configuration Parameters..
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
158
MVRP Mode
MVRP Mode is a global setting, to enable the MVRP globally select 'Enable'
from menu and to disable MVRP globally select 'Disable'.
In stacking, this configuration command sends message to all the slaves
connected in stack.
Default value of Global MVRP Mode is 'Disable'
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can configure per port
MVRP settings. There are three configuration settings which can be
configured on per port bases.
•
•
MVRP Mode:
MVRP rrole:
1. MVRP Mode
This configuration is to enable/disable MVRP Mode on perticular port locally.
•
•
Disable: Select to Disable MVRP mode on this port.
Enable: Select to Enable MVRP mode on this port.
The default value of configuration is disable.
2. MVRP rrole
This configuration is used to configure restricted role on an interface.
•
•
Disable: Select to Disable MVRP rrole on this port.
Enable: Select to Enable MVRP rrole on this port.
The default configuration is disable.
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2-15.2 Statistics
This page shows the basic MVRP Port statistics for all switch ports.
The statistics relate to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by the
page header.
Web Interface
To display MVRP Port statistics in the web interface:
1. Click MVRP statistics.
2. Scroll which port you want to display the MVRP Counter information..
3. Click Refresh to modify the MVRP statistics information.
Parameter description:
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can see port counters
and statistics.
Join Tx Count
explain Join tx Count here...
Leave Tx Count
explain Leave Tx Count here...
160
2-16 QoS
The switch support four QoS queues per port with strict or weighted fair
queuing scheduling. It supports QoS Control Lists (QCL) for advance
programmable QoS classification, based on IEEE 802.1p, Ethertype, VID,
IPv4/IPv6 DSCP and UDP/TCP ports and ranges.
High flexibility in the classification of incoming frames to a QoS class. The
QoS classification looks for information up to Layer 4, including IPv4 and
IPv6 DSCP, IPv4 TCP/UDP port numbers, and user priority of tagged
frames. This QoS classification mechanism is implemented in a QoS control
list (QCL). The QoS class assigned to a frame is used throughout the
device for providing queuing, scheduling, and congestion control
guarantees to the frame according to what was configured for that specific
QoS class.
The switch support advanced memory control mechanisms providing
excellent performance of all QoS classes under any traffic scenario,
including jumbo frame. A super priority queue with dedicated memory and
strict highest priority in the arbitration. The ingress super priority queue
allows traffic recognized as CPU traffic to be received and queued for
transmission to the CPU even when all the QoS class queues are
congested.
2-16.1 Port Classification
The section allows you to configure the basic QoS Ingress Classification
settings for all switch ports. and the settings relate to the currently selected
stack unit, as reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To configure the QoS Port Classification parameters in the web interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click Configuration, QoS, Port Classification
Scroll to select QoS class, DP Level, PCP and DEI parameters
Click the save to save the setting
If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
161
Parameter description:
Port
The port number for which the configuration below applies.
QoS class
Controls the default QoS class, i.e., the QoS class for frames not classified
in any other way. There is a one to one mapping between QoS class, queue
and priority. A QoS class of 0 (zero) has the lowest priority.
DP level
Controls the default DP level, i.e., the DP level for frames not classified in
any other way.
PCP
Controls the default PCP for untagged frames.
DEI
Controls the default DEI for untagged frames.
Tag Class.
Shows the classification mode for tagged frames on this port.
Disabled: Use default QoS class and DP level for tagged frames.
Enabled: Use mapped versions of PCP and DEI for tagged frames.
Click on the mode in order to configure the mode and/or mapping.
DSCP Based
Click to Enable DSCP Based QoS Ingress Port Classification.
162
2-16.2 Port Schedulers
This section provides an overview of QoS Egress Port Schedulers for all
switch ports. and the ports belong to the currently selected stack unit, as
reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To display the QoS Port Schedulers in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, Port Schedulers
Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Click on the port number in order to configure the schedulers.
Mode
Shows the scheduling mode for this port.
Qn
Shows the weight for this queue and port.
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2-16.3 Port Shapers
This section provides an overview of QoS Egress Port Shapers for all
switch ports. Others the user could get all detail information ot the ports
belong to the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To display the QoS Port Shapers in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, Port Shapers
Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Click on the port number in order to configure the shapers.
Qn
Shows &quot;disabled&quot; or actual queue shaper rate - e.g. &quot;800 Mbps&quot;.
Port
Shows &quot;disabled&quot; or actual port shaper rate - e.g. &quot;800 Mbps&quot;.
164
2-16.4 Port Tag Remarking
The Section provides user to get an overview of QoS Egress Port Tag
Remarking for all switch ports. Others the ports belong to the currently
selected stack unit, as reflected by the page header. .
Web Interface
To display the QoS Port Tag Remarking in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, Port Tag Remarking
Parameter description:
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Click on the port number in order to configure tag remarking.
Mode
Shows the tag remarking mode for this port.
Classified: Use classified PCP/DEI values.
Default: Use default PCP/DEI values.
Mapped: Use mapped versions of QoS class and DP level.
165
2-16.5 Port DSCP
The section will teach user to set the QoS Port DSCP configuration that
was allowed you to configure the basic QoS Port DSCP Configuration
settings for all switch ports. Others the settings relate to the currently
selected stack unit, as reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To configure the QoS Port DSCP parameters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, Port DSCP
2. Evoke to enable or disable the Ingress Translate and Scroll the Classify
Parameter configuration
3. Scroll to select Egress Rewrite parameters
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Port
The Port coulmn shows the list of ports for which you can configure dscp
ingress and egress settings.
Ingress
In Ingress settings you can change ingress translation and classification
settings for individual ports.
There are two configuration parameters available in Ingress:
1. Translate
2. Classify
166
1. Translate
To Enable the Ingress Translation click the checkbox.
2. Classify
Classification for a port have 4 different values.
•
•
•
•
Disable: No Ingress DSCP Classification.
DSCP=0: Classify if incoming (or translated if enabled) DSCP is 0.
Selected: Classify only selected DSCP for which classification is
enabled as specified in DSCP Translation window for the specific
DSCP.
All: Classify all DSCP.
Egress
Port Egress Rewriting can be one of •
•
•
Disable: No Egress rewrite.
Enable: Rewrite enable without remapped.
Remap: DSCP from analyzer is remapped and frame is remarked
with remapped DSCP value.
167
2-16.6 DSCP-Based QoS
The section will teach user to configure the DSCP-Based QoS mode
that This page allows you to configure the basic QoS DSCP based QoS
Ingress Classification settings for all switches.
Web Interface
To configure the DSCP –Based QoS Ingress Classification parameters
in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, DSCP-Based QoS
2. Evoke to enable or disable the DSCP for Trust
3. Scroll to select QoS Class and DPL parameters
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset
button. It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
DSCP
Maximum number of support ed DSCP values are 64.
Trust
Click to check if the DSCP value is trusted.
QoS Class
QoS Class value can be any of (0-7)
DPL
Drop Precedence Level (0-3)
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2-16.7 DSCP Translation
The section describes the swtich allows you to configure the basic QoS
DSCP Translation settings for all switches. DSCP translation can be done in
Ingress or Egress.
Web Interface
To configure the DSCP Translation parameters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, DSCP Translation
2. Scroll to set the Ingress Translate and Egress Remap DP0 and Remap
DP1 Parameters
3. Evoke to enable or disable Classify
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
DSCP
Maximum number of supported DSCP values are 64 and valid DSCP value
ranges from 0 to 63.
Ingress
Ingress side DSCP can be first translated to new DSCP before using the
DSCP for QoS class and DPL map.
There are two configuration parameters for DSCP Translation 1. Translate
2. Classify
1. Translate
169
DSCP at Ingress side can be translated to any of (0-63) DSCP values.
2. Classify
Click to enable Classification at Ingress side.
Egress
There are following configurable parameters for Egress side 1. Remap DP0
2. Remap DP1
There is following configurable parameter for Egress side •
Remap
1. Remap DP0
Select the DSCP value from select menu to which you want to remap.
DSCP value ranges form 0 to 63.
2. Remap DP1
Select the DSCP value from select menu to which you want to remap.
DSCP value ranges form 0 to 63.
Remap
Select the DSCP value from select menu to which you want to remap.
DSCP value ranges form 0 to 63.
170
2-16.8 DSCP Classification
The section describes to teach user to configure and allows you to map
DSCP value to a QoS Class and DPL value. Others the settings relate to
the currently selected stack unit, as reflected by the page header.
Web Interface
To configure the DSCP Classification parameters in the web interface:
1.Click Configuration, QoS, DSCP Translation
2. Scroll to set the DSCP Parameters
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
QoS Class
Available QoS Class value ranges from 0 to 7. QoS Class (0-7) can be
mapped to followed parameters.
DPL
Drop Precedence Level (0-1) can be configured for all available QoS
Classes.
DSCP
Select DSCP value (0-63) from DSCP menu to map DSCP to
corresponding QoS Class
and DPL value
171
2-16.9 QoS Control List Configuration
The section shows the QoS Control List(QCL), which is made up of the
QCEs. Each row describes a QCE that is defined. The maximum number of
QCEs is 256 on each switch. Click on the lowest plus sign to add a new
QCE to the list.
Web Interface
To configure the QoS Control List parameters in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, QoS Contol List
2. Click the
to add a new QoS Control List
3. Scroll all parameters and evoke the Port Member to join the QCE rules
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
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Parameter description:
QCE#
Indicates the index of QCE.
Switch
Indicates the switch id on which QCE entry is configured. 'Any' indicates
QCE is configured on all the switches in the stack.
Port
Indicates the list of ports configured with the QCE.
Frame Type
Indicates the type of frame to look for incomming frames. Possible frame
types are:
Any: The QCE will match all frame type.
Ethernet: Only Ethernet frames (with Ether Type 0x600-0xFFFF) are
allowed.
LLC: Only (LLC) frames are allowed.
LLC: Only (SNAP) frames are allowed.
IPv4: The QCE will match only IPV4 frames.
IPv6: The QCE will match only IPV6 frames.
SMAC
Displays the OUI field of Source MAC address, i.e. first three octet (byte) of
MAC address.
DMAC
Specify the type of Destination MAC addresses for incoming frame.
Possible values are:
Any: All types of Destination MAC addresses are allowed.
Unicast: Only Unicast MAC addresses are allowed.
Multicast: Only Multicast MAC addresses are allowed.
Broadcast: Only Broadcast MAC addresses are allowedd.
The default value is 'Any'.
VID
Indicates (VLAN ID), either a specific VID or range of VIDs. VID can be in
the range 1-4095 or 'Any'
Conflict
Displays QCE status. It may happen that resources required to add a QCE
may not available, in that case it shows conflict status as 'Yes', otherwise it
is always 'No'.Please note that conflict can be resolved by releaseing the
resource required by the QCE and pressing 'Refresh' button.
Action
Indicates the classification action taken on ingress frame if parameters
configured are matched with the frame's content.
There are three action fields: Class, DPL and DSCP.
Class: Classified QoS Class; if a frame matches the QCE it will be put in the
queue.
DPL: Drop Precedence Level; if a frame matches the QCE then DP level
will set to value displayed under DPL column.
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DSCP: If a frame matches the QCE then DSCP will be classified with the
value displayed under DSCP column.
Modification Buttons
You can modify each QCE (QoS Control Entry) in the table using the
following buttons:
: Inserts a new QCE before the current row.
: Edits the QCE.
: Moves the QCE up the list.
: Moves the QCE down the list.
: Deletes the QCE.
: The lowest plus sign adds a new entry at the bottom of the
QCE listings.
Port Members
Check the checkbox button in case you what to make any port member of
the QCL entry. By default all ports will be checked
Key Parameters
Key configuration are discribed as below:
Tag Value of Tag field can be 'Any', 'Untag' or 'Tag'
VID Valid value of VLAN ID can be any value in the range 1-4095 or 'Any';
user can enter either a specific value or a range of VIDs
PCP Priority Code Point: Valid value PCP are specific(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
or range(0-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, 0-3, 4-7) or 'Any'
DEI Drop Eligible Indicator: Valid value of DEI can be any of values
between 0, 1 or 'Any'
SMAC Source MAC address: 24 MS bits (OUI) or 'Any'
DMAC Type Destination MAC type: possible values are unicast(UC),
multicast(MC), broadcast(BC) or 'Any'
Frame Type Frame Type can have any of the following values
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Any
Ethernet
LLC
SNAP
IPv4
IPv6
Note: all frame types are explained below
174
.
1. Any
Allow all types of frames.
2. Ethernet
Ethernet Type Valid ethernet type can have value within 0x600-0xFFFF or
'Any', default value is 'Any'.
