User Manual

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35

User Manual

BLACK BOX

®

MT1500A

Customer

Support

Information

Order toll-free in the U.S.: Call 877-877-BBOX (outside U.S. call 724-746-5500)

FREE technical support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week: Call 724-746-5500 or fax 724-746-0746

Mailing address: Black Box Corporation, 1000 Park Drive, Lawrence, PA 15055-1018

Web site: www.blackbox.com • E-mail: [email protected]

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Trademarks Used in this Manual

Black Box and the Double Diamond logo are registered trademarks of BB Technologies, Inc.

Any other trademarks mentioned in this manual are acknowledged to be the property of the trademark owners.

Page 2

We‘re here to help! If you have any questions about your application or our products, contact Black Box Tech Support at 724-746-5500 or go to blackbox.com and click on “Talk to Black Box.”

You’ll be live with one of our technical experts in less than 60 seconds.

724-746-5500 | blackbox.com


Table of Contents

FCC and NOM Information .........................................................................................................................................................4

Safety Requirements ...................................................................................................................................................................8

1. Product Description .............................................................................................................................................................10

1.1 Description ..................................................................................................................................................................10

1.2 Applications .................................................................................................................................................................10

2. Installation ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13

2.1 Unpacking ................................................................................................................................................................... 13

2.2 Site Selection ............................................................................................................................................................... 14

2.3 Mechanical and Electrical Installation .......................................................................................................................... 14

2.3.1 Mechanical Installation ....................................................................................................................................... 14

2.3.2 Electrical Installation ........................................................................................................................................... 15

2.4 Configuration Setting .................................................................................................................................................. 17

2.4.1 Hardware Configuraiton Setting ......................................................................................................................... 17

2.4.2 Software Configuration Setting.......................................................................................................................... 17

3. Operation ............................................................................................................................................................................ 19

3.1 Quick Start for T1/FT1 CSU/DSU ................................................................................................................................. 19

3.1.1 Power On ............................................................................................................................................................ 19

3.1.2 Return to Default Setting .................................................................................................................................... 19

3.2 Using Terminal Setup ................................................................................................................................................... 19

3.2.1 Review of Default Settings.................................................................................................................................20

3.3 System Operation ........................................................................................................................................................ 21

3.3.1 Date ...................................................................................................................................................................21

3.3.2 System Clock ..................................................................................................................................................... 21

3.3.3 Console Port ..................................................................................................................................................... 21

3.3.4 Security System ................................................................................................................................................. 21

3.3.5 Configuration ....................................................................................................................................................22

3.4 DS0 Channel Map .......................................................................................................................................................22

3.5 T1 Network Line Configuration ....................................................................................................................................22

3.5.1 Frame Format Mode ..........................................................................................................................................22

3.5.2 Line Code Mode ...............................................................................................................................................22

3.5.3 Line Build Out ...................................................................................................................................................22

3.5.4 Density ..............................................................................................................................................................23

3.5.5 Yellow Alarm .....................................................................................................................................................23

3.5.6 Facility Data Link ................................................................................................................................................23

3.5.7 Inband Signaling ................................................................................................................................................23

3.5.8 Idle Code ............................................................................................................................................................23

3.6 DTE Configuration .......................................................................................................................................................24

3.6.1 Speed ................................................................................................................................................................24

3.6.2 Request to Send (RTS) .......................................................................................................................................24

3.6.3 Remote Loop.....................................................................................................................................................24

3.6.4 DTE Interface Type ............................................................................................................................................24

3.7 System Clock ...............................................................................................................................................................24

3.8 Alarms and Indicators ..................................................................................................................................................25

3.8.1 Alarrns ...............................................................................................................................................................25

3.8.2 Indicators ..........................................................................................................................................................25


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3.9 Performance Registers .................................................................................................................................................26

3.9.1 ES — Errored Seconds .......................................................................................................................................26

3.9.2 BES — Bursty Errored Seconds ..........................................................................................................................27

3.9.3 SES — Severely Errored Seconds .......................................................................................................................27

3.9.4 UAS — UnAvailable Seconds ............................................................................................................................27

3.9.5 Time in Interval ..................................................................................................................................................27

3.9.6 Number of Valid Intervals ..................................................................................................................................27

3.9.7 Performance Register Intervals ...........................................................................................................................27

3.10 Event Log ....................................................................................................................................................................28

3.11 System Utilities ............................................................................................................................................................28

3.11.1 Set System Date ...............................................................................................................................................29

3.11.2 Enter Unit Identification Number .....................................................................................................................29

3.11.3 Clear System Configuration ..............................................................................................................................29

3.11.4 Enter New Password ........................................................................................................................................29

3.11.5 Enable/Disable Security ....................................................................................................................................30

3.12 LED Operation .............................................................................................................................................................30

4. Maintenance ......................................................................................................................................................................32

4.1 System Initialization .....................................................................................................................................................32

4.2 Near-End Loopback .....................................................................................................................................................32

4.2.1 CSU Loopback ...................................................................................................................................................32

4.2.2 Network interface Local Loopback — NI LLB ....................................................................................................32

4.2.3 Payload Loopback .............................................................................................................................................33

4.2.4 DTE Local Loopback ..........................................................................................................................................33

4.3 Far-End Loopback ........................................................................................................................................................33

4.3.1 Remote Line Loopback (REM LN/LP) .................................................................................................................34

4.3.2 Remote Payload Loopback (REM PAYLD) ..........................................................................................................34

4.3.3 Remote DTE Loopback (REM DTE/LP) ...............................................................................................................34

4.4 Verifying T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Operations ........................................................................................................................34

4.4.1 Quick Test ..........................................................................................................................................................35

4.4.2 Substitution .......................................................................................................................................................35

5. Console Operations .............................................................................................................................................................36

5.1 System Configuration ..................................................................................................................................................36

5.1.1 DS0 Map .............................................................................................................................................................37

5.2 System Diagnostics ......................................................................................................................................................38

5.3 System Alarms and Indicators ......................................................................................................................................38

5.4 Performance Registers .................................................................................................................................................39

5.5 Event Log .................................................................................................................................................................... 41

5.6 System Utilities ............................................................................................................................................................ 41

5.6.1 Set System Time ................................................................................................................................................42

5.6.2 Set System Date ................................................................................................................................................43

5.6.3 Enter Unit Identification Number .......................................................................................................................43

5.6.4 Clear System Configuration ...............................................................................................................................44

5.6.5 Enter New Password .........................................................................................................................................44

5.6.6 Enable/Disable Security .....................................................................................................................................45

Appendix A. PRBS (Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence) ..................................................................................................................46

Appendix B. Menu Tree ............................................................................................................................................................47

Appendix C. Glossary of Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................... 51

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Federal Communications Commission and Industry Canada Radio Frequency Interference

Statements

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy, and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause inter ference to radio communication. It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart B of Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emis sion from digital apparatus set out in the Radio

Interference Regulation of Industry Canada.

Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique publié par Industrie Canada.


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Instrucciones de Seguridad

(Normas Oficiales Mexicanas Electrical Safety Statement)

1. Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser leídas antes de que el aparato eléctrico sea operado.

2. Las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser guardadas para referencia futura.

3. Todas las advertencias en el aparato eléctrico y en sus instrucciones de operación deben ser respetadas.

4. Todas las instrucciones de operación y uso deben ser seguidas.

5. El aparato eléctrico no deberá ser usado cerca del agua—por ejemplo, cerca de la tina de baño, lavabo, sótano mojado o cerca de una alberca, etc.

6. El aparato eléctrico debe ser usado únicamente con carritos o pedestales que sean recomendados por el fabricante.

7. El aparato eléctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al techo sólo como sea recomendado por el fabricante.

8. Servicio—El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al equipo eléctrico más allá a lo descrito en las instrucciones de operación.

Todo otro servicio deberá ser referido a personal de servicio calificado.

9. El aparato eléctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que su posición no interfiera su uso. La colocación del aparato eléctrico sobre una cama, sofá, alfombra o superficie similar puede bloquea la ventilación, no se debe colocar en libreros o gabinetes que impidan el flujo de aire por los orificios de ventilación.

10. El equipo eléctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance de fuentes de calor como radiadores, registros de calor, estufas u otros aparatos (incluyendo amplificadores) que producen calor.

11. El aparato eléctrico deberá ser connectado a una fuente de poder sólo del tipo descrito en el instructivo de operación, o como se indique en el aparato.

