Gulfstream Aerospace 1978 AA 5A CHEETAH Pilot Operating Handbook

PILOT'S OPERATING HANDBOOK
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Model AA·5A'CHEETAH
1977 1197~ 11979
THIS HANDBOOK INCLUDES THE MATERIAL REQUIRED TO BE
FURN~SH~9 TO TI1E PILOT BY FA~ PART 23.
SERIAL~O.
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REGISTRATION NO. _ _ _ __
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Gulfstream
'QII
~e
Corporation
Ac:arraa 91MPANY
Savannah, Georgie, U.S.A.
Issued: January 15, 1977
Revision 4: March 2, 1988
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© 1988 Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation
All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this publication. No part may
be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any part or form
or by any means, electronic, photoCopying, microfilm, microfiche, mechanical, or
otherwise, without prior written pe~mission of Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation.
'.
GULFSTREAMAEROSPACE
MODEL AA·5A CH EElAH
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
Dates of Issue for
Original .............
Revision ............
RevisiOn ...••..•.•••
Revision ............
Revision ............
original and revised pages are:
0 ••.......•. January 15, 1977
1 ............ Docember 15, 1977
2 ............ July 15, 1978
3 ............ February 15, 1979
4 ..........,.' March 2, 1988
THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS HAt-lDBOOK IS 181, CONSISTING OF THE
FOLLOWING. THIS INCLUDES THE SUPPLEM~NTS PROVIDED IN SECTION 9 WHICH
COVER OPTIONAL SYSTEt.!IS AVAILABLE IN THE AIRPLANE.
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES
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GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
• Revision
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Revised: March 2, 1968
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
.",~PEL AA·5A CHEETAH
WE LCOME ABOARD
WELCOME ABOARD!
Your AA·5A Cheetah has been designed and constructed to provide you with a
responsive four·place airplanE! to serve combortably and economically your needs
for either pleasure or busine~s. flying.
This handbook has been prepared to help you obtain the maximum pleasure and
utility from your airplane. Read it carefully, review it frequently, and keep it with
you in the airplane at all times.
With proper operational techniques and good maintenance, your Gulfstream
American Cheetah should serve you well. Get to know your Gulfstream American
Dealer. He is equipped to provide any assistance that may be required.
Revised: February 15, 1979
I
PERFORMANCE·
SPECIFICATIONS
GU LFSTREAMAME RICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
)
PERFORMANCE-SPECIFICATIONS-
SPEED:
MaxillllHll at SI~<l Level
136 KNOTS
Cruise, IlJ"u Power at 8500 FI.
127 K~IOTS
Cruise, 65"0 Power at 8500 FI.
118 KNOTS
CRUISE: Recommended Lean Mixture with fuel allowance for engine start,
taxi, takeoff, climb ann 45 minutes reserve at 50% power.
75% Power at 8500 FI. .
. . . . 657 NM
51 Gallons USilble Fuel . . .
5 HRS: 15 MIN
75% Power at 8500 Ft. . . . .
. . . . 448 NM
37 Gallons Usable Fuel . . .
3 HRS: 38 MIN
RATE OF CLIMB AT SEA LEVEL
.. 660 FPM
.12,650 FT
SERVICE CEILING. . . . .
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE:
Ground Roll . . . . . .
· .880 Fl
Total Distance Over 50· F t Obstacle
· 1600 FT
LANDING PERFORMANCE:
Ground Roll . . . . . . . . . . . .
· .380 FT
Total Distance Over 50·Ft Obstacle
· 1100 FT
STALL SPEED (CAS):
Flaps Up, Power Off . . .
.55 KNOTS
Flaps Down, Power Off
.53 KNOTS
2200 l.BS
MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT.
STANDARD EMPTY WEIGHT:
1286 l.BS
BAGGAGE ALLOWANCE (Normal Category)
.120 l.8S
WING LOADING: Pouncls/Sq Ft
15.7
POWER LOADING: Pounds/HP
.. 14.7
TOTAL FUEL CAPACITY
Standard Tanks . . . . . .
38 GAl.
Optional Long Range Tanks
52.6 GAL
01 L CAPACITY . . . . . .
· . 80TS
ENGINE: Avco Lycoming .. .
.0·320·E2G
150 BHP at 2700 RPM
PROPELLER: Fixed, Diameter
. . . 73 IN.
• Performance specifications are based upon stanrlarn atmosphere, zero wind,
gross weight conditions.
ii
Issued: January
a~l.
f!:f; 1977
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.• 9\;L~FSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TAB~E
OF CONTENTS
SECTION
GENERAL
.,
.1
LIMITATIONS
.2
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
.3
NORMAL PROCEDURES
.4
PERFORMANCE
...
.5
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
.6
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION
.7
AIRPLANE HANDLING.
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
.8
SUPPLEMENTS
(Optional Systems Description
& Operating Procedures)
.9
SAFETY INFORMATION
10
Issued: January 15. 1977
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iii
WARRANTY
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN CORPORATION (herein GULFSTREAM
AME RICAN), warrants each new aircraft and part thereof manufactured by it,
together with all new aircraft equipment and accessories bearing the name
"GULFSTREAM AMERICAN," to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service, but extends no warranty of any kind,
expressed or implied, to any items not manufactured by GULFSTREAM
AMERICAN, or not so bearing its name, whether incorporated into or installed in
the aircraft, except thilt the workmanship involved in installing such items is
warranted to be without defect. The obligation of GULFS'fREAM AMERICAN
under this warranty is limited to replacement or repair, at the option of
GUL FSTR EAM AME R.ICAN, of any such aircraft, or any part or accessory which
shall within six (6) months (twelve (12) months dn 1978 and subsequent models)
of operation be found defective. Such aircraft, part or accessory is to be returned
to a GULFSTREAM AMERICAN DEALER upon which examination by
GULFSTR EAM AME RICAN, shall disclose to its reasonable satisfaction to have
been thus defective. This warranty shall not in any way apply to or cover any
products which are in GULFSTREAM AMERICAN's opinion damaged as a result
of being in any manner altered or repaired outside of the factory of
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN or that shall have been subject to misuse or
negligence.
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GULFSTREAM AMERICAN makes no warranty whatsoever with respect to engines, radios, prorellers, ignition apparatus, st<Jrting devices, generators, batteries,
or other trade accessories, inasmuch as such products are generally warranted
separately by their respective manufacturers.
)
"THESE WARRANTY PROVISIONS ARE EXPRESSLY IN LIEU OF ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, STATUtORY OR IMPLIED IN FACT
OR BY LAW, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ~~ERCHANT­
ABI LlTY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND OF ANY
OTHER OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY ON THE PART OF GULFSTREAM
AMERICAN, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, OF ANY NATURE t~/HATSOEVER.
GULFSTREAM AME RICAN NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY
OTHER PERSON OR AUSINESS ORGANIZATION TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY
OTHER WARRANTY OR LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE,
USE OR OPERATION Or- ITS PRODUCTS."
IMMEDIATELY ON COMMENCING FIRST USE OF AN AIRCRAFT, A WARRANTY VALIDATION CARD MUST BE FILLED OUT AND MAILED TO THE
ATTENTION OF THE CUSTOMER SERVICE i\~ANAGER, COMMERCIAL
LIGHT AIRCRAFT, P.O. BOX 2206, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, 31402. NO
WARRANTY CLAIMS WILL FlE HONORED IF THIS CARD IS NOT ON FILE
AT THE FACTORY.
iv
Revised: February 15, 1979
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GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
M6bEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 1
GENERAL
SECTION 1
'GENERAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Three View "
Introduction , ,
Descriptive Data
Engine, ,
Propeller , ,
Fuel . . . .
Oil . , . , , .. , . , " ..
Maximum Certificated Weights
Standard Airplane Weights
Cabin and Entry Dimensions . .
Baggage Space and Entry Dimensions
Specific Loadings . . . . . . . . . .
Symbols, Abbreviations and Terminology . . .
General Airspeed Terminology and Symbols
Meteorological TerminolQgy . . . . . . . . .
,.
Engine Power Terminologv . . . . . . . . . .
Airplane Performance and :Flight Planning Terminology
Weight and Balance Terminology . . . . . . . . . . .
Issued: January 15, 1977
.1·2
,1-3
· 1-3
.1-3
· 1·3
· 1-4
· 1-,4
· 1·8
· 1·9
.1-9
· 1·9
.1·9
.1-9
.1-9
1-10
1·10
1-11
1·11
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SECTION 1
GENERAL
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
NOTES:
1.
Wheel base length 5'4".
2.
Minimum turning radius 19' 11".
3.
Pivot point - center of main gear tire.
)
Figure ,-,. Three View
1-2
Issued: January
lS;'""fft"j1
~
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
',"IJl!'\QDEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 1
GENERAL
INTRODUCTION
The ten sections of this hanqbook contain the information needed by the pilot
for safe and efficient oper9't;on of the Gulfstream American Model AA-5A airplanes_ This handbook also includes the material required to be furnished to the
pilot by FAR, Part 23, and supplernef]tal data covering Gulfstream American
designed optional equipment installed in the airplane.
Section 1 provides basic data and information of general interest to the pilot, to
assist him in loading, shelteiing, handling, and routine preflight checking of the
airplane. Also included in this section are definitions and explanations of the
symbols, abbreviations and terminology used in this handbook.
NOTE
Unless otherwise noted, all performance and operational data in this
book are based on sea level, standard
day, and airplane gross weight conditions.
DESCRIPTIVE DATA
ENGINE
Number of Eng'ines:
Manufacturer: Avco Lycoming
Model Number: 0-32D-E2G
Type: Normally-aspIrated, direct-drive, air-cooled, horizontally-opposed,
carburetor equipped, four-cylinder engine with 319.8 cubic inch
displacement:
Horsepower Rating and Engine Speed: 150 HP at 2700 RPM
PROPELLER
Manufacturer: McCauley
Model Number: 1C 172/BTM7359
Diameter: 73 inches
Type: Fixed Pitch
Revised: February 15, 1979
1-3
I
GULFSTREAM AMERICAf\
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAF
SECTION 1
GENERAL
)
FUEL
CAUTION
UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES
SHOULD FUEL OF A LOWER OC·
TANE RATING THAN THAT SPECI·
FlED BELOW, OR AUTOMOTIVE
FUEL (REGARDLESS OF OCTANEI
BE USED.
Grade (and colod: 80/87 Minimum Grade Aviation Fuel (redl 100 Low Lead
Aviation Fuel (bluel is also approved. Refer 10 the latest revision of Lycoming
Service Instruction No. 1070 for further information concerning fuels.
Capacity at an ambient temperature of 70'F (21°CI:
Standard Tanks:
Total: 38 U.S. Gallons (31~6 Imperial Gallonsl (143.8 Litersl
Each Tank: 19 U.S. Gallons (15.8 Imperial Gallonsl (71.9 Litersl
Total Usable: 37 U.S. Gallons (30.8 Imperial Gallons) (140 Liters)
)
Optional Long Range Tanks
I
Total: 52.6 U.S. Gallons (43.8 Imperial Gallons) (199.0 Liters)
Each Tank: 26.3 U.S. Gallons (21.9 Imperial Gallonsl (99.5 Liters)
Total Usable: 51 U.S. Gallons (42.5 Imperial Gallons) (193 Liters)
OIL
Grade (Specification):
Aviation Grade Straight Mineral Oil MIL·L·6b82 (Figure 1·2) shall be used to
replenish oil supply during the first 25 hours of operation and at the first
25·hour oil change. Continue to use this grade of oil for a minimum of first
50 hours of or until oil consumption has stabilized.
NOTE
The airplane is delivered from the fac·
tory' with corrosinn preventive airplane
I!~:qine oil. This oil should be drained
after tile first 25 hours of engine opera·
tion.
MI L·L·22851 (Figure 1·2) Ashless Dispersant Oil: This specification oil shall
bl:: used after the rirst 50 hours of engine operation.
1·4
Revised: December 15,'''-971''
)
SECTION 1
GENERAL
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
TRADE NAME
MANUFACTURER
MIL-G-21164 GREASE (Note 1)
Aeroshell Grease 17 .
Braycote 664
PED 3350 Grease
Royco 64 Grease
TG-4727 Grease
Shell Oil Company
Bray Oil Company
Standard Oil Company
Royal Luhricants Company
Texaco Inc.
MIL-G-6711 GRAPHITE (Note 1)
Graphite
Graphite
Graphite
Dixon Company
Electrofilm Company
Electro-Graph Company
MIL·H-5606 HYDRAULIC FLUID (Note 1)
3125 HVD Oil
Brayco Micronic 756C
PE D-3337, -3335
Royco 756A & B
XSL 7828
YT-283
Humblt:! Oil & Refining Company
Bray Oil Company
Standard Oil Company
Royal Lubricants Company
Shell Oil Company
Union Carbide
VV-P-236 PETROLATUM (Note 1)
Braycote 236
Parmo 70
Royco 1 R
Bray Oil Company
Humble Oil & Refining Company
Royal Lubricants Company
MIL-L-7870 OIL (Note 1)
Brayco 363
Cosmolube 263
Enco Instrument Oil
Low TelllpcrClture Oil 1692
Royco 363
Bray Oil Company
E. F. Houghton Company
Humble Oil & Refinin[l Comrany
Texaco Inc.
Royal Lubricants Company
Figure 1-2 Lubricants (Page 1 of 3)
Issued: January 15, 1977
1-5
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 1
GENERAL
TRADE NAME
. MANUFACTURER
)
MIL·G-2576(l GREASE (Note 1)
~
-----
.
Aeroshell Grease 16
Braycote 6605
Royco 60R
Supermil ASU No. 06752
TG-4971 Grease
Shell oii Company
Bray Oil Company
Royal Lubricants Company
American Oil Company
Texaco Inc.
MIL-:G·7711 GnEASE (Note 1)
Shell Oil Company
Texaco Inc.
Aeroshell No.6
Regal AFB 2
MIL·L·6082 STRAIGHT MINERAL OIL - ENGINE (Nl)tes 1 and 2)
-_._--
Aeroshell Oil 65
Aeroshell Oil 100
Chevron Aviation Oil 65
Grade 1100
Avrex 101/1065
Avrex 101/1100
Conoco Aero Oil 1065
Conoco Aero Oil 1100
Grade 1065
Grade 1100
Shell Oil Company
Shell Oil Company
Chevron Oil Company
Chevron Oil Company
Mobil Oil Company
Mobil 011 Company
Continental Oil Company
Continental Oil Company
Champion Oil & Refining Company
Champion Oil & Refining Company
)
MIL·L·22851 ASHLESS DISPERSANT OIL ... ENGINE (Notes 1 and 2)
Aeroshell W 120
Aeroshell
Chevron Aero Oil Grade 120
RT-451
RM-173E
wao
Shell oil Company
Shell Oil Company
Standard Oil Company
Mobil Oil Company
Mobil Oil Company
Figure 1·2. Lubricants (Page 2 of 3)
)
1·6
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
M.QJ;l.EL AA·5A CHEETAH
TRADE NAME
SECTION 1
GENERAL
MANUFACTURER
MIL·L·22851 ASHLESS DISP-ERSANT OIL - ENGINE (Notes 1 and 2) (Cont.)
RM·180E
TX·6309
Premium AD 120
Premium AD 80
Oi1E·120
Oil A·l00
Oil E·80
Mobil Oil Company
Texaco Inc.
Texaco Inc.
Texaco Inc.
Exxon Company
Exxon Company
Exxon Company
Note 1: The vendor products listed in this chart have been selected as
representative of the specification under which they appear. Other
equivalent products' conforming to the same specifications may be used.
Note 2: Oils conforming to the latest revision of Lycoming Service Instruction
No. 1014 may be u~l:!d.
Figure 1·2 Lubricants (Page 3 of 3)
Issued: January 15, 1977
1·7
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 1
GENERAL
'Recommended Viscosity:
Average Ambient Air
Temperature
Above 60"F (16°C)
30"F (-l°C) to 90"F (32"C)
O"F (-l8"C) to 70"F (21 DC)
Below 1O"F (-l2"C)
)
Ashlesl Dispersant
. Mineral Grade
SAE
SAE
SAE
SAE
50
40
30
20
SAE 40 or SAE 50
SAE 40
SAE 40 or SAE 20W-30
SAE 20W-30
'. Refer to latest revision of Lycoming Service Instruction No_ 1014 for further
information_
Oil Capacity
Sump: B U.S. Quarts (6.66 Imperial Quarts) i7.57 Liters)
Minimum Safe Quantity in Sump: 2 U.S. QUarts (1.67 Imperial Quarts)
(1.89 Liters)
It is recommended that lubricating oil be changed at least every 50 hours of
.engine operation.
)
MAXIMUM CERTIFICATED WEIGHTS
Takeoff:
Normal Category:
Utility Category:
2200 pounds
1850 pounds
CAUTION
THE REAR SEATS SHALL NOT BE
OCCUPI E D DURING FLIGHT IN
UTILITY CATEGORY OPERATIONS.
Landing:
Normal Category:
Utility Category:
2200 pounds
1850 pounds
We'ght in Baggage Compartment, Normal Category: 120 pounds maximum allowable If C.g. is within Center of Gravity Envelope (Figure 6-5l. Refer to Section 6
for cilrgo loading in~tructions.
Weight in Baggage Compartment, Utility Category: IN THIS CATEGORY THE
BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT AND REAR SEATS SHALL NOT BE OCCUPIED.
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
;,. MODEL AA·5A CHEETA!"I
SECTION 1
GENERAL
STANDARD AIRPLANE WEIGHTS
NOTE
Actu,,1 weights for each airplane will
vary,according to installed equipment.
Refer to weight and balance data supplied with the particular airplane for
specific data for that airplane.
Standard Empty Weight: 1286 Ibs.
Maximum Useful Load: t-lormal Category: 9141bs.
Utility Category: 5541bs.
CABIN AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS
Detailed dimensions of the cabin interior and canopy opening are provided in
Section 6.
'
BAGGAGE SPACE AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS
Baggage area and access dimensions are provided in Section 5.
SPECI FIC LOADINGS
Wing Loading:
Power Loading:
15.7 pounds per square foot
14.7 pounds per B.H.P.
SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY
GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY AND SYMBOLS
KCAS
Knots Calibrated Airspeed is indicated airspeed corrected fOI
position and instrument error and expressed in knots. Knotl
calibra~~d airspeed is equal to KTAS in standard atmosphere at
sea lev~1.
KIAS
Knots Indicated Airspeed is the speed shown on the outer scalE
of the ~irspeed indicator and expressed in knots.
KTAS
Knots True Airspeed is the airspeed expressed in knots relativ!
to undisturbed air which is KCAS corrected for altitude am '
temperature.
Issued: January 15, 1977
1-[
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 1
GENERAL
Maneuvl!ring Speed is the maximum speed at which application
of full <lvailable control will not overstress the airplane.
VFE
103
Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permissible
at which wing flaps can be extended.
VNO
la9
Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should
not be exceeded except in smooth air. then only with caution.
vNE
/(,1
Never Exceed Speed is the speed limit that may not be exceeded ilt any time.
Vs
5:5
Stalling Speed (Clean) is the minimum steady flight speed at
which the airplane is controllable_
53
Stalling Speed (Landing) is the minimum steady flight speed at
which the airplane is controllable in the landing configuration.
Vs
0
6S
Vx
Vy
19
)
Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the speed which results in the
greatest gain of altitude in a given liorizontal distance.
Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the . speed which results in the
greatest gain in altitude in a given time_
)
METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY
OAT
Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature. It is
expressed in either degrees Celsius (Centigrade) or degrees
Fahrenheit.
Standard
Temperature
Standard Temperature is 15°C (~9°F) at sea level pressure
altitude and decreases by 2°C (4~F) for each 1000 feet of
altitude.
Pressure
Altitude
Pressure Altitude is the altitude read from an altimeter when
the barometric subscale has been set to 29.92 inches of mercury
(1013 mb).
ENGINE POWER TERMINOLOGY
BHP
Brake Horsepower is the power developed by the engine.
RPM
Revolutions Per Minute is engine speed (number of revolutions
engine turns per minute).
.
1-10
Issued: January 15. 1917
')
GULF~TREAM AMERICAN
" MobEt'AA.5A CHEETAH
SECTION 1
GENERAL
AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT PLANNING TERMINOLOGY
Demonstrated
Crosswind
Velocity
Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity is the velocity of the
crosswind component for which adequate control of the
airplane during takeoff and landing was actually demonstratef;!
during certification tests.
Usable Fuel
Usable Fuel is the fuel available for flight.
Unusable Fuel
Unusable Fuel is the quantity of fuel that cannot be used in
flight.
GPH
Gallons Per HO!lr is the amount of fuel (in gallons) consumed
per hour.
g
9 is a unit of accehiration equivalent to that produced by the
force of gravity.:
WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY
Reference
Datum
Reference Datum is an imaginary vertical plane from which all
horizontal distances are measured for balance purposes.
Station
Station is a location along the airplane longitudinal axis given in
terms of the distance from the reference datum .
.;
Arm
Arm is the horizontal distance from the reference datum to the
center of gravity (c.g.) of an item.
Moment
Moment is the product of the weight of an item multiplied by
its arm. (Mom!!nt divided by the constant 1000 is used in this
Handbook to ~implify balance calculations by reducing the
number of digits.)
Center of
Gravity (e.g.!
Center of Gra~ity is the point at which an airplane would
balance if susPllnded. Its distance from the reference datum is
found by dividirg the total moment by the total weight of the
airplane.
i c.g. Arm
Center of Gravity Arm is the arm obtained by adding the
airplane's individual moment and dividing the sum by the total
weight..
.
Issued: January 15, 1977
1·11
SECTION 1
GENERAL
GULFSTREAM AMERICAI'
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAI-
c.g. Limits
Center of Gravity Limits are the extreme center of gravit,
locations within which the airplane can be operated at a givel
weight.
Standard
Empty Weight
Standard Empty Weight is the weight of a standard airplane,
including unusable fuel, full operating fluids and full engine oil.
Basic Empty
Weight
Basic Empty Weight is the standard empty weight plus the
weight of optional equipm~nt.
Useful Load
Useful Load is the difference between maximum gross weight
and the basic empty weight.
Gross
Weight
).
Gross Weight is the maximum weight to which the airplane is
certificated.
Maximum
Takeoff
Weight
Maximum Takeoff Weight is the maximum weight approved for
the start of the takeoff run.
Maximum
Landing
Weight
Maximum Landing Weight is the maximum weight approved h
the landing touchdown.
Tare
Tare is the weight of cho~ks, blocks, stands, etc., used when
weighing an airplane, and is included in the scale readings. Tare
is deducted from the scale reading to obtain the actual (netl
airplane weight.
)
)
1·12
Issued: Janua(~tl'5.
19, ,
/
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MQJ}.E L AA-5A CHEET AH
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . . . . .
Airspeed Limitations
Airspeed I ndicator Mark ings
Power Plant Limitations . .
Power Plant Instrument Markings
Weight Limits . . . . . .
Center of Gravity Limits
Maneuver Limits . . . . .
Flight Load Factor Limits
Fuel Limitations
.
Placards . . . . . . . . .
Issued: January 15, 1977
.2-3
.2-4
.2·4
.2-5
.2-5
.2-6
.2·6
.2,7
.2-8
.2·8
.2-9
2-1/(2-2 blank)
)
)
)
.'
~
}...,
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
"",,,M,PDEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
INTRODUCTION
I
I
This section presents the operating limitations, instrument markings, and basic
placarding necessary for the safe operation of the airplane, its engine, standard
systems and standard equipment. iNhere the significance of an operating limita·
tion, marking or placard is not obvious, an explanation is prese.nted. Limitations
associated with Gulfstreani Americ~n designed optional equipment are contained
in Section 9.
,
The Gulfstream American Model AA·5A is certificated under FAA Type Certificate No. A 16EA.
'
The airplane is equipped for day VF R (with standard equipment) and may be
equipped for night VFR and/or IFR operations. FAR Part 91 establishes the
minimum required instruments and equipment for these operations. The reference
to types of flight operations on the operating limitations placard reflects equip·
ment installed at the time the Airworthiness Certificate was issued.
THIS AIRPLANE IS NOT!WPROVED FOR FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS.
Revised: February 15, 1979
2·3
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS
Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown in. Figure 2·1.
KCAS KIAS
(MPH) (IYIPH)
CAS) lAS)
SPEED
REMARKS
V NE
Never Exceed Speed
165
(190)
164 Do Not exceed this speed
(189) in any operation.
V NO
Maximum Structural Cruising
Speed
130
(150)
129 Do not exceed this speed
(149) except in smooth air, and
then only with caution.
VA
Maneuvering Speed
106
(122)
105 Do not make full or abrupt
(121) control movements above
this speed.
V FE
Maximum Flap Extended Speed
104
(120)
103 Do not exceed this speed
( 119) with flaps extended.
Maximum Canopy Open Speed
113
(130)
112 Do not exceed this speed
(129) with canorY open.
Figure 2·1. Airspeed LimitatIOns
)
AIRSPEED IND!CATOR MARKINGS
Airspeed indicator markings and their color code significance are shown in Figure
2·2.
KCAS
MARKING (MPH CAS)
SIGNIFICANCE
VALUE
OR RANGE
White Arc
53·104
Flap Operating Range. Lower limit is maximum weight
(61·120) Vso in landing configuration. Upper limit is
maximum speed permissible with flaps extended.
J:J.9
Green Arc
55·150
(63·150)
Normal Operating Range. Lower limit is maximum weight
Vs with flaps retracted. Upper limit is maximum struc·
tural cruising speed.
Yellow Arc'
130·165
(150·190)
Operations must be conducted with caution arid only in
smooth air.
Red Line
V}le
165
(190)
Maximum speed for any operations.
Figure 2·2. Airspeed Indicator Markings
2·4
)
Issued: January
1~~Hj71
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
POWER PLANT LIMITATIONS
Engine Manulacturer: Avco Lycoming.
L
Engine Model
Num~er:
0-320-E2G
Engine Operating Limits lor Takeoff and Continuous Operations:
Maximum Power: 150BHP
Maximum Engine Speed: 2700 RPM
Maximum 011 Temperature: 245 DF (118DC)
011 Pressure Minimum (Idling): 25 PSI
Maximum: 100 PSI
Normal Range: 60 to JM) PSI
Fuel Pressure, Minimum: 1).5 PSI
Maximum: 8 PSI
Propeller Manufacturer: McCauley
Propeller Model Number: 1C1721 BTM 7359
Propeller Diameter, Maximum: 73 Inches.
POWER PLANT INSTRUM~NT MARKINGS
Power plant Instrument markings and their color code slgnillcance are shown In Figure
2-3.
.
RED LINE
GREEN ARC
RED LINE
MINIMUM
LIMIT
NORMAL
OPERATING
MAXIMUM
LIMIT
-
2200-2700 RPM
2700 RPM
75DF-245 DF
(24DC-118 DC)
245 DF
(118 DC)
Fuel Pressure
0.5 PSI
0.5-8 PSI
8 PSI
011 Pressure
25 PSI"
60-90 PSI
100 PSI""
INSTRUMENT
Tachometer
011 Temperature
"Idling
""Start and warm-up
Figure 2·3. Power Plant Instrument Markings
Issued: January 15, 1977
2-5
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
MODEL AA·SA CHEETAH
WEIGHT LIMITS
Nonnal Category
Maximum Takeoff Weight: 2200 Ibs.
Maximum Landing Weight: 2200 Ibs.
Weight In Baggage Compartment, Normal Category: 120 pounds maximum allowable
If C.G. Is within center of gravity envelope (Figure 6-S). Refer to Section 6 for cargo
loading Instructions.
.
Ullllty Category
Maximum Takeoff Weight: 1850 Ibs.
Maximum Landing Weight: 18S0 Ibs.
Maximum Weight In Baggage Compartment: In the Utility Category, the baggage com·
partment and rear seat must not be occupied.
CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMITS
Nonnal Category
Center of Gravity Range:
Forward: 81.0 Inches aft of datum at 1780 Ibs. or less, with a straight line varialion to 85.6 Inches aft of datum .at 2200 Ibs.
Aft: 92.S Inches aft of reference datum at all weights up to 2200 Ibs.
a Reference Datum: Located SO.O Inches forward of the lower front face of the firewall.
Utility. Category
Center of Gravity Range:
Forward: 81.0 Inches aft of datum at 1780 Ibs. or lelJs, with a straight line varialion to 81.8 Inches aft of datum at 1850 Ibs.
Aft: 86.0 Inches aft reference of datum at all weights up to 1850 Ibs.
I
Referellce Datum: Located SO.O Inches .forward of the lower front face of the firewall.
2·6
Revised: March 2, 1988
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MQPI=L AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
MANEUVER LIMITS
NORMAL CATEGORY
This airplane is certificated in both the normal and utility category. The normal
category is applicable to airi:raft intended for non·aerobatic operations. These
include any maneuvers incide"ntal to normal flying, stalls (except whip stalls) and
turns in which the angle of bank is not more than 60".
"
Maximum Design Weight" .
Design Maneuvering SpeeJ1
. . . . . . . . 2200 Ibs.
• 106 KCAS (122 MPH)
The AA·5A is approved for the following normal category maneuvers: Lazy
eights, chandelles, and steep turns in which the angle of bank is not more than
60".
UTILITY CATEGORY
This airplane is not designe~ for aerobatic flight. However, in the acquisition of
various certificates such as commercial pilot, instrument pilot and flight
instructor, certain maneuvers are required by the FAA. All of these maneuvers
except spins, are ~ermitted in this airJ;llane when operated in the Utility Category.
Maximum Design Weight.
. . . . . . . . 1850 Ibs.
Design Maneuvering Spe~d . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 106 KCAS (122 MPH)
In the Utility Category, the baggage compartment and rear seat must not be
occupied. No aerobatic manel.Jvers are approved except those listed below:
Maneuver
Chandelles
Lazy Eigh~s
•.
Steep Tlirns
Stalls (Ex"cept Whip Stalls)
Spins Prohibited
Recommended Entry Speed.106 KCAS (122 MPH)
.106 KCAS (122 MPH)
. 106 KCAS (122 MPH)
• Slow Deceleration
• Abrupt use of the controls i~ prohibited above 106 KCAS (122 MPH).
Issued: January 15.1977
2·7
SECTION 2
LIMIT ATIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
The important thing to remember in flight maneuvers is that the airplane is clean
in aerodynamic design and will build up speed quickly with the nose down. Since
proper speed control is essential for execution of any maneuver, care should
always be exercised to avoid excessive -lJeed and its resultant heavy airframe
loads. In the execution of all maneuvers, avoid abrupt use of controls.
)
.
As noted, SPINS ARE PROHIBITED. In case of fin inadvertent spin, recovery is
effected by reducing throttle to idle, neutralizing:the aileron, applying full rudder
opposite to the spin rotation, and applying full down elevator simultaneously
with rudder application. The controls should be. applied briskly and held until
rotation stops. As the rotation stops, neutralize the anti· spin rudder, then apply
s~ooth elevator back pressure to bring the nose up to level flight.
FLIGHT LOAD FACTOR LIMITS
NORMAL CATEGORY
Flight Load Factors (Gross Weight - 2200 Ibs.)
Flaps Up . . . . .
Flaps Down
+3.8g, -1.52g
. . . . . +3.5g
)
UTILITY CATEGORY
Flight Load Factors (Gross Weight - 1850Ibs.)
Flaps Up . .
Flaps Down
+4.4g, -1.76g
. . . . . +3.5g
FUEL LIMITATIONS
Standard Tanks
2 Tanks: 19 U.S. Gallons each (15.8 Imperial Gallons) (71.9 Liters)
Total Fuel: 38 U.S. Gallons (31.6 Imperial Gallons) (143.8 Liters)
Usable Fuel (all flight conditions): 37 U.S. Gallons (30.8 Imperial Gallons)
(140 Liters)
Unusable Fuel: 1.0 U.S. Gallon (.8 Imperial Gallon) (3.79 Liters)
Optional Long Range Tanks
2 Tanks: 26.3 U.S. Gallons (21.9 Imperial Gallons) (99.5 Liters)
Total Fuel: 52.6 U.S. Gallo.ns (43.8 Imperial Gallons) (199.1 Liters)
Usable Fuel (all flight conditions): 51 U.S. Gallons (42.5 Imperial Gallons)
(193 Liters)
Unusable Fuel: 1.6 U.S. Gallons (1.3 Imperial Gallons) (6.1 Liters)
Issued: January 15, ,1977, .
2·8
. ')
.
