Snorkel AB46JE Operator's Manual

PDF

Document

Part Number 0260072

July 2008

Operator’s

Manual

The aerial platform is not electrically insulated. Death or serious injury will result from contact with, or inadequate clearance from, an energized conductor.

Do not go closer than the minimum safe approach distance as defined by the Minimum Safe

Approach Distance section in Chapter 3–Safety.

Regard all conductors as energized.

Allow for electrical wire sag and aerial platform sway.

If the platform, booms, or any part of the aerial platform contacts a high-voltage electrical conductor, the entire machine can become electrically charged.

If that happens, remain on the machine and do not contact any other structure or object. This includes the ground, adjacent buildings, poles, and any other objects that are not part of the aerial platform.

Such contact could make your body a conductor to the other object, creating an electrical shock hazard resulting in death or serious injury.

If an aerial platform is in contact with an energized conductor the platform operator must warn ground personnel in the vicinity to stay away. Their bodies can conduct electricity creating an electrical shock hazard resulting in death or serious injury.

Do not approach or leave the aerial platform until the electricity has been turned off.

Do not attempt to operate the lower controls when the platform, booms, or any part of the aerial platform is in contact with a high-voltage electrical conductor or if there is an immediate danger of such contact.

Personnel on or near an aerial platform must be continuously aware of electrical hazards, recognizing that death or serious injury can result from contact with an energized conductor.

California

Proposition 65 Warning

Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead components, chemicals known to the

State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.

Table of Contents

Electrical Danger ............................ Inside Front Cover

California Proposition 65 ................ Inside Front Cover

Chapter 1 – Introduction

Aerial Platform Features .............................................1

Options .......................................................................1

Operator’s Manual ......................................................1

Safety Alerts ...............................................................1

Operation ....................................................................1

Maintenance ...............................................................2

Manual of Responsibilities ..........................................2

Additional Information .................................................2

Chapter 2 – Specifi cations

Component Identi fi cation ............................................3

Working Envelope .....................................................4

General Speci fi cations................................................5

Chapter 3 – Safety

Electrocution Hazards ................................................7

Minimum Safe Approach Distance .............................7

Prestart Inspection......................................................8

Work Place Inspection and Practices .........................8

Operation ....................................................................8

Tip-Over and Falling Hazards .....................................9

Electrical System ........................................................9

Hydraulic System........................................................9

Placards and Decals.................................................10

Chapter 4 – Safety Devices

Emergency Stop Controls......................................... 11

Emergency Power System ....................................... 11

Ground Operation Switch ......................................... 11

Platform Foot Switch ................................................ 11

Guardrails .................................................................12

Lanyard Anchors.......................................................12

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter ................................12

Tilt Alarm ...................................................................12

Horn ..........................................................................12

All Motion Alarm........................................................13

Flashing Light ...........................................................13

Chapter 5 – Gauges and Displays

Hour Meter................................................................15

Drive Fault Light .......................................................15

Battery Condition Indicator .......................................15

Battery Charge Indicator...........................................15

Hydraulic Fluid Filter Gauge .....................................15

Hydraulic Fluid Level Sight Gauge ...........................16

Chapter 6 – Batteries

General Maintenance ...............................................17

Charging ...................................................................17

Chapter 7 – Controls

Battery Disconnect Switch ........................................19

Lower Controls .........................................................19

Start Switch ...........................................................19

Emergency Stop Button ........................................19

Controls Selector Switch .......................................19

Ground Operation Switch ......................................19

Rotation Switch .....................................................19

Riser Switch ..........................................................20

Boom Elevation Switch .........................................20

Boom Extension Switch ........................................20

Jib Articulation Switch ...........................................20

Platform Level Switch ............................................20

Platform Rotation Switch .......................................20

Emergency Power Switch .....................................20

Circuit Breaker Reset Buttons ..................................21

Upper Controls .........................................................21

Emergency Stop Button ........................................21

Drive Joystick ........................................................21

Steer Switch ..........................................................22

Drive Range Switch ...............................................22

Boom Speed Knob ................................................22

Rotation Switch .....................................................22

Riser Switch ..........................................................22

Boom Elevation Switch .........................................22

Boom Extension Switch ........................................23

Jib Articulation Switch ...........................................23

Platform Level Switch ............................................23

Platform Rotation Switch .......................................23

Emergency Power Switch .....................................23

Horn Switch ...........................................................23

Platform Foot Switch .............................................23

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Operator’s Manual Holder ........................................25

Electrical System ......................................................25

Battery Fluid Level ................................................25

Battery Terminals ...................................................26

Battery Charger .....................................................26

Battery Condition Indicator ....................................26

Cables and Wiring Harness ......................................26

Hydraulic System......................................................27

Fluid Level .............................................................27

Fluid Filter .............................................................27

Hoses, Tubes, and Fittings ....................................27

Tires and Wheels ......................................................27

Lower Control Station ...............................................28

Operating Controls ................................................28

Emergency Stop ....................................................28

Emergency Power .................................................28

Level Sensor.............................................................29

Flashing Light ...........................................................29

AB46JE – 0260072

Table of Contents

Structures .................................................................29

Weldments ............................................................29

Boom Slide Pads ...................................................29

Fasteners ..............................................................30

Upper Control Station ...............................................30

Guardrail System ..................................................30

Lanyard Anchors ...................................................30

Operating Controls ................................................30

Emergency Stop ....................................................31

Emergency Power .................................................31

Horn Switch ...........................................................31

Electrical Power Outlet ..........................................31

All Motion Alarm........................................................32

Placards and Decals.................................................32

Prestart Inspection Checklist ....................................37

Chapter 9 – Operation

Cold Weather Start-Up .............................................39

Manually Warming the Hydraulic System ..............39

Preparing for Operation ............................................39

Lower Controls .........................................................39

Upper Controls .........................................................40

Boom Operation ....................................................40

Driving and Steering ..............................................41

Drive Speeds .........................................................41

All Motion Alarm........................................................42

Gradeability ..............................................................42

Theoretical Gradeability ........................................42

Actual Gradeability ................................................42

Percent vs. Degree of Slope .................................42

Driving on a Slope .................................................42

Calculating Percent Grade ....................................42

Machine Gradeability ............................................44

Electrical Power Outlet .............................................44

Air Line .....................................................................44

Chapter 10 – Stowing and Transporting

Stowing .....................................................................45

Transporting .............................................................45

Driving ...................................................................45

Winching ...............................................................46

Hoisting .................................................................46

Securing for Transport ...........................................47

Chapter 11 – Emergency Operation

Emergency Power System .......................................49

Lower Controls ......................................................49

Upper Controls ......................................................49

Chapter 12 – Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Chart ..............................................51

Appendix A – Glossary

Limited Warranty

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 1 – Introduction

Aerial Platform Features

The aerial platform is a boom-supported elevating work platform used to raise personnel, their tools, and material to the workstation. The aerial platform has been designed for use on hard surface floors such as concrete. The booms are raised and lowered with hydraulic cylinders.

Electric motors on the drive wheels provide power to move the aerial platform.

•

The standard machine includes the following features:

Proportional drive control

Hour meter

Tie-down/lifting lugs

AC 110V electrical outlet with GFCI at platform

5 degree tilt alarm

Two wheel drive

Hydraulic oil level gauge

360 degree non-continuous turntable rotation

Zero tail swing

6 foot steel 500 lb capacity platform with three gravity gates: one on each side and one rear

Battery condition indicator

40 amp battery charger with charge indicator

Horn

Non-marking foam fi lled tires

Five year limited warranty

The aerial platform has been manufactured, when applicable, to conform to all applicable requirements of the following organizations:

•

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA)

American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

Options

The following options may be provided on the machine:

•

• Airline to platform

Flashing light

Motion alarm

Australian Standards (AS) certi fi cation

Canadian Standards Association (CSA) certi fi cation

Operator’s Manual

This manual provides information for safe and proper operation of the aerial platform. Some information in this manual refers to options that may or may not be on your machine. Read and understand the information in this

Operator’s Manual before operating the aerial platform on the job.

Additional copies of this manual may be ordered from

Snorkel. Supply the model and manual part number from the front cover to assure that the correct manual will be supplied.

All information in this manual is based on the latest product information at the time of publication. Snorkel reserves the right to make product changes at any time without obligation.

Safety Alerts

A safety alert symbol is used throughout this manual to indicate danger, warning, and caution instructions. Follow these instructions to reduce the likelihood of personal injury and property damage. The terms danger, warning, and caution indicate varying degrees of personal injury or property damage that can result if the instruction is not followed.

Danger

Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

This signal word is to be used in the most extreme situations.

Warning

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

Caution

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. It may also be used to alert against unsafe practices.

Notes

Notes are used to provide special information or helpful hints to assist in aerial platform operation, but do not indicate a hazardous situation.

Operation

The aerial platform has built-in safety features and has been factory tested for compliance with Snorkel specifications and industry standards. However, any personnel lifting aerial platform can be potentially dangerous in the hands of untrained or careless operators.

Warning

The potential for an accident increases when the aerial platform is operated by personnel who are not trained and authorized. Death or serious injury could result from such accidents. Read and understand the information in this manual and on the placards and decals on the machine before operating the aerial platform on the job.

Training is essential and must be performed by a qualified person.

• Become pro fi cient in knowledge and actual operation before using the aerial platform on the job.

AB46JE – 0260072 1

Chapter 1 – Introduction

• The operator must be trained and authorized to perform any functions of the aerial platform.

• Operation of the aerial platform must be within the scope of the machine speci fi cations.

The operator bears ultimate responsibility for following all manufacturer’s instructions and warnings, regulations and safety rules of their employer and/or any state or federal law.

Maintenance

Every person who maintains, inspects, tests, or repairs the aerial platform must be qualified to do so. Following the daily prestart inspection in this Operator’s Manual will help keep the aerial platform in optimum working condition. Other maintenance functions must be performed by maintenance personnel who are qualified to work on the aerial platform.

Caution

Welding current can be very intense. Damage to electronic components may result. Connect the ground clamp as close as possible to the area being welded.

Disconnect battery cables and any microprocessors and engine control modules before welding on the machine.

If it becomes necessary to weld aerial platform components as a method of repair, take all precautions to prevent damage to electronic circuitry and devices on the machine. This includes, but may not be limited to, disconnecting battery cables and electronic devices.

Do not modify this aerial platform without prior written consent of the Snorkel Engineering Department. Modification may void the warranty, adversely affect stability, or affect the operational characteristics of the aerial platform.

Manual of Responsibilities

All owners and users of the aerial platform must read, understand, and comply with all applicable regulations.

Ultimate compliance to OSHA regulations is the responsibility of the user and their employer.

ANSI publications clearly identify the responsibilities of all personnel who may be involved with the aerial platform.

A reprint of the “ Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,

Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors and Lessees of

ANSI/SIA A92.5-2006 Boom-Supported Elevating Work

Platforms” is available from Snorkel dealers or from the factory upon request.

Copies are also available from:

Scaffold Industry Association, Inc.

