Omega Omnical 4A and Omnical 8A Owner Manual

ME OMNICAL 4A and OMNICAL 8A
XL E Temperature Calibrators
с (3) (7) æ) æ) (x) æ) (E) a @ E) @ @
—
Operators Manual
M0118/0693
E OMEGA
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OMEGA ...Your Source for
Process Measurement and Control
TEMPERATURE
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N
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
SECTION 1 |МТВООЧСТЮМ......................и еее еееееееееееетееенино 1-1
1.1 General Description... oe 1-1
1.0 Mechanical Description ..... iaa, 1-1
1.3 Functional Description ..........11120 110 LL LL LR еаовувавеаы, 1-2
1.3.1 General .....1111 1111 LL LL LA LA LA еееоеееееонеьоноьоеоьовоеоееавайавава ву 1-2
1.3.2 The Two Conversion CyCI@ . ALL LL LL 1-3
1.4 Applications ........... aerea areoroo, 1-3
SECTION 2 INSTALLATION... 1111111111 2-1
2.1 Unpacking . oo aaa a a aaron 2-1
oà OMNI-CAL""“Setup........1121 111 LL LL LL AA A A LL aadeara a. 2-2
2.3 OperatingControlsand Indicators . . . .. LL LL LL LL 2-2
2.4 InputTerminalS/ACCESSOTIES . . . . . . 11 LL LL LL RL 2-2
2.5 Pre-operational Tests . . оли еееееиоеенеоеооеооетоетеоввао вона 2-3
SECTION 3 ОРЕВАПОМ........................ LL 3-1
3.1 Thermocouple Wires .........11111 1011 LL LL LL 3-1
32 AsaField Calibrator/Simulator, Calibrating Thermocouple Type Indicators, Recorders, and Controllers . ..... . . 3-2
3.3 Asanindicator of Temperatures with Thermocouple inOMNI-CAL™Bange . ................ oii... 3-3
34 AsaMillivolt Generator for Calibrating Voltage Measuring/Display Indicators . . ................... ....... 3-4
3.5 As a Precision Millivoltmeter, Measuring Thermocouples
Not Coveredin the OMNI-CAL'“ Range or Other TransducerS ... iii 3-4
3.6 AsaPrecision Comparator, Comparing Two Thermocouplesor Other Signal Sources . .................... 3-6
3.7 AsaCalibrator of Thermocouples, Using Precision TemperatureBath .................. . ....... ....... 3-7
3.8 Asa Precision Digital Thermometer Using Calibrated Thermocouples ...... 000 ул ееееаие, 3-7
3.9 AsalLaboratory Instrument, Where High Precision Temperature Calibrations are Required. ................. 38
3.10 AsasSelf Testing Diagnostic Tool ............ aaa 3-8
3.11 Special Applications . . . aa rrora 3-8
SECTION 4 ADJUSTMENTSANDCALIBRATION . ........... 4-1
4.1 Recalibration . aereo arder ro. 4-1
4.1.1 SEtUp reee 4-1
4.1.2 Equipment Required .........12211 00011 LL LA LS 4-1
4.2 PreampandScalingCalibrationProcedure . . .... и. л со нвееоиееоиетненанавевававое 4-1
4.2.1 SOIUD enana rre 4-1
4.2.2 Preamp Zero Offset Adjust (R21) . . . aaa 4-2
4.2.3 Amplifier Gain (Scaling) (K1,K2,K3, KA) a 4-2
4.2.4 Reference Junction Calibration..........111111 111 LL LR LL RL 4-3
4.2.5 LowBattery Sense Calibration ....... LL LL 4-3
4.2.6 TestFunction ......111 111011 LL LL LA AN A LL ALL AR 4-4
4.3 BatteryPackReplacement ...........11111 0 LL LL LL 4-4
4.3.1 AccesstoBattery Pack . . o. 4-4
4.3.2 Replacement . era. 4-4
SECTIONS REFERENCE DATA ...... i ii 5-1
SECTION 6 SPECIFICATIONS . ooo a a AAA AAA AAA a A AA Aa ae 6-1
SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1
1.2
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
This manual contains operating and maintenance instructions, as well as a description of the principles of opera-
tion, of the OMNI-CAL™ Portable Digital Thermocouple Instrument Calibrator. The information covers all models
of the instrument, including the basic equipment and its available options and accessories.
The manual, insofar as practicable, is a complete User Guide, providing step-by-step instructions for operating
the OMNI-CAL™ in each of its designed functions and with each of the built-in thermocouple data conforming
programs. The publication also includes instructions for the use of standard NBS Millivolt Tables so that
calibration of thermocouple sensors not incorporated in the OMNI-CAL™ design ranges (such as the type B
thermocouple) can be performed by table lookup from its OMNI-CAL™ measured voltage output. Calibration of
thermocouple types in common use including the type C very high temperature sensor, can be performed by
simple, direct reading measurements made with the OMNI-CAL™ instrument.
The OMNI-CAL™ is a microprocessor based, laboratory grade, field portable, digital calibrator, thermometer, and
voltmeter. It is packaged in a rugged metal case, and it is especially designed for multifunction use in the harsh
environments of the process and service industries.
The OMNI-CAL™ operates in any of four front panel selected functions:
1. As a thermometer (FUNCTION = MEASURE), providing direct °F or °C readout of a connected thermocouple.
2. As a calibrator (FUNCTION = CALIBRATE), providing precise voltage outputs equivalent to the tabular
values expected from a selected thermocouple at a settable temperature, or a settable voltage from — 12
10 +80 mV.
3. As a voltmeter (FUNCTION = MEASURE, RANGE = mV), providing 42 digit readout of a + 101 mV range
input, with microvolt resolution and automatic polarity indicated in the display.
4. As a self tester (FUNCTION = TEST), providing an overall system performance check, assuring a valid
calibration. Appropriate microprocessor generated error messages are displayed for malfunctions that may
occur during other functional use.
The OMNI-CAL is available as a 4-range or 8-range model, and each may be supplied for either 110 or 220 V
ac recharging power sources. Each model is configured for the mV RANGE selection, thus providing the milli-
voltmeter and direct settable voltage functions. The 4-range model provides for three thermocouple ranges
(J, K, T), while the 8-range model provides for seven thermocouple ranges (J, K, T, E, R, S, C), in addition to
the mV range.
Measurements and calibration outputs for front panel selected thermocouple types are automatically corrected
for reference junction offsets. Direct millivoltmeter measurements and settable direct reading calibration voltage
outputs are provided without reference junction compensation.
Front pane! displays are presented on large, 0.31” (8 mm) high, LEDs. The decimal point is positioned automat-
ically, and the minus (—) polarity sign is displayed for any negative value; the plus (+) polarity sign is understood
for any positive value. The digital display is actually 7 positions: five decade positions are available for the 41%
digit value; the decimal point is incorporated to the right within one of these positions; the polarity sign (when
appropriate) is always positioned to the far left; the symbol F, C, or E is displayed at the far right, as annunciators
for Fahrenheit, Celsius, or emf (millivolts), respectively.
Error messages of HIGH, LO, OPEN, or ERROR are respectively displayed when the temperature is above full
scale, the temperature is below full scale, an open thermocouple lead is detected (or less than minus 101 mV), or
when a voltage greater than 101 mV is applied to the input terminals.
MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION
The OMNI-CAL™ is assembled in a rugged metal carrying case, whose bottom half forms the instrument case,
and whose lid may be used as a tilt stand support arrangement for easy viewing. See Figure 1-1. There are no
rear panel connections, indicators, or controls.
The instrument is battery powered, and is supplied with a rechargeable NiCad battery pack and an integral
battery charging circuit. The recharger line cord is attached to the instrument and is stored in the front panel
storage compartment. The OMNI-CAL™ may be ordered for either 110 or 220 V ac recharging source power.
1-1
1.3
1.3.1
8.00"
(203 mm)
Ts
TE
\
m сб 12.25”
\ eu _-, A mm)
N
Figure 1-1. Carrying Case and Dimensions
A fully charged battery pack will deliver typically 8 continuous operating hours while 14 to 16 hours (when not
in use) are required for full battery recharge. (The instrument may be operated while the batteries are being
recharged.) The batteries are rated for a minimum of 1000 charge/discharge cycles.