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
"'i;,~~~ODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTI,QN 2
LIMITATIONS
PLACARDS
The following information is displayed in the form of composite or individual
placards:
(11
I n full view of the pilot:
THIS AIRPLANE MUST BE OPERATED AS A NORMAL OR UTILITY
CATEGORY AIRPLANE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE OPERATING
LIMITATIONS STATED IN THE 'FORM OF PLACARDS, MARKINGS
AND MANUALS.
'
.
NORMAL CATEGORY.
MAXIMUM DESIGN WEIGHT _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2200 LBS
DESIGN MANEUVERING SPEEQ VA _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 106 KNOTS CAS
FLIGHT LOAD FACTORS.
'
FLAPS UP _ _ _ _ +3.8, -1.5~
FLAPS DOWN _ _ _ _ _ _ _ +3.5
NO. ACROBATIC MANEUVERS, INCLUDING SPINS, APPROVED.
UTILITY CATEGORY.
MAXIMUM DESIGN WEIGHT _' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1850 LBS
DESIGN MANEUVERING SPEED VA _ _ - ' _ _ _ _ _ 106 KNOTS CAS
FLIGHT LOAD FACTORS.
.;
FLAPS UP _ _ _ _+4.4, -1.76
FLAPS DOWN _ _ _ _ _ _ +3.5
REAR SEAT MUST NOT BE OCCUPIED
ACROBATIC MANEUVERS ARE LIMITED TO THE FOLLOWING,
MANEUyER
ENTRY SPEED - CAS
CHANDELLES _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 106 KNOTS
LAZY EIGHTS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 106 KNOTS
STEEP TURNS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -.: _ _ _ _ 106 KNOTS
STALLS (EXCEPT WHIP STALLsI _ _ _ _ _ _ SLOW DECELERATION
SPINS PROHIBITED
MAXIMUM ALTITUDE LOSS IN STALL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 350 FEET
DEMONSTRATED CROSSWIND VELOCITY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 KNOTS
THIS AIRPLANE NOT APPROVED FOR FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS.
THIS AIRPLANE IS CERTIFIED FOR THE FOLLOWING' OPERATIONS,
IFR VFR DAY NIGHT WHEN PROPERLY EQUIPPED PER FAR 91
:I~';SR TO WEIGHT AND BA~!'ICE DATA FOR LOAOING INSTRUCREAO FUEL GAUGES IN LEVEl- FLIGHT ONLY
FOR NORMAL OPERATION -.II1AINTAIN FUEL BALANCE
AA-5A
5803007-103
(2)
On control gust lock:
~~~~----~~~~~--~----~
CONTROL
lOC~
REMOVE BEFOHE STAR TIN,? ENGINE
Revised: December 15, 1977
2-9
SECTION 2
LI MIT A TIONS
(31
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
On fuel selector valve:
fI-I ~ . rllr
D~[~~l
~'IGJ
Standard Tanks
Optional Long Range Tanks
n
I 18.5
LEFT FUEa:- '>"" /' RIGHT FUel
U.S. GAl. ,,©/' 18.5 U.S. GAl.
I
(4)
LE~~ :~~
25.5 U.S. GAl.
/
)
Left side of instrument panel
FOR FLIGHT WITH REAR SEAT
OCCUPANTS AND'OR BAGGAGECARGO. CHECK WEIGHT & BALANCE'
(5)
AIt of fuel tank caps:
Standard Tank,
I
Optional Long Range Tanks
FUEL
FUEL
MIN 80/87 OCT.
19.0 U.S. GAL CAP.
(6)
MIN 80/87 OCT.
26.3 U.S. GAL. TOTAL CAP.
19.0 U.S. GAL. TO TAB
On instrument panel (if strobe lights are instalied).
- - - - - ... -
.. -~
, TURN OFF STROBE IN CLOUD. FOG
. OR HAZE TAXI WITH STROBE OFF
~------."."." --""---_._-
)
2·10
Revised: December 15,1977
". "J..
GULFST REAM AMERICAN
MQ.9EL AA·5A CHEETAH
(7)
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
On instrument panel:
rAUTlON: FLASHING BEACON IN CLOUOS
MAY CAUSE VISUAL DISORIENTATION
..
t.
---~
(8)
..
Adjacent to canopy latch:
-_......FLAG
---------,
INDICATES
•
UNLATCHED CANOPY
I
(9)
In baggage compartment:
120 POUNDS MAXIMUM BAGGAGE
FOR ADDITIONAL LOADING
INSTRUCTIONS SEE WEIGHT AND
BALANCE DATA
NO HEAVY OBJECTS ON HAT SHELF
Under rear seat base:
On rear seat base:
NO PASSENGERS
340 POUNDS MAXIMUM CARGO
OISTRIBUTE EVENL Y
FOR ADDITIONAL LOADING
INSTRUCTIONS SEE WEIGHT AND
BALANCE DA r A AND PIl.OTS
OPERA IINO HANDBOOK
I
NO STEp·
BEFORE FLIGHT
SEAT BACK MUST BE
TURNED DOWN TO COVER
THIS
L....--_. _
_ _ AREA
. _ . _ _ __
(10)
Inside canopy rail, lelt side:
I
(11)
Interior of canopy adjacent to lock:
---
I
PUSH
TO
UNLOCK
Revised: December 15, 1977
2·11
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 2
LIMITATIONS
(12) 011 winH uuler ribs (if strohe li!Jhts
ilrt!
installed):
WARNING
-HIGHVOLTAGE
WAIT 5 MINUTES AFTER
SHUTTING OFF BEFORE STARTING
ANY WORK ON THIS UNIT
l
-CAUTlONTHIS UNIT Pul ARITY SENSITIVE
WHITE OR RED LEAD POSITIVE
~LACK LE~D A~D
on
C~E.NEGATIVE
(13) Adjacent to auxiliary powe'r plug (if installed):
CAUTION: 12 VOL T
D.C. ONl Y. MASTER
SW. MUST BE OFF
)
(14) On baggage door:
I
TO OPEN DOOR FROM INSIDE,
SLIDE HANDLE FORWARD .....
(15) On glove box door:
I
TIRE PRESSURE
NOSE
21 LBS
MAIN
24 LBS
2·12
Revised: December 15, 1971
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
"MQPEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
'SECTION 3
EMERG~NCV PROCEDURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Airspeeds For Safe Operations (lAS) . . . . . . . . . .
.3·3
.3·3
OPEflATIONAL CHECKLISTS
Engine Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine Failure During Takeoff Run . . . .
Engine Failure Immediat~ly After Takeoff
Engine Failure During Flight . . . . . . .
Forced Landings . . . . . .:.. . . . . . . . . .
Emergency Landing Without Engine Power
Precautionary Landing With Engine Power
Ditching . . . . . . . .
Fires . . . . . . . . . . . .
During Start On Ground
Engine Fire In Flight
Electrical Fire In Flight
Cabin Fire . . . . . . .
Wing Fire . . . . . . .
Icing . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inadvertent Icing Encounter.
Landing With a Flat Main Tire ..
Landing With a Flat Nosewh~~1 Tire .'
Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions .
Ammeter Shows Discharge
., .,
Issued: January 15, 1977
.3·3
.3·3
.3·3
.3·4
. ~·4
.3·4
.3·4
.3·5
.3·5
.3·5
.3·6
. 3·fi
.3·6
.3.7
.3·7
.3·7
,3·B
.3·B
.3:B
.3·B
3·1
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
\
)
AMPLIFIED PROCEDURES
Engine Failures
Forced Landings
Ground Fires
In·Flight Engine Fires
In·Flight Electrical Fires
Emergency Operation in Clouds
Vacuum System Failure . .
Executing a 180 Turn in Clouds
Emergency Descent Through Clouds
Recovery From a Spiral Dive
Flight In Icing Conditions
Static Source Blocked . . . .
Spins . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rough Engine Operation Or Loss Of Power
Carburetor Icing . . .
Spark Plug Fouling . . . . . . . .
Magneto Malfunction . . . . . . .
Low Oil Pressure/Engine Overheat
Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions
Overvoltage Protection
Insufficient Output
Brake Failure
Windshield Obscuration
0
3·2
.3·9
3·10
3·10
3·11
3·11
3·12
3·12
3·12
3·13
3·13
3·14
3·15
3·15
3·16
3·16
3·16
3·16
3·17
3·17
3·18
3·18
3·18
3·18
Issued: January 15, 1977
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
.,M.QDEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
INTRODUCTION
This section provides the pilot with checklists and amplified procedures that
enable him to cope with emergencies that may be encountered in operating the
airplane. I f proper preflight inspections, operating procedures, and maintenance
practices are used, emergencies due to airplane or engine malfunction should be
rare. Likewise, careful fli96t planning and good pilot judgement can minimize
enroute weather emergencies. However, should any emergency develop, the guidelines in this section should be considered and applied as necessary to correct the
problem.
AIRSPEEDS FOR SAFE OPERATIONS (lAS)
Engine Failure Alter Takeoff
Maneuvering Speed . . . . . .
Maximum Glide . . . . . . .
,Precautionary Landing With Engine Power
Landing Without Engine Power
.. 65 KIAS (75
105 KIAS (121
.72 KIAS (83
.65 KIAS (75
.65 KIAS (75
MPH)
MPH)
MPH)
MPH)
MPH)
OPERATIONAL CHECKLISTS
ENGINE FAILURES
Engine Failure During Takeoff Run
(1) Throttle - IDLE.
(2) 8rakes - APPLY.
(3) Mixture - IDLE CUT-OFF.
(4) Ignition Switch - OFF.
(5) Master - OFF.
Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff
(1) Airspeed - 65 t070 KIAS (75 to 80 MPH)
(2) Mixture - IDLE CUT-OFF.
(3) Fuel Selector Valve - OFF.
(4) Ignition Switch - OF F.
(5) Master Switch - OFF.
Issued: January 15, 1977
3,3
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SI;CTlON 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Engine Failure Dllring Flight
)
(1) Airspeed - 72 KIAS (83 MPH).
(2) Carburetor Heat - ON.
(31 Fuel Selector Valve - SWITCH TANKS.
(4) Mixture - RICH.
(5) Master Switch - ON
(6) AuxiliaryFuel Pump- ON
(7) Throttle - OPEN 1/4 inch.
(8) Ignition Switch - BOTH
(9) Primer - IN and LOCKED.
(10) Starter - PR ESS if propeller is stopped.
NOTE
Gliding distance is approximately 1:7
nautical miles (2 statute miles) for each
1000 feet of altitude above terrain.
FORCED LANDINGS
)
E!T1ergency Landing Without Engin.e Power
(1) Airspeed - 65 KIAS (75 MPH)
(2) Radio - TRANSMIT MAYDAY on 121.5 MHz giving location and
intentions.
(3) Mixture - IDLE CUT·OFF.
(4) Fuel Selector Valve - OFF.
(5) Ignition Switch - OFF
(6) Wing Flaps - AS REQUIRED.
(7) Master Switch - OF F.
(8) Canopy - UNLATCH PRIOR TO TOUCHDOWN
(9) Touchdown - SLIGHTLY NOSE HIGH.
(10) Brakes - AS REQUIRED
Precautionary landing With Engine Power
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Airspeed - 65 KIAS (75 MPH)
Radio - Advise ATC of intentions.
Wing Flaps - AS REQUIRED
Select Field - FLY OVE R, noting terrain and obstructions, then reo
tract flaps upon reaching a safe altitude and airspeed.
(5) Radio and Electrical Switches - OF F
(6) Wing Flaps - ON (on final approach).
3-4
Issued: January 15, 1971
.. )
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
.~~9EL AA·5A CHEETAH
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Airspeed - 65 KIA$ (75 MPH)
Master Switch - Of, F.
Canopy - UNLATCH PRIOR TO TOUCHDOWN.
Touchdown - SLIGHTLY NOSE HIGH.
Ignition Switch - OF F
Brakes - AS REQI;JIRED.
Ditching
(1) Radio -
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
TRANSMIT MAYDAY ON 121.5 MHz, giving location
and intentions (if electrical power is available).
Heavy Objects - S~CURE
Flaps - DN .
.
Approach Hig!J Winds, Heavy Seas· INTO THE WIND.
Light Winds, Heavy Swells - PARALLEL TO SWELLS.
Power - ESTABLISH 350 FT/MIN DESCENT at 65 KIAS (75 MPH)
Canopy - FULL Y OPEN
Touchdown - NOSE HIGH ATTITUDE AT MINIMUM DESCENT
RATE AND AIRSPEED
Face - CUSHION <;It touchdown with folded coat or seat cushion
Airplane - E VAClIATE through canopy
Life Vests and Raft - INFLATE
FIRES
During Start On Ground
(1) Cranking - CONTI NUE to get a start which would suck the flames and
accumulated fuel through the carburetor and into the engine.
I f engine starts:
(2) Power - 1800 RPM for a few minutes .
. (3) Engine - SHUTDOWN and inspect for damage.
a.
Fuel Selector;" OF F
b.
Master Switch:- OF F.
c.
Ignition Switc~ OF F.
I I engine lails to start:
(4) Evacuate passengers.
(5) Engine - SECURE,
a.
Mixture - IDLE CUTOFF.
Revised: July 15,1978
3·5
I
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
b.
Master Switch - OFF.
Ignition Switch - OFF.
c.
d.
Fuel Selector Valve - OFF.
(6) Fire - EXTINGUISH using fire extinguisher, seat cushion, wool
blanket, or dirt.
)
Engine Fire in Flight
Mixture - IDLE CUTOF F
Fuel Selector Valve - OFF
Master Switch'- OFF
Cabin Heat and Air - OFF
'
Airspeed - 105 KIAS (121 MPH) If fire is not extinguished, increase
glide speed to attempt to blow the fire out.
(6) For~ed Landing
EXECUTE (as described in Landing Without Engine
Powed.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Electrical Fire in Flight
If fire is in engine compartment:
)
(1) Master Switch - OF F.
(2) Vents/Cabin Air/Heat - OFF/CLOSED
(3) Land airplane as soon as possible
If fire is in cockpit:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Master Switch - OF F
All Other Switches (except ignition switch) - OFF
Vents/Cabin Air/Heat - CLOSED
'.
Fire Extinguisher - ACTIVATE lif available)
If fire appears to be out Lind electrical power is necessary to continue flight:
(5) Master Switch - ON
"
(6) Circuit Breakers - CHECK for faulty circuit, do not reset.
(7) Radio/Electrical Switches - ON one at a time, with delay after each
until short circuit is located.
(8) Vents/Cabin Air/Heat - OPEN when fire is out.
Cabin Fire
)
(1) Master Switch - OF F
(2) Vents/Cabin Air/Heat - CLOSED
3·6
11~,":':;," ,
Issued: January 1'5, '1917
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
M~EL
(3) Fire Extinguisher
~ACTIVATE
(if available)
WARNING
AFTER ,DISCHARGING AN EXTINGUISHER WITHIN A CLOSED
CABIN, yENTlLATE THE CABIN.
(4) Land the airplane a§ soon aspossible to inspect for damage.
Wing Fire
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Navigation Light Switch - OF F
Pitot Heat Switch (if installed) - OFF
Strobe Light Switch (if installed) - OFF
Land as soon as po~sible.
ICING
Inadvertent Icing Encounter
(1) Pitot Heat Switch - ON (if installed)
(2) Carburetor Heat - ON as r!!quired
IIJOTE
Continuous engine operation with carburetor . heat on is not recommended
due to the decrease in engine efficiency.
If severe icing conditions require extended use of c;lrburetor heat the engine mi~ture should be leaned during
use of c~rburetor heat.
(3) Cabin Heat - ON
(4) Defrosters - OPEN
(5) Engine - Increase RPM, (do not exceed red line) and periodically
change RPM to mi'iiimize ice buildup on propeller blades.
(6) Turn back or change altitude to obtain outside air conditions that are
less likely to cause icing.
0) If icing continues plan a landing at the nearest airport. Under extremely
rapid icing conditions select a suitable emergency lancling site.
Issued: January 15, 1977
3·7
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
)
WARNING
WITH AN ICE ACCUMULATION ON
o FI NEAR THE WING LEADING
EDGES A HIGHER STALliNG SPEED
MAY BE EXPECTED_ PLAN ALL MANEUVERS ACCORDINGLY.
(8) Airspeed - II possible increase airspeed and fly at a higher than normal
cruise speed until a landing is begun.
(9) Approach lor landing at a higher airspeed than normal depending on
amount 01 ice accumulation.
(10) Flaps - UP (Do not attempt to extend flaps lor landing)
(11) Land in a slightly nose high attitude.
LANDING WITH A FLAT MAIN TIRE
(1) Wing Flaps - AS DESIRED
(2) Elevator Control -NOSE HIGH
(3) Aileron Control - BANK TOWARD GOOD TIRE.
(4) Touchdown - GOOD TIRE FIRST. hold airplane off flat tire as long as
possible.
'\
)
LANDING WITH A FLAT NOSEWHEEL TIRE
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Wing Flaps - AS DESIRED
Elevator Control - NOSE HIGH
Touchdown - Hold nose gear off runway as long as possible
Brakes - Use brakes cautiously. Allow airplane to roll to a stop if
possible.
ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS
Ammeter Shows Discharge
(1) Alternator Circuit Breaker - Check
NOTE
I f circuit breaker trips. wait 15 seconds
belore resetting it.
.
3·8
Issued: January 16i't!J17
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
"""~"l!f\J10DEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
)
(2) Field Circuit Breaker - Check
(3) If Field Circuit Breaker is tripped, land as soon as practical.
(4) I f Field Circuit ,i3reaker is not tripped, and ammeter continues to show
discharge, set alternator side of master switch to OFF and land as soon
as practical.'
'
AMPLI FlED PROCEDURES
ENGINE FAILURES
If the engine fails during tIle takeoff run, prior to liftoff, the airplane should be
stopped as soon as possible. In cases of partial failure (resulting in loss of power)
the pilot may have the op.lion of continuing the takeoff or aborting it. Obviously
this is a decision that must be made by the pilot in light of existing conditions,
however, an aborted takeoff (if possible) in most cases is the safest approach.
"
The following amplified 'procedures provide items that may assist the pilot in
increasing the safety of the airplane during such situations.
If the engine fails (either completely or partially) it is essential that the nose of
the airplane be lowered promptly so that a safe airspeed can be maintained. At
low altitudes, in most cas!!s, the airplane should be flown straight ahead for a
landing, with only small qirectional changes to avoid obstructions or people on
the ground. Seldom are ttlere either the altitude or airspeed available for a 180"
gliding turn back to the 'runway. The following amplified checklists are based
upon the assumption that,·the pilolwill have adequate time to secure the fuel and
ignition systems prior to touchdown, however, the pilot must keep in mind that
his primary duty is control, of the airplane.
I( the engine fails in flight (complete loss of power) the best glide speed, as shown
in Figure 3·1 should be estilblished as quickly as possible. Once the proper gliding
speed has been established and a glide toward a suitable landing site entered; an
effort should be made to, determi"ne the cause of the engine failure. If there is
sufficient time an engine restart should be attempted per the checklist. Either lack
of time for a restart or failure of the engine to start will necessitate a forced
landing. Obviously a thorough knowledge of the airplane and the appropriate
checklists may give the pilot that slight margin of time necessary to make a restart
rather than a forced landinQ.
Issued: January 15, 197i
3-9
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
1==
W
W
SPEED 72 KNOTS (83 MPH) lAS
PROPELLER WINDMILLING
FLAPS UP ZERO WIND
MAXIMUM GLIDE
Ii.
Z
12000
)
«a:
a:
W
IW'
>
o<II
«
lI
l!l
w
I
5
NAUT. MILES
STAT. MILES
5
10
10
15
GROUND DISTANCE
20
15
20
23
Figure 3.1 Maximum Glide
FORCED LANDINGS
If the engine cannot he' restarted and a forced landing is imminent, select a
suitable landing zone and prepare for a landing as discu~sed in the EME RGENCY
LANDING WITHOUT ENGINE POWER checklist.
If engine power is available and a landing is to be attempted at an area other than
,an airport, the landing area should be observed from a safe but low altitude.
Inspect the terrain for obstructions and surface conditions prior to attempting a
landing. Perform the landing as discussed in the PRECAUTIONARY LANDING
WITH ENGINE POWER checklist.
If ditching is to be attempted heavy objects in the baggage area should be secured.
Folded coats or cushions should be available for occupants to use for face pro·
tection at touchdown. I f there is sufficient time, transmit a Mayday message on
121.5 MHz giving. location and intentions. Perform the ditching as discussed in the
DITCHING checklist.
GROUND FIRES
Ground fires may be caused by over'priming the engine, therefore, proper pro·
cedures will help prevent fires when starting the engine.
3·10
Issued: January 15, 19}7 .
')
-
,,~LFSTREAM
AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH',
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Should a ground fire occur, the following procedures are suggested:
(1) Keep the engine running to ingest the flames into carburetor. Increase
engine RPM to IS00 RPM.
(2) Dispatch ground p~'rsonnel for fire equipment.
(3) When assistance arrives, turn fuel selector valve OFF. Let engine stop
due to fuel starvation. Set Master Switch and Ignition Switch to OFF.
(4) I f no assistance is "available or the fire is beyond control. turn the fuel
selector OFF, mixture IDLE CUTOFF, Master Switch OFF; Ignition
Switch OFF. ABAf'jDON AIRCRAFT.
IN-FLIGHT ENGINE
FIRE~
In·flight engine fires in todily'S modern aircraft are extremely rare. It should be
noted that the presence of smoke does not always mean that a flaming fire exists.
For example, it may be engine oil on the exhaust system. If, in the pilot's
judgement, an engine fire exists, the following procedures are suggested:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(Sf
(9)
Mixture - IDLE CUTOFF
Fuel Selector Valve - OFF
Master Switch - OFF
Cabin Heat and Air - OF F
Establish a maximum safe rate of descent. Increasing speed may blow
the fire out.
Slide slip maneuvers may be used, as necessary, to direct flames away
from cabin area. '
Select a suitable field for a forced landing.
Notify ATC if pos~iple.
Complete the force~ landing. Do not attempt to restart the engine.
IN-FLIGHT ELECTRICAL FIRES
:,
Indication of in· flight electrical fires may be wisps of smoke or the smell of hot or
burning insulation. Should an electrical fire develop, the following procedures are
"
suggested:
I f fire is in engine compartment:
(1) Master Switch - OF F.
(2) Vent/Cabin Air/Heat - OFF/CLOSED
(3) Land airplane as soon as possible
Issued: January 15, 1977
3·11
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
I f fire is in cockpit:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
)
Master Switch - OFF
All Other Switches (except ignition switch) - OFF
Vents/CahinAir/Heat - CLOSED
,
Fire Extinguisher - ACTIVATE (if available)
If fire appears to be out and electrical power is ne~essary to continue flight:
(5) Master Switch - ON
(6) Circuit Breakers - CHECK for faulty circuit, do not reset.
(7) Radio/Electrical Switches - ON one at a time, with delay after each
until short circuit is located.
(8) Vents/Cabin Air/Heat - OPEN when fire is out.
EMERGENCY OPERATION IN CLOUDS
Vacuum System Failure
A vacuum system failure may disable the directio'nal and attitude indicators, thus
forcing the pilot to rely on the turn coordinator or turn and bank indicator if he
inadvertently flies into clouds. The following procedures assume that only the
electrically·powered turn coordinator or turn and bank indicator is operative, and
the pilot is not instrument rated.
',)
i'
Executing, a 180" Turn in Clouds
Upon inadvertently entering the clouds, an immediate plan should be made to
turn back as follows: '
(1) Note the time of the minute hand and observe the pmition of the
sweep second hand on the clock. Note compass heading.
(2) When the sweep second hand indicates the nearest half·minute, initiate
a standard rate left turn, holding the tu~n coordinator symholic airplane
wing opposite the lower left index mark for 60 seconds. Then roll back
to level flight by leveling the miniature airplane.
(3) Check accuracy of the turn by ohserVing the compass heading which
sh'ould be recir'lrocal of the original heading.
(4) If necessary. adjust heading primarily vJith sk idding motions rather than
rolling motions so that the compass wili read more accurately.
(5) Maintain altitude and airspeed by cautious application of elevator control. Avoid overcontrolling by using very small pitch control Changes.)
3·12
Issued: January 15i ·,·wn
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
J'J\lrdbEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
)
Emergency Descent Through Clouds
If VF R flight conditions cannot be re-established by performing a 180" turn, a
descent through the cloud 9!!ck to VF R conditions may be appropriate. If possible, obtain radio clearance for an emergency descent through clouds. To guard
against a spiral dive, choose \1n easterly or westerly heading to minimize compass
card swings due to changing bank angles. In addition, use a minimum control
wheel movement and steer a straight course with rudder control by monitoring
the turn coordinator. Occasionally check the compass heading and make minor
corrections to hold an appro)limate course. 8efore descending into the clouds, set
up a stabilized let-down condition as follows:
(1) Apply full carburetpr heat.
(2) Reduce power to set up a 500 to 600 ft.lmin. rate of descent.
(3) Adjust the elevator. trim control wheel for a stabilized descent at 70
KIAS (81 MPH).
(4) Use minimum control wheel motion and avoid abrupt mOVl~ment.
(5) Monitor turn coordinator and make corrections by rudder alone.
(6) Check trend of compass card movement and make cautious corrections
with rudder to stop~ turn., .
(7) Upon breaking out of clouds, resume normal cruising flight'.
Recovery From a Spiral Dive
I f a spiral is encountered, prq<;eed as follows:
(1) Close throttle.
,
(2) Stop the turn by using coqrdinated aileron and rudder control to align
the symbolic airplane in the turn coordinator with the horizon reference line.
'
(3) Cautiously apply elevator back pressure to slowly reduce the indicated
airspeed to 70 KIAS (81 MPH).
,
(4) Adjust the elevator'trim control to maintain a 70 KIAS (81 MPH) glide.
(5) Use minimum control wheel movement, using rudder control to hold a
straight heading. '
(6) Apply carburetor h~at.
(7) Clear engine occasionally, but avoid using enough power to disturb the
trimmed glide.
(8) Upon breaking out of clouds, resume normal cruising flight.
Issued: January 15, 1977
3-13
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS
(
)
Carburetor ice may be encountered at any time. Normally, the first indication of
carburetor ice in the AA·5A is a slight dror> In engine RPM, which may be
accompanied by slight engine roughness. If carburetor icing is suspected, the
following r>rocedures are suggested:
.
(1) Apply full carburetor heat. Engine roughness may then occur due to an
over·rich mixture or water. from the melting ice.
NOTE
Continuous engine operation' with car·
buretor heat on is not recommended
due to the resultant decrease in engine
efficiency. I f severe icing conditions require extender! use of carburetor heat
the engine mixture should be leaned
during its use.
Flying in known icing conditions is prohibited by FAA regulations. However,
should wing icing occur the following procedures are suggested:
Turn r>itot heat ON
Turn cabin heat ON.
Open windshield defroster vent.
If IFR or under control of an In-flight ground facility, notify them of
the condition and request assistance. A change of altitude, if possible,
or reversing course to fly out of the icing conditions may be desirable.
(5) Pilot technique is imr>ortant in this situation:
A.
Increase and decrease engine RPM (do not exceed red line) to keer>
pror>eller clear of ice.
B.
Increase airspeed if possible. This technique reduces angle of attack eXr>osing less surface area' for ice accumulation.
C.
Do not extend flaps. A clean configuration will exr>0se less surface
to ice and will prevent a change in air flow over the tail surfaces.
(6) Monitor engine RPM for any indication of carburetor ice. (Refer to
Carburetor Ice Procedures.) .
(7) Plan a landing at the first suitable airr>drt. The following r>rocedures are
suggested:
A.
I f the windshield is obstructed,. the can0r>Y may be or>ened to
improve visibility. A forward slir> may be helpful.
")
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3-14
Issued: January 15,"1977
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
'~MBDEL AA-5A CHEETAH
B.
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Remember tnat ice accumulation increases wing loading, decrea~es
performance; decreases range and INCREASES STALL SPE EDS.
When landing, plan a slightly higher than normal air speed during
landing approach. Guard against increased stall speed created by
the above l11'entioneq conditions. Touch down in a slightly nose
high attitud~:
.
REMEMBER: Intentional flying in icing conditions IS PROHIBITED!
STATIC SOURCE BLOCKED
If erroneous readings are· suspected on the instruments associated with the
pitot·static system (airspeed indicator, altimeter and vertical speed indicator)
pitot heat should be appliJ!d (for erroneous airspeed indications) in case the
problem is due to ice or water accumulation. in the pitot head. Failure of pitot
heat to correct the problem may indicate blockage of the static sources. Obviously in a situation such as this, a landing should be planned at the nearest
suitable airport. If it is necessary 'to continue the flight, and particularly jf the
flight is in marginal conditions, a static source must be supplied to the airspeed
indicator and altimeter.
A static source can be suPPljed to the airspeed indicator and altimeter by breaking
the glass on the face of the\iertical speed indicator.
If this is done remember the following:
(1) The vertical speed indicator will be' inoperative.
(2) Some error may· be expected in airspeed and altitude indil;ations. At
airspeeds above B7 KIAS (100 MPH) subtract 6 KIAS (7 MPH) from
indicated airspee(j and 80 feet from indicated altitude.
(3) The canopy must be kept closed, since opening it could introduce large
errors in airspee~and alti'tude indications.
SPINS
The AA-5A is not certificated for spins, in either the Normal or Utility category,
therefore, INTENTIONAl..: SPINS ARE PROHIBITED. However, should inadvertent spin occur, the following recovery procedure is recommended:
(1) Throttle - Idle
(2) Ailerons - Neutral
(3) Rudder - Hold opposite direction of rotation, full rudder.
(4) Elevator - Full forward, simultaneously with rudder application.
(5) Hold controls in ,!lese positions llnt~1 rotation stops.
Issued: January 15, 1977
3-15
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
(6) When rotation stops neutralize rudder and recover from dive_
NOTE
)
a
If disorientation precludes
visual
determination of the direction of rotation, the symbolic airplane in the turn
coordinator or the needle of the turn
and bank indicator may be refllrred to
for this information.
ROUGH ENGINE OPERATION OR LOSS OF POWER
Carburetor Icing
An unexplained drop in RPM and engine roughness may result from the formation of carburetor ice. To clear the ice, apply full throttle (do not exceed red
line) and pull the carburetor heat knob full out until the engine runs smoothly.
Then remove carburetor heat and readjust the throt·tle. If conditions require the
continued lise of carburetor heat in cruise flight use the minimum amount of heat
necessary to prevent ice from forming and lean the mixture for smooth engine
operation.
)
Spark Plug Fouling
A slight engine roughness in flight may be caused by one or more spark plugs
becoming fouled by carbon or lead deposits. This may be verified by turning the
ignition switch momentarily from BOTH to either L or R position. An obvious
power loss in single ignition operation is evidence of spark plug or magneto
trouble. Assuming that spark plugs are the most likely cause, lean the mixture to
the recommended lean setting for cruising flight. I f the problem does not clear up
in several minutes, determine if a richer mixture setting will produce smoother
operation. I f not, proceed to the nearest airport for repairs using the BOTH
position of the ignition switch unless extreme rough hess dictates the lise of single
ignition position.
Magneto Malfunction
A sudden engine roughness or misfiring is usually evidence of magneto problems.
Switching from BOTH to either L or R ignition ~witch position will identify
which magneto is malfunctioning. Select different pOwer settings and use a richer
mixture to determine if continued operation on BOTH magnetos is practicable. If
)
not, switch to the good magneto and land at the nearest airport for r e p a i r s . ,
3-16
Issued: January 15, 197 ~ . ";
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
.MQREL AA-5A CHEETAH
Low Oil Pressure/Engine Overheat
A low oil pressure reading may be caused by malfunction of the indicating
system, oil pump failure, or loss of oil. Monitor the oil temperature gauge for a
marked increase in temperatu"re. I f no temperature change is detected, the failure
is most likely in the oil pressy~e indicating system_
,
Proceed to the nearest airport, land, check the oil level and determine the
difficulty.
In flight, if the oil pressure indication is low and is accompanied by high oil
temperatures, reduce power and proceed to the nearest airport or suitable landing
area. If possible, notify the nearest ATC radio facility of your difficulty and land.
REMEMBER: A THOROUGH AND COMPLETE PREFLIGHT WILL USUALLY
PREVENT LOW OIL PRESS!JRE EMERGENCIES.
ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS
The ammeter system on the AA-5A indicates current flow to or from the battery.
During normal operation, with a fully charged battery, the ammeter will indicate
near zero or slightly toward the charge side. This indication will be true even
though all electrical systems are energized, unless the capacity of the alternator
(60 amps) has been exceeded,
Failure of the alternator is e"sily detected since the ammeter will show discharge
to the extent of the loads being applied.