3. LLC
SSAP Address Valid SSAP(Source Service Access Point) can vary from
0x00 to 0xFF or 'Any', the default value is 'Any'
DSAP Address Valid DSAP(Destination Service Access Point) can vary
from 0x00 to 0xFF or 'Any', the default value is 'Any'
Control Address Valid Control Address can vary from 0x00 to 0xFF or 'Any',
the default value is 'Any'
4. SNAP
PID Valid PID(a.k.a ethernet type) can have value within 0x00-0xFFFF or
'Any', default value is 'Any'
5. IPv4
Protocol IP protocol number: (0-255, TCP or UDP) or 'Any'
Source IP Specific Source IP address in value/mask format or 'Any'. IP and
Mask are in the format x.y.z.w where x, y, z, and w are decimal numbers
between 0 and 255. When Mask is converted to a 32-bit binary string and
read from left to right, all bits following the first zero must also be zero
DSCP Diffserv Code Point value(DSCP): It can be specific value, range of
value or 'Any'. DSCP values are in the range 0-63 including BE, CS1-CS7,
EF or AF11-AF43
IP Fragment IPv4 frame fragmented option: yes|no|any
Sport Source TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP
Dport Destination TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP
6. IPv6
Protocol IP protocol number: (0-255, TCP or UDP) or 'Any'
Source IP IPv6 source address: (a.b.c.d) or 'Any', 32 LS bits
DSCP Diffserv Code Point value(DSCP): It can be specific value, range of
value or 'Any'. DSCP values are in the range 0-63 including BE, CS1-CS7,
EF or AF11-AF43
Sport Source TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP
Dport Destination TCP/UDP port:(0-65535) or 'Any', specific or port range
applicable for IP protocol UDP/TCP
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Action Configuration
Class QoS Class: &quot;class (0-7)&quot;, default- basic classification
DP Valid DP Level can be (0-3)&quot;, default- basic classification
DSCP Valid dscp value can be (0-63, BE, CS1-CS7, EF or AF11-AF43)
2-16.10 QCL Status
The section will let you know how to configure and shows the QCL status
by different QCL users. Each row describes the QCE that is defined. It is a
conflict if a specific QCE is not applied to the hardware due to hardware
limitations. The maximum number of QCEs is 256 on each switch.
Web Interface
To display the QoS Control List Status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS , QCL Status
2. If you want to auto-refresh the information then you need to evoke the
“Auto-refresh”.
3. Scroll to select the combined, static, Voice VLAN and conflict.
4. To Click the “ Refresh“ to refresh a entry of the MVR Statistics
Information.
Parameter description:
User
Indicates the QCL user.
QCE#
Indicates the index of QCE.
Frame Type
Indicates the type of frame to look for incomming frames. Possible frame
types are:
Any: The QCE will match all frame type.
Ethernet: Only Ethernet frames (with Ether Type 0x600-0xFFFF) are
allowed.
LLC: Only (LLC) frames are allowed.
LLC: Only (SNAP) frames are allowed.
IPv4: The QCE will match only IPV4 frames.
IPv6: The QCE will match only IPV6 frames.
Port
Indicates the list of ports configured with the QCE.
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Action
Indicates the classification action taken on ingress frame if parameters
configured are matched with the frame's content.
There are three action fields: Class, DPL and DSCP.
Class: Classified QoS Class; if a frame matches the QCE it will be put in the
queue.
DPL: Drop Precedence Level; if a frame matches the QCE then DP level
will set to value displayed under DPL column.
DSCP: If a frame matches the QCE then DSCP will be classified with the
value displayed under DSCP column.
Conflict
Displays QCE status. It may happen that resources required to add a QCE
may not available, in that case it shows conflict status as 'Yes', otherwise it
is always 'No'.Please note that conflict can be resolved by releaseing the
resource required by the QCE and pressing 'Refresh' button.
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2-16.11 Storm Control
The section allows user to configure the Storm control for the switch. There
is a unicast storm rate control, multicast storm rate control, and a broadcast
storm rate control. These only affect flooded frames, i.e. frames with a
(VLAN ID, DMAC) pair not present on the MAC Address table. The
configuration indicates the permitted packet rate for unicast, multicast or
broadcast traffic across the switch
Web Interface
To configure the Storm Control Configuration parameters in the web
interface:
1. Click Configuration, QoS, Storm Control Configuration
2. Evoke to select the frame type to enable storm control
3. Scroll to set the Rate Parameters
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Frame Type
The settings in a particular row apply to the frame type listed here: Unicast,
Multicast or Broadcast.
Enable
Enable or disable the storm control status for the given frame type.
Rate
The rate unit is packets per second (pps). Valid values are: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,
64, 128, 256, 512, 1K, 2K, 4K, 8K, 16K, 32K, 64K, 128K, 256K, 512K or
1024K. , 1024K, 2048K, 4096K, 8192K, 16384K or 32768K. , 1024K, 2048K,
4096K, 8192K, 16384K or 32768K.
The 1 kpps is actually 1002.1 pps.
178
2-17 Thermal Protection
The section allows the user to inspect and configure the current setting for
controlling thermal protection. Thermal protection is used to protect the
chip from getting overheated.
Web Interface
To configure the Thermal Protection in the web interface:
1.Click Configuration, Thermal Protection , Configuration
2. Specify the temperature in the priority 0 to 3
3. Scroll to set the Priority
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
Temperature settings for priority groups
The temperature at which the ports with the corresponding priority will be
turned off.
Port priorities
The priority the port belongs to.
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2-17.1 Status
The section allows the user to inspect the thermal status information related
to thermal protection when user configure the Thermal protection function
already.
Web Interface
To display the Thermal Protection Status in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Thermal Protection, Status
Parameter description:
Chip Temperature
Shows the current chip temperature in degrees Celcius.
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2-18 Mirror
You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real-time
analysis. You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the target
port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely
unobtrusive manner.
Mirror Configuration is to monitor the traffic of the network. For example, we
assume that Port A and Port B are Monitoring Port and Monitored Port
respectively, thus, the traffic received by Port B will be copied to Port A for
monitoring.
Web Interface
To configure the Mirror in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Mirroring
2. Scroll to select Port to mirror on which port
3. Scroll to disabled, enable, TX Only and RX Only to set the Port mirror
mode
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
.
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Parameter description:
Port to mirror on
Port to mirror also known as the mirror port. Frames from ports that have
either source (rx) or destination (tx) mirroring enabled are mirrored on this
port. Disabled disables mirroring.
Switch to mirror to
Frames from ports that have either source (rx) or destination (tx) mirroring
enabled are mirrored to this switch.
Mirror Port Configuration
The following table is used for Rx and Tx enabling.
Port
The logical port for the settings contained in the same row.
Mode
Select mirror mode.
Rx only Frames received on this port are mirrored on the mirror port.
Frames transmitted are not mirrored.
Tx only Frames transmitted on this port are mirrored on the mirror port.
Frames received are not mirrored.
Disabled Neither frames transmitted nor frames received are mirrored.
Enabled Frames received and frames transmitted are mirrored on the mirror
port.
Note: For a given port, a frame is only transmitted once. It is therefore not
possible to mirror Tx frames on the mirror port. Because of this, mode for
the selected mirror port is limited to Disabled or Rx only.
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2-19 Trap Event Severity
The function, is used to set a Alarm trap and get the Event log. The Trap
Events Configuration function is used to enable the switch to send out the
trap information while pre-defined trap events occurred.
Web Interface
To configure the Trap Event Severity Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, Trap Event Severity Configuration
2. Scroll to select the Group name and Severity Level
3. Click the save to save the setting
4. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
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2-20 SMTP Configuration
The function, is used to set a Alarm trap when the switch alarm then you
could set the SMTP server to send you the alarm mail.
Web Interface
To configure the SMTP Configuration in the web interface:
1. Click Configuration, SMTP Configuration
2. Scroll to select the Severity Level
3. Specify the parameters in each blank field.
4. Click the save to save the setting
5. If you want to cancel the setting then you need to click the Reset button.
It will revert to previously saved values
Parameter description:
These parameters are displayed on the IGMP Group Membership page:
Mail Server :
Specify the IP Address of the server transferring your email.
Username
Specify the username on the mail server.
Password
Specify the password on the mail server.
Sender
To set the mail sender name.
Return-Path
To set the mail return-path as sender mail address.
Email Address 1-6
Email address that would like to receive the alarm message.
184
3. Security
This chapter describes all of the switch security configuration tasks to
enhance the security of local network including IP Source Guard,
ARP Inspection,DHCP Snooping, AAA, and etc..
3-1 IP Source Guard
The section describes to configure the IP Source Guard detail parameters of
the switch. You could use the IP Source Guard configure to enable or disable
with the Port of the switch.
3-1.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure IP Source Guard setting
including：
Mode (Enabled and Disabled)
Maximum Dynamic Clients (0, 1, 2, Unlimited)
Web Interface
To configure an IP Source Guard Configuration in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of IP Source Guard Configuration.
2. Select “Enabled” of the specific port in the Mode of Port Mode
Configuration.
3. Select Maximum Dynamic Clients (0, 1, 2, Unlimited) of the specific port
in the Mode of Port Mode Configuration.
4. Click Save.
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Parameter description:
Mode of IP Source Guard Configuration
Enable the Global IP Source Guard or disable the Global IP Source Guard.
All configured ACEs will be lost when the mode is enabled.
Port Mode Configuration
Specify IP Source Guard is enabled on which ports. Only when both Global
Mode and Port Mode on a given port are enabled, IP Source Guard is
enabled on this given port.
Max Dynamic Clients
Specify the maximum number of dynamic clients that can be learned on
given port. This value can be 0, 1, 2 or unlimited. If the port mode is
enabled and the value of max dynamic client is equal to 0, it means only
allow the IP packets forwarding that are matched in static entries on the
specific port.
186
3-1.2 Static Table
The section describes to configure the Static IP Source Guard Table
parameters of the switch. You could use the Static IP Source Guard Table
configure to manage the entries.
Web Interface
To configure a Static IP Source Guard Table Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Click “Add new entry”.
2. Specify the Port, VLAN ID, IP Address, and MAC address in the entry.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Port
The logical port for the settings.
VLAN ID
The vlan id for the settings.
IP Address
Allowed Source IP address.
IP Mask
It can be used for calculating the allowed network with IP address.
MAC address
Allowed Source MAC address.
Adding new entry
Click to add a new entry to the Static IP Source Guard table. Specify the
Port, VLAN ID, IP address, and IP Mask for the new entry. Click &quot;Save&quot;.
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3-1.3 Dynamic Table
The section describes to configure the Dynamic IP Source Guard Table
parameters of the switch. You could use the Dynamic IP Source Guard
Table configure to manage the entries.
Web Interface
To configure a Dynamic IP Source Guard Table Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Specify the Start from port, VLAN ID, IP Address, and entrie per page.
2. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
Port
Switch Port Number for which the entries are displayed.
VLAN ID
VLAN-ID in which the IP traffic is permitted.
IP Address
User IP address of the entry.
MAC Address
Source MAC address.
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3-2 ARP Insprction
The section describes to configure the ARP Inspection parameters of the
switch. You could use the ARP Inspection configure to manage the ARP
table.
3-2.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure ARP Inspection setting including：
Mode (Enabled and Disabled)
Port (Enabled and Disabled)
Web Interface
To configure an ARP Inspection Configuration in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of ARP Inspection Configuration.
2. Select “Enabled” of the specific port in the Mode of Port Mode
Configuration.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Mode of ARP Inspection Configuration
Enable the Global ARP Inspection or disable the Global ARP Inspection.
Port Mode Configuration
Specify ARP Inspection is enabled on which ports. Only when both Global
Mode and Port Mode on a given port are enabled, ARP Inspection is
enabled on this given port.
189
3-2.2 Static Table
The section describes to configure the Static ARP Inspection Table
parameters of the switch. You could use the Static ARP Inspection Table
configure to manage the ARP entries.
Web Interface
To configure a Static ARP Inspection Table Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Click “Add new entry”.
2. Specify the Port, VLAN ID, IP Address, and MAC address in the entry.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Port
The logical port for the settings.
VLAN ID
The vlan id for the settings.
MAC Address
Allowed Source MAC address in ARP request packets.
IP Address
Allowed Source IP address in ARP request packets.
Adding new entry
Click to add a new entry to the Static ARP Inspection table. Specify the Port,
VLAN ID, MAC address, and IP address for the new entry. Click &quot;Save&quot;.
190
3-2.3 Dynamic Table
The section describes to configure the Dynamic ARP Inspection Table
parameters of the switch. The Dynamic ARP Inspection Table contains up to
1024 entries, and is sorted first by port, then by VLAN ID, then by MAC
address, and then by IP address.
Web Interface
To configure a Dynamic ARP Inspection Table Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Specify the Start from port, VLAN ID, MAC Address, IP Address, and
entrie per page.
2. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
.
Parameter description:
Port
Switch Port Number for which the entries are displayed.
VLAN ID
VLAN-ID in which the ARP traffic is permitted.
MAC Address
User MAC address of the entry.
IP Address
User IP address of the entry.
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3-3 DHCP Snooping
The section describes to configure the DHCP Snooping parameters of the
switch. The DHCP Snooping can prevent attackers from adding their own
DHCP servers to the network.
3-3.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure DHCP Snooping setting including：
Snooping Mode (Enabled and Disabled)
Port Mode Configuration (Trusted, Untrusted)
Web Interface
To configure a DHCP Snooping in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of DHCP Snooping Configuration.
2. Select “Trusted” of the specific port in the Mode of Port Mode
Configuration.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Snooping Mode
Indicates the DHCP snooping mode operation. Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable DHCP snooping mode operation. When DHCP snooping
mode operation is enabled, the DHCP request messages will be forwarded
to trusted ports and only allow reply packets from trusted ports.
Disabled: Disable DHCP snooping mode operation.
Port Mode
Indicates the DHCP snooping port mode. Possible port modes are:
Trusted: Configures the port as trusted source of the DHCP messages.
Untrusted: Configures the port as untrusted source of the DHCP messages.
192
3-3.2 Statistics
The section describes to show the DHCP Snooping Statistics information of
the switch. The statistics show only packet counters when DHCP snooping
mode is enabled and relay mode is disabled. And it doesn't count the DHCP
packets for DHCP client.
