Advertisement
Advertisement
TAt3LE OF CONTENTS
2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
KCS 55A Compass System. . . .
KI 525A Indicator . . . . . . . . . . .
The Slaving Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Procedures
Vectors to intercept a radial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Turn to intercept a Victor Airway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
Negotiating a dogleg in a Victor Airway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Airwaylnterception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
HoldingPattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ILSApproach-Front Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LOC Approach-Back Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
SystemComponents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
?
KAP200AutopilotSystem . . . . . . . . 18
KAP 200 System Panel checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
KFC200FlightControlSystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KFC 200 System Panel Checklist
, ,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
KFC 200 System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
KFC200System Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Modes of Operation Flight Director System . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating theKFC200System. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Safety-Integrity Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
PreflightTest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Flight Director Mode(FD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autopilot Engagement (AP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HeadingSelectIPreselect Mcde(HDG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Navigation (NAVIARM and NAVCPLD) Mode . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approach (APPRIARM and APPRICPLD) Mode . . . . . . . . . .
BackCourse(BC)Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Go-Around Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Optional AltitudeSelect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'
. . . .32
Altitude Hold(ALT)Mode .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manual ElectricTrim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33
33
Control Wheelsteering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3
KFC 200 Operating Procedures
Takeoff andClimbtoSelectedAltitude
?"::. . %,35
Outbound on Front Course for Procedure
TurntolLSApproach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,37
Front Course ILS Approach with Missed
Approach and Go-Around . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38,39
RNAVCapture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,41
General Emergency Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disengage APIYAW DAMP
42
Automatic AP Disengagement
Manual Electric Pitch Trim Disengagement
Engine Failure in MIE Aircraft (Coupled)
System weight and power requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
King Warranty Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Back cover
c
The pressures of single-pilot instrument flying in to- day’s busy air traffic environment can place some very critical demands on your skill and concentra- tion.
To help you stay on top has designed the KAPlKFC of the situation, King
200 systems to provide affordable flight control sophistication for your high-performance single or piston twin.
In this Pilot’s Guide you’ll find answers to most of your questions regarding the performanceL,q- pabilities and basic operational requirements of these advanced-design King systems.
IMPORTANT This Pilot Guide provides a eneral description
of
the various operational characteristics ofthe KAP/KFC
200
Flight Control Systems. However, operation of these systems should not
be
attempted without first reviewing the specific information in the
FAA
approved Aircraft Flight Manual Sup- plement for your particular aircraft type.
3
L
'
-,
I -
AUTO CCW
IA
I ' tracking, while eliminating the and KFC 200 systems
The panel-mounted KI 525APNI combines separate indicators the display functions of both the standard
4
(actual size)
Dual
NAV Warning
Flag
Lubber Line Compass
\ I
/Warning Flag
Course
Select
Pointer
I
.
Indicator
Glideslope
-Deviation
Scale
Aircraft
-T
Course'
Select Knob
VOR/LOC
Deviation Scale
Codpass Card
THE KI
525A
INDICATO..
The KI 525A Pictorial Navi ation Indicator is formation into one compact display. By pro- the panel display
for
the K8S 55A Compass viding a simple, comprehensive visual pre-
System. It replaces the standard directional sentation y r o of the aircraft's heading and posi- t e aircraft's panel, combining slaved head- navigation workload is considerabiy re- ing and VORlLOClGlideslope deviation in- duced.
5
6
DESCRIPTION
OF
AND
DlspLAY rm
m - X T O R
FUNTlONS
Compass Card-Responding to the input from the slaved directional gyro, this card ro- tates within the display so that the aircraft heading is always at the top, under the lub- ber line.
Heading Select Bug-A movable orange marker on the outer perimeter of the display, used primarily to select the desired heading you wish to fly. This desired heading is coupled to the KAP 200 Autopilot or KFC 200
Flight Director to provide the "Heading
Select" function.
Lubber Line-A fixed white marker at the top of the display that indicates aircraft magnetic heading on the compass card. Heading Select Knob-Used to rotate the heading select bug to a desired point on the compass card.
.
Symbolic Aircratt-A fixed representation of the actual aircraft. This miniature aircraft al- ways points toward the top of the display and the lubber line.
Selected Course Pointer-On this two-part arrow, the "head" indicates the desired VOR or Localizer course and the "tail" indicates the reciprocal. This pointer is set by rotating the course select knob.
Course Select Knob-Used to rotate the course pointer to the desired course on the compass card. This knob corresponds to the
Omni Bearing Selector (06s) on standard
NAV indicators.
To-From indicator-A white triangle near the center of the display that indicates, with ref- erence to the OBS setting, whether the course selected is "to" or "from" the selected
VOR station andlor RNAV waypoint.
Dual Glideslope Pointers-Chartreuse trian- gular pointers on either side of the display drop into view when a usable Glideslope sig- nal is received and retract out of view when the Glideslope signal becomes marginal.
During an ILS approach, these pointers rep- resent the vertical orientation of the aircraft with respect to the center of the Glideslope beam. When on Glideslope, the pointers will align with the center markers on the Glide- slope scale.
VOR/RNAV and LOC Deviation Bar-This bar corresponds to the "leftlri ht" needle on standard course deviation in8cators. When the aircraft is precisely on the VOR radial or
Localizer course, it forms the center section of the selected course pointer and will be positioned under the symbolic aircraft. When off course or approaching a new course, it will move to one side or the other. Since the entire VOR and Localizer display rotates with the compass card, the angular relationship between the deviation bar and the symbolic aircraft provides a pictorial symbolic display of the aircraft's position with respect to the selected course.
Glideslope Deviation Scale-White dots on each sideof the display which, in conjunction with the F;lideslope pointers, indicate either
"above", below", or "on Glideslope" during an ILS approach.
Com
" H D E e c o m e s visibyzn the upper right quadrant of the display whenever the electri- cal power is inadequate or the directional gyro to speed. Compass failures can occur which will not be annunciated by the is s
'HDG'
Warning Fla not up
A red flag labeled flag. Therefore, periodic compari- son with the standby compass is advised. b '
Deviation Scale-When tuned to a VOR fre- quency, each white dot represents 2" of de- viation left or right of course. When tuned to a
Localizer, the deviation is M" per dot. In
RNAV "APPR" mode the scale is nm per dot."
?4 nm per dot. In RNAV 'ENROUTE" mode the scale is 1
'This is true
RNAV systems. of all King and most other
NAV Waming Flag-A red flag labeled "NAV" becomes visible in the upper left quadrant of the display whenever a usable VOR or Lo- calizer signal is not being received. If RNAV is installed and the system is in RNAV mode, both VOR and, DME must be usable before the NAV flag will disappear.