Should a component of the. electrical system fail (landing light, radio, turn and
bank indicator, etc.). visually check the related circuit protector and replace or
reset as required.
.
I f the alternator circuit breaker opens (pops out). wait 15 seconds then attempt
to reset it by pushing it back into pos!tion.
If the field circuit breaker is tripped, land as soon as practical.
If the field circuit breaker is. not tripred, and the ammeter continues to show a
discharge, set the ALT side of the Master Switch to OFF and land as soon as
practical.
Issued: January 15, 1977
3-17
SECTION 3
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
Overvoltage Protection
)
Overvoltage protection is provided by a diode attached to the field circuit breaker
forward of the instrument panel. A sustained overvoltage condition will result in
failure of the diode and subsequent opening of the alternator field circuit breaker.
The hreaker will not reset until the fault is corrected and the diode replaced.
I
On 1978 model airplanes, the diode has been replaced by an overvoltage relay. A
sustained overvoltage condition will cause the relay to energize and remove the
field voltage of the alternator. The relay can be reset by placing the master switch
to the OF F position. An alternator warning light is located on the instrument
panel.
Insufficient Output
If the ammeter shows a discharge with the altB~nator switch ON, an alternator
related failure has occurred, or the electrical loads have exceeded the rated output
of the alternator due to a malfunction. Remove all unnecessary loads one at a
time until the faulty load has been isolated. In any event, reduce all electrical
loads as required to conserve battery energy.
BRAKE FAILURE
)
Brake failure is infrequent in any aircraft. However, if a brake failure is detected,
proceed to the nearest airport with adequate runway length to accommodate an
emergency brake-failure landing. It is not recommended, with a single brake failure, that either brake be utilized during landing and roll-out.
Plan the touchdown near the approach end ofi the runway. The airplane nose
should be aligned with the runway centerline. Use minimum safe airspeeds for
existing conditions. Maintain' directional control straight down the runway with
use of rudder only. Allow the airplane to roll to a stop without the use of brakes.
The engine may have to be stopped (with mixture control) to stop the ground
roll. Request assistance from the appropriate ground control authority. It is recommended that towing to a parking area be accomplished manually with the hand
tow bar or with a "tug."
WINDSHIELD OBSCURATION
A windshield obscuration caused by ice or mdisture condensation may be encountered. Turn cabin heat on and defroster venf full open to clear the windshield
of moisture.' If obscuration persists, open the canopy, and proceed to the nearest
)
airport. A safe landing may be accomplished by., using a forward slip to a landing.
while looking through the opening in the canopy:.
Revised: December 15:-,397,1
3-18
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
fllJQQJL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
)
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . . . . .
Speeds for Safe Operation
CHE.~KLlST
Preflight Inspection .,
Cabin . • . . . . .
Left Wing, Trailing Edge .
Left Wing . _ .. . • ..
Left Wing, Leading Edge
Left Cowl . . . . . . . .
Nose . . . . . . . . _ ..
Right Cowl . . . . . . .
Right Wing Leading Edge
Right Wing . . . . . . .
Right Wing Trailing Edge
Right Side of Fuselage
Empennage . . . . . . .
Left Side of Fuselage ._
Night Flight Preflight ..
Electrical Systems Preflight .
Cabin . . . .
Left Wing Tip .
Nose . . . . . .
Right Wing
Right Wing Tip
Empennage ..
Cabin . . . . .
Before Starting Engine
Starting Engine ..
Before Takeoff
Takeoff • . . . . . . .
Normal Takeoff ..
Obstacle Clearance
Climb • . . . . . . . .
.4-3
.4-3
PROCEDURES
.4-5
.4-5
.4-5
.4-5
.4-5
.4-5
.-'.4-6
_ 4-6.
.4-6
.4-7
.4-7
.4-7
.4-7
.4-7
.4-7
.4-7
.4-7
.4-8
.4-8
.4-8
.4-8
_ 4-8
_ 4-8
.4-8
_4-8
.4-9
4-10
4-10
4-10
. 4-10
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-1
GULFSTREAM AMERIC ~N
MODEL AA-5A CHEET AH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
)age (
)
1-10
<l-11
·1-11
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-12
4-12
4-13
Cruise . . . . .
Descent . . . .
Before Landing
Balked Landing
Landing . . . .
Normal Landing
Obstacle Clearance Landing
After Landing . . . . . • • • .
Shut-Down/Securing Airplane .
AMPLIFIED PROCEDURES
Starting Engine . . . .
Taxiing . . . . . . . .
Warm-Up and Ground Check
Takeoff . . . . . .
Power Check
Normal Takeoff
Soft Field Takeoff
Short Field Takeoff
Crosswind Takeoff
Climb .
Cruise .
Descent
Stalls
Landing
Normal Landing
Soft Field Landing
Short Field Landin!!
Crosswind Landing
.
Balked Landings {Go-Aroundsl
Slips to Landings . . . . . . .
Ground Handling and Tiedown
Cold Weather Operation . . .
Starting . . . . . • . . .
Starting With Preheat .,
Starting Without Preheat
Flight Operations . . .
Hot Weather Operation
Noise Abatement
.'.
4-13
4-14
4-16
4-16
4-16
4-16
4-17
4-17
4-17
4-18
4-18
4-19
4-19
4-20
4-20
4-21
4-21
4-21
4-21
4-21
4-22
4-22
4-22
4-22
4-23
4-24
4-24
4-24
Issued: January 15.-19.71
4-2
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
,~~~L AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
INTRODUCTION
Section 4 provides checklist and amplified procedures for the conduct of normal
operation of the AA-5A airplarie. Normal procedures associated with Gulfstream
Americ'an designed Optional Sy~tems can be found in Section 9.
I
SPEEDS FOR SAFE OPERATION
Unless otherwise noted, the following speeds are based on a maximum weight of
2200 pounds and may be used for any lesser weight. However, to achieve the
performance specified in SectiQn 5 for takeoff distance, the speed appropriate to
the particular weight must be l!~ed.
KIAS
MPH
Takeoff:
Normal Climb Out . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maximum Performance TjI!<eoff, Speed at 50 feet
85
63
98
73
Enroute Climb, Flaps Up:
Normal . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Best Rate of Climb, Sea Li:!vel . .
Best Rate of Climb, 10,000 Feet
Best Angle of Climb, Sea Level
Best Angle of Climb, 10,000 Feet
85
79
74
68
70
98
91
85
78
81
Landing Approach:
Normal Approach, Flaps u.p
Normal Approach, Flaps [IN
Short Field Approach, Flaps DN
70
65
61
81
75
70
Balked Landing:
During Transition to Maximum Power, Full Flaps
Maximum Recommended Turbl.!lent Air Penetration Speed:
2200 Lbs
1850 Lbs . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 60-65
.103
.103
69-75
119
119
Maximum Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity:
Takeoff or Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 knots
Revised: February 15, 1979
4·3
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
/-~
/------------0~ ~~"-'
®----- ----,
"
f
/
f
~
2
.________
I
I.
?~
•
"__ -@- ______
~
(<Bf~r---:@
<\9
'~I.
I
I
l_~~
,7
,
•
-- -- _:::=:-::-- -
)
'------1
:
I
~- - -- - -@- - -- -",I /
_~_J
¢
S
I
/
'
)
- - - - - PREFLIGHT
INSPECTION
-- - -
ElECTRICAL
SYSTEMS
PREFLIGHT
NOTE
Visually check airplane for general condition
during walk-around inspection. In cold weather, remove even small accumulations of
frost, ice or snow from wing, tail and control
surfaces.
!
Figure 4-1. Preflight Inspection
4-4
Issued: January
1'5,"-1'977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MdoEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLIST PROCEDURES
PREFLIGHT INSPECTION
1. Cabin
(1) Canopy - OPEN (turn handle counterclockwise to open.)
(2) Control Wheel Lock - REMOVE
(3) Ignition Switch OFF.
(4) Master Switch - OFF
(5) Mixture - IDLE CUTOFF.
2.
Left Wing Trailing Edge
(1) Flap - Secure and ufldamaged.
'(2) Aileron - Freedom pf movement.
3.
Left
( 1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
4.
Left
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
5.
Left
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Wing
Wing Tip and Light - Undamaged
Aileron Counterweight Access - Unobstructed
Wing Inspection Plates - Secure
Tiedown - Remov~d
Pitot Tube - Unobstructed
Fuel Tank Vent - L.!nobstructed
Wing Leading Edge
Fuel Tank - Full, cap seal checked for damage, cap secure
Tank Drain - Fuel free of water and sediment, drain secure
Sump Drain - Fue[ free of water and sediment, drain secure
Fuel - Proper color
Landing Gear Wheel Fairing and Tire - Undamaged, tire properly
inflated
•
(6) Chocks - Removed
Cowl
Windshield - Clean, undamaged
OAT Gauge - Secure, undamaged
Fuel Pump OverfloVy Drain - Unobstructed
Fresh Air Vents - I,lnobstructed
Issued: January 15, 1977
4·5
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
)
(5) Air Cleaner Drain - Unobstructed
(6) Oil Breather Vent
Unobstructed
(7) Cowl - Open, Secured
NOTE
When engine cowl is opened, ensure
that its support tube is secured in the
retainer clip prior to closing the cowl.
Ensure that cowl latches are secure
(flush with surface) .
. (B) Baffles - Secure, Undamaged
(9) Cowl - Closed, latches secured (flush with surface)
6. Nose
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Propeller and Spinner -' Secure, undamaged
Cowling - Secure, undamaged
Lmdinu Li!Jht - Secured, undamaged
Carburetor Air Intake - Unobstructed
Nose Gear, and Fairing - Undamaged, tire properly inflated, mud
scraper clear
(6) Tow Bar - Removed and stowed
(7) Chocks - Removed
(B) Engine Cooling Openings - Unobstructed
7.
Right Cowl
(1) Cowl- Open
.
(2) Engine Baffles - Unobstructed, undamaged
(3) Engine Cooling Openings - Unobstructed
(4) Engine Oil Level - 6 Quarts minimum, capacity B quarts
(5) Engine Oil Dipstick - Secured (finger tight)
(6) Vacuum Pump Vent - Unobstructed
(7) Battery - Secllre
(B) Alternator Belt - Proper tension
(9) Cowl - Closed, latches secured (flush with surface)
B.
Riynt Wing Leading Edge
(1) Fuel Tank - Full, cap seal checked for damage, cap secured'
(2) Tank Drain - Fuel free of water and sediment, drain secured
(3) Sump Drain - Fuel free of water and sediment, drain secure
(4) Fuel - Proper color
(5) Landing Gear, Wheel Fairing and Tire - Undamaged, tire properly
inflated
...... ,
..
Issued: January 15, 1977
4·6
)'
')
.
· ~~Jo;fSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
(6) Chocks - Removed,
9.
Right Wing
(1) Wing Tip and Light .;- Undamaged
(2) Aileron Counterweight Access - Unobstructed
(3) Wing Inspection Plates - Secure
(4) Tiedown - Removed
(5) Fuel Tank Vent - Unobstructed
"
10.
Right Wing Trailing Edge
(1) Aileron - Freedom of movement
(2) Flap Secure and urldamaged
11.
Right Side of Fuselage
(1) Static Source - Unobstructed
(2) Antennas - Secure, undamaged
(3) Fuselage - Undamag!!d
12.
Empennage
(1) Elevators - Freedom of movement
(2) Rudder - Freedom of movement
(3) Trim Tabs - Secure, undamaged
(4) Tail Cone and Light- Secur~, undamaged
(5) Tie Dowfl- Remove(j
13.
Left
(1)
(2)
(3)
14.
Night Flight Preflight
(1) Fuses and Circuit Breakers - Check
(2) Spare Fuses - In Glove Compartment
(3) Flashlight - Aboard·
(~) Required Charts - Aboard
Side of Fuselage
Static Source - Unobstructed
Fuselage - Undamaged
Baggage Door - Secure
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS PREfLIGHT
1.
Cabin
(1) Master Switch - ON:
(2) Instrument Lights - Check Rheostat, OFF
(3) Navigation Lights - ON
(4) Flashing Beacon - 01\1
(5) Strobe Lights - ON
(6) Pitot Heat - ON
(7) Landing Light - ON
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-7
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
2.
j
Left Wing Tip
(1) Navigation Light -Illuminated
(2) Strohe Light - Flashing
WARNING
DO NOT TOUCH PITOT. TUBE 01·
RECTL Y, IT CAN BE HOT ENOUGH
TO BURN SKIN.
. 3.
(3)
Pitot Tube - Check for heat
(1)
Landing Light - Illuminated
Nose
4.
Right Wing
(1) Stall Warning Vane - Lift, check that stall warning horn sounds
5.
Right Wing Tip
(1) Navigation Light - Illuminated
(2) Strobe Light - Flashing
6.
Empennage
(1) Navigation Light - Illuminated
(2) Flashing Beacon - Operating
7.
Cabin
(1) Master Switch - OF F
(2) Navigation Lights - OFF
(3) Flashing Beacon - OFF
(4) Strobe Lights - OFF
(5) Pitot Heat - OFF
(6) Landing Light - OFF
)
BEFORE STARTING ENGINE
(1) Preflight Inspection - Complete
(2) Seats, Seat Belts and Shoulder I-(arness - Adjusted, locked
(3) Radios, Autopilot, Electrical EqLJipment - OF F
(4) Parking Brake - SET
(5) Controls - Check for proper operation
I
STARTING ENGINE
I
(1)
(2)
(3)
Master/Alternator Switch - ON I
Mixture - FULL RICH
Carburetor Heat - OF F
)
Revised: December
4·8
i5,1~77
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
,;~;<,~~EL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
(4) Fuel Selector Valve - Set to fullest tank
(5) Prime - As req~ired
(6) Flaps - UP
.
(7) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON (Check pressure 0.5 - 8 PSI)
(8) Propeller - CLEAR
(9) Ignition Switch - ON LEFT
(10) Throttle - Open approximately l/4-inch
(11) Starter Button - Press, release when engine starts
(12) Ignition Switch - ON BOTH
'
(13) Oil Pressure - 'Check, if no pressure within 30 seconds, shut down
engine
(14) Engine - Warm up at 1000 to 1200 RPM
(15) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - OFF
NOTE
Avoid prolonged idling while on the ground.
BEFORE TAKEOFF
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
Parking Brake - SET
Throttle - Set for 1800 RPM
Engine Instruments - In green arc
Ammeter - Charging
Vacuum Gage":: 4.6 to 5.4 in. Hg.
Magnetos - Ch!!ck, 175 RPM maximum drop, not over 50 RPM
difference between left and right magnetos
Carburetor Heat' - ON,check for RPM drop, then set to OF F
Throttle Set for 1000 RPM
Radios - ON, diecked, Transponder - STANDBY
Engine - Idles ~moothly
Engine is ready for ta~eoff when it will take throttle Without'l
hesitating or faltering and oil temperature is in green arc.
Trim Tab Flaps - Checked for operation, set UP
Mixture - FULL RICH (or as required by field elevation)
Throttle FrictiQh Lock - ADJUSTED
Auxiliary Fuel pump ON, check for pressure change, then set to
OFF
Flight Instrum~nts - SET (clock, directional gyro, altimeter,
radios)
Lights - ON, as required
Parking Brake - OFF
Turn Transponder ON after takeoff.
sEt
I
Revised: December 15, 1977
4-9
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
TAKEOFF
Normal Takeoff
(1) Flaps - UP
(2) Carburetor Heat - OF F
(3) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
(4) Throttle - FULL OPEN
(5) Elevator Control - Raise nosewheel at 50 KIAS (58 MPH) to 55 KIAS
(63 MPH)
(6) Climb Sreed - 85 KIAS (98 MPH)
Obstacle Clearance Takeoff
(1) Flaps - UP
(2) Carburetor Heat - OF F
(3) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
(4) Throttle - FULL OPEN
(5) Elevator - Apply light back pressure at 50 KIAS (58 MPH), lift nosewheel at 55 KIAS (63 MPH)
(6) Climb Speed - 63 KIAS (73 MPH)
CLIMB
(1) Normal Climb Speed - 85 KIAS (98 ~PH) at full throttle
(2) 8est Rate of Climb Speed - 79 KIAS (91 MPH) at sea level, full
throttle
(3) Best Angle of Climb Speed - 68 KIAS (78 MPH) at sea level, full
throttle
CRUISE
(1) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - OFF
(2) Power - SET at 2200 to 2700 RPM
(3) Trim Tab - SET as required
(4) Mixture - SET as required. Full rich when operating at more than 75%
power. I f in doubt of percentage of power being used, use full rich
mixture for operation below 5000 ft.
CAUTION
DO NOT OPEN CANOPY:AT SPEEDS
IN EXCESS OF 113 KCAS(130 MPH).
4-10
Issued: January 15r 1977
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
,MOOEL AA-5A CHEETAH
f'
DESCENT
(1) Power - As required for descent
(2) Mixture - As required by altitude
(3) Carburetor Heat - As required by engine power settinu and weather
conditions
(4) Trim Tab - SET as required
BEFORE LANDING
(1) Seats, Seat Belts and Shoulder Harness - Adjust and lock
(2) Fuel Selector - On fullest tank
(3) Mixture - FULL RICH
(4) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
(5) Carburetor Heat -',ON if required
(6) Parking Brake - of. F
(7) Flaps - SET as required, below 103 KIAS (119 MPH)
(8) Airspeed - 65 KIA~ (75 MPH) to 70 KIAS (80 MPH)
(9) Landing Light - Ot-! as required
I
BALKED LANDING
(1) Power - Full throttle
(2) Carburetor Heat - OFF
(3) Airspeed - 60-65 KIAS (69-75 MPH)
(4) Establish Climb At1.itude
.
(5) Flaps - Retract slQwly, maintain safe airspeed
LANDING
Normal Landing
(1) Touch down
011
main gear_
Revised: December 15, 1977
411
GULFSTREAM AMI RICAN
MODEL AA·5A C"-: :ETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CAUTION
IF THE NOSE GEAR IS ALLOWED
TO CONTACT THE RUNWAY PRIOR
TO MAIN GEAR TOUCHDOWN A
PORPOISE MANEUVER MAY
OCCUR. SHOULD THE AIRPLANE
BEGIN PORPOISING RECOVER AS
FOLLOWS:
A. APPLY FULL POWER
B. MAINTAIN STEADY ELEVA·
TOR BACK PRESSURE FOR A
NORMAL CLIMB.
C.
ESTABLISH A NORMAL CLIMB
AT 85 KIAS (98 MPH)
D. SLOWLY RETRACT FLAPS
E.
EXECUTE A NORMAL
GO·AROUND.
(2) Lower nosewheel slowly as speed decreases.
(3) Use rudder to maintain directional control down to approximately 17
KIAS (20 MPH)
(4) Brakes - Use as required for stopping and directional control.
)
)
Obstacle Clearance Landing
(1) Flaps - Fully extended below 103 KIAS (119 MPH)
(2) Airspeed - 61 KIAS (70 MPH)
(3) Touch down on main gear
(4) Elevator - Full up control
(5) Flaps - UP
(6) Brakes - As required for directional control and stopping.
AFTER LANDII'IG
(11 Flaps - UP
(2) Auxiliary Fuel Pump OFF
(3) Landing Light - OF F (if used)
(4) Carburetor Heat - OFF
(5) Strobe Light - OFF (if used)
)
4·12
Issued: January 15, 197,7,.
qULFSTREAM AMERICAN
~dfJEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
)
SHUT-DOWN/SECURING AIRJ'LANE
(11
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
Electrical Equipment; Radios, Lights - OFF
Mixture -IDLE CUTOFF
Ignition - OF F (after propeller has stopped)
Master Switch - OFf.
Control Lock - Instillied
Parking Brake - SET
ChockslTiedowns - Installed
Parking Brake.- 0 F ~
AMRLI FI ED PROCEDURES
I
STARTING ENGINE
Before priming, apply brakes. It is good practice to have all radios and lights off,
both to limit battery drain during the start and to protect avionics from voltage
surges.
NOTE
Normally, one to three strokes of the
pnmlng pump is ,sufficient for quick
starting. :In temperatures below 40°F
(40 CI. hOVllever, four to six strokes may
be neces~ary. During extremely cold
days, starling will be aided. by pulling
the propeller through four or five revolutions by hand. SWITCHES MUST BE
OFF WHEN PULLING THE PRO,
PE LLE R, Preheating the engine or oil
before starting in temperatures of 10°F
and below will speed the start and con,
serve the '!?attery charge.
.I
Revised: December 15, 1977
4·13
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
With brakes applied, place the mixture in the full rich position; open throttle 1/4
inch; turn master switch and alternator switch ON; clear propeller area; set\.
ignition switch to left; and engage the starter. If the engine fails to start on the
first attempt, a second attempt should be made without priming. If the day is hot
and the second attempt fails, it is possible the engine is over·primed. Pull the
mixture control to full lean, throttle full open, and turn the engine with the
starter. When the engine starts, push the mixtu~e control to full rich and reduce
throttle. If the day is cold, it is more likely the engine is under-primed. In this
event, a few extra strokes of the primer should provide a prompt start. As soon as
engine starts set ignition to both.
..)
Check the oil pressure when the engine starts. If no oil pressure is indicated within
30 seconds (60 seconds on a very cold day), siop the engine and determine the
source of trouble. Oil pressure should indicate approximately 25 PSI with the
engine at idle. Release parking brake by pushing parking brake knob and pressing
brakes.
NOTE
Parking brake can be operated only
from the left front seat.
TAXIING
)
All taxiing should be done at slow speed, and. the controls should be positioned
such that the affects of gusty wind are minimized. (See Taxiing Diagram, Figure
4·2.) Since the rudder controls on the AA-5A are not directly coupled to the
nosewheel, directional control dUring taxiing is maintained by use of differential
braking.
Taxiing over loose gravel or cinders should be done at low engine speed to minimize damage to the propeller tips, landing gear and empennage due to abrasion or
stone damage.
)
4-14
Issued: January 16;··1977
.... GY.bFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
NUMBER
WIND DIRECTION
(1)
FWD
CONTROL POSITION
Wheel Neutral - Back
(2)
FWp RH Quarter
Wheel Right - Back
(3)
Aft RH Quarter
Wheel Left - Forward
(4)
AFT
Wheel Neutral - Forward
(5)
Aft.LH Quarter
Wheel Right
(6)
FWD LH Quarter
Wheel Left - Back
Forward
Figure 4-2. Taxiing Diagram
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-15
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
WARM-UP AND GROUND CHECK
Engine warm-up should be at 1000 to 1200 RPM. The magneto check is run at
1800 RPM using the BOTH-RIGHT·BOTH-LEFT-BOTH sequence. Maximum
RPM drop per magneto should not exceed 175 RPM, or 50 RPM differential
between magnetos. The carburetor heat should be checked for operation at this
time, then returned to the full OF F position. The engine is ready for takeoff
when it will take full throttle without hesitation or faltering.
)
TAKEOFF
Power Check
I t is important to check full-throttle engine operation early in the takeoff run.
Any sign of rough engine operation or sluggish engine acceleration is good cause
for discontinuing the takeoff.
.
Smooth and uniform throttle application should be used to ensure best engine
acceleration and to give long engine life. This technique is important under hot
weather conditions which may cause a rich mixture that could hinder engine
response if the throttle is applied too rapidly.
Full·throttle runups over loose gravel are espe~ially harmful to propeller .tips. ( .)
When takeoffs must be made over a gravel surface, it is very important that the
throttle he advanced slowly. This allows the airplane to start rolling before high
RPM is developed, and the gravel will be blown back of the propeller rather than
pulled into it.
Prior to takeoff from fields above 5000 feet elevation, the mixture should be
leaned to give maximum power.
After full throttle is aprlied, adjust the throttle friction lock clockwise to prevent
the throttle from creeping back from a maximum power position. Similar friction
lock adjustment should he made as required in other flight conditions to maintain
a fixed throttle setting.
Normal Takeoff
Before beginning the takeoff roll, align the airplane with the runway. Aligning the
nose wheel with the takeoff direction will allow minimum brake usage during the
initial ground roll. When full power is applied for takeoff, directional control is
maintained with light toe pressure on the brakes. At speeds above 13 KIAS (15
MPH) to 17 KIAS (20 MPH), the rudder becomes fully effective and brake steering is NOT necessary. Continued use of brake steering will only prolong the
takeoff roll.
4-16
Issued: January 15if977
')
.J
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
~lQe~ AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
)
Accelerate to 50 KIAS (58 MP8) before applying a light back pressure on the
control wheel to lift off the nosE! wheel. Raising the nose wheel too soon or to an
excessive angle may increase takeoff grqund distance. When airborne, accelerate
to the desired climb speed.
Soft Field Takeoff
After alignment in the takeoff direction and with the elevator held in the full up
position, apply takeoff power srt;l'oothly. As the airplane accelerates and the elevator becomes effective, the nose load will lighten reducing nose wheel drag. As the
nose raises, the elevator should:!Je eased forward so the nose wheel is held just
clear of the ground. After lift off, accelerate to the best angle of climb speed 68
KIAS (78 MPH) or best rate of climb speed 79 KIAS (91 MPH) depending on
obstacles.
,NOTE
Avoid prolo'1ged engine run-up in loose
gravel, since 'the propeller will tend to
pick up stones and debris causing propeller blade;, landing gear and empennage damagE\:
Short Field Takeoff
After alignment in the takeoff direction, hold the brakes to prevent movement
and apply full throttle. When full power is reached, release brakes and begin the
takeoff roll with the elevator neu.tral. Use light smooth brake pressures to maintain low speed directional contr.ol. At 50 KIAS (58 MPH) apply elevator back
pressure for lift off rotation, th~n climb at 63 KIAS (73 MPH) below 50 ft. If
terrain or further obstacles are t~ be cleared after takeoff and above the 50 foot
obstacle, accelerate to the best 'angle of climb spe~d 68 I<IAS (78 MPH) at sea
level. Wh~n obstacles are cleared; ~ccelerate to the desired climb speed.
Crosswind Takeoff
Allow the airplane to accelerate ~o a speed slightly higher tha'n normal, then lift
off abruptly to prevent possible~ettling back to the runway while drifting. When
clear of the ground, make a coorc;linated turn into the wind to correct for drift.
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-17
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
CLIMB
A normal climb speed of 85 KIAS (98 MPH) is recommended once all ground
obstacles have been cleared. This speed offers good visibility, excellent
over-the-ground speed and rate of climb. the best rate of climb speed varies from
79 KIAS (91 MPH) at sea level to 74 KIAS (85 MPH) at 10,000 ft. The best angle
of climb speed varies from 68 KIAS (78 MPH)~t sea level to 70 KIAS (81 MPH)
at 10,000 ft. Refer to Section 5 performance charts for additional information.
NOTE
be
The mixture should
full rich
during takeoff and climb at altitudes
below 5000 ft. MSL~ However,
during takeoff or climb. from highaltitude airports, the engine should
be leaned to achieve best power
(maximum RPM).
CRUISE
The maximum recommended cruise power setting is 100% of the rated horse- ( )
power. True airspeeds, which are determined by the particular altitude and power
/
setting chosen, can be obtained from the tables in Section 5.
NOTE
On new airplanes power should be
maintained at 75% poWer or more
until a total of 50 hours has accumulated. This is to ensure proper seating of the rings and is applicable to
new engines, and engines in service
following cylinder replacement or
top overhaul of one or more cylinders.
After the initial break-in period, fuel consumption can be reduced significantly,
especially at high altitudes, by leaning the mixture in cruising flight. For optimum
fuel consumption in cruise at 75% power or less, 'Iean the mixture as follows:
(1) Slowly move the mixture control from full rich position toward lean.
position.
Issued: January 15,
4-18
Hl77
']
.'
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
." ....,MQ,pEL AA-5A CHEETAH
(2) Continue leaning.until engine rough~ess is noted.
(3) Enrich mixture sl!ghtly until engine runs smoothly.
The Cruise Performance
leaning technique.
fu~1
consumption given in Section 5 is based upon this
'
NOTE
If engine runs rough during cruise
with carburetor heat on, it may be
due to an over-rich condition. To
correct for engine roughness in such
a sityation, lean mixture to smooth
engirJ~ operation.
DESCENT
Power on descents of up to 131 KIAS (151 MPH) can be utilized to reduce
enroute flight time. Higher 'airspeeds are perr(1issible in smooth air conditions.
Placarded airspeed limitations must be observed.
STALLS
The AA-5A's stall characteristics are conventional in all configurations. Elevator
buffeting occurs approximately 2 KIAS (3 MPH) above the stall and becomes
more pronounced as the stair-occurs. An audible stall warning horn begins to blow
steadily 5 KIAS to 10 KIAS'above the actual stall speed.
NOTE
Rudqer is the primary control for
yaw"and roll through the stall. In
addii/on, the aileron is effective for
roll control. Both controls should be
used·'ils necessary to control roll and
yaw through the stall. For specific
stall'speeds at maximum weight with
flaps up and down, refer to the Stall
Speed Table in Section 5.
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-19
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
LANDING
~.
Normal landing
)
Trim the airplane to an approach speed between 65 KIAS (75 MPH) and 70 KIAS
(B 1 MPH) depending on weight and wind conditions. Normal approach speed is
65 KIAS (75 MPH). Maximum flap extension speed is 103 KIAS (119 MPH). Any
flap setting may be used for landings.
As a general rule, it is good practice to contact the ground at a minimum safe
speed consistent with existing conditions. After touchdown, hold the nose wheel
off as long as possible on roll-out. Lower the nose gently and apply brakes as
needed. Retract the flaps after touchdown to minimize the possibility of skidding
when braking. In gusty or crosswind conditions, :many pilots prefer to increase
their airspeed slightly above the normal approach speed; this decision, however,
can only be made by the pilot in light of his own experience and training.
NOTE
A power-off nose-high touchdown
atti.tude is the beSt assurance of a
porpoise-free landing, and excessive
touchdown speed is not required
with direct crosswinds up to 16
knots.
)
A pilot-induced porpoise maneuver
may be encountered during landing
by contacting the nose wheel first.
The porpoise could be accentuated
by a wavy or rolling runway surface.
Should a porpoise occur, use the
following technique to recover:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Apply full power.
Maintain steady elevator-back
pressure for 11 normal climb.
Normal climb - 85 KIAS (98
MPH).
Carburetor heat - OFF
Retract flaps.
Execute normal go-around
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-20
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
M,Q,1lf.L AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
Soft Field Landing
For soft fields, the airplane should be trimmed to an approach speed of 61 KIAS
(70 MPH) with fiaps fully ext~nded. U~e power as necessary to control qlide path
consistent with existing condi~ions. Touchdown in a rough or soft field should be
in a nose-high pitch attitude at the slowest safe airspeed. The nose wheel should
be held off the surface as long as possible; and braking should be the minimum
required for directional contrl:jl and safety. (Maximum braking on soft surfaces
may lead to excessive gear loads.)
Short Field Landing
When making a landing where obstacle clearance or ground roll is a factor, the
AA-5A should. be trimmed to a[1 approach speed of 61 KIAS (70 MPH) with flaps
fully extended. Touchdown should be made on the main gear at the slowest safe
airspeed. Best braking can be' obtained by applying light pressure immediately
after touchdown and continu9usly increasing brake pressure just enough so the
wheels do not skid.
..
Crosswind Landing
When landing in a strong crosswind, use the minimum flap setting required for the
field length. Although the crab:or combination method of drift correction may be
used, the crab method gives the best control. After touchdown, hold a straight
course with the rudder and occ~sional braking.
BALKED LANDINGS IGo-Arounds)
Should a landing be balked, apply full power immediately; carburetor heat OF F;
establish a positive rate of climb at 60-65 KIAS (69-75 MPH); retract the flaps
and trim for normal climb.
SLIPS TO LANDINGS
i
Slips are very effective in the AA-5A. Rapid descents with high sink rates can be
obtained through a properly executed slip. It is recommended, however, that slips
be practiced at a safe altitude until the pilot is familiar with the AA-5A. The
recommended slip speeds are 65 KIAS (75 MPH) to 75 KIAS (86 MPH) depending on load, pilot proficiency, and local conditions. Pilots should make themselves
familiar with the airplane at a v'!riety of slip speeds.
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-21
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
GROUND HANDLING AND TlEDOWN
The AA-5A is easily handled on the ground by hand with the aid of a tow bar i
attached to the nose wheel fork. Tiedown rings are provided under each wing tip
and under the tail. Proper tiedown is the best insurance against damage to the
airplane by gusty or strong winds. Installation of the control wheel lock helps
avoid damage to the movable surfaces under such conditions.