Web Interface
To configure a DHCP Snooping Statistics Configuration in the web interface:
1. Specify the Port which you want to monitor.
2. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
Rx and Tx Discover
The number of discover (option 53 with value 1) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Offer
The number of offer (option 53 with value 2) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Request
The number of request (option 53 with value 3) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Decline
The number of decline (option 53 with value 4) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx ACK
The number of ACK (option 53 with value 5) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx NAK
The number of NAK (option 53 with value 6) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Release
193
The number of release (option 53 with value 7) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Inform
The number of inform (option 53 with value 8) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Query
The number of lease query (option 53 with value 10) packets received and
transmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Unassigned
The number of lease unassigned (option 53 with value 11) packets received
and transmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Unknown
The number of lease unknown (option 53 with value 12) packets received
and transmitted.
Rx and Tx Lease Active
The number of lease active (option 53 with value 13) packets received and
transmitted.
194
3-4 DHCP Relay
The section describes how to forward DHCP requests to another specific
DHCP servers via DHCP relay. The DHCP servers may be on another
network.
3-4.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure DHCP Relay setting including：
Relay Mode (Enabled and Disabled)
Relay Server IP setting
Relay Information Mode (Enabled and Disabled)
Relay Information Mode Policy (Replace, Keep and Drop)
Web Interface
To configure a DHCP Relay in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Relay Mode of DHCP Relay Configuration.
2. Specify Relay Server IP address.
3. Select “Enabled” in the Relay Information Mode of DHCP Relay
Configuration.
4. Specify Relay (Replace, Keep and Drop) in the Relay Information
Mode of DHCP Relay Configuration.
5. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Relay Mode
Indicates the DHCP relay mode operation. Possible modes are:
Enabled:Enable DHCP relay mode operation. When DHCP relay mode
operation is enabled, the agent forwards and transfers DHCP messages
between the clients and the server when they are not in the same subnet
domain. And the DHCP broadcast message won't be flooded for security
considerations.
Disabled: Disable DHCP relay mode operation.
195
Relay Server
Indicates the DHCP relay server IP address. A DHCP relay agent is used to
forward and to transfer DHCP messages between the clients and the server
when they are not in the same subnet domain.
Relay Information Mode
Indicates the DHCP relay information mode option operation. Possible
modes are:
Enabled: Enable DHCP relay information mode operation. When DHCP
relay information mode operation is enabled, the agent inserts specific
information (option 82) into a DHCP message when forwarding to DHCP
server and removes it from a DHCP message when transferring to DHCP
client. It only works when DHCP relay operation mode is enabled.
Disabled: Disable DHCP relay information mode operation.
Relay Information Policy
Indicates the DHCP relay information option policy. When DHCP relay
information mode operation is enabled, if agent receives a DHCP message
that already contains relay agent information it will enforce the policy. And it
only works under DHCP if relay information operation mode is enabled.
Possible policies are:
Replace:Replace the original relay information when a DHCP message that
already contains it is received.
Keep:Keep the original relay information when a DHCP message that
already contains it is received.
Drop:Drop the package when a DHCP message that already contains relay
information is received.
196
3-4.2 Statistics
The section describes to show the DHCP Relay Statistics information of the
switch. The statistics show both of Server and Client packet counters when
DHCP Relay mode is enabled.
Web Interface
To configure a DHCP Snooping Statistics Configuration in the web interface:
1. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
Transmit to Server
The number of packets that are relayed from client to server.
Transmit Error
The number of packets that resulted in errors while being sent to clients.
Receive from Server
The number of packets received from server.
Receive Missing Agent Option
The number of packets received without agent information options.
Receive Missing Circuit ID
The number of packets received with the Circuit ID option missing.
Receive Missing Remote ID
The number of packets received with the Remote ID option missing.
Receive Bad Circuit ID
The number of packets whose Circuit ID option did not match known circuit
ID.
Receive Bad Remote ID
The number of packets whose Remote ID option did not match known
Remote ID.
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Client Statistics
Transmit to Client
The number of relayed packets from server to client.
Transmit Error
The number of packets that resulted in error while being sent to servers.
Receive from Client
The number of received packets from server.
Receive Agent Option
The number of received packets with relay agent information option.
Replace Agent Option
The number of packets which were replaced with relay agent information
option.
Keep Agent Option
The number of packets whose relay agent information was retained.
Drop Agent Option
The number of packets that were dropped which were received with relay
agent information.
198
3-5 NAS
The section describes to configure the NAS parameters of the switch. The
NAS server can be employed to connect users to a variety of resources
including Internet access, conference calls, printing documents on shared
printers, or by simply logging on to the Internet.
3-5.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure NAS setting of IEEE 802.1X, MACbased authentication system, and port settings. The NAS configuration
consists of two sections, a system- and a port-wide.
Web Interface
To configure a System Configuration of Netwrok Access Server in the web
interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of Netwrok Access Server Configuration.
2. Checked Reauthentication Enabled.
3. Set Reauthentication Period (Default is 3600 seconds).
4. Set EAPOL Timeout (Default is 30 seconds).
5. Set Aging Peroid (Default is 300 seconds).
6. Set Hold Time (Default is 10 seconds).
7. Checked RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled.
8. Checked RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled.
9. Checked Guest VLAN Enabled.
10. Specify Guest VLAN ID.
11. Specify Max. Reauth. Count.
12. Checked Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL Seen.
13. Click Save.
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Parameter description:
Mode
Indicates if NAS is globally enabled or disabled on the switchstack. If
globally disabled, all ports are allowed forwarding of frames.
Reauthentication Enabled
If checked, successfully authenticated supplicants/clients are
reauthenticated after the interval specified by the Reauthentication Period.
Reauthentication for 802.1X-enabled ports can be used to detect if a new
device is plugged into a switch port or if a supplicant is no longer attached.
For MAC-based ports, reauthentication is only useful if the RADIUS server
configuration has changed. It does not involve communication between the
switch and the client, and therefore doesn't imply that a client is still present
on a port (see Aging Period below).
Reauthentication Period
Determines the period, in seconds, after which a connected client must be
reauthenticated. This is only active if the Reauthentication Enabled
checkbox is checked. Valid values are in the range 1 to 3600 seconds.
EAPOL Timeout
Determines the time for retransmission of Request Identity EAPOL frames.
Valid values are in the range 1 to 255 seconds. This has no effect for MACbased ports.
Aging Period
This setting applies to the following modes, i.e. modes using the Port
Security functionality to secure MAC addresses:
• Single 802.1X
• Multi 802.1X
• MAC-Based Auth.
When the NAS module uses the Port Security module to secure MAC
addresses, the Port Security module needs to check for activity on the MAC
address in question at regular intervals and free resources if no activity is
seen within a given period of time. This parameter controls exactly this
period and can be set to a number between 10 and 1000000 seconds.
If reauthentication is enabled and the port is in an 802.1X-based mode, this
is not so critical, since supplicants that are no longer attached to the port
will get removed upon the next reauthentication, which will fail. But if
reauthentication is not enabled, the only way to free resources is by aging
the entries.
For ports in MAC-based Auth. mode, reauthentication doesn't cause direct
communication between the switch and the client, so this will not detect
whether the client is still attached or not, and the only way to free any
resources is to age the entry.
Hold Time
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This setting applies to the following modes, i.e. modes using the Port
Security functionality to secure MAC addresses:
• Single 802.1X
• Multi 802.1X
• MAC-Based Auth.
If a client is denied access - either because the RADIUS server denies the
client access or because the RADIUS server request times out (according
to the timeout specified on the &quot;Configuration→Security→AAA&quot; page) - the
client is put on hold in the Unauthorized state. The hold timer does not
count during an on-going authentication.
In MAC-based Auth. mode, the The switch will ignore new frames coming
from the client during the hold time.
The Hold Time can be set to a number between 10 and 1000000 seconds.
RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled
RADIUS-assigned QoS provides a means to centrally control the traffic
class to which traffic coming from a successfully authenticated supplicant is
assigned on the switch. The RADIUS server must be configured to transmit
special RADIUS attributes to take advantage of this feature (see RADIUSAssigned QoS Enabled below for a detailed description).
The &quot;RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled&quot; checkbox provides a quick way to
globally enable/disable RADIUS-server assigned QoS Class functionality.
When checked, the individual ports' ditto setting determine whether
RADIUS-assigned QoS Class is enabled on that port. When unchecked,
RADIUS-server assigned QoS Class is disabled on all ports.
RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled
RADIUS-assigned VLAN provides a means to centrally control the VLAN on
which a successfully authenticated supplicant is placed on the switch.
Incoming traffic will be classified to and switched on the RADIUS-assigned
VLAN. The RADIUS server must be configured to transmit special RADIUS
attributes to take advantage of this feature (see RADIUS-Assigned VLAN
Enabled below for a detailed description).
The &quot;RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled&quot; checkbox provides a quick way to
globally enable/disable RADIUS-server assigned VLAN functionality. When
checked, the individual ports' ditto setting determine whether RADIUSassigned VLAN is enabled on that port. When unchecked, RADIUS-server
assigned VLAN is disabled on all ports.
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Guest VLAN Enabled
A Guest VLAN is a special VLAN - typically with limited network access - on
which 802.1X-unaware clients are placed after a network administratordefined timeout. The switch follows a set of rules for entering and leaving
the Guest VLAN as listed below.
The &quot;Guest VLAN Enabled&quot; checkbox provides a quick way to globally
enable/disable Guest VLAN functionality. When checked, the individual
ports' ditto setting determines whether the port can be moved into Guest
VLAN. When unchecked, the ability to move to the Guest VLAN is disabled
on all ports.
Guest VLAN ID
This is the value that a port's Port VLAN ID is set to if a port is moved into
the Guest VLAN. It is only changeable if the Guest VLAN option is globally
enabled.
Valid values are in the range [1; 4095].
Max. Reauth. Count
The number of times the switch transmits an EAPOL Request Identity frame
without response before considering entering the Guest VLAN is adjusted
with this setting. The value can only be changed if the Guest VLAN option is
globally enabled.
Valid values are in the range [1; 255].
Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL Seen
The switch remembers if an EAPOL frame has been received on the port
for the life-time of the port. Once the switch considers whether to enter the
Guest VLAN, it will first check if this option is enabled or disabled. If
disabled (unchecked; default), the switch will only enter the Guest VLAN if
an EAPOL frame has not been received on the port for the life-time of the
port. If enabled (checked), the switch will consider entering the Guest VLAN
even if an EAPOL frame has been received on the port for the life-time of
the port.
The value can only be changed if the Guest VLAN option is globally
enabled.
Port Configuration
The table has one row for each port on the selected switch in the stack and
a number of columns, which are:
Port
The port number for which the configuration below applies.
Admin State
If NAS is globally enabled, this selection controls the port's authentication
mode. The following modes are available:
Force Authorized
In this mode, the switch will send one EAPOL Success frame when the port
link comes up, and any client on the port will be allowed network access
without authentication.
Force Unauthorized
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In this mode, the switch will send one EAPOL Failure frame when the
port link comes up, and any client on the port will be disallowed network
access.
Port-based 802.1X
In the 802.1X-world, the user is called the supplicant, the switch is the
authenticator, and the RADIUS server is the authentication server. The
authenticator acts as the man-in-the-middle, forwarding requests and
responses between the supplicant and the authentication server. Frames
sent between the supplicant and the switch are special 802.1X frames,
known as EAPOL (EAP Over LANs) frames. EAPOL frames encapsulate
EAP PDUs (RFC3748). Frames sent between the switch and the RADIUS
server are RADIUS packets. RADIUS packets also encapsulate EAP PDUs
together with other attributes like the switch's IP address, name, and the
supplicant's port number on the switch. EAP is very flexible, in that it allows
for different authentication methods, like MD5-Challenge, PEAP, and TLS.
The important thing is that the authenticator (the switch) doesn't need to
know which authentication method the supplicant and the authentication
server are using, or how many information exchange frames are needed for
a particular method. The switch simply encapsulates the EAP part of the
frame into the relevant type (EAPOL or RADIUS) and forwards it.
When authentication is complete, the RADIUS server sends a special
packet containing a success or failure indication. Besides forwarding this
decision to the supplicant, the switch uses it to open up or block traffic on
the switch port connected to the supplicant.
Note: Suppose two backend servers are enabled and that the server
timeout is configured to X seconds (using the AAA configuration page), and
suppose that the first server in the list is currently down (but not considered
dead). Now, if the supplicant retransmits EAPOL Start frames at a rate
faster than X seconds, then it will never get authenticated, because the
switch will cancel on-going backend authentication server requests
whenever it receives a new EAPOL Start frame from the supplicant. And
since the server hasn't yet failed (because the X seconds haven't expired),
the same server will be contacted upon the next backend authentication
server request from the switch. This scenario will loop forever. Therefore,
the server timeout should be smaller than the supplicant's EAPOL Start
frame retransmission rate.
Single 802.1X
In port-based 802.1X authentication, once a supplicant is successfully
authenticated on a port, the whole port is opened for network traffic. This
allows other clients connected to the port (for instance through a hub) to
piggy-back on the successfully authenticated client and get network access
even though they really aren't authenticated. To overcome this security
breach, use the Single 802.1X variant.Single 802.1X is really not an IEEE
standard, but features many of the same characteristics as does port-based
802.1X. In Single 802.1X, at most one supplicant can get authenticated on
the port at a time. Normal EAPOL frames are used in the communication
between the supplicant and the switch. If more than one supplicant is
connected to a port, the one that comes first when the port's link comes up
will be the first one considered. If that supplicant doesn't provide valid
credentials within a certain amount of time, another supplicant will get a
chance. Once a supplicant is successfully authenticated, only that
supplicant will be allowed access. This is the most secure of all the
supported modes. In this mode, the Port Security module is used to secure
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a supplicant's MAC address once successfully authenticated.