P. O. Box 20574

Phoenix, AZ 85036-0574 USA

Additional Information

For additional information contact your local dealer or

Snorkel at:

Snorkel International

P.O. Box 1160

St. Joseph, MO 64502-1160 USA

1-800-255-0317

http://www.snorkelusa.com

2 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 2 – Specifi cations

Component Identifi cation

Upper Controls

Power to Platform

Outlet

Platform

Tie-Down Lugs

Riser

Drive Control Compartment

Hydraulic Pump • Drive Motors

Battery Charger • Level Sensor

Hydraulic

Reservoir

Hydraulic Fluid Filter

Front Axle

Rear

Chassis

Battery Tray

(Both Sides)

Front

Tie-Down/Lifting Lugs

Right Side

AB46JE – 0260072

Main Boom

Riser

Boom

Tip Boom

Jib

Lanyard

Anchors

Operator’s

Manual Lower

Controls

Front

Platform

Foot Switch

Power to Platform Inlet

Battery Disconnect

Switch

Battery

Charger Plug

Rear

Left Side

Tie-Down/Lifting

Lugs

Chapter 2 – Specifi cations

Working Envelope

(6.1)

(4.6)

(3.0)

(9.1)

(7.6)

(1.5)

(16.7)

(15.2)

(13.7)

(12.2)

(10.7)

(1.5)

(3.0)

(4.6)

(6.1)

(7.6)

(9.1)

Feet

(Meters)

4 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 2 – Specifi cations

General Specifi cations

Aerial Platform

Working height

Maximum platform height

Up and over height

Maximum horizontal reach

Main boom

Articulation

Extension

Jib

Articulation

Extension

Tail swing

Turntable rotation

Turning radius

Inside

Outside

′

″

(15.9 m)

(14.1 m)

″ (7.6 m)

(7.47 m)

0° to +72°

80 ″ (2 m)

-70° to +70°

5 ′ (1.5 m)

360° non-continuous

Ground clearance

Maximum wheel load

Maximum ground pressure

Weight, EVW

Approximate

24 ″ (0.6 m)

9 ′ 10 ″ (3 m)

Wheelbase 73 ″ (1.8 m)

6 ″ (15.2 cm)

7,150 lbs (3,243 kg)

151 psi (10.6 kg/cm 2 )

14,300 lbs (6486 kg)

Width 5 ′ 9 ″ (1.7 m)

Stowed length

Stowed height

′

″

(5.6 m)

(2.1 m)

Platform

Dimensions 39 ″ x 72 ″ (99 cm x 178 cm)

Toeboard height

Rated work load

Rotation

Maximum number of occupants

6 ″ (15.2 cm)

500 lb (227 kg)

80° CW to 80° CCW

2 people

Function Speed

Turntable rotation

Riser

Down

Main boom

Down

Extend

Retract

Platform rotation

Jib

65 to 85 seconds

25 to 30 seconds

15 to 20 seconds

25 to 30 seconds

18 to 23 seconds

12 to 16 seconds

26 to 30 seconds

16 to 20 seconds

Down

Drive

High, booms stowed

20 to 25 seconds

30 to 35 seconds

3.2 mph ( 5.1 km/h)

Low, booms raised/extended 0.8 mph (1.3 km/h)

Drive System

Standard

Gradeability – theoretical

Two wheel drive

30%

Tires

17.5

Electrical System

Voltage 48

Source

Fluid recommended

Eight - 6 V 360 amp batteries distilled water amp

Hydraulic System

Maximum pressure

Reservoir capacity

System capacity

Maximum operating temperature

Hydraulic fluid recommended

2,800 psi (19,305 kPa)

5 US gal (18.9 l)

9 US gal (34 l)

200°F (93°C)

Above 10°F (-12°C) Mobil DTE-13M (ISO VG32)

Below 10°F (-12°C) Mobil DTE-11M (ISO VG15)

Ambient Air Temperature Operating Range

Fahrenheit

Celsius

0°F to 110°F

-18°C to 43°C

Maximum Wind Speed

Gust or steady 28 mph (45 km/h)

AB46JE – 0260072 5

Chapter 2 – Specifi cations

6 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 3 – Safety

Knowledge of the information in this manual, and proper training, provide a basis for safely operating the aerial platform. Know the location of all controls and how they operate to act quickly and responsibly in an emergency.

Safety devices reduce the likelihood of an accident.

• Never disable, modify, or ignore any safety device.

• Safety alerts in this manual indicate situations where accidents may occur.

If any malfunction, hazard or potentially unsafe condition relating to capacity, intended use, or safe operation is suspected, stop aerial platform operation and seek assistance.

The operator bears ultimate responsibility for following all manufacturer’s instructions and warnings, regulations and safety rules of their employer and/or any state or federal law.

Electrocution Hazards

The aerial platform is made of metal components and is not insulated. Regard all conductors as energized. Do not operate outside during a thunderstorm.

Minimum Safe Approach Distance

Minimum safe approach distances to energized power lines and their associated parts must be observed while operating the aerial platform.

Danger

The aerial platform is not electrically insulated. Death or serious injury will result from contact with, or inadequate clearance from, an energized conductor.

Do not go closer than the minimum safe approach distance as defined by ANSI.

ANSI publications define minimum distances that must be observed when working near bus bars and energized power lines. Table 1 and Figure 3 are reprinted courtesy of Scaffold Industry Association, ANSI/SIA A92.5.

Voltage Range

(Phase to Phase)

0 to 300V

Over 300V to 50kV

Over 50kV to 200kV

Over 200kV to 350kV

Over 350kV to 500kV

Over 500kV to 750kV

Over 750kV to 1000kV

Minimum Safe Approach Distance

Feet Meters

Avoid Contact

3.05

4.60

6.10

7.62

10.67

13.72

Table 1 – Minimum Safe Approach Distance

AB46JE – 0260072

Figure 3 – Minimum Safe Approach Distance

Chapter 3 – Safety

Prestart Inspection

Perform a prestart inspection before each shift as described in Chapter 8. Do not use the aerial platform on the job unless you are trained and authorized to do so.

Work Place Inspection and Practices

Do not use the aerial platform as a ground connection when welding.

• The welding ground clamp must be attached to the same structure that is being welded.

• Electrical current fl ow can be very intense, causing serious internal damage to some components.

Inspect the area before and during aerial platform use.

The following are some potential hazards that may be in the work place:

•

• Debris

Slopes

Drop-offs or holes

Bumps and fl oor obstructions

Overhead obstructions

Unauthorized persons

High voltage conductors

Wind and weather conditions

Inadequate surface and support to withstand load forces applied by the aerial platform in all operating con fi gurations

Before using the aerial platform in any hazardous (classified) location, make certain it is approved and of the type required by ANSI/NFPA 505 for use in that particular location.

Know and understand the job site traffic-flow patterns and obey the flagmen, road signs, and signals.

While operating the aerial platform, a good safety practice is to have qualified personnel in the immediate work area to:

•

• Help in case of an emergency

Operate emergency controls as required

Watch for loss of control by platform operator

Warn the operator of any obstructions or hazards that may not be obvious to them

Watch for soft terrain, sloping surfaces, drop-offs, etc. where stability could be jeopardized

Watch for bystanders and never allow anyone to be under, or to reach through the booms while operating the aerial platform

Danger

Pinch points may exist between moving components.

Death or serious injury will result from becoming trapped between components, buildings, structures, or other obstacles. Make sure there is sufficient clearance around the machine before moving the chassis, booms, or platform. Allow sufficient room and time to stop movement to avoid contact with structures or other hazards.

Always look in the direction of movement.

• Drive with care and at speeds compatible with the work place conditions.

• Use caution when driving over rough ground, on slopes, and when turning.

• Do not engage in any form of horseplay or permit riders any place other than in the platform.

Secure all accessories, containers, tools, and other materials in the platform to prevent them from accidentally falling or being kicked off the platform. Remove all objects that do not belong in or on the aerial platform.

Never steady the platform by positioning it against another platform.

Warning

The potential for an accident increases when operating an aerial platform that is damaged or malfunctioning. Death or serious injury could result from such accidents. Do not operate the aerial platform if it is damaged or malfunctioning.

Do not operate the aerial platform if it is damaged or not functioning properly. Qualified maintenance personnel must correct the problem before putting the aerial platform back into service.

Operation

Use three points of support when entering or exiting the platform. For example, use two hands and one foot when climbing into the platform.

Never cover the platform floor grating or otherwise obstruct your view below. Make sure the area below the platform is free of personnel before lowering.

Keep both feet positioned firmly on the platform floor.

• Operate the controls slowly and deliberately to avoid jerky and erratic operation.

• Always stop the controls in neutral before going in the opposite direction.

Do not dismount while the aerial platform is in motion or jump off the platform.

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 3 – Safety

Properly stow the aerial platform and secure it against unauthorized operation at the end of each work day, before transporting, or if it is left unattended.

Tip-Over and Falling Hazards

Operate the aerial platform only on a firm, flat, level surface capable of withstanding all load forces imposed by the aerial platform in all operating conditions. Refer to the General Specifications chart for the maximum wheel load and ground pressure. Raise the booms only when the aerial platform is on level ground.

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Do not drive or position the aerial platform for elevated use near any drop-off, hole, slope, soft or uneven ground, or other tip-over hazard.

All platform occupants must wear a fall restraint device connected to a lanyard anchor point.

It is best not to transfer from the platform to another structure or from the structure to the platform, unless that is the safest way to do the job. Judge each situation separately taking the work environment into account. If it is necessary to transfer from the platform to another structure the following guidelines apply:

1. Where possible, place the platform over a roof or walking structure to do the transfer.

2. Transfer your anchorage from one structure to the other before stepping across.

3. Remember that you might be transferring to a structure where personal fall arrest is required.

4. Use the platform entrance, do not climb over or through the guardrails.

Do not operate the aerial platform in windy or gusty conditions. Do not add anything to the aerial platform that will increase the wind loading such as billboards, banners, flags, etc.

Never operate the aerial platform without all parts of the guardrail system in place and the gate closed. Make sure that all protective guards, cowlings, and doors are securely fastened.

Do not exceed the platform capacity as indicated on the platform rating placard on the platform. Do not carry loads that extend beyond the platform guardrails without prior written consent from Snorkel.

Do not operate the aerial platform from trucks, trailers, railway cars, floating vessels, scaffolds, or similar equipment unless the application is approved in writing by Snorkel.

Do not use the aerial platform as a crane, hoist, jack, or for any purpose other than to position personnel, tools, and materials.

Do not climb on the guardrails or use ladders, planks, or other devices to extend or increase the work position from the platform.

Take care to prevent rope, electrical cords, and hoses, etc., from becoming caught in or on the aerial platform.

• If the platform or booms becomes caught on an adjacent structure or other obstacle and is prevented from normal motion, reverse the control to free the platform.

• If control reversal does not free the platform, evacuate the platform before attempting to free it.

Electrical System

Charge the batteries in a well-ventilated area free of flame, sparks, or other hazards that might cause fire or explosion.

Do not attempt to operate any of the aerial platform functions while the battery charger is plugged in.

Warning

Batteries give off hydrogen and oxygen that can combine explosively. Death or serious injury could result from a chemical explosion. Do not smoke or permit open flames or sparks when checking the batteries.

Battery acid can damage the skin and eyes. Serious infection or reaction could result if medical treatment is not given immediately. Wear face and eye protection when working near the batteries.

• Batteries contain sulfuric acid that could damage your eyes or skin on contact.

• Wear a face shield, rubber gloves, and protective clothing when working around batteries.

• If acid contacts your eyes, fl ush immediately with clear water and get medical attention.

• If acid contacts your skin, wash off immediately with clear water.

Hydraulic System

The hydraulic system contains hoses with hydraulic fluid under pressure.

AB46JE – 0260072 9

Chapter 3 – Safety

Danger

Hydraulic fluid escaping under pressure can have enough force to inject fluid into the flesh. Serious infection or reaction will result if medical treatment is not given immediately. In case of injury by escaping hydraulic fluid, seek medical attention at once.

Do not place your hand or any part of your body in front of escaping hydraulic fluid. Use a piece of cardboard or wood to search for hydraulic leaks.

Placards and Decals

The aerial platform is equipped with placards and decals that provide instruction for operation and accident prevention. Do not operate the aerial platform if any placards or decals are missing or not legible.

10 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 4 – Safety Devices

This aerial work platform is manufactured with safety devices, placards, and decals to reduce the likelihood of an accident.

• For the safety of all personnel, do not disable, modify, or ignore any safety device.

• Safety devices are included in the daily prestart inspection.

Warning

The potential for an accident increases when safety devices do not function properly. Death or serious injury could result from such accidents. Do not alter, disable, or override any safety device.

If any safety devices are defective, remove the aerial platform from service until qualified maintenance personnel can make repairs.

Emergency Stop Controls

There is an emergency stop control at the lower and upper controls.

At the lower controls, the emergency stop is a two-position push button (refer to Figure 4.1).

Figure 4.1 – Lower Controls

• Push the emergency stop button inward to disconnect power to all control circuits.

• Pull the button outward to restore power.

Note

The lower controls override the upper controls. If the upper control emergency stop button is engaged, the lower controls can still be used to operate the aerial platform.

At the upper controls, the emergency stop is a two-position push button (refer to Figure 4.2).