)
NOTE
I nstall wheel chocks and release the
parking brake if the airplane is to be left
unattended. Changes in ambient temperature can cause the brakes to release
or to exert excessive pressures.
COLD WEATHER OPERATION
Starting
I
Prior to starting on a cold morning, it is advisable t!J pull the propeller through
several times by hand to "break loose" or ."Iimber" the oil, thus conserving
battery energy. Use auxiliary power if airplane is equipped for it.
WARNING
'WHEN PULLING THE ~ROPELLER
THROUGH BY HAND, TREAT IT AS
IF THE IGNITION SWITCH IS
TURNED ON. A LOOSE OR BROKEN
GROUND WIRE ON EITHER MAGNETO COULD CAUSE THE t=NGINE TO
START.
)
Starting With Preheat:
(1\ With ignition switch turned off and throttle closed, prime the engine
four to eight strokes as the propeller is being turned over by hand.
NOTE:
Use heavy strokes of the primer for best
atomization of fuel. After priming, push
primer all the way in and turn to the
locked position to avoid the possibility
of the engine drawing fuel through the
primer.
)
Revised: December
4-22
15. 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
'",MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
Mixture
FULL RICH.
Propeller Area - CLEAR.
Master Switch ON.
Throttle -: OPEN 1/2 INCH.
Ignition Switch -'ON LEFT.
Starter 8utton - press, release when engine starts.
Ignition Switch ON 80TH.
Oil Pressure - Check
Starting Without Preheat:
(1) Prime the engine six to ten strokes while the propeller is being turned
by hand with the "throttle closed. Leave the primer charged and ready
for a stroke.
(2) Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
(3) Mixture - FULL RICH.
(4) Propeller Area - CLEAR.
(5) Master Switch - ON.
(6) Ignition Switch - ON LEFT.
(7) Pump Throttle r<!pidly to full open twice. Return to 1/2 inch open
position.
'
(8) Starter 8utton - Press, release when engine starts.
(9) Ignition Switch - ON 80TH.
(10) Continue to prifT!e the engine until it is running smoothly, or alter·
nately pump the 1prottle rapidly oVer the first 1/4 of total travel until
engine is running smoothly.
(11) Oil Pressure - CHECK.
(12) Apply full carbur~tor heat after the engine has started. Leave on until
the engine is running smoothly.
(13) Primer - LOCKEp.
NOTE
If the engine-does not start or if engine
firing diminishes in strength, it is
probable that the spark plugs have been
frosted -over. Preheat must be used be·
fore attempting another start.
Issued: January 15, 1977
4·23
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CAUTION
PUMPING THE THROTTLE MAY
CAUSE RAW FUEL TO ACCUMULATE IN THE INTAKE AIR DUCT,
CREATING A FIRE HAZARD IN THE
EVENT OF A BACKFIRE. IF THIS
OCCURS, MAINTAIN A CRANKING
ACTION TO SUCK THE FLAMES INTO THE ENGINE. AN OUTSIDE ATTENDANT WITH A FIRE EXTIN·
GUISHER IS ADVISED FOR COLD
STARTS WITHOUT PREHEAT.
Durin!] cold weilther opemtions, no indication will be a[1parent on the oil temperature !)auge prior to takeoff if outside air temperatures are very cold. After a
suitable warm-up period (2 to 5 minutes' at 1000 RPM), accelerate the engine
several times to higher engine RPM. If the engine accelerates smoothly and the oil
pressure remains normal ilnd steady. the airplane is ready for takeoff.
)
FLIGHT OPERATIONS
Takeoff is fllilde normally with carburetor heat off and mixture set for prevailing
altitude.
When operating in temperatures below -18°F (-28°CI. avoid using partial carburetor heat. Partial heat may increase the carburetor air temperature to the 32°F
(OCC) to 7o'°F (21"C) range, where icing is critical under certain atmos[1heric
conditions. It is advisable to use either full heat or flO heat.
I
HOT WEATHER OPERATION
The normal starlin!) information in this section is appropriate. Avoid prolonged
engine operation on the !Jround.
NOISE ABA 1EMENT
Puhlic concern over environmental pollution has placed increased emphasis on
control of airplane noise.
)
Revised: December 15, 1977
4·24
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 4
NORMAL PROCEDURES
As Pilots, we can assist in reducing public exposure to airplane noise as follows:
(1) When flying V F Rover outqoor assemblies of persons, recreational areas
or other noise-sensifive are,!s attempt to fly at least 2000 feet above the
surface.
"
(2) During climb out or descent to an airport attempt to plan the maneuver
so that prolonged flight at low altitude can be minimized.
NOTE
The above recommended procedures,do
not app!v wher~ they would conflict
with Air, Traffic Control clearances or
instructions, or where, in the pilot's
judgment; an altitude of less than 2000
feet is nlicessary for him to adequately
exercise His duty to see and avoid other
airplanes;' '
Issued: January 15, 1977
4-25/(4·26 blank)
\)
)
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
"MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . • .
Use of Performance Charts '.
Sample Problem .
Conditions . .
Route of Trip
Takeoff . . .
Time, Fuel and Distance to Climb
Cruise Performance . . . . . '
Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 5-1. Airspeed Calibration ..
Figure 5·2. Temperature Conversion Chart.
Figure 5·3. Stall Speeds • . . . . . . .
Figure 5·4. Crosswind Component c;hart . .
Figure 5·5. Takeoff Distance . . . . . . . .
Figure 5-6. Rate of Climb '; . . . . . . . . .
Figure 5·7. Time, Fuel and 'Distance to Climb
Figure 5·8. Cruise PerforrT1i1nce . . . . . . , .
Figure 5·9. Cruise Speeds . . . . . . . . .
Figure 5-10. Range Profile - 37 Gallons Fuel .
Figure 5-11. Range Profile - 51 Gallons Fuel .
Figure 5·12. Endurance Profile - 37 Gallons Fuel
Figure 5-13. Endurance Profile - 51 Gallons Fuel
Figure 5·14. Landing Distance . . . . . . . . . . .
Issued: January 15, 1977
.5·3
.5·3
.5·3
.5·3
.5-4
.,5·5
.5·6
.5·6
.5-8
5·10
5·11
5·12
5-13
,5·14
5-15
5·16
5·17
5·20
5·21
5·22
5·23
5·24
5-25
5-1/(5·2 blank)
,
)
)
~~r··
:,\J"
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
G.9J"fSTREAM AMERICAN
~ifOn\:L AA·5A CHEETAH
INTRODUCTION
The performance charts and 'tables presented on the following pages enable the
pilot to know what to expect from the AA·5A airplane under various conditions.
These charts also provide the pilot with a valuable aid in accurate flight planning,
therefore they should be consl!lted prior to each flight.
These charts are a compilation of data obtained through actual flight tests con·
ducted in an AA·5A airplane with an engine in good condition, and using average
piloting techniques.
..
The performance in the range and endurance profile charts (Figures 5·10 through
5-13) allow~ for 45 minutes reserve fuel at 50% power. Fuel flow data for cruise
(Figures 5·8 and 5·9) is baslld upon the recommended leaning procedure. Some
variables, such as mixture leaning technique, engine and propeller condition, an!~
air turbulence may affect ranqe and endurance
by 10% or more.
.
.
USE OF PERFORMANCE CI1ARTS
:~
The performance data is presented in tabular or graphical form, depending upon
which presentation method !:lest portrays the specific data. Each table or graph
contains explanatory material' when the use of the table or graph is not obvious.
In addition, a sample problem, involving typical use of the performance data in
this section, is presented, to iI1~strate usage of the tables and graphs.
SAMPLE PROBLEM
A sample flight plan has been outlined below to show the use of the performance
data presented in this section.
CONDITIONS
Origin - Norfolk, Nebraska (OFKI
Outside Air Temperature
Field Elevation
'
Altimeter Setting
Wind
Runway 13 length
Initial Weight
Issuer!: January 15, 1977
68°F (200CI
1571 Ft.
29.75 in. Hg.
1100 at 10 Kts.
5800 Ft.
2130 Lbs.
5·3
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
Destination - Denver. Colorado (DEN)
)
50'F (10'C)
5330 Ft.
29.85 in. Hg.
360' at 20 Kts.
11.500 Ft.
Outside Air Temperature
Field Elevation
Altimeter Setting
Wind
Runway 35 length
ROUTE OF TRIP
Route
Segment
OFK 08H L8F SNY -
OBH
LBF
SNY
DEN
Magnetic
Course
Dist
Nm
Wind 8500
Feet
DIR/KTS
220'
256 D
261 D
217 D
55
111
102
110
090/30
090/30
020/20
020/20
ABBREVIATION
OFK
OBH
LBF
SNY
DEN
OAT 8500
Feet
DC
Alt.
Setting
In. Hg.
0
0
29.75
29.75
29.85
29.85
5
5
AIRPORT
Norfolk. Nebraska
Wolbach. Nebraska
North Platte. Nebraska
Sidney, Nebraska
Denver, Colorado
'
)
To determine pressure altitude at origin and destination airports, add 100 feet to
field elevation for each .1 in. Hg. below 29.92, and subtract 100 feet froJDl field
elevation for each. 1 in. Hg. above 29.92.
Pressure Altitude at OFK;
29.92 - 29.75 = .17 in. Hg.
The pressure altitude at OFK is 170 feet above the field elevation.
1571 + 170= 1741 Ft.
)
5-4
Issued: January f~{"Wfn
,"'.~bfSTREAM
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
Pressure Altitude at DEN,:
29.92 - 29.85 = .0J'in. Hg.
The pressure altitude at DEN is JO feet above the field elevation.
5330 + JO = 5400 F~,
I
NOTE
For flight planning, the difference between cruise altitude and pressure
altitude has been ignored.
TAKEOFF
Using the conditions listed for Norfolk, Nebraska, the takeoff distance required
can be found. It should be -kept in mind that the distances shown are based on
maximum performance techlliques. Conservative distances can be established by
reading the chart at the next~ higher value of weight, altitudes and temperature.
For this sample problem, 220b Ibs., 2000 ft. pressure altitude, and 20"C should be
used to determine the takeotf~~istance from Figure 5-5.
Ground roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total Distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle . . . • .
1101 Feet
1988 Feet
A correction for the af.fect qf wind may be made based on Note 1 of Takeoff
Distance (Figure 5-51 Using Figure 5-4, the headwind component is determined to
be 9.5 Knots.
The distance correction for a ~.5 Knot headwind is:
9.5 Knots
5 Knots
x 4% = 8% Qecrease
,
This results in the following
dl~tances,
corrected for wind:
Ground roll, zero wind (feetl
Decrease in ground roll (1101 x 8%1 . . • , . . . .
Corrected ground roll . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . .
.1101 .
. -88
,1013
Total distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle, zero wind
Decrease in total distance (1988 x 8%1 . . . . . . .
Corrected total distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle
.1988
.-159
. 1829
The distance is well within the takeoff distance available of 5800 Feet.
Issued: January 15, 1977
5-5
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
TIME. FUEL AND DISTANCE TO CLIMB:
Enter the graph for Time, Fuel and Distance to Climb (Figure 5-7) at the initial
altitude (1571 feet) and at the cruise altitude (B500 feet).
Time to Climb = 19.1 -2.5 = 16.6 Min.
Fuel to Climb = 3.3 -.5 = 2.B Gal.
Distance Traveled = 27 -4 = 23 N.M.
CRUISE PERFORMANCE:
Based on the distance required, cruise performance tables (Figure 5-B and 5·9),
and the range and endurance profiles (Figure 5·10 through 5-13), a power setting
of 2600 RPM has been selected for this sample flight.
At 2600 RPM, enter the cruise performance tables at BOOO and 9000 feet, standard day and 20"C above standard.
.
PRESSUREALTITUDE
- -FEET
-.... .. _..
_
BOOO
STANDARD TEMPERATURE
------------. ---'-'=-045FUEL
%
TEMP
BHP
... ..
- .. - -
~._.
t----- -
.- .
·l°C 69
(31"F)
FLOW
GPH
KTS
MPH
._------
121
140
7.9
f---.
9000
8000
9000
·3°C 67
120
13B
7.7
127"F)
20"C ABOVE STANDARD TEMPERATURE
19"C 65
(67"F)
--.
.- .17"C 64
(63"F)
119
.•.
--~.--
11 B
137
7.4
- ... - --*---
136
7.3
Interpolating for B500 feet yields:
5-6
Issued: January ,'rl§77
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
MOe£l AA·5A CHEETAH
PRESSURE
ALTITUDE
FEET
8500
8500
STANDARD TEMPERATURE
TAS
FUEL FLOW
%
MPH
GPH
KTS
TE~P BHP
·2°C
68
(2!jOF)
121
139
7.8.
20" I\BOVE ~ TANDARD T :MPERATURE
18"C 65
119
137
7.4
(65"F)
Interpolating for the temperat~re of the appropriate route segment yields:
;
Route
Segment
OFK - LBF
%
TEMP BHP
O"c;: 68
(32°F)
TAS
KTS MPH
139
121
FUEL FLOW
GPH
7.8
,"
LBF - DEN
5°C
67
(4o.'F)
120
138
7.7
",OTE
The above are values for the assumed
conditions~
.
Time and fuel used were calculated as follows:
Distance
Ground Speed
Time =
Fuel Used
= (Time)
(Fuel Flow)
~5t.
Ground
; Speed
Route
Segment
OFK OBH LBF SNY-
OBH
LBF
SNY
DEN
Distance
N.M.
32·
111
102
110
ins
MPH
~39
160
172
149
160
149
129
139
Time at
Cruise Altitude
HRS:MIN
Fuel Used
For Cruise
GAL
: 14
:45
:47
:47
1.8
5.9
6.0
6.0
• Distance required to climb ha~ been subtracted from segment distance.
Issued: January 15, 1917
6·7
SECTION 5
PE R FOR MANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
Time - Fuel - Distance
Item
Start, Runup,
Taxi and Take-off
Acceleration
Climb
Cruise
Total
Time
HRS:MIN
Fuel
GAL
0:00
: 17
2:33
2:50
)
'.
1.05
2.8
19.7
23.6
Distance
N.M.
0
23
355
378
Total flight time: 2 hours, 50 minutes
Block speed: 378 NM 7- 2 hours, 50 minutes = t33 knots
The estimated weight is determined by subtracting the fuel required for the trip
from the initial takeoff weight:
'
Initial takeoff weight = 2130 Lbs.
Estimated fuel used from OFK to DEN = 2~.6 gal. (141.3 Lbs.)
Estimated landing weight = 2130 - 141 = 1989 Lbs.
)
LANDING
The landing distance required is determined in a similar manner to the procedure
used in determining takeoff distance. Using 2000 Ibs., 6000 ft. and 1()"C, the
distance can be found from Figure 5·14.
Ground roll . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total distance to clear a 50·foot obstacle
.413 Feet
1200 Feet
A correction for the affect of wind may be matle based on Note 1 of the landing
chart (Figure 5·14). Using Figure 5-4, the headwind component is determined to
be 19.5 Knots. The distance correction for 19.5 Knots headwind is:'
19.5 Knots
5 Knots
x4% = 16% Decrease
.>
I!.~r,.'~ ':.. '",:. '.
5-8
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MQIlt;,I.. AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
The results is the following distances, corrected for wind:
"
"
Ground roll, zero wind (fI~et) '"
Decrease in ground "roll (,1'13 x 16%) , , , , , , ..
Corrected ground roll , . , ' , " , " " " ' "
Total landing distance to clear a 50-foot obstacle, zero wind
Decrease in total distance (1200 x 16%) " , , , , , , , , ,
Corrected total distance
clear a 50-foot obstacle " ' , '
t9
413
-66
347
, 1200
,-192
, 1008
This distance is well within the landing distance available or 11,500 reet,
Issued: January 15, 1977
5·9
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
AIRSPEED CALIBRATION
)
NOTES:
1.
Indicated airspeed assumes zero instrument error.
2.
Corrections are not affected by flap position.
KNOTS
MILES PER HOUR
lAS CAS
lAS CAS
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
51
61
71
81
91
.101
111
121
131
141
151
161
170
180
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
Figure 5·1.
Airspeed Calibration
61
71
81
91
101
111
121
131
141
151
161
171
181
191
201
211
/
)
)
5·10
Issued: January 16Jl:1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
"MG5EL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
0
N
...
......
:5
...
0
~
0
co
tIO
0
r-
.s:.
t-
a:
e:(
l!
CJ
Z
0
III
:r::
a
iii
a:
.,
>
Z
a
CJ
0
M
0
w
W'
a:
0
N
t-
...o
::l
e:(
a:
w
a.
c
.
.
a.
8.
0
'iii
cu
>
c
0
u.. U
en cu
W
W
a:
I!l
w
10
c E
cu
l-
N
iii
.
0
~
U
cu.
W
:::I
t-
CI
0
I'
u:::
0
N
I
0
M
,.
I
0
0
III
I
:5
.,
0
0
0
M
0
N
.....
"0
0
0
I'
0
N
I
0
M
I
0
'f
0
III
I
olD
lDl
I
J S33kHl3a
Issued: January 15, 1977
5-11
ct'
"en
mm
:OCJ
.,,-1
STALL SPEEDS - POWER IDLE
" '-l
0 0:0
s:Z
NOTES:
EXAMPLE
WEIGHT
FLAPS
ANGLE OF BANKSTALL SPEED - -
l>01
1. The maximum altitude lost in a normal s.all recovery is approximately 300 feet.
2. Stall speeds apply for bo th calibrated and
indicated airspeeds.
2000 LBS.
0 DEGREES
30 DEGREES
58 KNOTS (67 MPH)
Z
CJ
m
KNOTS MPH
120
r
1-117
711
100
110
90 . .
100
0
80
-w
.h90~,
r.n
a::
70
..J
L.80
::i
G)
s:c
Or
t-
'"'"C
til
C.
'QJ
:J
r.n
60
FLAPS 0"
FLAPS 45
men
r-1
:::c
:!1i
Q
0'"
1-70
+- H-
50
I- 60
l>m
l>l>
t- 50.
l>l>
u.s:
C
..,
QJ
-<
.tn,
2200 2100
2000 1900
1800 1700 1600
WEIGHT - POUNDS
~
~
......"
0
10
20
30
40
50
·60
40
CJs:
Im
m:::c
m_
ANGLE OF BANK - DEGREES
-1CJ
l>l>
Figure 5-3. Stall Speeds
""".
\...../
\.J
IZ
\...-i
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
fJltmEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
CROS~IND COMPONENT CHART
EXAMPLE
WIND S P E E D s
ANGLE BETWEEN WIND
"
DIRECTION AND FLIGHT PATI-\HEADWIND COMPONENT
"~
CROSSWIND COMPONENT - - .-
10 KNOTS
20"
9.5 KNOTS
3.5 KNOTS
NOTE
Demonstrated crosswind component is 16 knots.
'"t-
O
Z
~
Z
tZ
w
Z
o11::E
otJ
o
Z
~
o
~
w
:I:
5
10
15
CROSSWIND COMPONENT IN KNOTS
20
Figure 5-4. Crosswind Component Chart
Issued: January 15, 1977
5-13
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
TAKEOFF DISTANCE
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:.
Power Maximum
Flaps - Up
Runway - Hard surface (level & dry)
Fuel Mixture Full throttle climb, mixture leaned above 5000 feet to smooth
engine operation
)
NOTES:
1.
Decrease distance 4% for each 5 knots headwind. For operation with tail.
winds up to 10 knots increase distance bv 10% for each 2.5 knots.
2. Where distance value is shaded, climb perfdrmance after lift-off, based on the
engine operating at takeoff power at takeoff speed, is less than 150 feet per
minute.
,.
3.
If takeoff power is set without brakes applied, then distances apply from
point where full power 'is attained ..
I-
:z:."
l!l1D
ijj-'
s:
220'0'
TAKEOFF
SPEED
~
-'
«
.~ c
KIAS (MPH) !:ju.
2 -'
w
::1-'
LIFT CLEAfl a:
00
Da: a:
OFF 50' FT.
l!l
56
(64'
63
(731
,
S.L.
20'00
40'0'0'
60'00..
..
80'0'0'
:.~:
20'0'0'
lBQQ
O"C
(32'FI
53
(61'
60'
(69)
50'
(5Bl,
57
(66)
S.L.
20'0'0'
40'0'0'
6000'
BooQ
-' 0,
c
2
.-.I
::1-'
00
a: '
«Iwu.
-,0
i:l
3O"'C
(86 FI
c
a:
«I-' 2
4O'''C
(IO'4"FI
a: .
a: . c2 - ' «l-
«I- ::1-' wu.
::1-' wu. ::1-' wu.
00 -,0 00 -,0 0 0 -,0
2-'
-'
a: a: u'" a: a: u'" a: a: u'" a: a: u'"
u'" l!l
Cl
l!l
l!l
754
B97
10'71
12B2
::.{:;,... ,
153B
1374 B36 1522 925
1625 996 lBQl ;10'1
1927 l1B9 2135 1315
2290' 1423 253B 1573
2730' 1797 30'25 i8BB
600
714
B52
10'20'
1223
110'2
130'4
1546
1838
2190'
466
2000' 554
4000' 662
6000' 792
BQoo 950'
S.L.
a: '
«Iwu.
2O'"C
(68 FI
10' C
(50' FI
665
792
946
1132
135B
864 517
10'22 615
1212 724
1441 879
1717 10'54
lB5Q
218B
2595
"
3QB4
3676
1120'
1334
1592
', ..:'.
190'5
22B6
20'29
240'0'
2B47
3384
40'33:
1221 736 1349 Bll 1484
1445 B76 1595 966 1755
1713 10'46 1891 1153 2QB2
20'36 1252 224B 1379 2474
2427 150'2 2679 1655 2949
891
10'61
1267
1516'
181B
162B
1926
22B4
2715
3235
958
1133
1343
1596
190'2
1681
19BB
235B
2BQ3
".::",.
3340'
10'20'
1214
1449
117:34
20'80'
572 10'57 630' 1164 692
. 6BQ 1251 750' 1376 B24
. 812 1483 B95 1632 9B4
·972 1763 10'71 1940' 1177
;1166 210'0' 12B5 2311 1412
1277
1510'
1790'
2128
2536 \
Figure 5-5. Takeoff Distance
5-14
Issued: January
1~Hf11
'\.
)
GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
RATE OF CLIMB
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
Power":'" Maximum
Flaps - Up
Fuel Mixture - Full throttle climb, mixture leaned above 5000 feet to smooth engine
operation.
.'
,
PRESSURE
WEIGHT ALTITUDE
Las.
FT.
2200
79
91
7~
90
S.L.
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
l..
1800
MPH
2000
4000
10000
,..... .
KI~
S.L.
8000
8000
2000
RATE'()F-CLiMBIN FT. PER MIN.
CLIMB
SPEED
S.L.
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
20°C
(880F)
4Q°C
(104°F)
744
629
527
424
322
219
117
534
439
343
248
152
57
~
764
646
527
634
I
I
66
409
85
.290
89
87
11)36
Q09
782
655
529
402
887
771
654
536
421
305
767
659
551
444
336
228
668
568
468
368
268
168
1217
1081
945
810
674
1058
934
810
665
561
437
931
816
707
588
473
359
827
721
616
510
404
298
89
87
77
76
66
74
73
72
85
64
7~
66
65
74
73
72
71
70
O°C
(320F)
523
413
303
193
77
76
75
r~
7~
-20°C
(-4°f)
83
64
82
82
81
~
FI",ure 5-6. R.'~ of Climb
Revised: March 2, 1988
\
\
5·15
mn
'H'
.,,0-
UI
.:.
aJf/)
~
If"
Jtt
t{ ~
~~
-t-~Ill
~
1I:j
I
9
~"' ~.f-
~ 'f ~ ~
.... ~
u
~t ~t
~~.! ~
f ~t
~ ~
:;
~
iii
C4
c::
CD
R~
II>
:::I
c::
II>
-<...
...co
•UI
......
......
TIME FUEL AND DISTANCE TO CLIMB
:>
i6 n
~
:D~
Tl\
.~
%.
I
:t
EXAMPLE:
AIRPORT ALTITlJDE
1570 FT.
CRUISE ALTITlJDE
BSIIO FT.
TIME TO CLIMB 119.1·2.51-18.8 MIN.
FUEL TO CLIMB 13.3-.51-2.8 GAl..
DISTANCE TO CLIMB 127-4)-23 NM 126 SM)
15,000
:DC
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONI:
~R
FULL THROTTLE
MIXTlJRE
RECOMMENDED LEANING SCHEDULE
CLIMB SPEEDS-lAS AS SCHEDULED
TEMPERATlJRE- STANDARD DAY liSA)
FUEL DENSlTY- 8.0 US. P£R U.s. GAl..
220D LBS.
WEIGHT
~
P>
I
;t
~
tV
0
~
.:1
>"
Z
o
m
IIU
IU
...
ALTITUDE
IN FEET
!
IU
CI
i=
..
~
C
..
IU
. ..
..
II:
::I
1:1
eUIi8SPEED
KT15
MPH
7B
s.L.
BO
- 2500
- 260D; - ·4500· "77 . . ·IS·
4!iOD
78
6500
B8
8IiDO - B500
75
B7
Il&OO
74
- 10600
B8
10600
73
- 12500
85
i:! .. 10000 ..
5,000
IU
f
NOTE: Add 8 pounds of
fuel for ltart. tIIxi,.1Ind
. _lOf(.
lCI
(0
5::2
S.L
6
()
0
(j,77
c
0'
c~
1b
1
II
I
It
1
~
0
C
5:r
•
20
.rJ
10 :1115
TIME TO eUIi8- MlN\ITEII
15
3
..
6'
40
II
46
150
m::l
II
r"n
»
>s
u,)
7
>n
FUEL USED DURING CLI. . - GAL
-
61
-
0::1
:::tC
m,
mCj
Figunl6-7. TIma FUll ... DiItanaJ 10 Climb
-I)
-....
~.
>c
:::tn
'--:;
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
''"tl"lflFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
CRUISE PERFORMANCE
CONDITIONS:
Recommended lean mixture, weight 2200 pounds.
- ..
,
RPM
'
'
-9"C !16"F I
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
~-.-:..
PRESSURE ALTITUDE 2000 FEET
2O"C ABOVE STD. TEMP
2O"C BELOW STD. TEMP
STANDARD TEMP
% TAS TA~ FUEL
% TAS TAS FUEL
% TAS, TAS FUEL
BHP KTS MPH GPH,
BHP KTS MPH GPH
BHP KTS MPH GPH
92
83
75
68
61
55
90
82
73
66
60
54
88
80
72
65
59
52
130
125
119
114
108
101
,
31"C 188"FI
11"C 152"FI
150 10.7
87 129 149 10.0
82
143 9,6
79 124 143 9.0
75
137 8.6
71 119 136 8.1
68
7.8 ~
131
61
65 113 130 7.4
124 7.Q
58 106 121
6.6
55
116 6.2
52 98 113 5.9
50
PRESSURE ALTITUDE 3000 FEET
-11"c I12"FI
9"C 148"FI
80
130 149 10.4
85 129 149 9.8
125 143 9.4
73
77 124 142 8.8
119 137 8.4
70 118 136 8.0
66
60
113 130 7.6
63 ,112 129 7.2
54
57 105 121 6.5
107 123 6.8
100 115 6.1
51 97 112 5.8
50
P.RESSURE ALTITUDE 4000 FEET
-13"C IgoFI
7"C 145°FI
83 129 149 9.6
79
129 149 10.1"
75 124 142 8.6
124 143 9.2'
71
68 118 135 7.8
65
119 137 8.2
128
62 111
59
7.0
113 130 7.4
56 103 119 6.3
54
106 122 6.7
49
51
96 111
5.7
98 tl3 5.9
129 148
123 142
118 135
127
103 118
96 110
9.5
8.6
7.7
7.0_
6.3
5.7
29"C
129
123
117
110
103
95
184°FI
148
142
134
126
118
108
9.2
8.4
7.6
6.8
6.2
5.6
27"C
129
122
116'
109
102
93
181°FI
148
141
133
125
117
107
9.0
8.1
7.4
6.7
6.1
5.5 '
''''
Figure 5·8. Cruise Performance (Sheet 1 of 3)
Issued: January 15, 1977
5-17
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
CRUISE PERFORMANCE
CONDITIONS:
Recommended lean mixture, weight 2200 pounds.
,
RPM
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
PRESSURE ALTITUDE 6000 FEET
20"C BE LOW STD_ TEMP
STANDARD.TEMP. 2O"C ABOVE STD. TEMP
% TAS TAS FUEL
% TAS TAS FUEL
% TAS TAS FUEL
BHP KTS MPH GPH
BHP KTS MPH GPH
BHP KTS MPH GPH
_15°C 15°FI
5"<: 14loFli
25"C 177°FI
86 130
713 124
70 119
64 112
58 105
52 98
149
142
136
129
121
113
9.9
8.9
8.1
7.3
6.5
5.9
81
73
67
60
55
50
129
123
i17
110
1()2
95
148
142
135
126
118
109
9.3
8.4
7.6
6.9
6.2
5.6
77
70
63
57
53
48
128
122
115
107
100
92
147
140
132
123
115
105
8.8
8.0
7.2
6.5
6.0
5.5
PRESSURE AL TITUDE 6000 FEET
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
2200
84
76
69
62
56
51
-17"C I2"FI
129 149
124 142
lIB 136
111 12B
105 120
97 112
9.6
8.7
7.9
7.1
6.4
5.8
79
72
65
59
54
49
3"C 1311"FI·
128 14B
123 141
116 134
109 125
102 117
94 108
9.1
B.2
7.4
6.7
6.1
5.6
75
68
62
56
52
48
23"C 174°F I
128 147
121 139
114 131
107 123
99 114
B9 103
8.6
7.8
7.1
6.4
5.9
5.4
PRESSURE ALTITUDE 7000 FEET
-l9"C 1-2"FI
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
82
74.
67
61
55
129
123
118
110
102
148
142
135
127
lIB
9.4
8.5
7.7
6.9
6.2
1"C 134°FI
77
70
64
5B
53
128
122
i15
107
101
147 8.B
141,' 8.0
132. 7.3
124 6.6
116 : 6.0
2l"C 170"FI
73
67
61
56
51
127
120
113
106
97
146
138
130
122
112
8.4
7.6
6.9
6.3
5.B
Figure 5-8. Cruise Performance (Sheet 2 of 31
5-18
Issued: January 15, Yi1?'1"
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
':'",<MfiU)E L AA-5A CHE ETAH
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
CR,UISE PERFORMANCE
CONDITIONS:
Recommended lean mixture, weight 2200 pounds.
NOTE:
Shaded aiea represents operation with full throttle. IF.T.)
RPM
PRESSURE ALTITUDE 8000 FEET
20"C ABOVE STD. TEMP
STANDARD TEMP
2O"C BELOW STD. TEMP
% TAS TAS FUEL
% TAS TAS FUEL
% TAS TAS FUEL
BHP KTS MPH GPH
BHP KTS MPH GPH
BHP KTS MPH GPH
tflt9,,:,
:.~""',
73
66
60
54
128
'::0,.';,'
123
117
110
102
147
" . 9.1 :
'('
.~
142
134
126
118
19"C (67°FI
-1"C (31°F I
21°C (-6"FI
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
I
',:x. ,.,..
8.3
7.5
6.8
6.1
75
69
63
67
52
128
121
114
107
99
147
140
132
123
11~
8.6
7.9
7.1
6.5
5.9
72
65
59
55
51
126
119
111
104
96
145
137
128
120
110
8.2
7.4
6.7
6.2
5.7
PR'ESSURE ALTITUDE 9000 FEET
. -J"C (2T.'FI
-23"C (-9"FI
2700
2600
2500
2400
2300
;,7ii
71
64
58
53
126
122
116
108
101
145
141
133
125
116
8.7
8.1
7.3
6.6
6.0
73 126 145
;38
67
61' 113 130
56 106 1,22
51
98 112
120
17"C (63"FI
8.3
70
64
59
54
50
7.7
7.0
6.3
5.8
125
118
111
108
93
144
136
128
118
107
8.0
7.3
6.6
6.1
5.7
PRESSURE ALTITUDE 10,000 FEET
_25° (-l3"FI
F.T.
2600
2500
2400
2300
7i
70
63
57
52
123
li2
115
107
100
142
140
132
123
115
15"C (59"FI
-5"C (2:fFI
8.1
8.0
7.2
6.5·
5.9
69
123
60
55
51
111
105
96
"66 i iii
142
7.9
13j 7.5
128
120
110
6.8
6.2
5.7
."