The OMNI-CAL™ front panel is made of a stain and impact resistant thermoplastic, consistent with the instru-
ment’s intended use as a Calibrator/ Thermometer in harsh field environments. The hinged lid is deep enough
so that OMNI-CAL™ accessories and documentation may be carried within the case without requiring additional
storage space. A summary operation instruction label is affixed to the inner lid surface, for ready field use and
reference.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
General
Under microprocessor control, the OMNI-CAL “reads” the front panel selected FUNCTION and RANGE
switches and sets up the instrument to MEASURE, CALIBRATE, or TEST for the selected thermocouple (where
appropriate). Figure 1-2 is a greatly simplified block diagram that illustrates the multifunction capabilities of this
compact instrument. As shown in the illustration, the displayed value is derived from any one of several select-
able inputs to the analog to digital (A/D) chain. The front panel FUNCTION select switch determines whether the
A/D input will be the signal connected to the front panel terminals from some temperature sensor, or a voltage
derived from one of three internal sources. The front panel RANGE switch setting causes the microprocessor to
calibrate the digitized signal in terms of the stored thermocouple tabular data and in °F or °C, as selected by a
front panel switch, or in units of millivoits when no thermocouple range has been selected.
In the measurement function, the signal connected to the Input terminals is connected to the A/D chain. If a
thermocouple range has also been selected. the signal from a reference junction sensor is also connected to
the A/D chain.
In the calibration function, a settable voltage, whose value is similarly scaled, converted, and displayed is
connected internally to the front panel terminals. If a thermocouple range has also been selected. the output
voltage is conformally mapped by the microprocessor and compensated for the reference junction voltage.
1-2
1.3.2
1.4
FRONT
~ PANEL —h ———— ANALOG =} DIGITAL —}-— DISPLAY ~~
RANGE O ;
SELECT + |
OUTPUT ~__ _ _ _ —
ADJUST — 7 ; <|
A
SELECT oF ——-
|
E
A0 В
T/C IN | © |
CAL OUT ||в®
°] | LATCH|
FUNCTION | CONTROL | CONTROL
SELECT O---—-——-——-——-——— d il. _
°F § |
SELECT ect ~— ISOLATED ANALOG
POWER SUPPLIES
ISOLATED DIGITAL
SUPPLIES
AC
IN
POWER
> SUPPLIES
LINE
ISOLATION
TRANSFORMER
Figure 1-2. System Block Diagram
In the self test function, an internal precision reference voltage is similarly scaled and converted. (It is not con-
nected to the terminals for external use, however.) As for the other functions, if a thermocouple range has also
been selected, the converted value is conformally mapped for the particular thermocouple and compensated for
the reference junction voltage value as well. Its digital value is displayed, and the reading may be compared with
the value established at the factory final test and calibration. Because the test signal is processed through the
complete chain as for any measurement or calibration function, the self test exercises all of the components that
are included in the normal operation.
Error messages are displayed if the performance does not meet preprogrammed requirements. If an open
sensor lead (or open thermocouple or a voltage input more negative than minus (—) 101 mV) is detected, the
message OPEN is displayed. If the input value exceeds the preprogrammed full scale range for the selected
thermocouple, the message HIGH or LO appears for the appropriate direction in which the signal exceeds the
limits. If the input exceeds the maximum full scale range of 101 mV, the message ERROR is displayed.
The Two Conversion Cycle
The digital display is updated twice a second for nine successive updates of the selected input signal to the
A/D conversion chain. in the tenth 500 millisecond interval, only the output of the reference junction sensor is
connected to the A/D chain. Its value is digitized and stored to be applied in the next nine display updates.
During each 500 millisecond period, the OMNI-CAL™ performs two analog to digital conversions. in the first such
conversion, lasting 200 milliseconds, the instrument makes a conversion with a minimum amplifier gain of 20.
The microprocessor examines the result of that conversion and then sets the gain at 20, 50, 70, or 200 so that
the next conversion will occur with a scaling for the greatest possible resolution of the displayed result. In effect,
the OMNI-CAL™ autoranges before every measurement or calibration, and updates its cold junction reference
compensation every 5 seconds.
APPLICATIONS
In Section 3 of this manual you will find detailed instructions for each of the following application areas.
Measuring temperature with a thermocouple in the OMNI-CAL™ range.
Measuring temperature with a thermocouple not in the OMNI-CAL™ range.
Calibrating thermocouple type recorders, indicators, or controllers.
Checking thermocouples.
Checking mV type recorders, indicators, or controliers.
. Using the OMNI-CAL™ as a general purpose millivolt digital voltmeter.
1-3
о < Ко
SECTION 2 INSTALLATION
This Section contains information on the installation, setup and preoperation check of the OMNI-CAL™ prior to its use
as a Calibrator/Thermometer. The information includes instructions for unpacking and repacking the instrument. This
Section also includes information about the front panel operating controls and indicators and general information about
the instrument's use. This information should be read carefully before attempting to use the OMNI-CAL™ on site.
2.1 UNPACKING
The instrument is placed in a waterproof plastic wrapper, securely fitted between molded foam shock isolators
and placed with the documentation in its shipping carton. You will find the documentation inside the shipping
carton.
1. OMNI-CAL™ (Thermocouple Instrument Calibrator) *
2. Certificate of Calibration
3. Factory Test Data Sheet (Part of the Certificate of Calibration)
4. Operators Manual
"Battery pack and fuse are installed in the instrument. The recharger line cord is attached, and is located
in the front panel accessed storage compartment.
Remove the PACKING SLIP and use to check off actual equipment received. If you have any questions on your
shipment please call OMEGA's Customer Service Department.
NOTE
It any part is damaged, a claim should be filed with the carrier. Save all containers for
inspection.
Retain the packing material for reshipment. When shipping OMNI-CAL™, use foam shock isolators and pack in
original shipping carton, if available. If original shipping material is no longer available, use some shock isolators,
such as bubble plastic, and wrap securely within a suitable carton.
2.2
2.3
2.4
OMNI-CAL™ SETUP
The instrument is shipped in a complete configuration. The battery pack is installed, and it was shipped in a fully
charged condition. To assure that the batteries will be operational after any prolonged shelf life, or after any ex-
tensive shipping interval, charge the batteries for a period of 15 hours. After an initial warmup period of 1 minute
for 1° resolution measurements (15 minutes for 0.1° resolution measurements), the instrument is ready for
operation. Refer to Section 3 for detailed operating instructions.
OPERATING CONTROLS AND INDICATORS
Figure 2-1 illustrates the front panel features, and includes a brief description of the operating controls and In-
dicators. Table 1 is a schematic composite of a number of possible display formats, illustrating the location of
decimal point, polarity sign, and annunciator codes. The illustration also indicates the location and appearance of
possible error messages.
INPUT TERMINALS/ACCESSORIES
The standard binding posts provide complete flexibility in making connections to the OMNI-CAL™. A terminal
pair is spaced for simple banana jack connection, as well as the spade lug, single jack, or wire lead connection
to the individual binding post. The availability of 2 pairs of the binding posts provide maximum fiexibility for
measurement and calibration.
The binding post connections are thermally coupled to an internal sensor to provide the input for the automatic
Cold Junction Compensation (CJC) in the OMNI-CAL™. The reference junction temperature compensation is scal-
ed for any one of the selected thermocouple ranges, and is therefore effective in the MEASURE, CALIBRATE, or TEST
functions when a thermocouple type is selected. The CJC is NOT included when the mV range is selected in any
one of these functions.
To expedite the measurement and calibration operations, an optional thermocouple adaptor plug may be used
for quick connect/disconnect of thermocouple units. The color-coded adaptor plugs are available in standard or
miniature sizes and are pre-wired with short lengths of appropriate flexible thermocouple leads terminated at the
other end in lugs. An optional instrument service cable is also available, providing a 6 ft. length of flexible, paired
thermocouple leads.
The accessory adaptor plugs and instrument service cables supplied for types R and S are fabricated of copper
vs. copper alloy #11, which is only useful at ambient temperatures up to 302°F (150°C).