Multi 802.1X
In port-based 802.1X authentication, once a supplicant is successfully
authenticated on a port, the whole port is opened for network traffic. This
allows other clients connected to the port (for instance through a hub) to
piggy-back on the successfully authenticated client and get network access
even though they really aren't authenticated. To overcome this security
breach, use the Multi 802.1X variant.
Multi 802.1X is really not an IEEE standard, but features many of the same
characteristics as does port-based 802.1X. Multi 802.1X is - like Single
802.1X - not an IEEE standard, but a variant that features many of the
same characteristics. In Multi 802.1X, one or more supplicants can get
authenticated on the same port at the same time. Each supplicant is
authenticated individually and secured in the MAC table using the Port
Security module.
In Multi 802.1X it is not possible to use the multicast BPDU MAC address
as destination MAC address for EAPOL frames sent from the switch
towards the supplicant, since that would cause all supplicants attached to
the port to reply to requests sent from the switch. Instead, the switch uses
the supplicant's MAC address, which is obtained from the first EAPOL Start
or EAPOL Response Identity frame sent by the supplicant. An exception to
this is when no supplicants are attached. In this case, the switch sends
EAPOL Request Identity frames using the BPDU multicast MAC address as
destination - to wake up any supplicants that might be on the port.
The maximum number of supplicants that can be attached to a port can be
limited using the Port Security Limit Control functionality.
MAC-based Auth.
Unlike port-based 802.1X, MAC-based authentication is not a standard, but
merely a best-practices method adopted by the industry. In MAC-based
authentication, users are called clients, and the switch acts as the
supplicant on behalf of clients. The initial frame (any kind of frame) sent by
a client is snooped by the switch, which in turn uses the client's MAC
address as both username and password in the subsequent EAP exchange
with the RADIUS server. The 6-byte MAC address is converted to a string
on the following form &quot;xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx&quot;, that is, a dash (-) is used as
separator between the lower-cased hexadecimal digits. The switch only
supports the MD5-Challenge authentication method, so the RADIUS server
must be configured accordingly.
When authentication is complete, the RADIUS server sends a success or
failure indication, which in turn causes the switch to open up or block traffic
for that particular client, using the Port Security module. Only then will
frames from the client be forwarded on the switch. There are no EAPOL
frames involved in this authentication, and therefore, MAC-based
Authentication has nothing to do with the 802.1X standard.
The advantage of MAC-based authentication over port-based 802.1X is that
several clients can be connected to the same port (e.g. through a 3rd party
switch or a hub) and still require individual authentication, and that the
clients don't need special supplicant software to authenticate. The
advantage of MAC-based authentication over 802.1X-based authentication
is that the clients don't need special supplicant software to authenticate.
The disadvantage is that MAC addresses can be spoofed by malicious
users - equipment whose MAC address is a valid RADIUS user can be
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used by anyone. Also, only the MD5-Challenge method is supported. The
maximum number of clients that can be attached to a port can be limited
using the Port Security Limit Control functionality.
RADIUS-Assigned QoS Enabled
When RADIUS-Assigned QoS is both globally enabled and enabled
(checked) on a given port, the switch reacts to QoS Class information
carried in the RADIUS Access-Accept packet transmitted by the RADIUS
server when a supplicant is successfully authenticated. If present and valid,
traffic received on the supplicant's port will be classified to the given QoS
Class. If (re-)authentication fails or the RADIUS Access-Accept packet no
longer carries a QoS Class or it's invalid, or the supplicant is otherwise no
longer present on the port, the port's QoS Class is immediately reverted to
the original QoS Class (which may be changed by the administrator in the
meanwhile without affecting the RADIUS-assigned).
This option is only available for single-client modes, i.e.
• Port-based 802.1X
• Single 802.1X
RADIUS attributes used in identifying a QoS Class:
Refer to the written documentation for a description of the RADIUS
attributes needed in order to successfully identify a QoS Class. The UserPriority-Table attribute defined in RFC4675 forms the basis for identifying
the QoS Class in an Access-Accept packet.
Only the first occurrence of the attribute in the packet will be considered,
and to be valid, it must follow this rule:
• All 8 octets in the attribute's value must be identical and consist of ASCII
characters in the range '0' - '3', which translates into the desired QoS Class
in the range [0; 3].
RADIUS-Assigned VLAN Enabled
When RADIUS-Assigned VLAN is both globally enabled and enabled
(checked) for a given port, the switch reacts to VLAN ID information carried
in the RADIUS Access-Accept packet transmitted by the RADIUS server
when a supplicant is successfully authenticated. If present and valid, the
port's Port VLAN ID will be changed to this VLAN ID, the port will be set to
be a member of that VLAN ID, and the port will be forced into VLAN
unaware mode. Once assigned, all traffic arriving on the port will be
classified and switched on the RADIUS-assigned VLAN ID.
If (re-)authentication fails or the RADIUS Access-Accept packet no longer
carries a VLAN ID or it's invalid, or the supplicant is otherwise no longer
present on the port, the port's VLAN ID is immediately reverted to the
original VLAN ID (which may be changed by the administrator in the
meanwhile without affecting the RADIUS-assigned).
This option is only available for single-client modes, i.e.
• Port-based 802.1X
• Single 802.1X
For trouble-shooting VLAN assignments, use the &quot;Monitor→VLANs→VLAN
Membership and VLAN Port&quot; pages. These pages show which modules
have (temporarily) overridden the current Port VLAN configuration.
RADIUS attributes used in identifying a VLAN ID:
RFC2868 and RFC3580 form the basis for the attributes used in identifying
a VLAN ID in an Access-Accept packet. The following criteria are used:
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• The Tunnel-Medium-Type, Tunnel-Type, and Tunnel-Private-Group-ID
attributes must all be present at least once in the Access-Accept packet.
• The switch looks for the first set of these attributes that have the same
Tag value and fulfil the following requirements (if Tag == 0 is used, the
Tunnel-Private-Group-ID does not need to include a Tag):
- Value of Tunnel-Medium-Type must be set to &quot;IEEE-802&quot; (ordinal 6).
- Value of Tunnel-Type must be set to &quot;VLAN&quot; (ordinal 13).
- Value of Tunnel-Private-Group-ID must be a string of ASCII chars in the
range '0' - '9', which is interpreted as a decimal string representing the
VLAN ID. Leading '0's are discarded. The final value must be in the range
[1; 4095].
Guest VLAN Enabled
When Guest VLAN is both globally enabled and enabled (checked) for a
given port, the switch considers moving the port into the Guest VLAN
according to the rules outlined below.
This option is only available for EAPOL-based modes, i.e.:
• Port-based 802.1X
• Single 802.1X
• Multi 802.1X
For trouble-shooting VLAN assignments, use the &quot;Monitor→VLANs→VLAN
Membership and VLAN Port&quot; pages. These pages show which modules
have (temporarily) overridden the current Port VLAN configuration.
Guest VLAN Operation:
When a Guest VLAN enabled port's link comes up, the switch starts
transmitting EAPOL Request Identity frames. If the number of transmissions
of such frames exceeds Max. Reauth. Count and no EAPOL frames have
been received in the meanwhile, the switch considers entering the Guest
VLAN. The interval between transmission of EAPOL Request Identity
frames is configured with EAPOL Timeout. If Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL
Seen is enabled, the port will now be placed in the Guest VLAN. If disabled,
the switch will first check its history to see if an EAPOL frame has
previously been received on the port (this history is cleared if the port link
goes down or the port's Admin State is changed), and if not, the port will be
placed in the Guest VLAN. Otherwise it will not move to the Guest VLAN,
but continue transmitting EAPOL Request Identity frames at the rate given
by EAPOL Timeout.
Once in the Guest VLAN, the port is considered authenticated, and all
attached clients on the port are allowed access on this VLAN. The switch
will not transmit an EAPOL Success frame when entering the Guest VLAN.
While in the Guest VLAN, the switch monitors the link for EAPOL frames,
and if one such frame is received, the switch immediately takes the port out
of the Guest VLAN and starts authenticating the supplicant according to the
port mode. If an EAPOL frame is received, the port will never be able to go
back into the Guest VLAN if the &quot;Allow Guest VLAN if EAPOL Seen&quot; is
disabled.
Port State
The current state of the port. It can undertake one of the following values:
Globally Disabled: NAS is globally disabled.
Link Down: NAS is globally enabled, but there is no link on the port.
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Authorized: The port is in Force Authorized or a single-supplicant mode and
the supplicant is authorized.
Unauthorized: The port is in Force Unauthorized or a single-supplicant
mode and the supplicant is not successfully authorized by the RADIUS
server.
X Auth/Y Unauth: The port is in a multi-supplicant mode. Currently X clients
are authorized and Y are unauthorized.
Restart
Two buttons are available for each row. The buttons are only enabled when
authentication is globally enabled and the port's Admin State is in an
EAPOL-based or MAC-based mode.
Clicking these buttons will not cause settings changed on the page to take
effect.
Reauthenticate: Schedules a reauthentication whenever the quiet-period of
the port runs out (EAPOL-based authentication). For MAC-based
authentication, reauthentication will be attempted immediately.
The button only has effect for successfully authenticated clients on the port
and will not cause the clients to get temporarily unauthorized.
Reinitialize: Forces a reinitialization of the clients on the port and thereby a
reauthentication immediately. The clients will transfer to the unauthorized
state while the reauthentication is in progress.
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3-5.2 Switch Status
The section describes to show the each port NAS status information of the
switch.The status includes Admin State Port State, Last Source, Last ID,
QoS Class, and Port VLAN ID.
Web Interface
To configure a NAS Switch Status Configuration in the web interface:
1.Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
Port
The switch port number. Click to navigate to detailed NAS statistics for this
port.
Admin State
The port's current administrative state. Refer to NAS Admin State for a
description of possible values.
Port State
The current state of the port. Refer to NAS Port State for a description of
the individual states.
Last Source
The source MAC address carried in the most recently received EAPOL
frame for EAPOL-based authentication, and the most recently received
frame from a new client for MAC-based authentication.
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Last ID
The user name (supplicant identity) carried in the most recently received
Response Identity EAPOL frame for EAPOL-based authentication, and the
source MAC address from the most recently received frame from a new
client for MAC-based authentication.
QoS Class
QoS Class assigned to the port by the RADIUS server if enabled.
Port VLAN ID
The VLAN ID that NAS has put the port in. The field is blank, if the Port
VLAN ID is not overridden by NAS.
If the VLAN ID is assigned by the RADIUS server, &quot;(RADIUS-assigned)&quot; is
appended to the VLAN ID. Read more about RADIUS-assigned VLANs
here.
If the port is moved to the Guest VLAN, &quot;(Guest)&quot; is appended to the VLAN
ID. Read more about Guest VLANs here.
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3-5.3 Port Status
The section describes to provides detailed NAS statistics for a specific
switch port running EAPOL-based IEEE 802.1X authentication.
Web Interface
To configure a NAS Port Status Configuration in the web interface:
1. Specify Port which want to check.
2. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
Port State
Admin State
The port's current administrative state. Refer to NAS Admin State for a
description of possible values.
Port State
The current state of the port. Refer to NAS Port State for a description of
the individual states.
QoS Class
The QoS class assigned by the RADIUS server. The field is blank if no QoS
class is assigned.
Port VLAN ID
The VLAN ID that NAS has put the port in. The field is blank, if the Port
VLAN ID is not overridden by NAS.
If the VLAN ID is assigned by the RADIUS server, &quot;(RADIUS-assigned)&quot; is
appended to the VLAN ID. Read more about RADIUS-assigned VLANs
here.
If the port is moved to the Guest VLAN, &quot;(Guest)&quot; is appended to the VLAN
ID. Read more about Guest VLANs here.
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Port Counters
EAPOL Counters
These supplicant frame counters are available for the following
administrative states:
• Force Authorized
• Force Unauthorized
• Port-based 802.1X
• Single 802.1X
• Multi 802.1X
Backend Server Counters
These backend (RADIUS) frame counters are available for the following
administrative states:
• Port-based 802.1X
• Single 802.1X
• Multi 802.1X
• MAC-based Auth.
Last Supplicant/Client Info
Information about the last supplicant/client that attempted to authenticate.
This information is available for the following administrative states:
• Port-based 802.1X
• Single 802.1X
• Multi 802.1X
• MAC-based Auth.
Selected Counters
Selected Counters
The Selected Counters table is visible when the port is in one of the
following administrative states:
• Multi 802.1X
• MAC-based Auth.
The table is identical to and is placed next to the Port Counters table, and
will be empty if no MAC address is currently selected. To populate the table,
select one of the attached MAC Addresses from the table below.
Attached MAC Addresses
Identity
Shows the identity of the supplicant, as received in the Response Identity
EAPOL frame.
Clicking the link causes the supplicant's EAPOL and Backend Server
counters to be shown in the Selected Counters table. If no supplicants are
attached, it shows No supplicants attached.
This column is not available for MAC-based Auth.
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MAC Address
For Multi 802.1X, this column holds the MAC address of the attached
supplicant.For MAC-based Auth., this column holds the MAC address of the
attached client.
Clicking the link causes the client's Backend Server counters to be shown
in the Selected Counters table. If no clients are attached, it shows No
clients attached.
VLAN ID
This column holds the VLAN ID that the corresponding client is currently
secured through the Port Security module.
State
The client can either be authenticated or unauthenticated. In the
authenticated state, it is allowed to forward frames on the port, and in the
unauthenticated state, it is blocked. As long as the backend server hasn't
successfully authenticated the client, it is unauthenticated. If an
authentication fails for one or the other reason, the client will remain in the
unauthenticated state for Hold Time seconds.
