Xilinx Power Estimator User Guide (UG440)

Xilinx Power Estimator
User Guide
UG440 (v2015.3) September 30, 2015
Revision History
The following table shows the revision history for this document.
Date
Version
Revision
09/30/2015
2015.3
Updated the enhanced QPLL0 and QPLL1 support for UltraScale GTH and GTY clock
source control in Using the Transceiver Sheets (MGT, GT, GTP, GTX, GTH, GTY, GTZ) in
Chapter 3.
Added support for UltraScale+ devices (BRAM/URAM and PS Sheets) in Chapter 3,
Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets.
06/24/2015
2015.2
Updated the figures in Chapter 1, Overview and Chapter 3, Using Xilinx Power
Estimator Sheets.
Updated Important note in Using the Transceiver Sheets (MGT, GT, GTP, GTX, GTH, GTY,
GTZ) in Chapter 3.
Updated all the reference links in the guide.
Updated acronyms and capitalization issues in the guide.
04/01/2015
2015.1
Restructured the guide for easy navigation and usability.
Added Low and High Hard IP Block options for 100G Ethernet (CMAC) and Interlaken
(ILKN) Blocks of Using the Transceiver Sheets (MGT, GT, GTP, GTX, GTH, GTY, GTZ)).
Added eFUSE option for UltraScale devices to Using Other Sheets (7 Series, Zynq-7000
AP SoC, and UltraScale Devices).
Added a note toImporting the Power Estimation Results from ISE or Vivado (*.xpe).
Added Training Resources Videos to Additional Resources and Legal Notices chapter.
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Overview
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Getting Started with XPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Definitions/Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Using XPE User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
XPE Cell Color-Coding Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Using the Summary Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Using the XPE Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Using XPE Wizards (7 Series, Zynq-7000 AP SoC, and UltraScale Devices). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Chapter 2: Specifying and Managing Clocks
Specifying Clocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Using the Clock Management Resource Sheets (DCM, PMCD, PLL, MMCM, Clock Manager) . . . . 48
Chapter 3: Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Logic Sheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the IP Manager Sheet (7 Series, Zynq-7000 AP SoC, and UltraScale Devices) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using an I/O Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Block RAM (BRAM) Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the DSP Sheet (MULT, DSP48). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Transceiver Sheets (MGT, GT, GTP, GTX, GTH, GTY, GTZ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the TEMAC Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the PCIe Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using PPC440 (PowerPC) Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the PS Sheet (Zynq-7000 AP SoC Only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Other Sheets (7 Series, Zynq-7000 AP SoC, and UltraScale Devices) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
50
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67
68
73
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75
75
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Exporting Settings from XPE to XPower Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Importing Results from XPower Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
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Importing Results from Vivado Power Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Importing and Exporting the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Importing Data into XPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exporting XPE Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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82
83
87
Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Named Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Formulas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Visual Basic Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scripting XPE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
89
93
94
96
Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
Using the Power Comparison Snapshots Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Using Graph Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Appendix A: Additional Resources and Legal Notices
Xilinx Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Solution Centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Training Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Please Read: Important Legal Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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4
Chapter 1
Overview
Introduction
The Xilinx ® Power Estimator (XPE) spreadsheet is a power estimation tool typically used in
the pre-design and pre-implementation phases of a project. XPE assists with architecture
evaluation, device selection, appropriate power supply components, and thermal
management components specific for your application.
XPE considers your design resource usage, toggle rates, I/O loading, and many other factors
which it combines with the device models to calculate the estimated power distribution.
The device models are extracted from measurements, simulation, and/or extrapolation.
The accuracy of XPE is dependent on two primary sets of inputs:
•
Device utilization, component configuration, clock, enable, and toggle rates, and other
information you enter into the tool
•
Device data models integrated into the tool
For accurate estimates of your application, enter realistic information which is as complete
as possible. Modeling a certain aspect of the design over conservatively or without
sufficient knowledge of the design can result in unrealistic estimates. Some techniques to
drive the XPE to provide worst-case estimates or typical estimates are discussed in this
document.
XPE is a pre-implementation tool for use in the early stages of a design cycle or when the
Register Transfer Level (RTL) description is incomplete. After implementation, the XPower
Analyzer (XPA) tool (in the ISE® Design Suite) or Report Power (in the Vivado® Design Suite)
can be used for more accurate estimates and power analysis. For more information about
XPA, see the XPower Analyzer Help [Ref 1]. For more information about the Vivado power
analysis feature, see the Vivado User Guide: Power Analysis and Optimization (UG907)
[Ref 2].
XPE is a spreadsheet, so all Microsoft Excel functionality is fully retained in the writable or
unprotected sections of the spreadsheet. XPE has additional functionality oriented towards
ease of use. The drop-down menus and the comment-enabled cells are helpful features to
guide you.
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Chapter 1: Overview
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-1
Figure 1-1:
Xilinx Power Estimator Spreadsheet
The XPE spreadsheet also includes the Quick Estimate Wizard, the Memory Interface
Configuration Wizard, the Memory Generator Wizard (for block memory and distributed
memory), and the Transceiver Configuration Wizard. These wizards help novice and expert
users to quickly enter the important configuration parameters, which will then generate
relevant lines in the I/O, Logic, Block RAM (BRAM), Transceiver, and Other sheets, helping
with accurate power estimation.
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Chapter 1: Overview
VIDEO: The Vivado Design Suite QuickTake Video Tutorial: Using the Xilinx Power Estimator shows how
the Xilinx Power Estimator can help you determine power and cooling specifications for All
Programmable SoC and FPGA designs early in the product’s design cycle, often even before the logic
within the All Programmable SoC or FPGA has been designed.
Getting Started with XPE
Opening XPE
1. XPE requires a licensed version of Microsoft Excel 2003, Microsoft Excel 2007, or
Microsoft Excel 2010 to be installed.
Microsoft Excel 2013 is also supported in this release of XPE.
OpenOffice and Google Docs spreadsheet editors are not supported in this release of
XPE.
2. Download the latest available spreadsheet for your targeted device. The XPE
spreadsheets are available at the Power Efficiency web page.
Note: The 7 series/Zynq®-7000 All Programmable (AP) SoC XPE spreadsheet is available in
either .xlsm (Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook) or .xls (Excel 97-2003 Workbook) format.
3. Make sure your Microsoft Excel settings allow macro executions. XPE uses several
macros built into the XPE spreadsheet.
°
Microsoft Excel 2010 or 2013 - The following steps are required:
a.From the XPE spreadsheet select File > Options.
b.In the Excel Options dialog box, click Trust Center.
c.In the Trust Center dialog box, click Trust Center Settings and select the Macro
Settings tab.
d.Select Enable all macros, then click OK.
e.Reopen the XPE spreadsheet.
°
Microsoft Excel 200 7 - The following steps are required:
a.From the Microsoft Office button select Excel Options.
b.In the Options dialog box, click Trust Center.
c.In the Trust Center dialog box, click Trust Center Settings, and select the Macro
Security tab.
d.Select Enable all macros, then click OK.
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Chapter 1: Overview
e.Open or, if already open, reopen the XPE spreadsheet.
IMPORTANT: If you save an Excel 2007 or later spreadsheet as an .xlsx file (Excel Workbook) you will
lose the macro capability and render XPE nonfunctional. You will be warned of this if you try to save as
an .xlsx file.
°
Microsoft Excel 2003 - By default, the macro security level is set to High, which
disables macros. To change the macro security level, follow these steps (actual
menu names will vary with language of Microsoft Excel):
a.On the Tools menu, point to Macro and click Security.
b.In the Security dialog box, click the Security Level tab.
c.Select Medium, then click OK.
d.Open or, if already open, reopen the XPE spreadsheet.
e.When prompted whether to enable or disable macros, click Enable Macros.
IMPORTANT: On Windows, make sure your language is set to English. Select Control Panel >Clock,
Language, and Region > Region and Language, and set Format to English.
User Input Requirements
Power estimation for programmable devices like FPGAs is a complex process, because it is
highly dependent on the amount of logic in the design and the configuration of that logic.
To produce accurate estimates, the power estimation process requires accurate input
values, such as resource utilization, clock rates, and toggle rates. To supply the minimum
input that will allow XPE to estimate power with reasonable accuracy, you need the
following:
•
A target device-package-grade combination
•
A good estimate of resources you expect to use in the design (for example, flip-flops,
look-up tables, I/Os, block RAMs, DCMs or MMCMs, and PLLs.)
•
The clock frequency or frequencies for the design
•
An estimate of the data toggle rates for the design
•
The external memory and transceiver based interfaces with their data rates for the
design
•
The thermal environment in which the design will be operating
As a general rule, input as much information about your design as available, then leave the
remaining settings to default values. This strategy will allow you to determine the device
power supply and heat dissipation requirements.
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Chapter 1: Overview
TIP: Use Excel formulas to link different cells together. For example, type '=CLOCK!E10' in the Clock
cells of the Logic sheet, which lists the resources driven by this clock domain.
XPE Calculations and Results
XPE uses your design and environmental input, then combines this information with the
device data model to compute and present an estimated distribution of the power in the
targeted device.
XPE presents multiple views of the power distribution.
•
Power by Voltage Supplies - For each required voltage source, this information is
useful to select and size power supply components, such as regulators. Supply power
includes both off-chip and on-chip dissipated power.
•
Power by User Logic Resources - For each type of user logic in the design, XPE reports
the expected power. This allows you to experiment with architecture, resources, and
implementation trade-off choices to remain within the allotted power budget.
•
Thermal Power - XPE lets you enter device environment settings and reports thermal
properties of the device for your application, such as the expected junction
temperature. With this information you can evaluate the need for passive or active
cooling for your design.
The Summary sheet in XPE shows the total power for the device. Other sheets show
usage-based power. Leakage within the unused portion of the considered resource (if any)
is not shown.
IMPORTANT: In XPE, the power number cells are configured to display values with three decimal places
(for example, 0.000). The rounding of numbers with three precision is based on Microsoft Excel
behavior. Values less than 1mW are displayed as 0.000W. You can copy a cell and paste it into the User
sheet to see the actual value with precision adjusted.
Definitions/Terminology
Supported Device Families
Separate spreadsheets are available depending on the targeted architecture. These
spreadsheets are updated when new device data become available or when new features
are added to XPE.
•
UltraScale+ devices
°
Kintex® UltraScale+
°
Virtex ® UltraScale+
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Chapter 1: Overview
°
•
•
•
Zynq® UltraScale+
UltraScale™ devices
°
Kintex® UltraScale
°
Virtex ® UltraScale
7 Series devices and Zynq-7000 AP SoCs
°
Artix®-7, Artix-7 Automotive grade, and Artix-7 Defense grade
°
Kintex-7 and Kintex-7 Defense grade
°
Virtex-7 and Virtex-7 Defense grade
°
Zynq®-7000, Zynq-7000 Automotive grade, and Zynq-7000 Defense grade
Virtex-6 and Virtex-5 devices
°
Virtex-6, Virtex-6 Low Power, and Virtex-6Q Defense grade
°
Virtex-5, Virtex-5Q Defense grade, and Virtex-5QV Space grade
•
Virtex-4
•
Spartan®-6 and Spartan-3A – This spreadsheet includes all sub-families, including
Spartan-6 Lower Power, Spartan-6 Automotive, Spartan-6Q Defense-grade,
Spartan-3AN, and Spartan-3A DSP
•
Spartan-3E
•
Spartan-3
IMPORTANT: Download the latest available spreadsheet from the Power Efficiency web page.
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Chapter 1: Overview
Device Model Accuracy
The accuracy of the characterization data existing in the tool is reflected by accuracy
designations in the Characterization field on the Summary sheet of XPE. For most devices,
the history of the accuracy designation is also displayed in the Release sheet. The accuracy
designations are Advance, Preliminary, and Production.
Advance
The data integrated into XPE with this designation is based primarily on measurements and
characterization data made on early production devices. A set of widely used device
resources are included in the characterization. Characterization data is limited to these few
blocks. This data is typically available within a year of product launch. Although the data
with this designation is considered relatively stable and conservative, some under-reporting
or over-reporting might occur. Advance data accuracy is considered lower than the
Preliminary and Production data.
Preliminary
The data integrated into XPE with this designation is based on complete early production
silicon. Almost all the blocks in the device fabric are characterized. Data for most of the
dedicated blocks like TEMAC and PCIe ® block are also characterized and integrated into
XPE. The accuracy of power reporting is improved compared to Advance data.
Production
The data integrated into XPE with this designation is released after enough production
silicon of a particular device family member has been characterized to provide full power
correlation over numerous production lots. Characterization data for all blocks in the device
fabric is included.
Total Power
The total device power is calculated as follows:
Total devices power = Device Static + Design Static + Design Dynamic
The power estimates are modeled to account for temperature and voltage sensitivity.
Ambient temperature and regulated voltage on the system can be keyed into the
appropriate cells provided for that purpose.
Device Static Power
Also referred to as Leakage. Device static represents the transistor leakage power when the
device is powered and not configured.
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Design Static Power
Design static represents the additional power consumption when the device is configured
but there is no switching activity. It includes static power in I/O DCI terminations, clock
managers, and so forth.
For design static power calculations, XPE starts by assuming a blank bitstream. To add your
design elements (for example, Logic, I/Os, BRAMs, Clock Managers) to the design static
power calculations, you must enter the resource utilization and configuration in the XPE
resource sheets applicable to the design. Any I/O termination should be set to match the
board and the design. For any clock managers, enter a small clock frequency to indicate
usage. Enter or leave clock frequency values 0 on other resource sheets.
Design Dynamic Power
Design dynamic represents the additional power consumption from the user logic
utilization and switching activity.
Activity Rates
XPE shows values for these types of activity rates:
•
Toggle Rates
•
Signal Rates
Toggle Rates
Providing accurate toggle rates in the various XPE sheets is essential to get quality power
estimates. This information, however, might not be readily available at the stage in the
design cycle where you enter data in XPE. Activity might be refined as the design gets more
defined. Following are guidelines you can follow to help you enter design toggle activity.
•
For synchronous paths, toggle rate reflects how often an output changes relative to a
given clock input and can be modeled as a percentage between 0–100%. The max data
toggle rate of 100% means that the output toggles every active clock edge. For
example, consider a free running binary counter with a 100MHz clock. For the Least
Significant Bit you would enter 100% in the Toggle Rate column, because this bit
toggles every rising edge of the clock. For the second bit you would enter 50%,
because this bit toggles every other rising edge of the clock. When data changes twice
per clock cycle, enter 200% for the toggle rate.
•
For non-periodic or event-driven portions of designs, toggle rates cannot be easily
predicted. An effective method of estimating average toggle rates for a given design is
to segregate the different sections of the design based on their functionality or
hierarchy and estimate the toggle rates for each of the sub-blocks. An average toggle
rate can then be arrived at by calculating the average for the entire design or hierarchy.
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Most logic-intensive designs work at around 12.5% average toggle rate, which is the
default toggle rate setting in XPE.
It has been observed that designs with random data patterns as input generally have
toggle rates between 10%-30%. However, designs with a lot of glitch logic can have
toggle rates as high as or even higher than 50%. Glitch logic is generally classified as
combinatorial functions which have a high probability of the output changing when any
one input changes, such as XOR gates or unregistered arithmetic logic (i.e. adders).
Functions that use large amounts of such logic, such as error detection/correction
circuitry, might exhibit higher toggle rates due to this. Designs with large amounts of
control path logic, such as embedded designs, on average have lower toggle rates due
to large sections of logic being inactive at any given time during operation.
In summary, the primary factors that have an appreciable impact on the toggle rate of a
design are:
°
Input data pattern - Random data pattern versus known patterns have an impact on
the toggle rate.
°
Control signals - Use or lack of control signals such as reset and clock enables.
°
Design logic - High glitch XOR/CARRY logic, a highly pipelined design, or an
embedded design have an impact on the toggle rate.
General guidelines for the toggle-rates of Ex-OR (XOR) circuit
XOR contains more glitches and as we go deeper, the glitch count keeps increasing.
However, it does have a saturation point. In a non-glitch activity, the saturation point will be
at 50% toggle rate (at 3 to 4 levels of XOR tree)
In XOR, toggle rates depend on the circuit topology. Number of glitches depend on the
exact depth and width of XOR tree. Different XOR logic tree depth levels give different
results.
Example:
Maximum XOR Toggle rate in a user combinational logic assuming 1024 wide XOR with a
depth of 10 levels is as follows:
815% - Worst input
254% - Random input
Maximum XOR Toggle rate in user combinational logic assuming 32 wide XOR with a depth
of 5 levels:
516% - Worst input
114% - Random input
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IMPORTANT: In all the sheets which do not have a dedicated Clock Enable column make sure you
scale the toggle rate to account for any signal which gates this logic. For example, if the data toggle
rate is modeled at 50% but the synchronizing clock is enabled 50% of the time, the resulting toggle rate
should be 25% (50% x 50%).
IMPORTANT: To appreciate what 100% toggle rate means, think of a constantly enabled toggle
flip-flop (TFF) whose data input is tied High. The T-output of this flip-flop toggles every clock edge.