'
Slaving
Meter
KA 51A
“lESLWNGMETER
1 lntemally Lighted
(actual size)
Clockwise
Adjustment
’
Slave and Free
Gyro Switch
Counterclockwise
Adjustment
KA51B
/A
\
MAN CW
1
7
\ counterclockwise
Adjustments
Slaving Meter-This meter indicates any difference between the displayed heading and the magnetic heading. Right or updeflec- tion indicates a clockwise error of the com- pass card. Left or down deflection indicates a counterclockwise error of the compass card.
Whenever the aircraft is in a turn and the card rotates, it is normal for this meter to showa full deflection to one side or the other.
Clockwise Adjustment (KA 51A)-
When the system is in the free gyro mode, depressing the clockwise manual heading drive button will rotate the compass card to the right to eliminate left compass card error
(KA 51 B)-Operation is identical except switch is held to clockwise position.
NOTE: During level flight it is normal for the meter needle to continuously move from side to side and to be fully deflected during a turn. If the needle stays fully deflected, left or right, during level flight, the free gyro mode can be used to center it. as described below.
Counterclockwise Adjustment (KA 51A)
When the system is in the free gyro mode, depressing the counterclockwise manual heading drive button will rotate the compass card to the left to eliminate right compass card error. (KA 518)-Operation is identical except switch is held to counterclockwise position.
Slaveand FreeGyroSwitch(KA51A)-
When depressed, the system is in the slaved gyro mode. When the button is in the outer position (not engaged) the system is in the free gyro mode. (KA 51B)-Operation is iden- tical except switch is pulled and moved to the appropriate position.
The KA 51 B Control and Compensator
Unit is a smaller slaving accessory which has replaced the KA 51A. The KA 51B can be mounted either vertically or horizontally, and provides all the slaving modes and capa- bilities of the larger KA 51A.
7
8
OPERATING
1. Until power is applied to the KCS 55A Sys- tem, and the directional gyro is up to speed, a red flag labeled "HDG" will be visible in the upper right quadrant of the KI 525A Indicator
In operation, this warning flag will be visible whenever the power being supplied is in- adequate or the gyro is not up to speed
5. Until a usable navigation signal is being received by the KCS 55A system, a red fla labeled 'NAY will be visible in the upper left quadrant of the KI 525A Indicator In opera- tion, this warning flag should be visible whenever an inadequate navigation signal is being received.
2. With the application of power to the KCS
55A System, and gyro up to operating speed, the red "HDG" flag should disappear from view.
6. For normal navigation to or from a VOR or
VORTAC, set the NAV receiver to the desired
VOR or VORTAC frequency and the red navi- ation flag (NAV) should disappear from view
!a usable signal is being received.
3. the KCS 554 System is in the slaved gyro mode, the compass card will automatically fast slave at the rate of 180 degrees per minute toward the aircraft's magnetic heading.
(Immediately after applying power, this com- pass card movement should be quite visible ) It will continue to fast slave until the proper magnetic heading is indicated, after which it wll slave at a constant rate of 3 degrees per minute to keep the system aligned with the earth's magnetic field.
Under some conditions it is possible for the system to stop slaving exactly 180" from the correct heading. If this should occur. move the ManlAuto switch to the Man mition.
Rotate thecompasscard rt 10"fromtheincor- reci heading by holding the CWlCCW switch to one side, and then return the system to slaved operation by moving the ManlAutoswitch back to the Auto position. The system will then slave to the correct heading.
7. Rotate the course select knob to position the course pointer to the desired VOR course.
8. The VOR deviation bar represents the selected course and the relationship of this bar to the symbolic aircraft in the center of the instrument visually presents the actual rela- tionship of the selected course to your air- craft heading. (In other words, if the symbolic aircraft on the display indicates a proaching the deviation bar at 45", that is t l e angle at which your aircraft is actually approaching the selected course.)
9. To prepare for an 1LS approach, tune the
NAV receiver to the desired Localizer fre- quency. If a usable Localizer Signal is being received, the NAV warning flag will disap- pear.
4. For free gyro operation, check the slaving meter to determine whether there is right or left deflection. Then hold the CWlCCW switch to centertheneedleandproperlyalign with the earth's magnetic field. A check with the standby compass is recommended to assure there is approximate agreement.
10. For a front or back course approach, ro- tate the course select knob to set the course pointer on the inbound Localizer course. As with normal navigation (X6 above), the LOC deviation bar represents the desired course.
The relationship between this bar and the symbolic aircraft gives a twpicture of your
lNsTRUcTl0NS aircraft's position with respect to the Lo- calizer course Always setting the course pointer to the inbound Localizer course pro- vides the correct deviation bar sensing whether flying a front or back course ap-
If the Glideslope pointers remain out of view during a front course ILS approach,
P either the aircraft Glideslope receiver or the round station Glideslope transmitter unctioning. is mal-
Glideslope is usually not avail- able during a back course approach. (The
VOR and LOC course display will continue to function normally even if a usable Glideslope signal is not being received.) become visible on both sides of the display when a usable Glideslope signal is received
If they do not come into view, a usable Glide- slope signal is not being received
12. The Glideslope pointers indicate the rela- tive position of the Glideslope path with re- spect to the aircraft. (In other words, if the pointers are above the center marker, the air- craft is below the Glideslope.)
Abnormal Circumstances
If the Warning Flag (HDG) appears during operation, the compass card indications will be in error. Power ma be removed from the
KG 102A Directional i y r o by pullin the ap- propriate circuit breaker. The %elected
Course, VORlLOC Deviation Bar, the NAV flag, and the TolFrom Indicator will remain in operation.
A continuous large deflection of the slaving meter or large discrepancies between the magnetic compass and the KI 525A compass card may indicate a failure in the slaving system. If a slaving failure should occur, the
ManlAuto switch should be moved to the Man position to select the free gyro mode. Then, by holding the CWlCCW switch to' the ap- propriate side the compass card can be rotated to the correct heading as indicated on the standby compass. The KCS 55A system should continue to function normally except the heading information will be solely derived from the KG 102A Directional Gyro; there will be no automatic heading correction and periodic adjustments must be made manually to correct for precession by reference to the standby magnetic compass, as with any directional gyro.
If the Navigation Warning Flag (NAV) ap- pears during operation, there are several possibilities: (1) the NAV receiver is not turned on, (2) the NAV receiver is improperly tuned, (3) the ground VOR or LOC station is malfunctioning, (4) the aircraft is out of range of the selected ground station. (5) the aircraft NAV receiver has malfunctioned.
(The compass card will continue to display the aircraft heading even if a usable NAV signal is not being received.) (6) If in RNAV mode the DME has malfunctioned.