Last Authentication
Shows the date and time of the last authentication of the client (successful
as well as unsuccessful).
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3-6 AAA
This section shows you to use an AAA (Authentication, Authorization,
Accounting) server to provide access control to your network. The AAA
server can be a TACACS+ or RADIUS server to create and manage objects
that contain settings for using AAA servers.
3-6.1 Configuration
This section describes how to configure AAA setting of TACACS+ or
RADIUS server.
Web Interface
To configure a Common Configuration of AAA in the web interface:
1. Set Timeout (Default is 15 seconds).
2. Set Dead Time (Default is 300 seconds).
To configure a TACACS+ Authorization and Accounting Configuration of
AAA in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Authorization.
2. Select “Enabled” in the Failback to Local Authorization.
3. Select “Enabled” in the Account.
To configure a RADIUS Authentication Server Configuration of AAA in the
web interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Check “Enabled”.
Specify IP address or Hostname for Radius Server.
Specify Authentication Port for Radius Server (Default is 1812).
Specify the Secret with Radius Server.
To configure a RADIUS Accounting Server Configuration of AAA in the web
interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Check “Enabled”.
Specify IP address or Hostname for Radius Server.
Specify Accounting Port for Radius Server (Default is 1813).
Specify the Secret with Radius Server.
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To configure a TACACS+ Authentication Server Configuration of AAA in the
web interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Check “Enabled”.
Specify IP address or Hostname for TACACS+ Server.
Specify Authentication Port for TACACS+ Server (Default is 49).
Specify the Secret with TACACS+ Server.
Parameter description:
Timeout
The Timeout, which can be set to a number between 3 and 3600 seconds,
is the maximum time to wait for a reply from a server.
If the server does not reply within this timeframe, we will consider it to be
dead and continue with the next enabled server (if any).
RADIUS servers are using the UDP protocol, which is unreliable by design.
In order to cope with lost frames, the timeout interval is divided into 3
subintervals of equal length. If a reply is not received within the subinterval,
the request is transmitted again. This algorithm causes the RADIUS server
to be queried up to 3 times before it is considered to be dead.
Dead Time
The Dead Time, which can be set to a number between 0 and 3600
seconds, is the period during which the switch will not send new requests to
a server that has failed to respond to a previous request. This will stop the
switch from continually trying to contact a server that it has already
determined as dead.
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Setting the Dead Time to a value greater than 0 (zero) will enable this
feature, but only if more than one server has been configured.
RADIUS Authentication Server Configuration
The table has one row for each RADIUS Authentication Server and a
number of columns, which are:
#
The RADIUS Authentication Server number for which the configuration
below applies.
Enabled
Enable the RADIUS Authentication Server by checking this box.
IP Address/Hostname
The IP address or hostname of the RADIUS Authentication Server. IP
address is expressed in dotted decimal notation.
Port
The UDP port to use on the RADIUS Authentication Server. If the port is set
to 0 (zero), the default port (1812) is used on the RADIUS Authentication
Server.
Secret
The secret - up to 29 characters long - shared between the RADIUS
Authentication Server and the switch stack.
RADIUS Accounting Server Configuration
The table has one row for each RADIUS Accounting Server and a number
of columns, which are:
#
The RADIUS Accounting Server number for which the configuration below
applies.
Enabled
Enable the RADIUS Accounting Server by checking this box.
IP Address/Hostname
The IP address or hostname of the RADIUS Accounting Server. IP address
is expressed in dotted decimal notation.
Port
The UDP port to use on the RADIUS Accounting Server. If the port is set to
0 (zero), the default port (1813) is used on the RADIUS Accounting Server.
Secret
The secret - up to 29 characters long - shared between the RADIUS
Accounting Server and the switch stack.
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TACACS+ Authentication Server Configuration
The table has one row for each TACACS+ Authentication Server and a
number of columns, which are:
#
The TACACS+ Authentication Server number for which the configuration
below applies.
Enabled
Enable the TACACS+ Authentication Server by checking this box.
IP Address/Hostname
The IP address or hostname of the TACACS+ Authentication Server. IP
address is expressed in dotted decimal notation.
Port
The TCP port to use on the TACACS+ Authentication Server. If the port is
set to 0 (zero), the default port (49) is used on the TACACS+ Authentication
Server.
Secret
The secret - up to 29 characters long - shared between the TACACS+
Authentication Server and the switch stack.
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3-6.2 Radius Overview
This section shows you an overview of the RADIUS Authentication and
Accounting servers status to ensure the function is workable.
Web Interface
To configure a RADIUS Overview Configuration in the web interface:
1. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
#
The RADIUS server number. Click to navigate to detailed statistics for this
server.
IP Address
The IP address and UDP port number (in &lt;IP Address&gt;:&lt;UDP Port&gt;
notation) of this server.
State
The current state of the server. This field takes one of the following values:
Disabled: The server is disabled.
Not Ready: The server is enabled, but IP communication is not yet up and
running.
Ready: The server is enabled, IP communication is up and running, and the
RADIUS module is ready to accept access attempts.
Dead (X seconds left): Access attempts were made to this server, but it did
not reply within the configured timeout. The server has temporarily been
disabled, but will get re-enabled when the dead-time expires. The number
of seconds left before this occurs is displayed in parentheses. This state is
only reachable when more than one server is enabled.
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RADIUS Accounting Servers
#
The RADIUS server number. Click to navigate to detailed statistics for this
server.
IP Address
The IP address and UDP port number (in &lt;IP Address&gt;:&lt;UDP Port&gt;
notation) of this server.
State
The current state of the server. This field takes one of the following values:
Disabled: The server is disabled.
Not Ready: The server is enabled, but IP communication is not yet up and
running.
Ready: The server is enabled, IP communication is up and running, and the
RADIUS module is ready to accept accounting attempts.
Dead (X seconds left): Accounting attempts were made to this server, but it
did not reply within the configured timeout. The server has temporarily been
disabled, but will get re-enabled when the dead-time expires. The number
of seconds left before this occurs is displayed in parentheses. This state is
only reachable when more than one server is enabled.
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3-6.3 Radius Detalls
This section shows you an detailed statistics of the RADIUS Authentication
and Accounting servers. The statistics map closely to those specified in
RFC4668 - RADIUS Authentication Client MIB.
Web Interface
To configure a RADIUS Details Configuration in the web interface:
1. Specify Port which want to check.
2. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
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3-7 Port Security
This section shows you to to configure the Port Security settings of the
Switch. You can use the Port Security feature to restrict input to an interface
by limiting and identifying MAC addresses.
3-7.1 Limit Control
This section shows you to to configure the Port Security settings of the
Switch. You can use the Port Security feature to restrict input to an interface
by limiting and identifying MAC addresses.
Web Interface
To configure a System Configuration of Limit Control in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of System Configuration.
2. Checked Aging Enabled.
3. Set Aging Period (Default is 3600 seconds).
To configure a Port Configuration of Limit Control in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of Port Configuration.
2. Specify the maximum number of MAC addresses in the Limit of Port
Configuration.
3. Set Ation (Trap, Shutdown, Trap &amp; Shutdown)
4. Click Save.
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Parameter description:
System Configuration
Mode
Indicates if Limit Control is globally enabled or disabled on the switchstack.
If globally disabled, other modules may still use the underlying functionality,
but limit checks and corresponding actions are disabled.
Aging Enabled
If checked, secured MAC addresses are subject to aging as discussed
under Aging Period .
Aging Period
If Aging Enabled is checked, then the aging period is controlled with this input.
If other modules are using the underlying port security for securing MAC
addresses, they may have other requirements to the aging period. The
underlying port security will use the shorter requested aging period of all
modules that use the functionality.
The Aging Period can be set to a number between 10 and 10,000,000
seconds.
To understand why aging may be desired, consider the following scenario:
Suppose an end-host is connected to a 3rd party switch or hub, which in turn
is connected to a port on this switch on which Limit Control is enabled. The
end-host will be allowed to forward if the limit is not exceeded. Now suppose
that the end-host logs off or powers down. If it wasn't for aging, the end-host
would still take up resources on this switch and will be allowed to forward. To
overcome this situation, enable aging. With aging enabled, a timer is started
once the end-host gets secured. When the timer expires, the switch starts
looking for frames from the end-host, and if such frames are not seen within
the next Aging Period, the end-host is assumed to be disconnected, and the
corresponding resources are freed on the switch.
Port Configuration
The table has one row for each port on the selected switch in the stack and
a number of columns, which are:
Port
The port number to which the configuration below applies.
Mode
Controls whether Limit Control is enabled on this port. Both this and the
Global Mode must be set to Enabled for Limit Control to be in effect. Notice
that other modules may still use the underlying port security features
without enabling Limit Control on a given port.
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Limit
The maximum number of MAC addresses that can be secured on this port.
This number cannot exceed 1024. If the limit is exceeded, the
corresponding action is taken.
The stackswitch is &quot;born&quot; with a total number of MAC addresses from which
all ports draw whenever a new MAC address is seen on a Port Securityenabled port. Since all ports draw from the same pool, it may happen that a
configured maximum cannot be granted, if the remaining ports have already
used all available MAC addresses.
Action
If Limit is reached, the switch can take one of the following actions:
None: Do not allow more than Limit MAC addresses on the port, but take no
further action.
Trap: If Limit + 1 MAC addresses is seen on the port, send an SNMP trap. If
Aging is disabled, only one SNMP trap will be sent, but with Aging enabled,
new SNMP traps will be sent everytime the limit gets exceeded.
Shutdown: If Limit + 1 MAC addresses is seen on the port, shut down the
port. This implies that all secured MAC addresses will be removed from the
port, and no new address will be learned. Even if the link is physically
disconnected and reconnected on the port (by disconnecting the cable), the
port will remain shut down. There are three ways to re-open the port:
1) Boot the stack or elect a new masterthe switch,
2) Disable and re-enable Limit Control on the port or the stackswitch,
3) Click the Reopen button.
Trap &amp; Shutdown: If Limit + 1 MAC addresses is seen on the port, both the
&quot;Trap&quot; and the &quot;Shutdown&quot; actions described above will be taken.
State
This column shows the current state of the port as seen from the Limit
Control's point of view. The state takes one of four values:
Disabled: Limit Control is either globally disabled or disabled on the port.
Ready: The limit is not yet reached. This can be shown for all actions.
Limit Reached: Indicates that the limit is reached on this port. This state can
only be shown if Action is set to None or Trap.
Shutdown: Indicates that the port is shut down by the Limit Control module.
This state can only be shown if Action is set to Shutdown or Trap &amp;
Shutdown.
Re-open Button
If a port is shutdown by this module, you may reopen it by clicking this
button, which will only be enabled if this is the case. For other methods,
refer to Shutdown in the Action section.
Note that clicking the reopen button causes the page to be refreshed, so
non-committed changes will be lost
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3-7.2 Switch Status
This section shows the Port Security status. Port Security is a module with
no direct configuration. Configuration comes indirectly from other modules the user modules. When a user module has enabled port security on a port,
the port is set-up for software-based learning. In this mode, frames from
unknown MAC addresses are passed on to the port security module, which
in turn asks all user modules whether to allow this new MAC address to
forward or block it. For a MAC address to be set in the forwarding state, all
enabled user modules must unanimously agree on allowing the MAC
address to forward. If only one chooses to block it, it will be blocked until
that user module decides otherwise.
The status page is divided into two sections - one with a legend of user
modules and one with the actual port status.
Web Interface
To configure a Port Security Switch Status Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Checked “Auto-reflash”
.
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Parameter description:
User Module Legend
The legend shows all user modules that may request Port Security services.
User Module Name
The full name of a module that may request Port Security services.
Abbr
A one-letter abbreviation of the user module. This is used in the Users
column in the port status table.
Port Status
The table has one row for each port on the selected switch in the stack and
a number of columns, which are:
Port
The port number for which the status applies. Click the port number to see
the status for this particular port.
Users
Each of the user modules has a column that shows whether that module
has enabled Port Security or not. A '-' means that the corresponding user
module is not enabled, whereas a letter indicates that the user module
abbreviated by that letter (see Abbr) has enabled port security.
State
Shows the current state of the port. It can take one of four values:
Disabled: No user modules are currently using the Port Security service.
Ready: The Port Security service is in use by at least one user module, and
is awaiting frames from unknown MAC addresses to arrive.
Limit Reached: The Port Security service is enabled by at least the Limit
Control user module, and that module has indicated that the limit is
reached and no more MAC addresses should be taken in.
Shutdown: The Port Security service is enabled by at least the Limit Control
user module, and that module has indicated that the limit is exceeded. No
MAC addresses can be learned on the port until it is administratively reopened on the Limit Control configuration Web-page.
MAC Count (Current, Limit)
The two columns indicate the number of currently learned MAC addresses
(forwarding as well as blocked) and the maximum number of MAC
addresses that can be learned on the port, respectively.
If no user modules are enabled on the port, the Current column will show a
dash (-).
If the Limit Control user module is not enabled on the port, the Limit column
will show a dash (-).
Indicates the number of currently learned MAC addresses (forwarding as
well as blocked) on the port. If no user modules are enabled on the port, a
dash (-) will be shown.
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3-7.3 Port Status
This section shows the MAC addresses secured by the Port Security
module. Port Security is a module with no direct configuration.
Configuration comes indirectly from other modules - the user modules.
When a user module has enabled port security on a port, the port is set-up
for software-based learning. In this mode, frames from unknown MAC
addresses are passed on to the port security module, which in turn asks all
user modules whether to allow this new MAC address to forward or block it.