Very few designs could possibly have an average toggle rate that high (100%).
Note: The I/O sheet has a column to specify signal Data Rate. Make sure you adjust the Toggle
Rate and Data Rate columns accurately. For example, on an input signal which toggles on both
edges of the clock you would enter Toggle Rate = 200% and Data Rate = DDR (Dual Data Rate).
Signal Rates
Signal rate defines the number of millions of transitions per second (Mtr/s) for the element
considered. This is a read-only column that appears on some of the XPE sheets (for
example, the Logic, I/O, DSP, and Block RAM sheets). The general equation to calculate
signal rate is:
Signal Rate (Mtr/s) = Clock Frequency (Mhz) * Effective Toggle Rate (%)
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Fanout
Fanout defined in XPE is similar to the fanout reported by the synthesis tool and can differ
from the fanout reported by the implementation tool. This difference is expected because
fanout will vary with placement and packing of the logic.
•
In XPE fanout represents the number of individual loads or logic elements the
considered element is connected to (LUTs, flip-flops, block RAM, I/O flip-flops,
distributed RAM, and shift registers).
•
In the implementation tool, fanout represents the number of SLICEs the considered net
is routed to. A SLICE typically contains multiple logic elements and you generally do
not control packing of the different elements into SLICEs. XPE algorithms will estimate
this packing before calculating the power.
Effective Θ JA (C/W)
This coefficient defines how power is dissipated from the Xilinx device to the environment
(device junction to ambient air). Typically this option is calculated by XPE, taking into
account, among other things, the different environment parameters in the Settings panel
of the Summary sheet. Entering a value in this field will override XPE calculations. Use this
option if you have calculated this parameter by thermal simulations. You might also want to
use this feature to factor out environmental parameters when analyzing power differences
with another spreadsheet in which environment settings have been set differently.
ΘSA (C/W)
Θ SA represents the heat sink to ambient air thermal resistance. By default XPE obtains this
value from a representative selection of heat sink data matched to the device package,
combined with the Heat Sink value you set (Low Profile, Medium Profile, or High Profile)
and the Airflow value you set. The value used by XPE is shown in the Θ SA field on the
Summary sheet.
If you have the ΘSA information for your system you can enter your specific value. First set
the Heat Sink drop-down menu on the Summary sheet to Custom, then enter your ΘSA
value.
ΘJB (C/W)
Θ JB represents the device junction to board thermal resistance. By default XPE estimates
the junction to board thermal resistance based on standard JEDEC four-layer
measurements. If you have done thermal simulations of your system you can enter your
own specific value. First set the Board Selection drop-down menu on the Summary sheet
to Custom, then enter your ΘJB value.
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Junction Temperature (°C)
This field forces the value of the device junction temperature. XPE then adjusts the ambient
temperature to meet the specified junction temperature. This option could be used when
you need to work backward from a known or assumed worst case junction temperature and
define the environment that would ensure this temperature is not exceeded.
The Xilinx Analog to Digital Converter (XADC) component is included in many of the current
devices. As the XADC measures the Junction Temperature, you should wait for the value to
stabilize before and after configuring the device.
Using XPE User Interface
XPE has the following sheets:
•
The Summary sheet lets you enter and edit all device and environment settings. This
sheet also displays a summary of the power distribution and provides buttons to
import data into XPE, export results, and globally adjust settings.
•
Other sheets allow you to enter usage and activity details for the different resource
types available in the targeted device, for example, I/O, Block RAM (BRAM), and
Multi-Gigabit Transceivers (MGTs). These sheets report design power based on the
resource usage. Resource leakage power is shown on the Summary sheet.
TIP: XPE is intended to be intuitive to the novice spreadsheet-user. For information about a cell in the
spreadsheet, move the mouse over the comment indicators (red triangle at the top right corner of the
title cells) to read the relevant notes for the intended use (see Figure 1-2).
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-2
Figure 1-2:
Comment Indicators and Comment
XPE Cell Color-Coding Scheme
To simplify data entry and review, the XPE cells are color coded. A color Legend appears at
the bottom of the Summary sheet (see Figure 1-3).
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X-Ref Target - Figure 1-3
Figure 1-3:
Color Legend (Summary Sheet)
A description of the spreadsheet color-coding scheme is provided in Table 1-1.
Table 1-1:
XPE Cell Color-Coding Scheme
Cell Color
Cell Use
Available User Action
White
Allows user to enter data
Editable
Gray
Displays a calculated value
Read-only
Green
Displays a summary value
Read-only
Blue
User override of cells normally calculated by XPE
Editable
Orange
Flags a warning. Indicates that a resource is not
available.
Editable
Red
Flags an error.
Examples of errors are:
• A resource limit in the device has been
exceeded.
• The limits of a device specification (for
example, junction temperature) have been
exceeded.
Read-only. Edit other cells to
correct the error.
Using the Summary Sheet
The Summary sheet is the default sheet on launch and allows you to enter all device and
environment settings. On this sheet the tool also reports estimated power rail-wise and
block-wise so you can quickly review thermal and supply power distribution for your design
(see Figure 1-4).
You can add a description, short details about the design, or calculations related to the
design in the following places:
•
A Project field at the top of the Summary sheet allows you to add a description of the
design.
•
In the UltraScale and 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheets, an area of boxes to
the right of the Summary sheet allows you to add a description, details about the
design, or calculations related to the design. In this area you can add links, data tables,
graphics, or any other object you can enter in a regular Excel document.
•
In spreadsheets for pre-7 series devices, a Comment field at the bottom of the
Summary sheet allows you to add a description or short details about the design.
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•
If your data does not fit in the boxes on the Summary sheet, go to the User sheet.
There you can add links, data tables, graphics, or any other object you can enter in a
regular Excel document.
TIP: The Spartan-3, Spartan-3E, and Virtex-4 device spreadsheets have a slightly different layout for
this sheet. The description of the different user settings and data presented in this view is, however,
applicable to these spreadsheets.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-4
Figure 1-4:
Summary Sheet - Adjust Settings and Display Power Results
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Using the Settings Panel
Use the Settings panel to specify details of the device, board, cooling and ISE or Vivado
Design Suite settings. This panel varies slightly depending on the targeted device. A Kintex
UltraScale device example is presented in Figure 1-5.
Some settings are dependent on other settings. When this occurs the dependent cell
becomes un-editable and turns to a gray background.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-5
Figure 1-5:
Settings Panel
The sections in the Settings panel are:
•
Device
Select the smallest device which meets your requirements.
IMPORTANT: Larger devices exhibit higher device static power consumption.
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The 7 series spreadsheet has a Voltage ID Used entry, which applies to Virtex®-7, -1
Speed Grade, Commercial Temp Grade, and Maximum Process FPGAs only. If Voltage
ID Used is set to Yes, XPE will perform all of its power calculations based on the device
operating at the Voltage ID voltage. The Voltage ID (VID) voltage is the minimum
possible VCCINT voltage at which the Xilinx device can run and still meet its performance
specifications. This voltage is tested when the Xilinx device is manufactured and the
value is programmed into the DNA eFuse register on the Xilinx device. Activating the
VID feature in your design to operate the Xilinx device at this VID voltage can result in
a significant power savings over operating the Xilinx device at its nominal voltage.
•
Environment
For XPE to report the estimated junction temperature it needs to understand how the
device logic is configured and activated. It also needs a description of the device
environment. The information of how heat can be transferred into the surrounding air
(ΘSA) or PCB (ΘJB) affects the device junction temperature. If these parameters are
known enter them; otherwise, select from the different drop-down menus the
environment settings closest to your specific project. This will help to indirectly
determine Effective ΘJA.
IMPORTANT: XPE uses a thermal model to calculate the junction temperature. The XPE thermal model
assumes two main paths of heat flow through the top and bottom of the device into the board. The
thermal model uses environment settings entered for ambient temperature, airflow, heat sink, and
board selection in the effective thermal resistance and junction temperature calculations.
Because the junction temperature estimate in XPE is based on a board setup that might vary from your
actual board setup, it might not account for the effect of other heat sources on the actual board system,
such as other board components close to the Xilinx device. These variations can result in differences
between the XPE thermal estimate and a thermal measurement of the actual system.
For more details about the thermal parameters of the Xilinx Power Estimator, please
refer to Chapter 3: Thermal Management & Thermal Characterization Methods &
Conditions in the Device Package User Guide (UG112) [Ref 21].
•
Design optimization options available in Vivado and ISE Design Suite implementation
This section is labeled:
°
Implementation (7 series and UltraScale devices)
°
PL Implementation (Zynq-7000 AP SoC)
°
ISE (earlier device architectures)
Settings in this section are available to focus the synthesis and implementation tools on
minimizing towards different objectives. Adjust this area to best match the ISE or Vivado
Design Suite settings you plan on using. This option affects the core dynamic power by
an amount seen in a suite of customer designs.
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Optimization settings are:
°
Area Reduction - Minimizes slice usage
°
Balanced - Default ISE Design Suite options
°
Default - Default ISE or Vivado Design Suite options
°
Minimum Runtime
°
Power Optimization - Minimizes core dynamic power
°
Timing Performance
°
Powered Off (Zynq-7000 AP SoC only)
°
None (UltraScale/UltraScale+ devices only) - Turns off all power optimizations
TIP: In an UltraScale/UltraScale+ device spreadsheet, this section is labeled Implementation, and
only Power Optimization, Default and None settings are available. In a 7 series spreadsheet, this
section is labeled Implementation, and only Default and Power Optimization settings are available.
In a Zynq-7000 AP SoC spreadsheet, this section is labeled PL Implementation, and only Default,
Power Optimization, and Powered Off settings are available.
•
Power mode
This setting allows you to review the estimated power for the different active and power
down modes of the device. Power Mode is available for some device families.
Using the Power Distribution Panels
There are two separate aspects to evaluate when integrating Xilinx devices in a system.
Typically designers first evaluate the device current drawn on each voltage supply to ensure
all voltage sources can provide enough power for the device to function properly. Second,
designers need to know how much of that supplied power is consumed by the device itself
as opposed to power supplied to off-chip components such as board termination networks.
The power consumed on-chip, also referred to as thermal power, generates heat that must
be transferred to the environment to maintain the device junction temperature within the
normal operating range. Figure 1-6 shows the on-chip power contributing to junction
temperature (On-Chip Power panel) and the total supply power (Power Supply panel).
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X-Ref Target - Figure 1-6
Figure 1-6:
Power Distribution Panels
Using the On-Chip Power Panel
The On-Chip Power panel presents the total power consumed within the device. It includes
device static and user design dependent static and dynamic power. The total is broken out
by resource type. This view can help determine the amount of power being consumed and
dissipated by the device. It also helps identify potential areas in the user logic where
trade-offs or power optimization techniques could be used to meet the targeted power
budget.
In this view, you can click the resource name to directly jump to the detailed sheet for this
resource.
For design static power calculations, XPE starts by assuming a blank bitstream. To add your
design elements (for example, Logic, I/Os, BRAMs, Clock Managers) to the design static
power calculations, you must enter the resource utilization and configuration in the XPE
resource sheets applicable to the design. Any I/O termination should be set to match the
board and the design. For any clock managers, enter a small clock frequency to indicate
usage. Enter or leave clock frequency values 0 on other resource sheets.
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Using the Power Supply Panel
The Power Supply panel displays the device estimated power across the different supply
sources. For example, this information can be used to size or review voltage supply
components, such as regulators. The table includes all power required by the internal logic
along with power eventually sourced and consumed outside the Xilinx device, such as in
external board terminations. This view includes both static and dynamic power.
You can adjust individual voltages within the supported range and XPE will calculate and
display the total current required.
IMPORTANT: When Maximum Process is selected in the Device table and any power-on supply current
values exceed the estimated operating current requirements, the Power Supply panel displays the
minimum power-on supply requirements, in blue. If any of the current values appear in blue, the total
power indicated in the Power Supply panel will not match the Total On-Chip power in the Using the
Summary Panel.
Multiple power supplies are required to power a Xilinx device. For logic resources typically
available in Xilinx devices, Table 1-2 presents the voltage source that typically powers them.
This table is provided only as a guideline because these details might vary across Xilinx
device families.
Table 1-2:
FPGA Resources and the Power Supply that Typically Powers Them
Power Supply
VCCINT
VCCBRAM(3)
VCCO(2)
Resources Powered
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
All CLB resources
All routing resources
Entire clock tree, including all clock buffers
Block RAM/FIFO
DSP slices
All input buffers
Logic elements in the IOB (ILOGIC/OLOGIC)
ISERDES/OSERDES
PowerPC™ processor (1)
Tri-Mode Ethernet MAC (1)
Clock Managers (MMCM, PLL, DCM, etc.)(1)
PCIe and PCS portion of MGTs
•
•
•
•
All output buffers
Some input buffers
Input termination
Reference resistors to DCI
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Table 1-2:
FPGA Resources and the Power Supply that Typically Powers Them (Cont’d)
VCCAUX
VCCAUX_IO(4)
MGTAVCC
MGTAV TT
MGTVCCAUX
•
•
•
•
•
•
Clock Managers (MMCM, PLL, DCM, etc.)(1)
IODELAY/IDELAYCTRL
All output buffers
Differential Input buffers
V REF-based, single-ended I/O standards, for example, HSTL18_I
Phaser (1)
• Analog supply voltages for PMA circuits of transceivers
• Transceiver termination circuits
• Quad PLL
MGTYAVCC
MGTYAV TT
MGTYVCCAUX
VCCPINT
VCCPAUX
VCCPLL
VCCO_DDR
VCCO_MIO*
• Zynq-7000 AP SoC:
° Processor
° Memory
° I/O
° Peripherals
° AXI Interfaces
Notes:
1. These resources are available only in certain device families. Refer to the appropriate data sheets and user guides
for more information.
2. VCCO in bank 0 (VCCO_0 or VCCO_CONFIG) powers all I/Os in bank 0 as well as the configuration circuitry. See the
applicable Configuration User Guide.
3. Xilinx 7 series Block RAM/FIFO only.
4. Xilinx 7 series High Performance (HP) I/O banks only.
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Using the Summary Panel
The Summary panel presents in a concise format the main data of interest.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-7
Figure 1-7:
•
Summary Panel
Junction Temperature
Estimated junction temperature as the design operates. Each device operates within a
temperature grade specified in the data sheet. The background for this cell turns orange
when the value is outside the operating range (timing might be affected) and turns red
when outside the absolute maximum temperature (device damage possible). The
background color turns light blue when the value is set by user.
•
Total On-Chip Power
Includes power consumed and dissipated by the device across all supply sources. Also
referred to as thermal power. This cell follows the color scheme of the Junction
Temperature cell described above.
•
Thermal Margin
Temperature and power margin up to or in excess of the maximum accepted range for
this device Grade. Thermal margin is negative when estimated junction temperature
exceeds the maximum specified value. In this case, use this information to decide how
best to address the excess power consumed on-chip.
•
Effective ΘJA
The calculated Effective Thermal Resistance (Effective ΘJA) summarizes how heat is
transferred from the die to the environment. The value is calculated from the settings
entered in the Environment panel. If you have run thermal simulations of your
environment then you can also override this value (in the Environment panel).
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Using the XPE Toolbar
To make data entry into the tool easier, XPE supports importing data from different sources
and allows settings to be changed globally. The toolbar is shown in Figure 1-8.
Note: This toolbar is for the 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheet. Toolbar buttons for earlier
architecture spreadsheets might have different names.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-8
Figure 1-8:
XPE Toolbar (UltraScale/7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC)
Import File
Depending on what stage your design is in the device development cycle, use this dialog
box to import design information and activity into the spreadsheet. In the dialog box, select
the Files of type field to determine whether you will import an .xls or .xlsm, .mrp, or .xpe
file.
For a description of the import feature, see Importing Data into XPE.
Export File
The Export File button lets you export the following information from the current
spreadsheet:
•
The current settings for your design within XPE. These settings can be imported into an
XPower Analyzer session within the ISE Design Suite.
•
A text power report, which allows you to analyze the power information in the XPE
spreadsheet in a textual format.
For a description of the export feature, see Exporting XPE Results.
Quick Estimate
The Quick Estimate button opens the Quick Estimate wizard. This wizard is a simple
interface to allow novice and expert users to quickly enter the important parameters
required for an accurate power analysis of a design implemented in a Xilinx device.
For a description of the Quick Estimate wizard, see Using the Quick Estimate Wizard.
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Manage IP
The Manage IP button opens the IP Manager dialog box, allowing you to run IP Module
wizards to easily enter various types of external memory interfaces (e.g. DDR3, DDR3L,
LPDDR2, QDR+, RLDRAM), transceiver based interfaces (e.g. 10GBASE-R, Interlaken, PCIe,
Aurora, and CPRI), and block memory or distributed memory.
For a description of the IP_Manager wizard, see Using IP Module Wizards.
