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USB-1616FS
USB-based Analog and Digital I/O
User's Guide
Document Revision 6, August, 2006
© Copyright 2006, Measurement Computing Corporation™
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HM USB-1616FS.doc ii
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Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
iv
USB-1616FS User's Guide
Chapter 4
v
Preface
About this User's Guide
What you will learn from this user's guide
This user's guide explains how to install, configure, and use the USB-1616FS so that you get the most out of its analog and digital I/O features. This user's guide also refers you to related documents available on our web site, and to technical support resources.
Conventions in this user's guide
For more information on …
Text presented in a box signifies additional information and helpful hints related to the subject matter you are reading.
Caution! Shaded caution statements present information to help you avoid injuring yourself and others, damaging your hardware, or losing your data.
<
#:#>
bold text
italic text
Angle brackets that enclose numbers separated by a colon signify a range of numbers, such as those assigned to registers, bit settings, etc.
Bold text is used for the names of objects on the screen, such as buttons, text boxes, and check boxes. For example:
1. Insert the disk or CD and click the OK button.
Italic text is used for the names of manuals and help topic titles, and to emphasize a word or phrase. For example:
The InstaCal installation procedure is explained in the Quick Start Guide.
Never touch the exposed pins or circuit connections on the board.
Where to find more information
The following electronic documents provide information relevant to the operation of the USB-1616FS.
MCC's Specifications: USB-1616FS (the PDF version of the Specifications chapter in this guide) is available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/pdfs/USB-1616FS.pdf
.
MCC's Quick Start Guide is available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/DAQ-Software-Quick-Start.pdf
.
MCC's Guide to Signal Connections is available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/signals/signals.pdf
.
MCC's Universal Library User's Guide is available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/sm-ul-user-guide.pdf
.
MCC's Universal Library Function Reference is available on our web site at
www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/sm-ul-functions.pdf
.
MCC's Universal Library for LabVIEW
™
User’s Guide is available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/SM-UL-LabVIEW.pdf
.
USB-1616FS User's Guide (this document) is also available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/USB-1616FS.pdf
. vi
Chapter 1
Introducing the USB-1616FS
Overview: USB-1616FS features
This user's guide contains all of the information you need to connect the USB-1616FS to your computer and to the signals you want to measure.
The USB-1616FS is a USB 2.0 full-speed device supported under popular Microsoft
® systems.
Windows
®
operating
The USB-1616FS provides true simultaneous sampling of up to sixteen 16-bit single-ended analog inputs.
Simultaneous input sampling is accomplished through the use of one A/D converter per channel. The module features sampling rates of up to 50 kS/s per channel, and up to 9500 S/s per channel throughput for all channels.
You can configure the analog input range of each channel independently via software. An on-board temperature sensor lets you monitor your environment temperature.
Eight digital IO lines are independently selectable as input or output. A 32-bit counter can count TTL pulses. A
SYNC (synchronization) control line lets you synchronize two USB-1616FS modules to acquire data synchronously from 32 analog inputs.
The USB-1616FS is powered by an external +9 V unregulated power supply that is shipped with the board.
Power and USB connectors let you power and control multiple MCC USB Series products from one external power source and one USB port in a daisy chain fashion.
Figure 1-1. USB-1616FS
1-1
USB-1616FS User's Guide
USB-1616FS block diagram
USB-1616FS functions are illustrated in the block diagram shown here.
Screw terminal I/O connector
Introducing the USB-1616FS
G= 1, 2,
5, 10
Cal Ref
Voltages
Temp.
Sensor
32-bit
Event Counter
1 channel
1
SPI
Full-speed
USB 2.0
Compliant
Interface
16
32k x 16
SRAM 16
16
USB
Microcontroller
DIO
8
Screw terminal I/O connector
Figure 1-2. USB-1616FS functional block diagram
1-2
USB-1616FS User's Guide Introducing the USB-1616FS
Software features
For information on the features of InstaCal and the other software included with your USB-1616FS, refer to the
Quick Start Guide that shipped with your device. The Quick Start Guide is also available in PDF at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/DAQ-Software-Quick-Start.pdf
.
Check www.mccdaq.com/download.htm
for the latest software version or versions of the software supported under less commonly used operating systems.
Connecting a USB-1616FS to your computer is easy
Installing a data acquisition device has never been easier.
The USB-1616FS relies upon the Microsoft Human Interface Device (HID) class drivers. The HID class drivers ship with every copy of Windows that is designed to work with USB ports. We use the Microsoft
HID because it is a standard, and its performance delivers full control and maximizes data transfer rates for your USB-1616FS. No third-party device driver is required.
The USB-1616FS is plug-and-play. There are no jumpers to position, DIP switches to set, or interrupts to configure.
You can connect the USB-1616FS before or after you install the software, and without powering down your computer first. When you connect an HID to your system, your computer automatically detects it and configures the necessary software. You can connect and power multiple HID peripherals to your system using a USB hub.
You can connect your system to various devices using a standard four-wire cable. The USB connector improves upon serial and parallel port connectors with one standardized plug and port combination.
Data can flow two ways between a computer and peripheral over USB connections.
Make sure that you have the latest Windows Updates installed for your USB driver, particularly "XP Hotfix
KB822603."
1-3
Installing the USB-1616FS
What comes with your USB-1616FS shipment?
The following items are shipped with the USB-1616FS.
Hardware
USB-1616FS
Chapter 2
USB cable (24 AWG VBUS/GND, 2 meter length)
External power supply and cord (CB-PWR-9V3A) – 9 volt, 3 amp DC power supply
Additional documentation
In addition to this hardware user's guide, you should also receive the Quick Start Guide (available in PDF at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/DAQ-Software-Quick-Start.pdf
). This booklet supplies a brief description of the software you received with your USB-1616FS and information regarding installation of that software.