12. Precaución debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica y la polarización del equipo no sea eliminada.

13. Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal manera que no sean pisados ni pellizcados por objetos colocados sobre o contra ellos, poniendo particular atención a los contactos y receptáculos donde salen del aparato.

14. El equipo eléctrico debe ser limpiado únicamente de acuerdo a las recomendaciones del fabricante.

15. En caso de existir, una antena externa deberá ser localizada lejos de las lineas de energia.

16. El cable de corriente deberá ser desconectado del cuando el equipo no sea usado por un largo periodo de tiempo.

17. Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos liquidos no sean derramados sobre la cubierta u orificios de ventilación.

18. Servicio por personal calificado deberá ser provisto cuando:

A: El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido dañado; u

B: Objectos han caído o líquido ha sido derramado dentro del aparato; o

C: El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia; o

D: El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un cambio en su desempeño; o

E: El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido dañada.

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T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 registration number and REN are as follows:

FCC 68 Registration Number: 1U5USA-33109-DE-N

REN: 0.0B

FACILITY INTERFACE CODE FOR DIGITAL SERVICES

CODE DESCRIPTION

04DU9-BN 1.544 Mbps Superframe Format (SF) without line power.

04DU9-DN 1.544 Mbps SF and B8ZS without line power.

04DU9-1KN 1.544 Mbps ANSI ESF without line power.

04DU9-1SN 1.544 Mbps ANSI ESF and B8ZS without line power.

SERVICE ORDER CODES FOR DIGITAL SERVICES

CODE

6.0N

DESCRIPTION

Does not provide billing and encoded analog protection. Uses either an integrated or external CSU. Affidavit to telco is required.

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU connects to the network using an RJ-48 connector.

If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. If advance notice isn't practical, the Telephone Company will notify the customer as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to file a compliant with the FCC if you believe it is necessary. The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that could affect the operation of the equipment.

If this happens, the Telephone Company will provide advance notice in order for you to make the necessary modifications in order to maintain uninterrupted service.

Normally, this equipment will be used in conjunction with FCC registered equipment that limits the Encoded Analog Content and provides the required Billing Protection. If the connected equipment is not of this type, an affidavit must be supplied to the telephone company where the network connection is to be made. The affidavit is to be notarized, and is to be filed at least ten days before the initial connection.

If you have trouble with this equipment, please contact Black Box Tech Support for repair and warranty information. If the trouble is causing harm to the telephone network, the Telephone Company may request you remove the equipment from the network until the problem is resolved.

This equipment cannot be used on telephone company-provided coin service.

Connection to Party Line Service is subject to state tariffs.

Black Box Corporation

Phone: 724-746-5500

Email: [email protected]

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T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 – USER GUIDE

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Safety Requirements

CAUTION: a. Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm. b. Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for wet locations. c. Never touch un-insulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line has been disconnected at the network interface. d. Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.

Refer to the installation chapter in this manual for a safe and proper installation procedure. All wiring external to this equipment should follow the current provision of the

National Electrical Code.

National Electrical Code Requirements

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, including this equipment, is in compliance with CSA NRTLC

1950 Third Edition and as such, UL 1950. The CSA control number for the T1/FT1

CSU/DSU is LR113152.

DOC CS-03 Requirements

NOTICE: The Canadian Department of Communications label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective, operational and safety requirements. The

Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user's satisfaction.

Before installing this equipment, user should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection. In some cases, the company's inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly (telephone extension cord). The customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.

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Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs or alternations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.

User should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility, telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.

Caution: User should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.

The Load Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop that is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Number of all the devices does not exceed 100.

Standard Lists

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU is designed to meet the following standards:

•

AT&T 62411, AT&T 54016, ANSI T1.403

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1.0 Product Description

1.1

Description

The T1/FT1 is a standalone intelligent Fractional T1 Channel Service Unit and

Data Service Unit (CSU/DSU). This product family provides a T1 network interface, DS0 channel multiplexing, and direct connections to data and video

DTE (Data Terminal Equipment).

Table 1-1. T1 Spartan T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Product Family

Model

T1/FT1

CSU/DSU

NI (Network Interface) Physical

100 ohm Twisted Pair

T1

Stand-Alone

– One Port

DTE Port

V.35 / M34

EIA530 / M34

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU can be configured via the local terminal (RS-232/VT-100) control interface.

1.2

Applications

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU application examples are illustrated in F igures

1-2 through 1-5. Via DACS (Digital Access Cross-Connect System), the T1/FT1 interfaces various applications such as LAN (Local Area Network) to WAN

(Wide Area Network) communications, host to workstation communications, and video conferencing. This allows the user to integrate different applications into a single communication link using only part of the available bandwidth.

Furthermore, this allows the user to expand bandwidth, up to 24 DS0 channels, on demand without additional physical links because they are already available. Data and video applications may include equipment such as video conferencing, bridge, router, gateway, workstation, host computer, and various high-speed data terminal equipment.

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Figure 1-1. Application Illustration -1


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2.0 Installation

CAUTION:

• Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm.

• Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for wet locations.

• Never touch un-insulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line has been disconnected at the network interface.

• Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.

2.1

Unpacking

This product is shipped in a complete package, which contains the T1/FT1

CSU/DSU and accessories. Check the shipping material against Table 2-1,

Shipping Material List.

Table 2-1. Shipping Material List

Description

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU (120 ohm)

Item

∗

∗ items vary depending on the order

Part Number

MT1500A

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU options

User's Manual

Power Cord with External Transformer

Cable: V.35/M35 male to V.35/M34 male (DTE Interface)

Included

Included

Cable: RJ48C to RJ48C (T1 NI Interface) Included

Cable: DB9 to DB25 (Console - Serial) Special Order

Special Order

Inspect the unit for any signs of damage. Report any damage to the carrier and contact Black Box Technical Support at 724-746-5500 or [email protected]. Retain all packaging material in case you need to move or ship the unit in the future.

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2.2

Site Selection

Follow the guidelines listed below when selecting the installation site.

• The installation site should have an AC power receptacle.

• The following are the maximum suggested cable lengths:

• V.35 15 m (50 ft,)

• EIA530 15 m (50 ft.)

NOTE: If longer distance is needed, a lower than maximum speed with proper cabling and grounding is advisable. For more information, contact Black Box

Technical Support at 724-746-5500 or [email protected]

.

•

The installation site should provide space for adequate ventilation and cable routing. Reserve at least 12 cm (5 inches) at the rear of the unit for cables and airflow.

•

The site should provide a stable environment. The operating area should be clean and free from extremes of temperature, humidity, shock and vibration.

•

Relative humidity should stay between 0 and 95%. Do not operate the unit at an altitude greater than 3000 meters (10,000 feet).

2.3

Mechanical and Electrical Installation

2.3.1 Mechanical Installation

Figure 2-1. T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Front Panel View

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Stand-Alone version is a desktop unit, which is stackable. The front panel is shown in Figure 2-1, and the rear panel is shown in Figure 2-2.

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Figure 2-2. T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Rear Panel

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2.3.2 Electrical Installation

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Stand-Alone version is AC powered. Use the rear right power connector to connect to an AC power outlet using the inline power transformer and cord provided.

The console port is the DB9 connector. For this interface the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU is configured as a DCE device. This port may be connected directly to a DTE device. Pin definitions and pin connections are listed in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2. DB9 Console – Serial Port

Pin Number Signal

1

2

3

4

5

6

Unassigned

Receive Data

Transmit Data

Data Terminal Ready

Ground

Data Set Ready

7

8

9

Request To Send

Clear To Send

Unassigned

Source

DTE

DCE

DTE

DCE-DTE

DCE

DTE

DCE

Table 2-3. RJ-48 Line Connector

Pin Number Signal Signal Direction

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Receive Ring

Receive Tip

Unassigned

Transmit Ring

Transmit Tip

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

From T1 Network

From T1 Network

To T1 Network

To T1 Network


15


The DTE port is configured as a DCE device. All available signaling appears on an M34 connector. There are 3 different interfaces supported from the M34 connector. Signaling Interfaces: V.35/M34 and EIA530/M34. The T1 Spartan automatically recognizes each signaling convention and requires NO menu selection or manipulation. Appropriate conversion cables are available from ATL for EIA530 connections. Pin definitions are defined in Tables 2-4 to 2-5.