Snapshot
The Snapshot button takes a snapshot of the power status of the current design in the XPE
spreadsheet, and places this information on the Snapshot sheet. A snapshot captures the
device part, environmental information, the power consumed by your design, and the
current across each of the power supply sources used in the design.
For a description of Snapshot usage, see Using the Power Comparison Snapshots Sheet.
Set Default Rates
This button opens up a dialog box which lets you change the default frequency, toggle rates
or enable rates for the entire design or for specific sheets (see Figure 1-9).
In the dialog box, default values set by XPE are shown in brackets ([and]).
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-9
Figure 1-9:
Set Default Activity Rates Dialog Box
The fields in the dialog box are:
•
Toggle Rates
Each field changes activity of the related sheet only. Acceptable range: 0 to 100%.
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To learn more about toggle rates, refer to Toggle Rates.
•
Enable Rates
Each field changes activity of the related sheet only. Acceptable range: 0 to 100%.
•
All Clock Nets
The clock frequency entered here applies to CLOCK, LOGIC, IO, BRAM and DSP sheets.
•
Output Load
The equivalent capacitance seen by the output driver for the routing and components
connected to this board trace. This setting does not affect power calculations for inputs.
Reset to Defaults
The Reset to Defaults button resets all user settings to their default values, except for
values in the Device selection table on the Summary sheet, and deletes all user entered
values on the block details sheets (Clock, Logic, etc.).
Using XPE Wizards (7 Series, Zynq-7000 AP SoC, and
UltraScale Devices)
The XPE wizards, available in the 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC or UltraScale device XPE
spreadsheet, are simple interfaces to allow novice and expert users to quickly enter the
important parameters required for an accurate power analysis of a design implemented in
a Xilinx device.
There are two types of XPE Wizards:
•
Quick Estimate wizard - The Quick Estimate wizard populates the XPE sheets with
information about your entire design, allowing XPE to perform a rough power estimate
for the design. The Quick Estimate wizard is often used as the first step in specifying
your design in XPE to determine its power requirements.
•
IP Module wizards - The IP Module wizards extend XPE to allow you to easily populate
the XPE spreadsheet with information about:
°
Various types of external memory interfaces (for example, DDR3, DDR3L, LPDDR2,
QDR+, and RLDRAM).
°
Transceiver based interfaces (for example, 10GBASE-R, Interlaken, PCIe, Aurora, and
CPRI).
°
Block memory and distributed memory used in your design.
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Using the Quick Estimate Wizard
The Quick Estimate wizard populates the XPE sheets with information about your entire
design, allowing XPE to perform a rough power estimate for the design. The Quick Estimate
wizard is often used as the first step in specifying your design in XPE to determine its power
requirements.
After you run this rough estimate using the Quick Estimate wizard, you can view the data
the wizard entered, modify the spreadsheet entries the wizard created, and add entries of
your own to describe your design more completely.
If you run the Quick Estimate wizard a second time, you will replace all the spreadsheet
entries from the previous run with entries from the current run.
The following manuals will help you supply information to the Quick Estimate Wizard:
•
7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic Block User Guide (UG474) [Ref 5]
•
7 Series FPGAs Memory Resources User Guide (UG473) [Ref 6]
•
7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide (UG476) [Ref 7]
•
7 Series FPGAs GTP Transceivers User Guide (UG482) [Ref 8]
•
Zynq-7000 AP SoC and 7 Series Devices Memory Interface Solutions User Guide (UG586)
[Ref 9]
•
UltraScale Architecture Configurable Logic Block Advance Specification User Guide
(UG574) [Ref 10]
•
UltraScale Architecture Memory Resources Advance Specification User Guide (UG573)
[Ref 11]
•
UltraScale Architecture GTH Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG576)
[Ref 12]
•
UltraScale Architecture GTY Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG578)
[Ref 13]
The Quick Estimate wizard can be started from the Summary sheet by clicking the Quick
Estimate button.
1. In the Summary sheet Using the Settings Panel specify the target part, including the
Speed Grade and Temp Grade.
2. On the Summary sheet, click the Quick Estimate button.
3. In the XPE Quick Estimate dialog box, fill out the information in the dialog box for your
design.
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The entries available in the dialog box depend on the Xilinx device in which you will
implement your design.
4. When you have filled out the values for your design, click OK.
After a DRC (Design Rules Check) runs, the sheets in Xilinx Power Estimator spreadsheet
will be populated based on the values you entered, and XPE will estimate power for the
design you specified.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-10
Figure 1-10:
XPE Quick Estimate Dialog Box (Virtex-7 Devices)
The fields in the XPE Quick estimate dialog box are:
Conditions
This selection allows you to choose:
•
A Typical process and nominal voltages at the specified Ambient temperature.
OR
•
A Maximum process and maximum voltages, with the Junction temperature set for a
worst case power analysis at the specified temperature grade limit.
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Environment
Allows you to select the airflow environment under which your device will operate (Still Air,
250 LFM, or 250 LFM (w/Heatsink)).
Voltage
Allows you to specify whether XPE will calculate power assuming the device is operating
with all supplies at their Nominal or Maximum voltages.
Design Activity
•
Clock
Specify a single clock frequency, in MHz. The Clock frequency defaults to different
values for the different device families (Artix-7 (including Artix-7 Automotive), Kintex-7,
and Virtex-7), but you can set the Clock frequency to any value.
•
Toggle
Enter a single Toggle rate (in %). This toggle rate will apply to all the resources in the
Logic or to the BRAM.
•
Enable
Enter a single Enable rate (in %). The Enable rate will apply to the slice clock enable in
the Logic or to the BRAM enable.
Design Utilization
Enter the number of each resource (LUT, FF, BRAM, and DSP) you estimate your design will
use.
The % column shows the percentage of utilization for the resource in the specified device.
You can enter a number in the box provided or use the spin buttons (the up and down
arrowheads) to increase or decrease the utilization % by 5% each click.
If you try to enter a value greater than the total number of the resource in the device (for
example, you try to enter 10,000 LUTs for a device that only contains 9600 LUTs), the value
displayed will change to the total number of the resource in the device (in this example,
9600 LUTs) and the utilization % will be 100%.
Physical Interfaces
For the memory interface (Memory) you specify, enter the number of interfaces to add
(Number), a bit width (Width), and a data rate (Rate) in Mb/s.
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For the transceiver interfaces (GTP, GTX, etc.) you specify, enter the number of interfaces to
add (Number), a bit width (Width), and a data rate (Rate) in Gb/s.
For LVDS, specify the number of differential pairs (In and Out), and the I/O data rate in
Mb/s.
Using IP Module Wizards
The IP Module wizards extend XPE to allow you to easily enter various types of external
memory interfaces (for example, DDR3, DDR3L, LPDDR2, QDR+, RLDRAM), transceiver
based interfaces (for example, 10GBASE-R, Interlaken, PCIe, Aurora, and CPRI) and block
memory or distributed memory.
The IP Module wizards are:
•
Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Distributed Memory)
•
Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Block Memory)
•
Using the Memory Interface Configuration Wizard
•
Using the Transceiver Configuration Wizard
Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Distributed Memory)
In the UltraScale and 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheets, the Memory Generator
wizard allows you to enter distributed memory information in the Logic sheet. You can
access the Memory Generator Wizard by clicking the Manage IP button on the Summary
sheet or the IP Manager sheet, or the Add Memory button on the Logic sheet. The XPE
Memory Generator wizard provides a simplified method of populating the Logic sheet with
rows related to distributed memory.
To understand the capabilities of the 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC distributed memory and
the settings you will enter within XPE refer to the 7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic Block
User Guide (UG474) [Ref 5] and UltraScale™ Architecture Configurable Logic Block Advance
Specification User Guide[Ref 10].
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To generate the 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC Logic sheet using the XPE Memory Generator
Wizard:
1. Open the Memory Generator wizard by doing one of the following:
On the Logic Sheet, click the Add Memory button.
OR
On the IP Manager Sheet, click the Manage IP button.
a.In the IP Manager dialog box, select the Create IP tab.
b.In the dialog box IP Catalog, select Distributed Memory.
c.In the dialog box, click the Create button.
2. In the Distributed Memory tab of the XPE Memory Generator dialog box, fill out the
information in the dialog box for one distributed memory Memory Type in your design.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-11
Figure 1-11:
Distributed Memory Tab - XPE Memory Generator Dialog Box (Virtex-7 Devices)
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The fields in the Distributed Memory tab are:
°
Memory Type
Select the type of memory your design will use.
-
Single Port RAM
-
Simple Dual Port RAM
-
Single Port ROM
-
Dual Port ROM
For a description of these memory types, see the 7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic
Block User Guide (UG474) [Ref 5].
°
Clock
Enter the clock frequency at which the distributed memory will operate.
For dual-port memory types, XPE assumes the same clock frequency for both ports.
°
Toggle
Enter the average toggle rate of the data signals. A toggle rate of 50% means that
half of the data signals toggle each clock cycle.
°
Width
Enter the bit width for each word in the memory.
°
Depth
Enter the depth of the memory. Width × Depth is the total number of bits in the
memory.
°
Registered Inputs
Specify whether the memory inputs will be registered (Registered Inputs selected)
or not (Registered Inputs deselected).
For a description of input registering, see the 7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic Block
User Guide (UG474) [Ref 5].
°
Registered Outputs
Specify whether the memory outputs will be registered (Registered Outputs
selected) or not (Registered Outputs deselected).
For a description of output registering, see the 7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic
Block User Guide (UG474) [Ref 5].
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°
Module name
Allows you to assign a name to the generated distributed memory configuration.
This will help to distinguish multiple configurations in the XPE sheets.
3. When you have filled out the values for this distributed memory, click Create.
A row in the Logic sheet will be filled in with the information you entered in the dialog
box.
4. For each distributed memory type in your design, fill out the dialog box and click
Create.
Each time you click Create a row will be added to the Logic sheet.
5. When you have configured all of the distributed memory in your design, click Close to
close the XPE Memory Generator dialog box.
Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Block Memory)
In the UltraScale and 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheets, the Memory Generator
wizard allows you to enter block memory information in the spreadsheet. You can access
the Memory Generator Wizard by clicking the Manage IP button on the Summary sheet or
the IP Manager sheet, or the Add Memory button on the Block RAM sheet. The XPE
Memory Generator wizard provides a simplified method of filling in the Block RAM sheet in
XPE.
To understand the capabilities of the 7 series block memory and the settings you will enter
within XPE refer to the 7 Series FPGAs Memory Resources User Guide (UG473) [Ref 6] and
UltraScale Architecture Memory Resources Advance Specification User Guide[Ref 11].
To populate the 7 Series Block RAM sheet using the XPE Memory Generator Wizard:
1. Open the Memory Generator wizard by doing one of the following:
°
On the Block RAM sheet, click the Add Memory button.
OR
°
On the IP Manager Sheet:
a.Click the Manage IP button.
b.In the IP Manager dialog box, select the Create IP tab.
c.In the dialog box IP Catalog, select Block Memory.
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Chapter 1: Overview
d.In the dialog box, click the Create button.
2. In the Block Memory tab of the XPE Memory Generator dialog box, fill out the
information in the dialog box for one block memory Memory Type in your design.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-12
Figure 1-12:
Block Memory Tab - XPE Memory Generator Dialog Box (Virtex-7 Devices)
The fields in the Block Memory tab are:
°
Memory Type
Select the type of memory your design will use.
-
Single Port RAM
-
Simple Dual Port RAM
-
True Dual Port RAM
-
Single Port ROM
-
Dual Port ROM
For a description of these memory types, see the 7 Series FPGAs Memory Resources
User Guide (UG473) [Ref 6].
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°
Clock
Enter the clock frequency at which the block RAM will operate.
For dual-port memory types, XPE will assume the same clock frequency for both
Port A and Port B.
°
Algorithm
Specify which of these algorithms the Xilinx design tools will use to configure block
RAM primitives and connect them together:
-
Minimum Area
The memory is generated using the minimum number of block RAM primitives.
-
Low Power
The memory is generated such that the minimum number of block RAM
primitives are enabled during a Read or Write operation.
°
Toggle
Enter the average toggle rate of the data signals. A toggle rate of 50% means that
half of the data signals toggle each clock cycle.
°
Port A and Port B
If you have selected a single port Memory Type, you will enter information for Port
A only. If you have selected a dual port Memory Type, you will enter information for
both Port A and Port B.
-
Width
Enter the bit width for each word in the port.
-
Depth
Enter the depth of the port. Width × Depth is the total number of bits in the
memory.
-
Enable
Enter the percentage of time that the port will be enabled.
-
Mode
Select the operating mode for the block RAM: READ_FIRST, WRITE_FIRST, or
NO_CHANGE.
For a description of these modes, see the 7 Series FPGAs Memory Resources User
Guide (UG473) [Ref 6].
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°
Module name
Allows you to assign a name to the generated block memory configuration. This will
help to distinguish multiple configurations in the XPE worksheets.
3. When you have filled out the values for this block memory, click Create.
A row in the Block Ram sheet and a row in the Logic sheet will be filled in with the
information you entered in the dialog box.
4. For each block memory type in your design, fill out the dialog box and click Create.
Each time you click Create a row is added to the Block RAM sheet and the Logic sheet.
5. When you have configured all of the block memory in your design, click Close to close
the XPE Memory Generator dialog box.
Using the Memory Interface Configuration Wizard
For the 7 Series and UltraScale device XPE spreadsheets, you can enter information for the
I/Os involved in the interface between the Xilinx device and external memory by using the
Memory Interface Configuration wizard. The Memory Interface Configuration wizard
provides a simplified method of filling in the memory interface I/Os in the XPE spreadsheet.
When you configure a memory interface using the wizard, rows are added to the IP
Manager sheet, and to the I/O sheet for each output line (for example, Data, Address, and
Clock) from the Xilinx device that will be applied to the external memory. The wizard also
places rows on the Clock sheet, on the sheet for any clock manager (for example, PLL or
MMCM) that is part of the memory interface, and on the Logic sheet. Resources are added
representing typical utilization to implement the physical, controller, and user interface
layer.
IMPORTANT: The Memory Interface Configuration wizard does not support all memory interface
standards or all interface parameters for the supported standards. The wizard covers many of the
common Memory Interface Standards. For a specific standard there could be more pins associated than
configured by the wizard. In these cases you might need to modify the output of the wizard or enter the
extra pins manually in the I/O sheet for your specific case. Also, if a selection is not available for a
specific field, you might be able to manually override the selections in the field.
To understand the 7 series memory interfaces and the settings you will enter within XPE
refer to the Zynq-7000 AP SoC and 7 Series Devices Memory Interface Solutions User Guide
(UG586) [Ref 9].
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To add memory interface I/Os to the 7 series or UltraScale device I/O sheet using the
Memory Interface Configuration Wizard:
1. Open the Memory Interface Configuration wizard by doing one of the following:
°
On the I/O sheet, click the Add Memory Interface button.
OR
°
On the IP Manager Sheet:
a.Click the Manage IP button.
b.In the IP Manager dialog box, select the Create IP tab.
c.In the dialog box IP Catalog, select Memory Interface.
d.In the dialog box, click the Create button.
2. In the XPE Memory Interface Configuration dialog box, fill out the information in the
dialog box for one memory interface in your design.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-13
Figure 1-13:
XPE Memory Interface Configuration Dialog Box (Virtex-7 Devices)
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The following figure shows the dialog box for UltraScale devices.
X-Ref Target - Figure 1-14
Figure 1-14:
XPE Memory Interface Configuration Dialog Box (UltraScale Devices)
The fields in the XPE Memory Interface Configuration dialog box are:
°
Standard
The Memory Interface Configuration wizard supports these I/O Standards:
-
DDR2
-
DDR3
-
DDR3L
-
DDR4
-
QDR2+
-
RLDRAM2
-
RLDRAM3
-
LPDDR2
You can also manually enter a memory interface of any other standard in the XPE
spreadsheet.
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For a listing of the supported I/O standards and limits for your specific device, see
the appropriate data sheet:
°
-
Virtex-7 T and XT FPGAs Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics
(DS183) [Ref 14]
-
Kintex-7 FPGAs Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS182) [Ref 15]
-
Artix-7 FPGAs Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS181) [Ref 16]
-
Virtex UltraScale Architecture Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics
(DS893) [Ref 17]
-
Kintex UltraScale Architecture Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics
(DS892) [Ref 18]
Bank Type
Select the appropriate bank type, where the choice exists.
°
Mem Config (UltraScale devices only)
Select the appropriate memory configuration.
°
Termination (DQ/S)/Input Termination (DQ/S)
Refers to the DQ (data) and DQS (data strobe) pins. For memory interfaces using the
HP banks, use DCI termination as appropriate. For the HR banks, select INTERM_40,
INTERM_50, INTERM_60 or external termination (no entry).
°
Data Rate
Enter the target data rate for your memory device.
°
Address Width
The total number of address lines used in the interface, which includes Row, Col,
Bank, and, if used, Rank and CS lines.