Please read this booklet completely before installing any software or hardware.
2-1
USB-1616FS User's Guide Installing the USB-1616FS
Unpacking the USB-1616FS
As with any electronic device, you should take care while handling to avoid damage from static electricity. Before removing the USB-1616FS from its packaging, ground yourself using a wrist strap or by simply touching the computer chassis or other grounded object to eliminate any stored static charge.
If your USB-1616FS arrives already damaged, notify Measurement Computing Corporation immediately by phone, fax, or email. For international customers, contact your local distributor where you purchased the USB-
1616FS.
Phone: 508-946-5100 and follow the instructions for reaching Tech Support.
Fax: 508-946-9500 to the attention of Tech Support
Email: [email protected]
Installing the software
Refer to the Quick Start Guide for instructions on installing the software on the Measurement Computing Data
Acquisition Software CD. This booklet is available in PDF at www.mccdaq.com/PDFmanuals/DAQ-Software-
Quick-Start.pdf
.
Installing the USB-1616FS
Before you connect the USB-1616FS to your computer, connect the external power supply that was shipped with the device.
You can connect up to four MCC USB Series products in a daisy chain configuration to a single USB 2.0 port on your computer. If your system has a USB 1.1 port, you can connect up to two MCC USB Series products.
Connecting the external power supply
Power to the USB-1616FS is provided with the +9 V external power supply (CB-PWR-9V3A). You must connect the external power supply before connecting the USB cable to the USB-1616FS and your computer.
To connect the power supply to your USB-1616FS, do the following.
1.
Connect the external power cord to the
POWER IN
connector on the rear of the USB-1616FS enclosure.
This connector is labeled
IN
on the board.
2.
Plug the power supply into a power outlet.
The
PWR
LED illuminates green when +9 V power is supplied to the USB-1616FS. If the voltage supply is less than +6.0 V or more than +12.5 V, the
PWR
LED does not light.
Do not connect external power to the POWER OUT connector
The power connector labeled
POWER OUT
on the enclosure (
OUT
on the board) is used to provide power to an additional MCC USB Series product. If you connect the external power supply to the
POWER OUT
connector, the USB-1616FS does not receive power, and the
PWR
LED does not illuminate.
2-2
USB-1616FS User's Guide Installing the USB-1616FS
Connecting the USB-1616FS to your system
To connect the USB-1616FS to your system, do the following.
1.
2.
Connect the USB cable that was shipped with the device to the USB connector labeled
USB IN
on the
USB-1616FS.
The USB cable supplied with the USB-1616FS has a higher gauge wire than generic USB cables, and is required for proper enumeration of the USB-1616FS.
Connect the other end of the USB cable to a USB port on your computer or to an external USB hub that is connected to your computer. The
PWR LED
illuminates green. The USB cable provides power and communication to the USB-1616FS.
The USB-1616FS installs as a composite device with separate devices attached. When you connect the USB-
1616FS for the first time,
Found New Hardware
popup balloons (Windows XP) or dialogs (other Windows versions) display as each USB-1616FS interface is detected. The
USB LED
blinks and then remains lit during this enumeration.
It is normal for multiple dialogs to appear when you connect the USB-1616FS for the first time. For additional information, refer to the "Notes on installing and using the USB-1616FS" that was shipped with the USB-
1616FS.
If you are running Windows XP and connect the USB-1616FS to a USB 1.1 port, a balloon displays the message "
Your USB device can perform faster if you connect to a USB 2.0 port
." You can ignore this message. The USB-1616FS will function properly when connected to a USB 1.1 port, although USB bandwidth is limited.
After the USB-1616FS is installed the
USB LED
remains lit to indicate that communication is established between the USB-1616FS and your computer.
If the USB LED turns off
If the USB LED is illuminated but then turns off, the computer has lost communication with the USB-1616FS.
To restore communication, disconnect the USB cable from the computer, and then reconnect it. This should restore communication, and the USB LED should turn back on.
Caution! Do not disconnect any device from the USB bus while the computer is communicating with the
USB-1616FS, or you may lose data and/or your ability to communicate with the USB-1616FS.
If your system does not detect the USB-1616FS
If a "
USB device not recognized
" message appears when you connect the USB-1616FS, do the following.
1.
3.
Unplug the USB cable from the USB-1616FS.
Unplug the external power cord from the
POWER IN
connector on the enclosure.
4.
5.
Plug the external power cord back into the
POWER IN
connector.
Plug the USB cable back into the USB-1616FS.
Your system should now properly detect the USB-1616FS hardware. Contact technical support if your system still does not detect the USB-1616FS.
2-3
USB-1616FS User's Guide Installing the USB-1616FS
Removing USB-1616FS boards from Windows XP systems
Device Manager may require up to 30 seconds to detect the removal of a USB-1616FS board from a Windows
XP system with Service Pack 1 or Service Pack 2 installed. This time increases with each additional connected board. If you remove four boards from your system, the time required for Device Manager to update may be almost two minutes.
If you re-attach the USB-1616FS to your system before Device Manager updates, the USB LED will not light.
Your system will not detect that new hardware is installed until Device Manager first detects that hardware has been removed.
The InstaCal software will be unresponsive during this re-detection time. Wait until Device Manager updates with the new hardware before running InstaCal. The USB-1616FS has been detected by the system when the
USB LED on the USB-1616FS is illuminated.
2-4
Chapter 3
Functional Details
Theory of operation - analog input acquisition modes
The USB-1616FS can acquire analog input data in three basic modes – software paced, continuous scan, and burst scan.