NOTE: It is desirable to disconnect the au- topilot under the following conditions
1 HDG flag comes into view
2 System is in Fast Slave
3 During manual slaving
The system has the capability to supply the autopilot with an automatic disconnect signal under these conditions
NOTE. For system limitations in your particu- lar aircraft type, refer to your Flight Manual
Supplement
L . .
9
t
i
.
, i'
Y .
I
----
L
,
Procedures with the KCS 55A
The next few pages depict a normal flight departure from
MKC enroute to STL via Victor
Airway V-12. (Thechartsshown here are for illustration purposes only, not to be used for naviga- tion.) Careful study of these photographs of the KI 525A PNI should give you a better idea of how simple and comprehensive the display really is.
1. vectors to lnterce t
a Radial
After takeoff !om Kansas Ci we select a heading of 60" wi# the heading bug to intercept the 110" course to Napoleon
(ANX) VOR. Selected course pointer is set on 110" with the course knob.,The KI 525A Pic- torial Navigation Indicator con- veniently and accurately dis- plays the intercept angle.
2.
The VOR deviation bar begins to center as we approach the
110" course to Napoleon. The
KI 525A PNI makes it possible to inteEep\ the new course smoothly. withold overshooting or bracketing. One method of doing this is to adjust your heading so that the top of the deviation bar always touches the lubber line. As your aircraft heading approaches the new course, the deviation bar will swing towards the center and the angle of intercept will decrease.
10
Turn a to Intercept
Victor Airway
When the deviation bar is cen- About midway between Napo- tered and aligned with the leon and Columbia (CBI), you
The "TO" indicator starts to course arrow, you are On switch to the CBI VOR and the swing to -FROM" as fly course Notice that correction TOlFROM indicator immedi-
Over the Napoleon VORTAC for wind drift-in this case, a ately s&& to "TO" Also note station At this time, set the 080" heading on a 088" the course arrow should be selected Course pointer on the COUrSe-IS Completely aU- moved from 088" to ago",
V-12 course of 088" tomatic as long as you keep the devlatlon bar centered which is the V-12 inbound
AS you &gin your left turn to track V-12, notice that the
KI 525A PNI continuously dis-
11
12
6.
As you fly over the Columbia station, the TOlFROM changes to 'FROM". outbound course for
Since the
V-12
Columbia to Foristell indicator from
(FTZ)
098'. you now set the selected course pointer on 098" and fly to keep the deviation bar cen- tered.
7.
Near the Heman intersection you switch to Foristell VORTAC and move the course arrow to
100: which is the V-12 inbound course to FTZ. The TOIFRQM. indicator changes to "TO". - *;
--
9. I O .
Airway Interception
Your clearance is V-12 to Foris- TAC, the deviation bar will aligri V-14, flying to the STLVORTAC tell, then V-14 to the St. Louis with the course arrow. Now set Once again, if you fly to keep
(STL) VORTAC, direct Lambert the heading bug to 061" and the deviation bar centered,
Field. Approachjng the
,
FTZ
As you cross the Foristell VOR- You are now established turn left to follow V-14 to the STL correctim station, the heading bug is on VORTAC. for on wind drift will au- tomatically be accomplished.
100" course or as heading com- mand for the autopilot, if used.
Selectthe St. LouisVOflTACon the NAV receiver and set the course pointer on the STL 061" course.
I
1. Approaching the STL VORTAC, the con- 2. Halfway through the outbound turn, the troller asks you to hold southwest of the KI 525A display shows the deviation bar
VORTAC on the 244" radial, right turns. You behind the symbolic aircraft. You know, are now over the station with a 064" course therefore, that you must eventuallyfly back to selected (the TOlFROM indicator has swung the radial in order to be on course during the to "FROM"). Set your heading bug to the re- inbound leg of the holding pattern. ciprocal or outbound heading of 244" for easy reference and begin your right turn holding pattern.
3. as a reference for 244". The 244" radial is
08 the right wing and parallel to your outbound course.
4. Halfway through your turn to the inbound
064"course, the KI 525Ashows the symbolic aircraft approaching the deviation bar at a right angle. By keeping the top of the devia- tion bar on the lubber line, you can complete your turn and roll out precisely on course.
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Flight Manual Supplement.
14
J
1
1. You are vectored from the holding pattern to the 13-mile DME arc. The aircraft is turning, with the heading bug set on 170" to intercept the Localizer. You have already set the selected course pointer on the inbound ILS course 130" and the KI 525A shows the Lo- calizer course is directly ahead. The Glide- slope pointers came into view when the ILS frequency was tuned, since a usable Glide- slope signal is being received.
2. Capturing the ILS course can be accom- plished without overshooting or bracketing with the same technique you used in inter- ceptin an enroute course: Simply keep the top of t8e deviation bar on the lubber line and coordinate your turn until the bar is centered with the course arrow. Each dot on the LOC deviation scale represents 1/2" deviation when tuned to.an ILS frequency.
3. The KI 525A shows you that you have in- tercepted the Localizer course. The Glide- slope pointers have started to center, al- though the displa indicates your aircraft is still below the g l d p a t h at this point.
4. You are now centered on the Localizer and the Glideslope. Once again, the KI 525A shows your aircraft is crabbed about 005" the right to maintain the Localizer course. to
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Ftight Manual Supplement.
.
15
1. You are outbound on the back Localizer course, having already set the course pointer to the inbound front course at 238". The head- ing bug is preset at 193" for the procedure turn. (Since there is usually no Glideslope signal on a back course, the Glideslope pointers are out of sight.)
2. During the procedure turn outbound, the deviation bar shows pictorially that the air- craft (as represented by the symbolic aircraft in the center of the KI 525A) is flying away from the Localizer centerline at a 45" angle when the heading marker is under the lubber line. Note that left-right deviations of the course bar give "fly-to indicators, just as on the front course.
3.
013" and made a 180" turn to this heading.
This 013" heading will intercept the back course. The KI 525A clearly pictures the course you are to intercept and the angle of interception.
4. You have smoothly intercepted the back course. Since the course arrow is set on the front course (238"), the KI 525A shows a true picture of the situation . . flying inbound on the back course. You may reset the heading marker to 058" for easy reference.
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Flight Manual Supplement.
16
,3:11
The KI 525A Pictorial Navi ation Indicator is the panel display for the KES 55A Compass
System. It combines the functions of the standard directional gyro and the VOW
LOClGlideslope deviation indicator.
.’
.
A
1
-
The KG 102A Directional Gyro provides the gyro-reference for the system. Power may be from either 14 or 28 volts DC. Re- mote mounted.
The KMT 112 Magnetic Slaving
Transmitter senses the direc- tion of the earths magnetic field and continuously trans- mits this information to correct for gyro drift. Remote mounted usually in a wingtip.