Figure 4.2 – Upper Controls

• Push the emergency stop button inward to disconnect power to the upper control circuits.

• Pull the button outward to restore power.

Emergency Power System

The emergency power system includes a back-up pump and motor. Use this system to operate the boom and turntable functions to lower the platform if the main power system fails due to low battery power or pump failure.

Caution

The emergency power system is for emergency lowering and stowing only. The length of time the pump can be operated depends on the capacity of the batteries. Do not use this system for normal operation.

• Hold the emergency power switch (refer to Figures 4.1 and 4.2) in the direction of the white arrow to activate the emergency power system.

• Release the switch to disengage the emergency power system.

• The length of time the pump can be operated depends on the capacity of the batteries.

Ground Operation Switch

The ground operation switch (refer to Figure 4.1) prevents boom and platform movement if a control switch on the lower control panel is accidentally moved.

Hold the switch up to operate the machine from the lower controls.

Platform Foot Switch

Step down on the platform foot switch (refer to Figure

4.3) to activate the upper controls.

AB46JE – 0260072 11

Chapter 4 – Safety Devices

Figure 4.3 – Platform

The foot switch must be engaged and a control must be moved to operate the boom, drive, and/or platform from the upper controls.

Guardrails

The guardrails (refer to Figure 4.3) help protect personnel from falling off the platform.

The guardrail system includes:

•

• A top rail

A mid rail

Three gravity gates: one on each side and one rear

Toeboards around the sides of the platform

The gravity gates allow for access to the platform and close automatically after entering or exiting the platform.

After entering the platform check to make sure the gates are fully lowered and even with the mid rail.

Lanyard Anchors

Two lanyard anchors for fall restraint anchorage are provided below the upper controls at the front of the platform

(refer to Figure 4.3).

Note

The lanyard anchors are not for lifting or tying the machine down.

• All personnel in the platform must connect their fall restraint device to a lanyard anchor before raising the platform.

• Attach only one fall restraint device to each lanyard anchor.

• Do not use the aerial platform for personal fall arrest anchorage.

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

The electrical power outlet at the platform (refer to Figure

4.4) contains a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) to provide protection for personnel.

Figure 4.4 – Electrical Power Outlet

Tilt Alarm

If the aerial platform chassis is out of level more than five degrees when the main boom is raised or extended, or when the riser boom is raised, an alarm will sound. The

tilt alarm is located under the upper control panel.

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Completely lower the booms and then drive to a level surface when the tilt alarm sounds.

The tilt alarm is for added protection and does not justify operating on anything other than firm, flat, level surfaces.

Horn

The horn may be used to warn personnel on the ground.

The horn switch is to the right of the emergency stop button on the upper control panel (refer to Figure 4.5).

The horn is operational when the machine is set up for operation from the upper controls.

Figure 4.5 – Upper Controls

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 4 – Safety Devices

All Motion Alarm

An optional all motion alarm may be provided on the machine. The alarm sounds, in short beeps, anytime the machine functions are being operated. The alarm is used to warn personnel in the work area to stand clear.

Flashing Light

An amber flashing light may be located on the top of the counterweight. The flashing light warns personnel that the aerial platform is in the area.

The light flashes at approximately one flash per second when the machine is set up for operation from the upper or lower controls.

AB46JE – 0260072 13

Chapter 4 – Safety Devices

14 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 5 – Gauges and Displays

The aerial platform is equipped with several gauges to monitor the condition of the machine before and during operation.

Hour Meter

The hour meter is located on the lower control panel

(refer to Figure 5.1). It measures the accumulated aerial platform operating time.

Figure 5.2 – Upper Controls

Battery Charge Indicator

The battery charge indicator is located at the rear of the chassis (refer to Figure 5.3). When the batteries are charging, the battery charge indicator displays the charging state of the charger.

Figure 5.1 – Lower Controls

Drive Fault Light

The drive fault light is located on the lower control panel

(refer to Figure 5.1). It indicates the condition on the drive control when the foot switch is pressed.

• If the drive fault light is lit, the machine is in normal operation mode and can be driven from the upper controls.

• If the drive fault light is not lit or fl ashing, there is no power to the drive control or there is a machine error.

Remove the aerial platform from service until quali fi ed maintenance personnel can make repairs.

Battery Condition Indicator

There is a battery condition indicator at the upper controls

(refer to Figure 5.2). The battery condition indicator displays the level of available battery power to operate the aerial platform when the foot switch is pressed.

Figure 5.3 – Battery Disconnect Panel

Hydraulic Fluid Filter Gauge

The fluid filter gauge (refer to Figure 5.4) is located on the control valve behind the cover on the right side of the turntable.

AB46JE – 0260072 15

Chapter 5 – Gauges and Displays

Hydraulic Fluid Level Sight Gauge

A sight gauge on the end of the reservoir displays the level of the hydraulic fluid (refer to Figure 5.5).

Figure 5.4 – Hydraulic Fluid Filter Gauge

• During high pump fl ow situations, the gauge indicates the condition of the fi lter.

• When the needle on the gauge is in the red zone, its time to change the fi lter.

Figure 5.5 – Hydraulic Fluid Gauge

Remove the drive control compartment cover and check the fluid level with the aerial platform in the stowed position, booms completely down and retracted. Otherwise, the cylinders act as large reservoirs for hydraulic fluid making the level appear too low. The fluid level should be visible in the sight gauge.

16 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 6 – Batteries

The battery trays, located on each side of the chassis, contains eight, 360 amp, 6 volt batteries to operate the aerial platform drive and control systems.

To access the batteries, release the latch on each side of the tray and remove the cover.

For optimal battery performance the battery fluid level must be maintained and the battery connections must be kept clean.

General Maintenance

Always keep the batteries clean, free of dirt and corrosion.

A film on top of the battery can accelerate discharge.

Warning

Battery acid can damage the skin and eyes. Serious infection or reaction could result if medical treatment is not given immediately. Wear face and eye protection when working near the batteries.

If necessary, clean the batteries, terminals, and cable ends (refer to Figure 6.1) with a wire brush or terminal cleaning tool.

Figure 6.1 – Battery Tray

Use distilled water to refill the batteries. Avoid water containing metallic solids such as iron which can reduce the life of the batteries.

Consult a battery charger specialist if extreme temperature use is unavoidable.

• Cold reduces battery capacity and retards charging.

• Heat increases water usage and can result in overcharging.

• Very high temperatures can cause thermal run away which may lead to an explosion or fi re.

Charging

The aerial platform is equipped with a 40 amp automatic battery charger that will completely recharge the batteries and turn off after the charge cycle is completed. The battery charger is located at the rear of the chassis.

Warning

Batteries give off hydrogen and oxygen that can combine explosively. Death or serious injury can result from a chemical explosion. Charge the batteries only in a well ventilated area away from sparks or flame.

It may take from 1½ to 16 hours to recharge the batteries depending on the amount of discharge. If the charging cycle exceeds 16 hours without the batteries being fully recharged, unplug the charger and have the batteries checked.

Fully recharge the batteries, immediately after use.

• One charging cycle per day is preferred.

• Fully charged batteries perform best.

• The deeper the discharge, the fewer number of cycles a battery will deliver. Deep discharges deteriorate the battery quicker than light shallow cycles.

• An overly discharged battery may need to be cycled a few times before it can fully recover.

• If a battery begins to heat before becoming fully charged, it may be necessary to recharge and discharge the battery a few times.

Use the following procedure to charge the batteries.

1. At the lower controls, turn the start switch to the off position.

2. Release the latch on each side of the battery trays and remove the cover to access the batteries. Remove the caps from each battery (refer to Figure

6.1).

3. Visually check the battery fluid level making sure the level is within ¼ ″ (6 mm) of the bottom of the filler neck inside each hole. If needed, add distilled water.

4. Tightly replace the caps on each battery and replace and latch the battery tray covers.

5. Plug the battery charger into a properly grounded outlet (115 volt AC, 60 Hz) using a 3 conductor, 12 gauge (1.5 mm) or larger extension cord. The extension cord must be as short as possible and in good electrical condition.

AB46JE – 0260072 17

Chapter 6 – Batteries

Note

The aerial platform will not operate while the battery charger is plugged in.

6. Visually inspect the battery charge indicator for proper charging rate (refer to Figure 6.2).

Figure 6.2 – Battery Disconnect Panel

• The charger will turn on three to fi ve seconds after a complete electrical connection is made.

• As the batteries become charged, the indicator light for each level of charge will blink until its level is reached and then remain lit.

• When the batteries are fully charged, all three lights on the battery charge indicator will be lit.

7. Leave the battery charger plugged in until it shuts itself off.

Note

If the charging cycle exceeds 16 hours without the batteries being fully recharged, unplug the charger and have the batteries checked.

8. After the battery charger turns itself off, it is not necessary to immediately unplug the extension cord from the battery charger. The charger will monitor the charge state of the batteries and recharge them if the voltage drops off.

9. Release the latch on each side of the battery trays and remove the cover to access the batteries. Remove the caps from each battery (refer to Figure

6.1).

10. Visually check the battery fluid level making sure the level is within ¼ ″ (6 mm) of the bottom of the filler neck inside each hole. If needed, add distilled water.

11. Tightly replace the caps on each battery and replace and latch the battery tray covers

18 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 7 – Controls

Danger

Pinch points may exist between moving components.

Death or serious injury will result from becoming trapped between components, buildings, structures, or other obstacles. Make sure all personnel stand clear while operating the aerial platform.

• Controls to position the platform are located on the lower control panel on the turntable and on the upper control panel in the platform.

• Controls to drive the aerial platform are located on the upper control panel only.

Battery Disconnect Switch

The battery disconnect switch is located at the rear of the chassis (refer to Figure 7.1).

Figure 7.1 – Battery Disconnect Panel

The battery disconnect removes electrical power from all electrically controlled functions when in the off position.

• Place the switch in the on position to electrically connect the battery to the electrical system.

Caution

Only authorized personnel should operate the aerial platform. Unqualified personnel may cause injury to coworkers or property damage. Lock the battery disconnect switch in the off position before leaving the aerial platform unattended.

• Lock the battery disconnect switch in the off position to prevent unauthorized use of the aerial platform.

Lower Controls

The lower controls (refer to Figure 7.2) are located on the left side of the turntable. Boom and platform functions can be operated from the lower controls. The following are located on the lower control panel:

•

Start switch

Emergency stop button

Controls selector switch

Ground operation switch

Rotation switch

Riser switch

Boom elevation switch

Boom extension switch

Jib articulation switch

Platform level switch

Platform rotation switch

Emergency power switch

Start Switch

The start switch (refer to Figure 7.2) connects power to all control circuits with a key switch.

• Turn the switch to the on position to connect the electrical power to the lower and upper controls.

• When the machine is not in use, turn the switch to the off position to preserve the battery charge.

Emergency Stop Button

The emergency stop (refer to Figure 7.2) is a two-position, red push button.

• Push the button inward to disconnect power to all control circuits.

• Pull the button outward to restore power.

Controls Selector Switch

Use the controls switch (refer to Figure 7.2) to select between lower control and upper control operation.

• Place the switch in the upward position to operate the aerial platform from the upper controls.

• Place the switch in the downward position for lower control operation.

Ground Operation Switch

Hold the ground operation switch (refer to Figure 7.2) upward continually to operate the machine from the lower controls. This switch is spring returned to the off position.

Rotation Switch

The rotation switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to rotate the turntable in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch to the right to rotate the turntable counterclockwise.

• Hold the switch to the left to rotate the turntable clockwise.

AB46JE – 0260072 19

Chapter 7 – Controls

Riser Switch

The riser switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to raise or lower the riser booms. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to raise the riser booms.

• Hold the switch downward to lower the riser booms.

Boom Elevation Switch

The boom elevation switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to raise or lower the main boom. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to raise the main boom.

• Hold the switch downward to lower the main boom.

Boom Extension Switch

The boom extension switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to extend or retract the booms. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch to the right to extend the booms.

• Hold the switch to the left to retract the booms.

Jib Articulation Switch

The jib switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to raise or lower the jib. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to raise the jib.

• Hold the switch downward to lower the jib.

Platform Level Switch

The platform l evel switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to level the platform floor with respect to the ground. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to tilt the platform fl oor upward or away from the ground.

