Yamaha cr-220 Stereo Receiver User Manual

YAMAHA offers you thanks and congratulations on your choice of the
CR-220 Receiver. Embodying novel and useful features, it combines
superb broadcast reception with the finest audio quality, and is currently
setting new standards for receiver performance in 1ts class.
1. All-in-One Excelence
Accurately matched performance specifications,
functions, and controls, give overall performance
which fully measures up to Yamaha’s high stan-
darcs for separate tuners, pre- and power amps.
2. Noise-Distortion Clearance Mange
The CR-220 offers an extremely wide range of
output powers for which both noise and distortion
are below the rated value, for the widest possible
dynamic range in actual use. This was the basic
design concept for the audio section.
3, Direct Assessment of Differential Gain
This sophisticated technique enables Yamaha to
combine high station-getting ability, razor-sharp
tuning, and ultra-low distortion in the tuner
section.
4, Outstanding Receiver Cost/Performance
Yamaha’s high-efficiency design policy, based
upon high level circuit technology, has allow-
ed us to build in superb performance in relation
to the CR-220's cost.
5, Continuous Louciness Compensation
Whatever your normal maximum listening level,
this Yamaha ‘special’ provides full compensation
for the ears’ reduced sensitivity to bass and treble
frequencies at lower listening levels.
В. АМ Antenna Cirouit with Combination Signal
Inout System
The combination signal input system is employ-
ed for the AM antenna circuit and as It can be used
as a common antenna for both FM and AM, bar
antenna is unnecessary. Thus, problems of AM sen-
sitivity change resulting from the tuner installation
direction have been eliminated,
Caution — Read This Before Operating
Your CR220 ooo. ee ... 3
Front Panel and Controls .............. 4
Rear Panel and Connections ............ 6
Connection Diagram ...... ooo... es 8
Broadcast Reception , .....,,...,,,,.. 9
Listening to Records, LOUDNESS,
and TONE Controls. . .....,.,...... 11
Tape Playback and Recording ........... 12
Performance Graphs ..........<....... 13
Block Diagram . .....,..,.......,..) 14
Schematic Diagram ......,,....,,.... 15
Specihications oo... ee ee 16
Trouble Shooting еее 18
Please record the serial number
of your unit in the space below
Model Name CR-220
Serial No,
The sertal number is located on
the rear of the chassis,
Retain this Owners Manual in a
safe place for future reference.
The CR-220 is a high performance AM/FM
stereo receiver, with excellent selectivity, sensi-
tivity, and low distortion. This manual is
required reading If vou are to get the best
from its special features and controls,
Do not drop or otherwise jar the CR-220,
which ls a precision electronic Instrument.
Do not place the CR-220 where it will be ex-
posed to direct sunlight, excessive heat (for in-
stance over a radiator}, cold, moisture, or dust.
Do not use chemical solvents (such as benzene
or alcohol) to remove traces of dirt. Wipe only
with a soft, slightly damp cloth.
Do not attempt to carry out internal adjust-
ments or repairs. Leave these to your local
authorized service representative.
Do not assume your CR-220 is faulty before
checking ‘Trouble Shooting’ list provided on
pages 18-19,
Operate all switches and knobs in accordance
with the instructions. Avoid applying undue
force, which should never be necessary, and do
not attempt to use intermediate settings. |
Do not connect other audio equipment to the
spare AC outlet sockets on the rear panel if it
will require more power than the outlets are
rated to provide.
Keep this manual in a safe place for future re-
ference, and refer to it frequently until you are
completely familiar with all CR-220 controls
and functions.
Warning — to prevent Tire or shock hazard,
do not expose this appliance to rain or mois-
ture,
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Leave the power switch OFF while familiarizing
yourself with the various controls, and while you
are connecting other audio equipment. Always set
the VOLUME control to the “0 position when
pushing this switch to ON/OFF.
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One headphone jack is provided, Flugging the
headphone in does not mute the speakers, so use
the OFF position on the SPEAKERS switch.
@ SPEAKERS Switeh
With this control, you can select either or both of
two pairs of stereo speakers, or switch them all off
so that you can enjoy headphone listening,
Es Es SS ana TU Alella Controls
The bass and treble controls have a low turnover
frequency of 350 Hz and a high turnover fre-
quency of 3.5kHz respectively.
