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M211840EN-E
User Guide
Vaisala Weather Transmitter
WXT530 Series
PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj
Vanha Nurmijärventie 21, FI-01670 Vantaa, Finland
P.O. Box 26, FI-00421 Helsinki, Finland
+358 9 8949 1
Visit our Internet pages at www.vaisala.com
.
© Vaisala 2020
No part of this document may be reproduced, published or publicly displayed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be modified, translated, adapted, sold or disclosed to a third party without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Translated documents and translated portions of multilingual documents are based on the original English versions. In ambiguous cases, the English versions are applicable, not the translations.
The contents of this document are subject to change without prior notice.
Local rules and regulations may vary and they shall take precedence over the information contained in this document.
Vaisala makes no representations on this document’s compliance with the local rules and regulations applicable at any given time, and hereby disclaims any and all responsibilities related thereto.
This document does not create any legally binding obligations for Vaisala towards customers or end users. All legally binding obligations and agreements are included exclusively in the applicable supply contract or the General Conditions of Sale and General Conditions of Service of
Vaisala.
This product contains software developed by Vaisala or third parties. Use of the software is governed by license terms and conditions included in the applicable supply contract or, in the absence of separate license terms and conditions, by the General License Conditions of Vaisala
Group.
Table of contents
Table of contents
WXT530 Series weather transmitters ...........................................................13
WXT535 and WXT534 ............................................................................. 16
WXT533 and WXT532 ..............................................................................17
............................................................................................... 23
....................................................................................... 25
......................................................................27
.........................................................................................28
.................................................................................28
................................................................................................29
................................................................................ 29
Precipitation measurement principle ............................................................31
....................................................................................... 37
......................................................................................... 39
Mounting WXT530 on vertical pole mast without mounting kit
Mounting WXT530 on vertical pole mast with mounting kit
Mounting WXT530 on sensor support arm
Grounding with bushing and grounding kit
Configuring wind direction offset
Installing Vaisala Configuration Tool
......................................... 44
.........................................47
...........................................................................................48
...........................................................50
.......................................................... 51
............................................................ 52
1
WXT530 Series User Guide
Updating WXT530 firmware .........................................................................56
Changing from CLI mode to Modbus mode ................................................56
Changing from Modbus mode to CLI mode ................................................ 57
Using Modbus with old WXT530 .................................................................. 57
Wiring with 8-pin M12 connector ................................................................. 64
Data communication interfaces ....................................................................73
Connecting through M12 bottom connector or screw terminal .........78
Communication setting commands ............................................................. 78
Checking current communication settings (aXU) ...............................78
Changing the communication settings (aXU) ...................................... 81
Retrieving data messages .........................................................................84
Precipitation counter reset (aXZRU) .................................................... 85
Precipitation intensity reset (aXZRI) .................................................... 86
Measurement reset (aXZM) ................................................................... 87
......................................................................... 89
.................................................................................. 90
Acknowledge active command (a)
Precipitation data message (aR3)
...................................................... 90
....................................................................... 91
Pressure, temperature and humidity data message (aR2) ................ 92
.........................................................92
............................................................93
...............................................................94
Composite data message query (aR0)
................................................ 94
......................................................................................95
..................................................................................... 96
Automatic composite data message (aR0) .........................................97
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2
Table of contents
Address query command (?) .................................................................98
Acknowledge active command (a) .......................................................99
Change address command (aAb) ......................................................... 99
Send identification command (aI) ...................................................... 100
Start measurement command (aM) .....................................................101
Start measurement command with CRC (aMC) ................................ 102
Start concurrent measurement (aC) ...................................................102
Start concurrent measurement with CRC (aCC) ............................... 103
Send data command (aD) ....................................................................104
Examples of aM, aC and aD commands ..............................................105
Continuous measurement (aR) ............................................................107
Continuous measurement with CRC (aRC) ........................................108
Acknowledge active command (a) .....................................................109
MWV wind speed and direction query ................................................ 110
XDR transducer measurement query ....................................................111
Automatic composite data message (aR0) .........................................121
Sensor and data message settings ...................................................... 122
Sensor configuration and data message formatting ................................122
Pressure, temperature, and humidity sensors ....................................127
Composite data message (aR0) ......................................................... 140
Cleaning the radiation shield ................................................................152
Error messaging/text messages .......................................................... 157
Rain and wind sensor heating control .................................................159
Operating voltage control .................................................................... 159
Missing readings and error indication .................................................159
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WXT530 Series User Guide
Connecting several transmitters on same bus ...........................................174
....................................................................................174
.......................................................................................... 174
........................................................... 174
................................................................................. 175
.........................................................................................175
RS-485 communication protocol .........................................................175
NMEA 0183 v 3.0 query .........................................................................176
NMEA 0183 v 3.0 query with ASCII query commands ...................... 177
Appendix B: Modbus protocol................................................................... 179
Appendix C: SDI-12 protocol......................................................................190
SDI-12 communications protocol
.........................................................190
..........................................................................................190
Appendix D: CRC-16 computation............................................................ 192
Encoding the CRC as ASCII characters ...................................................... 192
NMEA 0183 v3.0 checksum computation .................................................. 192
Appendix E: Wind measurement averaging method........................... 193
Appendix F: Factory configurations.........................................................195
........................................................................ 195
.......................................................................... 196
Appendix G: Connecting external sensors to WXT536....................... 198
Connecting ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536 ........................................ 198
Connecting pyranometer to WXT536
Connecting rain gauge to WXT536
........................................................ 201
Connecting resistance temperature sensor ..............................................205
...........................................................208
Appendix H: Complete set of accessories............................................... 211
Appendix I: Configuration parameters.................................................... 215
Appendix J: Recycling instructions......................................................... 224
M211840EN-E
4
Table of contents
5
WXT530 Series User Guide
List of figures
Figure 12 Mounting WXT531 on vertical pole mast...................................................41
Figure 16 Heating instant current and power vs Vh (WXT536,
WXT535, WXT533, and WXT532)..............................................................60
Figure 17 Heating instant current and power vs Vh (WXT531)............................60
Figure 19 PTU power consumption in SDI-12 native mode....................................63
Figure 21 Internal wiring for RS-232, SDI-12, and RS-485......................................70
Figure 27 Analog input settings in Vaisala Configuration Tool........................... 142
Figure 30 WXT535 and WXT534 dimensions...........................................................169
Figure 31 WXT533 and WXT532 dimensions...........................................................170
Figure 33 WXT530 series mounting kit (212792) dimensions............................. 172
Figure 36 Wind measurement averaging method..................................................194
Figure 37 Connecting external sensors to WXT536...............................................198
Figure 38 Connecting ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536....................................199
Figure 39 Wiring ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536............................................200
Figure 40 Connecting pyranometer to WXT536.................................................... 202
M211840EN-E
6
Figure 43 Pt1000 connected to WXT536 M12 connector.................................... 205
Figure 44 Wiring temperature sensor Pt1000 to WXT536..................................206
Figure 45 Wiring temperature sensor TM-Pt1000 to WXT536.......................... 207
Figure 49 WXT536 with surge protector WSP150.................................................. 213
Figure 50 WXT536 with surge protector WSP152...................................................214
List of figures
7
WXT530 Series User Guide
List of tables
Table 5 WXT534 and WXT535 measurements.........................................................16
Table 6 WXT533 and WXT532 measurements......................................................... 17
Table 12 Pinouts for WXT530 Series serial interfaces and power supplies.......65
Table 14 WXT532 mA output option screw terminal pinouts...............................66
Table 20 Screw terminal pinouts for serial interfaces and power supplies.........71
Table 25 Transducer IDs of measurement parameters............................................113
Table 43 Barometric pressure measurement performance..................................160
Table 44 Air temperature measurement performance..........................................160
M211840EN-E
8
Table 45 Relative humidity measurement performance....................................... 160
Table 46 Precipitation measurement performance................................................. 161
Table 57 Commonly used unit system independent values.................................. 181
Table 58 Measurement values in metric units (°C, m/s, mm, mm/h).................183
Table 59 Measurement values in imperial units (°F, mph, in, in/h).....................184
Table 78 Pressure, temperature and humidity parameters...................................217
List of tables
9
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
10
Chapter 1 – About this document
1. About this document
1.1 Version information
Table 1 Document versions
Document code
M211840EN-E
Date
August 2020
M211840EN-D April 2017
Description
Added information on Modbus protocol.
Updated information on PTU module.
Updated cable information.
Added recycling information.
Added information about external sensors. Updated technical drawings. Added grounding information.
Added index.
1.2 Documentation conventions
WARNING!
Warning
alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and follow instructions carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even death.
CAUTION!
Caution
warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and follow instructions carefully at this point, the product could be damaged or important data could be lost.
Note
highlights important information on using the product.
Tip
gives information for using the product more efficiently.
Lists tools needed to perform the task.
11
WXT530 Series User Guide
Indicates that you need to take some notes during the task.
M211840EN-E
1.3 Trademarks
Vaisala â , BAROCAP â , HUMICAP â , RAINCAP â , and WINDCAP â are registered trademarks of
Vaisala Oyj.
Microsoft
â
and Windows
â
are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and other countries.
All other product or company names that may be mentioned in this publication are trade names, trademarks, or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
12
Chapter 2 – Product overview
2. Product overview
2.1 WXT530 Series weather transmitters
The WXT530 series transmitters are suitable for several purposes, such as:
• Agro-meteorological applications
• Building control systems
• Cruisers
• Energy applications
• Environmental monitoring
• Fire weather
• Meteorological test beds
• Noise monitoring
• Researchers
• Sport events
• Weather stations
The WXT530 models offer the following measurement combinations.
13
WXT530 Series User Guide
WXT536 WXT535 WXT534 WXT533 WXT532
M211840EN-E
WXT531
P Pressure
T Temperature
U Humidity
R Rain
W Wind
Table 2 WXT530 series features
Feature Value / Description
Transmitter power-up
Communication protocols
5 … 32 VDC
• SDI-12
• ASCII automatic and polled
• NMEA 0183 with query option
Serial interface options • RS-232
• RS-485
• RS-422
• SDI-12
Connectors • 8-pin M12 connector for installation
• 4-pin M8 connector for service use
Transmitter housing IP rating IP65, with mounting kit IP66
Table 3 Available options
Available options WXT536 WXT535 WXT534 WXT533 WXT532 WXT531
Service pack 2: Windows-based
Vaisala configuration tool software with USB service cable (1.4 m)
USB RS-232/RS-485 cable
(1.4 m)
Mounting kit
Surge protector
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
14
Chapter 2 – Product overview
Available options
Bird kit
Shielded cables (2 m, 10 m,
40 m)
Bushing and grounding kit
Heating
Analog input option mA output option
✔
✔
✔
WXT536 WXT535 WXT534 WXT533 WXT532 WXT531
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
✔
✔
2.1.1 WXT536
Table 4 WXT536 measurements
Sensor Pressure Temperature Humidity
✔
Rain
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✔
✓
Wind speed Wind direction
✓ ✓
WXT536
✓ ✓
WXT536 offers an analog input option.
✓
15
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 1 WXT536
1 Analog input option
2 Analog input option not ordered
2.1.2 WXT535 and WXT534
Table 5 WXT534 and WXT535 measurements
Sensor Pressure Temperature Humidity
WXT535
WXT534
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Rain
✓
Wind speed Wind direction
16
Chapter 2 – Product overview
Figure 2 WXT535 and WXT534
2.1.3 WXT533 and WXT532
Table 6 WXT533 and WXT532 measurements
Sensor Pressure Temperature Humidity
WXT533
WXT532
WXT532 offers an mA output option.
Rain
✓
Wind speed Wind direction
✓
✓
✓
✓
17
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 3 WXT533 and WXT532
2.1.4 WXT531
Table 7 WXT531 measurements
Sensor Pressure Temperature Humidity
WXT531
Rain
✓
Wind speed Wind direction
18
Figure 4 WXT531
Chapter 2 – Product overview
19
WXT530 Series User Guide
2.2 Components
M211840EN-E
Figure 5 WXT536 components
1 Fixing screw and chassis grounding point
2 Screw cover
3 Top of the transmitter
4 Radiation shield
5 Bottom of the transmitter
20
Chapter 2 – Product overview
Figure 6 Cut-away view of WXT536
1 Wind transducers (3 pcs)
2 Precipitation sensor
3 Pressure sensor inside the PTU module
4 Humidity and temperature sensors inside the PTU module
5 Service port
21
WXT530 Series User Guide
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 7 Bottom of WXT536
1 Opening for cable gland (if unused, cover with a hexagonal plug).
Watertight cable gland (optional, included in the Bushing and Grounding Kit)
2 4-pin M8 connector for service port
3 8-pin M12 connector for power or data communications cable
4 Alignment direction indicator arrow
5 Fixing screw and chassis grounding point
2.3 Optional features
The WXT530 series includes the following optional features:
• USB cables
• Mounting kit
• Surge protector
• Bird kit
• Vaisala Configuration Tool
• Heating
You must select these options when placing the order.
22
M211840EN-E
More information
‣
Options and accessories (page 166)
2.3.1 USB cables
Chapter 2 – Product overview
The service cable, while connected between the service port and PC, forces the service port to
RS-232 / 19200, 8, N, 1.
You need a driver for the USB cable.
More information
‣
Installing USB cable driver (page 53)
23
WXT530 Series User Guide
2.3.2 Mounting kit
M211840EN-E
The optional mounting kit (212792) helps mounting the transmitter on a pole mast. If you use the mounting kit, you only need to align the transmitter when mounting for the first time.
With the mounting kit, WXT530 IP rating is IP66. Without the mounting kit, the rating is IP65.
More information
‣
Mounting WXT530 on vertical pole mast with mounting kit (page 41)
24
2.3.3 Surge protector
Chapter 2 – Product overview
Vaisala recommends using surge protectors:
• When weather instruments are installed in areas with an elevated risk of lightning strike, such as on top of high buildings or masts, or in open areas.
• If your cable length exceeds 10 m.
• If you have unshielded, open-wire lines.
Vaisala provides the following surge protectors:
• Vaisala Surge Protector WSP150.
A compact transient overvoltage suppressor designed for outdoor use. It can be used with all Vaisala wind and weather instruments. Install WSP150 close to the protected instrument (maximum 3 m).
• Vaisala Surge Protector WSP152.
Designed for use with Vaisala WXT transmitters and WMT sensors. WSP152 protects the host PC against surges entering through the USB port. Install WSP152 close to the PC, no further than the USB cable can reach (1.4 m).
25
WXT530 Series User Guide
2.3.4 Bird kit
M211840EN-E
The optional bird kit reduces the interference that birds cause to the wind and rain measurement.
The kit consists of a metallic band with spikes pointing upward. The kit is installed on top of the transmitter. The shape and location of the spikes has been designed so that the interference with wind and rain measurement is minimal.
26
Chapter 2 – Product overview
Figure 8 WXT536 with bird kit
The spikes do not hurt the birds; they are simply a barrier that makes it difficult for birds to land on top of the transmitter. The bird spike kit does not provide complete protection against birds, but it does render the transmitter unsuitable for roosting and nest building.
When the kit is in place, more snow can accumulate on the transmitter, and the snow can melt away more slowly.
2.3.5 Vaisala Configuration Tool
Vaisala Configuration Tool is a Windows-based, user-friendly parameter setting software for
WXT530 transmitters. It is also fully compatible with WMT52 and WXT520.
27
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 9 Vaisala Configuration Tool
2.3.6 Sensor heating
Heating helps to improve the measurement accuracy.
More information
‣
2.4 Backward compatibility
Always use the latest version of Vaisala Configuration Tool.
The WXT530 series transmitters are fully compatible with WXT520 and WMT52. This applies to mounting, cable options, and communication.
28
Chapter 2 – Product overview
When you upgrade from WMT52 to WXT532 or from WXT520 to WXT536, you must use the same profile and communication option as you had before. Regenerate the setup files (WXC files) for WXT530 with the latest version of Vaisala Configuration Tool .
Because the WXT530 series has several product variants, the old configuration code does not apply to the new WXT530 sensor. You must generate and apply a new order code for it.
More information
‣
Vaisala Configuration Tool (page 27)
2.5 ESD protection
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage electronic circuits. Vaisala products are adequately protected against ESD for their intended use. However, it is possible to damage the product by delivering electrostatic discharges when touching, removing, or inserting any objects in the equipment housing.
To avoid delivering high static voltages to the product:
• Handle ESD
‑ sensitive components on a properly grounded and protected ESD workbench or by grounding yourself to the equipment chassis with a wrist strap and a resistive connection cord.
• If you are unable to take either precaution, touch a conductive part of the equipment chassis with your other hand before touching ESD
‑ sensitive components.
• Hold component boards by the edges and avoid touching component contacts.
2.6 Regulatory compliances
The electromagnetic compatibility of the WXT530 series has been tested according to the following product family standard:
• EN 61326-1 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - EMC requirements - for use in industrial locations.
• The WXT530 series has been enhanced for marine use according to the appropriate sections of the IEC 60945 Maritime Navigation and Radiocommunication Equipment and
Systems - General requirements - Methods of testing.
• The WXT530 series is in conformance with the provisions of the RoHS directive of the
European Union:
• Directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (2002/95/EC)
29
WXT530 Series User Guide
3. Functional description
M211840EN-E
3.1 Wind measurement principle
WXT536
✔
WXT535 WXT534 WXT533
✔
WXT532
✔
WXT531
The transmitters use Vaisala WINDCAP sensor technology for wind measurement.
The wind sensor has an array of 3 equally spaced ultrasonic transducers on a horizontal plane.
The unit determines wind speed and wind directions by measuring the time it takes the ultrasound to travel from one transducer to the other two.
The wind sensor measures the transit time (in both directions) along the 3 paths established by the array of transducers. The transit time depends on the wind speed along the ultrasonic path. For zero wind speed, both the forward and reverse transit times are the same. With wind along the sound path, the up-wind direction transit time increases and the down-wind transit time decreases.
The unit calculates wind speed from the measured transit times using the following formula:
V w
= 0.5 × L × (1/t f
– 1/t r
)
V w
L t f t r
Wind speed
Distance between the two transducers
Transit time in forward direction
Transit time in reverse direction
Measuring the 6 transit times allows V w
to be computed for each of the 3 ultrasonic paths. The computed wind speeds are independent of altitude, temperature, and humidity, which are cancelled out when the transit times are measured in both directions, although the individual transit times depend on these parameters.
The
V w
values of 2 array paths are enough to compute wind speed and wind direction. A signal processing technique ensures that wind speed and wind direction are calculated from the 2 array paths with the best quality.
The wind speed is represented as a scalar speed in selected units (m/s, kt, mph, km/h). The wind direction from which the wind comes is expressed in degrees (°). North is represented as
0°, East as 90°, South as 180°, and West as 270°.
The wind direction is not calculated when the wind speed drops below 0.05 m/s. In this case, the last calculated direction output remains until the wind speed increases to the level of
0.05 m/s.
30
Chapter 3 – Functional description
The average values of wind speed and direction are calculated as a scalar average of all samples over the selected averaging time (1 ... 3600 s) with a selectable updating interval. The sample count depends on the selected sampling rate: 4 Hz (default), 2 Hz, or 1 Hz. The minimum and maximum values of wind speed and direction represent the corresponding extremes during the selected averaging time.
You can select the computation of the wind speed extreme values in one of 2 ways:
• Traditional minimum/maximum calculation
• 3-second gust & calm calculation recommended by the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO). In this case the highest and lowest 3-second average values
(updated once a second) replace the maximum and minimum values in reporting of wind speed, while the wind direction variance is returned in the traditional way.
The transmitter constantly monitors the wind measurement signal quality. If poor quality is detected, the wind values are marked as invalid. If over half of the measurement values are considered invalid, the last valid wind values are returned as missing data. In the SDI-12 protocol, the invalid values are marked as zero.
More information
‣
Wind measurement averaging method (page 193)
3.2 Precipitation measurement principle
WXT536
✔
WXT535
✔
WXT534 WXT533
✔
WXT532 WXT531
✔
The transmitter uses Vaisala RAINCAP Sensor 2 technology in precipitation measurement.
The precipitation sensor comprises of a steel cover and a piezoelectrical sensor mounted on the bottom surface of the cover.
The precipitation sensor detects the impact of individual raindrops. The signals from the impact are proportional to the volume of the drops. The signal of each drop can be converted directly to accumulated rainfall. An advanced noise filtering technique filters out signals originating from other sources than raindrops.
The measured parameters are:
• Accumulated rainfall
• Rain current and peak intensity
• Duration of a rain event
Detecting each drop enables the computing of rain amount and intensity with high resolution.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Precipitation current intensity is internally updated every 10 seconds and represents the intensity during the 1-minute period before requesting/automatic precipitation message sending (for fast reactions to a rain event, during the first minute of the rain event, the intensity is calculated over the period rain has lasted in 10-second steps instead of a fixed period of 1 minute). Precipitation peak intensity represents the maximum of the calculated current intensity values since last precipitation intensity reset.
The sensor can also distinguish hail stones from raindrops. The measured hail parameters are the cumulative number of hail stones, current and peak hail intensity and the duration of a hail shower.
The precipitation sensor operates in 4 modes.
Table 8 Precipitation sensor modes
Mode
Precipitation start/end mode
Tipping bucket mode
Time mode
Polled mode
Description
The transmitter automatically sends a precipitation message
10 seconds after the recognition of the first drop. The messages are sent continuously and they stop when the precipitation ends.
The mode emulates tipping bucket type precipitation sensors. The transmitter sends automatically a precipitation message when the counter detects 1 unit increment (0.1 mm/0.01 in).
The transmitter sends automatically a precipitation message in the update intervals defined by the user.
The transmitter sends a precipitation message when requested by the user.
More information
‣
Precipitation sensor (page 131)
3.3 PTU measurement principle
WXT536
✔
WXT535
✔
WXT534
✔
WXT533
WXT532
WXT531
The PTU module contains separate sensors for pressure, temperature, and humidity measurement.
The PTU module includes:
• Capacitive silicon BAROCAP sensor for pressure measurement,
• Resistive thin-film Pt1000 sensor for air temperature measurement
• Capacitive thin-film polymer HUMICAP R2 sensor for humidity measurement.
32
Chapter 3 – Functional description
In case of capacitive sensors, the measurement principle of the transmitter is based on an advanced RC oscillator and reference capacitors against which the capacitance of a sensor is continuously measured. The resistive Pt1000 sensors are measured with a voltage divider circuit incorporating a reference resistor and a stable voltage source. Using mathematical sensor response models and the information from sensor calibrations, the microprocessor of the transmitter performs transformations from measured electrical parameters to reported environmental parameters. These calculations include compensation for the temperature dependency of the pressure and humidity sensors.
3.4 Heating
WXT536
✔
WXT535
✔
WXT534 WXT533
✔
WXT532
✔
WXT531
✔
When operating the sensor in temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F), select a model with an internal heater and enable the heater for operation.
The heating elements located below the precipitation sensor and inside the wind transducers help keeping the sensors clean from snow and ice. A heating temperature ( Th ) sensor underneath the precipitation sensor controls the heating. Note that Th is measured inside the equipment, where temperature is much higher than the ambient temperature ( Ta ).
The heating control tries to keep
Th
at +15 °C by adjusting the heating power. The heater control switches heating resistors on and off based on heating voltage and
Th
.
Table 9 Heater resistance
Transmitter model
WXT536, WXT535, WXT533, WXT532
WXT531
Heater resistance when Vh
< 15 V
15
27
Heater resistance when Vh
> 15 V
57
The instant current depends on the heater voltage. You must select the power supply with the instant current in mind. The average heating power and heater performance do not depend on the heating voltage.
When the heating function is disabled, the heating is off in all conditions.
Snow accumulation can cause temporary wind measurement problems even when heating is enabled.
33
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
More information
‣
3.5 Analog input interface
WXT536
✔
WXT535 WXT534 WXT533 WXT532 WXT531
WXT536 offers an analog input option for solar radiation, external temperature, level measurement, and tipping bucket.
Figure 10 Analog inputs for external sensors
1 Analog input 1
Sensor A: Solar radiation
2 Analog input 2
Sensor B: Temperature
Sensor C: Level sensor
Sensor D: Tipping bucket
3.6 Analog output interface
WXT536
WXT535
WXT534
WXT533
WXT532
✔
WXT531
WXT532 offers an analog output option for wind speed and wind direction measurement.
The output settings are preconfigured at the factory according to your order. WXT532 takes measurements according to the configured averaging time and synthesizes the analog outputs of wind speed and wind direction with an update interval of 0.25 seconds.
34
Chapter 4 – Installation
4. Installation
CAUTION!
Do not store the transmitter outdoors. Make sure you switch on the transmitter right after installation.
4.1 Installing WXT530
At the measurement site, you must mount, ground, align, and connect the transmitter to the data logger and the power source.
You can install the instrument on top of a pole mast or on a sensor support arm.
For the most reliable measurements:
• Avoid trees or other objects nearby which could disturb wind flow.
• Install the sensor to the height that best represents the prevailing wind conditions on site.
CAUTION!
To prevent equipment damage, install an air terminal so that the tip is as high above the instruments and sensors as possible.
To prevent corrosion and oxidation, use copper paste or equivalent on screws and connector threads.
4.1.1 Maritime installations
In maritime installations according to IEC 60945, the WXT530 series belongs to the installation category C, which means that it is exposed to weather. When making maritime installations, pay attention to the following:
• Do not install WXT530 near a magnetic compass. The compass safe distance is 5 m. The transmitter must be installed in open space to avoid disturbance in measurements.
• Do not place WXT530 directly in front of a radar.
• Do not install WXT530 next to a powerful RF-transmitter antenna.
4.2 Placing WXT530
Select a site that represents the general area of interest to ensure representative ambient measurements. Make sure that the site that is free from turbulence caused by nearby objects, such as trees and buildings.
35
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
WARNING!
To protect personnel and the transmitter, install an air terminal with the tip at least one meter above the transmitter. It must be properly grounded, compliant with all applicable local safety regulations.
CAUTION!
Installations on top of high buildings or masts and in sites on open grounds are vulnerable to lightning strikes. A nearby lightning strike can induce a high-voltage surge not tolerable by the internal surge suppressors of the instrument.
Additional protection is needed in regions with frequent, severe thunderstorms, especially when long line cables (> 30 m / 98 ft ) are used. Vaisala recommends using a surge protector, such as WSP150 and WSP152, in all sites with an elevated risk of lightning strike.
36
Chapter 4 – Installation
4.3 Unpacking WXT530
The transmitter comes in a custom shipping container. The following figure shows the contents of the carton.
Figure 11 Contents of shipping container
1 Protective packaging top
2 Shipping carton
3 Inner box
4 Manual, cables, mounting kit (optional)
5 Installation note
6 Protective packaging bottom
7 Transmitter
8 Bird kit (optional)
37
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
CAUTION!
Be careful not to damage the wind transducers located at the top of the 3 antennas. Dropping the device can break or damage the transducers. If the antenna bends or twists, re-aligning can be difficult or impossible.
CAUTION!
Do not remove the top of the package protecting the transducer until you have installed the transmitter. The polypropylene cushion protects the transducers during installation.
38
Save the container and the packaging materials for future transportation and shipping.
4.4 Mounting WXT530
The transmitter is easy to install as it does not have any moving parts.
The transmitter can be mounted on:
• Vertical pole mast
• Sensor support arm
Install the transmitter upright.
Chapter 4 – Installation
The transmitter radiation shield reflects light. If you install the transmitter next to a pyranometer or a temperature and humidity sensor, the pyranometer or temperature and humidity sensor can give incorrect measurements. Install the transmitter on the same level with the pyranometer or temperature and humidity sensor so that the distance between the units is approximately 800 mm (31.5 in).
4.4.1 Mounting WXT530 on vertical pole mast without mounting kit
2.5
‑ mm Allen key
39
WXT530 Series User Guide
1. Remove the screw cover and insert the transmitter to the pole mast.
M211840EN-E
2. Align the transmitter so that the arrow points to North.
3. Tighten the fixing screw and replace the screw cover.
4. Connect the sensor cable.
40
Chapter 4 – Installation
4.4.2 Mounting WXT530 on vertical pole mast with mounting kit
2.5
‑ mm and 5
‑ mm Allen keys
When mounting a transmitter on a pole mast, you can use an optional mounting kit to ease mounting.
Figure 12 Mounting WXT531 on vertical pole mast
CAUTION!
Handle with care. Any impact on the instrument or sensor array may cause damage and lead to incorrect measurements.