Software paced mode
You can acquire one analog sample at a time in software paced mode. You initiate the A/D conversion by calling a software command. The analog value is converted to digital data and returned to the computer. You can repeat this procedure until you have the total number of samples that you want from any one channel.
The maximum throughput sample rate in software paced mode is about 250 S/s, but may vary depending on your system.
Continuous scan mode
You can acquire data from up to 16 channels simultaneously in continuous scan mode. The analog data is continuously acquired, converted to digital values, and written to an on-board FIFO buffer on the USB-1616FS until you stop the scan. The FIFO buffer is serviced in blocks as the data is transferred from the USB-1616FS
FIFO buffer to the memory buffer on your computer.
You can acquire data with the USB-1616FS from one channel at 50 kS/s and up to 16 channels at 9.5 kS/s each.
software command or with an external hardware trigger event.
Burst scan mode
In burst scan mode, you can acquire data with the USB-1616FS using the full capacity of its 32K sample FIFO.
The acquired data is then read from the FIFO and transferred to a user memory buffer on the computer. You can initiate a single acquisition sequence for any number of input channels by either a software command or an external hardware trigger.
Burst scans are limited to the depth of the on-board memory, as the data is acquired at a rate faster than it can be transferred to the computer. The maximum sampling rate is an aggregate rate, where the total acquisition rate for all channels is 200 kS/s divided by the number of channels. The maximum rate for each channel is 50 kS/s.
The maximum rate that you can acquire data using burst scan mode is 50 kS/s per channel for one, two, or four channels, and 12.5 kS/s per channel for 16 channels.
3-1
USB-1616FS User's Guide
Internal components
Major components on the USB-1616FS are shown in Figure 3-1.
Two (2) USB connectors
Two (2) external power connectors
USB LED
PWR LED
Four (4) Screw terminal banks
USB
OUT
USB IN POWER IN
POWER
OUT
Functional Details
PWR LED
USB LED
I/O screw terminal connectors
I/O screw terminal connectors
Figure 3-1. USB-1616FS module components
USB OUT connector
The
USB OUT
connector is a downstream hub output port intended for use with other MCC USB Series products only. The USB hub is self-powered, and can provide 100 mA maximum current at 5 V. The USB out connector is labeled
USB OUT
on the enclosure and on the board.
For information on daisy chaining to other MCC USB Series products, refer to
Daisy chaining additional modules to the USB-1616FS on page 3-7.
USB IN connector
Connect the
USB IN
connector to the USB port on your computer (or USB hub connected to your computer).
The USB in connector is labeled
USB IN
on the enclosure and on the board.
3-2
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
External power connectors
The USB-1616FS has two external power connectors labeled
POWER IN
and
POWER OUT
on the enclosure.
The
POWER IN
connector is labeled
IN
on the board, and the
POWER OUT
connector is labeled
OUT
on the board.
To supply external power, connect the
POWER IN
connector to the supplied +9 V external power supply
(CB-PWR-9V3A).
The
POWER OUT
connector lets you power additional daisy chained MCC USB Series products from a single external power supply. The C-MAPWR-x cable is available from MCC to connect additional MCC USB Series products.
USB LED
The
USB
LED indicates the communication status of the USB-1616FS. This LED uses up to 5 mA of current
and cannot be disabled. Table 3-1 explains the function of the USB LED.
Table 3-1. USB LED Illumination
USB LED illumination
Steady green
Blinks continuously
Indication
The USB-1616FS is connected to a computer or external USB hub.
Initial communication is established between the USB-1616FS and the computer, or data is being transferred.
PWR LED
The USB-1616FS incorporates an on-board voltage supervisory circuit that monitors the USB VBUS (5V) and the external 9 V power supply. If the input voltage falls outside of the specified ranges the
PWR
LED shuts off
(see
Table 3-2. PWR LED Illumination
PWR LED illumination
Steady green
Off
Indication
USB +5 V power or +9 V external power is supplied to the USB-1616FS.
Input power is not supplied, or a power fault has occurred. A power fault occurs when the input power falls outside of the specified voltage range:
USB VBUS (+5 V): 4.75 V to 5.25 V
External power: (+9 V): 6.0 V to 12.5 V
Screw terminal wiring
The USB-1616FS has two rows of screw terminals. Each row has 26 connections. Signal labels are shown in
Figure 3-2. USB-1616FS screw terminals
3-3
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
The screw terminals provide the following connections:
eight digital I/O terminals (
DIO 0
to
DIO 7
)
one external digital trigger terminal (
TRIG IN
)
one power terminal (
5V
)
eight ground terminals (
GND 0
to
7
)
one external event counter terminal (
CTR
)
one terminal for external clocking and multi-unit synchronization (
SYNC
)
16 analog input terminals (
CHANNEL IN 0 to 15
)
16 analog ground terminals (
AGND 0 to 15
)
Use 14 AWG to 30 AWG wire for your signal connections.
Caution! Keep the length of stripped wire at a minimum to avoid a short to the enclosure! When connecting your field wiring to the screw terminals, use the strip gage on the terminal strip, or strip to 5.5 - 7.0 mm (0.215" to 0.275") long.
Each screw terminal is identified with a label on the board and on the underside of the enclosure lid. Refer to
Table 3-3 for the signal name associated with each board label.
Board label
Table 3-3. Board labels and associated signal names
Signal name Board label Signal name
DIO
TRIG IN TRIG IN
GND
CTR CTR
CHANNEL IN AGND
Analog input terminals (CH0 IN to CH15 IN)
You can connect up to 16 analog input connections (
CH0 IN
through
CH15 IN
) to the screw terminals labeled
Channel IN 0-15
. We recommend that you connect unused analog input terminals to ground terminals during operation. For example, if you are not using
CH7 IN
, connect this terminal to
AGND 7
.
