Agfa Super Silette Instructions

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UCTIONS FOR USE
INSTR
AGFASUPER SILETTE
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DEAR READER,
If you have acquired an Agta Super Silette your enjoyment of it should not
be marred by any difficulties in using it. The few simple instructions which
are set out in this booklet can be quickly learnt in a single careful reading,
trying out for yourself, with the unloaded camera, the operations which are
2
described and illustrated in it. The general view of the camera on page 4,
with its numbers corresponding to the index on the opposite page, will
simplify reference to the names and functions of the various parts.
À tew trial settings of the coupled rangefinder, checked against the actual
measured distances of the object on which the camera is focused, will
quickly convince you how simple to use and how reliable it is.
The 24 x 36-mm. Agfa Super Silette is designed to take 35-mm. miniature
film, both black-and-white and, of course, colour film (Agfacolor).
The Agfa Super Silette is supplied in two models one of which is equipped
with the three-element Agfa Apotar lens in Prontor-SVS shutter whilst the
other is fitted with the four-element Agfa Solinar lens in Synchro-Compur
shutter with Light Value Scale; both lenses are f/3.5-45 mm. miniature
anastigmats of highest correction and utmost sharpness.
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INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF THE AGFA SUPER SILETTE
page
| Exposure Counter . . . . . . 12
2 Rapid Winding Lever . . . . . 13
3 Shutter Release Knob . . . . . 13
4 Accessory Shoe . . . . . . . 36
> Eyepiece of Range- and View-
ringer = К ся ИЕ AE
6 Film Type Indicator . . . . . . 6
7 Rewind Knob . . . . . . . . 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
Inserting the Film . . . . . . 7—10
Range Finding .— . . . . 47%... 15-17
Flash Technique . . . . . . . 35—36
10
11
12
Shutter Speed Scale
Prontor-SVS
Synchro-Compur .
Focusing Lever
Back Lock
Flash Socket 3 mm diam.
Release Knob for Rewind
Diaphragm — Depth-of-Field
Depth-of-Field Table
Table of Light Values
page
25
28
16
/
36
20
page
22—24
38—39
31
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there will never be any doubt
as to what type (or speed) of
film is in the camera.
Fig. 3
To set the indicator, the rewind knob is pulled right out and taken between
index and thumb as shown in Fig. 3. The indicator disc can then be rotated
by the milled edge pointing downwards until the required film designation
appears in the window, for example:
6
8 40 100 160 Col Col Col Col
ASA ASA ASA ASA NT ND RT RD
OPENING THE CAMERA
The back of the Super Silette is opened by sliding the latch plate by its
projecting lip (Fig. 4) in the direction of the arrow. The back will then spring
up and can be opened by the
finger grip provided,
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INSERTING THE CASSETTE
To insert the new cassette—this should be done if possible in subdued
ight—the rewind knob is pulled right out. With the new cassette inserted
the knob is then gently pushed back, rotating it slightly, so as to engage
with the spool of the cassette.
Note :
The rewind knob is rather loose in
its seating.
Fig. 6
THREADING THE FILM
AND PULLING IT TAUT
The narrow end of the film is now
inserted into the spool slot as tar
as the second perforation; the per-
foration must engage with the small
cog on the take-up spool. The take-
up spool is then turned by means
of the milled disc until the film is
pulled taut. Only about 1/3” of the
full width film should project from
the cassette.
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CLOSING
THE CAMERA
Having checked that the
film perforations are en-
gaging cleanly with the
teeth of the lower drive
sprocket the back of the
camera may be closed,
and locked by pressing
with both hands, as shown
in Fig. 8, until the catch
snaps to.
Fig. 8
EXPOSURE COUNTER
Before the first exposure can be
made the film counter must be set
to the zero position.
The inner, milled, ring on the top of
the dial, which is incorporated in the
rapid winding lever, is depressed
with the thumb and rotated anti-
clockwise until the letter À is op-
posite the index line on the rim (see
Fig. 9). Two blank exposures must
Abb. 9 now be made as follows:
Fach time the lever is operated it transports the film by one frame and
at the same time winds the shutter.
