Fluke 116 Digital HVAC Multimeter manual
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Fluke 116 Digital HVAC Multimeter can measure AC/DC voltage, resistance, capacitance, frequency, temperature and test diodes and continuity. It has a 6000-count display with a bar graph, and it is CAT III IEC 61010-1 2nd Edition compliant. The Auto Volts and LoZ functions make it easy to measure voltage in circuits that could be damaged by a low input impedance, and the MIN/MAX/AVG recording mode allows you to capture and record the minimum, maximum, and average readings. Other features include a continuity beeper, a diode test, a temperature measurement function, and a backlight.
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PN 2538688
July 2006, Rev. 1, 2/07
© 2006, 2007 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in China
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
116
True-rms Multimeter
®
Users Manual
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
This Fluke product will be free from defects in material and workmanship for three years from the date of purchase. This warranty does not cover fuses, disposable batteries, or damage from accident, neglect, misuse, alteration, contamination, or abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Resellers are not authorized to extend any other warranty on Fluke’s behalf. To obtain service during the warranty period, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain return authorization information, then send the product to that Service Center with a description of the problem.
THIS WARRANTY IS YOUR ONLY REMEDY. NO OTHER WARRANTIES, SUCH AS
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. FLUKE
IS NOT LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUEN-
TIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY. Since some states or countries do not allow the exclusion or limitation of an implied warranty or of incidental or consequential damages, this limitation of liability may not apply to you.
Fluke Corporation
P.O. Box 9090
Everett, WA 98206-9090
U.S.A.
Fluke Europe B.V.
P.O. Box 1186
5602 BD Eindhoven
The Netherlands
11/99
Introduction
The Fluke Model 116, is a battery-powered, true-rms multimeter (hereafter "the Meter") with a 6000-count display and a bar graph.
This meter meets CAT III IEC 61010-1 2 nd standards. The IEC 61010-1 2 nd
Edition
Edition safety standard defines four measurement categories (CAT I to IV) based on the magnitude of danger from transient impulses. CAT III meters are designed to protect against transients in fixed-equipment installations at the distribution level.
True-rms Multimeter
Contacting Fluke
To contact Fluke, call:
USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853)
Canada: 1-800-36-FLUKE (1-800-363-5853)
Europe: +31 402-675-200
Japan: +81-3-3434-0181
Singapore +65-738-5655
Anywhere in the world: +1-425-446-5500
Visit Fluke's web site at www.fluke.com
.
Register your Meter at register.fluke.com
.
Unsafe Voltage
To alert you to the presence of a potentially hazardous voltage, the Y symbol is displayed when the Meter measures a voltage ≥30 V or a voltage overload (OL) condition. When making frequency measurements >1 kHz, the Y symbol is unspecified.
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Safety Information
A " XWWarning" statement identifies hazardous conditions and actions that could cause bodily harm or death.
A " WCaution" statement identifies conditions and actions that could damage the Meter or the equipment under test.
•
•
•
•
•
To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines:
•
Use the Meter only as specified in this manual or the protection provided by the Meter might be impaired.
• Do not use the Meter or test leads if they appear damaged, or if the Meter is not operating properly.
Always use proper terminals, switch position, and range for measurements.
Verify the Meter's operation by measuring a known voltage. If in doubt, have the Meter serviced.
• Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on Meter, between terminals or between any terminal and earth ground.
•
Use caution with voltages above 30 V ac rms, 42 V ac peak, or 60 V dc. These voltages pose a shock hazard.
• Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance.
Do not use the Meter around explosive gas or vapor.
When using test leads or probes, keep your fingers behind the finger guards.
Only use test leads that have the same voltage, category, and amperage ratings as the meter and that have been approved by a safety agency.
• Remove test leads from Meter before opening the battery door or Meter case.
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True-rms Multimeter
•
•
•
•
•
•
Comply with local and national safety requirements when working in hazardous locations.
Use proper protective equipment, as required by local or national authorities when working in hazardous areas.
Avoid working alone.
Use only the replacement fuse specified or the protection may be impaired.
Check the test leads for continuity before use. Do not use if the readings are high or noisy.
Do not use the Auto Volts function to measure voltages in circuits that could be damaged by this function’s low input impedance (
≈3 kΩ).
F
~
Symbols
N Battery (Low battery when shown on display.)