• Hold the switch downward to tilt the platform fl oor downward or toward the ground.

Platform Rotation Switch

The platform rotation switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to rotate the platform relative to the end of the tip boom.

The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch to the right to rotate the platform counterclockwise.

• Hold the switch to the left to rotate the platform clockwise.

Emergency Power Switch

The emergency power switch (refer to Figure 7.2) is used to operate turntable, boom, and platform functions using the emergency power system. The switch is spring returned to the off position.

Caution

Emergency Stop

Button

Start Switch Control Selector

Switch

Main Control

Circuit Breaker

Relays/Switches

Circuit Breaker

Emergency Power Switch

Riser Switch

Boom Elevation Switch

Boom Extension Switch

Ground Operation

Switch

Rotation Switch

Platform Rotation Switch

Jib Articulation Switch

Platform Level Switch

Figure 7.2 – Lower Controls

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 7 – Controls

• Hold the emergency power switch downward in the direction of the white arrow to activate the emergency power system.

• Release the switch to disengage the emergency power system.

Circuit Breaker Reset Buttons

The lower control panel system has a 10 amp circuit breaker for the internal relays and toggle switches, and a

25 amp circuit breaker for the main control system circuit.

The reset buttons for the circuit breaker are at the top of the lower control panel (refer to Figure 7.2).

The upper control panel has a 10 amp circuit breaker for the upper control system circuit, with the reset button on the front of the upper control panel (refer to Figure 7.3).

Figure 7.3 – Upper Control Panel Front

The electrical power outlet at the platform has a 15 amp circuit breaker. The reset button is on the left side of the electrical box (refer to Figure 7.4).

Figure 7.4 – Electrical Power Outlet

The circuit breakers protect the electrical wiring and components from electrical overload in case of a short circuit or other fault.

Caution

A tripped circuit breaker indicates a malfunction in the electrical system. Component damage may result if the cause of the malfunction is not corrected. Do not operate the aerial platform if the circuit breaker trips repeatedly.

Push the button to reset the circuit breaker.

Upper Controls

The upper controls (refer to Figure 7.5) are located on the control panel at the platform. Boom, platform, and drive functions can be operated from the upper controls.

The following controls are located on the upper control panel.

•

• Emergency stop button

Drive joystick

Steer Switch

Drive range switch

Boom speed knob

Rotation switch

Riser switch

Boom elevation switch

Boom extension switch

Jib articulation switch

Platform level switch

Platform rotation switch

Em ergency power switch

Horn Switch

Emergency Stop Button

The emergency stop is a two-position, red push button on top of the upper control panel (refer to Figure 7.5).

• Push the button inward to disconnect power to the upper control circuits.

• Pull the button outward to restore power.

Note

The lower controls override the upper controls. If the upper control emergency stop button is engaged the lower controls can still be used to operate the aerial platform.

• Push the emergency stop button inward when the upper controls are not in use to protect against unintentional operation.

Drive Joystick

The drive joystick (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to control forward and reverse motion of the aerial platform. The distance the joystick is moved is proportional to the machine drive speed.

Hold the joystick forward to move the aerial platform forward, and backward to move in reverse as indicated by the directional arrows on the chassis. Drive and steer functions may be operated simultaneously.

AB46JE – 0260072 21

Chapter 7 – Controls

Emergency Stop Button

Emergency Power

Switch

Platform Level Switch

Boom Speed Knob

Rotation Switch

Platform Rotation Switch

Horn Switch Drive Range Switch

Boom Elevation Switch

Drive Joystick

Steer Switch

Riser Switch Boom Extension Switch

Jib Articulation Switch

Steer Switch

The steer switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is a momentary contact, rocker switch on top of the drive joystick. This switch controls the two front wheels to steer the aerial platform.

• To steer to the right, hold down the right side of the steer switch.

• To steer to the left, hold down the left side of the steer switch.

Note

The steering wheels are not self-centering. Set the steering wheels straight ahead after completing a turn.

Drive Range Switch

The drive range switch (refer to Figure 7.5) has two positions to select drive wheel operation when the booms are in the stowed position; tip boom fully retracted and main boom fully lowered.

• High range (rabbit) – high speed drive (3.2 mph) with booms in the stowed position.

• Low range (turtle) – creep speed (0.8 mph) with high torque two wheel drive operation with booms in any position.

The drive range operates in low when the booms are out of the stowed position, regardless of the position of the drive range switch.

Boom Speed Knob

Use the boom speed knob (refer to Figure 7.5) to control the speed of the following functions:

•

• Main boom raise/lower

Main boom extend/lower

Figure 7.5 – Upper Control Panel

•

• Turntable rotation clockwise/counterclockwise

Riser raise/lower

Jib raise/lower

Platform rotate/level

Set the knob to slow (turtle) when beginning a movement.

The speed may be increased by slowly rotating the knob toward fast (rabbit). For smooth operation, rotate the knob to slow when ending movement.

Rotation Switch

The rotation switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to rotate the turntable in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch to the right to rotate the turntable counterclockwise.

• Hold the switch to the left to rotate the turntable clockwise.

Riser Switch

The riser switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to raise or lower the riser booms. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to raise the riser booms.

• Hold the switch downward to lower the riser booms.

Boom Elevation Switch

The boom elevation switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to raise or lower the main boom. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to raise the main boom.

• Hold the switch downward to lower the main boom.

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 7 – Controls

Boom Extension Switch

The boom extension switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to extend or retract the booms. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch downward to extend the booms.

• Hold the switch upward to retract the booms.

Jib Articulation Switch

The jib articulation switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to raise or lower the jib. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to raise the jib.

• Hold the switch downward to lower the jib.

Platform Level Switch

The platform level switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to level the platform floor with respect to the ground. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch upward to tilt the platform fl oor upward or away from the ground.

• Hold the switch downward to tilt the platform fl oor downward or toward the ground.

Platform Rotation Switch

The platform rotate switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to rotate the platform relative to the end of the tip boom. The switch is spring returned to the center off position.

• Hold the switch to the right to rotate the platform counterclockwise.

• Hold the switch to the left to rotate the platform clockwise.

Emergency Power Switch

The emergency power switch (refer to Figure 7.5) is used to operate turntable, boom, and platform functions using the emergency power system. The switch is spring returned to the off position.

Caution

• Hold the emergency power switch downward in the direction of the white arrow to activate the emergency power system.

• Release the switch to disengage the emergency power system.

Horn Switch

The horn switch is to the right of the emergency stop button on the upper control panel (refer to Figure 7.5).

Hold the switch upward to sound the horn.

Platform Foot Switch

The upper controls are interlocked through the platform foot switch (refer to Figure 7.6)

Figure 7.6 – Platform

Step down on and hold the platform foot switch to activate the drive and boom functions from the upper controls.

AB46JE – 0260072 23

Chapter 7 – Controls

24 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Potential service and safety problems may be detected by inspecting the aerial platform. This chapter includes information on properly inspecting the aerial platform and includes a prestart inspection check list at the end of the chapter to ensure that no areas are overlooked.

Warning

Perform a prestart inspection at the beginning of each shift, before using the aerial platform on the job. The inspection site must have a smooth and level surface.

Operator’s Manual Holder

The manual holder is located at the front of the platform

(refer to Figure 8.1).

Note

Refer to Chapter 6 for general battery maintenance and charging information.

Warning

Caution

Even with low voltage electrical systems, severe arcing can occur. Electrical shock or component damage may result from contact with energized conductors. Use caution when working with any electrical device.

The batteries to power the machine are located in trays on each side of the aerial platform, refer to Figure 8.2.

Figure 8.1 – Operator’s Manual Holder

To inspect the Operator’s Manual holder:

1. Make certain the Operator’s Manual holder is securely fastened in place.

2. Check to see that the proper Operator’s Manual is in the holder.

3. Check to see that the manual is complete with all pages intact and in readable condition.

4. Make certain ANSI publication “ Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers, Owners, Users, Operators,

Lessors and Lessees of ANSI/SIA A92.5-2006 Boom-

Supported Elevating Work Platforms” is in the manual holder.

Electrical System

Electrical power is supplied from eight, 360 amp, 6 volt

batteries. These batteries supply 48 volt DC electrical power to operate the aerial platform drive system and 12 volt DC power to operate the control system.

AB46JE – 0260072

Figure 8.2 – Battery Tray

To access the batteries, release the latch on each side of the battery tray and remove the cover.

For optimal battery performance the battery fluid level must be maintained and the battery connections must be kept clean.

Battery Fluid Level

To inspect the battery fluid level:

1. Remove the caps from each battery (refer to Figure

8.2).

2. Visually check the battery fluid level making sure the level is within ¼ ″ (6 mm) of the bottom of the filler neck inside each hole.

3. If necessary, add distilled water.

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Note

Only use distilled water when refilling the batteries. Tap water may contain metallic solids such as iron which can reduce the life of the batteries.

4. Replace the caps on the batteries. The caps must be in place and tight during machine operation.

Battery Terminals

To inspect the battery terminals:

1. Check the top of each battery, the terminals, and cable ends. They should be clean and free of corrosion (refer to Figure 8.2).

2. If necessary, clean the top of the battery. Clean the terminals and cable ends with a wire brush or terminal cleaning tool.

3. Make sure all cable ends are securely fastened to the terminals.

Battery Charger

To inspect the battery charger:

1. At the lower controls, turn the start switch to the off position.

2. Plug the batter charger into a properly grounded outlet

(115 volt AC, 60 Hz) using a 3 conductor, 12 gauge

(1.5 mm) or larger extension cord. The extension cord must be as short as possible and in good electrical condition.

3. After a short delay, visually inspect the battery charge indicator for proper charging rate (refer to Figure

8.3).

Battery Condition Indicator

To inspect the battery condition indicator from the upper controls:

1. Turn the battery disconnect switch on.

2 At the lower controls pull the emergency stop button outward (refer to Figure 8.4).

Figure 8.4 – Lower Controls

3. Insert the key into the start switch and turn it to the on position.

4. At the upper controls pull the emergency stop button outward (refer to Figure 8.5).

Figure 8.3 – Battery Disconnect Panel

• As the batteries become charged, the indicator light for each level of charge will blink until its level is reached and then remain lit.

4. Unplug the charger.

Figure 8.5 – Upper Controls

5. Step down on the platform foot switch and check to see that the battery condition indicator displays a power reading at the upper controls (refer to Figure

8.5)

Cables and Wiring Harness

To inspect the cables and wiring harness:

1. Visually inspect all cables and wiring for wear and/or physical damage such as loose connections, broken wires, and frayed insulation.

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

2. Check the wiring in areas where a change in routing direction may cause them to become pinched.

3. Make sure the cables and wires are properly routed to avoid sharp edges, pinching, and scuffing.

Hydraulic System

Hydraulic power is supplied from a dual stage, combined flow, hydraulic pump with a four horsepower DC electrical motor.

Danger

The hydraulic reservoir is inside the right side of the chassis.

Fluid Level

To inspect the fluid level:

1. Make sure the aerial platform is fully stowed on a level surface.

2. Remove the drive control compartment cover at the rear of the chassis.

3. Visually check to make sure the fluid is visible in the sight glass (refer to Figures 8.6).

Note

Refer to Chapter 2 for the proper type and grade of hydraulic fluid to use. The need to regularly add fluid indicates a leak that should be corrected.

Fluid Filter

Checking the condition of the hydraulic fluid filter is part of the machine maintenance schedule and should not be performed by the operator.

Hoses, Tubes, and Fittings

To inspect the hoses, tubes and fittings:

1. Inspect all hydraulic hoses, tubes, and fittings for wear, leakage, or damage (refer to Figure 8.7).

Figure 8.7 – Hoses, Tubes, and Fittings

2. Make sure the hoses are properly routed to avoid sharp edges, kinking, and scuffing.

3. Inspect the tubes for dents or other damage that may restrict fluid flow.

4. Make sure all hoses and tubes are held fi rmly in their support brackets.

5. Check under the chassis for fluid that has leaked. Hydraulic fluid leaks are easily visible on the ground.

Tires and Wheels

Visually inspect the tires and wheels (refer to Figure 8.8) to make sure they are suitable for service.