°
Data Width
Values from 8-144 in increments of 8 are supported, with memory type and device
restrictions. Address, data, and control signals must be in the same I/O column so
the limit is often lower than 144. Stacked Silicon Interconnect (SSI) technology
devices are limited to a width of 72 due to this restriction.
°
Read/Write (%)
Specify the percentage of the time the memory interface is used for reading from
and writing to the external memory. The total must be less than or equal to 100%
and the interface is assumed to be idle for 100% - (Read% + Write%) of the time. This
is reflected in the Output Enable, Term Disable and IBUF Disable percentages.
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°
Number of Interfaces
Enter the number of memory interfaces that will use the settings that you are
currently entering in the dialog box. When the I/O sheet is populated with the
outputs to external memory, the number of pins for each type of line (for example,
Address, Data, and Clock lines) will reflect the number of Interfaces you specify.
°
Add typical link layer logic (Ultrascale devices only)
Enable this option to automatically populate the resources of the link layer logic for
a specific memory interface.
°
Module Name
Allows you to assign a name to the generated configuration. This will help to
distinguish multiple configurations on the I/O sheet.
3. When you have filled out the values for this memory interface, click Create.
Rows in the I/O sheet will be populated with the information you entered in the dialog
box.
4. For each memory interface in your design, fill out the information in the XPE Memory
Interface Configuration dialog box and click Create.
Each time you click Create rows will be added to the I/O sheet, and to the PHASER block
on the Other sheet for 7 series devices.
5. When you have configured all of the memory interfaces in your design, click Close to
close the XPE Memory Interface Configuration dialog box.
Using the Transceiver Configuration Wizard
For the 7 Series and UltraScale device XPE spreadsheets, you can enter transceiver
information in an MGT sheet (GTP, GTH, GTX, GTY, or GTZ) by using the Transceiver
Configuration wizard. The Transceiver Configuration wizard provides a simplified method
of filling in the MGT sheets in the XPE spreadsheet.
When you configure a transceiver interface using the wizard, rows will be added to the IP
Manager sheet and to the sheet for the transceiver that is part of the physical transceiver
interface. For some protocols the wizard also places rows on the Logic and clock sheets
representing typical resources utilized to implement the data interface layer.
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IMPORTANT: The Transceiver Configuration wizard does not support all transceiver protocols or all
transceiver parameters for the supported protocols. Any options not available in a dialog box field need
to be entered manually in the field. Any cases where a quad has transceivers using both CPLL and
QPLL, different transmit and receive rates, or different power modes, will also have to be entered
manually. The wizard covers many common protocols, but you might need to modify the output of the
wizard or enter the data manually in the MGT sheet for your specific case.
To understand the capabilities of the 7 series and UltraScale device MGTs and the settings
you will enter within XPE, refer to the 7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide
(UG476) [Ref 7], the 7 Series FPGAs GTP Transceivers User Guide (UG482) [Ref 8], UltraScale
Architecture GTH Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide(UG576) [Ref 12] and
UltraScale Architecture GTY Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG578)[Ref 13].
To populate the 7 Series MGT sheet using the XPE Transceiver Configuration Wizard:
1. Open the Transceiver Configuration wizard by doing one of the following:
°
On the applicable MGT sheet, click the Add GT Interface button.
OR
°
On the IP Manager Sheet:
a.Click the Manage IP button.
b.In the IP Manager dialog box, select the Create IP tab.
c.In the dialog box IP Catalog, select Transceiver Interface.
d.In the dialog box, click the Create button.
2. In the XPE Transceivers Configuration dialog box, fill out the information in the dialog
box for one set of transceivers in your design.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 1-15
Figure 1-15:
XPE Transceiver Configuration Dialog Box (Virtex-7 Devices)
The fields in the XPE Transceivers Configuration dialog box are:
°
Protocol
Allows you to select from a list of available protocols. Device, package, and speed
grade limitations will limit the choices available. In some cases the number of
Channels, Data Mode and Clock Source selections will default to values defined by
the Protocol. The GTP configuration will not have Power Mode or Clock Source
selections. The Data Rate and number of Channels will also be reflected in the PCIe
information (on a GTX, GTP, GTH, or GTY sheet) as appropriate. No clocks or fabric
are populated in their respective sheets.
°
Data Rate
After selecting the Protocol the Data Rate will either display as a fixed value
defined by the Protocol or allow you to enter the specific Data Rate used in your
system. Except for the rare cases where receive and transmit rates are different, both
RX and TX rates will match.
°
Channels
Some protocols (for example, PCIe) have specific restrictions for the number of
channels and others allow you to enter the number of channels used in your system.
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°
Operation Mode
By default the Transceiver configuration is used, but you can select Transmitter or
Receiver only operation.
°
Data Path and Data Mode
The width of the port can be configured to be two, four, or eight bytes wide. With
8b/10b encoding used the port widths can be 16, 32 or 64 bits. With 64b/66b
encoding used the port width must be 64 bits. In Raw mode the port widths can be
16, 20, 32, 40, 64, or 80 bits.
°
Power Mode
Where the choice exists (as defined by the target transceiver) you can choose to use
the power-efficient adaptive linear equalizer mode called the Low Power mode
(LPM) or the high-performance, adaptive decision feedback equalization (DFE)
mode.
For a description of these modes, see the RX Equalizer (DFE and LPM) section in the
7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide (UG476) [Ref 7].
°
Clock Source
Where the choice exists (as defined by the target device and data rate) you can
choose to use the LC tank (QPLL) or ring oscillator (CPLL) based PLL.
°
User Interface
The User Interface field is applicable only to the Aurora protocols (Aurora and
Aurora 64b/66b), and specifies the user interface configuration. Resources are
added based on the selected User Interface. For more information on the Aurora
user interfaces, see the LogiCORE™ IP Aurora 8B/10B Product Guide (PG046) [Ref 19]
(for the Aurora protocol) or the LogiCORE IP Aurora 64B/66B Product Guide (PG074)
[Ref 20] (for the Aurora 64b/66b protocol).
°
Module name
Allows you to assign a name to the generated configuration. This will help to
distinguish multiple configurations in the XPE worksheets.
3. When you have filled out the values for this set of transceivers, click Create.
A row in the MGT Sheet will be filled in with the information you entered in the dialog
box.
4. For each set of transceivers in your design, fill out the dialog box and click Create.
Each time you click Create a row will be added to the MGT sheet.
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5. When you have configured all of the transceivers in your design, click Close to close the
XPE Transceivers Configuration dialog box.
Summary
The ability to estimate power consumption in a design is imperative for efficient part
selection, board design, and system reliability. The Xilinx Power Estimator tool with its up to
date power models and ease of use features is meant to guide and simplify design
utilization entry. Although gathering FPGA and AP SoC utilization data might seem difficult
in the early design development phases, you can derive accurate power estimations with a
little thought and using XPE. XPE simplifies device selection and helps parallel development
of the Xilinx device logic and the Printed Circuit Board. Finally, XPE helps exploration of
alternative implementation and resource configuration when supply power or thermal
budgets are exceeded.
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Chapter 2
Specifying and Managing Clocks
Specifying Clocks
Important factors in dynamic power calculation are the activity and the load capacitance
that needs to be switched by each net in the design. Some of the factors in determining the
loading capacitance are fanout, wire length, and so forth. With clocks typically having
higher activity and fanouts, the power associated with clock nets can be significant and thus
is reported in a separate worksheet sheet (see Figure 2-1).
For the information needed to fill out the Clock Tree Power sheet, see the 7 Series FPGAs
Clocking Resources User Guide (UG472) [Ref 22] or the UltraScale Architecture Clocking
Resources Advance Specification User Guide (UG572) [Ref 23].
X-Ref Target - Figure 2-1
Figure 2-1:
•
Clock Tree Power Sheet (7 Series Devices)
Buffer Type Column
Xilinx devices have different types of buffers capable of driving the clock routing
structures and these types are modeled within XPE.
•
Clock Fanout Column
The number of synchronous elements driven by this clock.
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Chapter 2: Specifying and Managing Clocks
•
Clock Buffer Enable Column
Gates the clock net at its source. The value is the percentage of the time in which the
clock buffer is active. Reduce this percentage if you plan on disabling the clock net at
the source when this portion of the design is not used. This reduces power.
•
Slice Clock Enable Column
Gates the clock net at its loads. Reduce this percentage if you plan on disabling some of
the clock loads with slice level Clock Enable signals. This reduces power.
Note: Some algorithms in software such as “Intelligent Clock Gating” will remap or change the
packing to minimize this number.
Using the Clock Management Resource Sheets
(DCM, PMCD, PLL, MMCM, Clock Manager)
Xilinx device families have different clock generation and management capabilities. To
enter information in these sheets, first review the 7 Series FPGAs Clocking Resources User
Guide (UG472) [Ref 22] or the UltraScale Architecture Clocking Resources Advance
Specification User Guide (UG572) [Ref 23] to understand how to parameterize these
resources in XPE. Depending on the step in the project development cycle you might or
might not already know all the clocking details for your design. Enter what is known or can
be estimated first, then later you can always reopen and complete the spreadsheet as
design details become available.
The clock management resource sheets are presented in a different way in the XPE
spreadsheets that support the various FPGA and AP SoC architectures.
•
In the UltraScale and 7 Series/Zynq 7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheet, information for the
two clock managers, MMCM and PLL, is supplied on a single sheet, the Clock Manager
Power sheet. An MMCM or PLL column in the Clock Manager Power sheet lets you
specify whether you are supplying information for the MMCM or the PLL.
•
In spreadsheets for earlier devices (for example, the Virtex-5/Virtex-6 spreadsheet or
the Spartan-3A/Spartan-6 spreadsheet), there will be a different sheet for each clock
manager used. For example, separate DCM Power and PLL Power sheets may be
displayed in these earlier spreadsheets.
Figure 2-2 shows a sample clock management resource sheet (the Clock Manager Power
sheet).
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Chapter 2: Specifying and Managing Clocks
X-Ref Target - Figure 2-2
;
Figure 2-2:
Clock Manager Power Sheet (7 Series Devices)
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Chapter 3
Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets
Overview
The following sections provide details for entering data into or interpreting results in the
different available resource sheets. XPE only shows sheets available on the particular Xilinx
device family and device selected. These resource sheets are organized with a center table
where you enter utilization, configuration, and activity of the device resources you use.
Above this main table are tables representing the total utilization and a summary of the
resource’s contribution to the total power per voltage supply.
These sheets represent usage based power; therefore, they include all power related to the
utilization and configuration of the specified resource. The sheets do not include the
leakage power contribution, because this is accounted for on the Summary sheet.
RECOMMENDED: On sheets in which you specify a clock frequency for resources, XPE will assume that
all resources on a single row in the sheet (for example, 4000 Shift Registers and 3000 FFs in a single row
on the Logic sheet) are in the same clock domain. For an accurate power estimation, make sure to enter
resources in different clock domains on separate rows in the spreadsheet.
Using the Logic Sheet
The Logic sheet (see Figure 3-1) is used to estimate the power consumed in the CLB
resources. The estimated power accounts for both the logic components and the routing.
Two types of information should be entered:
•
Utilization – Enter the number of LUTs configured as Logic, Shift Registers and
LUT-based RAMs and ROMs. If your design or a previous generation has been
implemented within ISE or the Vivado Design Suite use the Import button in the
Summary sheet to automatically import this information. Otherwise, use your
experience to estimate utilization required to implement the desired functionality.
•
Activity – Enter the Clock domain this logic belongs to. Then enter the Toggle Rate
the logic is expected to switch and the Average Fanout.
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Chapter 3: Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets
TIP: The default setting for Toggle Rate (12.5%) and Average Fanout (3) are based on an average
extracted from a suite of customer designs. In the absence of a better estimate for your specific design,
Xilinx recommends using the default setting.
Note: The Signal Rate column defines the number of millions of transitions per second for the
considered element. This is a read-only column.
Signal Rate is computed in this way:
Signal Rate (Mtr/s) = Clock Frequency (Mhz) * Toggle rate (%)
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-1
Figure 3-1:
Effect of LUT Configuration, Toggle Rates, and Average Fanout on Power Estimation (7
Series Devices)
To enter information on the Logic sheet related to distributed memory, you can use the XPE
Memory Generator wizard, which appears when you click the Add Memory button on the
Logic sheet. The XPE Memory Generator wizard provides a simplified method of adding
memory-related rows to the Logic sheet. For information about using this wizard, see
Memory Generator Wizard and the Logic Sheet (Distributed Memory).
Memory Generator Wizard and the Logic Sheet (Distributed Memory)
For the 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheet, you can enter distributed memory
information in the Logic sheet by using the Memory Generator wizard. The Memory
Generator wizard provides a simplified method of populating the Logic sheet with rows
related to distributed memory, displayed as Distributed RAMs on the Logic sheet.
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Chapter 3: Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets
The Memory Generator wizard can be started from the Logic sheet by clicking the Add
Memory button.
For a description of the Memory Generator wizard and how you can run the wizard from the
Logic sheet, see Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Distributed Memory).
To understand the capabilities of the 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC distributed memory and
the settings you will enter within XPE refer to the 7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic Block
User Guide (UG474) [Ref 5] and UltraScale Architecture-Based FPGAs Memory Interface
Solutions [Ref 35].
Using the IP Manager Sheet (7 Series, Zynq-7000 AP
SoC, and UltraScale Devices)
The IP Manager sheet lets you create, view, and delete IP modules created using the IP
Module wizards. You can also export IP modules (to be imported into other XPE
spreadsheets), and import modules from other XPE spreadsheets into your currently active
spreadsheet.
Each IP module displayed in the IP Manager sheet represents the device resources used to
implement one of the following in a Xilinx device:
•
Block memory - Created using the Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Block
Memory).
•
Distributed memory - Created using the Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for
Distributed Memory).
•
Memory interface - Created using the Using the Memory Interface Configuration
Wizard.
•
Transceiver interface - Created using the Using the Transceiver Configuration Wizard.
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Chapter 3: Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-2
Figure 3-2:
IP Manager Sheet (7 Series Devices)
The IP Modules table indicates the power associated with each IP module created, as well
as the power associated with the resource sheets populated by the IP module. As shown in
the IP Modules table in Figure 3-2, IP modules might populate more than one resource
sheet. For example, a block memory IP module might place rows in both the Block RAM
sheet (BRAM column) and the Clock sheet (Clocking column).
In some cases, more than one resource will be included in a single column in the IP
Modules table. For example, the Clocking column might include the power associated with
clock nets as well as the power associated with clock managers such as the PLL and the
MMCM, and the Transceiver column might include the power associated with
Multi-Gigabit Transceivers (MGTs) as well as the power associated with a PCIe block.
Creating an IP Module From the IP Manager Sheet
For a description of how to create IP modules from the IP Manager sheet, see the following:
•
Block Memory - See Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Block Memory).
•
Distributed Memory - See Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Distributed
Memory).
•
Memory Interface - See Using the Memory Interface Configuration Wizard.
•
Transceiver Interface (7 Series only) - See Using the Transceiver Configuration Wizard.
Deleting an IP Module From the IP Manager Sheet
To delete an IP module from the IP Manager sheet:
1. Click the Manage IP button at the top of the IP Manager sheet.
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The XPE IP Manager dialog box opens.
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-3
Figure 3-3:
XPE IP Manager Dialog Box
In the Manage IP tab of the XPE IP Manager dialog box, select the IP module you want
to delete and click Delete.
All of the rows in the appropriate resource sheets are deleted, and the IP Module is
removed from the IP module table on the IP Manager sheet.
Exporting an IP Module From the IP Manager Sheet
An IP module can be exported from the currently active XPE spreadsheet, for importing into
another XPE spreadsheet. IP modules are exported as .xpe (XPE Exchange) files.
To export an IP module from the IP Manager sheet:
1. Click the Manage IP button at the top of the IP Manager sheet.
The XPE IP Manager dialog box opens (see Figure 3-3).
2. In the Manage IP tab of the XPE IP Manager dialog box, select the IP module you want
to export and click Export.
3. In the Export Xilinx Power Estimator IP Module dialog box, specify a File name for the
.xpe file representing the selected IP module. Then click Save.
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The selected IP module is exported to an .xpe (XPE Exchange) file. This file can be
imported into another XPE spreadsheet.
Importing an IP Module Into the IP Manager Sheet
An IP module can be imported into the IP Manager sheet. IP modules are imported as .xpe
(XPE Exchange) files. The imported .xpe file represents an IP module exported from another
XPE spreadsheet.
To import an IP module into the IP Manager sheet:
1. Click the Manage IP button at the top of the IP Manager sheet.
The XPE IP Manager dialog box opens (see Figure 3-3).
2. In the Manage IP tab of the XPE IP Manager dialog box, click Import.
3. In the Import Xilinx Power Estimator IP Module dialog box, specify the File name of the
.xpe file to be imported. Then click Save.
The selected .xpe file is imported into the IP Manager sheet.
Using an I/O Sheet
With higher switching speeds and capacitive loads, switching I/O power can be a
substantial part of the total power consumption of a Xilinx device. Because of this, it is
important to accurately define all I/O related parameters. In the I/O sheet XPE helps you
calculate the on-chip and, eventually, off-chip power for your I/O interfaces.