Table 2-4. V.35/M34 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Sourc e

CC

DD

EE

FF

HH

JJ

KK

LL

MM

NN

Y

Z

AA

BB

U

V

W

X

P

R

S

T

K

L

M

N

E

F

H

J

A

B

C

D

Cable Shield

Signa l

Signal Ground

Request To Send

Clear To Send

Data Set Ready

Data Carrier Detect

Data Terminal Ready

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Transmit Data

Receive Data

Transmit Data Return

Receive Data Return

External Clock

Receive Clock

External Clock Return

Receive Clock Return

Transmit Clock

Unassigned

Transmit Clock Return

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

Unassigned

DTE

DCE

DCE

DCE

DTE

DTE

DCE

DTE

DCE

DTE

DCE

DTE

DCE

DCE

DCE

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Table 2-5. EIA530/DB25 DTE Port Pin Definition

Pin Number Sourc e

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

2

3

4

Cable Shield

Signa l

Transmit Data

Receive Data

Request To Send

Clear To Send

Data Set Ready

Signal Ground

Data Carrier Detect

Receive Clock Return

Data Carrier Detect Return

External Clock Return

Transmit Clock Return

Clear To Send Return

Transmit Data Return

Transmit Clock

Receive Data Return

Receive Clock

Local Loopback

Request To Send Return

Data Terminal Ready

Remote Loopback

Data Set Ready Return

Data Terminal Ready Return

External Clock

Test Mode

DTE

DCE

DTE

DCE

DCE

DCE

DCE

DCE

DTE

DTE

DTE

DTE

DCE

DCE

DCE

DTE

DCE

DCE

DTE

DCE

DTE

DTE

DCE

2.4

Configuration Setting

2.4.1 Hardware Configuration Setting

All configurations are software programmable. No DIP switches are available.

Users should not open the case.

2.4.2 Software Configuration Setting

There is a single configuration that is maintained for the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU in battery-backed-up random access memory, or non-volatile memory.

The factory default configuration is not changeable. Each T1/FT1 CSU/DSU is shipped with the factory default configuration.

The current configuration can be changed at any time. The system automatically stores the current configuration into non-volatile memory.

When the system is turned off and then turned back on again, the previous configuration is retrieved as the current configuration.

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The factory default configuration may be set into the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU at any time by using the Utility routine, “Clear System Configuration” from the console terminal interface. Table 2-7 lists all factory defaults (below).

Table 2-6. Default Software Configuration

Default T1 Network Interface

Framing

Line Code

LBO

Network Diagnostics

Density

Yellow Alarm

ESF Format

Clear Registers (Statistics)

Timing Source

ESF

B8ZS

0 db

No

Clear

Off

54016

Yes

Default

Source

Serial Port (DTE)

Rate

RTS

Clocks (Source)

Remote Loop (Enabled)

Network Interface (NI)

Default

64K * N

Constant

Line

Yes

DS0 Map

All Channels

Console Port

Port Speed

Data Bits

Parity

XON-XOFF Flow Control

Security

Enabled/Disabled

Password

Miscellaneous

All Loops

All Bert Functions

Event Log

ESF Statistics

Date/Time

Software Version

DTE Port

9600 bps

8

None

No

Disabled

Default

Off

Off

Cleared

Cleared

Unchanged

Unchanged

Default

Default

Default

Default

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3.0 Operation

This chapter describes the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU configuration options and operational functions. The user should refer to Chapter 5: Front Panel

Operation and Chapter 6: Terminal Operation for detailed operational procedures.

3.1

Quick Start for T1/FT1 CSU/DSU

After installation, the user may want to become familiar with the equipment immediately. The following abbreviated instructions will give the user a quick start.

3.1.1 Power On

Connect power by attaching the power/transformer cable at the rear of the unit. LEDs will then cycle through.

3.1.2 Return to Default Setting

The unit is shipped with factory default settings.

To restore the factory settings in the future, use the main menu Utility routine –

“Clear System Configuration”. See Section 2 for factory default values that are restored.

3.2

Using Terminal Setup

To use an RS-232 interface to configure the unit, connect a VT-100 terminal to the DB9/RS-232 connector using a DB9–DB25 cable. The VT-100 terminal can be a PC running VT-100 emulation software. The DB9–DB25 configures the console port as a DCE. Thus a null modem plug or cable is not required for direct connection to a VT-100 (DTE device).

As soon as the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU detects the presence of Data Terminal

Ready (DTR) it will output an initial screen. Normal operation of the terminal/T1 will show the following leads active: Pin 2 – DTE/TX, Pin 3 –

DTE/RX, Pin 4 – DTE/RTS, Pin 5 – DCE/CTS, Pin 6 – DCE/DSR, Pin 7 –

DTE/DCE Ground, Pin 8 – DCE/CD, Pin 20 – DTE/DTR. Should the terminal interface fail to operate, carefully check the above leads.

If “Security” is enabled, the initial screen will be a request for a password. If

“Security” is disabled, the initial screen will be the ATL MAIN MENU screen.

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3.2.1 Review of Default Settings

The MAIN MENU allows the user to enter any of the subsystems of the T1

Spartan: System Configuration, System Diagnostics, System Alarms and

Indicators, Performance Registers, Event Log, and System Utilities. The following keys provide for a means to traverse the menu system: Cursor Up =

[Up Arrow], Cursor Down [Down Arrow], Select Entry/Go Down In Menu =

[ENTER], Go Up In Menu = [ESC twice]. On the MAIN MENU screen is also displayed the model number of the T1 Spartan, the Software version, the current Date and Time, the Unit ID, and the current System Status. PRESS

ENTER TO VIEW THE SYSTEM CONFIGURATION SCREEN.

3.1.2.1 Line

Use “Up Arrow” and “Down Arrow” keys to select any Line parameter that requires changing. Use “Right Arrow” to change to a desired parameter.

3.1.2.2 Serial Port – DTE

Use “Up Arrow” and “Down Arrow” keys to select any Serial Port parameter that requires changing. Use “Right Arrow” to change to a desired parameter.

3.1.2.3 System Clock

Use “Up Arrow” and “Down Arrow” to select the System Clock parameter which requires changing. Use “Right Arrow” to change to a desired parameter.

3.1.2.4 DS0-Map Setup

Press “ENTER” to go to the DS0-Map menu. Use “Up Arrow” and “Down

Arrow” keys to select the DS0 channel (S) you wish to modify. Use “Right

Arrow” to change to a desired parameter. Press “ESC” twice when all changes have been made. Press “ESC” twice, again, to return to the MAIN MENU.

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3.3

System Operation

3.3.1 Date

This product is equipped with a RTC (Real Time Clock). The user can change the current date and time as required. The RTC is activated by the manufacturer before shipping. This is to save RTC battery life. The RTC battery has a 10-year power off life cycle.

3.3.2 System Clock

This product has a system clock PLL (Phase Lock Loop) which may be phase locked to the T1 line or the internal oscillator clock of the T1 Spartan. The

T1 line signal and the internal clock of the T1 Spartan are all 1.544 Mbps. The default system clock is derived from the T1 line signal often referred to as the

Network Interface or NI for short.

3.3.3 Console Port

The console port allows the user to use a local VT-100 terminal via a

DB9/RS232 cable connection for system configuration, diagnostics, utilities, etc.

The console port must be set to a proper operational mode. The default console port baud rate, data bit length, parity bit length, and XON-XOFF flow control are set as shown in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1. Console Port Default Setting

Item Options Default

Baud Rate

Data Bit

Parity Bit

XON-XOFF

9600

8

NONE

OFF

9600

8

NONE

OFF

3.3.4 Security System

The terminal is used to read events, system configurations, diagnostics, and system status. It can also be used to change system configurations and clear the event log, etc. By enabling the security system, the user may restrict terminal access to users who know the password stored in the system. The default password stored in the T1/ F T 1 C S U / D S U prior to factory shipment is “Default”. Once the Security System is enabled, the user may enter any new password into the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU after providing the old password.

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•

Password and Security System options are disabled by default.

•

The default terminal access password is default.

3.3.5 Configuration

The system automatically saves the current configuration into non-volatile memory. The configuration is thus available each time the unit is powered up.

After a power cycle, the current configuration is retrieved and used by the

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU.

3.4

DS0 Channel Map

DS0 channel multiplexing is done by the DS0-MAP command. A map contains

24 DS0 channels where a single DS0 channel can be assigned to a DTE port or not used. An idle code is transmitted on all unused channels.

