Renogy Wanderer 10 Amp 12V/24V Energy Controller Installation and Operating Instructions
Renogy Wanderer 10 Amp 12V/24V is an advanced solar charge controller for off-grid systems. It uses Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technology for efficient battery charging and is compatible with sealed, gel, flooded, and lithium batteries. With a 4-stage charging algorithm, it ensures rapid, efficient, and safe battery charging. It also features self-diagnostics, electronic protections, a backlit LCD screen, integrated USB ports, and a communication port for remote monitoring.
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Wanderer 10A PWM Version 1.0 San Eo SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER Е + - + - + - NUS RS232 E ava “ay RENOGY /\ Important Safety Instructions A\ Please save these instructions. This manual contains important safety, installation, and operating instructions for the charge controller. The following symbols are used throughout the manual: Indicates a potentially dangerous condition. Use extreme caution when performing this task. Indicates a critical procedure for safe and proper operation of the controller Indicates a procedure or function that is important to the safe and proper operation of the controller. E General Safety Information * Read all of the instructions and cautions in the manual before beginning the installation. * There are no serviceable parts for this controller. Do NOT disassemble or attempt to repair the controller. * Make sure all connections going into and from the controller are tight. There may be sparks when making connections, therefore, make sure there are not flammable materials or gases near installation. E Charge Controller Safety NEVER connect the solar panel array to the controller without a battery. Battery must be connected first. This may cause a dangerous occurrence where the controller would experience a high open circuit voltage at the terminals. Ensure input voltage does not exceed 50 VDC to prevent permanent damage. Use the Open Circuit (Voc) to make sure the voltage does not exceed this value when connecting panels together in series. The charge controller should be installed indoors in a well-ventilated, cool, and dry environment. Do NOT allow water to enter the controller. H Battery Safety Do NOT let the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of the battery touch each other. Use only sealed lead-acid, flooded, gel or lithium batteries which must be deep cycle. Explosive battery gases may be present while charging. Be certain there is enough ventilation to release the gases. Be careful when working with large lead acid batteries. Wear eye protection and have fresh water available in case there is contact with the battery acid. Over-charging and excessive gas precipitation may damage the battery plates and activate material shedding on them. Too high of an equalizing charge or too long of one may cause damage. Please carefully review the specific requirements of the battery used in the system. Equalization is carried out only for non-sealed / vented / flooded / wet cell lead acid batteries. Do NOT equalize VRLA type AGM / GEL / LITHIUM batteries UNLESS permitted by battery manufacturer. Connect battery terminals to the charge controller BEFORE connecting the solar panel (s) to the charge controller. NEVER connect solar panels to charge controller until the battery is connected. Table of Contents General Information Identification of Parts Installation Wiring Operation Wanderer Protections Maintenance Fusing Technical Specifications Battery Charging Parameters Dimensions 04 07 07 08 20 21 22 General Information The Wanderer is an advanced charge controller for off-grid solar applications. Integrating highly efficient PWM charging, this controller increases battery life and improves system performance. It can be used for 12V/24V battery banks. The controller is embedded with self-diagnostics and electronic protection functions that prevent damages from installation mistakes or system faults. Key Features Automatically detects 12V or 24V DC system voltages, 10A Charging Capacity Deep Cycle Sealed, Gel and Flooded battery options 4 Stage PWM charging: Bulk, Boost. Float, and Equalization Temperature compensation and correcting the charging and discharging parameters automatically, improving battery lifetime Protection against: overcharging, over current, short-circuit, reverse current and reverse polarity Backlit LCD screen for displaying system operation, diverse load control and error codes Integrated 5V 2A USB ports for extra charging Integrated communication port for remote monitoring Charges over-discharged lithium-ion batteries Negative ground charge controller PWM Technology The Wanderer utilizes Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technology for battery charging. Battery charging is a current based process so controlling the current will control the battery voltage. For the most accurate return of capacity, and for the prevention of excessive gassing pressure, the battery is required to be controlled by specified voltage regulation set points for Absorption, Float, and Equalization charging stages. The charge controller uses automatic duty cycle conversion, creating pulses of current to charge the battery. The duty cycle is proportional to the difference between the sensed battery voltage and the specified voltage regulation set point. Once the battery reached the specified voltage range, pulse current charging mode allows the battery to react and allows