68
62
58
53
49
123
116
107
101
91
~ oj',
"
142
.".
134
126
116
105
~.'
I
7.7
7. i
6.5
6.0
5.6
PR~SSURE ALTITUDE 11,000 FEET
-7"C (20"FI
-27"C (-l6"FI
('
-
2600 •• ~ 57
2500
62
2400
56
_1119
114
107
137
131
123
7.6
7.0
6.4
65
64
59
54
119
118
111
108
137
136
129
118
lJ"C (45°F I
7.4
7.3
6.7
6.1
64
61
57
53
119
116
108
99
137
133
124
114
I
7.3
7.0
6.4
6.0
Figure 5-8 .. Cruise Performance ISheet 3 of 3)
ReJised: July 15,1978
5-19
"0 til
CRUISE SPEEDS
Cf1
mm
::oC"l
p.,,)
o
'TI-I
EXAMPLE:
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
PRESSURE ALTITUDE-8500 FT
POWER SETTING
68%
CRUISE WEIGHT-2,200 LBS
TEMPERATURE-STANDARD DAY (lSA)
TRUE AIRSPEED
0 0-
::0
s:Z
l>c.T1
Z
120.4 KTS
(139 MPH)
C"l
m
NOTE: Cruise speeds are shown for airplane with wheel fairings. Wheel
fairings increase speed approximately 3.5 KTS (4 MPH).
POWER SETTING
14000
!, i:
iii'
, 83 BHP 155% MCP)
I-
w
w
.....
w
o
12~HP (50% MCP)
FULL THROTTLE
ttl: Ill: III 'Ji
98 BH~ ,165%.,MCP)
1000
::l
l-
i=-'
800
...J
<t
w
6000
Cl
a:
<II
<II
c::
I'D
Co
::l
<f.I
<f.I
W
4000
a..
2000
a:
s:c
Or
, : , I III Til
O'TI
1113 BHP (75% MCP)
m
::0
l>m
l>l>
'-
'"c::
::J
SL
'"...,
-<
.....
75
80
85
i i i
.U1~
90
CQ"
~,
95
100
90
95
I
lOS
i
100
I
105
I
110
I
115
I
110 115 120 125 130
TRUE AIRSPEED
120
I
135
125
130
o,s:
KTS
l>l>
C"ls:
::r::m
m::o
m
_
-IC"l
t ,-----.--------"1
140 145
150
MPH
l>l>
::r::Z
Figure 5-9. Cruise Speeds
-.,j;
''-..-/
tll
r-l
''---./
\.J
C'S::C)
::0
<
[
'-
I:
-<
-"
.(J'1
-"
co
-..j
f. OC
C r
RANGE PROFILE -:r7 GALLONS
STANDARD DAY liSA)
III
~
~
•.
EXAMPLE:
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
PRESSURE ALT-B500 FT
POWER SETTING-68%
RANGE
467 NM
IS37SM)
WEIGHT - - - - - 2 2 0 0 LBS BEFORE ENGINE START
AVIATION GASOLINE
FUEL
FUEL DENSITY
6.0 LBS PER U.S. GAL.
INI,TIAL FUEL LOADING-37 U.S. GAL. 1222 LBS) USEABLE
MIXTURE
RECOMMENDED LEANING SCHEDULE
!XI
NOTES:
1)
2)
Range includes start. taxi. and climb with 45 minutes reserve at 50% MCP.
Cruise speeds are shown for airplane with wheel fairings. Wheel fairings increase speeds approximately
3.5 KTS 14 MPH).
m
"TT
r en
~;
~m
u,~
~~
n~
:::r:~
mm
m::o
-1~n
:::r:~
Z
POWER SETTINGS. CRUISE TRUE AIRSPEED IN KNOTS
14000
'OWER SETTINGS
I I I I 1 I I I I II I I I
FULL THROTTLE
119
w
C
:I
I-
9
10000
8000
127
117tttttl1 04'
II
i I
65% MCP
i=
...I
«
w
c::
'"c::
w
'114 ' ,
123
:I
",-
20
102
IDID
55% MCP
0..
"t:I
m
::0
"TT
Oen
1
119tp±ttttttitttt'1.12I! 1I11 / / III 10
440
Cf1N
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
RANGE - NAUTICAL MI LES IZERO WIND)
Figure 5·10. Range Profile - 37 Gallons Fuel
520
530
::om
~n
~:::!
zO
n Z
m(J'1
RANGE PROFILE - 51 GALLONS
STANDARD DAY liSA)
9'1
f\J
f\J
~CIl
m
EXAMPLE:
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
PRESSURE AL T--8500 FT
POWER SETTING--68%
WEIGHT
2200 LBS BEFORE ENGINE START
FUEL
AVIATION GASOLINE
FUEL DENSITY
6.0 LBS PER U.S. GAL.
INITIAL FUEL LOADING-51 U.S. GAL. (306 LBS) USEABLE
MIXTURE
RECOMMENDED LEANING
SCHEDULE
RANGE
NOTES:
686 NM
(789 SM)
1)
2)
:TI
:oC"l
..,,-i
0 0:0
s:Z
l>'"
Z
C"l
m
Range includes start, taxi, and climb with 45 minutes reserve at 50% MCP
Cruise speeds are shown for airplane with wheel fairings. Wheel fairings increase speeds approximately
3.5 KTS (4 MPH)
CRUISE TRUE AIRSPEED IN KNOTS
I-
:!l
...
12000
FULL THROTTLE
19
·1·-< '-000
105
uJ
C
~
i=
en
~
iii
Co
"-
III
%
...iii
8000
c:(
C'l
s:c
75% MCP
6000
Or-
O.."
uJ
a:
~
m
-I-
4000
123
114
en
g:
2000
SL
620
$f1
.CO
119
:0
l>m
l>l>
630
i
I
640
650
I
:
660
670 680
690
700
710
720
RANGE - NAUTICAL MILES (ZERO WINDI
---
c:"s:
l>l>
101
112.
730
Cll
r--i
102
uJ
-<
.-
"-..I
"
127 ,
-r-t-~
....I
740
750
760
C"ls:
m:o
m_
-iC"l
:I:m
770
Figure 5·11. Range Profile - 51 Gallons Fuel
l>l>
:I:Z
\........./
",-,i
"--../
~~-~
---~--~~-
-~-~----
,fc
f.
on
on
ENDURANCE PROFILE - 37 GALLONS
STANDARD DAY liSA)
c:
'"Co
':l
'"c:
-<'"
,01
lf =:
EXAMPLE:
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
PRESSURE AL T 8500 FT
POWER SETTING -68%
WEIGHT
FUEL
'FUEL DENSITY
INITIAL FUEL LOADING MIXTURE
ENDURANCE -
3:58
HR:MIN
co
""
NOTES:
~
w
...
12000
I
w
o
~
w
,
,
800 )
~
127
w
105
11~ , '
,
,
1000
,
,
,
, ,
~
6000- 75% MCP
,
,
,
123
,
, 117
~
~
65% MCP
,
, ,114
95
"
'55% MCP
,
50% MCP
102
95
"tl
m
:0
200
S,L
3:20
W
»C"l
:::I:»
Z
•
C1.
C!'
mm
m:o
-1_
93
Il:
N
:::I:=:
,
104
,I'
400 n
»::0
»=:
C"l»
, m
(1»
,
,
I
~
en
en
2200 LBS BEFORE ENGINE START
AVIATION GASOLINE
6.0 LBS PER U.S. GAL.
37.0 U.S. GAL (222 LBS)
RECOMMENDED LEANING SCHEDULE
POW,ER SETTING
FULL THROTTLE
<C
Il:
,CJl
, : CRUISE TRUEAIRSP.EED IN KNOTS
~
5
mOl
»-1
are
1400
w
~o'
1) Endurance includes start, taxi, and climb with 45 minutes resenle fuel.at 50% MCP.
'21- Cr.Jise,Speeds
shown .for airplane equipped with .wheel fairings. Wheel fairi;'gs increase speed approximately
3.5 KTS (4 MPH).
~
G)
'!foe
Ol
J:JU
119
3:4U 3:bU
112
4:00 4:10 4:20 4:30 4:40 4:50
ENDURANCE - HR:MIN
101
5:00
5:10
Figure 5·12. Endurance Profile - 37 Gallons Fuel
5:20
5:30
95
5:40
oCJl
:om
=:C"l
»::!
zo
C"lz
m01
C!f
-cen
mm
ENDURANCE PROFILE - 51 GALLONS
STANDARD DAY (ISA)
N
A
;IJC")
'T1-i
EXAMPLE:
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
PRESSURE AL T-B,500 FT
POWER SETTING-6B%
WEIGHT
FUEL
FUEL DENSITY
INITIAL FUEL LOADINGMIXTURE
ENDURANCE - - 5:47
HR:MIN
NOTES:
0;IJO
2200 LBS BEFORE ENGINE START
AVIATION GASOLINE
6.0 LBS PER U.S. GAL.
51.0 U.S. GAL. (306 LBS)
RECOMMENDED LEANING SCHEDULE
s:Z
>(J'I
Z
C")
m
1) Endurance includes start, taxi, and climb with 45 minutes reserve fuel at 50% MCP.
2) Cruise speeds are shown for airplane equipped with wheel fairings. Wheel f~irings increase speed approximatelv
3.5 KTS (4 MPH).
POWER SETTING, CRUISE TRUE AIRSPEED IN KNOTS
I-
14000 I!"OWE R SETTI NG
W
l"-
12000
w
FULL THROTTLE.
\1 II I I I Id-
I
w
0
:l
o
f.127
1- 0'
....I
<t
w
in
c:
II>
c:
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on
Co on
w
<-
III
:::J
c:
III
c:
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...
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....
:t.e
+
-+H
~123
a:a
SL
5:'10
I
'
"
"
,
I
' ,
-A119
'
5:30
5:40
5:50
T
55% MCP
65% MCP-/
~
114"'f"l"
m
II ,1_l-hI
11~
C)
8±t:t
50% MCP
. ,
I
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':rr.!..
5:20
tf I
95t
104'
•
I I I! J
..,
<
0
r+,r~%MC
2000
,1111111:::
f
.'
1-'
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119
i
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or
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men
r-i
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11II1IN R=f:
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»
c:"s:
»
c")s:
:em
95
101 '
6:00 6:10 6:20
7:00
ENDURANCE - HR:MIN
7:'10
7:20
7:30
7:40
7:'50
8:00
8:10
rTI-;IJ
m
_
-iC")
»
Figure 5-13. Endurance Profile - 51 Gallons Fuel
,'"'-.I
"
'-..,.../
~
:ez
~
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
I
SECTION 5
PERFORMANCE
LANDING DISTANCE
ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS:
Power - Off
Flaps - Down
Runway - Hard surface (level & dry)
Braking - Maximum
NOTES:
1. Decrease distance 4% for each 5 knots headwind.
2.
For operations with tailwinds up to 1Q knots, increase distance by 9% for
each 2.5 knots.
SPEED
t-
ala
iii...l
1
I~
~
AT 50 FT.
MPH
a: a: u'" a: a: u
C!1
C!1
lll
a: a: u
C!1
lll
a: a: u
lll
C!1
108"
1148
1218
1296
1384
385
406
431
458
489
1114
1180
1253
1335
1428
2000
60
69
S.L.
342
360
379
402
427
986
1038
1098
1165
1241
351
369
390
413
440
1011
1067
1130
12QO
1280
359
379
400
425
453
1037 368 1063 377 1090
1095 388 1125 398 1154
1162 411 1194 422 1227
1236 437 1272 449 1308
1319 466 1359 480 1399
381
~33
351
371
393
912 325 93i1
959 342 984
1012 360 1040
1072 381 11~3
1139 405 1174
,
333
350
369
391
416
957
1009
1068
1134
1209
S.L.
-I--'
2000
4000
6000
8000
I
1800
:
lll
375
396
419
445
474
I'
,
a: a: u
366 1057
2000 385 1116
4000 432 1183
6000 ~32 1257
8000 460 1342
'I
,
i.!
c
c
a: ' . Z...I a: . Z...I a: . Z...I a:
Z...I a: . Z...I «I«I-lL.
«I:J...I «I:J...I
:J...I
lL :J...I
lL :J...I «IlL
lL
w0
w 0 00 w
w 0 0 0 ...1
w
0 0 ....1
0 0 ...1
...10 0 0 ...1 0
70
.,
i
c
40"C
(104"FI
61
i
, i
c
30"C
(86"F I
2200
,'
,
a:
~
20"C
(68"FI
10,,{;
(50"FI
C
C!1
, .1
:,
«
. ..,:
!:l1L
w
KIAS
O"C
(32"FI
...:...I
5P
67
S.L.
2000
4000
6000
8000
394
417
443
471
504
341
359
379
402
428
1144
1212
1289
1375
1472
404
428
455
485
518
1173
1245
1325
1415
1516
980 348 1004
1035 367 1062
1097 389 1126
1166 413 1199
1244 440 1280
Figure 5-14. Landing Distance
Issued: January 15, 1977
5-25/(5·26 blank)
)
.~.
)
. --~.
I
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAf'J
"1- MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE /
EQUIPMENT LIST
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . . . . .
Airplane Weighing Procedures .
Preparation . . . . .
Leveling the Airplane '. . . . ..
Weighing the Airplane . . . . . .
Measuring Arm . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computing Center of Gravity ., . . . . .
Weight and Balance . . ' . . . . . . .
Cargo Loading .
Equipment List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I
II
.'
I
1,1
.\
I
·
·
·
·
·
. .6-3
.. 6-3
.. 6-3
.. 6-3
.. 6-3
.. 6-4
· .. 6-6
· .. 6-6
. 6-10
· . 6-15
' .......... '
:1
I
I
1
\
I
Issued: January 15, 1977
I
.. 1\
6-1/16-2 blank}
I
,,
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
,
i
I·~
I
I
I
INTRODUCTION
This section contains the procedure for determining the basic empty weight and.
moment of the AA-5A airplane. Sample forms and the corresponciing procedure
for their use are provide~ to enable a rapid ~alculation of the weight and moment
for various operations. A list of most commonly installed equipment for the
AA-5A airplane is also provided.
.
,
It should be remembered'that specific infor~ation on weight, arm, moment and
installed equipment for !In individual airpl~ne can only be found in the appropriate weight and balance records carried in tnat airplane.
AIRPLANE WEIGHING PROCEDURES
PREPARATION
i'j
I
'i': ',,---i
I
i
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
I nflate all tires to recommended operating pressure.
Drain all fuel from the tanks and fuel system.
Drain all oil from the oil system. '
Move sliding seats to center of tra\lel position.
Raise flaps to fully retracted position.
Place all controls in neutral position.
(7) Ensure that all objects not a part of the airplane or its accessories are
removed from the airplane.
(B) Slide canopy to provide a 6-inch opening between canopy and windshield.
LEVELING THE AIRPLANE
"
,
I
·1
I
(1) Place scales under each wheel (minimum capacity 1500 pounds for nose
wheel and 1000 pounds capacity for main wheels).
(2) Place carpenter's levels on cariopy track as shown in Figure 6,1.
(3) Level airplane both laterally and longitudinally by deflating one or two
tires until the bubbles in the levels center.
':'
':
WEIGHING THE AIRPLANE
J
I:
I
',1
I
i~
(1) Remove the levels, and close canopy.
(2) With airplane level and brakes released, record the weight shown on
each scale as shown in Figure 6-2.'
(3) Deduct tare (chocks, etc.) from the scale readings and record the result
in the weighing form.
.
I
I
Issued: January 15, 1977
6-3
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE!
EQUIPMENT LIST
GUlFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
MEASURING ARM
(11 Obtain measurement A (Figure 6-21 as follows:
A. .Stretch a string laterally across the airplane from the axle center of
one main landing gear to the axle 'center of the other.
B. Connect a plumb b~b such that it hangs from the engine firewall
to the floor.
.
C. Using a tape, measure the distance from the plumb bob to the
string stretched between the main landing gear.
)
(11 Open the canopy approximately six inches;
(21 Level airplane longitudinaliy by placing a short spirit level on the right
canopy rail forward of the pilot's seat, and deflating nose tire or main
gear tires to center the bubble.
(31 Level the airplane lateraliy by placing a 4-foot carpenter's level across
the canopy rails at windshield and differentially deflating main gear
tires to center the bubble. Close canopy.
Figure 6-1. Airplane leveling.
6·4
Issued: January 15, 1977
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCEI
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAI-!
DATUM
STATION
l':rALL
~~
N
Scale Position
B
L&R
Scale Reading
Tare
Symbol
Left Wheel
Ri!lht Wheel
Nose Wheel
Total of Net Weights
~
Net Weight
L
R
N
W
Calculate Arm (in inchesl as follows:
NOTE
(50+AI
50- (B - AI
L
= NOSE LANDING GEAR ARM (IN INCHESI
= NOSE LANDING GEAR ARM (IN INCHESI
=WEIGHT OF LEFT MAIN LANDING GEAR (IN POUNDSI
=WEIGHT OF RIGHT MAiN LANDING GEAR (IN POUNDSI
= WEIGI-fT OF NOSE LANDING GEAR (IN POUNDSI
R
N
C.G. Arm
=
((50 + AI (L + RII + (50 - (B -All N
L'+R+N'
:
:
Item
Weig~t
C.G. Arm
Momentl
1000 Lbs. In.
T
Airplane Net Wei(lht (W)
Oil 8 Qt. at 1.875 Lb.lQt.
Unusable Fuel 1.0 Gal. at 6 Lb.lGal.
Equipment Changes
Airplane Basic Empty Weight
"
15.0
32.0
6.0
94.8
.4R
~7
Figure 6-2. Sample Airplane Weighing
Issued: January 15, 1977
6-5
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
D. Record measurement A in the weighing form (Figure 6-21.
(21 Obtain Measurement B (Figure 6-21 as follows:
A. Ensure that the nose wheel is set straight along the centerline of
the airplane.
B. Using a tape, mea~ure from thE! center of the nose gear axle to the
string stretched between the main landing gear wheels.
C. Record measurement B in the Weighing Form (Figure 6-21.
')
COMPUTING CENTER OF GRAVITY
(11 Using the weights previ04sly recorded, calculate the airplane net weight
(WI, per Figure 6-2.
(21 Using the weights and measurements previously recorded, calculate the
C.G. Arm according to the formula in Figure 6-2.
(31 Enter the airplane net weight (WI and C.G. Arm obtained in Steps (1)
and (21 in the Airplane Basic Empty Weight Form at the bottom of
Figure 6-2.
'
(41 Obtain moment by multiplying weight times C.G. Arm and dividing by
1000. Enter moment in the appropriate column.
(51 Add the entries in the weight column to obtain the AIRPLANE BASIC
EMPTY WEIGHT.
(61 Add the entries in the MOMENT/lOoo Lbs. In. column to obtain the,
AI RPLANE BASIC EMPTY WEIGHT MOMENT.
'
WEIGHT AND BALANCE
The following information will enable you to fly your AA-5A within the prescribed weight and center of gravity limitations. To calculate the weight 'and
balance for your AA-5A, use the Sample Problem (Figure 6-31, Loading Graph
(Figure 6-41 and Center of Gravity Envelope (Figure 6-51 charts as follows:
Write down the "Licensed Empty Weight" and "Mortlent" on the Sample Loading
Problem chart (Figure 6-31 under the column marked "your airplane" from the
Weight and Balance Data sheet (and/or changes listed on FAA Form 3371 included with your airplane pap~rs. Also add all additional weights and their
corresponding moments (obtained from the "loading graph"l of items to be
carried on the flight. Plot the tot~1 weight and moml1nt on the "Center of Gravity
Envelope" chart (Figure 6-51 and if the intersectio~point is within the envelope,
the loading is acceptable.
'
6-6
Issued: January 15, 1977
)
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCEI
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH:
SAMPLE AIRPLANE
SAMPLE LOADING
PROBLEM
WEIGHT
(LBS.)
ARM
UN.,
MOMENT
(LB.-IN.
YOUR AIRPLANE
WEIGHT
(LBS.I
AR~
MOMENT
(LB.-IN.
UN.I
/1000\
/10001
..
"1. Licensed Empty
Weight (Typical)
.. 1262
83.4
105.25
---
2. Oil (8 qts.) 1 qt.
= 1.875Ibs.
15
32.0
.48
---
222,
90.9·
20.18
3. Fuel (in excess of
unuseable)
Standard Tanks
(37 gal.)
Long Range Tanks
(51 gal.) .
..
94.81
4. Pilot and Co-Pilot
340
90.6
30.80
6. Rear Seat Passengers
340
26.0
42.84
"6. Baggage (in baggage
compartment) Max.
allowable 120 Ibs.
21
51.0
3.17
8. Total Airplane
Weight (loaded)
2200
92.17
32.0
---
90.9
---
94.81
---
90.6
-----
--- 126.0
--- 151.0 ---
--- 116.4 ---
~ 16.4
7. Cargo Area
Max. allowable
3401bs.
-------
---
?02.72
-
NOTE: Change in moment from upright
to fold-down posit.ion of rear seat
is negligible.
.
"Maximum allowable is 120· pounds if C.G. is ~ithin Center of Gravity Envelope.
Refer to Cargo Loading i!nd Weight and Bahince Section for cargo loading instructions.
Figure 6-3. Sample Loading Problem
Issued: January 15, 1977
6·7
!I
I
m:::E en
Omm
C-C'1
Cl
Co
-Gl:::!
"'tl:J:O
Add weight of items to be carried to airplane licensed
empty weight. Add moment/1 000 of items to be carried
to total airplane momentl1ooo. Use Center of Gravity
Envelope to determine acceptability.
!S:-I Z
~QOCl
-ICJ
rl>
-r
enl>
-I Z
C'1
m
.......
500
LOADING. GRAPH
z~ 400
I
I
I
CARGO
PILOT & CO-PILOT
::l
0-
Q. .
ST D""fUEl (379al; useable 61bs.lgal';)
~ 300 OPT FUEL (51 gaCuseable- 6Ibs:/gal.1
REAR SEAT PASSENGERS
I-
~
c:J
~
200
I
0
~
9
100
Gl
!S:C
or
BAGGAGE
'"
'"c:
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men
II)
Co
o
~
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
r-l
55
::c
l>m
l>l>
MOMENTI1000 INCH POUNDS
'"::::Ic:
...
<'"
ci1!S:
l>l>
C'1!S:
:J:m
m::c
m_
.0'1
.-
co
-IC'1
Figure 6-4. Loading Graph
~
~
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~)
l>l>
:J:Z
V"j
"
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE!
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
II
'1
:0
'0
iN
IIQ
IN
10
I;::
QI
C.
I
0
en
0
.;..; 0
Z
~
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.,,
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0
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>-
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80
....QI
....0
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0
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ch
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0
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....I....uZ
•
o
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N
0
0
'0
0
0
~
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0
o.
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0
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r--
0
0
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0
0
III
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saNnOd NI .1Hm3M .1:flfl:l3l:1l'11 a3a'l101
Issued: January 15, 1977
6-9
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALM CEI
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
CARGO LOADING
Prior to loading cargo, fold down rea~ seats as follows: (See Figure 6-6.1
(11
(21
(3)
(4)
Rel~ase front seat latches ~nd slide front seats forward.
Unsnap rear seat back cusllions and remove cushions from seat back.
Fold seat bottom forward until it rests on floor.
Unlatch seat back latches and fold seat back forward until it rests on
seat frame.
With rear seats folded down, in the cargo configuration, no passengers are allowed
in the cargo area.
Place plywood or other suitable material under all high density cargoes to
distribute the loads and prevent damage to the floors or supporting structures.
Figure 6-7 shows alternate seating or cargo arrangements, and provides the
moment arms to various loading points within the airplane.
Figure 6-B shows cargo belt arrangements for USe in restraining cargo, in both the
rear seat area and in the baggage compartment. The rear seat shoulder harness
may be removed and used to secure items in the cargo area when the rear Seats are
folded down in the cargo 'configuration. These harnesses may be hooked to any of
the exposed lap belt attachment points as shown in the cargo belt diagram.
Internal cabin dimensions are presented in Figure 6-9.
6-10
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
i
.'
.'
'1
'I
I
!
I
Figure 6-6. Rear Seat Stowage
Issued: January 15, 1977
6·11
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SEATING-CARGO ARRANGEMENTS
90_6
126.0
REAR
PASSENGERS
')
./
151.0"
• Arms measure to center of area shown.
)
Figure 6-7. Seating - Cargo Arrangements
6-12
Issued: January 15, 1977
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
"--...-.
LAP BELT
ATTACHMENT
POINTS
LAP BELT
ATTACHMENT
POINTS
"0" RING
CARGO BELT
ALTERNATE ARRANGEMENTS
..
"
I:" ~
Figure 6-8; Cargo Belt Arrangement
Issued: January 15, 1977
6-13
SECTION 6
WEIGHT 81 BALANCEI
EQUIPMENT LIST
GUlFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEl AA·5A CHEETAH
'-.
)
DIMENSIONS IN INCHES
CANOPY
UN OPEN
POSITION)
..............
------.-~
BAGGAGE
DOOR
CANOPY OPENING - 34 INCHES
BAGGAGE DOOR OPENING - 14 X 24 X 12 INCHES
)
Figure 6·9. Internal Cabin Dimensions
6-14
Issued: January 15, 1977
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
EQUIPMENT LIST
The following equipment list contains equipment normally available for the
AA·5A airplane. A separate equipment list of items installed in your specific
airplane is provided in your airplane file. The following list and the specific list for
your airplane have a similijr order of Ijsting.
NOT~:
If additional equipr(1ent is to 'be
installed, it must be done in accordance
with 'the reference drawing, accessory
kit instructions, or a' separate FAA
approval.
Refer to applicable FAR's for a listing
of specific equipment r~quired for each
mode of airplane operation.
Columns showing weight (in pounds) and arm (in inches) provide the weight and
center of gravity location for the equipment.
1~
I
:j
NOTE
Unless otherwise indicated, true values
(not net ,change values) for the weight
and arm are shown. Positive arms are
distances aft of the airplane datum;
negative arms are distances forward of
the datum.
.,
"
iI
i
I
II
i
I
!
I.
I
!:
\...../
Issued: January 15, 1917
6·15
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
I
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN AA·5A CHEETAH
)
EQUIPMENT LIST
STATUS OF EQUIPMENT: X = Installed in Airplane
o = N~t Installed it:' Airplane
MODEL AA·5A SERIAL NO. _ _ REG. NO. _ _ D.ATE _ _ __
STATUS
WEIGHT
ITEM
ARM
STANDARD EQUIPMENT
Powerplant, Lycoming 0·320·E2G
Alternator, 12V, 60A
Mechanical Fuel Pump
Quick Drain Oil Valve
Engine Primer
Muffler
Oil Cooler
Electric Fuel Pump
Fuel Selector Valve
Fuel Tank Quick Drains
Propeller, McCauley lCl72/BTM 7359
With Aluminum Spacer B·4381
With Steel Spacer B·4425
Spinner
Battery, 12V, 25 Ampere·hour
Voltage Regulator, 12V
Standard Wiring System
Main Wheel, Tire & Brake (two 6.00 X 6, Type III)
Nose Gear Shock Absorber Installation
Nose Wheel, Tire & Tube (5.00 X 5)
Wheel Hub Covers
Toe·Operated Brake
Parking Brake
Electrical Flaps
Audible Stall Warning
Aileron & Elevator Lock
Pitot System (Std.)
Paint Scheme (lmron)
Step Strips
Wing & Tail Tiedown Rings
Canopy Latch
Soundproofing
285.26
26.23
---------
---
36.78
48.23
2.67
22.30
.80
1.36
34.90
4.31
8.70
.07
2.80
.74
9.56
.61
.08
1.78
6.00
.05
.15
.10
1.88
8.01
8.64
4.32
47.00
49.00
41.30
100.15
46.55
36.10
71.33
54.43
65.75
124.40
64.32
71.00
122.65
118.98
89.50
111.70
86.50
100.00
13.50
3.16
2.17
.55
.20
-----
---
23.30
36.00
48.50
76.40
93.50
.~
)
)
Revised: February 15, 1978
6·16
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCEI
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH,'
"--..-.'
STATUS
ITEM
WEIGHT
ARM
STANDARD EQUIPMENT (Continued)
!
Headline, Fabric
Cabin Heating System
Cabin Air Ventilators
Center Console, Fore & Aft
Instrument Panel Glare Shield
Chart Holder
Baggage Tiedown Rings
Baggage Straps
Front Seats
Seat Belts
Shoulder Harness
Armrests, Front & Rear (4)
Ashtrays (2)
Glove Compartment
Coat Hook
Fold Down Rear Seats
Head Rests, Rear
Airspeed Indicator
or True Airspeed Imli!,!ator
Altimeter (Std.)
Instrument Cluster
Recording Tachometer
Fuse Holder & Spare Fuses
Quick Drain Oil Valve (Exchange)
Magnetic Compass
Heated Pitot (Exchange)
Cabin Dome Light
Instrument Lights
Navigation Lights
OPTIONAL EQUIPM!=NT
126.BO
52.39
66.03
95.60
65.75
70.00
14B.40
150.00
92.50
119.65
132.B3
109.65
115.00
6B.00
105.40
126.BO
136.BB
6B.50
6B.50
6B.00
69.25
69.00
69.00
.6B
.97
.37
.06
.95
70.77
BB.Ol
124.00
69.00
111.70
.BB
.BB
LOB
.BB
.BB
.BB
6B.00
6B.00
66.9B
66.B6
66.B6
66.B6
---
.
Altimeter, Sensitive (Feet & MB)
or Altimeter, Se~si~ive (Feet & In/Hg)
Encoding Altimeter AR-BOO Narco
,
or B040B-15K A!lH~ Mach
or 5035PZ-P~5 Uni~ed Inst.
or 5035P-P22 Unite~ 'n§~.
,I
.54
5.2B
2.2B
2.40
1.66
.OB
.40
.30
24.50
2.50
4.32
.BB
.20
.53
.02
25.90
1.00
.50
.50
1.12 ,
.4B
.62
.01
---
"--":
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Issued: January 15, 1977
6-17
SECT ON 6
WEIC HT & BALANCE/
EQU'?MENT LIST
~'US
r-----
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
ITEM
WEIGHT
ARM
10.55
2.40
1.50
.25
.33
3.38
.38
4.60
.40
59.69
66.56
44.50
75.00
69.50
110.00
69.20
83.50
69.25
2.00
.33
1.00
.58
1.04
3.10
.25
16.36
4.30
2.52
5.05
.22
.50
7.50
1.17
136.00
119.00
105.04
80.25
231.60
101.96
79.40
99.76
35.01
127.68
127.68
68.50
68.25
60.81
17.35
4.31
6.42
46.55
223.51
4.89
4.32
7.08
7.78
9.88
62.14
61.05
62.16
62.38
60.38
14.02
3.13
.13
3.72
4.02
4.82
59.81
75.52
69.00
60.42
60.6~
61.54
OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT (Continued)
I
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Gyro System (With Vacuum System)
Turn Coordinator - Indicator
Auxiliary Power Receptacle
Cigarette Lighter
Clock (Electric)
Corrosion Proofing
Outside Air Temp. Indicator
Fire Extinguisher
Hour Meter
Tinted Windows
Tow Bar
Rear Seat Ventilation System
Front Seat Head Rests (2)
Sunvisor (2)
Beacon, Omni Flash
2-Light Strobe Installation
Map Light
Wheel Fairings, Main Gear
Wheel Fairing, Nose Gear
Outside Step (L.H.)