3.5 T1 Network Line Configuration

A detailed option list of the T1 line configuration parameters is in Table 3-2.

The following paragraphs will describe each item.

3.5.1

Frame Format Mode

This equipment can be used as a T1/FT1 D4 or ESF frame format DS1 network interface. In ESF frame format mode, the user can choose either AT&T or ANSI facility data link protocol. ESF & T1.403 chooses ANSI ESF data link protocol and a performance report will be sent to the network every second automatically.

Also, ANSI and AT&T data link messages are acceptable in ANSI ESF frame format mode. However, AT&T ESF frame format mode only accepts AT&T ESF data link protocol.

3.5.2 Line Code Mode

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU can be used in AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) or B8ZS

(Bipolar Eight Zero Substitution) line code format.

3.5.3 Line Build Out

The T1 line long haul transmit LBO can be programmed to 0 dB, -7.5 dB, -15 dB, or –22 dB relative to the DS1 transmit level.

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3.5.4 Density

The 1’s density of the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU may be set to either “Clear” or “62411”.

The “Clear” parameter selection causes the T1 Spartan to make no modifications to the 1’s density of the T1 bit stream. This is sufficient for the line code format that is B8ZS, since B8ZS guarantees a sufficient 1’s density. For a line code mode of AMI, the user may wish to select "62411” which will guarantee a sufficient 1’s density.

3.5.5 Yellow Alarm

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU transmits a yellow alarm when LOS (Loss of Signal) is detected, AIS (Alarm Indication Signal), is detected, or OOF (Out of Frame) is detected for 2.5 +0.5 seconds. Users may disable this feature by setting Yellow

Alm to “Off”.

3.5.6 Facility Data Link

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU uses a proprietary facility data link to initiate remote system control, performance and statistics monitoring. In addition, the facility data link is also used to cause proprietary loop backs in a remote T1 Spartan unit.

3.5.7 Inband Signaling

Using T1 D4 framing format and ESF, (both ESF and ESF &T1.403), an inband loopback recognition is used to activate remote loopback operation. This is primarily done by a circuit provider who is testing a circuit.

3.5.8 Idle Code

Any DS0 channel, which is not assigned to a DTE port, is an idle channel. An idle code is transmitted on the idle DS0 channels. The idle code is set to FFh by the T1 Spartan and may not be modified by the user. The idle code is inserted into unused channels after any data inversion, if activated.

Table 3-2. T1 Line Default Setting

Item

Frame Format Mode

Line Code

Line Build Out

Density

Network Diagnostics

Yellow Alarm

ESF Format

B8ZS, AMI

0, 7.5, 15, 22 dB

Clear, 62411

No, Yes

Off, On

54016, T1.403

Option Default

ESF

B8ZS

0 dB

Clear

No

Off

54016

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3.6 DTE Configuration (Serial Port)

This product is equipped with one port. The information provided is specific to the Serial Port of the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU. A detailed option list of DTE configuration parameters is in Table 3-3, and the following paragraphs describe each parameter.

3.6.1 Speed

The DTE port can operate at 56KxN or 64KxN bps, (N is 1 to 24). Use the

Speed selection parameter to select 56K or 64K. Use DS0 MAP selection parameters to select the activity of the DS0 channels that the DTE port contains.

3.6.2 Request to Send (RTS)

The DTE facility can use RTS (Request To Send) to control transmission.

When RTS is “External” and in the OFF state, all ones are sent to the T1 line side on the DTE port associated with the DS0 channels. When RTS is

“Constant”, the RTS signal is ignored and forced ON permanently.

3.6.3 Remote Loop

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU is either enabled or disabled to receive a proprietary remote loop command from a T1/FT1 CSU/DSU connected to the other end of a circuit.

3.6.4 DTE Interface Type

The DTE Serial Port interface type can be V.35 or EIA530. The CSU/DSU automatically senses which interface is present. The user is not required to make any configuration changes. The physical port is a M.34 (female) pinned as a V.35, requiring a cable conversion to EIA-530 (DB-25).

Table 3-3. DTE Serial Port Default Setting

Item Option Default

Speed

Request To Send (RTS) Constant, External

Remote Loop Enabled, Disabled

56K x N

Constant

Enabled

3.7 System Clock

The system clock source may be any of two sources: the Network Interface (NI) or the Internal Oscillator (INT – T1/FT1 CSU/DSU internal oscillator). The default is shown in Table 3-5.

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Item

System Clock

Table 3-4. System Clock Default Setting

NI, INT

Option s

3.8 Alarms and Indicators

3.8.1 Alarms

Default

NI

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU has many types of alarms as listed in Table 3-5. Also, the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU has an Event Log that records the latest 32 alarms with a time and date stamp. Below is listed each alarm together with its meaning and description.

3.8.2 LOS – Loss of Signal

LOS is declared following 175 bit times +75 bit times if no pulses of either positive or negative orientation are received by the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU.

AIS – Alarm Indication Signal

The AIS alarm is both generated by the CSU/DSU and received by the

CSU/DSU. The AIS itself is a bit stream of all 1’s. A LOS condition causes the

T1 Spartan to output an AIS pattern. In a similar manner, AIS is received by the T1/ F T 1 C S U / D S U when a remote unit, either CSU/DSU or central office unit, is in a LOS condition.

Red – Alarm

Red alarm is declared by the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU when it receives 192 consecutive 0s.

Yellow – Alarm

Yellow alarm is declared whenever a signal is present but the T1/FT1

CSU/DSU is unable to secure synchronization with it.

FErr – Frame Error Alarm

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU receives a framing pattern in the 193 rd bit position. FErr is declared when the T1 CSU/DSU detects an error in the framing pattern received.

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CRC6 – Circular Redundancy Check 6 Alarm

In ESF mode, a circular redundancy check is generated as a result of the data processed from previous frame(s). Whenever the generated circular redundancy check does not match the calculated circular redundancy check value, a CRC6 alarm is declared.

BPV – BiPolar Violation Alarm

When the line code is set to B8ZS, BPV reflects the number of bipolar violations that have occurred not counting the code words of the B8ZS.

In AMI mode, any bipolar violations are reflected in the BPV count. In other words, any BPV is reflective of an error that has occurred.

Table 3-5. Alarm Type Table

ALA ALARM DESCRIPTION

Loss Of Signal on Network LOS

AIS

Red

Yello

FErr

CRC

BPV

T

Y

R

M

Loss of frame

Circular Redundancy Check

Bit errors are occurring

3.8.2 Indicators

The Indicators presented include the real time status of “Request To Send”

(RTS), “Data Carrier Detect” (DCD), and the current status of loops that may be active at the Network Interface and the DTE port.

RTS – Request to Send

RTS is a control signal presented by the DTE device when it is ready to transmit data to the CSU/DSU. In the “Configuration” section of the T1/FT1

CSU/DSU, RTS is described as either Constant or External. If the CSU/DSU is declared Constant, it is assumed to be present all of the time and shown as present regardless of whether it is present or not. If External, the true status of the control signal of the DTE is shown in real time.

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CTS – Clear to Send

CTS is a control signal presented by the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU to the DTE indicating when it is permitted to receive transmitted data from the

DTE device. The state of CTS is governed by several conditions. First, if the Network Interface is in an abnormal condition, CTS is held low indicating to the DTE device not to transmit data. Second, if RTS is

External and the DTE device is not presenting the RTS signal, then the

CTS signal is held low.

DCD – Data Carrier Detect

DCD is a control signal presented by the T1 Spartan to the DTE indicating a signal is present at the Network Interface and that it is possible to transmit data from the DTE device. If RTS is set to Constant,

DCD is always shown as present regardless of the state of the

Network Interface.

DTR – Data Terminal Ready

DTR is a control signal presented by the DTE to the T1 Spartan. DTR generally reflects the DTE’s ability to receive data from the T1/FT1

CSU/DSU. If RTS is set to Constant, DTR is always shown as present regardless of the state of the Data Terminal Equipment attached.

Loop Status

For real time status purposes, the existence of a loop condition is shown for each physical part of the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU– NI and DTE.

3.9 Performance Registers

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU has four performance registers that reflect operational statistics of the unit. A summary of the performance registers and their meaning are listed in Table 3-7. Each parameter is described in detail below.