DECIMAL PT. UNITS, ERROR
7-DIGIT LED DISPLAY
mV.J. K. T.E.R, SAND C / \ MESSAGES
DUAL PAIRS OF
BINDING POSTS
INPUT OR OUTPUT
TERMINALS —~___
TERMINAL PAIR
SELECT
A/B
FUNCTION SELECT
OFF, MEASURE,
CALIBRATE, TEST
°F/°C
SELECT
| HINGED
DOOR TO
| TO FRONT
: PANEL STORAGE
FUSE,
SERVICE
CABLE
MEASLIRE
0b ——> | —-- LA IBRAIr -—
> . 2 ~
. -- 5"
— OUTPUT ADJUST
Figure 2-1. OMNI-CAL™ Front Panel Features
2-2
-— TEMP UNITS
CHARGER CORD,
COARSE AND FINE
2.5
TABLE 1
OMNI-CAL™ DISPLAY FORMATS
“= Tim PTI IT Measures temperature
IZ | Zi LIT (IT directly from thermocouple
= = — = types J, K, T, & E, with
= | НЕС resolution of 0.1°F and
PR IR ILLA | 0.1%.
| ZI ПО Measures temperature
IL | _! / IC directly from thermocoupie
types R, S, & C with resolu-
tion of 1°F and 1°C.
|
|
r— io,
| |
a —
hee
|
11 | 1Z
Е Measures +20mV signals
with resolution of 0.001mV
—
NARA
I_ 11.11
——
———
- |
IA. II 0
[ {171 / PIT
Г В Г НОЕ Measures +20mV to
T5 j = + 101 -1mV signals with
— IL PILI resolution of 0.01mV.
11 HR TL Automatically indicates
I ГЕИ faults: temperature above
1
or below the calibrated
instrument range, ог...
—
—
mandó A
/ | open thermocoupie or …
_ input signal greater than
I—_ |! | I_1 11 101.1mV.
—
—
a
= | =
"Ti
PRE-OPERATIONAL TESTS
To obtain the maximum benefits when using your OMNI-CAL™ observe the following precautions and perform a
simple self test of the instrument.
1. Set up for use in as draft-free an ambient as possible.
2. Allow at least 1 minute for warmup before making measurements of 1° resolution thermocouples or 0.01 mV
resolution voltages. Allow 15 minutes for 0.1° thermocouple or 0.001 mV resolution ranges.
3. Operate on battery power, whenever possible.
Before each CALIBRATE/MEASUREMENT operation:
The °F, °C switch must be placed in °C position.
1. Select the TEST FUNCTION.
2. Rotate the RANGE selector through its eight range positions, starting with mV.
3. For each RANGE position, the display value should be within the limits shown on the calibration label located
on the inside case cover.
Note that a full display appears momentarily after each range selection. Check the lighting of each of the 7
segments and decimal point that should appear in each of the 7 digits. Display reads 8.8.8.8.8.8.8.
A blinking display indicates a low battery voltage. You have 10 minutes of continued in-spec OMNI-CAL"
performance from the time the display starts blinking until the battery pack MUST be recharged. At the end of
the 10 minute interval, the OMNI-CAL™ is automatically programmed to stop its operation.
Start the recharge cycle as soon as possible after observing a low battery indication. OMNI-CAL™ operation may
be continued, if necessary, during the recharge operation.
If your OMNI-CAL™ will not operate in the battery mode after several attempts at charging, it may be necessary
to replace your battery pack.
2-3
SECTION 3 OPERATION
3.1
This section includes step by step instructions for using OMNI-CAL™ in the Measure. Calibrate. and Test func-
tions. You will learn how to use your OMNI-CAL™:
1. As a Field Calibrator/Simulator, to calibrate analog and digital thermocouple instruments, including pane!
meters. indicators/controliers, chart recorders, data loggers, thermocouple amplifiers, linearizers and bridges,
X-Y plotters, millivoitmeters, VCOs, etc.
2. As an Indicator of wide temperature ranges from seven (7) basic thermocoupie types incorporated in the
memory of OMNI-CAL™,
3. As a millivolt generator for calibrating other than thermocouple instruments.
4. As a precision millivoltmeter, for precision measurements of low level signals from a variety of transducers
and signal sources.
5. As a precision comparator, to compare two thermocouples or other signal sources.
6. As a calibrator of thermocouples, when used with a precision controlled temperature bath, such as ““hi-temp”
sand bath, 32°F ice bath, temperature controlied oil bath, cryostat, and freeze point standard.
7. As a digital thermometer, to measure ambient temperature and special reference junction temperatures when
used with a calibrated thermocouple.
8. As a laboratory instrument, performing all the functions noted in steps 1 through 7 and especially useful where
precision temperature measurements and calibrations with 0.1° resolution and conformity are required.
9. As a self testing and diagnostic tool, indicating open thermocouples, or thermocouple signals above or below
the range of specified thermocouples.
These applications are illustrated in the figures that follow, showing site hookups, including the use of accessory
leads. adaptors, and external equipment.
In the lid of each OMNI-CAL™ is a decal (4 or 8 range) giving abbreviated operating instructions in each of the
three modes of OMNI-CAL™ operation: Measure, Calibrate, Test. These decals also contain a listing of the
various thermocouple types, their operating range in °F or °C, and the factory recorded test readings at 25°C
+ 10°C for each of the input ranges (mV as well as thermocouples).
THERMOCOUPLE WIRES
In making measurements where additonal wire must be connected to the thermocouple leads, care must be
exercised in selecting these wire types, not only when they are claimed to be of the same composition as the
thermocouple involved, but, also of their “quality”. Performance results where high precision is required, and
in circumstances where some type of thermocouple wire leads are added to the original installation, should be
reviewed carefully for the impact of the choice of the additional wire leads. Call OMEGA ENGINEERING for
assistance if required.
The quality of thermocouple wire is established by the limits of error to be expected in its use. There are three
recognizable levels of quality:
Special Grade
Standard Grade
Extension Grade
The error limits determining the grade quality differ from thermocouple type to thermocouple type, reflecting the
degree of difficulty in maintaining the precise levels of purity of the metals used. Table 2 summarizes the error
limits for Special and Standard grades, while extension grade wire is characterized by limits of error exceeding
those in Table 2. Errors up to + 8°F may be experienced when using extension grade thermocouple wire for J
and K thermocouples.
3-1
TABLE 2
LIMITS OF ERROR FOR THERMOCOUPLES: REFERENCE JUNCTION 0°C
1
Limits of Error?
Thermo- Standard Special
couple Temperature Temperature (Whichever (Whichever
Type Range °C Range °F is greater) is greater)
T Oto 350 32t0 662 +1.0°С ог + 0.75% + 0.5°С ог .4%
J Oto 750 32101382 +2.2%Cor +0,75% + 1.1°C or 4%
E Oto 900 321016852 +1.7°С ог + 0.5% + 1.0°С ог .4%
К 0 to 1250 32102282 +2.2%Cor +0.75% + 1.1°C or 4%
RorS 0 to 1450 32102642 +1.5%Cor +0.25% + 0.6°С or 1%
B 800 to 1700 1472t03092 +0.5% Not Estab.
CG D’ Oto 425 32to 797 +45°C Not Estab.
425 to 2320 797 to 4208 + 1.0% Not Estab.
Sub-Zero Range:
T -200t00 — 328 to 32 + 1.0°С ог + 1.5% Not Estab.
E — 200 to O — 328 to 32 +1.7°Cor +1.0% Not Estab.
K -200t00 — 328 to 32 +2.2% or +2.0% Not Estab.
"Mot ANS)
Symbol
TANSI MC 96111975)
These limits are QIven only as a quide tor discussion be-
tween purcha ser ang supprer
The tmits of error of the thermocoupies and extension
WITOS are based on a Reference Junction temperature of
32°F (0°C). Does not include use or installation errors.
Due to the characteristics of the Materials sut-zero hmits
of error for type J thermocouples are not listed.
3.2 AS AFIELD CALIBRATOR/SIMULATOR, CALIBRATING THERMOCOUPLE TYPE INDICATORS,
RECORDERS, AND CONTROLLERS
When the thermocouple type is within the OMNI-CAL™ ranges (See Figure 3-1.)
1. Disconnect the thermocouple leads from the Instrument to be calibrated.
2. Use the appropriate thermocouple type and Quality grade leads to connect the instrument to an OMNI-CAL™
terminal pair.
3. Select the CALIBRATE function.
. Select the appropriate OMNI-CAL ™ RANGE.
9. Use Coarse and Fine OUTPUT ADJUST controls for a 0° display value.
Select temperature unit °F/°C as used in the instrument being calibrated. If the instrument
being calibrated does not include a zero value In its Full Scale Range, set up the minimum value that can
be displayed (or indicated).