12
With the thumb of the right hand
grip the edge of the lever and
swing it firmly round as far as
it will go (Fig. 10).
If the lever is found to be locked it must
be freed by first pressing the shutter
release button.
Caution: In operating the rapid winding
lever do not forget to pull it right to
its stop.
Now depress the shutter release
knob which is beside the counter
dial and repeat once again the
whole operation of winding on
the film and releasing the shut-
ter. The exposure counter is now
set on one stroke ahead of “1”
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Caution: The rewind knob usually rotates as the film is wound on: it must not therefore be
prevented from turning while the lever is operated.
13
DOUBLE AND BLANK EXPOSURE LOCK
The Super Silette has a safeguard against double and blank exposures.
That is to say, it is not possible to make two exposures on the same frame,
and the film cannot be inadvertently fed forward until an exposure has
been made. If therefore it is found that the release button cannot be
pressed, the film must be wound on by operating the rapid winding lever, or
the lever was not moved right up to the stop. This can be remedied, with-
out wasting any film, by again operating the lever as far as it will go.
When it cannot be moved the camera is ready for another exposure.
EXPOSURE
Before making the first exposure, the film should be moved on one frame by
operating the rapid winding lever, so that the exposure counter index now
reads “1” (see page 13).
14
The handling of the shutter fitted to the Agfa Super Silette calls for detailed
explanation since the exposure (determined by the shutter speed and the
relative aperture) is decisive for obtaining negatives of correct density.
Please read carefully the chapter referring to the shutter of your camera
(p. 25 for Prontor-SVS, or p. 28 for Synchro-Compur).
RANGE FINDING
Range finding with the built-in coupled rangefinder is an extremely simple
operation, and is carried out as follows: À glance through the view-finder
eyepiece will reveal that in the middle of the slightly tinted field-of-view
there is a circular central patch of a light blue colour.
This central image, which is the part used for range finding, will at first
appear double, consisting of two overlapping identical images laterally
displaced relatively to one another (see Fig. 11).
15
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Fig. 11 Fig. 12
If the focusing lever 9 on the front of the lens mount (Fig. 2) is now moved
with the middle or index finger of the left hand the overlapping images in
the centre will approach one another and at one position of the focusing
lever will completely coincide (Fig. 12).
At this point the camera lens is automatically focused on that portion of the
subject which is seen in the central blue image. This can be checked by
noting the distance which is now indicated on the distance scale by the
black index mark in the centre of the depth-of-field scale.
16
The focus settings obtained with the rangefinder can be absolutely relied
upon; they entirely eliminate any need for judging distances. When the
camera is used horizontal the images move sideways — with vertical pic-
tures they move up and down.
Here are a few hints:
Cover up for a moment with the finger the front viewfinder window on the
release ao side. It will be found that the image, now all one colour, is
more agreeable, particularly for selecting and studying the subject. By
removing the obstructing finger only when it is desired to use the range-
finder, the advantage is gained of a sudden change of colour in the small
central patch which shows up the double image very clearly.
Moving subjects, such as processions, can be photographed with greater
certainty if the most suitable distance is first of all decided upon, the
distance scale set to this distance, and the subject watched in the range-
finder as it passes into the range of sharp focus. All that one need then
do is to watch the procession in the rangefinder and press the shutter
release at the moment that the two images coincide in the bright central
circle, indicating that the subject is exactly in focus.
17
For horizontal pictures the
camera is held firmly in both
hands as shown, and with the
index finger or middle finger
of the right hand the release
button is pressed down gently
and steadily as far as it will
go. It is important to take up
a firm stance, and not to tilt
the camera sideways.
Viewfinder parallax: The im-
age in the viewfinder shows at
a reduced scale the actual pic-
ture which will appear on the
film. When taking close-ups a
Fig. 13
small error arises from the fact that the view-finder is higher than the
camera lens. In practice this only affects pictures in which the subject is
within about 3-6 feet from the camera. To compensate for this the camera
should be slightly raised when taking horizontal pictures; for vertical pic-
tures it should be turned slightly towards the viewfinder side.