Input configuration
All of the analog input channels are configured for single-ended input mode. Each analog signal is referenced to a signal ground (AGND), and requires two wires:
The wire carrying the signal to be measured connects to CH# IN.
The second wire connects to AGND.
3-4
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
The input voltage ranges are ±10 V, ±5 V, ±2.0 V, and ±1.0 V. The following image illustrates a typical singleended measurement connection.
CH1 IN
AGND1
Figure 3-3. Single-Ended measurement connection
The following image shows the single-ended measurement data acquired by TracerDAQ's strip chart.
Figure 3-4. TracerDAQ showing single-ended measurement data
For more information on analog signal connections
For more information on single-ended inputs, refer to the Guide to Signal Connections (this document is available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/signals/signals.pdf
).
Digital I/O terminals (DIO0 to DIO7)
You can connect up to eight digital I/O lines to the screw terminals labeled
DIO 0
to
DIO 7
. You can configure each digital bit for either input or output. All digital I/O lines are pulled up to USB +5V with a 47 K resistor
(default). You can request the factory to configure the resistors for pull-down to ground if desired.
When you configure the digital bits for input, you can use the USB-1616FS digital I/O terminals to detect the state of any TTL-level input. Refer to the switch circuit shown in
position, DIO4 reads FALSE (0).
Figure 3-5 and the schematic shown in Figure
3-5
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
Figure 3-5. Digital connection DIO4 detecting the state of a switch
DIO4
GND 5V
Figure 3-6. Schematic showing switch connection to digital channel DIO4
For more information on digital signal connections
For general information regarding digital signal connections and digital I/O techniques, refer to the Guide to
Signal Connections (available on our web site at www.mccdaq.com/signals/signals.pdf
).
Power terminals
The
+5V
terminal (labeled
5V
) draws power from either the USB connector VBUS terminal or the external power supply.
Caution! The +5V terminal is an output. Do not connect to an external power supply or you may damage the USB-1616FS and possibly the computer.
The maximum amount of +5 V current from the +5 V terminal is limited to 50 mA.
Ground terminals
The USB-1616FS has 16 analog ground connections (
AGND 0 to 15
) and eight digital ground connections
(
GND 0 to 7
). The analog ground connections provide a common ground for the analog input channels. The ground connections provide a common ground for the
DIO 0
to
DIO 7
,
TRIG IN
,
CTR
,
SYNC
and
VDC
connections.
Counter terminal
The CTR terminal (
CTR
) is a TTL level input to a 32-bit event counter. The internal counter increments when the TTL level transitions from low to high. The counter can count frequencies of up to 1 MHz.
3-6
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
Trigger terminal
The trigger terminal (
TRIG IN
) is an external digital trigger input. You can configure this terminal with software for either rising (default) or falling edge.
SYNC terminal
The
SYNC
terminal is a bidirectional I/O signal that you can use for two purposes:
Configure as an external clock input to externally clock the A/D conversions. The
SYNC
terminal supports
TTL-level input signals.
Configure as an output to synchronize with a second USB-1616FS and acquire data from 32 channels.
Refer to the pinout diagram on page 3-4 for the location of this pin. For more information, refer to
" Synchronizing multiple units " on page 3-11.
Daisy chaining additional modules to the USB-1616FS
Daisy chained MCC USB Series products connect to the USB bus through the high-speed hub on the USB-
1616FS. You can daisy chain a maximum of four MCC USB Series products to a single USB 2.0 port on your computer, or a maximum of two devices to a single USB 1.1 port. Use the supplied cable or an equivalent cable for daisy chaining to additional MCC USB Series products.
MCC USB Series products are USB 2.0 full-speed devices that provide a signaling bit rate of 12 Mb/s. The throughput rate is shared by all devices connected to the USB bus.
To daisy-chain two or more USB-1616FS modules, follow the steps below. This procedure assumes you already have one USB-1616FS connected to a computer and to the external power source. The USB-1616FS already connected to the computer is referred to as the connected module. The USB-1616FS you want to daisy-chain to the connected module is referred to as the new module.
1.
Connect the
Power OUT
connector on the connected module to the
POWER IN
connector on the new module.
2.
Connect the
USB OUT
connector on the connected module to the
USB IN
connector on the new module.
3.
For each additional module you want to add, repeat steps 1-2, with the module you just daisy chained now being the connected module.
A daisy chain system is shown in
USB port to
USB IN
POWER OUT to POWER IN
USB OUT to USB IN
CB-PWR-9V3A supply to POWER IN
POWER OUT to POWER IN
USB OUT to USB IN
Figure 3-7. USB-1616FS daisy-chain connections
3-7
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
Sample rate limitations when using multiple USB-1616FS devices
The maximum sample rate when using multiple USB-1616FS boards is system-dependent. Multiple board performance is limited by an overall aggregate sample rate. The maximum throughput is in number of samples taken per second. The rate is irrespective of the number of channels sampled or the number of boards installed.
The maximum sample rate of any one channel is limited to 50 KS/s.
The typical limiting factor for throughput is CPU usage. At maximum system throughput, virtually all available
CPU power is consumed by the USB data transfer. When you run your system close to its maximum throughput, the amount of CPU power that is available for running other concurrent processes is limited.
Benchmark performance rates are listed in the Specifications chapter on page 4-2.