T
+ “
I-
353
-
*
The KA 51 B Slaving Control and
Compensator Unit is panel- mounted. It provides selection of “slaved gyro” modes for the system and manual slaving when the system is in “free gyro” mode. The meter indi- cates proper slaving operation.
14 and 28 volt lighting options available.
17
18
With this lower-cost KAP 200 control system option,
King offers you basic Autopilot-only flight capability.
An air driven, panel-mounted KG 258 Vertical
Gyro replaces the V-bar Flight Command Indicator in this system. There are no Flight Director “V-bar” com- puted commands or “Go-Around’’ modes.
A KC 292 Mode Controller replaces the KC 290 used in the KFC 200 System. The KC 292 has a servo trim indicator in place of the KC 290’s Flight Director button.
When there is no mode selected and the abtd- pilot is engaged, the basic Autopilot mode is wings level and pitch attitude hold. All the modes described for the KFC 200, with the exception of GO-AROUND, are included in the KAP 200 system.
Thus, with the exceptions of the Flight Director and GO-AROUND mode, the affordable KING KAP200 system retains the most desirable features of the
KFC 200 system. These include Pictorial Navigation
Indicator, complete mode annunciation and workload reducing operational modes.
KAP 200 System
Panel Checklist:
The KA 285 Mode Annunciator Panel tells the pilot when his selected mode has been re- ceived and accepted by the Autopilot flight computer, and, if an 'armed" mode has been selected, it notifies the pilot when capture has been initiated. Integral marker beacon lights and trim failure warning are also included.
I
HOG
NAV A R M ALT
APPR CPLD GS
AP
"
II
The KC 292 Mode Controller is used to turn on the Autopilot system and to select all operating modes. engages the Autopilot, and five pushbutton switches are used to select the desired modes. A
A solenoid-held switch vertical trim rocker switch, servo trim indicator, and preflight test button are also contained in this unit.
19
INTRODUCTION
THE KFC
TO
200 v-
20
The TSO’d King KFC 200 Flight DirectorlAutopilot is a complete 2-axis (pitch and roll with altitude hold) inte- grated system with professional 3-inch Flight Director displays. An optional 3-axis configuration with yaw damper mode is available for some aircraft at slightly higher cost.
The basic 2-axis system provides all stan&rd operating modes and functions, plus important pilot- oriented features usually found only in larger, more expensive equipment.
The “brain” behind this whole system is the solid-state KC 295 Flight Computer. It provides com- puted pitch and roll commands which are displayed as visual guidance commands on the V-bar of the KI 256
Flight Command Indicator.
Electric trim is also provided, along with an auto- matic autopilot trim system.
The KA 285 Annunciator Panel annunciates all vertical and lateral Flight DirectorlAuto- pilot system modes, including all “armed” modes prior to capture. It tells the pilot when his selected mode has been received and ac- cepted by the system and if an “armed” mode is selected when capture has been initiated It also has integral marker beacon lights and trim failure warning
FD NAV ARM ALT AP
HDG APPR CPLD
6 0
E GA
7
Pitch and roll commands displays constantly slaved gyro magnetic heading information, along with VORILOCI
RNAV course deviation and Glideslope de-
Controller when the optional yaw (rudder) axis is included in the KFC 200 system The yaw axis is wired so that it automatically en- gages when the Autopilot is engaged Dis-
YAW
DAMP
21
KFC 200 Control System Components
VOR/LOC/RNAV Deviation
Middle Marker
I
! - r i
w--
m
KC 295 Flight Computer l?im/Pitch/Roll
-3
Mode Controller
, pressure KS 2701AIKM 2
22
Control
Wheel Steering
Go-Around on Throttle
Roll
ServolMount
KS 2711AIKM 275
I
Trim Interrupt v
KRG 331
Rate Gyro
Mwnt
(this is a Z-axis system)
3rd axis system
KC291
Yaw
Controller
T
KC 296
Yaw v-
Computer
Yaw ServolMount
KS 2711AIKM 275
I b
KFC
200
System Integration
The adjacent system diagram shows the components of the KFC 200 integrated
Flight Control Systemand their relationships.
The system has a number of input- outputs: Sensor o u
’ v ; Com- putation input shown in blue; Display out- puts shown in orange; Aircraft control shown in green. All sensor information
(pitch and roll reference; Heading error or course datum; RNAVNORlLOClGS d e viation and flags; Marker receiver and static pressure (altitude) is fed into the
KC 295 Flight Computer.
The Flight Computer computes roll and pitch steering commands. These two com- mands are routed to the KI 256 Flight Com- mand Indicator, where they are displayed on the V-bar as visual guidance commands.
These steering commands are also fed to the Autopilot computation circuits con- of pitch and roll commands.
Using the same pitch and roll com- mands for Flight Director and Autopilot pro- vides totally consistent Flight Director steering command and Autopilot control.
There is no disagreement in computation.
The Autopilot simply converts the pitch and roll steering commands from the Flight
Computer, displayed on the V-bar in the
FCI, into the required elevator and aileron position commands.
Full integration of Flight Director and
Autopilot allows the pilot to delegate the manual effort of flying the aircraft to the
Autopilot while monitoring its activity with the Flight Director.
Modes of Operation Flight Director System
Headlng (HDG)
,
Director (FD)
7
H d d (ALT)
Vertical Trim
(Pitch Attitude/
Altitude)
-AutOpllOt (AP)
Navigate ( N k
(VORIRNAV)
Flight Director Mode
Attitude Reference
Flight Director (FD)
/
REV LOC (BC)
‘Approach (APPR)
(ILS, VOR or RNAV)
Flight Director Guidance-. and Command to Autopilot
.
Power on and no modes selected. FCI displays aircraft attitude and PNI dis- plays aircraft heading. Command V-bar is biased out of view. Aircraft engine must be running for pressure to be applied to
FCI attitude gyro.
Command V-bar will appear and com- mand wings level and pitch attitude of the aircraft at the time of mode selection.
23
Reverse Localizer
(BC
Select desired heading on PNI, then s e lect HDG mode and the system will command the necessary bank to tum to and maintain the selected heading.
Bank command to capture and track a selected VOR or RNAV course.
Bank and pitch commands to capture and track LOC and Glideslope for pre cision approaches.. to
. bank command capture and track VOR and RNAV
,
..'
Operating the KFC 200 System
There are eleven (11) modes of opera tion that are provided, by the KFC 200 sys- tem to offer the pilot Flight DirectorlAutoprlot commands in response to his selection of desired modes on the Mode Controller.
Most of these modes are activated by pushbutton switches on the Mode Control- ler. These pushbuttons operate with alter- nate action. The first depression of the pushbutton activates a mode; the second depression cancels it, if it has not already been automatically deactivated. Annuncia- tion of the mode selected appears on the annunciator panel.