When taking vertical pictures it is most convenient to use the thumb of the
right hand to operate the shutter release.
UNLOADING THE CAMERA
When the exposure counter registers 36, 20, or 18, as the case may be,
there is only enough film left for one exposure. If, in loading, too much film
has been wound up, it may happen that the film cannot be wound on to this
last exposure, the rapid film transport lever coming to a stop before the
end of its travel. In this case, the last exposure has to be sacrificed.
19
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whether it can still be rotated after release of release knob 12. When
this point is reached rewinding should be stopped, for it must be remem-
bered that the processing laboratory has still to develop the film, and
its end must not be allowed to slip into the cassette. The back of the
camera can now be opened as described on page 7. The rewind knob
Is pulled right out to the stop so that the cassette can be removed easily.
It should be placed as soon as possible in a light-tight wrapping, and for
convenience marked “exposed”.
21
DIAPHRAGM - EXPOSURE TIME -DEPTH-OF-FIELD
The diaphragm scale of the Agfa Super Silette shows the following
stop values:
39 - 4. 56 8 11 16. Stops may be set to intermediate half-way positions.
Stop: The choice of stop, or aperture, calls for some more detailed explana-
tion of its function. The light coming from the subject has to pass through
the iris diaphragm. This will allow more or less of the light to pass through,
according to whether it is fully open or closed down, but in any case it
only allows a fraction of the light to reach the film. The apertures cor-
responding to the numbers which appear on the diaphragm ring are so
chosen that, commencing with the aperture f/4, the next smaller aperture
(next higher number) reduces by one half the light which is actually used
in taking the photograph.
Shutter speed: The amount of light needed to photograph any particular
subject on any particular film is definitely fixed. There is a fixed relation-
ship between the shutter speed (or exposure time) and the size of the stop,
22
and in order to maintain this relationship the following rule must be ob-
served: The higher the stop number, the longer must be the exposure time;
the lower the stop number, the shorter the exposure time. For example, it
the exposure table gives an exposure time of 1/39 second at f/8, and it is
necessary to use 1/g second in order to avoid camera shake, then this
shorter exposure time demands a larger stop so as to let through more
light, and the diaphragm scale must therefore be set to 5.6.
Depth-of-field: Similar to the exposure time, the range of sharp definition
in front of, and behind, the distance focused depends on the choice of
the stop number. With a small stop (stopping down) this range of sharp-
ness is considerably enlarged and is known as depth-of-field. Its extent
increases further with the object distance.
The depth-of-field is thus a function of the stop and the subject distance,
and the exact values corresponding to a range of subject distances and
f/numbers are given in the table on pages 38/37.
23
The approximate depth-of-field corresponding to the actual distance on
which the camera is focused can, however, also be read off from the depth-
of-field scale on the focusing ring. Take for example the setting shown in
Fig. 15, page 25, where the camera is focused on 10 feet. The stop numbers
are marked out symmetrically to left and right of the distance index. The
scale shows that if the lens is stopped down to f/8 the range of sharp focus
will extend from the distance which appears opposite 8 on the one side to
that opposite 8 on the other side, viz. from about 6 feet to about 20 feet
The two-point setting is the easiest and quickest practical way of arriving at
the depth-of-field. The index of the diaphragm ring is set on the red dot
between 8 and 11 and the focusing index mark to the red 10 or 30 of the
distance scale. The following data should then be noted:
DIAPHRAGM SETTING PALO Te a ee
eet (near eet to eet
between 8 and 11 30 feet (distant) 15 feet to infinity
24
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Diaphragm Ring
and Index
Setting Lever for Flash Synchronization and Delayed Action
Window and Index Notch for Shutter Speeds
Focusing Lever 25
By rotating the upper milled ring (Fig. 16) the following shutter speeds may
be set against the notch in the small window:
B 1.2 4-8. 15-37 6075 3
It is not possible to set intermediate values.