3.9.1 ES – Errored Seconds

In T1/D4 line format, the definition of ES is the number of bipolar violations that have occurred during any second interval. In T1/ESF line format, the definition of

ES is the number of CRC6 errors plus the number of OOF errors detected within any one second. Both current counts and the past 24 hour counts are displayed.

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3.9.2 BES – Bursty Errored Seconds

In T1/D4 line format, this information is not available or defined. In T1/ESF line format, it is the total number of CRC6 errors that have occurred divided by 320.

Both current counts and the past 24 hour counts are displayed.

3.9.3 SES – Severely Errored Seconds

In T1/D4 line format, SES is the total number of bipolar violations divided by T1

Spartan in any one second. In T1/ESF line format, SES is the number of

CRC errors divided by 320 plus the number of occurrences of OOF. Both current counts and the past 24 hour counts are displayed.

3.9.4 UAS – UnAvailable Seconds

In both T1/D4 and T1/ESF line formats, UAS is the number of occurrences of 10 or greater Severely Errored Seconds during any one second. . Both current counts and the past 24 hour counts are displayed.

3.9.5 Time in Interval

An interval is 15 minutes duration. There are 96 intervals in 24 hours. The time in interval parameter shows the number of seconds within any 15-minute interval.

3.9.6 Number of Valid Intervals

The number of valid intervals is a count of up to 96 that indicates the number of previously recorded intervals that have been saved by the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU. Each previously recorded interval is available for viewing on two separate screens.

3.9.7 Performance Register Intervals

Press “ENTER” from the Performance Register screen display, and the T1/FT1

CSU/DSU goes to the next screen in the menu system – Performance Register

Intervals. This screen is composed of two screens of 48 groupings of intervals on each page. Press the “ENTER” key successively, and the two screens alternately display. Each interval displayed represents 15 minutes of CSU/DSU operation. In each interval, the number of Errored Seconds (ES), UnAvailable Seconds (UAS),

Severely Errored Seconds (SES), and Bursty Errored Seconds (BES) is displayed. After 24 hours of operation, the display begins to overlay 24-hour-old information with current interval information. The Performance Register Intervals display is actually a First In First Out queue. The newest complete 15 minute interval appears in Interval “01”. The interval that is fifteen minutes older than the current interval appears in Interval “02”. The 23 hours 45 minutes old interval appears in Interval “96”. Each interval can be correlated with the actual time of day. Any interval not containing valid information is shown as “NOT VALID

INTV”.

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Performance

Parameter

Table 3-6. Performance Parameter List

Description Definition

(T1/D4)

ES

BES

SES

UAS

Definition

(T1/ESF)

Errored Seconds

BPV≥1

Bursty Errored Seconds Not Available

Severely Errored

Seconds

CRC6 Error ≥ 1, OOF ≥1

1 < CRC6 < 320

BPV ≥ T1/FT1 CSU/DSU CRC ≥ 320, or OOF ≥ 1

Unavailable Seconds ≥ 10 consecutive SES ≥ 10 consecutive SES

3.10 Event Log

The Event Log contains 32 chronological entries. Each entry is date and time stamped to indicate when it occurred. In addition, a status is provided indicating additional information about the event. Typical status will include the “Start” and “End” of a particular event. The event itself is identified as to source and type of event. All alarms are placed in the Event Log. When the number of events exceeds 32, the log operates as a First In First Out (FIFO) queue. Thus the last 32 events in time are always available for viewing. The

Event Log screen is NOT updated in real time. Upon entry to the Event Log, the current Event Log is presented. To see additional entries that may have been added since viewing the Event Log, press “ESC” twice, and then re-enter the Event Log.

3.11 System Utilities

System Utilities routines include: Set

System Time

Set System Date

Enter Unit Identification

Number Clear System

Configuration Enter New

Password Enable/Disable

Security

The system time is set at the factory and reflects Mountain Time. The user may change the system time by selecting the System Utilities – Set System Time function and pressing Enter. A small box is located near the center of the CRT screen containing the current Hours/Minutes/Seconds (Note: military time is used, where hours go from 0 to 23). The cursor is positioned to the hours field. To change the system time enter a new value for hours, minutes, and seconds. The Right Arrow and Left Arrow keys are also active allowing the user to skip over fields that are correct as is. When the update is complete, press “ESC” twice to go back up to the main utilities screen.

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3.11.1 Set System Date

The user may change the system date by selecting the System Utilities –

Set System Date function and pressing Enter. A small box is located near the center of the CRT screen containing the current Month/Day/Year. The cursor is positioned to the month field. To change the system date enter a new value for month, day, and year. The Right Arrow and Left Arrow keys are also active allowing the user to skip over fields that are correct as is. When the update is complete, press “ESC” twice to go back up to the main utilities screen.

3.11.2 Enter Unit Identification Number

The user may change the system Unit ID by selecting the System Utilities –

Enter Unit Identification Number function and pressing Enter. A small box is located near the center of the CRT screen containing the current Unit

Identification Number. The default Unit Identification Number is “00000001”.

The cursor is positioned to the beginning of the numeric Unit Identification field.

To change the Unit Identification Number, use the numeric keys to overwrite a new eight-digit number. The Unit Identification Number appears on certain

CRT screens and helps to provide a unique identifier if screens are copied to a printer for later review. The Right Arrow and Left Arrow keys are also active allowing the user to skip over digits that are correct as is. When the update is complete, press “ESC” twice to go back up to the main utilities screen.

3.11.3 Clear System Configuration

The user may clear the current system configuration back to the factory default settings. Position the cursor on the main System Utilities screen to “Clear

System Configuration” and press Enter. A small box is located near the center of the CRT screen containing a verification question “Clear All Configuration!!!”. A response of either (Y)es or (N)o is requested. If “N” is entered, the T1 Spartan returns to the main System Utilities screen. If “Y” is entered, a new message appears “<<< ARE YOU SURE!!! >>>, followed by (Y)es or (N)o. This is a second verification screen as a safeguard against accidental resetting of the system to a factory configuration. If “N” is entered, the system returns to the main System Utilities screen. If “Y” is entered, the entire T1 Spartan is reset to the factory configuration, the system is re-booted, and the main Console menu appears on the CRT following initialization of the unit.

3.11.4 Enter New Password

The philosophy of password security only impacts access to the Console interface. The user is only restricted any access to the front panel LCD/front panel push buttons when the console port is occupied and active. If security is

Enabled, a password has already been entered to access the Console terminal system. If security is Disabled, no prior check of any password has up to this point been of concern. The result of this is that no old password is checked prior to entering a new password. If security is enabled, a valid

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T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 password must be entered prior to entering the Console terminal menu system.

This occurs following the next initialization of the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, whether from being powered off and on, or from having the factory configuration installed into the unit.

Upon entry to this screen, a small box displaying “ Enter New Password=>

******** ” is displayed. The cursor is positioned to the first of the eight asterisks.

Using both numeric and alphabetic keys, enter up to eight characters.

When complete, press “ESC” twice. A second screen then appears – “

Validate Password=> ******** ”. Re-enter the same password a second time and press “ESC” twice. If both first and second entries of the same password occur, the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU will accept the new password and stores it in its non-volatile memory. If the first and second entry do not match after pressing

“ESC” twice, the message “Invalid Password” is displayed for approximately two seconds, followed by the user being returned to the System Utilities screen.

3.11.5 Enable/Disable Security

The user may Enable or Disable the system security function by selecting the System Utilities – Enable/Disable Security function and pressing Enter. A small box is located near the center of the CRT screen containing the message “Enable/Disable => Disabled”. The user may use the Right Arrow key to switch between Enable and Disabled. When the update is complete, press

“ESC” twice to go back up to the main utilities screen.

If security is Disabled, any time a terminal is connected to the Console port, the main menu of the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU appear. If security is Enabled, any time a terminal is connected to the Console port, a password must be entered before entry into the terminal functions of the CSU/DSU is allowed.

3.12 LED Operation

The front panel has 16 LEDs for operation and error indications. Table 3-7 lists each LED and its color and meanings.