For 7 series and UltraScale devices, XPE provides a Memory Interface Configuration wizard
to allow you to quickly enter the important parameters required for an accurate power
estimate of the I/Os involved in the device’s interface to external memory. For step-by-step
instructions about how to use the wizard to fill out the memory interface information in the
I/O sheet, see Memory Interface Configuration Wizard and the I/O Sheet.
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Figure 3-4 shows the top section of the I/O sheet (for the UltraScale spreadsheet).
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-4
Figure 3-4:
I/O Sheet - Top Section (UltraScale Devices)
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-5
Figure 3-5:
I/O Sheet - Top Section (7 Series Devices)
Figure 3-4 and Figure 3-5 illustrates the three main types of information entered on the I/O
sheet: IO Settings, Activity, and, if needed, External Termination.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 3-6
;
Figure 3-6:
I/O Sheet - Effect of Output Enable Rate on Power Estimates for Inputs, Outputs, and
Bidirectional I/Os (7 Series Devices)
The following paragraphs provide more information on how to fill in each of these columns.
•
I/O Settings
°
I/O Standard
Specify here the expected I/O standard you will use for this interface. Configurations
which use the on-chip terminations are shown with a DCI suffix in this drop-down
menu. Differential I/O standards have a (pair) suffix. For calculations, XPE assumes
the standard VCCO level (for example, 3.3V) that is closest to the nominal listed in the
data sheet for that I/O standard.
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Note: For Spartan-6 devices, the open drain standards I2C and SMBUS can use a VCCO from
2.7V to 3.45V, with a 3.0V nominal voltage. In XPE these are calculated using a VCCO of 3.3V.
RECOMMENDED: To minimize power on output signals, always use the weakest driver settings that
meet your performance goals (lower the drive strength and slew rate).
TIP: In 7 series devices, using on-chip terminated standards is a good way to improve the signal
integrity of the waveforms seen by the receiver. Because the terminations are embedded inside the
Xilinx device, the termination power contributes to raising the device junction temperature. To
minimize this power, try using the tri-statable on-chip terminated standards (denoted T DCI) whenever
possible.
°
I/O Direction Columns
Enter the number of Input, Output and Bidir (bidirectional) signals for each I/O
interface.
RECOMMENDED: Because toggling activity of inputs and outputs is often very different, Xilinx
recommends you place each direction on a separate row.
TIP: Enter one pin for each differential I/O pair. For example, if your memory has four differential DQS
pairs, enter 4 on the Input Pins column.
°
I/O Performance Settings
These performance settings, such as I/O LOGIC SERDES or BITSLICE, are family
dependent. Enter the configuration in which you expect to program these I/Os.
IMPORTANT: Typically performance settings increase power consumption. Try enabling these settings
only if your I/O interface absolutely requires them.
°
On-Chip Termination
For Input Term, select the appropriate input termination for the selected I/O
standard. Select DIFF_TERM when using the on-chip differential termination, or
select UNTUNED_SPLIT_40, 50, or 60 Ω impedance when using the optional
on-chip termination in HP banks.
In the UltraScale device XPE spreadsheet, you can specify both input and output
terminations. For Input Term, select DIFF_TERM when using the on-chip differential
termination, or select DCI or uncalibrated termination impedance when using
on-chip input termination. For Output Term, select RDRV_40_40, RDRV_48_48 or
RDRV_60_60 when using on-chip output termination in HP banks. Set
Pre-Emphasis to Yes when using the transmitter pre-emphasis feature.
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•
Activity
Enter in the expected activity for each I/O interface in the following columns.
°
Clock (MHz)
Synchronous signals: Enter the frequency of the clock capturing or generating these
signals.
Asynchronous signals: Calculate the equivalent frequency of the signal. For example,
if you can determine the signal will toggle (change state) 2 million times per second
then enter 1 in this column (when converting signal rate to frequency you need 2
transitions to make a period: the transition from 0 to 1 and the transition from 1 to
0).
°
Toggle Rate
Synchronous elements: Enter how often compared to the clock this signal is
expected to change state. For example, if the data changes every 8 clock cycles on
average, enter 12.5% (1/8, converted to a percentage).
Asynchronous elements: As explained in the Clock (MHz) description above, enter
the equivalent frequency in the Clock (MHz) column and then enter 100% in this
column.
°
Data Rate
Synchronous elements: Enter DDR if the signal is sampled on both the positive and
negative edges of the clock. Enter SDR if the signal is sampled on only one edge of
the clock.
Note: For DDR I/Os, set the Data Rate to DDR, and set the Toggle Rate to 100% or lower. XPE
doubles the Toggle Rate for the DDR Data Rate and uses that value for power estimation.
Asynchronous elements and Clocks: Enter Async or Clock.
°
Output Enable
Input only signals: This column has no effect.
Output and bidirectional signals: Specify for a long period of time how much of this
time the output buffer is driving a value (compared to the time the driving buffer is
disabled or tri-stated.
TIP: As shown in Figure 3-6 (red frame) for line 1 and 2, setting Output Enable to 100% is a common
mistake which degrades the tool accuracy.
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°
Term Disable
Set DCI or IOB33 OCT to disabled (DCITERMDISABLE) when not in use in the fabric.
Enter the percentage of time the DCI or ICT termination is disabled.
°
IBUF Disable
Set HSTL/SSTL IBUF to low power idle (IBUFDISABLE) when not in use in the fabric.
Enter the percentage of time the IBUF is disabled.
•
Output Load
Enter the power factor for the board and other external capacitance driven by the
outputs in the module.
•
External Termination
When not using the available on-chip termination you can use XPE to calculate the
power supplied by the Xilinx device to off-chip components such as external board
termination resistor networks.
Multiple termination types are supported for I/Os configured as outputs. External input
terminations are not supported, because calculations often require details of the driver
side but these details are not available to XPE.
Note: Select the Show External Board Termination Settings check box to display these
columns and a graphic below the table. The graphic shows the supported Output Termination
Topologies, so you can easily understand which column to fill depending on the topology you
want to build.
°
Term. Type
Select the appropriate topology from this drop-down menu.
°
R/RDIFF and RS
Some termination schemes require two resistor values while others require only a
single value. Refer to the termination graphic then enter the resistor value on the
appropriate column. Figure 3-7 shows the supported I/O termination topologies in
this release.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 3-7
Figure 3-7:
External I/O Termination Topologies (Virtex-6 and 7 Series Devices)
Memory Interface Configuration Wizard and the I/O Sheet
For the 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE and UltraScale device XPE spreadsheets, you can
enter information for the I/Os involved in the interface between the Xilinx device and
external memory by using the Memory Interface Configuration wizard. The Memory
Interface Configuration wizard provides a simplified method of filling in the memory
interface I/Os in the XPE spreadsheet.
When you configure a memory interface using the wizard, rows will be added to the I/O
sheet for each output line (for example, Data, Address, and Clock) from the Xilinx device
that will be applied to the external memory.
The Memory Interface Configuration wizard can be started from the I/O sheet by clicking
the Add Memory Interface button.
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For a description of the Memory Interface Configuration wizard and how you can run the
wizard from the I/O sheet, see Using the Memory Interface Configuration Wizard.
To understand the 7 series memory interfaces and the settings you will enter within XPE
refer to the Zynq-7000 AP SoC and 7 Series Devices Memory Interface Solutions User Guide
(UG586) [Ref 9].
Using the Block RAM (BRAM) Sheet
Xilinx devices have dedicated block RAM resources. To accurately set Block RAM parameters
in XPE, a good understanding of device resources and configuration possibilities is
recommended. If implementation details for the block RAM are known, follow the
guidelines described in Setting BRAM Mode for Improved Accuracy. Otherwise, refer to
Preliminary BRAM Estimates.
Note: Distributed RAM/ROM and SRL usage should be specified in the Using an I/O Sheet.
To enter information on the Block RAM sheet, you can use the XPE Memory Generator
wizard, which appears when you click the Add Memory button on the Block RAM sheet.
The XPE Memory Generator wizard provides a simplified method of adding rows to the
Block RAM sheet. For information about using this wizard, see Memory Generator Wizard
and the Block RAM Sheet (Block Memory).
Following are details about columns in the Block RAM sheet:
•
Enable Rate column
Use the Enable Rate to specify the percentage of time each of the block RAM ports are
enabled for reading and/or writing. To save power, the RAM enable can be driven Low
on clock cycles when the block RAM is not used in the design. BRAM Enable Rate,
together with Clock rate, are important parameters that must be considered for power
optimization.
•
Write Rate column
The Write Rate represents the percentage of time that each block RAM port performs
write operations. The read rate is understood to be 100% – write rate.
•
Signal Rate column
Defines the number of millions of transitions per second for the considered BRAM
output port. This is a read-only column which takes into account port enable rates and
a weighted average of the port widths.
Figure 3-8 illustrates the effect of block RAM configuration modes and bit widths on power
estimates.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 3-8
;
Figure 3-8:
Block RAM Sheet - Effect of Block RAM Configuration Modes and Bit Widths on Power
Estimates (7 Series Devices)
Preliminary BRAM Estimates
If the exact block RAM types and modes to be used in the design are unknown, the best
approach is to determine how many kilobytes of memory are needed in the design and use
the appropriate number of basic 18k True dual-port RAMs. If the data width of memory
access is known, select this from the drop-down menu for each port. Depth and width are
the two most important characteristics of a memory.
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Setting BRAM Mode for Improved Accuracy
If the breakdown of the memory usage of your design is known, the XPE spreadsheet allows
you to specify which block RAM modes are being used. The Mode column has selectable
values from a drop-down menu that lists the different primitive names and modes of the
block RAM. Depending on the target family, this includes:
•
BRAM - Simple dual-port or True dual-port Block RAM.
•
FIFO - Dedicated built-in FIFO.
•
CASC (pair) (7 series only) - Cascaded block RAM blocks (built from two RAM blocks).
•
ECC - When the block RAM is configured in ECC mode.
In True dual-port mode the following data write mode options are available:
•
WRITE_FIRST – The port will first write to the location and then read out the newly
written data.
•
READ_FIRST – The old data is first read out and then the new data is written in. This
mode effectively allows 4 operations per clock cycle (saving power or resource
utilization), because the old data can be read out and replaced with new data on the
same clock cycle of each port. However, note that READ_FIRST is only more power
efficient if the data in the memory is used the same time as writing out new data, and
does not force separate read and write operations to get the data. If that is not the
case, READ_FIRST is generally less efficient in power than NO_CHANGE in TDP mode. If
the functionality of READ_FIRST is not needed, the BRAM should be configured as
WRITE_FIRST or NO_CHANGE to save power.
•
NO_CHANGE – When a Write happens the block RAM outputs remain unchanged.
In Simple dual-port mode the following data write mode options are available:
•
WRITE_FIRST – The port will first write to the location and then read out the newly
written data.
•
READ_FIRST – The old data is first read out and then the new data is written in. This
mode effectively allows 2 operations per clock cycle (saving power or resource
utilization), because the old data can be read out and replaced with new data on the
same clock cycle of each port. However, note that READ_FIRST is only more power
efficient if the data in the memory is used the same time as writing out new data, and
does not force separate read and write operations to get the data. If that is not the
case, READ_FIRST is generally less efficient in power than WRITE_FIRST in SDP mode. If
the functionality of READ_FIRST is not needed, the BRAM should be configured as
WRITE_FIRST to save power.
•
NO_CHANGE – Not available in the SDP mode because it is identical in behavior to
WRITE_FIRST mode.
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Cascade BRAM Support for UltraScale Devices
In the UltraScale XPE spreadsheet, the BRAM sheet has additional column named Cascade
Group Size. For cascaded BRAMs, this column shows how many BRAMs are cascaded
together in each group. This number and the total number of BRAMs in the modules are
used to determine the number of active BRAMs at a given time.
For example, if the module has a total of 20 BRAMs and the Cascade Group Size is 4, the tool
calculates 20/4=5 groups each with 4 BRAMs cascaded together. If none of the BRAMs are
cascaded, leave this column empty or set to 0.
UltraRAM support for UltraScale+ Devices
The UltraRAM (URAM) is a high density FPGA 288Kb memory building block. URAMs coexist
with BRAMs in Ultrascale+ devices. The 288 Kb blocks are cascadable to enable deeper
memory implementation. The URAMs may exist with very little or no fabric resources and
with no timing penalty, if pipe lined appropriately.
Both of the ports share the same clock and can address all of the 4K x 72 bits. Each port can
independently read from or write to the memory array. UltraRAM supports two types of
write enable schemes. The first mode is consistent with the block RAM byte write enable
mode. The second mode allows gating the data and parity byte writes separately. Multiple
UltraRAM blocks can be cascaded together to create larger memory arrays. UltraRAM
blocks can be connected together to create larger memory arrays. Dedicated routing in the
UltraRAM column enables the entire column height to be connected together. This makes
UltraRAM an ideal solution for replacing external memories such as SRAM.
In the URAM Sheet, enter the number and configurations of the UltraRAM (URAM) intended
to be used for the design.
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-9
Figure 3-9:
UltraRam Power Sheet
Name: Enter the name of the clock domain containing the URAM.
URAMs: The Number of UltraRams in this module.
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Mode: Select the required URAM configuration mode. The available configurable modes
are as follows:
•
URAM288
•
URAM288_with_IREG_PRE
•
URAM288_with_OREG_ECC
•
URAM288_with_IREG_PRE_OREG_ECC
•
URAM288_with_ECC
•
URAM288_with_ECC_and IREG_PRE
•
URAM288_with_ECC_and OREG_ECC
•
URAM288_with_ECC_IREG_PRE_and_OREG_ECC
Sleep Rate: Enter the average time per URAM (as percentage) to assert a sleep pin.
Deep Sleep Rate: Enter the average time per URAM (as percentage) to assert a DEEPSLEEP
pin.
Shutdown Rate: Enter the average time per URAM (as percentage) to assert a SHUTDOWN
pin.
Note: The sum of Read Rate, Write Rate, Sleep Rate, Deep Sleep Rate and Shutdown Rate shoule be
less than or equal to 100%.
Average Inactive Cycles: Enter the average number of consecutive inactive cycles that are
expected in sleep modes.
Memory Generator Wizard and the Block RAM Sheet (Block
Memory)
For the UltraScale and 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheets, you can enter block
memory information in the Block RAM sheet by using the Memory Generator wizard. The
Memory Generator wizard provides a simplified method of populating the Block RAM sheet
with rows related to block memory, displayed as BRAMs on the Block RAM sheet.
The Memory Generator wizard can be started from the Block RAM sheet by clicking the Add
Memory button.
For a description of the Memory Generator wizard and how you can run the wizard from the
Block RAM sheet, see Using the Memory Generator Wizard (for Block Memory).
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To understand the capabilities of the 7 series block memory and the settings you will enter
within XPE refer to the 7 Series FPGAs Memory Resources User Guide (UG473) [Ref 6].
Using the DSP Sheet (MULT, DSP48)
Xilinx device families have different Digital Signal Processing (DSP) blocks with different
capabilities. To enter information in these sheets first review the 7 Series DSP48E1 Slice User
Guide (UG479) [Ref 25] or the UltraScale Architecture DSP Slice Advance Specification User
Guide (UG579) [Ref 26] to understand the parameters in the DSP sheet.
TIP: For random input data, a good Toggle Rate approximation for DSP operations is 50%.
TIP: DSP slices have clock enable (CE) ports. When entering data in the Toggle Rate column remember
to multiply your data input toggle rate with the DSP slice clock enable rate. For example, if random
data (typically ~38% data toggle rate) is input into the DSP slice and the slice is clock enabled only
50% of the time, then the output data toggle rate should be scaled by the CE rate such that the data
toggle rate becomes 19% (38% x 50%). see Figure 3-10 for a Virtex-7 example.
TIP: For families that have a register within the multiplier (MREG), using this pipeline register helps
lower dynamic power.
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-10
Figure 3-10:
DSP48E1 Power Sheet (7 Series Devices) - Effect of Clock, Toggle Rate, and MREG on Power
Estimates
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Using the Transceiver Sheets (MGT, GT, GTP, GTX,
GTH, GTY, GTZ)
Different Xilinx device families have Multi-Gigabit Transceivers (MGT), which are very high
performance serial I/Os. Transceivers typically use separate voltage supplies for the PCS,
PMA and termination.
To understand the capabilities of the 7 series GTs and the settings within XPE refer to the 7
Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide (UG476) [Ref 7] and the 7 Series FPGAs GTP
Transceivers User Guide (UG482) [Ref 8].
To understand the capabilities of the UltraScale device GTs and the settings within XPE refer
to the UltraScale Architecture GTH Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG576)
[Ref 12] and the UltraScale Architecture GTY Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide
(UG578) [Ref 13].