1. Remove the adapter sleeve from the mounting kit.
2. Lead the sensor cable through the mounting kit, and connect the cable to the bottom part of the sensor.
41
WXT530 Series User Guide
3. Insert the mounting kit adapter to the transmitter bottom.
1 Protective cushion
2 Transmitter
3 Mounting kit
4 Pole
M211840EN-E
4. Turn the kit firmly until you feel the adapter snap into the locked position.
42
Chapter 4 – Installation
5. Holding the sensor from its body, run the sensor cable through the mounting adapter, and slide the sensor onto the adapter. Do not tighten the fixing screw yet.
1 Fixing screw
2 Mounting accessory between mounting kit and 60 mm tube
(WMSFIX60)
3 Mounting kit (212792)
6. Align the transmitter so that the arrow on the bottom of the transmitter points North.
7. To attach the adapter to the pole mast, tighten the fixing screw of the mounting adapter.
43
WXT530 Series User Guide
8. Remove the protective cushion.
M211840EN-E
When removing a transmitter from the pole, turn the transmitter so that it snaps out from the mounting kit. Realignment is not needed when replacing the device.
4.4.3 Mounting WXT530 on sensor support arm
10
‑ mm wrench
If you use the optional mounting kit, you only need to align the sensor when mounting it for the first time.
44
Chapter 4 – Installation
CAUTION!
Handle with care. Any impact on the instrument or sensor array may cause damage and lead to incorrect measurements.
1. Remove the screw cover.
2. Align the sensor support arm in South–North direction.
If you cannot align the sensor support arm, adjust the wind direction offset.
45
WXT530 Series User Guide
3. Mount the transmitter on the sensor support arm.
M211840EN-E
1 Nut M6 DIN 934
2 Mounting bolt M6 DIN 933
3 Screw cover
46
1 Mounting bolt M6 DIN 933
Chapter 4 – Installation
2 Nut M6 DIN 934
4.5 Grounding
A transmitter is typically grounded by installing it on a mast or a cross arm that provides a good connection to earth ground.
As grounding is provided through the fixing screw (or mounting bolt), it is important that it makes a good ground connection.
4.5.1 Grounding with bushing and grounding kit
If the surface of the mounting point is painted or has some other finishing that prevents a good electrical connection, consider using the Bushing and Grounding Kit (222109) and a cable to ensure ground connection.
Use the Bushing and Grounding Kit to run a cable from the fixing screw to a grounding point.
The kit does not include a grounding cable. The minimum grounding conductor size is 4 mm
2
(AWG 11).
1. Assemble the grounding kit so that the connector for the grounding cable is between the washers and nuts.
5
1 Connector for grounding cable
2 Abiko connector
3 Washer (2 pcs)
4 Nut (2 pcs)
5 Fixing screw
4 3
2
1
2. Connect a grounding cable to the connector. Use a 16 mm
2 ground connection.
conductor to achieve a good
3. Remove the transmitter fixing screw.
47
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
4. Insert the grounding kit through the hole in the seal. Make sure the nuts are tight so that the connector has a good connection.
1 Seal
2 Fixing screw
5. Connect the other end of the cable to a good grounding point.
4.6 Aligning WXT530
WXT536
✔
WXT535
WXT534
WXT533
✔
WXT532
✔
WXT531
48
Chapter 4 – Installation
To help the alignment, there is an arrow and the text
North
on the bottom of the transmitter.
Align the transmitter so that the arrow points North.
Figure 13 WXT530 North arrow
Wind direction can be referred either to true North, which uses the Earth’s geographic meridians, or to the magnetic North, which is read with a magnetic compass. The magnetic declination is the difference in degrees between the true North and magnetic North. The source for the magnetic declination should be current as the declination changes over time.
49
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 14 Sketch of magnetic declination
4.6.1 Aligning WXT530 with compass
• 2.5
‑ mm Allen key
• Compass
Do not remove the instrument or sensor from the mounting kit during alignment.
50
1. If the transmitter is mounted, loosen the fixing screw on the bottom of the transmitter so that you can rotate it.
Chapter 4 – Installation
2. Use a compass to determine that the transducer heads of the transmitter are exactly in line with the compass and that the arrow on the bottom of the transmitter points North.
3. Tighten the fixing screw. Tightening torque 1.5 Nm.
4.6.2 Configuring wind direction offset
If the transmitter cannot be aligned so that the arrow on the bottom points North, make a wind direction offset by configuring the deviation angle in the transmitter.
1. Mount the transmitter to a desired position.
2. Define the deviation angle from the North (zero) alignment. Use the ± sign indication to express the direction from the North line.
3. Enter the deviation angle in the device using the wind message formatting command
aWU,D
(direction offset).
Now the transmitter transmits the wind direction data using the changed zero alignment.
More information
‣
‣
Mounting WXT530 on sensor support arm (page 44)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
4.7 Installing Vaisala Configuration Tool
1. Insert the WXT530 driver memory stick in the USB port.
2. Go to the
WXT_Series_Conf_Tool
folder and run
WXTConf-2.41 r.3Setup.exe
.
3. When Vaisala Configuration Tool Setup Wizard opens, select
Next
.
4. In the
User Information
window, fill in the
User Name
,
Organization
, and
License Key
fields. The license key is shown on the sticker on the memory stick. Select
Next
.
5. In the
Select Destination Location
window, select a folder and select
Next
.
6. In the
Select Start Menu Folder
window, select a folder for shortcuts and select
Next
.
7. In the
Select Additional Tasks
window, select
Additional Tasks
and select
Next
.
8. In the
Ready to Install
window, select
Install
.
Installing
window opens.
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Chapter 4 – Installation
9. Select
Launch Vaisala Configuration Tool
and select
Finish
to launch the tool.
More information
‣
Backward compatibility (page 28)
4.8 Installing USB cable driver
Before taking the USB cable into use, you must install the USB cable driver on your PC. The driver is compatible with Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10.
1. Make sure that the USB cable is not connected.
2. Insert the WXT530 driver memory stick in the USB port.
53
WXT530 Series User Guide
3. Go to the
USB-driver
folder and start installation by running
setup.exe
.
M211840EN-E
54
4. When Vaisala USB Device Driver Setup Wizard opens, select
Next
.
5. In the
Select Additional Tasks
window, select the tasks you want to perform and select
Install
.
Chapter 4 – Installation
6. Select
Display Vaisala USB Device Finder > Finish
. The driver is started.
7. Plug in the cable.
Remember to use the correct port in the settings of your terminal program. Windows recognizes each individual cable as a different device, and reserves a new COM port.
There is no reason to uninstall the driver for normal use. However, if you wish to remove the driver files and all Vaisala USB cable devices, uninstall the entry for Vaisala USB Instrument
Driver from the program manager tool in the Windows Control Panel.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
4.9 Updating WXT530 firmware
WXT530 must be in the CLI mode before the firmware update. CLI is the command line interface, such as ASCII, NMEA and SDI-12. Firmware update is not possible in the Modbus mode.
1. Connect WXT530 service cable to the USB port of your computer and to WXT530 service connector.
2. To make sure that WXT530 is in the CLI mode, open the terminal software, such as Tera
Term, with settings 19200, 8, N, 1 and type the command
?!
.
If the sensor is in the CLI mode, the terminal program prints the sensor address.
Alternatively, open Vaisala Configuration Tool. If you can communicate with it, WXT530 is in the CLI mode. If not, see
Changing from Modbus mode to CLI mode (page 57)
3. Start
WxtLoader.exe
.
4. To change the serial port settings, select
Configuration
.
• Select the COM port in use.
• Select serial port settings: 19200, 8 bit, none, 1 bit.
5. When
Status
is
Connected to device
, select
Upload
.
When
Upload Status
is 100 %, the firmware update is completed.
To change to the Modbus mode, see
Changing from CLI mode to Modbus mode (page 56) .
When WXT530 starts up in Modbus mode, communication with the terminal software is no longer possible.
4.10 Changing from CLI mode to Modbus mode
Before changing to the Modbus mode, save the settings with Vaisala Configuration Tool.
1. Set the computer terminal software, such as Tera Term, communication parameters to
19200 8N1
.
2. Connect WXT530 service cable to the USB port of your computer and to WXT530 service connector.
3. In the terminal software, type the command
?
XU,M=M!
.
WXT530 starts up in the Modbus mode. Communication with the terminal software is no longer possible.
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Chapter 4 – Installation
4.11 Changing from Modbus mode to CLI mode
When you change from the CLI mode (ASCII, NMEA, SDI-12) to the Modbus mode, or the other way round, also the accumulated values are reset. The parameter ranges in the CLI mode are sometimes bigger than what is allowed in the Modbus mode. WXT530 enforces the narrower range when the device is turned to the
Modbus mode.
1. Set the computer terminal software (such as Tera Term) communication parameters to
19200 8N1
and select and open a COM port in the terminal software.
You can find the COM port reserved for the connected USB cable with Vaisala
Instrument Finder provided with the drivers. The reserved COM ports are also listed in the
Ports
section of Windows® Device Manager.
2. Press
SPACE
and keep it pressed down.
3. Connect WXT530 service cable to the WXT530 service connector.
4. Release
SPACE
and press it down again. Keep the it pressed down for 5 seconds. WXT530 starts in the CLI service port default mode (RS-232, Standard ASCII polled, 19200, 8, N, 1).
Alternatively, you can change from the Modbus mode to the CLI mode by typing the value
0x0F
to register number 11 (0x000A).
4.12 Using Modbus with old WXT530
If you already have WXT530, you need an RS-485 connection to use the Modbus protocol. You can change the communication parameters with the Vaisala Configuration Tool software, or, by using WXT530 command line with a terminal software.
CAUTION!
When you update to Modbus, WXT530 settings roll back to default settings. You can save WXT530 settings with Vaisala Configuration Tool.
To use the Modbus protocol:
• Make sure the firmware is 3.85, or newer. If not, update the firmware.
See
Updating WXT530 firmware (page 56)
.
• Change from the CLI mode to the Modbus mode
See
Changing from CLI mode to Modbus mode (page 56)
.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
5. Power management
This chapter describes how to connect the power supply and the serial interfaces and how to manage and estimate power consumption.
You can access the transmitter through the following serial interfaces:
• RS-232
• RS-485
• RS-422
• SDI-12
• mA output (WXT532)
You can wire them either through the internal screw terminal or the 8-pin M12 connector. You can use only one serial interface at a time.
CAUTION!
The cable opening in the transmitter bottom assembly is covered with hexagonal rubber plugs. If you are not using the cable gland (included in the bushing and grounding kit), keep the opening covered.
More information
‣
5.1 Power supplies
WXT530 and the cable must be protected with a fuse or a circuit breaker from the supply side. A fuse or a circuit breaker protects the cable from overheating if there is a short circuit in the cabling.
The maximum size for the fuse or circuit breaker is 2 A. 1.6 A is also enough for guaranteed operation. Over current limitation or protection can also be built into the power supply. This limitation applies to Vaisala cables with 0. 25 mm
2 conductors. The minimum conductor cross section area is 0,25 mm
2 series instrument with heating.
for WXT530
The minimum consumption graph is for SDI-12 standby mode.
58
Chapter 5 – Power management
Figure 15 Average operational current consumption (with 4Hz wind sensor sampling)
The input power supply must be capable of delivering 60 mA (at 12 V) or 100 mA (at 6 V) instant current spikes with duration of 30 ms. These are drawn by the wind sensor (whenever enabled) at 4 Hz rate, which is the default value for wind sampling. Wind sampling at 2 Hz and
1 Hz rate is also available.
Because wind measurement is the most consuming operation in the system, the average current consumption decreases almost in proportion to the sampling rate.
Typically, the average consumption is less than 10 mA. The higher the voltage, the lower the current.
Heating voltage Vh+ (one of the following two alternatives):
• 12 … 24 VDC (-10 % … + 30 %)
• 12 … 17 VAC rms
(-10 % … +30 %)
The typical DC voltage ranges are:
• 12 VDC ± 20 % (max 1.1 A)
• 24 VDC ± 20 % (max 0.6 A)
Nominally at 15.7 V heating voltage level, the transmitters automatically change the heating element combination to reduce instant current. The input resistance (R in
) is radically increased with voltages above 16 V as shown in the following graph. The average (5s) power does not depend on the input voltage.
The recommended range for AC is:
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WXT530 Series User Guide
• 12 … 17 VAC rms
(-10 % … +30 %) max 1.1 A for AC
M211840EN-E
Figure 16 Heating instant current and power vs Vh (WXT536, WXT535, WXT533, and WXT532)
Figure 17 Heating instant current and power vs Vh (WXT531)
The power supply must meet the values shown above.
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Chapter 5 – Power management
WARNING!
Make sure that you connect only de-energized wires.
CAUTION!
To avoid exceeding the maximum ratings in any condition, the voltages must be checked with no load at the power supply output.
More information
‣
5.2 Power management
The power consumption varies significantly, depending on the selected operating mode or protocol, the data interface type, the sensor configuration, and the measurement and reporting intervals.
Lowest consumption is achieved with the native SDI-12 mode, typically about 1 mW in standby
(0.1 mA at 12 V), while with ASCII RS-232 or continuous SDI-12 modes it is about 3 mW in standby. Any activated sensor measurement adds its own extra consumption to the standby power.
Some hints for economic power management are given below. The consumption values are all defined for 12 V supply. For 6 V supply, multiply the values by 1.9. For 24 V supply, multiply the values by 0.65.
Table 10 Standby power consumption
Mode Standby Wind
4 Hz sampling rate
Continuous measurement
+4.5 mA
10 s average every 2 min
+ 0.6 mA RS-232
RS-485
RS-422
SDI-12 continuous
1.5 mA
SDI-12 native 0.1 mA
Analog output
(mA)
N/A
N/A
16 … 90 mA
+1 mA
16 ... 90 mA
1 Hz sampling rate
Continuous measurement
+1.3 mA
10 s average every 2 min
+0.2 mA
N/A
16 ... 90 mA
+0.7 mA
16 ... 90 mA
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Mode Standby PT1000
+0.1 mA RS-232
RS-485
RS-422
SDI-21 continuous
1.5 mA
SDI-12 native 0.1 mA
Analog output (mA)
N/A
Level
+0.4 mA
Tipping bucket
+0.1 mA
Solar radiation
Precipitation
Continuous rain
+0.4 mA +0.4 mA
+0.1 mA
(interval
5 s)
N/A
+0.4 mA
(interval
5 s)
N/A
+0.1 mA
(interval 1 s)
N/A
+0.4 mA
(interval
5 s)
N/A
+0.4 mA
(interval 5 s)
N/A
SDI-12 native mode power save is based on measurements only when requested.
Due to SDI-12 polling mode operation, only periodic wind measurement results are comparable with other communication modes. Continuous measurement is not relevant for SDI-12 mode. Every measurement request increases power consumption for the first time measurement. The total SDI-12 power consumption can be changed by changing measurement request intervals.
Figure 18 PTU power consumption in RS-232, RS-485, RS-422, and SDI-12 continuous modes
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Chapter 5 – Power management
Figure 19 PTU power consumption in SDI-12 native mode
Table 11 Economic power management
Measurement Consumption
Wind measurement
Continuous precipitation
ASCII RS-232
Standby consumption
ASCII RS-232 Polling mode and Automatic mode
ASCII RS-232 Data transmission
The most consuming operation in the system, with extra variations depending on how the wind is reported. If you need long time averages and measure wind constantly, there are no large differences between requesting periods or modes. Fully continuous wind measurement with a 4
Hz sampling rate adds about 4.5 mA to the standby current, depending on the wind and some other climatic conditions. A 10-second average requested every 2 minutes consumes 8 times less. 1 Hz sampling rate decreases it to about one fourth.
Adds approximately 0.4 mA to the standby consumption. A single, isolated raindrop increases current consumption for about 10 seconds (continued, if more raindrops are detected within the 10-second period).
Typically 1.5 mA. The jumper wires across TX+/RX+ and TX-/RX- (only necessary in 2-wire RS-485) increase consumption slightly.
Equal consumption. The automatic mode is a little more economic, since interpreting the poll takes more processing time than starting the
Automatic message. However, note that when selecting the precipitation auto-send mode, the sub-modes M=R and M=C can cause extra consumption in rainy conditions due to triggers for sending messages about rain incidents.
Adds 1 ... 2 mA to the standby consumption during the message sending time. Note that the host device's input (data logger or PC) can constantly draw some current from the TX line.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Measurement
RS-485 and RS-422
Data interfaces
NMEA modes
SDI-12 Native mode
SDI-12 Continuous mode
Consumption
Consume about the same amount of power as RS-232. With long data cables the data consumption during data transmission can be much higher, especially when termination resistors are used. On the other hand, the
RS-485 driver is in high impedance state when not transmitter. In idle state, no current can be drawn by the host input.
They consume about the same as ASCII modes.
M=S, C=1 has the lowest stand by consumption, about 0.1 mA. Note that it can also be used with RS-232 terminals. See the SDI-12 connection diagram in
Data communication interfaces (page 73) . In this case, the commands
must be in SDI-12 format, but no special line break signals are required. The
SDI-12 mode is for polling only.
M=R consumes about the same as the ASCII RS-232 mode.
If the optional sensor heating is enabled, SDI-12 Native mode consumes the same as ASCII RS-232 mode.
When heating is on (or the temperature is such that it should be on), some
0.08 mA additional current is drawn from the operational power supply.
While in Service mode and/or while supplied through the service port the transmitter consumes 0.3 ... 0.6 mA more than in normal mode, when supplied through the main port (M12 connector or screw terminals). When supplied through the service port the minimum voltage level for reliable operation is 6 V. This can also be seen in the supply voltage reading of the Supervisor message - the Vs value is 1 V lower than the actual input voltage.
5.3 Wiring with 8-pin M12 connector
5.3.1 External wiring
The 8-pin M12 connector is located on the bottom of the transmitter.
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Chapter 5 – Power management
Figure 20 Pins of 8-pin M12 connector
The following table shows the pin connections for the 8-pin M12 connector and the wire colors of the respective M12 cable (optional, 2/10 m).
Table 12 Pinouts for WXT530 Series serial interfaces and power supplies
Wire color
1
M12 pin
#
RS-232
White
Brown
Green
Yellow
Gray
Pink
Blue
Red
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Data in
(RxD)
Vin+
(operating)
GND for data
-
Vh+
(heating)
Vh-
(heating)
Data out
(TxD)
Vin-
(operating)
1) Available for all models
2) WXT532 option
SDI-12
Data in/out
(Rx)
Vin+
(operating)
GND for data
-
Vh+
(heating)
Vh-
(heating)
Data in/out
(Tx)
Vin-
(operating)
-
Vin+
(operating)
GND for data
Vh+
(heating)
Data+
Vh-
(heating)
Data-
Vin-
(operating)
mA
Data out (TX-) Iout2
Vin+
(operating)
Vin+
(operating)
Data out (TX+) GND Iout2
Vh+ (heating) Vh+
(heating)
Data in (RX+) GND Iout1
Vh- (heating) Vh-
(heating)
Data in (RX-) Iout1
Vin-
(operating)
Vin-
(operating)
Table 13 Screw terminal pinouts
Screw terminal
10 HTG-
RS-232
Vh- (heating)
SDI-12
Vh- (heating)
RS-485
Vh- (heating)
RS-422
Vh- (heating)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Screw terminal
9 HTG+
8 SGND
7 RXD
6 TX+
5 TX-
4 RX+
3 RX-
2 VIN-
1 VIN+
RS-232 SDI-12 RS-485 RS-422
Vh+ (heating) Vh+ (heating) Vh+ (heating) Vh+ (heating)
-
GND for data
Data in (RxD)
-
Data out (TxD)
-
-
GND for data
Data in (Rx)
Data out (Tx)
-
-
GND for data
Data+
Data -
-
GND for data
Data out (TX-)
Data out (TX+)
Data in (Rx+)
Data in (Rx-)
Vin- (operating) Vin- (operating) Vin- (operating) Vin- (operating)
Vin+ (operating) Vin+ (operating) Vin+ (operating) Vin+ (operating)
The signal names Data in (RxD) and Data out (TxD) in the table describe the direction of data flow as seen from the transmitter.
Ground the external wiring shield. The shield is not connected inside WXT.
In true SDI-12, Data in (Rx) and Data out (Tx) lines must be combined.
Short circuit loops are required between terminals 3 & 5, and 4 & 6 for RS-485.
See
.
Do not use operating power supply ground (VIN-) for communication (RS-232,
RS-485, SDI-12, RS-422). Use SGND communication ground (GND).
Table 14 WXT532 mA output option screw terminal pinouts
Screw terminal
10 HTG-
9 HTG+
8 GND2
7 Iout2
mA output
Vh- (heating)
Vh+ (heating)
GND Iout2
Iout2 (direction)
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Chapter 5 – Power management
Screw terminal
6 GND1
5 Iout1
4 NC
3 NC
2 VIN-
1 VIN+
mA output
GND Iout1
-
-
Iout1 (wind)
Vin- (operating)
Vin+ (operating)
The terms "Default wiring" and "RS-422 wiring" refer to the internal wiring options.
5.3.2 Internal wiring
By default, the 8-pin M12 connector is wired for:
• RS-232
• RS-485
• SDI-12
• RS-422
• mA output
Ground the external wiring shield. The shield is not connected inside WXT.
Table 15 RS-232 wiring
3
4
5
1
2
6
7
8
Internal Wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
VIN+
VIN-
RX-
RX+
TX-
TX+
RXD
SGND
9 HTG+
Internal connector pin function for RS-232
Vin+ (operating)
Vin- (operating GND)
Data out (TxD)
Data in (RxD)
Communication ground
(GND)
Vh+ (heating) Yellow
Internal wiring for RS-232
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
White
Green
External wiring
7
2
8
1
5
3
M12 pin
External wiring for RS-232
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
White
Green
4 Yellow
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
10
Internal Wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
HTG-
Internal wiring for RS-232
Pink
External wiring
6
M12 pin
External wiring for RS-232
Pink
Shield
9
10
Table 16 RS-485 wiring
5
6
7
8
3
4
1
2
Internal wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
VIN+
VIN-
RX-
RX+
TX-
TX+
RXD
SGND
HTG+
HTG-
Internal connector pin function for RS-485
Vin + (Operating)
Vin- (Operating GND)
Data-
Data+
Data-
Data+
Communication ground
(GND)
Vh+ (Heating)
Vh- (Heating)
Yellow
Pink
External wiring
Internal wiring for RS-485
Brown
Red
Loop with Blue
Loop with Gray
2
8
Blue
Gray
White
Green
1
7
5
3
M12 pin
External wiring for RS-485
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
White
Green
4
6
Yellow
Pink
Shield
Table 17 SDI-12 wiring
4
5
6
1
2
3
Internal wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
VIN+
VIN-
RX-
RX+
TX-
TX+
Internal connector pin function for RS-232
Vh- (heating)
Internal connector pin function for SDI-12
Vin+ (Operating)
Vin- (Operating GND)
Data in/out (Tx)
Internal wiring for SDI-12
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
External wiring
7
5
2
8
M12 pin
External wiring for SDI-12
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
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Chapter 5 – Power management
7
8
Internal wiring
Pin #
9
10
Internal connector pin
RXD
SGND
HTG+
HTG-
Internal connector pin function for SDI-12
Data in/out (Rx)
Communication ground
(GND)
Vh+ (Heating)
Vh- (Heating)
Internal wiring for SDI-12
White
Green
Yellow
Pink
4
6
External wiring
1
3
M12 pin
External wiring for SDI-12
White
Green
Yellow
Pink
Shield
Table 18 RS-422 wiring
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
9
10
Internal wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
VIN+
VIN-
RX-
RX+
TX-
TX+
RXD
SGND
HTG+
HTG-
Internal connector pin function for RS-422
Vin+ (Operating)
Vin- (Operating GND)
Data in (RX-)
Data in (RX+)
Data out (TX-)
Data out (TX+)
V+ (Heating)
Vh- (Heating)
Table 19 mA output wiring
1
2
NC
Internal wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
VIN+
VIN-
NC
Internal connector pin function for mA cutput
Vin+ (operating)
Vin- (operating GND)
Internal wiring for RS-422
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
White
Green
Yellow
Pink
Internal wiring for mA output
Brown
Red
External wiring
1
5
3
2
8
7
4
6
M12 pin
External wiring
2
8
M12 pin
External wiring for RS-422
Brown
Red
Blue
Gray
White
Green
Yellow
Pink
Shield
External wiring for mA output
Brown
Red
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Internal wiring
Pin # Internal connector pin
10
GND
9
NC NC
Iout1
GND
Iout1
GND
Iout2 Iout2
GND
HTG+
HTG-
Internal connector pin function for mA cutput
Iout1
GND
Iout2
GND
Vh+ (heating)
Vh- (heating)
Internal wiring for mA output
Blue
Gray
White
Green
Yellow
Pink
External wiring
1
7
5
6
3
4
M12 pin
External wiring for mA output
Blue
Gray
White
Green
Yellow
Pink
Shield
Figure 21 Internal wiring for RS-232, SDI-12, and RS-485
5.4 Wiring with screw terminals
1. Loosen the 3 long screws at the bottom of the transmitter.
2. Pull out the bottom part of the transmitter.
3. Insert the power supply wires and signal wires through the cable gland(s) in the bottom of the transmitter. Cable glands are included in the optional Bushing and Grounding Kit
(222109).
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Chapter 5 – Power management
4. Connect the wires as shown in Table 20 (page 71)
.
5. Replace the bottom part and tighten the 3 screws. Make sure that the flat cable does not get squeezed or stuck between the top and the funnel for the flat cable and it is properly connected. To make sure that the radiation shield stays straight, do not tighten the screws all the way in one go. Do not overtighten.
Figure 22 Screw terminal block
Table 20 Screw terminal pinouts for serial interfaces and power supplies
Screw terminal
PIN
1 VIN+
2 VIN-
3 RX-
4 RX+
RS-232 SDI-12 RS-485 RS-422 mA output
Vin+ (operating) Vin+ (operating) Vin+ (operating) Vin+
(operating)
Vin- (operating
GND)
Vin- (operating
GND)
Vin- (operating
GND)
Data-
Data+
Vinoperating
GND)
Data in (RX-)
Data in (RX
+)
Vin+
(operating)
Vin-
(operating
GND)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Screw terminal
PIN
5 TX-
RS-232
Data out (TxD)
SDI-12 RS-485 RS-422 mA output
6 TX+
Data in/out (Tx) Data-
Data+
7 RXD Data in (RxD)
8 SGND Communication ground (GND)
9 HTG+ Vh+ (heating)
Data in/out (Rx)
Communication ground (GND)
Vh+ (heating)
Communication ground (GND)
Vh+ (heating)
10 HTGVh- (heating) Vh- (heating) Vh- (heating)
Data out
(TX-)
Data out (TX
+)
Iout1
GND
Iout2
GND
Vh+
(heating)
Vh-
(heating)
Vh+
(heating)
Vh-
(heating)
Use a shielded cable and ground the external wiring shield.
For the SDI-12 mode, the Data in/out (Tx) and Data in/out (Rx) signals must be connected internally by looping pins 5 and 7, or, externally by looping the M12 pins
1 and 7.
If you ordered the transmitter with any other serial communication than RS-422, the internal wiring has loops between pins 3 and 5, and between 4 and 6. For
RS-422 operation, you must remove the loops. For the RS-485 communication mode, short-circuit loops are required between pins 3-5 and 4-6.
3 = RX Data-, Loop with Blue
4 = RX Data+, Loop with Gray
5 = TX Data-, Blue wire
6 = TX Data+, Gray wire
The transmitter has by default factory-installed loops in all serial communication options except RS-422.
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Chapter 5 – Power management
5.5 Data communication interfaces
Figure 23 Data communication interfaces
With RS-485 and RS-422 interfaces, if the data rate is 9600 Bd or higher and the cabling from the transmitter to the host is 600 m (2000 ft) or longer, you must use termination resistors at both ends of the line.
The WXT530 series transmitters with serial communication interface have built-in termination options. Plain resistor (R) termination or termination with resistor connected series with capacitor can be selected with jumpers. By default, no termination is selected. In RS-422 mode, built-in termination is only between RX- and RX+ lines.
If external line termination is used, resistor range 100 … 180 Ω is suitable for twisted pair lines.
Resistors are connected across RX- to RX+ and across TX- to TX+ (with RS-485 only one resistor needed).