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N

I

LED

Alarm

BPV

Loop

1s Den

D

T

E

DCD

RTS

Loop

Gree n

Yellow

Off

Yellow

Off

Re

Table 3-7. Front-Panel LED Table

Color Meaning

No alarm condition present, the unit is operating normally

Alarm condition present: LOS, LOF, CRC,

Red, Yellow, or AIS

No bipolar violations in the last second

Bipolar violation present in the past one second

No network interface loop is present

Loop (remote or local) is present: Payload, CSU,

Green

Off

Green

Off

Yellow

Ones density is insufficient to recover NI timing

The NI is not available due to LOS, Yellow,

Red, or AIS alarms

The NI is available to receive DTE data and is in a normal operating condition

RTS is set external and no RTS is present from

DTE RTS is constant or RTS is present from DTE

No loop is present

Local or remote loop is present

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4.0 Maintenance

4.1

System Initialization

4.2

At power up, a system initialization routine runs. All LEDs flash to verify their functionality.

Near End Loopback

The near end loopbacks including CSU loopback, NI local loopback, Payload loopback, DSX-1 local loopback, and DTE local loopback, are activated by the local T1/FT1 CSU/DSU. The loopbacks occur at the near end facility. The following paragraphs describe each loopback in detail.

4.2.1 CSU Loopback

The CSU loopback is illustrated in F

IGURE

4-1. The outgoing signal is looped back through the T1 PCM transceiver. All 24 DS0 channels are looped back to the receiver path. This loopback test is activated by the CSU LOOP command. This loopback test can be used with the QRSS diagnostic test pattern to validate the local T1 CSU/DSU's integrity. The CSU loopback test can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.

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Figure 4-1. Loopback Block Diagram

4.2.2 Network Interface Local Loopback – Ni

LLB

The Network Interface Local loopback (Ni LLB) is illustrated in Figure 4.1. The incoming T1 line signal is looped to the outgoing T1 signal before the T1 transceiver framer. This loopback is used to isolate the local equipment from a troubled T1 transmission line. The Ni LLB test can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.


32


4.2.3 Payload Loopback

The Payload loopback is illustrated in Figure 4.1. The incoming signal is looped to the outgoing T1 signal after the T1 transceiver framer. This loopback is used to isolate the DTE port from the troubled T1 transmission line. The Payload loopback test can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.

4.2.4 DTE Local Loopback

The DTE local loopback is illustrated in Figure 4.1. This is a bi-directional loop that loops all DTE data to the DTE and also loops all data that would normally be presented to the DTE back to the originator of DTE data. The DTE loopback test can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.

NOTE: The DTE local loopback works only when one or more DS0 channels are mapped

to the DTE port.

4.3

Far End Loopbacks

The Far-end loopbacks (remote line loopback, remote payload loopback, remote

DTE loopback, and remote drop and insert loopback) can be activated by the local CSU/DSU to cause the remote 1510 to perform the loopbacks. Inband codes, AT&T and ANSI FDL protocols, and proprietary codes are utilized to send remote loopback commands to the far-end facility. Inband codewords are supported by D4, ESF, or ESF&T1.403 framing format. When using AT&T FDL messages, the Line port must be set for ESF or ESF&T1.403 framing format.

When using ANSI FDL messages, the Line port must be in ESF&T1.403 framing format. All remote loopbacks can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.

Upon initiation, a “Pend” message is shown on the LCD or console terminal screen. If the remote facility responds to a remote loopback activate command, an “On” message appears in the lower right corner of the display. If the remote facility does not respond to a remote loopback activate command, an “Off” message appears in the lower right corner of the display.

It is best to use remote loopbacks in conjunction with patterns (such as QRSS or

2047) designed to measure the T1 network line integrity. The procedure is as follows:

1. Send a remote loopback command to cause the remote facility to perform a loopback.

2. Activate an appropriate diagnostics test pattern.

The following are descriptions for each type of far-end loopback.

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4.3.1 Remote Line Loopback (REM LN/LP)

The remote line loopback is illustrated in Figure 4.1. The remote line loopback is initiated by the remote equipment through inband signaling or ESF data link messages with AT&T or ANSI protocol. Table 4.1 shows the inband remote line loopback code used in D4. Table 4.3 shows the ANSI T1.403 ESF data link remote line loopback code. Remote line loopback tests can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.

4.3.2 Remote Payload Loopback (REM PAYLD)

The remote payload loopback is illustrated in Figure 4.1. The remote payload loopback is initiated by the remote equipment through ESF data link messages with AT&T or ANSI protocol. Remote payload loopback tests can be activated from the front panel or console terminal.

The telephone company service provider may also issue commands to cause a payload loopback in the remote 1510. Table 4.2 shows the AT&T ESF codeword used and Table 4.3 shows the ESF T1.403 data link remote payload loopback codewords used by the Telephone Company.

4.3.3 Remote DTE Loopback (REM DTE/LP)

The remote DTE loopback is illustrated in Figure 4.1. A proprietary protocol in the ESF facility data link is used to enable and disable a remote 1510 DTE port’s bi-directional loopback. This loopback provides a unique way to isolate problems of a specific data path from the T1 network line toward the remote DTE port and vice versa.

4.4

Verifying T1/FT1 CSU/DSU Operations

The purpose of this section is to help the user determine where a possible fault in the network may lie. For this, the user needs to know the exact architecture of the network. Then standard network trouble shooting procedures should be followed, which involve sectionalizing the network and performing loopback tests on segments of the network.

The purpose here is to help the user determine whether the CSU/DSU equipment is at fault if tests have pointed a suspicious finger at this equipment.

The procedures outlined here depend on test equipment and other equipment availability.

The organization of these procedures start from the simple to the complex. The procedure ends when a definitive conclusion is made that a particular piece of equipment is at fault. To verify that the CSU/DSU equipment is not at fault, specialized equipment such as a BERT (Bit Error Rate Test) set may be needed.

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4.4.1 Quick Test

Remove all line and DTE connections from the CSU/DSU. Remove power. After a few seconds, re-apply power. Observe the power-up initialization sequence.

If this fails, then the CSU/DSU has failed.

See if the LEDs show any abnormal displays. If yes, use the LED indications to guide the user to test other parts of the network, such as the T1 line, or

DTE equipment.

Especially during initial installation, excessive errors may be due to (a) an incorrect configuration of either the CSU/DSU or the equipment at the other end of the line, or (b) due to faulty line installation, which results in excessive noise, cross talk, or impedance mismatch. Especially in electrically noisy environments, such as central offices, use of shielded cables are mandatory.

4.4.2 Substitution

If a spare T 1 / F T 1 CSU/DSU is available, then replace the non-working one with the spare. The user must carefully configure the spare exactly as the non-working one. If the substitution clears the problem, then the original non-working one is suspect. Note that this is not definitive as other reasons may cause the same symptom. A good practice is to reconfigure the original one and swap once more.

If both units behave the same, then the problem is probably elsewhere.

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5.0 Console Operations

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU provides comprehensive reports and an enhanced configuration capability through the console port. A VT-100 type terminal or a modem can be connected to the console port in the front of the T1 Spartan

T1/FT1. Using single- entry commands and arrow keys, the T1/FT1 CSU/DSU can be configured and monitored. On each screen, the available commands and the configurable fields are shown. Upon power up, a main menu is displayed. The default configuration of the console port is 9600 bps, 8 data bits, and no parity. The RS-232 connection is a standard DCE interface. The

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU expects RTS and DTR to be high. In response, CTS, CD and DSR are held high.

NOTE:

On the lower left section of the screen, a time-of-day and date display indicates the time/date the current screen is shown.

MAIN MENU

System Configuration

System Diagnostics

System Alarms and Indicators

Performance Registers

Event Log

System Utilities

Cursor Up = [Up Arrow]

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++ Cursor Down – [Down Arrow]

Software: Ver. 1.00 Next Parameter = [Right Arrow]

Jun 30, 1998

Unit ID……: 00000001

System Status: *** NORMAL ***

Prev Parameter = [Left Arrow]

Select Menu = [ENTER]

Previous Menu = [ESC twice]

Figure 5-1. Console Main Menu -1

If the terminal screen is illegible, check if the right cable is being used, and if the console port parameter setting matches the terminal settings using the front panel

Utilities/CONSOLE command.

The main menu consists of six groups of commands, System Configuration, System

Diagnostics, System Alarms and Indicators, Performance Registers, Event Log, and

System Utilities.

5.1

System Configuration

To display the System Configuration screen, use the up and down arrow keys to position the cursor adjacent to the System Configuration menu item and press the ENTER key.