Any operating mode not compatible with a newly-selected mode will be auto- matically cancelled in favor of the pilot's latest selection. This lets the pilot advance along his flight sequence without the in- convenience of having to manually cancel modes. For example, if in NAV CPLD mode, selection of Heading will automatically cancel NAV.
L? :
The Basic Mode of System Operation
The system will be in the Basic Attitude
Reference or "Gyro" mode with engine run- ning and aircraft "power on," but no modes selected (Annunciator Panel blank). This provides indication of aircraft heading on the Pictorial Navigation Indicator. and roll and pitch attitude on the Flight Command indicator. The FCI Command V-bar is biased out of view.
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Flight Manual Supplement.
25
System Safety is Assured by Integrity Monitors.
The KFC 200 monitors the validity of the system sensors and the Flight Computer to alert the pilot when sensor information is faulty and when the system cannot respond correctly to command signals.
"Invalid" signals provide visual warning by means of the flags and annunciators.
"Invalid" NAV signals are also routed to the
KFC 200 switching logic to "lock out" modes which will not operate reliably.
Most failures in the slaved compass sys- tem would be annunciated by a HDGflag and the system would not allow setection of the
Heading mode.
The illustrations above show the KFC 200
Flight Director cockpit displays with all warn- ing flags in view.
Flight Command Indicator warnings:
Flight Director (FD) Command V-bar will bias out of view whenever the FD mode is not selected, when FD internal power is inade- quate and when gyro excitation information is invalid.
The Pictorial Navigation Indicator warnings: A HDG flag indicates that the com- pass information is not reliable. A NAV flag indicates that a valid NAV Signal is not being received.
When an ILS channel is selected on the
NAV receiver and a valid Glideslope signal is received, the Glideslope pointers will drop into view. Glideslope coupling usually occurs at Outer Marker, when the Glideslope is in- rercepted and APPR CPLD. If. after GS coup ling, the GS pointers disappear, the system will flash the GSAnnunciator and revert from
GS back to Pitch Attitude Hold. tf the GS pointers return into view .the system will revert back to GS couple$*fh-e NAV warning flag indicates an invalid Localizer but has no effect on Glideslope operation.
The Trim warning light in the lower right corner of the Annunciator Panel will light when an Autotrim failure occurs or when the trim breaker is pulled It will also flash at least four times when the TEST switch on the
Mode Controller is depressed.
I
I
26
1
I
Preflight Test Determines, Before Takeoff, that the Svstem
i
Ooeratina Nnrmallv-
I wiin power on, ail circuli DreaKers in, and engine running, allow 3 minutes for the gyros to come up to speed.
Check the slaving switch position on the
KA 51 B Slaving Meter, making sure you are in slaved gyro mode, and compare the com- pass card on the KI 525A with your magnetic compass. (See your KCS 55A Pilot Guide for more detailed information.)
With no modes engaged, depress the
Preflight Test button on the Mode Controller.
All modes will be annunciated on the Annun- ciator Panel, including Marker lights, and the red Autotrim light will flash. At least four flashes are needed to indicate proper Auto- trim monitor operation.
The pilot first engages the Flight Director, either by depressing the FD button or Pitch
Sync (CWS) button. This will synchronize the
Command Bars with the existing aircraft pitch and command wings level. Next, engage the
Autopilot and apply force to the controls to determine if the Autopilot can be over- powered.
NOTE: The Autopilot will not engage when the Flight Director is not operating.
To confirm proper operation of all servos
(except Yaw Damper), synchronize the Flight
Director for wings level. Command nose up with FD Vertical Trim control. After 3 seconds you snouia omerve me eievaior irim wneei turning in the direction commanded.
Re-synchronize the FD for wings level by using the CWS button, then command nose down with FD Vertical Trim control. After 3 seconds you should again observe the elevator trim wheel turning in the direction commanded. Re-sync the FD.
Now set the heading bug under the lub- ber line on your PNI and engage HDG SEL mode. Move the heading bug to the right and to the left and observe if the controls operate as commanded.
Disengage the AP and check aircraft manual pitch trim. Set trim to takeoff posi- tion. This concludes the pkfli$ht test.
IMPORTANT: This Pilot Guide provides a general description of the various opera tional characteristics of the KFC 200 Flight
Control System However, operation of the system should not be attempted without first reviewing your FAA Approved Aircraft Flight
Manual Supplement for complete system familiarization
Pertinent limitations, procedures and warning statements from your aircraft Flight
Manual Supplement are contained in this
Pilot's Guide
27
FO
FLIGHT DIRECTOR Mode (FD) m
The Flight Director mode is activated by depressing the "FD" button on the Mode
Controller
The FCI Command V-bar will appear and provide the pilot with steering com- mands to maintain wings level and the pitch attitude that existed at the time of Flight Di- rector engagement To fly the Command
V-bar, the pilot will bank and pitch the aircraft to put the orange delta wing 'aircraft" into the
V-bar The command is satisfied when the
V-bar aligns symmetrically at the top of the orange delta wing
If pitch attitude is changed, recycling the FD button will synchronize the Com- mand V-bar to the new pitch attitude
If a change only in the commanded pitch attitude is desired, the Control Wheel Steer- ing (CWS) button installed on the pilot's con- trol wheel allows the pilot to synchronize the
Command V-bar (in the FD mode with Au-
I topilot disengaged) without removing his hand from the control wheel
The Flight Director can also be activated by direct selection of any specific mode which will activate the Command V-bar Such selection will illuminate both FD and the ap- propriate annunciator mode
Special note: The FD mode must be acti- vated before the Autopilot can be engaged
The Vertical Trim switch may be used to adjust the selected pitch attitude up or down at 1 degkecond
AUTOPILOT ENGAGEMENT (AP)
'Fi"
ON
U
UP
NAV ARM ALT
HOG APPR C P t D GS
&''
.
GA
The Autopilot is engaged by movin the solenoid-held AP switch on the Mode Eon- troller to the "ON" position
CAUTION Prior to Autopilot engagement, the pilot should make sure the V-bar com- mands are satisfied This wll e Autopilot IS prevent any hanges in the aircraft's flight path
The Autopilot provides two-axis (pitch and roll) stabilization and automatic elevator trim as well as automatic response to all selected Flight Director commands
Installation of optional 3rd axis (rudder command) will damp out yaw oscillations and provide automatic tum coordination
Upon Autopilot disconnect, an Aural
Alerter will sound a Sonalert for 2 to 2Y2 seconds while the AP light on the Annun- ciator Panel flashes
AUTION: Overpowering the Autop pitch axis in flight for periods of
3
seconds or more will result in the autotrim systemoperat- ing in the direction to oppose the pilot and will, therefore, cause an increase in the pitch overpower forces, and if Autopilot is disen-
?aged, will result in a pitch transient control orce. Operation of the Autopilot on the ground may cause the autotrim to run be- cause of backforce generated by elevator downsprings or pilot induced forces.