@ LOWONESS Control
This boosts the extreme low and high frequencies
to compensate for our ears’ reduced sensitivity to
these frequencies at low volumes. Set it to the
FLAT position while the VOLUME control is set
to your highest normal listening level. Turning the
control counterclockwise will reduce the volume
put will retain the natural balance between low
and high frequencies.
©) VOLUME and E
A AME Contr ais
Use the VOLUME control to adjust the speaker
output to obtain the volume of sound that you
require. Always start operation with the VOLUME
control turned fully to the left (counterclock-
wise} at the “0 position before turning it up to
the volume level you require,
The BALANCE knob controls the difference in
output volume between the L and R (left and
right) stereo channels. Set this control to the
center ‘5’ position, at which there is a click stop,
unless you need to correct for a lack of balance
between the audio output of the two channels,
or to correct for a listening position which is not
equidistant from the two speakers. The BALANCE
control reduces the volume from the left-hand
speaker when turned clockwise, and reduces that
from the right-hand speaker when turned counter-
clockwise.
D MODE Switch
Hr
This gives the choice of stereo or monaural repro-
duction, Note that in the MONO position the am-
plifier section will reproduce all sources (including
FM stereo programs, etc.) monaurally, However,
even in the STEREO mode, FM stereo programs _
will be reproduced monaurally if the INPUT SE-
LECTOR switch is set to FM MONO,
О TAPE Monitor Switch
Depress this switch when playing back from a tape
deck connected to the rear panel TAPE PB ter-
minals, When a 3-head tape deck is used, the re-
cording condition can be monitored,
WIN PLT SEL. ES TOR Switeh
Turn this Knob to select the desired program
source.
АМ coc cccccucsaees AM reception.
FM МОМО..... When receiving monaural FM broad-
casts, or in case the signal is weak
or the reception conditions on FM
Stereo are poor, turn the knob to
FM MONO.
FM AUTO... For FM Stereo reception.
PHONO .......... This position input circuit is de-
signed to operate with normal mov-
ing magnet. (MM) type cartridges.
() TOURING Control
This large tuning knob gives smooth and positive
station selection, with the precision flywheel
mechanism preventing backlash. Also, the tuning
circuits utilize a wide air-gap high precision three-
gang variable capacitor, providing great sensitivity
ana high stability.
dy FRA PLANING / AM SIGNAL Meter
This meter fulfills two functions, When the INPUT
SELECTOR switch is set to FM AUTO or FM
MONO, it functions as an FM tuning meter, and
when the switch is set to AM, as an AM signal
meter,
EM/AM Tuning Scale
The upper scale gives FM station frequencies in
MHz and the lower scale gives AM frequencies in
kHz,
The upper LED lights when an FM stereo broad-
cast is received, anc the lower LED lights when
POWER switch is on,
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HAMAMATIL JPN
(10 ERA ANT Terminall?SO Goaxial
Cable
This special bracket and terminal is provided for
use with 750 coaxial cable, Coaxial cable, in which
the central core is shielded by an outer braided
sheath, reduces losses in signal strength between
the antenna and the CR-220, and also reduces the
amount of interference picked up.
is se
Balanced Feeder:
This is the pair of terminals used with ordinary
© Connecting.
twin type feeder wire, like that used in the indoor
FM antenna provided with the СВ-220. Although
the high sensitivity of the CR-220 means that an
indoor antenna can often give satisfactory results
with local stations, a proper FM antenna will al-
ways give better results.
This bar is used for AM reception.
© SRIENGround] and External AM
ANT “Per erie iss
By connecting the left-hand terminal to a ground
cable, a significant improvement can be made to
AM reception, effectively increasing sensitivity and
reducing interference, particularly hum.
The FM antenna can be used as an AM antenna. A
special antenna need not be set up for AM, because
the combination signal input system is used as an
AM whip antenna. In weak signal areas and poor
reception conditions, an external antenna should
be set up and connected to the right-hand terminal.
D SPEAKERS Terminals
The CR-220 can handle two sets of speakers (A or
В}, with selection of either, both, or nerther, by
use of the SPEAKERS switch on the front panel,
Speakers should have impedances between 4 and
16 ohms, but with two speaker sets being used at
the same time, connect only speakers with imped-
ances between 8 ohms and 16 ohms. Use speakers
rated to take the full 15 Watts of output power, or
set the VOLUME control so that the rated maxi-
mum speaker input power 1$ not exceeded. Vol.
ume level should be reduced immediately if there
is increased distortion or a sense of strain which
indicates that the speakers are being overloaded.