MT1500A

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36


T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Network (NI)

Framing…..: ESF

Line Code.: B8ZS

LBO.(Neg).: 0 db

Density…….: Clear

NTWK Diag.: No

Yellow Alm: Off

ESF Format: 54016

System Clock

Source……….: NI

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

DS0 Map = [Enter]

13:43:19

Jun 30, 1998

Serial Port

Speed……..: 64K * N

RTS…………..: Constant

Rem Loop.: Enabled

The system configuration may be changed by positioning the cursor adjacent to an entry that needs to be altered. This is done by using the up arrow and down arrow keys. Once positioned, left arrow and right arrow keys may be used to cycle through each parameter to a desired entry. When complete, press “ESC” twice to return to the main menu.

5.1.1 DS0 Map

From the System Configuration screen press ENTER to view the DS0 Map.

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

T-Channel (DS0) Allocation

DS0 # Mode

01: DTE

02: DTE

03: DTE

04: DTE

05: DTE

06: DTE

07: DTE

08: DTE

09: DTE

10: DTE

11: DTE

12: DTE

DS0 # Mode

13: DTE

14: DTE

15: DTE

16: DTE

17: DTE

18: DTE

19: DTE

20: DTE

21: DTE

22: DTE

23: DTE

24: DTE

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The DS0 Map may be changed by positioning the cursor adjacent to an entry that needs to be altered. This is done by using the up arrow and down arrow keys. Once positioned, left arrow and right arrow keys may be used to cycle through each parameter to a desired entry. When complete, press “ESC” twice to return to the System Configuration screen.

5.2

System Diagnostics

The System Diagnostics screen allows manipulation of network interface diagnostics and serial port diagnostics. From the main menu, position the cursor adjacent to

System Diagnostics and press ENTER.

Jun 30,

1998

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

13:43:19

System Diagnostics

NI DIAGNOSTICS Serial Port

Csu Loop..: Off

Ni LLB……..: Off

Local ES..: 00000

Sec in Tst: 00000

Rem Payld : Off

Rem Ln/Lp : Off

Payld Loop: Off

Local Loop.: Off

Remote Loop: Off

Local ES…..: 00000

Sec in Test: 00000

The System Diagnostics screen may be exercised by positioning the cursor adjacent to an entry where action is required. This is done by using the up arrow and down arrow keys. Once positioned, left arrow and right arrow keys may be used to cycle through each parameter to a desired entry. When complete, press

“ESC” twice to return to the System Configuration screen.

5.3

System Alarms and Indicators

The System Alarms and Indicators screen provides information on the network interface and the DTE serial port. All alarms and indicators are updated in real time. Counters may be reset by pressing “R”.

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Jun 30, 1998

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

NI Interface

State ErrSec

LOS..: No 00000

AIS..: No 00000

Red..: No 00000

Yel..: No 00000

FErr.: No 00000

CRC6.: No 00000

BPV..: No 00000

Loop.: Off

System Alarms and Indicators

Serial Port

Indicators

RTS..: On

CTS..: On

DCD..: On

DTR..: On

Loop.: Off

Reset Counters = [R]

5.4

Performance Registers

13:43:19

The performance registers are presented on the following screen. The performance registers include Errored Seconds, Unavailable Seconds, Severely

Errored Seconds, and Bursty Errored Seconds. An interval is defined as fifteen minutes. Statistics are provided in real time for the current interval. As an interval completes, its information is stored in one of the past 24 hour intervals. Thus all intervals for the past 24 hours are available for examination. By pressing

ENTER, from the screen below, previously stored intervals are available on two additional screens. Finally, the screen below also shows the number of seconds in the current interval and the number of valid intervals that have been stored away for examination.

Jun 30,

1998

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

13:43:19

Unit ID: 00000001

Performance Registers

Register Current

Errored Seconds………………...: 000

Unavailable Seconds………..: 000

Severely Errored Seconds: 000

Bursty Errored Seconds..: 000

Time in Interval………………….: 000

# Valid Intervals……………..: 000

24 Hour

00000

00000

00000

00000

Performance Register Intervals = [ENTER]

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01.

INT

000

ES UAS SES BES

000 000 000

02. 000 000 000 000

03. 000 000 000 000

04. 000 000 000 000

05. NOT VALID INTV

06. NOT VALID INTV

07. NOT VALID INTV

08. NOT VALID INTV

09. NOT VALID INTV

10. NOT VALID INTV

11. NOT VALID INTV

12. NOT VALID INTV

13. NOT VALID INTV

14. NOT VALID INTV

15. NOT VALID INTV

16. NOT VALID INTV

Performance Registers Intervals

17.

INT ES

NOT VALID

UAS SES BES

INTV

18. NOT VALID INTV

19. NOT VALID INTV

20. NOT VALID INTV

21. NOT VALID INTV

22. NOT VALID INTV

23. NOT VALID INTV

24. NOT VALID INTV

25. NOT VALID INTV

26. NOT VALID INTV

27. NOT VALID INTV

28. NOT VALID INTV

29. NOT VALID INTV

30. NOT VALID INTV

31. NOT VALID INTV

32. NOT VALID INTV

Next 48 Registers = [ENTER]

33.

INT ES

NOT VALID

UAS SES BES

INTV

34. NOT VALID INTV

35. NOT VALID INTV

36. NOT VALID INTV

37. NOT VALID INTV

38. NOT VALID INTV

39. NOT VALID INTV

40. NOT VALID INTV

41. NOT VALID INTV

42. NOT VALID INTV

43. NOT VALID INTV

44. NOT VALID INTV

45. NOT VALID INTV

46. NOT VALID INTV

47. NOT VALID INTV

48. NOT VALID INTV

1998

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

INT ES UAS SES BES

49. NOT VALID INTV

50. NOT VALID INTV

51. NOT VALID INTV

52. NOT VALID INTV

53. NOT VALID INTV

54. NOT VALID INTV

55. NOT VALID INTV

56. NOT VALID INTV

57. NOT VALID INTV

58. NOT VALID INTV

59. NOT VALID INTV

60. NOT VALID INTV

61. NOT VALID INTV

62. NOT VALID INTV

63. NOT VALID INTV

64. NOT VALID INTV

Jun 30,

13:43:19

Performance Registers Intervals

INT ES UAS SES BES

65. NOT VALID INTV

66. NOT VALID INTV

67. NOT VALID INTV

68. NOT VALID INTV

69. NOT VALID INTV

70. NOT VALID INTV

71. NOT VALID INTV

72. NOT VALID INTV

73. NOT VALID INTV

74. NOT VALID INTV

75. NOT VALID INTV

76. NOT VALID INTV

77. NOT VALID INTV

78. NOT VALID INTV

79. NOT VALID INTV

80. NOT VALID INTV

Next 48 Registers = [ENTER]

INT ES UAS SES BES

81. NOT VALID INTV

82. NOT VALID INTV

83. NOT VALID INTV

84. NOT VALID INTV

85. NOT VALID INTV

86. NOT VALID INTV

87. NOT VALID INTV

88. NOT VALID INTV

89. NOT VALID INTV

90. NOT VALID INTV

91. NOT VALID INTV

92. NOT VALID INTV

93. NOT VALID INTV

94. NOT VALID INTV

95. NOT VALID INTV

96. NOT VALID INTV

MT1500A

Rev. 1


40


5.5

Event Log

The Event Log is a presentation of significant events as they occur in real time.

The Event Log holds in a first in first out queue, a total of 32 entries. Each event is identified as to source, the event itself, the event’s start or end status, and the date and time of the event. The Event Log may be cleared by typing “C”.

1998

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Event Status Date Time

EVENT

LOG

Event

No Entry

No Entry

Status

Date

No Entry

No Entry

Time

Jun 30,

13:43:19

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

No Entry

Clear Event Log = [C]

5.6

System Utilities

The System Utilities screen allows selection of any one of the following: Set

System Time, Set System Date, Enter Unit Identification Number, Clear System

Configuration, Enter New Password, and Enable/Disable Security. To go to any of the above routines, use the up and down arrow keys and position the cursor adjacent to the desired function, then press ENTER.

MT1500A

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41


T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

Enter Unit Identification Number

Clear System Configuration

Enter New Password

Enable/Disable Security

5.6.1 Set System Time

Enter the digits of the current hour, minutes, and seconds. When complete, press

“ESC” twice.

Jun 30, 1998

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

*************************************

*

*Enter Hr:Min:Sec => 13:43:19

*

* End with [ESC twice]

*

*

*

*

*************************************

MT1500A

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5.6.2 Set System Date

Enter the digits of the current month, day, and year. When complete, press “ESC” twice.