>
6. Adjust the instrument ZERO for 0° (or minimum value) instrument display (or indication).
7. Use OMNI-CAL™ OUTPUT ADJUST controls for an Instrument Full Scale Range output value.
8. Adjust the Instrument RANGE (GAIN or SPAN) control for equal instrument display (or indication).
SELECT APPROPRIATE
SELECT THERMOCOUPLE ENG. UNITS *F/*C
RANGE O O RANGE FOR APPROPRIATE AS ON INSTRUMENTS
(GAIN) - ZERO THERMOCOUPLE BEING CHECKED
| | THERMOCOUPLE “TYPE” Se
Y Y LEADS N
Г, TO “A” TERMINAL PAIR | |
po! + | И +: |
bod Ws
| {INSTRUMENT / ь AN y
| CALIBRATED | NX 5 a A
РО ALI
| No 11.9 ©
| | У RED LEA | | ae
RED LEAD e 59
NON SELECT “A” A „N |
у TERMINAL PAIR || ; f N |
i | —
——— Г u e
THERMOCOUPLE ADJUST COARSE &
“TYPE” SELECT CALIBRATE — FINE FOR DESIRED
REMOVE LEADS TEMP READOUT
Figure 3-1. Standard OMNI-CAL™ Setup for Temperature Measurements
3-2
3.3 AS AN INDICATOR OF TEMPERATURES WITH THERMOCOUPLES IN THE OMNI-CAL™ RANGE
This procedure is applicable to circumstances where the thermocouple is of the type shown on the front panel
RANGE selection (7 basic types or 3 basic types). See Figure 3-2.
1. Use special or standard thermocouple leads to connect to the thermocouple input terminals of OMNI-CAL™.
You may use either pair of thermocouple terminals. See Table 3.
CAUTION
Observe care in connecting proper polarities. The red thermocouple lead is to be connected
to the negative binding post terminal; connect the other lead to the positive terminal.
Turn the A/B channel select switch to the connected terminal pair. (Figure 3-2 indicates connection to the
“A” terminal as an example only.)
Rotate the RANGE selector switch to the appropriate thermocouple type.
Rotate the FUNCTION selector switch to the MEASURE function.
Select the desired temperature units, °C/°F.
Read the temperature in the display. The value has been compensated automatically for the reference junc-
tion temperature.
N
DNS
RED
Gi
NS
JKT.ERSC
Figure 3-2. Temperature Measurement with OMNI-CAL™
TABLE 3
THERMOCOUPLE LEAD COLOR CODES (ANSI)
Type Plus(+) Minus( —)
T Blue Red
J White Red
E Purple Red
K Yellow Red
R, S Black Red
B Green Red
3-3
3.4
3.5
AS A MILLIVOLT GENERATOR FOR CALIBRATING VOLTAGE MEASURING/DISPLAY INDICATORS
When used in the CALIBRATE FUNCTION and mV RANGE, the OMNI-CAL provides a precision millivolt range
calibration signal that may be used as a standard Input to calibrate such devices as X-Y plotters, strip chart
recorders, data loggers, etc. See Figure 3-3.
Replace the normal millivolt level input to the instrument to be calibrated with the output of the OMNI-CAL™.
Adjust the OMNI-CAL™ output with the Coarse and Fine controls for the desired valve as indicated
in the display.
Adjust the instrument GAIN for the proper indicated value.
AS À PRECISION MILLIVOLTMETER, MEASURING THERMOCOUPLES NOT COVERED IN THE
OMNI-CAL™ RANGE OR OTHER TRANSDUCERS
The OMNI-CAL™ is a convenient field portable device for measuring the outputs of transducers such as
pressure gages, tlowmeters, level indicators, force indicators, etc., where such outputs are in the millivolt
level.
Merely connect the output of such devices to the OMNI-CAL™, and operate the OMNI-CAL™ in the
MEASURE FUNCTION and mV RANGE. (The reference junction temperature compensation is removed
from the measuring circuit in the mV RANGE.)
Consult available tables of emf vs. temperature to convert the millivolt readings to appropriate engineering
units.
Where temperature vs. emf tabular data is available, the OMNI-CAL™
measurements of thermocouple out
those in the OMNI-CAL™
гЕво © Y
Xx
y
RANGE
(GAIN)
|
INSTRUMENT BEING |
CALIBRATED
—
©
COPPER
/ WIRE
ii
puts into values of temperature wh
memory. See Figure 3-4.
—
07
"Ч
‚ В
A À i DEF - й оон ©
— Ö \
MILLIVOLT A
TRANSDUCER | — 4 0 IN
(FLOW, PRESSURE, |
ETC.)
"DISPLAY READOUT IS MILLIVOLTS. ANNUNCIATOR IS E.
VALUES BETWEEN — 12 AND +80 mV MAY BE SELECTED.
I VA
+ y
me
- À , : .
о ©
+
©
° AL 1BRAT+ to
may be used to convert precision
en the thermocouple is not one of
,
lt mi ny
3-4
FUNCTION SET TO
CALIBRATE
Figure 3-3. Calibrating mV Measuring/Display Indicators
OUTPUT
ADJUST
CALIBRATED mV RANGE
THERMOMETER
Yad e.O A
COPPER 8 9
=
"DISPLAY IS IN MILLIVOLTS. VALUES BETWEEN
- 101.10 AND + 101.10 mV MAY BE MEASURED.
MEAS
URE
Figure 3-4. Temperature Measurement via mV Function
1. Connect the transducer reference terminals to OMNI-CAL™ with copper leads.
Observe the proper polarity being sure to connect the negative thermocoupie terminal to the
negative binding post terminal.
2. Use a calibrated thermocouple (See Paragraph 3.8) or thermometer to measure the temperature of the
reference junction (where the copper leads are connected to the transducer leads). The other input bin-
ding posts of the OMNI-CAL™ may be used with the calibrated thermocouple to obtain the reference
junction temperature with minimum additional operations.
. Select the OMNI-CAL™ MEASURE function.
. Select the OMNI-CAL™ mV range.
. Read the millivolt value on the OMNI-CAL™ display. Record.
. Use an approved tabular listing of transducer temperature vs. voltage and convert the values recorded in
steps 2 and 6 as shown in the sample below.
Assume the use of thermocouple type B. Tables for this type are available in NBS Monograph 125.
Catalog Number OP-3 available from OMEGA Press.
Assume reference junction temperature is 65°F in step 2. Look up the tables, and obtain the equivalent
millivolt value for 65°F:
65°F = -0.003 mV
Assume a millivolt display value of 0.549 in step 5.
SD ana
Since the reference junction temperature is above the table reference point of 32%F, add the two values
algebraically:
— 0.003 mV
+ 0.549 mV
+ 0.546 mV
....the true 32°F (0°C) reference junction compensated voltage.
Look up the tables to obtain the temperature for 0.546 mV:
It is between 635 and 636°F.
The temperature is 635.5°F.
3-5
3.6 AS A PRECISION COMPARATOR, COMPARING TWO THERMOCOUPLES OR OTHER SIGNAL SOURCES
a. When both thermocouple elements are of the same type:
1. Connect each to a pair of binding post terminals, using the same type and quality grade of thermocouple
leads.
2. Select the OMNI-CAL™ MEASURE function.
3. Select the OMNI-CAL™ RANGE type for the thermocouple involved.
4. Be sure the thermocouple probes are as close together as possible in the heat source. Tight contact of the
two probes is preferable, if obtainable.
S. Alternately select input terminal pair A, or B.
6. Read and record the alternate displays. Remember that the OMNI-CAL™ goes into a display test mode
with each new selection, before the measured value appears.
D. When the thermocouple units are not among those in the OMNI-CAL™ Range:
1. Connect the thermocouple leads to Copper extension wires. These connections form the reference junc-
tion. immerse the reference junction in an ice bath which is maintained at 32°F (0°C) by using crushed ice
and water and stirring thoroughly. See Figure 3-5.
ICE BATH OR
ELECTRONIC ICE POINT
REFERENCE (OMEGA TRC)
THERMOMETER
0°C (32°F)
NN
COPPER
WIRE
CONN |
NU RED
RED | COPPER
WIRE
“DISPLAY VALUE OF 0.549E
MEASURE
Figure 3-5. Comparing Thermocouple Performance
2. Connect the reference junction ice point to the OMNI-CAL™. Observe the proper polarities; red lead to
negative terminal.