Figure 8.6 – Hydraulic Fluid Gauge

Caution

Not all hydraulic fluid is suitable to use in the hydraulic system. Some have poor lubricating characteristics and may increase component wear. Only use hydraulic fluid as recommended.

4. If necessary, remove the filler cap and add fluid of the proper type. Replace the cap making sure it is tightly in place.

AB46JE – 0260072 27

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Figure 8.8 – Tires and Wheels

The aerial platform has non-marking foam filled tires.

Foam filled tires do not have a pressure decal or a valve core.

To inspect foam filled tires and wheels:

1. Check the wheel lug nuts to see that none are missing, damaged, or loose.

2. Carefully inspect for large holes or cuts where foam is coming out of the tire.

3. Look for large imbedded objects, such as angle iron, that can rip a tire open.

Note

Punctures caused by bolts, screws, or nails are not a problem for foam filled tires.

Lower Control Station

With no personnel in the platform, test the operation of each control from the lower controls (refer to Figure

8.9).

Figure 8.9 – Lower Controls

Operating Controls

Use the following procedure to operate the machine from the lower controls.

1. Turn the battery disconnect switch on.

2. At the lower controls, pull the emergency stop button outward. Place the control selector switch in the lower control position.

3. Insert the key into the start switch and turn it to the on position.

4. Hold the ground operation switch upward.

Danger

Pinch points may exist between moving components.

Death or serious injury will result from becoming trapped between components, buildings, structures, or other obstacles. Make sure all personnel stand clear of the aerial platform while performing the prestart inspection.

Warning

5. Test the operation of each function in both directions.

Note

When checking the turntable rotation function in the counterclockwise direction, the turntable will rotate toward you.

Emergency Stop

To test the emergency stop button from the lower controls:

1. Push the emergency stop button inward to turn off the electrical power.

2. Test opetate the lower control functions to make sure they no longer operate.

Emergency Power

To test the emergency power system from the lower controls:

1. Place the battery disconnect switch, the emergency stop switch, and the start switch in the on position.

2. Hold the emergency power switch down and the ground operation switch upward to operate the aerial platform from the lower controls using the emergency power system.

28 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Level Sensor

Use the following procedure to test the level sensor:

1. Position the aerial platform on a smooth, flat, level surface.

2. Remove all persons and materials from the platform.

3. Start the machine and raise the riser boom above horizontal, approximately 15 to 20 degrees.

4. Remove the drive control compartment cover. The level sensor is in the right side (refer to Figure

8.10).

5. Pull the level sensor to the side as far as possible to activate the tilt alarm.

Note

There is not an off switch for the flashing light.

Structures

Visually inspect all weldments and related components.

It is important to inspect the fasteners that connect the components.

Weldments

To inspect the weldments:

1. Visually inspect all weldments for abnormal wear, abrasion, or deformation that could cause interference between moving parts.

2. Inspect the welds on the structural components.

Pay particular attention to boom welds. The area to be inspected should be clean and free of dirt and grease.

3. Look for visible cracks in the welds and at the weld to parent material joints. A bright light may be used to provide adequate visibility of the inspection area.

Boom Slide Pads

The main boom has slide pads (refer to Figure 8.11) between the main and tip boom sections.

Figure 8.10 – Level Sensor

Warning

6. If the alarm does not sound, remove the machine from service until the problem is corrected.

7. Lower the riser boom.

Flashing Light

The machine may be equipped with an optional flashing light mounted to the top of the counterweight.

To inspect the flashing light:

1. Turn the battery disconnect switch on.

2. At the lower controls, pull the emergency stop button outward and turn the start switch on.

3. Operate any control function and visually check to see that the light is flashing approximately one flash per second.

AB46JE – 0260072

Figure 8.11 – Slide Pads at Tip End of Boom

To inspect the slide pads:

1. Use the lower controls to raise the main boom near horizontal. Extend the tip boom about 1 ′ (30 cm).

2. Visually inspect the slide pads to make sure they are securely fastened to the main boom.

3. Inspect the surface where the pads contact the tip boom. The paint must be in place with no signs of bare metal.

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Fasteners

To inspect the fasteners:

1. Visually inspect all fasteners to see that none are missing or loose.

2. Inspect all of the bolts, nuts, rollpins, collars, and snap rings that connect the booms and cylinders.

They should all be present, tight, and not damaged in any way.

3. Raise the riser boom to access the inner race rotation bearing bolts in the turntable (refer to Figure 8.12).

The outer race bolts can be viewed through the openings in the turntable. Rotate the turntable to inspect all of the outer race bolts.

Figure 8.12 – Rotation Bearing Bolts

4. Inspect the inner and outer race rotation bearing bolts to ensure that none are missing, damaged, or loose.

Upper Control Station

Inspect the platform and upper controls, after verifying all functions operated properly from the lower controls.

Guardrail System

The guardrail system includes (refer to Figure 8.13):

•

• A top rail

A mid rail

Three gravity gates: one on each side and one rear

Toeboards around the sides of the platform

Figure 8.13 – Guardrail System

To inspect the guardrail system:

1. Visually inspect all components of the guardrail system. Make sure the rails and toeboards are all in place and free of any damage or deformation.

2. Visually inspect the rail and toeboard welds for cracks.

3. Visually check all bolts and nuts fastening the platform in place. They must be present and not show any signs of looseness.

4. Inspect the gravity gates to be sure they are present, not damaged, and move freely.

Lanyard Anchors

There are two lanyard anchors below the upper control panel (refer to Figure 8.13).

To inspect the lanyard anchors:

1. Visually inspect the lanyard anchors to make sure they are in place and not deformed.

2. Look for visible cracks in the welds and at the weld to parent material joints. A bright light may be used to provide adequate visibility of the inspection area.

Operating Controls

Use the following procedure to operate the machine from the upper controls:

1. Turn the battery disconnect switch on.

2. At the lower controls, place the emergency stop switch and the start switch in the on position. Place the controls switch in the upper control position.

3. At the upper controls, pull the emergency stop button outward (refer to Figure 8.14).

30 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Emergency

Power Switch

Emergency

Stop Button

Horn Switch

Figure 8.14 – Upper Controls

Danger

Pinch points may exist between moving components.

Warning

4. Step down on the platform foot switch.

5. Visually check to make sure the drive fault light is lit at the lower controls.

• If the drive fault light is not lit or fl ashing, repeat the steps 1 through 5 to ensure the controls are set up properly.

• After ensuring the controls are set up properly and the drive fault light is not lit or fl ashing, remove the aerial platform from service until qualifi ed maintenance personnel can make repairs.

6. Test the platform foot switch by moving a boom function control without stepping on the foot switch.

If movement occurs the interlock is not functioning properly. Do not operate the machine until the problem is corrected.

7. Test the operation of each control in both directions from the upper controls.

8. The drive range switch and maximum travel speeds are interlocked through limit switches on the riser and main boom that senses the position of the booms.

• When the main boom is raised approximately 1

½ ″ (3.8 cm) or extended approximately 1 ″ (2.5 cm), the machine should travel in low speed only.

• To operate in high speed the booms must be stowed.

Emergency Stop

To test the emergency stop button from the upper controls:

1. At the lower controls, turn the start switch to the on position and place the control selector switch in the upper control position.

2. At the upper controls, push the emergency stop button inward to turn off electrical power.

3. Verify that the upper control functions do not operate.

Emergency Power

To test the emergency power system from the upper controls:

1. Turn the battery disconnect switch on.

2. At the lower controls, pull the emergency stop button outward and place the start switch in the on position.

Place the control selector switch in the upper control position.

3. At the upper controls, pull the emergency stop button outward (refer to Figure 8.14).

4. Hold the emergency power switch in the emergency power position and step on the platform foot switch to verify operation of the aerial platform using the emergency power system.

Horn Switch

Operate the horn switch (refer to Figure 8.14) to ensure that it sounds to warn personnel in the area.

Electrical Power Outlet

To test the electrical power outlet:

1. Connect a source of 110 volt AC power to the powerinput connector on the right side of the chassis (refer to Figure 8.15).

AB46JE – 0260072 31

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Figure 8.15 – Power-Input Connector

2. Plug an electrical tool into the receptacle at the platform and try to operate the tool to verify proper operation of the outlet.

The outlet is equipped with a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). Use the following procedure to test the

GFCI.

1. Push the test button (refer to Figure 8.16).

Placards and Decals

To inspect the placards and decals:

1. Inspect all safety and operational placards and decals. Make certain they are in place, in good condition, and are legible.

2. Clean the placards and decals with soap and water, and a soft cloth if the words or pictures cannot be seen.

Caution

Solvents may contain hazardous ingredients. Follow the manufacturer’s label for proper use and disposal.

Wear protective gloves and splash-proof safety glasses when using solvents.

3. Remove wet paint overspray with a natural biodegradable solvent and a soft cloth.

4. Replace any missing or illegible placards or decals before operating the aerial platform.

Placard and decal kits are available from Snorkel.

The safety related placards and decals are illustrated on the following pages.

Figure 8.16 – Electrical Power Outlet

2. Plug an electrical tool into the outlet and verify the power is off.

• If the power was off, push the reset button to restore power.

• If the power was on, repair or replace the receptacle.

All Motion Alarm

The machine may be equipped with an optional all motion alarm.

• Operate the machine functions to ensure that the alarm sounds to warn personnel in the area that the aerial platform is in motion.

32 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

0323899 451986

0323899

451986

0150602

0323896

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Right Side

0323899

DA NG E R

D O N O T A L T E R O R D I S A B L E

L I MI T S W I T C H E S , S A F E T Y

S W I T C H E S , O R I N T E R L O C K S .

451986

0150602

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MA C H INE T IP O V E R H A ZA R D

DE AT H or s erious injury can res ult if machine tips over.

T his machine is equipped with foam filled or s olid tires , wheel weight is critical for s tability.

To prevent machine tip over, replace tires with factory approved foam filled or s olid tires O NLY.

DO NO T attempt to inflate foam filled or s olid tires .

0073298

33 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

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Y OU MUS T NO T OP E R AT E T HIS DE V IC E UNLE S S :

Y O U H AV E B E E N T R AIN E D IN T H E S AF E O P E R AT IO N O F T H IS

DE V IC E AN D H H H H

Y O U K N O W AN D F O L L O W T H E S AF E T Y AN D O P E R AT IN G

R E C O MME N DAT IO N S C O N TAIN E D IN T H E MAN U F AC T U R E R 'S

MAN U AL S , Y O U R E MP L O Y E R 'S W O R K R U L E S , AN D AP P L I-

C AB L E G O V E R N ME N TAL R E G U L AT IO N S . H H H H H H H H

AN UNTRAINED OPERATOR SUBJECTS HIMSELF AND OTHERS TO

DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY.

0323897

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AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

MA C H INE T IP O V E R H A ZA R D

DE AT H or s erious injury can res ult if machine tips over.

T his machine is equipped with foam filled or s olid tires , wheel weight is critical for s tability.

To prevent machine tip over, replace tires with factory approved foam filled or s olid tires O NLY.

DO NO T attempt to inflate foam filled or s olid tires .

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(One per cylinder)

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AB46JE – 0260072

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36 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

Prestart Inspection Checklist

Item

Operator’s Manual

Electrical System

Batteries

Battery fluid level and terminals

Battery charger and condition indicator

Cables and wiring harness

Inspect For

In place, all pages readable and intact

Condition and charged for proper operation

Proper level/clean, connectors tight

Proper operation

No wear or physical damage

Hydraulic System

Fluid level

Fluid filter

Hoses, tubes and fittings

Tires

Foam filled

Between full and add marks

Verify operation in the green zone

No leaks

Wheels

Lower Control Station

Operating controls

Emergency stop and emergency power

Level Sensor

Flashing Light

All Motion Alarm

Good condition

All wheel lug nuts present and properly torqued

Proper operation

Shuts off lower controls/proper operation

Sounds tilt alarm

Proper operation

Sounds when machine is operated and/or driven

Structures

Weldments – Chassis, turntable, booms, platform, etc. Welds intact, no damage or deformation

Slide pads

Fasteners

In place, no damage or deformation

In place and tight

Upper Control Station

Guardrail system and lanyard anchors

Operating controls

Emergency stop and emergency power

Horn

Electrical power outlet – GFCI

Placards and Decals

Welds intact, no damage or deformation

Proper operation

Shuts off upper controls/proper operation

Sounds when activated

Proper operation

In place and readable

AB46JE – 0260072 37

Chapter 8 – Prestart Inspection

38 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 9 – Operation

The aerial platform may be operated from either the lower or upper controls.

