Piper Cherokee Archer II Pilot Operating Handbook

PILOT’S
OPERATING
HANDBOOK
REFERENCE ONLY
THIS ELECTRONIC VERSION
OF THE POH IS
NOT APPROVED TO
REPLACE ANY OPERATING
INFORMATION REQUIRED
BY THE REGULATIONS.
FAA APPROVED IN NORMAL AND UTILITY
CATEGORIES BASED ON CAR 3 AND FAR PART 21,
SUBPART J. THIS HANDBOOK INCLUDES THE
MATERIAL REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED TO THE
PILOT BY CAR 3 AND FAR PART 21, SUBPART J
AND MUST BE CARRIED IN THE AIRPLANE AT ALL
TIMES.
PIPER CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PA-28-181
REPORT: VB-760
FAA APPROVED BY: _______________________________
WARD EVANS
D.O.A. NO. SO-1
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
VERO BEACH, FLORIDA
AIRPLANE SERIAL NO. _____________________________
AIRPLANE REGISTRATION NO. ______________________
DATE OF APPROVAL: AUGUST 15, 1975
WARNING
EXTREME CARE MUST BE EXERCISED TO LIMIT THE USE OF THIS MANUAL TO
A P P L I C A B L E A I R C R A F T. T H I S M A N UA L R E V I S E D A S I N D I C AT E D B E L OW O R
SUBSEQUENTLY REVISED IS VALID FOR USE WITH THE AIRPLANE IDENTIFIED ON THE
FACE OF THE TITLE PAGE WHEN OFFICIALLY APPROVED. SUBSEQUENT REVISIONS
SUPPLIED BY PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION MUST BE PROPERLY INSERTED.
MODEL PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK, REPORT: VB-760 REVISION _________________________________
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
APPROVAL SIGNATURE AND STAMP ________________________________________________________
Published by
PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT
Piper Aircraft Corporation
Issued: August 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
ii
APPLICABILITY
The aircraft serial number eligibility bracket for application of this handbook is 28-7690001 through
28-7690467. The specific application of this handbook is limited to the Piper PA-28-181 model airplane
designated by serial number and registration number on the face of the title page of this handbook.
This handbook cannot be used for operational purposes unless kept in a current status.
REVISIONS
The information compiled in the Pilot's Operating Handbook will be kept current by revisions
distributed to the airplane owners.
Revision material will consist of information necessary to update the text of the present handbook
and/or to add information to cover added airplane equipment.
1.
Revisions
Revisions will be distributed whenever necessary as complete page replacements or additions and shall
be inserted into the handbook in accordance with the instructions given below:
1.
2.
3.
II.
Revision pages will replace only pages with the same page number.
Insert all additional pages in proper numerical order within each section.
Page numbers followed by a small letter shall be inserted in direct sequence with the same
common numbered page.
Identification of Revised Material
Revised text and illustrations shall be indicated by a black vertical line along the outside margin of the
page. opposite revised, added or deleted material. A line along the outside margin of the page opposite the
page number will indicate that an entire page was added.
Black lines will indicate only current revisions with changes and additions to or deletions of existing
text and illustrations. Changes in capitalization, spelling, punctuation or the physical location of material
on a page will not be identified.
ORIGINAL PAGES ISSUED
The original pages issued for this handbook prior to revision are given below:
Title, ii through v, 1-1 through 1-14, 2-1 through 2-8, 3-1 through 3-12, 4-1 through 4-16, 5-1 through
5-26,6-1 through 6-52, 7-1 through 7-26, 8-1 through 8-16, 9-1 through 9-14. 10-1 through 10-2.
REPORT: VB-760
iii
PILOT' S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS
Current Revisions to the PA·28· I S1 Cherokee Archer 11 Pilot's Operating Handbook, REPORT: VB-760
issued Augus t 15 . 1975.
Rev ision
Number and
Code
Rev. I ·7616 19
(PR760106)
Rev.2·761619
(PR761112)
Revised
Pages
Re!vised wording of 6.9 (a).
6·37
6·44
6·46
7·25
8·5
Removed Piper Dwg. No. from item 155.
(PR770601)
Rev. 4-76l619
(PR790316)
c..),w.!
Ward Evans
lan. 6. 1976
Revised checklist.
Revised word ing of 3. 11.
Revised 3. 15 info.
Revised approach speed in 4.29.
Rev ised takeoff perfonnance.
Added Fig. 5·6. 5·8, and 5·30.
Revised Fig . 5-5.
Added Fig. 5-6 (Flaps Up Ground Roll).
7·25
4·1
4·4
4·9
Revised item 4.3 (c).
Revised Starling Engine When Hot.
Revised item 4, 13 (b)
'"1·4
Added seri al no. effectiv ity.
Revised para. 1.13 and footno te.
Revised para. 4.5.
Revised para. 5.5.
Revised Fig. 5-6.
Revised Fig. 5-8.
Revised para. 6. 1.
Added Caution to para. 6.3.
Added Warning to para. 7.15.
4·5
5·5
5·14
5·14b
6·1
6·3
7·10
RE PORT: VB·760
iv
Added items 236 and 238.
Revised item 263.
Revised ELT pilot's remote switch info.
Revised 8.7 (a), items ( I), (2), and (3),
Added page (added revised Fig. 5-7),
Added page (added F ig. 5-8 - 25° Gro und Roll).
Rev ised Fig. 5-29.
Added Fig. 5-30 (Landing Ground Roll).
Added i!ems 114 and 116.
Relocated items 127 and 129, added items 131
and 133.
A.dded PAL transmitter item 263 (c), revised
item 263 (0) to 263 (d).
Revised ELT transmiuer info.
Revised ELT pilot's remote switch info.
6·46
Rev.3-761619
Date
6-i
3·3
3·8
3·9
4·14
5·4
5·9
5·13
5·14
5-143
5·14b
5-25
5-26
6· 35
6-36
FAA Approval
SignalUre and
Description of Revision
...
Ward Evans
Nov. 12, 1976
Ward Evans
June I, 1977
..
PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK LOG OF REVISIONS (conI)
Revi sion
Number and
Code
Rev. 4 -761619
(pR790316)
(cont)
Revised
Pages
7-11
7-21
7-24
8-13
8-14
Desa1ption of Revision
Revised para 7.15.
Added Caullon to para. 7.23.
Revised para. 7.37.
Added Caution 10 pon. 8.21 ; re10cated
info to pg. 8-14.
Added info. from pg. 8-13; relocated info.
pg . 8-15.
Added info. from pg. 8-14.
10
8- 15
Rev. 5 - 76 1 61 9
(PR900608)
1-3
8- 1
8-3
8-4
8-1 J
FAA Approval
Signature and
Date
Ward Evans
March 16, 1979
Revised para, 1.9. Item (c).
Revised para. 8. t.
Revised para. 8.3.
Revised para. 8.5.
Revised para 8.19. Revised para 8.21,
item b. Relocated para. 8.21, item (c) to
pg.8-12.
8-11 a
Added page.
8-1l b
Added page. Added Fuel Comparison Chart.
Added info. 10 para. 8.21. item (b).
Added relocated para. 8.21, item (c)
8-12
D.H. Trompler
Jul y 30. 1990
from pg . 8-11
REPORT: VB-760
iv-a
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1
GENERAL
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE
AIRPLANE AND ITS SYSTEMS
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING} SERVICING AND
MAINTENANCE
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
SECTION 10
SAFETY TIPS
REPORT: VB-760
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION!
GENERAL
Page
Paragraph
No.
No.
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
1.9
1.11
1.13
1.15
1.17
1.19
1.21
Introduction ............... ......... .................................................................................................................
Engines................................................................................................................................................
Propellers ....... ............... ......................................................................................................................
Fuel .....................................................................................................................................................
Oil .......................................................................................................................................................
Maximum Weights. .............................................................................................................................
Standard Airplane Weights .................................................................................................................
Baggage Space .......... ..........................................................................................................................
Specific Loadings................................................................................................................................
Symbols, Abbreviations and Terminology ..........................................................................................
Conversion Factors .............................................................................................................................
I-I
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-5
I-II
REPORT: VB-760
l-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 1
GENERAL
SECTION 1
GENERAL
1.1
INTRODUCTION
This Pilot's Operating Handbook is designed for maximum utilization as an operating guide for the
pilot. It includes the material required to be furnished to the pilot by C.A.R. 3 and FAR Part 21, Subpart J.
It also contains supplemental data supplied by the airplane manufacturer.
This handbook is not designed as a substitute for adequate and competent flight instruction,
knowledge of current airworthiness directives. applicable federal air regulations or advisory circulars. It is
not intended to be a guide for basic flight instruction or a training manual and should not be used for
operational purposes unless kept in a current status.
Assurance that the airplane is in an airworthy condition is the responsibility of the owner. The pilot in
command is responsible for determining that the airplane is safe for flight. The pilot is also responsible for
remaining within the operating limitations as outlined by instrument markings, placards, and this
handbook.
Although the arrangement of this handbook is intended to increase its in-flight capabilities, it should
not be used solely as an occasional operating reference. The pilot should study the entire handbook to
familiarize himself with the limitations, performance, procedures and operational handling characteristics of
the airplane before flight.
The handbook has been divided into numbered (arabic) sections, each provided with a "finger-tip" tab
divider for quick reference. The limitations and emergency procedures have been placed ahead of the
normal procedures. performance and other sections to provide easier access to information that may be
required in flight. The "Emergency Procedures" Section has been furnished with a red tab divider to
present an instant reference to the section. Provisions for expansion of the handbook have been made by
the deliberate omission of certain paragraph numbers. figure numbers. item numbers and pages noted as
being left blank intentionally.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
1-1
SECTION 1
GENERAL
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
1-----12' I U . " - - - - - t
t'L'"
Wing Area (sq. ft.)
Min. Turning Radius (ft.)
170.0
30.0
(from pivot point to wingtip)
n----"--------.:==nn3' '.20"
I
--L-L_----li
._----------35' 0.0...- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
1-1
1-1.--10' U . " - - - - i
; - - - - - - - - 2 3 ' UI"
\
1'3.10"
THREE VIEW
Figure 1-1
REPORT: VB-760
1-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 1
GENERAL
1.3 ENGINES
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
U)
1.5
Number of Engines
Engine Manufacturer
Engine Model Number
Rated Horsepower
Rated Speed (rpm)
Bore (inches)
Stroke (inches)
Displacement (cubic inches)
Compression Ratio
Engine Type
Lycoming
0-360-A4M
180
2700
5.125
4.375
361.0
8.5: 1
Four Cylinder, Direct Drive
Horizontally Opposed, Air Cooled
PROPELLERS
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Number of Propellers
Propeller Manufacturer
Model
Number of Blades
Propeller Diameter (inches)
(I) Maximum
(2) Minimum
Propeller Type
Sensenich
76EM8S5-0-60
2
76
76
Fixed Pitch
1.7 FUEL
AVGAS ONLY
(a)
(b)
(c)
Fuel Capacity (U.S. gal.) (total)
Usable Fuel. (U.S. gal.) (total)
Fuel Grade. Aviation (min. octane)
50
48
100/130 Green
1.9 OIL
(a)
(b)
Oil Capacity (U.S. Quarts)
Oil Specification
(c)
Oil Viscosity per Average Ambient Temp. for Starting
() )
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
All Temperatures
Above 80°F
Above 60°F
30°F to 90°F
O°F to 70°F
O°F to 90°F
Below 10°F
8
Refer to latest issue of
Lycoming Instruction No. 1014.
MIL-L-6082B
Mineral
SAE Grade
MIL-L-22851
Ashless Dispersant
SAE Grades
60
50
40
30
20W-50
20
15W-50 or 20W-50
60
40 or 50
40
30,40 or 20W-40
20W-50 or JSW-50
30 or 20W-30
When operating temperatures overlap indicated ranges, use the lighter grade oil.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 8, 1990
REPORT: VB-760
1-3
SECTION 1
GENERAL
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
1.11 MAXIMUM WEIGHTS
NORMAL
(a)
(b)
(c)
Maximum Takeoff Weight (lbs)
Maximum Landing Weight (lbs)
Maximum Weights in Baggage Compartment
2550
2550
200
UTILITY
1950
1950
o
11.13 STANDARD AIRPLANE WEIGHTS*
(a)
(b)
Standard Empty Weight (lbs): Weight of a
standard airplane including unusable fuel,
full operating fluids and ful1 oil
Maximum Useful Load (Ibs): The difference
between the Maximum Takeoff Weight and
the Standard Empty Weight
1390
1160
1.15 BAGGAGE SPACE
(a)
(b)
(c)
Compartment Volume (cubic feet)
Entry Width (inches)
Entry Height (inches)
24
22
20
1.17 SPECIFIC LOADINGS
(a)
(b)
Wing Loading (Ibs per sq ft)
Power Loading (lbs per hp)
15.0
14.2
I
*These values are approximate and may vary from one aircraft to another. Refer to Figure 6-5 for the Standard
Empty Weight value and Useful Load value 10 be used for C.G. calculation for the aircraft specified.
REPORT: VB-760
1-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16,1979
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION I
GENERAL
1.19 SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY
The following definitions are of symbols, abbreviations and terminology used throughout the
handbook and those which may be of added operational significance 10 the pilot.
(a)
General Airspeed Terminology and Symbols
CAS
Calibrated Airspeed means the indicated speed of an aircraft.
corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated airspeed is
equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level.
KCAS
Calibrated Airspeed expressed in ·'Knots."
GS
Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane relative to the ground.
lAS
Indicated Airspeed is the speed of an aircraft as shown on the
airspeed indicator when corrected for instrument error. lAS \'alues
published in this handbook assume zero instrument error.
KIAS
Indicated Airspeed expressed in -Knots.'·
M
Mach Number is the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound.
TAS
True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane relative to un disturbed
air which is the CAS corrected for altitude, temperature and
compressability.
Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which application of
full available aerodynamic control will nOI overstress the airplane.
Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible
with wing flaps in a presc ribed extended position .
Never Exceed Speed or Mach Number is the speed limit that may
not be exceeded at any time.
Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should not
be exceeded except in smooth air and then only with caution.
Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the
airplane is control1able,
VSO
Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the
airplane is controllable in the landing configuration.
Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the
greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizo ntal
distance.
Vy
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers th e
greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time .
REPORT: VB-760
1-5
SECTION 1
GENERAL
(b)
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Meterological Terminology
ISA
International Standard Atmosphere in which:
The air is a dry perfect gas;
The temperature at sea level is 15° Celcius (59 ° Fahrenheit);
The pressure at sea level is 29.92 inches hg. (l0l3 mb);
The temperature gradient from sea level to the altitude at which
the temperature is -56.5°C (-69. 7°F) is -0.00198°C
(·0.003566°F) per foot and zero above that altitude.
OAT
Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature,
obtained either from inflight temperature indications or ground
meteorological sources, adjusted for instrument error and
compressibility effects.
Indicated Pressure
Altitude
The number actually read from an altimeter when the barometric
subscale has been set to 29.92 inches of mercury (1013 millibars).
Pressure Altitude
Altitude measured from standard sea-level pressure (29.92 in. Hg)
by a pressure or barometric altimeter. It is the indicated pressure
altitude corrected for position and instrument error. In this
handbook. altimeter instrument errors are assumed to be zero.
Station Pressure
Actual atmospheric pressure at field elevation.
Wind
The wind velocities recorded as variables on the charts of this
handbook are to be understood as the headwind or tailwind
components of the reported winds.
REPORT: VB· 760
1-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
SECTION I
GENERAL
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(e)
(d)
Power Terminology (Specific)
Takeoff Power
Maximum Rated Power (180 HP @ 2700 RPM)
Maximum Continuous
Power
Maximum Rated Power (180 HP@ 2700 RPM)
Maximum Climb Power
Maximum Rated Power (180 HP@ 2700 RPM)
Maximum Cruise Power
Maximum Rated Power (180 HP@ 2700 RPM)
Flight Idle Power
Throttle Closed
Ground Idle Power
Throttle Closed
Engine In strument s
EOT Gauge
(e)
Exhaust Gas Temperature Gauge
Airplane Performance and Flight Planning Terminology
Climb Gradient
The demonstrated ratio of the change in height during a portion of
a climb, to the horizontal di stanc e traversed in the same time
interval.
Demonstrated Crosswind
Velocity
The demonstrated crosswind ve locity is the velocity of the
crosswind component for which adequate control of the airpl ane
during takeoff and landing ,va s actually demon strated during
certification tests.
Accelera te-Stop Distance
The distance required to accelerate un airplane to a specified speed
and. assuming failure of an engine at the in stant thai speed is
altained. to bring the airplane (0 a stop.
MEA
Minimum en route IFR altitude.
Route Segment
A pan of a route. Each end of that part is identified by: (1) a
geographical location; or (2) a point al which a definite radio fix
can be established.
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB· 760
1-7
SECTION I
GENERAL
(f)
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA·:I8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Weight and Ba lance Term inology
Reference Datum
An .imaginary venica) plane from which all horiiontal distances are
measurc.d for balance purposes.
Station
A location al ong the airplane fusel age usually gi ven in terms of
,
distance from the reference datum.
Arm
The horizonta l d istance (rom the reference datum to the center of
gravity (C.G.) of an item.
Momen t
The produ c t o f the weight of an item mult ipl ied by it s arm .
( Momen t d ivided by a constant is used to s implify balan ce
calculations by reducing the number of digits.)
Center of Grav it y
(e.G.)
The po int a t which an airplane wo uld ba la nce i f sus pended. It s
d istance from the reference datum is found by d ivid ing the total
mo menl by the total weight of the airplane.
e.G. Arm
The arm obtained by adding the airplane 's indi vidual moments and
d ividing the sum by the total weight.
e.G. Li mits
The ex treme center of gravity locati ons within which the airp lane
must be operated at a given weight.
Usable Fue l
Fuel avail able for fli ght planning.
Unusable Fuel
Fuel remai ning aft e r a run o ut tes t has been completed in
accordance with governmental regulations.
Standard Empty Weight
Weight of a standard airpl ane incl udi ng un usable fuel. full
operating fluids and fu ll oil.
Basic Empty Weight
Standard empty weight plus optional equipment .
Pay load
Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage.
Useful Load
Differe nce between takeoff we ight, or ra mp weight if applicable,
and basic empty weighl.
Max imum Ramp We ight
Max imum we ight approved
gro und mane uve r. (II inc lu des
weight of Stan , taxi and run up fuel.)
Max imum Takeoff
Weight
Maximum weight approved for the start of the takeoff run.
Maximum Landi ng
Weight
Max imum weight approved for the landing touchdown.
Maximum Zero Fuel
Weight
Maximum weight exclusive of usable fuel.
REPORT: VB· 760
1·8
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·2S·ISI, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION I
GENERAL
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB·760
1·9
SECTION 1
GENERAL
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
1-10
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-18 I , CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION I
GENERAL
1.21 CONVERSION FACTORS
MULIWLY
BY
roOBTAIN
MULTIPLY
BY
atmospheres
76.00
29.92
14.696
21.116
1.0))
em HgatOOC
feel
3.048 x
3.333 x
1.894 x
1.646 x
cenlimelers
0.)937
3.281 x 10'
in.
ft
cmHg
1.934 x 1(}1
27 .85
])5.95
Ib/sq In.
Ib/sq ft
kg/sq m
3.281 x 10'
2.23i x
ftlsec
mph
in. Hg at O"C
Ib/sq in.
lbisq ft
kg/sq em
ftlmln
em/second
Cll
cenlimeters
J(} .l
6.102 x
2.642 x 10.4
x I(}"
cu fl
I.ng
1(}2
7.4SI
ftlsec
Cll
in.
cu meters
4.7 19 x IO. J
2.832 x 10- 2
16,)9
1.639 x 1{}2
4 .)29 x 10- 3
1.732 x 10. 2
61.023
1.)08
35.)1
yards
mph
kmIhr
em/sec
mph
.6818
1.097
30.48
.5925
kmIhr
emlsec
knots
liters
in.
ft-Ihlmin
)'030 x 10'
hp
U.s. gal
ft-lblse c
1.818 x 10-)
hp
Cll em
Cll i n.
fluid oz
8
29.6
dram
gal. Imperial
277.4
1.201
4.546
CI!
gal. U.s. dry
268 .8
cu in.
1.556 x 10'
eu ft
U.S. gal liquid
liters
Cll
cu yards
U.S. gal
Cll
Cll
mlmin
1.164
4.405
Cll em
liters
U.S. gal
quarts
gal. U.S. liquid
cu in.
26·1.2
27.0
Cll ft
Cll
7,(H6 x It}1
2.022 x 10. 2
Cll melers
1.745 x 1(}2
radians
em
in.
U.S. gal
liters
Iilers/sec
yards
eu ft
U.S. gal
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
yards
miles
nautical miles
m-kg
231.0
1.337 x 10'
3.785
8.327 x 10'
1.280 x 10'
cu in.
eu ft
Iilers
Imperial gal
fluid oz
0.1
6.721 X }{}2
5.601 x
lbift
Ib/in.
1.000
62.43
kglcu m
Ib/cu ft
kg/m
U.S.gal
gramsleu em
deg (arc)
1.136 x 10'
1.829 x 10'
5.080 X 10'
meters
1.383 x 10'
grams/em
Cll
10·'
10·'
ID-'
ID-'
Mb
liters
cu ftlmin
roOBTAIN
REPORT: VB -760
1-11
SECTION I
GENERAL
REPORT: VB· 760
1-12
PIPER AIRCRAIT CORPORATION
PA·lI·IIl, CHEROKEE ARCHER 11
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18l, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTIONl
GENERAL
MULTIPLY
.aY
TO OBTAIN
lb/sq in.
2.036
6.805 x 1(T2
7.031 x 10 2
in. Hg atOOC
radians
57.30
deg (arc)
radians/sec
57.30
15.92 x 10- 2
9.549
deglsec
rev/sec
rev/min
revolutions
6.283
radians
rev/min
1.047 x 10- 1
radians/sec
rod
16.5
5.5
ft
slug
32.174
lb
sqcm
1.550 x 10- 1
1.076 x 10- 3
sq in.
sq ft
sq ft
929.0
144.0
1.111 x 10- 1
2.296 x 10- 5
sqcm
sq in.
sq yards
acres
sq in.
6.452
sqcm
sq kilometers
3.861 x 10- 1
sq miles
sq meters
10.76
1.196
sq ft
sq yards
sq miles
2.590
640
sqkm
acres
sq rods
30.25
sqyd
sq yards
8.361 x 10- 1
9
sqm
sq ft
yards
9.144 x 10')
3.0
36.0
ft
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
atmospheres
kglsqm
yd
meters
in.
REPORT: VB-760
1-13
SECTION 1
GENERAL
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
1-14
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
Paragraph
No.
Page
No.
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
2.11
2.13
2.15
2.17
2.19
2.21
2.23
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-7
General................... ............. ................................................................................................................
Airspeed Limitations ...........................................................................................................................
Airspeed Indicator Markings ..............................................................................................................
Power Plant Limitations......................................................................................................................
Power Plant Instrument Markings ......................................................................................................
Weight Limits ......................................................................................................................................
Center of Gravity Limits .....................................................................................................................
Maneuver Limits .................................................................................................................................
Flight Load Factors .............................................................................................................................
Types of Operations ............................................................................................................................
Fuel Limitations ..................................................................................................................................