for an acceptable rate of charge for the battery level. Four Charging Stages The Wanderer has a 4-stage battery charging algorithm for a rapid, efficient, and safe battery charging. They include: Bulk Charge, Boost Charge, Float Charge, and Equalization. Bulk Charge: This algorithm is used for day to day charging. It uses 100% of available solar power to recharge the battery and is equivalent to constant current. Boost Charge: When the battery has charged to the Boost voltage set-point, it undergoes an absorption stage which is equivalent to constant voltage regulation to prevent heating and excessive gassing in the battery. The Boost time is 120 minutes. Float Charge: After Boost Charge, the controller will reduce the battery voltage to a float voltage set point. Once the battery is fully charged, there will be no more chemical reactions and all the charge current would turn into heat or gas.Because of this, the charge controller will reduce the voltage charge to smaller quantity, while lightly charging the battery. The purpose for this is to offset the power consumption while maintaining a full battery storage capacity. In the event that a load drawn from the battery exceeds the charge current, the controller will no longer be able to maintain the battery to a Float set point and the controller will end the float charge stage and refer back to bulk charging. Equalization: Is carried out every 28 days of the month. It is intentional overcharging of the battery for a controlled period. Certain types of batteries benefit from periodic equalizing charge, which can stir the electrolyte, balance battery voltage and complete chemical reaction. Equalizing charge increases the battery voltage, higher than the standard complement voltage, which gasifies the battery electrolyte. Once equalization is active in the battery charging, it will not exit this stage unless there is adequate charging current from the solar panel. There should be NO load on the batteries when in equalization charging stage. Over-charging and excessive gas precipitation may damage the battery plates and activate material shedding on them. Too high of equalizing charge or for too long may cause damage. Please carefully review the specific requirements of the battery used in the system. Lithium Battery Activation The Wanderer PWM charge controller has a reactivation feature to awaken a sleeping lithium battery. The protection circuit of Li-ion battery will typically turn the battery off and make it unusable if over-discharged. This can happen when storing a Li-ion pack in a discharged state for any length of time as self-discharge would gradually deplete the remaining charge. Without the wake-up feature to activate and charge batteries, these batteries would become unserviceable and the packs would be discarded. The Wanderer will apply a small charge current to activate the protection circuit and if a correct cell voltage can be reached, it starts a normal charge. Identification of Parts Key Parts @ LCD Screen @ Select Button @ Enter Button @ USB Ports ® Load Terminals © Battery Terminals (7 PV Terminals RS232 Communication Port Installation Connect battery terminal wires to the charge controller FIRST, then connect the solar panel(s) to the charge controller. NEVER connect solar panel to charge controller before the battery. Do not over-torque or over tighten the screw terminals. This could potentially break the piece that holds the wire to the charge controller. Refer to the technical specifications for max wire sizes on the controller and for the maximum amperage going through wires. Wiring mM Battery E Solar Panel Mounting Recommendations WARNING Never install the controller in a sealed enclosure with flooded batteries. Gas can accumulate and there is a risk of explosion. 1. Choose Mounting Location—place the controller on a vertical surface protected from direct sunlight, high temperatures, and water. Make sure there is good ventilation. 2. Check for Clearance—verify that there is sufficient room to run wires, as well as clearance above and below the controller for ventilation. The clearance should be at least 6 inches (150mm). 3. Mark Holes 4. Drill Holes 5. Secure the charge controller. LLLLLLLLLLILILIIALA. asomo | $$ $$$ $e tirENOGY + що UNS SVZA 6 inches ; (150mm) Î Î Î Î Î Î cool air After connecting the battery to the charge controller, the controller will turn on automatically. Assuming normal operation, the charge controller will cycle through different displays. The user can adjust some parameters based on the display screen. The user can manually cycle through the display screens by using the “SELECT” and “ENTER” buttons. @ SELECT Cycles forwards through the different display screens. @ ENTER Cycles backwards through the different select screens &Tum the load ON/OFF in the Manual Mode Main Display Main Screen Solar Panel Voltage Charging Current — "Ah. | ic dy" у —> uy = Ev | &#-6 Battery Voltage (csv Load Mode — Load Current | Ana, uy E LCD Indicators Parameter Value Port Battery type Amps/Volts | | и + | Ру] с A! CHG | | ВАТТ, y | | D V +1— System E | © Y 24V||| Voltage — =, | E > => Y E | J | | Solar Panel Battery Load Icon or Value| State Description Solar Panels Charging => | Steady on Battery 3 Bars Flashing | Battery Voltage (16.1V+) Battery Voltage 3 Bars (12.9V- 16.0V) = 2 Bars Battery Voltage (12.5-12.8V) — 1 Bar Battery Voltage (11.6-12.4V) Battery Voltage No Bars (11.5V and below) No Bars Battery Voltage Flashing (10.9V and below) „> y Steady on Load is On Programming Battery Type To enter