DC (Direct Current)
W Important Information; Refer to manual
D AC and DC
Do not dispose of this product as unsorted municipal waste. Contact Fluke or a qualified recycler for disposal.
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Display
5 6 7
3
2
1
4
9
8
10
11
14
13 15
12
16 eeo02f.eps
No. Symbol
A s
Meaning
The Meter function is set to Continuity.
B
C
D
R
O
Y
The Meter function is set to Diode Test
Input is a negative value.
X Unsafe voltage. Measured input voltage ≥ 30 V, or voltage overload condition
(OL).
E K Display hold enabled. Display freezes present reading.
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True-rms Multimeter
Display
No. Symbol
F M
VWX
MIN MAX AVG mode enabled.
Meaning
Maximum, minimum, average or present reading displayed
G
H
I
J
K
LoZ nµ°F°C mVµA
Mk Ω kHz
DC AC
N
610000 mV
The Meter is measuring voltage or capacitiance with a low input impedance.
Measurement units.
Direct current or alternating current
Battery low warning.
Indicates the Meter’s range selection.
L
M
N
O
P
(Bar graph)
Auto Volts
Auto
Manual
+
0L
0PEn
Analog display.
The Meter is in the Auto Volts function.
Auto ranging. The Meter selects the range for best resolution.
Manual ranging. User sets the Meter’s range.
Bar graph polarity
W The input is too large for the selected range.
Thermocouple missing or defective when Temperature function is selected.
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Terminals
COM
+
2
1 edy01f.eps
No. Description
A
B
Common (return) terminal for all measurements.
Input terminal for measuring voltage, continuity, resistance, capacitance, frequency, temperature, microamps and testing diodes.. bAtt
CAL Err
EEPr Err
F11Err
Error Messages
Battery must be replaced before the Meter will operate.
Calibration required. Meter calibration is required before the Meter will operate.
Internal error. The Meter must be repaired before it will operate.
Internal error. The Meter must be repaired before it will operate.
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True-rms Multimeter
Rotary Switch Positions
Switch Position Measurement Function x e
Hz (button)
D
Automatically selects ac or dc volts based on the sensed input with a low impedance input.
AC voltage from 0.06 to 600 V.
Frequency from 5 Hz to 50 kHz.
DC voltage from 0.001 V to 600 V. l
Ω s y
AC voltage from 6.0 to 600 mV, dc-coupled.
DC voltage from 0.1 to 600 mV.
Ohms from 0.1
Ω to 40 MΩ.
Continuity beeper turns on at
<20 Ω and turns off at >250 Ω.
Temperature from -40
°C to 400 °C (-40 °F to 752 °F) with K-type thermocouple
R Diode Test. Displays OL above 2.0 V.
S Farads from 1 nF to 9999 μF.
DC current from 0.1 to 600
μA. AC current from 6.0 to 600 μA. DC-coupled.
$
Note: All ac functions and Auto-V LoZ are true-rms. AC voltage is ac-coupled. Auto-V LoZ, AC mV and AC μA are dc coupled.
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Battery Saver ("Sleep Mode")
The Meter automatically enters "Sleep mode" and blanks the display if there is no function change, range change or button press for 20 minutes. Pressing any button or turning the rotary switch awakens the Meter. To disable the
Sleep mode, hold down the g button while turning the
Meter on. The Sleep mode is always disabled in the MIN
MAX AVG mode.
MIN MAX AVG Recording Mode
The MIN MAX AVG recording mode captures the minimum and maximum input values (ignoring overloads), and calculates a running average of all readings. When a new high or low is detected, the Meter beeps.
• Put the Meter in the desired measurement function and range.
• Press p to enter MIN MAX AVG mode.
• Mand MAX are displayed and the highest reading detected since entering MIN MAX AVG is displayed.
• Press p to step through the low (MIN), average
(AVG), and present readings.
• To pause MIN MAX AVG recording without erasing stored values, press f. K is displayed.
• To resume MIN MAX AVG recording, press fagain.
• To exit and erase stored readings, press p for at least one second or turn the rotary switch.
8
Display HOLD
XWWarning
To avoid electric shock, when Display
HOLD is activated, be aware that the display will not change when you apply a different voltage.
In the Display HOLD mode, the Meter freezes the display.
1.
Press fto activate Display HOLD. (K is displayed.)
2.
To exit and return to normal operation, press f or turn the rotary switch.