Placards ......... ...... ....... ........... ......... .......... ...........................................................................................
REPORT: VB-760
2-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
2.1
GENERAL
This section provides the "FAA Approved" operating limitations, instrument markings, color coding
and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the airplane and its systems.
Limitations associated with those optional systems and equipment which require handbook
supplements can be found in Section 9 (Supplements).
2.3 AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS
CAS
SPEED
Never Exceed Speed (V
any operation.
- Do not exceed this speed in
171 MPH (148 KTS)
Maximum Structural Cruising Speed (V:-<o) - Do not
exceed this speed except in smooth air and then only
with caution.
140 MPH (121 KTS)
Design Maneuvering Speed (V A) - Do not make full or
abrupt control movements above this speed.
124 MPH (108 KTS)
Maximum Flaps Extended Speed (V FV - Do not exceed
this speed with the flaps extended.
115 MPH (100 KTS)
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
2-1
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
2.5
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
AIRSPEED INDICATOR MARKINGS
MARKING
Red Radial Line (Never Exceed)
Yellow Arc (Caution Range - Smooth Air Only)
CAS
171 MPH (148 KTS)
140 MPH to ]71 MPH
(121 KTS to 148 KTS)
Green Arc (Normal Operating Range)
68 MPH to 140 MPH
(59 KTS to 121 KTS)
White Arc (Flap Down)
61 MPH to 115 MPH
(53 KTS to 100 KTS)
2.7 POWER PLANT
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
U)
(k)
(I)
Number of Engines
Engine Manufacturer
Engine Model No.
Engine Operating Limits
(I) Maximum Horsepower
(2) Maximum Rotation Speed (RPM)
(3) Maximum Oil Temperature
Oil Pressure
Minimum (red line l
Maximum (red line)
Fuel Pressure
Minimum (red line)
Maximum (red line)
Fuel Grade (minimum octane)
Number of Propellers
Propeller Manufacturer
Propeller Model
Propeller Diameter
Minimum
Maximum
Propeller Tolerance (static RPM at maximum
permissible throttle setting)
Lycoming
0-360-A4M with
carburetor setting 10-3878
180
2700
245°F
25 PSI
90 PSI
.5 PSI
8 PSI
100/130 - Green
1
Sensenich
76EM8S5-0-60
76 IN.
76 IN.
Not above 2425 RPM
Not below 2325 RPM
No additional tolerance permitted.
REPORT: VB-760
2-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
2.9
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
POWER PLANT INSTRUMENT MARKINGS
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Tachometer
Green Arc (Normal Operating Range)
Red Line (Maximum Continuous Power)
Oil Temperature
Green Arc (Normal Operating Range)
Red Line (Maximum)
Oil Pressure
Green Arc (Normal Operating Range)
Yellow Arc (Caution Range) (Idle)
Red Line (Minimum)
Red Line (Maximum)
Fuel Pressure
Green Arc (Normal Operating Range)
Red Line (Minimum)
Red Line (Maximum)
500 to 2700 RPM
2700 RPM
60 PSI to 90 PSI
25 PSI to 60 PSI
25 PSI
90 PSI
.5 PSI to 8 PSI
.5 PSI
8 PSI
2.11 WEIGHT LIMITS
(a)
(b)
NORMAL
2550 LBS
200 LBS
Maximum Weight
Maximum Baggage
UTILITY
1950 LBS
OLBS
NOTE
Refer to Section 5 (Performance) for maximum weight as limited
by performance.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
2-3
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-Z8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
2.13 CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS
(a)
Normal Category
Weight
Pounds
Forward Limit
Inches Aft of Datum
Rearward Limit
Inches Aft of Datum
88.6
82.0
93.0
93.0
Forward Limit
Inches Aft of Datum
Rearward Limit
Inches Aft of Datum
82.0
86.5
2550
2050 (and less)
(b)
Utility Category
Weight
Pounds
1950 (and less)
NOTES
Straight line variation between points given.
The datum used is 78.4 inches ahead of the wing leading edge at
the inboard intersection of the straight and tapered section.
It is the responsibility of the airplane owner and the pilot to insure
that the airplane is properly loaded. See Section 6 (Weight and
Balance) for proper loading instructions.
2.15 MANEUVER LIMITS
(a)
(b)
Normal Category - All acrobatic maneuvers including spins prohibited.
Utility Category - Approved maneuvers for bank angles exceeding 60°.
Steep Turns
Lazy Eights
Chandelles
Entry Speed
124 MPH
124 MPH
124 MPH
2.17 FLIGHT LOAD FACTORS
(a)
(b)
Positive Load Factor (Maximum)
Negative Load Factor (Maximum)
REPORT: VB·760
2-4
NORMAL
UTILITY
4.4 G
3.8 G
No inverted maneuvers approved
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
2.19 TYPES OF OPERATION
The airplane is approved for the following operations when equipped in accordance with FAR 91 or
FAR 135.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Day V.F.R.
Night V.F.R.
Day I.F.R.
Night I.F.R.
Non Icing
2.21 FUEL LIMITATIONS
(a)
(b)
(c)
Total Capacity
Unusable Fuel
The unusable fuel for this airplane has been determined
as 1.0 gallon in each wing in critical flight attitudes.
Usable Fuel
The usable fuel in this airpJane has been determined as
24.0 gallons in each wing.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
50 U.S. GAL
2 U.S. GAL
48 U.S. GAL
REPORT: VB-760
2-5
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-l8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER U
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
2-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
2.23 PLACARDS
In full view of the pilot:
"THIS AIRPLANE MUST BE OPERATED AS A NORMAL OR
UTILITY CATEGORY AIRPLANE IN COMPLIANCE WITH
THE OPERATING LIMITATIONS STATED IN THE FORM OF
PLACARDS. MARKINGS AND MANUALS.
ALL MARKINGS AND PLACARDS ON THIS AIRPLANE
APPLY TO ITS OPERATION AS A UTILITY CATEGORY
AIRPLANE. FOR NORMAL AND UTILITY CATEGORY
OPERATIONS. REFER TO THE PILOT'S OPERATING
HANDBOOK.
NO ACROBATIC MANEUVERS ARE APPROVED FOR
NORMAL CATEGORY OPERATIONS. SPINS ARE
PROHIBITED FOR BOTH NORMAL AND UTILITY
CATEGORIES."
In full view of the pilot. the following takeoff and landing check lists will be installed:
TAKEOFF CHECK LIST
Fuel on proper tank
Electric fuel pump on
Engine gauges checked
Flaps - set
Carb heat off
Mixture set
Seat backs erect
Fasten belts/harness
Trim tab - set
Controls - free
Door - latched
Air Conditioner - off
LANDING CHECK LIST
Fuel on proper tank
Mixture rich
Electric fuel pump on
Seat back erect
Flaps - set (lIS mph)
Fasten belts/harness
Air Conditioner - off
The "AIR COND OFF" item in the above takeoff and landing check lists is mandatory for air
conditioned aircraft only.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
2-7
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
PA-28-UJl, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
In full view of the pilot, in the area of the air conditioner control panel when the air conditioner is
installed:
"WARNING - AIR CONDITIONER MUST BE OFF TO INSURE
NORMAL TAKEOFF CLIMB PERFORMANCE."
Adjacent to upper door latch:
"ENGAGE LATCH BEFORE FLIGHT."
On inside of the baggage compartment door:
"BAGGAGE MAXIMUM 200 LBS"
"UTILITY CATEGORY OPERATION - NO BAGGAGE OR AFT
PASSENGERS ALLOWED. NORMAL CATEGORY OPERATION
- SEE PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK WEIGHT AND
BALANCE SECTION FOR BAGGAGE AND AFT PASSENGER
LIMITATIONS:'
In full view of the pilot:
"ROUGH AIR OR MANEUVERING SPEED - 124 MPH."
"UTILITY CATEGORY OPERATION - NO AFT PASSENGERS
ALLOWED."
"DEMONSTRATED CROSS
COMPONENT - 20 MPH."
On the instrument panel in full view of the pilot when the oil cooler winterization kit is installed:
"OIL COOLER WINTERIZATION PLATE TO BE REMOVED
WHEN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE EXCEEDS 50°F,"
In full view of the pilot:
"UTILITY CATEGORY ONLY."
ACROBATIC MANEUVERS ARE LIMITED TO THE FOLLOWING:
STEEP TURNS
LAZY EIGHTS
CHANDELLES
ENTRY SPEED
124 MPH
124 MPH
124 MPH
On the instrument panel in full view of the pilot:
"WARNING - TURN OFF STROBE LIGHTS WHEN TAXIING
IN VICINITY OF OTHER AIRCRAFT, OR DURING FLIGHT
THROUGH CLOUD, FOG OR HAZE."
REPORT: VB-760
2-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Page
Paragraph
No.
No.
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.9
3.11
3.13
3.15
3.17
3.19
3.21
3.23
3.25
3.27
3.29
General ............................................................................................................................................... .
Emergency Procedures Check List .................................................................................................... .
Amplified Emergency Procedures (General) ..................................................................................... .
Engine Fire During Start .................................................................................................................... .
Engine Power Loss During Takeoff ................................................................................................... .
Engine Power Loss In Flight .............................................................................................................. .
Power Off Landing ............................................................................................................................. .
Fire In Flight ..................................................................................................................................... ..
Loss of Oil Pressure ........................................................................................................................... .
Loss of Fuel Pressure ......................................................................................................................... .
High Oil Temperature ........................................................................................................................ .
Alternator Failure ................................................................................................................................ :
Spin Recovery .................................................................................................................................... .
Open Door .......................................................................................................................................... .
Engine Roughness .............................................................................................................................. .
3-1
3-3
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-8
3-8
3-9
3-9
3-10
3-10
3-10
3-10
3-11
3-11
REPORT: VB-760
3-i
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28·181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
3.1
GENERAL
The recommended procedures for coping with various types of emergencies and critical situations are
provided by this section. All of required (FAA regulations) emergency procedures and those necessary for
the safe operation of the airplane as determined by the operating and design features of the airplane are
presented.
Emergency procedures associated with those optional systems and equipment which require handbook
supplements are provided by Section 9 (Supplements).
The first portion of this section consists of an abbreviated emergency check list which supplies an
action sequence for critical situations with little emphasis on the operation of systems.
The remainder of the section is devoted to amplified emergency procedures containing additional
information to provide the pilot with a more complete understanding of the procedures.
These procedures are suggested as the best course of action for coping with the particular condition
described. but are not a substitute for sound judgment and common sense. Since emergencies rarely happen
in modern aircraft. their occurrrence is usually unexpected and the best corrective action may not always
be obvious. Pilots should familiarize themselves with the procedures given in this section and be prepared to
take appropriate action should an emergency arise.
Most basic emergency procedures. such as power off landings, are a normal part of pilot training.
Although these emergencies are discussed here, this information is not intended to replace such training,
but only to provide a source of reference and review, and to provide information on procedures which are
not the same for all aircraft. It is suggested that the pilot review standard emergency procedures
periodically to remain proficient in them.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB·760
3·1
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
3-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
3.3
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES CHECK LIST
ENGINE FIRE DURING START
Starter .................................................. crank engine
Mixture .................................................. .idle cut-off
Throttle ............................................................. open
Electric fuel pump .............................................OFF
Fuel selector ...................................................... OFF
Abandon if fire continues
ENGINE POWER LOSS DURING TAKEOFF
If sufficient runway remains for a normal landing,
land straight ahead.
If insufficient runway remains:
Maintain safe airspeed
Make only shallow turn to avoid obstructions
Flaps as situation requires
If sufficient altitude has been gained to attempt a
restart:
Maintain safe airspeed
Fuel selector ....................................... switch to tank
containing fuel
Electric fuel pump ..................................... check ON
Mixture ................................................. check RICH
Carburetor heat ................................................... ON
If power is not regained. proceed with power off
landing.
ENGINE PO\"\,ER LOSS IN FLIGHT
Fuel selector ....................................... switch to tank
containing fuel
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Mixture ........................................................... RICH
Carburetor heat ................................................... ON
Engine gauges ........................... check for indication
of cause of power loss
Primer .................................................. check locked
If no fuel pressure is indicated. check tank selector
position to be sure it is on a tank containing fuel.
When power is restored:
Carburetor heat .................................................. OFF
Electric fuel pump ............................................. OFF
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
If power is not restored prepare for power off
landing.
Trim for 87 MPH lAS (76 KTS lAS)
POWER OFF LANDING
Locate suitable field.
Establish spiral pattern.
1000 ft. above field at downwind position for
normal landing approach.
When field can easily be reached slow to 76 MPH
lAS (66 KTS lAS) for shortest landing.
Touchdowns should normally be made at lowest
possible airspeed with tuJ) flaps.
When committed to landing:
Ignition ............................................................. OFF
Master switch .................................................... OFF
Fuel selector ...................................................... OFF
Mixture ................................................... idle cut-off
Seat belt and harness ......................................... tight
FIRE IN FLIGHT
Source of fire .................................................. check
Electrical fire (smoke in cabin):
Master switch .................................................... OFF
Vents ................................................................. open
Cabin heat ......................................................... OFF
Land as soon as practicable.
Engine fire:
Fuel selector ...................................................... OFF
Throttle ..................................................... CLOSED
Mixture ................................................... idle cut-off
Fuel selector ...................................................... OFF
Electric fuel pump ................................... check OFF
Heater and defroster .......................................... OFF
Proceed with power off landing.
LOSS OF OIL PRESSURE
Land as soon as possible and investigate cause.
Prepare for power off landing.
REPORT: VB-760
3-3
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
LOSS OF FUEL PRESSURE
OPEN DOOR
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Fuel selector ................................. check on full tank
If both upper and lower latches are open. the door
will trail slightly open and airspeeds will be reduced
slightly.
HIGH OIL TEMPERATURE
To close the door in flight:
Slow airplane to 100 MPH lAS (87 KTS lAS)
Cabin vents ...................................................... close
Storm window ................................................... open
Land at nearest airport and investigate the problem.
Prepare for power off landing.
ALTERNATOR FAILURE
Verify failure
Reduce electrical load
Alternator circuit breakers ............................... check
All swilch .................................. OFF (for 1 second),
then on
If no output:
All switch .......................................................... OFF
Reduce electrical load and land as soon as practical.
SPIN RECOVERY
Throttle .............................................................. idle
Ailerons ......................................................... neutral
Rudder .............................................. full opposite to
direction of rotation
Control wheel ........................................ full forward
Rudder ................................................ neutral (when
rotation stops)
Control wheel ...................... as required to smoothly
regain level flight altitude
If upper latch is open ....................................... .latch
If lower latch is open ................. open top latch, push
door further open and
close rapidly. Latch top
latch.
A slip in direction of open door will assist latching.
ENGINE ROUGHNESS
Carburetor heat ................................................... ON
If roughness continues after one min:
Carburetor heat .................................................. OFF
Mixture ............................................. adjust for max.
smoothness
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Fuel selector.......................................... switch tanks
Engine gauges ................................................. check
Magneto switch ...................................... L.. then "R"
then "BOTH"
If operation is satisfactory on either one, continue
on that magneto at reduced power and full "RICH"
mixture to first airport.
Prepare for power off landing.
REPORT: VB-760
3-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
3-5
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
3-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 3
PROCEDURES
EMERGENCY
3.5 AMPLIFIED EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (GENERAL)
The following paragraphs are presented to supply additional information for the purpose of providing
the pilot with a more complete understanding of the recommended course of action and probable cause of
an emergency situation.
3.7 ENGINE FIRE DURING START
Engine fires during start are usually the result of overpriming. The first attempt
is to try to start the engine and draw the excess fuel back into the induction system.
to
extinguish the fire
If a fire is present before the engine has started, move the mixture control to idle cut-off, open the
throttle and crank the engine. This is an attempt to draw the fire back into the engine.
If the engine has started, continue operating to try to pull the fire into the engine.
In either case (above), if fire continues more than a few seconds, the fire should be extinguished by
the best available external means.
The fuel selector valves should be "OFF" and the mixture at idle cut-off if an external fire
extinguishing method is to be used.
3.9 ENGINE POWER LOSS DURING TAKEOFF
The proper action to be taken if loss of power occurs during takeoff will depend on the circumstances
of the particular situation.
If sufficient runway remains to complete a normal landing. land straight ahead.
If insufficient runway remains, maintain a safe airspeed and make only a shallow turn if necessary to
avoid obstructions. Use of flaps depends on the circumstances. Normally, flaps should be fully extended for
touchdown.
If sufficient altitude has been gained to attempt a restart, maintain a safe airspeed and switch the fuel
selector to another tank containing fuel. Check the electric fuel pump to insure that it is "ON" and that the
mixture is "RICH." The carburetor heat should be "ON."
If engine failure was caused by fuel exhaustion, power will not be regained after switching fuel tanks
until the empty fuel lines are filled. This may require up to ten seconds.
If power is not regained, proceed with the Power Off Landing procedure (refer to the emergency
check list and paragraph 3.13).
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: V8-760
. 3-7
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
3.11 ENGINE POWER LOSS IN FLIGHT
Complete engine power loss is usually caused by fuel flow interruption and power will be restored
shortly after fuel flow is restored. If power loss occurs at a low altitude, the first step is to prepare for an
emergency landing (refer to paragraph 3.13). An airspeed of at least 87 MPH lAS (76 KTS lAS) should be
maintained.
If altitude permits, switch the fuel selector to another tank containing fuel and tum the electric fuel
pump "ON." Move the mixture control to "RICH" and the carburetor heat to "ON." Check the engine
gauges for an indication of the cause of the power loss. Check to insure the primer is locked. If no fuel
pressure is indicated, check the tank selector position to be sure it is on a tank containing fuel.
When power is restored move the carburetor heat to the "OFF" position and tum "OFF' the electric
fuel pump.
If the preceding steps do not restore power, prepare for an emergency landing.
If time permits, turn the ignition switch to "L" then to "R" then back to "BOTH." Move the throttle
and mixture control levers to different settings. This may restore power if the problem is too rich or too
lean a mixture or if there is a partial fuel system restriction. Try other fuel tanks. Water in the fuel could
take some time to be used up. and allowing the engine to windmill may restore power. If power loss is due
to water, fuel pressure indications will be normal.
If engine failure was caused by fuel exhaustion power will not be restored after switching fuel tanks
until the empty fuel lines are filled. This may require up to ten seconds.
If power is not regained. proceed with the Power Off Landing procedure (refer·tQ. the emergency
check list and paragraph 3.13).
3.13 POWER OFF LANDING
If loss of power occurs at altitude, trim the aircraft for best gliding angle (87 MPH IAS!76 KTS lAS)
(Air Condo off) and look for a suitable field. If measures taken to restore power are not effective, and if
time permits, check your charts for airports in the immediate vicinity; it may be possible to land at one if
you have sufficient altitude. If possible, notify the FAA by radio of your difficulty and intentions. If
another pilot or passenger is aboard. let him help.
When you have located a suitable field, establish a spiral pattern around this field. Try to be at 1000
feet above the field at the downwind position, to make a normal landing approach. When the field can
easily be reached, slow to 76 MPH lAS (66 KTS lAS) with flaps down for the shortest landing. Excess
altitude may be lost by widening your pattern, using flaps or slipping. ot a combination of these.
Touchdown should normally be made at the lowest possible airspeed.
When committed to a landing. close the throttle control and shut "OFF" the master and ignition
switches. Flaps may be used as desired. Turn the fuel selector valve to "OFF" and move the mixture to idle
cut-off. The seat belts and shoulder harness (if installed) should be tightened. Touchdown should be
normally made at the lowest possible airspeed.
REPORT: VB-760
3-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
3.15 FIRE IN FLIGHT
The presence of fire is noted through smoke, smell and heat in the cabin. It is essential that the source
of the fire be promptly identified through instrument readings, character of the smoke, or other indications
since the action to be taken differs somewhat in each case.
Check for the source of the fire first.
If an electrical fire is indicated (smoke in the cabin), the master switch should be turned "OFF." The
cabin vents should be opened and the cabin heat turned "OFF." A landing should be made as soon as
possible.
If an engine fire is present, switch the fuel selector to "OFF" and close the throttle. The mixture
should be at idle cut-off. Turn the electric fuel pump "OFF." In all cases, the heater and defroster should
be "OFF." If radio communication is not required select master switch "OFF." If the terrain permits, a
landing should be made immediately.
NOTE
The possibility of an engine fire in flight is extremely remote. The
procedure given is general and pilot judgment should be the
determining factor for action in such an emergency.
3.17 LOSS OF OIL PRESSURE
Loss of oil pressure may be either partial or complete. A partial loss of oil pressure usually indicates a
malfunction in the oil pressure regulating system, and a landing should be made as soon as possible to
investigate the cause and prevent engine damage.
A complete loss of oil pressure indication may signify oil exhaustion or may be the result of a faulty
gauge. In either case. proceed toward the nearest airport, and be prepared for a forced landing. If the
problem is not a pressure gauge malfunction, the engine may stop suddenly. Maintain altitude until such
time as a dead stick landing can be accomplished. Don't change power settings unnecessarily. as this may
hasten complete power loss.
Depending on the circumstances, it may be advisable to make an off airport landing while power is still
available, particularly if other indications of actual oil pressure loss, such as sudden increases in
temperatures, or oil smoke. are apparent, and an airport is not close.
If engine stoppage occurs, proceed with Power Off Landing.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
REPORT: VB-760
3-9
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
3.19 LOSS OF FUEL PRESSURE
If loss of fuel pressure occurs, turn "ON" the electric fuel pump and check that the fuel selector is on
a full tank.
If the problem is not an empty tank, land as soon as practical and have the engine-driven fuel pump
and fuel system checked.
3.21 HIGH OIL TEMPERATURE
An abnormally high oil temperature indication may be caused by a low oil level, an obstruction in the
oil cooler, damaged or improper baffle seals, a defective gauge, or other causes. Land as soon as practical at
an appropriate airport and have the cause investigated.
A steady, rapid rise in oil temperature is a sign of trouble. Land at the nearest airport and let a
mechanic investigate the problem. Watch the oil pressure gauge for an accompanying loss of pressure.
3.23 ALTERNATOR FAILURE
Loss of alternator output is detected through zero reading on the ammeter. Before executing the
following procedure, insure that the reading is zero and not merely low by actuating an electrically powered
device, such as the landing light. If no increase in the ammeter reading is noted, alternator failure can be
assumed.
The electrical load should be reduced as much as possible. Check the alternator circuit breakers for a
popped circuit.
The next step is to attempt to reset the overvoltage relay. This is accomplished by moving the "ALT"
switch to "OFF" for one second and then to "ON." If the trouble was caused by a momentary overvoltage
condition (16.5 volts and up) this procedure should return the ammeter to a normal reading.
If the ammeter continues to indicate "0" output, or if the alternator will not remain reset, turn off
the "ALT' switch, maintain minimum electrical load and land as soon as practical. All electrical load is
being supplied by the battery.
3.25 SPIN RECOVERY
Intentional spins are prohibited in this airplane. If a spin is inadvertently entered, immediately move
the throttle to idle and the ailerons to neutral.
.
Full rudder should then be applied opposite to the direction of rotation followed by control wheel full
forward. When the rotation stops, neutralize the rudder and ease back on the contr01 wheel as required to
smoothly regain a level flight attitude.