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 24 Termination jumper positions
1 NC, no termination
2 R, 121 Ω termination
3 RC, 121 Ω series with 4.7 nF capacitor termination
The termination resistors increase power consumption significantly during data transmission. If low power consumption is a must, connect a 0.1 uF capacitor in series with each external termination resistor or use internal RC termination.
Note that the RS-485 interface can be used with four wires (as RS-422).
The main difference between the RS-485 and RS-422 interfaces is their protocol:
• In the RS-422 mode the transmitter is constantly enabled
• In the RS-485 mode the transmitter is enabled only during transmission (for allowing the host’s transmission in the two-wire case).
The RS-232 output swings only between 0 ... +4.5 V. This is enough for modern PC inputs. The recommended maximum for the RS-232 line length is 100 m (300 ft) with 1200 Bd data rate.
Higher rates require shorter distance, for instance, 30 m (100 ft) with 9600 Bd.
If you use the transmitter on an RS-485 bus with other polled devices, always disable the error messaging feature with the command:
0SU,S=N<crlf>
.
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Chapter 6 – Connection options
6. Connection options
6.1 Communication protocols
Once the transmitter is properly connected and powered up, the data transmission can start.
Table 21 Available serial communication protocols
Serial interface
RS-232
RS-485
RS-422
SDI-12
Available communication protocols
ASCII automatic and polled
NMEA 0183 v 3.0 automatic and query
SDI-12 v 1.3 and SDI-12 v 1.3 continuous measurement
ASCII automatic and polled
NMEA 0183 v 3.0 automatic and query
SDI-12 v 1.3 and SDI-12 v 1.3 continuous measurement
ASCII automatic and polled
NMEA 0183 v 3.0 automatic and query
SDI-12 v 1.3 and SDI-12 v 1.3 continuous measurement
SDI-12 v 1.3 and SDI-12 v 1.3 continuous measurement
You chose the communication protocol when placing your order. To check the communication settings, see and/or change the protocol or other communication settings, see the following sections.
You need a converter to access the RS-485 and RS-422 interfaces directly with a standard PC.
You can access RS-232 and SDI-12 with a standard PC terminal, if for SDI-12, the
Data in/out lines have not been combined inside the transmitter.
6.2 Connection cables
The following table shows the connection cable options for the WXT530 series transmitters.
The USB cables connect the transmitter to a PC using a standard USB port. The USB cables also provide operation power to the transmitter when connected. Note that the USB cables do not provide power to the sensor heating.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 22 Connection cable options
Cable name Connector on sensor end
M8 female
Connector on user end
USB type A
Order code
USB service cable (1.4 m)
USB RS-232/RS-485 cable (1.4 m)
2-meter cable
10-meter cable
40-meter cable
10-meter extension cable
50-meter cable
M12 female
M12 female
M12 female
No connector; open end wires
M12 female
M12 female
USB type A
No connector; open end wires
No connector; open end wires
No connector; open end wires
M12 male
No connector; open end wires
220614
(includes Vaisala
Configuration
Tool)
220782
222287
222288
217020
CBL210679
245931
1) If you use heating, you need a 24 VDC power supply with the 50-meter cable.
If you use the USB RS-232/RS-485 cable for a permanent installation, Vaisala recommends that you use the WSP152 surge protector to protect the host PC against surges entering through the USB port.
6.3 Connecting with service cable
The USB service cable has a 4-pin M8 connector for service port. Use the service cable connection for checking and changing device settings. When making the changes, use the
Vaisala Configuration Tool or a standard PC terminal program.
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Chapter 6 – Connection options
Figure 25 Service cable connection
The USB service cable is included in the Service Pack 2.
When you connect the USB service cable between the service connector and PC USB port, the service port settings are forced automatically to RS-232 / 19200, 8, N, 1, and the main serial port at the M12 connector at the screw terminals is disabled.
1. Use the USB service cable to establish a connection between the USB port of your PC and the M8 service port connector on the bottom plate of the transmitter.
2. Open the Vaisala Configuration Tool or a terminal program.
3. Select the COM port reserved for the USB cable and select the following default communication settings:
19200, 8, N, 1.
4. Use the Vaisala Configuration Tool or a terminal program to make the configuration changes.
5. When removing the service cable, support the transmitter while pulling the 4-pin M8 connector for service port. The connection is tight, and it is possible to change the alignment of the transmitter if you pull too hard.
Changes to the serial interface/communication protocol/baud settings take place when you disconnect the service cable or reset the transmitter.
If these settings are not changed during the service connection session, the original main port settings (at M12 and screw terminals) are returned when the service cable is disconnected from either end.
More information
‣
Communication setting commands (page 78)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
6.3.1 Connecting through M12 bottom connector or screw terminal
You can check and change the device settings through the 8-pin M12 bottom connector or screw terminal.
To do this, you must know the device communication settings, have a suitable cable between the device and the host, and, if needed, use a converter (for example, RS-485/422 to RS-232, if the host is a PC). The following table shows the factory default settings:
Table 23 Default serial communication settings for M12/screw terminal connection
Serial interface
SDI-12
RS-232 ASCII
RS-485 ASCII
RS-422 ASCII
RS-422 NMEA
Serial settings
1200 baud, 7, E, 1
19200 baud, 8, N, 1
19200 baud, 8, N, 1
19200 baud, 8, N, 1
4800 baud, 8, N, 1
6.4 Communication setting commands
In this section, the commands the user types are presented in normal text while the responses of the transmitter are presented in
italic
.
6.4.1 Checking current communication settings (aXU)
Use this command to request the current communication settings.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXU<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXXU!
a
XU
XXU
Device address, which can consist of the following characters:
0 (default) ... 9, A ... Z, a ... z.
Device settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Device settings command in SDI-12
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Chapter 6 – Connection options
<cr><lf>
!
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
Example response in ASCII and NMEA 0183:
aXU,A=a,M=[M],T=[T],C=[C],I=[I],B=[B],D=[D],P=[P],S=[S],
L=[L],N=[N],V=[V]<cr><lf>
Example response in SDI-12:
aXXU,A=a,M=[M],T=[T],C=[C],I=[I],B=[B],D=[D],P=[P],S=[S],
L=[L],N=[N],V=[V]<cr><lf>
You can add the Id information field in the supervisor data message to provide identifying information in addition to the transmitter address. The information field is set as part of the factory settings. You can only modify it with the Vaisala
Configuration Tool.
More information
‣
‣
General unit settings (page 195)
6.4.2 Settings fields
Parameter
a
XU
XXU
[A]
Description
Device address
Device settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Device settings command in SDI-12
Address: 0 (default) … 9, A … Z, a … z
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Parameter
[M]
[T]
[C]
[I]
[B]
[D]
[P]
[S]
[L]
[N]
[V]
Description
Communication protocol:
A = ASCII, automatic a = ASCII, automatic with CRC
P = ASCII, polled p = ASCII, polled, with CRC
N = NMEA 0183 v3.0, automatic
Q = NMEA 0183 v3.0, query (= polled)
S = SDI-12 v1.3
R = SDI-12 v1.3 continuous measurement
Test parameter (for testing use only)
Serial interface:
1 = SDI-12
2 = RS-232
3 = RS-485
4 = RS-422
Automatic repeat interval for Composite data message: 1 … 3600 s, 0 = no automatic repeat
Baud rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200
Data bits: 7/8
Parity:
O = Odd
E = Even
N = None
Stop bits: 1/2
RS-485 line delay: 0 … 10000 ms. Defines the delay between the last character of the query and the first character of the response message from the transmitter. During the delay, the transmitter is disabled. Effective in ASCII, polled and NMEA 0183 query protocols. Effective when RS-485 is selected (C = 3).
Name of the device: WXT536 (read-only)
Software version: for example, 1.00 (read-only)
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Chapter 6 – Connection options
Parameter
[H]
Description
Parameter locking
0 = Parameters can be changed
1 = Parameters locked. Vaisala recommends that you set this parameter to 1 after you have configuration. This prevents accidental changes, for instance, in RS- 485 use when there is interference.
<cr><lf> Response terminator
There are two SDI-12 modes available for providing the functionality of the SDI-12 v1.3 standard.
The lowest power consumption is achieved with the Native SDI-12 mode
( aXU,M=S ), as it makes measurements and outputs data only on request.
In the continuous SDI-12 mode ( aXU,M=R ) internal measurements are made at a user-configurable update interval. The data is outputted on request.
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
0XU<cr><lf>
0XU,A=0,M=P,T=0,C=2,I=0,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25,
N=WXT530,V=1.00<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
0XXU!
0XXU,A=0,M=S,T=0,C=1,I=0,B=1200,D=7,P=E,S=1,L=25,
N=WXT530,V=1.00<cr><lf>
6.4.3 Changing the communication settings (aXU)
Use this command to change communication settings.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXU,A=x,M=x,C=x,I=x,B=x,D=x,P=x,S=x,L=x<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXXU,A=x,M=x,C=x,I=x,B=x,D=x,P=x,S=x,L=x!
A, M, C, I, B, D,
P, S,L x
<cr><lf>
The communication setting fields.
Input value for the setting
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
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WXT530 Series User Guide
!
M211840EN-E
Command terminator in SDI-12
When changing the serial interface and communication protocol, note the following:
Each serial interface requires its specific wiring and/or jumper settings.
Change first the serial interface field C and then the communication protocol field
M.
Changing the serial interface to SDI-12 (C=1) automatically changes the baud settings to 1200, 7, E, 1 and the communication protocol to SDI-12 (M=S).
Reset the transmitter to validate the changes of communication parameters by disconnecting the service cable or using the reset command
aXZ
.
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
Changing the device address from 0 to 1:
0XU,A=1<cr><lf>
1XU,A=1<cr><lf>
Checking the changed settings:
1XU<cr><lf>
1XU,A=1,M=P,T=1,C=2,I=0,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25, N=WXT530V=1.00<cr><lf>
Example (ASCII, device address 0):
Changing RS-232 serial interface with ASCII, polled communication protocol and baud settings
19200, 8, N, 1 to RS-485 serial interface with ASCII, automatic protocol and baud settings
9600, 8, N, 1.
Checking the settings:
0XU<cr><lf>
0XU,A=0,M=P,C=2,I=0,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25,N=WXT530, V=1.00<cr><lf>
You can change several parameters in the same command as long as the command length does not exceed 32 characters (including command terminator characters ! or <cr><lf>).You do not have to type setting fields you do not wish to change.
Changing several settings with one command:
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Chapter 6 – Connection options
0XU,M=A,C=3,B=9600<cr><lf>
0XU,M=A,C=3,B=9600<cr><lf>
Checking the changed settings:
0XU<cr><lf>
0XU,A=0,M=A,T=1,C=3,I=0,B=9600,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25, N=WXT530,V=1.00<cr><lf>
More information
‣
‣
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WXT530 Series User Guide
7. Retrieving data messages
Each communication protocol has its own section for data message commands.
Type the commands in CAPITAL letters.
M211840EN-E
The parameter order in messages is as follows:
Wind (M1) : Dn Dm Dx Sn Sm Sx
PTU (M2) : Ta Tp Ua Pa
Rain (M3) : Rc Rd Ri Hc Hd Hi Rp Hp
Supv (M5) : Th Vh Vs Vr Id
Comp (M) : Wind PTU Rain Supv (parameters in above order)
The order of the parameters is fixed, but you can exclude any parameter from the list when configuring the transmitter.
7.1 General commands
With general commands you can reset the transmitter.
If error messaging is disabled, the general commands given in ASCII and NMEA formats do not work.
7.1.1 Reset (aXZ)
This command performs software reset on the device.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXZ<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXZ!
a
XZ
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Reset command
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
The response depends on the communication protocol as shown in the examples.
Example (ASCII):
0XZ<cr><lf>
0TX,Start-up<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12):
0XZ!
0<cr><lf>
(=device address)
Example (NMEA 0183):
0XZ<cr><lf>
$WITXT,01,01,07,Start-up*29
7.1.2 Precipitation counter reset (aXZRU)
This command resets the rain and hail accumulation and duration parameters Rc , Rd , Hc , and
Hd .
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXZRU<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXZRU!
a
XZRU
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Precipitation counter reset command
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
Example (ASCII):
0XZRU<cr><lf>
0TX,Rain reset<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12):
0XZRU!0<cr><lf> (= device address)
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WXT530 Series User Guide
Example (NMEA 0183):
0XZRU<cr><lf>
$WITXT,01,01,10,Rain reset*26<cr><lf>
7.1.3 Precipitation intensity reset (aXZRI)
This command resets the rain and hail intensity parameters Ri , Rp , Hi , and Hp .
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXZRI<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXZRI!
M211840EN-E a
XZRI
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Precipitation intensity reset command
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
The precipitation counter and precipitation intensity parameters are reset also when the supply voltage is disconnected, the command
aXZ
is issued, precipitation counter reset mode is changed, or when the precipitation/surface hits units are changed.
Example (ASCII):
0XZRI<cr><lf>
0TX,Inty reset<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12):
0XZRI!
0<cr><lf>
(= device address)
Example (NMEA 0183):
0XZRI<cr><lf>
$WITXT,01,01,11,Inty reset*39<cr><lf>
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
7.1.4 Measurement reset (aXZM)
This command interrupts all ongoing measurements except rain measurement and restarts them.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aXZM<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXZM!
a
XZM
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Measurement break command
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
Example (ASCII):
0XZM<cr><lf>
0TX,Measurement reset<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12):
0XZM!
0
(= device address)
Example (NMEA 0183):
0XZM<cr><lf>
$WITXT,01,01,09,Measurement reset*50<cr><lf>
7.2 Modbus protocol
Modbus RTU is available for Vaisala Weather Transmitter WXT530 Series from firmware version 3.85 onwards.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Ordering new WXT530 with Modbus
If you want to order a new WXT530 with the Modbus option, use the order code
WXT53X
U
XXXXXXXXXX. The highlighted character (U) defines the needed protocol: RS-485,
Modbus RTU, client, 19200 baud, 8, E, 1.
To use Modbus with an existing WXT530, see
Using Modbus with old WXT530 (page 57)
.
WXT530 default Modbus settings
When you order WXT530 with Modbus, the default settings are the following:
Setting WXT530 default value
CLI mode (RS-485 ASCII polled)
Baud 19200, 8, N, 1
Baud service port
RS-232 19200, 8, N, 1
Address 0
WXT530 default value
Modbus mode
1
19200, 8, E, 1
RS-485 19200, 8, E, 1
1) RS-232 19200, 8, N, 1 is the service port setting for all WXT530 communication interface options except Modbus.
You can change WXT530 Modbus address by typing the new address to the holding register number 10 (0x0009).
To use the Modbus protocol:
• Make sure the firmware is 3.85, or newer. If not, update the firmware. See Updating
.
• Change from the CLI mode to the Modbus mode. See
Changing from CLI mode to Modbus mode (page 56) .
More information
‣
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
7.3 ASCII protocol
7.3.1 Abbreviations and units
Table 24 Abbreviations and units
Abbreviation Name
Hp
Th
Vh
Vs
Vr
Id
Hc
Hd
Hi
Ua
Rc
Rd
Ri
Rp
Pa
Ta
Tp
Dn
Dm
Dx
Sn
Sm
Sx
Wind speed minimum
Wind speed average
Wind speed maximum
Wind direction minimum
Wind direction average
Wind direction maximum
Air pressure
Air temperature
Internal temperature
Relative humidity
Rain accumulation
Rain duration
Rain intensity
Rain peak intensity
Hail accumulation
Hail duration
Hail intensity
Hail peak intensity
Heating temperature
Heating voltage
Supply voltage
3.5 V ref. voltage
Information field
Unit
Status
m/s, km/h, mph, knots m/s, km/h, mph, knots m/s, km/h, mph, knots
#, M, K, S, N
#, M, K, S, N
#, M, K, S, N deg deg deg
#, D
#, D
#, D hPa, Pa, bar, mmHg, inHg #, H, P, B, M, I
°C, °F #, C, F
°C, °F #, C, F
V
V
%RH mm, in s mm/h, in/h mm/h, in/h hits/cm
2 s
, hits/in
2
, hits
#, P
#, M, I
#, S
#, M, I
#, M, I hits/cm
2 h, hits/in
2 h, hits/h #, M, I, H hits/cm
2 h, hits/in
2 h, hits/h #, M, I, H
°C, °F
V
#, M, I, H
#, S alphanumeric
V
V
#, C, F
1) The letters in the status field indicate the unit, the # character indicates invalid data.
2) For heating # = heating option is not available (has not been ordered).
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WXT530 Series User Guide
Device address query command
Command terminator
M211840EN-E
N = heating option is available but have been disabled by user or the heating temperature is over the high control limit.
V = heating is on at 50% duty cycle and the heating temperature is between the high and middle control limits.
W = heating is on at 100% duty cycle and the heating temperature is between the low and middle control limits.
F = heating is on at 50% duty cycle and the heating temperature is below the low control limit.
7.3.2 Device address (?)
This command queries the address of the device on the bus.
Command format:
?<cr><lf>
?
<cr><lf>
Response:
b<cr><lf>
b
<cr><lf>
Device address (default = 0)
Response terminator.
Example:
?<cr><lf>
0<cr><lf>
7.3.3 Acknowledge active command (a)
This command checks that a device responds to a data recorder or another device. It asks a sensor to acknowledge its presence on the bus.
Command format: a<cr><lf>
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages a
<cr><lf>
Response:
a<cr><lf>
a
<cr><lf>
Example:
0<cr><lf>
0<cr><lf>
Device address
Command terminator
Device address
Response terminator a
R1
Dn
Dm
Dx
Sn
Sm
Sx
7.3.4 Wind data message (aR1)
This command requests the wind data message.
Command format: aR1<cr><lf> a
R1
<cr><lf>
Device address
Wind message query command
Command terminator
Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable):
0R1,Dn=236D,Dm=283D,Dx=031D,Sn=0.0M,Sm=1.0M, Sx=2.2M<cr><lf>
Device address
Wind message query command
Wind direction minimum (D = degrees)
Wind direction average (D = degrees)
Wind direction maximum (D = degrees)
Wind speed minimum (M = m/s)
Wind speed average (M = m/s)
Wind speed maximum (M = m/s)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
<cr><lf>
Response terminator
7.3.5 Pressure, temperature and humidity data message (aR2)
This command requests a pressure, temperature, and humidity data message.
Command format: aR2<cr><lf> a
R2
<cr><lf>
Device address
Pressure, temperature and humidity message query command
Command terminator
Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable):
0R2,Ta=23.6C,Ua=14.2P,Pa=1026.6H<cr><lf>
a
R2
Ta
Ua
Pa
<cr><lf>
Device address
Pressure, temperature and humidity message query command
Air temperature (C = °C)
Relative humidity (P = % RH)
Air pressure (H = hPa)
Response terminator
7.3.6 Precipitation data message (aR3)
This command requests the precipitation data message.
Command format: aR3<cr><lf> a
R3
<cr><lf>
Device address
Precipitation message query command
Command terminator
Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable):
0R3,Rc=0.0M,Rd=0s,Ri=0.0M,Hc=0.0M,Hd=0s,Hi=0.0M,Rp=0.0M,Hp=0.0M<cr><lf>
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages a
R3
Rc
Rd
Ri
Hc
Hd
Hi
Rp
Hp
<cr><lf>
Device address
Precipitation message query command
Rain accumulation (M = mm)
Rain duration (s = s)
Rain intensity (M = mm/h)
Hail accumulation (M = hits/cm
2
)
Hail duration (s = s)
Hail intensity (M = hits/cm
2 h)
Rain peak intensity (M = mm/h)
Hail peak intensity (M = hits/cm
2 h)
Response terminator
7.3.7 Supervisor data message (aR5)
This command requests a supervisor data message containing self-check parameters of the heating system and power supply voltage.
Command format:
aR5<cr><lf
> a
R5
<cr><lf>
Device address
Supervisor message query command
Command terminator
Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable):
0R5,Th=25.9C,Vh=12.0N,Vs=15.2V,Vr=3.475V,Id=HEL___<cr><lf>
a
R5
Th
Vh
Vs
Vr
<cr><lf>
Device address
Supervisor message query command
Heating temperature (C = °C)
Heating voltage (N = heating is off)
Supply voltage (V = V)
3.5 V reference voltage (V = V)
Response terminator
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Id
Information field
The content of the parameter
Id
is a text string which you can modify with the Vaisala
Configuration Tool. The field can include customer-specific, additional information. For more information on changing the settings, see the Vaisala Configuration Tool online help for the
Info
field in the
Device Settings
window.
More information
‣
7.3.8 Combined data message (aR)
This command requests all individual messages aR1
, aR2
, aR3
, and aR5
with one command.
Command format: aR<cr><lf> a
R
<cr><lf>
Device address (default = 0)
Combined message query command
Command terminator
Example response:
0R1,Dm=027D,Sm=0.1M<cr><lf>
0R2,Ta=74.6F,Ua=14.7P,Pa=1012.9H<cr><lf>
0R3,Rc=0.10M,Rd=2380s,Ri=0.0M,Hc=0.0M,Hd=0s, Hi=0.0M<cr><lf>
0R5,Th=76.1F,Vh=11.5N,Vs=11.5V,Vr=3.510V,Id=HEL___<cr><lf>
7.3.9 Composite data message query (aR0)
This command requests a combined data message with user-configurable set of wind, pressure, temperature, humidity, precipitation, and supervisor data.
Command format: aR0<cr><lf> a
R0
<cr><lf>
Device address (default = 0)
Combined message query command
Command terminator
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
Example of the response (you can select the parameters included from the full parameter set of the commands aR1, aR2, aR3, and aR5):
0R0,Dx=005D,Sx=2.8M,Ta=23.0C,Ua=30.0P,Pa=1028.2H,
Rc=0.00M,Rd=10s,Th=23.6C<cr><lf>
7.3.10 Polling with CRC
Use the same data query commands as in the previous sections but type the first letter of the command in lower case and add a correct three-character CRC before the command terminator. The response also contains a CRC.
Requesting a wind data message with a CRC:
Command format: ar1xxx<cr><lf> a
r1 xxx
<cr><lf>
Device address
Wind message query command
Three-character CRC for
ar1
command
Command terminator
Example of the response (the parameter set is configurable):
0r1,Dn=236D,Dm=283D,Dx=031D,Sn=0.0M,Sm=1.0M,Sx=2.2MLFj<cr><lf>
The three characters before <cr><lf> are the CRC for the response.
To request the correct CRC for each command, type the command with an arbitrary three-character CRC.
Example of asking the CRC for the wind data message query ar1:
Command format: ar1yyy<cr><lf> a
r1 yyy
<cr><lf>
Device address
Wind message query command
Arbitrary three-character CRC
Command terminator
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WXT530 Series User Guide
Response:
atX,Use chksum GoeIU~<cr><lf>
M211840EN-E a
tX,Use chksum
Goe
IU~
<cr><lf>
Device address (default = 0)
Text prompt
Correct three-character CRC for the
ar1
command
Three-character CRC for the response message
Response terminator
Example of the other data query commands with CRC (when the device address is 0):
Parameter Description
Pressure, humidity and temperature message query
0r2Gje<cr><lf>
Precipitation query
Supervisor query
0r3Kid<cr><lf>
0r5Kcd<cr><lf>
Combined message query 0rBVT<cr><lf>
Composite data message query
0r0Kld<cr><lf>
In every case the response contains a three-character CRC before the <cr><lf>.
More information
‣
‣
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
7.3.11 Automatic mode
When the automatic ASCII protocol is selected, the transmitter sends data messages at userconfigurable update intervals.
The message structure is the same as with data query commands
aR1
,
aR2
,
aR3
, and
aR5
.
You can choose an individual update interval for each sensor.
Example:
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
0R1,Dm=027D,Sm=0.1M<cr><lf>
0R2,Ta=74.6F,Ua=14.7P,Pa=1012.9H<cr><lf>
0R3,Rc=0.10M,Rd=2380s,Ri=0.0M,Hc=0.0M,Hd=0s,Hi=0.0M<cr><lf>
0R5,Th=76.1F,Vh=11.5N,Vs=11.5V,Vr=3.510V<cr><lf>
Example (with CRC):
0r1,Sn=0.1M,Sm=0.1M,Sx=0.1MGOG<cr><lf>
0r2,Ta=22.7C,Ua=55.5P,Pa=1004.7H@Fn<cr><lf>
0r3,Rc=0.00M,Rd=0s,Ri=0.0MIlm<cr><lf>
0r5,Th=25.0C,Vh=10.6#,Vs=10.8V,Vr=3.369VO]T<cr><lf>
Stop the automatic output by changing the communication protocol to polled mode (
aXU,M=P
). You can also use polling commands
aR1
,
aR2
,
aR3
, and
aR5
in
ASCII automatic protocol for requesting data.
7.3.12 Automatic composite data message (aR0)
When automatic composite data messaging is selected, the transmitter sends composite data messages at user-configurable intervals. The message structure is the same as with the composite data query command
aR0
and contains a user-configurable set of wind, pressure, temperature, humidity, precipitation, and supervisor data.
Example of the response (you can select the parameters included from the full parameter set of the commands aR1, aR2, aR3, and aR5):
0R0,Dx=005D,Sx=2.8M,Ta=23.0C,Ua=30.0P,Pa=1028.2H,
Hd=0.00M,Rd=10s,Th=23.6C<cr><lf>
Automatic composite data messaging is a concurrent, not an alternate mode to either the polled or automatic modes.
7.4 SDI-12 protocol
There are 2 modes available for providing the functionality of the SDI-12 v1.3 standard.
The native SDI-12 profile (
aXU,M=S
) offers the lowest power consumption as it makes measurements and outputs data only when requested. In this mode all the commands presented in this chapter are available except those for the continuous measurement.
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In the continuous mode (
aXU,M=R
) measurements are made at user-configurable update intervals. The data is outputted on request. In this mode all the commands presented in this chapter are available.
In the native SDI-12 mode (
aXU,M=S
) the transmitter is in idle state most of the time (power consumption < 1 mW). More power is consumed only during the measurements and data transmit requested by the host device.
In particular, wind measurement typically consumes 60 mW average power (with 4 Hz sampling rate), throughout the averaging period. In the continuous mode (
aXU=M,R
) the power consumption is determined by the internal update intervals of the sensors and wind averaging time. These have certain limits, so very long measurement intervals cannot be achieved with this mode. Also the power consumption between the measurements is about three times that of the native mode.
More information
‣
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
7.4.1 Address query command (?)
This command queries the address of the device on the bus.
If more than one sensor is connected to the bus, they all respond, causing a bus collision.
Command format:
?!
?
!
Response:
a<cr><lf>
Address query command
Command terminator a Device address (default = 0)
<cr><lf>
Response terminator
Example (device address 0):
?!
0<cr><lf>
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
7.4.2 Acknowledge active command (a)
This command checks that a device responds to a data recorder or another SDI-12 device. It asks device to acknowledge its presence on the SDI-12 bus.
Command format: a!
a
!
Response: a<cr><lf>
Device address
Command terminator a
<cr><lf>
Example:
0!
0<cr><lf>
Device address
Response terminator
7.4.3 Change address command (aAb)
This command changes the device address. After the command has been issued and responded to, the sensor is not required to respond to another command for one second to ensure writing the new address to the non-volatile memory.
Command format: aAb!
a
A
b
!
Response:
b<cr><lf>
Device address
Change address command
Address to change to
Command terminator
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E b
<cr><lf>
Device address = the new address (or the original address, if the device is unable to change it)
Response terminator
Example (changing address from 0 to 3):
0A3!3
<cr><lf>
7.4.4 Send identification command (aI)
This command queries the device for the SDI-12 compatibility level, model number, firmware version, and serial number.
Command format: aI!
a
I
!
Device address
Send identification command
Command terminator
Response:
a13ccccccccmmmmmmvvvxxxxxxxx<cr><lf>
a
13 cccccccc mmmmmm vvv xxxxxxxx
<cr><lf>
Device address
The SDI-12 version number, indicating SDI-12 version compatibility; for example, version 1.3 is encoded as 13
8-character vendor identification Vaisala_
6 characters specifying the sensor model number
3 characters specifying the firmware version
8-character serial number
Response terminator
Example:
0I!
013VAISALA_WXT530103Y2630000<cr><lf>
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
7.4.5 Start measurement command (aM)
This command asks the device to make a measurement. The measured data is not sent automatically. You must request it with the Send data command
aD
.
The host device is not allowed to send any commands to other devices on the bus until the measurement is completed.
When several devices are connected to the same bus and simultaneous measurements from the many devices are needed, use start concurrent measurement
aC
or start concurrent measurement with CRC
aCC
.