These figures indicate fractions of a second: thus, for example, 2 = 1/2 sec-
ond, 30 = 1/39 second. The setting B gives time exposures (from a tripod):
so long as the release button continues to be pressed, the shutter remains
open. The B setting must not be used when taking pictures with delayed
action (synchro-lever set to “V”). The shutter is fully syn-
chronized, 1. e. it has a syn-
chro-lever (Fig. 16) which
can be set either to X or M
as desired. The purpose
of these settings Is ex-
plained under the heading
"Flash Technique” (p. 35).
Fig. 16
If the photographer himself wishes to be in the picture, he must set the
synchro-lever to the “V” position, which cocks the delay mechanism.
(Cannot be used with B setting.) This may be done either before or after
winding the shutter. Moreover, should the lever have been set to “V” inad-
vertently, it can be moved back again without setting the delay mechanism
in operation. When set to “V* the delayed action can be used with flash,
but only for X-synchronization. The lever should be returned to the X
setting after each exposure using the delayed action, as a safeguard
against making the next exposure with the delayed action unwittingly in
operation.
27
THE SYNCHRO-COMPUR SHUTTER WITH LIGHT VALUE SCALE
THE MEANING OF LIGHT VALUE
Before commencing for the first time to use a camera with a “Light Value”
shutter the following notes should be very carefully studied, with the
camera at hand, in order that the fullest possible use may be made of the
advantages of the Light Value system. The figures given in this chapter
refer to Fig. 17, page 33.
The correct exposure for a particular subject has in the past been expres-
sed—whether by tables, or exposure meter, or as the result of experience
—in terms of the required shutter speed and stop for a film of given sensi-
tivity. The factor which determines the ultimate density of the negative is
however simply that proportion of the total quantity of light reflected from
the subject which is permitted to reach the film. This factor is completely
determined by the shutter speed and the relative aperture.
It is quite immaterial, so far as correct exposure is concerned, how these
two factors are varied so long as their product remains the same : whether,
in other words, the lens is permitted to pass a high proportion of light (by
using a large stop) for a short time, or whether a longer exposure is given
28
with a smaller stop to pass the same total quantity of light. To simplify
work and allow the use of one value, expressing the quantity of ight In
relatıon to a film of given sensitivity, the Light Value method has been
introduced. By an ingenious coupling of the iris diaphragm ring with the
ring which sets the shutter speed it has now been made impossible, having
once set the shutter to a particular Light Value combination of stop and
shutter speed, to alter this Light Value inadvertently. Any alteration to the
shutter speed automatically adjusts the iris diaphragm to compensate, so
that the Light Value remains unaltered and the same total light reaches
the film.
THE NEW SHUTTER SPEED SCALE
With the introduction of the Light Value scale the shutter speed scale has
been altered from that hitherto customary on between-lens shutters, Be-
cause the speed scale and diaphragm scale are coupled, the successive
speeds have had to be adapted to the factor of 2 by which the effective
aperture increases from one stop to the next. Commencing, therefore, with
1/500 sec., the exposure time is doubled with each successive setting, viz.
1/250, 1/125, 1/60, 1/30, etc. At the same time the spacing of the figures on the
diaphragm scale is now completely uniform,
29
SETTING THE LIGHT VALUE
It 1s of advantage, but not indispensable, to use an exposure meter which
Is already calibrated in Light Values. To set the shutter to the measured
Light Value the small serrated projection 1, on the sprung diaphragm ring is
pressed down towards the camera body and held securely in this position.
The milled shutter speed ring is then rotated with the other hand until
the required Light Value on the red scale 6 comes opposite the red dot 7.
It should be noted that:
Light Values and stops may be set to the intermediate half-way positions
but not shutter speeds. This latter situation may arise if when setting the
shutter speed the beginning or end of the diaphragm scale is reached, and
must be avoided. The step from f/4 to £/3.5, in any case, is only a half stop.
Should it be desired to set shutter speed and stop independently, as
in the past, without using the Light Value, the only precaution necessary
is that the shutter must be set first, and then the stop. As explained above,
the finger grip 1 is pressed back, and the required shutter speed first set
to the black arrow head 4. Then, and not before, the iris diaphragm ring
may be rotated to give the desired stop.