REPORT: VB-760
3-10
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
3.27 OPEN DOOR
The cabin door on the Cherokee is double latched, so the chances of its springing open in flight at
both the top and bottom are remote. However. should you forget the upper latch, or not fully engage the
lower latch, the door may spring partially open. This will usually happen at takeoff or soon afterward. A
partially open door will not affect normal flight characteristics. and a normal1anding can be made with the
door open.
If both upper and lower latches are open, the door will trail slightly open, and airspeed wiII be reduced
slightly.
To close the door in flight, slow the airplane to 100 MPH lAS (87 KTS lAS). close the cabin vents and
open the storm window. If the top latch is open, latch it. If the lower latch is open, open the top latch,
push the door further open and close rapidly. Then secure the top latch.
A slip in the direction of the open door will assist in the latching procedure.
3.29 ENGINE ROUGHNESS
Engine roughness is usually due to carburetor icing which is indicated by a drop in RPM, and may be
accompanied by a slight loss of airspeed or altitude. If too much ice is allowed to accumulate, restoration of
full power may not be possible: therefore, prompt action is required.
Turn carburetor heat on (See Note). RPM will decrease slightly and roughness will increase. Wait':for a
decrease in engine roughness or an increase in RPM, indicating ice removal. If no change in approximately
one minute, return the carburetor heat to "OFF."
If the engine is still rough, adjust the mixture for maximum smoothness. The engine will run rough if
too rich or too lean. The electric fuel pump should be switched to "ON" and the fuel selector switched to
the other tank to see if fuel contamination is the problem. Check the engine gauges for abnormal readings.
If any gauge readings are abnormal, proceed accordingly. Move the magneto switch to "L -, then to HR."
then back to "BOTH," If operation is satisfactory on either magneto, proceed on that magneto at reduced
power, with mixture full "RICH," to a landing at the first available airport.
If roughness persists. prepare for a precautionary landing at pilot's discretion.
NOTE
Partial carburetor heat may be worse than no heat at all, since it
may partially melt ice, which will refreeze in the intake system.
When using carburetor heat, therefore, always use full heat. and
when ice is removed return the control to the full cold position.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
3-11
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
3-12
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
Paragraph
No.
Page
No.
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.7
4.9
4.11
4.13
4.15
4.17
4.19
4.21
4.23
4.25
4.27
4.29
4.31
4.33
4.35
4.37
4.39
4-1
4-1
4-3
4-7
4-7
4-8
4-9
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-12
4-12
4-13
4-13
4-14
4-14
4-15
4-15
4-16
4-16
General. ................ ...... ....... .................................................................................................. ......... .......
Airspeeds for Safe Operations.. ........... ........................................................................................ .......
Normal Procedures Check List ...........................................................................................................
Amplified Normal Procedures (General)............................................................................................
Preflight Check ...................................................................................................................................
Before Starting Engine ........................................................................................................................
Starting Engine....................................................................................................................................
Warm-Up.............................................................................................................................................
Taxiing ................................................................................................................................................
Ground Check.....................................................................................................................................
Before Takeoff ....................................................................................................................................
Takeoff ...... ......... ............... .... ................. ............................................................................. ................
CIimb...................................................................................................................................................
Cruising ...............................................................................................................................................
Approach and Landing........................................................................................................................
Stopping Engine..................................................................................................................................
Parking ................................................................................................................................................
Stalls....................................................................................................................................................
Turbulent Air Operation......................................................................................................................
Weight and Balance ............................................................................................................................
REPORT: VB-760
4-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
4.1
GENERAL
This section clearly describes the recommended procedures for the conduct of normal operations for
the Cherokee Archer II. All of the required (FAA regulations) procedures and those necessary for the safe
operation of the airplane as determined by the operating and design features of the airplane are presented.
Normal procedures associated with those optional systems and equipment which require handbook
supplements are provided by Section 9 (Supplements).
These procedures are provided to present a source of reference and review and to supply information
on procedures which are not the same for all aircraft. Pilots should familiarize themselves with the
procedures given in this section in order to become proficient in the normal operations of the airplane.
The first portion of this section consists of a short form check list which supplies an action sequence
for normal operations with little emphasis on the operation of the systems.
The remainder of the section is devoted to amplified normal procedures which provide detailed
information and explanations of the procedures and how to perform them. This portion of the section is
not intended for use as an in-flight reference due to the lengthly explanations. The short form check list
should be used for this purpose.
4.3
AIRSPEEDS FOR SAFE OPERATIONS
The following airspeeds are those which are significant to the safe operation of the airplane. These
figures are for standard airplanes flown at gross weight under standard conditions at sea level.
Performance for a specific airplane may vary from published figures depending upon the equipment
installed, the condition of the engine, airplane and equipment, atmospheric conditions and piloting
technique.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Best Rate of Climb Speed (lAS)
Best Angle of Climb Speed (lAS)
Turbulent Air Operating Speed (lAS)
Landing Approach Speed (lAS)
Maximum Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 1, 1977
MPH
MPH
MPH
MPH
20 MPH
87
74
124
76
( 76
( 64
(l08
( 66
( 17
KTS)
KTS)
KTS)
KTS)
KTS)
REPORT: VB-760
4-1
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
4-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
..•...........
.
··
···
·•....... .............. .
·
····
····
........ .... .............. .....•...••.··
··
·
.
·..
····
··
..............
.
·•••............•.... ........•.....•••.•
···
···
: ......•.....··
.
a• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
......•.........
........... -........ ..
..............•••....................•
WALK-AROUND
Figure 4-1
4.5 NORMAL PROCEDURES CHECK LIST
PREFLIGHT CHECK
Control wheel ...................................... release belts
Master switch .................................................... ON
Fuel quantity gauges ...................................... check
Master switch .................................................. OFF
Ignition ............................................................ OFF
Exterior ....................................... check for damage
Control surfaces ................. check for interference free of ice, snow, frost
Hinges .................................. check for interference
Wings .................................. free of ice, snow, frost
Stall warning ................................................. check
Navagation lights ........................................... check
Fuel tanks ........................................... check supply
visually - secure caps
Fuel tank sumps .............................................. drain
Fuel vents ........................................................ open
Main gear struts ............................................ proper
inflation (4.50 in.)
Tires .............................................................. check
Brake bloc ks .................................................. check
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
Pitot head ......................................... remove coverholes clear
Windshield ..................................................... clean
Propeller and spinner ..................................... check
Fuel and oil ..................................... check for leaks
OiL ........................................................ check level
Dipstick .......................................... properly seated
Cowling ........................................................ secure
Inspection covers .......................................... secure
Nose wheel tire .............................................. check
Nose gear strut. ............................................. proper
inflation (3.25 in.)
Air inlets ......................................................... clear
Alternator belt ................................... check tension
Tow bar and control10cks ................................ stow
Baggage ...................................... stowed properly secure
Baggage door ................................ c1ose and secure
Fuel strainer .................................................... drain
Primary flight controls .................. proper operation
Cabin doors ................................... close and secure
Required papers ........................................ on board
Seat belts and harness .................... fastened - check
inertia reel
REPORT: VB-760
4-3
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
BEFORE STARTING ENGINE
STARTING WITH EXTERNAL POWER SOURCE
Brakes .............................................. : ................... set
Carburetor heat ........................................ fu11 COLD
Fuel selector .......................................... desired tank
Master switch .................................................... OFF
Terminals ..................................................... connect
Plug .............................................. .insert in fuselage
Master switch ..................................................... ON
Proceed with normal start
Master switch .................................................... OFF
Plug ................................................. disconnect from
fuselage
Master switch ........................... ON - check ammeter
Oil pressure ..................................................... check
STARTING ENGINE WHEN COLD
Throttle ..................................................... 1/4" open
Master switch ..................................................... ON
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Mixture ..................................................... full RICH
Starter ........................................................... engage
Throttle ........................................................... adjust
Oil pressure ..................................................... check
WARM-UP
Throttle ......................................... 800 to 1200 RPM
If engine does not start within 10 sec. prime and
repeat starting procedure.
TAXIING
STARTING ENGINE WHEN HOT
Throttle ..................................................... 1/2" open
Master switch ..................................................... ON
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Mixture ..................................................... full RICH
Starter ........................................................... engage
Throttle ........................................................... adjust
Oil pressure ..................................................... check
STARTING ENGINE WHEN FLOODED
Throttle ...................................................... open full
Master switch ..................................................... ON
Electric fuel pump ............................................. OFF
Mixture ................................................... idle cut-off
Starter ........................................................... engage
Mixture ........................................................ advance
Throttle ........................................................... retard
Oil pressure ..................................................... check
REPORT: VB-760
4-4
Chocks ....................................................... Removed
Taxi area ........................................................... clear
Throttle ................................................ apply slowly
Brakes ............................................................. check
Steering ........................................................... check
GROUND CHECK
Throttle .................................................... 2000 RPM
Magnetos .................................. max. drop 175 RPM
-max. diff. 50 RPM
Vacuum ................................................ 5.0" Hg. ± .1
Oil temp .......................................................... check
Oil pressure ..................................................... check
Air conditioner ................................................ check
Annunciator panel ................................. press-to-test
Carburetor heat.. .............................................. check
Engine is warm for takeoff when throttle can be
opened without engine faltering.
Electric fuel pump ............................................. OFF
Fuel pressure ................................................... check
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 1, 1977
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28·181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
BEFORE TAKEOFF
SOFT FIELD
Master switch ..................................................... ON
Flight instruments ........................................... check
Fuel selector ........................................... proper tank
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Engine gauges ................................................. check
Carburetor heat. ................................................. OFF
Seat backs ......................................................... erect
Mixture ................................................................ set
Belts/harness ............................................... fastened
Empty seats ................................................ seat belts
snugly fastened
Flaps .................................................................... set
Trim tab ., ............................................................. set
Controls ............................................................. free
Doors ........................................................... .Iatched
Air conditioner .................................................. OFF
Flaps ........................................... 25° (second notch)
Accelerate to 41-56 MPH lAS (41 to 49 KTS lAS)
depending on aircraft weight
Control wheel.. ................................ back pressure to
rotate to climb attitude
After breaking ground, accelerate to 52-62 MPH
lAS (45 to 54 KTS lAS) depending on aircraft
weight
Accelerate to best flaps up rate of climb speed 87
MPH lAS (76 KTS lAS)
Flaps ................................................... retract slowly
TAKEOFF
NORMAL
Flaps .................................................................... set
Tab ....................................................................... set
Accelerate to 60 to 75 MPH lAS (52 to 65 KTS
lAS)
Control wheel.. ................................ back pressure to
rotate to climb attitude
SHORT FIELD, OBSTACLE CLEARANCE
Flaps ........................................... 25° (second notch)
Accelerate to 47-56 MPH lAS (41 to 49 KTS lAS)
depending on aircraft weight
Control wheeI. ................................. back pressure to
rotate to climb attitude
After breaking ground. accelerate to 52-62 MPH
lAS (45 to 54 KTS lAS) depending on aircraft
weight
Accelerate to best flaps up angle of climb speed - 74
MPH lAS (64 KTS lAS). slowly retract the flaps
and climb past the obstacle.
Accelerate to best flaps up rate of climb speed - 87
MPH lAS (76 KTS lAS)
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16, 1979
CLIMB
Best rate (flaps up) ............................... 87 MPH lAS
(16 KTS lAS)
Best angle (flaps up) ............................14 MPH lAS
(64 MPH lAS)
En route ............................................. 100 MPH lAS
(87 KTS lAS)
Electric fuel pump ......................................... OFF at
desired altitude
CRUISING
Reference performance charts and Avco-Lycoming
Operator's Manual.
Normal max power ............................................ 7So/c
Power .......................................... set per power table
Mixture ........................................................... adjust
APPROACH AND LANDING
Fuel selector ........................................... proper tank
Seat backs ......................................................... erect
Belts/harness ................................................... fasten
Electric fuel pump .............................................. ON
Mixture ................................................................ set
Flaps ........................................... set - 115 MPH lAS
(l00 KTS lAS) max
Air conditioner .................................................. OFF
Trim to 86 MPH lAS (75 KTS lAS)
Final approach speed (flaps 40°) .......... 76 MPH lAS .,
(66 KTS lAS)
VB· 760
4·5
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AlRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-l8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
STOPPING ENGINE
Flaps .............................................................. retract
Electric fuel pump ............................................. OFF
Air conditioner .................................................. OFF
Radio's .............................................................. OFF
Throttle .......................................................... full aft
Mixture ................................................... idle cut-off
Magnetos ........................................................... OFF
Master switch .................................................... OFF
PARKING
Parking brake ....................................................... set
Control wheel ............................... secured with belts
Flaps .............................................................. full up
Wheel chocks ............................................... in place
Tie downs ....................................................... secure
REPORT: VB-760
4-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
4.7
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
AMPLIFIED NORMAL PROCEDURES (GENERAL)
The following paragraphs are provided to supply detailed information and explanations of the normal
procedures necessary for the safe operation of the airplane.
4.9
PREFLIGHT CHECK
The airplane should be given a thorough preflight and walk-around check. The preflight should include
a check of the airplane's operational status, computation of weight and C.G. limits. takeoff distance and
in-flight performance. A weather briefing should be obtained for the intended flight path, and any other
factors relating to a safe flight should be checked before takeoff.
Upon entering the cockpit, release the seat behs securing the control wheel. Turn "ON" the master
switch and check the fuel quantity gauges for sufficient fuel. After the fuel quantity check is made turn the
master switch "OFF" and the ignition switch "OFF."
To begin the exterior walk-around. check for external damage and operational interference of the
control surfaces or hinges. Insure that the wings and control surfaces are free of snow, ice, frost or any
other foreign materials.
An operational check of the stall warning system should now be made by turning the master switch
"ON," lifting the detector and checking to determine if the hom is actuated. The master switch should be
returned to the "OFF' position after the check is complete.
The next step is to check the navigation lights. The master switch must be "ON" for this check.
Return the master switch to "OFF" after this check is complete.
A visual check of the fuel tank quantity should be performed. Remove the fil1er cap from each tank
and visually check the supply and color. Be sure to secure the caps properly after the check is complete.
The fuel system should be drained daily prior to the first flight and after refueling to avoid the
accumulation of water or sediment. Each fuel tank is equipped with an individual quick drain located at the
lower inboard rear corner of the tank. The fuel strainer is equipped with a quick drain valve located on the
front lower corner of the fire wall. It is important that the fuel system be drained properly.
Open the quick drain valve with the fuel selector valve on one tank and allow fuel to flow for a few
seconds. Place a container under the drain and examine the contents for sediment and water.
When enough fuel has flowed to ensure that the lines and strainers are free of water and sediment,
close the drain and dispose of the contents of the container.
Repeat the procedure with the fuel selector valve changed to the other tank.
CAUTION
When draining any amount of fuel, care should be taken to insure
that no fire hazard exists before starting engine.
After using the quick drain, it should be checked to make sure it
has closed completely and is not leaking.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
4-7
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AlRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Check all of the fuel tank vents to make sure they are open.
Next, a complete check of the landing gear. Check the main gear shock struts for proper inflation.
There should be 4.50 inches of strut exposure under a normal static load. The nose gear should be checked
for 3.25 inches of strut exposure. Check all tires for cuts and wear and insure proper inflation. Make a
visual check of the brake blocks for wear or damage.
Remove the cover from the pitot head on the underside of the left wing. Check the pitot head to make
sure the holes are open and clear of obstructions.
Don't forget to clean and check the windshield.
The propeller and spinner should be checked for defects or nicks.
Lift the cowling and check for any obvious fuel or oil leaks. Check the oil level. Make sure that the
dipstick has properly seated after checking. Secure the cowling and check the inspection covers.
Check the air inlets for foreign matter and the alternator belt for proper tension.
Stow the tow bar and check the baggage for proper storage and security. The baggage compartment
doors should be closed and secure.
Upon entering the aircraft. ascertain that all primary flight controls operate properly. Close and secure
the fore and aft cabin doors and check that all the required papers are in order and in the airplane.
Fasten the seat belts and shoulder harness and check the function of the inertia reel by pulling sharply
on the strap.
4.11 BEFORE STARTING ENGI1"E
Before starting the engine the brakes should be set "ON" and the carburetor heat lever moved to the
full COLD position. The fuel selector should then be moved to the desired tank.
REPORT: VB·760
4-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
4.13 STARTING ENGINE
(a)
Starting Engine When Cold
Open the throttle lever approximately 1/4 inch. Turn "ON" the master switch and the
electric fuel pump.
Move the mixture control to full "RICH" and engage the starter by rotating the magneto
switch clockwise and pressing in. When the engine fires, release the magneto switch, and move the
throttle to the desired setting.
If the engine does not fire within five to ten seconds, disengage the starter, prime the engine
and repeat the starting procedure.
(b)
Starting Engine When Hot
Open the throttle approximately 1/2 inch. Turn "ON" the master switch and the electric
fuel pump. Move the mixture control lever to full RICH and engage the starter by rotating the
magneto switch clockwise and pressing in. When the engine fires, release the magneto switch and
move the throttle to the desired setting.
(c)
Starting Engine When Flooded
The throttle lever should be full "OPEN." Turn "ON" the master switch and turn "OFF"
the electric fuel pump. Move the mixture control lever to idle cut-off and engage the starter by
rotating the magneto switch clockwise and pressing in. When the engine fires, release the magneto
switch, advance the mixture and retard the throttle.
(d)
Starting Engine With External Power Source
An optional feature called the Piper External Power (PEP) allows the operator to use an
external battery to crank the engine without having to gain access to the airplane's battery.
Turn the airplane master switch ··OFF." Connect the RED lead of the PEP kit jumper cable
to the POSITIVE (+) terminal of an external 12-volt battery and the BLACK lead to the
NEGATIVE (-) terminal. Insert the plug of the jumper cable to the socket located on the
fuselage.
Turn "ON" the airplane master switch and proceed with the normal engine starting
procedure.
After the engine has started, tum the master switch "OFF" and disconnect the jumper cable
from the airplane. Return the master switch to the "ON" position and check the alternator
ammeter for an indication of output. DO NOT ATTEMPT FLIGHT IF THERE IS NO
INDICATION OF ALTERNATOR OUTPUT.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 1, 1977
REPORT: VB-760
4-9
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
When the engine is firing evenly, advance the throttle to 800 RPM. If oil pressure is not indicated
within thirty seconds, stop the engine and determine the trouble. In cold weather it wiJI take a few seconds
longer to get an oil pressure indication. If the engine has failed to start, refer to the Lycoming Operating
Handbook, Engine Troubles and Their Remedies.
Starter manufacturers recommend that cranking periods be limited to thirty seconds with a two
minute rest between cranking periods. Longer cranking periods wiJI shorten the life of the starter.
REPORT: VB-760
4-10
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
4.15 WARM-UP
Warm-up the engine at 800 to 1200 RPM for not more than two minutes in warm weather and four
minutes in cold. Avoid prolonged idling at low RPM, as this practice may result in fouled spark plugs.
Takeoff may be made as soon as the ground check is completed, provided that the throttle may be
opened fully without backfiring or skipping, and without a reduction in engine oil pressure.
Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground containing loose
stones, gravel or any loose material that may cause damage to the propeller blades.
4.17 TAXIING
Before attempting to taxi the airplane, ground personnel should be instructed and approved by a
qualified person authorized by the owner. Ascertain that the propeller back blast and taxi areas are clear.
Power should be applied slowly to start the taxi roll. Taxi a few feet forward and apply the brakes to
determine their effectiveness. While taxiing, make slight turns to ascertain the effectiveness of the steering.
Observe wing clearances when taxiing near buildings or other stationary objects. If possible. station an
observer outside the airplane.
Avoid holes and ruts when taxiing over uneven ground.
Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground containing loose
stones, gravel or any loose material that may cause damage to the propeller blades.
4.19 GROUND CHECK
The magnetos should be checked at 2000 RPM. Drop off on either magneto should not exceed 175
RPM and the difference between the magnetos should not exceed 50 RPM. Operation on one magneto
should not exceed 10 seconds.
Check the vacuum gauge; the indicator should read 5.0"
± .J" Hg at 2000 RPM.
Check both oil temperature and oil pressure. The temperature may be low for some time if the engine
is being run for the first time of the day, but as long as the pressure is within limits the engine is ready for
takeoff.
Check the annunciator panel lights with the press-to-test button. Also check the air conditioner.
Carburetor heat should also be checked prior to takeoff to be sure the control is operating properly
and to clear any ice which may have formed during taxiing. Avoid prolonged ground operation with
carburetor heat "ON" as the air is unfiltered.
The electric fuel pump should be turned "OFF" after starting or during warm-up to make sure that
the engine driven pump is operating. Prior to takeoff the electric pump should be turned ON again to
prevent loss of power during takeoff should the engine driven pump fail. The engine is warm enough for
takeoff when the throttle can be opened without the engine faltering.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
4-11
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
4.21 BEFORE TAKEOFF
All aspects of each particular takeoff should be considered prior to executing the takeoff procedure.
Tum "ON" the master switch and check and set all of the flight instruments as required. Check the
fuel selector to make sure it is on the proper tank (fullest). Turn "ON" the electric fae1 pump and check
the engine gauges. The carburetor heat should be in the "OFF" position.
All seat backs should be erect.
The mixture should be set and the seat belts and shoulder harness fastened. Fasten the seat belts
snugly around the empty seats.
Exercise and set the flaps and trim tab. Insure proper flight contr01 movement and response.
All doors should be properly secured and latched.
On air conditioned models, the air conditioner must be "OFF" to insure normal takeoff performance.
4.23 TAKEOFF
The normal takeoff technique is conventional for the Cherokee Archer II. The tab should be set
slightly aft of neutral, with the exact setting determined by the loading of the airplane. AHow the airplane
to accelerate to 60 to 75 MPH lAS (52 to 65 KTS lAS) depending on the weight of the aircraft and ease
back on the control wheel to rotate to climb attitude.
The procedure used for a short field takeoff with an obstacle clearance or a soft field takeoff differs
slightly from the normal technique. The flaps should be lowered to 25° (second notch). Allow the aircraft
to accelerate to 47 to 56 MPH lAS (41 to 49 KTS lAS) depending on the aircraft weight and rotate the
aircraft to climb attitude. After breaking ground, accelerate to 52-62 MPH lAS (45 to 54 KTS lAS),
depending on aircraft weight. Continue to climb while accelerating to the flaps-up rate of climb speed, 87
MPH lAS (76 KTS lAS) if no obstacle is present or 74 MPH lAS (64 KTS lAS) if obstacle clearance is a
consideration. Slowly retract the flaps while climbing out.
REPORT: VB-760
4-12
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
4.25 CLIMB
The best rate of climb at gross weight will be obtained at 87 MPH lAS (76 KTS lAS). The best angle
of climb may be obtained at 74 MPH lAS (64 KTS lAS). At lighter than gross weight these speeds are
reduced somewhat. For climbing en route, a speed of 100 MPH lAS (87 KTS lAS) is recommended. This
will produce better forward speed and increased visibility over the nose during the climb.
When reaching the desired altitude, the electric fuel pump may be turned off.
4.27 CRUISING
The cruising speed of the Cherokee Archer II is determined by many factors, including power setting.
altitude. temperature, loading and equipment installed in the airplane.
The normal maximum cruising power is 75% of the rated horsepower of the engine. Airspeeds which
may be obtained at various altitudes and power settings can be determined from the performance graphs
provided by Section 5.