Backlight
Press Q to toggle the backlight on and off. The backlight automatically turns off after 40 seconds. To disable backlight auto-off, hold down Q while turning the Meter on.
Manual and Autoranging
The Meter has both Manual and Autorange modes.
• In the Autorange mode, the Meter selects the range with the best resolution.
• In the Manual Range mode, you override Autorange and select the range yourself.
True-rms Multimeter
When you turn the Meter on, it defaults to Autorange and
Auto is displayed.
1.
To enter the Manual Range mode, press q.
Manual is displayed.
2.
In the Manual Range mode, press qto increment the range. After the highest range, the Meter wraps to the lowest range.
Note
You cannot manually change the range in the
MIN MAX AVG or Display HOLD modes.
If you press qwhile in MIN MAX AVG or
Display Hold, the Meter beeps twice, indicating an invalid operation, and the range does not change.
3.
To exit Manual Range, press q for at least 1 second or turn the rotary switch. The Meter returns to
Autorange and Auto is displayed.
Power-Up Options
To select a Power-Up Option, hold down the button indicated in the following table while turning the Meter on.
Power-Up Options are canceled when you turn the Meter off and when sleep mode is activated.
Button Power-Up Options f Turns on all display segments. p Disables beeper. bEEP is displayed when enabled. q g
Q
Enables low impedance capacitance measurements. LCAP is displayed when enabled. See page 14.
Disables automatic power-down ("Sleep mode"). PoFF is displayed when enabled.
Disables auto backlight off. LoFF is displayed when enabled.
Making Basic Measurements
The figures on the following pages show how to make basic measurements.
When connecting the test leads to the circuit or device, connect the common (COM) test lead before connecting the live lead; when removing the test leads, remove the live lead before removing the common test lead.
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Measuring Resistance Testing for Continuity
10
XWWarning
To avoid electric shock, injury, or damage to the Meter, disconnect circuit power and discharge all highvoltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance. eeo04f.eps
Note
The continuity function works best as a fast, convenient method to check for opens and shorts. For maximum accuracy in making resistance measurements, use the Meter’s
resistance ( e) function. eeo06f.eps
Measuring AC and DC Voltage
Volts AC Volts DC
V
True-rms Multimeter
Measuring AC and DC Millivolts
Millivolts AC Millivolts DC
DC eeo03f.eps
Using Auto Volts Selection
With the function switch in the x position, the Meter automatically selects a dc or ac voltage measurement based on the input applied between the + and COM jacks.
This function also sets the Meter’s input impedance to approximately 3 k Ω to reduce the possibility of false readings due to ghost voltages. edy18f.eps
With the function switch in the l position, the Meter measures ac plus dc millivolts. Press g to switch the
Meter to dc millivolts.
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Measuring AC and DC Current
WWarning
To avoid personal injury or damage to the
Meter:
• Never attempt to make an in-circuit current measurement when the opencircuit potential to earth is > 600 V.
• Use the proper switch position and range for your measurement.
Flame sensor probe
Control
Module eeo08f.eps
To measure flame rectification circuits:
1.
Turn the function switch to
$
.
2.
Connect the Meter between the flame sensor probe and the control module.
3.
Turn heating unit on and record μA measurement.
12
Measuring Capacitance Measuring Temperature
RANGE
True-rms Multimeter eeo05f.eps
80BK Type K
Thermocouple
Probe
Vent or
Pipe eeo10f.eps
XW Warning
To avoid risk of electric shock, do NOT connect 80BK to live circuits.
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Measuring Frequency
XWWarning
To avoid electrical shock, disregard the bar graph for frequencies >1 kHz.
If the frequency of the measured
signal is >1 kHz, the bar graph and Z are unspecified.
AC Voltage Frequency
Hz
V
Hz
The Meter measures the frequency of a signal by counting the number of times the signal crosses a trigger level each second. The trigger level is 0 V for all ranges.
1.
Press g to turn the frequency measurement function on and off. Frequency works with ac volts only.
2.
In frequency, the bar graph and range annunciator indicate the AC voltage present.
3.
Select progressively lower ranges using manual ranging for a stable reading.