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Flight Manual Supplement.
Attitude Gyro Operation Note: When shut- ting down the aircraft for short periods of time, make sure the Attitude Gyro has com- pletely spun down before starting opera- tions again. Gyro spin down occurs when the
28
L
-. air supply cut off to the gyro and usually takes about 10 minutes.
During Gyro spin down most gyros have a tendency to "tilt" (precess) to one side. If the air supply is reapplied to the gyro while in this state, unusually slow gyro erection (leveling) will occur. If aircraft operations are initiated before the gyro is fully erected, there is a greater possibility that the gyro may tumble causing loss of primary attitude information from the Attitude Gyro.
HEADING SELECTlPRESELECT
Mode (HDG)
Select a desired heading by positioning the heading "bug" on the PNI. This is done with the HDG knob on the PNI.
Depress the HDG button on the Mode
Controller to activate the HDG mode. 'HDG" will light on the Annunciator Panel and a computed, visually displayed bank com- mand is shown on the FCI. Following this bank command, the aircraft will bank and roll out on the desired preselected heading.
The Command V-bar on the FCI will de- flect in the direction of the shortest turn to satisfy the commanded turn of the pre- selected heading. The aircraft may be man- ually banked to realign the V-bar and satisfy the command or, if the Autopilot is engaged, the aircraft will automatically bank, turn to, rollout and hold the preselected heading. As the aircraft approaches the selected head- ing the V-bar will command a rollout to wtngs level.
With the HDG mode in operat,ion. sub- sequentchanges made in the heading "bug" position on the PNI will immediately cause the V-bar on the FCI to call for a turn to the new heading, unless the HDG button on the
Mode Controller has been depressed again to cancel the HDG mode.
The HDG mode is cancelled when NAV or APPR coupling occurs, or when FD mode button is pushed to "OFF".
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Flight Manual Supplement.
29
30
I
NAVIGATION (NAV ARM and NAV
CPLD) Mode
The NAV mode provides visual ,bank commands on the Flight Command Indicator and deviation guidance on the PNI to inter- cept and track a VOR course or an RNAV course.
Operation of the NAV mode requires the pilot to:
1. Tune to the frequency of the selected
VOR (or VORTAC) station. For RNAV oper- ation, set in waypoint distance and bearing from the VORTAC station.
2. Set the PNI course pointer on the de- sired course.
3. of intercept by setting heading "bu and activate "HDG" mode.
4. Depress t f e NAV button on the Mode
Controller.
When the "NAV" button on the Mode
Controller is depressed, "NAVIARM" will be lighted on the Annunciator Panel and the automatic capture circuit is armed. Heading select, if operatng, is retained until capture occurs.
The VOR or RNAV "course-capture" point is variable to prevent overshoot and depends on angle of intercept and the rate the course deviation is changing. Upon cap- ture, a bank command will be displayed on the FCI; the HDG, if on,
'NAVICPLD" will be lighted on the Annun- ciator Panel.
The pilot can manually bank the aircraft to satisfy the command display which will call for a rollout to wings level when on course centerline to track the course. Crosswind compensation is provided in the "track" state.
If the NAV mode is selected with the air- craft level within 24"of bankand within three dots of course deviation, NAVIARM will be bypassed and NAVICPLD will engage di- rectl
\
the Autopilot is engaged, the aircraft will bank to satisfy the command display and rollout on course automatically.
Upon station (or waypoint) passage, an outbound course other than the inbound re- ciprocal can be selected by resetting the
NAV course arrow on the PNI. This will cause an immediate V-bar deflection on the FCI di- recting a turn to the new & m e .
The NAV mode is cancelled by depres- sing the NAV button, or selecting HDG (when in NAV coupled) or APPR modes, or pushing
FD to "OFF". Goin back to HDG while adjust- ing OBS is desiratle.
NOTE: Operation of the Marker Test function of the marker beacon receiver after AP-
PROACH CPLD will reduce the Flight Control system gains. If this should occur, the AP-
PROACH mode should be recycled.
APPROACH (APPRIARM and
APPRICPLD, GSICPLD) Mode r m
NAV ARM AL A P -
MOO A P h CPLO
~
GS CA The APPR mode provides visual roll and pitch commands on the FCI V-bar to capture and track precision ILS (LOC and Glide- slope) beams, or non-precision VOR or
RNAV radials. Lateral and vertical deviation can be monitored on the PNI.
Operation of the APPR mode requires the pilot to:
1. Set the NAV receiver frequency.
2. Set the PNI course pointer to the in- bound rmway heading or the front course in case of ILS precision ap- proach. Do this even on back course approach.
3.
!,he desired intercept angle and activate
HDG” mode.
4. Depress the ”APPR“ button on the mode controller.
The automatic APPR capture function will be immediately armed. “APPRIARM” will be lighted on the Mode Annunciator Panel.
In APPRIARM mode, prior to capture,
HDG is retained to allow the pilot to adjust heading to Approach Control vectoring in- structions.
The LOC beam or VORIRNAV “capture“ point will vary, depending on angle of inter- cept and rate of change of deviation indica- tion. Upon capture, a bank command will be introduced on the FCI, the existing headina mode will be cancelled and ’APPRICPLD will be lighted on the Annunciator Panel.
The pilot may manually bank the aircraft to satisfy the command display, which will command a rollout to wings level when the aircraft is on course. Automatic crosswind compensation will provide precise tracking.
VORILOC deviation is shown on the PNI, and actual crab angle will be shown by offset of the course arrow from the lubber line.
Throughout APPR,mode operation LOC and Glideslope deviation or VORIRNAV de- viation are displayed on the PNI.
If the Autopilot is engaged during opera- tion in the APPR mode, automatic steering response will follow the command display on the FCI.
The Glideslope mode is armed for au- tomatic capture if LOC front course capture has occurred. Automatic Glideslope capture occurs as the aircraft approaches the glide path from above or below.
Upon interception of the Glideslope, capture occurs and “ G S is lighted on the
Annunciator Panel. A smooth capture pitch command is displayed by the Command
V-bar. The pilot (or Autopilot) controls the air- craft to satisfy the Command V-bar. Slewin
ALT at time of GS centering will inhibit G8 capture.
Upon GS capture, the ALT HOLD mode
(if active) is cancelled. However, ALT HOLD may be manually reselected to maintain alti- tude upon reaching MDA if visual contact is not established.
During VOR or RNAV approches, Glide- slope capture will not occur because the NAV receiver is channeled to a VOR station, not an ILS, and this locks out the Glideslope function.