Use of the mixture control in cruising flight reduces fuel consumption significantly, especially at
higher altitudes. The mixture should be leaned during cruising operation above 5000 ft. altitude and at
pilot'S discretion at lower altitudes when 75% power or less is being used. If any doubt exists as to the
amount of power being used. the mixture should be in the full "RICH" position for all operations under
5000 feet.
To lean the mixture, disengage the lock and pull the mixture control until the engine becomes rough,
indicating that the lean mixture limit has been reached in the leaner cylinders. Then enrich the mixture by
pushing the control towards the instrument panel until engine operation becomes smooth.
If the airplane is equipped with the optional exhaust gas temperature (EGT) gauge, a more accurate
means of leaning is available to the pilot. For this procedure, refer to the "Avco-Lycoming Operator's
Manual. "
In order to keep the airplane in best lateral trim during cruise flight, the fuel should be used
alternately from each tank at one hour intervals.
Always remember that the electric fuel pump should be turned "ON" before switching tanks, and
should be left on for a short period thereafter. In order to keep the airplane in best lateral trim during
cruising flight, the fuel should be used alternately from each tank. It is recommended that one tank be used
for one hour after takeoff, then the other tank be used for two hours; then return to the first tank, which
will have approximately one and one half hours of fuel remaining if the tanks were full at takeoff. The
second tank will contain approximately one half hour of fuel. Do not run tanks completely dry in flight.
The electric fuel pump should be normally "OFF" so that any malfunction of the engine driven fuel pump
is immediately apparent. If signs of fuel starvation should occur at any time during flight, fuel exhaustion
should be suspected: at which time the fuel selector should be immediately positioned to the other tank
and the electric fuel pump switched to the "ON" position.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
4-13
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
4.29 APPROACH AND LANDING
Check to insure the fuel selector is on the proper (fullest) tank and that the seat backs are erect. The
seat belts and shoulder harness should be fastened and the inertia reel checked.
Turn "ON" the electric fuel pump and turn "OFF" the air conditioner. The mixture should be sel in
the full "RICH" position.
When on final approach, the airplane should be trimmed to an approach speed of about 76 MPH lAS
(66 KTS lAS) with flaps extended. The flaps can be lowered at speeds up to 115 MPH lAS (100 KTS lAS).
if desired.
The mixture control should be kept in full "RICH" position to insure maximum acceleration if it
should be necessary to open the throttle again. Carburetor heat should not be applied unless there is an
indication of carburetor icing. since the use of carburetor heat causes a reduction in power which may be
critical in case of a go-around. Full throttle operation with carburetor heat on is likely to cause detonation.
The amount of flap used during landings and the speed of the aircraft at contact with the runway
should be varied according to the landing surface and conditions of wind and airplane loading. It is
generally good practice to contact the ground at the minimum possible safe speed consistent with existing
conditions.
Normally, the best technique for short and slow landings is to use full flap and enough power to
maintain the desired airspeed and approach flight path. Mixture should be full "RICH," fuel on the fullest
tank, and electric fuel pump ""ON:" Reduce the speed during the flareout and contact the ground close to
the stalling speed. After ground contact hold the nose wheel off as long as possible. As the airplane slows
down, gently lower the nose and apply the brakes. Braking is most effective when flaps are raised and back
pressure is applied to the control wheel. putting most of the aircraft weight on the main wheels. In high
wind conditions, particularly in strong crosswinds, it may be desirable to approach the ground at higher
than normal speeds with partial or no flaps.
4.31 STOPPING ENGINE
At the pilot's discretion. the flaps should be raised and the electric fuel pump turned "OFF." The air
conditioner and radios should be turned "OFF," and the engine stopped by disengaging the mixture control
lock and pulling the mixture control back to idle cut-off. The throttle should be left full aft to avoid engine
vibration while stopping. Then the magneto and master switches must be turned "OFF."
REPORT: VB-760
4-14
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
4.33 PARKING
If necessary, the airplane should be moved on the ground with the aid of the nose wheel tow bar
provided with each airplane and secured behind the rear seats. The aileron and stabilator controls should be
secured by looping the safety belt through the control whee) and pulling it snug. The flaps are locked when
in the "UP" position and should be left retracted.
Tie downs can be secured to rings provided under each wing and to the tail skid. The rudder is held in
position by its connections to the nose wheel steering and normally does not have to be secured.
4.35 STALLS
The stall characteristics of the Cherokee Archer II are conventional. An approaching staJ] is indicated
by a stall warning horn which is activated between five and ten miles per hour above stall speed. Mild
airframe buffeting and gentle pitching may also precede the stall.
The gross weight stalling speed of the Cherokee Archer II with power off and full flaps is 61 MPH CAS
(53 KTS CAS). With the flaps up this speed is increased 7 MPH (6 KTS). Loss of altitude during stalls varies
from 100 to 350 feet, depending on configuration and power.
The following performance figures were obtained during FAA type tests and may be realized under
conditions indicated with the airplane and engine in good condition and with average piloting technique.
All performance is given for 2550 pounds. Stall speeds at lower weights will be correspondingly less.
Stalling speeds, in mph and knots, power off, versus angle of bank (calibrated airspeed):
Angle of Bank
Flaps Up
Flaps Down
MPH
KTS
68
59
MPH
KTS
53
70
78
85
61
68
74
96
83
61
NOTE
The stall warning system is inoperative with the master switch
"OFF."
During preflight, the stall warning system should be checked by turning the master switch "ON ,"
lifting the detector and checking to determine if the hom is actuated. The master switch should be returned
to the "OFF" position after the check is complete.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
4-15
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
PIPER AIRCRAFr CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
4.37 TURBULENT AIR OPERATION
In keeping with good operating practice used in an aircraft, it is recommended that when turbulent air
is encountered or expected, the airspeed be reduced to maneuvering speed to reduce the structural loads
caused by gusts and to allow for inadvertent speed build-ups which may occur as a result of the turbulence
or of distractions caused by the conditions.
4.39 WEIGHT AND BALANCE
It is the responsibility of the owner and pilot to determine that the airplane remains within the
allowable weight vs. center of gravity envelope while in flight.
For weight and balance data. refer to Section 6 (Weight and Balance).
REPORT: VB-760
4-16
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
Page
Paragraph
No.
No.
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7
General................................................................................................................................................
Introduction to Performance and Flight PJanning...............................................................................
Flight Planning Example.....................................................................................................................
Performance Graphs............................................................................................................................
List of Figures ... ...........................................................................................................................
5-1
5-1
5-3
5-9
5-9
REPORT: VB-760
5-i
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
5.1
GENERAL
All of the required (FAA regulations) and complementary performance information applicable to the
Cherokee Archer II is provided by this section.
Performance information associated with those optional systems and equipment which require
handbook supplements is provided by Section 9 (Supplements).
5.3 INTRODUCTION TO PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT PLANNING
The performance information presented in this section is based on measured Flight Test Data
corrected to 1.c.A.a. standard day conditions and analytically expanded for the various parameters of
weight, altitude, temperature. etc.
The performance charts are unfactored and do not make any allowance for varying degrees of pilot
proficiency or mechanical deterioration of the aircraft. This performance, however, can be duplicated by
following the stated procedures in a properly maintained airplane.
Effects of conditions not considered on the charts must be evaluated by the pilot, such as the effect of
soft or grass runway surface on takeoff and landing performance, or the effect of winds aloft on cruise and
range performance. Endurance can be grossly affected by improper leaning procedures, and inflight fuel
flow and quantity checks are recommended.
REMEMBER! To get chart performance, follow the chart procedures.
The information provided by paragraph 5.5 (Flight Planning Example) outlines a detailed flight plan
using the performance charts in this section. Each chart includes its own example to show how it is used.
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-1
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE- ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFl' BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
5-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
5.5 FLIGHT PLANNING EXAMPLE
(a)
Aircraft Loading
The first step in planning our flight is to calculate the airplane weight and center of gravity
by utilizing the information provided by Section 6 (Weight and Balance) of this handbook.
The basic empty weight for the airplane as delivered from the factory has been entered in
Figure 6-5. If any alterations to the airplane have been made effecting weight and balance,
reference to the aircraft logbook and Weight and Balance Record (Figure 6-7) should be made to
determine the current basic empty weight of the airplane,
Make use of the Weight and Balance Loading Form (Figure 6-13) and the e.G. Range and
Weight graph (Figure 6-15) to determine the total weight of the airplane and the center of gravity
position.
After proper utilization of the information provided we have found the following weights
for consideration in our flight planning example.
The landing weight cannot be determined until the weight of the fuel to be used has been
established [refer to item (g)(1 )J.
14001bs.
(1) Basic Empty Weight
3401bs.
(2) Occupants (2 x 170 lbs)
3601bs.
(3) Baggage and Cargo
3001bs.
(4) Fuel (6 Ib/gaJ x 50)
24001bs.
(5) Takeoff Weight
(6) Landing Weight
22651bs.
(a)(5) minus (g)(1). (2400 lbs. minus 135Ibs.)
Our takeoff weight is below the maximum of 2550 lbs. and our weight and balance
calculations have determined our e.G. position within the approved limits.
(b)
Takeoff and Landing
Now that we have determined our aircraft loading, we must consider all aspects of our
takeoff and landing.
All of the existing conditions at the departure and destination airport must be acquired,
evaluated and maintained throughout the flight.
Apply the departure airport conditions and takeoff weight to the appropriate Takeoff
Performance graph (Figure 5-5 or 5-7) to determine the length of runway necessary for the
takeoff and/or the barrier distance.
The landing distance calculations are performed in the same manner using the existing
conditions at the destination airport and, when established, the landing weight.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-3
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
CHEROKEE ARCHER II
The conditions and calculations for our example flight are listed below. The takeoff and
landing distances required for our example flight have fallen wen below the available runway
lengths.
(I)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Elevation
Temperature
Wind Component
Runway Length Available
Runway Required
Departure
Airport
Destination
Airport
2000 ft.
70°F
8KTS
7000 ft.
1860 ft.*
2300 ft.
70°F
5 KTS
4500 ft.
1290**
NOTE
The remainder of the performance charts used in this flight plan
example assume a no wind condition. The effect of winds aloft
must be considered by the pilot when computing climb. cruise and
descent performance.
(c)
Climb
The next step in our flight plan is to determine the necessary climb segment components.
The desired cruise altitude and corresponding cruise temperature values are the first
variables to be considered in determining the climb components from the Time, Distance. and
Fuel to Climb graph (Figure 5-11). After the time, distance and fuel for the cruise altitude and
temperature values have been established, apply the existing conditions at the departure field to
graph (Figure 5-11). No",:, subtract the values obtained from the graph for the field of departure
conditions from those for the cruise elevation.
The remaining values are the true fuel, distance and time components for the climb segment
of the flight plan corrected for field altitude and temperature.
The following values were determined from the above instructions in our flight planning
example.
(I) Cruise Altitude
6000 f1.
55°F
(2) Cruise Altitude Temperature
(3) Time to Climb (12.5 min. minus 4.5 min.)
8 min.***
13 miles***
(4) Distance to Climb (20.5 miles minus 7.5 miles)
2 gal.***
(5) Fuel to Climb (3 gal. minus I gal.)
* reference Figure 5-5
** reference Figure 5-29
** * reference Figure 5-11
REPORT: VB-760
5-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(d)
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
Descent
The descent data will be determined prior to the cruise data to provide the descent distance
for establishing the total cruise distance.
Utilizing the cruise altitude and temperature we determine the basic time, distance and fuel
for descent (Figure 5-25). These figures must be adjusted for the field elevation and temperature
at the destination airport. To find the necessary adjustment values, use the existing altitude and
temperature conditions at the destination airport as variabJes to find the time, distance and fuel
values from the graph (Figure 5-25). Now, subtract the values obtained from the field conditions
from the values obtained from the cruise conditions to find the true time, distance and fuel
values needed for the flight plan.
The values obtained by proper utilization of the graphs for the descent segment of our
example are shown below.
6.5 min.*
(1) Time to Descend (17 min. minus 10.5 min.)
15 miles*
(2) Distance to Descend (40.5 miles minus 25.5 miles)
.7 gal.*
(3) Fuel to Descend (1.7 gal. minus 1 gal.)
(e)
Cruise
Using the total distance to be traveled during the flight, subtract the previously calculated
distance to climb and distance to descend to establish the total cruise distance. Refer to the
appropriate Avco Lycoming Operator's Manual when selecting thi cruise power setting. The
established altitude and temperature values and the selected cruise power should now be utilized
to determine the true airspeed from the appropriate Speed Power graph (Figure 5-15 or 5-17).
Calculate the cruise fuel flow for the cruise power setting from the' information provided by
the Avco Lycoming Operator's Manual.
The cruise time is found by dividing the cruise distance by the cruise speed and the cruise
fuel is found by multiplying the cruise fuel flow by the cruise time.
The cruise calculations established for the cruise segment of our flight planning example are
as follows:
360 miles
(I) Total Distance
(2) Cruise Distance
(e)(l) minus (c)(4) minus (d)(2), (360 miles minus
332 miles
13 miles minus 15 miles)
65'k rated power
(3) Cruise Power
(4) Cruise Speed
127 MPH TAS**
(5) Cruise Fuel Consumption
7.6 GPH
(6) Cruise Time
2.62 hrs.
(e)(2) divided by (e)(4), (332 miles divided by 127 MPH)
(7) Cruise Fuel
19.8 gal.
(e)(5) multiplied by (c)(6), (7.6 GPH multiplied by 2.62 hrs.)
* reference Figure 5-25
** reference Figure 5-17
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16,1979
REPORT: VB-760
5-5
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
(f)
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Total Flight Time
The total flight time is determined by adding the time to climb, the time to descend and the
cruise time. Remember! The time values taken from the climb and descent graphs are in minutes
and must be converted to hours before adding them to the cruise time.
The following flight time is required for our flight planning example.
(1) Total Flight Time
(c)(3) plus (d)(l) plus (e)(6), (.13.hrs. plus .11 hrs. plus 2.62 hrs.)
(g)
2.86 hrs.
Total Fuel Required
Determine the total fuel required by adding the fuel to climb, the fuel to descend and the
cruise fuel. When the total fuel (in gallons) is determined, multiply this value by 6 lb/gal to
determine the total fuel weight used for the flight.
The total fuel calculations for our example flight plan are shown below.
(1) Total Fuel Required
(c)(5) plus (d)(3) plus (e)(7), (2 gal. plus.7 gal. plus 19.8 gal.)
(22.5 gal. multiplied by 6 Ib/gal.)
REPORT: VB-760
5-6
22.5 gal.
1351bs.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-7
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
5-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
5.7 PERFORMANCE GRAPHS
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure
No.
No.
5-1
5-3
5-5
5-6
5-7
5-8
5-9
5-11
5-13
5-15
5-17
5-19
5-21
5-23
5-25
5-27
5-29
5-30
Airspeed System Calibration .............................................................................................................
Stall Speeds .......................................................................................................................................
Flaps Up Takeoff Performance ..........................................................................................................
Flaps Up Takeoff Ground Roll ..........................................................................................................
25° Flaps Takeoff Performance .........................................................................................................
25° Flaps Takeoff Ground Roll .........................................................................................................
Climb Performance............................................................................................................................
Time. Distance and Fuel to Climb .....................................................................................................
Engine Performance ..........................................................................................................................
Speed Power - Performance Cruise ...................................................................................................
Speed Power - Economy Cruise ........................................................................................................
Best Power Mixture - Range .............................................................................................................
Best Economy Mixture - Range ........................................................................................................
Endurance ..........................................................................................................................................
Time. Distance and Fuel to Descend .................................................................................................
Glide Range .......................................................................................................................................
Landing Performance ........................................................................................................................
Landing Ground Roll .......................................................................................................... ,..............
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
5-11
5-12
5-13
5-14
5-14a
5-14b
5-15
5-16
5-17
5-18
5-19
5-20
5-21
5-22
5-23
5-24
5-25
5-26
REPORT: VB-760
5-9
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA.28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
5-10
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PA-28-181
C£lLmlilrtl£
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Figure 5-]
REPORT: VB-760
5-11
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER A1RCRAFr CORPORATION
PA-:zs.III, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PA-28-181
$11 b\U $Iflllll®$
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REPORT: VB·760
5· l2
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
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PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
PA-28-181
VI V
1/
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1000
RATE OF COO-F.P.M.
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30
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP ...... oC
CLIMB PERFORMANCE
Figure 5-9
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-15
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA.28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PA-28-181
1/
-20
J
0
I
1/ 1/ nv
20 40 60
80
OUTSIDE
AIR, TEMP
..... oFI
I
1
!
iii
-20 -10
0
10
f
20
100
i
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
TIME, DISTANCE AND FUR TO ClIMB
30
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP ...... oC
TIME, DISTANCE AND FUEL TO CLIMB
Figure 5-11
REPORT: VB-760
5-16
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
PA-28-181
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ENGINE SPEED ... R.P.M.
30
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP ...... oC
ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Figure 5-13
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB· 760
5-17
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PA-28-181
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1
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140
i
120
,
150
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SPEED POWER - PERFORMANCE CRUISE
Figure 5-15
REPORT: VB-760
5-18
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PA-28-181
j
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40
10
60
100
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP .....oF
"
t!
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i'
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i
10
I
J
20
j
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30
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP ..... oC
SPEED POWER - ECONOMY CRUISE
Figure 5-17
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-19
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA.28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
PA-28-181
1/ VI V
V
1/
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20
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fI
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100
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75%
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1/ II
1/
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WHEEL FAlla ISTAu.£D,
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2550 PIIIeS. ZERO WIND
THIS UNII IG.IIIES C1M
AID DE$CEIT DISTANCE.
VI
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rt>@mlllil tJJO)XirtYJlJllI
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,
500
'
700
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550
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650
BEST POWER MIXTURE· RANGE
Figure 5-19
REPORT: VB-760
5-20
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTIONS
.. PERFORMANCE
PA-28-181
1/
-20
1/ 17 \[1
20 40 60
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BEST ECONOMY MIXTURE - RANGE
Figure 5-21
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-21
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-%8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PA-28-181
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Figure 5-23
REPORT: VB-760
5-22
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTIONS
PERFORMANCE
PA-28-181
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TIME, DISTANCE AND FUEL TO DESCEND
38
OUTSIDE AIR TEMP.
TIME, DISTANCE AND FUEL TO DESCEND
Figure 5-25
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
5-23
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
PA-28-181
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Figure 5-27
REPORT: VB-760
5-24
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Paragraph
No.
Page
No.
6.1
6.3
6.5
6.7
6-1
6-3
6-6
6.9
General ............................................................................................................................................... .
Airplane Weighing Procedure ............................................................................................................ .
Weight and Balance Data and Record ................................................................................................ .
Weight and Balance Determination for Flight .................................................................................. ..
Equipment List .................................................................................................................... '" ............ .
(a)
Propeller and Propeller Accessories .................................................................................... ..
(b)
Engine and Engine Accessories ........................................................................................... ..
(c)
Landing Gear and Brakes ..................................................................................................... ..
(d)
Electrical Equipment ............................................................................................................. .
(e)
Instruments ............................................................................................................................ .
(f)
Miscellaneous ....................................................................................................................... .
(g)
Engine and Engine Accessories (Optional Equipment) ....................................................... ..
(h)
Propeller and Propeller Accessories (Optional Equipment) ................................................. .
(i)
Landing Gear and Brakes (Optional Equipment) ................................................................. .
U)
Electrical Equipment (Optional Equipment) ........................................................................ .
(k)
Instruments (Optional Equipment) ....................................................................................... .
(1)
Autopilots (Optional Equipment) ........................................................................................ ..
(m)
Radio Equipment (Optional Equipment) .............................................................................. .
(n)
Miscellaneous (Optional Equipment) .................................................................................. ..
6-11
6-17
6-17
6-19
6-21
6-23
6-25
6-27
6-29
6-31
6-33
6-35
6-37
6-39
6-41
6-49
REPORT: VB-760
6-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28·181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
6.1
GENERAL
In order to achieve the performance and flying characteristics which are designed into the airplane, it
must be flown with the weight and center of gravity (C.G.) position within the approved operating range
(envelope). Although the airplane offers a tremendous flexibility of loading, you cannot fill the airplane with
the maximum number of adult passengers, full fuel tanks and maximum baggage. With the flexibility comes
responsibility. The pilot must ensure that the airplane is loaded within the loading envelope before he makes
a takeoff.
Misloading carries consequences for any aircraft. An overloaded airplane wil1 not take off, climb or
cruise as well as a properly loaded one. The heavier the airplane is loaded, the less climb performance it will
have.
Center of gravity is a determining factor in flight characteristics. If the C.G. is too far forward in any
airplane, it may be difficult to rotate for takeoff or landing. If the C.G. is too far aft, the airplane may
rotate prematurely on takeoff or tend to pitch up during climb. Longitudinal stability will be reduced. This
can lead to inadvertent stalls and even spins; and spin recovery becomes more difficult as the center of
gravity moves aft of the approved limit.
A properly loaded airplane, however, will perform as intended. Before the airplane is delivered. it is
weighed, and a basic empty weight and e.G. location is computed (basic empty weight consists of the standard
empty weight of the airplane plus the optional equipment). Using the basic empty weight and e.G. location,
the pilot can easily determine the weight and C.G. position for the loaded airplane by computing the total
weight and moment and then determining weather they are within the approved envelope.
The basic empty weight and e.G. location are recorded in the Weight and Balance Data Form (Figure
6-5) and the Weight and Balance Record (Figure 6-7). The current values should always be used. Whenever
new equipment is added or any modification work is done, the mechanic responsible for the work is required
to compute a new basic empty weight and C.G. position and to write these in the Aircraft Log Book and the
Weight and Balance Record. The owner should make sure that it is done.
A weight and balance calculation is necessary in determining how much fuel or baggage can be boarded
so as to keep the e.G. within allowable limits. Check calculations prior to adding fuel to insure against
improper loading.
The following pages are forms used in weighing an airplane in production and in computing basic
empty weight, e.G. position, and useful load. Note that the useful load includes usable fuel, baggage. cargo
and passengers. Following this is the method for computing takeoff weight and C.G.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB· 760
6-1
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-l8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
6.3 AIRPLANE WEIGHING PROCEDURE
At the time of delivery. Piper Aircraft Corporation provides each airplane with the basic empty weight
and center of gravity location. This data is supplied by Figure 6-5.
The removal or addition of equipment or airplane modifications can affect the basic empty weight and
center of gravity. The following is a weighing procedure to determine this basic empty weight and center of
gravity location:
(a)
Preparation
(1)
Be certain that al1 items checked in the airplane equipment list are installed in the proper
location in the airplane.
(2)
Remove excessive dirt, grease, moisture, foreign items such as rags and tools from the
airplane before weighing.
(3)
Defuel airplane. Then open all fuel drains until all remaining fuel is drained. Operate engine
on each tank until all undrainable fuel is used and engine stops. Then add the unusable fuel
(2.0 gallons total. 1.0 gallons each wing),
CAUTION
Whenever the fuel system is completely drained and fuel is replenished it will be necessary to run the engine for a minimum of
three minutes at 1000 RPM on each tank to insure that no air exists
in the fuel supply lines.
(b)
(4)
Fill with oil to full capacity.
(5)
Place pilot and copilot seats in fourth (4th) notch. aft of forward position. Put flaps in the
fully retracted position and all control surfaces in the neutral position. Tow bar should be in
the proper location and all entrance and baggage doors closed.