For a MAC address to be set in the forwarding state, all enabled user
modules must unanimously agree on allowing the MAC address to forward.
If only one chooses to block it, it will be blocked until that user module
decides otherwise.
Web Interface
To configure a Port Security Switch Status Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Specify the Port which you want to monitor
2. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
MAC Address &amp; VLAN ID
The MAC address and VLAN ID that is seen on this port. If no MAC
addresses are learned, a single row stating &quot;No MAC addresses attached&quot;
is displayed.
State
Indicates whether the corresponding MAC address is blocked or forwarding.
In the blocked state, it will not be allowed to transmit or receive traffic.
Time of Addition
Shows the date and time when this MAC address was first seen on the port.
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Age/Hold
If at least one user module has decided to block this MAC address, it will
stay in the blocked state until the hold time (measured in seconds) expires.
If all user modules have decided to allow this MAC address to forward, and
aging is enabled, the Port Security module will periodically check that this
MAC address still forwards traffic. If the age period (measured in seconds)
expires and no frames have been seen, the MAC address will be removed
from the MAC table. Otherwise a new age period will begin.
If aging is disabled or a user module has decided to hold the MAC address
indefinitely, a dash (-) will be shown.
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3-8 Acess Management
This section shows you to configure access management table of the
Switch including HTTP/HTTPS, SNMP, and TELNET/SSH. You can manage
the Switch over an Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.
3-8.1 Configuration
This section shows you how to configure access management table of the
Switch. The maximum entry number is 16. If the application's type match
any one of the access management entries, it will allow access to the
switch.
Web Interface
To configure a Access Management Configuration in the web interface:
Select “Enabled” in the Mode of Access Management Configuration.
Click “Add new entry”.
Specify the Start IP Address, End IP Address.
Checked Access Managemnet method (HTTP/HTTPS, SNMP,
and TELNET/SSH) in the entry.
5. Click Save.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Parameter description:
Mode
Indicates the access management mode operation. Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable access management mode operation.
Disabled: Disable access management mode operation.
Delete
Check to delete the entry. It will be deleted during the next save.
Start IP address
Indicates the start IP address for the access management entry.
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End IP address
Indicates the end IP address for the access management entry.
HTTP/HTTPS
Indicates that the host can access the switch from HTTP/HTTPS interface if
the host IP address matches the IP address range provided in the entry.
SNMP
Indicates that the host can access the switch from SNMP interface if the
host IP address matches the IP address range provided in the entry.
TELNET/SSH
Indicates that the host can access the switch from TELNET/SSH interface if
the host IP address matches the IP address range provided in the entry.
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3-8.2 Configuration
This section shows you an detailed statistics of the Access Management
including HTTP, HTTPS, SSH. TELNET, ans SSH.
Web Interface
To configure an Assess ManagementConfiguration in the web interface:
1. Checked “Auto-reflash”.
Parameter description:
Interface
The interface type through which the remote host can access the switch.
Received Packets
Number of received packets from the interface when access management
mode is enabled.
Allowed Packets
Number of allowed packets from the interface when access management
mode is enabled
Discarded Packets.
Number of discarded packets from the interface when access management
mode is enabled.
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3-9 SSH
This section shows you to use SSH (Secure SHell) to securely access the
Switch. SSH is a secure communication protocol that combines
authentication and data encryption to provide secure encrypted
communication.
Web Interface
To configure a SSH Configuration in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of SSH Configuration.
2. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Mode
Indicates the SSH mode operation. Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable SSH mode operation.
Disabled: Disable SSH mode operation.
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3-10 HTTPs
This section shows you how to use HTTPS to securely access the Switch.
HTTPS is a secure communication protocol that combines authentication
and data encryption to provide secure encrypted communication via the
browser.
Web Interface
To configure a HTTPS Configuration in the web interface:
1. Select “Enabled” in the Mode of HTTPS Configuration.
2. Select “Enabled” in the Automatic Redirect of HTTPS Configuration.
3. Click Save.
Parameter description:
Mode
Indicates the HTTPS mode operation. Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable HTTPS mode operation.
Disabled: Disable HTTPS mode operation.
Automatic Redirect
Indicates the HTTPS redirect mode operation. Automatically redirect web
browser to HTTPS when HTTPS mode is enabled. Possible modes are:
Enabled: Enable HTTPS redirect mode operation.
Disabled: Disable HTTPS redirect mode operation.
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3-11 Auth Method
This page shows how to configure a user with authenticated when he logs
into the switch via one of the management client interfaces.
Web Interface
To configure a Authentication Method Configuration in the web interface:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Specify the Client (console, telent, ssh, web) which you want to monitor.
Specify the Authentication Method (none,local, radius, tacacs+)
Checked Fallback.
Click Save.
Parameter description:
Client
The management client for which the configuration below applies.
Authentication Method
Authentication Method can be set to one of the following values:
•
•
•
•
none : authentication is disabled and login is not possible.
local : use the local user database on the switch stack for
authentication.
radius : use a remote RADIUS server for authentication.
tacacs+ : use a remote TACACS+ server for authentication.
Fallback
Enable fallback to local authentication by checking this box.
If none of the configured authentication servers are alive, the local user
database is used for authentication.
This is only possible if the Authentication Method is set to a value other than
'none' or 'local'.
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4. Maintenance
This chapter describes all of the switch Maintenance configuration
tasks to enhance the performance of local network including Restart
Device, Firmware upgrade, Save/Restore, Import/Export, and
Diagnostics.
4-1 Restart Device
This section describes how to restart switch for any maintenance needs.
Any configuration files or scripts that you saved in the switch should still be
available afterwards.
Web Interface
To configure a Restart Device Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Restart Device.
2. Click Yes.
Parameter description:
Restart Device
You can restart the stack switch on this page. After restart, the stack switch
will boot normally.
233
4-2 Firmware Upgrade
This section describes how to upgrade Firmware. The Switch can be
enhanced with more value-added functions by installing firmware upgrades.
Web Interface
To configure a Firmware Upgrade Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Browser to select firmware in you device.
2. Click Upload.
Parameter description:
This page facilitates an update of the firmware controlling the stack. switch.
Uploading software will update all managed switches in the stack.
Force Cool Restart
Uncheck &quot;Force Cool Restart&quot; if you want to perform a warm restart of the
stack switch after the software upload.
Check &quot;Force Cool Restart&quot; if you want to simulate a power-on (cold restart)
of the stack switch after the software upload.
Warning: Forcing a cool restart will affect the traffic going through the stack.
switch.
to the location of a software image and click
.
After the software image is uploaded, a page announces that the firmware
update is initiated. After about a minute, the firmware is updated and all
managed switches in the stack restart. the switch restarts.
Warning: While the firmware is being updated, Web access appears to be
defunct. The front LED flashes Green/Off with a frequency of 10 Hz while
the firmware update is in progress. Do not restart or power off the device at
this time or the switch may fail to function afterwards
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4-3 Save / Restore
This section describes how to save and restore the Switch configuration
including reset to Factory Defaults, Save Start, Save Users, Restore Users
for any maintenance needs.
4-3.1 Factory Defaults
This section describes how to reset the Switch configuration to Factory
Defaults. Any configuration files or scripts will recover to factory default
values.
Web Interface
To configure a Factory Defaults Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Factory Defaults.
2. Click Yes.
Parameter description:
You can reset the configuration of the stack switch on this page. Only the IP
configuration is retained.
The new configuration is available immediately, which means that no restart
is necessary.
: Click to reset the configuration to Factory Defaults.
: Click to return to the Port State page without resetting the configuration.
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4-3.2 Save Start
This section describes how to save the Switch Start configuration.
Any current configuration files will be saved as XML format.
Web Interface
To configure a Save Start Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Save Start.
2. Click Yes.
Parameter description:
You can save/view or load the switch configuration. The configuration file is
in XML format with a hierarchy of tags
236
4-3.3 Save User
This section describes how to save users information. Any current
configuration files will be saved as XML format.
Web Interface
To configure a Save User Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Save User.
2. Click Yes.
Parameter description:
You can save/view or load the switch configuration. The configuration file is
in XML format with a hierarchy of tags
237
4-3.4 Restore User
This section describes how to restore users information back to the switch.
Any current configuration files will be restored via XML format.
Web Interface
To configure a Restore User Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Restore User.
2. Click Yes.
Parameter description:
You can save/view or load the switch configuration. The configuration file is
in XML format with a hierarchy of tags
238
4-4 Export / Import
This section describes how to export and import the Switch configuration.
Any current configuration files will be exported as XML format.
4-4.1 Export Config
This section describes to export the Swith Configuration for maintenance
needs. Any current configuration files will be exported as XML format.
Web Interface
To configure a Export Config Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Save configuration.
2. Save the file in your device.
Parameter description:
You can save/view or load the switch configuration. The configuration file is
in XML format with a hierarchy of tags
239
4-4.2 Import Config
This section describes to export the Swith Configuration for maintenance
needs. Any current configuration files will be exported as XML format.
Web Interface
To configure an Import Config Configuration in the web interface:
1. Chick Browser to select the config file in you device.
2. Click Upload.
Parameter description:
You can save/view or load the switch configuration. The configuration file is
in XML format with a hierarchy of tags
240
4-5 Diagmostics
This section provides a set of basic system diagnosis. It let users know that
whether the system is health or needs to be fixed. The basic system check
includes ICMP Ping, ICMPv6, and VeriPHY Cable Diagnostics.
4-5.1 Ping
This section allows you to issue ICMP PING packets to troubleshoot IPv6
connectivity issues.
Web Interface
To configure an ICMP PING Configuration in the web interface:
1.Specify ICMP PING IP Address.
2.Specify ICMP PING Size.
3.Click Start.
Parameter description:
After you press , 5 ICMP packets are transmitted, and the sequence
number and roundtrip time are displayed upon reception of a reply. The
page refreshes automatically until responses to all packets are received, or
until a timeout occurs.
PING6 server ::10.10.132.20
64 bytes from ::10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=0, time=0ms
64 bytes from ::10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=1, time=0ms
64 bytes from ::10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=2, time=0ms
64 bytes from ::10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=3, time=0ms
64 bytes from ::10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=4, time=0ms
Sent 5 packets, received 5 OK, 0 bad
241
Link OAM MIB Retrieve
This page allows you to retrieve the Local or Remote OAM MIB variable
data on a particular port. Select the appropriate Radio button to retrieve the
content of interest, Enter the Port number for the switch. Click on Start to
retrieve the content.
242
4-5.2 Ping6
This section allows you to issue ICMPv6 PING packets to troubleshoot IPv6
connectivity issues.
Web Interface
To configure an ICMPv6 PING Configuration in the web interface:
1.Specify ICMPv6 PING IP Address.
2.Specify ICMPv6 PING Size.
3.Click Start.
Parameter description:
After you press , 5 ICMPv6 packets are transmitted, and the sequence
number and roundtrip time are displayed upon reception of a reply. The
page refreshes automatically until responses to all packets are received, or
until a timeout occurs.
PING server 10.10.132.20
64 bytes from 10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=0, time=0ms
64 bytes from 10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=1, time=0ms
64 bytes from 10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=2, time=0ms
64 bytes from 10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=3, time=0ms
64 bytes from 10.10.132.20: icmp_seq=4, time=0ms
Sent 5 packets, received 5 OK, 0 bad
You can configure the following properties of the issued ICMP packets:
IP Address
The destination IP Address.
Ping Size
The payload size of the ICMP packet. Values range from 8 bytes to 1400
bytes.
243
4-5.3 VeriPHY
This section is used for running the VeriPHY Cable Diagnostics. Press to
run the diagnostics. This will take approximately 5 seconds. If all ports are
selected, this can take approximately 15 seconds. When completed, the
page refreshes automatically, and you can view the cable diagnostics
results in the cable status table. Note that VeriPHY is only accurate for
cables of length 7 -140 meters.10 and 100 Mbps ports will be linked down
while running VeriPHY. Therefore, running VeriPHY on a 10 or 100 Mbps
management port will cause the switch to stop responding until VeriPHY is
complete.
Web Interface
To configure a VeriPHY Cable Diagnostics Configuration in the web
interface:
1. Specify Port which want to check.
2. Click Start.
Parameter description:
Port
The port where you are requesting VeriPHY Cable Diagnostics.
Cable Status
Port: Port number.
Pair: The status of the cable pair.
Length: The length (in meters) of the cable pair.
244
B.Glossary of Web-based
Management
A
ACE
ACE is an acronym for Access Control Entry. It describes access
permission associated with a particular ACE ID.
There are three ACE frame types (Ethernet Type, ARP, and IPv4) and two
ACE actions (permit and deny). The ACE also contains many detailed,
different parameter options that are available for individual application.
ACL
ACL is an acronym for Access Control List. It is the list table of ACEs,
containing access control entries that specify individual users or groups
permitted or denied to specific traffic objects, such as a process or a
program.
Each accessible traffic object contains an identifier to its ACL. The
privileges determine whether there are specific traffic object access rights.
ACL implementations can be quite complex, for example, when the ACEs
are prioritized for the various situation. In networking, the ACL refers to a list
of service ports or network services that are available on a host or server,
each with a list of hosts or servers permitted or denied to use the service.
ACL can generally be configured to control inbound traffic, and in this
context, they are similar to firewalls.
There are 3 web-pages associated with the manual ACL configuration:
ACL|Access Control List: The web page shows the ACEs in a prioritized
way, highest (top) to lowest (bottom). Default the table is empty. An ingress
frame will only get a hit on one ACE even though there are more matching
ACEs. The first matching ACE will take action (permit/deny) on that frame
and a counter associated with that ACE is incremented. An ACE can be
associated with a Policy, 1 ingress port, or any ingress port (the whole
switch). If an ACE Policy is created then that Policy can be associated with
a group of ports under the &quot;Ports&quot; web-page. There are number of
parameters that can be configured with an ACE. Read the Web page help
text to get further information for each of them. The maximum number of
ACEs is 64.