3. Select OMNI-CAL™ MEASURE function.
4. Select OMNI-CAL™ mV range.
5. Select alternate OMNI-CAL™ Input terminals A, or B.
6. Read and record the alternate display values.
c. When different thermocouple types are to be compared:
1. Both are among the OMNI-CAL™ ranges; follow procedure 3.6 a above, but select the appropriate thermo-
couple range type corresponding to the thermocouple connected to the input when A/B selection is made.
2. At least one is not among the OMNI-CAL™ ranges. follow the procedure in paragraph 3.6 b, but use the dif-
ferent electronic ice point adaptors for each thermocouple element. Compare mV display values.
3-6
3.7 AS A CALIBRATOR OF THERMOCOUPLES, USING PRECISION TEMPERATURE BATHS
The OMNI-CAL™ is a laboratory grade instrument. its accuracy as a precision indicator and its display resolution
make it suitable for laboratory calibration of thermocouples (whether or not they are within the OMNI-CAL™
memory). To accomplish the procedure described in this paragraph, one or more of the precision temperature
baths shown in Figure 3-6 must be available.
1. Immerse the thermocouple in the precision temperature bath, whose temperature is known to an accuracy of
+0.01% to +0.1%C.
2. Select the appropriate thermocouple type RANGE. Select the MEASURE function. If the thermocouple is not
among the OMNI-CAL™ ranges, select the mV RANGE.
3. Read the sensed temperature (or the millivolt value).
4. Record the difference between the value of the Precision Temperature Bath and the measured value on the
display.
5. Calculate the instrumentation error as the root sum square of the possibile error introduced by the
OMNI-CAL™ for the thermocouple type and temperature range (See Section 6) plus the error introduced by
the thermocouple wire (See Paragraph 3.1) plus the inaccuracy of the temperature bath.
RANGE
THERMOCOUPLE OR mV *
THERMOCOUPLE
WIRE
MÉASURÉ
PRECISION
TEMP
BATH,
INSULATED
CONTAINER
FUNCTION MEASURE
* DISPLAY IN mV WHEN IN mV RANGE
Figure 3-6. Calibrating Thermocouples in Precision Temperature Baths
3.8 AS A PRECISION DIGITAL THERMOMETER USING CALIBRATED THERMOCOUPLES
The precision and accuracy of the OMNI-CAL™ make it possible to perform temperature measurements with a
Special Grade thermocouple with an accuracy up to this time unavailable for field instruments.
(The accuracy of the precision thermocouple may be checked by using the procedure of the previous
paragraph.)
Use the OMNI-CAL™ in the MEASURE function and select the RANGE of the thermocouple in use.
Determine the possible error of the measurement by calculating the root sum square of the errors determined
from the table of Limits of Error for the thermocouple used plus the error of the OMNI-CAL™ as determined from
the specifications.
3-7
SELECT
FOAM OR RUBBER THERMOCOUPLE
PACKING RANGE (OR mv) 7
SELECT CALIBRATE
N
qd
DATA
RECORDER ИЛ |
TO BE 5
ОТО АС
MONITORED / | < / RECHARGING
e -O- POWER
В A lo
SPECIAL OR E Эн — a e - oO
STANDARD O — { =
GRADE mu
THERMOCOUPLE
WIRES RE | |
(OR COPPER) \ — — y
— — I)
anno ZU TTT
AROUND DATA FOAM
RECORDER VIBRATION
INSULATION
"DISPLAY IN mV WHEN in mV RANGE
3.9
3.10
3.11
Figure 3-7. Calibrating Thermocouple Type Indicators, Recorders, and Controllers in the Laboratory
AS A LABORATORY INSTRUMENT, WHERE HIGH PRECISION TEMPERATURE CALIBRATIONS
ARE REQUIRED.
The OMNI-CAL™ is particularly well suited for laboratory use where very precise temperature calibrations
(+0.19) are to be made. See Figure 3-7.
1. Connect the temperature measuring device (chart recorder, indicator, controller, data logger, etc.) to the
OMNI-CAL™.
2. Use the OMNI-CAL™ in its recharging mode (the battery life is typically 8 hours when fully charged).
3. Place the thermal measuring equipment in a protected enclosure to insure the absence of draft induced
changes in ambient temperature.
4. Pack the OMNI-CAL™ input terminals in a foam rubber packing to maintain an insulated reference junction
environment.
5. Set up the OMNI-CAL™ for the appropriate RANGE and CALIBRATE function.
6. Adjust the OMNI-CAL™ output for the desired reading. Operate the OMNI-CAL™ as for normal procedures.
7. Because of the precision of OMNI-CAL™. you can now detect small temperature variations of 0.12 in process
recording, monitoring, and controlling instruments.
AS A SELF TESTING DIAGNOSTIC TOOL
The OMNI-CALM may be used as a troubleshooting tool in installations where malfunctioning thermocouples are
suspected.
Merely connect the suspect thermocouple (or other millivolt transducer) to the OMNI-CAL and set the front
panel controls for the appropriate RANGE (thermocouple type or mV) and MEASURE.
The OMNI-CAL™ will display an appropriate error message if the transducer has an open lead or if the output ex-
ceeds the high or low levels of the specified component. Refer to Table 1.
SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
For the petrochemical and pipeline industries, where intrinsic safe operation is required, the OMNI-CAL™ may be
used with an approved barrier system without serious degradation of performance in either the measurement or
calibration mode.
3-8
MEASUREMENT MODE
1. Connect the thermocouple leads or millivolt in-
put leads to either the A or B set of input binding
вы
OMNI-CAL™ OPERATION
CALIBRATE MODE
. Disconnect the signal or sensor leads from the
input of the instrument to be calibrated.
TEST MODE
. Set function selector to TEST.
post terminals. Set the channel A/B input 2. Set °F or °C selector to °C.
selector switch accordingly. Connect the red 2. Connect the OMNI-CAL™ to the input of the in-
thermocouple lead to the minus ( -) terminal strument to be calibrated using thermocouple 3. Readout will be per the TEST READING
for thermocouple temperature measurements. wire of the same type as the calibration: use of the below table (input leads need not be
Use copper leads for millivolt measurements. copper leads for millivolt calibration. See step disconnected).
1 of MEASUREMENT MODE.
2. Set function selector to MEASURE. DIAGNOSTICS
3. Set the function selector to CALIBRATE.
3. Set RANGE selector to mV or to the thermo- 1. Display reads OPEN for an open input, sensor
couple type attached to the OMNI-CAL'M 4. Set the RANGE selector for the thermocouple burnout, or millivolt readings below — 101.1 mV.
type required for the thermocouple calibration,
4. Select °F or °C for the temperature readout or to mV for millivolt calibrations. 2. Display reads HI or LO for temperatures out-
desired. side the measurement range (see Operating
5. Select °F or °C for thermocouple calibrations. Range Table
5. Readout displays measurement value. Readout
displays *F or *C for temperature” and E for 6. Adjust the COARSE and FINE controls of 3. Display reads ERROR for millivolt inputs greater
millivolts. Allow one minute warm-up for one the OUTPUT ADJUST potentiometer for than +101.1 mV.
degree resolution and a fifteen minute warm-up the thermocouple calibration temperature *
for tenth degree resolution. or millivolt calibration voltage desired as 4. A flashing display indicates a low battery
defined by the display. condition.
7. Readout and warm-up per step 5 of MEASURE-
MENT MODE.
OPERATING RANGE
Range” — ANSI Alloy ANSI Color °F °C Resolution Test Readings at 25 + 10°C
mV Copper/Copper — 20 101.1 MV ‚001/017 ” MV" +0.012 mV
J Iron/Constantan White/Red — —346to 2192 -210to 1200 0.1 J +0.3°C Model
K Chromel/Alumel Yellow/Red -328to 2501 -200to 1372 0.1 K +0.4%
T Copper/Constantan Blue/Red — 40510 752 -243to 400 0.1 T +0.4°С
Е ChromeVConstantan Purple/Red —422to0 1832 - 252 to 1000 0.1 E +0.3°C
R Pt/Pt 13% Rhodium Black/Red — 5810 3214 -—50to 1768 1.0 В +2°С Serial Number
S Pt/Pt 10% Rhodium Black/Red -58t03214 -50to 1768 1.0 S + 2°C
C W5Re/W26Re — + 32 to 4200 O to 2315 1.0 C +2°C
NOTE: Read Instruction Manual for further operational details.