Power limitations when using multiple USB-1616FS devices
When daisy chaining additional MCC USB Series products to the USB-1616FS, you must ensure that you provide adequate power to each board that you connect. The USB-1616FS is powered with a 9 VDC nominal,
3.0 A external power supply.
Voltage drop
A drop in voltage occurs with each board connected in a daisy chain system. The voltage drop between the power supply input and the daisy chain output is 0.5 V maximum. Factor in this voltage drop when you configure a daisy chain system to ensure that at least 6.0 VDC is provided to the last board in the chain.
Accuracy
The overall accuracy of any instrument is limited by the error components within the system. Quite often, resolution is incorrectly used to quantify the performance of a measurement product. While "16-bits" or "1 part in 65536" does indicate what can be resolved, it provides little insight into the quality, or accuracy, of an absolute measurement. Accuracy specifications describe the actual measurement that can be relied upon with a
USB-1616FS.
There are three types of errors which affect the accuracy of a measurement system:
offset
gain
nonlinearity
The primary error sources in the USB-1616FS are offset and gain. Nonlinearity is small in the USB-1616FS, and is not significant as an error source with respect to offset and gain.
USB-1616FS is range-dependent, as explained in Chapter 4, "Specifications." We use a ±10V range as an example of what you can expect when performing a measurement in this range.
3-8
USB-1616FS User's Guide
The accuracy plot in Figure 3-8 is drawn for clarity and is not drawn to scale.
Input Voltage
+10V
Functional Details
0
32768 65535
Output Code
-10V
Figure 3-8. Ideal USB-1616FS transfer function
The USB-1616FS offset error is measured at mid-scale. Ideally, a zero volt input should produce an output code of 32768. Any deviation from this is an offset error.
Figure 3-9 shows the USB-1616FS transfer function with
an offset error. The typical offset error specification for the USB-1616FS on the ±10 V range is ±1.66 mV.
Offset error affects all codes equally by shifting the entire transfer function up or down along the input voltage axis.
The accuracy plots in Figure 3-9 are drawn for clarity and are not drawn to scale.
Input Voltage
+10V
Ideal
Offset=1.66mV
0
Actual
32768
1.66mV
65535
Output Code
-10V
Figure 3-9. USB-1616FS transfer function with offset error
Gain error is a change in the slope of the transfer function from the ideal, and is typically expressed as a percentage of full-scale.
Figure 3-10 shows the USB-1616FS transfer function with gain error. Gain error is
easily converted to voltage by multiplying the full-scale input (±10 V) by the error.
3-9
USB-1616FS User's Guide
The accuracy plots in Figure 3-10 are drawn for clarity and are not drawn to scale.
Input Voltage
+10V
Ideal
Gain error = +0.04%, or +4mV
Gain error = -0.04%, or -4mV
Actual
Functional Details
0
32768 65535
Output Code
-10V
Figure 3-10. USB-1616FS transfer function with gain error
For example, the USB-1616FS exhibits a typical calibrated gain error of ±0.04% on all ranges. For the ±10 V range, this would yield 10 V × ±0.0004 = ±4 mV. This means that at full scale, neglecting the effect of offset for the moment, the measurement would be within 4 mV of the actual value. Note that gain error is expressed as a ratio. Values near ±FS (±10 V) are more affected from an absolute voltage standpoint than are values near midscale, which see little or no voltage error.
Combining these two error sources in
Figure 3-11 , we have a plot of the error band of the USB-1616FS at ±full
scale (±10 V). This plot is a graphical version of the typical accuracy specification of the product.
The accuracy plots in Figure 3-11 are drawn for clarity and are not drawn to scale.
Input Voltage
+10V
Ideal +1.66mV + 4mV
Ideal
Ideal -(1.66mV + 4mV)
0
1.66mV
32768 65535
Output Code
Ideal +1.66mV + 4mV
Ideal
Ideal -(1.66mV + 4mV)
-10V
Figure 3-11. USB-1616FS error band plot
3-10
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
Gain queue
The USB-1616FS gain queue allows you to set up a different gain setting for each channel. The gain queue removes the restriction of having a single gain for all channels. This feature creates a gain list which is written to local memory on the USB-1616FS. The gain list is made up of a channel number and range setting. An example of a 16-element list is shown in
Element
0
1
2
3
4
Table 3-4. Sample gain queue list
Channel
CH0
CH1
CH2
CH3
CH4
Range
BIP10V
BIP5V
BIP10V
BIP1V
BIP2V
Note that the gain queue must contain 16 elements that include all 16 channels. You must carefully match the gain to the expected voltage range on the associated channel — otherwise, an over range condition can occur.
Although this condition does not damage the USB-1616FS, it does produce a useless full-scale reading. It can also introduce a long recovery time due to saturation of the input channel.
Synchronizing multiple units
You can connect the SYNC pin of two USB-1616FS units together in a master/slave configuration and acquire data synchronously from 32 channels. When the SYNC pin is configured as an output, the internal A/D pacer clock signal is present at the screw terminal. You can output the A/D pacer clock to the SYNC pin of a second
USB-1616FS configured for A/D pacer input.
You set the function of the SYNC pin (pin 42) for pacer input or pacer output by using InstaCal. By default, the
SYNC pin is set for pacer input. To synchronize a master USB-1616FS with a slave USB-1616FS and acquire data from 32 channels, follow the steps below:
1.
2.
Run InstaCal.
Double-click on the USB-1616FS listing on the
PC Board List
on the
InstaCal
main window. The
Board
Configuration
dialog displays.
3.
Configure the SYNC pin of the master USB-1616FS for pacer output: o o
Double-click on the USB-1616FS that you want to configure as the master. The
Board Configuration
dialog displays.