IMPORTANT: In the 7 series/Zynq 7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheets, PCI Express (PCIe) information is
specified on a GTX, GTP, GTH, or GTZ sheet. In the UltraScale XPE spreadsheet, all of the Hard IP Blocks
(PCIe - GEN1, GEN2 & GEN3) and 100G Ethernet (CMAC & ILKN) are specified on the GTH or GTY
sheets. Spreadsheets for earlier Xilinx devices have a separate PCIe sheet.
To simplify data entry, drop-down menus are provided with parameter preferred or required
values. Figure 3-11 shows an example Kintex-7 XC7K325T design. The tables in the sheet
header report design power and currents. Device leakage for each supply is reported on the
Summary sheet.
For 7 series devices, XPE provides a Transceiver Interface Configuration wizard to allow you
to quickly enter the important parameters required for an accurate transceiver power
estimate. For step-by-step instructions about how to use the wizard to fill out the MGT
sheets, see Using the Transceiver Configuration Wizard.
XPE calculates power for each channel including the power of all associated circuits, shared
resources between channels, I/O buffers, reference clock circuitry, and so forth. You
therefore do not have to enter resource usage on any other sheet (for example, Clock or
I/O) to describe the transceiver resources used.
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XPE presents the MGT information in an architecture-specific way. Entering 2 or any
multiple of 2 channels for a GTP/GTX_DUAL entry assumes that those channels use the
minimum number of DUALs. Similarly, for GTHE1 and GTXE2 4 channels share common
circuitry, so XPE assumes each line uses the minimum number of quads. To use 2 channels
from one quad and 2 from another, specify them on two rows in XPE.
devices, you can specify a GTPA1_DUAL with different settings for each channel by
entering each channel on a separate row using the same base name suffixed with _0 and _1 (for
example, GTP_0 and GTP_1). A red border around the cells of two adjacent rows indicates the two
GTPA1s are inferred to be in the same GTPA1_DUAL.
TIP: For Spartan-6
The Power Planes field in the MGT sheet represents the number of power planes used in
the design. MGT transceivers require multiple analog power supplies for the PMA (Physical
Medium Attachment). The number of power planes varies by device and package. When not
all available MGTs are used, it might be possible to ground unused power planes to reduce
the static power.
In the UltraScale and 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC XPE spreadsheets, the GTX, GTP, GTH, and
GTY sheets have an OOB Used column. The OOB feature uses out-of band (OOB) signaling
for PCIe and other protocols where the physical connection may be unplugged during
operation. OOB is supported using high-speed amplitude detection on the inputs and
squelch on the corresponding outputs. A Yes in the OOB Used column indicates that your
design will use this feature.
TIP: For a description of the Eye Scan feature, which you can set to On or Off in the GTX, GTH, and GTY
MGT sheets, see the 7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide (UG476) [Ref 7], the UltraScale
Architecture GTH Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG576) [Ref 12], or the UltraScale
Architecture GTY Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG578) [Ref 13].
TIP: In the 7 Series GTX sheet, you can set the Power Mode for GTX transceivers to Low Power or DFE.
For a description of the low-power mode (LPM) and the decision feedback equalization (DFE) mode, see
the RX Equalizer (DFE and LPM) section in the 7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide
(UG476) [Ref 7].
XPE does not support all of the possible MGT configurations. See the specific Transceiver
User Guide for more information.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 3-11
;
Figure 3-11:
GT Power Sheet (Kintex-7 Devices) Illustrating Data Rate and Power Estimates
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Clock Source for Quad-based PLL
For UltraScale devices, there are two Quad based Phase Locked Loops (QPLL0 and QPLL1)
for jitter performance or Channel based ring oscillator Phase Locked Loop (CPLL). You can
select QPLL0 that runs at 16GHz with an output divider of 2 as a clock source which is more
conservative. For example: 16.375Gbps/2 =8.1875 Gbps. You can also select QPLL1 running
at 8Ghz. For example, 8.1875 Gbps.
Hard IP Block Support for UltraScale Devices
The Hard IP Block setting allows you to calculate the power associated with the following
UltraScale device integrated IP blocks:
•
PCIe - The integrated PCI Express core is a reliable, high-bandwidth, scalable serial
interconnect. Select PCIe when using hard GEN1, GEN2 or GEN3 PCIe interface with
GTs. Select PCIe_500 when using hard GEN3 PCIe interface operating with an optional
500MHz core clock frequency.
•
100G Ethernet - The integrated block for 100 Gb/s Ethernet (100G MAC) provides a
high performance, low latency 100 Gb/s Ethernet port that allows for a wide range of
user customization and statistics gathering. If your design uses the integrated block for
100 Gb/s Ethernet, select CMAC. Select CMAC-Low when you use low data toggle rate
or CMAC-High for worse case data toggle rate. For detailed information on this IP
block, see the UltraScale Architecture Integrated Block for 100G Ethernet LogiCORE IP
Product Guide (PG165) [Ref 27].
•
Interlaken - The integrated block for Interlaken is a scalable chip-to-chip interconnect
protocol designed to enable the following:
°
°
The lane logic only mode allows each serial transceiver to be used to build a fully
featured Interlaken interface. In devices with 48 serial transceivers, up to 600 Gb/s
of total throughput can be sustained.
The protocol logic supported in each integrated IP core scales up to 150 Gb/s.
If your design uses the integrated block for Interlaken, select ILKN. Select ILKN-Low
when you use low Tx data toggle rate or ILKN-High for worse case data toggle rate.For
detailed information on this IP block, see the UltraScale Architecture Integrated IP Core
for Interlaken LogiCORE IP Product Guide (PG169) [Ref 28].
These IP blocks are designed to be combined with GTH or GTY transceivers to implement an
integrated solution. You can use the Transceiver Configuration wizard to combine the
appropriate GTH or GTY transceiver configuration with an integrated hard IP block.
To open the Transceiver Configuration wizard, click the Add GTH Interface button at the
top of the GTH sheet.
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Chapter 3: Using Xilinx Power Estimator Sheets
Or click the Add GTY Interface button at the top of the GTY sheet.
For a description of the entries in the Transceiver Configuration wizard, see Using the
Transceiver Configuration Wizard.
Figure 3-12 shows the Hard IP Block setting in the UltraScale device XPE spreadsheet, the
transceiver power used by the Hard IP, and the utilization percentage for each type of Hard
IP.
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-12
Figure 3-12:
Hard IP Settings for UltraScale Devices
Transceiver Wizard and the MGT Sheet
For the 7 Series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC and UltraScale device XPE spreadsheets, you can enter
transceiver information in a GT sheet (GTP, GTH, GTY, GTX, or GTZ) by using the Transceiver
Configuration wizard. The Transceiver Configuration wizard provides a simplified method
of filling in the GT sheets in the XPE spreadsheet.
The Transceiver Configuration wizard can be started from a GT sheet by clicking the Add GT
Interface button (sample shown below).
For a description of the Memory Generator wizard and how you can run the wizard from the
GT sheet, see Using the Transceiver Configuration Wizard.
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To understand the capabilities of the 7 series GTs and the settings you will enter within XPE
refer to the 7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide (UG476) [Ref 7] and the 7 Series
FPGAs GTP Transceivers User Guide (UG482) [Ref 8].
To understand the capabilities of the UltraScale device GTs and the settings you will enter
within XPE refer to the UltraScale Architecture GTH Transceivers Advance Specification User
Guide (UG576) [Ref 12] and the UltraScale Architecture GTY Transceivers Advance
Specification User Guide (UG578) [Ref 13].
GT Power Up / Power Down Sequencing
When your design has been programmed into the Xilinx device, the recommended GT
transceiver power-on sequence to achieve minimum current draw is specified in the Data
Sheet: DC and Switching Characteristics for the applicable device. The recommended
power-off sequence is the reverse of the power-on sequence to achieve minimum current
draw.
If the recommended sequences are not followed, current drawn can be higher than
specifications during power-up and power-down. XPE calculates GT power assuming the
recommended power-up, power-down sequence is used by the design, and the power
numbers reflect this.
To calculate the extra power as a result of not following the recommended power up/down
sequence, consult the Xilinx Answer Records.
Using the TEMAC Sheet
Different Xilinx device families contain Tri-Mode Embedded Ethernet Media Access
Controller (MAC) blocks, which are used in Ethernet applications. The Ethernet MACs are
paired within a TEMAC block, share a common host and DCR interface, but are
independently configurable to meet all common Ethernet system connectivity needs. Refer
to the applicable EMAC User Guide for a detailed description of the block capabilities and
configuration.
In XPE, you need only enter the TEMAC operating clock frequency (See Figure 3-13). You
typically need to know the mode and operating speed to obtain the correct clock frequency.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 3-13
Figure 3-13:
TEMAC Power Sheet (Virtex-6 Devices)
Using the PCIe Sheet
Different Xilinx device families have Integrated Endpoint Block for PCI Express designs
(integrated Endpoint block). For detailed PCIe information, refer to the applicable PCIe User
Guide and enter in XPE the settings which correspond to your application.
Note: The 7 series/Zynq-7000 AP SoC and UltraScale device XPE spreadsheets do not have a PCI
Express sheet. For these devices, PCIe information is specified on the Multi-Gigabit Transceiver
sheets. See Using the Transceiver Sheets (MGT, GT, GTP, GTX, GTH, GTY, GTZ).
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-14
Figure 3-14:
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Using PPC440 (PowerPC) Sheets
Some Xilinx device families contain high-performance PowerPC microprocessor embedded
blocks.
For power estimation, these blocks are represented in a separate sheet within XPE. Details
for each PowerPC setting are available in the applicable device User Guide. Typically, you
can provide the processor main clock frequency along with details of the processor local
bus, memory, and eventual DMA controllers. Figure 3-15 presents an example with a
Virtex-5 device.
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-15
Figure 3-15:
PPC440 Power Sheet (Virtex-5 Devices)
Using the PS Sheet (Zynq-7000 AP SoC Only)
The PS sheet allows you to estimate power for the Processor System (PS) in a Zynq-7000 AP
SoC.
The PS has between two and five voltage sources depending on the exact configuration.
The VCCO_DDR voltage is dependent on the memory interface selected and the VCCO_MIO0
and VCCO_MIO1 voltages are dependent on the I/O interfaces and standards used in the
respective banks.
The PS in the Zynq-7000 AP SoC is described in the Zynq-7000 All Programmable SoC
Technical Reference Manual (UG585) [Ref 29].
•
Processor
The processor used in the PS is a dual core Cortex™-A9 processor. The number of A9
Cores used and their clock frequency (Clock (MHz)) are required information. Processor
Load of 50% is for average usage and can be adjusted up or down as needed to reflect
the processor loading in a specific design.
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•
PLLs
There are three PLLs in the PS that must be set to the correct frequency (MHz) when
used. By default the Processor and Memory PLLs run at twice their associated clock
frequency.
•
Memory Interface
DDR2, DDR3, DDR3L, and LPDDR2 memory interfaces (Memory Type) are supported in
either 16 or 32 bit Data Width. The clock frequency (Clock (MHz)) is half the data rate,
because these are all DDR interfaces. The Read Rate and Write Rate represent the
usage and can be set to any values that together are less than or equal to 100%.
The Data Toggle Rate is the average for the data lines with 50% being random data. The
Output Load is the board capacitance and the external termination (External Term) is
the far end parallel termination used for the data lines.
•
I/O Interfaces
The PS supports a variety of standard interfaces (I/O Standard) and some general
purpose I/O. There are two I/O banks and all interfaces on a bank must use the same
voltage. Available I/O Interfaces, I/O Standards, Number of Interfaces, and I/O Bank
placement are represented in the XPE tool.
•
AXI Interfaces
The PS side of the AXI interfaces are based on the AXI 3 interface specification. Each
interface consists of multiple AXI channels. There are nine AXI interfaces for PS-PL
interfacing.
°
AXI_ACP - One cache coherent master port for the PL.
°
AXI_HP - Four high performance/bandwidth master ports for the PL.
°
AXI_GP - Four general purpose ports (two master ports and two slave ports).
Using the PS Sheet (Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC Only)
The Zynq® UltraScale+™ MPSoC family is based on the Xilinx® UltraScale™ MPSoC
architecture. This family of products integrates a feature-rich 64-bit quad-core ARM®
Cortex™-A53 and dual-core ARM Cortex-R5 based processing system (PS) and Xilinx
programmable logic (PL) UltraScale architecture in a single device. The ARM Cortex-A53
and Cortex-R5 CPUs are the heart of the PS and also include on-chip memory, external
memory interfaces, and a rich set of peripheral connectivity interfaces.
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X-Ref Target - Figure 3-16
Figure 3-16:
PS Power Sheet (Zynq-7000 AP SoC)
Using Other Sheets (7 Series, Zynq-7000 AP SoC,
and UltraScale Devices)
The Other sheet allows you to calculate the power associated with these device features:
•
XADC - (7 Series and Zynq-7000 AP SoC only) The XADC (Xilinx Analog-to-Digital
Converter) is the basic building block that enables agile mixed signal functionality in
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Xilinx 7 series devices. The XADC includes a dual 12-bit, 1 Mega sample per second
(MSPS) ADC and on-chip sensors.
In the 7 series or Zynq-7000 AP SoC, the XADC can be powered down if unused, to save
power. In the XADC table, set Powered Down to Yes if the XADC will be powered down
by setting the power down bits in the device’s configuration register or by
disconnecting the VCCADC supply. Set Powered Down to No if the XADC will not be
powered down.
XADC Clock (MHz) specifies the frequency of the DRP clock if your design uses the
XADC. Leave this blank if your design does not instantiate the XADC or the XADC is
powered down.
The XADC is described in the 7 Series FPGAs and Zynq-7000 All Programmable SoC
XADC Dual 12-Bit 1MSPS Analog-to-Digital Converter User Guide (UG480) [Ref 30].
•
SYSMON - (UltraScale devices only) The System Monitor (SYSMON) monitors the
UltraScale device physical environment using on-chip temperature and supply sensors,
external analog inputs, and an integrated analog to digital converter (ADC).
In the UltraScale device, the SYSMON can be powered down if unused, to save power. In
the SYSMON table, set Powered Down to Yes if the SYSMON will be powered down by
setting the power down bits in the device configuration register or by disconnecting the
VCCADC supply. Set Powered Down to No if the SYSMON will not be powered down.
Clock (MHz) specifies the frequency of the DRP clock if your design uses the SYSMON.
Leave this blank if your design does not instantiate the SYSMON or the SYSMON is
powered down.
The SYSMON is described in the UltraScale Architecture System Monitor Advance
Specification User Guide (UG580) [Ref 31].
•
Config - The Config (Configuration) table allows you to specify these device
configuration features:
°
Readback CRC Clock (MHz) - Xilinx 7 series and UltraScale devices include a
feature to do continuous readback of configuration data in the background of a
user design. This feature is aimed at simplifying detection of Single Event Upsets
(SEUs) that cause a configuration memory bit to flip and can be used in conjunction
with the FRAME ECC feature for advanced operations such as SEU corrections. In the
Config table, enter the ReadBack CRC Clock frequency to include this feature in
the XPE power estimate. Leave this blank if your design does not use the Readback
CRC feature.
Readback CRC is described in the 7 Series FPGAs Configuration User Guide (UG470)
[Ref 32] or the UltraScale Architecture Configuration Advance Specification User
Guide (UG570) [Ref 33].
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°
Config Bank Voltage - Specifies the setting of the Configuration Bank Voltage
Select (CFGBVS), which determines the I/O voltage operating range and voltage
tolerance for the configuration-related I/O banks in the device.
Configuration bank voltage is described in the 7 Series FPGAs Configuration User
Guide (UG470) [Ref 32] or the UltraScale Architecture Configuration Advance
Specification User Guide (UG570) [Ref 33].
•
PHASER - Phaser blocks are available in 7 Series devices to simplify the interface with
high-speed memory devices. For power estimation, these blocks are represented in a
table on the Other sheet. Details for each Phaser setting are available in the Zynq-7000
AP SoC and 7 Series Devices Memory Interface Solutions User Guide (UG586) [Ref 9].
In the Phaser table, the Phaser INs column is used to specify the number of PHASER_IN
and PHASER_IN_PHY blocks used. Similarly, the Phaser OUTs column is used for both
PHASER_OUT and PHASER_OUT_PHY blocks.
•
eFUSE - UltraScale devices have a security feature that allows you to program eFUSE
bits that force the FPGA device to only allow encrypted bitstreams during runtime. XPE
allows you to estimate the power consumption when the eFUSE is being programmed
during runtime. You must analyze the power in conjunction with the eFUSE
programming image.
X-Ref Target - Figure 3-17
Figure 3-17:
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User Sheet
This sheet is intentionally left blank and user editable. On this sheet you can provide any
documentation (text, image, or hyperlinks), details about the project, assumed conditions,
or collect the results important to your application.
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Chapter 4
Exchanging Power Information
Overview
To determine device power supply requirements and estimate thermal dissipation
throughout the design process, data exchange mechanisms are available between different
power estimation tools such as Xilinx Power Estimator (XPE) and XPower Analyzer (XPA) in
the ISE Design Suite and the Vivado® power analysis feature in the Vivado Design Suite.