Command format: aMx!
a
M
x
!
Device address
Start measurement command
The desired sensor to make the measurement
1 = Wind
2 = Temperature, humidity, pressure
3 = Precipitation
4 = Analog input
5 = Supervisor
If x is left out, the query refers to the combined data message used for requesting data from several sensors with one command.
Command terminator
For analog input measurements, the measurement completing time is the bigger one of the
aUI,A
and
aIP,A
values (averaging times for solar radiation, ultrasonic level sensor and Aux.temperature).
The response is sent in two parts.
Part one: atttn<cr><lf>
Part two (indicates that the data is ready to be requested): a<cr><lf>
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E a ttt n
<cr><lf>
Device address
The measurement completing time in seconds
The number of the measured parameters available (maximum number is
9)
Response terminator
When the measurement takes less than one second, part two of the response is not sent. This is the case in the precipitation measurement
aM3
.
The maximum number of parameters that can be measured with
aM
and
aMC
commands is nine. If more parameters must be measured, use Start concurrent measurement commands
aC
and
aCC
(for which the maximum number of parameters to be measured is 20).
More information
‣
Examples of aM, aC and aD commands (page 105)
‣
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
‣
Start concurrent measurement (aC) (page 102)
‣
Start concurrent measurement with CRC (aCC) (page 103)
7.4.6 Start measurement command with CRC (aMC)
Command format: aMCx!
This command asks the device to make a measurement and a three-character CRC is added to the response data strings before <cr><lf>.
To request the measured data, use the Send data command
aD
.
More information
‣
Send data command (aD) (page 104)
7.4.7 Start concurrent measurement (aC)
Use this command when there are several devices on the same bus and simultaneous measurements are needed from the devices, or if more than 9 measurement parameters are requested from a single device.
The measured data is not sent automatically. You must request it with the Send data command
aD
.
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages a
C
x
Command format: aCx!
Device address
Start concurrent measurement command
The desired measurement
1 = Wind
2 = Temperature, humidity, and pressure
3 = Precipitation
4 = Analog input
5 = Supervisor
If x is left out, the query refers to combined data message in which the user can request data from several sensors with just one command. See the following example.
Command terminator !
Response:
atttnn<cr><lf>
a ttt nn
<cr><lf>
Device address
The measurement completing time in seconds
The number of the measured parameters available (maximum number is
20)
Response terminator
For information on changing the message parameters, units and other settings,
see Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
.
7.4.8 Start concurrent measurement with CRC (aCC)
Command format: aCCx!
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Use this command when there are several devices on the same bus and simultaneous measurements are needed from the devices but a three-character CRC is added to the response data strings before <cr><lf>.
To request the measured data, use the Send data command
aD
.
7.4.9 Send data command (aD)
Use this command to request the measured data from the device.
Start measurement command indicates the number of parameters available. The number of the parameters that can be included in a single message depends on the number of characters in the data fields. If not all the parameters are retrieved in a single response message, repeat the Send data commands until all the data is obtained.
Command format: aDx!
a
D
x
!
Response: a+
<data fields><cr><lf>
Device address
Send data command
The order of consecutive Send data commands. Make sure the first
Send data command is addressed with x=0. If all the parameters are not retrieved, send the next Send data command with x=1 and so on. The maximum value for x is 9.
Command terminator a
<data fields>
<cr><lf>
Device address
The measured parameters in selected units, separated with '+' marks (or marks in case of negative parameter values).
Response terminator
aD0
command can also be used to break the measurement in progress started with commands
aM
,
aMC
,
aC
, or
aCC
.
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
In SDI-12 v1.3 Continuous measurement mode (
aXU,M=R
) the sensor makes measurements at configurable update intervals. The
aD
command following the
aM
,
aMC
,
aC,
or
aCC
command always returns the latest updated data. Thus in
aXU,M=R
mode issuing consecutive
aD
commands can result in different data strings if the values are updated between the commands.
7.4.10 Examples of aM, aC and aD commands
The parameter order in messages:
Wind (M1)
: Dn Dm Dx Sn Sm Sx
PTU (M2)
: Ta Tp Ua Pa
Rain (M3)
: Rc Rd Ri Hc Hd Hi Rp Hp
Supv (M5)
: Th Vh Vs Vr Id
Comp (M)
: Wind PTU Rain Supv (parameters in above order)
The order of the parameters is fixed, but you can exclude any parameter from the list when configuring the transmitter.
The parameter order in SDI-12 mode:
Analog in (M4)
: Tr Ra Sl Rt Sr
The device address is 0 in all examples.
Example 1:
Start a wind measurement and request the data (all 6 wind parameters are enabled in the message):
0M1!
00036<cr><lf>
(measurement ready in 3 seconds and 6 parameters available)
0<cr><lf>
(measurement completed)
0D0!
0+339+018+030+0.1+0.1+0.1<cr><lf>
Example 2:
Start a concurrent pressure, humidity and temperature measurement and request the data:
0C2!
000503<cr><lf>
(measurement ready in 5 seconds and 3 parameters available, for
aC
command device address not sent as a sign of a completed measurement)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
0D0!
0+23.6+29.5+1009.5<cr><lf>
Example 3:
Start a precipitation measurement and request the data:
0M3!
00006<cr><lf>
(6 parameters available immediately, thus the device address is not sent)
0D0!
0+0.15+20+0.0+0.0+0+0.0<cr><lf>
Example 4:
Start a supervisor measurement with CRC and request the data:
0MC5!
00014<cr><lf>
(measurement ready in one second and 4 parameters available)
0<cr><lf>
(measurement completed)
0D0!
0+34.3+10.5+10.7+3.366DpD<cr><lf>
Example 5:
Start a composite measurement and request the data. The configuration of the parameter set is such that 9 parameters are available. Thus start measurement command
aM
can be used.
Due to the 35-character limit in response message,
aD0
returns only 6 parameters. The remaining parameters are retrieved with
aD1
.
0M!
00059<cr><lf>
(measurement ready in 5 seconds and 9 parameters available)
0<cr><lf>
(measurement completed)
0D0!
0+340+0.1+23.7+27.9+1009.3+0.15<cr><lf>
0D1!
0+0.0+0+0.0<cr><lf>
Example 6:
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
Start a composite measurement and request the data. The configuration of the parameter set is such that 20 parameters are available. Thus Start concurrent measurement command
aC
is used. Due to the 75-character limit in response message,
aD0
returns only 14 parameters. The remaining parameters are retrieved with
aD1
.
0C!
000520<cr><lf>
(measurement ready in 5 seconds and 20 parameters available, for
aC
command device address not sent as a sign of a completed measurement))
0D0!
0+069+079+084+0.1+0.6+1.1+21.1+21.7+32.0+1000.3+0.02+20+0.0+0.0<cr><lf>
0D1!0+0+0.0+1.3+0.0+0+77.1<cr><lf> a
R
x
7.4.11 Continuous measurement (aR)
The device can be configured so that all the parameters can be requested instantly with the command
aR
instead of the two-phase request procedure of commands
aM
,
aMC
,
aC
,
aCC
, and
aD
.
In this case the obtained parameter values are those from the latest internal updating. For
details on setting update intervals, see Sensor configuration and data message formatting
.
For using Continuous measurement commands for all WXT530 series parameters
(wind, PTU, precipitation, and supervisor) the select the respective protocol
(
aXU,M=R
).
The
M=S
selection requires use of
aM
,
aMC
,
aC
,
aCC
, and
aD
commands, only the precipitation data can be retrieved continuously (using
aR3
command).
Command format: aRx!
Device address
Start continuous measurement command:
The desired sensor to make the measurement:
1 = Wind
2 = Temperature, humidity, pressure
3 = Precipitation
5 = Supervisor
If x is left out, the query refers to the combined data message used for requesting data from several sensors with just one command.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
!
Command terminator
Response:
a+<data fields><cr><lf>
a
<data fields>
<cr><lf>
Device address
The measured parameters in selected units, separated with '+' marks (or '-' marks in case of negative parameter values). The maximum number of parameters to be measured with one request is 15.
Response terminator
Examples (device address 0):
0R1!
0+323+331+351+0.0+0.4+3.0<cr><lf>
0R3!
0+0.15+20+0.0+0.0+0+0.0+0.0+0.0<cr><lf>
0R!
0+178+288+001+15.5+27.4+38.5+23.9+35.0+1002.1+0.00+0+0.0+23.8<cr><lf>
7.4.12 Continuous measurement with CRC (aRC)
Command format: aRCx!
The device can be configured so that all the parameters can be requested instantly with the command
aRC
but a three-character CRC is added to the response data strings before
<cr><lf> .
Example (device address 0):
0RC3!
0+0.04+10+14.8+0.0+0+0.0INy
7.5 NMEA 0183 v3.0 protocol
This section lists the data query commands and data message formats for the NMEA 0183 v3.0
query and automatic protocols.
A 2-character checksum (CRC) field is transmitted in all data request sentences.
More information
‣
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
‣
108
7.5.1 Device address (?)
This command queries the address of the device on the bus.
Command format:
?<cr><lf>
Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
?
<cr><lf>
Response:
b<cr><lf>
Device address query command
Command terminator b
<cr><lf>
Device address (default = 0)
Response terminator.
Example:
?<cr><lf>
0<cr><lf>
If more than one transmitter is connected to the bus, see
Connecting several transmitters on same bus (page 174)
.
7.5.2 Acknowledge active command (a)
This command checks that a device responds to a data recorder or another device. It asks a sensor to acknowledge its presence on the bus.
Command format: a<cr><lf> a
<cr><lf>
Response:
a<cr><lf>
a
Device address
Command terminator
Device address
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
<cr><lf>
Example:
0<cr><lf>
0<cr><lf>
Response terminator
7.5.3 MWV wind speed and direction query
Use the
MWV
query command to request the wind speed and direction data. To use the
MWV
query, the NMEA Wind formatter parameter in the wind sensor settings must be set to W .
The
MWV
command only queries only wind speed and direction average values.
Command:
$--WIQ,MWV*hh<cr><lf>
$
WI
MWV x.x
R y.y
M
$
--
WI
Q
MWV
*
hh
<cr><lf>
Start of the message
Device identifier of the requester
Device type identifier (WI = weather instrument)
Defines the message as Query
Wind speed and direction query command
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the query command.
Command terminator
Response:
$WIMWV,x.x,R,y.y,M,A*hh<cr><lf>
Start of the message
Talker identifier (WI = weather instrument)
Wind speed and direction response identifier
Wind direction unit (R = relative)
Wind speed value
Wind speed unit (m/s)
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
A
* hh
<cr><lf>
Data status: A = valid, V = Invalid
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the response
Response terminator
1) Wind direction is given in relation to the devices north-south axis. An offset value to the measured direction can be set, see Chapter 8.
The checksum typed in the query depends on the device identifier characters. To find the correct checksum in the WXT530 series transmitters, type any three characters after the
$--
WIQ,MWV
command.
Example
If you type the command
$--WIQ,MWVxxx<cr><lf>
(xxx arbitrary characters) , the transmitter responds:
$WITXT,01,01,08,Use chksum 2F*72<cr><lf>
which indicates that
2F
is the correct checksum for the
$--WIQ,MWV
command.
Example
$--WIQ,MWV*2F<cr><lf>
$WIMWV,282,R,0.1,M,A*37<cr><lf>
(Wind angle 282 degrees, Wind speed 0.1 m/s)
More information
‣
XDR transducer measurement query (page 111)
7.5.4 XDR transducer measurement query
The
XDR
query command outputs the data of all sensors except wind.
To request wind data with the
XDR
command, set the NMEA Wind formatter parameter in the wind sensor settings to T.
Command:
$--WIQ,XDR*hh<cr><lf>
$
--
Start of the message
Device identifier of the requester
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
WI
Q
XDR
*
hh
<cr><lf>
Device type identifier (WI = weather instrument)
Defines the message as Query
Transducer measurement command
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the query command.
Command terminator
The response includes the parameters activated in the data messages.
The parameter order in the output is as shown in the parameter selection setting field. See
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
.
Response:
$WIXDR,a1,x.x1,u1,c--c1, ... ... ..an,x.xn,un,c--cn*hh<cr><lf>
$
WI
XDR a
u
c--c
1 an x.xn
un c--cn
* hh
<cr><lf>
Start of the message
Device type identifier (WI = weather instrument)
Transducer measurement response identifier
Transducer type for the first transducer, see the following transducer table.
Measurement data from the first transducer
Units of the first transducer measurement, see the following transducer table.
First transducer identification (id). The transmitter’s address aXU,A is added as a base number to the transducer id. (command aXU,A= [0 ... 9/A ... Z/a ... z].
Transducer type for the transducer n, see the following transducer table.
Measurement data from the transducer n
Units of the transducer n measurement, see the following transducer table.
Transducer n id. the transmitter's address aXU,A is added as a base number to the
Transducer #ID. The address is changeable, see command
aXU,A= [0 ... 9/
A ... Z/a ... z]
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the response
Response terminator
1) NMEA-format transmits only numbers as transducer ids. If the transmitter address is given as a letter, it is shown as a number (0 ... 9, A = 10, B = 11, a = 36, b = 37 etc.)
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
The checksum to be typed in the query depends on the device identifier characters and can be asked from the WXT530 Series, see example below.
Example:
Typing the command
$--WIQ,XDRxxx<cr><lf>
(xxx arbitrary characters) the transmitter responds
$WITXT,01,01,08,Use chksum 2D*72<cr><lf>
indicating that 2D is the correct checksum for the
$--WIQ,XDR
command.
If there are several distinct measurements of the same parameter (according to the transducer table), they are assigned different transducer ids.
For example, minimum, average and maximum wind speed are measurements of the same parameter (wind speed) so if all three are configured to be shown in the XDR message, they get transducer ids A, A+1 and A+2, respectively, where A is the transmitter address
aXU,A
. The same applies for the wind direction. Temperature, internal temperature and heating temperature have the same unit, thus they are assigned with transducer ids A, A+1 and A+2, respectively. Accumulation, duration and intensity for rainfall and hails are measurements of the same parameters so they get transducer ids A for rainfall and A+1 for hails. Rain and hail peak intensities are assigned with transducer ids A+2 and A+3, respectively.
For example, for a transmitter with device address 0 the transducer ids of all the measurement parameters are as follows:
Table 25 Transducer IDs of measurement parameters
Measurement
Wind direction min
Wind direction average
Wind direction max
Wind speed min
Wind speed average
Wind speed max
Pressure
Air temperature
Internal temperature
Relative humidity
Rain accumulation
Rain duration
Rain current intensity
Transducer ID
1
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
Type
C
C
H
S
S
P
V
Z
R
A
A
A
S
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Measurement
Hail accumulation
Hail duration
Hail current intensity
Rain peak intensity
Hail peak intensity
Heating temperature
Heating voltage
Supply voltage
3.5 V reference voltage
Information field
Aux. rain (tipping bucket)
Solar radiation
Ultrasonic level sensor
Aux. temperature (pt1000)
Transducer ID
1
1
4
3
4
3
1
0
2
1
1
2
3
2
Type
V
G
V
U
U
C
U
U
U
Z
R
R
R
C
To ensure correct XDR response, activate either hail accumulation or Aux. rain
(tipping bucket), not both at the same time.
Example of the XDR Query (all parameters of each sensor enabled and NMEA wind formatter set to T):
$--WIQ,XDR*2D<cr><lf>
Example of the response when all the parameters of each sensor are enabled (NMEA wind formatter set to T):
Wind sensor data
$WIXDR,A,302,D,0,A,320,D,1,A,330,D,2,S,0.1,M,0,S,0.2,M,1,S,0.2, M,2*57<cr><lf>
P, T, and RH data
$WIXDR,C,23.3,C,0,C,24.0,C,1,H,50.1,P,0,P,1009.5,H, 0*75<cr><lf>
Precipitation data
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
M
1
M
S
0.2
A
330
D
2
S
0.1
S
0.2
M
D
1
0
A
320
$
WI
XDR
A
302
D
$WIXDR,V,0.02,M,0,Z,30,s,0,R,2.7,M,0,V,0.0,M,1,Z,0,s,1,R,0.0,M,1,
R,6.3,M,2,R,0.0,M,3*51<cr><lf>
Supervisor data
$WIXDR,C,20.4,C,2,U,12.0,N,0,U,12.5,V,1,U,3.460,V,2,G,HEL/___,,4*2D
The structure of the wind sensor response message:
Start of the message
Device type (WI = weather instrument)
Transducer measurement response identifier
Transducer id 0 type (wind direction)
Transducer id 0 data (min wind direction)
Transducer id 0 units (degrees, min wind direction)
Transducer id for min wind direction
Transducer id 1 type (wind direction)
Transducer id 1 data (average wind direction)
Transducer id 1 units (degrees, average wind direction)
Transducer id for average wind direction
Transducer id 2 type (wind direction)
Transducer id 2 data (max wind direction)
Transducer id 2 units (degrees, max wind direction)
Transducer id for max wind direction
Transducer id 0 type (wind speed)
Transducer id 0 data (min wind speed)
Transducer id for min wind speed
Transducer id 1 type (wind speed)
Transducer id 1 data (average wind speed)
Transducer id 1 units (m/s, average wind speed)
Transducer id for average wind speed
Transducer id 2 type (wind speed)
Transducer id 2 data (max wind speed)
Transducer id 2 units (m/s, max wind speed)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
2
*
57
<cr><lf>
Transducer id for max wind speed
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the response
Response terminator
The structure of the pressure, temperature and humidity sensor response message:
0
P
H
50.1
P
1009.1
H
0
*
75
<cr><lf>
C
0
C
23.3
C
1
$
WI
XDR
C
23.3
Start of the message
Device type (WI = weather instrument)
Transducer measurement response identifier
Transducer id 0 type (Temperature), see the following Transducer table
Transducer id 0 data (Temperature)
Transducer id 0 units (C, Temperature)
Transducer id for Temperature
Transducer id 1 type (temperature)
Transducer id 1 data (Tp internal temperature)
Transducer id 1 units (C, Tp internal temperature)
Transducer id for Tp internal temperature
Transducer id 0 type (Humidity)
Transducer id 0 data (Humidity)
Transducer id 0 units (%, Humidity)
Transducer id for Humidity
Transducer id 0 type (Pressure)
Transducer id 0 data (Pressure)
Transducer id 0 units (hPa, Pressure)
Transducer id for Pressure
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the response
Response terminator
The structure of the precipitation sensor response message:
$
WI
Start of the message
Device type (WI = weather instrument)
116
0 s
1
R
0.0
M
1
Z
V
0.0
M s
0
R
2.7
M
0
XDR
V
0.02
I
0
Z
30
M
2
1
R
6.3
R
0.0
M
Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
Transducer measurement response identifier
Transducer id 0 type (Accumulated rainfall)
Transducer id 0 data (Accumulated rainfall)
Transducer id 0 units (mm, Accumulated rainfall)
Transducer id for Accumulated rainfall
Transducer id 0 type (Rain duration)
Transducer id 0 data (Rain duration)
Transducer id 0 units (s, Rain duration)
Transducer id for Rain duration
Transducer id 0 type (Rain intensity)
Transducer id 0 data (Rain intensity)
Transducer id 0 units (mm/h, Rain intensity)
Transducer id for Rain intensity
Transducer id 1 type (Hail accumulation)
Transducer id 1 data (Hail accumulation)
Transducer id 1 units (hits/cm2, Hail accumulation)
Transducer id for Hail accumulation
Transducer id 1 type (Hail duration)
Transducer id 1 data (Hail duration)
Transducer id 1 units (s, Hail duration)
Transducer id for Hail duration
Transducer id 1 type (Hail intensity)
Transducer id 1 data (Hail intensity)
Transducer id 1 units (hits/cm2h, Hail intensity)
Transducer id for Hail intensity
Transducer id 1 type (Rain peak intensity)
Transducer id 1 data (Rain peak intensity)
Transducer id 1 units (mm/h, Rain peak intensity)
Transducer id for Rain peak intensity
Transducer id 1 type (Hail peak intensity)
Transducer id 1 data (Hail peak intensity)
Transducer id 1 units (hits/cm2, Hail peak intensity)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
4
*
2D
0
U
12.5
V
1
U
3.460
V
2
G
HEL/___
C
2
U
12.0
V
$
WI
XDR
C
20.4
3
*
51
<cr><lf>
Transducer id for Hail peak intensity
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the response
Response terminator
The structure of the supervisor response message:
Start of the message
Device type (WI = weather instrument)
Transducer measurement response identifier
Transducer id 2 type (temperature), see the following Transducer table
Transducer id 2 data (Heating temperature)
Transducer id 2 units (C, Heating temperature)
Transducer id for Heating temperature
Transducer id 0 type (voltage)
Transducer id 0 data (Heating voltage)
Transducer id 0 units (N = heating disabled or heating temperature too high
Heating voltage)
Transducer id for Heating voltage
Transducer id 1 type (Supply voltage)
Transducer id 1 data (Supply voltage)
Transducer id 1 units (V, Supply voltage)
Transducer id for Supply voltage
Transducer id 2 type (voltage)
Transducer id 2 data (3.5 V reference voltage)
Transducer id 2 units (V, 3.5 V reference voltage)
Transducer id for 3.5 V reference voltage
Transducer id 4 type (generic)
Transducer id 4 data (info field)
Transducer id 4 units (none, null)
Transducer id for generic field
Checksum delimiter
Two-character CRC for the response.
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
<cr><lf>
Response terminator
Table 26 Transducer table
Transducer
Temperature
Type
C
Units Field
C = Celsius
F = Fahrenheit
D = degrees
Comments
Angular displacement
(wind direction)
Wind speed
Pressure
Humidity
S
P
Accumulated precipitation V
Time (duration)
Intensity (flow rate)
Voltage
A
H
Z
R
U
K = km/h
M = m/s
N = knots
B = bars
P = Pascal
P = Percent
M = mm
I = in
H = hits
S = seconds
M = mm/h
I = in/h
H = hits/h for rainfall
M = hits/cm
2 h
I = hits/in
2 h
H = hits/h for hails
V = volts (also 50 % duty cycle for heating)
S = mph, non-
H = hPa
I = inHg
M = mmHg
Non-standardized
Non-standardized
Non-standardized
N = not in use
F = 50 % duty cycle for heating
W = full power for heating
# = Heating is disabled
Generic G None (null)
P=Percent
1) Not specified in the NMEA 0183 Standard.
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7.5.5 TXT text transmission
The text transmission response format:
$WITXT,xx,xx,xx,c--c*hh<cr><lf>
M211840EN-E
$
WI
TXT xx xx xx c---c
* hh
<cr><lf>
Start of the message
Talker identifier (WI = weather instrument)
Text transmission identifier.
Total number of messages, 01 to 99
Message number.
Text identifier (see text message table)
Text message (see text message table)
Checksum delimiter
Two-character checksum for the query command.
Response terminator
Examples:
Wind data request when all the wind parameters were disabled from the wind message:
$WItXT,01,01,01,Unable to measure error*6D<cr><lf>
Unknown command
0XO!<cr><lf>
:
$WITXT,01,01,03,Unknown cmd error*1F
Wrong checksum used in
MWV
query command:
$WITXT,01,01,08,Use chksum 2F*72
7.5.6 Automatic mode
When NMEA 0183 v3.0 automatic protocol is selected, the transmitter sends data messages at user-configurable update intervals. The message format is the same as in the MWV and XDR data queries. The NMEA wind formatter parameter in the wind sensor settings determines whether the wind messages are sent in MWV or XDR format.
You can use ASCII data query commands
aR1
,
aR2
,
aR3
,
aR5
,
aR
,
aR0
and their CRC-versions
ar1
,
ar2
,
ar3
,
ar5
,
ar
and
ar0
also in NMEA 0183 protocol. The responses to these commands are in standard NMEA 0183 format.
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Chapter 7 – Retrieving data messages
More information
‣
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
7.5.7 Automatic composite data message (aR0)
When automatic composite data messaging is selected, the transmitter sends composite data messages at user-configurable intervals. The message structure is the same as with the composite data query command
aR0
and contains a user configurable set of wind, pressure, temperature, humidity, precipitation, and supervisor data.
Example (the parameters included can be chosen from the full parameter set of the commands aR1, aR2, aR3 and aR5):
$WIXDR,A,057,D,1,S,0.6,M,1,C,22.6,C,0,H,27.1,P,0,P,1013.6,H,0,V,0.003,I,0,U,12.
0,N,0,U,12.4,V,1*67<cr><lf>
Example (rain and voltage parameters removed):
$WIXDR,A,054,D,1,S,0.4,M,1,C,22.5,C,0,H,26.3,P,0,P,1013.6,H,0*79<cr><lf>
For information on selecting the parameter set in the response message, see
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
.
Automatic composite data messaging is in concurrent, not alternate mode to either the polled or automatic modes.
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WXT530 Series User Guide
8. Sensor and data message settings
M211840EN-E
8.1 Sensor configuration and data message formatting
This chapter lists the sensor configuration and data message formatting commands for all communications protocols:
• ASCII
• NMEA 0183
• SDI-12
You can also modify sensor and data message settings with the Vaisala Configuration Tool.
More information
‣
Vaisala Configuration Tool (page 27)
‣
Error messaging/text messages (page 157)
8.1.1 Wind sensor
WXT536
✔
WXT535 WXT534 WXT533
✔
WXT532
✔
8.1.1.1 Checking the settings (aWU)
With the following command you can check the current wind sensor settings.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aWU<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXWU!
WXT531
a
WU
XWU
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Wind sensor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Wind sensor settings command in SDI-12
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183:
aWU,R=[R],I=[I],A=[A],G=[G],U=[U],D=[D],N=[N],F=[F]<cr><lf>
The response in SDI-12:
aXWU,R=[R],I=[I],A=[A],G=[G],U=[U],D=[D],N=[N],F=[F]<cr><lf>
where [R][I][A][G][U][D][N] are the setting fields.
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
0WU<cr><lf>
0WU,R=01001000&00100100,I=60,A=10,G=1,U=N,D= -90,N=W,F=4<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
0XWU!
0XWU,R=11111100&01001000,I=10,A=3,G=1,U=M,D=0,N=W,F=4<cr><lf>
More information
‣
Configuring wind direction offset (page 51)
8.1.1.2 Setting fields
Parameter
[R]
Description
Parameter selection. This field consists of 16 bits defining the wind parameters included in the data messages. The bit value 0 disables and the bit value 1 enables the parameter.
Bits 1-8 determine the parameters in the data message obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR1
and
ar1
• NMEA 0183:
$--WIQ,XDR*hh
• SDI-12:
aM1
,
aMC1
,
aC1
, and
aCC1
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR1
and
aRC1
Table 27 Wind parameters bits 1-8
Bit
1st bit (most left)
2nd bit
3rd bit
Description
Dn Direction minimum
Dm Direction average
Dx Direction maximum
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Bit
4th bit
5th bit
6th bit
7th bit
8th bit
&
Description
Sn Speed minimum
Sm Speed average
Sx Speed maximum output mode spare delimiter
Bits 9-16 determine the parameters in the data message obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR0, ar0
• NMEA 0183:
aR0, ar0
• SD-12:
aM, aMC, aC, and aCC
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR
and
aRC
Table 28 Wind parameters bits 9-16
Bit
9th bit
10th bit
11th bit
12th bit
13th bit
14th bit
15th bit
16th bit (most right)
Description
Dn Wind direction minimum
Dm Wind direction average
Dx Wind direction maximum
Sn Speed minimum
Sm Speed average
Sx Speed maximum spare
0
Parameter
[I]
[A]
Description
Update interval: 1 ... 3600 seconds
Averaging time: 1 ... 3600 seconds
Defines the period over which the wind speed and direction averaging is calculated. Same period is also used for maximum and minimum calculation. See Appendix D Wind Measurement Averaging Method on page 201 for difference in averaging practices when A<I and A>I.
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
Parameter
[G]
[U]
[D]
[N]
[F]
<cr><lf>
Description
Wind speed max/min calculation mode: 1 or 3 seconds G =1: Traditional max/min calculation is performed both for speed and direction. G =3:
Gust & lull are calculated for wind speed, while direction calculation is as it is with G =1. In the output messages, gust & lull replace the wind speed max/min values (Sx, Sn), respectively.
Speed unit: M = m/s, K = km/h, S = mph, N = knots
Direction offset: -180 ... 180°, see Wind Direction Offset on page 51.
NMEA wind formatter: T = XDR (transducer syntax), W = MWV (wind speed and angle) Defines whether the wind message is sent in XDR or
MWV format.