Making the Speaker Connections
1. Strip the insulation from the speaker cable for
1/2” (10 пт), and twist stray ends together. +
+ ®
possible, solder the ends. Push the button be-
neath the terminal as shown in the illustration,
and align the inner and outer terminal holes.
Then insert the wire fully home, Release the
button, and the wire end will be firmly clamped,
2. Use the upper (A) terminals first. Be careful
that the terminals identified by the + and —
signs above them are connected with the cor-
responding + and — terminals on the speakers.
A mistake will result in poor bass response and
ill-defined stereo image. Also be sure ta con-
nect the left-hand speaker to the L speaker ter-
minals, and the right-hand to the R terminals.
3. Repeat this with the (B) terminals if other
speakers are to be connected. In all cases make
sure that connections are fully and firmly
made, or you may not be able to get any sound
from one or more speakers.
© GME roma Terminal
This ground terminal is provided for the grounding
of turntable units, ete. Please make sure that all —
such units are firmly grounded: failure to connect
the ground leads can result in unpleasant hum.
©) INPLT Terminals
These are the terminals which are selected by the
INPUT SELECTOR switch on the front panel.
They include PHONO and AUX connections. The
AUX terminals can be used to connect an external
tuner, or for B-track cartridge tape playback, etc.
© TAPE PB and
Men Coad | Terminals
A tape deck can be attached to these input and
output terminals. Any source connected to the
CR-220 can be recorded on this deck by setting
the INPUT SELECTOR switch on the front panel
to the appropriate position. When playing back
from a tape deck, depress the front panel TAPE
monitor switch,
Go Ac OUTLET
These spare AC QUTLETS are provided for your
convenience in connecting other items of audio
equipment, Only the left-hand outlet is controlled
by the CR-220 POWER switch. This has a maxi-
mum power rating of 200 Watts, and should be
used for items such as turntable units, Do not con-
nect any item which draws more than 200 Watts,
The right-hand outlet is not affected by the CR-
220 POWER switch, and any items connected to
them must be switched on and off with their own
switches in the normal way. Note that the total
power available is only 200 Watts, Use them, for
say, your tape deck or decks,
DAS
Fer ine
Plug the CR-220 power cord into a main power
supply wall outlet socket, and make sure the line
is not likely to be tripped over.
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T-type Indoor FM Antenna External AM Antenna Speaker System A Speaker System B
external FM Antenna
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Turntable 8-Track Cartridge Tape Deck Tape Deck
The T-type antenna provided with your CR-220
is adequate only in high signal strength areas and
under favorable conditions. In other cases, an
external multi-element FM antenna is needed, If
you cannot obtain satisfactory reception with
the T-type antenna, this is an indication that
you neec an external FM antenna.
The external antenna should preferably be located
fairly close to the CR-220, and mounted as high as
conveniently possible. Try various antenna orlen-
tations, either pointing towards the weakest
station you intend to receive or away from the
major source of interference (preferably both,
although some compromise is usually necessary
in most locations).
М the antenna is intended for use with shielded
coaxial cable {which reduces losses and inter-
ference}, use the 7542 UNBAL terminals on the
rear panel of the GR-220, and connect the cable
as shown in the illustration.
The 300 22 BAL terminals on the rear panel (which
use feeder wire similar to that of the internal
antenna provided) can also be used with coaxial
cable if a matching transformer is attached to the
antenna. The use of coaxial cable is advisable
where the antenna must be located some distance
fram the CR-220, or where interference from
automobile ignition, etc., is troublesome.
1. Strip the insulation from outside the braided
Sheath, and bend back the metal braiding
outside the insulation, Expose the projecting
central core wire as shown. Be careful not to
cut through any strands.
2. Slacken the two retaining screws as shown and
insert the coaxial cable.
3. Re-tighten the screws so that the clip grips the
exposed braided sheath.
4. Connect the central core wire to the 75 © ter-
minal.
5. Ensure that the braiding does not come into
contact with the inner core.