Click to select the
Enable Sync output
check box and then click
OK
.
3-11
USB-1616FS User's Guide Functional Details
4.
Configure the SYNC pin of the slave USB-1616FS for pacer input: o o
Double-click on the USB-1616FS that you want to configure as the slave. The
Board Configuration
dialog displays.
Make sure that the
Enable Sync output
check box is not checked (unchecked is the default setting).
5.
Connect the SYNC pin of the master USB-1616FS to the SYNC pin of the slave USB-1616FS.
6.
Set the Universal Library
EXTCLOCK
option with cbAInScan()/AInScan
for the slave USB-1616FS to enable external pacer clock input.
An example of a master/slave configuration is shown below.
Master
USB-1616FS
Configure the
SYNC pin for output
SYNC pin pin 42
Slave
USB-1616FS
Set the Universal Library
EXTCLOCK
option with cbAInScan()/AInScan() for the slave USB-1616FS
Configure the
SYNC pin for input
Figure 3-12. Configuring for synchronous data acquisition
When you are operating one USB-1616FS, do not set the
EXTCLOCK
option unless you are using an external clock for A/D pacing.
3-12
Chapter 4
Specifications
Typical for 25 °C unless otherwise specified.
Specifications in italic text are guaranteed by design.
Analog input
A/D converters
Number of channels
Input configuration
Sampling method
Absolute maximum input voltage
Input impedance
Input bandwidth (-3 dB)
Input leakage current
Input capacitance
Offset temperature drift
Gain temperature drift
Input ranges
Sampling rate
CHx IN to GND
All ranges
Software selectable
Scan to PC memory
16-bit, SAR type
16 single-ended
Individual A/D per channel
Simultaneous
±15 V max.
100 MOhm, min.
50 kHz typ.
±1 µA typ.
50 pf typ.
15 ppm/°C typ.
35 ppm/°C typ.
±10 V, ±5 V, ±2 V, ±1 V
0.6 S/s to 50 kS/s, software programmable
Burst scan to 32 k sample
FIFO
Software paced
20 S/s to 50 kS/s, software programmable
30 – 500 S/s all channels (throughput is system dependant) Throughput
Gain queue
Resolution
No missing codes
Crosstalk
Calibration voltages
Scan to PC memory
Burst scan to 32 k
Sample FIFO
Dc – 25 kHz (sine)
Refer to the Single Board Throughput and Multiple Board
Throughput sections that follow this table.
= (200 kS/s) / (# of channels), max of 50 kS/s for any channel
Software configurable. Sixteen elements, one gain element per channel.
16 bits
15 bits
-80 dB min.
0 V, ±0.625 V, ±1.25 V, ±2.5 V, ±5.0 V, software selectable
±0.5% typ., ±1.0% max. Calibration voltage accuracy
(Note 1)
Temperature sensor range
Temperature sensor accuracy
Trigger source
0 °C to +70 °C max.
±3 °C typ.
Note 1:
Actual values used for calibration are measured and stored in EEPROM.
4-1
USB-1616FS User's Guide Specifications
Single board throughput
The USB-1616FS has an integral USB hub, which allows up to four USB-1616FS boards to be daisy chained
that can be expected in single board systems. For details on throughput in systems using multiple USB-1616FS boards, please refer to the next section "Multiple board throughput."
Table 1. Single board throughput: Scan to PC memory
Number of Input Channels Per-channel Throughput (kS/s)
(Note 2)
1 50000
2 50000
3 36000
4 30000
5 25000
6 22000
7 19000
8 17000
9 15000
10 14000
11 12500
12 12000
13 11250
14 10500
15 10000
16 9500
Note 2:
The throughput data in
Table 1 applies to a single USB-1616FS device installation only.
Maximum throughput scanning to PC memory is highly machine dependent.
on your machine.
ble 1 is for Windows XP only. The maximum throughput rates on
operating systems that predate Windows XP may be less and must be determined through testing
Multiple board throughput
The USB-1616FS has an integral USB hub, which allows up to four USB-1616FS boards to be daisy chained and connected to a single USB 2.0 port on the host computer. (The data shown in Table 1 reflects the throughput that can be expected in single board systems.) The transfer of USB-1616FS data over the USB bus is very CPU intensive. The transfer rate using multiple USB-1616FS boards is both CPU intensive and system dependent. This makes it impossible for us to provide a guaranteed spec for multi-board maximum sample rate.
However, the benchmark performance shown below should serve as a guide for what you may expect.
Multiple board performance is limited by an overall aggregate sample rate. The maximum throughput will be in number of samples taken per second irrespective of the number of channels sampled* or number of boards installed. For example, if the maximum throughput in a system is 150,000 samples per second, you may sample
20 channels at 7.5 kS/s, 30 channels at 5 kS/s, 40 channels at 3.75 kS/s, etc.
*the maximum sample rate of any one channel is limited to 50 KS/s.
4-2
USB-1616FS User's Guide Specifications
Throughput benchmarks
Throughput System
240 kS/s
240 kS/s
130 kS/s
220 kS/s
260 kS/s
250 kS/s
2.4 GHz P4 running Win XP, Service Pack 2, using an integrated USB Enhanced Host Controller
(EHC) port
2.4 GHz P4, Phoenix BIOS, Win XP, Service Pack 2, integrated USB EHC port
2 GHz, Xeon, Win XP, Service Pack 2, hyperthreading turned OFF, using an integrated USB EHC port
2 GHz, Xeon, Win XP, Service Pack 2, hyperthreading turned ON, using an integrated USB EHC port
2.4 GHz, P4 running Win XP, Service Pack 1, using Belkin PCI-bus USB 2.0 card
2.4 GHz, P4 running Win XP, Service Pack 1, using StarTec PCI-bus USB 2.0 card
Usage note
The typical limiting factor on throughput is CPU usage. At maximum system throughput, virtually all available
CPU power will be consumed by the USB data transfer. This is an important note since running your system close to its maximum throughput will certainly limit the amount of CPU power available for running other concurrent processes (for example, plotting or real-time analysis).