ACL|Ports: The ACL Ports configuration is used to assign a Policy ID to an
ingress port. This is useful to group ports to obey the same traffic rules.
Traffic Policy is created under the &quot;Access Control List&quot; - page. You can you
also set up specific traffic properties (Action / Rate Limiter / Port copy, etc)
for each ingress port. They will though only apply if the frame gets past the
ACE matching without getting matched. In that case a counter associated
with that port is incremented. See the Web page help text for each specific
port property.
ACL|Rate Limiters: Under this page you can configure the rate limiters.
There can be 15 different rate limiters, each ranging from 1-1024K packets
per seconds. Under &quot;Ports&quot; and &quot;Access Control List&quot; web-pages you can
assign a Rate Limiter ID to the ACE(s) or ingress port(s).
AES
AES is an acronym for Advanced Encryption Standard. The encryption key
protocol is applied in 802.1i standard to improve WLAN security. It is an
encryption standard by the U.S. government, which will replace DES and
3DES. AES has a fixed block size of 128 bits and a key size of 128, 192, or
256 bits.
APS
APS is an acronym for Automatic Protection Switching. This protocol is
used to secure that switching is done bidirectional in the two ends of a
protection group, as defined in G.8031.
Aggregation
Using multiple ports in parallel to increase the link speed beyond the limits
of a port and to increase the redundancy for higher availability.
(Also Port Aggregation, Link Aggregation).
ARP
ARP is an acronym for Address Resolution Protocol. It is a protocol that
used to convert an IP address into a physical address, such as an Ethernet
address. ARP allows a host to communicate with other hosts when only the
Internet address of its neighbors is known. Before using IP, the host sends
a broadcast ARP request containing the Internet address of the desired
destination system.
ARP Inspection
ARP Inspection is a secure feature. Several types of attacks can be
launched against a host or devices connected to Layer 2 networks by
&quot;poisoning&quot; the ARP caches. This feature is used to block such attacks.
Only valid ARP requests and responses can go through the switch device.
Auto-Negotiation
Auto-negotiation is the process where two different devices establish the
mode of operation and the speed settings that can be shared by those
devices for a link.
246
C
CC
CC is an acronym for Continuity Check. It is a MEP functionality that is able
to detect loss of continuity in a network by transmitting CCM frames to a
peer MEP.
CCM
CCM is an acronym for Continuity Check Message. It is a OAM frame
transmitted from a MEP to it's peer MEP and used to implement CC
functionality.
CDP
CDP is an acronym for Cisco Discovery Protocol.
D
DEI
DEI is an acronym for Drop Eligible Indicator. It is a 1-bit field in the VLAN
tag.
DES
DES is an acronym for Data Encryption Standard. It provides a complete
description of a mathematical algorithm for encrypting (enciphering) and
decrypting (deciphering) binary coded information.
Encrypting data converts it to an unintelligible form called cipher. Decrypting
cipher converts the data back to its original form called plaintext. The
algorithm described in this standard specifies both enciphering and
deciphering operations which are based on a binary number called a key.
DHCP
DHCP is an acronym for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a
protocol used for assigning dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network.
DHCP used by networked computers (clients) to obtain IP addresses and
other parameters such as the default gateway, subnet mask, and IP
addresses of DNS servers from a DHCP server.
The DHCP server ensures that all IP addresses are unique, for example, no
IP address is assigned to a second client while the first client's assignment
is valid (its lease has not expired). Therefore, IP address pool management
is done by the server and not by a human network administrator.
Dynamic addressing simplifies network administration because the software
keeps track of IP addresses rather than requiring an administrator to
manage the task. This means that a new computer can be added to a
network without the hassle of manually assigning it a unique IP address.
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DHCP Relay
DHCP Relay is used to forward and to transfer DHCP messages between
the clients and the server when they are not on the same subnet domain.
The DHCP option 82 enables a DHCP relay agent to insert specific
information into a DHCP request packets when forwarding client DHCP
packets to a DHCP server and remove the specific information from a
DHCP reply packets when forwarding server DHCP packets to a DHCP
client. The DHCP server can use this information to implement IP address
or other assignment policies. Specifically the option works by setting two
sub-options: Circuit ID (option 1) and Remote ID (option2). The Circuit ID
sub-option is supposed to include information specific to which circuit the
request came in on. The Remote ID sub-option was designed to carry
information relating to the remote host end of the circuit.
The definition of Circuit ID in the switch is 4 bytes in length and the format is
&quot;vlan_id&quot; &quot;module_id&quot; &quot;port_no&quot;. The parameter of &quot;vlan_id&quot; is the first two
bytes represent the VLAN ID. The parameter of &quot;module_id&quot; is the third byte
for the module ID (in standalone switch it always equal 0, in stackable
switch it means switch ID). The parameter of &quot;port_no&quot; is the fourth byte
and it means the port number.
The Remote ID is 6 bytes in length, and the value is equal the DHCP relay
agents MAC address.
DHCP Snooping
DHCP Snooping is used to block intruder on the untrusted ports of the
switch device when it tries to intervene by injecting a bogus DHCP reply
packet to a legitimate conversation between the DHCP client and server.
DNS
DNS is an acronym for Domain Name System. It stores and associates
many types of information with domain names. Most importantly, DNS
translates human-friendly domain names and computer hostnames into
computer-friendly IP addresses. For example, the domain name
www.example.com might translate to 192.168.0.1.
DoS
DoS is an acronym for Denial of Service. In a denial-of-service (DoS) attack,
an attacker attempts to prevent legitimate users from accessing information
or services. By targeting at network sites or network connection, an attacker
may be able to prevent network users from accessing email, web sites,
online accounts (banking, etc.), or other services that rely on the affected
computer.
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Dotted Decimal Notation
Dotted Decimal Notation refers to a method of writing IP addresses using
decimal numbers and dots as separators between octets.
An IPv4 dotted decimal address has the form x.y.z.w, where x, y, z, and w
are decimal numbers between 0 and 255.
DSCP
DSCP is an acronym for Differentiated Services Code Point. It is a field in
the header of IP packets for packet classification purposes.
E
EEE
EEE is an abbreviation for Energy Efficient Ethernet defined in IEEE
802.3az.
EPS
EPS is an abbreviation for Ethernet Protection Switching defined in ITU/T
G.8031.
Ethernet Type
Ethernet Type, or EtherType, is a field in the Ethernet MAC header, defined
by the Ethernet networking standard. It is used to indicate which protocol is
being transported in an Ethernet frame.
F
FTP
FTP is an acronym for File Transfer Protocol. It is a transfer protocol that
uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and provides file writing and
reading. It also provides directory service and security features.
Fast Leave
Multicast snooping Fast Leave processing allows the switch to remove an
interface from the forwarding-table entry without first sending out group
specific queries to the interface. The VLAN interface is pruned from the
multicast tree for the multicast group specified in the original leave message.
Fast-leave processing ensures optimal bandwidth management for all hosts
on a switched network, even when multiple multicast groups are in use
simultaneously. This processing applies to IGMP and MLD.
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H
HTTP
HTTP is an acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is a protocol that
used to transfer or convey information on the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what
actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various
commands. For example, when you enter a URL in your browser, this
actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch
and transmit the requested Web page. The other main standard that
controls how the World Wide Web works is HTML, which covers how Web
pages are formatted and displayed.
Any Web server machine contains, in addition to the Web page files it can
serve, an HTTP daemon, a program that is designed to wait for HTTP
requests and handle them when they arrive. The Web browser is an HTTP
client, sending requests to server machines. An HTTP client initiates a
request by establishing a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection
to a particular port on a remote host (port 80 by default). An HTTP server
listening on that port waits for the client to send a request message.
HTTPS
HTTPS is an acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket
Layer. It is used to indicate a secure HTTP connection.
HTTPS provide authentication and encrypted communication and is widely
used on the World Wide Web for security-sensitive communication such as
payment transactions and corporate logons.
HTTPS is really just the use of Netscape's Secure Socket Layer (SSL) as a
sublayer under its regular HTTP application layering. (HTTPS uses port 443
instead of HTTP port 80 in its interactions with the lower layer, TCP/IP.) SSL
uses a 40-bit key size for the RC4 stream encryption algorithm, which is
considered an adequate degree of encryption for commercial exchange.
I
ICMP
ICMP is an acronym for Internet Control Message Protocol. It is a protocol
that generated the error response, diagnostic or routing purposes. ICMP
messages generally contain information about routing difficulties or simple
exchanges such as time-stamp or echo transactions. For example, the
PING command uses ICMP to test an Internet connection.
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IEEE 802.1X
IEEE 802.1X is an IEEE standard for port-based Network Access Control. It
provides authentication to devices attached to a LAN port, establishing a
point-to-point connection or preventing access from that port if
authentication fails. With 802.1X, access to all switch ports can be centrally
controlled from a server, which means that authorized users can use the
same credentials for authentication from any point within the network.
IGMP
IGMP is an acronym for Internet Group Management Protocol. It is a
communications protocol used to manage the membership of Internet
Protocol multicast groups. IGMP is used by IP hosts and adjacent multicast
routers to establish multicast group memberships. It is an integral part of the
IP multicast specification, like ICMP for unicast connections. IGMP can be
used for online video and gaming, and allows more efficient use of
resources when supporting these uses.
IGMP Querier
A router sends IGMP Query messages onto a particular link. This router is
called the Querier.
IMAP
IMAP is an acronym for Internet Message Access Protocol. It is a protocol
for email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server.
IMAP is the protocol that IMAP clients use to communicate with the servers,
and SMTP is the protocol used to transport mail to an IMAP server.
The current version of the Internet Message Access Protocol is IMAP4. It is
similar to Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3), but offers additional and
more complex features. For example, the IMAP4 protocol leaves your email
messages on the server rather than downloading them to your computer. If
you wish to remove your messages from the server, you must use your mail
client to generate local folders, copy messages to your local hard drive, and
then delete and expunge the messages from the server.
IP
IP is an acronym for Internet Protocol. It is a protocol used for
communicating data across an internet network.
IP is a &quot;best effort&quot; system, which means that no packet of information sent
over is assured to reach its destination in the same condition it was sent.
Each device connected to a Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area
Network (WAN) is given an Internet Protocol address, and this IP address is
used to identify the device uniquely among all other devices connected to
the extended network.
The current version of the Internet protocol is IPv4, which has 32-bits
Internet Protocol addresses allowing for in excess of four billion unique
addresses. This number is reduced drastically by the practice of
webmasters taking addresses in large blocks, the bulk of which remain
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unused. There is a rather substantial movement to adopt a new version of
the Internet Protocol, IPv6, which would have 128-bits Internet Protocol
addresses. This number can be represented roughly by a three with thirtynine zeroes after it. However, IPv4 is still the protocol of choice for most of
the Internet.
IPMC
IPMC is an acronym for IP MultiCast.
IP Source Guard
IP Source Guard is a secure feature used to restrict IP traffic on DHCP
snooping untrusted ports by filtering traffic based on the DHCP Snooping
Table or manually configured IP Source Bindings. It helps prevent IP
spoofing attacks when a host tries to spoof and use the IP address of
another host.
L
LACP
LACP is an IEEE 802.3ad standard protocol. The Link Aggregation Control
Protocol, allows bundling several physical ports together to form a single
logical port.
LLC
The IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC) protocol provides a link
mechanism for upper layer protocols. It is the upper sub-layer of the Data
Link Layer and provides multiplexing mechanisms that make it possible for
several network protocols (IP, IPX) to coexist within a multipoint network.
LLC header consists of 1 byte DSAP (Destination Service Access Point), 1
byte SSAP (Source Service Access Point), 1 or 2 bytes Control field
followed by LLC information.
LLDP
LLDP is an IEEE 802.1ab standard protocol.
The Link Layer Discovery Protocol(LLDP) specified in this standard allows
stations attached to an IEEE 802 LAN to advertise, to other stations
attached to the same IEEE 802 LAN, the major capabilities provided by the
system incorporating that station, the management address or addresses of
the entity or entities that provide management of those capabilities, and the
identification of the stations point of attachment to the IEEE 802 LAN
required by those management entity or entities. The information distributed
via this protocol is stored by its recipients in a standard Management
Information Base (MIB), making it possible for the information to be
accessed by a Network Management System (NMS) using a management
protocol such as the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
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LLDP-MED
LLDP-MED is an extendsion of IEEE 802.1ab and is defined by the
telecommunication industry association (TIA-1057).
LOC
LOC is an acronym for Loss Of Connectivity and is detected by a MEP and
is indicating lost connectivity in the network. Can be used as a switch
criteria by EPS
M
MAC Table
Switching of frames is based upon the DMAC address contained in the
frame. The switch builds up a table that maps MAC addresses to switch
ports for knowing which ports the frames should go to ( based upon the
DMAC address in the frame ). This table contains both static and dynamic
entries. The static entries are configured by the network administrator if the
administrator wants to do a fixed mapping between the DMAC address and
switch ports.
The frames also contain a MAC address ( SMAC address ), which shows
the MAC address of the equipment sending the frame. The SMAC address
is used by the switch to automatically update the MAC table with these
dynamic MAC addresses. Dynamic entries are removed from the MAC
table if no frame with the corresponding SMAC address have been seen
after a configurable age time.
MEP
MEP is an acronym for Maintenance Entity Endpoint and is an endpoint in a
Maintenance Entity Group (ITU-T Y.1731).