“Per ANSI Standards, IPTS-68 and NBS Monograph 125.
0.001 mV from — 30 mV to +20 mV.
-- “Enter Test Readings from inside cover of your unit.
3-9
SECTION 4 ADJUSTMENTS AND CALIBRATION
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.2
4.2.1
RECALIBRATION
Recalibration of your OMNI-CAL™ should not be required for one year. Refer to the following procedures when
required.
Setup
The calibration should be performed where there is relatively calm ambient air flow at 73°F + V2°F (+23°C
+ 12°C). It is desirable to create a “Calibration Box” of some foam plastic, in which the assembly may be placed
while performing the calibration procedure, and where the ambient air temperature may be controlled within the
specified tolerance. Connections at the front panel terminals should be shrouded in plastic foam, such as you
will find on the inner connections to the analog assembly.
WARNING
During this procedure, voltage potentials of 120 V ac (or 240 V ac) will be accessible.
Equipment Required
1. Precision, adjustable voltage standard, +110 mV, 0.01% accuracy, 1 uV resolution.
2. Ice point reference, 32.0 + 0.1°F; OMEGA Model TRC-lll equivalent.
3. T Thermocouple, calibrated to +0.1°F at 75°F.
4. Power Supply, adjustable 5 to 7 volts, 0.5 amperes.
5. Digital Voitmeter, 5 to 7 volts, 0.01 volt resolution, 0.1% accuracy.
6. Oscilloscope, 5 MHz bandwidth.
PREAMP AND SCALING CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
Setup (Figures 4-1 and 4-2)
1. Disconnect the battery cable from connector J4 on the power supply card.
2. Connect the power supply to the same connector. Refer to the connector pin terminals as shown in
Figure 4-1.
| CAUTION |
Reversed power supply voltages may cause failure of the power supply printed circuit board.
| OMNI-CAL™
VOLTAGE -| ©. |
STANDARD - © | Na
| TP? ? | | |
& e ' ¡Ja 28 + POWER
+ | I (ЗН - SUPPLY
i
THERMOCOUPLE 5° CLL Le
À
— . 2e
~~ ANALOG У
METER
ICE POINT BOARD
REFERENCE OSCILLOSCOPE POWER
(32.0°F) SUPPLY
— INPUT BOARD
GND
Figure 4-1. Recalibration Setup
4-1
K4 K3 K2 K1 3
GAIN ADJUST TEMP ZERO
P4 BATTERY
PACK CONNECTOR
¿PIN2=+
/ PIN3=-
(PIN 1 NC) GROUND
TP?
, R31
ACCESS TO
R6 BATTERY TV ZERO
LOW ADJUST
Figure 4-2. Recalibration Adjustments
3. Set the power supply to + 6.2 volts.
. Connect the voltage standard to the input terminals, using copper wires. Shroud the connections with a foam
rubber or plastic insulating material for best calibration accuracy.
. Set the voltage standard for an output of 0.00 mV.
. At the OMNI-CAL front panel, select mV RANGE and MEASURE function.
. Connect the oscilloscope ground lead to the GND test point on the analog assembly card. See Figure 4-2.
. Set the oscilloscope sweep to 10 milliseconds per division.
. Set the oscilloscope for free running or automatic triggering.
. Connect oscilloscope vertical input to the preamp output at TP2,
>
© © 00 — © сл
1
4.2.2 Preamp Zero Offset Adjust (R21)
Allow the instrument to warm up for at least 30 minutes before making any adjustments to the calibrating
controls.
Observe the waveform on the oscilloscope. Adjust the preamp offset (R21) for approximately straight, zero
voltage trace (within +1 cm) with scope sensitivity of 0.1 V/em.
NOTE
Once every five seconds there will be a positive pulse of about 3 V. This is the output of the
reference junction sensor, and it should be ignored.
Disconnect the oscilloscope.
4.2.3 Amplifier Gain (Scaling) (K1, K2, K3, Ka)
Set the voltage standard to the values shown in Table 4. Adjust the indicated control until the display on the
OMNI-CAL™ is the value indicated in Table 4.
4-2
TABLE 4
AMPLIFIER GAIN
Voltage Display
Standard (mV) Adjust Value
0.000 R41(mV zero) 0.000
+ 15.000 K4 15.000
+ 40.000 K3 40.000
+ 70.000 K2 70.000
+ 90.000 K1 90.000
Set the voltage standard to the values shown in Table 5. Observe the displayed values for each setting. Check
to see that the displayed values are within the tolerance specified in Table 5. If a value exceeds the tolerance
shown in Table 5, then adjust the indicated control to balance the error between positive and negative inputs
(half the indicated error).
TABLE 5
AMPLIFIER TOLERANCES
Voltage Display
Standard (mV) Tolerance (mV) Adjust
— 15.000 + 0.002 K4
— 40.000 +0.010 K3
— 70.000 +0.010 K2
— 90.000 + 0.010 K1
4.2.4 Reference Junction Calibration
4.2.5
—
. Remove the voltage standard input to the OMNI-CAL™
2. Connect a calibrated thermocouple to the input. Shroud the connection in foam rubber or plastic insulation for
best calibration accuracy.
3. Select the appropriate thermocouple RANGE on the front panel. Select °F display units.
4. Place the thermocouple in the Ice Point Reference. As an alternate procedure, use an ice bath (water + ice)
and stir thoroughly until the bath is “air saturated””. Allow S minutes for stabilization.
>. Adjust TEMP ZERO (R31) control for a displayed value of 32.0°F (0°C). Recall that this temperature is up-
dated only once every 5 seconds. Therefore, be sure that the effect of the adjustment of R31 has had a five
second opportunity to affect the displayed value before readjusting the potentiometer.
Low Battery Sense Calibration
1. Adjust BTRY LOW (RG) control on the digital card fully counterclockwise. See Figure 4-2.
2. Set the adjustable power supply voltage to 5.90 volts.
3. Slowly turn R6 clockwise until the display starts to blink.
Verify the proper action of this function, as follows:
1. Increase the power supply voltage until the display stops blinking (DO NOT EXCEED 7 VOLTS).
2. Slowly decrease the power supply to the value where the display starts to blink. Measure the power supply
voltage. It should be within + 0.03 volts of 5.90 volts.
Remove the voltage standard connection.
Replace the connector J4 on the power supply card.
Replace the assembly in the case. Reverse the procedure described above for removal. Do not re-fasten with the
Six screws until the TEST function in the next paragraph is completed.
4-3
4.2.6 Test Function
Place the instrument in battery operation, and let warm up for at {east 30 minutes.
Select the TEST function.
Select the thermocouple ranges for the instrument, and verify that the displayed value is within the limits shown
in Table 6. Repeat the calibration procedure if the results do not fall within the limits shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6
THERMOCOUPLE RANGES
Range Value
mV 4.450 to 5.550 mV
J 185 to 221°F
84.9 to 105.2°C
K 227 to 275°F
108.6 to 135.5°C
T 218 to 258°F
103.7 to 126.7°C
E 161 to 191°F
71.8 to 88.6°C
R 928 to 1108°F
498 to 598°C
S 971 to 1135°F
522 to 63I°C
C 530 to 630°F
277 to 337°C
4.3 BATTERY PACK REPLACEMENT (See Figure 4-2)
When your OMNI-CAL™ unit will no longer operate in the battery mode, replace the battery pack, following the
procedure described in paragraph 4.3.1.
4.3.1 Access to Battery Pack
1. Unplug ac power cord.
2. Remove 6 screws on front panel.
3. Slip assembly out of case.
4. Disconnect ground wire from the case.
4.3.2 Replacement
1. Unplug battery cable J4 on power supply board.
2. Remove the four screws that attach holder to power supply assembly.
3. Replace the battery pack with a 5 cell unit.
4. Be sure to maintain proper polarities of solder terminals.
5. Reassemble unit by following the steps above in reverse order.
SECTION 5 REFERENCE DATA
Reference Data A
DEFINITIONS
Cryogenic - Very low temperatures; used in reference to liquified gases su
low temperature thermistors.
ch as LOX (- 297°F) and LN2
(- 320°F). Requires use of high resistance Platinum RTDs (500, 5,000 ohms), gold Chrome! thermocouples or
DIN Std. - A European Temperature Standard. DIN 43710 establishes thermocouple curves.