Table 2. Calibrated absolute accuracy
±10 V
±5 V
±2 V
±1 V
Range
±10 V
±5 V
±2 V
±1 V
±5.66
±2.98
±1.31
±0.68
Table 3. Accuracy components - all values are (±)
% of Reading
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
Gain Error at FS (mV)
4.00
2.00
0.80
0.40
Table 4. Noise performance
Offset (mV)
1.66
0.98
0.51
0.28
Range
±10 V
±5 V
±2 V
±1 V
Typical Counts LSBrms
10
10
11
14
1.52
1.52
1.67
2.12
Noise distribution is determined by gathering 50 k samples with analog inputs tied to ground (AGND) at the user connector. Samples are gathered at the maximum specified sampling rate of 50 kS/s.
4-3
USB-1616FS User's Guide Specifications
Digital input/output
Digital type
Number of I/O
Configuration
Pull up/pull-down configuration
Digital I/O transfer rate (software paced)
Input high voltage
Input low voltage
Output high voltage (IOH = -2.5 mA)
Output low voltage (IOL = 2.5 mA)
Power on and reset state
External trigger
CMOS
8 (DIO0 through DIO7)
Independently configured for input or output
All pins pulled up to USB VBUS via 47 K resistors (default). Positions available for pull down to ground (GND). Hardware selectable via zero ohm resistors as a factory option.
System dependent, 33 to 1000 port reads/writes or single bit reads/writes per second typ.
2.0 V min., 5.5 V absolute max.
0.8 V max., -0.5 V absolute min.
3.8 V min.
0.7 V max.
Input
Trigger source (Note 3)
Trigger mode
Trigger latency
Trigger pulse width
Input high voltage
Input low voltage
Input leakage current
Note 3:
External digital TRIG_IN
Software selectable Edge Sensitive: user configurable for CMOS compatible rising (default) or falling edge.
10 µs max.
1 µs min
4.0 V min, 5.5 V absolute max.
1.0 V max,-0.5 V min
±1.0µA
TRIG_IN is a Schmitt trigger input protected with a 1.5 k Ohm series resistor.
External clock input/output
Pin name
Pin type
Software selectable direction
SYNC
Bidirectional
Input clock rate
Clock pulse width
Input leakage current
Input high voltage
Input low voltage
Output high voltage (Note 4)
Output low voltage (Note 4)
Input
Input
Output
IOH = -2.5 mA
No load
IOL = 2.5 mA
No load
Receives A/D pacer clock from external source.
Rising edge sensitive.
50 kHz, maximum
1 µs min.
5 µs min.
±1.0 µA
4.0 V min., 5.5 V absolute max.
1.0 V max., -0.5 V absolute min.
3.3 V min.
3.8 V min.
1.1 V max.
0.6 V max.
Note 4:
SYNC is a Schmitt trigger input and is over-current protected with a 200 Ohm series resistor.
4-4
USB-1616FS User's Guide Specifications
Counter
Pin name
Counter type
Number of channels
Input type
Counter/timer read/write rates (software paced)
Schmidt trigger hysteresis
Input leakage current
Maximum input frequency
High pulse width
Low pulse width
Input low voltage
Input high voltage
Memory
Data FIFO
EEPROM configuration
32,768 samples, 65,536 bytes
CTR
Event counter
1
TTL, rising edge triggered
Counter Read – System dependent, 33 to 1000 reads per second.
Counter Clear – System-dependent, 33 to 1000 writes per second.
20 mV to 100 mV
± 1 µA
1 MHz
500 ns min.
500 ns min.
1.0 V min., -0.5 V max.
4.0 V min., 5.5 V max.
Address range Access
0x000-0x07F
0x080-0x1FF
0x200-0x3FF
Reserved
Read/Write
Read/Write
Description
128 bytes system data
384 bytes calibration data
512 bytes user area
Microcontroller
Type
Program memory
Data memory
Power
High performance 8-bit RISC microcontroller
16,384 words
2,048 bytes
Supply current
Supply current (Note 5)
User +5 V output voltage range (Note 6)
User +5V output current (Note 7)
USB enumeration
Continuous mode
Available at terminal block pin 48
Available at terminal block pin 48
<100 mA
350 mA typ.
4.0 V min.
5.25 V max.
50 mA max.
Note 5:
This is the total current requirement for the USB-1616FS which includes up to 10mA for the status LED’s.
Note 6:
Output voltage range assumes input power supply voltage is within specified limits
Note 7:
This refers to the total amount of current that can be sourced from the 5 V screw terminal (pin
48) for general use. This spec includes any additional contribution due to DIO loading.
USB +5 V voltage
USB +5V (VBUS) input voltage range. 4.75 V min. to 5.25 V max.
4-5
USB-1616FS User's Guide Specifications
External power input
External power input
Voltage supervisor limits - PWR LED.
(Note 8)
6.0 V > Vext or Vext > 12.5 V
6.0 V < Vext < 12.5 V
MCC p/n CB-PWR-9V3A
+6.0 VDC to 12.5 VDC (9 VDC power supply included).
PWR LED = Off (power fault)
PWR LED = On
+9 V ±10%, @ 3 A External power adapter (included)
Note 8:
The USB-1616FS monitors the external +9 V power supply voltage with a voltage supervisory circuit. If this power supply exceeds its specified limit, the PWR LED will turn off indicating a power fault condition.