Danger

The aerial platform is not electrically insulated. Death or serious injury will result from contact with, or inadequate clearance from, an energized conductor.

Do not go closer than the minimum safe approach distance as defined by ANSI.

Pinch points may exist between moving components.

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Operate the aerial platform on a firm, flat, level surface. Avoid travel speeds and/or rough terrain that could cause sudden changes in platform position. Do not drive or position the aerial platform for elevated use near any drop-off, hole, slope, soft or uneven ground, or other tip-over hazard.

The platform rated work load is the total weight of the personnel and equipment that may be lifted in the platform.

The work loads are stated on the platform rating placard at the:

•

• rear of the platform lower controls upper controls

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Do not exceed the capacity values indicated on the platform rating placard.

Capacity values indicate the rated lifting capacity and do not indicate aerial platform stability.

The operator bears ultimate responsibility for ensuring that the aerial platform is properly set up for the particular conditions encountered.

Cold Weather Start-Up

If the ambient temperature is 32°F (0°C) or below, the hydraulic system oil may need to be warmed before operation.

Cold, thick hydraulic oil does not flow well and may cause delay in response to control movement. Cold hydraulic oil may also cause cavitation and pump damage.

Manually Warming the Hydraulic System

The hydraulic oil may be warmed by bottoming out the boom extension cylinder. Raise the main boom so it is horizontal and operate the boom retract function while the machine is stowed. With the cylinder bottomed out the oil flow will produce heat to warm the hydraulic oil.

Caution

Not all hydraulic fluid is suitable to use in the hydraulic system. Some have poor lubricating characteristics and may increase component wear. Only use hydraulic fluid as recommended.

Use cold weather hydraulic oil as recommended in the machine General Specifications in temperatures of 10 °F

(-12°C) or below.

Preparing for Operation

Before operating the aerial platform, make certain the batteries are charged and the charger is unplugged.

Use the following procedure to prepare the aerial platform for operation.

1. Perform a prestart inspection as described in Chapter

2. Place the battery disconnect switch in the on position.

3. Close and latch the battery trays and cowling covers.

Lower Controls

The lower controls override the upper controls. This means that the lower controls can always be used to operate the platform regardless of the position of the upper control emergency stop button.

Boom, turntable, and platform functions may be operated from the lower controls. The lower controls may be used for initial set up of the aerial platform, and for testing and inspection.

Use the following procedure to operate boom, turntable, or platform functions using the lower controls.

1. Place the emergency stop switch in the on position and place the controls switch in the ground position

(refer to Figure 9.1).

AB46JE – 0260072 39

Chapter 9 – Operation

Figure 9.1 – Lower Controls

2. Insert the key into the start switch and turn the switch to the on position.

3. Hold the ground operation switch upward while operating the boom and turntable control toggle switches.

4. Hold the appropriate toggle switch in the desired direction.

5. Release the function toggle switch to stop movement.

6. Release the ground operation switch to the off position when no functions are being operated.

Upper Controls

The upper controls may be used for driving the aerial platform and positioning the booms and platform while on the job.

Use the following procedure to operate machine functions using the upper controls.

1. At the lower controls, place the emergency stop button and start switch in the on position. Place the controls switch in the platform position.

2. Enter the platform and securely close the gate.

3. Attach the fall restraint lanyard to one of the anchor points.

4. Pull the emergency stop outward (refer to Figure

9.2).

Figure 9.2 – Upper Controls

5. Step down on the platform foot switch.

6. Visually check to make sure the drive fault light is lit at the lower controls (refer to Figure 9.1).

• If the drive fault light is not lit or fl ashing, repeat the steps 1 through 5 to ensure the controls are set up properly.

• After ensuring the controls are set up properly and the drive fault light is not lit or fl ashing, remove the aerial platform from service until qualifi ed maintenance personnel can make repairs.

Boom Operation

Use the following procedure to operate the turntable, boom, or platform functions.

1. Step down on the platform foot switch (refer to Figure

9.3). The platform foot switch must be held down to operate the upper controls.

Figure 9.3 – Platform Foot Switch

2. Hold the appropriate control in the desired direction.

Always look in the direction of movement.

3. To stop movement release the control to its neutral position or release the foot switch.

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 9 – Operation

Driving and Steering

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Do not drive an elevated aerial platform on soft, uneven, or sloping surfaces. Do not drive the machine on grades that exceed 25 percent.

For operation on grades up to 25 percent, it is recommended that the main boom be near horizontal and the jib be elevated just enough to provide adequate ground clearance.

A 25 percent grade is a 30 ″ (0.76 m) vertical rise in 10 ′

(3.05 m) horizontal length.

Avoid driving with the platform over the front end of the chassis. In this position the machine is difficult to control because:

• drive and steer control movements and their resulting machine movements are reversed.

• when driving fast, sudden turns or stops produce more severe reactions to platform occupants.

• more turning space is required to prevent the platform from colliding with obstacles several feet beyond the path of the tires.

Warning

Death or serious injury could result from improperly driving or steering the aerial platform. Read and understand the information in this manual and on the placards and decals on the machine before operating the aerial platform on the job.

The blue and yellow arrows on the chassis indicate the direction the chassis will move when the drive or steer control is moved toward the corresponding color.

When the machine is in the stowed position, with the booms centered between the rear wheels, the direction of drive and steer control movement corresponds with the direction of chassis movement.

When the turntable is rotated from the stowed position, with the booms to either side of or in front of the chassis, the direction of control movement does not correspond with the direction of chassis movement.

• To avoid confusion, always drive to the work area or move between work areas with the turntable and booms in the stowed position.

• After arriving at the work area, the booms may be positioned to the side or the front of the chassis for fi nal positioning.

• Always look in the direction of movement as indicated by the directional arrows on the chassis.

Use the following procedure to operate the drive and steer functions.

1. Determine the desired drive range for the specific driving conditions. Place the switch in the appropriate position to achieve the desired drive wheel operation.

• Use high range (rabbit) when traveling across fi rm, fl at, level surfaces. High range can only be activated when the booms are stowed. High range is for high speed, low torque operation.

• Use low range (turtle) for driving on loading ramps or other steep grades and when safety considerations demand slow deliberate machine movement. Low range is for low speed, high torque operation.

2. Step down on the platform foot switch.

3. Push the drive joystick forward to move the chassis forward, the direction of the blue arrow. Pull the joystick backward to move the chassis backward, the direction of the yellow arrow. The drive speed is proportional to the joystick position.

4. To stop drive motion, return the joystick to neutral.

5. The steer switch is a momentary contact, rocker switch on top of the drive joystick. The switch controls the two front wheels to steer the aerial platform.

• To steer to the right, hold down the right side of the steer switch.

• To steer to the left, hold down the left side of the steer switch.

Note

The steering wheels are not self-centering. Set the steering wheels straight ahead after completing a turn.

6. After driving to the desired location, release the foot switch, or return the drive joystick to neutral to apply the parking brakes.

Drive Speeds

The drive speed is proportional to the joystick position.

The farther the joystick is moved, the faster the travel speed.

Always slow down and shift the drive system to low range before traveling over any sloped surface.

Drive speed ranges are interlocked through limit switches that sense the main and riser boom position.

AB46JE – 0260072 41

Chapter 9 – Operation

• When either boom is elevated or extended, only the slowest drive speed will work regardless of the drive range switch position.

• To avoid a sudden speed change from high to low boom speed, always bring the machine to a stop before raising the booms from the stowed position.

Warning

Do not use the aerial platform if it drives faster than 0.8 miles per hour (50 feet in 42.5 seconds) when any of the booms are out of the stowed position.

All Motion Alarm

The optional all motion alarm sounds loud intermittent beeps anytime the machine functions are being operated.

Gradeability

Gradeability refers to the maximum slope that the aerial platform is capable of travel. Gradeability can be described as “theoretical” or “actual” with the slope, or grade, measured in percent of slope or degree of slope.

Theoretical Gradeability

Theoretical machine gradeability refers to the maximum slope that the machine is capable of travel under perfect, or theoretical, conditions. It is based on mathematical calculation, not practical application.

Some of the factors taken into consideration when calculating theoretical gradeability include:

•

Drive motor ef fi ciency

Machine weight

Machine center of gravity

Tire traction

Tire contact

Condition of slope

The value for theoretical gradeability will most always be high when compared to the actual gradeability value. The perception then is that the machine can climb a steeper slope than is actually practical.

Actual Gradeability

Actual machine gradeability refers to the maximum slope that the machine is capable of travel under practical conditions. It, too, is based on mathematical calculation, but it also takes into account the practical application.

At any given moment when driving the machine on a slope, at least one, if not all, of the factors contributing to achieving theoretical gradeabilty will not be at optimal performance. For example, tire contact may not be the

42 same at each drive wheel or the slope conditions may not be optimal, which would then allow for loss of traction.

The value for actual gradeability will always be lower than the theoretical gradeability value. The perception then is that the machine can not climb a slope as steep as it should.

Percent vs. Degree of Slope

Gradeability is most often referenced as a percentage.

That value is based on a slope angle of 45° representing

100% grade.

Angle indicators, or inclinometers, often measure the angle of the slope in degrees not the percent slope.

Because of that, it may be useful to understand the relationship between percent slope and the degree of the slope angle as shown in Figure 9.4.

Driving on a Slope

The machine should only be driven on a slope or loading ramp in the stowed position with the platform on the downhill side.

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable. Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Do not drive on slopes that exceed

25 percent grade, or where conditions of the slope could cause driving to be hazardous.

Place the drive range switch in the low position before attempting to drive the machine on a slope.

Drive the aerial platform only on slopes, or loading ramps that are within the 25 percent grade capability of the aerial platform.

Calculate the percent grade:

• before attempting to climb an unknown grade.

• if it is believed that there is a malfunction to determine if the slope is within the actual grade capability of the aerial platform.

Calculating Percent Grade

The percent grade equals the height (rise) of the slope divided by the length (run) times 100. Refer to Figure 9.5.

AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 9 – Operation

Length

Height

% of Grade =

Height

Length x 100

Figure 9.5 – Percent Grade Formula

The grade can be measured with an inclinometer or by using a tape measure, a level, and a straight 2x4. If using an inclinometer, refer to the conversion diagram if necessary.

To measure the grade without an inclinometer, use the following procedure.

1. With the 2x4 laying parallel with the slope, lay the level lengthwise on the 2x4.

2. Holding the downhill end, raise the 2x4 until the level indicates that the board is level (refer to Figure

9.6).

Figure 9.6 – Percent Grade Calculation

3. Use the tape measure to measure the distance

(height) from the end of the 2x4 to the ground. Record the height distance.

4. Measure the length of the 2x4 and record this measurement.

5. Use the formula in Figure 9.5 to calculate the percent of the grade.

AB46JE – 0260072

Angle of Slope in Degrees

45°

40°

35°

30°

25°

20°

15°

10°

5°

Figure 9.4 – Slope Percent/Degree Conversion

60%

55%

50%

45%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

100%

95%

90%

85%

80%

75%

70%

65%

Percent of

Grade

Chapter 9 – Operation

Machine Gradeability

The gradeability specification for the aerial platform is listed below.

Gradeability – theoretical........................................30%

Theoretically, when all contributing factors are optimal, the machine can be driven on a slope of 30%. A slope with a percent grade of 30% is a slope with an angle of

16.5 degrees.

Gradeability – actual.................................................25%

An actual gradeability of 25%, indicates that in most normal working conditions the machine can be driven on a slope with an angle of 14.0 degrees.

Electrical Power Outlet

The electrical outlet at the platform has two, 3-prong, 110 volt AC electrical connectors. Their combined output is limited by a 15 amp circuit breaker.