Duplex Sensor - A dual thermocouple usually isolated from each other and in the same housing or sheath.
Freeze Point Std. - Provides known reference temperatures, the freezing points of metals. They are usually not
monitored by a reference thermometer since the pure metal samples are certified. Typical examples:
Metal Freezing Points
°C °F
Tin 231.97 449.55
Zinc 419.58 787.24
Aluminum 660.37 1220.67
Kapton - A DuPont Company Polyimide insulation material; Radiation Resistant, Maximum Temperature 285°C.
Used for high temperature lead wire insulation for RTDs and thermocouples.
O. D. (Tubing vs. Pipe) - Outside diameter, the proper way to size thermocouple sheath tubing vs. inside
diameter used for pipe sizing.
Platine! - A special high output/high temperature platinum alloy thermocou
Industries). Has an emf output of 0-51 mV over span of 32°F to 2372°F. Composition is gold, platinum and
palladium. Usual diameter is 0.020” per lead.
Reference Junction - The other junction (usually at ice point) to which the measuring thermocouple junction
IS compared. The output voltage of a thermocouple is approximately proportional to the temperature difference
between the measuring (hot) junction and the reference (cold) junction.
Response Time - (Time constant of a sensor). The time necessary for the sensor to reach 63
ple (Trademark of Englehard
In temperature with the sensor in water at a velocity of three (3) FYSec, transverse to the sheath.
Teflon/Tefzel - Medium temperature wire insulations useful to 500°F and 390°F respectively. Tefzel has some
radiation resistance.
Thermocouple - Two dissimilar metals with a voltage output proportional to temperature. ANS! types:
Temperature (max.)
Iron-Constantan (Copper-Nickel)
Chromel-Alumel (NiCr vs. NI-Al)
Copper-Constantan (Copper-Nickel)
Chromel-Constantan (NiCr vs. Cu-Ni)
Platinum-vs. Plat. 13% Rhodium
Platinum vs. Platinum 10% Rhodium
Plat. 6% Rhodium vs. Plat. 30% Rhodium
W 5% Rhenium vs. W 26% Rhenium
OWWImMm-AX
(Non-ANSI):
Thermowell - The pressure vessel into which a thermocouple is inserted for easy removal and/or replacement
purposes.
32° to 1382°F
— 328° to 2282°F
-328° to 662°F
~ 328° to 1652°F
32° to 2642°F
32° to 2642°F
32° to 3092°F
32° to 4208°F
‚2% of step change
TEMPERATURE DEFINITIONS SUPPLEMENT
OFHC - Oxygen free high conductivity copper, one leg in type T thermocouples, the other leg being an alloy of
approximately 60/40 copper nickel.
Alloy 11 - An alloy of copper with addition of approximately 0.5% nickel. Used with pure copper as compen-
sating lead wire for Platinum/Platinum-Rhodium thermocouples types R and S.
Nicrosil/Nisil - Thermocouple improvements on type K to eliminate the instability caused by high temperature
dnft and short term changes in emf in the 250-550°C range. Data available in NBS Monograph 161. Composi-
tion Is:
Nicrosil Nisil
Chromium 14.2%
Silicon 1.4% 4.4%
Nickel Balance Balance
Nicrosil/Nisil are useful from 32° to 2372°F (0° to 1300°C), where the emf output is about 47.5 mV.
Limits of Error - The deviation in degrees or % of Standard or Special Grade D thermocouples in emf outputs
from an ideal calibration. This tolerance or calibration normally applies only from 0°C up to the maximum
temperature for each thermocouple. Sub-zero limits require special calibrations.
Junction-Forming - The means of forming the electrical contact between the two wires of a thermocouple.
Methods include:
Type E - Soft or silver soldering for iow temperature operation.
Type J, K, T - Gas Welding; the wires are twisted together through two or three turns, held vertically in a vise
and joined by fusion with a gas flame (using only borax as a flux).
Reference Data B
HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOCOUPLES (OVER 2000°F)
Thermocouple Maximum Temperature Composition
°F °C
R 3214°F 1768°C Pt13Rh/Pt
S 3214°F 1768°C Pt10Rh/Pt
B 3308°F 1820°C Pt6Rh/Pt30 Rh
GT 4200 F 2315°C W/W-26Re
С*** 5000°F 2760°C W5Re/W-26 Re
D°** 4352-5072°F 2400-2800°C W3Re/W-25 Re
Platinel** 2372°F 1300°C Gold-Plat.-Palladium
Nicrosil/Nisil 2372°F 1300°C Nicrosil/14.2% Cr
(N) 1.4% Si/Bal Ni
Nisil/4,4% Si/Bal Ni
K 2501%F 1372°C NiCr/NiAl
PIMo 2900°F 1600°C Platinum-Molybdenum
PL20Rh/PL40Rh 3272-3362°F 1800-1850°C — Platinum-Rhodium
Iridium vs.” _— — 3632°F 2000°C Iridium-Rhodium
Iridium-Rhodium
“40, 50 or 60%
**Platinel is a registered trademark of Englehard Industries.
"”"Not ANSI Symbol.
5-2
SECTION 6 SPECIFICATIONS
TYPES, RANGES &
RESOLUTION:
REFERENCE JUNCTION
COMPENSATION:
ZERO STABILITY:
RANGE TEMPCO:
OVERLOAD PROTECTION:
INPUT IMPEDANCE:
RANGES, RESOLUTION, &
ACCURACY:
RANGE TEMPCO:
OVERLOAD PROTECTION:
RANGE:
RESOLUTION:
SOURCE IMPEDANCE:
NORMAL MODE REJECTION:
COMMON MODE REJECTION:
BATTERY MODE:
BATTERY LIFE:
RECHARGE MODE:
RECHARGE SOURCE:
OPERATE POWER:
PRIMARY/SECONDARY TRANSFORMER
ISOLATION:
WEIGHT:
DIMENSIONS:
OPERATING TEMPERATURE:
STORAGE TEMPERATURE:
RELATIVE HUMIDITY:
MOISTURE SEAL:
See Table 7
Automatic 0.017°/degree
from 590 to 95°F (150 to 35°C)
0.2 uV 12°F (RJC)
15 ppm/°C typical
120 V dc or 120 V ac rms, continuous
100 MQ or greater, during measure-
ment interval
See Table 8
Same as thermocouple inputs
Same as thermocouple inputs
—12mVto +80 mV
1 uV (typical)
409
50 dB @ 50/60 Hz
140 dB with 300 V ac isolation for
recharge mode
8 hours continuous operation
minimum for NiCad battery pack
Minimum 1,000 charge/discharge
cycles
14 to 16 hours for full charge. instru-
ment can be operated continuously
and indefinitely while on recharge.
110 V ac or 220 V ac, + 20%, 47 to
400 Hz. Includes line cord for
specified power source. Externally
accessible fuse
1.5 watts (Battery Mode)
1400 V ac
9.5 16 (4.3 kg)
H: 8” (203mm) x W: 12.5” (317 mm) x
D: 6” (152 mm)
14° to 104°F (— 10° to +40°C)
— 40° to + 140°F (— 40° to + 60°C)
0-90% noncondensing
O-ring sealed waterproof case;
splashproof panel
VIBRATION:
EMI/RFI:
BURN-IN:
CALIBRATION:
SAFETY:
RANGE SELECT:
FUNCTION SELECT:
°F/°C SELECT:
OUTPUT ADJUST (CALIBRATE
FUNCTIONS ONLY):
CHANNEL A/B SELECT:
DISPLAY TYPE:
DISPLAY READOUT UNITS:
LOW BATTERY:
POSITIVE TEMPERATURE OVERRANCE:
NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE
OVERRANGE:
OPEN THERMOCOUPLE INPUT:
OVERRANGE MV INPUT:
DISPLAY TEST:
Each unit vibrated at 5g for 30s
Shielding on six sides in standard
metal case
100 hrs min (without batteries), with
temperature cycles from 32° to
130°F, (0° to 54°C) plus power
ON/OFF cycles
NBS traceable. Detailed certificate of
conformance shipped with each unit.