Outside Step (Both L.H. and R.H.I
Alternate Static Source
Vertical Speed Indicator
Dual Controls
Landing Light
Storage Box Installation
Nose Gear Shock Absorber Installation
Glider Tow Hitch Installation
Narco
AT-50A Transponder
AT-150 Transponder
Com 10/Nav 10 Com/Nay Transceiver
Com 11 A/Nav 11 C~m/Nav Transceiver
Com l1A/Nav 12/i.JGR 2A Com/Nay Transceiver
Com llA/Nav 14/UGR 2A/DGO 10 Com/Nay
Transceiver
MBT·12 Marker Beacon (Jess light)
Marker Beacon Light Assembly
Nav-121 Nav Receiver
Nav-122 Nav Receiver
Com-120 Transceiver
---
---
---
---
Revised: December 15, 1977
6-18
SECTION 6
WEIGHT & BALANCE/
EQUIPMENT LIST
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
(
ITEM
STATUS
"---"
OPTIONAL
EQUIP~ENT
WEIGHT
ARM
(Continued)
Narco (Continued)
CP-125 Audio Panel
EL T-l 0 Emergency Lo!=ator Beacon
EL T -1 OC Emergency Locator Beacon
ADF-140 ADF Receiver
'
DME-190 D¥E Inc,licator
King
KX-170B/201C Nav/Com Transceiver
KX-170B/214C Nav/Com Tran~l=eiver
KX-175/KI-210C Nav/Com Transceiver
KX-175/KI-211 C Nav/Com Traflsceiver
KT-78 Transponder
KR-85/KI-225 ADF Receiver
KMA-20 Marker Beacon Receiver
KT-76 Transponder
KI-203/208 YOR Indicator
KI-204!209 YOR/Glideslope lridicator
Collins
VHF-251
VIR-351/IND-350/VHF-251
VHF-251/V1 R-351/IND-351/GLS-350
RCR-650/IND-650/ ANT-650
TDR-950/ Antenna
AM R-350/Antenna
Sidetone Intercom
Century I Autopilot
Century liB Alltopilot
Microphone In~tallation
Turn and Bank Installation
Pantionics H.F. DX10RA
Bendix ADF
1.69
3.62
2.70
9.36
6.60
67.55
233.40
233.40
97.21
66.41
10.33
10.53
10.33
10.53
3.21
7.89
2.38
3.21
2.60
2.90
65.02
65.07
65.02
65.07
65.24
83.65
68.27
65.24
67.30
67.30
4.40
9.02
11.46
6.60
2.27
2.80
.25
4.64
10.85
.50
1.94
14.00
18.60
62.32
63.02
61.37
103.81
67.11
67.78
69.50
67.58
61.92
91.80
68.00
120.57
71.47
,)
Revised: December 15, 1977
6-19/(6-20 blank}
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GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEl AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
)
'.
• ·1
"
Introduction ..
Airframe . . . .
Flight Controls
Flaps
Instrument Panel
Console . • . . . . .
Ground Control . . .
Landing Gear System .
Baggage Compartment . . • . .
Seats and Belts
Cargo Configuration .
Canopy . . . . . . .
Control Locks . . . .
Engine . . . . • . . .
Engine Controls .
.
Engine Instruments . . _ .
New Engine Break-in and Operation .
Engine Oil System . . .
Ignition-Starter System . . . .
Air Induction System . . . . .
Exhaust System . . . . . _ . .
Carburetor and priming System
Cooling System
Propeller . .
Fuel System
Brakes . . .
Issued: January 15, 1977
. . . . ..
.7-3
.7-3
.7-4
.7-4
.7-4
.7-4
.7-6
• .. 7-6
.' • • • . • . . • • • • • • • • • . 7-6
. . . . 7-7
. . . • • • • . • • • . • • • • 7-B
.7-B
· .7-B
· .7-9
· .7-9
.7-9
7-10
7-10
7-11
7-12
7-12
7-12
7-12
7-13
7-13
7-13
7-1
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODE L AA-5A CHEETAH
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Pa~
Electrical System . . . . . . . ' ..
Master Switch . . . . . . ',' .
Ground Service Plug Receptacle
Lighting Systems ..
Exterior Lighting '"
Interior Lighting . . . .
Cabin Dome Light . . .
Instrument Panel Lights
Map Light . . . . . . .
Cabin Heating, Ventilating and Defrosting System
Heating - Defrosting System . .
Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Pitot-Static System and Instruments
Airspeed I ndi,cator . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vertical Speed (Rate of Climbllndicator
Altimeter . . . . . . . . . .
Vacuum System and Instruments
'Attitude Indicator ..
Directional Indicator
Suction Gauge . . . .
Stall Warning System "
Avionics Support Equipment
7-2
7-15
7·15
7-17
7·17
7·17
7·18
7·18
7·18
· 7·18
7·18
7·18
7·19
7·21
7·21
7·22
7·22
7·22
7·22
.7·22
· 7,24
7·24
· 7·24
Issued: January 15, 1977
............
)
)~
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
G
INTRODUCTION
This section describes the operation of the airplane and its various systems. Since
some of the equipment described herein is optional it may not be installed on
your particular airplane. Refer to Section ~. Supplements. for details of other
optional equipment and systems.
.
AIRFRAME
The AA-5A is an ali-metal. four-place. low-w·ing. single-engine airplane. equipped
with tricycle landing gear; and designed for ~neral utility uses.
The cabin portion of the fuselage is constructed of bonded metal honeycomb
panels assembled to form a rigid structure. Flat bonded metal floor panels extend
the length of the cabin Qrea and baggage cqmpartment. The aft fuselage is constructed of sheet aluminum
panels bonded to form a semi-monocoque structure.
.
~
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Passenger and crew entrance into the cabin!,rea is provided by a sliding canopy.
which may be closed and latched. or opened partially during flight. In addition to
providing convenient access to the cabin. the canopy arrangement also provides
excellent visibility for the pilot and passengers. Access to the baggage compartment (behind the rear se'!ts) is provided by a baggage door on the left side of the
fuselage.
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A tubular spar carry-through. located beneath the pilot's seat. provides the attachment points for the wings and main landing gear. This arrangement provides the
AA-5A airplane with an !!xtremely strong center section.
The full cantilever, modified laminar flow Vl{ings contain integral fuel tanks. They
are constructed of stamped metal ribs adhesive bonded to the metal wing skin,
and supported by a tubular spar extending,.the length of the wing. This type of
structure provides an ex~!!ptionally strong wing with smooth, unmarred surface.
Clean aerodynamic surfaces contribute significantly to the excellent performance
of the AA-5A airplane. The integral fuel tanks are located on the inboard ends of
the wings to provide a centralized sO\Jrce of f~el to the engine.
The AA-5A empennage consists of a conven.t!onal vertical stabilizer/rudder, and a
horizontal stabilizer incor.porating a conventional elevator with an anti-servo tab.
Both horizontal and vertical stabilizers are of conventional rib-stiffened structure
with the ribs bonded to' a metal skin. The elevator is of the anti-servo type,
providing a very responsive control with rela~ively light control pressures required.
l~
Issued: January 15, 1977
7-3
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
FLIGHT CONTROLS
The control surfaces are operated by a combination of torque tubes and conventional cable systems. The elevator anti-servo trim tabs are located on the
elevator trailing edges and are actuated manually by tl;1e trim wheel located on the
center console. Ground adjustabl~ tabs on die rudder and ailerons provide a
simple method of adjusting directional and lateral trim.
FLAPS
Electrically operated flaps provide a full range of settings by means of a spring
loaded, three position switch. The flap actuator switch is held down until the flap
position indicator shows the desired flap angle; when released, it returns to
neutral, and flap travel stops.
CAUTION
A B RU PT L Y RELEASING THE
SWITCH MAY CAUSE IT TO SNAP
THROUGH THE NEUTRAL DETENT,
INTO THE RETRACT POSITION.
INSTRUMENT PANEL
The instrument panel (Figure 7-1) employs a unique "eyebrow" design which
shields the windshield from panel reflections during night flights. The eyebrow
also houses the instrument panel lights which are controlled by a switch rheostat
(OF F and INTENSITY) located just above the throttle. Other panel switches are
the rocker type.
CONSOLE
The center console serves as a front seat divider and provides a storage clip for the
microphone. It also houses the microphone jack, the flap switch, flap position
indicator, trim wheel, trim position indicator, ash tray, cigarette lighter, fuel
selector valve, and fuel gauges.
..
7-4
Issued: January 15, 1971
)
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
'"---,,,
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
6.
7.
B.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
16.
16.
17.
lB.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
2B.
CLOCK (OPT"
TURN AND BANK INDICATOR (OPT"
AIRSPEED INDICATOR
DIRECTIONAL GYRO (OPT.}
HORIZON GYRO (OPT.)
VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (OPT.)
ALTIMETER
TACHOMETER
ADF INDICATOR (OPT.)
RADIO SELECTOR SWITCH (OPT.)
OMNI HEAD (OPT"
OMNI HEAD (OPT.)
AUTOPILOT CONTROL (OPT.)
AMPLIFIER SWITCH (OPT.)
COMM/NAV EQUIPMENT IOPT.)
AMMETER
OIL TEMPERATURE 9AUGE
OIL PRESSURE GAUGE
FUEL PRESSURE GAUGE
SUCTION GAUGE
HOUR METER (OPT"
GLOVE COMPARTMENT
VENT CONTROLS, R.H., L.H.
FUSES
VENT LOUVERS. R.H., L.H.
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
PARKING Bf)AKE
PRIMER
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
3B.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
4B.
49.
50.
' 51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
MIXTURE CONTROL
FUEL GAUGES, R.H., L.H.
FUEL SELECTOR
ASH TRAY
CIGARETTE LIGHTER (OPT.)
FLAP SWITCH
TRIM TAB·CONTROL
TRIM POSITION INDICATOR
FLAP POSITION INDICATOR
MICROPHONE
MICROPHONE SWITCH
THROTTLE
CABIN HEAT CONTROL
CARBURETOR HEAT CONTROL
INSTRUMENT LIGHTS CONTROL
LANDING LIGHT SWITCH
FLASHING BEACON SWITCH (OPT.)
STROBE LIGHT SWITCH (OPT"
PITOT HEAT SWITCH (OPT.)
NAVIGATION LIGHTS SWITCH
FUEL PUMP SWITCH
EL T SWITCH (OPT.)
STARTER SWITCH
MASTER SWITCH
ALTERNATOR WARNING LIGHT
EARPHONE JACK
IGNITION SWITCH
MICROPHONE JACK
Figure 7-1. Instrument Panel
Revised: December 15, 1977
7·5
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL.AA-5A CHEETAH
GROUND CONTROL
Since the AA-5A nose wheel is free-castering, ground control during taxiing is
accomplished by use of differential braking. Application of left brake causes the
airplane to turn left and right brake causes a right turn. Due to the fact that the
nose wheel swivels approximately 90" either side of center, the AA-5A is capable
of turning in a very tight radius (less than 20 feet).
)
During ground handling the airplane should be pushed and controlled by use of
the tow bar provided with the airplane.
CAUTION
USING THE PROPELLER FOR
GROUND HANDLING COULD
RESULT IN SERIOUS DAMAGE, ESPECIALLY IF PRESSURE IS
EXERTED ON THE OUTER ENDS.
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO.PUSH THE
AIRPLANE BACKWARD WITHOUT
THE AID OF A TOW BAR. THIS
ACTION COULD RESULT IN THE
NOSE WHEEL PIVOTING ABRUPTLY
AND DAMAGING THE NOSE WHEEL
STOPS.
LANDING GEAR SYSTEM
The FACE SAVE R® main landing gear struts are of tough, laminated fiberglass to
achieve outstanding shock absorption and good ground stability. The nose gear is
free-castering to approximately.90" on either side of the centerline, which gives
good maneuverability on the groiJnd.
BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT
The baggage compartment occupies the area extending from the back of the rear
seats to the aft cabin bulkhead. This bulkhead also contains a hat shelf. Access to
the baggage compartment is gained through a lockable baggage door on the left
side of the airplane, or from within the airplane cabin. Two tiedown straps extend
diagonally across the baggage compartment, for use in securing luggage. For loading information regarding the baggage compartment see Section 6. When loading
the airplane, children or pets should not be placed or permitted in the baggage
compartment, and any material that might be hazardous to the airplane or its
occupants should not be taken aboard. The baggage door can be opened from
inside the airplane by actuating the sliding latch attached to inside the door. For
baggage area and door dimensions refer to Section 6.
.
,
7·6
Issued: January 15, 1977
)
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GUlFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
',---"
SEATS AND BELTS
Contoured front seats are individually adju~table fore and aft using the adjustment levers located on the outboard side of 'each seat. The front seat backs fold
, forward for easy access t~ the rear sea~.
CAUTiON
THE SEAT RELEASE;ADJUSTMENT
HANDLES MQVE IN A
HORIZONTAL DI RECTION. IF
FORCE IS APPLIED TO THE HAND l E SIN THE 'V E R TIC A l
DI RECTION THE SEAT ADJUSTMENT MECHANISM MAY BE
DAM,AGED.
~
NOTE'
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"---"
SHOULDER BELTS ARE PROVIDED
FOR' YOUR SAFETY.' BE SURE TO
USE THEM. THE SHOULDER BELT
FASTENS TO THE ~ND OF THE
OUTBOARD lAP BELT, AllOWING
BOTH BELTS TO BE FASTENED OR
REMOVED IN ONE, OPERATION.
lAP AND SHOULDER PELTS MAY BE
NEATLY STOWED BY HANGING
THEM ON THE SID!; PANEL SUPPORTS PROVIDED.
lAP BEL TS SHOULD BE ADJUSTED
TO LIE lOW ON TH,E HIPS, WITHOUT ANY SLACK. SHOULDER
BE lTS SHOULD LI~ OVER THE
OUTER SHOUlDER~AND ACROSS
THE CHEST, WITH j.uST ENOUGH
SLACK FOR THE ;'WEARER TO
REACH ALL CONTROLS COMFORTABLY.
Issued: January 15, 1977
7-7
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
CARGO CONFIGURATION
)
The rear seat and seat back may be folded forward to provide a large cargo area.
Both front seats should be in the full forward position to swing the rear seat
bottom up and fold it forward.
NOTE
When the rear seat bottom is folded for·
ward, the rear seat back must be folded
down.
The rear seat shoulder harness may be removed arid used to secure items in the
cargo area when the rear seats 'are folded down in the cargo configuration. The~e
harnesses may be hooked to any of the exposed lap belt attachment points as
shown in the cargo belt diagram in Section 6.
CANOPY
Entry into and exit from the airplane is accomplished by releasing the canopy
latch and sliding the canopy aft. The canopy latch is actuated by an external
handle on the front center of the canopy and an internal handle located inside the
canopy at its front center. The external handle opens the latch by counter·
clockwise rotation and the internal handle opens the latch by rearward movement. A lock to the left of the external handle provides a means of externally
locking the canopy. The canopy' is designed to open a longitudinal distance of 34
inches and is limited by stops. See Section 6 for canopy entrance dimensions. The
canopy may be partially opened rn flight to provide ventilation or better visibility.
However, THE CANOPY MUST BE COMPLETELY CLOSED AND LOCKED
WHEN FLYING AT AIRSPEEDS IN EXCESS OF 113 KCAS (130 MPH). The
cabin windows aft of the canopy are of the fixed type and cannot be opened.
CONTROL LOCKS
A control lock is provided to lock the elevator ~ontrol surfaces in the down
position and the ailerons at neuttal, to prevent damage to these systems by wind
buffeting while the airplane is parked. Having the controls locked in the down
position prevents takeoff with the lock insta"e~. The lock consists of a shaped
steel rod with a red metal flag' attached to it. The flag is labeled CONTROL
LOCK, REMOVE BEFORE STARTING ENGINE. To install the control lock,
align the hole on the top of the pilot's control wheel shaft with the hole in the
top of the shaft collar on the instrument panel and insert the rod into the aligned
holes. Proper installation of the locI< will place the red flag over the ignition
switch. The control lock and any other type of locking device shoulded be removed prior to starting the engine.
7·8
Issued: January 15, 1977
)
)
1
.1
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
.
.;
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
ENGINE
The airplane is powered by a horizontally-opposed, four-cylinder overhead-valve,
air-cooled, carburetor equipped engine with a wet sump oil system. The engine is
a Lycoming Model (}320-E2G and is rated at 150 horsepower at 2700 RPM.
Major accessories mounted on the enginejnc\ude a direct-drive starter and
belt-driven alternator on the front of the ermine, dual magnetos, an engine-driven
fuel pump, a full flow oil filter, and a vacuum pump on the rear of the engine.
ENGINE CONTROLS
Engine power is controlled by a throttle loca~ed on the lower center portion of
the instrument panel. The throttle operates in a conventional manner; in the full
forward position, the throttle is open, and in the full ah position, it is closed. A
friction lock, which is a round knurled disk, is located at the base of the throttle
and is operated by rotating the lock clockwise to increase friction' or
counterclockwise to decrease it.
The mixture control, mounted to the right of the throttle, is a red knob with
raised points around the circumference. The i'ich position is full forward, and full
aft is the idle cut-off position. To adjust the mixture, move the control forward or
aft.
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The carburetor heat control is the square knob mounted to the left of the
throttle. When this control is pushed in, ambient air is routed through the air
filter and into the carburetor. When the control is pulled out, the ambient air is
routed through a heater m!Jff surrounding th~ muffler; where it is heated prior to
induction into the carburetor.
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ENGINE INSTRUMENTS '
:
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Engine operation is monitored by the following instruments: oil pressure gauge,
oil temperature gauge, tachr;lmeter and fuel pressure gauge.
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The oil pressure gauge, which is mounted in the instrument cluster on the right of
the instrument panel, is operated directly by oil pressure from the engine. Gauge
markings indicate a minimum idling pressur~ of 25 PSI (red line). a normal
operatin~ range of 60 to 90 PSI (green arc) and a maximum allowable pressure of
100 PSI (red l i n e ) . '
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The oil temperature gauge, which is also mounted in the instrument cluster, is
operated by an electrical resistance type temperature sensor powered by the
airplane electrical system. Oil temperature Ii'mitations are the normal operating
range (green arc) which is 75°F (24°C) to 245°F (118°). Maximum allowable (red
line) is 245°F (118~C).
.Issued: January 15, 1977
7-9
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
~.
The engine-driven mechanical tachometer is located near the lower center portion
of the instrument panel. The instrument is marked in increments of 100 RPM and
indicates engine speed. An hour meter below the center of the tachometer dial
records elapsed engine time in hours, tenths, and hundredths. Instrument markings include a normal operating range of 2200 to 2700 RPM. Maximum (red linel
at any altitude is 2700 RPM.
A fLiel pressure gauge, on the instrument cluster, indicates fuel pressure to the
carburetor in pounds per square inch. The gauge is operated by fuel pressure.
Gauge markings are 0.5, 5 and B PSI with a red line at 0.5 PSI and B PSI. A green
arc extends from 0.5 PSI to B PSI to indicate the normal operating range.
NEW ENGINE BREAK-IN AND OPERATION
The engine underwent a run-in at the factory and is ready for the full range of
use. It is, however, recommended that power be maintained at 75% or more until
a total of 50 hours has accumulated. This will ensure proper seating of the rings.
The airplane is delivered from the factory with corrosion preventive oil in the
engine. If, during the first 25 hours, oil must be added, use only aviation grade
straight mineral oil conforming to Specification No. MI L-L-60B2 (Figure 1-21.
ENGINE OIL SYSTEM
Oil for engine lubrication is supplied from a sump on the bottom of the engine.
The capacity of the engine sump is eight quarts. Oil is drawn from the sump
through an oil suction strainer into the engine-driven oil pump. From the pump,
oil is routed to a bypass valve. If the oil is cold, the bypass valve allows the oil to
go directly from the pump to the oil filter. If the oil is hot, the bypass valve
routes the oil out of the accessory housing and into a flexible hose leading to the
oil cooler on the left rear of the engine. Pressure oil from the cooler returns to the
accessory housing where it enters the oil filter. The filtered oil then enters a
pressure relief valve which regulates engine .oil pressure by allowing excessive oil
to return to the pump, while tHe balance of the oil is circulated to various engine
parts for lubrication. Residual oll·is returned to the sump by gravity flow.
Issued: January 15, 1971
7-10
)
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
An oil filler cap/oil dipstick is located at the rear of the engine on the right side,
and is accessible through the engine cowling lor thl ough the oil filler access door).
The engine should not be operated on less than six quarts of oil. To minimize loss
of oil through the breather, fill to seven ql,Jarts for normal flights of less than
three hours. For extended flight, fill to eight quarts (dipstick indication only).
For engine oil grade and specifications, refer to Section 8 of this handbook.
"-----'
,
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An oil quick-drain valve is available to replace the drain plug in the oil sump drain
port, and provides quicker, cleaner draining of the engine oil. To drain the oil
with this valve installed, slip a hose over the '"md of the valve and push upward on
the end of the valve until it snaps into the open position. Spring clips will hold the
valve open. After draining, use a suitable toql to snap the valve into the extended
(closed) position and rem9ve the drain hose.'
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IGNITION-STARTER SYSTEM
,II
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)
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Engine ignition is provided by engine-driven dual magnetos, and two spark plugs
for each cylinder. The right magneto fires 'the lower right and upper left spark
plugs, and the left magljeto fires the lower left and upper, right spark plugs.
Normal operation is conducted with both 'magnetos due to the more complete
burning of the fuel-air mi~ture with dual igni~ion .
Ignition is controlled by'a rotary, key-actuated switch located near the bottom
left of the instrument panel. The switch is labeled clockwise; OFF, R, L, BOTH.
, The engine should be operated with the switch in the BOTH position except for
starting and magneto checks. When the engine is started the ignition switch should
be placed in the L (left ,magneto only) position to minimize thepLssibility of
starter damage should there be an engine "kickback". Once the engine is started
the switch should be set to BOTH, except for magneto checks, since extended
engine operation on one magneto could result in spark plug fouling.
CAUTION
PRESSING THE STARTER BUTTON
WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING CAN
R!=SULT'IN STARTER OR ENGINE
DAMAGE.
,
.
:r
The starter button is located immediately to the left of the ignition switch. When
the master switch is on, the starter button actuates the starter as long as the
button is depressed. Upon engine startup, the button should be released immediately.
'
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Issued: January 15, 1977
7-11
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM
The engine air induction system receives ram air through an engine air intake in
the cowling nose cap. The ram air passes through a duct to the air filter located
beneath the carburetor. This filter contains a filter element which removes dust
and foreign matter from the air prior to its entry into the carburetor.
When carburetor heat is being applied, a iiapper valve in the intake to the air filter
is closed off and the carburetor then draws its input from a shroud around the
engine muf~ler; See Section B for air filter servicing requirements.
EXHAUST SYSTEM
Exhaust gas from each cylinder passes through riser assemblies to a muffler and
tailpipe. The muffler is constructed with a shroud around the outside which forms
heating chambers for cabin and carburetor heat air.
CARBURETOR AND PRIMING SYSTEM
The engine is equipped with an updraft, float-type, fixed jet carburetor mounted
on the bottom of the engine. The carburetor is equipped with an enclosed accelerator pump, simplified fuel passages to pre'lent vapor locking, alJ idle cut-off
mechanism, and a manual mixture control. Fuel is delivered from the fuel system
to the carburetor by an engine-driven fuel pump, oj- an auxiliary electric fuel
pump. In the carburetor, fuel is atomized, proportionally mixed with intake air,
and delivered to the cylinders through intake manifold tubes. The proportion of
atomized fuel to air is controlled, within limits, by the mixture control on the
instrument panel.
For easy starting in cold weather, the engine is equipped with a manual primer.
The primer is actually a small pump which draws fuel from the-fuel strainer when
the plunger is pulled out, and injects it into the cylinder intake ports when th/3
plunger is pushed back in. The plunger knob, on the instrument panel, is equipped
with a lock, and, after being pushed full in, must be rotated either left or righ~
until the knob cannot be pulled out.
COOLING SYSTEM
Ram air for engine cooling enters through two intake openings in the cowling
nose cap. The cooling air is directed around the cylinders and other engine areas
by baffling, and is then exhausted through openings in the bottom of the cowling.
Issued: January 15, 1977 .
7-12
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
PROPELLER
The AA-5Ais equipped with an all-metal, two-bladed, fixed-pitch propeller,
MCCauley Corp. No.1 C172/BTM 7359.
FUEL SYSTEM
The AA-5A's fuel system 'Figure 7-2) consists of two tanks with a total capacity
of 3B gallons, of which 37 gallons are usable '(or optional tanks with ~'capacity of
52.6 gallons) two sump tanks 'one in each wing root fairing), independent fuel
gauges and a fuel selector villve. The fuel tanks are vented and equipped with two
main fuel lines in each tank, located to ensyre fuel supply in all normal flight
attitudes. The flush mounted fuel tank vents are located in the bottom of the
outboard wing panels, just forward and inbpard from the wing tie downs. A
mechanical fuel pump, mQunted on. the engir')e, transfers fuel from the tanks to
the carburetor.
. .
J
An auxiliary electric fuel pump supplements the engine-driven pump. Fuel pressure is indicated on a gauge in the engine instrument cluster, located to the right
of the radio section of the instrument panel. The .electric pump should be turned
on if the engine-driven pump fails as noted by a loss of fuel pressure. The electric
fuel pump can also be used to provide fuel pressure redundancy during low
altitude operation, such as ~uring takeoff and landing.
There are four fuel drains on the airplane. One is located in each fuel tank, and
one in each sump tank. They can be reached under the front side of the wing at
the wing root on each side of the airplane. A drain cup is provided (in the glove
box) for draining fuel wl1ich should be inspected for water or sediment contamination, prior to each flight.
BRAKES
The brakes are toe-operated, single-disc hydraulic systems with integral parking
brakes. The brakes provide all steering control while taxiing. At speeds above 13
KIAS 115 MPH) to 17 KIAS '20 MPH), the/udder becomes fully effective and
brake steering is not necessary. The parking brake is set by pressing the toe
brakes; pulling the parking brake knob; then releasing brake pedal pressure. To
release, push the parking brake knob i!1, then'press the toe brakes firmly. Parking
brakes are operated from th:e left side only. ;;
.
Issued: January 15, 1977
7-13
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
THROTTLE CONTROL
UJ
)
,::: .. ~r
~ .-- -J
1lt
.
jCARBURETOR
Itl __
-l'
1·'1 FUEL PRESSURE
~...1
MIXTURE CONTROL
)ENGINE.DRIVEN
\
AUXILIARY'
FUEL PUMP
GAUGE
.
FUEL PUMP
1,1
AUXILlARY~
,'::;:;':JJ
FUEL PUMP .,~. Z -'0
SWITCH
TO ENGINE
fi
ENGINE
l'l
~
PRIMER~.
j' '/]1'
i;J
'''\ '., ....
FUEL TANK SELECTOR
&
' .. '
FUEL QUANTITY GAUGES
0"
~!~~FUEL TA=~:-:JJ:tll
~~~TFUEL
FUEL
I r_
{
\.FUEL
..
VENT
(FLUSH)
SUMP TANK
).--.."
.\
STRAINER
QUICK DRAIN
FUEL TANK
&
SUMP TANK
VENT
(FLUSHI
.----CODE - - - - - -...
c:::JFUEL SUPPL Y
c:::JVENT
-----MECHANICAL LINKAGE
..,.......... ELECTRICAL CONNECTION
Figure 7·2. Fuel System
7·14
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
The electrical system (Figure 7-3) uses a 14-volt, 50-amp alternator with internal
power diodes which delivers DC power directly to the main bus through a 5D-amp
circuit breaker. An external voltage regulator controls the alternator output voltage and automatically adjusts the battery char!ling rate to maintain proper charge.
The electrical system ammeter is located in the engine instrument cluster and
indicates current charge (+)' and discharge (-~~f the battery.
The master switch is a split rocker type which serves two functions. One side
(master! energizes the battery circuit for engine starting and operating electrical
systems with the engine OFF. The other side (alt) energizes the alternator field
circuit which produces the!!lectrical field in t~e alternator.
If the alternator fails as indicated by a battery discharge indication on the ammeter, the alternator side of the master s~itch can be turned OFF and the
airplane systems then oper"ted on the existing battery voltage.
"---"
"j
The alternator circuits are protected by a 50-amp alternator circuit breaker and a
5-amp alternator field circuit breaker. Should ~ither of these breakers open due to
excessive current in the system, they should be reset after waiting at least 15
seconds. If either breaker will not reset, the alternator side of the master switch
should be turned OFF and the airplane systems then operated on existing battery
voltage.
Overvoltage protection is provided by a diode attached to the field circuit breaker
forward of the instrument panel. A sustained overvoltage condition will result in
failure of the diode and subsequent opening of the alternator field circuit breaker.
not reset until the fault is corrected and the diode replaced.
This breaker
will
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Fuses and circuit breakers for the electrical systems are located on the lower right
side of the instrument panel, and spare fuses are mounted in the right side of the
glove compartment. Electrical switches for exterior lighting and accessories are
located at the right of the pilot's control column.
The engine's dual-magneto ignition system is completely independent of the airplane electrical system, al1P will continue to-operate in the event of an electrical
system failure.
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MASTER SWITCH
The master switch is a split;rocker type switch labeled MASTE R, and is ON in the
up position and OF F in the down position. The right half of the switch,labeled
BAT, controls all electrical power to the airplane. The left half, labeled ALT,
controls the alternator.
'
Issued: January 15, 1977
7-15
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
BATTERY
MAGNETO
SWITCH
)'
AUX POWER
RECEPTACLE
Figure 7·3,
7·16
Electrical System (Sheet 1 of 2)
Revised: December 15, 1977
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
ALTERNATOR
AUTO PILOT
RADIO 1
RADIO 2
RADIO 3
RADIO 4
FIELD
NOTES:
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INST 110 NAV
&1978 Model and subsequent.
~IGHTS
TURN'1Io
BANK
LANDING
I.IGHT
FLASHER
BEACON
FUEL
GAUGES
STALL HORN
OIL TEMP
I
FLAPS
i
PITOT HEAT
1
FUEL PUMP
STROBE
STARTER
,
CODE
t
;CIRCUIT BREAKER (PUSH.TO·RESET)
(0
FUSE
.... DIODE
Fiqure 7·3 Electrical System (Sheet 2 of 2)
Revised: December 15, 1977
7.16a/(7·16b blank)
.------
).
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
Normally, both sides of the master switch should be used simultaneously; however, the BAT side of the switch could be turned ON separately to check equipment while on the ground. The AL T side of the switch, when placed in the OFF
position, removes the alternator from the electrical system. With this switch in the
OFF position, the entire electrical load is placed on the battery.
CAUTIPN
DO NOT TURN OFF BAT SWITCH AT
ANY TIME THAT ALTERNATOR IS
OPEflATING.
GROUND SERVICE PLUG RECEPTACLE
,
A ground service plug receptacle may be installed to permit the use of an external
power source for cold weather starting and during lengthy maintenance work on
the airplane electrical syslem. The receptacle is located under a cover plate, on the
cowling on the right side of the fuselage.
NOTE
When external power is used, voltage
transients may be intrQduced into the
elect~ical system. Ensure ·that all radios
and other electronic equipment remain
deenergized when external power is be·
ing applied to the airplane.
Just before connecting an external power source (generator type or battery cartl,
the master switch should be turned off.
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
EXTERIOR LIGHTING
Conventional navigation .Iights are located on the wing tips and tail cone. A
landing light is installed in the nose cap, am;! a flashing beacon is mounted on top
of the rudder. In arldition, strobe lights are~vailable for installation on each wing
tip. All external lights ar~ controlle!;! by rOGker type switches on the bottom left
of the instrument panel. The switches are ON in the up position and OFF in the
down position.
,-.
The flashing beacon should not be lIseu whim flying through clouds or overcast;
the flashing light reflected from water droplets or particles in the atmosphere,
particularly at night, can produce vertigo and loss of orientation.
Issued: January 15, 1977
7-17
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
The two strobe lights will enhance anti·collision protection. However, the lights
must be turned off when taxiing in the vicinity of other aircraft, or during night
flight through clouds, fog or haze.
)
INTERIOR LIGHTING
CABIN DOME LIGHT
A cabin dome light is provided for illuminating the seating area and baggage
compartment. It is controlled by a :3'position rocker switch which is located on
the fuselage side panel to the left of the pilot's control wheel. This location
provides easy operation by the pilot when in flight, and also convenient access
from the outside when entering the airplane at night. The switch forward position
illuminates the front cabin area, the center position is off, and the aft position
illuminates both the front and rear cabin areas. It is energizer! directly from the
battery regardless of the master switch position.
INSTRUMENT PANEL LIGHTS
The instrument panel lights are controlled by a rheostat mounted directly above
the throttle. This control turns off the instrument panel lights when it is rotated
fully counterclockwise. As the rheostat is rotated clockwise the bri!lhtness of the
instrument lights is increased.
.
)
MAP LIGHT
An optional map light may be installed on the AA·5A airplane. This light is
mounted on the left side of the windshield, and consists of a light mounted on a
flexible "gooseneck" shaft so that it can be positioned for map illumination.
When a map light is installed, the dome light switch also operates the map light.
CABIN HEATING, VENTILATING AND DEFROSTING SYSTEMS
HEATING·DEFROSTING SYSTEM
Cabin heating and defrosting temperature is controlled by the CABIN HEAT
control, located on the instrument panel above the throttle. When this control is
pushed in cabin heating is decreased, and when it is pulled nut cabin heatin!l is
increased. Figure 7·4 shows schematically the operation of the cabin heating,
defrosting, and ventilation systems.