To use the outlet, plug a source of power into the powerinput connector on the right side of the chassis (refer to

Figure 9.7). Unplug the source of power before moving the aerial platform.

Caution

Fluid in the air line may damage some air tools or freeze and damage the line. Drain and blow out the air line after using it to conduct fluids.

Use the following procedure to drain the air line.

1. Close the input connector on the chassis.

2. Open the output connector at the platform.

3. Raise the riser and main booms slightly above horizontal.

4. Open the input connector on the chassis.

5. Allow the fluid to drain from the line.

6. Lower the boom and close both connections.

Figure 9.7 – Power-Input Connector

Air Line

The optional air line may be used to conduct air for tool operation at the platform.

• The input connector is at the rear of the chassis and the output connector is at the platform on the rotator guard.

• The maximum working pressure of the line is 250 psi

(1,723 kPa).

The air line may be used to conduct fluids such as water or antifreeze. Contact Snorkel for compatibility information before using the air line to conduct other fluids.

44 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 10 – Stowing and Transporting

To prevent unauthorized use and damage, properly stow the aerial platform at the end of each work day. It must also be properly stowed while transporting.

Stowing

The properly stowed position is shown in Figure 10.1.

Figure 10.1 – Stowed Position

Use the following procedure to properly stow the aerial platform.

1. Rotate the platform so it is perpendicular to the end of the boom.

2. Fully retract the tip boom and then fully lower the riser and main booms.

3. Fully lower the jib boom to allow for exiting the platform.

4. Center the booms between the rear wheels.

5. Push the lower controls emergency stop button inward. Place the start switch in the off position and remove the key.

6. Turn the battery disconnect switch off.

7. Close and latch the battery trays and cowling covers.

Transporting

The aerial platform may be moved on a transport vehicle.

Depending on the particular situation, the aerial platform may be driven, winched, or hoisted onto a vehicle such as a truck or trailer. Driving is the preferred method.

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Do not drive on ramps that exceed 25 percent grade, or where conditions of the ramp could cause driving to be hazardous.

AB46JE – 0260072

Drive the aerial platform onto the transport vehicle if the ramp incline is within the 25 percent grade capability of the aerial platform.

A 25 percent grade is a 30 ″ (0.76 m) vertical rise in 10 ′

(3.05 m) horizontal length.

Use a winch to load and unload the aerial platform on ramps that exceed the grade capability of the machine.

A winch may also be used when conditions of the ramp could cause driving to be hazardous.

The equipment used to load, unload, and transport the aerial platform must have adequate capacity. Refer to

Chapter 2 to determine the approximate weight of the aerial platform.

The user assumes all responsibility for:

• Choosing the proper method of transportation.

• Choosing the proper selection and use of transportation and tie-down devices.

• Making sure the equipment used is capable of supporting the weight of the aerial platform.

• Making sure all manufacturer’s instructions and warnings, regulations and safety rules of their employer, the DOT and/or any other state or federal law are followed.

Driving

Use the following procedure to drive the aerial platform onto the transport vehicle.

1. Locate the transport vehicle so it is in a straight line with the loading ramp.

2. Chock the vehicle wheels so it cannot roll away from the ramp while the machine is loaded.

3. Remove any unnecessary tools, materials, or other loose objects from the platform.

4. Drive the machine to the foot of the loading ramp with the front wheels nearest the ramp. Make sure the machine is centered with the ramps and that the steering wheels are straight.

5. Rotate the platform so it is perpendicular to the boom.

6. Retract the tip boom and raise the main boom or jib so it is horizontal.

7. Rotate the turntable slightly to the side so you can see the front wheels.

8. Verify that the machine wheels, loading ramps, and transport vehicle are aligned.

Chapter 10 – Stowing and Transporting

Danger

The aerial platform can tip over if it becomes unstable.

Death or serious injury will result from a tip-over accident. Set the drive range to low before driving up or down a grade.

9. Place the drive range switch in the low position.

10. Drive the aerial platform onto the transport vehicle in a straight line through the grade transitions with minimal turning.

11. Rotate the turntable to align the main boom between the rear wheels.

12. When driving down the ramp, always back the machine with the platform on the downhill side only.

Winching

Use the following procedure to winch the aerial platform onto the transport vehicle.

1. Locate the transport vehicle so the aerial platform will not roll forward after it is loaded.

2. Remove any unnecessary tools, materials, or other loose objects from the platform.

3. Drive the machine to the foot of the loading ramp with the front wheels nearest the ramp. Make sure the machine is centered with the ramps and that the steering wheels are straight.

4. Fully retract the booms. Lower the main boom as much as possible making sure there is adequate ground clearance between the platform and the ramp.

5. Attach the winch to the tie-down lugs (refer to Figure

10.2) on the front of the chassis.

Figure 10.2 – Front Tie-Down/Lifting Lugs

6. At each drive wheel, remove the two bolts from the disconnect plate (refer to Figure 10.3). Turn the plate over so the nipple points inward. Reinstall the two bolts.

Figure 10.3 – Drive Wheel

7. Use the winch to position the aerial platform on the transport vehicle.

Warning

The aerial platform is free to move when the drive hubs are disabled. Death or serious injury could result. Re-enable the drive hubs before operating the aerial platform.

8. At each drive wheel, remove the two bolts and return the plate to its original position as shown in Figure

10.3.

9. Start the machine and operate the drive control in forward and reverse several times to engage the drive hubs.

Hoisting

Use a four point sling arrangement attached to the lifting lugs when hoisting the aerial platform. Machine damage can occur if the sling is attached to the booms, turntable, or platform.

Warning

The potential for an accident increases when the aerial platform is lifted using improper equipment and/or lifting techniques. Death or serious injury could result from such accidents. Use proper equipment and lifting techniques when lifting the aerial platform.

Know the weight of the aerial platform and the capacity of the lifting devices before hoisting.

• Lifting devices include the hoist or crane, chains, straps, cables, hooks, sheaves, shackles, slings, and other hardware used to support the machine.

46 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 10 – Stowing and Transporting

• The empty vehicle weight is stamped on the serial number placard and is listed in Chapter 2.

The user assumes all responsibility for:

• Making sure the equipment used is capable of supporting the weight of the aerial platform.

• Making sure all manufacturer’s instructions and warnings, regulations and safety rules of their employer and/or any state or federal law are followed.

Use the following procedure to hoist the aerial platform onto the transport vehicle.

1. Properly stow the aerial platform.

2. Inspect the front lifting lugs (refer to Figure 10.2) and the rear lifting lugs (refer to Figure 10.4) to make sure they are free of cracks and are in good condition.

Have any damage repaired by a qualified service technician before attempting to hoist the machine.

• When using cables, use rigid corner protectors at any point where the cable contacts sharp corners to prevent damaging the cable.

• Careful rigging of the spreaders is required to prevent machine damage.

6. Adjust the length of each chain or strap so the aerial platform remains level when raised off the ground.

7. Use the hoist or crane to carefully raise and position the aerial platform onto the transport vehicle.

Securing for Transport

Use the following procedure to secure the aerial platform on the transport vehicle.

1. Chock the wheels.

2. Remove all personnel, tools, materials, or other loose objects from the platform.

3. Raise the main boom about 1 ′ (0.3m).

4. Place a large wood block under the platform support braces (refer to Figure 9.5). Lower the platform so it rests on the wood block.

Tie-Down Lugs

Figure 10.4 – Rear Tie-Down/Lifting Lugs

3. Remove all personnel, tools, materials, or other loose objects from the platform.

4. Connect the chains or straps to the lifting lugs using bolted shackles. Hooks that fit properly in the lugs and that have latching mechanisms to prevent them from falling out under a slack line condition may also be used.

Do not run the sling cable through the lifting lugs.

• Cable damage and/or failure can result from the cable contacting the sharp corners of the lug.

• There is no effective way of putting a corner protector in the hole of the lifting lug.

5. Use spreader bars of sufficient length to keep the chains, straps, or cables from contacting the turntable, booms, and steer cylinders.

Figure 10.5 – Platform

5. Place the lower controls emergency stop switch in the off position. Turn the start switch to the off position and remove the key.

6. Turn the battery disconnect switch off and close and latch the battery trays and cowing covers.

7. Use wire-ties to fasten the gravity gates to the guardrails to prevent them from bouncing. Also, use wireties to fasten the platform foot switch to the platform floor.

AB46JE – 0260072 47

Chapter 10 – Stowing and Transporting

Caution

Ratchets, winches, and come-alongs may produce enough force to damage machine components. Do not over tighten the straps or chains when securing the aerial platform to the transport vehicle.

8. Use a nylon strap to securely fasten the platform against the wood block. Thread the strap through the tie-down brackets at the front of the platform.

9. Use chains or straps to securely fasten the aerial platform to the transport vehicle using the tie-down lugs as attachment points. Proper tie-down and hauling are the responsibility of the carrier.

48 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 11 – Emergency Operation

If the main hydraulic system fails the aerial platform may be lowered and stowed using the emergency power system.

Emergency Power System

The emergency power system can be used to operate the machine from the lower or upper controls.

Caution

Only use the emergency power system if the main power system fails.

Lower Controls

Use the following procedure to operate the machine using the emergency power system from the lower controls.

1. Place the battery disconnect switch in the on position

(refer to Figure 11.1).

3. Pull the emergency stop button outward.

4. Place the controls switch in the lower control position.

5. Hold the ground operation switch in the on position while holding the emergency power switch in the emergency power position.

6. Hold the appropriate function toggle switch in the desired direction.

Upper Controls

For the upper controls to be operational:

• The battery disconnect switch must be in the on position.

• The start switch at the lower controls must be turned on.

• The emergency stop button at the lower controls must be in the on position.

• The control selector switch at the lower controls must be in the platform position.

Use the following procedure to operate the machine using the emergency power system from the upper controls.

1. Pull the emergency stop button outward (refer to

Figure 11.3).

Figure 11.1 – Battery Disconnect Panel

2. Place the key in the start switch (refer to Figure 11.2) and turn the start switch to the on position.

Figure 11.3 – Upper Controls

2. Step down on the platform foot switch (refer to Figure

11.4).

Figure 11.2 – Lower Controls

AB46JE – 0260072 49

Chapter 11 – Emergency Operation

3. Hold the emergency power switch in the emergency power position.

4. Hold the appropriate function toggle switch in the desired direction.

Figure 11.4 – Platform Foot Switch

50 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 12 – Troubleshooting

The troubleshooting chart may be used to locate and eliminate situations where machine operation may be interrupted. If the problem cannot be corrected with the

Troubleshooting Chart

action listed, stow the machine and remove it from service. Repairs must be made by qualified maintenance personnel.

Symptom

Will not work from lower or upper controls.

Possible Cause

Batteries discharged.

Battery charger plugged in.

The main system circuit breaker on the lower control panel has tripped.

Will not work from lower or upper controls after battery charger is unplugged.

All functions stop working.

Battery disconnect switch is off.

Normal operation after unplugged.

Low fluid level in reservoir.

Corrective Action

Recharge the batteries.

Unplug the battery charger.

Push the main system circuit breaker button back in. If the button pops back out, refer the problem to a qualified service technician.

Turn the battery disconnect switch on.

Wait approximately 60 seconds for the battery charge indicator light to shut off.

Lower controls do not work.

Upper controls do not work.

Motor or pump failure.

Main circuit breaker is tripped.

Electrical system malfunction.

Batteries discharged.

Switches are set wrong.

Platform foot switch not engaged.

Check hydraulic fluid level. Add correct type of fluid if necessary.

Manually stow the machine using the emergency power system.

At the lower controls, push the main circuit breaker button in to reset.

Lower the boom using the emergency power system.

Recharge batteries.

Turn the battery disconnect switch on and then at the lower controls:

• Cycle the start switch to the off then on position.

• Pull emergency stop button outward.

• Place the controls switch in the lower control position.

Turn the battery disconnect switch on and then at the lower controls:

• Cycle the start switch to the off then on position.

• Pull emergency stop button outward.

• Place the controls switch in the upper control position.

From the upper controls:

• Pull the emergency stop button outward.

Step down on platform foot switch while operating controls.

AB46JE – 0260072 51

Chapter 12 – Troubleshooting

Symptom

Battery charge indicator does not indicate a reading when charging batteries.