Details on the methodology and user flow are presented in the Power Methodology Guide
(UG786) [Ref 3].
Exporting Settings from XPE to XPower Analyzer
In a typical development process you will first perform power estimation in XPE to size
the voltage supply sources, evaluate thermal power dissipation paths, and allocate the
total power budget to the different blocks in the FPGA system. Later in the development
cycle you will want to perform post implementation power analysis in XPower Analyzer
to validate against your power and thermal goals. Instead of manually re-entering this
environmental data into XPA you can export to a file and have XPA read it for your next
analysis. This process exports all environment, thermal, and voltage settings which in
turn helps getting realistic power estimations in XPA that can easily be compared
between the two tools.
For step-by-step export instructions, see Exporting XPE Results.
Importing Results from XPower Analyzer
This flow is useful in the following cases:
°
The power reported in XPower Analyzer exceeds your requirements and you want to
evaluate different scenarios, adjusting resources used, count, and configuration.
You can also estimate power gains from techniques such as logic gating or resource
time sharing, without modifying your code.
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
°
°
Your project uses (or reuses) IP blocks already implemented in a previous design or
acquired. You can import these existing blocks into XPE to quickly get resource and
power usage for these blocks. You can then focus your efforts in XPE to enter data
for the new pieces of logic not yet defined.
Team-based design – A project manager can regularly monitor power for the entire
design by integrating resource usage and power consumption for modules
developed by the different teams.
For step-by-step import instructions, see Importing Data into XPE.
Importing Results from Vivado Power Analysis
A data exchange mechanism is available to import data from the Vivado® power analysis
feature into Xilinx Power Estimator (XPE). This data exchange mechanism is available for the
Kintex UltraScale, Virtex UltraScale, Artix-7 (including Artix-7 Automotive), Kintex-7,
Virtex-7, and Zynq-7000 AP SoC device families.
This flow is useful in the following cases:
•
The power reported in the Vivado Design Suite exceeds your requirements and you
want to evaluate different scenarios, adjusting resources used, count, and
configuration. You can also estimate power gains from techniques such as logic gating
or resource time sharing, without modifying your code.
•
Your project uses (or reuses) IP blocks already implemented in a previous design or
acquired. You can import these existing blocks into XPE to quickly get resource and
power usage for these blocks. You can then focus your efforts in XPE to enter data for
the new pieces of logic not yet defined.
•
Team-based design - A project manager can regularly monitor power for the entire
design by integrating resource usage and power consumption for modules developed
by the different teams.
For step-by-step import instructions, see Importing Data into XPE.
Importing and Exporting the Data
Depending on the stage in the device development cycle your design is in, XPE provides
multiple mechanisms to simplify data entry and manage output data. These mechanisms
use the data import and data export features of XPE.
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
The XPE import and export features are useful for exchanging power information with
XPower Analyzer in the ISE® Design Suite and the Vivado ® power analysis feature in the
Vivado Design Suite (see Importing Results from Vivado Power Analysis).
For step-by step instructions for importing or exporting XPE data, see the following
sections:
•
Importing Data into XPE
•
Exporting XPE Results
Importing Data into XPE
In the Summary sheet, click the Import button to open the dialog box shown in Figure 4-1.
This dialog box varies slightly depending on device architecture, because newer family
spreadsheets offer more import capabilities.
X-Ref Target - Figure 4-1
Figure 4-1:
Import Dialog Box (7 Series Devices)
This dialog box lets you select among the following import options:
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
Importing the Existing Xilinx Power Estimator spreadsheet
(*.xls)
Use this option to import an existing XPE spreadsheet (.xls or .xlsm file). This option is
useful when starting a new design which reuses previous IP blocks or when updating the
design information into the latest spreadsheet version. This action deletes all data in the
current spreadsheet, then imports all data from the selected spreadsheet.
IMPORTANT: When the import is complete, make sure to verify and adjust the imported data where
appropriate. For example, adjust utilization and resources count columns when porting a design to a
new architecture.
Importing the Power Estimation Results from ISE or Vivado
(*.xpe)
Use this option to further analyze your design by importing complete designs or IP
blocks. The .xpe file you are importing can come from either the ISE Design Suite or the
Vivado Design Suite.
°
°
ISE Design Suite - The .xpe file was produced by XPower Analyzer or by the -xpe
option to the xpwr command. See the XPower Analyzer Help or the description of
the -xpe option to the xpwr command line in the Command Line Tools User Guide
(UG628) [Ref 4] for details on how to generate this interoperability file.
Vivado Design Suite - The .xpe file was produced by the report power tool or by the
-xpe option to the report_power Tcl command. See the Vivado User Guide: Power
Analysis and Optimization (UG907) [Ref 2] for details on how to generate this
interoperability file.
To determine device power supply requirements and estimate thermal dissipation
throughout the design process, data exchange mechanisms are available between the
different power estimation tools, Xilinx Power Estimator (XPE) and XPower Analyzer
(XPA), which is in the ISE Design Suite. Details on the methodology and user flow are
presented in the Power Methodology Guide (UG786) [Ref 3]. This data exchange
mechanism is available for the Spartan-6, Virtex-6, Artix-7, Kintex-7, and Virtex-7 device
families.
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
Benefits and use model for this flow are presented in Importing Results from Vivado
Power Analysis.
To import this data into the spreadsheet:
a. In the Summary sheet of the XPE spreadsheet, click Import File.
b. In the import dialog box, browse and select the .xpe file to import.
c. (Optional. 7 series devices and Zynq-7000 AP SoC only) In the Design Data section
of the dialog box, select whether you want the imported data to override any
previously entered data in the spreadsheet or rather append to the existing results.
d. (Optional. 7 series devices and Zynq-7000 AP SoC only) In the Advanced Options
section of the dialog box, specify data to include during the import (Device
Settings, Environment Settings, Voltage Settings, I/O Data, and Activity Rates).
Note: When you import an XPE file from the Vivado Design Suite, the Optimization field in the
Implementation section of the Summary Tab is always set to Default for 7 series devices and to
None for UltraScale devices. XPE does not apply any default optimization to imported data,
because it assumes that the data from Vivado Report Power already accounts for power
optimization from the Vivado Design Suite design flow.
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
TIP: When you import a .xpe file from the Vivado Design Suite, the imported data will be displayed
hierarchically in the Logic sheet, BRAM sheet, and DSP sheet. In Figure 4-2, the Name column in the
Logic sheet contains a row for a parent module followed by rows with names indented, representing
modules within the parent.
X-Ref Target - Figure 4-2
Figure 4-2:
Hierarchical Display of Imported Data (7 Series Devices)
Importing Implementation Results from ISE Map Report
(*.mrp)
Select the import from Map Report (.mrp file) when portions of the design have been
implemented in the ISE Design Suite. You can import the exact resource count from a
Map Report to get a more accurate power estimation after the design is placed. This
flow is also used when portions of the design are implemented while others are still
being designed, so you can add details for the expected remaining logic and evaluate
the total design power distribution.
Note: This process overwrites any utilization data, but preserves environment settings.
TIP: After import you will notice resources used are grouped into a minimum set of lines. The map
report only contains the counts of the various blocks and you will need to set the bit width, data rate,
clock, mode, enable, and other configurations on each XPE sheet to match your design.
TIP: The I/O and BRAM sheets are populated based on unique configuration. I/Os are grouped by bus
and all BRAMs with the same configuration appear on a single line. You might therefore need to add
additional rows and adjust the counts to group by clock domain, module, or functionality.
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
Exporting XPE Results
In the Summary sheet click the Export File button to open the dialog box shown in
Figure 4-3.
X-Ref Target - Figure 4-3
Figure 4-3:
Export Dialog Box
In the dialog box the Save as type field lets you select among the following data formats:
Exporting as XPA Settings (*.xpa) File
Use this format to export XPE settings so they can then be applied to an XPower
Analyzer session. This tool is typically used later in the design cycle when you are ready
to perform a post place and route power analysis. The tool will create an .xpa file which
contains all the environment settings, such as thermal, board and voltage properties.
This simplifies the analysis setup in XPower Analyzer and ensures power data can be
compared between the two tools.
Note: To read the data exported from XPE into XPower Analyzer, enter the Settings file name
(*.xpa) in the dialog box that appears when you open a design in XPower Analyzer (File > Open
Design).
Note: In the XPower (XPWR) command line tool, which performs a power analysis on your
design within the ISE Design Suite, use the -x <file_name> switch to read in the XPE exported
data.
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Chapter 4: Exchanging Power Information
Exporting as Text Power Report (*.pwr)
Use this format to export XPE Summary sheet results in a text format. XPE will save all
the information on the Summary sheet in a sequence of tables so the information is easy
to read. This feature can be used to archive or compare multiple scenarios. It can also
help if your design flow uses scripts to parse and use XPE results.
Exporting as XPE Exchange (*.xpe) file
Use this format to export the contents of an XPE spreadsheet in a smaller file, and then
restore it by importing it into another spreadsheet.
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Chapter 5
Automating XPE
Overview
To simplify data entry and export or to assist with data manipulation Microsoft Excel offers
a variety of mechanisms which you can use to increase your productivity or the breadth of
your power estimation and analysis. The following section provides reference material and
examples to help you get started quickly with Excel internal automation features and
interface with some of the most common external scripting languages.
Using Named Cells
Excel provides a mechanism to name a cell or a range of cells so these can be used within
formulae or scripts without referring to them as cell XY coordinates. Because the XPE
spreadsheet is protected you cannot see 'named' cells defined on the protected areas. You
can however name cells in the unprotected area (User sheet). The following tables and
examples show the named cells within XPE that are available to facilitate user formulas and
scripting.
Get Available Resource Counts
The following named cells represent the maximum available resources available for the
considered device and package. None of these cells are visible in the spreadsheet, however
you can use these read only values in your calculations.
Table 5-1:
Resource Counts - Named Cells
Resource
LUTs
Named Cells
Description
NUM_LUTS
Includes all LUTS
NUM_LUTRAM
Shift Registers and Distributed Memories LUTs
Registers
NUM_FFS
DSP blocks
NUM_DSPS
Block RAMs
NUM_BRAMS
PLLs
NUM_PLLS
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Table 5-1:
Resource Counts - Named Cells (Cont’d)
Resource
Named Cells
Description
MMCMs
NUM_MMCMS
DCMs
NUM_DCMS
Transceivers
NUM_GTPS
Lowest speed blocks
NUM_GTS
Lower speed blocks
NUM_GTHS
High Speed blocks
NUM_GTZS
Highest Speed blocks
Examples:
Formulas to quickly set device utilization and evaluate thermal effects when varying device,
package or cooling parameters:
= INT(NUM_LUTS * 0.75)
Sets total LUT utilization to 75% of device capacity (if
entered on the Logic sheet)
= INT(NUM_DSPS * 0.90)
Sets DSP block utilization to 90% of device capacity (if
entered in DSP sheet)
Get Device Operating Limits
The following named cells represent operating limits for the considered device, package,
speed grade and temperature grade. None of these cells are visible in the spreadsheet
however you can use these read only values in your calculations.
Table 5-2:
Operating Limits - Named Cells
Resource
Temperature
Voltages
Transceivers
Named Cells
Description
TJ_MAX
Maximum operating junction temperature (°C)
TJ_MIN
Minimum operating junction temperature (°C)
VCC_MAX
Maximum operating VCCINT voltage (V)
VCC_MIN
Minimum operating VCCINT voltage (V)
GTP_MAXRATE
Maximum data rate of lowest speed blocks (Gb/s)
GTX_MAXRATE
Maximum data rate of lower speed blocks (Gb/s)
GTH_MAXRATE
Maximum data rate of high speed blocks (Gb/s)
GTZ_MAXRATE
Maximum data rate of highest speed blocks (Gb/s)
Example:
Formula to enter into the user Junction Temperature cell on the Summary sheet to force
the device junction temperature to the maximum allowed while evaluating different
temperature or device and package combination:
= TJ_MAX
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Get and Edit Summary Information
Many cells in the Summary sheet or tables at the top of the other sheets are named. To find
these names in Excel you can select the cell then if it is named the 'name box' area of the
formula bar will show that name. The following paragraph highlights some of the most
commonly used cells on the Summary sheet.
Table 5-3:
Summary Panel - Named Cells (See Figure 1-7)
Named Cell
Description
JUNCTION_TEMP
Estimated or forced Junction Temperature (°C)
THERMAL_MARGIN_C
Temperature margin for the device temperature grade (°C)
TJA
Estimated or specified Effective ΘJA (°C/W)
TOTAL_POWER
Total On-Chip Power (W)
THERMAL_MARGIN_W
Power margin for the device temperature grade (W)
OFFCHIP_POWER
Total power supplied to off-chip devices (W)
Table 5-4:
On-Chip Power Panel - Named Cells (See Figure 1-6)
Named Cell
Description
CLOCK_POWER
Clock tree power (W)
LOGIC_POWER
CLB Logic power (W)
BRAM_POWER
Block RAM power
DSP_POWER
DSP blocks power (W)
PLL_POWER
PLL blocks power (W)
MMCM_POWER
MMCM blocks power (W)
PHASER_POWER
PHASER blocks power (W)
PCIE_POWER
PCIE blocks power (W)
IO_POWER
SelectIO blocks power (W)
GTP_POWER
Lowest speed transceiver blocks power (W)
GTX_POWER
Lower speed transceiver blocks power (W)
GTH_POWER
High speed transceiver blocks power (W)
GTZ_POWER
Highest speed transceiver blocks power (W)
STATIC_POWER
Device static power (W)
PS_POWER
Zynq-7000 AP SoC processing system (PS) power (W)
PS_STATIC
Zynq-7000 AP SoC PS device static power (W)
PL_STATIC
Zynq-7000 AP SoC programmable logic (PL) device static power (W)
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Table 5-5:
Power Supply Panel - Named Cells
Named Cell
Description
VCCINT
VCCINT core voltage level (V)
VCCBRAM
VCCBRAM voltage level (V)
VCCAUX
VCCAUX voltage level (V)
VCCAUX_IO
VCCAUX_IO voltage level (V)
VCCO33
VCCO 3.3V voltage level (V)
VCCO25
VCCO 2.5V voltage level (V)
VCCO18
VCCO 1.8V voltage level (V)
VCCO15
VCCO 1.5V voltage level (V)
VCCO135
VCCO 1.35V voltage level (V)
VCCO12
VCCO 1.2V voltage level (V)
Table 5-6:
Environment Table - Named Cells
Named Cell
Description
AMBIENT_TEMP
Ambient temperature (°C)
BOARD_TEMP
Board temperature (°C)
CUSTOMTSA
User specified Theta SA thermal resistance (°C/W)
CUSTOMTJB
User specified Theta JB thermal resistance (°C/W)
Table 5-7:
Miscellaneous Named Cells
Named Cell
Description
PROJECT
User description of the spreadsheet
VERSION
Spreadsheet revision
RELEASE_DATE
Spreadsheet release date
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Using Formulas
With Excel formulas you can simplify data entry, spreadsheet parameterization or create
customer reports as explained in the following examples
Example1: Set clock frequency of all attached synchronous loads in a single place.
Typically a clock net may reach multiple types of resources. Instead of entering the clock
frequency on each sheet the following formula can be used on the resource sheets while the
clock frequency is only defined once in the Clock sheet. Any change of the clock frequency
would immediately be reflected on all the linked resource sheets
=CLOCK!E19
Example 2: Calculate the fanout sum of all the different loads driven by a clock.
On the clock sheet you might find it useful to enter formulas similar to:
=SUM(LOGIC!G12:I12,BRAM!E10,DSP!E8)
=SUM(IO!I19:K19)
Example 3: Select the GTX data rates to the PCIe interface speed and number of lanes.
Entering the following formulae for GTX line rate and number of channels will track the PCIe
interface.
•
Set channel data rate based on the PCIE bock configuration (if entered on the GTX
sheet)
=IF(PCIE!E8="GEN3",8,IF(PCIE!E8="GEN2",5,2.5))
•
Set the number of GTX channels to reflect the number of PCIE lanes (if entered on the
GTX sheet)
=PCIE!G8
Example 4: Parameterize the spreadsheet entry using formulas and the User sheet.
Figure 5-1 illustrates how to evaluate power when a module is replicated more or fewer
times in the design. By varying the number of instances, the quantity of resources for the
base blocks, or clock frequency, an Excel formula can automatically recalculate the values
which need to be entered in other sheets. In Figure 5-1, the value for Number instance
(named num_inst) in the User sheet automatically calculates utilization and activity for cells
that appear in the Logic sheet.
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
X-Ref Target - Figure 5-1
Figure 5-1:
Parameterizing Data Entry Using Formulas on the User Sheet
Using Visual Basic Macros
The following examples define the public Visual Basic functions defined in the Xilinx 7
series XPE spreadsheet to help you with your automation needs. They provide convenient
ways to load files, create power reports, change parts, packages and environment settings
from Excel or another program.