MD5
MD5 is an acronym for Message-Digest algorithm 5. MD5 is a message
digest algorithm, used cryptographic hash function with a 128-bit hash
value. It was designed by Ron Rivest in 1991. MD5 is officially defined in
RFC 1321 - The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm.
Mirroring
For debugging network problems or monitoring network traffic, the switch
system can be configured to mirror frames from multiple ports to a mirror
port. (In this context, mirroring a frame is the same as copying the frame.)
Both incoming (source) and outgoing (destination) frames can be mirrored
to the mirror port.
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MLD
MLD is an acronym for Multicast Listener Discovery for IPv6. MLD is used
by IPv6 routers to discover multicast listeners on a directly attached link,
much as IGMP is used in IPv4. The protocol is embedded in ICMPv6
instead of using a separate protocol.
MVR
Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) is a protocol for Layer 2 (IP)-networks
that enables multicast-traffic from a source VLAN to be shared with
subscriber-VLANs.
The main reason for using MVR is to save bandwidth by preventing
duplicate multicast streams being sent in the core network, instead the
stream(s) are received on the MVR-VLAN and forwarded to the VLANs
where hosts have requested it/them(Wikipedia).
N
NAS
NAS is an acronym for Network Access Server. The NAS is meant to act as
a gateway to guard access to a protected source. A client connects to the
NAS, and the NAS connects to another resource asking whether the client's
supplied credentials are valid. Based on the answer, the NAS then allows or
disallows access to the protected resource. An example of a NAS
implementation is IEEE 802.1X.
NetBIOS
NetBIOS is an acronym for Network Basic Input/Output System. It is a
program that allows applications on separate computers to communicate
within a Local Area Network (LAN), and it is not supported on a Wide Area
Network (WAN).
The NetBIOS giving each computer in the network both a NetBIOS name
and an IP address corresponding to a different host name, provides the
session and transport services described in the Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) model.
NFS
NFS is an acronym for Network File System. It allows hosts to mount
partitions on a remote system and use them as though they are local file
systems.
NFS allows the system administrator to store resources in a central location
on the network, providing authorized users continuous access to them,
which means NFS supports sharing of files, printers, and other resources
as persistent storage over a computer network.
NTP
NTP is an acronym for Network Time Protocol, a network protocol for
synchronizing the clocks of computer systems. NTP uses UDP (datagrams)
as transport layer.
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O
OAM
OAM is an acronym for Operation Administration and Maintenance.
It is a protocol described in ITU-T Y.1731 used to implement carrier ethernet
functionality. MEP functionality like CC and RDI is based on this
Optional TLVs.
A LLDP frame contains multiple TLVs
For some TLVs it is configurable if the switch shall include the TLV in the
LLDP frame. These TLVs are known as optional TLVs. If an optional TLVs is
disabled the corresponding information is not included in the LLDP frame.
OUI
OUI is the organizationally unique identifier. An OUI address is a globally
unique identifier assigned to a vendor by IEEE. You can determine which
vendor a device belongs to according to the OUI address which forms the
first 24 bits of a MAC address.
P
PCP
PCP is an acronym for Priority Code Point. It is a 3-bit field storing the
priority level for the 802.1Q frame. It is also known as User Priority.
PHY
PHY is an abbreviation for Physical Interface Transceiver and is the device
that implement the Ethernet physical layer (IEEE-802.3).
PING
ping is a program that sends a series of packets over a network or the
Internet to a specific computer in order to generate a response from that
computer. The other computer responds with an acknowledgment that it
received the packets. Ping was created to verify whether a specific
computer on a network or the Internet exists and is connected.
ping uses Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets. The PING
Request is the packet from the origin computer, and the PING Reply is the
packet response from the target.
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Policer
A policer can limit the bandwidth of received frames. It is located in front of
the ingress queue.
POP3
POP3 is an acronym for Post Office Protocol version 3. It is a protocol for
email clients to retrieve email messages from a mail server.
POP3 is designed to delete mail on the server as soon as the user has
downloaded it. However, some implementations allow users or an
administrator to specify that mail be saved for some period of time. POP
can be thought of as a &quot;store-and-forward&quot; service.
An alternative protocol is Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP). IMAP
provides the user with more capabilities for retaining e-mail on the server
and for organizing it in folders on the server. IMAP can be thought of as a
remote file server.
POP and IMAP deal with the receiving of e-mail and are not to be confused
with the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). You send e-mail with SMTP,
and a mail handler receives it on your recipient's behalf. Then the mail is
read using POP or IMAP. IMAP4 and POP3 are the two most prevalent
Internet standard protocols for e-mail retrieval. Virtually all modern e-mail
clients and servers support both.
Private VLAN
In a private VLAN, communication between ports in that private VLAN is not
permitted. A VLAN can be configured as a private VLAN.
PTP
PTP is an acronym for Precision Time Protocol, a network protocol for
synchronizing the clocks of computer systems.
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Q
QCE
QCE is an acronym for QoS Control Entry. It describes QoS class
associated with a particular QCE ID.
There are six QCE frame types: Ethernet Type, VLAN, UDP/TCP Port,
DSCP, TOS, and Tag Priority. Frames can be classified by one of 4 different
QoS classes: &quot;Low&quot;, &quot;Normal&quot;, &quot;Medium&quot;, and &quot;High&quot; for individual
application.
QCL
QCL is an acronym for QoS Control List. It is the list table of QCEs,
containing QoS control entries that classify to a specific QoS class on
specific traffic objects.
Each accessible traffic object contains an identifier to its QCL. The
privileges determine specific traffic object to specific QoS class.
QL
QL In SyncE this is the Quality Level of a given clock source. This is
received on a port in a SSM indicating the quality of the clock received in
the port.
QoS
QoS is an acronym for Quality of Service. It is a method to guarantee a
bandwidth relationship between individual applications or protocols.
A communications network transports a multitude of applications and data,
including high-quality video and delay-sensitive data such as real-time voice.
Networks must provide secure, predictable, measurable, and sometimes
guaranteed services.
Achieving the required QoS becomes the secret to a successful end-to-end
business solution. Therefore, QoS is the set of techniques to manage
network resources.
R
RARP
RARP is an acronym for Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. It is a
protocol that is used to obtain an IP address for a given hardware address,
such as an Ethernet address. RARP is the complement of ARP.
RADIUS
RADIUS is an acronym for Remote Authentication Dial In User Service. It is
a networking protocol that provides centralized access, authorization and
accounting management for people or computers to connect and use a
network service.
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RDI
RDI is an acronym for Remote Defect Indication. It is a OAM functionallity
that is used by a MEP to indicate defect detected to the remote peer MEP
RSTP
In 1998, the IEEE with document 802.1w introduced an evolution of STP:
the Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, which provides for faster spanning tree
convergence after a topology change. Standard IEEE 802.1D-2004 now
incorporates RSTP and obsoletes STP, while at the same time being
backwards-compatible with STP.
S
SHA
SHA is an acronym for Secure Hash Algorithm. It designed by the National
Security Agency (NSA) and published by the NIST as a U.S. Federal
Information Processing Standard. Hash algorithms compute a fixed-length
digital representation (known as a message digest) of an input data
sequence (the message) of any length.
Shaper
A shaper can limit the bandwidth of transmitted frames. It is located after
the ingress queues.
SMTP
SMTP is an acronym for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is a text-based
protocol that uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and provides a
mail service modeled on the FTP file transfer service. SMTP transfers mail
messages between systems and notifications regarding incoming mail.
SNAP
The SubNetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) is a mechanism for multiplexing,
on networks using IEEE 802.2 LLC, more protocols than can be
distinguished by the 8-bit 802.2 Service Access Point (SAP) fields. SNAP
supports identifying protocols by Ethernet type field values; it also supports
vendor-private protocol identifier.
SNMP
SNMP is an acronym for Simple Network Management Protocol. It is part of
the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol for
network management. SNMP allow diverse network objects to participate in
a network management architecture. It enables network management
systems to learn network problems by receiving traps or change notices
from network devices implementing SNMP.
SNTP
SNTP is an acronym for Simple Network Time Protocol, a network protocol
for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems. SNTP uses UDP
(datagrams) as transport layer.
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SPROUT
Stack Protocol using ROUting Technology. An advanced protocol for almost
instantaneous discovery of topology changes within a stack as well as
election of a master switch. SPROUT also calculates parameters for setting
up each switch to perform shortest path forwarding within the stack.
SSID
Service Set Identifier is a name used to identify the particular 802.11
wireless LANs to which a user wants to attach. A client device will receive
broadcast messages from all access points within range advertising their
SSIDs, and can choose one to connect to based on pre-configuration, or by
displaying a list of SSIDs in range and asking the user to select one
(wikipedia).
SSH
SSH is an acronym for Secure SHell. It is a network protocol that allows
data to be exchanged using a secure channel between two networked
devices. The encryption used by SSH provides confidentiality and integrity
of data over an insecure network. The goal of SSH was to replace the
earlier rlogin, TELNET and rsh protocols, which did not provide strong
authentication or guarantee confidentiality (Wikipedia).
SSM
SSM In SyncE this is an abbreviation for Synchronization Status Message
and is containing a QL indication.
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STP
Spanning Tree Protocol is an OSI layer-2 protocol which ensures a loop
free topology for any bridged LAN. The original STP protocol is now
obsolete by RSTP.
Switch ID
Switch IDs (1-16) are used to uniquely identify the switches within a stack.
The Switch ID of each switch is shown on the display on the front of the
switch and is used widely in the web pages as well as in the CLI commands.
SyncE
SyncE Is an abbreviation for Synchronous Ethernet. This functionality is
used to make a network 'clock frequency' synchronized. Not to be confused
with real time clock synchronized (IEEE 1588).
T
TACACS+
TACACS+ is an acronym for Terminal Acess Controller Access Control
System Plus. It is a networking protocol which provides access control for
routers, network access servers and other networked computing devices
via one or more centralized servers. TACACS+ provides separate
authentication, authorization and accounting services.
Tag Priority
Tag Priority is a 3-bit field storing the priority level for the 802.1Q frame.
TCP
TCP is an acronym for Transmission Control Protocol. It is a
communications protocol that uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to exchange
the messages between computers.
The TCP protocol guarantees reliable and in-order delivery of data from
sender to receiver and distinguishes data for multiple connections by
concurrent applications (for example, Web server and e-mail server)
running on the same host.
The applications on networked hosts can use TCP to create connections to
one another. It is known as a connection-oriented protocol, which means
that a connection is established and maintained until such time as the
message or messages to be exchanged by the application programs at
each end have been exchanged. TCP is responsible for ensuring that a
message is divided into the packets that IP manages and for reassembling
the packets back into the complete message at the other end.
Common network applications that use TCP include the World Wide Web
(WWW), e-mail, and File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
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TELNET
TELNET is an acronym for TELetype NETwork. It is a terminal emulation
protocol that uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and provides a
virtual connection between TELNET server and TELNET client.
TELNET enables the client to control the server and communicate with
other servers on the network. To start a Telnet session, the client user must
log in to a server by entering a valid username and password. Then, the
client user can enter commands through the Telnet program just as if they
were entering commands directly on the server console.
TFTP
TFTP is an acronym for Trivial File Transfer Protocol. It is transfer protocol
that uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and provides file writing and
reading, but it does not provide directory service and security features.
U
UDP
UDP is an acronym for User Datagram Protocol. It is a communications
protocol that uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to exchange the messages
between computers.
UDP is an alternative to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) that uses
the Internet Protocol (IP). Unlike TCP, UDP does not provide the service of
dividing a message into packet datagrams, and UDP doesn't provide
reassembling and sequencing of the packets. This means that the
application program that uses UDP must be able to make sure that the
entire message has arrived and is in the right order. Network applications
that want to save processing time because they have very small data units
to exchange may prefer UDP to TCP.
UDP provides two services not provided by the IP layer. It provides port
numbers to help distinguish different user requests and, optionally, a
checksum capability to verify that the data arrived intact.
Common network applications that use UDP include the Domain Name
System (DNS), streaming media applications such as IPTV, Voice over IP
(VoIP), and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).
User Priority
User Priority is a 3-bit field storing the priority level for the 802.1Q frame. It
is also known as PCP.
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V
VLAN
Virtual LAN. A method to restrict communication between switch ports.
VLANs can be used for the following applications:
VLAN unaware switching: This is the default configuration. All ports are
VLAN unaware with Port VLAN ID 1 and members of VLAN 1. This means
that MAC addresses are learned in VLAN 1, and the switch does not
remove or insert VLAN tags.
VLAN aware switching: This is based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard. All
ports are VLAN aware. Ports connected to VLAN aware switches are
members of multiple VLANs and transmit tagged frames. Other ports are
members of one VLAN, set up with this Port VLAN ID, and transmit
untagged frames.
Provider switching: This is also known as Q-in-Q switching. Ports connected
to subscribers are VLAN unaware, members of one VLAN, and set up with
this unique Port VLAN ID. Ports connected to the service provider are
VLAN aware, members of multiple VLANs, and set up to tag all frames.
Untagged frames received on a subscriber port are forwarded to the
provider port with a single VLAN tag. Tagged frames received on a
subscriber port are forwarded to the provider port with a double VLAN tag.
VLAN ID
VLAN ID is a 12-bit field specifying the VLAN to which the frame belongs.
Voice VLAN
Voice VLAN is VLAN configured specially for voice traffic. By adding the
ports with voice devices attached to voice VLAN, we can perform QoSrelated configuration for voice data, ensuring the transmission priority of
voice traffic and voice quality.
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