Sampling rate: 1, 2, or 4 Hz Defines how frequently the wind is measured.
Lower sampling rate reduces the power consumption, but it also weakens the measurement representativeness.
Response terminator
When using MWV wind messages in NMEA 0183, one of the [R] field bits 1-6 must be 1.
For representative wind values, use an averaging time that is long enough in relation to sampling rate (at least four samples per averaging time).
8.1.1.3 Changing the settings (aWU)
You can change the following settings:
• Parameters included in the wind data message
• Update interval
• Averaging time
• Wind speed max/min calculation mode
• Speed unit
• Direction offset
• NMEA wind formatter
Change the settings with the following command.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aWU,R=x,I=x,A=x,G=x,U=x,D=x,N=x,F=x<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXWU, R=x,I=x,A=x,G=x,U=x,D=x,N=x,F=x!
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
R, I, A, G, U,
D, N, F x
<cr><lf>
!
Wind sensor setting fields.
Value for the setting
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
If averaging time
[A]
is greater than update interval
[I]
, it is a multiple of the update interval and at maximum 12 times greater. Example: If I = 5 s, A max
= 60 s.
Examples (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
You need a 20-second averaging time for wind speed and direction both in wind data and composite data message in every 60 seconds. Wind speed is in knots and wind direction offset
+10°.
Changing the measurement interval to 60 seconds:
0WU,I=60<cr><lf>
0WU,I=60<cr><lf>
Several parameters can be changed with the same command as long as the command length does not exceed 32 characters.
Changing the averaging time to 20 seconds, the wind speed unit to knots, and direction offset to +10°:
0WU,A=20,U=N,D=10<cr><lf>
0WU,A=20,U=N,D=10<cr><lf>
Changing the wind parameter selection:
0WU,R=0100100001001000<cr><lf>
0WU,R=01001000&00100100<cr><lf>
Character '&' is not allowed in the command.
The wind message response after the change above:
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
0R1<cr><lf>
0R1,Dm=268D,Sm=1.8N<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
Changing the measurement interval to 10 seconds:
0XWU,I=10!
0<cr><lf>
In SDI-12 mode a separate enquiry (
0XWU!
) must be given to check the data.
8.1.2 Pressure, temperature, and humidity sensors
WXT536
✔
WXT535
✔
WXT534
✔
WXT533 WXT532 WXT531
8.1.2.1 Checking the settings (aTU)
Use this command to check the current pressure, temperature, and humidity sensor settings.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aTU<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXTU!
Name
a
TU
XTU
<cr><lf>
!
The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183:
aTU,R=[R],I=[I],P=[P],H=[H]<cr><lf>
The response in SDI-12:
Description
Device address
Pressure, temperature and humidity sensor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Pressure, temperature and humidity sensor settings command in SDI-12
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
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WXT530 Series User Guide
aXTU,R=[R],I=[I],P=[P],H=[H]<cr><lf>
[R][I][P][H] are the setting fields.
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0)
0TU<cr><lf>
0TU,R=11010000&11010000,I=60,P=H,T=C<cr><lf>
M211840EN-E
Example (SDI-12, device address 0)
0XTU!
0XTU,R=11010000&11010000,I=60,P=H,T=C<cr><lf>
More information
‣
8.1.2.2 Setting fields
Parameter
[R]
Description
Parameter selection: This field consists of 16 bits defining the PTU parameters included in the data messages. The bit value 0 disables and the bit value 1 enables the parameter.
Bits 1-8 determine the parameters included in the message obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR2
and
ar2
• NMEA 0183:
$--WIQ,XDR*hh
• SDI-12:
aM2
,
aMC2
,
aC
, and
aCC2
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR2
and
aRC2
Table 29 PTU parameters bits 1-8
Bit
1st bit (most left)
2nd bit
3rd bit
4th bit
Description
Pa Air pressure
Ta Air temperature
Tp Internal temperature
Ua Air humidity
128
Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
Bit
5th bit
6th bit
7th bit
8th bit
&
Description
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Delimiter
1) Tp temperature value is used in pressure calculation, it does not express the air temperature.
Bits 9-16 determine the PTU parameters included in the composite data message obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR0
and
ar0
• NMEA 0183:
aR0
,
ar0
• SDI-12:
aM
,
aMC
,
aC
, and
aCC
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR
and
aRC
Table 30 PTU parameters bits 9-16
Bit
9th bit
10th bit
11th bit
12th bit
13th bit
14th bit
15th bit
16th bit
Description
Pa Air pressure
Ta Air temperature
Tp Internal temperature1
Ua Air humidity
Spare
Spare
Spare
Spare
Parameter
[I]
[P]
[T]
<cr><lf>
Description
Update interval: 1 … 3600 seconds
Pressure unit: H = hPa, P = Pascal, B = bar, M = mmHg, I = inHg
Temperature unit: C = Celsius, F = Fahrenheit
Response terminator
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Parameter
[N]
8.1.2.3 Changing the settings (aTU)
You can change the following settings:
• Parameters included in the data message
• Update interval
• Pressure unit
• Temperature unit
Change the setting with the following command.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aTU,R=x,I=x,P=x,T=x<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXTU,R=x,I=x,P=x,T=x!
Description
NMEA formatter:
T = XDR (transducer syntax)
D =MDA Defines whether the wind message is sent in XDR or MDA format.
R, I, P, T x
<cr><lf>
!
The pressure, temperature and humidity sensor setting fields.
Value for the setting
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
Example
Selecting how the NMEA message operates:
0TU,N=
NMEA PTU formatting settings:
PTU XDR mode: aTU,N=T
PTU MDA mode: aTU,N=D
An example of MDA:
$WIMDA,29.88,I,1.0120,B,22.5,C,,C,31.5,,,C,,T,,M,,N,,M*3F
Examples (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0)
You need the temperature and humidity data to be available in every 30 seconds
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Changing the parameter selection:
0TU,R=0101000001010000<cr><lf>
0TU,R=01010000&01010000<cr><lf>
Character '&' is not allowed in the command.
Changing the update interval:
0TU,I=30<cr><lf>
0TU,I=30<cr><lf>
The response after the change:
0R2<cr><lf>
0R2,Ta=23.9C,Ua=26.7P<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0)
Changing the temperature unit to Fahrenheit:
0XTU,U=F!
0<cr><lf>
To check the data content in SDI-12 mode, you must type
0XTU!
.
8.1.3 Precipitation sensor
WXT536
✔
WXT535
✔
WXT534 WXT533
✔
WXT532
8.1.3.1 Checking the settings (aRU)
Use this command to check the current precipitation sensor settings.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aRU<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXRU!
WXT531
✔
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RU
XRU
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Precipitation sensor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Precipitation sensor settings command in SDI-12
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183:
aRU,R=[R],I=[I],U=[U],S=[S],M=[M],Z=[Z],X=[X],Y=[Y]<cr> <lf>
The response in SDI-12:
aXRU,R=[R],I=[I],U=[U],S=[S],M=[M],Z=[Z],X=[X],Y=[Y]<cr><lf>
where
[R][I][U][S][M][Z][X][Y]
are the setting fields.
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
0RU<cr><lf>
0RU,R=11111100&10000000,I=60,U=M,S=M,M=R,Z=M,X=100, Y=100<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
0RU!
0RU,R=11111100&10000000,I=60,U=M,S=M,M=R, Z=M,X=100,Y=100<cr><lf>
8.1.3.2 Setting fields
Parameter
[R]
Description
Parameter selection: This field consists of 16 bits defining the precipitation parameters included in the data messages. The bit value 0 disables and the bit value 1 enables the parameter.
Bits 1-8 determine the parameters included in the messages obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR3
and
ar3
• NMEA 0183:
$--WIQ,XDR*hh
• SDI-12:
aM3
,
aMC3
,
aC3
,
aCC3
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR3
and
ar3
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Table 31 Precipitation parameters Bits 1-8
Bit
1st bit (most left)
2nd bit
3rd bit
4th bit
5th bit
6th bit
7th bit
8th bit
&
Description
Rc Rain amount
Rd Rain duration
Ri Rain intensity
Hc Hail amount
Hd Hail duration
Hi Hail intensity
Rp Rain peak
Hp Hail peak
Delimiter
Bits 9-16 determine the precipitation parameters included in the composite data messages obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
• NMEA 0183:
aR0
,
ar0
• SDI-12:
aM
,
aMC
,
aC
,
aCC
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR
and
aRC
Table 32 Precipitation parameters Bits 9-16
Bit Description
9th bit
10th bit
11th bit
12th bit
Rc Rain amount
Rd Rain duration
Ri Rain intensity
Hc Hail amount
13th bit
14th bit
15th bit
Hd Hail duration
Hi Hail intensity
Rp Rain peak
16th bit (most right)
Hp Hail peak
Parameter
[I]
Description
Update interval: 1 … 3600 seconds. This interval is valid only if the
[M]
field is = T
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Parameter
[U]
[S]
[M]
[Z]
[X]
Description
Precipitation units:
M
= metric (accumulated rainfall in mm, Rain duration in s, Rain intensity in mm/h)
I
= imperial (the corresponding parameters in units in, s, in/h)
Hail units:
M = metric (accumulated hailfall in hits/cm2, Hail event duration in s, Hail intensity in hits/cm2h)
I = imperial (the corresponding parameters in units hits/in2, s, hits/in2h), H = hits
(hits, s, hits/h) Changing the unit resets the precipitation counter.
Auto-send mode: R = precipitation on/off, C = tipping bucket, T = time based
R = precipitation on/off: The transmitter sends a precipitation message 10 seconds after the first recognition of precipitation. Rain duration Rd increases in 10 s steps.
Precipitation has ended when Ri = 0. This mode is used for indication of the start and the end of the precipitation.
C
= tipping bucket: The transmitter sends a precipitation message at each unit increment (0.1 mm/0.01 in). This simulates conventional tipping bucket method.
T = time based: Transmitter sends a precipitation message in the intervals defined in the [I] field. Do not use the auto-send mode tipping bucket in polled protocols as it decreases the resolution of the output (quantized to tipping bucket tips).
Counter reset: M = manual, A = automatic, L= limit Y = immediate
M = manual reset mode: The counter is reset with
aXZRU
command. See
Precipitation counter reset (aXZRU) (page 85)
.
A = automatic reset mode: The counts are reset after each precipitation message whether in automatic mode or when polled.
L = overflow reset mode. The rain counter or hail counter is reset, when it reaches the predefined limit. The overflow limits (x, y) are defined with the commands
aRU,X=x
for rain counter and
aRU,Y=y
for hail counter.
Y = immediate reset: The counts are reset immediately after receiving the command.
Rain accumulation limit : 100...65535. Sets the rain accumulation counter resetting limit. When the value exceeds the limit, the counter is reset to zero. If the precipitation unit
aRU,U=x
is metric, the limit corresponds the range between
1.00 … 655.35 mm. If the precipitation unit is imperial, the equivalent range varies between 0.100 … 65.535 in.
To enable this feature, set the counter reset to
aRU,Z=L
(overflow reset mode).
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Parameter
[Y]
<cr><lf>
Description
Hail accumulation limit: 100 … 65535. Sets the hail accumulation counter resetting limit. When the value exceeds the limit, the counter is reset to zero. If the hail unit
aRU,S=x
is metric, the limit corresponds the range between 10.0 … 6553.5 hits/ cm2. If the unit is imperial, the equivalent range varies between 100 … 65535 hits/ in2. If the unit is hits, the limit matches directly to the amount of hits: 100 … 65535 hits.
To enable this feature, set the counter reset to
aRU,Z=L
(overflow reset mode).
Response terminator
The auto-send mode parameter is significant only in ASCII automatic (+CRC) and
NMEA 0183 automatic protocols.
Changing the counter reset mode or precipitation/surface hits units also resets precipitation counter and intensity parameters.
The field [Z] defines how the counters are reset. Use "L" to enable the rain overflow reset mode. Now the rain accumulation limit feature (X and Y) becomes particularly useful for systems using an analog interface adapter. Thus, the dataloggers have no serial interface that would enable them to reset the rain counters.
8.1.3.3 Changing the settings (aRU)
You can change the following settings:
• Parameters included in the precipitation data message
• Update interval in the time based auto-send mode
• Precipitation units
• Hail units
• Auto-send mode
• Counter reset
• Rain accumulation limit
• Hail accumulation limit.
Make the desired setting with the following command. Select the correct value/letter for the setting fields.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aRU,R=x,I=x, U=x,S=x,M=x,Z=x, X=x, Y=x<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXRU,R=x,I=x,U=x,S=x,M=x,Z=x, X=x,Y=x!
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R, I, U, S, M, Z,
X, Y
Precipitation sensor setting fields.
x
<cr><lf>
!
Input value for the setting
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
Examples (ASCII and NMEA 0183):
Changing the precipitation units to imperial:
0RU,U=I<cr><lf>
0RU,U=I<cr><lf>
Changing the auto-send mode to the tipping bucket mode:
0RU,M=C<cr><lf>
0RU,M=C<cr><lf>
Making the Rain amount
Rc
and Rain intensity
Ri
available both in the precipitation message and composite data message:
0RU,R=1010000010100000<cr><lf>
0RU,R=10100000&10100000<cr><lf>
The response after the change:
0R3<cr><lf>
0R3,Rc=0.00M,Ri=0.0M<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
Changing the counter reset mode (resets the precipitation counters):
0XRU,Z=M!
0<cr><lf>
More information
‣
8.1.4 Supervisor message
8.1.4.1 Checking the settings (aSU)
Use this command to check the current supervisor settings.
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Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aSU<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12: aXSU!
a
SU
XSU
<cr><lf>
!
Device address
Supervisor settings command in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Supervisor settings command in SDI-12
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
The response in ASCII and NMEA 0183:
aSU,R=[R],I=[I],S=[S],H=[Y]<cr><lf>
The response in SDI-12:
aXSU,R=[R],I=[I],S=[S],H=[Y]<cr><lf>
8.1.4.2 Setting fields
Parameter
[R]
Description
Parameter selection: This field consists of 16 bits defining the supervisor parameters included in the data messages. The bit value 0 disables and the bit value 1 enables the parameter.
Bits 1-8 determine the parameters included in the message obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR5
and
ar5
• NMEA 0183:
$--WIQ,XDR*hh
• SDI-12:
aM5
,
aMC5
,
aC5
, and
aCC5
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR5
and
aRC5
Table 33 Supervisor parameters bits 1-8
Bit
1st bit (most left)
Description
Th Heating temperature
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Bit
2nd bit
3rd bit
4th bit
5th bit
6th bit
7th bit
8th bit
&
Description
Vh Heating voltage
Vs Supply voltage
Vr 3.5 V reference voltage
Id Information field
Spare
Spare
Spare
Delimiter
Bits 9-16 determine the supervisor parameters included in the composite data message obtained with the following commands:
• ASCII:
aR0
and
ar0
• NMEA 0183:
aR0
and
ar0
• SDI-12:
aM
,
aMC
,
aC
, and
aCC
• SDI-12 continuous:
aR
and
aRC
Table 34 Supervisor parameters bits 9-16
Bit
9th bit
10th bit
11th bit
12th bit
13th bit
14th bit
15th bit
16th bit (most right)
Description
Th Heating temperature
Vh Heating voltage
Vs Supply voltage
Vr 3.5 V reference voltage
Id Information field
Spare
Spare
Spare
Parameter
[I]
[S]
Description
Update interval: 1 … 3600 seconds. When the heating is enabled the update interval is forced to 15 seconds.
Error messaging: Y = enabled, N = disabled
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
Parameter
[H]
<cr><lf>
Description
Heating control enable: Y = enabled, N = disabled Heating enabled: The control between full and half heating power is on as described in
Heating on page 34. Heating disabled: Heating is off in all conditions.
Response terminator
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
0SU<cr><lf>
0SU,R=11110000&11000000,I=15,S=Y,H=Y<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
0XSU!
0XSU,R=11110000&11000000,I=15,S=Y,H=Y<cr><lf>
8.1.4.3 Changing the settings (aSU)
You can change the following settings:
• Parameters included in the supervisor data message
• Update interval
• Error messaging on/off
• Heating control
Make the desired setting with the following command. Select the correct value/letter for the setting fields.
Command format in ASCII and NMEA 0183: aSU,R=x,I=x,S=x,H=x<cr><lf>
Command format in SDI-12; aXSU,R=x,I=x,S=x,H=x!
R, I, S, H x
<cr><lf>
!
The supervisor setting fields.
Value for the setting
Command terminator in ASCII and NMEA 0183
Command terminator in SDI-12
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
Disabling the heating and error messaging:
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0SU,S=N,H=N<cr><lf>
0SU,S=N,H=N<cr><lf>
Example (SDI-12, device address 0):
Changing the update interval to 10 seconds:
0XSU,I=10!
0<cr><lf>
In SDI-12 mode a separate enquiry (0XSU!) must be given to check the data content.
8.1.5 Composite data message (aR0)
You can define the parameters to be included in the composite data message aR0
in the parameter selection fields of each parameter (
aWU,R
,
aTU,R
,
aRU,R
, and
aSU,R
).
When changing the bits 9-16 of the parameter selection of any sensor, you can shorten the command by replacing the bits 1-8 with a single '&' character, see the examples.
Example (ASCII and NMEA 0183, device address 0):
To format a composite data message with average wind direction, average wind speed, temperature, humidity and pressure data when the original composite data message contains following data: maximum wind direction, maximum wind speed, temperature, humidity, pressure, accumulated rainfall, supply voltage and heating voltage:
0R0<cr><lf>
0R0,Dx=009D,Sx=0.2M,Ta=23.3C,Ua=37.5P,Pa=996.8H,
Rc=0.000I,Vs=12.0V,Vh=0.0N<cr><lf>
Replace the maximum wind direction ( Dx ) and speed ( Sx ) with average wind direction ( Dm ) and average wind speed ( Sm ):
0WU,R=&01001000<cr><lf>
0WU,R=11110000&01001000<cr><lf>
Remove the heating voltage ( Vh ) and temperature ( Th ) data from the composite data message, and include the information field ( Id ):
0SU,R=&00001000<cr><lf>
0SU,R=11110000&00001000<cr><lf>
Remove the accumulated rainfall ( Rc ) from the composite data message:
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
0RU,R=&00000000<cr><lf>
0RU,R=11111100&00000000<cr><lf>
The final composite data message query and response in ASCII:
0R0<cr><lf>
0R0,Dm=009D,Sm=0.2M,Ta=23.3C,Ua=37.5P, Pa=996.8H,Id=HEL___<cr><lf>
8.1.6 Analog input
The following figure shows the pins of the analog input connectors.
Figure 26 Analog input connector pins
Table 35 Analog input signals
Signal name
PTI+ 1
M12 Pin Description
PT1000 measuring current
PT+ 2 PT1000 input+
Use example
PT1000 temperature sensor Current feed
PT1000 temperature sensor. Sense+
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Signal name
PT-
M12 Pin Description Use example
AGND
TIP IN
SR+
SR-
WS IN
3
4
5
6
7
8
PT1000 input-
Analog ground
Pulse counting input (pulled up with resistor)
Differential 0 … 25 mV input, +
Differential 0 … 25 mV input, -
0 … 2.5/0 … 5/0 … 10 V input
PT1000 temperature sensor Sense-
Common ground for level, tipping bucket, and
PT1000
Tipping bucket type rain sensor
Pyranometer
Pyranometer
Level sensor
The following figure shows the analog input settings in Vaisala Configuration Tool.
Figure 27 Analog input settings in Vaisala Configuration Tool
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
Table 36 Analog input setting definitions
Setting
Update interval
Default value
1 min
Solar radiation and ultrasonic level sensor averaging time
Solar radiation gain
Ultrasonic level sensor range
Ultrasonic level sensor gain
Aux. temperature averaging time
Aux. rain counter reset
Aux. rain gain
Aux. rain counter limit
1
1
3 s
100000
0 … 5 V
M = No reset
0.2 mm
Definition
Defines analog input measurement interval. A shorter interval and a longer averaging time increase power consumption.
Defines averaging times for solar radiation and ultrasonic level sensor voltage measurement.
Taken from solar radiation sensor calibration documents provided with the sensor. For example for sensitivity 19.71µV/W/m
2
gain is 1 /
0.00001971V/W/m
2
= 50736
Selects voltage measurement range. Available ranges: 0 … 2.5 V, 0 … 5 V, 0 … 10 V
Defines gain factor for auxiliary level voltage measurement. Gain can be used to convert voltage reading directly to distance/height.
Defines PT1000 temperature sensor measurement averaging time in seconds. To minimize sensor self-heating effect, make it short.
Defines how to reset the rain counter. M means that you have to manually reset the counter.
Comes from the rain sensor tipping bucket size.
It means pulses / user rain unit (for example, mm). If the aux. sensor has 5 pulses per mm of rain, and the user sets the gain to 0.2, the rain value reported by the transmitter is in mm.
Used only when L = based on limit is selected.
Resets the rain counter when it reaches this value. The same unit as the gain G has.
• All measurement messages enabled
• Update interval 60 s
• Solar radiation and ultrasonic level sensor averaging time 3 s
• Solar radiation gain 100 000
• Ultrasonic level sensor range 5 V
• Ultrasonic level sensor gain 1
• Aux temperature average time 1 s
• Aux rain counter reset: manual
• Aux rain gain 0.2 (for 0.2 mm per tip)
WXT530 Series settings:
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0IU,R=11111000&11111000,I=60,A=3.0
0IB,G=100000.0
0IS,M=1,G=1.0
0IP,A=1.0
0IA,M=M,G=0.2
8.1.6.1 Enabling and disabling analog input
If the analog input option is selected for WXT536, all analog inputs are enabled by default.
You can enable and disable analog input with the
aIU,R=
command.
For example, PT1000 temperature enabled, all other disabled: aIU,R=1000000010000000
To apply the new setting, reset the transmitter.
More information
‣
Enabling or disabling analog output (page 150)
8.1.6.2 Common sensor settings (aIU)
Update interval [I]
The update interval in seconds. This parameter defines the measurement interval for analog inputs:
• Pt1000
• Solar radiation
• Aux rain
The range: 0.5 … 3600.
8.1.6.3 Aux input averaging time [A]
The Aux input averaging time in seconds. This parameter defines the averaging time for ultrasonic level sensor and solar radiation measurement. Pt1000 and the tipping bucket are not affected by this setting.
Make sure the averaging time is smaller than the update interval [ I ]. The smallest value 0.25 s means single measurement. A longer averaging time can decrease noise. A shorter averaging times gives a slightly smaller current consumption.
8.1.6.4 Parameter selection [R]
[ R ] defines the active measurements.
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Table 37 aIU setting fields [R]
Normal message
Composite message
8
&
9
10
11
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
12
13
14
15
16 st bit (most left) nd bit rd bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit (most right)
8.1.6.5 Getting data messages
You can get data messages with the
aR4
command.
An example response:
Tr pt1000 temperature
Ra Aux rain amount
Sl ultrasonic level sensor
Sr solar radiation
Rt pt1000 resistance
Analog output mode delimiter
Tr pt1000 temperature
Ra Aux rain amount
Sl Ultrasonic level sensor
0
0
Sr solar radiation
Rt pt1000 resistance
0
0R4,Tr=111.3C,Ra=0.0M,Sl=0.001208V,Sr=0.000029V
Tr
Ra
Sl
Sr
Pt1000 (C = Celsius, F = Fahrenheit)
Aux rain accumulation (M = mm)
Ultrasonic level sensor (V = volts at input * gain)
Solar radiation (V = volts at input * gain)
You can set the gain for Sr and Sl .
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8.1.6.6 Aux rain sensor settings [aIA]
Gain [
G
]
[
G
] defines the pulses per rain unit, for example in mm.
If the Aux sensor has 10 pulses per a millimeter of rain and the user sets the gain to 1/10, the transmitter reports the rain value in mm.
The range: 0.000 000 001 … 1 000 000
For example, you can set aux rain gain for Vaisala RG13 Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge. The resolution is 0.1 mm per tip. Set the gain to 0.1 * 2 = 0.2 so that the Ra rain amount WXT reports is in millimeters. The multiplier 2 means that the tipping bucket sends one pulse per 2 tips.
Reset mode [
M
]
M
defines the reset mode.
Parameter
M
L
A
Description
No reset
Based on limit
Automatic (aux rain message sent)
The initial tip counter overflows if it reaches 65536 and it starts from 0. If the tipping bucket resolution is 0.2 mm per tip, the gain is 0.2, and the maximum rain amount before overflow is
65536 × 0.2 = 13107 mm.
Limit [
L
]
[ L ] defines the reset limit. The rain counter resets when it reaches this value. The unit is the same as in gain [ G ].
The range: 0.000 000 001 … 1 000 000
Parameter selection [aIU,R = bit 2 and bit 10]
Bits 7 and 14 enable normal and composite message for aux rain accumulation. You can select the parameter with the
aIU
command. The maximum value for the rain counter is 65535 * gain.
8.1.6.7 Solar radiation sensor settings [aIB]
Gain
[ G ] defines the volts / user unit, for example, μV/W/m
2 radiation input multiplied with gain [ G ].
. WXT reports the voltage at solar
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Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
For example, if the solar radiation sensor has sensitivity 5 μV/W/m always with six decimals.
2
and you set the gain [ G ] to
1/ μV = 200 000, the solar radiation value reported by WXT is in W/m
2
. WXT reports the value
The range: 0.000 000 001 … 1 000 000
Parameter selection [aIU,R= bit 3 and bit 11]
The bits enable normal and composite messages. You can select the parameters with the
aIU
command.
8.1.6.8 Ultrasonic level sensor settings [aIS]
Gain [
G
]
[
G
] defines the volts / user unit, for example, V/m. WXT reports the voltage at input multiplied with the gain [
G
].
For example, if the sensor has gain 2 V/meter and the user sets the gain [ G ] to 0.5, the value reported by WXT is in meters. WXT reports the value with 6 decimals.
The range: 0.000 000 001 … 1 000 000
Parameter selection [aIU,R= (bit 3 and bit 11)]
The bits enable normal and composite messages. You can select the parameters with the
aIU
command.
8.1.6.9 Aux.temperature sensor settings [aIP]
You can set the temperature settings for the temperature unit with the
aTU,U=
command.
Averaging time [
A
]
The averaging time in seconds, resolution 0.5 s. You can set a short averaging time (0.5 s) to reduce the Pt1000 sensor self-heating. The message interval defines how often the measurement starts. The measurement is performed every 0.5 s for averaging time.
The range: 0.5 … 3600
Parameter selection [aIU,R= (bit 1 and bit 9)]
The bits 7 and 14 enable normal and composite message for Aux rain accumulation. You can select the parameters with the
aIU
command.
8.1.6.10 Parameter order for SDI-12 mode
The parameter order for SDI-12 mode is:
Analog in (M4): Tr Ra Sl Rt Sr
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8.1.7 Analog output
You can change the analog output type and scaling of WXT532.
WXT532 provides the following analog outputs:
• AOUT1 for wind speed data
• AOUT2 for wind direction data
The analog output value is updated based on
aWU,I=
settings. Wind measurement uses
aWU
settings, such as Averaging Time.
More information
‣
Analog output scaling (page 148)
‣
8.1.7.1 Analog output operation
You can order WXT532 with either 4 … 20 mA scaling or 0 … 20 mA scaling.
You can scale the output with the command
aSU
.
Example commands to set 4 … 20 mA operation:
Parameter
Wind speed gain
Wind speed offset
Wind speed minimum
Wind speed maximum
WS error indication
Wind direction gain
Wind direction offset
WD minimum
WD maximum
WD error indication
Description aSU,a=0.333333<cr><lf> aSU,b=4 <cr><lf> aSU,c=0<cr><lf> aSU,d=22<cr><lf> aSU,e=2<cr><lf> aSU,f=0.044444<cr><lf> aSU,g=4<cr><lf> aSU,h=0<cr><lf> aSU,j=22<cr><lf> aSU,k=2<cr><lf>
The output o in mA is o=i* gain + offset. o is clamped between min and max. If wind measurement fails, the output value is err.
8.1.7.2 Analog output scaling
You can specify the transfer function between measured values and output analog values. You can select the analog output gain and offset used in the transfer function.
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The factory default settings for the different analog output modes are displayed in the following table.