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

*************************************

*

*Enter Mon:Day:Yr => 06/30/98

*


*

*

*

*

*************************************

5.6.3 Enter Unit Identification Number

Enter the unique digits of the unit’s identification number (max of 8 digits). When complete press “ESC” twice.

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

*************************************

*

*Enter New Unit ID => 00000001

*


*

*

*

*

*************************************

MT1500A

Rev. 1


43


5.6.4 Clear System Configuration

This function clears the current T1/FT1 CSU/DSU configuration and places the

CSU/DSU into a factory default configuration. For specifics of the default configuration see Section 5.5.1.2. A response of either Yes “Y”, or No “N” is required.

T- 1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

*************************************

*

*

*

*

Clear All Configuration!!!

*

*

(Y)es or (N)o

*************************************

*

*

5.6.5 Enter New Password

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU may use password protection. If desired, a password should be entered (maximum of eight alpha/numeric characters). This function works in conjunction with enabling the security feature. Once a password is entered, a second verification entry is required. The entered password will be requested upon entry to the console terminal function if security is enabled.

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

*************************************

*

*Enter New Password=> ********

*


*

*

*

*

*************************************

MT1500A

Rev. 1


44


5.6.6 Enable/Disable Security

The T1/FT1 CSU/DSU may use password security for entry into the console terminal. The combination of entering a password and enabling security accomplishes this function. Once entry has been gained into the console terminal functions, it is possible to enter a new password and also to disable security.

T-1/FT-1 CSU/DSU ++

Unit ID: 00000001

Jun 30, 1998

13:43:19

System Utilities

Set System Time

Set System Date

*************************************

*

*Enable/Disable

*

*

=> Disable

EXIT [ESC twice]

*

*

*

*

*************************************

MT1500A

Rev. 1


45


Appendix A: PRBS (Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence)

PRBS (Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence) is defined in CCITT G.732, and consists of a

15-stage shift register that generates every combination of 15-bit words, and repeats every 32,767 bits.

The pattern is generated in a 15-stage register whose 14th and 15th stage outputs are added in a modulo-two addition stage, and the result fed back to the input of the first stage.

This test pattern can be used in conjunction with a local loopback to test the local

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU’s integrity. It can also be used in conjunction with remote loopback to test a remote T1/FT1 CSU/DSU and its associated E1 network line quality.

MT1500A

Rev. 1


46


Appendix B: Menu Tree

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU

Configuration Menu Tree

Configuration

NI Configuration

NI Configuration

Framing: ESF

NI Configuration

Framing: D4

NI Configuration

Line Code: B8ZS

NI Configuration

Line Code: AMI

1510

Diagnostics

1510

Event Log

1510

Configuration

1510

Alarms/Stats

1510

Utilities

Configuration

Timing Source

Timing Source

Source:

Source Selections are:

NI/INT

Configuration

Serial Port #1

Serial Port #1

Rate: 64K/56K x N

Serial Port #1

RTS: Constant/External

Rem Loop: Enabled

Configuration

DSO MAP

DSO MAP

Chn-1

ADV Right/Left

Selects Ch. N (1-24)

DSO MAP

Chn-24

NI Configuration

LBO: 0 db

NI Configuration

LBO: -7.5 db

NI Configuration

LBO: -15 db

NI Configuration

LBO: -22 db

NI Configuration

Density: Clear/62411

NI Configuration

Yel Alm: On/Off

NI Configuration

ESF Frmt: 54016/T1.403

Network Diag

On/Off

Configuration

Channel Review

Displays Current DS0

Channel Assignments

Channel Mode

01: DTE 1

ADV Right/Left

Cycles through

Channels

MT1500A

Rev. 1


47


Diagnostics Menu

Tree

1510

Configuration

1510

Diagnostics

1510

Alarms/Stats

Diagnostics

NI Diagnostics

NI Diagnostics

CSU Loop: On/Off

NI Diagnostics

NI LLB: On/Off

Diagnostics

SP 1 Diagnostics

SP 1 Diagnostics

Local Loop: On/Off

1510

Event Log

1510

Utilities

MT1500A

Rev. 1


48


Alarm/Stats Menu

Tree

Alarms/Stats

NI Alarms

LOS:

AIS:

RED:

YEL:

FERR:

CRC6:

BVP

1510

Configuration

1510

Diagnostics

Alarms/Stats

DSX Alarms

LOS:

AIS:

RED:

YEL:

FERR:

CRC6:

BVP

1510

Alarms/Stats

1510

Event Log

Alarms/Stats

ESF Statistics

ESF Statistics

Current Stats

Current ESF Stat

Status:

Current ESF Stat

ES:__ UAS:__

Current ESF Stat

SES:__ BES:__

Current ESF Stat

Time/Int:

ESF Statistics

24 Hour Stats

24 Hour Stats

ES:

24 Hour Stats

UAS:

24 Hour Stats

SES:

24 Hour Stats

BES:

Current ESF Stat

Valid Ints:

1510

Utilities

ESF Statistics

ESF Registers

Displays 96

Entries

MT1500A

Rev. 1


49


T1 Event Log and Utilities Menu

Tree

Utilities

Set Date/Time

Set Date/Time

Hour:

Set Date/Time

Minutes:

Set Date/Time

Seconds:

Set Date/Time

Day:

Set Date/Time

Month:

Set Date/Time

Year:

Utilities

Default Config.

Clear All CFG?

Sel=No Enter=Yes

1510

Configuration

1510

Alarms/Stats

1510

Utilities

Utilities

Software

Displays

Version

1510

Diagnostics

1510

Event Log

Utilities

Console Port

Utilities

Clear Event Log

Console Port

Speed: 9600

Console Port

Parity: None

Clears All When

Enter is Pressed

Console Port

Parity: Odd

Console Port

Parity: Even

Console Port

Data Bits: 8/7

Console Port

XOF Enabled: Yes/No

Event Log

Displays Last

32 Events

MT1500A

Rev. 1


50


Appendix C: Glossary of Abbreviations

MT1500A

Rev. 1


51

Black Box Tech Support: FREE! Live. 24/7.

Tech support the way it should be.

Great tech support is just 60 seconds away at 724-746-5500 or blackbox.com.

About Black Box

Black Box provides an extensive range of networking and infrastructure products. You’ll find everything from cabinets and racks and power and surge protection products to media converters and Ethernet switches all supported by free, live 24/7 Tech support available in 60 seconds or less.

© Copyright 2014. Black Box Corporation. All rights reserved. Black Box

®

and the Double Diamond logo are registered trademarks of BB Technologies, Inc.

Any third-party trademarks appearing in this manual are acknowledged to be the property of their respective owners.

MT1500A, version 1


BLACK BOX

®

User Manual

User Manual

BLACK BOX

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Trademarks Used in this Manual

We‘re here to help! If you have any questions about your application or our products, contact Black Box Tech Support at 724-746-5500 or go to blackbox.com and click on “Talk to Black Box.”

You’ll be live with one of our technical experts in less than 60 seconds.

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Table of Contents

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Federal Communications Commission and Industry Canada Radio Frequency Interference

Statements

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Instrucciones de Seguridad

(Normas Oficiales Mexicanas Electrical Safety Statement)

1.0 Product Description

2.0 Installation

3.0 Operation

4.0 Maintenance

5.0 Console Operations

Appendix A: PRBS (Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence)

Appendix B: Menu Tree

Appendix C: Glossary of Abbreviations

Black Box Tech Support: FREE! Live. 24/7.

Tech support the way it should be.

BLACK BOX

Related manuals

Table of contents

User Manual

User Manual

BLACK BOX

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Trademarks Used in this Manual

We‘re here to help! If you have any questions about your application or our products, contact Black Box Tech Support at 724-746-5500 or go to blackbox.com and click on “Talk to Black Box.”

You’ll be live with one of our technical experts in less than 60 seconds.

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Table of Contents

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Federal Communications Commission and Industry Canada Radio Frequency Interference

Statements

T1/FT1 CSU/DSU, V.35 User Manual

Instrucciones de Seguridad

(Normas Oficiales Mexicanas Electrical Safety Statement)

1.0 Product Description

2.0 Installation

3.0 Operation

4.0 Maintenance

5.0 Console Operations

Appendix A: PRBS (Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence)

Appendix B: Menu Tree

Appendix C: Glossary of Abbreviations

Black Box Tech Support: FREE! Live. 24/7.

Tech support the way it should be.

BLACK BOX

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