(6)
Weigh the airplane inside a closed building to prevent errors in scale readings due to wind.
Leveling
(l)
With airplane on scales, block main gear oleo pistons in the fully extended position.
(2)
Level airplane (refer to Figure 6-3) deflating nose wheel tire, to center bubble on level.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16, 1979
REPORT: VB-760
6-3
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(c)
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Weighing - Airplane Basic Empty Weight
(l)
With the airplane level and brakes released, record the weight shown on each scale. Deduct
the tare, if any, from each reading.
Scale
Reading
Scale Position and Symbol
Nose Wheel
(N)
Right Main Wheel
(R)
Left Main Wheel
(L)
Basic Empty Weight, as Weighed (T)
-
Tare
Net
Weight
-
WEIGHING FORM
Figure 6-1
(d)
Basic Empty Weight Center of Gravity
(l)
The following geometry applies to the PA-28-181 airplane when it is level. Refer to Leveling
paragraph 6.3 (b).
Level Points
(Fuselage)
Wing Leading Edge
The datum is 78.4 inches ahead of the
wing leading edge at the intersection
of the straight and tapered section.
A=
B=
LEVELING DIAGRAM
Figure 6-3
REPORT: VB-760
6-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(2)
Obtain measurement "A" by measuring from a plumb bob dropped from the wing leading:
edge. at the intersection of the straight and tapered section, horizontally and paralle) to the
airplane centerline. to the main wheel cenlerline.
(3)
Obtain measu rement " B" by measuring the distance from the main wheel centerline,
horizontally and parallel to the airplane centerline. to each side of the nose wheel axle . Then
average the measurements.
(4)
The basic empty weight center of gravity (as weighed including optional equipment, full oil
and unusable fuel) can be determined by the following formula:
e.G. Ann -78.4+ A-..Ilili}
T
CC. Arm - 78 .4 + (
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
(
)
inches
REPORT: VB-760
6-5
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
6.5 WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA AND RECORD
The Basic Empty Weight, Center of Gravity Location and Useful Load listed in Figure 6-5 are for the
airplane as delivered from the factory. These figures apply only to the specific airplane serial number and
registration number shown.
The basic empty weight of the airplane as delivered from the factory has been entered in the Weight
and Balance Record (Figure 6-7). This form is provided to present the current status of the airplane basic
empty weight and a complete history of previous modifications. Any change to the permanently installed
equipment or modification which affects weight or moment must be entered in the Weight and Balance
Record.
REPORT: VB-760
6-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28·18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
MODEL PA-28-181 CHEROKEE ARCHER"
Airplane Serial Number _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Registration Number _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
D", _______________
AIRPLANE BASIC EMPTY WEIGHT
Weight
Item
x
(Lb,)
e.G.Arm
(Inches Aft
of Datum)
Moment
•
(In-Lb,)
Standard Empty Weight"
Optional Equ ipmcm
Basic Empty Weight
*The standard empty weight includes full o il capacity and 2.0 gallons of un usable fue l.
AIRPLANE USEFUL LOAD
(Gross Weight) - (Basic Empty Weight) - Useful Load
Normal (megory (2550 Ibs) - (
Ib,)
•
Ib,.
Utility Category (1950 Ibs) - (
Ib,)
•
Ibs.
THI S BASIC EMPTY WEIGHT. C.G. AND USEFUL LOAD ARE FOR THE AIRPLANE AS
DELIVERED FROM THE FACTORY. REFER TO APPROPRIATE AIRCRAFT RECORD WHEN
ALTERATIONS HAVE BEEN MADE.
WEIGHT AND BALANCE DATA FORM
Figure 6-5
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-7
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFr BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
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Item No.
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As Delivered
Description of Article or Modil1cation
Serial Numher
Wt. Arm Moment Wt. Arm Moment
(Lh.) (In.) /tOO (Lh.) (In.) 1100
-
Wt. Moment
(Lb.) 11 ()()
Running Basic
Empty Weight
Page Number
Weight Change
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/100
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SECI'ION6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA.28·181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
6.7 WEIGHT AND BALANCE DETERMINATION FOR FLIGHT
(a)
Add the weight of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight.
(b)
Use the Loading Graph (Figure 6-13) to determine the moment of all items to be carried in the
airplane.
(c)
Add the moment of all items to be loaded to the basic empty weight moment.
(d)
Divide the total moment by the total weight to determine the C.G. location.
(e)
By using the figures of item (a) and item (d)
locate a point on the C.G. range and weight
graph (Figure 6-15). If the point falls within the C.G. envelope. the loading meets the weight and
balance requirements.
Weight
(Lbs)
Arm Aft
Datum
(Inches)
Moment
(In-Lbs)
Pilot and Front Passenger
340.0
80.5
27370
Passengers (Rear Seats)*
340.0
118.1
40154
Basic Empty Weight
Fuel (48 Gallon Maximum)
--
95.0
142.8
Baggage*
Total Loaded Airplane
The center of gravity (e.G.) of this sample loading problem is at
inches aft of the datum line.
Locate this point (
) on the C.G. range and weight graph. Since this point falls within the weight e.G. envelope, this loading meets the weight and balance requirements.
IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PILOT AND AIRCRAFT OWNER TO INSURE THAT THE
AIRPLANE IS LOADED PROPERLY.
*Utility Category Operation - No baggage or rear passengers allowed.
SAMPLE LOADING PROBLEM (NORMAL CATEGORY)
Figure 6-9
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB·760
6-11
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFr CORPORATION
PA-28-111, CHEROKEE ARCHER"
Weigh'
AnnAt,
Datum
(Lbs)
(lnche,)
Moment
(In-Lb')
.
Basic Empty Weight
Pi lot and Front Passenger
80.5
Passengers (Rear Seats)·
118.1
,
95.0
Fuel (48 Gallon Maximum)
142.8
Baggage·
Total Loaded Airp lane
Total s mu st be within approved weight and CO. limits. It is the responsibility of the airplane owner and
the pilot to insure that the airplane is loaded properly. The Basic Empty Weight CO. is noted on the Weight
and Balance Data Form (Figure 6-00). If the airplane has been ahered. refer to the Weight and Balance
Record for this informat ion.
-Utility Category Operation· No baggage or rear passengers allowed.
WEIGHT AND BALANCE LOADING FORM
Figure 6- 11
REPORT: VB-760
6·12
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
.,#
I
450
1(...0
;/
400
f.... -
,..<f
t--
'flo....
350
enc
z
;:)
0
I-
::
250
I I I
200
I
W
3:
c
«
0
I
/
/
/
vV
I
V
/
7 ..Iv
V
v
V
./
v
VV /
1/ V V l /
I l/V V V
I//: V/ v
I / "/. C/'
....I
I'
/
/
L
to
/
/
V
./
150
100
50
0
/
I
I
300
/
V
/
V
o
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
MOMENT/1000 (POUNDS· INCHES)
LOADING GRAPH
Figure 6-13
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-13
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·lI-III, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
2100
2eC)0
-.
N RMAL CATEGORY
,/
.
V
2400
/
'"
Q
2200
Z
:l
2
V
I
V
z
2000
"w;t
' 800
...:I:
!/
f- .
-
-
,
UTILITY CATEGORY
..... -
I
I
I
I
I
I
:
'600
I
I
I
'400
I
I
'200
82
8.
I.
II
10
92
.
96
INCHES AFT OF DATUM
e.G. RANGE AND WEIGHT
Figure 6·15
REPORT: YB·760
6·14
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFr CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-15
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-16
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
6.9 EQUIPMENT LIST
The following is a list of equipment which may be installed in the PA-28-181. It consists of those
items used for defining the configuration of an airplane when the basic empty weight is established at the
time of delivery. Only those standard items which are alternate standard items and those required to be
listed by the certificating authority (FAA) are presented. Items marked with an "X" are those items which
were installed on the airplane described below as delivered by the manufacturer.
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181 CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SERIAL NO. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ REGISTRATION NO. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DATE: _ _ __
(a)
Item
No.
Propeller and Propeller Accessories
Item
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
Propeller, Sensenich
76EM8S5-0-60, Piper
Spec. PS50077-8
Cert. Basis - TC P4EA
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-17
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION·
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-18
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA.28·181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(b)
Item
No.
Engine and Engine Accessories
Item
Mark if
Inst!.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
II
Engine - Lycoming Model
0-360-A4M Piper Dwg. 62941-16
Cert. Basis - TC E286
13
Oil Filter - Lycoming No.
75528 (AC #OF5578770)
Cert. Basis - TC E286
3.3
35.5
117
Oil Filter - Lycoming
#LW-13743 (Champion
#CH-48110)
Cert. Basis - TC E286
2.8
35.5
99
15
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB· 760
6-19
SECflON6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER A1RCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-:!8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER D
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-20
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(c)
Item
No.
27
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Landing Gear and Brakes
Item
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
Two Main Wheel Assemblies
Piper Dwg. 63370-0 & -1
a. Cleveland Aircraft Products
Wheel Assembly No. 40-86
Brake Assembly No. 30-55
Cert. Basis - TSO C26a
b. Two Main 4-Ply Rating Tires
6.00-6 with Regular Tubes
Cert. Basis - TSO C26b
29
One Nose Wheel
a. Cleveland Aircraft Products
Wheel Assembly No. 40-76B
(Less Brake Drum)
Cert. Basis - TSO C26a
b. One Nose Wheel 4-Ply Rating
Tire 6.00-6 with Regular Tube
Cert. Basis - TSO C26b
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-21
.SECTION6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-22
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(d)
Electrical Equipment
Item
No.
SECflON6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Item
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
Mark if
Inst!.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
..
REPORT: VB-760
6-23
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-18-181,CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-24
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(e)
Instruments
Item
No.
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Item
53
Airspeed Indicator,
Piper Dwg. 63205-2
Cert. Basis - TSO C2b
55
Altimeter. Piper
Spec. PS50008-2 or -3
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
Arm (In.)
(Pounds)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lboln.)
Cert. Basis - TSO Cl Db
ISSUED, AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT, VB-760
6-25
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-26
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28·18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(f)
Item
No.
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Mi scellaneous
Item
65
Forward Seat Belts (2)
Piper Spec. PS50039-4-2A
Cert. Basis · TSO e22f
67
Rear Seat Belts (2)
Piper Spec. PS50039-4-3
Cert. Basis - TSO e22f
ISSUED, AUGUST IS, 1975
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Moment
Aft Datum
(Lboln.)
REPORT, VB·760
6·27
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-28
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(g)
Engine and Engi ne Accessories
(Optional Equipment)
Item
No.
79
81
Item
Vacuum Filter, Airborne
Mfg. Co.. '1J7-\ Piper
Dwg.66673
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
85
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
(Pounds)
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
.3
52.0
16
3.2
32.0
103
52.0
26
Vacuum Pump, Airborne
Mfg. Co .. Model 211ec
and Drive, PAC 79399-0
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
83
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Low Vacuum Annunciator
Light
Cert . Basis - TC 2A 13
Neglect
Vacuum Regulator, Airborne
Mfg. Co. , '2H3-19
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
.5
REPORT: VB-760
6-29
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-30
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-18I, CHEROKEE ARCHER"
(h)
Propeller and Propeller Accessories
(Optional Equipment)
Item
No.
SECTJON6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Item
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
Mark if
Inst!.
Weight
(Pounds)
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
REPORT: VB-760
6-31
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AlR.CRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-32
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-I8I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
0)
SECfION6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Landing Gear and Brakes
(Optional Equipment)
Item
No.
Item
ISSUED: A UGUST IS, 1975
Mark if
Weight
Instl.
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
REPORT: VB-760
6-33
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-34
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER U
Ul
Electrical Equipmen t
(Optional Equipment)
Item
No.
III
11 3
SECflON6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
hem
Landing Light, G.E.
Model 4509
Cen . Basis · TC 2AI3
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
(pounds)
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In .)
.5
13. 1
7
Cen. Basis - STC SA6 15 EA
5.7
157.9
900
Navigation Lights (Wing) (2)
Grimes AI285 (Red & Green)
Cert. Basis - TC 2A J3
0 .4
106.6
43
.2
281.0
56
1.5
263.4
395
·5.3
168.0
890
.3
99.0
30
.8
99.0
79
Auxil iary Power Receptacle,
Piper Owg. 79454
Cert. Basis· TC 2Al 3
2.7
178.5
482
External Power Cable 62355
Cert. Basis· TC 2Al 3
4.6
142.8
657
Anti·Collision Lights
(Wing Tip) ( Whelen)
11 4
11 5
Navigation Light (Rear) (I)
Grimes Model 2064 (White)
Cen. Basis - TSO C30b
11 6
117
Rotating Beacon
Cert . Basis - TC 2A 13
Banery 1lV, 35 A. H .,
Rebat R-35 ( Weight 27.2 Ibs.)
Cert. Basis" TC 2A 13
119
Cabin Light, Piper Owgs.
66632·0 & 95229-0
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
121
Cabin Speaker 58-1 5052 or
6EU 1937, Q uincy Speaker
Co., Oakton. Indiana
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
123
125
*Weighl and moment difference between standard and optional equipment
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12,1976
REPORT: VB-760
6·35
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(j)
Electrical Equipment
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
No.
127
129
131
133
PIPER AIRCRAFr CORPORATION
PA-lI-III, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Mark If
Instl.
Moment
Wdght
(Pounds)
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
Piper Pitch Trim,
Piper Dwg. 67496-3
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
4.7
145.6
684
Heated PilOt Head
Piper Dwg. 69041-7
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
.4
100.0
40
Instrument Panel Lights
Cert. Basis " TC 2A 13
0.3
67.8
20
Instrument Light
Grimes 15-0083-7
eert. Basis - TC 2A 13
0.1
99.0
IO
. Item
REPORT: V8-760
6-36
(Lb-In.)
ISSUED: AUGUST 13,1973
R EVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
P IPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(k)
InsU'uments (Optional Equipment)
Item
No.
145
147
149
15 1
153
155
157
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Item
Suction Gauge, Piper
Dwg. 99480-0 or ·2
eert. Basis - TC 2A13
Mark If
InsO.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
.5
62.2
31
Cert. Basis - TSO C8b
1.0
60.9
61
Attitude Gyro. Piper
Dwg. 99002-2. -3, -4 or-5
Cent Basis - TSO C4c
2.2
59.4
131
Directional Gyro, Piper
Dwg. 99003-2. -3. -4 or-5
Cen. Basis - TSO C5c
2.6
59.7
155
Air Temperature Gauge.
Piper Dwg. 79316
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
.2
72.6
15
Clock
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
.4
62.4
25
Vertical Speed, Piper
Dwg. 99010-2, -4 or-5
Tru-Speed IndicalOr.
Piper Dwg. 62 143-2 or -13
Cen t Basis - TSO C2b
159
Turn and Slip Indicator,
Piper Spec. PS5OO30-2 or-3
eert. Basis - TSO C3b
161
163
(same as Standard Equipment)
2.6
59.7
155
Mani fold Pressure Gauge,
Piper Spx. PS5003 1-3 or-4
Cert. Basis - TSO C45
.9
60.8
55
Exhaust Gas Temperature,
Piper Dwg. 99026
Cert . Basis - TC 2A 13
.7
55.4
39
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REVISED: JANUARY 6, 1976
REPORT: VB-76O
6-37
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(k)
Instruments
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
No.
165
167
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
Item
Encoding Altimeter
Piper Spec. PS50008-6 or -7
Cert. Basis - TSO ClOb C88
Engine Hour Meter
Piper Dwg. 79548-0
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
*.9
60.3
54
.3
61.2
18
*Weight and moment difference between standard and optional equipment.
REPORT: VB-760
6-38
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(1)
Item
No.
177
179
181
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Autopilots
(Optional Equipment)
Item
Mark if
Instl.
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
AutoFlite II
Cert. Basis - STC SA3066SW-D
5.6
91.8
514
AutoControl IllB
Cert. Basis - STC SA3065SW-D
9.6
77.6
745
Omni Coupler, #IC388
Cert. Basis - STC SA3065SW-D
1.0
59.3
59
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-39
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-40
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPOR ATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(m) Radio Equipment
(Optional Equipment)
Item
Item
No.
191
King KX 170 ( ) (VHF
Comm/Nav)
Transceiver, Single
Transceiver, Dual
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
193
195
197
King KX 175 ( ) (VHF
Transceiver
King KN-73 Glide Slope
Receiver,
King KN-77 VOR/LOC
Converter.
K;ng KNI 520 VORlILS
Indicator
Cen . Basis - TSO C36c.
C37 b, C38b, C40a
K;ng KX 175 ( ) VHF
Transceiver (2nd)
King KN-77 VOR/LOC
Converter,
K;ng KNI-520 VORlILS
Indicator
Cert. Basis - TSO C36c,
C37b, C38b, C40a
King KJ-20 1 (
LOC Ind.
b. Dual
201
Weight
Inst!.
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
7.5
15.0
56.6
56.6
425
849
9A
56.6
532
3.2
184.3
590
3.6
183.6
661
2.8
60.5
169
8.6
56.6
487
4.2
183.6
771
2.8
60.5
169
2.5
5.0
59.6
59.9
149
300
2.5
60A
151
3.3
59.9
198
) VORl
Cen. Basis - TC 2A I 3
a. Single
199
Mark if
King KI-2 13 VORILOC/GS
Indicator
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
King KJ-214 ( ) VORl
LOC/GS Ind.
Cert. Basis - T C 2A]3
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB-76O
6-41
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
(m) Radio Equipment
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Mark if
Item
No.
203
Item
224
1.9
58.6
III
2.8
5.6
58.6
58.6
164
328
3.6
7. 1
57.4
57.4
207
408
a. Si ngle
b. Dual
3.9
7.8
57.4
57.4
224
448
Narco Nav 12 VHF Receiver
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
3.4
58.6
199
Narco Nav 14 VHF Receiver
Cert. Basis - TC 2A13
2.5
57.4
144
Transceiver
Cert. Basis - TSO C37b. C38b
a. Si ngle
b. Dual
3.0
6.0
57.4
57.4
172
344
Narco Nav I II
Cen. Basis - TSO C36c. C4Oa,
C66a
2.5
58.6
147
Narco Nav 10 VHF Receiver
Narco Nav 11 VHF Receiver
b. Dual
Narco Comm I) A V HF
Transceiver
Cert. Basi s - TC 2A J 3
a. Single
b. Dual
2 11
2 13
215
217
2 19
Narco Comm 11 B V HF
Transceiver
Cert. Bas is - TC 2A 13
Narco Comm J 11 VHF
REPORT: VB·760
642
Moment
(L1>-ln.)
57.4
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
a. Single
209
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
3.9
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
207
Weight
(pounds)
Narco Comm lOA VHF
Transceiver
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
205
Inst! .
ISSUED : AUGUST IS, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28·18I , C HEROKEE ARCHER n
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(m) Radio Equipment
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
Item
No.
221
Mark if
Instl .
Weight
(pounds)
Ann (In.)
Moment
Aft Datum
(Lb-In.)
Narco Comm II I B VHF
Transceiver
Cert. Basis· TSQ C37b. C38b
223
225
227
a. Single
b. Dual
3.9
7.8
57 .4
57.4
224
448
Narco Nav 112 Receiver
Cert. Bas is· TSO C36c, C40a,
C66c, C34<:
3.3
58.6
193
Narco Nav 114 VHF Receiver
Cen. Basis - TSO C38b. C40a.
C36c. C34<:, C66a
2.5
57.4
144
2.4
1.8
.4
.5
173.8
128.0
87.4
145.0
4 17
230
35
73
2.4
1.8
0.4
0.5
173.8
128.0
87.4
145.0
417
230
35
73
3. 1
69.1
214
Narco UGR-2A Glide Slope
Receiver
Cable
Antenna
Cable, Antenna
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
229
Narco UGR-3 Gl ide Slope
Receiver
Cable
Antenna
Cable, Antenna
Cen . Basis - TC 2Al 3
231
Narco MBT-12-R Marker Beacon
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
ISSUED: AUG UST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB·760
6-43
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFJ' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER D
(m) Radio Equipment
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
Item
No.
233
235
236
237
238
239
241
245
Ann (In.)
Moment
Aft Datum
(Lb-In.)
4.7
56.6
266
King KN-60C DME
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
7.3
59.0
431
King KN-61 DME
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
12.5
179.0
2237
King KN-65 DME
Cert. Basis - TSO C66a
9.1
182.6
1662
King KN-65A DME
Cert. Basis - TSO C66a
13.0
174.9
2274
Narco DME- l90
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
5.9
65.9
389
8.6
.8
85.2
51.0
733
41
Cert. Basis - TC A3S0
a. First
b. Second
c. Audio Amplifier
6.7
9.7
.8
91.6
107.0
51.0
614
1038
41
Narco ADF-I40
Cert. Basis - TSO C4Jc
a. Single
h. Dual
6.0
18.3
91.2
108.4
547
1984
King KR-S5 ADF
King KR-86 ADF
REPORT, VB-760
6-44
Weight
(pounds)
King KN-74 R-Nav
CeI1. Basis - TC 2A 13
'Cert. Basis - TSO C41b
a. Audio Amplifier
243
Marl< if
Inst!.
ISSUED, AUGUST IS, 1975
REVISED, JANUARY 6, 1976
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-2S-ISI, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(m) Radio Equipment
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
No.
247
249
Item
King KMA-20 ( ) Audio Panel
Cen. Basis - TSO C35c, C50b
Mark if
Inst!.
Weight
(Pounds)
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
3.7
70.S
262
2.2
55.0
121
3. 1
5S.1
I SO
3.0
57.3
172
a. Antenna
b. Cable
0.5
0.9
265.0
157.0
133
141
Comm Antennas
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
a. #1 Antenna
b. #1 Cable
c. #2 Antenna
d. 112 Cable
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.5
157.8
103.4
192.8
120.9
47
41
58
60
0.4
150.0
60
Narco CP-125 Audio Selector
Panel
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
251
King KT76/78 Transponder
Cen. Basis - TSQ C74b
253
Narco AT-50A Transponder
Cen. Basis - TSO C74b
255
257
259
Nav Receiving Antenna
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
Single ADF Sense
Antenna and Cable
Cert. Basis - TC A3S0
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-45
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAn CORPORATION
PA·l8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER 11
(m) Radio Equipment
(Optional Equipme nt) (cant)
Mark If
Item
No.
26 1
Item
Piper Automatic Locator.
Piper Owg. 99890
een. Basis - TC 2A 13
a. Transmitter, Piper
Dwg. 79265-0
b. Transmitter, Piper
Dwg. 79265-6
c. Transmitter, Piper
Dwg. 7976 1·4
d. Antenna and Coax
265
Moment
Wdght
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
1.4
144.3
202
1.5
0.5
170.7
147.5
256
74
1.7
236.2
402
1.3
236.2
307
1.7
0.2
236.2
224.4
402
45
0.3
64.9
19
0.6
69.9
42
0.3
64.9
19
0.5
60.0
30
(Lb-In.)
Anti-Static Kit
Cen. Basis· TC 2A13
a. ' 1 Comm Antenna
and Cable
b. 112 Comm Antenna
and Cable
c. Low Frequency Antenna
d. Static Wicks
263
InsU.