APPRlCPLD mode is cancelled by selec- tion of HDG, NAV. or Go-Around modes. or pushing FD or APPR to “OFF.”
. .
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your
Flight Manual Supplement.
31
32 t r
\PPA CPLO t
1
BACK COURSE (BC) Mode
Whenever a LOC or ILS frequency is selected, the BC
mode
may be activated by
I depressing the BC button on the Mode Con- troller, after selecting APPR. When in BC mode and Localizer capture occurs, the system will turn and track outbound on the front course or inbound on the back course.
“BC” is lighted on the Annunciator Panel.
Operation on BC is identical to front course operation, except that automatic
1 bound Localizer course
GO-AROUND Mode was out” by the if the front in- set on on PNI the PNI.
The Go-Around mode is primarily de- signed to assist the pilot in establishing the proper pitch attitude under missed-approach conditions. The Go-Around switch is located on the throttle lever for pilot convenience when applying climb-out power.
Depression of the GoAround switch dur- ing an approach cancels the existing Night
Director modes and engages the &-Around
(G4)
Autopilot, if it is engaged*. A wings-level and pitch-up command is displayed by the FCI and
“GA” is liihted on the Annunciator Panel. The magnitude of the pitch-up command model. is set to match Flight Manual criteria for each aircraft
Go-Around may be cancelled by use of
Vertical Trim, Altitude Hold mode, Control
Wheel Steering mode or by turning off the
Flight Director.
‘Some airplanes are certified with the
Autopilot remaining engaged when GA is selected.
OPTIONAL ALTITUDE SELECT
(ALT ARM) Mode
This mode allows the pilot to select an altitude and, upon approaching that selected altitude, obtain an automatic visual pitch com- mand on the FCI to capture and hold the pre- selected altitude. To operate in this mode the pilot must:
1. Set the desired altitudewinf; the “selected altitude” window of the KAS 297 Altitude
Selector.
2. Establish a climb or descent as appro- oriate.
3. Depress the ARM button on the Altitude
Selector. This may be done at any time dur- ing the climb or descent before the selected altitude has been attained. “ARM” will light on the Altitude Selector.
4. The Altitude “ALERT“ annunciator in the
KAS 297 will illuminate 1,OOO ft. prior to reaching selected altitude and will cancel at 300 ft. prior. An aural tone will sound upon reaching altitude.
d
As the aircraft approaches the select& altitude, an “adaptive” pitch rate command will automatically guide the pilot through it at a low rate. As the aircraft reaches the selected altitude, ALT HOLD will automatically engage,
“ALT
” will light on the Annunciator Panel and
“ARM” will disappear on the KAS 297. The command bars on the FCI will call for level flight at the selected altitude. If autopilot is engaged, the system will perform the required maneuvers.
ALT ARM is disengaged by depressing the ALT ARM button, by engaging ALT HOLD, by GS capture, or selecting FLT DIR to OFF.
ALTITUDE HOLD (ALT HOLD) Mode
This mode will cause a computed visual pitch command on the FCI command bars to hold the aircraft at the pressure altitude ex- isting at the time it was activated.
The mode is activated either automa- tically by the ALT ARM function, or manually by depressing the ALT button
Controller. on
The Vertical Trim switch may the Mode
If the autopilot is engaged, it will auto- matically hold the aircraft at that altitude. be used to adjust the selected altitude up or down at a constant rate of 600 fpm without disengaging the mode.This enables the pilot to conveniently adjust the aircraft altitude to match resetting of the altimeter, or to make short descent segments during a nonprecision approach.
The ALT HOLD mode is cancelled by automatic GlidesloDe caDture or selection of
ALT ARM, or GO-AROUND modes, or selec- tion of FLT DIR to OFF.
MANUAL ELECTRIC TRIM
FO t t
I m ru
ALT P
Manual Electric Trim switch on the yoke automatically disengages the AP (roll and pitch, but not yaw) in all installations, but will not affect the FD.
Use of the AP DlSClTRlM INTERRUPT switch on the control wheel will disengage the AP, Yaw Damper and, in some installa- tions, the Flight Director.
It is important that you consult the
Flight Manual Supplement for your par- ticular aircraft for detailed instructions. d
CONTROL WHEEL STEERING
(CWS) Mode
When the Autopilot is engaged, Control
Wheel Steering provides the pilot with the capability for natural and convenient manual maneuvering of the aircraft without the need to disengage and reengage the Autopilot, or reselect any modes of operation.
The CWS mode is engaged by contin- uous pressure on the CWS button, normally located on the Ihft-hand horn of the control wheel. Operation of the CWS button causes immediate release of Autopilot servos and allows the pilot to assume manual control, while Autopilot control funsio6s and Pitch
Command and Altitude Hold modes are syn- chronized so that, upon release of the CWS mode button, the Autopilot will smoothly reassume control of the aircraft to the original lateral command and existing ver- tical command.
Since all engaged modes remain coupled
(in synchronization) during operation of the
CWS mode, their annunciator lights will con- tinue to show on the Annunciator Panel. The
CWS mode is not separately annunciated.
NOTE: For system limitations refer to your Flight Manual Supplement.
33
F===++
11111111111111
+.
1. TheFD has beenengage the GO-AROUND mode, activated by de- pressing the GO-AROUND button located on the throttle "GO-AROUND'' is lighted on the annunciator panel Wings are com- manded level and the nose up to the GO-
AROUND angle Takeoff is on runway 35 as shown on the PNI
34
..'
. . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
. .
. ' .
.
.
.
.
.
' .
,
.
. '
' . .
.
.
.
.
ground and
.
I
' _
'.'.. climbing.
The heading "bug" on the PNI is turned to a desired heading and HDG mode has been pushed on.
The Flight Director has responded with the Command Wbar calling for a left turn to the 270" heading and takeoff pitch attitude.
The aircraft has not yet responded to the heading command but will as soon as the
Autopilot is engaged.
3. With the Autopilot engaged, the aircraft is responding to the FCI commands with a left bank. Takeoff climb attitude continues. (Desir- ed altitude may now be selected and armed on the optional KAS 297 altitude selector.
Altitude alerting will be provided as you ap- proach your selected altitude.)
4. Desired altitude has been reached, ALT
HOLD mode has been engaged and the air- craft has returned to level flight. The 270" heading has been acquired.
35
1. In HDG SEL and ALT Hold mode on a LOC channel, the aircraft is heading 270" toward the Localizer. The front inbound localizer course of 58" is selected. APPR mode and
"BC" have been selected. The back course
(BC) mode is selected to go outbound on the front course. The capture point IS now being computed, based on closure rate.
2. When the computed capture point is reached the APPR CPLD mode is auto- matically activated and a left turn outbound on the localizer is commanded by the FCI, and is satisfied by the Autopilot.