•
Create a text power report and save with name specified as argument.
Public Sub GeneratePowerReportFile(FileName As String)
•
Create a settings file and save with name specified as argument. This file can later be
used in XPower Analyzer.
Public Sub GenerateXPAFile(FileName As String)
•
Create an XPE file and save with name specified as argument. This file can later be used
to restore the current settings in XPE.
Public Sub GenerateXPEFile(FileName As String)
•
Import an existing XPE spreadsheet (.xls* path/file specified as argument).
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Public Sub ImportXPEFile(path As String)
•
Import a place and route map report (.mrp path/file specified as argument).
Public Sub ImportMapReportFile(FileName As String)
•
Import implementation results in .xpe format. Review the Import dialog options for
details and format of the different arguments.
Public Sub ImportXmlFile(FileName As String, Append As Boolean,DevSettings As
Boolean, EnvSettings As Boolean, VoltSettings As Boolean, IOSettings As Boolean)
•
Take a snapshot of the currently loaded Power information or load a snapshot of
another XPE spreadsheet:
Public Sub TakeSnapshot( FileName As String)
Usage: Pass an empty string for FileName to take a snapshot of the active workbook,
or pass the file name of another workbook that will import as a snapshot.
Example:
TakeSnapshot("")
•
Set device information and check whether the device is valid. Returns True if valid
device or False if not valid.
Public Function SetDeviceInfo(Device As String, Package As String, TempGrade As
String, SpeedGrade As String) As Boolean
Example:
SetDeviceInfo("XC7K325T", "FBG900", "Industrial", "-1")
•
Read resource utilization % of the specific resource by a pre-defined name passed as
ResourceName.
Public Function GetUtilization(ResourceName As String) As Double
Sample values for ResourceName: CLOCK_GLOBAL, CLOCK_REGIONAL, LOGIC_LUTS,
IO_TOTAL, IO_HP, BRAM_RAMB18
Example:
my $util = $Book->GetUtilization("BRAM_RAMB18");
This returns the value of the BRAM sheet RAMB18 utilization, e.g. 75 for 75%.
•
Set the default voltages for all supply voltages. Set argument to False for Nominal
voltages and to True for Maximum voltage levels.
Public Sub SetDefaultVoltages(Maximum As Boolean)
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
•
Set the Device field on the Summary sheet (will automatically adjust the Family field if
required).
Public Function SetDevice(Device As String) As Boolean
•
Set the Package field on the Summary sheet.
Public Function SetPackage(Package As String) As Boolean
•
Set the Process field on the Summary sheet. Set argument to False for Typical process
and True for Maximum process.
Public Sub SetProcess (Maximum As Boolean)
•
Set the Temp Grade field on the Summary sheet. Options are "Commercial",
"Industrial", "Q-Grade", "Extended”, and so forth.
Public Function SetTemperatureGrade (Grade as String) as Boolean
•
Set the Speed Grade field on the Summary sheet. Options are "-1", "-1L", and so forth.
Public Function SetSpeedGrade (Grade as String) as Boolean
•
Set the Heat Sink field on the Summary sheet. Options are "Custom", "None", "Low
Profile"
Public Function SetHeatSink (Sink as String) as Boolean
•
Set the Board Selection field on the Summary sheet. Options are "Custom", "JEDEC",
"Small", "Medium", "Large".
Public Function SetBoard (BoardSize as String, BoardLayers as Integer) as Boolean
•
Set the User Override for the Junction Temperature, and value.
Public Function SetJunctionTemperature(Temperature As Double, OverRide As
Boolean) As Boolean
•
Set the User Override for the Effective ThetaJA, and value.
Public Function SetEffectiveThetaJA(ThetaJA As Double, OverRide As Boolean) As
Boolean
Scripting XPE
Microsoft Excel capabilities described in the previous paragraphs can be accessed from any
framework with access to the COM interface. This Component Object Model (COM) is a
binary interface standard for software that enable interprocess communications in a large
range of programming languages (for example, Visual Basic, Perl, Java). The following
examples illustrate how you can set XPE environment parameters, run calculations and read
or export results from different languages.
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Chapter 5: Automating XPE
Visual Basic Scripting Example
This simple example opens XPE, then export results into a text power report using the
Visual Basic scripting language.
Dim XPE As Workbook
XPEfilename = "C:\\Power\\7_Series_XPE_13_1.xls"
On Error Resume Next
Set XPE = Workbooks(XPEfilename)
' Opening XPE
On Error GoTo 0
If (XPE Is Nothing) Then
Set XPE = Application.Workbooks.Open(XPEfilename, UpdateLinks:=vbFalse,
ReadOnly:=vbTrue)
If XPE Is Nothing Then ' Open failed
MsgBox ("XPE Open Failed: " & XPEfilename & "Err=" & Err)
Exit Function
End If
End If
' Set Vccint voltage
XPE.Sheets("Summary").Range("VCCINT").Value = myVccint
TotalPower = XPE.Sheets("Summary").Range("TOTAL_POWER").Value
' Export XPE results into a text power report
XPESub = "'" & XPE.Name & "'!" & "ThisWorkBook.GeneratePowerReportFile"
Application.Run(XPESub, FileName)
Perl Scripting Example
This simple example opens XPE then export results into a text power report using Perl
scripting language.
use Win32::OLE;
use Win32::OLE::Const 'Microsoft Excel';
my $myXPEfilename = "C:\\Power\\7_Series_XPE_13_1.xls";
# Opening XPE
my $Excel = Win32::OLE->GetActiveObject('Excel.Application')
|| Win32::OLE->new('Excel.Application', 'Quit');
my $Book = $Excel->Workbooks->Open($myXPEfilename);
# Export XPE results into a text power report
$Excel->Run("ThisWorkBook.GeneratePowerReportFile", "$path/${design}.pwr");
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Chapter 6
Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
Using the Power Comparison Snapshots Sheet
The Power Comparison Snapshots sheet allows you to capture a series of snapshots of the
power status of your design under varying conditions or at different points in its design
cycle. Each snapshot displays device part, environmental information, the power consumed
by your design, and the voltage and current across each of the power supply sources used
in the design. You can use the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet to compare the power
consumed under different conditions and the power calculated at different points in the
design cycle.
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
X-Ref Target - Figure 6-1
Figure 6-1:
Power Comparison Snapshots Sheet (7 Series Devices)
A snapshot can represent:
•
Power information for this XPE spreadsheet, captured at a certain time. When you
create the snapshot, all of this information is copied from the Summary sheet of this
spreadsheet to the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet.
•
Power information for a different XPE spreadsheet, captured at a certain time. When
you create the snapshot, all of this information is copied from the Summary sheet of
the other spreadsheet to this Power Comparison Snapshots sheet.
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
•
Power information for a design implemented in the ISE tools, captured at a certain
time. When you create the snapshot, the power information is imported from the ISE
Power Report into the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet.
The Power Comparison Snapshots sheet allows you to explore What If? scenarios, changing
the part or the environmental conditions under which the part will operate and observing
the effect on power the changes will have. You can also create a snapshot of the power
calculated when your design is implemented in the ISE tools, to see how the power
calculated for the implemented design compares to the power calculated before the design
was implemented.
Using snapshots, you can explore What If? scenarios such as:
•
How will power consumption change if I implement a design in different Xilinx
architectures? What is the difference in power consumption when the same design is
implemented in a Kintex device versus an Artix device?
•
How does a design’s power consumption vary as a function of junction temperature?
•
How does a design’s GT Power consumption change as a function of device type?
•
How much power could be saved by using power optimization, or by choosing a -2L
(low power) or a 0.9V part?
•
How does the power and temperature vary under nominal versus maximum operating
conditions?
•
How does the design’s power consumption vary as the design undergoes revision with
respect to power, features, and performance?
•
How does the power consumption vary between the Xilinx Power Estimator (XPE),
XPower Analyzer (XPA), and Vivado Report Power estimations?
•
How does the power consumption vary with changing clock frequencies?
•
How did my pre-design estimate compare with post-design results and imported
design data?
The four sections in the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet are:
•
Settings - Displays the following:
°
The name of the snapshot (top line in the table)
°
Source and version of the snapshot data creator (for example, “ISE: 13.4” for an
imported snapshot)
°
Data and Time the snapshot was created
°
The file name of XPE or the imported source
°
The Part (device, package, and speed grade) for which the power values were
calculated.
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
°
°
°
•
•
The value for Ambient Temperature under which the device will operate, as
specified when the snapshot was taken.
The Process (Typical or Maximum) specified when the snapshot was taken. The
Process setting accounts for the power dissipation caused by the manufacturing
process.
The Implementation (Default or Power Optimization) specified when the snapshot
was taken. This setting focuses the synthesis and implementation tools in the ISE
Design Suite or the Vivado Design Suite on minimizing power towards different
objectives when the design is implemented.
Summary - Displays the following:
°
Total On-Chip Power - The total power consumed within the device for each
snapshot. It includes device static and design dependent static and dynamic power.
°
The values for Junction Temperature and Effective ΘJA under which the device
will operate, as specified when the snapshot was taken.
On-Chip Power - The On-Chip Power section presents the total power consumed
within the device by each resource type.
In some cases, more than one resource will be included in a single row. For example, the
Clocking row might include the power associated with clock nets as well as the power
associated with clock managers such as the PLL and the MMCM, and the Transceiver
row might include the power associated with Multi-Gigabit Transceivers (MGTs) as well
as the power associated with a Hard IP block.
•
Supply Summary - Displays the voltage and estimated current across the different
supply sources. The table includes all power required by the internal logic along with
power eventually sourced and consumed outside the Xilinx device, such as in external
board terminations. This view includes both static and dynamic power.
Adding a Snapshot of the Current Spreadsheet
To add a snapshot of the current XPE spreadsheet to the Power Comparison Snapshots
sheet:
1. Click the Snapshot button on the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet.
A snapshot for the current XPE spreadsheet appears in the far right column of the table
in the sheet.
2. If desired, rename the snapshot at the top row of the table.
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
Importing a Snapshot
You can import a snapshot containing power values calculated from a different XPE
spreadsheet or power values calculated when the design is implemented in the ISE Design
Suite or the Vivado Design Suite.
Note: When you import power information into the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet, the FPGA
or AP SoC represented in the imported data does not have to match the device specified in the
current XPE spreadsheet.
To import a snapshot into the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet:
1. Click the Import button at the top of the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet.
A snapshot for the current XPE spreadsheet will appear in the far right column of the
table in the sheet.
2. In the Select XPE File to Import dialog box, select the following in the Files of type box:
°
XPE Workbook (*.xls*), if you are importing information from a different XPE
spreadsheet.
°
Power Report (*.pwr), if you are importing information from a Power Report
generated within the ISE Design Suite or the Vivado Design Suite.
3. Browse to the file you will import and click Open.
A snapshot appears in the far right column of the table in the Power Comparison Snapshots
sheet. If desired, rename the snapshot at the top row of the table.
Deleting Snapshots from the Power Comparison Snapshots
Sheet
To delete a single snapshot, click the box with the red “X” at the top of the snapshot.
To delete all of the snapshots on the Power Comparison Snapshots sheet, click the Clear All
button at the top of the sheet.
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
Using Graph Sheets
The following power graphs display the graphical representation of your power estimates.
On-Chip Power by Function
This graph displays the variation of power for each functional block.
X-Ref Target - Figure 6-2
Figure 6-2:
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
On-Chip Power over Vccint
This graph displays the variation of power with respect to Vccint (core voltage).
X-Ref Target - Figure 6-3
Figure 6-3:
Graph displaying On-Chip Power Over Vccint
Static Current by Supply
This graph displays the power for each supply rails.
X-Ref Target - Figure 6-4
Figure 6-4:
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Chapter 6: Using Snapshots and Graph Sheets
On-Chip Typical vs Maximum Power
This graph displays the power with respect to PVT (Power, Voltage, and Temperature)
changes.
X-Ref Target - Figure 6-5
Figure 6-5:
Graph displaying the On-Chip Typical Vs Maximum Power variance
On-Chip Power
This graph displays the very fine variation of power (static and maximum) with respect to
Junction temperatures.
X-Ref Target - Figure 6-6
Figure 6-6:
Graph displaying the On-Chip Power variance with respect to Junction
Temperatures
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Appendix A
Additional Resources and Legal Notices
Xilinx Resources
For support resources such as Answers, Documentation, Downloads, and Forums, see Xilinx
Support.
Solution Centers
See the Xilinx Solution Centers for support on devices, software tools, and intellectual
property at all stages of the design cycle. Topics include design assistance, advisories, and
troubleshooting tips.
References
1. XPower Analyzer Help
2. Vivado® Design Suite User Guide: Power Analysis and Optimization (UG907)
3. Power Methodology Guide (UG786) - for ISE tools
4. Command Line Tools User Guide (UG628) - for ISE tools
5. 7 Series FPGAs Configurable Logic Block User Guide (UG474)
6. 7 Series FPGAs Memory Resources User Guide (UG473)
7. 7 Series FPGAs GTX/GTH Transceivers User Guide (UG476)
8. 7 Series FPGAs GTP Transceivers User Guide (UG482)
9. Zynq®-7000 AP SoC and 7 Series Devices Memory Interface Solutions User Guide (UG586)
10. UltraScale™ Architecture Configurable Logic Block Advance Specification User Guide
(UG574)
11. UltraScale Architecture Memory Resources Advance Specification User Guide (UG573)
12. UltraScale Architecture GTH Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG576)
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Appendix A: Additional Resources and Legal Notices
13. UltraScale Architecture GTY Transceivers Advance Specification User Guide (UG578)
14. Virtex®-7 T and XT FPGAs Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS183)
15. Kintex®-7 FPGAs Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS182)
16. Artix®-7 FPGAs Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS181)
17. Virtex UltraScale Architecture Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS893)
18. Kintex UltraScale Architecture Data Sheet: DC and AC Switching Characteristics (DS892)
19. LogiCORE™ IP Aurora 8B/10B Product Guide (PG046)
20. LogiCORE IP Aurora 64B/66B Product Guide (PG074)
21. Device Package User Guide (UG112)
22. 7 Series FPGAs Clocking Resources User Guide (UG472)
23. UltraScale Architecture Clocking Resources Advance Specification User Guide (UG572)
24. 7 Series FPGAs SelectIO Resources User Guide (UG471)
25. 7 Series DSP48E1 Slice User Guide (UG479)
26. UltraScale Architecture DSP Slice Advance Specification User Guide (UG579)
27. UltraScale Architecture Integrated Block for 100G Ethernet LogiCORE IP Product Guide
(PG165)
28. UltraScale Architecture Integrated IP Core for Interlaken LogiCORE IP Product Guide
(PG169)
29. Zynq-7000 All Programmable SoC Technical Reference Manual (UG585)
30. 7 Series FPGAs and Zynq-7000 All Programmable SoC XADC Dual 12-Bit 1MSPS
Analog-to-Digital Converter User Guide (UG480)
31. UltraScale Architecture System Monitor Advance Specification User Guide (UG580)
32. 7 Series FPGAs Configuration User Guide (UG470)
33. UltraScale Architecture Configuration Advance Specification User Guide (UG570)
34. Descriptions of the resources available in an FPGA can be found under Silicon Devices
on the Xilinx Support web page.
35. UltraScale Architecture-Based FPGAs Memory Interface Solutions (PG150)
36. Vivado Design Suite Documentation
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Appendix A: Additional Resources and Legal Notices
Training Resources
1. Vivado Design Suite QuickTake Video Tutorial: Using the Xilinx Power Estimator
2. Vivado Design Suite QuickTake Video: How to Estimate UltraScale Device Power using
XPE
Please Read: Important Legal Notices
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maximum extent permitted by applicable law: (1) Materials are made available "AS IS" and with all faults, Xilinx hereby DISCLAIMS
ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
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incidental, or consequential loss or damage (including loss of data, profits, goodwill, or any type of loss or damage suffered as a
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updates to the Materials or to product specifications. You may not reproduce, modify, distribute, or publicly display the Materials
without prior written consent. Certain products are subject to the terms and conditions of Xilinx’s limited warranty, please refer to
Xilinx’s Terms of Sale which can be viewed at http://www.xilinx.com/legal.htm#tos; IP cores may be subject to warranty and support
terms contained in a license issued to you by Xilinx. Xilinx products are not designed or intended to be fail-safe or for use in any
application requiring fail-safe performance; you assume sole risk and liability for use of Xilinx products in such critical applications,
please refer to Xilinx’s Terms of Sale which can be viewed at http://www.xilinx.com/legal.htm#tos.
© Copyright 2012–2015 Xilinx, Inc. Xilinx, the Xilinx logo, Artix, ISE, Kintex, Spartan, Virtex, Vivado, Zynq, and other designated
brands included herein are trademarks of Xilinx in the United States and other countries. CPRI is a trademark of Siemens AG. PCI,
PCI Express, PCIe, and PCI-X are trademarks of PCI-SIG. The PowerPC name and logo are registered trademarks of IBM Corp. and
used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
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