the battery programming settings hover over the Battery Voltage screen and press down the Enter button. When the battery type starts to flash press the Select button to cycle through the battery types and press Enter to finalize selection. When selecting the Lithium setting the user can change battery voltage from 12V to 24V and select the charging voltage. Battery Type Programming Load Terminal To enter the load programming settings hover over the Load Mode screen and hold the Enter button. When the number starts to flash press the Select button to cycle through the load types and press Enter to finalize selection. | T= | Ic. - 5i=| Е; Setting| Mode Automatic (On/Off) Description The load will tum on at night when the solar panel is no longer producing any power after a short time delay. The load will turn off when the panel starts producing power. 1-14 Time control When the panel is no longer producing power, the load will be ON for 1-14 hours or until the panel starts producing power. Manual In this mode, the user can turn the Load On/Off by pressing the Enter button at any time. Test Used to troubleshoot load terminal (No Time Delay). When voltage is detected load will be off and when no voltage is detected load will be on. 24Hr The load will be on for 24 hours a day. Wanderer Protections Protection Behavior PV Array | When PV short circuit occurs, the controller will Short stop charging. Clear it to resume normal operation Circuit The controller will limit the battery charging PV Over | current to the maximum battery current rating. current | Therefore, an over-sized solar array will not operate at peak power. If the current exceeds the maximum load current Load rating 1.05 times, the controller will disconnect Overload | the load. Overloading must be cleared up by reducing the load and restarting the controller. Fully protected against the load wiring Load short-circuit. Once the load short (more than Short quadruple rate current), the load short protection в will start automatically. After 5 automatic load Circuit | reconnect attempts, the faults must be cleared by restarting the controller. PV The controller will not operate if the PV wires are Reverse | switched. Wire them correctly to resume normal Polarity | Controller operation. Battery | The controller will not operate if the battery wires Reverse | are switched. Wire them correctly to resume Polarity | Normal controller operation. Error Codes Error Number Description EO No error detected E01 Battery over-discharged E02 Battery over-voltage E04 Load short circuit E05 Load overloaded E06 Controller over-temperature E08 PV input over-current E10 PV over-voltage E13 PV reverse polarity E14 Battery reverse polarity Risk of Electric Shock! Make sure that all power is turned off before touching the terminals on the charge controller. For best controller performance, it is recommended that these tasks be performed from time to time. * Check that controller is mounted in a clean, dry, and ventilated area. * Check wiring going into the charge controller and make sure there is no wire damage or wear. * Tighten all terminals and inspect any loose, broken, or burnt up connections. * Check to make sure none of the terminals have any corrosion, insulation damage, high temperature, or any burnt/discoloration marks. Fusing is a recommendation in PV systems to provide a safety measure for connections going from panel to controller and controller to battery. Remember to always use the recommended wire gauge size based on the PV system and the controller. | NEC Maximum Current for different Copper Wire Sizes AWG 16:14 112110: 8 1 6! 4! 2 0 Max. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Current ' 10А 15А | 20A 30A ; 55SA ı PA: 95A 130A:170A Fuse from Controller to Battery Controller to Battery Fuse = Current Rating of Charge Controller Ex. Wanderer 10 = 10A fuse from Controller to Battery Fuse from Solar Panel(s) to Controller Ex. 200W; 2 X 100 W panels Parallel Total Amperage = Isc1 + Isc2 = (5.75A + 5.75A) * 1.56 Fuse = minimum of 11.5 * 1.56 = 17.94= 18A fuse Technical Specifications Description Parameter Nominal Voltage 12V/24V Auto Recognition Rated Charge Current 10A Coefficient Max. PV Input Voltage 50 VDC USB Output 5V, 2A max Self-consumption <10mA Temperature Compensation ‚ -3mV/C/2V Operating Temperature -25 C to +45 C |-31 F to 113 F Storage Temperature -35 С to +80 C | -31 F to 176 F Enclosure IP20 Terminals Up to #12 AWG Weight 0.27 165. Dimensions 4.68 x 2.95 x 1.08 inches Communication RS232 Battery Type Sealed (AGM), Gel, Flooded and Lithium Battery Charging Parameters All the coefficient is referred to 25 °C GEL SEALED !FLOODED! LI(LFP) High Voltage: 154 : 48V ! 16V ! 16V Disconnect Over Voltage 50 15.0 V | 150V ! 150V Reconnect 1 1 ` 1 ` 1 ` Equalization ı I ı 14.6 V ı 14.6 V ı I Voltage ! ! 1 1 14.2V Boost Voltage :14.2V: 14.4V : 14.6V + (User: ! 12.6-16V) Float Voltage 13.8V 13.8V 13.8V -—-- Boost Retum 11324! 132V ! 132v ! 132V Voltage 1 1 1 1 Low Voltage 26 12.6 V 12.6 V 12.6 V Reconnect pe ! ` ` - Discharging ' ' MU ' 10.8 V . 10.88 V + 108V : 108V Limit Voltage ! ! ! ! Equalization i —— 1 2hours : 2hours : — Duration Boost 12 hours: 2 hours 12 hours ! — Duration 1 1 1 1 [0.531in] 13.50mm 13.50mn [0.063in] lo Í R1.60mm [2.421in] [2.953in] 61.50mm 75mm 9900060 [4.685in] 119mm [1.083in] ame | [Jaoooao = SSRENOGY 2775 E. Philadelphia St., Ontario, CA 91761 1-800-330-8678 Renogy reserves the right to change the contents of this manual without notice. ">

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