Note that the left-right deviations of the bar give "fly-to" indications just as on the front course inbound.
36
3. During the procedure turn outbound the deviation bar shows pictorially that the aircraft is flying away from the Localizer centerline at a 45" angle on a selected heading of 283"
4. Now you have reset the heading select bug to 103" and made a 180" turn to this heading.
This 103" heading will intercept the front course. You must now reselect Approach mode by depressing the APPR button on the
Mode Controller. The PNI clearly pictures the course you are to intercept and the angle of interception. APPR ARM mode has been selected so that automatic capture of the Lo- calizer will occur.
37
I
1. Continuing the maneuver on preceding page, APPR coupling occurs and the Glide- slope mode is automatically armed. The
Command V-bar will command a turn to the
LOC course and the PNI shows your position in relation to the LOC course.
2. The Autopilot (or pilot) is following the
Command V-bar on the FCI which command the necessary heading to maintain on center- line of the Localizer. At the Outer Marker the
Glideslope pointers are approximately at midpoint. Altitude Hold is automatically disengaged and Glideslope capture occurs when the airplance passes thru beam center. The V-bar will command a descent on the Glideslope and on Localizer.
38
3. At the Middle Marker a missed approach is executed by pressing the &-Around button on the throttle as you increase power. This disengages the Autopilot and the FCI com- mands the correct nose-up attitude and wings level. At the discretion of the pilot, the
Autopilot may be reengaged to complete the missed approach. (Some airplanes are cer- tified with autopilot remaining engaged when
GA selected.)
4. The heading "bug" has been previously set to the missed approach heading, 900
Activating the HDG mode will cause the
Command V-bar in the FCI to command a turn to that heading. Pitch-up attitude may be adjusted from the Go-Around angle by using CWS or the Vertical Trim control on the Autopilot controller, either of which terminates "GA" mode.
39
c
HDG mode
on
a in
capture rate ismbeing
cwryxct
on
closure
rate. The airplane must be
headed
t m r d the selected
NAVlCPLD to occur. mum
In order for
b
mode Is automaticall engaged, cancelling the NAVlARM and mand V-bar
will
HbG
modes.
call for a right being satisfled by the AutopHot.
NAVlCPtD
The
bank
Corn- which is
I
4.The aircraft has completed its tum
to
the 112"course. Abvind correction produces an aircraft heading of 1059 displaying a
7' "crab angle to maintain the lt2'course.
4'
1. Disengage APlYAW Damp a) Simultaneously regain control of aircraft and hold down Autopilot Disconnect/
Trim Interrupt button. b) Pull AIP circuit breaker. c) Release AIP DisconnectITrim
Interrupt button
2. The following
conditions
will cause AP to automatically disengage: a) External power failure. b Actuatin manual electric trim. c] Internal Flight Control System failure. d) With KCS 55A system a valid, (displaying loss
HDG of compass flag) disen- gages the AP and FD when a mode using Heading information is en aged.
With compass flag present, only
PD
vertical modes can be selected.
4. Engine Failure in Multi-engine Aircraft
(COU pled) a) Simultaneously control aircraft and hold down Autopilot DisconnectITrim Inter- rupt button. b) Release button. c) Follow basic Airplane Flight Manual single engine procedures. d) Airplane rudder and aileron axes should be manually trimmed prior to engaging autopilot for single engine operations.
"CAUTION: Exact Emar dues vary instructions
trorn
it%$ b m u s e of differences in electrical systems, instrument arrangements and flight Characteristics. Consult the FHght Manual Supplement for your particular aircraft for detailed on a i r c r a F 2 emergency procedures. r# can be disen- by: Press AP DlSClTRlM INTER- switch and hold down until recovery can be made. Then turn off AVIONICS
MASTER switch and manually retrim the airplane using the manual trim control wheel. After the airplane is trimmed out, pull the (PITCH TRIM) breaker and turn the
AVIONICS MASTER switch back on.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. . .
.
.
.A,;
.
.
42
System Weight and Power Requirements
KFC 200
KS 270 Pitch Servo wlKM 275
MountlCapstan
KS 271 Aileron Servo wlKM 275
MountlCapstan
KA 285 Mode Annunciator
KC 290 Mode Controller
KS 272 Trim Servo wlKM
MountlCapstan
TOTAL FOR 2-AXIS SYSTEM
28 3 Ibs. (12.9 kg) 14Vl15.5 AMP
28V19 5 AMP
Additional Components for 3-axis system:
KS 271 Rudder Servo wlKM 275
MountlCapstan
KC 291 Yaw Controller
KC 296 Yaw Computer
KRG 331 Yaw Rate Sensor
TOTAL FOR 3-AXIS SYSTEM
32 8 Ibs. (15.0 kg) 14Vl18.1 AMP
28Vl11.5AMP
KAP 200 Autopilot System
Com nents for 2-axis system.
K G 5 5 A Silver Crown ComDass System
KG 258 Gyro, panel-mounted
KC 295 Flight Computer with Adapter
Card
KS 270 Pitch Servo wlKM 275
MountlCapstan
KS 271 Aileron Servo wlKM 275
MountlCapstan
KA 285 Mode Annunciator
KC 292 Mode Controller
KS 272 Trim Servo wlKM 276
MountlCapstan
TOTAL FOR 2-AXIS SYSTEM
28.1 Ibs. (12.9 kg) 14Vl14.7 AMP
28Vl8.7 AMP
Additional Components for 3-axis system:
KS 271 Rudder Servo w1KM 275
MountlCapstan
KC 296 Yaw Computer
KRG 331 Yaw Rate Sensor
TOTAL FOR 3-AXIS SYSTEM
32.6 Ibs. (1 4.9
28V111.5 AMP kg)
The third axis may be installed with or without the KC 291 Yaw Mode Controller.
King Warranty Service
Warranty service for your King KAPlKFC 200 Flight Control System is available at hundreds of King Authorized Sales and Service Centers throughout the world. These Authorized Service Centers are carefully selected for their technical competence and total support capabilities.
Each is equipped with all the required test facilities and training to pro- fessionally check and maintain your King avionics system. And they’re backed by a full staff of King field engineers and product specialists, on- call to handle any service question that might arise.
Only these qualified King Sales and Service Centers are authorized to perform a warranted installation of your King system. service under the King Warranty.
. .or to provide
Upon completion of your aircraft’s flight control installation, you will be provided with a plastic warranty card which lists the model, serial number and warranty expiration date for each unit of King equipment installed.
This King warranty card system is honored by King Service
Centers throughout the world as unquestioned proof of your warranty authorization. Keep your King Warranty Card in your airplane at all times to verify your warranty status at any King Service Center. It’s your key to outstanding warranty service protection.
5184 006-8262-00 20K
Advertisement