Making Low Impedance Capacitance
Measurements
For making capacitance measurements on cables with ghost voltage, hold qwhile turning on the Meter to switch the Meter into LoZ, (low input impedance)
Capacitance mode. In this mode, capacitance measurements will have a lower accuracy and lower dynamic range. This setting is not saved when the Meter is turned off or goes into sleep mode. edy09f.eps
14
Testing Diodes
Good Diode Good Diode
True-rms Multimeter
Making Low Impedance Capacitance Measurements
Measuring Current above 600
μ
A
The millivolt and voltage function of the Meter can be used with an optional mV/A output Current Probe to measure currents that exceed the rating of the Meter. Make sure the
Meter has the correct function, AC or DC, selected for your current probe. Refer to a Fluke catalog or contact your local Fluke representative for compatible current clamps.
Forward Bias
Bad Diode
Single
Beep
Reverse Bias
Bad Diode
Open and
Shorted eeo07f.eps
eeo14f.eps
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Using the Bargraph
The bar graph is like the needle on an analog meter. It has an overload indicator (
>) to the right and a polarity indicator ( +) to the left.
Because the bar graph updates much faster than the digital display, the bar graph is useful for making peak and null adjustments.
The bar graph is disabled when measuring capacitance and temperature. In frequency, the bar graph and range annunciator indicates the underlying voltage up to 1 kHz.
The number of segments indicates the measured value and
is relative to the full-scale value of the selected range.
In the 60 V range, for example (see below), the major divisions on the scale represent 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 V. An input of −30 V turns on the negative sign and the segments up to the middle of the scale.
Maintenance
Maintenance of the Meter consists of replacing the battery and cleaning the case.
Replacing the Battery eeo11f.eps aej11f.eps
16
XWWarning
To avoid shock, injury, or damage to the Meter, remove test leads from the
Meter before opening the case or battery door.
To remove the battery door for battery replacement:
1.
Remove the test leads from the Meter.
2.
Remove the battery door screw.
3.
Use the finger recess to lift the door slightly.
4.
Lift the door straight up to separate it from the case.
True-rms Multimeter
Cleaning
The battery fits inside the battery door, which is then inserted into the case, bottom edge first, until it is fully seated. Do not attempt to install the battery directly into the case.
5.
Install and tighten battery door screw.
Cleaning
Wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Do not use abrasives, isopropyl alcohol, or solvents to clean
the case top or lens/window. Dirt or moisture in the terminals can affect readings.
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General Specifications
Accuracy is specified for 1 year after calibration, at operating temperatures of 18
°C to 28 °C, with relative humidity at 0 % to 90 %.
Extended specifications are available at www.Fluke.com.
Maximum voltage between any
terminal and earth ground.......................... 600 V
Surge Protection ......................................... 6 kV peak per IEC 61010-1600V CAT III,
Pollution Degree 2
Display ......................................................... Digital: 6,000 counts, updates 4/sec
...................................................................... Bar Graph: 33 segments, updates 32/sec
Temperature ................................................ Operating: -10 °C to + 50 °C
Storage: -40 °C to + 60 °C
Temperature Coefficient ............................. 0.1 x (specified accuracy)/
°C (<18 °C or >28 °C)
Operating Altitude....................................... 2,000 meters
Battery .......................................................... 9 Volt Alkaline, NEDA 1604A / IEC 6LR61
Battery Life .................................................. Alkaline: 400 hours typical, without backlight
Safety Compliances .................................... Complies with ANSI/ISA 82.02.01 (61010-1) 2004,
CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 61010-1-04, UL 6101B (2003) and
IEC/EN 61010-1 2 nd
Edition for measurement Category III,
600 V, Pollution Degree 2, EMC EN61326-1
Certifications ............................................... UL, P, CSA, TÜV, ; ( N10140), VDE
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True-rms Multimeter
IP Rating (dust and water protection) ............
IP42
Table 1. Accuracy Specifications
DC millivolts
DC Volts
600.0 mV
6.000 V
60.00 V
600.0 V
Auto-V LoZ [1] True-rms 600.0 V
AC millivolts
[1]
Truerms
600.0 mV
A C Volts
[1]
True-rms
6.000 V
60.00 V
600.0 V
0.1 mV
0.001 V
0.01 V
0.1 V
0.1 V
0.1 mV
0.001 V
0.01 V
0.1 V
Accuracy
0.5 % + 2
0.5 % + 2
DC, 45 to 500 Hz
2.0 % + 3
45 to 500 Hz
1.0 % + 3
500 Hz to 1 kHz
4.0 % + 3
500 Hz to 1 kHz
2.0 % + 3
1.0 % + 3 2.0 % + 3
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Ohms
Diode test
Capacitance
Lo-Z Capacitance
Temperature (Type K
Thermocouple)
Table 1 Accuracy Specifications (cont.)