30
The new Synchro Compur shutter has the further advantage that the correct
Light Value corresponding to the combination of shutter speed and stop
to which it has been set can be read off direct opposite the red mark 7.
So long as the lighting conditions remain unaltered this figure may be
used as the basic Light Value setting for any further exposures.
The Light Values of the following Table apply to the time between 3 hours
after sunrise and 3 hours before sunset.
Subject
Bright
Bright sunlight
Medium
Light Value 14
Light Value 13
Dark
Light Value 12
In the shade
Light Value 7—9
Slightly Overcast
Hazy overcast (dull)
13 12 11
12 0 0
11 10 ai AY
6-87 N
These Light Values apply to negative material of 17/14” DIN (ASA Exposure Index 40).
When using material of different sensitivity, increase or reduce the Light Value by
one number for every 3/10° DIN difference.
31
THE USE OF THE SCALES
On the shutter speed ring there are three separate scales:
Red figures: The Light Value scale, graduated from 2-17. The Light Value
is set by rotating the adjoining diaphragm ring until the required figure
comes opposite the red dot 7.
Black figures: These are the shutter speeds, with the revised timings already
explained, viz. 1 2 4 8 15 30 60 125 250 500. These values
represent fractions of a second, e.g.; 2 = 1/2 sec., 60 = 1/4 sec.
Green figures: This is not a setting scale, but is used for calculating Time
exposures. With the shutter speed ring set to B, and the Light Value scale
to one of the lower values 2% to 6, the green figure indicates the length
in seconds of the exposure required, and what stop to use.
If for example the Light Value is set to 3, any of the following combinations
may be used:
4 secs. at 1/2.6 * 8 secs. at f/8 * 15 secs. at f/11 or 30 secs. f/16.
32
Finger grip
for setting the
diaphragm ring
Index mark |
for distance setting
(e. y. 10 feet)
Black figures
— shutter speeds
Index mark for
setting diaphragm
and shutter speeds
Diaphragm scale
Red Light Value
numbers
Red index dot for
setting Light Value
Synchronizing and
delayed action lever
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Finger grip for distance setting and range finding.
33
SHUTTER SPEED — DIAPHRAGM
Assuming that the required exposure — expressed in Light Values — has
been set by means of the diaphragm lever, the coupling of the shutter
speed and diaphragm rings will allow up to five combinations. The more
you approach the beginning or the end of the diaphragm scale when
rotating the shutter speed scale, the smaller is the number of possible
combinations; e. g. Light Value 17 : 1/504 sec. at f/16, or Light Value 3: 1 sec.
at f/4, Good lighting conditions give a high Light Value, poor light a low
Light Value. It therefore remains only to decide which shutter speed and
stop combination is the best to choose, and this naturally depends entirely
on the subject. For landscapes importance will be attached to small stops,
in order to increase depth-of-field; for sports photography, on the other
hand, the shortest possible exposure will be needed to stop movement.
No matter which combination is chosen, there is always the assurance that
the resulting negative will be of the correct density as determined by the
basic Light Value setting.
FLASH SYNCHRONIZATION — DELAYED ACTION
The Synchro Compur shutter fitted to the Super Silette is fully synchronized
and provided with a green lever 8 giving X-synchronization when set to X,
34
al
and M-synchronization when set to M. See the following chapter “Flash-
Technique”.
In addition to these settings, the green lever can be set to V (delayed action
mechanism) so that pictures with selftimer can be taken. When released the
shutter opens with a delay of approx. 10 seconds.
The delayed action can only be set when the shutter is wound, i. e., when
the film has been wound on; it may also be used in conjunction with flash
but for X-synchronization only. The delayed action lever automatically
returns to X after each exposure, and must therefore be re-set each time
it Is required. On no account must it be moved, or the release again
operated, while the delay mechanism is running.
Important! The lever must not be set to “V” unless the shutter has been
wound,
FLASH TECHNIQUE
Commercial flashbulbs differ in their duration of flash, their total light out-
put, and the delay between making contact and firing of flash (firing delay).