If the FM antenna is used for an АМ whip an-
tenna, install the connecting-bar, as in the right
папа figure. |
ii the FM antenna coaxial cable is equipped with
a matching transformer, this connecting-bar is
unnecessary. |
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FM TUNING Meter
AM SIGNAL Meter
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AM SIGNAL
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PRIEST
slt,
. Set the INPUT SELECTOR to FM AUTO.
2, Set the Tuning Indicator to the frequency
(MHz) of the station you want to listen to.
Precise tuning is accomplished by watching the
FM tuning meter, and centering the needle ex-
actly in the middle. |
3 Now tune to bring the FM TUNING meter
pointer to the exact center. This is the optimum
tuning position: set it carefully.
4. Check that the FM STEREO indicating LED on
the right-hand side of the dial lights И you in-
tend listening to a stereo rather than a monaural
broadcast,
Note: If the FM broadcast is monaural or the
reception condition is poor and is affected by
static noise, try setting the INPUT SELECTOR
switch to FM MONO.
in the recommended FM AUTO position, tne
weakest stations will be cut out (muted), together
with the inter-station noise. You will be able to
tune from station to station, free of background
noise and remote, very poor quality stations. This
muting circuit is adjusted to eliminate all signal
inputs to the CR-220 which are below a thresh-
old value of BuV,
Api:
In a metal-frame building, or in locations re-
mote from the station or where reception condi
tions are unfavorable, an external AM antenna
should be connected to the AM ANT terminal.
Even better results will be obtained if at the same
time a good ground (earth) connection is made.
A good ground connection can sometimes be
made to a water pipe, However, under МО cir-
cumstances should you attempt to make a ground
connection to a gas pipe. Your dealer will advise
you,
1 Set the INPUT SELECTOR switch on the front
panel to AM,
2 Turn the tuning knob until the tuning indicator
is at the station’s frequency.
3 Adjust the tuning knob to give the maximum
reading on the AM SIGNAL meter.
The main AC supply plug of your turntable unit
may usually be conveniently inserted into the spare
AG outlet socket controlled by the CR-220 POW.
ER switch, With some turntables it is important
not to disconnect the main supply without first
switching off at the turntable itself fread the turn-
table instruction manual to check),
The pin plugs on the output lead from the turn-
table unit should be connected to the PHONO ter-
minal pin jacks at the left-hand side of the rear
panel, Check that the L and R pin plugs (for the
left and right channels) have been correctly insert-
ed. Do not forget to connect the turntable ground
ine to the GND terminal on the CR-220 rear
panel,
Switch on the receiver POWER switch, and set the |
INPUT SELECTOR switch to PHONG. The
PHONO input circuit is intended for use with
standard moving magnet (MM), moving iron (МВ
or induced magnet {IM} type cartridges. Certain
moving coll (MC) cartridges can also be used, but
some have output levels too low for satisfactory
performance without the use of a step-up trans-
former or head amolifier, Note that the PHONO
input pin-plugs should never be connected or dis-
connected while the POWER switch is ON,
Always switch off your speakers by releasing the
SPEAKERS switch when raising or lowering the
cartridge stylus over the recora to prevent over-
loading and possible damage.
H you play monaural records, the signal-to-noise
ratio will be Improved if you push the MODE to
the MONO position,
Use the BASS and TREBLE controls to give the
best tonal balance, and use the LOUDNESS vol.
ume control rather than the main volume control
to reduce listening levels below your normal maxi-
mum, |
Set this to the FLAT position (not the mid-point
‘5 when listening at normal high levels. The
LOUDNESS compensation curves shown enable
the same subjective tonal balance to be retained
as this control is turned down, unlike the
VOLUME control itself, for listening at lower
levels.
The carefully chosen turnover frequencies of the
bass and treble tone controls have optimum influ-
ence at the higher and lower frequencies for major
correction of tonal character.
A subsonic filter which is built in the CR-220
cancels the extremely low Trequency range below
15 Hz at 12 dB/octave, thus eliminating noises
which may be harmful to speakers.