)
7·18
Issued: January 15. 1977
1i
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
"
When cabin heat is turned on, and the sliding doors on the defrosting ducts are
closed, the heat is applied through vents near the firewall into the cabin beneath
the instrument panel.
When defrosting is desired, the sliding doors on the defrosting outlets (below the
windshieldl, can be opened to apply hot air dir~ctly to the windshield.
VENTILATION
As is shown in Figure 7·4, ventilation of the f!.A·5A airplane is accomplished by
adjustable vents that provide fresh air individujllly contro"able by each occupant.
Fresh air for the pilot and right front seat passenger is controlled by VENT
controls located at the bottom left and right corners of the instrument panel. The
air is directed through louv~red vents directly ~? the front seat occupants.
Maximum ventilation can be obtained by sliding the canopy open to the placard
marker on the canopy tr'!ck 'at speeds up to 11 ~ KI AS (130 MPHI.
Fresh air ventilation for the rear cabin area (~Ptional), is provided by adjustable
vents located just forward of the rear arm rests. They are operated by a twisting
motion and air may be directed by positioning the vent in the desired direction.
To obtain warm defrost air, pull out the cabin heat control (on the instrument
panell and slide open the defroster vents near. the lower edge of the windshield.
The fresh air vents also provide good defrost action when partially opened with
the louvers directed toward the side canopy.
When cool and high humidity conditions exist, do not use partial defrost as the
windshield may fog rapidly' on takeoff. Always check defroster position before
flight.
NOTE
The heater system and fr~~h air system
can be turned on simultaneously during
cold weather operations to provide a
comfortable cabin atmosphere.
Issued: January 15, 1977
.,.,
I
7·19
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
)
----
EXHAUST MUFFLER
DEFROSTER OUTlET
(BOTH SIDES)
FRESH AIR INLET
HEATER VALVE
VENTI LA TlON
INTAKEIVALVE
(BOTH SIDES)
CABIN AIR CONTROL
(BOTH SIDES)
CABIN AIR VENT
(BOTH SIDES)
CABIN HEAT AIR
OUTlET
CABIN HEAT
CONTROL
REAR CABIN AIR
VALVE/NOZZLE
(BOTH SIDES)
REAR AIR VENT
(BOTH SIDES)
. CODE
C= VENTILATING AIR
+-
HEATED AIR
.".
CONDITIONED AIR
---- MECHANICAL CONNECTION
Figure 7·4. Heating Defrosting System
7·20
Issued: January 15, 1977
.~
)
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
',,----,
PilOT-STATIC SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS
The pitot-static system supplies ram air pressure to the airspeed indicator and
static pressure to the airspeed indicator, vertical speed indicator and altimeter.
The system is composed of a pitot tube mounted on the lower surface of the left
wing, two external sta~ic ports, one on each side of the aft fuselage, and the
associated plumbing necessary to connett the instruments to the sources. The
static system also has a water drain.
The airplane may also be equipped with apitot heat system. The system consists
of a heating element in the pitot tube, a rocker-type switch labeled PI TOT HEAT
on the lower left side Qf the instrument panel, a 15 amp circuit breaker on the
lower right side of the instrument panel, and associated wiring. When the pitot
heat switch is turned on, the element in the pitot tube is heated electrically to
maintain proper operation in possible icing conditions. Pitot heat should be used
only as required.
AIRSPEED INDICATOR
The airspeed indicator is calibrated, in both knots (outer scale) and miles per hour
(inner scale). The limitat!ons and range markings are as follows:
,
Marking
Significance
White Arc
Green Arc
Yellow Arc
Red Line
Flap operating range
Normal operation
Caution range '
Never exceed speed
KCAS
53-104
55-130
130-165
165
MPH
61-120
63·150
150·190
190
If a true airspeed indicator is installed, it i~ equipped with a movable ring which
works in conjunction with the airspeed indicator dial in a manner simila'r to the
operation of a flight computer. To-operate the indicator, first rotate the ring until
pressure altitude is aligned with outside air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.
Pressure altitude should not be confused With indicated altitude. To obtain pressure altitude, momentarily set the barometric scale on the altimeter to 29.92 and
read pressure altitude on the altimeter. Be~ure to return the altimeter barometric
scale to the original barometric. se~ting aftFr pressure altitude has been obtained.
Having set the ring to cQrrect for altitude and temperature, then read the airspeed
shown on the movable ring by the indicator pointer. For best accuracy, this
indication should be corrected to calibratljd airspeed by referring to the Airspeed
Calibration chart in Section 5. Knowing the calibrated airspeed, read true airspeed
on the ring opposite the calibrated airspeed.
Issued: January 15, 1977
7-21
SECTION 7
AI RPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODE L AA-5A CHEETAH
)-
VERtiCAL SPEED (RATE OF CLIMB) INDICATOR
The vertical speed indicator depicts the airplane rate of climb or descent in feet
per minute. The instrument is actuated by an atmospheric pressure change supplied by the static source.
.
.
ALTIMETER
Airplane altitude is depicted by a barometric type aitimeter. A knob near the
lower left portion of the indicator provides adjustment of the instrument's
barometric scale to the proper barometric pressure reading.
VACUUM SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS
An engine·driven vacuum system (See Figure 7-5) is available and provides the
suction necessary to operate the attitude indicator and directional indicator. The
system consists of a vacuum pump mounted on the engine, a regulator and
vacuum system air filter on the aft side of the firewall below the instrument
panel, and instruments (including a suction gauge) on the instrument panel.
ATTITUDE INDICATOR
An attitude indicator is available and gives a visual indication of flight attitude.
Bank attitude is presented by a pointer at the top of the indicator relative to a
bank scale which is marked in increments of 10',20',30',60', and 90' either side
of the center mcrk. Pitch attitude is presented by a miniature airplane in relation
to the horizon bar. A knob at the bottom of the instrument is provided for
in· flight adjustment of the miniature airplane to the horizon bar for a more
accurate fIi!jht attitude indication.
DIRECTIONAL INDICATOR
A directional indicator is available and displays airplane heading on a compass
card in relation to a fixed simulated airplane image and index. The directional
indicator will precess slightly over a period of time, therefore, the compass card
should be set in accordance with the magnetic compass just prior to takeoff, and
occasionally re-adjusted on extended flights. A knob on the lower left edge of the
instrument is used to adjust the coriipass card to correct for any precession.
7-22
Issued: January 15, 1977
SECTiON 1
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SUCTION
GAUGE
'----'---¥
~
- "/
dJ:
VACUUMSYSTEM
AIR FILTER
/
Figure 7-5. Vacuum System
ISsued: January 15, 1977
i:
7-23
SECTION 7
AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS
DESCRIPTIONS
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SUCTION GAUGE
)
A suction gauge is located at the upper right of the instrument panel. Suction
available for operation of the attitude indicator and directional indicator is shown
by this gauge, which is calibrated in inches of mercury. The desired suction range
is 4.6 to 5.4 inches of mercury. A suction reading above or below this range may
indicate a system malfunction or improper adjustment, and in this case, the
indicators should not be considered reliable.
ST ALL WARNING SYSTEM
The AA-5A airplane is equipped with an electrically operated stall warning
system. Power to the system is supplied through the STALL HORN/OIL TEMP.
fuse from the airplane electrical system.
A lift detector, located on the leading edge of the right wing actuates the stall
warning system. As the airspeed and angle of attack of the wing change to the
extent that a stall condition is imminent, a portion of the air flow over the wing
leading edge lifts the tab on the lift detector_ The lift detector then completes a
circuit that applies electrical power to the stall warning horn located under the
instrument panel. The stall warning horn provides an aural indication of an
impending stall at approximately 5 KIAS to 10 KIAS above the stall speed.
AVIONICS SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
The AA-5A airplane may btl equipped with a wide variety of avionics and its
associated support equipment. Refer to the appropriate manufacturer's manuals
for information regarding the avionics installed in your particular airplane.
7·24
Issued: January 15,1917
.--.....
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 8
HANDLING, SERVICE,
& MAINTENANCE
SECTION a
AIRPLANE HANDL'NG, SERVICE &
MAINTEN.,ANCE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . .
Identification Plate
Publications . . . .
Airplane File
Airplane Inspection Periods
Pilot Conducted Preventive Maintenance
Alterations or Repairs
Ground Handling
Towing .
Parking
Tie-Down ..
Jacking . , .
Leveling . . .
Flyable Storage
Servicing . . . .
Engine Oil .
Oil Change . .
Fuel . . . . . .
Tire Service . .
Brake Service .
Battery Service
Cleaning and Care .
Exterior Care .
Windshield, Canopy and Window Care
Propeller Care
Interior Care . . . . . . . .
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.8·3
.8·3
.8-3
.8-3
.8-4
.8-5
.8-5
.8-5
.8-5
. 8~6
.8-6
.8·6
.8-7
.8-8
.8-8
.8-9
.8-9
8-12
8·12
8·12
8-12
8-12
8-12
8·13
8-14
8·14
''-.."
Issued: January 15, 1977
8·1/(8·2 blank)
)
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
I~
1
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SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
INTRODUCTION
This section contains the procedures recommel)ded by Gulfstream American Cor-I
poration for the proper ground handling and (outine care and servicing of your
AA-5A airplane. Also included in this se!=tion are ,the inspection and maintenance
requirements which must be followed if your airplane is to retain its performance
and dependability. It is recommended that a piflnned schedule of lubrication and
preventive maintenance be followed, and that this schedule be tailored to the
climatic or flying conditions to which the airplare is subjected.
Much valuable knowledge ar]d experience are available to you through your Gulf-I
stream American Dealer. It is suggested that you take advantage of the services he
offers, since he is an expert on your airplane and its maintenance. He will remind
you when lubrications and oil changes are necessary, and about other seasonal or
periodic services needed.
'
'
IDENTI FICATION PLATE
All correspondence regarding your airplane should include its serial number. This
number, together with the model number, typ~ certificate number, and production certificate number are ~tamped on the iqentification plate attached to the
left side of the fuselage beneath the horizontal s,tabilizer. On the upper left corner
of the firewall is a plate giving the finish and trim code number of the particular
airplane. This code number qescribes the interior color scheme and exterior paint
combination of the airplane. This code numb!!r should be included in any correspondence regarding items requiring identification of color or trim.
PUBLI CA TI ONS
j
When the airplane is delivered from the factory it is supplied with a Pilot's
Operating Handbook and supplemental data covering optional equipment
installed in the airplane.
:1
In addition, the owner may purchase the following:
"
"
"
"1
AA-5 Series Maintenance Manual
AA-5 Series Illustrated Rarts Catalog
AIRPLANE FILE
Numerous data, information and lice!')ses are req~ired by Federal Aviation Regulations and by the Federal Communications Commission as parts of the airplane
file. This file shall be maintained as a permenent record of the airplane. The
applicable FAA regulations should be checked: periodically by the owner to ensure that the file is current. The following checklist contains a listing of required
documents:
'
Revised: February 15, 1979
8-3
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
(1)
(2)
(3)
,
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
To be displayed in th!l airplane at all times:
1.
Aircraft Airworthiness Certificate (FAA Form B1OO-2)
2.
Aircraft Registr~tion Certificate (FAA Form B050-3)
3.
Aircraft Radio Station License, if a transmitter is installed (FCC
Form 556)
4.
All operating liJ.itations placards.
To be carried in the ~irplane at all times:
1. Weight and Balance, and associated papers (current copy of the
Repair and Alteration Form FAA Form 337, if applicable)
2.
Equipment list.
.
To be available upon request:
1.
Airplane Log Book
2.
Engine Log Book
The items listed are required by the United States Federal Aviation Regulations
and by the Federal Communications Commission (if a transmitter is installed).
Regulations of other nations may require other documents or data, therefore,
owners of airplanes not registered in the United States should check with their
own aviation officials to determine the requirements of the nation the airplane is
to be flown in.
lin addition to the forms listed, Gulfstream American suggests that the Pilo1
Operating Handbook be kept in the airplane at all times.
AIRPLANE II'ISPECTION PERIODS
As required by Federal Aviation Regulations, all civil airplanes of U.S. registry
must undergo a complete insP!lction (annual) each twelve (12) calendar months.
In addition to the required annual inspection, airplanes operated commercially
(for hire) must have a complete inspection every 100 hours of operation.
The FAA may require other inspections by issuance of airworthiness directives
applicable to the airplane, engine, propeller and components. It is the responsibility of the owner/operator to ensure compliance with all applicable airworthiness directives and, when the inspections are repetitive, to take appropriate
steps to prevent inadvertent noricompliance.
Revised: February 15, 1979
8-4
)
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SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
PILOT CONDUCTED PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
A certificated pilot who owns or operates an airplane not used as an air carrier is
authorized by FAR Part 43 to perform limited maintenance on his airplane. Refer
to FAR Part 43 for a list of the spel<!fic maintenance operations which are
allowed.
NOTE
"
Pilots. operating airpianes of other than
U.S:Jregistry should refer to the regulations of the country' of certification for
information on preventive maintenance
that may be perform~d by pilots.
A Maintenance Manual should be obtained prior to performing any preventive
maintenance to ensure that proper procedures are followed. Your Gulfstream
American Dealer should be contacted for further information or for required
maintenance which must be accomplished by appropriatilly licensed personnel.
ALTERATIONS OR, REPAIRS
I
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q
It is essential that the FAA be contacted prior to any alterations on the airplane
to ensure that airworthiness of the airplane is not violated. Alterations or repairs
to the airplane must be accomplished by licensed personnel.
I)
GROUND HANDLING
.,I:
TOWING
il
IiII
Towing of the airplane should be accomplished by the use of the nose gear tow
bar.
CAUTION
:,!·1
II
IiII
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'I
I!
11
i:I'
'i
I~
I
I
I
iI
II
USING THE PROPELLER FOR
GROUND HANDLING COULD RESl:jLT IN SERIOUS DAMAGE, ESPE.CIALLY IF PRESSURE IS EXERTED
ON THE OUTER' ENDS. DO NOT
ATTEMPT TO PUSH THE AIRPLANE
BACKWARD OR F,ORWARD WITHOUT THE AID OF A TOW BAR. THIS
ACTION COULD RESULT IN THE
NOSE WHEEL PIVOTING ABRUPTLY
AND DAMAGING THE NOSE WHEEL
STOPS.
Revised: February 15, 1979
8-5
I
SECTION 8
AI RPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
PARKING
When parking, head the airplane into: the wind. Do not set the parking brakes
during cold weather when accumulated moisture may freeze the brakes, or when
the brakes are overheated.
)
Care should be taken when using thll parking brakes for an extended period of
time during which an air temperature rise could cause the· hydraulic fluid to
expand. This in turn, could damage the brake system and/or cause difficulty in
releasing the parking brake. For prolonged parking, tie-downs and wheel chocks
are recommended.
Install the control wheel lock and chock the wheels. In severe weather and high
wind conditions, tie the airplane down as outlined in the following paragraph.
CAUTION
WHEN USING CHOCKS ENSURE
THA T THE CHOCKS DO NOT CONTACT THE LANDING GEAR WHEEL
FAIRINGS. USING CHOCKS THAT
ARE TOO HIGH COULD RESULT IN
DAMAGE TO WHEEL FAIRINGS.TIE-DOWN
)
Proper tie-down procedure is the best precaution against damage to the parked
airplane by gusty or strong winds. To tie-down the airplane securely, proceed as
follows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
Chock all wheels and install the control wheel lock.
Tie sufficiently strong ropes or chains (700 pounds tensile strength) to
the wing and tail tie-down fittings and secure each rope to a ramp
tie-down.
Ensure that the canopy is closed and latched.
JACKING
When it is necessary to jack the entire airplane off the ground, or when jack
points are used in the jacking operation, refer to the Maintenance Manual for
specific procedures and equipment requ'ired.
)
8-6
Issued: January 15, 1977
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
If nose gear maintenance is required, the nose w~eel may be raised off the ground
by pressing down on the root of the horizontal st~bilizer.
CAUTION
DO NOT ALLOW THE TAIL OF THE
AIRPLANE TO CONTACT THE
GROUND AS TAIL CONt: AND/OR
ELEVATOR DAMAGE MAY RESULT.
NOTE
Do not apply pressure on the outboard
horizontal stabilizer surfpces. When
pushing on the tail cone, a'iways apply
pressure' at the root of the horizontal
stabilizer to avoid buckling the skin.
)
Ensure that the nose will be held off the
ground 'under all conditions by means
of suitable stands or supports under the
firewall of the airplane. (See jacking in·
structions in the Maintenance Manual.)
I,
LEVELING
i
Level the airplane as described in Section 6.
1.1
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II
11I,
[I
Issued: January 15, 1977
8·7
SECTION B
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
FL Y ABL E STOR AGE
Airplanes placed in storage for a· maximum of 30 days or those which receive only
intermittent use for the first 25 hours are considered in flyable storage. Every
seventh day during these period!l, the propeller should be rotated by hand through
several revolutions. This action "limbers" the oil and prevents the accumulation
of corrosion on engine cylinder walls.
WARNING
CHECK THAT THE IGNITION
SWITCH IS OFF, THE THROTTLE IS
CLOSED, tHE MIXTURE CONTROL
IS IN THE IDLE CUT-OFF POSITION,
AND THE AI RPLANE IS SECUR ED
BEFORE ROTATING THE PROPELLER BY HAND. DO NOT STAND
WITHIN THE ARCOF THE PROPELLER BLADES WHILE TURNING THE
PROPELLER.
After 30 days in storage, the airplane should be flown for at least 30 minutes, or a
ground runup should be made just long enough to produce an oil temperature
within the lower green arc range. Excessive ground runup should be avoided.
Engine runup helps to eliminate excessive accumulations of water in the oil system and other air spaces in the engine. Keep fuel tanks full to minimize condensation in the tanks. Keep the battery fully. charged to prevent the electrolyte from
freezing in cold weather.
SERVICING (See Figure B-1.)
In addition to the preflight inspection in Section 4, servicing, inspection, and test
requirements for your airplane are detailed in the Maintenance Manual. This
manual outlines all items which require attention at 50, 100, and 1000 hour
intervals plus those items which require servicing, inspection, and/or testing at
special intervals.
Issued: January 15, 1977
B-B
)~
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
For quick reference, quantitie'S, materials, and specifications for frequently used
service items are as follows:
ENGINE OIL
Average Ambient Air
Temperature·
Above 60"F (16 C)
30"F (-laC) to 90"F (32"C)
O"F (-l8"C) to 70"F (2l oC)
Below 1O"F (~l2"C): .
D
Miner~!
Grade
SAE 50
SAE 40
SA~ 30
SA~ 20
Ashless Dispersant
SAE 40 or SAE 50
SAE 40
SAE 40 or SAE 20W-30
SAE 20W-30
Multi-viscosity oil with a range of SAE 10W30 is recommended for improved
starting in cold weather. Ashless disper~ant oil, conforming to Specification No.
MI L-L-22B5l (Figure 1-2) must be used.
N(;HE
Your AA-5A was delivered from the
factory with a corrosion preventive aircraft engine oil. II oil must be added
during the first 25 hours of engine
operation, use only aviation grade
straight mineral .oil conforming to
Specification No. MI L-L-60B2 (Figure
f-2).
.
\
I
CAPACITY OF ENGINE SUMP - 8 QUARTS
Do not operate on less than 6 quarts. To minimize loss of oil through the
breather, fill to 7 quart level for normal flighJs of less than 3 hours. For extended
flight, fill to B quarts\ These quantities refer to oil dipstick level readings.
OIL CHANGE
After the first 25 hours of oPllration, drain engine oil sump and clean the oil
suction strainer. Refill sump with straight mineral oil and use it until a minimum
of 50 hours has accumulat~d or oil cQnsumption has stabilized; then change to
dispersant oil. Drain the engine oil sump and clean oil suction strainer, each 50
hours thereafter. Change engine oil at least every 6 months even though less than
the recommended hours have accumulated. Reduce intervals for prolonged
operation in dusty areas, cold climates, .or when short flights and long idle periods
result in sludging conditions.
Issued: January 15, 1977
8-9
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA:5A CHEETAH
)~.
1. MAIN WHEEL BEARINGS (LEFT AND RIGHT) - Grease with
MI L-G-25760 (Figure 1-2) grease after the first 100 hours and every 500
hours thereafter.
TIRES - Inflate to 24 PSI as required.
2. BATIERY TERMINALS - Coat with VV-P-236 iFigure 1-2) petrolatumas
required to prevent corrosion. .
BATTE RY - Fill with distilled water as required to maintain fluid level at
top of plate.
3. ENGINE 01 L - (See Figure 1-2.) Change engine oil every 50 hours. Add oil
as required to maintain safe level. See Section 8 for recommended seasonal
grades.
4. NOSE WHEEL BEARINGS - Grease with MIL-G-25760 (Figure 1-2) grease
after the first 100 hours and every 500 hours thereafter.
NOSE WHEEL TIRE - Inflate to 21 PSI as required.
5. NOSE FORK SWIVEL AND BELLVILLE WASHERS - Grease with
MIL-G-7711 (Figure 1-2) grease every 100 hours.
6. T-COLUMN NEEDLE BEARING - Grease with MIL-G-7711 (Figure 1-2)
grease as required.
7. RUDDER AND FLAP TORQUE TUBE OILlTE BEARING AND ROLLER
CHAIN (NOTE 1) - Oil with MIL-L-7870 (Figure 1-2) as required.
Figure 8-1. Servicing Points (Sheet 1 of 2)
Issued: January 15, 1977
8-10
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
,J
I
I
I
SECTION 8
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
I
:: "----'
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"----'
·1,
,
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.... \
1
NOTES:
I
'"1
i
'I
8. TRIM WHEEL GEARS - Grease with MIL-G-7711 (Figure 1-21 grease every
100 hours.
.
9. SEAT TRACKS - Oil wit" MIL-L-7870 (Figure 1-21 oil every 100 hours.
10. TRIM ACTUATOR SHAFT - Grease with NlIL-G-7711 (Figure 1-21 grease
as required.
11. TRIM TAB BELLCRANKS - Oil with MIL-L-7870 (Figure 1-21 oil as required.
12. RUDDER AND ELEVATOR BELLCRANK CLEVIS PINS - Oil with
MIL-L-7870 (Figure 1-21 pi! as required.
13. TRIM TAB HINGE - Oil with MIL-L-7870 iFigure 1-21 oil (Note 21.
14. CANOPY SLIDES - Spr<!y with E-Z-Free lu~ricant as required.
15. ALL CONTROL SURFACE BEARINGS - Grease with MIL-G-7711 (Figure
1-21 or AeroShell #6 grease as required. (Notl'! 3.1
16. FUEL SELECTOR VALVE AND FUEL ;CAP GASKET - Grease with
MI L-G-6032A (Figure 1-21 grease as required.
FUEL TANKS - Fill wit" 80/87 or 100/130 grade aviation fuel as required .
17. FRESH AIR VENTS - Oil with MIL-L-787Q'(Figure 1-21 oil as required.
18. CANOPY LATCH - Grease with white grease, Lubriplate #501 or
)
equivalent as required.
,
.
19. FLAP DRIVE JACKSCREW - Oil with MiL-L-7870 (Figure 1-21 oil. Coat
with a light film for corrosion prevention only.
20. FLAP POSITION INDICATOR CABLE - Grease with MI L-G-21164 (Figure
1-21 Molybdenum Disulphide grease as required.
21. BRAKE RESERVOIRS -:- Fill to within 1/4 inch of top with MIL-H-5606
(Figure 1-21 hydraulic fluid, as required .
22. VACUUM SYSTEM FI LTE R - Replace filter element every 400 hours,
relief valve filter every 1000 hours as required.
23. ENGINE AIR FILTER -:- Clean or replace filter every 100 hours, or when
torn or 50% covered with foreign material.
24. FUEL SUMP DRAINS Aj\lD TANK - Clear of water and sediment prior to
first flight of day.
25. AUXILIARY FUEL PUMP FILTER - Cleafl filter element every 50 hours.
26. CARBURETOR FILTER- Drain carburetor bowl and cleal'! filter every 100
hours.
I
. I '---',
1. Do not lubricate roller ctjains ex~ept under ~~eacoast conditions. Wipe with a
clean, dry cloth.
.
2. Acceptable substitute is powdered graphite MI L-G-6711 (Figure 1-21.
3. Elevator bearings do not require lubrication.:
!
.
,
~
Figure 8-1. Servicing Points (Sheet 2 of 21
Issued: January 15, 1977
8-11
SECTION 8
AI RPLANE HANDLI NG,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
)
FUEL
GRADE (AND COLOR)- 80/87 Minimum Grade Aviation Fuel (red) 100 low
lead aviation fuel (blue) is also approved.
CAPACITY EACH TANK
- 19 Gallons (Standard Tanks)
- 26.3 Gallons (Optional Long Range Tanks)
TIRE SERVICE
All tires and wheels are balanced at the factory prior to original installation. A
similar relationship of the tire, tube and wheel should be maintained. If vibration
is encountered, it may be due to out-of-round or out-of-balance. conditions. When
a wheel, tire or tube is replaced due to wear, it is recommended that it be
re-balanced.
NOSE WHEEL TIRE PRESSURE - 21 PSI on 5.00-5, 4-Ply Rated Tire.
MAIN WHEEL TIRE PRESSURE - 24 PSI on 6.00-6, 6-Ply Rated Tires.
~
BRAKE SERVICE
)
The brake system reservoirs, located on the pilot's brake master cylinders, should
be filled to within 1/4 inch of the reservoir top with hydraulic fluid conforming
to MI L-H-5606 (Figure 1-2).
BATTERY SERVICE
The battery, which is accessible by opening the top cowl, is equipped with an
overboard vent and drain. It is rated at 12 volt, 25 ampere-hours, and should be
inspected periodically for proper fluid level. If the fluid level is found to be low,
fill as recommended by thll battery manufacturer. DO NOT fill above the visible
battery baffle plates.
CLEANING AND CARE
EXTERIOR CARE
The painted surfaces of the airplane have a long-lasting, all-weather finish and
should require no buffing or rubbing out in normal conditions. However, it is
desirable to wax and polish it to preserve the outstanding exterior finish. 't.~
recommended that. wax or polish operations be delayed at least 60 days after
)
of certification to allow proper curing of the paint.
.'
Issued: January 15, 1977
8-12
..-..
SECTION B
AIRPLANE HANDLING,
SERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
The paint can be kept bright simply by washing with water and mild soap. Avoid
abrasive or harsh detergents. Rinse witli ch~ar water and dry with terry cloth
towels or chamois. Oil anq grease spots may I;le removed with kerosene or mineral
spirits.
NOTE
No commercial paint removers are to be
used on any airframe component unless
specific prior approval has been received
from the factory (See Maintenance
Manual).
I,
I'
If you choose to wax your airplane, use a good automotive· type wax applied as
directed. The use of wax in areas subject to high abrasion, such as leading edges of
wings and tail surfaces; prl?peller spinner and blades, is recommended.WINDSHIELD. CANOPY AND WINDOW CARE
It is recommended that you keep the plexiglas in the canopy, windshield and
cabin windows clean and unscratched by usin~ the following procedures:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If large deposits of mud andlor dirt have accumulated on the plexiglas,
flush with clean water. Rubbing with your hand is recommended to
dislodge excess dirt and mud without scratching the plexiglas.
Wash with soap and water. Use a' sponge or heavy wadding of a soft
cloth. DO NOT rub, as the abrasive action in the dirt and mud residue
will cause fine scratches in the surface.
Grease and oil spots may be removed with a soh cloth soaked in kero·
sene.
After cleaning, wax the plexiglas surface with a thin coat of hard polish·
·wax.
If a severe scratch or marring occurs, jeweler's rouge is recommended.
Follow directions, rub out scratch, smooth, apply wax and buff.
CAUTION
!
I
i
NEVER USE GASOLINE, BENZINE,
ALCOHOL, ACETOt'JE, CARBON
TETRACHL.ORIDE, FIRE EXTlN·
GUISHER FLUID, ANTI·ICE FLUID,
LACQU E R THINNER OR GLASS
CLEANE R TO CLEAN PLASTIC.
THESE MATERIALS WILL DAMAGE
THE PLASTIC AND MAy CAUSE SE·
VERE CRAZING.
'
Issued: January 15, 1977
I.1,
i,
B-13
iECTION 8
1.IRPLANE HANDLING,
iERVICE & MAINTENANCE
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
'ROPELLER CARE
)amage from foreign objects, sometimes referred to as "nicks", may occasionally
.ppear in the leading edges of ttJe propeller. It is vital that these nicks be cor·
ected as quickly as possible, since such minor damage may cause stress con·
I ~ntrations and result in cracks forming in the propeller. Keep the blades clean
i ld free of dirt or grass build-up, as this type of. foreign material on the propeller
I lay cause an imbalance and accompanying vibration. We recommend cleaning
i gents such as Stoddard solvent or equivalent followed by waxing or coating with
i light film of oil for propeller protection.
IHERIOR CARE
Clean the interior regularly with a vacuum cleaner to reMove dust and loose dirt
from the upholstery and carpet.
If liquid (coffee, etc.) is spilled on the upholstery or carpet, blot it up promptly
with cleansing tissue or rags. Continue blotting until no more liquid is taken up.
Sticky materials may be scraped up with a dull knife, then cleaned up with a spot
remover.
Oily spots may be cleaned with household spot removers, used sparingly. Before
using any solvent, read the instructions on the container and test it on an obscure
place on the fabric to be cleaned. Never saturate the fabric with a volatile solvent,
since it may damage the padding and backing materials.
Soiled upholstery and carpet may be cleaned with foam-type detergent, used
according to the manufacturer's instructions. To minimize. wettirig the fabric,
keep the foam as dryas possible and remove it with a vacuum cleaner.
The plastic trim, headliner, instrument panel and control knobs need only be
wiped off with a damp cloth. Oil and grease on the control wheel and control
knobs can be removed with a doth moistened with Stoddard solvent. Volatile
solvents, such as mentioned in paragraphs on' care of the windshield, must never
be used since they soften and craie, the plastic.
Issued: January 15, 1977
8-14
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
(Optional Systems Description &
Operating Procedure)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 9-3
Supplements: . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
'-,
Issued: January 15, 1977
9·1/(9·2 blank)
)
)\
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 9
SUPPLEMENTS
)
INTRODUCTION
This section consists of a series of supplements, each covering a single optional
system which may be installed in the airplane. Each supplement contains a brief
description, and when applicable, operating limitations, emergency and normal
procedures, and performance. Other routinilly installed items of optional equip·
ment, whose function and operational procequres do not require detailed instruct·
ions, are discussed in Section 7.
Issued: January 15, 1977
9·3/(9·4 blank}
)
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
()
~
Introduction
General
Do's . . . .
Don'ts . . .
General Sources of Inform~tion
Rules and Regulations . . . . .
Federal Aviation Regulations,
Part 39, Airworthiness Directives
Airman Information, Advisories, and Notices FAA Airman's Informatiqn Manual .
Advisory Information . . . . . . . . .
General Information or Specific Topics
Flight Planning . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection - Maintenance . . . . .
Special Conditions and Precautions
Walk-Around Inspections
Cockpit Checks . . . , . .
Flight Operations . . . . . . .
General . . . . . . . . . .
Engine Operation in Flight
Turbulent Weather
Flight in Turbulent Air .
Flight in Icing Conditions
Mountain Flying . . .
VFR - Low Ceilings
VF R at Night . . . .
10·3
10-3
10·3
10-4
10·5
10·5
10·6
10·6
10·6
10·7
10·7
10·7
10·8
10·8
10·9
10·9
10-9
10·9
.10·10
.10·10
.10·11
.10·11
.10·11
.10·12
)
Issued: January i 5, 1977
10·1
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
.---..
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Contin~edl
Page
Vertigo - Disorientation
Stalls, Spins and Slow Flight
Vortices - Wake Turbulence
Takeoff and Landing Conditions
Medical Facts for Pilots
General
Fatigue
Hypoxia
Hyperventilation
Alcohol '"
Drugs . . . . . .
Scuba Diving
Additional Information
)
.1(}12
.1(}12
.1(}13
.10·13
.10·14
.10·14
.1(}14
.10·14
.10·15
.10·15
.10·15
.1(}15
.10·16
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)
)
1(}2
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
' '-.........-
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION
Your Gulfstream American airplane is a responsive, high-performance vehicle'l
designed to provide you .with safe and efficjent transportation. Like any other
airplane, your Gulfstream American '!irplane; operates most efficiently and safely
:
in the hands of a skilled pilot.