Table 38 Analog output scaling
Parameter 4 … 20 mA option (max
60 m/s)
Aout1, wind speed gain 0.266667 mA / m/s
4 mA Aout1, wind speed offset
Aout1, wind speed minimum 0 mA
Aout1, wind speed maximum 22 mA
Aout1, wind speed error indication
Aout2, wind direction gain
2 mA
0.044444
mA / °
Aout2, wind direction offset 4 mA
0 mA Aout2, wind direction minimum
Aout2, wind direction maximum
Aout2, wind direction error indication
22 mA
2 mA
0.055556
mA / °
0 mA
0 mA
22 mA
22 mA
0 … 20 mA option (max
60 m/s)
0.333333 mA / m/s
0 mA
0 mA
22 mA
22 mA
Command example
(4 … 20 mA) aSU,a=0.266667<cr><lf> aSU,b=4<cr><lf> aSU,c=0<cr><lf> aSU,d=22<cr><lf> aSU,e=2<cr><lf> aSU,f=0.044444<cr><lf> aSU,g=4<cr><lf> aSU,h=0<cr><lf> aSU,j=22<cr><lf> aSU,k=2<cr><lf>
You can configure output scaling or transfer function settings by changing the custom gain and offset. The basic measurement units are m/s and degrees. The physical output unit is A.
The following formula shows the impact of gain and offset values on the produced output: o = y0 + k×s o s k y0
Produced analog output (A)
Measured wind speed or direction (in m/s or °)
Selected gain value
Selected offset value
8.1.7.3 Analog output signal for wind speed channel
The analog interfaces setup, default configuration:
Current output 4 ... 20 mA, offset 4 mA
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
4 mA = 0 m/s
20 mA = 60 m/s (0,266667 mA/m/s)
Error indication sets output to 2 mA.
The analog interfaces setup, configuration 2:
Current output 0 … 20 mA, offset 0 mA
0 mA = 0 m/s 20 mA = 60 m/s (0.333333 mA/m/s)
Error indication sets output to 22 mA.
8.1.7.4 Analog output signal for wind direction channel
Analog interfaces setup default configuration:
Current output 4 ... 20 mA, offset 4 mA
4 mA = 0 degree 20 mA = 360 degree (0,044444 mA/°)
Error indication sets output to 2 mA
Analog interfaces setup, configuration 2:
Current output degree 0 ... 20 mA, offset 0 mA
0 uA = 0 degree
20 mA = 360 degree (0,055556 mA/°)
Error indication sets output to 22 mA
8.1.7.5 Enabling or disabling analog output
When changing the analog output setting, the setting is applied after the transmitter reset.
When analog output is in use, the serial port does not work but the service connector does.
The 12th bit from left determines if analog output is enabled:
• Analog output enabled at the factory: 0XF,f=11111111111
1
0000
• Analog output disabled at the factory: 0XF,f=11111111111
0
0000
You can enable or disable analog output with the
aWU,R=
command.
• To enable analog output: Change bit 7 to 1. 0WU,R=1111111111111100
• To disable analog output: Change bit 7 to 0. 0WU,R=1111110111111100
Table 39 aWU setting fields [R]
Normal message 1
2
3
4 st bit (most left) nd bit rd bit th bit
15
14
13
12
150
Composite message
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
7
8
&
5
6 th bit th bit th bit th bit st bit (most left) nd bit rd bit th bit th bit th bit th bit th bit (most right)
More information
‣
Enabling and disabling analog input (page 144)
Chapter 8 – Sensor and data message settings
0
Analog output mode delimiter
4
3
2
1
0
7
6
5
9
8
11
10
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9. Maintenance
M211840EN-E
9.1 Cleaning
To ensure the accuracy of measurement results, clean the transmitter when it gets contaminated. Remove leaves and other such particles from the precipitation sensor and clean the transmitter carefully with a soft, lint-free cloth moistened with mild detergent. Wipe with soft cloth or sponge and rinse with clean water.
Do not use solvents or abrasive sponges when cleaning painted surfaces.
9.1.1 Cleaning the radiation shield
Vaisala recommends that you clean the radiation shield once a year.
1. Clean the radiation shield with a soft cloth.
Do not paint the radiation shield.
2. If the radiation shield looks worn and yellow, you can replace it with a radiation shield spare part (218817SP).
9.2 Replacing PTU module
WXT536
✔
WXT535
✔
WXT534
✔
WXT533
• 3-mm Allen key
WXT532 WXT531
In demanding applications, Vaisala recommends changing the PTU module every
2 years.
152
1. Turn off the power.
Chapter 9 – Maintenance
2. Loosen the 3 mounting screws at the bottom assembly of the transmitter and pull them out.
1 Fixing screws
2 Top of transmitter
3 PTU module
4 Latch
5 Flat cable
6 O-ring
3. Turn out the top of the transmitter.
4. Release the small white latch and remove the PTU module.
5. Remove the vacuum bag protecting the PTU module.
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WXT530 Series User Guide
6. Connect the new PTU module.
CAUTION!
Avoid touching the white filter cap.
M211840EN-E
7. Turn the top back in. Make sure the flat cable does not get stuck or squeezed between the top and the funnel for the flat cable and it is properly connected.
8. If the O-rings are damaged, replace them with new ones.
9. Tighten the fixing screws.
To make sure that the radiation shield stays straight, do not tighten the screws all the way in one go. Do not overtighten.
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Chapter 10 – Troubleshooting
10. Troubleshooting
Table 40 Data validation
Problem
Wind measurement failure.
Both the speed and direction units are replaced by a # sign or the data values are irrelevant.
Possible causes
Blockage (trash, leaves, branches, bird, snow, ice) between the wind transducers.
Incorrect <cr><lf> settings in the terminal program.
Pressure, humidity or temperature measurement failure. The unit is replaced by a
# sign or the data values are irrelevant.
The PTU module may not be properly connected. There may be water in the PTU module.
Action(s)
Remove the blockage, and check that the wind transducers are not damaged.
If the blockage is ice or snow, it will melt after some time if heating is enabled. Time for clearance depends on the severity of the weather event.
If birds are causing the blockage, consider using the bird kit.
In ASCII and NMEA protocols both <cr> and <lf> are required after each command. Check that your terminal program sends both when pressing enter. Note: The direction unit is # for the wind speeds less than 0.05 m/s.
Ensure the proper connection of the PTU module. Remove and dry the module.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 41 Communication problems
Problem
No response to any commands.
Connection works but data messages not available.
Possible causes Action(s)
Wrong wiring or operation voltage not connected. Baud rate/start bits/ parity/stop bit settings do not match between the device and the host.
Incorrect <cr><lf> settings in the terminal program.
Wrong device address in a SDI-12 command or a mistyped SDI-12 command (in SDI-12 a mistyped command is in no way responded).
A command mistyped in ASCII/
NMEA mode while error messaging/text messages is disabled (
aSU,S=N
).
Check the wiring and operation voltage. See
(page 58) .Connect the service
cable, use the communication settings 19200,8 N,1. Check the serial port settings of the device with Configuration Tool or with terminal program. Use command
aXU!
(SDI-12) or
aXU<cr><lf>
(ASCII/NMEA). Change the values if needed. A software/hardware reset is needed to validate the changes. When you have no service cable, try typing address query commands
?!
and
?
<cr><lf>
with different serial settings in terminal program.
When the communication parameters match, the device responds with its address. The settings can now be changed using
aXU!
(SDI-12) or
aXU<cr><lf>
(ASCII/NMEA) commands. A software/hardware reset is needed to validate the changes.
In ASCII and NMEA protocols both
<cr> and <lf> are required after each command. Check that your terminal program sends both when pressing enter.
Request the device address with
?!
command and then retype the command now with the correct address. Check the data query commands. See
Retrieving data messages (page 84) . Enable
the error messaging using the
Vaisala Configuration Tool or any terminal by setting
aSU,S=Y
, then try the command again.
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Chapter 10 – Troubleshooting
Problem
Data messages are not in expected format.
Some parameters are missing from the data messages.
Possible causes Action(s)
The communication protocol may not be the one you want.
The formatting of the data messages is not what you expect.
See
Check the communication protocol of the device by using the
Vaisala Configuration Tool or any terminal with command
aXU,M!
(SDI-12)
aXU,M<cr><lf>
(ASCII/
NMEA) and change it if needed.
Format the data messages of the concern by using the Vaisala
Configuration Tool or any terminal program.
See Error messaging/text messages (page 157)
.
An error message as a response to a command.
The transmitter keeps sending the message
"TX Sync/address error".
mA messages cannot be found.
Analog input messages are missing.
Precipitation messages missing.
The polling address and the transmitter address do not match.
The transmitter is on an RS-485 bus with other polled devices and Error
Messages are enabled.
No mA output ordered.
Analog input messages are not enabled.
No precipitation measurement in models WXT534 and WXT532.
Set correct address either for the transmitter or to the polling request. Disable the Error
Messages with the command
aSU,S=N <cr><lf>
.
You must specify the mA option when you place the order.
Enable analog input messages.
See Enabling or disabling analog output (page 150)
.
10.1 Self-diagnostics
10.1.1 Error messaging/text messages
The transmitter sends a text message when certain type of errors occur. The function works in all communication modes except in the SDI-12 mode. You can disable error messaging by using the supervisor message
aSU, S=N
.
Examples:
0R1!
0TX,Unable to measure error<cr><lf>
(request of wind data while all the wind parameters were disabled from the wind message)
1XU!
0TX,Sync/address error<cr><lf>
(wrong device address. Ask the correct address with
?
or
?!
command.)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
0XP!
0TX,Unknown cmd error<cr><lf>
0xUabc!
0TX,Use chksum CCb<cr><lf>
(wrong checksum applied to the
0xU
command)
06
07
08
Table 42 Error messaging/text messages
Text message identifier
(NMEA 0183 v3.0 protocol only)
01
Text message
02
03
04
05
09
10
11
Definition
Unable to measure error
Sync/address error The device address in the beginning of the command is invalid. Ask the device address with the
?!
(SDI-12) or
?
<cr><lf>
(ASCII and NMEA) command and retype the command with the correct address.
Unknown cmd error The command is not supported, use the correct command format. See
.
Profile reset
The requested parameters are not activated in the message and check the parameter section fields.
Factory reset
Checksum error in configuration settings during powerup. Factory settings used instead.
Checksum error in calibration settings during power-up.
Factory settings used instead.
Version reset
Start-up
Use chksum xxx
Measurement reset
Rain reset
Inty reset
New software version in use.
Software reset. Program starts from the beginning.
Given checksum not correct for the command. Use the proposed checksum.
The ongoing measurement of all the sensors interrupted and started from the beginning.
The precipitation sensor counter reset.
Precipitation sensor intensity counter reset.
If you use a WXT530 transmitter on an RS-485 bus with other polled devices, you must disable error messaging with the command:
0SU,S=N<crlf>
.
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Chapter 10 – Troubleshooting
More information
‣
‣
Sensor configuration and data message formatting (page 122)
10.1.2 Rain and wind sensor heating control
The supervisor message aSU
shows you continuously monitored information about rain and wind sensor heating (heating temperature Th and heating voltage Vh ).
The heating temperature should stay above 0 °C when the heating is on (except in extremely cold conditions where the heating power is not sufficient). The heating voltage
Vh
should correspond to the heating voltage supplied. If there is a remarkable deviation, check the wiring. Note that wire gauge should be large enough to avoid remarkable voltage drop in the cable.
In case AC or full-wave rectified AC is used for the heating, the Vh measurement behaves as follows:
While heating is off,
Vh
indicates the positive peak value (V p
) of the heating voltage waveform.
While heating is on, Vh indicates:
• 0.35 × V p
in case of AC voltage
• 0.70 × V p
in case of full-wave rectified AC voltage
10.1.3 Operating voltage control
The supervisor message aSU
shows you continuously monitored supply voltage level (Vs). In case of deviations between the supplied voltage and monitored voltage, check the wiring and the power supply.
10.1.4 Missing readings and error indication
If the transmitter is not able to measure the wind, it indicates a missing reading in the output.
The most common reasons for measurement problems are foreign objects, such as ice, birds, or other foreign objects, on the line of measurement, or sound reflections from nearby objects, such as wind tunnel walls.
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WXT530 Series User Guide
11. Technical specifications
M211840EN-E
11.1 Performance
Table 43 Barometric pressure measurement performance
Property
Observation range
Accuracy (for sensor element) at
600 … 1100 hPa
Output resolution
Units available
Description/Value
500 ... 1100 hPa
±0.5 hPa at 0 … +30 °C (+32 … +86 °F)
±1 hPa at −52 … +60 °C (−60 … +140 °F)
0.1 hPa / 10 Pa / 0.001 bar / 0.1 mmHg /
0.01 inHg hPa, Pa, bar, mmHg, inHg
Table 44 Air temperature measurement performance
Property
Observation range
Accuracy (for sensor element) at +20 °C
(+68 °F)
Output resolution
Units available
Description/Value
−52 ... +60 °C (−60 ... +140 °F)
±0.3 °C (±0.54 °F)
0.1 °C (0.1 °F)
°C, °F
1) A naturally aspirated radiation shield is applied which can affect readings in calm wind.
Table 45 Relative humidity measurement performance
Property
Observation range
Accuracy (for sensor element)
Output resolution
PTU measuring interval
Description/Value
0 ... 100 %RH
±3 %RH at 0 ... 90 %RH
±5 %RH at 90 ... 100 %RH
0.1 %RH
1 ... 3600 s (= 60 min), at 1 s steps
1) A naturally aspirated radiation shield is applied which can affect readings in calm wind.
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Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Table 46 Precipitation measurement performance
Property
Collecting area
Rainfall
Output resolution
Field accuracy for daily accumulation
Units available
Duration
Duration output resolution
Intensity
Intensity observation range
Description/Value
60 cm
2
(9.3 in
2
)
0.01 mm (0.001 in)
Better than 5 %, weather-dependent mm, in
Counting each 10
‑ second increment whenever droplet detected
10 s
Running 1 ‑ minute average, 10 s steps
0 ... 200 mm/h (0 ... 7.87 in/h) (broader with reduced accuracy)
0.1 mm/h (0.01 in/h) mm/h, in/h
Intensity output resolution
Units available
Hail
Output resolution
Units available
Intensity output resolution
Units available
0.1 hits/cm
2
(1 hits/in
2
), 1 hit hits/cm
2
, hits/in
2
, hits
0.1 hits/cm
2 h (1 hits/in
2 h), 1 hit/h hits/cm
2 h, hits/in
2 h, hits/h
1) Precipitation measurement is performed for liquid precipitation.
2) Cumulative accumulation after the latest automatic or manual reset
3) Due to the nature of the phenomenon, deviations caused by spatial variations may exist in precipitation readings, especially in short time scale. The accuracy specification does not include possible wind-induced error.
4) Cumulative number of hits against collecting surface
Table 47 Wind measurement performance
Property
Wind speed
Observation range
Reporting range
Response time
Description/Value
0 ... 60 m/s (134 mph)
0 ... 75 m/s (168 mph)
0.25 s
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Property
Available variables
Accuracy
Output resolution
Units available
Wind direction
Azimuth
Response time
Available variables
Accuracy
Output resolution
Wind measurement frame
Averaging time
Description/Value
Average, maximum, and minimum
±3 % at 10 m/s (22 mph)
0.1 m/s (km/h, mph, knots) m/s, km/h, mph, knots
0 ... 360°
0.25 s
Average, maximum, and minimum
±3.0° at 10 m/s (22 mph)
1°
Update interval
1 ... 3600 s, sample rate 1, 2, or 4 Hz
(configurable)
1 ... 3600 s (= 60 min), at 1 s steps
1) NTP (normal temperature and pressure) condition applied for wind tunnel testing.
11.2 Inputs and outputs
Table 48 Inputs and outputs
Property
Operating voltage
Average power consumption
Heating voltage
Typical heating current
Description/Value
6 ... 24 VDC (−10 ... +30 %)
Minimum: 0.1 mA at 12 VDC (SDI ‑ 12 standby)
Typical: 3.5 mA at 12 VDC (typical measuring intervals
Maximum: 15 mA at 6 VDC (constant measurement of all parameters)
DC, AC, or full-wave rectified AC
12 ... 24 VDC (−10 ... +30 %)
12 ... 17 VACrms (−10 ... +30 %)
12 VDC: 800 mA, 24 VDC: 400 mA
12 VAC rms
: 1.1 A
17 VAC rms
: 800 mA
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Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Property
Digital outputs
Communication protocols
Self-diagnostic
Startup
Description/Value
SDI
‑
12, RS
‑
232, RS
‑
485, RS
‑
422
SDI ‑ 12 v1.3, Modbus RTU,
ASCII automatic and polled,
NMEA 0183 v3.0 with query option
Separate supervisor message, unit/status fields to validate measurement stability
Automatic, < 5 seconds from power on to the first valid output
1) Wind 10
‑ second average with 2
‑ minute interval at 4 Hz sampling rate, RS
‑
232 19200 bps with jumper wires, PTU 10-second interval, Pt1000, level, tipping bucket, and solar radiation
5-second interval.
Table 49 WXT536 analog input options
Parameter
Temperature
(Pt1000)
Voltage input
Element
Resistor
Solar radiation Thermopile
Voltage
Range
Input
800 … 1330 Ω 2
‑ wire
4
‑ wire
0 … 25 mV
0 … 2.5 V
0 … 5 V
0 … 10 V
0 … 100 Hz
4 MΩ
> 10 kΩ
18 kΩ
Excitation
2.5 V
–
–
Tipping bucket rain gauge
Frequency 3.5 V
1) The input can be wiring type, input impedance, or pull-up resistor value.
Resolution
16 bits
12 bits
12 bits
–
Table 50 WXT532 analog mA output options
Parameter
Wind speed
Wind direction
Load impedance
Update interval
Description/Value
0 … 20 mA or 4 … 20 mA
0 … 20 mA or 4 … 20 mA
Max. 200 Ω
Max. 4 Hz
1) When the analog output option is applied, digital communication is not available.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
11.3 Environmental conditions
Table 51 Operating environment
Property
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Relative humidity
Pressure
Description/Value
−52 … +60 °C (−60 … +140 °F)
−60 … +70 °C (−76 … +158 °F)
0 … 100 %RH
600 … 1100 hPa
0 … 60 m/s (0 … 134 mph)
1) Due to the measurement frequency used in the sonic transducers, RF interference in the
200 ... 400 kHz range can disturb wind measurement.
Select a heated sensor model if you operate the sensor in humid conditions.
Select a heated model if you operate the sensor in temperatures below 0 °C (+32
°F).
CAUTION!
Make sure that you power the sensor after installation. Storing the sensor outdoors without proper package or not powering up after installation can affect the sensor's expected lifespan.
CAUTION!
Any temporary object (such as snow, ice, or a bird) that blocks the observation path between the ultrasonic transducer heads may lead to inaccurate or incorrect measurements.
Table 52 Electromagnetic compatibility
Applicable standard
CISPR 32
(EN 55032)
CISPR 32
(EN 55032)
Description
Radiated emissions
Conducted emissions DC
Level tested
30 MHz ... 18 GHz
150 kHz ... 30 MHz
Performance
Class B
Class B
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Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Applicable standard
IEC 61000
‑
4
‑
2
IEC 61000
‑
4
‑
3
IEC 61000
‑
4
‑
4
IEC 61000
‑
4
‑
5
IEC 61000
‑
4
‑
6
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
IEC 60945
Description Level tested
IEC 60945
Electrostatic discharge
RF field immunity
Electric fast transient
Surge
Conducted RF immunity
Radiated emissions
Conducted emissions
Electrostatic discharge
RF field immunity
Electric fast transient
Surge
Conducted RF immunity
Conducted low frequency interference immunity
Extreme power supply variation
Power supply failure
8 kV con / 15 kV air
3 kV
2 kV
10 V
150 kHz ... 2 GHz
10 kHz ... 30 MHz
8 kV con / 15 kV air
3 kV
2 kV
10 V
3 V
−10 % +30 %
IEC 60945 3 times 60 s
1) A = Normal performance
B = Temporary degradation (self-recoverable)
C = Temporary degradation (operator intervention needed)
D = Not recoverable
2) Within frequency range 2 ... 6 GHz minimum immunity for WXT is 4V/m.
B
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
A
Exposed
Exposed
B
A
A
B
11.4 Mechanical specifications
Table 53 Mechanical specifications
Property
IP rating
Weight
WXT534, WXT535, WXT536
WXT531, WXT532, WXT533
Description/Value
IP65, with mounting kit: IP66
0.7 kg (1.54 lbs)
0.5 kg (1.1 lbs)
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Property
Materials
Radiation shield, top, and bottom parts
Precipitation sensor plate
Description/Value
Polycarbonate +20 % fiberglass
Stainless steel (AISI 316)
11.5 Options and accessories
Table 54 Options and accessories
Description
Vaisala configuration tool and USB service cable SP
Cable USB RS-232/RS-485 1.4 m USB M12 SP
Cable 2 m shielded 8-pin M12 SP
Cable 10 m shielded 8-pin M12 SP
Cable 40 m shielded 12-pin, open end wires SP
Cable USB with power supply RS-232 / 485 USB/M12SP /
100-240 VAC
Cable 10 meter shielded 8-pin M12
Cable 50 m shielded 8-pin M12, open end wires
Bushing and grounding accessory kit
Mounting kit
Mounting accessory between mounting kit and 60 mm tube
Bird kit
Vaisala surge protector, no connectors
Vaisala surge protector with connectors for 220782 and
CBL210679
Nokeval converter
Nokeval programming kit
WXT radiation shield set SP
WXT PTU module SP
WXT bottom connector kit SP
Analog input connectors SP, IP67, 8P, M12, Shielded
WXT530 bottom assembly with digital board SP
Order code
220614
220782
222287
222288
217020
263193SP
CBL210679
245931
222109
212792
WMSFIX60
212793
WSP150
WSP152
229104
229110
218817SP
WXTPTUSP
224171
214273
WXT530BOTTOMDIGISP
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Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Description
WXT530 bottom assembly with analog input board SP
WXT530 bottom assembly with mA output board SP
Order code
WXT530BOTTOMANAINSP
WXT530BOTTOMMAOUTSP
11.6 Type label
All WXT530 Series transmitters can be identified from the type label.
Figure 28 Type label
1 Product code
2 Serial number in bar code
3 Place of manufacture
4 Symbols indicating measurement options included:
• P = pressure
• T= temperature
• U = humidity
• R = precipitation
• W = wind
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WXT530 Series User Guide
11.7 Dimension
Ø 114 [4.48] 115 [4.52]
M211840EN-E
Ø 30 [1.18]
22 [0
.86]
68 [2.6
7]
47 [1.85]
Figure 29 WXT536 dimensions
168 mm
[in]
Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Figure 30 WXT535 and WXT534 dimensions
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 31 WXT533 and WXT532 dimensions
170
Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Figure 32 WXT531 dimensions
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 33 WXT530 series mounting kit (212792) dimensions
1 Mounting kit (212792) with adapter sleeve for Ø 26.7 mm (1.05 in) mast tube
2 Mounting kit (212792) without adapter sleeve for Ø 30 mm (1.18 in) mast tube
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Chapter 11 – Technical specifications
Figure 34 Mounting accessory (WMSFIX60) for connecting mounting kit (212792) and 60mm tube
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WXT530 Series User Guide
Appendix A. Networking
M211840EN-E
A.1 Connecting several transmitters on same bus
There are 2 options for connecting several transmitters on the same bus:
• Using SDI-12 serial interface and communication protocol
• Using RS-485 serial interface and one of the communication protocols: ASCII or NMEA
0183 v3.0.
A.2 SDI-12 serial interface
A.2.1 Wiring SDI-12
1. Perform SDI-12 wiring in the transmitter as described in Power management (page 58)
.
Make sure you combine the 2 "Data in/out" wires of each transmitter either in the internal screw terminal inside or outside the transmitter.
2. In the data logger end, combine the "GND for data" wires of each transmitter to the logger "GND for data" wire. Connect the "Data in/out" wires of each transmitter to the logger "Data" wire.
A.2.2 SDI-12 communication protocol
Set the communication protocol SDI-12 v 1.3 ( aXU,C=1,M=S ) or SDI- 12 v1.3 continuous
( aXU,C=1,M=R ).
Assign the transmitters on the bus with different addresses (for example: aXU,A=0,1,2, ...).
After that, the transmitters on the bus do not respond to the commands not assigned to them nor to the data messages sent by the other transmitters.
Example (A bus with three WXT530 Series transmitters):
WXT530 #1 communication settings:
0XXU,A=0,M=S,C=1,B=1200,D=7,P=E,S=1, L=25
WXT530 #2 communication settings:
1XXU,A=1,M=S,C=1,B=1200,D=7,P=E,S=1, L=25
WXT530 #3 communication settings:
2XXU,A=2,M=S,C=1,B=1200,D=7,P=E,S=1, L=25
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Appendix A – Networking
If simultaneous measurements of the different units are needed, Start concurrent measurement commands
aC
and
aCC
must be used for all devices. If the measurements are to be performed consecutively for only one unit at a time, in addition to these also Start measurement commands
aM
and
aMC
can be used. Start continuous measurement commands
aR1
,
aR2
,
aR3
,
aR5
,
aR
,
aRC1
,
aRC2
,
aRC3
,
aRC5
and
aRC
available only in SDI-12 continuous protocol ( aXU,M=R ) can be used either for simultaneous measurements of the units or consecutive measurements for one unit at time.
A.3 RS-485 serial interface
A.3.1 RS-485 wiring
1. Make the RS-485 wiring of the transmitter. See Power management (page 58)
.
2. In the data logger end, combine the "Data +" wires of each transmitter to the logger "Data
+" wire. Connect the "Data-" wires of each transmitter to the logger "Data -" wire.
A.3.2 RS-485 communication protocol
Set the communication protocol to ASCII polled (with or without CRC) or NMEA query. When using NMEA query, the wind message must be set to XDR (
aWU,N=T
).
No matter which communication protocol, ASCII polled or NMEA query is chosen, the error messaging parameter of the supervisor message must be inactivated with
aSU,S=N
for each transmitter on the bus to prevent the units responding to the commands not assigned to them.
A.3.3 ASCII, polled
Assign different addresses to the transmitters on the bus (for example, aXU,A=0,1,2, ...).
Example (a bus with three transmitters):
WXT530 #1 communication settings:
0XU,A=0,M=P,C=3,I=0,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
WXT530 #2 communication settings:
1XU,A=1,M=P,C=3,I=0,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
WXT530 #3 communication settings:
2XU,A=2,M=P,C=3,I=0,B=19200,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
Example (composite data message queries to the sensors 1 and 3 are assigned as follows):
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
0R0<cr><lf>
1R0<cr><lf>
2R0<cr><lf>
A.3.4 NMEA 0183 v 3.0 query
The NMEA 0183 query messages do not contain device address information. Individual query commands cannot be directed to different transmitters. Instead, a specific time slot method can be used for receiving data from several transmitters on the bus, just with a single query command.
To generate different time slots, each transmitter is given an individual delay for its query response, by using the RS-485 line delay parameter aXU,L . The parameter defines the time
(in milliseconds) between the last character of the query and the first character of the response from the transmitter.
Example (a bus with 3 transmitters):
WXT530 #1 communication settings:
0XU,A=0,M=Q,C=3,I=0,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
WXT530 #2 communication settings:
0XU,A=0,M=Q,C=3,I=0,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=1000
WXT530 #3 communication settings:
0XU,A=0,M=Q,C=3,I=0,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=2000
When the query command $--WIQ,XDR*2D<cr><lf> is sent, WXT530 #1 responds after
25 ms, WXT530 #2 after 1000 ms, and WXT530 #3 responds after 2000 ms. The sufficient delays depend on the maximum number of characters in the response messages and the baud rate. Note that all the transmitters are assigned with the same address. The data logger, after sending the query, sorts out the response messages on the basis of the individual response times.
To gain more addressability transducer ID information provided in the
XDR
response messages can be used. If WXT530 address is set to
0
( aXU,A=0
) and all parameters are chosen except
Rain peak intensity and Hail peak intensity in the precipitation message, the response to the
XDR
query $--WIQ,XDR*2D<cr><lf> is:
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Appendix A – Networking
$WIXDR,A,316,D,0,A,326,D,1,A,330,D,2,S,0.1,M,0,S,0.1,M,1,S,0.1, M,2*57<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,24.0,C,0,C,25.2,C,1,H,47.4,P,0,P,1010.1,H, 0*54<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,V,0.000,I,0,Z,10,s,0,R,0.01,I,0,V,0.0,M,1,Z,0,s,1,R,0.0,M, 1*51<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,25.8,C,2,U,10.7,N,0,U,10.9,V,1,U,3.360,V,2*7D<cr><lf>
For the transducer IDs, see NMEA 0183 v3.0 protocol (page 108) .