Accuracy
600.0
Ω
6.000 k
Ω
60.00 k Ω
600.0 k Ω
6.000 M
Ω
40.00 M Ω
2.000 V
0.1
Ω
0.001 k
Ω
0.01 k Ω
0.1 k Ω
0.001 M
Ω
0.01 M Ω
0.001 V
Beeper on < 20
Ω, off > 250 Ω; detects opens or shorts of
500
μs or longer.
0.9 % + 2
0.9 % + 1
0.9 % + 1
0.9 % + 1
0.9 % + 1
5 % + 2
0.9 % + 2
1000 nF
10.00
100.0
9999
μF
μF
μF
1 nF
0.01
0.1
1
μF
μF
μF
1.9 % + 2
1.9 % + 2
1.9 % + 2
100 μF - 1000 μF: 1.9 % + 2
> 1000 μF: 5 % + 20
1 nF to 500
μF 10%
-40 ºC to 400 ºC
-40 ºF to 752 ºF
0.1 ºC
0.2 ºF
1 % + 10
[2]
1 % + 18 [2]
20
True-rms Multimeter
Table 1 Accuracy Specifications (cont.)
Accuracy
AC
μAmps True-rms [1]
(45 Hz to 1 kHz)
600.0
μA 0.1
DC μAmps 600.0
Hz (V input) [3]
99.99 Hz
999.9 Hz
9.999 kHz
50.00 kHz
0.01 Hz
0.1 Hz
0.001 kHz
0.01 kHz
1.5 % + 3
(2.5 % + 3 >500 Hz)
0.1 % + 2
Notes:
[1] All AC ranges except Auto-V LoZ are specified from 1 % to 100% of range. Auto-V LoZ is specified from 0 V.
Because inputs below 1 % of range are not specified, it is normal for this and other true-rms meters to display nonzero readings when the test leads are disconnected from a circuit or are shorted together. For volts and μA, crest factor of ≤3 at 4000 counts, decreasing linearly to 1.5 at full scale. AC volts is ac-coupled. Auto-V LoZ, AC mV, and
AC μA are dc-coupled.
[2] Temperature uncertainty (accuracy) does not include the error of the thermocouple probe.
[3] Frequency is ac coupled and specified from 5 Hz to 50 kHz.
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Function
Volts AC
Volts DC
Auto-V LoZ ~3 k
Table 2. Input Characteristics
Input Impedance
(Nominal)
>5 M Ω <100 pF
>10 M
Ω <100 pF
Ω <500 pF
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
(1 k
Ω Unbalanced)
>60 dB at dc, 50 or 60 Hz
>100 dB at dc, 50 or 60 Hz
>60 dB at dc, 50 or 60 Hz
Open Circuit Test Voltage Full Scale Voltage
Ohms <2.7
Ω 40
<0.7 V dc <0.9 V dc
Diode Test <2.7 V dc 2.000 V dc
Normal Mode
Rejection
>60 dB at 50 or 60
Hz
Short Circuit
Current
<350
μA
<1.2 mA
22
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Table of contents
- 1 116 True-rms Multimeter Users Manual
- 2 LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
- 3 True-rms Multimeter
- 3 Introduction
- 3 Contacting Fluke
- 3 Unsafe Voltage
- 4 Safety Information
- 6 Display
- 8 Terminals
- 9 Rotary Switch Positions
- 10 Battery Saver ("Sleep Mode")
- 10 MIN MAX AVG Recording Mode
- 10 Display HOLD
- 10 Backlight
- 10 Manual and Autoranging
- 11 Power-Up Options
- 11 Making Basic Measurements
- 12 Measuring Resistance
- 12 Testing for Continuity
- 13 Measuring AC and DC Voltage
- 13 Using Auto Volts Selection
- 13 Measuring AC and DC Millivolts
- 14 Measuring AC and DC Current
- 15 Measuring Capacitance
- 15 Measuring Temperature
- 16 Measuring Frequency
- 16 Making Low Impedance Capacitance Measurements
- 17 Testing Diodes
- 17 Measuring Current above 600 (A
- 18 Using the Bargraph
- 18 Maintenance
- 18 Replacing the Battery
- 19 Cleaning
- 20 General Specifications