We urge you to be thor9ughly familiar with the contents of this handbook,
placards, and checklists to ensure maximum utilization of your airplane. When the
airplane was delivered, it was equipped with a Pilot's Operating Handbook, engine
operator's manual, weight' and balance information and placards. I f the airplane
has changed ownership,· some of these may have been misplaced. 'f any are
missing, replacements should pe obtained as s~on as possible.
We have added this special section of safety information to refresh owners' and
pilots' knowledge of a number of safety subjects. We strongly recommend these
subjects be reviewed periodically, along with 'other documents required for operation of the airplane.
(
~
Topics in this publication are mostly excerpts from FAA Documents and other
articles pertaining to the subject of safe flying. They are not limited to any
particular make or model airplane and do not replace instructions for particular
types of airplanes.
Your Gulfstream American airplane is built to provide you with many years of
safe and efficient transportation. By maintaining it properly and flying it prudently, you will realize its full potential.
GENERAL
Flying can be one of the. safest modes of travel. Remarkable safety records are
being established each year. As a pilot you are responsible to yourself, your
relatives, to those who travel with you, to other pilots and to ground personnel to
fly wisely and safely.
.
. The following material in. this Safety section covers several subjects in limited
detail. Here are some condensed Do's and Don'ts.
DO'S
Be thoroughly familiar with your airplane. If ·you are not current in your airplane,
get a check ride.
Revised: February 15, 1979
10-3
I
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MOOEL AA·5A CHEETAH
Pre·plan all aspects of your flight. I nclude in your pre·planning a complete
weather briefing.
)
Use all services available when needed (FSS, Weather Bureau, etc.)
Prior to takeoff, ensure that a cor'i'lplete pre-flight inspection has been performed.
Use your checklists.
Use seat belts and shoulder harness.
Prior to takeoff ensure that you have enough fuel aboard the airplane to make the
intended trip and arrive at your destination with an adequate reserve.
Prior to takeoff ensure that the airplane weight and C.G. are within limits for the
type of flying intended.
Be sure that articles and baggage are secured.
Check freedom of all controls.
Maintain an appropriate airspeed in takeoff, climb, descent and landing.
)
Remain alert to see and avoid other aircraft traffic.
Avoid big airplane wake turbulence.
Switch fuel tanks before you have to.
Keep your airplane in good mechanical condition.
Stay informed and alert, fly in a sensible manner.
DON'TS
Don't takeoff with frost, ice or snow on the airplahe surfaces.
Don't takeoff with less than minimum recommended fuel, plus reserves.
Don't fly in a reckless, show off, or careless manner.
)
Don't fly into thunderstorms or severe weather.
10-4
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
Don't fly into possible icing conditions_
Don't fly close to mountainous terrain.
Don't apply controls abruptly or with high forces that could exceed design loads
of the airplane.
.
Don't fly when physically or mentally under par.
Don't trust to luck.
GENERAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION
The FAA and various aviation service agencies provide the pilot with a wealth of
information. This information is provided for the sole purpose of making your
flying easier, faster, and safer. Take advantage of this knowledge and be prepared
for an emergency in the event that one should occur. Your responsibilities as a
pilot are clearly defined by government reguilitions. Since these regulations are
designed for your own protection, compliance with them is not only mandatory,
but beneficial to you.
RULES AND REGULATIONS
F!lderal ·Aviation Regulatiofls, Part 91, General Operating and Flight Rules, is a
document of law governing operation of aircrah and the owner's and pilot's
responsibilities.
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Part 91 includes such subjects as:
Responsibilities and authority of the pilot in command.
Certificates required.
Liquor and drug usage
Flight plans
Pre-flight action
Fuel requirements
Flight rules
Maintenance, preventative maintenance, "Iterations, inspections, and maintenance records.
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These are only some of the topics covered. It is the owner's and pilot's
! responsibility to be thorough.ly familiar with al(regulations in FAR Part 91 and to
follow them.
",---
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Issued: January 15, 1977
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
FEDERAL AVIATION
DIRECTIVES
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
REGULATIONS.
PART
39.
AIRWORTHINESS
This document specifies that no person may operate an aircrah to which an
airworthiness directive (issued bV the FAA) applies; except in accordance with the
requirements of that airworthiness directive. It is the responsibility of the owner
or pilot to ensure that the airplane he intends to fly is in compliance with all
applicable airworthiness directives before the airplane is operated.
AIRMAN INFORMATION_ ADVISORIES_ AND NOTICES - FAA AIRMAN'S
INFORMATION MANUAL
This document contains a wealth of pilot information for nearly all realms of
flight, including navigation, ground procedures, and medical information. Among
the subjects discussed are:
Controlled Air Space
Services Available to Pilots
Radio Phraseology and Technique
Airport Operations
Clearances and Separations
Pre-flight
Departures - IF R
Enroute - IF R
Arrival - IF R
Emergency Procedures
Weather
Wake Turbulence
Medical Facts for Pilots
Bird Hazards
Good Operating Practices
Airport Location Directory
We urge all pilots to be thoroughly familiar' with and use the information in this
handbook_
ADVISORY INFORMATION
Airmen can subscribe to serviCes that provide FAA NOTAMS and Airman Advisories. These documents are also available at most FAA Flight Service Stations,
and at many Fixed Base Opefations. When using these documents, ensure that
they are current prior to using the information in them for flight planning.
10·6
Issued: January 15, 1977
.)---------.
GULFSTREAM AME RICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
NOTAfy1S are documents that provide infor.mation of a time·critical nature
affecting a pilot's decision to make an intended flight. For example, closed
airports, terminal radar out of service, enroute navigational aids out of service,
etc.
GENERAL INFORMATION ON SPECIFIC TqPICS
FLIGHT PLANNING
FAR, Part 91 requires that each pilot in command, before beginning a flight,
familiarize himself with all available information concerning that flight.
All pilots are urged to obtain a complete pre·flight briefing, preferably from an
expert such as an FSS briefer. The pre·flight briefing should consider such items
as local, enroute and destination weather; alternate airports; enroute navaids;
airport runways in use; length of runways; takeoff and landing performance of the
airplane under expected conditi9ns; etc.
.
The prudent pilot will review his planned enroute track and stations and make a
) list for quick reference. It,is strongly recommended that a flight plan be filed with
Flight Service Station even though the flight 'may be VF R. Also, advise Flight
Service Stations of changes or delays of one hour or more in flight plans and
remember to close the flight plan at your destination.
,,
The pilot must be completely familiar with the performance of his airplane in·
cluding performance data in the airplane manuals and placards. The resultant
effect of temperature and pressure altitude must be taken into account in determ·
ining performance if not accounted for on the charts. Applicable FAA weight and
balance forms must be aboard the airplane at all times.
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The airplane must be loaded so that its maximum weight and center of gravity
(C.G.) limitations are not ex~eeded. Also, enough fuel must be aboard to ensure
that the intended trip can be made with sufficient reserve fuel remaining. The
engine oil level should be checked and brought to the proper level prior to flight.
INSPECTIONS - MAINTENANCE
In addition to maintenance inspections and we·flight information required by
FAR Part 91, a complete pre·flight inspection is imperative. It is the responsibility
of the owner and operator to assure that th~ airplane is maintained in an air·
worthy condition and proper maintenance records are kept.
Issued: January 15, 1977
10-7
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
..--....
While the following items cannot substitute for the pre-flight specified for each
type of airplane, they will serve as reminders of general items that should be
checked.
)
SPECIAL CONDITIONS AND PRECAUTIONS'
NOTE
Airplanes operated in humid trOpics or
cold and damp climates, etc., may need
more frequent inspections for wear, corrosion and/or lack of lubrication. In
these areas periodic inspections should
be performed until the operator .can set
his own inspection periods based on experience. The required periods do not
constitute a guarantee that the item will
reach the period without malfunctions,
as the above factors cannot be controlled by the manufacturer.
I Corrosion,
and its effects, must be treated at the ea~liest possible opportunity. A
clean dry surface is virtually immune to corrosion. Make sure that all drain holes
remain unobstructed. Protective films and sealants help to keep corrosive agents
from contacting metallic surfaces. Corrosion inspections should be made most
frequently under high-corrosion-risk operating conditions, such as in areas of high
airborne salt concentrations (e.g., near the sea) and high-humidity areas (e.g.,
tropical regions).
WALK·AROUND INSPECTIONS.
All airplane surfaces free of ice, frost or snow.
Tires properly inflated.
All external locks, covers and tie downs removed.
Fuel sumps drained, fuel checked for proper color, absence of water or sediment.
Fuel quantity, adequate for trip, plus reserve, visually checked.
Oil quantity checked and access doors secured.
General condition of airplane, engine, propeller, exhaust stack, etc., checked.
All external doors secured.
.
10-8
Revised: July 15,1978
)'
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
(
"----
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
COCKPIT CHECKS
Flashlight available.
Required documents on board.
Use the checklist.
All internal control locks rernQved.
Freedom of controls checked.
Canopy properly closed and latched.
Seat belts and shoulder harnesses fastened.
Passengers briefed.
Engine operating satisfactorily.
All engine gauges checked for proper readings.
Fuel selector in proper position.
Fuel quantity checked by g'!uges.
Altimeter setting checked.
Carburetor heat control checked.
FLIGHT OPJ;RATIONS
GENERAL
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The pilot should be thoroughly familiar with all information published by the
manufacturer concerning the airplane. He is required by FAA regulations to operate in accordance with the placards installed.
ENGINE OPERATION IN F,UGHT
In addition to leaning, the following techniques should be considered to minimize
spark plug lead fouling:
1.
Exchange top spark plugs with bottom spark plugs at mid-spark plug
servicing periods (50 hours).
2.
Avoid closed throttle idle operation on the ground whenever possible.
Try to idle engine in the 1000 to 1200 RPM range whenever conditions
permit.
3.
Ensure that the idle mixture has
condition.'
4.
Rather than closing the throttle, use, other means to lower airspeed or
altitude. Power lal1dings prevent rap!d temperature drop; retaining the
advantage of propE!r operating temperature.
5.
Use the correct heat range spark
Issued: January 15, 1977
be~rJ
properly adjusted to avoid a rich
-
plug~.
1(}'9
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
TURBULENT WEATHER
A complete weather briefing prior to beginning a flight is an essential element of a
safe trip.
)
Updating of weather information enroute is another safety aid. However, the wise
pilot also knows weather conditions change quickly at times and treats weather
forecasting as professional advice rather than an absolute fact. He obtains all the
advice he can, but still stays alert by using his knowledge of weather conditions.
Plan the flight to avoid areas of severe turbulence and thunderstorms. It is not
always possible to detect individual storm areas or find the in-between clear areas.
Thunderstorms, squall lines and violent turbulence Should be regarded as extremely dangerous and avoided. The hail and tornadic wind velocities encountered in
thunderstorms can destroy any airplane, just as tornados destroy nearly everything in their path on the ground.
A roll cloud ahead of a squall line or thunderstorm is visible evidence of violent
turbulence. However, the absence of a roll cloud should not be interpreted as
denoting the lack of turbulence.
)
FLIGHT IN TURBULENT AIR
Even though flight in severe turbulence is to be avoided, flight in turbulent air
may be encountered under certain conditions.
Flying through turbulent air presents two basic problems, to both of which the
answer is proper airspeed. If you maintain an exceSsive airspeed, you run the risk
of structural damage or failure, or if your. airspeed is too low, you run the risk of
stalling.
If turbulence encountered in cruise or descent becomes uncomfortable to the
pilot or passengers, the best procedure is to reduce speed to the maneuvering
speed, listed in the limitations section of this handbook. This speed gives the best
assurance of avoiding excessive stress loads, and· at the same time provides a
margin of airspeed to prevent inadvertent stalls due to gusts.
10-10
Issued: January 15, 1977
GUlFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
,I
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:,
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
Beware of overcontrolling in attempting to correct for changes in altitude; apply'
ing control pressure abruptly will build ~'p g·forces rapidly and could cause
damaging structural stress loads. You sholJld watch particularly your angle of
bank, milking turns as wide and shallow as possible, and be equally cautious in
applying forward or back pressure to keep the nose level. Maintain straight and
level attitude in either up or down drafts. Use trim sparingly to avoid being
grossly mistrimmed as thi! vertical air columns change velocity and direction ..
FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS
An airplane which does not have all critical areas protected in a proper manner
must not be exposed to icing encounters"'; the pilot should make an immediate
180 degree turn or seek a. different altitude when icing conditions are en·
countered.
MOUNTAIN FL YING
\.........,
Avoid flight at low altitudes over mountainous terrain, particularly near the lee
slopes. If the wind velocity near the level of the ridge is in excess of 25 knots and
approximately perpendil;ular to the ridge, mountain wave conditions are likely
over and near the lee slopes. If the wind velocity at the level of the ridge exceeds
50 knots, a strong mountain wave is probable with strong up and down drafts and
severe or extreme turbulence. The worst turbulence will be encountered in and
below the rotor zone wl1ich is usually 8 to 10 miles downwind from the ridge.
This zone is characterized. by the presence of "roll clouds" if sufficient moisture is
available; altocumulus standing lenticular clouds are also visible signs that a moun·
tain wave exists, but their presence is ,likewise dependent upon moisture.
Mountain wave turbulence can, of course, occur in dry air and the absence of such
clouds should not be taken as any assurance that mountain wave turbulence will
not be encountered. A mountain wave' downdraft' may exceed the climb
capability of your airplal1!!. Avoid mountain wave downdrafts.
VFR - LOW CEILINGS.
If you are not instrument rated, avoid "VFfI On Top" and "Special VFR". Being
caught above an undercast when an emergency descent is required (or at destina·
tionl is an extremely hazardous position for. the VFR pilot. Accepting a clearance
out of certain airport control zones with ~o minimum ceiling and one·mile visi·
bility as permitted with "Special VFR" is npt a recommended practice for a VFR
pilot.
Avoid areas of low ceilings and restricted visibility unless you are instrument
proficient and have an instrument equipped airplane, then proceed with caution
and have planned alternates.
.
Issued: January 15, 1977
10·11
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GUlFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
)
VFR AT NIGHT
When flying VF R at night, in addition to the altitude appropriate for the direct·
ion of flight, pilots should maintain a safe minimum altitude as dictated, by
terrain, obstacles such as TV toWers, or communities in the area flown. This is
especially true in mountainous tetra in, where there is usually very little ground
reference and absolute minimum clearance is 2,000 feet. Don't depend on your
being able to see obstacles in time to miss them.
VERTIGO - DISORIENTATION
Disorientation can occur in a variety of ways. During flight, inner ear" balancing
mechanisms are subjected to varied forces not normally experienced on the
ground. This combined with loss of outsine visual reference can ciluse vertigo.
False interpretations (illusions) result ann may confuse the pilot's conception of
the attitude ann position of his airplane.
Under VF R conditions the visual sense, using the horizon as a reference, can
override the illusions. Under low visibility conditions (night, f09, clouds, haze,
etc.) the illusions predominate. Only through awareness of these illusions, and
proficiency in instrument f~ght procedures, can an airplane be operated safely in
a low visibility environment.
Flying in fog, dense haze or dust" cloud banks, or very low visibility, with strobe
lights, and particularly rotating beacons turned on, frequently causes vertigo.
They should be turned off in these conditions, particularly at night.
All pilots should check the weather and use good judgment in planning flights.
The VF R pilot should use extra caution in avoiding low visibility conditions.
Motion sickness often p'recedes or accompanies disorientation and may further
jeopardiz~ the flight.
STAllS, SPINS AND SLOW
FlIG~T
Stalls, ann slow flight, should be practiced at safe altitudes to allow for recovery.
Either of these maneuvers should be performed at an altitude in excess of 6,000
feet above ground level.
Spins are prohibited in this airplane. Since spins are preceded by stalls, a prompt
and decisive stall recovery protects against inadvertent spins.
10-12
Issued: January 15, 1977
)'>
(
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
'---',
VORTICES - WAKE TURBULENCE
Every airplane generates wakes of turbulence' while in flight. Part of this is from
the propeller or jet engine and part from the wing tip vortices. The larger and
heavier the airplane the more pronounced a[ld turbulent the wakes will be. Wing
tip vortices from large heavy· airplanes are very severe at close range, degenerating
with time, wind and spaCIl. These are rolling in nature from each wing tip. In test,
vortex velocities of 133 knots have been recorded. Exhaust velocities from large
airplanes at takeoff have ·been measured at ?5 MPH, 2100 feet behind medium
large airplanes.
'
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Encountering the rolling effect of wing tip yortice. within two minutes or less
after passage of large airplanes is the most hazardous to the light airplanes. This
roll effect can exceed the maximum counter rpll obtainable in an airplane.
The turbulent areas may remain for as long ~s three minutes or more, depending
on wind conditions, and may extend several miles behind the airplane. Plan to fly
slightly above or to the sid~ of the other airpl~nes.
Because of the wide variety of conditions th~t can be encountered, there is no set
rule to follow 'to avoid wake turbulence in all situations, however, the Airman's
Flight Information Manual goes into considerable detail for a number of vortex
avoidance procedures. Use prudent judgment and allow ample clearance time and
space following or crossing the wake of large airplanes and in all takeoff, climb
out, approach and landing 9perations.
TAKEOFF AND LANDINC;; CONDITIONS
Use caution when landing on runways that are covered by water or slush which
cause hydroplaning (aquaplaning), a phenomenon that renders braking and
steering ineffective because of the lack of sufficient surface friction. Snow and ice
covered runways are also hazardous. The' pilot should also be alert to the
possibility of the brakes fn~ez!ng.
Use caution when taking off and landing during gusty wind conditions. Also be
aware of the special wind' conditions caused by buildings or other obstructions
located near the runway ina crosswind patterfl.
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Issued: January 15,1977
10·13
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GUlFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
---.
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MEDICAL FACTS FOR PILOTS
GENERAL
Modern industry's record in pro~iding reliable equipment is very good. When the
pilot enters the airplane, he becbmes an integral part of the man-machine system.
He is just as essential to a successful flight as the control surfaces. To ignore the
pilot in pre-flight planning would be as senseless as failing to inspect the integrity
of the control surfaces or any other vital part of the machine. The pilot himself
has the responsibility for determining his reliabilitY prior to entering the airplane
for flight.
Whp.n piloting an airplane. an individual should be free of conditions which are
harmful to alertness. ability to make correct decisions. and rapid reaction time.
FATIGUE
Fatigue generally slows reaction times and causes· errors due to inattention. In
addition to the most common cause of fatigue. insufficient rest and loss of sleep,
the pressures of business, financial worries and family problems. can be important
contributing factors. If your fatigue is marked prior to a given flight, don't fly. To
prevent fatigue effects during long flights, keep mentally active by making ground
checks and radio-navigation position plots.
HYPOXIA
Hypoxia in simple terms is a lack of suffiCient oXY!len to keep the brain and other
body tissues functioning properly. Wide individual variation occurs with respect
to susceptibility to hypoxia. Iri addition to progressively insufficient oxygen at
higher altitudes, 'anything interfering with the blood's ability to carry oxygen can
contribute
hypoxia (anemias. carbon monoxide, and certain drugs). Also,
alcohol and various drugs decrease the brain's tolerance to hypoxia.
'0
Your uody has no built in alarm system to let you know when you are not getting
enough oxygen. It is impossible to predict when :or where hypoxia will occur
during a given flight, or how it will manifest itself. A major early symptom of
hypoxia is an increased sense of well-being (referred to as euphoria). This
progresses to slow reactions, impaired thinking ability, unusual fatigue, and dull
headache feeling.
10-14
Issued: January 15, 1977
)
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
The symptoms are slow but progressive, insidious in onset, and are most marked
at altitudes starting above ten thousand feet. Night vision, however, can be impaired starting at altitudes lower than 10,000 feet. Heavy smokers may experience
early symptoms of hypo~ia at altitudes low~r than is so with non-smokers.
HYPERVENTILATION
Hyperventilation or overbreathing, is a disturbance of respiration that may occur
in individuals as a result of emotional tellsion or anxiety. Under conditions of
emotional stress, fright, or pain, breathing rate may increase, causing increased
lung ventilation, although the carbon dioxide output of the body cells does not
increase. As a result, carbon dioxide is "lIVash d out" of the blood. The most
common symptons of h'yperventilation are; dizziness; hot and cold sensations;
tingling of the han·ds, legs and fe~t; nausea; sleepiness; and finally
unconsciousness.
Should symptoms occur, consciously slow your breathing rate until symptoms
clear a[ld then resume normal breathing rate. Breathing can be slowed by
breathing into a bag, or talking loud.
ALCOHOL
Common sense and scientific evidence dictate that you not fly as a crew member
while under the influence of alcohol. Even small amounts of alcohol in the human
system can adversely affect judgment and decision making abilities. FAR 91.11
states "Ia) No person may act as a crew member - (1) within 8 hours after the
consumption of any alcotJolic beverage."
DRUGS
Self-medication or taking medicine in any form when you are flying can be
extremely hazardous. Even simple home or over-the-counter remedies and rlrugs
such as aspirin, antihistamines, cold tablets, cough mixtures, laxatives, tranquilizers, and appetite suppressors, may seriously impair the judgment and
coordination needed while flying. The safestrule is to take no medicine before or
while flying, except on th~ advice of your A~iation Medical Examiner.
SCUBA DIVING
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Flying shortly after any prolonged scuba d,iving could be dangerous. Under the
increased pressure of the water, excess nitrogen is absorbed into your system. If
sufficient time has not elapsed prior to takeoff for your system to rid itself of this
excess gas, you may experience the bends at altitudes under 10,000 fe~t, Where
most light planes fly.
Issued: January 15, 1977
10·15
SECTION 10
SAFETY INFORMATION
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
In addition to the coverage of subjects in this section, the National Transportation
Safety Board and the Federal Aviation Administration periodically issue general
aviation pamphlets concerning aviation safety, and in greater detail. These can be
obtained at FAA Offices, Weather Stations; Flight Service Stations, or Airport
Facilities. These are very good sources of information and are highly recommended for study. Some of these are titled:
Airman's Information Manual
12 Golden Rules for Pilots
Weather or Not
Disorientation
Plane Sense
Weather Info Guide for Pilots
Wake Turbulence
Don't Trust to Luck, Trust to Safety
Thunderstorm - TRW
IFR VFR Either Way Disorientation Can Be Fatal
)
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10-16
Issued: January 15, 1977
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH'
1977/1978/1979
NORMAL PROCEUURES
CHECKLIsts
I
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLISTS
PREFLIGHT INSPECTION
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1.
Cabin
Canopy - OPEN (turn handle counterclockwise to open.)
Control Wheel Lock - REMOVE
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Ignition Switch - OFF
Master Switch - OFF
Mixture - IDLE CUTOFF
2.
Left Wing Trailing Edge
Flap - Secure and undamaged
Aileron - Freedom of movement
3.
Left Wing
Wing Tip and Light :- Undamaged
Aileron Cour:lIerweight Access - Unollstructed
Wing Inspection Plates - Secure
Tiedown - Removed
Pitot Tube - Unobstructed
Fuel Tank Vent .- Unobstructed
4.
Left Wing Leading Edge
Fuel Tank - Full, cap 'seal checked for damage, cap secure
Tank Drain - Fuel free of water and serliment, drain secure
Sump Drain - Fuel free of water and sediment, drain secure
Fuel - Proper color
:
Landing Gear Wheel Fairing and Tire - Undamaged, tire properly inflater!
Chocks - Removed
5.
Left Cowl
Windshield - Clean, undamaged
OA T Gauge - Secure, undamaged
Fuel Pump Overflow Drain - Unobstructed
Fresh Air Vents - Unobstructl!d
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Air Cleaner Drain - Unobstructerl
Oil Breather Vent - Unobstructed
Cowl - Open, Secured
Baffles - Secure, Undamaged
Cowl - Closed, latches secured (flush with surface)
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Revised: February 15, 1979
Page t·l
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLIST')
I
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
1977/1978/1979
6.
Nose
Propeller and Spinner - Secure, undamaged
Cowling - Secure, undamaged.
Landing Light - Secured, undama!led
Carhuretor Air Intake - Unobstructed
Nose Gear, and Fairinfl - Undamafled, tire properly inflated, mud scraper
clear
Tow Bar - Removed, and stowed
Chocks - Removed
Engine Cooling Openinfls - Unobstructed
7.
Right Cowl
Cowl- Open
Engine Baffles - Unobstructed, undamaged
En!)ine Cooliny Openinys - Unobstructed
En!line Oil Level· 6 Ouarts minimum, capacity 8 quarts
Engine Oil Dipstick - Secure (finger tight)
'Jacuum Pump Vent - Unobstructed
Battery - Secure
Alternator Belt - Proper tension
Cowl - Closed, latches secured (flush with surface
Windshield - Clean, undamaged
8.
Right Wing Leading Edge
Fuel Tank - Full, cap seal checked for damage, cap secured
Tank Drain - Fuel free of water and sediment, drain sl1c~recJ
Sump Drain - Fuel,free of water and sediment, drain secure
Fuel - Proper color
Landin!! Gear, Wheel Fairing and Tire - Undama[lecl, tire properly inflnted
Chocks - Removed
9.
Right Win!]
Win!) Tip and Light - Undamanecl
Aileron Couterw~iyht Access - Unobstructed
Wing Inspection Plates - Secure
Tiedown - Removed
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Fuel Tank Vent -- Unobstructed
10.
Right Wing Trailing Edge
Aileron - Freedom of movement
Flap - Secure and undama()ed
11.
Right Side of Fuselage
Static Source - Unobstructed
Revised: February 15, 1979
Pane C-2
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GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA·5A CHEETAH
1977/1978/1979
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLISTS
G
Antennas - Secure, undama!lecJ
Fuselage - Undamaged
12. Empennage
Elevators - Freerlom of movement
Rudder - Freedom of movement
Trim Tabs - Secure, undamaged
Tail Cone ami Li!Jht ..:.. Secure, undamaged
Tie Down - Removed
13. Left Side of Fuselage
Static Source - Unol:!strlJcterl
F usela!Je .- Undamaged
8i:1!l!Ia!le Do,:,r Secure
14. rJight Flight Preflight
Fuses and Circuit Breakers - Ch,eck
Spare Fuses - In Glove Compartment
Flashli!lht - Ahoard
Required Charts - Ahoard
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS PREFLIGHT
1. Cabin
Master Switch .- ON
Instrument Li!lhts - Che~k Rheostat, OF F
Navi!lation Li!lhts _. ON
Flashin!l Beacon - ON
Strobe Li!lhts .- ON
Pitot Heat - ON
Landing Li!lht - ON
2. Left Wing Tip
Navigation Light - Illuminated
Strobe Light - Flashing
Pitot Tube - Check for heat
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3.
Nose
Landing Light - Illuminated
4.
Right Wing
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Stall Warning Vane - Lift, check that stall warning horn sounds
5.
Right Wing Tip
Navigation Light - Illuminated
Strobe Light - Flashing
Revised: February 15, 1979
I
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLISTS
I
6.
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5J,1. CHEETAH
1977/1978/1979
Empennage
Navigation Light - Illuminated
Fla~ hing Beacon - Operatinrl
7. Cabin
Master Switch - OFF
Navigation Lights - OFF
Flashing Beacon - OFF
Strobe Lights - OF F
Pitot Heat - OFF
Landing Li!lht - OF F
BEFORE STARTING ENGINE
Prefli!lht Inspection - Complete
Seats, Seat Belts and Shoulder Harness Adjusted, locked
Radios, Autopilot, Electrical Equipment - OF F
Parking Brake - SET
COlltrols - Check for proper operation
STARTING ENGINE
Master/Alternator Switch - ON
Mixture - FULL RICH
Carburetor Heat - 0 F F
Fuel Selector Valve - Set to fullest tank
Prime - As required
Flaps - UP .
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON (Check pressure 0.5 - 8 PSI)
Propeller - CLEAR
Ignition Switch - ON LEFT
Throttle - Open approximately 1/4 inch
Starter Button - PR ESS, release when engine starts
Ignition Switch - ON BOTH
.
Oil Pressure - Check, if no pressure within 30 seconds, shut down engine
Engine - Warm up at 1000 to 1200 RPM
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - OFF
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BEFORE T AK EOFF
Parking Brake SET
Throttle - Set for 1800 RPM
Engine Instruments - I n green arc
Ammeter
Charging
Vacuum Gage - 4.6 to 5.4 in. hg.
Magnetos - Check, 175 RPM maximum drop, not over 50 RPM difference
between left and right marJnetos
Carburetor Heat .- ON, check for RPM drop, then set to OFF
Revised: February 15i 1979
Parle C·4
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GI,JLFSTREAM AMER!CAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
1977/1978/1979 .
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLISTS
L
Throttle - Set for 1000 RPM
Radios - ON, checked, Transponder - STAND8Y
Engine - Idles smoothly.
Engine is ready for takeoff when it will take throttle without hesitating or
faltering and oil temperature is in green arc
Trim Tab - SET
'.
Flaps - Checked for operation, set UP
Mixture - FULL RICH (or as required by field elevation)
Throttle Friction Lock - ADJUSTED .
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON, check for pressure change, then set to.OFF
Flight Instruments - SET (clock, directional gyro, altimeter, radios)
Lights - ON, as required
Parking Brake....,. OFf
TAKEOFF
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Normal Takeoff
. Flaps - UP
Carburetor Heat - OFF
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
Throttle - FULL OPEN
Elevator Control - Raise nosewheel at 50 KIAS (58 MPH) to 55 KIAS (63
MPH)
Climb Speed - 85 KIAS (98 MPH)
Turn Transponder td ON after takeoff
Obstacle Clearance Takeoff
1.
Flaps - UP
Carburetor Heat - OFF
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
Throttle - FULL OPEN
Elevator - Apply liqht back pr~ssure at 50 KIAS (58 MPH),litt nosewheel at
55 KIAS (63 MPH) .
Climb Speed - 63 I<.!AS (73 MPH)
CLIMB
L
Normal Climb Speed - 85 KIAS (98 MPH) at full throttle
Best Rate of Climb Speed - 79 KIAS (91 MPH) ilt sea level, full ~hrottle
Best Angle of Climb Speed - 68 KIAS (78 MPH) at sea level. full throttle
Revised: February 15, 1979
Page C-5
I
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHfr.K LISTS.
GULFST.REAM AMERICAN
MODELAA~ACHEETAH
•
'1917/1978/1~79
CRUISE
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - OF j:
Power - SET at 2200 to 2700 RPM
Trim Tab - SET as required
Mixture - SET as required. Full rich when operating at more than 75%
power. If in doubt of percentage of power being used. use full rich mivture
for operation below 5000 ft.
DESCENT
Power - As required for descent
Mixture - As required by altitude
Carburetor Heat - As requi'red by weather conditions
Trim Tab - SET as required
BEFORE LANDING
Seats, Seat Belts and Shoulder Harness - Adjust and lock
Fuel Selector - On fullest tank
Mixture - FULL RICH
Auxiliary Fuel Pump - ON
Carburetor Heat - ON if required
Parking Brake - OF F
Flaps - SET as required. below 103 KIAS (119 MPH)
Airspeed - 65 KIAS (75 MPH) to 70 KIAS (80 MPH)
Landing Light - ON as required
)."
BALKED LANDING
Power - Full throttle
Carburetor Heat - OF F
Airspeed - 60·65 KIAS (69-75 MPH)
Establish Climb Attitude
FI~ps - Retract slowly. maintain safe airspeed
,
LANDING
Normal Landing
Touch down on main gear
)
Lower Nosewheel slowly as speed dec-re~ses.
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Use rudder to maintain directional control rlolNh to approximately 17 KI AS
(20 MPH)
.
Brakes - Use as required for stopping and c1irectional control.
Revised: February 15. ,1979
Page C-6
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L
GULFSTREAM AMERICAN
MODEL AA-5A CHEETAH
1977/1978/1979
NORMAL PROCEDURES
CHECKLISTS
I
Obstacle Clearance Landing
Flaps - Fully extended below 10;1 KIA$. (119 MPH)
Airspeed 61 KIAS (70 MPH)
Touch down on main gear
Elevator - Full up control
Flaps - UP
..
Brakes - As required for directional control and stopping
AFTER LANDING
Flaps - UP
Auxiliary Fuel Punip - OFF
Landing Light - OFF (if used)
Carburetor Heat - 0 F F
Strobe Light - OFF iif used)
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L
; SHUT-DOWN/SECURING AIRPLANE
Electrical Equipment, Radios, Lights - OF F
Mixture - IDLE CUTOFF
Ignition - OF F (after propeller has stopped)
Master Switch - 0 F F
.
Control Lock
Installed
Parking Brake - SET
Chocks/Tiedowns - Installed
Parking ~rake - OFF
Revised: February 15, 1979
Page C·7
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