Microphone
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
a. (Carbon)
Piper Dwg. 68856·10
b. (D ynamic)
Piper Dwg. 68856- 11
c. (Dynami c)
Piper Dwg. 68856· 12
267
Headset
Piper Owg. 68856· 10
Cert. Basis - TC 2A13
REPORT: VB-760
6-46
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, I97S
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
PIPER AIRCRAIT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-47
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB·760
6-48
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
PIPER AIRC RAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181 , CHEROKEE ARCHER U
(n)
Miscellaneous
(Optional Equ ipment)
Item
No.
28 1
283
285
287
289
291
Item
Ann (In.)
Moment
Aft Datum
(L b-!n.)
4.6
7 1.0
327
Assist Step.
Piper Dwg. 65384-0
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
1.8
156.0
281
Inertia Safety Belts
(Rear) (2) 0.8 Ibs. each
Pipe' Spec. PS50039-4-14
Cell. Basis - TC 2A 13
1.6
140.3
224
Nose Wheel Fairing
Piper Dwg. 65348-2
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
3.6
36.3
131
Main Wheel Fairings
Piper Dwg. 65237
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
7.6
113.6
863
·6.6
80.7
533
·6.8
80.0
544
18.1
86.8
157 1
.2
62.9
13
Vert. Adj. Front Seats (Left)
Piper Owg. 79591 -0
Vert. Adj. Front Seal (Right)
Piper Owg. 7959 1- 1
Super Cabin Sound Proofing.
Piper Dwg. 79601-3
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
297
Weight
(Po unds)
Fire Extinguisher.
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
295
Mark if
lost! .
Scott Aviation '4221) -00,
Piper Dwg. 76 167-2
Cert. Basis - TC lA 13
Cert. Basis - TC 2A I 3
293
SECflON 6
WEIGHT AND BALANC E
Lighter, 12V Universal
'200462
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
*Weight and mome nt d ifference between standard and optional equipment.
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-49
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
(n)
Miscellaneous
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
No.
299
301
303
305
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Mark if
Instl.
Item
Weight
(Pounds)
Arm (In.)
Aft Datum
Moment
(Lb-In.)
Assist Strap.
Piper Dwg. 79455
Cert. Basis - TC 2A13
.2
109.5
22
Overhead Vent System
Piper Dwg. 76304-9
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
6.4
159.6
1022
14.0
170.7
2390
.4
61.0
24
Headrest (2) (Front)
Piper Dwg. 79337-18
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
2.2
94.5
208
Headrest (2) (Rear)
Piper Dwg. 79337-18
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
2.2
132.1
291
67.4
102.8
6929
Overhead Vent System with
Ground Ventilating Blower
Piper Dwg. 76304-10
Cert. Basis - TC 2A13
Alternate Static Source
Piper Dwg. 35493-2
Cert. Basis - TC 2A13
Calibrated Alternate Static Source
Placard Required:
307
309
311
Yes
Air Conditioning Installation
Piper Dwg. 99575-3
Cert. Basis - TC 2Al3
REPORT: VB-760
6-50
No
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-I81, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(n)
SECfION6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
Miscellaneous
(Optional Equipment) (cont)
Item
Item
No.
3 13
Weight
(Pounds)
Ann (In.)
Aft Datum
5.0
158.0
Moment
(Lb-In.)
Zinc Chromate Finish
Piper Dwg. 79700-2
Cert. Basis - TC 2A 13
3 15
Mark if
Instl.
790
Stainless Steel Control
Cables, Piper Dwg. 79700-0
Cen. Basis - TC 2A 13
TOTAL OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
EXTERIOR FINISH
Base Color _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Registration No. Color _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Trim
Type Finish _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __
COIOT _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Accent Color _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
6-51
SECTION 6
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-lII-I81, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
6-52
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
OF THE AIRPLANE AND ITS SYSTEMS
Page
Paragraph
No.
No.
7.1
The Airplane .......................................................................................................................................
Airframe..............................................................................................................................................
7·1
7.5
7.7
7.9
7.11
7.13
7.15
7.17
7.19
7.2t
7.2 3
7.25
7.27
7.29
7 .31
7.33
7.35
7.37
Engine and PropeIJer ...........................................................................................................................
Landing Gear ......................................................................................................................................
Flight Controls ....................................................................... .............................................................
Engine Controls ..................................................................................................................................
Fuel System ......... .............. ......... ,........................................................................................................
Electrical System .... .... ...... ........................................................ ..........................................................
Vacuum System ................................. .. ................................................................................................
Instrument Panel ....... ....... ............................................................................................................. ......
Pilot-Static System.. ............................................................................................................................
Heat ing and Ventilating System..........................................................................................................
Cabin Features ........................................................ ............................................................................
Baggage Area...... ............................................................................................................... .................
Stall Waming............................................................................. ..........................................................
Finish ......... ... ..... ........ .......................................................... .................................................... ,... ........
Air Cond itioning ........ ....... ............................................................................................................. .....
Piper External Power ........ .... .............................. ..................................................... ...........................
Emergency Locator Transmitter .........................................................................................................
7-1
7·3
7·5
7·6
7-8
7· 10
7-15
7-16
7·18
7-21
7·21
7-22
7-22
7-22
7-23
7-24
7-24
7.3
7·1
REPORT: VB-760
7·j
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28·I8I. CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
OF THE AIRPLANE AND ITS SYSTEMS
7.1
THE AIRPLANE
The PA·28- J 8 1 Cherokee is a single-engine. low-wing monoplane of all metal construction . Its full
four-p lace seati ng , two hundred po und baggage capacity. and economical operation, coupled with the li vely
performance of a 180 horsepower engine. make this Cherokee a versatile airplane in the business and
personal aviation fields.
7.3
AIRFRAME
The basi c airframe. except for a tubular sleel engine mount, steel landing gear struts, and other
miscellaneous stee l part s. is of aluminum alloy construction. The extremities - the wing tips. the cowling.
the tail surfaces - are of tough fiberglass or ABS thermoplastic. AerObatics are prohibited in this airplane
since the stru cture is not designed for aerobatic loads.
The semi-tape red wings are attached to each side of the fuselage by insertion of the butt ends of the
re spec ti ve main spars int o a spar box carry-through which is an integral part of the fu selage structure.
providing. in effect. a cont inuous main spar with splices at each side of the fu selage. There are also fore and
aft attachment s at the rear spar and at an auxiliary front spar.
The wing airfoil sec tion is a laminar flow type, NACA65 2-41 5 with the maximum thickne ss about
40 'k aft of the leading edge. Thi s permits the main spar carry- through structure to be located under the rear
seat, providing unobstructed cabi n fl oor space ahead of the rear seat.
7.5
ENGINE AND PROPELLER
The Cherokee 181 is powered by a Lycoming 0-360-A4M four cylinder, direct dri ve, hori zonta ll y
opposed engine rated at 180 horsepower at 2700 rpm . It is furnished with a starter, a 60 ampere. 1-4 \'olt
alternator. a shielded ignition. vacuum pump drive . a fuel pump, and a dry. automotive type carburetor air
filter.
The exhaust system is of the cross-over type to reduce back pressure and improve performance. II is
made entirely from stainless steel and is equipped with dual mufflers. A heater shroud around the mufflers
is provided to supply heat for the cabin and windshield defrosting.
The Sensenich 76EM8S5-0-60 fix ed-pitch propeller is made from a one-piece all oy forging .
ISSUED, AUGUST 15. 1975
REPORT, VB· 760
7·1
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-fin, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
MAIN WHEEL ASSEMBLY
Figure 7-1
REPORT: VB-760
7-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
7.7
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
LANDING GEAR
The three landing gears use Cleveland 6.00 x 6 wheels, the main gear wheels (Figure 7-1) being
provided with brake drums and Cleveland single disc hydraulic brake assemblies. All three wheels use 6.00 x
6, four-ply rating, Type III tires with tubes.
The nose gear is steerable through a 30 degree arc either side of center by use of the rudder pedals and
brakes. A spring device incorporated in the rudder pedal torque tube assembly aids in rudder centering and
provides rudder trim. The nose gear steering mechanism also incorporates a bungee assembly to reduce
steering effort and to dampen shocks and bumps during taxiing. A shimmy dampener is included in the
nose gear.
The three struts are of the air-oil type, with a normal extension of 3.25 inches for the nose gear and
4.50 inches for the main gear.
The standard brake system for this Cherokee consists of dual toe brakes attached to the rudder pedals
and a hand lever and master cylinder located below and behind the left center of the instrument sub-panel.
The toe brakes and the hand brake have their own brake cylinders, but they share a common reservoir. The
brake fluid reservoir is installed on the top left front face of the fire wal1. The parking brake is incorporated
in the master cylinder and is actuated by pulling back on the brake lever, depressing the knob attached to
the left side of the handle. and releasing the brake lever. To release the parking brake, pull back on the
brake lever to disengage the catch mechanism and allow the handle to swing forward (refer to Figure 7-5).
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-3
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
7-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
FLIGHT CONTROL CONSOLE
Figure 7-3
7.9
FLIGHT CONTROLS
Dual controls are provided as standard equipment, with a cable system used between the controls and
the surfaces. The horizontal tail (stabilator) is of the all-movable slab type with a trim tab mounted on the
trailing edge of the stabilator to reduce the control system forces. This tab is actuated by a control wheel
on the floor between the front seats (Figure 7-3).
The stabilator provides extra stability and controllability with less size, drag and weight than
conventional tail surfaces. The ailerons are provided with a differential action which tends to reduce adverse
yaw in turning maneuvers, and which also reduces the amount of coordination required in normal turns. A
rudder trim adjustment is mounted on the right side of the pedestal below the throttle quadrant and
permits directional trim as needed in flight (refer to Figure 7-5).
The flaps are manually operated, balanced for light operating forces and spring-loaded to return to the
up position. A past-center lock incorporated in the actuating linkage holds the flap when it is in the up
position so that it may be used as a step on the right side. The flap will not support a step load except when
in the full up position, so it must be completely retracted when used as a step. The flaps have three
extended positions, 10, 25 and 40 degrees.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-5
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
··PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
7.11 ENGINE CONTROLS
Engine controls consist of a throttle control and a mixture control lever. These controls are located on
the control quadrant on the lower center of the instrument panel (Figure 7-5) where they are accessible to
both the pilot and the copilot. The controls utilize teflon-lined control cables to reduce friction and
binding.
The throttle lever is used to adjust engine RPM. The mixture control lever is used to adjust the air to
fuel ratio. The engine is shut down by the placing of the mixture control lever in the full lean position. In
addition, the mixture control has a lock to prevent inadvertent activation of the mixture control. For
information on the leaning procedure, see the Avco-Lycoming Operator's ManuaL
The friction adjustment lever on the right side of the control quadrant may be adjusted to increase or
decrease the friction holding the throttle and mixture controls or to lock the controls in a selected position.
The carburetor heat control lever is located to the right of the control quadrant on the instrument
panel. The control is placarded with two positions: "ON" (down), "OFF' (up).
REPORT: VB-760
7-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
CONTROL QUADRANT AND CONSOLE
Figure 7-5
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-7
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
...-- -.. -_.'
_.-:;:-
::::---:-;......--: .-
---,--
.
FUEL SELECTOR
Figure 7-7
7.13 FUEL SYSTEM
Fuel is stored in two twenty-five gallon (24 gallons usable) tanks which are secured to the leading edge
structure of each wing by screws and nut plates. This allows easy removal for service or inspection.
The fuel selector control (Figure 7-7) is located on the left side-panel, forward of the pilot's seat. The
button on the selector cover must be depressed and held while the handle is moved to the OFF position.
The button releases automatically when the handle is moved back into the ON position.
An auxiliary electric fuel pump is provided in case of failure of the engine driven pump. The electric
pump should be on for all takeoffs and landings, and when switching tanks. The pump switch is located in
the switch panel above the throttle quadrant.
Each tank has an individual quick drain located at the bottom, inboard rear corner, and should be
drained to check for water before each flight (a special container is furnished for this operation). The fuel
strainer, which is also equipped with a quick drain, is located on the front lower left corner of the fire wall.
This strainer should be drained regularly to check for water or sediment accumulation. To drain the lines
from the tanks, the tank selector valve must be switched to each tank in turn, with the electric pump on,
and the gascolator drain valve opened (refer to paragraph 8.21 for the complete fuel system draining
procedure).
REPORT: VB-760
7-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
CARBURETOR
fUEL PRESSURE GAUGE
ElECTRIC fUEl PUMP
ENGINE fUEL PUMP
LEfT MAIN TANK
FUEL TANK SELECTOR 'ALYE
RIGHT MAIN TANK
fUEL QUAHTnY GAUGES .
FUEL SYSTEM SCHEMATIC
Figure 7-9
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-9
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
Fuel quantity and pressure are indicated on gauges located in a cluster on the left side of the
instrument panel.
An optional engine priming system is available to facilitate starting. The primer pump is located to the
immediate left of the throttle quadrant (refer to Figure 7-5).
7.15 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
The electrical system includes a 14-volt, 60 amp alternator, a 12-volt battery, a voltage regulator, an
overvoltage relay and a master switch relay (Figure 7-11). The battery is mounted in a stainless steel box
immediately aft of the baggage compartment. The regulator and overvoltage relay are located on the
forward left side of the fuselage behind the instrument panel.
Electrical switches are located on the right center instrument panel, and the circuit breakers are
located on lower right instrument panel. A rheostat switch on the left side of the switch panel controls
the navigation lights and the radio lights. The similar switch on the right side controls and dims the panel
lights.
The alternator system offers many advantages over the generator system both in operation and
maintenance. The main advantage is full electrical power output at lower engine RPM. This is a great
improvement for radio and electrical equipment operation. Since the alternator output is available at all
times, the battery will be charging for a greater percentage of use. This will make cold weather starting
easier.
Standard electrical accessories include a starter, electric fuel pump, stall warning indicator, cigar
lighter, fuel gauge, ammeter, and annunciator panel.
The annunciator panel includes alternator and low oil pressure indicator lights. When the optional gyro
system is installed, the annunciator panel also includes a low vacuum indicator light. The annunciator panel
lights are provided only as a warning to the pilot that a system may not be operating properly, and that he
should check and monitor the applicable system gauge to determine when or if any necessary action is
required.
Optional electrical accessories include navigation lights, anti-collision light, landing light,
instrument lighting, and cabin dome light. Circuits will handle a full complement of communications and
navigational equipment.
WARNING
Strobe lights should not be operating when flying through overcast
and clouds since reflected light can produce spacial disorientation.
Do not operate strobe lights in close proximity to ground, during
takeoff and landing.
The words '"master switch" used hereafter in this manual indicate both sides of the switch; battery
side "BAT" and alternator side "ALT' are to be depressed simultaneously to OFF or ON as directed.
REPORT: VB-760
7-10
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16,1979
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Unlike previous generator systems, the ammeter does not indicate battery discharge; rather it displays
in amperes the load placed on the alternator. With all electrical equipment off (except master switch) the
ammeter will be indicating the amount of charging current demanded by the battery. As each item of
electrical equipment is turned on, the current will increase to a total appearing on the ammeter. This total
includes the battery. The average load for night flight, with radios on, is about 30 amperes. This 30 ampere
value, plus appoximately two amperes for a fully charged battery, will appear continuously under these
flight conditions. The amount of current shown on the ammeter will teB immediately if the alternator system
is operating normally, as the amount of current shown should equal the total amperage drawn by the
equipment which is operating.
If no output is indicated on the ammeter during flight, reduce the electrical load by turning off all
unnecessary electrical equipment. Check both 5 ampere field breaker and 60 ampere output breaker and
reset if open. If neither circuit breaker is open. turn off the "ALT" switch for] second to reset the
overvoltage relay. If ammeter continues to indicate no output, maintain minimum electrical load and
terminate flight as soon as practical.
Maintenance on the alternator should prove to be a minor factor. Should service be required, contact
the local Piper Dealer.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16,1979
REPORT: VB-760
7-11
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
STARTER
a ACCESSORIES
ALTERNATOR Fa.O
}-
SA
(IN LINE)
r-,
,'}
I
I
I
_
:II
I
... -_1
WAIIN
I.IGHT
CI$AR
LIGHTER
I
EXTERNAL
POWER
SOLENOID
9'f---t
EXTERNAL
POWER
I RECEPTACI.E
I
I
L _______
t t
,
"I-'--l'"
,----..,
__
I
I
..J
1
f-WEi'-N...;j
-:- SOUItCE-POWER
R£I.AY ENEllGIZING CIRCUIT
MASTER
SWITOt
AMMETER
1
ALTERNATOR AND STARTER SCHEMATIC
Figure 7-11
REPORT: VB-760
7-12
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
CIRCUIT BREAKER PANEL
Figure 7-13
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-13
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-l8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFf BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
7-14
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
7.17 VACUUM SYSTEM
The vacuum system is designed to operate the air driven gyro instruments. This includes the
directional and attitude gyros when installed. The system consists of an engine driven vacuum pump, a
vacuum regulator. a filter and the necessary plumbing.
The vacuum pump is a dry type pump which eliminates the need for an air/oil separator and its
plumbing. A shear drive protects the pump from damage. If the drive shears, the gyros will become
inoperative.
The vacuum gauge, mounted on the right instrument panel to the right of the radios, provides valuable
information to the pilot about the operation of the vacuum system. A decrease in pressure in a system that
has remained constant over an extended period may indicate a dirty filter, dirty screens. possibly a sticking
vacuum regulator or leak in system (a low vacuum indicator light is provided in the annunciator panel).
Zero pressure would indicate a sheared pump drive, defective pump, possibly a defective gauge or collapsed
line. In the event of any gauge variation from the norm, the pilot should have a mechanic check the system
to prevent possible damage to the system components or eventual failure of the system.
A vacuum regulator is provided in the system to protect the gyros. The valve is set so the normal
vacuum reads 5.0 ±.I inches of mercury. a setting which provides sufficient vacuum to operate all the gyros
at their rated RPM. Higher settings will damage the gyros and with a low setting the gyros will be unreliable.
The regulator is located behind the instrument panel and is accessible from below the instrument panel.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
7·15
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
7.19 INSTRUMENT PANEL
The instrument panel (Figure 7-15) of the Cherokee is designed to accommodate the customary
advanced flight instruments and the normally required power plant instruments. The artificial horizon and
directional gyro are vacuum operated through use of a vacuum pump installed on the engine, while the turn
and back instrument is electrically operated. A vacuum gauge is mounted on the far right side of the
instrument panel. A natural separation of the flight group and power group is provided-by the placement of
the flight group in the upper instrument panel and the power group in the center al)d lower instrument
panels. The radios and circuit breakers are on the right hand instrument panel. Extra circuits are provided
for a complete line of optional radio equipment. An annunciator panel is mounted in the upper instrument
panel to warn the pilot of a possible malfunction in the alternator, oil pressure, or vacuum systems.
REPORT: VB-760
7-16
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
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SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
7.21 PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM
The system supplies both pitot and static pressure for the airspeed indicator, altimeter, and the
optional vertical speed indicator (Figure 7-17).
Pitot and static pressure are picked up by a pitot head installed on the bottom of the left wing and
carried through pitot and static lines within the wing and fuselage to the gauges on the instrument panel.
. A static valve, which is mounted to the knee guard below the instrument panel on the left side,
provides an alternate static source for the system when opened.
Both the pitot and static lines can be drained through separate drain valves located on the left lower
side of the fuselage interior.
A heated pitot head. which alleviates problems with icing and heavy rain, is available as optional
equipment. The switch for the heated pitot head is located on the electrical switch panel to the left of the
right control wheel.
To prevent bugs and water from entering the pitot and static pressure holes, a cover should be placed
over the pitot head. A partially or completely blocked pitot head will give erratic or zero readings on the
instruments.
NOTE
During the preflight. check to make sure the pitot cover is
removed.
REPORT: VB-760
7-18
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECI'ION7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
/
/
..
PI TOT-STATIC SYSTEM
Figure 7-17
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-19
SECTION 7
DESCRIYfION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
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Figure 7-19
REPORT: VB-760
7-20
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
7.23 HEATING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM
Heat for the cabin interior and the defroster system is provided by a heater muff attached to the
exhaust system (Figure 7-19). The amount of heat desired can be regulated with the controls located on the
far right side of the instrument panel.
The air flow can be regulated between the front and rear seats by levers located on top of the heat
ducts next to the console.
CAUTION
When cabin heat is operated, heat duct surface becomes hot. This
could result in burns if arms or legs are placed too close to heat duct
outlets or surface.
Fresh air inlets are located in the leading edge of the wing at the intersection of the tapered and
straight sections. A large adjustable outlet is located on the side of the cabin near the floor at each seat
location; overhead air outlets are offered as optional equipment. Air is exhausted through an outlet under
the rear seat. A cabin air blower, incorporated in the ventilating system, is also available as optional
equipment. An optional overhead ventilating system with a cabin air blower is available on models without
air conditioning. This blower is operated by a "FAN" switch with 4 positions - "OFF," "LOW," "MED," or
"HIGH."
7.25 CABIN FEATURES
For ease of entry and exit and pilot-passenger comfort, the front seats are adjustable fore and aft. The
back of the right front seat contains two latches, an outboard latch which allows the seat to be moved
forward or aft for ease of entry, and an inboard latch which allows the seat back to be tilted forward to
allow easy entry to the rear seats. The rear seats are easily removed to provide room for bulky items. Some
rear seat installations incorporate leg retainers with latching mechanisms which must be released before the
rear seats can be removed. Releasing the retainers is easily accomplished by turning the latching mechanisms
90° with a coin or screwdriver. Armrests are also provided for the front seats. All seats are available with
optional headrests and optional vertical adjustment may be added to the fronl seats.
The cabin interior includes a pilot storm window, two sun visors, ash trays, two map pockets, and
pockets on the backs of each front seat.
A single strap shoulder harness controlled by an inertia reel is standard equipment for the front seats,
and is offered as an option for the rear seats. The shoulder strap is routed over the shoulder adjacent to the
windows and attached to the lap belt in the general area of the person's inboard hip.
A check of the inertia reel mechanism is made by pulling sharply on the strap. The reel will lock in
place under this test and prevent the strap from extending. Under norma) movement the strap will extend
and retract as required.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16, 1979
REPORT: VB-760
7-21
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
7.27 BAGGAGE AREA
A 24 cubic foot baggage area, located behind the rear seats, is accessible either from the cabin or
through a large 20 x 22 inch outside baggage door on the right side of the aircraft. Maximum capacity is
200 pounds. Tie-down straps are provided and should be used at all times.
NOTE
It is the pilot's responsibility to be sure when the baggage is loaded
that the aircraft e.G. falls within the allowable C.G. Range (refer
to Section 6 - Weight and Balance).
7.29 STALL WARNING
An approaching stall is indicated by a small warning hom which is activated between five and ten miles
per hour above stall speed. Mild airframe buffeting and gentle pitching may also precede the stall. Stall
speeds are shown on graphs in the Performance Section. The staH warning hom emits a continuous sound
and is activated by a lift detector installed on the leading edge of the left wing. During preflight, the stall
warning system should be checked by turning the master switch "ON," lifting the detector and checking to
determine if the hom is actuated.
7.31 FINISH
All exterior surfaces are primed with etching primer and finished with a durable acrylic lacquer in a
variety of tasteful colors to suit individual owners. To keep a new look, economy size"Touch-Up" spray
paint cans are available from Piper Dealers.