Turntable Connections
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Loudness Gontrol
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“TRHESES LES
Connect a tape recorder to the CR-220 as follows:
GR-220 Rear Panel Tape deck Terminals
TAPE PB me ae LINE OUT
REC OU rennen nn dam LINE IN
Fie
Push the TAPE monitor switch on the front panel
to MONITOR. Use the output level controls on
the tape deck or decks to adjust the playback level
so that there is no great change in volume level
when switching between FM AUTO and TAPE
terminals,
Tape Deck Connections
TARE
Tape PE er CAT
TAPE monitor switch
When you wish to make a recording, set the front
panel INPUT SELECTOR switch to the desired
program source,
The level at which a tape recording is made is very
important: for full details of recording techniques
you should consult the instruction manual pro-
vided with your tape deck. Adjustments in level
must be made with the input level controls on the
tape deck. Note that the signals from the REC
OUT terminals which are recorded by your tape
deck are not influenced at all by settings of the
tone and volume controls, etc., on the front panel
of the CR-220, and all such tonal and other adjust-
ments must be made on playback, If you record
at too low a level you will notice a high level of
tape ‘hiss’ on playback, and if the level is too high,
the peak volume levels will be distorted and you
may even have difficulty in erasing them later.
No
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Signal-to-Moise Ratio (HE-A Network)
Output Power (0.05% T-H-D)
Continuous R-M>S Power (both
channels driven, Aux ->Sp Out)
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ikbiz 17W 180)
TkHz 20W (490)
Total Harmonic Distortion (20 ~ 20,000Hz, 80)
Aux->Sp Qut O.25W~ 15W 0.05%
7 OW 0.025%
input Sensitivity impedance (1k Hz)
AUX 120m V/47k OD
Phono 2mVvid7ko
Maximum Input Levels (0.05% T-H-D, 1k Hz)
Phono 110mWV
Output Level/impedance (1k Hz)
Phono — Нес Out 12OmV/1kO
Frequency Response
Phono RIAA Deviation
(Phono > Rec Out) 10,508
Aux Sp Out 20~20,000Hz 9-2 0ав
Tone € Loudness Controls Characteristics
Bass Turnover Frequency ЗВОН;
Bass Boast/Cut +14, —7TOdB at БОН;
Treble Turnover Frequency 3,5k Hz
Treble Boost/Cut +12, —100dB at 20k Hz
Loudness Control Level-related equalizer
Phono GOdB Лог 10mV shorted
AUX 3648
Nesidual noise 0, 14m У
Power Bandwidth (0.05% TH-D) 10 ~ 40 000Hz
Damping Factor (kHz, 80) AQ
FM SECTION
Tuning Range 88 ~ TOBMHZ
Usable Sensitivity (LHF)
30082
11L.2dBt/2.0nV
7592
11.248f/1.0uv
BONE Quieting Sensitivity
_ Мопо 17.3dBf/duv
Stereo за. заве/З0 нм
image Response Ratio (O8MHz) 50d B
IF Response Ratio (Q8MHz) 75d 8
Spurious Response Ratio (0RMHz) 7598
AM Supression Ratio (HE) 528
Capture Ratio 1.598
Alternate Channel Selectivity (HF)
S0dB 2400kHz,
signal-to-Noise Ratio (HF, G5dBf)
Mono
¿0d8
Stereo
65d8
Distortion (at 85dBf)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (80dB/m: antenna input)
od 8
image Response Ratio (1,000k Hz)
40d E
Spurious Response Ratio (1,000kHz) 409RB
Total Harmonic Distortion (ЗОВ /m antenna input)
Mono 100Hz 02%
IkHz 0.2%
Gk Hz 0.4%
Stereo 100Hz 0.3%
IcHz 0.3%
ВЕНЕ 0.8%
intermodulation Distortion (ЧЕ)
Viono 0.2%
Stereo 0.4%
subcarrier Product Ratio 4008
Stereo Seperation
БОН; . 30dB
kHz 4008
10k Hz 3008
Frequency Response
50 10,000Hz +9.508
30 ~ 15,000 Hz +1, —ЗаВ
0.5%
Output Level mpedance (80dB/m: antenna input, 30% modulation}
100m V/6kQ
GENERAL
Semiconductors Transistors 39
FET 1
ICs £
Diodes 28
LEDs 2
Power Supplies 120V AC ВОН?