The maximum transducer ID is 3 when the transmitter address is 0. Assigning address 4 for the second and address 8 for the third transmitter on the bus the following responses to the XDR query $--WIQ,XDR*2D<cr><lf> are obtained from the transmitters (same message parameter configuration):
The second transmitter (address 4):
$WIXDR,A,330,D,4,A,331,D,5,A,333,D,6,S,0.1,M,4,S,0.1,M,5,S,0.2, M,6*55<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,23.5,C,4,C,24.3,C,4,H,49.3,P,4,P,1010.1,H, 3*59<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,V,0.000,I,4,Z,0,s,4,R,0.00,I,4,V,0.0,M,5,Z,0,s,5,R,0.0,M, 5*67<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,25.8,C,6,U,10.6,N,4,U,10.9,V,5,U,3.362,V,6*78<cr><lf>
The third transmitter (address 8):
$WIXDR,A,341,D,8,A,347,D,9,A,357,D,10,S,0.1,M,8,S,0.2,M,9,S,0.2,M,10*53<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,23.5,C,8,C,24.3,C,9,H,49.3,P,8,P,1010.1,H, 8*5F<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,V,0.000,I,8,Z,0,s,8,R,0.00,I,8,V,0.0,M,9,Z,0,s,9,R,0.0,M, 9*61<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,25.8,C,10,U,10.6,N,8,U,10.9,V,9,U,3.360,V, 10*7C<cr><lf>
Now the response messages of all 3 transmitters can be recognized and parsed by the data logger.
The transmitter address may consist of letter characters but the transducer IDs in the NMEA XDR messages can only be numbers. The addresses given in letters show in the transducer IDs in the following way: transmitter address = A => transducer ID = 10, B => 11, a => 36, b => 37, and so on.
A.3.5 NMEA 0183 v 3.0 query with ASCII query commands
You can use ASCII query commands
aR1
,
aR2
,
aR3
,
aR5
,
aR
,
aR0
and their CRC-versions
ar1
,
ar2
,
ar3
,
ar5
,
ar,
and
ar0
also in NMEA 0183 protocol. The responses to these commands will be in standard NMEA 0183 format and the transmitters are assigned with different addresses (for example: aXU,A=0,1,2, ...). The RS-485 line delays are not needed.
Example (a bus with three transmitters, data requests with combined data message query commands; the same message parameter configuration as in the previous example):
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
WXT530 #1 communication settings:
0XU,A=0,M=Q,C=3,I=0,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
WXT530 #2 communication settings:
0XU,A=1,M=Q,C=3,I=0,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
WXT530 #3 communication settings:
0XU,A=2,M=Q,C=3,I=0,B=4800,D=8,P=N,S=1,L=25
The query for WXT530 #1 and the response:
0R<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,A,316,D,0,A,326,D,1,A,330,D,2,S,0.1,M,0,S,0.1,M,1,S,0.1, M,2*57<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,24.0,C,0,C,25.2,C,1,H,47.4,P,0,P,1010.1,H, 0*54<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,V,0.000,I,0,Z,10,s,0,R,0.01,I,0,V,0.0,M,1,Z,0,s,1,R,0.0,M, 1*51<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,25.8,C,2,U,10.7,N,0,U,10.9,V,1,U,3.360,V,2*7D<cr><lf>
The query for WXT530 #2 and the response:
1R<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,A,330,D,1,A,331,D,2,A,333,D,3,S,0.1,M,1,S,0.1,M,2,S,0.2, M,3*55<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,23.5,C,1,C,24.3,C,2,H,49.3,P,1,P,1010.1,H, 1*59<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,V,0.000,I,1,Z,0,s,1,R,0.00,I,1,V,0.0,M,2,Z,0,s,2,R,0.0,M, 2*67<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,25.8,C,3,U,10.6,N,1,U,10.9,V,1,U,3.362,V,2*78<cr><lf>
The query for WXT530 #3 and the response:
2R<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,A,341,D,2,A,347,D,3,A,357,D,4,S,0.1,M,2,S,0.2,M,3,S,0.2, M,4*53<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,23.5,C,2,C,24.3,C,3,H,49.3,P,2,P,1010.1,H, 2*5F<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,V,0.000,I,2,Z,0,s,2,R,0.00,I,2,V,0.0,M,3,Z,0,s,3,R,0.0,M, 3*61<cr><lf>
$WIXDR,C,25.8,C,4,U,10.6,N,2,U,10.9,V,2,U,3.360,V,3*7C<cr><lf>
If needed, for making the transducers IDs distinguishable, device addresses 0, 4, 8 can be used as described in the previous section.
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Appendix B – Modbus protocol
Appendix B. Modbus protocol
B.1 Register maps
To avoid errors in transmission, Vaisala recommends implementing the retry functionality for Modbus master software. If the sensor does not respond to the first Modbus query command, the same query is sent again.
WXT530 has a non-isolated RS-485 serial line as a Modbus interface. WXT530 uses 2 Modbus register ranges:
• Holding registers (configuration and function)
• Input registers (device status and measurement values)
You can read the input registers and both read and write in the holding registers.
You can control device functionality and configuration in Modbus holding registers.
Register range
1 - 10
11 - 31
32 - 51
52 - 71
72 - 112
Function
Device status
Commonly used unit system independent values
Measurement values in metric units
Measurement values in imperial units
Other measurement values
The register values are expressed as 16-bit integers with the use of suitable scaling factors
(SF), if needed. The measurement values are multiplied with a scaling factor and mapped to the 16-bit registers as an integer. The register value ranges are:
• 0 … 65530 for unsigned (U) values. 65535 indicates an invalid or unavailable value.
• -32762 … 32762 for signed (S) values. 32767 indicates an invalid or unavailable value.
Holding registers (configuration and function)
Table 55 Holding registers
Reg. No Address
Value range
Function
1 0x0000 Altitude (m)
Default
0
Reg.
min
-100
Reg.
max
5000 1
SF
S
S/U
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
5
6
7
2
3
4
8
9
10
11
Reg. No Address
0x0001
0x0002
0x0003
0x0004
0x0005
0x0006
0x0007
0x0008
0x0009
0x000A
1) Scaling factor
2) Signed / Unsigned
Value range
Function
Wind direction deviation angle (°)
Averaging interval, T, RH,
X, A, Tdw (min)
Averaging interval, air pressure (min)
Averaging interval, wind
(min)
Averaging interval, solar radiation (min)
Heating control
1
1
0
10
10
10
Reset rain accumulation counter
Reset device
Modbus address
CLI mode
1
Default Reg.
min
Reg.
max
-3599 3599
1
1
1
1
1
0
10
10
10
10 1
1
1
1
10 S
S/U
U
U
U
U
3
0, 1 or 3 =
Heating on 2 =
Heating off
U
Write value 0x3247 =>
Precipitation counter reset
Write value 0x3247 =>
Device reset
247 U
Write value 0x0F =>
Switch into CLI mode
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Appendix B – Modbus protocol
Input registers (device status and measurement values)
Table 56 Device status
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
Reg.
No
8
Address Function
Register values
High byte Low byte
0x0000 Device identification
0x0001 Reserved
0x0002 Measurement
0x0003 parameters
0x0004 according to different WXT530 model
0x0005
0x0006 External sensors at
0x0007
WXT530 model
WXT531: 01
WXT532: 02
WXT533: 03
WXT534: 04
WXT535: 05
WXT536: 06
Temperature 00 =
Available
Relative humidity
07 = Not available
Mixing ratio
Wind
Solar radiation sensor
Temperature sensor
00 =
Connected
07 = Not connected
SW version Value = the last digits of the SW version number
Dew point
Absolute humidity
Air pressure
Rain
00 =
Available
07 = Not available
Level sensor 00 =
Connected
Rain gauge
07 = Not connected
1) Only solar radiation and temperature sensor supported in measurement input registers.
Table 57 Commonly used unit system independent values
11
12
13
14
Reg.
No
Addr.
0x000A
0x000B
0x000C
0x000D
Measurement range
Quantity
Relative humidity (%RH)
Instant
Min
Max
Avg
Reg. min
0
Reg. max Error value
1000
32767 10 S
S/U
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Measurement range
Reg.
No
23
24
25
20
21
22
26
15
16
17
18
19
Addr.
Quantity Reg. min
27
28
29
30
31
0x000E Relative air
0x000F pressure (hPa)
0x0010
0x0011
0x0012 Wind direction
(°)
0x0013
0x0014
0x0015
0x0016
0x0017
0x0018
0x0019
0x001A
0x001B
0x001C
0x001D
0x001E
Reserved
Reserved
Precipitation type
Wind measurement quality (%)
Global radiation
(W/m
2
)
1) Scaling factor
2) Signed / Unsigned
3) Precipitation Type, register No. 26
• 0 = No Precipitation
• 40 = Precipitation
• 90 = Hail
Instant 3000
Min
Max
Avg
Instant 0
Min
Max
Avg
Raw
Instant 0
Instant 0
Instant 0
Min
Max
Avg
Reg. max Error value
12000
SF
32767 10
3599
90
100
20000
32767
32767
65535
32767
1
1
10
10
S
S/U
S
S
U
S
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Appendix B – Modbus protocol
Table 58 Measurement values in metric units (°C, m/s, mm, mm/h)
Reg.
No
37
38
39
40
32
33
34
35
36
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
Addr.
Measurement range
Quantity (Unit)
0x001F Air temperature (°C) Instant
0x0020 Min
0x0021
0x0022
0x0023 Dew point (°C)
Max
Avg
Instant
0x0024
0x0025
0x0026
0x0027 Wind chill temperature (°C)
0x0028 Reserved
0x0029 Heater temperature
(°C)
0x002A Wind speed (m/s)
0x002B
Min
Max
Avg
Instant
Instant
0x002C
0x002D
0x002E Reserved
0x002F Wind speed (m/s)
0x0030 Precipitation accumulation
Instant
Min
Max
Avg
Raw
Instant
0x0031 Precipitation accumulation
0x0032 Precipitation intensity (mm/h)
Instant
Instant
Reg.
min
-500
-500
-600
-500
0
0
0
0
0
1) Scaling factor
2) Signed / Unsigned
3) Continuous accumulated value
4) Accumulated value between 2 consecutive requests
Reg.
max
600
600
700
1500
750
750
65530
10000
Error value
32767
32767
32767
32767
32767
32767
65535
65535
20000 65535
10
10
10
10
10
10
100
100
100
S
S
S
U
U
U
S
S
S
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 59 Measurement values in imperial units (°F, mph, in, in/h)
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
Reg.
No
57
58
59
60
52
53
54
55
56
69
70
71
Addr.
0x0033
0x0034
0x0035
0x0036
0x0037
0x0038
0x0039
0x003A
0x003B
0x003C
0x003D
0x003E
0x003F
0x0040
0x0041
0x0042
0x0043
0x0044
0x0045
0x0046
Measurement range
Quantity Reg.
min.
Air temperature
(°F)
Instant -580
Min
Max
Avg
Dew point (°F) Instant -580
Min
Max
Avg
Instant -760 Wind chill temperature
(°F)
Reserved
Heater temperature
(°F)
Wind speed
(mph)
Instant -580
Instant 0
Min
Max
Avg
Raw 0
Reserved
Wind speed
(mph)
Precipitation accumulation
(in) (absolute)
Precipitation accumulation
(in) (differential)
Instant
Instant
0
0
Precipitation intensity (in/h)
Instant 0
Reg.
max.
1400
1400
1580
3020
1678
1678
25800
39370
65530
1) Scaling factor
Error value
32767 10
32767 10
32767 10
32767 10
32767 10
32767
65535
SF
10
1000
S
S
S
S
S
S
S/U
U
65535 10000 U
65535 10000 U
184
Appendix B – Modbus protocol
2) Signed / Unsigned
3) Continuous accumulated value
4) Accumulated value between 2 consecutive requests
Table 60 Other measurement values
Reg.
No
90
91
92
93
94
87
88
89
84
85
86
79
80
81
76
77
78
82
83
72
73
74
75
Addr.
Quantity
95
0x0047 Absolute
0x0048 humidity (g/m
3
)
0x0049
0x004A
0x004B Mixing ratio
0x004C
(g/kg)
0x004D
0x004E
0x004F Abs. air pressure
0x0050
(hPa)
0x0051
0x0052
0x0053 Wind speed
0x0054
(km/h)
0x0055
0x0056
0x0057 Reserved
0x0058 Wind speed
0x0059
(knots)
0x005A
0x005B
0x005C Reserved
0x005D Wind speed
(km/h)
0x005E Wind speed
(knots)
Raw
Min
Max
Avg
Raw
Instant
Min
Max
Avg
Instant
Instant
Min
Max
Avg
Instant
Min
Max
Avg
Instant
Min
Max
Avg
Reg. min Reg. max
0
0
3000
0
0
0
0
10000
10000
12000
2700
1458
2700
1458
Error value
32767 10
32767
32767
32767
32767
32767
32767
10
10
10
10
10
10
S
S/U
S
S
S
S
S
S
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
103
104
105
106
107
108
Reg.
No
96
97
98
99
Addr.
Quantity
100
101
102
109
110
111
112
0x005F Reserved
0x0060 Reserved
0x0061 Reserved
0x0062 Wet bulb temp
(°C)
0x0063 Wet bulb temp
(°F)
0x0064 Specific enthalpy
(kJ/kg)
0x0065 Air density
(kg/m
3
)
0x0066 Reserved
0x0067 Reserved
0x0068 Reserved
0x0069 Reserved
0x006A Reserved
0x006B External temperature (°C)
0x006C External temperature (°F)
0x006D Wind measurement quality (%)
0x006E
0x006F
Reserved
Reserved
1) Scaling factor
2) Signed / Unsigned
Instant
Instant
Instant
Instant
Instant
Instant
Raw 0
Reg. min Reg. max Error value
SF
S/U
-500
-580
-1000
0
-400
-400
600
1400
10000
3000
800
1760
100
32767
32767
32767
32767
32767
32767
65535 1
10
10
10
1000
10
10
S
S
S
S
S
S
U
186
Appendix B – Modbus protocol
Derivated parameters and sampling
Table 61 Temperature
Temperature
Wet bulb temperature
[°C] [°F]
Short description
Temperature of moist or icy surface exposed to air flow
Update interval
1 min
Averaging periods
1 - 10 min / 1 min steps
Dew point temperature
[°C] [°F]
Dew or frost point temperature derived from air temperature, relative humidity
1 min
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
1 - 10 min / 1 min steps
Wind chill temperature
[°C] [°F]
Derived from air temperature, relative humidity as defined by
JAG/TI task force in 2001
1 min
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
1 - 10 min / 1 min steps
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
Table 62 Humidity
Humidity Short description
Absolute humidity
[g/m³]
Mass of water vapor in a certain volume; derived from air temperature, relative humidity, pressure
Update interval
1 min
Averaging periods
1 - 10 min /
1 min steps
Mixing ratio
[g/kg]
Mass mixing ratio derived from air temperature, relative humidity, pressure
1 min
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
1 - 10 min /
1 min steps
Specific enthalpy
[KJ/kg]
Parameter of state of the humid in air. Specific enthalpy (heat capacity) is composed of the components of the mixture and related to the mass fraction of dry air at 0 Celsius.
1 min
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
1 - 10 min /
1 min steps
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 63 Pressure
Pressure
Relative air pressure
[HPa]
Short description
Derived from air temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and altitude
Update interval
1 min
Averaging periods
1 - 10 min /
1 min steps
Change in holding addr. 0x0000,
0x0002, 0x0003
Table 64 Air density
Air density
Air density
[Kg/m³]
Short description
Indicates the amount of mass in a given volume of air.
Update interval
1 min
Averaging periods
1 - 10 min /
1 min steps
Change in holding addr. 0x0002
Table 65 Precipitation
Precipitation
Precipitation quantity
[mm] [in]
Short description
Absolute and differential values since the last measurement request
Update interval
Event based
-
Averaging periods
Supported WXT536 analog inputs and sampling
Table 66 External analog inputs
Ext. analog inputs
Global radiation
[W/m²]
Short description Update interval
Thermopile pyranometer connected to WXT536 analog input
1 min
Averaging periods
1 - 10 min /
1 min steps
Change in holding addr. 0x0005
188
Appendix B – Modbus protocol
Ext. analog inputs Short description
External temperature
[°C] [°F]
Pt1000 connected into WXT536 analog input
Update interval
Averaging periods
As in Pt1000 settings.
Wind measurement sampling
Quantity
[m/s] [kts]
Wind speed/angle
Qualifier Update interval Averaging periods
Change in holding register
0x0004
Wind gust
Raw 4 Hz (250 ms) 1 sec of 250 ms samples
Instant 1 sec
Average 1 min
10 sec of 1 sec samples
1 - 10 min / 1 min steps
(1-minute samples are averaged)
Raw 4 Hz (250 ms) 3 seconds maximum over average period
PTU measurement sampling
Table 67 PTU measurement
Quantity
Air temperature
[°C] [°F]
Change in holding register
0x0002
Abs. air pressure
[HPa]
Change in holding register
0x0003
Relative air humidity
[%RH]
Change in holding register
0x0002
Qualifier Update interval
Instant
Min/Max
10 sec
Average 1 min
Instant
Min/Max
10 sec
Average 1 min
Instant
Min/Max
10 sec
Average 1 min
Averaging periods
Media filtered instant of 3 samples
1 – 10 min / 1 min steps (1 min averaged 10 sec instants)
Media filtered instant of 3 samples
1 – 10 min / 1 min steps (1 min averaged 10 sec instants)
Media filtered instant of 3 samples
1 – 10 min / 1 min steps (1 min averaged 10 sec instants)
More information
‣
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Appendix C. SDI-12 protocol
SDI-12 is a standard for interfacing data recorders with microprocessor-based sensors. The name stands for serial/digital interface at 1200 baud. More information of the complete SDI-12 standard text is available from the SDI-12 website: http://www.sdi-12.org
.
C.1 SDI-12 electrical interface
The SDI-12 electrical interface uses the SDI-12 bus to transmit serial data between SDI-12 data recorders and sensors. The SDI-12 bus is the cable that connects multiple SDI-12 devices. The cable has three conductors:
• Serial data line
• Ground line
• 12 V line
The SDI-12 bus can have at least 10 sensors connected to it. The bus topology is a parallel connection, where each of the three wires of different sensors are connected in parallel.
C.1.1 SDI-12 communications protocol
SDI-12 data recorders and sensors communicate by an exchange of ASCII characters on the data line. The data recorder sends a break to wake up the sensors on the data line. A break is continuous spacing on the data line for at least 12 milliseconds. The data recorder then sends a command. The sensor, in turn, returns the appropriate response. Each command is for a specific sensor. The first character of each command is a unique sensor address that specifies with which sensor the recorder wants to communicate. Other sensors on the SDI-12 bus ignore the command and return to low-power standby mode. When a data recorder tells a sensor to start its measurement procedure, the recorder does not communicate with any other sensor until the data collection from the first sensor is complete.
A typical recorder/sensor measurement sequence proceeds in the following order:
• The data recorder wakes all sensors on the SDI-12 bus with a break.
• The recorder transmits a command to a specific, addressed sensor, instructing it to make a measurement.
• The addressed sensor responds within 15.0 ms returning the maximum time until the measurement data is ready and the number of data values it returns.
• If the measurement is immediately available, the recorder transmits a command to the sensor instructing it to return the measurement(s). If the measurement is not ready, the data recorder waits for the sensor to send a request to the recorder, which indicates that the data is ready. The recorder then transmits a command to get the data.
• The sensor responds, returning one or more measurements.
C.1.2 SDI-12 timing
The following figure shows a timing diagram for a SDI-12 command and its response. The tolerance for all SDI-12 timing is ±0.40 ms.
190
Appendix C – SDI-12 protocol
Figure 35 Timing diagram
The exception to this is the time between the stop bit of one character and the start bit of the next character. The maximum time for this is 1.66 ms, with no tolerance.
• A data recorder transmits a break by setting the data line to spacing for at least 12 ms.
• The sensor does recognize a break condition for a continuous spacing time of less than
6.5 ms. The sensor will always recognize a break when the line is continuously spacing for more than 12 ms.
• When receiving a break, a sensor must detect 8.33 ms of marking on the data line before it looks for an address.
• A sensor must wake up from a low-power standby mode and be capable of detecting a start bit from a valid command within 100 ms after detecting a break.
• After a data recorder transmits the last character of a command, it must relinquish control of the data line within 7.5 ms.
• After receiving the break and the command, the addressed sensor sets the data line to marking at 8.33 ms and then sends the response (tolerance: -0.40 ms). The start bit of the first response byte must start within 15 ms after the stop bit of the last byte of the command (tolerance: +0.40 ms).
• After a sensor transmits the last character of a response, it must relinquish control of the data line within 7.5 ms (tolerance: +0.40 ms).
• No more than 1.66 ms of marking are allowed between the end of the stop bit and the start bit (for example between characters) on any characters in the command or the response (no tolerance.) This permits a response to an M command to be sent within a
380 ms window.
• Sensors must return to a low-power standby mode after receiving an invalid address or after detecting a marking state on the data line for 100 ms (tolerance: +0.40 ms).
• When a recorder addresses a different sensor, or if the data line has been in the marking state for more than 87 ms, the next command must be preceded by a break.
The low-power standby mode, in addition to being a low-power consumption state, is a protocol state and it takes a moment to leave that state.
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Appendix D. CRC-16 computation
The computation of the CRC is performed on the data response before parity is added. All operations are assumed to be on 16-bit unsigned integers. The least significant bit is on the right. Numbers preceded by 0x are in hexadecimal. All shifts shift in a zero. The algorithm is:
Initialize the CRC to zero. For each character beginning with the address, up to but not including the carriage return (<cr>), do as follows:
{
Set the CRC equal to the exclusive OR of the character and itself
for count =1 to 8
{
if the least significant bit of the CRC is one
{
right shift the CRC one bit set
CRC equal to the exclusive OR of 0xA001 and
itself
}
else
{
right shift the CRC one bit
}
}
}
D.1 Encoding the CRC as ASCII characters
The 16-bit CRC is encoded to three ASCII characters by using the following algorithm:
1st character = 0x40 OR (CRC shifted right 12 bits)
2nd character = 0x40 OR ((CRC shifted right 6 bits) AND 0x3F)
3rd character = 0x40 OR (CRC AND 0x3F)
The three ASCII characters are placed between the data and <cr><lf>. Parity is applied to all three characters, if selected for the character frame.
The CRC computation code is added to the end of the response, if the first letter of the command is sent by using lower case.
D.2 NMEA 0183 v3.0 checksum computation
The checksum is the last field in the NMEA sentence and follows the checksum delimiter character "*". It is the 8-bit exclusive OR of all characters in the sentence, including "," and "^" delimiters, between but not including the "$" or "!" and the "*" delimiters. The hexadecimal value of the most significant and least significant four bits of the result is converted to two
ASCII characters (0-9,A-F) for transmission. The most significant character is transmitted first.
192
Appendix E – Wind measurement averaging method
Appendix E. Wind measurement averaging method
The following figures represent the wind measurement averaging for different selections of communication protocol, wind measurement update interval (I) and averaging time (A). Scalar averaging is used for both wind speed and direction.
Grey boxes indicate that the measurement is in progress during the corresponding second.
Update (= internal calculation) is always made in the end of the update interval.
In the auto sending protocols (ASCII automatic (+ CRC) and NMEA automatic) outputting the data messages is synchronized to take place immediately after the update.
In ASCII polled (+ CRC), NMEA query and SDI-12 continuous measurement protocols trying to request data before the update interval is completed will result in getting the data from the previous completed update interval.
Wind measurement sampling rate (4, 2, or 1 Hz) does not have any effect on the averaging scheme. It determines from how many samples the one second values seen in the figures are calculated.
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Case 1
...
1 sec
I > A, all communication p rotocols other than SDI-12 (aXU,M=S). In this example I=5 sec and A=3 sec.
A A
...
time
I I
Case 2
...
1 sec
I < A, all communication p rotocols other than SDI-12 (aXU,M=S). In this example I=2 sec and A=5 sec.
A
A
A
A
...
time
I
I
I I
Case 3
...
1 sec
Communication protocol SDI-12 (aXU,M=S). In this example A=3 sec. I does not have any function in this protocol.
A A
...
time
Issuing measurement command
Data ready
Issuing measurement command
Data ready
Figure 36 Wind measurement averaging method
194
Appendix F – Factory configurations
Appendix F. Factory configurations
The factory configurations are read-only settings which cannot be modified. For each settings command, the following information is shown:
• Command to retrieve the settings (ends to ! character)
• Example response from the transmitter
• Table describing the message contents
F.1 General unit settings
0XF!0XF,f=11111111&11100010,o=AAC1DB1A,c=A263, i=HEL___,n=A3430012,2=2528,3=3512 <cr><lf> o c i n
Table 68 General unit settings
Field name
f
Field character
Factory options
Order code
Calibration date
Info
Device s/n
2
Description
Selection of parameters
Ordering identity as delivered (10 characters)
Y=2003, A, B,…=2005, 2006, 1 … 52 = week, 1 … 7, weekday
Factory signature (10 characters)
A,B,...=2005,2006..., 1 ... 5 2 = week, 1 … 7 = weekday , 1 … 9999 = serial number
2500 mV (default)
3
2.5 V reference
3.5 V reference
3500 mV (default)
F.2 Wind configuration settings
0WF!
0WF,g=A,l=N,t=A,0=273.00,1=273.01,2=273.00,3=273.00,4=273.00,5=273.00,a=45.1,b=
50.2,u=54.9,v=63.1,x=65.1,y=65.1<cr><l f>
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WXT530 Series User Guide
Table 69 Wind configuration settings g
Field character
Field name
Strategy t l
0..5
a,b
Pulse length
Single transducer mode
Description
A=All
N=North
E=East
S=South
N=Normal, auto
A=Adjusted on half
S=Short
E=Extended
T=Test
A=All
N=North
E=East
S=South
1 … 655.35 us (default 273.00 us)
0 … 100 % (default 70 %) u,v x,y
Zero adjustment
Detect level btw. N and E
Detect level btw. E and S
Detect level btw. S and N
0 … 100 % (default 70 %)
0 … 100 % (default 70 %)
F.3 PTU configuration settings
0TF!0TF,n=A0430432 <cr><lf>
Table 70 PTU configuration settings
Field character
n
Field name
PTU serial number
M211840EN-E
Description
A,B,… = 2005,2006…
1 ... 52 = week
1 ... 7 = weekday
1 ... 9999 = serial number
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Appendix F – Factory configurations
F.4 Rain configuration settings
0RF!0RF,p=1.0,n=3.0,d=N,f=0<cr><lf> f d
Table 71 Rain configuration settings
Field character
p, n
Field name
Positive and negative gain
Bypass all hits
Wind filter bypass
Description
0.1 … 25.5 (p=1.0, n=1.0)
Y=Enabled, N= Disabled (default)
0,1 … 4 (0=wind depended, 1,2,3,4=threshold level)
F.5 Supervisor settings
0SF!0SF,t=19.8,b=17159,l=-4.0,m=0.0,h=4.0<cr><lf>
Table 72 General unit settings l t b
Field character Field name
CPU temperature calibration temperature
Direct ADC value of CPU temperature diode
Heater control gain m h
Heating set point
Not used
Description
°C
0 … 4096
-100.0 ...[m] °C
(default -4.0 °C)
°C
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Appendix G. Connecting external sensors to WXT536
This section describes how to connect the following external sensors to WXT536:
• Ultrasonic level sensor
• Pyranometer
• Resistance temperature sensor
• Rain gauge
Figure 37 Connecting external sensors to
WXT536
1 Ultrasonic level sensor
2 Pyranometer
3 Resistance temperature sensor
4 Rain gauge
G.1 Connecting ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536
The following figure shows how to connect the ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536.
IRU-9429 needs excitation voltage set to a 5 V level to get readings out to the
WXT536 input. You need a power box between WXT536 and IRU-9429.