Possible Cause

No source of power.

Corrective Action

Make sure power source is plugged in and turned on.

Boom functions seem sluggish.

Circuit breaker is tripped.

Hydraulic oil is cold and thick.

Unplug the charger until the internal circuit breaker has reset.

Use cold weather hydraulic oil as recommended for weather conditions. Warm oil before operating the machine.

Turn knob toward fast.

Turntable and main boom functions do not work from the upper controls.

Riser and/or main boom drifts down.

Drive functions will not work.

Drive functions will not work and drive fault light not lit.

Boom speed knob set too slow.

Hydraulic system malfunction.

Load capacity exceeded.

Machine is not on a level surface or too steep of a grade.

Drive hubs are disengaged.

No electrical power to the drive control.

Stow the machine and do not operate until repairs are made.

Remove load from platform. Refer to platform capacity placard for maximum capacity.

Lower the platform and drive to a level surface.

Turn drive wheel disconnect plates around so nipples point outward.

From the lower controls:

• Place the emergency stop switch and the start switch in the on position. Place the controls switch in the platform position.

Drive functions work and drive fault light not lit.

Drive fault light flashes 1, 3, 4,

5, 9 or 10 times.

Machine error.

Light bulb is burnt out.

Machine error.

From the upper controls:

• Pull the emergency stop outward and step down on the foot switch.

Stow the machine and do not operate until repairs are made.

52 AB46JE – 0260072

Chapter 12 – Troubleshooting

Symptom

Drive fault light flashes 2 times.

Drive fault light flashes 6 times.

Possible Cause

Improper start.

Emergency stop in the off position at upper controls.

Corrective Action

From the upper controls:

• Ensure the joystick is in the neutral position and push the emergency stop button inward.

From the lower controls:

• Push the emergency stop button inward and place the start switch to the off position.

• Pull the emergency stop button outward and place the start switch in the on position.

From the upper controls:

• Pull the emergency stop button outward and then step on the platform foot switch.

From the lower controls:

• Push the emergency stop button inward and place the start switch to the off position.

• Pull the emergency stop button outward and place the start switch in the on position.

From the upper controls:

• Pull the emergency stop button outward and then step on the platform foot switch.

Recharge the batteries.

Drive fault light flashes 7 times.

Drive fault light flashes 8 times.

Can not reach maximum drive speed of 3.2 mph (5.1 km/h).

Low battery voltage.

High drive control system temperature.

Booms are not retracted and lowered.

Drive range switch in low (turtle).

Turn the machine off and let it cool before resuming operation.

Fully retract and lower the boom.

Wheels will not turn when winching.

Tilt alarm does not work.

Circuit breaker will not reset.

Drive hubs are engaged.

Booms are stowed.

Electrical circuit has not had time to cool.

Electrical system malfunction.

Place the switch in the high (rabbit) position.

Turn drive wheel disconnect plates around so nipples point inward.

Normal operation. The tilt alarm is operational when the booms are out of the stowed position.

Wait a minute or two for circuit to cool, then push circuit breaker button in to reset.

Stow the machine and do not operate until repairs are made.

AB46JE – 0260072 53

Chapter 12 – Troubleshooting

Symptom

Electrical outlet does not work.

Possible Cause

Power supply not plugged in.

Hydraulic fluid temperature of

200°F (93°C) or more.

GFCI is tripped.

Prolonged boom operation.

Severe hydraulic leak.

Corrective Action

Plug a source of power into the powerinput connector on the wiring box.

Push reset button on outlet.

Stop operation until fluid cools.

High pressure fluid return to reservoir caused by kinked or twisted hose.

Remove the kink or twist from the hose.

Let fluid cool before operating.

Hydraulic system component failure.

Stow the machine and do not operate until repairs are made.

Failure of hose, tube, fitting, seal, etc.

Do not operate machine until repairs are made.

54 AB46JE – 0260072

Appendix A – Glossary aerial platform – a mobile device that has an adjustable position platform, supported from ground level by a structure. ambient temperature – the air temperature of the immediate environment. authorized personnel – personnel approved as assigned to perform specific duties at a specific location.

base – the relevant contact points of the aerial platform that form the stability support (e.g. wheels, casters, outriggers, stabilizers).

battery tray – a compartment that holds the batteries.

boom – a movable cantilever beam which supports the platform.

center of gravity – the point in the aerial platform around which its weight is evenly balanced.

chassis – the integral part of the aerial platform that provides mobility and support for the booms.

fall restraint – a system that is used while working on a boom lift within the boundaries of platform guardrails to provide restraint from being projected upward from the platform. This system includes a harness or belt, lanyard, and a lanyard anchor. Federal OSHA, ANSI, and Snorkel require the use of additional fall protection beyond the platform guardrails on boom supported aerial platforms.

floor or ground pressure – the maximum pressure, expressed in pounds per square inch, a single wheel concentrates on the floor or ground.

gradeability – the maximum slope that the aerial platform is capable of travel.

ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) – a fast-acting circuit breaker that opens to stop electrical circuit flow if it senses a very small current leakage to ground. The GFCI is used to protect personnel against a potential shock hazard from defective electrical tools or wiring.

guardrail system – a vertical barrier around the platform to prevent personnel from falling.

hazardous location – any location that contains, or has the potential to contain, an explosive or flammable atmosphere as defined by ANSI/NFPA

505.

jib – an articulating boom attached to the tip boom which increases the overall boom reach.

l evel sensor – a device that detects a preset degree of variation from perfect level. The level sensor is used to sound an alarm if operating on a slope greater than the preset value.

l ower controls – the controls located at ground level for operating some or all of the functions of the aerial platform.

main boom – a boom assembly located between the riser and the jib.

manufacturer – a person or entity who makes, builds or produces an aerial platform.

maximum travel height – the maximum platform height or the most adverse configuration(s) with respect to stability in which travel is permitted by the manufacturer.

maximum wheel load – the load or weight that can be transmitted through a single wheel to the floor or ground.

Minimum Safe Approach Distance – the minimum safe distance that electrical conductors may be approached when using the aerial platform.

Also called M.S.A.D.

operation – the performance of any aerial platform functions within the scope of its specifications and in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, the users work rules, and all applicable governmental regulations.

operator – a qualified person who controls the movement of an aerial platform.

personal fall arrest system – a fall protection system that is used while working on an unprotected edge (such as a roof top with no guardrail). This system includes a harness, lanyard or other connecting device, a fall arrestor, an energy absorber or decelerator, an anchorage connector, and a secure anchorage such as a building beam, girders or columns. An aerial platform is not a fall arrest anchorage.

platform – the portion of an aerial platform intended to be occupied by personnel with their tools and materials.

platform height – the vertical distance measured from the floor of the platform to the surface upon which the chassis is being supported.

prestart inspection – a required safety inspection routine that is performed daily before operating the aerial platform.

qualified person – a person, who by reason of knowledge, experience, or training is familiar with the operation to be performed and the hazards involved.

rated work load – the designed carrying capacity of the aerial platform as specified by the manufacturer.

riser – the structure that connects the riser boom to the main boom.

riser boom – an articulating boom section. The riser boom is between the turntable and the main boom.

stow – to place a component, such as the platform, in its rest position.

tip boom – a telescopic boom section that extends and retracts from within the main boom. The tip boom is nearest the platform.

turning radius – the radius of the circle created by the wheel during a 360° turn with the steering wheels turned to maximum. Inside turning radius is the wheel closest to the center and outside turning radius is the wheel farthest from the center.

turntable – the structure above the rotation bearing which supports the booms. The turntable rotates about the centerline of rotation.

unrestricted rated work load – the maximum designed carrying capacity of the aerial platform allowed by the manufacturer in all operating configurations.

upper controls – the controls located on or beside the platform used for operating some or all of the functions of the aerial platform.

wheelbase – the distance from the center of the rear wheel to the center of the front wheel.

working envelope – the area defined by the horizontal and vertical limits of boom travel that the platform may be positioned in.

working height – platform height plus six feet.

AB46JE – 0260072

Appendix A – Glossary

AB46JE – 0260072

LIMITED WARRANTY

Snorkel warrants each new machine manufactured and sold by it to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from date of delivery to a Customer or for one year after the machine has been placed in first service in a Dealer rental fleet, whichever comes first. Any part or parts which, upon examination by the Snorkel Service Department, are found to be defective, will be replaced or repaired, at the sole discretion of Snorkel, through its local Authorized Dealer at no charge.

Snorkel further warrants the structural components; specifically, the mainframe chassis, turntable, booms and scissor arms, of each new machine manufactured by it to be free from defects in material and workmanship for an additional period of four (4) years. Any such part or parts which, upon examination by the Snorkel Service Department, are found to be defective will be replaced or repaired by Snorkel through its local Authorized Dealer at no charge; however, any labor charges incurred as a result of such replacement or repair will be the responsibility of the Customer or Dealer.

The Snorkel Service Department must be notified within forty-eight (48) hours of any possible warranty situation during the applicable warranty period. Personnel performing warranty repair or replacement must obtain specific approval by Snorkel Service Department prior to performing any warranty repair or replacement.

Customer and Dealer shall not be entitled to the benefits of this warranty and Snorkel shall have no obligations hereunder unless the

“Pre-Delivery and Inspection Report” has been properly completed and returned to the Snorkel Service Department within ten (10) days after delivery of the Snorkel product to Customer or Dealer’s rental fleet. Snorkel must be notified, in writing, within ten (10) days, of any machine sold to a Customer from a Dealer’s rental fleet during the warranty period.

At the direction of the Snorkel Service Department, any component part(s) of Snorkel products to be replaced or repaired under this warranty program must be returned freight prepaid to the Snorkel Service Department for inspection. All warranty replacement parts will be shipped freight prepaid (standard ground) from the Snorkel Service Department or from Snorkel’s Vendor to Dealer or

Customer.

REPLACEMENT PARTS WARRANTY

Any replacement or service part made or sold by Snorkel is not subject to the preceding Limited Warranty beyond the normal warranty period of the machine upon which the part was installed.

THIS WARRANTY EXCLUDES AND SNORKEL DOES NOT WARRANT:

1. Engines, motors, tires and batteries which are manufactured by suppliers to Snorkel, who furnish their own warranty. Snorkel will, however, to the extent permitted, pass through any such warranty protection to the Customer or Dealer.

2. Any Snorkel product which has been modified or altered outside Snorkel’s factory without Snorkel’s written approval, if such modification or alteration, in the sole judgment of Snorkel’s Engineering and/or Service Departments, adversely affects the stability, reliability or service life of the Snorkel product or any component thereof.

3. Any Snorkel product which has been subject to misuse, improper maintenance or accident. “Misuse” includes but is not limited to operation beyond the factory-rated load capacity and speeds. “Improper maintenance” includes but is not limited to failure to follow the recommendations contained in the Snorkel Operation, Maintenance, Repair Parts Manuals. Snorkel is not responsible for normal maintenance, service adjustments and replacements, including but not limited to hydraulic fluid, filters and lubrication.

4. Normal wear of any Snorkel component part(s). Normal wear of component parts may vary with the type application or type of environment in which the machine may be used; such as, but not limited to sandblasting applications.

5. Any Snorkel product that has come in direct contact with any chemical or abrasive material.

6. Incidental or consequential expenses, losses, or damages related to any part or equipment failure, including but not limited to freight cost to transport the machine to a repair facility, downtime of the machine, lost time for workers, lost orders, lost rental revenue, lost profits or increased cost.

This warranty is expressly in lieu of all other warranties, representations or liabilities of Snorkel, either expressed or implied, unless otherwise amended in writing by Snorkel’s President, Vice President-Engineering, Vice President-Sales or Vice President-Marketing.

SNORKEL MAKES NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE DESCRIPTION OF THIS LIMITED WARRANTY. SNORKEL

MAKES NO IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND DISCLAIMS ALL

LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INJURY TO PERSONS

OR PROPERTY.

The Customer shall make all warranty claims through its local Authorized Dealer and should contact the Dealer from whom the

Snorkel product was purchased for warranty service. Or, if unable to contact the Dealer, contact the Snorkel Service Department for further assistance.

Effective July 1995