REPORT: VB-760
7-22
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
7.33 AIR CONDITIONING*
The air conditioning system is a recirculating air system. The major items include; evaporator.
condenser, compressor, blower, switches and temperature controls.
The evaporator is located behind the left rear side of the baggage compartment. This cools the air that
is used for air conditioning .
. The condenser is mounted on a retractable scoop located on the bottom of the fuselage and to the rear
of the baggage compartment area. The scoop extends when the air conditioner is "ON" and retracts to a
flush position when the system is "OFF."
The compressor is mounted on the forward right underside of the engine. It has an electric clutch
which automatically engages or disengages the compressor to the belt drive system of the compressor.
An electrical blower is mounted on the aft side of the rear cabin panel. Air from the baggage area is
drawn through the evaporator by the blower and distributed through an overhead duct to individual outlets
located adjacent to each occupant.
The switches and temperature control are located on the lower right side of the instrument panel in
the climate control center panel. The temperature control regulates the desired temperature of the cabin.
Turn the control clockwise for increased cooling, counterclockwise for decreased cooling.
Located inboard of the temperature control is the fan speed switch and the air conditioning
"ON-OFF' switch. The fan can be operated independently of the air conditioning. However, it must be on
for air conditioner operation. Turning either switch off will disengage the compressor clutch and retract the
condenser door. Cooling air should be felt within one minute after the air conditioner is turned on.
NOTE
If the system is not operating in 5 minutes, turn the system
"OFF" until the fault is corrected.
The "FAN" switch allows operation of the fan with the air conditioner turned "OFF" to aid cabin air
circulation if desired. A "LOW," "MED" or "HIGH" flow of air can be selected to the air conditioner
outlets located in the overhead duct. The outlets can be adjusted or turned off by each occupant to regulate
individual cooling effect.
The "DOOR OPEN" indicator light is located to the left of the radio stack in front of the pilot. The
light illuminates whenever the condenser door is open and remains on until the door is closed.
A circuit breaker located on the circuit breaker pane) protects the air conditioning electrical system.
Whenever the throttle is in the full throttle position. it actuates a micro switch which disengages the
compressor and retracts the scoop. This is done to obtain maximum power and maximum rate of climb.
The fan continues to operate and the air will remain cool for approximately one minute. When the throttle
is retarded approximately 1/4 inch, the clutch will engage and the scoop will extend, again supplying cool,
dry air.
*Optional equipment
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
7-23
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
7.35 PIPER
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
POWER*
An optional starting installation known as Piper External Power (PEP) is accessible through a
receptacle located on the right side of the fuselage aft of the wing. An external battery can be connected to
the socket, thus allowing the operator to crank the engine without having to gain access to the airplane's
b a t t e r y . ,
7.37 EMERGENCY LOCATOR TRANSMITTER*
The Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) when installed, is located in the aft portion of the fuselage
just below the stabilator leading edge and is accessible through a plate on the right side of the fuselage. This
plate is attached with three slotted-head nylon screws for ease of removal; these screws may be readily
removed with a variety of common items such as a dime, a key, a knife blade, etc. If there are no tools
available in an emergency the screw heads may be broken off by any means. The ELT is an emergency locator
transmitter which meets the requirements of FAR 91.52. The unit operates on a self-contained battery.
The replacement date as required by FAA regulations is marked on the transmitter label. The battery
should also be replaced if the transmitter has been used in an emergency situation or if accumulated test time
exceeds one hour. The unit is equipped with a portable antenna to allow the locator to be moved from the
airplane in case of emergency and used as a portable signal transmitter.
On the unit itself is a three position selector switch placarded "OFF," "ARM" and "ON." The
"ARM" position is provided to set the unit to the automatic position so that it will transmit only after
impact and will continue to transmit until the battery is drained to depletion or until the switch is manually
moved to the "OFF' position. The "ARM" position is selected when the transmitter is installed at the
factory and the switch should remain in that position whenever the unit is installed in 'the airplane. The
"ON" position is provided so the unit can be used as a portable transmitter or in the event the automatic
feature was not triggered by impact or to periodically test the function of the transmitter.
Select the "OFF" position when changing the battery, when rearming the unit if it has been activated
for any reason, or to discontinue transmission.
NOTE
If the switch has been placed in the "ON" position for any reason,
the "OFF" position has to be selected before selecting "ARM." If
"ARM" is selected directly from the ··ON" position, the unit will
continue to transmit in the "ARM" position.
*Optional equipment
REPORT: VB-760
7-24
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16,1979
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
A pilot'S remote switch, located on the left side panel, is provided to allow the transmitter to be
controlled from inside the cabin.
1.
On some models the pilot's remote switch has three positions and is placarded "ON,"
"AUTO/ARM," and "OFF/RESET." The switch is nonnally left in the "AUTO/ARM" position.
To turn the transmitter off, move the switch momentarily to the "OFF/RESET" position. The
aircraft master switch must be "ON" to turn the transmitter "OFF." To activate the transmitter
for tests or other reasons, move the switch upward to the "ON" position and leave it in that
position as long as transmission is desired.
2.
On other models the pilot's remote switch has two positions and is placarded "ON/RESET" and
"ARM (NORMAL POSITION)." The switch is normally left in the down or "ARM" position. To
turn the transmitter off, move the switch to the "ON/RESET" position for one second then
return it to the "ARM" position. To activate the transmitter for tests or other reasons, move the
switch upward to the "ON/RESET" position and leave it in that position as long as transmission
is desired.
•. <
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REVISED: NOVEMBER 12, 1976
REPORT: VB-760
7-25
SECTION 7
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
7-26
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECI'ION8
AIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
Page
Paragraph
No.
No.
8.1
8.3
8.5
8.7
8.9
8.11
8.13
8.15
8.17
8.19
8.21
8.23
8.25
8.27
General.......... ......................................................................................................................................
Airplane Inspection Periods ................................................................................................................
Preventive Maintenance ......................................................................................................................
Airplane Alterations............................................................................................................................
Ground Handling ................................................................................................................................
Engine Air Filter .................................................................................................................................
Brake Service ......................................................................................................................................
Landing Gear Service .........................................................................................................................
Propeller Service .................................................................................................................................
Oil Requirements ................................................................................................................................
Fuel System .........................................................................................................................................
Tire Inflation .................. .....................................................................................................................
Baltery Service ....................................................................................................................................
Cleaning ..............................................................................................................................................
8-1
8-3
8-4
8-5
8-6
8-8
8-8
8-10
8-11
8-11
8-11
8-13
8-13
8-13
REPORT: VB-760
8-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
..
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING, SERVICING, AND MAINTENANCE
8.1
GENERAL
This section provides general guidelines relating to the handling. servicing, and maintenance of the
Archer II. For complete maintenance instructions, refer to the PA-28 Service Manual.
I
Every owner should stay in close contact with an authorized Piper Service Center or Piper's Customer
Services Department to obtain the latest information pertaining to their airplane, and to avail themselves of Piper
Aircraft's support systems.
Piper Aircraft Corporation takes a continuing interest in having owners get the most efficient use from their
airplane and keeping it in the best mechanical condition. Consequently, Piper Aircraft, from time to time, issues
service releases including Service Bulletins, Service Letters, Service Spares Letters, and others relating to the
airplane.
Piper Service Bulletins are of special importance and Piper considers compliance mandatory. These are sent
directly to the latest FAA-registered owners in the United States (U.S.) and Piper Service Centers worldwide.
Depending on the nature of the release, material and labor allowances may apply. This information is provided to
all authorized Piper Service Centers.
Service Letters deal with product improvements and servicing techniques pertaining to the airplane. They
are sent to Piper Service Centers and, if necessary, to the latest FAA-registered owners in the U.S. Owners should
give careful attention to Service Letter information.
Service Spares Letters offer improved parts, kits, and optional equipment which were not available
originally, and which may be of interest to the owner.
Piper Aircraft Corporation offers a subscription service for Service Bulletins, Service Letters, and Service
Spares Letters. This service is available to interested persons such as owners, pilots, and mechanics at a nominal
fee, and may be obtained through an authorized Piper Service Center or Piper's Customer Services Department.
Service manuals. parts catalogs, and revisions to both, are available from Piper Service Centers or Piper's
Customer Services Department.
Any correspondence regarding the airplane should include the airplane model and serial number to ensure
proper response.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 8,1990
REPORT: VB-760
8-1
I
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
THIS PAGE
REPORT: VB-760
8-2
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
8.3 AIRPLANE INSPECTION PERIODS
Piper Aircraft Corporation has developed inspection items and required inspection intervals for the PA-28
(see PA-28 Service and Inspection Manuals). The PA-28 Service Manual contains appropriate forms, and all
inspection procedures should be complied with by a properly trained. knowledgeable. and qualified mechanic at
an authorized Piper Service Center or a reputable repair shop. Piper Aircraft Corporation cannot accept
responsibi1ity for the continued airworthiness of any aircraft not maintained to these standards, and/or not brought
into compliance with applicable Service Bulletins issued by Piper Aircraft Corporation, instructions issued by the
engine, propeller, or accessory manufacturers, or Airworthiness Directives issued by the FAA.
A Progressive Inspection, approved by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), is also available to the
owner. This involves routine and detailed inspections to allow maximum utilization of the airplane. Maintenance
inspection costs are reduced, and the maximum standard of continued airworthiness is maintained. Complete
details are available from Piper Aircraft Corporation.
In addition, but in conjunction with the above, the FAA requires periodic inspections on all aircraft to keep
the Airworthiness Certificate in effect. The owner is responsible for assuring compliance with these inspection
requirements and for maintaining proper documentation in logbooks and/or maintenance records.
A spectrographic analysis of the engine oil is available from several sources. This inspection, if performed
properly, provides a good check of the internal condition of the engine. To be accurate, induction air filters must
be cleaned or changed regularly. and oil samples must be taken and sent in at regular intervals.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REVISED: JUNE 8, 1990
REPORT: VB-760
8-3
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-l8-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
8.5 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
The holder of a pilot certificate issued under Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Pan 61 may perform
certain preventive maintenance as defined in the FARs. This maintenance may be performed only on an aircraft
which the pilot owns and operates, and which is not used in air carrier or air taxilco!l)mercial operations
service.
I
All other aircraft maintenance must be accomplished by a person or facility appropriatily certificated by the
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to perform that work.
Anytime maintenance is accomplished, an entry must be made in the appropriate aircraft maintenance
records. The entry shall include:
(I) The date the work was accomplished.
(2) Description of the work.
(3) Number of hours on the aircraft.
(4) The certificate number of pilot performing the work.
(5) Signature of the individual doing the work.
I
REPORT: VB-760
8-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 8,1990
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 8
HANDLING t SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
8.7 AIRPLANE ALTERATIONS
If the owner desires to have his aircraft modified. he must obtain FAA approval for the alteration.
Major alterations accomplished in accordance with Advisory Circular 43.13-2, when performed by an A & P
mechanic, may be approved by the local FAA office. Major alterations to the basic airframe or systems not
covered by AC 43.13-2 require a Supplemental Type Certificate.
The owner or pilot is required to ascertain that the following Aircraft Papers are in order and in the
aircraft.
(a) To be displayed in the aircraft at all times:
(I) Aircraft Airworthiness Certificate Form FAA-S} 00-2.
(2) Aircraft Registration Certificate Form FAA-S050-3.
(3) Aircraft Radio Station License if transmitters are installed.
(b)
To be carried in the aircraft at all times:
(I) Pilot's Operating Handbook.
(2) Weight and Balance data plus a copy of the latest Repair and Alteration Form
FAA-33 7. if applicable.
(3) Aircraft equipment list.
Although the aircraft and engine logbooks are not required to be in the aircraft, they should be made
available upon request. Logbooks should be complete and up to date. Good records will reduce
maintenance cost by giving the mechanic information about what has or has not been accomplished.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JANUARY 6, 1976
REPORT: VB-760
8-5
SECTIONS
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
S.9 GROUND HANDLING
(a)
Towing
The airplane may be moved on the ground by the use of the nose wheel steering bar that is
stowed below the forward ledge of the baggage compartment or by power equipment that will
not damage or excessively strain the nose gear steering assembly. Towing lugs are incorporated as
part of the nose gear fork.
CAUTION
When towing with power equipment, do not turn the nose gear
beyond its steering radius in either direction, as this will result in
damage to the nose gear and steering mechanism.
CAUTION
Do not tow the airplane when the controls are secured.
In the event towing lines are necessary, ropes should be attached to both main gear struts as
high up on the tubes as possible. Lines should be long enough to clear the nose andlor tail by not
less than fifteen feet, and a qualified person should ride in the pilot's seat to maintain control by
use of the brakes.
(b)
Taxiing
Before attempting to taxi the airplane, ground personnel should be instructed and approved
by a qualified person authorized by the owner. Engine starting and shut-down procedures as well
as taxi techniques should be covered. When it is ascertained that the propeller back blast and taxi
areas are clear, power should be applied to start the taxi roll, and the following checks should be
performed:
(1) Taxi a few feet forward and apply the brakes to determine their effectiveness.
(2) While taxiing, make slight turns to ascertain the effectiveness of the steering.
(3) Observe wing clearance when taxiing near buildings or other stationary objects. If
possible, station an observer outside the airplane.
(4) When taxiing over uneven ground. avoid holes and ruts.
(5) Do not operate the engine at high RPM when running up or taxiing over ground
containing loose stones, gravel, or any loose material that may cause damage to the
propeller blades.
REPORT: VB-760
S-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(c)
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
Parking
When parking the airplane. be sure that it is sufficiently protected from adverse weather
conditions and that it presents no danger to other aircraft. When parking the airplane for any
length of time or overnight, it is suggested that it be moored securely.
(1) To park the airplane, head it into the wind if possible.
(2) Set the parking brake by pulling back on the brake lever and depressing the knob on
the handle. To release the parking brake, pull back on the handle until the catch
disengages; then allow the handle to swing forward.
CAtmON
Care should be taken when setting brakes that are overheated or
during cold weather when accumulated moisture may freeze a
brake.
(3)
(d)
Aileron and stabilator controls should be secured with the front seat belt and chocks
used to properly block the wheels.
Mooring
The airplane should be moored for immovability, security and protection. The following
procedures should be used for the proper mooring of the airplane:
(l) Head the airplane into the wind if possible.
(2) Retract the flaps.
(3) Immobilize the ailerons and stabilator by looping the seat belt through the control
wheel and pulling it snug.
(4) Block the \vheels.
(5) Secure tie-down ropes to the wing tie-down rings and to the tail skid at approximately
45 degree angles to the ground. When using rope of non-synthetic material, leave
sufficient slack to avoid damage to the airplane should the ropes contract.
CAUTION
Use bowline knots, square knots or locked slip knots. Do not use
plain slip knots.
NOTE
Additional preparations for high winds include using tie-down
ropes from the landing gear forks and securing the rudder.
(6)
(7)
Install a pitot head cover if available. Be sure to remove the pitot head cover before
flight.
Cabin and baggage doors should be locked when the airplane is unattended.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
8-7
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-2I-l81, CllEltOKEE ARCHER II
8.11 ENGINE AIR FILTER
(a)
Removing Engine Air Filter
(1)
(2)
(b)
Remove the lower cowl.
Remove the wing nuts securing the filter. Remove the filter.
Cleaning Engine Air Filter
The induction air filter must be cleaned at least once every 50 hours, and more often, even
daily, when operating in dusty conditions. Extra filters are inexpensive, and a spare should be
kept on hand for use as a rapid replacement.
To clean the filter:
(I) Tap the filter gently to remove dirt particles. being careful not to damage the filter. DO
NOT wash the filter in any liquid. DO NOT attempt to blowout dirt with compressed
air.
(2) If the filter is excessively dirty or shows any damage, replace it immediately.
(3) Wipe the filter housing with a clean doth and install the filter. The usable Jife of the
filter should be restricted to one year or 500 hours, whichever comes first.
(c)
Installation Of Engine Air Filter
After cleaning or when replacing the filter, install the filter in the reverse order of removal.
8.13 BRAKE SERVICE
The brake system is filled with MIL-H-5606 (petroleum base) hydraulic brake fluid. The fluid level
should be checked periodically or at every 50 hour inspection and replenished when necessary. The brake
reservoir is located on the fire wall in the engine compartment. If the entire system must be refilled, fill
with fluid under pressure from the brake end of the system. This will eliminate air from the system.
No adjustment of the brake clearances is necessary. If after extended service brake blocks become
excessively worn, they should be replaced with new segments.
REPORT: VB-760
8-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28· 181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
/
/
\
... -""
. ..... . ..
....
'
\
\
. , . . ..
-...
.............
BRAKE SYSTDI
Figure 8· 1
ISSUED: AUGUST 13, 1975
REPORT: VB· 760
8·9
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
8.15 LANDING GEAR SERVICE
The three landing gears use Cleveland Aircraft Products 6.00 x 6, four-ply rating, type III tires and
tubes. (Refer to paragraph 8.23.)
Wheels are removed by taking off the hub cap, colter pin, axle nut, and the two bolts holding the
brake segment in place. Mark tire and wheel for reinstallation; then dismount by deflating the tire,
removing the three through-bolts from the wheel and separating the wheel halves.
Landing gear oleos on the Cherokee Archer II should be serviced according to the instructions on the
units. The main oleos should be extended under normal static load until 4.50 ± .25 inches of oleo piston
tube is exposed, and the nose gear should show 3.25 ± .25 inches. Should the strut exposure be below that
required, it should be determined whether air or oil is required by first raising the airplane on jacks. Depress
the valve core to allow air to escape from the strut housing chamber. Remove the fiber plug and slowly raise
the strut to full compression. If the strut has sufficient fluid, it will be visible up to the bottom of the filler
plug hole and will then require only proper inflation.
Should fluid be below the bottom of the filler plug hole, oil should be added. Replace the plug with
valve core removed; attach a clear plastic hose to the valve stem of the filler plug and submerge the other
end in a container of hydraulic fluid. Fully compress and extend the strut several times, thus drawing fluid
from the container and expelling air from the strut chamber. To allow fluid to enter the bottom chamber of
the main gear strut housing, the torque link assembly must be disconnected to let the strut be extended a
minimum of 10 inches (the nose gear torque links need not be disconnected). Do not allow the strut to
extend more than 12 inches. When air bubbles cease to flow through the hose, compress the strut fully and
again check fluid level. Reinstall the valve core and filler plug. and the main gear torque links, if
disconnected.
With fluid in the strut housing at the correct level, attach a strut pump to the air valve and with the
airplane on the ground, inflate the oleo strut to the correct height.
In jacking the aircraft for landing gear or other service, two hydraulic jacks and a tail stand should be
used. At least 250 pounds of ballast should be placed on the base of the tail stand before the airplane is
jacked up. The hydraulic jacks should be placed under the jack points on the bottom of the wing and the
airplane jacked up until the tail skid is at the right height to attach the tail stand. After the tail stand is
attached and the ballast added. jacking may be continued until the airplane is at the height desired.
The steering arms from the rudder pedals to the nose wheel are adjusted at the nose wheel by turning
the threaded rod end bearings in or out. Adjustment is normally accomplished at the forward end of the
rods and should be done in such a way that the nose wheel is in line with the fore and aft axis of the plane
",,'hen the rudder pedals and rudder are centered. Alignment of the nose wheel can be checked by pushing
the airplane back and forth with the rudder centered to determine that the plane follows a perfectly
straight line. The turning arc of the nose wheel is 30.0° ± 2° in either direction and is limited by stops on
the bottom of the forging.
The rudder pedal arm stops should be carefully adjusted so that the pedal arms contact the stops just
after the rudder hits its stops. This guarantees that the rudder will be allowed to move through its full
travel.
REPORT: VB-760
8-10
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-2S-ISI, CHEROKEE ARCHER 11
SECTIONS
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
S.17 PROPELLER SERVICE
The spinner and backing plate should be frequently cleaned and inspected for cracks. Before each
flight the propeller sho uld be inspected for nicks. scratches. and corrosion. If found . they should be
repaired as soon as possible by a rated mechanic. since a nick or scratch causes an area of increased stress
which can lead to serious cracks or the loss of a propeller tip. The back (ace of the blades should be painted
when necessary with flat black paint to retard glare. To prevent corrosion. the surface should be cleaned
and waxed periodically.
S.19 OIL REQUIRHIENTS
The oil capac ity of the Lycoming O-360-A4M series engines is 8 quarts and the minimum safe quantity
is 2 quarts. 1t is recommended thai engine oil be drained and renewed every 50 hours. The oil filter clement
should be changed every 50 hours of operation. The interval between oil and oil filter changes should not
exceed a tota l of fou r (4) months . Under unfavorable dusty conditions , the oi l and oil filler shou ld be
changed more frequently.
II is re co mmended that single or multi viscosi ty aviation grade oils in accordance with late st issue of
Textron Lycoming Service Instruction J 014 be used. The following seasonal aviation oil grades and seasonal
ambient temperature ra nges are recommended:
Aver:tge Ambient
Temperature
Ali Temperatures
Above 80°F
Above 6Q°F
30°F 10 90°F
OaF to 70°F
OaF to 90°F
Below 10°F
MIL-6082B
Mineral
SAE Grade
MIL-L-22851
Ashless Dispersant
SAE Grades
60
50
40
30
20W-50
20
15W·50 or 20W·50
60
40 or 50
40
30. 40 or 20W-4O
20W·50 or 15W-50
30 or 20W-30
..
-
When oper:tling temperature s overlap indicated ranges. use the lighter grade oi l.
NOTE
Refer to the latest issue of Textron Lycoming Service In struction
10 14 (Lubricati ng Oil Recommendations) for further information.
8.21 FUEL SYSTHI
(a)
Servici ng Fuel System
Refer to the PA-28 Cherokee Service Manual and Periodic Inspection Report fo r fuel sys tem
servicing and inspection.
(b)
Fuel Requiremem s (AVGAS ONLY)
Aviati on grade fuel with a minimum octane of 1001130 must be used in this airplane. Since
the use of lowe r grades can cause serious damage in a short period of time. the engine warranty is
invalidated by the use of lower octanes. Refer to late st issue of Te xtron Lycoming Service
Instructio n No. 1070 for altemate fuels and additional information.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: JUNE 8, 1990
REPORT: VB-760
S-II
I
SECTIONS
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
8-11a
I
ISSUED: JUNE 8, 1990
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
A summary of the current grades as well
IS
the previous fuel designation s is shown in the
following: chart:
FUEL GRADE COMPARISON CHART
Previous Commercial
Fuel Grades (ASTM-D91O)
Grade
Color
80/87
91/96
10011 30
red
blue
green
11511 45
purple
Max. TEL
mI/U.S . ga l.
0.5
2.0
3.0
4.6
Current Commercial
Fuel Grades (ASTM-D91()'7S)
Currenl Military
Fuel Grades (MIL-G-S572F)
Max_ TEL
Grade
Color
mUU.S. gal.
80
'IOOLL
100
red
blue
green
none
none
0.5
2.0
"3.0
none
Maxi TEL
Grade
Color
80187
red
nonc
none
blue
purple
100/ 130
11511 45
mUU .S. gal.
0.5
none
2.0
4.6
.. . Grade IDOLL fuel in some overseas (Qunlfies is currently colored green and designated as " 'OOL."
• • - Commerc ial fue l grade 100 and grade 100/ 130 having TEL content of up to 4 mIlU.S . gallon are
approved for use in all engines cenificalcd for use with grade 1001130 fuel.