These characteristics are all allowed for in fully synchronized shutters.
When shutter is set to X-Synchronization the flash occurs at the instant
that the shutter blades are fully open. It can however only be used with
39
the longer shutter exposures, e. g. 1/25 (or 1/30); flashbulb types recom-
mended for this method are: Philips PF 1 and PF 3 or G.E. No. 1.
M-Synchronization: In contrast to X-synchronization, when the synchro-lever
is set to M the Spey of the shutter blades is delayed by a few milli-
seconds (thousandths of a second), thereby permitting the use of flash with
the shortest exposures. Only the more powertul flashbulbs are suitable for
this method, e. g. Philips PF 1, 14, 25, and 56 or G.E. No. 5 and 11.
Electronic flash units can be used with X-Synchronization only which, how-
ever, allows of taking pictures with the fastest shutter speeds in order to
catch quick movement.
The exposure time and the stop setting in flash photography depend upon
the distance of the subject and the type of flashbulb used, and for this
the instructions issued with the flashbulb must always be followed.
The Super Silette has an accessory shoe on which a flashgun can be
mounted. The plug of the flashgun is then inserted in the flash socket 11
(page 4) on the camera front. If the flashgun is mounted on the Super Silette
by means of a bracket, care must be taken that the rewind release knob
on the bottom of the camera is not inadvertently pressed in by any pro-
lection on the bracket, thus possibly interfering with the film transport.
36
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| If you wish to get your colour transparencies mounted between glasses,
ask your Photodealer for the practical Agfa Slide Frames.
37
DEPTH-OF-FIELD TABLE FOR 45-mm. f/35 AGFA LENSES
Distance Apertures
— feel Ly ERE TEE = 1 | - 56
3 2 10%/4”—3 11/97 2 101/>—3 13/47 210—321/4”
3.3 341/47” —3'67 34”—3 81/47 331/4—371/4”
4 393/47” —423/4” 391/47” —4'3 381/47 —441/9"
5 4'81/47—5 41/47 475/4” —55 4'61/4”—571/4”
6 5’61/9"—6°61/2" 5°6"—6°71/9"" | 5 3%/4”—6 103/4
8 721/77 — 7711)" —=9"2" 691/9 —7 83/14”
10 891/4”—1171/2” 871/22” — 117117 872" —12°103/4"
15 12/41/9”—191” 123/47 —19 101/47 1121/4” —2293/4”
30 — 20111/47—531/9” 201” —59'71/4” 17 83/47 —oo
QO 52'83/4 —co 476” — со 36”11/4"—00
Circle of confusion of diameter 0.03 mm.
The subject distance should be measured from the focal plane
38 (the back edge of the accessory shoe).
= mt = a Ca Сж e:
DEPTH-OF-FIELD TABLE FOR 45-mm. f/35AGFA LENSES
Distance Apertures
— feel — 8 ‘ apra | fg
3. 291/41 —331/” 2814” —3/43/4” > 2168/4" —371)5"
3.5 3/27 —3"108/a" 33/47” —A'1” 9117 —4'5”
4 37" —4'61/+” 351/47 —4'91/9” 728/5314”
5 4'4"—510%/4” fan | 310"—72/4”
6 53/4”—7/ 41/29 4791/5” —8'17 441)" —971/4”
8 6/45/4"—10'83/4” 5111/4” —12/33/4” 5/4 —16/41/,”
10 77 —149 6111/9—17111/” 6 11/>” —28'33/4”
15 1011/47 —2951/8” 9'—46/21 Ja" 7'71/5" —o0
30 15711/4—o0 13'1”— со 10/11/3700
oC 2661/97 —co 197113/47 —00 142” — сс
Circle of confusion of diameter 0.03 mm.
a | ÓN
The subject distance should be measured from the focal plane
(the back edge of the accessory shoe).
37
We reserve the right to make structural alterations of the Agfa
Super Silette as a result of further development of the camera.
AGFA CAMERA-WERK AG. MUENCHEN
383 engl. 556 o
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