External power output
External power output - current range
External power output
Note 9
Voltage drop between power input and daisy chain power output
C-MAPWR-x
4.0 A max.
0.5 V max
Compatible cable(s) for daisy chain
Note 9:
X = 2, 3 or 6 feet
The daisy chain power output option allows multiple MCC USB Series products to be powered from a single external power source in a daisy chain fashion. The voltage drop between the module power supply input and the daisy chain output is 0.5 V max. Users must plan for this drop to assure the last module in the chain will receive at least 6.0 VDC
USB specifications
USB "B" connector
USB device type
Device compatibility
USB "A" connector
USB hub type
Compatible products
USB cable type (upstream and downstream)
USB cable length
Environmental
Operating temperature range
Storage temperature range
Humidity
Mechanical
Card dimensions
Enclosure dimensions
Input
USB 2.0 (full-speed)
Use of multiple USB-1616FS boards requires a USB 2.0 hub.
USB 1.1, USB 2.0
Downstream hub output port
Supports USB 2.0 high-speed, full-speed and low-speed operating points.
Self-powered, 100 mA max downstream VBUS capability
MCC USB Series devices
A-B cable, UL type AWM 2527 or equivalent. (min 24 AWG VBUS/GND, min
28 AWG D+/D-)
3 meters max.
0 to 70 ° C
-40 to 85 ° C
0 to 90% non-condensing
203.2 mm (L) x 121.9 mm (W) x 20.0 mm (H)
8.0" (L) x 4.8" (W) x 0.8" (H)
241.3 mm (L) x 125.7 mm (W) x 58.9 mm (H)
9.50" (L) x 4.95" (W)x 2.32" (H)
4-6
USB-1616FS User's Guide
Screw terminal connector
Connector type
Wire gauge range
Screw terminal
14 AWG to 30 AWG
Connector pin out
Board label
DIO
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
Signal name
DIO 0
DIO 1
DIO 2
DIO 3
DIO 4
DIO 5
DIO 6
TRIG IN TRIG IN
CHANNEL IN
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
CH 0
CH 1
CH 2
CH 3
CH 3
CH 4
CH 5
CH 6
CH 8
CH 9
CH 10
CH 11
CH 12
CH 13
CH 14
CH 15
AGND
Board label
GND
4
5
6
0
1
2
3
CTR
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
Signal name
GND 0
GND 1
GND 2
GND 3
GND 4
GND 5
GND 6
CTR
AGND 0
AGND 1
AGND 2
AGND 3
AGND 4
AGND 5
AGND 6
AGND 7
AGND 8
AGND 9
AGND 10
AGND 11
AGND 12
AGND 13
AGND 14
AGND 15
Specifications
4-7
Declaration of Conformity
Manufacturer: Measurement Computing Corporation
Address: 10 Commerce Way
1008
Norton, MA 02766
USA
Measurement Computing Corporation declares under sole responsibility that the product
USB-1616FS
to which this declaration relates is in conformity with the relevant provisions of the following standards or other documents:
EU EMC Directive 89/336/EEC: Electromagnetic Compatibility, EN 61326 (1997) Amendment 1 (1998)
Emissions: Group 1, Class A
EN 55011 (1990)/CISPR 11: Radiated and Conducted emissions.
Immunity: EN61326, Annex A
IEC 1000-4-2 (1995): Electrostatic Discharge immunity, Criteria C.
IEC 1000-4-3 (1995): Radiated Electromagnetic Field immunity Criteria C.
IEC 1000-4-4 (1995): Electric Fast Transient Burst immunity Criteria A.
IEC 1000-4-5 (1995): Surge immunity Criteria C.
IEC 1000-4-6 (1996): Radio Frequency Common Mode immunity Criteria A.
IEC 1000-4-8 (1994): Magnetic Field immunity Criteria A.
IEC 1000-4-11 (1994): Voltage Dip and Interrupt immunity Criteria A.
Declaration of Conformity based on tests conducted by Chomerics Test Services, Woburn, MA 01801, USA in
February, 2005. Test records are outlined in Chomerics Test Report #EMI4133.05.
We hereby declare that the equipment specified conforms to the above Directives and Standards.
Carl Haapaoja, Director of Quality Assurance
Measurement Computing Corporation
10 Commerce Way
Suite 1008
Norton, Massachusetts 02766
(508) 946-5100
Fax: (508) 946-9500
E-mail:
[email protected]
www.mccdaq.com
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Table of contents
- 11 Hardware
- 11 Additional documentation
- 12 Connecting the external power supply
- 13 Connecting the USB-1616FS to your system
- 13 If your system does not detect the USB-1616FS
- 14 Removing USB-1616FS boards from Windows XP systems
- 15 Software paced mode
- 15 Continuous scan mode
- 15 Burst scan mode
- 16 USB OUT connector
- 16 USB IN connector
- 17 External power connectors
- 17 USB LED
- 17 PWR LED
- 17 Screw terminal wiring
- 18 Analog input terminals (CH0 IN to CH15 IN)
- 18 Input configuration
- 19 Digital I/O terminals (DIO0 to DIO7)
- 20 Power terminals
- 20 Ground terminals
- 20 Counter terminal
- 21 Trigger terminal
- 21 SYNC terminal
- 22 Sample rate limitations when using multiple USB-1616FS devices
- 22 Power limitations when using multiple USB-1616FS devices
- 22 Voltage drop
- 28 Single board throughput
- 28 Multiple board throughput
- 29 Throughput benchmarks
- 29 Usage note