The operati on of the aircraft is approved with an anti-icing additive in the fuel. When an antiicing addit ive is used, it must reflect the specification MlL-J 27686, must be uniformly blended with
the fu el while refue ling, must nO( exceed .1 5% by volume of the refueled quantity. and to ensure its
effectiveness must be blended at nOlless than ,10% by volume. One and one half liquid ozs , per ten
gall ons of fuel would fall withi n this range, A blender supplied by the additive manufacturer should
be used. Except for the information contained in this section, the manufac turer 's mixing o r blending
in structions sho uld be carefull y followed.
CAUTIONS
Assure thaI the additive is directed inlo the fl ow ing fuel
s tream. The add iti ve flow s ho uld stan after the stop
before the fuel flow. Do not permit the co ncentrated
addi t ive to come in con tact with the aircraft painted
surfaces o r the interior s urfaces of the fuel tanks.
Some fuel s have anti-icing additives pre blended in the
fuel a t the refinery. so no further blending should be
performed.
ISS UED: J UNE 8, 1990
REPORT: VB -760
8-lIb
I
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFr CORPORATION
PA·28-III. CHEROKEE ARCHER II
FUEL DRAIN
Figure g·3
(c)
Filling Fuel Tanks
Obser .... e all required precautions for handling gasoline. Fuel is stored in two twenty-fi ve
gallon (24 gal. usable) tanks.
(d)
Draining Fuel Valves and Lines
The fuel system should be drained daily prior to first flight and after refueJing to avoid the
accumulation of water or sediment Each fuel tank is equipped with an individual quick drain
located at the lower inboard rear corner of the tank. The fuel strainer is equipped with an easy
drain valve. 11 is located on the fronl lower left corner of the fire wall. It is important that the
fuel syste m be drained in the following manner :
( I) Open the easy drain valve with the fuel selector valve on one tank, and allow fuel to
now for a few seconds.
(2) Place a container under the drain and examine the contents for sediment and water.
0) Wh!!n enough fuel has flowed to ensure that the lines and strainers are free of water
and sedimenl. close the drain and dispose of the contents of the container.
(4) Repeal the procedure with the fuel selector valved changed to the other tank.
CAUTION
When draining fuel. be sure that no fire hazard exists before
starting the engine.
After using the fuel system quick drain, check from outside the airplane to be sure that it
has c losed completely and is nOI leaking.
REPORT: VB·760
8-12
ISSUED: AUGUST IS, I97S
REVISED: JUNE 8, 1990
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(e)
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
Draining Fuel System
The bulk of the fuel may be drained from the system by opening the valve at the inboard
end of each fuel tank. Push up on the arms of the drain valve and turn counterclockwise to hold
the drain open. The remaining fuel in the system may be drained through the filter bowl. Any
individual tank may be drained by closing the selector valve and then draining the desired tank.
CAUTION
Whenever the fuel system is completely drained and fuel is replenished it will be necessary to run the engine for a minimum of
three minutes at 1000 RPM on each tank to insure that no air exists
in the fuel supply lines.
8.23 TIRE INFLATION
For maximum service from the tires, keep them inflated to the proper pressures - 18 psi for the nose
gear and 24 psi for the main gear. All wheels and tires are balanced before original installation, and the
relationship of tire. tube and wheel should be maintained upon reinstallation. Unbalanced wheels can cause
extreme vibration in the landing gear; therefore, in the installation of new components, it may be necessary
to rebalance the wheels with the tires mounted. When checking tire pressure, examine the tires for wear,
cuts, bruises, and slippage.
8.25 BATTERY SERVICE
Access to the 12-volt battery is through an access panel at the right rear side of the baggage
compartment. The battery box has a plastic tube which is normally closed off with a cap and which should
be opened occasionally to drain off any accumulation of liquid. The battery should be checked for proper
fluid level. DO NOT fill the battery above the baffle plates. DO NOT fill the battery with acid - use water
only. A hydrometer check will determine the percent of charge in the battery.
If the battery is not up to charge. recharge starting at a 4 amp rate and finishing with a 2 amp rate.
Quick charges are not recommended.
8.27 CLEANING
(a)
Cleaning Engine Compartment
Before cleaning the engine compartment, place a strip of tape on the magneto vents to
prevent any solvent from entering these units.
(I) Place a large pan under the engine to catch waste.
(2) With the engine cowling removed, spray or brush the engine with solvent or a mixture
of solvent and degreaser. In order to remove especially heavy dirt and grease deposits,
it may be necessary to brush areas that were sprayed.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16, 1979
REPORT: VB-760
8-13
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
CAtmON
Do not spray solvent into the alternator, vacuum pump, slarter. or
air intakes.
(3)
AHow the solvent to remain on the engine from five to ten milWtes. Then rinse the
engine clean with additional solvent and allow it to dry.
CAUTION
Do not operate the engine until excess solvent has evaporated or
otherwise been removed.
(4)
(5)
(b)
Remove the protective tape from the magnetos.
Lubricate the controls, bearing surfaces, etc., in accordance with the Lubrication
Chart.
Cleaning Landing Gear
Before cleaning the landing gear, place a plastic cover or similar material over the wheel and
brake assembly.
(I) Place a pan under the gear to catch waste.
(2) Spray or brush the gear area with solvent or a mixture of solvent and degreaser. as
desired. Where heavy grease and dirt deposits have collected, it may be necessary to
brush areas that were sprayed, in order to clean them.
(3) Allow the solvent to remain on the gear from five to ten minutes. Then rinse the gear
with additional solvent and allow to dry.
(4) Remove the cover from the wheel and remove the catch pan.
(5) Lubricate the gear in accordance with the Lubrication Chart.
(c)
Cleaning Exterior Surfaces
The airplane should be washed with a mild soap and water. Harsh abrasives or alkaline soaps
or detergents could make scratches on painted or plastic surfaces or could cause corrosion of
metal. Cover areas where cleaning solution could cause damage. To wash the airplane, use the
following procedure:
(1) Flush away loose dirt with water.
(2) Apply cleaning solution with a soft cloth, a sponge or a soft bristle brush.
(3) To remove exhaust stains, allow the solution to remain on the surface longer.
(4) To remove stubborn oil and grease, use a cloth dampened with naphtha.
(5) Rinse all surfaces thoroughly.
(6) Any good automotive wax may be used to preserve painted surfaces. Soft cleaning
cloths or a chamois should be used to prevent scratches when cleaning or polishing. A
heavier coating of wax on the leading surfaces will reduce the abrasion problems in
these areas.
REPORT: VB-760
8-14
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVISED: MARCH 16, 1979
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-18I , CHEROKEE ARCHER II
(d)
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
C lean ing Windshield and Windows
( I) Re move dirt, mud and other loose particles from e xterior surfaces with clean waler.
(2) Wash with mild soap and warm water or with .irerafl plastic cleaner. Use a sof! cloth
or sponge in a straight back and forth motion. Do not rub harshly.
(3) Remove oil and grease with a cloth moistened with kerosene .
CAUTION
Do not use gaso line. alcohol, benzene, carbon tetrachoride .
thi nne r. ace tone . or window Cleaning sprays .
(4)
(5)
(e)
Afte r c lean ing plastic surfaces, apply a thin coat of hard poli shing wax . Ru b lig.ht ly
with a soft cloth. Do not use a circular motion .
A severe scratch or mar in plastic can be removed by rubbin g O UI the scralch wi th
jeweler' s rouge . Smooth both sides and apply wax .
Cleaning Headli ner, S ide Panel s and Seats
(I)
(2)
Clean head li ner, side panels, and seals wi th a stiff brist le brush. and vac uum whe re
necessary.
Soi led uph o lstery. e xcept leathe r. may be cleaned with a good u phol ste ry c lea ne r
sui tab le fo r the materia l. Care full y follow the manufac turer 's instruc ti o n's/ Avoi d
soaking or harsh rubbing.
CAUTION
Solvent cleaners require adequate vent ilatio n,
(3)
(f)
Leat he r should be cleaned with saddle soap or a mild hand soap and water.
Clean ing Carpets
To c lean c arpet s, fi rst remove loose din with a whi sk broo m o r vac uum . For so iled spots
an d stubborn stain s use a nonin fl ammable dry cleanin g fluid . Fl oor carpets may be rem oved and
clea ned like any househo ld carpel.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REVI SED : MAR CH 16, 1979
REPORT: VB-760
8-15
SECTIONS
HANDLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE
PIPER AIRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
8-16
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
Paragraph/Supplement
Page
No.
No.
9.1
General................................................................................................................................................
9-1
I
Air Conditioning System Instal1ation .................................................................................................
AutoFlite II Autopilot Installation ......................................................................................................
AutoControl IIIB Autopilot Installation .............................................................................................
Piper Electric Pitch Trim.....................................................................................................................
9-3
9-7
9-9
9-13
2
3
4
REPORT: VB-760
9-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
9.1
GENERAL
This section provides information in the form of Supplements which are necessary for efficient
operation of the airplane when equipped with one or more of the various optional systems and equipment
not provided with the standard airplane.
All of the Supplements provided by this section are "FAA Approved" and consecutively numbered as
a permanent part of this Handbook. The information contained in each Supplement applies only when the
related equipment is installed in the airplane.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
9-1
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE I;-;TENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
9-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-I8I, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SUPPLEMENT I
AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION
SECTION I - GENERAL
This suppl ement supplies information necessary for the efficient operation of the airplane when the
optional air conditioning sy stem is installed. The information contained within this supplement is to be
used "as described" in conjunction wilh the complete handbook .
Thi" supplement ha s-been " FAA Approved" as a permanent part of lhis handbook nnd mu st remain in
thi s handbook at all time s when the optional air conditioning sys tem is installed.
SECTION 2 - LIMITATIONS
(a)
To in sure ma ximum cl imb performance the air conditioner must be turned "OFF" manuall y
pr io r !O takeoff to di sengage the compressor and retract the condenser door. Also the ai r
conditi oner mu st be turned "OFF" manuall y before the landing approach in preparati on for a
poss ibl e go-around .
(b)
Pl acards
In full view of the pilot, in the area of the air conditioner control s when the ai r condit ioner is
in sta lled :
-"WAR NING - AIR CONDITIONER MUST BE OFF TO INS URE
NORM AL TAKEOFF CLIMB PERFORMANCE_"
In full view of the pi lot, to the right of the engine gauges (condenser door li ght):
-'AIR COND DOOR
OPEN-'
SECTION 3 - EME RGENCY PROCEDURES
No change s to the bas ic Emergency Procedures provided by Section 3 of this Pil ot's Opera ting
Handbook are necess ary for thi s supplement.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
9-3
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
. PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
D.
SECTION 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES
Prior to takeoff, the air conditioner should be checked for proper operation as follows:
(a)
Check aircraft master switch "ON."
(b)
Turn the air conditioner control switch to "ON" and the fan switch to one of the operating
positions - the hAIR COND DOOR OPEN" warning light will turn on, thereby indicating proper
air conditioner condenser door actuation.
(c)
Turn the air conditioner control switch to "OFF" - the "AIR COND DOOR OPEN" warning
light will go out, thereby indicating the air conditioner condenser door is in the up position.
(d)
If the "AIR COND DOOR OPEN" light does not respond as
above, an air conditioner
system or indicator bulb malfunction is indicated and further investigation should be conducted
prior to flight.
The above operational check may be performed during flight if an in flight failure is suspected.
The condenser door light is located to the right of the engine instrument cluster in front of the pilot.
The door light illuminates when the door is open and is off when the door is closed.
SECTION 5 - PERFORMANCE
Operation of the air conditioner will cause slight decreases in cruise speed and range. Power from the
engine is required to run the compressor, and the condenser door, when extended, causes a slight increase in
drag. When the air conditioner is turned off there is normally no measurable difference in climb, cruise or
range performance of the airplane.
NOTE
To insure maximum climb performance the air conditioner must
be turned off manually before takeoff to disengage the compressor
and retract the condenser door. Also the air conditioner must be
turned off manually before the landing approach in preparation
for a possible go-around.
Although the cruise speed and range are only slightly affected by the air conditioner operation, these
changes should be considered in preflight planning. To be conservative, the following figures assume that
the compressor is operating continuously while the airplane is airborne. This will be the case only in
extremely hot weather.
(a)
(b)
The decrease in true airspeed is approximately 5 mph at all power settings.
The decrease in range may be as much as 37 statute miles for the 48 gallon capacity.
REPORT: VB-760
9-4
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
The climb performance is not compromised measurably with the air conditioner operating since the
compressor is declutched and the condenser door is retracted, both automatically, when a full throttle
position is selected. When the full throttle position is not used or in the event of a malfunction which
would cause the compressor to operate and the condenser door to be extended, a decrease in rate of climb
of as much as 100 fpm can be expected. Should a malfunction occur which prevents condenser door
retraction when the compressor is turned off. a decrease in rate of climb of as much as 50 fpm can be
expected.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
9-5
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
PIPER AIRCRAFr CORPORATION
CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
9-6
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
SUPPLEMENT 2
AUTOFLlTE II AUTOPILOT INSTALLATION
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
This supplement supplies information necessary for the operation of the airplane when the optional
AutoFlite II Autopilot is installed. The information contained within this supplement is to be used has
described" in conjunction with the complete handbook.
This supplement has been "FAA Approved" as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in
this handbook at all times when the optional AutoFIite II Autopilot is installed.
SECTION 2 - LIMITATIO;-;S
(a)
(b)
Autopilot use prohibited above ]65 MPH CAS.
Autopilot "OFF' during takeoff and landing.
SECTION 3 - EMERGEKCY PROCEDURES
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
In case of malfunction DEPRESS and hold interrupt switch on pilot's control wheel.
Toggle switch on instrument panel "OFF."
Unit may be overpowered manually.
In climb. cruise or descent configuration a malfunction with a 3 second delay in recovery
initiation may result in 45° bank and 180' altitude loss. Maximum altitude loss measured at 165
MPH CAS in a descent.
In approach configuration a malfunction with a 1 second delay in recovery initiation results in
18° bank and 10' altitude loss,
SECTION 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES
(a)
Engagement
(l) Toggle Switch on instrument panel - ON.
(2) Interrupt Switch on left hand side of pilot's control wheel - RELEASED.
(b)
Disengagement
(1) Depress Interrupt Switch on pilot's control wheel (or)
(2) Toggle Switch on instrument panel - OFF.
(c)
Heading Changes
(1) Depress Interrupt Switch, make Heading Change, release Interrupt Switch.
(2) Move Trim Knob on instrument for Drift Correction from a constant heading.
(3) Move Trim Command Knob on instrument for right or left banked turns.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15,1975
REPORT: VB-760
9-7
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
(d)
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
OMNI Tracker
(I) Center Turn Command Knob and push IN to engage Tracker.
(2) Trim Knob - push IN for high sensitivity.
SECTION 5 - PERFORMANCE
No changes to the basic performance provided by Section 5 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are
necessary for this supplement.
REPORT: VB-760
9-8
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
SUPPLEMENT 3
AUTOCONTROL IDB AUTOPILOT INSTALLATION
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
This supplement supplies information necessary for the operation of the airplane when the optional
Piper AutoControl IIIB Autopilot is installed. The information contained within this supplement is to be
used "as described" in conjunction with the complete handbook.
This supplement has been "FAA Approved" as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in
this handbook at all times when the optional Piper AutoControl I1IB Autopilot is installed.
SECTION 2 - LIMITATIONS
(a)
(b)
Autopilot use prohibited above 165 MPH CAS.
Autopilot "OFF" during takeoff and landing.
SECTION 3 - EMERGENCY OPERATION
(a)
In an emergency the AutoControl I1IB can be disconnected by:
Pushing the roll ON-OFF Rocker Switch "OFF:"
(2) Pulling the Autopilot Circuit Breaker.
The autopilot can be overpowered at either control wheel.
An autopilot runaway, with a 3 second delay in the initiation of recovery while operating in a
climb, cruise or descending flight, could result in a 45° bank and 180' altitude loss. Maximum
altitude loss measured at 165 MPH in a descent.
An autopilot runaway, with a 1 second delay in the initiation of recovery, during an approach
operation, coupled or uncoupled, could result in a 18° bank and 10' altitude loss.
(I)
(b)
(c)
(d)
SECTION 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES
PREFLIGHT
(a)
AUTOPILOT
Place Radio Coupler in "HOG" Mode (if installed) and place the AP "ON-OFF" switch to
the "ON" position to engage roll section. Rotate roll command knob left and right and
observe that control wheel describes a corresponding left and right turn, then cenler knob.
(2) Set correct compass heading on D.G. and tum HDG bug to aircraft heading. Engage "HDG"
mode rocker switch and rotate HGD bug right and left. Aircraft control wheel should tum
same direction as bug. Grasp control wheel and manually override servo, both directions.
(1)
ISSUED: AUGUST 15 t 1975
REPORT: VB-760
9-9
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
(b)
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
RADIO COUPLER -(OPTIONAL)
(1) Tune and identify VOR or VOT station. Position Radio Coupler to OMNI Mode. Engage
Autopilot ROLL and HDG switches. Set HDG bug to aircraft heading and rotate O.B.S. to
cause OMNI indicator Needle to swing left and right slowly. Observe that control wheel
rotates in direction of needle movement.
(2) Disengage AP "ON-OFF' switch. Reset Radio Coupler control to HDG ..
IN-FLIGHT
(a)
Trim airplane (ball centered).
(b)
Check air pressure vacuum to ascertain that the directional gyro and altitude gyro are receiving
sufficient air.
(c)
Roll Section.
(I) To engage, center ROLL knob, push AP "ON-OFF' switch to "ON" position. To turn,
rotate console ROLL knob in desired direction. (Maximum angle of bank should not exceed
30°.)
(2) For heading mode. set directional gyro with magnetic compass. Push directional gyro HDG
knob in, rotate bug to aircraft heading. Push console heading rocker (HDG) switch to "ON"
position. To select a new aircraft heading. push D.G. heading knob "IN" and rotate, in
desired direction of turn. to the desired heading.
(d)
Radio Coupling - VOR'ILS \vith Standard directional gyro. (Optional)
(1) For VOR Intercepts and Tracking:
Select the desired VOR course and set the HDG bug to the same heading. Select OMNI
mode on the coupler and HDG Mode on the autopilot console.
(2) For ILS Front Course Intercepts and Tracking:
Tune the localizer frequency and place the HDG bug on the inbound, front course
heading. Select LOC-NORM mode on the coupler and HDG mode on the autopilot console.
(3) For LOC Back Course Intercepts and Tracking:
Tune the localizer frequency and place the HDG bug on the inbound course heading to
the airport. Select LOC-REV mode with coupler and HDG mode on the autopilot console.
SECTION 5 - PERFORMANCE
No changes to the basic performance provided by Section 5 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are
necessary for this supplement.
REPORT: VB-760
9-10
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB·760
9-11
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II .
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFr BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
9-12
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
SUPPLEMENT 4
PIPER ELECTRIC PITCH TRIM
SECTION 1 - GENERAL
This supplement supplies information necessary for the operation of the airplane when the optional
Piper Electric Pitch Trim is installed. The information contained within this supplement is to be used "as
described" in conjunction \vith the complete handbook.
This supplement has been '<FAA Approved" as a permanent part of this handbook and must remain in
this handbook at all times \vhen the optional Piper Electric Pitch Trim is installed.
SECTION 2 No changes of the basic limitations provided by Section 2 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are
necessary for this supplement.
SECTION 3 - EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
(a)
(b)
(c)
In case of malfunction, PRESS disconnect switch located above the ignition switch.
In case of malfunction. overpower the electric trim at either control wheel.
Maximum altitude change with a 4 second delay in recovery initiation is 800 feet and occurs in
the descent configuration. Maximum altitude change in the approach configuration with a 4
second recovery delay is 100 feet.
SECTION 4 - NORMAL PROCEDURES
The electric trim system may be turned ON or OFF by a switch located above the ignition switch. The
pitch trim may be changed when the electric trim system is turned on either by moving the manual pitch
trim control wheel or by operating the trim control switch on the pilot's control yoke. To prevent excessive
speed increase in the event of an electric trim run-away malfunction, the system incorporates an automatic
disconnect feature which renders the system inoperative above approximately 165 MPH lAS. The
disconnected condition does not affect the manual trim system.
SECTION 5 - PERFORMANCE
No changes to the basic performance provided by Section 5 of this Pilot's Operating Handbook are
necessary for this supplement.
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB-760
9-13
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
PIPER AlRCRAFf CORPORATION
PA-28-181, CHEROKEE ARCHER n
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
9-14
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
TABLE OF CONTENTS'
SECTION 10
SAFETY TIPS
Page
Paragraph
No.
No.
10.1
10.3
General................................................................................................................................................
Safety Tips ..........................................................................................................................................
10-1
10-1
REPORT: VB-760
lO-i
PIPER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION
PA·28·181, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
SECfIONIO
SAFETY TIPS
SECTION 10
SAFETY TIPS
10.1 GENERAL
This section provides safety tips of particular value in the operation of the Cherokee Archer II.
10.3 SAFETY TIPS
(a)
Learn to trim for takeoff so that only a very light back pressure on the control wheel is required
to lift the airplane off the ground.
(b)
The best speed for takeoff is about 61 MPH lAS (53 KTS lAS) under normal conditions. Trying
to pull the airplane off the ground at too Iowan airspeed decreases the controllability of the
.
airplane in the event of engine failure.
(c)
Flaps may be lowered at airspeeds up to 115 MPH CAS (100 KTS CAS). To reduce flap operating
loads, it is desirable to have the airplane at a slower speed before extending the flaps.
(d)
Before attempting to reset any circuit breaker, allow a two to five minute cooling off period.
(e)
Before starting the engine. check that alI radio switches, light switches and the pilot heat switch
are in the off pOSition so as not to create an overloaded condition when the starter is engaged.
(f)
Strobe lights should not be operating when flying through overcast and clouds. since reflected
light can produce spacial disorientation. Do not operate strobe lights when taxiing in the vicinity
of other aircraft.
(g)
The rudder pedals are suspended from a torque tube which extends across the fuselage. The pilot
should become familiar with the proper positioning of his feet on the rudder pedals so as to avoid
interference with the torque tube when moving the rudder pedals or operating the toe brakes.
(h)
In an effort to avoid accidents. pilots should obtain and study the safety related information
made available in FAA publications such as regulations, advisory circulars, Aviation News. AIM
and safety aids.
(i)
The shape of the wing fuel tanks is such that in certain maneuvers the fuel may move away from
the tank outlet. If the outlet is uncovered. the fuel flow will be interrupted and a temporary loss
of power may result. Pilots can prevent inadvertent uncovering of the outlet by avoiding
maneuvers which could result in uncovering the outlet.
Extreme running turning takeoffs should be avoided as fuel flow interruption may occur.
Prolonged slips or skids which result in excess of 2000 ft. of altitude loss, or other radical or
extreme maneuvers which could cause uncovering of the fuel outlet must be avoided as fuel flow
interruption may occur when tank being used is not fulL
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
REPORT: VB·760
10-1
SECTION 10
SAFETY TIPS
PIPER AIRCRAFI' CORPORATION
PA-28-ltll, CHEROKEE ARCHER II
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
REPORT: VB-760
10-2
ISSUED: AUGUST 15, 1975
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