Meets requirements of ANSI
C39-5-1974 for Electrical Safety
Rotary switch, four or eight ranges
Rotary switch, four position: OFF,
MEASURE, CALIBRATE, and TEST
Toggle switch, two position: °F or °C
Dual concentric potentiometer for
coarse and fine adjustment of output
(and of corresponding display)
Toggle switch, two position
Seven digit, seven segment planar,
red LED display, 0.30” (8 mm) high
°F or °C for temperature, E for
millivolts
Display blinks during a 10 minute
warning period, then the unit powers
down and the display turns off
“HIGH”
“LO”
“OPEN”
“ERROR”
Display reads all “8s” when unit is
turned on or range is changed
Notes to Specifications
1. Outside of this range (i.e., from — 10°C to + 15°C ambient, and from + 35°C to + 40°C ambient), maximum reference junction error is
+ 0.035/degree.
2. Range tempco applies from 14° to 104°F (— 10° to 40°C) ambient.
6-2
TABLE 7
RANGE, RESOLUTION, CONFORMITY, ACCURACY & STABILITY
OF THERMOCOUPLE MEASUREMENT AND SIMULATION FUNCTIONS!
(ALL VALUES IN DEGREES)
Thermocouple Overall
Type Temperature RSS Calibra- Accuracy
(metals) Scale Range? Resolution Conformity? tion Accuracy! 1 year’
J °F — 346 to +2192 0.1 + 0.2 +0.29 +1
(Fe/CuNi) °C - 210 10 +1200 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.17 +0.6
K °F — 328 10 + 2501 0.1 +0.2 + 0.33 +1
(NiCr/NiAl) °C — 200 to + 1372 0.1 +0.1 + 0.19 +0.6
T °F — 337 10 + 752 0.1 + 0.2 + 0.25 +1
(Cu/CuNi) — 405 to — 337 0.1 +9.2 + 9.11 +10
°С — 205 to + 400 0.1 +0.1 +0.15 +0.6
— 243 to — 205 0.1 +5.1 +5.10 +5.6
E °F — 389 10 + 1832 0.1 +0.2 | + 0.27 +1
(NiCr/CuNi) —422to — 389 0.1 + 5.0 + 4.81 +5
°C — 234 to + 1000 0.1 +0.1 +0.16 +0.6
—252t0 — 234 0.1 +2.8 +2.71 +2.8
R °F — 58 10 + 3214 1 + 0.2 + 0.76 +2
(Pt13Rh/Pt) °C -50to +1768 1 + 0.1 + 0.65 + 1.1
S °F — 5810 +3214 1 + 0.2 +£0.61 +2
(Pt10Rh/Pt) °C — 5010 + 1768 1 + 0.1 + 0.54 + 1.1
C °F +32 10 +2192 1 + 0.2 + 0.68 +1
(W5Re/W26Re) +2192 to +3812 1 +0.2 + 0.84 +2
+ 3812 10 + 4200 1 + 0.2 + 0.97 +3
°C Oto +1200 1 +0.1 + 0.56 +0.6
+ 1200 to + 2100 1 +0.1 +0.62 +1.1
+2100 to +2315 1 +0.1 +0.69 +1.7
TABLE 8 |
RANGE, RESOLUTION, AND ACCURACY
OF mV MEASUREMENT AND SOURCE FUNCTIONS
Voltage Range © Resolution RSS Calibration Overall
Accuracy? Accuracy
1 year”
— 20.000 mV to + 20.000 mV 0.001 mV + (0.005% of reading + (0.03%
+ 2 digits) reading +5
digits)
— 101.10 mV to —20.00 mV:
+ 20.00 mV to + 101.10 mV 0.01 mV + (0.01% of reading + (0.03%
+ 1 digit) reading +2
digits)
Notes to Tables 7 and 8
1. For unlisted thermocouples, such as types B, W, Nicrosil INisil, gold chrome, etc., use the OMNI-CAL™ millivolt range and appropriate mV
vs. T tables (NBS Monographs, etc.).
2. For thermocouple calibrate functions, the output range is — 12 mV to + 80 mV, with resolution and accuracy per the corresponding
temperatures shown.
Data conformity to ANSI Spec MC 96.1-1975. See Table 7 for equivalent standards.
Traceable to NBS. ASS = root sum squares: the square root of the sum of the squares of all the error contributions involved.
3.
4.
5. Instrument at 25°C + 2°C.
6.
For mV MEASURE operation, the instrument autoranges. For mV source operation (CALIBRATE function), the output range is — 12 mV to
+80 mV with resolution and accuracy per Table 8.
6-3
Servicing USA and Canada: Call OMEGA Toll Free
OMEGA Engineering, Inc.
One Omega Drive, Box 4047
Stamford, CT 06907-0047 U.S.A.
Headquarters: (203) 359-1660
Sales: 1-800-826-6342 / 1-800-TC-OMEGA
Customer Service: 1-800-622-2378 / 1-800-622-BEST
Engineering : 1-800-872-9436 / 1-800-USA-WHEN
FAX: (203) 359-7700 TELEX: 996404 EASYLINK: 62968934 CABLE: OMEGA
Servicing Europe: United Kingdom Sales and Distribution Center
OMEGA Technologies Ltd.
P.O. Box 1, Broughton Astley, Leicestershire
LE9 6XR, England
Telephone: (0455) 285520 FAX: (0455) 283912
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A a ENT 7 A ee Tad a
OMEGA warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship and to give satisfactory service for a period of
13 months from date of purchase. OMEGA Warranty adds an additional one (1) month grace period to the normal one (1) year
product warranty to cover handling and shipping time. This ensures that our customers receive maximum coverage on each
product. If the unit should malfunction, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation. Our Customer Service Department will
issue an Authorized Return (AR) number immediately upon phone or written request. Upon examination by OMEGA, if the unit
is found to be defective it will be repaired or replaced at no charge. However, this WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence
of having been tampered with or shows evidence of being damaged as a result of excessive corrosion; or current, heat, moisture
or vibration; improper specification; misapplication; misuse or other operating conditions outside of OMEGA's control. Compo-
nents which wear or which are damaged by misuse are not warranted. These include contact points, fuses, and triacs.
We are glad to offer suggestions on the use of our various products. Nevertheless OMEGA only warrants that the
parts manufactured by it will be as specified and free of defects.
OMEGA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANT-
ABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: The remedies of buyer set forth herein are exclusive and the total liability of OMEGA with
respect to this order, whether based on contract, warranty, negligence, indemnification, strict liability or otherwise,
shall not exceed the purchase price of the component upon which liability is based. In no event shall OMEGA be
liable for consequential, incidental or special damages.
Every precaution for accuracy has been taken in the preparation of this manual, however, OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. neither
assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors that may appear nor assumes liability for any damages that result from the use
of the products in accordance with the information contained in the manual.
“ RETURN REQUESTS / INQUIRIES
Direct all warranty and repair requests/inquiries to the OMEGA ENGINEERING Customer Service Department. Call toll free in the
USA and Canada: 1-800-622-2378, FAX: 203-359-7811; International: 203-359-1660, FAX: 203-359-7807.
BEFORE RETURNING ANY PRODUCT(S) TO OMEGA, YOU MUST OBTAIN AN AUTHORIZED RETURN (AR) NUMBER FROM OUR
CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT (IN ORDER TO AVOID PROCESSING DELAYS). The assigned AR number should then be
marked on the outside of the return package and on any correspondence.
FOR WARRANTY RETURNS, please have the following FOR NON-WARRANTY REPAIRS OR CALIBRATION, consult
information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA: OMEGA for current repair / calibration charges. Have the
following information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA:
1. P.O. number under which the product 1. Your P.O. number to cover the COST of the
was PURCHASED, repair / calibration,
2. Model and serial number of the product 2. Model and serial number of the product, and
under warranty, and 3. Repair instructions and/or specific problems
3. Repair instructions and/or specific problems you are having with the product.
you are having with the product.
OMEGA's policy is to make running changes, not model changes, whenever an improvement is possible. That way our customers get the latest
in technoiogy and engineering.
OMEGA is a registered trademark of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.
© Copyright 1993 OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. All rights reserved including illustrations. Nothing in this manual may be reproduced in any manner,
either wholly or in part for any purpose whatsoever without written permission from OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. Printed in U.S.A.