198
Appendix G – Connecting external sensors to WXT536
Figure 38 Connecting ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536
The following figure shows how to wire the ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 39 Wiring ultrasonic level sensor to WXT536
200
Appendix G – Connecting external sensors to WXT536
Table 73 Ultrasonic level connections
5
6
7
8
Level sensor connections
Pin
1
2
3
4
Pin function
-
-
-
-
AGND
Common analog ground for Pt, TIP, and WS
-
-
WSIN
Ultrasonic level sensor input+
AGND= -
0 ... 2.5 V
0 ... 5 V
0 ... 10 V
Ultrasonic level sensor
Wire color
-
-
-
Green
Function
-
-
-
Analog ground
-
-
-
White
-
-
-
0 ... 2.5 VDC
G.2 Connecting pyranometer to WXT536
The following figure shows how to connect a pyranometer to WXT536.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 40 Connecting pyranometer to WXT536
The following figure shows how to peel the pyranometer cable sheath.
202
Appendix G – Connecting external sensors to WXT536
Figure 41 Peeling pyranometer cable sheath
1 Red cable
2 Blue cable
3 Cable sheath
4 CMP3 cable
The following figure shows how to wire the pyranometer to WXT536.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 42 Wiring pyranometer to WXT53
1 Red cable
2 Blue cable
204
Appendix G – Connecting external sensors to WXT536
Table 74 Pyranometer connections
Solar radiation connections
Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Pin function
Pyranometer
Wire color
-
-
-
-
-
SR+
Solar radiation sensor input +
0 ... 25 mV
-
SR-
Solar radiation sensor input -
-
-
Red
Blue
-
-
-
-
-
-
Function
-
-
-
-
-
+
G.3 Connecting resistance temperature sensor
Connect the temperature sensor to the M12 connector of the transmitter.
Figure 43 Pt1000 connected to WXT536 M12 connector
The following figure shows how to wire a temperature sensor to the transmitter.
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 44 Wiring temperature sensor Pt1000 to WXT536
206
Appendix G – Connecting external sensors to WXT536
Figure 45 Wiring temperature sensor TM-Pt1000 to WXT536
Figure 46 TM-Pt1000 connector
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 75 Temperature sensor connections
Sensor connections
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
Pin Pin function
-
-
-
PTI+
PT1000 measuring current.
PT1000 temperature sensor current feed.
PT+
PT1000 input+
PT1000 temperature sensor.
Sense +.
-
PT-
PT1000 input-
PT1000 temperature sensor.Sense-.
AGND
Common analog ground for
PT, TIP, and WS.
Common ground for level, tipping bucket, and Pt1000.
-
-
-
-
-
TM-Pt1000
-
Wire color
White
Brown -
-
-
-
-
-
-
Function
+
G.4 Connecting rain gauge to WXT536
The following figure shows how to wire rain gauge RG13 to WXT536.
208
Appendix G – Connecting external sensors to WXT536
Figure 47 Wiring RG13/RG13H to WXT536
1 Cable tie
2 Screw terminal 8
3 Screw terminal 7
4 Cable shield
5 Grounding point
Only the heated rain gauge RG13H has terminals 4, 5, and 6 for the heating power.
RG13H requires 33 W power to enable heating. You need a power box between
WXT536 and RG13H
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 76 Rain gauge connections
Sensor connections
Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Pin function
-
-
-
-
-
-
AGND
Common analog ground for
Pt, TIP, and WS
TIP IN
Tipping bucket digital input connect to AGND for pulse
-
-
-
RG13/RG13H
Wire color
-
-
-
Terminal 7
(Blue wire)
Terminal 8
(Red wire)
-
-
-
Function
-
-
-
Normally open contact
Normally open contact
After wiring the sensor and connecting it to WXT536, you can configure the analog input through Vaisala Configuration Tool.
210
Appendix H – Complete set of accessories
Appendix H. Complete set of accessories
Figure 48 Complete set of accessories
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
1 Bird kit (212793)
2 WXT530 Series transmitter
3 Mounting kit (212792)
4 Mounting accessory between mounting kit and 60 mm tube WMSFIX60
5 Cable USB RS-232/RS-485 1.4 m USB M12 (220782)
6 USB service cable delivered with the Vaisala Configuration Tool (220614)
7 Cable 2 m shielded 8-pin M12 (222287)
8 Cable 40 m shielded 12-pin, open end wires (217020)
9 Cable USB with power supply RS-232 / 485 USB/M12SP / 100-240 VAC (263193SP)
10 Cable 10 meter shielded 8-pin M12 (CBL210679)
11 Cable 50 m shielded 8-pin M12, open end wires (245931)
The following figure shows how to connect surge protector WSP150 to WXT536.
212
Appendix H – Complete set of accessories
Figure 49 WXT536 with surge protector WSP150
1 Cable with open leads (222287 or 222288)
2 WSP150 surge protector
3 Data output cable
4 Operating and heating powers
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Figure 50 WXT536 with surge protector WSP152
1 Cable with connectors on both ends (225952)
2 WSP152 surge protector
3 USB cable (220782)
4 Operating and heating powers
214
Appendix I – Configuration parameters
Appendix I. Configuration parameters
Table 77 General parameters
Parameter
Supervisor settings
Factory
Order option defined*
Device address
0
Range
1 = Th Heating temperature
1 = Vh Heating voltage
1 = Vs Supply voltage
1 = Vr 3.5 V reference voltage
1 = Id Information field
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved [& =
Delimiter]
1 = Th Heating temperature
1 = Vh Heating voltage
0 = Vs Supply voltage
0 = Vr 3.5 V reference voltage
0 = Id Information field
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 … 9, A. … Z, a … z
Info
Format:1111000011000000
First 8 are for combined message and last 8 for composite message.
1 = Data is on
0 = Data is off
Note that you write the parameter format
1111000011000000 but the unit answers:
11110000&11000000
* For the heated unit factory the setting is
1111000011000000and for the non-heated
0000000000000000
Command
SU,R
Address identifier
XU,A
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Parameter
Protocol selection
Factory
Order option defined
Test message 0
Serial interface
Order option defined
Repeat interval in seconds
Baud rate
0
Data bits
Parity
Order option defined
Order option defined
Order option
Range Info
A = ASCII, automatic a = ASCII, automatic w. crc
P = ASCII, polled p = ASCII, polled w. crc
N = NMEA, automatic
Q = NMEA, query
S = SDI-12, R
R = SDI, continuous meas
1 = SDI-12
2 = RS-232
3 = RS-485
4 = RS-422*
0 … 3600 seconds
For test purposes
*Note that RS-422 hardware is wired differently inside the unit.
Command
XU,M
XU,T
XU,C
XU,I
1200, 2400, 4800, 9600,
19200, 38400, 57600,
115200 Bauds
7, 8
Stop bits Order option defined
RS-485 delay 25
Device name Order option defined
Software version
3.xx
O = Odd
E = Even
N = None
1, 2
0 … 10000 ms
WXT531 ... WXT536
3.xx
Read-only
Read-only
XU,B
XU,D
XU,P
XU, S
XU,L
XU,N
XU,V
216
Appendix I – Configuration parameters
Table 78 Pressure, temperature and humidity parameters
Parameter
PTU data controls
Factory
Order option defined
Range
1 = Pa Air pressure
1 = Ta Air temperature
0 = Tp internal temperature
1 = Ua Air humidity
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved[& =
Delimiter]
1 = Pa Air pressure
1 = Ta Air temperature
0 = Tp internal temperature
1 = Ua Air humidity
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
1 ... 3600 seconds PTU update interval
60
Pressure unit H
Temperature unit
C
H = hPa
P = Pascal
B = bar
I = inHg
C = Celsius, F =
Fahrenheit
Info
Format:110100001101000
0
The first 8 are for combined message and the last 8 for composite message.
1 = Data is on
0 = Data is off
Note that you write the parameter format:
1101000011010000 but the unit answers
11010000&11010000.
Command
TU,R
TU,I
TU,P
TU,T
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WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
Table 79 Wind parameters
Parameter
Wind data controls
Factory
Order option defined
Range Info
1 = Dn Direction minimum Format:1111110001001000
1 = Dm Direction average
1 = Dx Direction maximum
1 = Sn Speed minimum
The first 8 are for combined message and the last 8 for composite message.
1 = Sm Speed average
1 = Data is on
0 = Data is off
1 = Sx Speed maximum
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved[& =
Delimiter]
Note that you write the parameter format
1111110001001000 but the unit answers
11111100&01001000.
0 = Dn Direction minimum
1 = Dm Direction average
0 = Dx Direction maximum
0 = Sn Speed minimum
1 = Sm Speed average
0 = Sx Speed maximum
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
1 … 3600 seconds
Command
WU,R
WU,I
Wind update interval
Wind averaging time
5
3
Wind speed calculation mode
Wind speed unit
Wind direction offset
1
M
0
NMEA format W
Sampling rate 4
1 … 3600 seconds
1 = Max/min calculation 3
= Gust/lull calculation
M = m/s, K = km/h, S = mph, N = knots
-180 ... 180
T = XDR, W = MWV
1, 2, 4 Hz
WU,A
WU,G
WU,U
WU,D
WU,N
WU,F
218
Appendix I – Configuration parameters
Table 80 Precipitation parameters
Parameter
Precipitation data controls
Factory
60
Range
1 = Rc Rain amount
1 = Rd Rain duration
1 = Ri Rain intensity
1 = Hc Hail amount
1 = Hd Hail duration
1 = Hi Hail intensity
1 = Rp Rain peak
1 = Rp Hail peak[& =
Delimiter]
1 = Rc Rain amount
1 = Rd Rain duration
1 = Ri Rain intensity
1 = Hc Hail amount
1 = Hd Hail duration
1 = Hi Hail intensity
1 = Rp Rain peak
1 = Rp Hail peak
1 … 3600 seconds Precipitation update interval
Precipitation unit
M M = metric (mm, s, mm/h)
I = imperial (in, s, in/h)
Info
Format:1111110010000000
The first 8 are for combined message and the last 8 for composite message.
1 = Data is on
0 = Data is off
Note that you write the parameter format
1111110010000000 but the unit answers
11111100&10000000.
Command
RU,R
RU,I
RU,U
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Table 81 Auxiliary sensor parameters
Parameter
Auxiliary sensor controls
Factory
Order option defined
Range Info
1 = Tr pt1000 temperature Format: 1111100011111000
1 = Ra Aux. rain amount
1 = Sl Ultrasonic level sensor
The first 8 are for combined message and the last 8 for composite message.
1 = Sr Solar radiation
1 = Rt pt1000 resistance
1 = Data is on
0 = Data is off
0 = Reserved
1 = Analog output mode*
0 = Reserved[& =
Delimiter]
1 = Tr pt1000 temperature
1 = Ra Aux. rain amount
Note that you write the parameter format
1111100011111000 but the unit answers
11111000&11111000
Note that Analog output mode is never set when external sensors are in use.
1 = Sl Ultrasonic level sensor
1 = Sr Solar radiation
1 = Rt pt1000 resistance
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0.5 … 3600 seconds Auxiliary sensor update interval
Auxiliary sensor averaging time
Auxiliary rain sensor gain
60
3
0.2
0.25 … 3600 seconds
0.000000001 … 1000000
Command
IU,R
IU,I
IU,A
IA,G
220
Parameter
Reset mode
(cumulative rain amount resetting)
Factory
M
Rain reset limit 1000
Auxiliary solar sensor gain
100000
Auxiliary level sensor gain
1
Auxiliary level sensor operating range
1
Auxiliary temperature averaging
1
Range
M = resets rain when pulse amount exceeds
65535. When gain is 0.2, it resets at 65536*0.2 =
13107 (mm)
L = resets when reaching limit value
A = Cumulative rain value is reset every time rain information is sent out from transmitter (user counts cumulative rain amount).
0.000000001 … 1000000
0.000000001 … 1000000
Info
0.000000001 … 1000000
0 = 0 to 2.5 V range
1 = 0 to 5.0 V range
2 = 0 to 10.0 V range
0.5 … 3600
Appendix I – Configuration parameters
Command
IA,M
IA,L
IB,G
IS,G
IS,M
IP,A
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Table 82 Analog mA output parameters
Parameter
Auxiliary sensor definitions
Wind speed gain
Wind speed offset
Wind speed minimum
Wind speed maximum
Wind speed error indication
Factory
Order option defined
Order option defined
Order option defined
0
20
22
Range
1 = Tr pt1000 temperature Format:
1 = Ra Aux. rain amount
0000001000000000
1 = mA output is in use
1 = Sl Ultrasonic level sensor
0 = mA output is off
1 = Sr Solar radiation
1 = Rt pt1000 resistance
0 = Reserved
Note that you write the parameter format
0000001000000000 but the unit answers
00000010&00000000
1 = Analog output mode
0 = Reserved[& =
Delimiter]
Note that the analog output mode is used only inWXT532 with the mA output option.
1 = Tr pt1000 temperature
1 = Ra Aux. rain amount
1 = Sl Ultrasonic level sensor
1 = Sr Solar radiation
1 = Rt pt1000 resistance
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0 = Reserved
0.000000001 … 1000000 4 … 20 mA = 0.266667
(20 mA = 60 m/s)
0..20 mA = 0.333333 (20 mA = 60 m/s)
0 … 24 4 … 20 mA = 4
0 … 20 mA = 0
0 … 24
0 … 24
0 … 24
Info
4 … 20 mA = 0
0 … 20 mA = 0
4 … 20 mA = 20
0 … 20 mA = 20
4 … 20 mA = 22
0 … 20 mA = 22
Command
IU,R
SU,a
SU,b
SU,c
SU,d
SU,e
222
Appendix I – Configuration parameters
Parameter Factory
Wind direction gain
Wind direction offset
Wind direction minimum
Order option defined
Order option defined
0
Wind direction maximum
20
Wind direction error indication
22
Range Info
0.000000001 … 1000000 4 … 20 mA = 0.044444
0 … 20 mA = 0.055556
0 … 24
0 … 24
0 … 24
0 … 24
4 … 20 mA = 4
0 … 20 mA = 0
4 … 20 mA = 0
0 … 20 mA = 0
4 … 20 mA = 20
0 … 20 mA = 20
4 … 20 mA = 22
0 … 20 mA = 22
Command
SU,f
SU,g
SU,h
SU,j
SU,k
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Appendix J. Recycling instructions
These recycling instructions guide you on the end-of-life treatment of this Vaisala product. As waste regulations and infrastructure vary in each country, these instructions only indicate the different components to be separated and common ways to handle them. Always follow local requirements when disposing of the product. Vaisala encourages to use the best available recycling practices to minimize related environmental impacts.
Vaisala is committed to meeting the requirements of the EU Waste Electrical and
Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive. This directive aims to minimize the impact of electrical and electronic goods on the environment, by increasing reuse and recycling, and reducing the amount of WEEE going to landfill. This symbol indicates that the product should be collected separately from other waste streams and treated appropriately.
224
Index
Index
Symbols
# sign....................................................................... 155
A
abbreviations.......................................................... 89
accessories........................................................22, 211
bird kit.....................................................................26
mounting kit..........................................................24
see
options
order codes..........................................................166
surge protector.....................................................25
USB cable...............................................................23
Vaisala Configuration Tool.................................27
accumulated rainfall...................................... 31, 140
AC range...................................................................58
address query......................................................... 98
air temperature.............................................128, 160
air terminal...............................................................35
aligning........................................................48, 50, 51
alignment direction indicator
, see
North arrow
ambient temperature............................................33
analog input..............................................................15
connector pin....................................................... 141
enabling/disabling.............................................144
interface................................................................. 34
options.................................................................. 162
signal name...........................................................141
analog output........................................................148
enabling/disabling.............................................150
interface................................................................. 34
wind direction channel..................................... 150
wind speed channel...........................................149
AOUT1 / AOUT2.................................................... 148
ASCII..................................................................89, 175
protocol..................................................................96
auto-send mode....................................................135
Aux rain...................................................................146
averaging time.......................................141, 144, 147
B
backward compatibility........................................28
BAROCAP.................................................................32
barometric pressure............................................ 160
bird kit................................................................26, 211
bits
precipitation parameters..................................132
PTU parameters.................................................. 128
wind parameters.................................................123
Bushing and Grounding Kit..........................20, 47
C
cable gland....................................................... 20, 58
cables........................................................................211
USB RS-232/RS-485........................................... 23
USB service cable..........................................23, 76
Vaisala USB cable................................................ 53
cable sheath...........................................................201
changing
averaging time.................................................... 125
communication settings..................................... 81
data message...................................................... 125
device address......................................................99
direction offset....................................................125
NMEA wind formatter....................................... 125
settings.................................................130, 135, 139
speed unit.............................................................125
update interval....................................................125
wind speed...........................................................125
cleaning................................................................... 152
225
WXT530 Series User Guide
CLI mode.................................................................. 57
combined data message
, see
composite message commands
?................................................................................98
aAb.......................................................................... 99
aC...................................................................102, 105
aCC.........................................................................103
aD.................................................................. 104, 105
aI.............................................................................100
aIU......................................................... 144, 146, 147
aM................................................................... 101, 105
aMC........................................................................ 102
aR.....................................................................94, 107
aR0................................................... 94, 97, 121, 140
aR1......................................................................91, 96
aR4......................................................................... 145
aR5....................................................................93, 96
aRC.........................................................................108
aRU..................................................................131, 135
aSU................................................ 136, 139, 157, 159
aTU.........................................................127, 130, 147
aWU...............................................................122, 150
aXU.....................................................................78, 81
aXZ.......................................................................... 84
aXZM....................................................................... 87
MWV.......................................................................110
XDR.......................................................................... 111
XZRI.........................................................................86
XZRU....................................................................... 85
communication protocols.......................... 122, 162
RS-232.....................................................................75
RS-422.................................................................... 75
RS-485............................................................ 75, 175
SDI-12...............................................................75, 174
M211840EN-E
communication settings.................................78, 81
compass
, see
aligning
compass safe distance..........................................35
compatibility........................................................... 28
compliance...............................................................29
components............................................................ 20
composite data message.....................97, 121, 140
concurrent measurement...................................102
concurrent measurement with CRC................103
configuration parameters...................................215
configuration tool
, see
Vaisala Configuration
Tool connecting
external sensors..................................................198
level sensor.......................................................... 198
M12 connector.......................................................78
pyranometer........................................................201
rain gauge........................................................... 208
resistance temperature sensor......................205
screw terminal...................................................... 78
service cable......................................................... 76
several transmitters........................................... 174
connection cables.................................................. 75
connectors...............................................................20
4-pin M8................................................................. 23
8-pin M12..................................58, 64, 67, 78, 205
analog input..........................................................141
TM-Pt1000.......................................................... 205
continuous measurement..........................107, 108
corrosion protection..............................................35
counter reset..........................................................135
CRC................................................................... 95, 108
ASCII...................................................................... 192
CRC-16 computation............................................192
current consumption........................................... 162
D
Data- / Data+......................................................... 175
data communication interfaces..........................73
data message........................................................ 139
226
getting...................................................................145
precipitation..........................................................92
retrieving................................................................84
settings................................................................. 130
wind..........................................................................91
DC voltage range................................................... 58
deviation angle........................................................ 51
device address...............................................90, 109
digital outputs....................................................... 162
dimensions............................................................. 168
disposal.................................................................. 224
document version....................................................11
driver
, see
Vaisala USB Instrument Driver
E
earthing
, see
grounding
economic power management........................... 61
electromagnetic compatibility.................. 29, 164
error......................................................... 155, 157, 159
error messaging....................................................139
ESD protection....................................................... 29
external sensors.............................................34, 198
pyranometer........................................................201
rain gauge........................................................... 208
resistance temperature sensor......................205
ultrasonic level sensor...................................... 198
external temperature............................................34
F
factory configuration...........................................195
failure....................................................................... 155
fixing screw............................................................. 20
G
gain................................................................... 141, 146
grounding.................................................................47
grounding point..................................................... 20
H
hail............................................................................ 132
Index
hail accumulation..................................................135
hail intensity............................................................. 31
handling.................................................................... 37
heated sensors........................................................33
heater resistance.................................................... 33
heating.......................................................28, 33, 159
heating control..............................................137, 139
heating instant current.........................................58
HUMICAP..................................................................32
humidity....................................................................92
humidity sensor..............................................20, 127
I
ingress protection................................................ 164
inputs....................................................................... 162
installation site........................................................35
installing
maritime................................................................. 35
pyranometer......................................................... 39
USB cable driver...................................................53
Vaisala Configuration Tool.................................52
WXT530..................................................................35
internal temperature............................................128
IP classification...............................................24, 164
J
jumper position.......................................................73
L
level measurement................................................ 34
level sensor.............................................................198
level sensor settings............................................ 147
license key................................................................52
lightning protection........................................25, 35
lightning rod
, see
air terminal
location..................................................................... 35
227
WXT530 Series User Guide
M
mA............................................................................ 148
magnetic compass.................................................35
magnetic North...................................................... 48
manual........................................................................ 11
mA output.............................................................. 162
mast location...........................................................35
material................................................................... 165
maximum wind direction...................................140
maximum wind speed........................................ 140
measurement accuracy........................................ 28
measurement combination.................................. 13
measurement failure............................................155
measurement interval.........................................144
measuring
humidity................................................................. 32
precipitation...........................................................31
pressure.................................................................. 32
memory stick...........................................................52
missing message...................................................155
missing parameters..............................................155
missing reading.....................................................159
Modbus...............................................................57, 87
Modbus register maps.........................................179
models
WXT531..............................................................13, 18
WXT532............................................................. 13, 17
WXT533............................................................. 13, 17
WXT534...................................................................13
WXT535...................................................................13
WXT536.............................................................13, 15
mounting
pole mast............................................................... 24
with mounting kit................................................. 41
M211840EN-E
mounting kit...............................................24, 41, 211
N
negative gain......................................................... 197
NMEA 0183 v3.0................................................... 108
automatic mode................................................. 120
checksum computation.................................... 192
NMEA 0183 v 3.0
query..............................................................176, 177
NMEA commands................................................. 127
North................................................................... 48, 51
North arrow............................................................. 39
O
operating voltage.........................................159, 162
optional features.................................................... 22
options........................................................13, 22, 166
order codes............................................................ 166
outputs.................................................................... 162
overvoltage
, see
surge protector
P
package.....................................................................37
parameters............................................................. 215
precipitation.........................................................132
PTU.........................................................................128
supervisor.............................................................137
wind........................................................................123
parameter selection.................................... 144, 147
peak intensity...........................................................31
piezoelectrical sensor............................................ 31
pinouts
analog input..........................................................141
screw terminal...............................................64, 70
serial interfaces.................................................... 64
polling with CRC.....................................................95
positive gain...........................................................197
power consumption........................................ 58, 61
powering up...........................................................164
power management...............................................61
228
power supply...........................................................58
precipitation.......................................................... 160
precipitation counter reset..................................85
precipitation intensity.......................................... 86
precipitation measurement..................................31
precipitation sensor.......................................20, 131
precipitation sensor modes................................. 31
precipitation unit.................................................. 135
pressure............................................................92, 164
pressure sensor.............................................. 20, 127
pressure unit..........................................................130
problem...................................................................155
product code..........................................................167
protocol
, see
communication protocols
Pt1000..................................................... 32, 147, 205
PTU........................................................................... 127
configuration settings.......................................196
data message........................................................92
measurement principle...................................... 32
module............................................................32, 152
pulse length........................................................... 195
pulses per mm.......................................................146
pyranometer..................................................198, 201
R
radiation shield........................................20, 39, 152
rain............................................................................ 132
see also
precipitation
rain accumulation................................................. 135
RAINCAP................................................................... 31
rain configuration................................................. 197
rain counter............................................................146
rain gauge.............................................. 34, 198, 208
rain measurement...................................................31
read-only setting.................................................. 195
recycling.................................................................224
relative humidity..........................................160, 164
replacing PTU module.........................................152
Index
reset limit................................................................146
reset mode............................................................. 146
resetting hail accumulation.................................85
resetting rain accumulation................................ 85
resetting software................................................. 84
resistance temperature sensor................198, 205
retrieving data messages.................................... 84
retrofit ...................................................................... 28
RG13 connections................................................208
RS-485 wiring........................................................175
rubber plug..............................................................58
S
safety.........................................................................29
sampling rate.......................................................... 30
screw cover.......................................................20, 39
SDI-12...............................................................174, 190
continuous mode.................................................97
electrical interface............................................. 190
native mode...........................................................97
parameter order..................................................147
protocol......................................................... 97, 190
timing.................................................................... 190
wiring..................................................................... 174
self-diagnostics..................................................... 157
sending data..........................................................104
serial communication............................................78
serial connector......................................................58
serial interfaces.......................................................58
serial number......................................................... 167
service cable ...........................................................76
see also
cables
Service Pack 2.........................................................76
service port.......................................................20, 76
setting fields............................................................79
settings
changing...................................... 125, 130, 135, 139
checking................................................................127
data message...................................................... 122
PTU......................................................................... 127
229
WXT530 Series User Guide
rain configuration............................................... 197
sensor ................................................................... 122
temperature......................................................... 147
shipping container................................................. 37
single transducer mode...................................... 195
size
, see
dimensions snow accumulation
, see
heating software
, see
Vaisala Configuration Tool
solar radiation........................................34, 146, 201
specifications
air temperature measurement....................... 160
analog input.........................................................162
analog mA output..............................................162
barometric pressure measurement.............. 160
electrical............................................................... 162
electromagnetic compatibility.......................164
environmental.....................................................164
mechanical........................................................... 165
precipitation measurement.............................160
wind measurement............................................160
standards................................................................164
starting measurement.................................101, 102
storage...................................................................... 35
strategy................................................................... 195
supervisor message.............................................136
supervisor settings...................................... 136, 197
supply voltage...............................................137, 159
surge protector................................................ 25, 35
T
temperature.............................................................92
below zero
, see
heating
operative.............................................................. 164
setting....................................................................147
storage.................................................................. 164
temperature sensor.......................................20, 127
temperature unit...................................................130
terminal program................................................... 76
termination jumper................................................73
termination resistor............................................... 73
M211840EN-E
text message..........................................................157
text transmission.................................................. 120
time slot...................................................................176
tip counter..............................................................146
tipping bucket
, see
rain gauge
TM-Pt1000.............................................................205
trademark..................................................................12
transducer.........................................................20, 30
transducer measurement query.........................111
troubleshooting.................................................... 155
true North................................................................ 48
type label................................................................ 167
U
ultrasonic level sensor.........................................198
units........................................................................... 89
unit setting............................................................. 195
unpacking.................................................................37
update interval.....................130, 135, 137, 139, 144
updating firmware.................................................56
USB cable driver.............................................. 23, 53
V
Vaisala Configuration Tool.............52, 76, 122, 141
Vaisala USB Instrument Driver........................... 53
voltage range.......................................................... 58
volts / user unit.....................................................146
W
waste.......................................................................224
weight......................................................................165
wind......................................................................... 160
WINDCAP ............................................................... 30
wind configuration...............................................195
wind direction.................................................30, 123
wind direction offset..............................................51
wind direction query............................................ 110
wind filter bypass................................................. 197
wind measurement............................................... 30
wind measurement averaging method.......... 193
230
wind sensor............................................................ 122
wind speed......................................................30, 123
wind speed query................................................. 110
wind speed range.................................................164
wiring.........................................................................58
level sensor.......................................................... 198
M12 connector...................................................... 64
mA output..............................................................67
pyranometer........................................................201
resistance temperature sensor......................205
RS-232.................................................................... 67
RS-422.................................................................... 67
RS-485............................................................67, 175
screw terminals.................................................... 70
SDI-12.............................................................. 67, 174
WMT52
, see
backward compatibility
WSP150.....................................................................25
WSP150/WSP152
, see
surge protector
WSP152..................................................................... 25
WXT520
, see
backward compatibility
WXT531................................................................ 13, 18
WXT532................................................13, 17, 34, 148
WXT533............................................................... 13, 17
WXT534...............................................................13, 16
WXT535............................................................... 13, 16
WXT536............................................................... 13, 15
components.......................................................... 20
X
XDR...........................................................................175
Z
zero adjustment....................................................195
Index
231
WXT530 Series User Guide M211840EN-E
232
Warranty
For standard warranty terms and conditions, see www.vaisala.com/warranty .
Please observe that any such warranty may not be valid in case of damage due to normal wear and tear, exceptional operating conditions, negligent handling or installation, or unauthorized modifications. Please see the applicable supply contract or Conditions of Sale for details of the warranty for each product.
Recycling
Recycle all applicable material.
Follow the statutory regulations for disposing of the product and packaging.
Technical support
Contact Vaisala technical support at [email protected]
. Provide at least the following supporting information as applicable:
• Product name, model, and serial number
• Software/Firmware version
• Name and location of the installation site
• Name and contact information of a technical person who can provide further information on the problem
For more information, see www.vaisala.com/support .
233
www.vaisala.com

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