Power Consumption TOOW
Muting Threshole
18.20 BF /SuV
Dimensions (WixHxD)
435 x 144 x 326.5 Imm)
Output Level/Imnedance
(17-1/8" x 5-14/16" x 12-7/8")
Mec Gut
400m У OKT
Weight
7.6 kg (16 los 12707}
АМ SECTION
Tuning Range 525 ^^ 1 005k Hz
Usable Sensitivity {HF} 184 mv
Lisable Selectivity 20d 8
Before assuming that your CR-220 is faulty, check this trouble-shooting list. dt details many steps
you can take yourself without having to call a service representative.
AUDIO SECTION
Fault
Causa
Cura
Mo power although POWER switch is ON (POWER
LED un).
AC power line not plugged-in to supply socket.
AC main fuse has blown.
Plug firmly into the supply socket,
Contact your service representative for a replacement.
Мо sound although power is connected.
Volume too low.
INPUT SELECTOR in wrong position.
Input pin plugs incorrectly inserted, loose, or disconnected.
Speaker connections faulty.
Speaker switch is set in wrong position,
in modes other than tape playback, the TAPE MONITOR
switch is kept in depressed position,
Turn un volume.
Check and change as necessary.
Check and Insert fully in the correct positions.
Check and correct.
Correct setting.
Depress tape monitor switch once more for SOURCE.
Sound comes only, or mainly, from either L or Я
speaker.
Speaker connections faulty.
input connections faulty.
BALANCE control not properly adjusied.
Check and correct,
Check and correct,
Set to give correct stereo balance.
Sound suddenly ceases during audition.
The protective circult has been activated,
AC main fuse has blown.
Check for incorrect {toc low) speaker impedances or short
circuits and correct.
if the fault persists, switch off and wait briefly before switching
on again.
Contact your service representative for a replacement.
Poor bass response and badly defined stereo image.
Speaker + and — connections are incorrect.
Reverse the connections to one speaker, not both.
A loud ‘hum’ is heard with or instead of, the record
when attempting PHONO audition.
Either the pin-plugs from the phono cartridge are not firmly
muaged into the input sockets, or the braided shielding wire
is defective.
Plug in firmly, replacing the defective shielding if necessary.
Check and correct the GND (ground) wire connection.
The volume control cannot be raised during record
audition without a loud ‘booming’ noise.
This is caused by feedback of sound from the speakers to the
phono cartridge stylus, and is called ‘howling.’
increase the separation between turntable unit and speakers,
avoiding locations directly in line with the speakers,
Bass and treble frequencies are unnaturally exaggerated,
The LOUDNESS volume control is set too low.
Turn to the FLAT position (fully clockwise) and reset main
and LOUDNESS volume controls according to the instructions.
TUNER SECTION
Fault
Gure
Cause
À persistent hum occurs when an AM station is tuned.
This modulation hum can affect whole areas where conditions
are unfavorable.
sometimes changing the position of the CR-220 will give an
improvement,
intermittent crackling or continuous background
‘roaring’ on АМ.
Atmospheric slectricity or electrical storms, possibly Tluores-
cent lighting or other electrical equipment.
Difficult to eliminate, an external antenna and good ground
connection will give considerable improvement. |
High pitched whistles, etc., particularly at night on
AM.
The CR-220 is being operated too near a TV set.
increase the separation between the TV and the CR-220
A stereo station is heard manaurally.
The amplifier MODE switch is set to MONO,
Push and release to the STEREO position,
Cocasional crackling interference [particularly with
remote, weak signal stations),
Electrical noise from automobiles, etc., ar from other electrical
equipment,
Set up an external FM antenna as high and as far from the
road as convenient: use coaxial cable. Fit an interference
suppressor to the offending item where possible.
Disturbing levels of ‘hiss’ noise when on FM stereo
stations.
EN stereo broadcasts are inherently more lable to incur
this at remote, low signal strength locations.
Set up an external FM antenna: if you are already using one,
orient it towards the station or replace with a more sensitive
array.
Local stations sutfer from unciear, distorted sound.
Signal input from the antenna for these stations is too strong.
Connect an attenuator between the FM antenna and the CR-220,
or turn the antenna away from the strongest (closest) station.
During stereo test transmissions, sounds which should
come from only one channel can be heard faintly over
the other.
This is known as crosstalk, and normally occurs to some extent.
Provided the sound level is very faint compared with the normal
level for that channel, no fault is indicated.
NIPPON GAKKI CO. LTD, HAMAMATSU, JAPAN
Printed in Japan 77Y